cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 603:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi nene kitorang ___ masak
Gloss (with missing item): so grandmother 1PL ___ cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
B: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
C: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
D: word: satu	 gloss: one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 604:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... di mana ___ dong gong-gong
Gloss (with missing item): ... at where ___ 3PL bark(.at)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I just ran closing in on the pig] where the dogs were barking’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: banjir	 gloss: flooding
B: word: petrus	 gloss: Petrus
C: word: anjing	 gloss: dog
D: word: martina	 gloss: Martina
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 605:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... di mana anjing ___ gong-gong
Gloss (with missing item): ... at where dog ___ bark(.at)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I just ran closing in on the pig] where the dogs were barking’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: mama	 gloss: mother
D: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 606:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {\bluebold{laki\Tildelaki}} ___ dua sapu
Gloss (with missing item): RDP\Tildehusband ___ two sweep
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you two boys sweep’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
B: word: kace	 gloss: Kace
C: word: kamar	 gloss: room
D: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 607:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {\bluebold{laki\Tildelaki}} kam ___ sapu
Gloss (with missing item): RDP\Tildehusband 2PL ___ sweep
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you two boys sweep’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to its gloss ___, speakers very often use a the morpheme ___l construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{the morpheme ___}''. In such a construction, the its gloss ___ referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: dua	 gloss: two
B: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
C: word: kedua	 gloss: second
D: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 608:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dorang dua ini ke atas
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3PL two D.PROX to top
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the two men here (went) up (there)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: anjing	 gloss: dog
B: word: pace	 gloss: man
C: word: bapa	 gloss: father
D: word: mace	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 609:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): pace ___ dua ini ke atas
Gloss (with missing item): man ___ two D.PROX to top
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the two men here (went) up (there)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: dua	 gloss: two
B: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 610:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): pace dorang ___ ini ke atas
Gloss (with missing item): man 3PL ___ D.PROX to top
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the two men here (went) up (there)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to its gloss ___, speakers very often use a the morpheme ___l construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{the morpheme ___}''. In such a construction, the its gloss ___ referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: rahab	 gloss: Rahab
B: word: kedua	 gloss: second
C: word: dua	 gloss: two
D: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 611:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): pace dorang dua ___ ke atas
Gloss (with missing item): man 3PL two ___ to top
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the two men here (went) up (there)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}) the number of referents is left unspecified. When this number is limited to two, speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}''. In such a construction, the two referents are not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the postposed adnominal \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’, as in (\ref{Example_6.93}) and (\ref{Example_6.94}).
A: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
B: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
C: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
D: word: eferdina	 gloss: Eferdina
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 612:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Oktofina kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Oktofina 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In her cross-linguistic semantic analysis of \isi{associative} plurals, \citet[470–471]{Moravcsik.2003} defines “\isi{associative} plurals as “constructions whose meaning is ‘X and X’s associate(s)’, where all members are individuals, X is the focal referent, and the associate(s) form a group centering around X”. In Papuan Malay, the focal referent is always encoded with a \isi{noun} or \isi{noun} phrase heading the phrasal construction, while the associates are encoded with a post-head plural \isi{pronoun}. In (\ref{Example_6.95}) and (\ref{Example_6.96}), for instance, \textitbf{Lodia} and \textitbf{Pawlus} are the focal referents while the pronouns \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ and \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ denote the associates, respectively.
A: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
B: word: mantang	 gloss: former
C: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
D: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 613:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ___ kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt ___ 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In her cross-linguistic semantic analysis of \isi{associative} plurals, \citet[470–471]{Moravcsik.2003} defines “\isi{associative} plurals as “constructions whose meaning is ‘X and X’s associate(s)’, where all members are individuals, X is the focal referent, and the associate(s) form a group centering around X”. In Papuan Malay, the focal referent is always encoded with a \isi{noun} or \isi{noun} phrase heading the phrasal construction, while the associates are encoded with a post-head plural \isi{pronoun}. In (\ref{Example_6.95}) and (\ref{Example_6.96}), for instance, \textitbf{Lodia} and \textitbf{Pawlus} are the focal referents while the pronouns \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ and \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ denote the associates, respectively.
A: word: oktofernus	 gloss: Oktofernus
B: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
C: word: masarakat	 gloss: community
D: word: saya	 gloss: 1SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 614:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta Oktofina ___ pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt Oktofina ___ go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In her cross-linguistic semantic analysis of \isi{associative} plurals, \citet[470–471]{Moravcsik.2003} defines “\isi{associative} plurals as “constructions whose meaning is ‘X and X’s associate(s)’, where all members are individuals, X is the focal referent, and the associate(s) form a group centering around X”. In Papuan Malay, the focal referent is always encoded with a \isi{noun} or \isi{noun} phrase heading the phrasal construction, while the associates are encoded with a post-head plural \isi{pronoun}. In (\ref{Example_6.95}) and (\ref{Example_6.96}), for instance, \textitbf{Lodia} and \textitbf{Pawlus} are the focal referents while the pronouns \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ and \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ denote the associates, respectively.
A: word: kamar	 gloss: room
B: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 615:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ada mara ___ dorang
Gloss (with missing item): aunt exist be.angry ___ 3PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘aunt is being angry with Pawlus and his companions including Pawlus’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In her cross-linguistic semantic analysis of \isi{associative} plurals, \citet[470–471]{Moravcsik.2003} defines “\isi{associative} plurals as “constructions whose meaning is ‘X and X’s associate(s)’, where all members are individuals, X is the focal referent, and the associate(s) form a group centering around X”. In Papuan Malay, the focal referent is always encoded with a \isi{noun} or \isi{noun} phrase heading the phrasal construction, while the associates are encoded with a post-head plural \isi{pronoun}. In (\ref{Example_6.95}) and (\ref{Example_6.96}), for instance, \textitbf{Lodia} and \textitbf{its gloss ___} are the focal referents while the pronouns \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ and \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ denote the associates, respectively.
A: word: glas	 gloss: glass
B: word: pawla	 gloss: Pawla
C: word: pawlus	 gloss: Pawlus
D: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 616:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ada mara Pawlus ___
Gloss (with missing item): aunt exist be.angry Pawlus ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘aunt is being angry with Pawlus and his companions including Pawlus’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In her cross-linguistic semantic analysis of \isi{associative} plurals, \citet[470–471]{Moravcsik.2003} defines “\isi{associative} plurals as “constructions whose meaning is ‘X and X’s associate(s)’, where all members are individuals, X is the focal referent, and the associate(s) form a group centering around X”. In Papuan Malay, the focal referent is always encoded with a \isi{noun} or \isi{noun} phrase heading the phrasal construction, while the associates are encoded with a post-head plural \isi{pronoun}. In (\ref{Example_6.95}) and (\ref{Example_6.96}), for instance, \textitbf{Lodia} and \textitbf{Pawlus} are the focal referents while the pronouns \textitbf{torang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ denote the associates, respectively.
A: word: smua	 gloss: all
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 617:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Oktofina kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Oktofina 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases is not only \isi{associative}, however. Adopting \citegen[479]{Moravcsik.2003} analysis, the reading of such \isi{noun} phrases is also “inclusory”, in that “all members of the plural set are summarily referred to by a \isi{pronoun}” (see also \citealt[25]{Haspelmath.2004}; \citealt{Gil.2009}). That is, the reference of the plural \isi{pronoun} in a Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase includes the reference of the focal referent, such that ``\textsc{pro} including X''. In (\ref{Example_6.95}), for instance, the \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{kam} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ includes not only the companions and the speaker, but all members of the plural set, “including \textitbf{Oktofina}”. That is, the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Oktofina kam} does not signal an additive relation in the sense of ``Oktofina plus you companions''. Likewise in (\ref{Example_6.96}), the reference of \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ includes not only the associates of the focal referent \textitbf{Pawlus}, but all members of the plural set, ``including Pawlus''.
A: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
B: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
C: word: kace	 gloss: Kace
D: word: mantang	 gloss: former
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A