cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 444:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [Dodo ___ bilang, adu coba ko kas taw sa
Gloss (with missing item): Dodo ___ say oh.no! if.only 2SG give know 1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Dodo said, ``oh no, if only you had let me know'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_6.69}), the situation is an obvious one: the hearer \textitbf{Wili} has been irritating his \textitbf{tanta} ‘aunt’ and is told to stop doing this. In (\ref{Example_6.70}), the speaker illustrates local brithe morpheme ___-price customs with an example. The the morpheme ___terminer \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ marks the familiarity of the referent \textitbf{bapa} ‘father’. This in turn leads the interlocutor to interpret \textitbf{bapa} ‘father’ as the speaker’s husband. In (\ref{Example_6.71}), the interlocutors discuss motorbike problems. Sudthe morpheme ___nly, the speaker quotes what \textitbf{Dodo the morpheme ___} ‘Dodo’ (literally ‘he Dodo’) had said. \textitbf{Dodo} had not been mentioned earlier and was not present at this conversation. Determiner \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3sg}’, however, signals to the hearers that they are familiar with the referent which, in turn, leads them to interpret the referent as the speaker’s olthe morpheme ___r brother \textitbf{Dodo}.
A: word: dei	 gloss: 3sg
B: word: deng	 gloss: with
C: word: rahab	 gloss: Rahab
D: word: de	 gloss: 3SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 445:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... {pas} ketemu {deng} sa {pu} ___ nene, trus kaka {laki\Tildelaki,} mama-tua pu ana
Gloss (with missing item): ... precisely meet with 1SG POSS ___ grandmother next oSb {RDP\Tildehusband} aunt POSS child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I passed by (and) reached the village market there, I was sitting, standing there,] right then (I) met my grandmother, grandmother and then (my) older brother, aunt’s child’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, when introducing new protagonists, speakers typically introduce these individuals or entities with bare common or proper nouns. At their next mention, these non-speech-act participants are encoded with \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases, with the third person \isi{pronoun} marking the referents as \isi{definite}. This, in turn, signals to the hearers that they are assumed to be familiar with the referents. This strategy is illustrated with the two narrative extracts in (\ref{Example_6.72}) and (\ref{Example_6.73}).\footnote{Introducing new characters with a bare \isi{noun} and subsequently marking them as familiar with the adnominally used third person \isi{pronoun} as a potential discourse strategy in Papuan Malay was brought to the author’s attention by A. van Engelenhoven (p.c. 2013).}
A: word: mama-tua	 gloss: aunt
B: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
C: word: beneraf	 gloss: Beneraf
D: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 446:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... {pas} ketemu {deng} sa {pu} {nene,} ___ trus kaka {laki\Tildelaki,} mama-tua pu ana
Gloss (with missing item): ... precisely meet with 1SG POSS grandmother ___ next oSb {RDP\Tildehusband} aunt POSS child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I passed by (and) reached the village market there, I was sitting, standing there,] right then (I) met my grandmother, grandmother and then (my) older brother, aunt’s child’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, when introducing new protagonists, speakers typically introduce these individuals or entities with bare common or proper nouns. At their next mention, these non-speech-act participants are encoded with \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases, with the third person \isi{pronoun} marking the referents as \isi{definite}. This, in turn, signals to the hearers that they are assumed to be familiar with the referents. This strategy is illustrated with the two narrative extracts in (\ref{Example_6.72}) and (\ref{Example_6.73}).\footnote{Introducing new characters with a bare \isi{noun} and subsequently marking them as familiar with the adnominally used third person \isi{pronoun} as a potential discourse strategy in Papuan Malay was brought to the author’s attention by A. van Engelenhoven (p.c. 2013).}
A: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
B: word: cantik	 gloss: be.beautiful
C: word: beneraf	 gloss: Beneraf
D: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 447:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... ___ {yang} liat, {Rahab} de {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru de perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... ___ REL see Rahab 3SG {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then 3SG observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, when introducing new protagonists, speakers typically introduce these individuals or entities with bare common or proper nouns. At their next mention, these non-speech-act participants are encoded with \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases, with the third person \isi{pronoun} marking the referents as \isi{definite}. This, in turn, signals to the hearers that they are assumed to be familiar with the referents. This strategy is illustrated with the two narrative extracts in (\ref{Example_6.72}) and (\ref{Example_6.73}).\footnote{Introducing new characters with a bare \isi{noun} and subsequently marking them as familiar with the adnominally used third person \isi{pronoun} as a potential discourse strategy in Papuan Malay was brought to the author’s attention by A. van Engelenhoven (p.c. 2013).}
A: word: musa	 gloss: Musa
B: word: herman	 gloss: Herman
C: word: istirahat	 gloss: rest
D: word: rahab	 gloss: Rahab
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 448:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... {Rahab} {yang} liat, ___ de {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru de perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... Rahab REL see ___ 3SG {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then 3SG observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, when introducing new protagonists, speakers typically introduce these individuals or entities with bare common or proper nouns. At their next mention, these non-speech-act participants are encoded with \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases, with the third person \isi{pronoun} marking the referents as \isi{definite}. This, in turn, signals to the hearers that they are assumed to be familiar with the referents. This strategy is illustrated with the two narrative extracts in (\ref{Example_6.72}) and (\ref{Example_6.73}).\footnote{Introducing new characters with a bare \isi{noun} and subsequently marking them as familiar with the adnominally used third person \isi{pronoun} as a potential discourse strategy in Papuan Malay was brought to the author’s attention by A. van Engelenhoven (p.c. 2013).}
A: word: ambil	 gloss: fetch
B: word: rahab	 gloss: Rahab
C: word: istirahat	 gloss: rest
D: word: musa	 gloss: Musa
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 449:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... {Rahab} {yang} liat, {Rahab} ___ {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru de perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... Rahab REL see Rahab ___ {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then 3SG observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, when introducing new protagonists, speakers typically introduce these individuals or entities with bare common or proper nouns. At their next mention, these non-speech-act participants are encothe morpheme ___d with \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases, with the third person \isi{pronoun} marking the referents as \isi{the morpheme ___finite}. This, in turn, signals to the hearers that they are assumed to be familiar with the referents. This strategy is illustrated with the two narrative extracts in (\ref{Example_6.72}) and (\ref{Example_6.73}).\footnote{Introducing new characters with a bare \isi{noun} and subsequently marking them as familiar with the adnominally used third person \isi{pronoun} as a potential discourse strategy in Papuan Malay was brought to the author’s attention by A. van Engelenhoven (p.c. 2013).}
A: word: deng	 gloss: with
B: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: de	 gloss: 3SG
D: word: dei	 gloss: 3sg
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 450:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... {Rahab} {yang} liat, {Rahab} de {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru ___ perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... Rahab REL see Rahab 3SG {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then ___ observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, when introducing new protagonists, speakers typically introduce these individuals or entities with bare common or proper nouns. At their next mention, these non-speech-act participants are encothe morpheme ___d with \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases, with the third person \isi{pronoun} marking the referents as \isi{the morpheme ___finite}. This, in turn, signals to the hearers that they are assumed to be familiar with the referents. This strategy is illustrated with the two narrative extracts in (\ref{Example_6.72}) and (\ref{Example_6.73}).\footnote{Introducing new characters with a bare \isi{noun} and subsequently marking them as familiar with the adnominally used third person \isi{pronoun} as a potential discourse strategy in Papuan Malay was brought to the author’s attention by A. van Engelenhoven (p.c. 2013).}
A: word: deng	 gloss: with
B: word: de	 gloss: 3SG
C: word: dei	 gloss: 3sg
D: word: orang	 gloss: person
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 451:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... {pas} ketemu {deng} sa {pu} ___ nene, trus kaka {laki\Tildelaki,} mama-tua pu ana
Gloss (with missing item): ... precisely meet with 1SG POSS ___ grandmother next oSb {RDP\Tildehusband} aunt POSS child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I passed by (and) reached the village market there, I was sitting, standing there,] right then (I) met my grandmother, grandmother and then (my) older brother, aunt’s child’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The utterances in (\ref{Example_6.72}) are part of a narrative about some bad news that the speaker received from his its gloss ___. The speaker introduces his its gloss ___ as a new protagonist with the bare \isi{kinship term} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’. This introduction involves two mentions of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’; the \isi{repetition} gives the speaker time to reflect who it was that had been accompanying his its gloss ___ when they met. Following this introduction, the speaker employs the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{the morpheme ___ de} ‘its gloss ___’ (literally ‘she its gloss ___’), which marks the new character as given and familiar.
A: word: beneraf	 gloss: Beneraf
B: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
C: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
D: word: wili	 gloss: Wili
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 452:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... {pas} ketemu {deng} sa {pu} {nene,} ___ trus kaka {laki\Tildelaki,} mama-tua pu ana
Gloss (with missing item): ... precisely meet with 1SG POSS grandmother ___ next oSb {RDP\Tildehusband} aunt POSS child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[I passed by (and) reached the village market there, I was sitting, standing there,] right then (I) met my grandmother, grandmother and then (my) older brother, aunt’s child’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The utterances in (\ref{Example_6.72}) are part of a narrative about some bad news that the speaker received from his its gloss ___. The speaker introduces his its gloss ___ as a new protagonist with the bare \isi{kinship term} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’. This introduction involves two mentions of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’; the \isi{repetition} gives the speaker time to reflect who it was that had been accompanying his its gloss ___ when they met. Following this introduction, the speaker employs the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{the morpheme ___ de} ‘its gloss ___’ (literally ‘she its gloss ___’), which marks the new character as given and familiar.
A: word: mama	 gloss: mother
B: word: beneraf	 gloss: Beneraf
C: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
D: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 453:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... ___ {yang} liat, {Rahab} de {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru de perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... ___ REL see Rahab 3SG {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then 3SG observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The utterance in (\ref{Example_6.73}) occurred during a narrative about a bad-mannered intruder and a young woman named \textitbf{its gloss ___} who observed this person’s behavior. Employing a bare \isi{proper noun}, the speaker introduces \textitbf{its gloss ___} as a new character on the scene. At her next mention, this new protagonist is encoded by the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ de} ‘its gloss ___’ (literally ‘she its gloss ___’), which marks this non-speech-act participant as given and familiar. In the following, the speaker refers to \textitbf{its gloss ___} with the bare third person \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’.
A: word: musa	 gloss: Musa
B: word: istirahat	 gloss: rest
C: word: rahab	 gloss: Rahab
D: word: kaka	 gloss: oSb
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 454:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... {Rahab} {yang} liat, ___ de {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru de perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... Rahab REL see ___ 3SG {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then 3SG observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The utterance in (\ref{Example_6.73}) occurred during a narrative about a bad-mannered intruder and a young woman named \textitbf{its gloss ___} who observed this person’s behavior. Employing a bare \isi{proper noun}, the speaker introduces \textitbf{its gloss ___} as a new character on the scene. At her next mention, this new protagonist is encoded by the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ de} ‘its gloss ___’ (literally ‘she its gloss ___’), which marks this non-speech-act participant as given and familiar. In the following, the speaker refers to \textitbf{its gloss ___} with the bare third person \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’.
A: word: smua	 gloss: all
B: word: istirahat	 gloss: rest
C: word: rahab	 gloss: Rahab
D: word: musa	 gloss: Musa
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 455:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru {de} {{luda\Tildeluda}} keee, ... {Rahab} {yang} liat, {Rahab} ___ {jemur\Tildejemur} pakeang begini baru de perhatikang, ...
Gloss (with missing item): and.then 3SG {RDP\Tildespit} spoot! ... Rahab REL see Rahab ___ {RDP\Tildebe.dry} clothes like.this and.then 3SG observe ...
The English translation of this sentence is:[About a bad-mannered intruder:] ‘and then he was spitting ``spoot!'' ... (it was) Rahab who saw (it), Rahab was drying clothes at that moment, then she noticed ...’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The utterance in (\ref{Example_6.73}) occurred during a narrative about a bad-mannered intruthe morpheme ___r and a young woman named \textitbf{Rahab} who observed this person’s behavior. Employing a bare \isi{proper noun}, the speaker introduces \textitbf{Rahab} as a new character on the scene. At her next mention, this new protagonist is encothe morpheme ___d by the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Rahab the morpheme ___} ‘Rahab’ (literally ‘she Rahab’), which marks this non-speech-act participant as given and familiar. In the following, the speaker refers to \textitbf{Rahab} with the bare third person \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3sg}’.
A: word: de	 gloss: 3SG
B: word: dei	 gloss: 3sg
C: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
D: word: deng	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A