cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 575:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [Ise ___ su datang
Gloss (with missing item): Ise ___ already come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Ise and her companions including herself already came’ (Lit. ‘Ise they’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The examples in (\ref{Example_6.88}) and (\ref{Example_6.89}) also show that \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases have two readings.
A: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: mace	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 576:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dong] snang skali
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3PL feel.happy(.about) very
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the young people feel very happy’ (Lit. ‘youth they’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First with an \isi{indefinite} referent, such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_6.88}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases have an additive plural reading. Second with a \isi{definite} referent such as \textitbf{Ise} in (\ref{Example_6.89}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases receive an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading. This makes Papuan Malay belong to the large group of languages in Asia where the “\isi{associative plural} marker [{\ldots}] is also used to express additive plurals” \citep[5–6]{Daniel.2013}.
A: word: mama	 gloss: mother
B: word: blas	 gloss: teens
C: word: pe–muda	 gloss: AG–be.young
D: word: pemuda	 gloss: youth
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 577:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [pemuda ___ snang skali
Gloss (with missing item): youth ___ feel.happy(.about) very
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the young people feel very happy’ (Lit. ‘youth they’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First with an \isi{indefinite} referent, such as \textitbf{pemuda} ‘youth’ in (\ref{Example_6.88}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases have an additive plural reading. Second with a \isi{definite} referent such as \textitbf{Ise} in (\ref{Example_6.89}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases receive an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading. This makes Papuan Malay belong to the large group of languages in Asia where the “\isi{associative plural} marker [{\ldots}] is also used to express additive plurals” \citep[5–6]{Daniel.2013}.
A: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
B: word: miflal	 gloss: Miflal
C: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 578:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dong] su datang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3PL already come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Ise and her companions including herself already came’ (Lit. ‘Ise they’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First with an \isi{indefinite} referent, such as \textitbf{pemuda} ‘youth’ in (\ref{Example_6.88}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases have an additive plural reading. Second with a \isi{definite} referent such as \textitbf{its gloss ___} in (\ref{Example_6.89}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases receive an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading. This makes Papuan Malay belong to the large group of languages in Asia where the “\isi{associative plural} marker [{\ldots}] is also used to express additive plurals” \citep[5–6]{Daniel.2013}.
A: word: pendeta	 gloss: pastor
B: word: andi	 gloss: Andi
C: word: ise	 gloss: Ise
D: word: bisa	 gloss: be.able
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 579:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [Ise ___ su datang
Gloss (with missing item): Ise ___ already come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Ise and her companions including herself already came’ (Lit. ‘Ise they’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: First with an \isi{indefinite} referent, such as \textitbf{pemuda} ‘youth’ in (\ref{Example_6.88}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases have an additive plural reading. Second with a \isi{definite} referent such as \textitbf{Ise} in (\ref{Example_6.89}), \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases receive an \isi{associative} inclusory plural reading. This makes Papuan Malay belong to the large group of languages in Asia where the “\isi{associative plural} marker [{\ldots}] is also used to express additive plurals” \citep[5–6]{Daniel.2013}.
A: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: pemuda	 gloss: youth
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 580:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi ___ kitorang ini masak
Gloss (with missing item): so ___ 1PL D.PROX cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: bapa	 gloss: father
B: word: beneraf	 gloss: Beneraf
C: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
D: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 581:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi nene ___ ini masak
Gloss (with missing item): so grandmother ___ D.PROX cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: kitorang	 gloss: 1PL
D: word: torang	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 582:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi nene kitorang ___ masak
Gloss (with missing item): so grandmother 1PL ___ cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
B: word: ise	 gloss: Ise
C: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
D: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 583:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... di mana ___ dong gong-gong
Gloss (with missing item): ... at where ___ 3PL bark(.at)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I just ran closing in on the pig] where the dogs were barking’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: petrus	 gloss: Petrus
B: word: anjing	 gloss: dog
C: word: banjir	 gloss: flooding
D: word: mama	 gloss: mother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 584:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... di mana anjing ___ gong-gong
Gloss (with missing item): ... at where dog ___ bark(.at)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I just ran closing in on the pig] where the dogs were barking’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: waim	 gloss: Waim
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 585:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi ___ kitorang ini masak
Gloss (with missing item): so ___ 1PL D.PROX cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: beneraf	 gloss: Beneraf
B: word: eferdina	 gloss: Eferdina
C: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
D: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 586:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi nene ___ ini masak
Gloss (with missing item): so grandmother ___ D.PROX cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: kitorang	 gloss: 1PL
B: word: torang	 gloss: 1PL
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 587:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi nene kitorang ___ masak
Gloss (with missing item): so grandmother 1PL ___ cook
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so we grandmothers here cook’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{bangsat} ‘rascal’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
B: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
C: word: pendeta	 gloss: pastor
D: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 588:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ kamu tu tinggal lari ke sana ke mari
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2PL D.DIST stay run to L.DIST to hither
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you rascals there keep running back and forth’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-linguistically, the additive interpretation implies referential homogeneity of the group. That is, “every referent of the plural form is also a referent of the stem” \citep[1]{Daniel.2013}. This additive reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} is illustrated in (\ref{Example_6.90}) to (\ref{Example_6.92}). In (\ref{Example_6.90}), \textitbf{kitorang} ‘\textsc{1pl}’ denotes the plurality of its bare head nominal \textitbf{nene} ‘grandmother’, while in (\ref{Example_6.91}) \textitbf{kamu} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ signals the plurality of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, and in (\ref{Example_6.92}) \textitbf{dong} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ indicates the plurality of \textitbf{anjing} ‘dog’. These examples also show that the referent is always animate. It can be human as in (\ref{Example_6.90}) and (\ref{Example_6.91}), or nonhuman as in (\ref{Example_6.92}); inanimate referents are unattested.
A: word: langsung	 gloss: immediately
B: word: bangsat	 gloss: rascal
C: word: tinus	 gloss: Tinus
D: word: ambil	 gloss: fetch
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B