cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 618:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ___ kam pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt ___ 2PL go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases is not only \isi{associative}, however. Adopting \citegen[479]{Moravcsik.2003} analysis, the reading of such \isi{noun} phrases is also “inclusory”, in that “all members of the plural set are summarily referred to by a \isi{pronoun}” (see also \citealt[25]{Haspelmath.2004}; \citealt{Gil.2009}). That is, the reference of the plural \isi{pronoun} in a Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase includes the reference of the focal referent, such that ``\textsc{pro} including X''. In (\ref{Example_6.95}), for instance, the \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{kam} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ includes not only the companions and the speaker, but all members of the plural set, “including \textitbf{its gloss ___}”. That is, the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{its gloss ___ kam} does not signal an additive relation in the sense of ``its gloss ___ plus you companions''. Likewise in (\ref{Example_6.96}), the reference of \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ includes not only the associates of the focal referent \textitbf{Pawlus}, but all members of the plural set, ``including Pawlus''.
A: word: anjing	 gloss: dog
B: word: blanga	 gloss: cooking.pot
C: word: oktofernus	 gloss: Oktofernus
D: word: oktofina	 gloss: Oktofina
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 619:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta Oktofina ___ pulang jam brapa?
Gloss (with missing item): aunt Oktofina ___ go.home hour several
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what time did you aunt Oktofina and your companions including you (Oktofina) come home?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases is not only \isi{associative}, however. Adopting \citegen[479]{Moravcsik.2003} analysis, the reading of such \isi{noun} phrases is also “inclusory”, in that “all members of the plural set are summarily referred to by a \isi{pronoun}” (see also \citealt[25]{Haspelmath.2004}; \citealt{Gil.2009}). That is, the reference of the plural \isi{pronoun} in a Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase includes the reference of the focal referent, such that ``\textsc{pro} including X''. In (\ref{Example_6.95}), for instance, the \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ includes not only the companions and the speaker, but all members of the plural set, “including \textitbf{Oktofina}”. That is, the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Oktofina the morpheme ___} does not signal an additive relation in the sense of ``Oktofina plus you companions''. Likewise in (\ref{Example_6.96}), the reference of \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ includes not only the associates of the focal referent \textitbf{Pawlus}, but all members of the plural set, ``including Pawlus''.
A: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
B: word: kamar	 gloss: room
C: word: desa	 gloss: village
D: word: tong	 gloss: 1PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 620:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ada mara ___ dorang
Gloss (with missing item): aunt exist be.angry ___ 3PL
The English translation of this sentence is:‘aunt is being angry with Pawlus and his companions including Pawlus’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases is not only \isi{associative}, however. Adopting \citegen[479]{Moravcsik.2003} analysis, the reading of such \isi{noun} phrases is also “inclusory”, in that “all members of the plural set are summarily referred to by a \isi{pronoun}” (see also \citealt[25]{Haspelmath.2004}; \citealt{Gil.2009}). That is, the reference of the plural \isi{pronoun} in a Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase includes the reference of the focal referent, such that ``\textsc{pro} including X''. In (\ref{Example_6.95}), for instance, the \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{kam} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ includes not only the companions and the speaker, but all members of the plural set, “including \textitbf{Oktofina}”. That is, the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Oktofina kam} does not signal an additive relation in the sense of ``Oktofina plus you companions''. Likewise in (\ref{Example_6.96}), the reference of \textitbf{dorang} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ includes not only the associates of the focal referent \textitbf{its gloss ___}, but all members of the plural set, ``including its gloss ___''.
A: word: kaki	 gloss: foot
B: word: pawla	 gloss: Pawla
C: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
D: word: pawlus	 gloss: Pawlus
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 621:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tanta ada mara Pawlus ___
Gloss (with missing item): aunt exist be.angry Pawlus ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘aunt is being angry with Pawlus and his companions including Pawlus’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The reading of Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrases is not only \isi{associative}, however. Adopting \citegen[479]{Moravcsik.2003} analysis, the reading of such \isi{noun} phrases is also “inclusory”, in that “all members of the plural set are summarily referred to by a \isi{pronoun}” (see also \citealt[25]{Haspelmath.2004}; \citealt{Gil.2009}). That is, the reference of the plural \isi{pronoun} in a Papuan Malay \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase includes the reference of the focal referent, such that ``\textsc{pro} including X''. In (\ref{Example_6.95}), for instance, the \isi{pronoun} \textitbf{kam} ‘\textsc{2pl}’ includes not only the companions and the speaker, but all members of the plural set, “including \textitbf{Oktofina}”. That is, the \textsc{n} \textsc{pro-pl} \isi{noun} phrase \textitbf{Oktofina kam} does not signal an additive relation in the sense of ``Oktofina plus you companions''. Likewise in (\ref{Example_6.96}), the reference of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{3pl}’ includes not only the associates of the focal referent \textitbf{Pawlus}, but all members of the plural set, ``including Pawlus''.
A: word: isabela	 gloss: Isabela
B: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 622:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ {Iskia} dong bunu babi, bapa desa dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Iskia 3PL kill pig father village 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___ Iskia dong} ‘its gloss ___ Iskia and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{Iskia}; neither does \textitbf{the morpheme ___ desa dorang} ‘its gloss ___ mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: bapa	 gloss: father
B: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
C: word: bapa-ade	 gloss: uncle
D: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 623:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {bapa} ___ dong bunu babi, bapa desa dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): father ___ 3PL kill pig father village 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{bapa its gloss ___ dong} ‘father its gloss ___ and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{its gloss ___}; neither does \textitbf{bapa desa dorang} ‘father mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: itu	 gloss: D.DIST
B: word: arbais	 gloss: Arbais
C: word: iskia	 gloss: Iskia
D: word: miskin	 gloss: be.poor
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 624:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {bapa} {Iskia} ___ bunu babi, bapa desa dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): father Iskia ___ kill pig father village 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{bapa Iskia the morpheme ___} ‘father Iskia and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{Iskia}; neither does \textitbf{bapa desa dorang} ‘father mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: sungay	 gloss: river
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 625:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {bapa} {Iskia} dong bunu babi, ___ desa dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): father Iskia 3PL kill pig ___ village 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___ Iskia dong} ‘its gloss ___ Iskia and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{Iskia}; neither does \textitbf{the morpheme ___ desa dorang} ‘its gloss ___ mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: bapa	 gloss: father
B: word: miflal	 gloss: Miflal
C: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
D: word: bapa-ade	 gloss: uncle
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 626:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {bapa} {Iskia} dong bunu babi, bapa ___ dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): father Iskia 3PL kill pig father ___ 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{bapa Iskia dong} ‘father Iskia and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{Iskia}; neither does \textitbf{bapa the morpheme ___ dorang} ‘father mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: besar	 gloss: be.big
B: word: desa	 gloss: village
C: word: dari	 gloss: from
D: word: kampung-tana	 gloss: village-ground
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 627:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {bapa} {Iskia} dong bunu babi, bapa desa ___ dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): father Iskia 3PL kill pig father village ___ 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{bapa Iskia dong} ‘father Iskia and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{Iskia}; neither does \textitbf{bapa desa the morpheme ___} ‘father mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: kam	 gloss: 2PL
C: word: dong/dorang	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: markus	 gloss: Markus
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 628:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ {Iskia} dong bunu babi, bapa desa dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Iskia 3PL kill pig father village 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___ Iskia dong} ‘its gloss ___ Iskia and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{Iskia}; neither does \textitbf{the morpheme ___ desa dorang} ‘its gloss ___ mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: bapa	 gloss: father
B: word: bapa-ade	 gloss: uncle
C: word: tete	 gloss: grandfather
D: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 629:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {bapa} ___ dong bunu babi, bapa desa dorang dong bunu babi
Gloss (with missing item): father ___ 3PL kill pig father village 3PL 3PL kill pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘father Iskia and his companions including Iskia killed a pig, father mayor and his companions including the mayor, they killed a pig’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Referential heterogeneity of Papuan Malay \isi{associative} inclusory expressions is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_6.97}) to (\ref{Example_6.99}). In (\ref{Example_6.97}), \textitbf{bapa its gloss ___ dong} ‘father its gloss ___ and them’ does not denote several people called \textitbf{its gloss ___}; neither does \textitbf{bapa desa dorang} ‘father mayor and them’ refer to more than one mayor. The same applies to the examples in (\ref{Example_6.98}) and (\ref{Example_6.99}) (in this context \textitbf{dokter} ‘doctor’ has a \isi{definite} reading as the local hospital has only one doctor). In each case, the plural \isi{pronoun} encodes a heterogeneous set of associates “centering around X”, the focal referent. Moreover, the pronouns include the focal referents in their reference.
A: word: miskin	 gloss: be.poor
B: word: iskia	 gloss: Iskia
C: word: arbais	 gloss: Arbais
D: word: hurki	 gloss: Hurki
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B