cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 190:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bapa ___ dua pulang hari minggu cepat
Gloss (with missing item): father ___ two go.home day Sunday be.fast
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father and he returned home quickly on Sunday’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay inclusory \isi{conjunction} constructions, that is, ``\textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{(dua) dengang} \textsc{np}’ constructions, are also distinct from ``\textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl}'' \isi{noun} phrases with an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading. The pragmatic differences between the constituent order found in (\ref{Example_6.26}) to (\ref{Example_6.29}) as compared to that found in (\ref{Example_6.33}) are similar to the differences found in \ili{Toqabaqit}, another \ili{Austronesian} language, as observed by \citet[27]{Lichtenberk.2000}: the contrast concerns “the relative degrees of discourse salience of the two sets of participants, the overtly and the covertly encoded ones”. This contrast also applies to Papuan Malay. In (\ref{Example_6.28}) to (\ref{Example_6.29}), the covertly encoded participants subsumed under the adnominal dual constructions are more salient and therefore mentioned first. The overtly encoded participants, by contrast, are less salient and therefore mentioned second. In the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase in (\ref{Example_6.33}), by contrast, the overtly encoded participant \textitbf{bapa} ‘father’ is more salient and therefore mentioned first. The covertly encoded participants subsumed under the adnominal dual construction \textitbf{the morpheme ___ dua} ‘they two’ are less salient and of subordinate status. (For details on \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases with an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading, see §\ref{Para_6.2.2.2}.)
A: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
B: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
D: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 191:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bapa dorang ___ pulang hari minggu cepat
Gloss (with missing item): father 3PL ___ go.home day Sunday be.fast
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father and he returned home quickly on Sunday’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay inclusory \isi{conjunction} constructions, that is, ``\textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{(the morpheme ___) dengang} \textsc{np}’ constructions, are also distinct from ``\textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl}'' \isi{noun} phrases with an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading. The pragmatic differences between the constituent order found in (\ref{Example_6.26}) to (\ref{Example_6.29}) as compared to that found in (\ref{Example_6.33}) are similar to the differences found in \ili{Toqabaqit}, another \ili{Austronesian} language, as observed by \citet[27]{Lichtenberk.2000}: the contrast concerns “the relative degrees of discourse salience of the its gloss ___ sets of participants, the overtly and the covertly encoded ones”. This contrast also applies to Papuan Malay. In (\ref{Example_6.28}) to (\ref{Example_6.29}), the covertly encoded participants subsumed under the adnominal the morpheme ___l constructions are more salient and therefore mentioned first. The overtly encoded participants, by contrast, are less salient and therefore mentioned second. In the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase in (\ref{Example_6.33}), by contrast, the overtly encoded participant \textitbf{bapa} ‘father’ is more salient and therefore mentioned first. The covertly encoded participants subsumed under the adnominal the morpheme ___l construction \textitbf{dorang the morpheme ___} ‘they its gloss ___’ are less salient and of subordinate status. (For details on \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases with an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading, see §\ref{Para_6.2.2.2}.)
A: word: mambramo	 gloss: Mambramo
B: word: kedua	 gloss: second
C: word: dua	 gloss: two
D: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 192:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bapa tong mo sembayang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ father 1PL want worship
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we mother and father want to worship’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: cantik	 gloss: be.beautiful
B: word: orang-tua	 gloss: parent
C: word: mama	 gloss: mother
D: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 193:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama ___ tong mo sembayang
Gloss (with missing item): mother ___ 1PL want worship
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we mother and father want to worship’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: yang	 gloss: REL
B: word: bapa-ade	 gloss: uncle
C: word: bapa	 gloss: father
D: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 194:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama bapa ___ mo sembayang
Gloss (with missing item): mother father ___ want worship
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we mother and father want to worship’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: kitong	 gloss: 1PL
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
D: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 195:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ deng bapa dong su meninggal
Gloss (with missing item): ___ with father 3PL already die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they mother and father have already died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: mama	 gloss: mother
B: word: orang-tua	 gloss: parent
C: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
D: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 196:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama ___ bapa dong su meninggal
Gloss (with missing item): mother ___ father 3PL already die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they mother and father have already died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined its gloss ___out an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked its gloss ___ an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{the morpheme ___ang} ‘its gloss ___’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: bangsat	 gloss: rascal
B: word: deng	 gloss: with
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: dengang	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 197:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama deng ___ dong su meninggal
Gloss (with missing item): mother with ___ 3PL already die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they mother and father have already died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
B: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
C: word: bapa	 gloss: father
D: word: bapa-ade	 gloss: uncle
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 198:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama deng bapa ___ su meninggal
Gloss (with missing item): mother with father ___ already die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘they mother and father have already died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
B: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: maytua	 gloss: wife
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 199:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bapa tong mo sembayang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ father 1PL want worship
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we mother and father want to worship’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
B: word: orang-tua	 gloss: parent
C: word: mama	 gloss: mother
D: word: anging	 gloss: wind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 200:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama ___ tong mo sembayang
Gloss (with missing item): mother ___ 1PL want worship
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we mother and father want to worship’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: agus	 gloss: Agus
B: word: bapa	 gloss: father
C: word: bapa-ade	 gloss: uncle
D: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 201:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mama bapa ___ mo sembayang
Gloss (with missing item): mother father ___ want worship
The English translation of this sentence is:‘we mother and father want to worship’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
B: word: hurki	 gloss: Hurki
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: kitong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 202:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... ___ e Herman Nusa, em, Oktofina kamu duduk situ
Gloss (with missing item): ... ___ uh Herman Nusa uh Oktofina 2PL sit L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[in the evening (I said),] ``you (pl) Hurki, uh Herman, Nusa, uh Oktofina sit there'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: hancurkang	 gloss: shatter
B: word: fredi	 gloss: Fredi
C: word: hurki	 gloss: Hurki
D: word: ade	 gloss: LIG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 203:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... Hurki e ___ Nusa, em, Oktofina kamu duduk situ
Gloss (with missing item): ... Hurki uh ___ Nusa uh Oktofina 2PL sit L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[in the evening (I said),] ``you (pl) Hurki, uh Herman, Nusa, uh Oktofina sit there'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, by contrast, the final constituent that sums up the set of conjuncts is a plural \isi{pronoun}. This is illustrated in the examples in (\ref{Example_6.34}) to (\ref{Example_6.36}). The set can consist of just two conjuncts as in (\ref{Example_6.34}), or of three or more as in (\ref{Example_6.35}). Typically the conjuncts are conjoined without an overt coordinator, as in (\ref{Example_6.34}) and (\ref{Example_6.35}). When the set of conjuncts is limited to two, as in (\ref{Example_6.36}), the conjuncts may also be linked with an overt coordinator, usually \isi{comitative} \textitbf{dengang} ‘with’. (For details on the combining of \isi{noun} phrases, see §\ref{Para_14.2}.)
A: word: mama	 gloss: mother
B: word: herman	 gloss: Herman
C: word: fredi	 gloss: Fredi
D: word: mandi	 gloss: bathe
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B