cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 261:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): trus tamba [[[kaka dari Mambramo] tiga] ___
Gloss (with missing item): next add oSb from Mambramo one ___
The English translation of this sentence is:[About forming a volleyball team:] ‘and then add these three older brothers from Mambramo’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals undifferentiated in terms of their ranking, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s indicate exhaustivity of \isi{defithe morpheme ___te} referents. The head can be a \isi{noun}, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}), or a personal \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_8.68}).\footnote{The elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}) is based on the example in (\ref{Example_8.14}) in §\ref{Para_8.1} (p. \pageref{Example_8.14}).}
A: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
B: word: lima	 gloss: five
C: word: ni	 gloss: D.PROX
D: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 262:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): trus tamba ___ dari Mambramo satu
Gloss (with missing item): next add ___ from Mambramo one
The English translation of this sentence is:HEAD – PP – NUM: [About forming a sports team:] ‘then add a certain older brother from (the) Mambramo (area)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals undifferentiated in terms of their ranking, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s indicate exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents. The head can be a \isi{noun}, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}), or a personal \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_8.68}).\footnote{The elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}) is based on the example in (\ref{Example_8.14}) in §\ref{Para_8.1} (p. \pageref{Example_8.14}).}
A: word: babi	 gloss: pig
B: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
C: word: komputer	 gloss: computer
D: word: br–ade-kaka	 gloss: VBLZ–siblings
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 263:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): trus tamba kaka ___ Mambramo satu
Gloss (with missing item): next add oSb ___ Mambramo one
The English translation of this sentence is:HEAD – PP – NUM: [About forming a sports team:] ‘then add a certain older brother from (the) Mambramo (area)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals undifferentiated in terms of their ranking, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s indicate exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents. The head can be a \isi{noun}, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}), or a personal \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_8.68}).\footnote{The elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}) is based on the example in (\ref{Example_8.14}) in §\ref{Para_8.1} (p. \pageref{Example_8.14}).}
A: word: dang	 gloss: and
B: word: cari	 gloss: search
C: word: dari	 gloss: from
D: word: tukang	 gloss: craftsman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 264:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): trus tamba kaka dari ___ satu
Gloss (with missing item): next add oSb from ___ one
The English translation of this sentence is:HEAD – PP – NUM: [About forming a sports team:] ‘then add a certain older brother from (the) Mambramo (area)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals undifferentiated in terms of their ranking, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s indicate exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents. The head can be a \isi{noun}, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}), or a personal \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_8.68}).\footnote{The elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}) is based on the example in (\ref{Example_8.14}) in §\ref{Para_8.1} (p. \pageref{Example_8.14}).}
A: word: ambil	 gloss: fetch
B: word: yoram	 gloss: Yoram
C: word: apa	 gloss: what
D: word: mambramo	 gloss: Mambramo
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 265:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): trus tamba kaka dari Mambramo ___
Gloss (with missing item): next add oSb from Mambramo ___
The English translation of this sentence is:HEAD – PP – NUM: [About forming a sports team:] ‘then add a certain older brother from (the) Mambramo (area)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals undifferentiated in terms of their ranking, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s indicate exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents. The head can be a \isi{noun}, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}), or a personal \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_8.68}).\footnote{The elicited example in (\ref{Example_8.67}) is based on the example in (\ref{Example_8.14}) in §\ref{Para_8.1} (p. \pageref{Example_8.14}).}
A: word: skali	 gloss: very
B: word: satu	 gloss: one
C: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
D: word: dulu	 gloss: first
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 266:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kitong {lari\Tildelari} sampe di ___ tuju
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL RDP\Tilderun reach at ___ seven
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we drove all the way to transmigration settlement number seven’ (Lit. ‘the seventh transmigration settlement’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals differentiated in terms of their ranking within a series, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s signal the unique position of a referent within such a ranking as in (\ref{Example_8.69}), or they the morpheme ___ecify unique points in time as in (\ref{Example_8.70}).
A: word: spit	 gloss: speedboat
B: word: kluarga	 gloss: family
C: word: kasi–ang	 gloss: love–PAT
D: word: sp	 gloss: transmigration.settlement
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 267:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kitong {lari\Tildelari} sampe di SP ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL RDP\Tilderun reach at transmigration.settlement ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we drove all the way to transmigration settlement number seven’ (Lit. ‘the seventh transmigration settlement’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals differentiated in terms of their ranking within a series, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s signal the unique position of a referent within such a ranking as in (\ref{Example_8.69}), or they specify unique points in time as in (\ref{Example_8.70}).
A: word: tujuangnya	 gloss: purpose:3POSSR
B: word: dlapang	 gloss: eight
C: word: dua	 gloss: two
D: word: tuju	 gloss: seven
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 268:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dua, tong kluar dari sini jam satu
Gloss (with missing item): ___ two 1PL go.out from L.PROX hour one
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(we arrived at) two o’clock, we left from here at one o’clock’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals differentiated in terms of their ranking within a series, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s signal the unique position of a referent within such a ranking as in (\ref{Example_8.69}), or they specify unique points in time as in (\ref{Example_8.70}).
A: word: makangang	 gloss: food
B: word: jam	 gloss: hour
C: word: sore	 gloss: afternoon
D: word: tajam	 gloss: be.sharp
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 269:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jam ___ tong kluar dari sini jam satu
Gloss (with missing item): hour ___ 1PL go.out from L.PROX hour one
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(we arrived at) two o’clock, we left from here at one o’clock’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals differentiated in terms of their ranking within a series, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s signal the unique position of a referent within such a ranking as in (\ref{Example_8.69}), or they specify unique points in time as in (\ref{Example_8.70}).
A: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
B: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
C: word: kedua	 gloss: second
D: word: dua	 gloss: two
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 270:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jam dua, tong kluar dari sini ___ satu
Gloss (with missing item): hour two 1PL go.out from L.PROX ___ one
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(we arrived at) two o’clock, we left from here at one o’clock’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals differentiated in terms of their ranking within a series, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s signal the unique position of a referent within such a ranking as in (\ref{Example_8.69}), or they specify unique points in time as in (\ref{Example_8.70}).
A: word: sore	 gloss: afternoon
B: word: tajam	 gloss: be.sharp
C: word: jam	 gloss: hour
D: word: bakar	 gloss: burn
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 271:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jam dua, tong kluar dari sini jam ___
Gloss (with missing item): hour two 1PL go.out from L.PROX hour ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(we arrived at) two o’clock, we left from here at one o’clock’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: With head nominals differentiated in terms of their ranking within a series, \textsc{nn}um\textsc{{}-np}s signal the unique position of a referent within such a ranking as in (\ref{Example_8.69}), or they specify unique points in time as in (\ref{Example_8.70}).
A: word: satu	 gloss: one
B: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
C: word: dulu	 gloss: first
D: word: greja	 gloss: church
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 272:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ini suda ___ dua malam
Gloss (with missing item): D.PROX already ___ two night
The English translation of this sentence is:‘this is already two o’clock at night’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_8.71}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}), the opposition between the pre- and posthead positions is illustrated with (near) contrastive examples. In (\ref{Example_8.71}) prehead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ designates the absolute number of items expressed by its head. In (\ref{Example_8.72}) posthead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ modifies a head nominal undifferentiated in terms of its ranking, whereby it signals the exhaustivity of its referent. In (\ref{Example_8.73}) posthead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ signals a unique position within a series.
A: word: tajam	 gloss: be.sharp
B: word: sore	 gloss: afternoon
C: word: setiap	 gloss: every
D: word: jam	 gloss: hour
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 273:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ini suda jam ___ malam
Gloss (with missing item): D.PROX already hour ___ night
The English translation of this sentence is:‘this is already two o’clock at night’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_8.71}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}), the opposition between the pre- and posthead positions is illustrated with (near) contrastive examples. In (\ref{Example_8.71}) prehead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ designates the absolute number of items expressed by its head. In (\ref{Example_8.72}) posthead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ modifies a head nominal undifferentiated in terms of its ranking, whereby it signals the exhaustivity of its referent. In (\ref{Example_8.73}) posthead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ signals a unique position within a series.
A: word: punya	 gloss: 10pt
B: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
C: word: dua	 gloss: two
D: word: kedua	 gloss: second
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 274:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dua dia potong
Gloss (with missing item): ___ two 3SG cut
The English translation of this sentence is:‘both CD players, he destroyed (them)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_8.71}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}), the opposition between the pre- and posthead positions is illustrated with (near) contrastive examples. In (\ref{Example_8.71}) prehead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ designates the absolute number of items expressed by its head. In (\ref{Example_8.72}) posthead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ modifies a head nominal undifferentiated in terms of its ranking, whereby it signals the exhaustivity of its referent. In (\ref{Example_8.73}) posthead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ signals a unique position within a series.
A: word: sidi	 gloss: CD.player
B: word: kaing	 gloss: cloth
C: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: maing	 gloss: play
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 275:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sidi ___ dia potong
Gloss (with missing item): CD.player ___ 3SG cut
The English translation of this sentence is:‘both CD players, he destroyed (them)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_8.71}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}), the opposition between the pre- and posthead positions is illustrated with (near) contrastive examples. In (\ref{Example_8.71}) prehead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ designates the absolute number of items expressed by its head. In (\ref{Example_8.72}) posthead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ modifies a head nominal undifferentiated in terms of its ranking, whereby it signals the exhaustivity of its referent. In (\ref{Example_8.73}) posthead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ signals a unique position within a series.
A: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
B: word: dua	 gloss: two
C: word: kedua	 gloss: second
D: word: stenga	 gloss: half
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 276:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ini suda ___ dua malam
Gloss (with missing item): D.PROX already ___ two night
The English translation of this sentence is:‘this is already two o’clock at night’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_8.71}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}), the opposition between the pre- and posthead positions is illustrated with (near) contrastive examples. In (\ref{Example_8.71}) prehead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ designates the absolute number of items expressed by its head. In (\ref{Example_8.72}) posthead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ modifies a head nominal undifferentiated in terms of its ranking, whereby it signals the exhaustivity of its referent. In (\ref{Example_8.73}) posthead \textitbf{dua} ‘two’ signals a unique position within a series.
A: word: dengang	 gloss: with
B: word: tajam	 gloss: be.sharp
C: word: sore	 gloss: afternoon
D: word: jam	 gloss: hour
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 277:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ini suda jam ___ malam
Gloss (with missing item): D.PROX already hour ___ night
The English translation of this sentence is:‘this is already two o’clock at night’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_8.71}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}), the opposition between the pre- and posthead positions is illustrated with (near) contrastive examples. In (\ref{Example_8.71}) prehead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ designates the absolute number of items expressed by its head. In (\ref{Example_8.72}) posthead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ modifies a head nominal undifferentiated in terms of its ranking, whereby it signals the exhaustivity of its referent. In (\ref{Example_8.73}) posthead \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ signals a unique position within a series.
A: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
B: word: dua	 gloss: two
C: word: mana	 gloss: where
D: word: kedua	 gloss: second
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 278:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... brarti suda ___ orang bisa masuk
Gloss (with missing item): ... mean already ___ person be.able enter
The English translation of this sentence is:[About local elections:] ‘... that means that already four people can be included (in the list of nominees)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The data in (\ref{Example_8.63}) to (\ref{Example_8.73}) suggests that the \textsc{nn}um order is favored in more specific and \isi{definite} constructions, namely to signal exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents or unique positions within series or sequences. The \textsc{n}um\textsc{n} order, by contrast, is associated with less specific or less \isi{definite} constructions which express the absolute number of items denoted by the head nominal. These patterns contrast with \citegen[284]{Greenberg.1978b} cross-linguistic findings concerning the word order in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal numerals:
A: word: tempat	 gloss: place
B: word: empat	 gloss: four
C: word: itu	 gloss: D.DIST
D: word: lima	 gloss: five
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B