cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 379:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong {dua} {bilang} Iskia, {Iskia} ko {temani,} ___ temani karna su larut malam sedikit
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL two say Iskia Iskia 2SG accompany ___ accompany because already be.protracted night few
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the two of us said to Iskia, ``you Iskia come with (us), you come with (us) because it’s already a bit late in the evening'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
B: word: kembang-api	 gloss: fire-cracker
C: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
D: word: natalia	 gloss: Natalia
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 380:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ {dia} {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, Martin ko jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3sg pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX Martin 2SG fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
B: word: martina	 gloss: Martina
C: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: siapa	 gloss: who
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 381:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {Martin} ___ {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, Martin ko jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): Martin ___ pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX Martin 2SG fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: ade	 gloss: LIG
B: word: diai	 gloss: 3SG
C: word: dɪa	 gloss: 3SG
D: word: dia	 gloss: 3sg
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 382:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {Martin} {dia} {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, ___ ko jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): Martin 3sg pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX ___ 2SG fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: itu	 gloss: D.DIST
B: word: siapa	 gloss: who
C: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
D: word: martina	 gloss: Martina
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 383:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {Martin} {dia} {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, Martin ___ jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): Martin 3sg pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX Martin ___ fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
B: word: nusa	 gloss: Nusa
C: word: papeda	 gloss: sagu.porridge
D: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 384:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... tida perna dia liat, ___ [sungay ko] bisa terbuka begini
Gloss (with missing item): ... NEG once 3SG see ___ river 2SG be.able be.opened like.this
The English translation of this sentence is:[Seeing the ocean for the first time:] ‘[never before has he seen, what, a river that is so very big like this ocean,] never before has he seen you, you river can be wide like this?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
B: word: cantik	 gloss: be.beautiful
C: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
D: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 385:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... tida perna dia liat, [ko] ___ ko] bisa terbuka begini
Gloss (with missing item): ... NEG once 3SG see 2SG ___ 2SG be.able be.opened like.this
The English translation of this sentence is:[Seeing the ocean for the first time:] ‘[never before has he seen, what, a river that is so very big like this ocean,] never before has he seen you, you river can be wide like this?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: air	 gloss: water
B: word: sungay	 gloss: river
C: word: langsung	 gloss: immediately
D: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 386:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... tida perna dia liat, [ko] [sungay ___ bisa terbuka begini
Gloss (with missing item): ... NEG once 3SG see 2SG river ___ be.able be.opened like.this
The English translation of this sentence is:[Seeing the ocean for the first time:] ‘[never before has he seen, what, a river that is so very big like this ocean,] never before has he seen you, you river can be wide like this?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This explanation also applies to \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase apostrophes in Papuan Malay as illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}). Structurally, these utterances resemble direct quotations. Contrasting with the \isi{direct speech} situations in (\ref{Example_6.51}) to (\ref{Example_6.54}), however, the addressed referents were not present when the utterances occurred. And in contrast to the \isi{reported speech} situation in (\ref{Example_6.57}) and (\ref{Example_6.58}), the speakers in (\ref{Example_6.59}) to (\ref{Example_6.61}) do not relate direct quotes. Instead, they “turn away” from their audience to “address a second audience” of human or nonhuman referents.
A: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
B: word: naik	 gloss: climb
C: word: brapa	 gloss: several
D: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 387:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ {dia} {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, Martin ko jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3sg pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX Martin 2SG fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The example in (\ref{Example_6.59}) is part of a story about a fight between \textitbf{its gloss ___} and \textitbf{Fitri}, with the speaker relating how \textitbf{its gloss ___} attacked \textitbf{Fitri}. Notably, neither \textitbf{its gloss ___} nor \textitbf{Fitri} were present when the speaker recounted the incident. When mentioned the first time, \textitbf{its gloss ___} is marked as a third-person actor, as is typical of narratives with non-speech-act participants. Later in the discourse, however, \textitbf{its gloss ___} is marked as the addressee. More specifically, the speaker first refers to \textitbf{its gloss ___} with the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ dia lewat} ‘its gloss ___ went past’ (literally ‘he its gloss ___’) (see also §\ref{Para_6.2.1.2}). Next, the speaker refers to \textitbf{its gloss ___} with the third person singular \isi{pronoun} in \textitbf{de lompat} ‘he jumped’. Now \textitbf{Fitri} returns the attack and kicks \textitbf{its gloss ___} badly. At this point, the speaker interrupts the flow of her narrative about the two non-speech-act participants and employs the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ ko} ‘you its gloss ___’ to relate that \textitbf{its gloss ___} fell to the ground. In turning away from her audience and addressing absent \textitbf{its gloss ___}, the speaker gives “emotional impetus” to the fact that \textitbf{its gloss ___} went down after having been kicked by a woman, thereby creating an emotional reaction in her audience.
A: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
B: word: siapa	 gloss: who
C: word: ana	 gloss: child
D: word: martina	 gloss: Martina
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 388:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {Martin} ___ {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, Martin ko jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): Martin ___ pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX Martin 2SG fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The example in (\ref{Example_6.59}) is part of a story about a fight between \textitbf{Martin} and \textitbf{Fitri}, with the speaker relating how \textitbf{Martin} attacked \textitbf{Fitri}. Notably, neither \textitbf{Martin} nor \textitbf{Fitri} were present when the speaker recounted the incident. When mentioned the first time, \textitbf{Martin} is marked as a third-person actor, as is typical of narratives with non-speech-act participants. Later in the discourse, however, \textitbf{Martin} is marked as the addressee. More specifically, the speaker first refers to \textitbf{Martin} with the \textsc{np} \textsc{its gloss ___} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Martin the morpheme ___ lewat} ‘Martin went past’ (literally ‘he Martin’) (see also §\ref{Para_6.2.1.2}). Next, the speaker refers to \textitbf{Martin} with the third person singular \isi{pronoun} in \textitbf{de lompat} ‘he jumped’. Now \textitbf{Fitri} returns the attack and kicks \textitbf{Martin} badly. At this point, the speaker interrupts the flow of her narrative about the two non-speech-act participants and employs the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Martin ko} ‘you Martin’ to relate that \textitbf{Martin} fell to the ground. In turning away from her audience and addressing absent \textitbf{Martin}, the speaker gives “emotional impetus” to the fact that \textitbf{Martin} went down after having been kicked by a woman, thereby creating an emotional reaction in her audience.
A: word: dia	 gloss: 3sg
B: word: diai	 gloss: 3SG
C: word: maytua	 gloss: wife
D: word: dɪa	 gloss: 3SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 389:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {Martin} {dia} {lewat} {tete,} {de} {lompat} {mo} pukul Fitri ... Fitri kas naik kaki di sini, ___ ko jatu, dia lari ke mari, dia mo pukul Fitri
Gloss (with missing item): Martin 3sg pass.by grandfather 3sg jump want hit Fitri ... Fitri give ascend foot at L.PROX ___ 2SG fall 3SG run to hither 3SG want hit Fitri
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a fight between Fitri and Martin:] ‘Martin went past grandfather, he jumped (and) wanted to hit Fitri [and Fitri caught his foot and] Fitri kicked (Martin) here, you Martin fell, (then) he ran (over) here, he wanted to hit Fitri’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The example in (\ref{Example_6.59}) is part of a story about a fight between \textitbf{its gloss ___} and \textitbf{Fitri}, with the speaker relating how \textitbf{its gloss ___} attacked \textitbf{Fitri}. Notably, neither \textitbf{its gloss ___} nor \textitbf{Fitri} were present when the speaker recounted the incident. When mentioned the first time, \textitbf{its gloss ___} is marked as a third-person actor, as is typical of narratives with non-speech-act participants. Later in the discourse, however, \textitbf{its gloss ___} is marked as the addressee. More specifically, the speaker first refers to \textitbf{its gloss ___} with the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ dia lewat} ‘its gloss ___ went past’ (literally ‘he its gloss ___’) (see also §\ref{Para_6.2.1.2}). Next, the speaker refers to \textitbf{its gloss ___} with the third person singular \isi{pronoun} in \textitbf{de lompat} ‘he jumped’. Now \textitbf{Fitri} returns the attack and kicks \textitbf{its gloss ___} badly. At this point, the speaker interrupts the flow of her narrative about the two non-speech-act participants and employs the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ ko} ‘you its gloss ___’ to relate that \textitbf{its gloss ___} fell to the ground. In turning away from her audience and addressing absent \textitbf{its gloss ___}, the speaker gives “emotional impetus” to the fact that \textitbf{its gloss ___} went down after having been kicked by a woman, thereby creating an emotional reaction in her audience.
A: word: martina	 gloss: Martina
B: word: siapa	 gloss: who
C: word: mambramo	 gloss: Mambramo
D: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D