cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 550:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Barce ko ___ ko takut
Gloss (with missing item): Barce 2SG ___ 2SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Barce here, you feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
B: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
C: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
D: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 551:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wili ko jangang {gara\Tildegara} ___ dia itu]!
Gloss (with missing item): Wili 2SG NEG.IMP RDP\Tildeirritate ___ 3SG D.DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Wili don’t irritate that aunt!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: nene	 gloss: grandmother
B: word: tanta	 gloss: aunt
C: word: mantang	 gloss: former
D: word: yang	 gloss: REL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 552:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wili ko jangang {gara\Tildegara} [tanta ___ itu]!
Gloss (with missing item): Wili 2SG NEG.IMP RDP\Tildeirritate aunt ___ D.DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Wili don’t irritate that aunt!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: anging	 gloss: wind
B: word: dei	 gloss: 3sg
C: word: diai	 gloss: 3SG
D: word: dia	 gloss: 3SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 553:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wili ko jangang {gara\Tildegara} [tanta dia ___
Gloss (with missing item): Wili 2SG NEG.IMP RDP\Tildeirritate aunt 3SG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Wili don’t irritate that aunt!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: sana	 gloss: L.DIST
B: word: iskia	 gloss: Iskia
C: word: itu	 gloss: D.DIST
D: word: situ	 gloss: L.MED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 554:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko ini ko takut
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG D.PROX 2SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Barce here, you feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{its gloss ___} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: pante-barat	 gloss: Pante-Barat
B: word: barce	 gloss: Barce
C: word: orang	 gloss: person
D: word: baru	 gloss: and.then
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 555:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Barce ___ ini ko takut
Gloss (with missing item): Barce ___ D.PROX 2SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Barce here, you feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
B: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
C: word: natal	 gloss: Christmas
D: word: banyak	 gloss: many
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 556:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Barce ko ___ ko takut
Gloss (with missing item): Barce 2SG ___ 2SG feel.afraid(.of)
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Barce here, you feel afraid’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: dua	 gloss: two
B: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
C: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
D: word: ini	 gloss: D.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 557:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ko itu ko taw kata pis ka tida
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG D.DIST 2SG know word please[E] or NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Eferdina there, do you know the word ``please'' or not?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{ko} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{its gloss ___} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{ko} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: martin	 gloss: Martin
B: word: pis	 gloss: please[E]
C: word: eferdina	 gloss: Eferdina
D: word: berdiri	 gloss: stand
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 558:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Eferdina ___ itu ko taw kata pis ka tida
Gloss (with missing item): Eferdina ___ D.DIST 2SG know word please[E] or NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘you Eferdina there, do you know the word ``please'' or not?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Second, an \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expression can be modified with a \isi{demonstrative}, as in the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.66}) to (\ref{Example_6.68}), or the \textsc{np} \textsc{3sg} \isi{noun} phrases in \ref{Example_6.69}) and (\ref{Example_6.76}). In these ``\textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg dem}'' expressions, the demonstratives have scope over the pronouns. The fact that the pronouns occur in \isi{noun} phrases with adnominal \isi{demonstrative}, in turn, supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions the pronouns function as determiners. Moreover, in two of the examples, the \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} \textsc{dem} expressions have topic function in topic-comment constructions, namely the \textsc{np} \textsc{2sg} \textsc{dem} \isi{noun} phrases in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.68}). In both cases, the preposed \isi{noun} phrases are copied by coreferential \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{2sg}’ which has comment function.\footnote{There is no \isi{comma intonation} between the topical \isi{noun} phrases and the pronominal comments in (\ref{Example_6.67}) and (\ref{Example_6.69}).} Neither bare \textitbf{Barce} in (\ref{Example_6.67}), nor bare \textitbf{Eferdina} in (\ref{Example_6.68}) can be topics in topic-comment constructions. Instead it is the entire \isi{noun} phrase, including determiner \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘2\textsc{sg}’, which has topic function. This, in turn, also supports the conclusion that in \textsc{np} \textsc{pro-sg} expressions, the \isi{pronoun} functions as a pronominal determiner.
A: word: skola	 gloss: go.to.school
B: word: jepang	 gloss: Japan
C: word: ko	 gloss: 2SG
D: word: tunduk	 gloss: bow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C