cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 656:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ___ kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt ___ 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
B: word: prempuang	 gloss: 10pt
C: word: nama–nya	 gloss: name–3POSSR
D: word: oktofernus	 gloss: Oktofernus
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 657:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta Oktofina ___ pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt Oktofina ___ go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
B: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: kamar	 gloss: room
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 658:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Oktofina kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Oktofina 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: mace	 gloss: woman
B: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
C: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
D: word: mantang	 gloss: former
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 659:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ___ kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt ___ 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
B: word: oktofernus	 gloss: Oktofernus
C: word: takut	 gloss: feel.afraid(.of)
D: word: puti	 gloss: be.white
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 660:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta Oktofina ___ pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt Oktofina ___ go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: kamar	 gloss: room
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: dengang	 gloss: with
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 661:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Oktofina kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Oktofina 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
B: word: mantang	 gloss: former
C: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
D: word: orang	 gloss: person
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 662:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ___ kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt ___ 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: prempuang	 gloss: 10pt
B: word: ombak	 gloss: wave
C: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
D: word: oktofernus	 gloss: Oktofernus
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 663:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta Oktofina ___ pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt Oktofina ___ go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Typically, the associates are encoded with the third person plural \isi{pronoun}. Less frequently, the associates are encoded with the first person plural \isi{pronoun}, as in (\ref{Example_6.95}), repeated as (\ref{Example_6.101}), or with the second person plural \isi{pronoun} as in (\ref{Example_6.101}) and (\ref{Example_6.102}). In \isi{associative} inclusory expressions formed with the second person plural \isi{pronoun}, the focal referent is typically the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.101}). Alternatively, although much less often, one of the associates can be the addressee as in (\ref{Example_6.102}) (the focal referent \textitbf{Lodia} was not present during this conversation).
A: word: mama	 gloss: mother
B: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
C: word: kamar	 gloss: room
D: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 664:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Oktofina kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Oktofina 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.95}) to (\ref{Example_6.102}), the number of referents is not specified. When only two participants are involved, however, that is the focal referent plus one associate, Papuan Malay speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}'', as in (\ref{Example_6.103}). Like dual constructions with an additive reading (§\ref{Para_6.2.2.1}), the associate is not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the post-head \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’.
A: word: mantang	 gloss: former
B: word: miflal	 gloss: Miflal
C: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
D: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 665:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ___ kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt ___ 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.95}) to (\ref{Example_6.102}), the number of referents is not specified. When only two participants are involved, however, that is the focal referent plus one associate, Papuan Malay speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}'', as in (\ref{Example_6.103}). Like dual constructions with an additive reading (§\ref{Para_6.2.2.1}), the associate is not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the post-head \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’.
A: word: oktofernus	 gloss: Oktofernus
B: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
C: word: omong	 gloss: way.of.talking
D: word: kace	 gloss: Kace
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 666:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta Oktofina ___ pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt Oktofina ___ go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.95}) to (\ref{Example_6.102}), the number of referents is not specified. When only two participants are involved, however, that is the focal referent plus one associate, Papuan Malay speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}'', as in (\ref{Example_6.103}). Like dual constructions with an additive reading (§\ref{Para_6.2.2.1}), the associate is not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the post-head \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’.
A: word: kamar	 gloss: room
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: puti	 gloss: be.white
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 667:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ kitong dua kluar mo pergi cari pinang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1PL two go.out want go search betel.nut
The English translation of this sentence is:‘uncle and I went out and wanted to look for betel nuts’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.95}) to (\ref{Example_6.102}), the number of referents is not specified. When only two participants are involved, however, that is the focal referent plus one associate, Papuan Malay speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}'', as in (\ref{Example_6.103}). Like dual constructions with an additive reading (§\ref{Para_6.2.2.1}), the associate is not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the post-head \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’.
A: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
B: word: lompat	 gloss: jump
C: word: deng	 gloss: with
D: word: om	 gloss: uncle
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 668:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): om ___ dua kluar mo pergi cari pinang
Gloss (with missing item): uncle ___ two go.out want go search betel.nut
The English translation of this sentence is:‘uncle and I went out and wanted to look for betel nuts’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.95}) to (\ref{Example_6.102}), the number of referents is not specified. When only two participants are involved, however, that is the focal referent plus one associate, Papuan Malay speakers very often use a dual construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{dua}'', as in (\ref{Example_6.103}). Like dual constructions with an additive reading (§\ref{Para_6.2.2.1}), the associate is not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the post-head \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua} ‘two’.
A: word: kitong	 gloss: 1PL
B: word: kitorang	 gloss: 1PL
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 669:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): om kitong ___ kluar mo pergi cari pinang
Gloss (with missing item): uncle 1PL ___ go.out want go search betel.nut
The English translation of this sentence is:‘uncle and I went out and wanted to look for betel nuts’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.95}) to (\ref{Example_6.102}), the number of referents is not specified. When only its gloss ___ participants are involved, however, that is the focal referent plus one associate, Papuan Malay speakers very often use a the morpheme ___l construction, such that ``bare \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \textitbf{the morpheme ___}'', as in (\ref{Example_6.103}). Like the morpheme ___l constructions with an additive reading (§\ref{Para_6.2.2.1}), the associate is not explicitly mentioned but subsumed under the post-head \isi{numeral} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’.
A: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
B: word: kedua	 gloss: second
C: word: dua	 gloss: two
D: word: cantik	 gloss: be.beautiful
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 670:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ise ko tinggal di sini suda deng ___ dorang!
Gloss (with missing item): Ise 2SG stay at L.PROX just with ___ 3PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Ise just stay here with aunt and her companions including aunt!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As for the lexical classes employed in \isi{associative plural} expressions, \citet[3]{Daniel.2013} observe “a clear preference for \isi{associative} plurals formed from proper names over kin terms over non-kin human common nouns over nonhuman nouns”. This also applies to Papuan Malay, in that the focal referents in \isi{associative} inclusory expressions are formed from human nouns while nonhuman animate focal referents are unattested. Among human nouns in the corpus, however, kin terms as in (\ref{Example_6.98}) are more common than proper names as in (\ref{Example_6.95}). This has to do with the fact that culturally people prefer not to use proper names, if they have another option, especially if the person is older and/or present. In addition, although not very often, \isi{associative plural} expressions are formed from non-kin terms such as the title \isi{noun} expression \textitbf{bapa desa} ‘father mayor’ in (\ref{Example_6.97}), or the common \isi{noun} \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ in (\ref{Example_6.99}). (See also {Moravcsik 2003: 471–473}.)
A: word: mama-tua	 gloss: aunt
B: word: dengang	 gloss: with
C: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
D: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A