cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 559:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ko minta minyak brapa ___
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL request oil several ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how much oil do you request’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most often, \textitbf{brapa} ‘several, how its gloss ___’ functions as a nominal modifier which takes the position of the \isi{numeral} or \isi{quantifier} it replaces. Corresponding to the syntax of adnominally used numerals and quantifiers, it precedes or follows its head nominal, as in (\ref{Example_5.282}) to (\ref{Example_5.284}). In prehead position of countable referents, \textitbf{brapa} ‘several, how its gloss ___’ questions the absolute numbers of items denoted by the head nominals, as in (\ref{Example_5.282}). In posthead position of countable referents, it questions unique positions within series, as in (\ref{Example_5.283}). When following mass nouns, the \isi{interrogative} questions the nonnumeric amounts of its referents, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.284}). Like other quantifiers, \textitbf{brapa} ‘several, how its gloss ___’ is unattested in prehead position of mass nouns. If the referent’s identity is known from the context, the head nominal can be omitted, as with numerals and other quantifiers. This is illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.285}), where the omitted head is \textitbf{rupia} ‘rupiah’. (Details on numerals and quantifiers are given in §\ref{Para_5.9} and §\ref{Para_5.10}, respectively.)
A: word: banyak~banyak	 gloss: RDP~many
B: word: banyak	 gloss: many
C: word: tunduk	 gloss: bow
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 560:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bapa pu ana~ana ___
Gloss (with missing item): father POSS RDP~child ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how many children do you (‘father’) have?’ (Lit. ‘father’s children are how many?’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: skali	 gloss: very
B: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
C: word: banyak	 gloss: many
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 561:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tong pu uang?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1PL POSS money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how much money do we have?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: banyak	 gloss: many
B: word: ayo	 gloss: come.on!
C: word: brapa	 gloss: several
D: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 562:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bapa pu ana~ana ___
Gloss (with missing item): father POSS RDP~child ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how many children do you (‘father’) have?’ (Lit. ‘father’s children are how many?’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: minyak	 gloss: oil
B: word: banyak	 gloss: many
C: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 563:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong pu uang ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL POSS money ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how much money do we have?’ (Lit. ‘our money is how many?’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: brapa	 gloss: several
B: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
C: word: glas	 gloss: glass
D: word: banyak	 gloss: many
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 564:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bapa pu ana~ana?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ father POSS RDP~child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how many children do you (‘father’) have?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: brapa	 gloss: several
B: word: glas	 gloss: glass
C: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
D: word: banyak	 gloss: many
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 565:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tong pu uang?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1PL POSS money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how much money do we have?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
B: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
C: word: brapa	 gloss: several
D: word: banyak	 gloss: many
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 566:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bapa pu ana~ana?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ father POSS RDP~child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘how many children do you (‘father’) have?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicative uses of \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are shown in (\ref{Example_5.286}) to (\ref{Example_5.289}). Like \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.2}), and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’ (§\ref{Para_5.8.3}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ can remain in the unmarked clause-final position, as in (\ref{Example_5.286}) and \ref{Example_5.288}), or it can be fronted to the marked clause-initial position, as in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.287}) and \ref{Example_5.289}). Again, the fronting of the \isi{interrogative} serves to emphasize the questioning, namely of numeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.287}), and of nonnumeric quantities in (\ref{Example_5.289}). These two examples are elicited, though, as interrogatives with fronted \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___, how many’ are unattested in the corpus. (See also §\ref{Para_12.3} for details on \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses.)
A: word: parapara	 gloss: platform
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: banyak	 gloss: many
D: word: prempuang	 gloss: 10pt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 567:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ saja sa pu kaka de mo pulang Jayapura
Gloss (with missing item): ___ just 1SG POSS oSb 3SG want go.home Jayapura
The English translation of this sentence is:‘my older sibling wants to return to Jayapura, for whatever reason’ (Lit. ‘whyever’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{saja} ‘just’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, however, that \textitbf{bagemana} ‘how’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ can also have this function.
A: word: dong	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: knapa	 gloss: why
C: word: brapa	 gloss: several
D: word: karna	 gloss: because
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 568:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): knapa ___ sa pu kaka de mo pulang Jayapura
Gloss (with missing item): why ___ 1SG POSS oSb 3SG want go.home Jayapura
The English translation of this sentence is:‘my older sibling wants to return to Jayapura, for whatever reason’ (Lit. ‘whyever’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, however, that \textitbf{bagemana} ‘how’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{knapa} ‘why’ can also have this function.
A: word: hanya	 gloss: only
B: word: ajar	 gloss: teach
C: word: saja	 gloss: just
D: word: tiga~tiga	 gloss: RDP~three
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 569:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa tra mo taw!, ___ saja ko harus pigi skola!
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG want know ___ just 2SG have.to go school
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing a child who does not want to go to school for various reasons:] ‘I don’t want to know!, you have to go to school, no matter what!’ (Lit. ‘however’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{saja} ‘just’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as sits gloss ___n in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, its gloss ___ever, that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{knapa} ‘why’ can also have this function.
A: word: apa	 gloss: what
B: word: mana	 gloss: where
C: word: lebi	 gloss: more
D: word: bagemana	 gloss: how
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 570:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa tra mo taw!, bagemana ___ ko harus pigi skola!
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG want know how ___ 2SG have.to go school
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing a child who does not want to go to school for various reasons:] ‘I don’t want to know!, you have to go to school, no matter what!’ (Lit. ‘however’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, however, that \textitbf{bagemana} ‘how’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{knapa} ‘why’ can also have this function.
A: word: sedikit~sedikit	 gloss: RDP~few
B: word: hanya	 gloss: only
C: word: ajar	 gloss: teach
D: word: saja	 gloss: just
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 571:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa tra mo taw!, ___ saja ko harus pigi skola!
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG want know ___ just 2SG have.to go school
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing a child who does not want to go to school for various reasons:] ‘I don’t want to know!, you have to go to school, no matter what!’ (Lit. ‘however’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{saja} ‘just’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as sits gloss ___n in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, its gloss ___ever, that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{knapa} ‘why’ can also have this function.
A: word: apa	 gloss: what
B: word: mana	 gloss: where
C: word: pikir	 gloss: think
D: word: bagemana	 gloss: how
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D