cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 468:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ su gigit sa pu lutut
Gloss (with missing item): ___ already bite 1SG POSS knee
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what has bitten my knee?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{sithe morpheme ___} ‘who’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) who has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: dang	 gloss: and
B: word: apa	 gloss: what
C: word: mandi	 gloss: bathe
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 469:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de bilang, ko tidor ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say 2SG sleep ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he said, ``why are you sleeping?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{sithe morpheme ___} ‘who’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) who has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: perna	 gloss: ever
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: apa	 gloss: what
D: word: dang	 gloss: and
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 470:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ su gigit sa pu lutut
Gloss (with missing item): ___ already bite 1SG POSS knee
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what has bitten my knee?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{sithe morpheme ___} ‘who’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) who has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: brapa	 gloss: several
B: word: dang	 gloss: and
C: word: mulay	 gloss: start
D: word: apa	 gloss: what
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 471:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): e, ___ yang suru kam minum~minum di sini?
Gloss (with missing item): hey ___ REL order 2PL RDP~drink at L.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:‘hey, who (is the one) who told you to keep drinking here’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) its gloss ___ has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: mantang	 gloss: former
B: word: jam	 gloss: hour
C: word: siapa	 gloss: who
D: word: siapa~siapa	 gloss: RDP~who
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 472:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ yang datang jemput saya?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ REL come pick.up 1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘who (is the one) who came (and) picked me up?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) its gloss ___ has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{apa} ‘what’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: mantang	 gloss: former
B: word: siapa~siapa	 gloss: RDP~who
C: word: siapa	 gloss: who
D: word: dia	 gloss: 3SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 473:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ yang su gigit sa pu lutut?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ REL already bite 1SG POSS knee
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what (is it) that has bitten my knee?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{sithe morpheme ___} ‘who’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) who has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: brapa	 gloss: several
B: word: apa	 gloss: what
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: prempuang	 gloss: 10pt
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 474:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ su gigit sa pu lutut
Gloss (with missing item): ___ already bite 1SG POSS knee
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what has bitten my knee?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In its pronominal uses, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ occurs in all syntactic positions, as demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.246}) to (\ref{Example_5.251}), always remaining in-situ. In the elicited \isi{verbal clause} in (\ref{Example_5.246}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot. While this construction is grammatically correct and acceptable, verbal clauses with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in the subject slot are unattested in the corpus. Instead, speakers always use equative clauses when they want to question the identity of the clausal subject, similar to the questions formed with \textitbf{sithe morpheme ___} ‘who’ in (\ref{Example_5.234}) and (\ref{Example_5.235}) (§\ref{Para_5.8.1}). This is demonstrated with the contrastive equative clause in (\ref{Example_5.247}). In this example, \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the subject slot, while the headless relative clause \textitbf{yang su gigit {\ldots}} ‘(the one) who has already bitten {\ldots}’ takes the predicate slot.\footnote{Similar to the comment in Footnote \ref{Footnote_5.168} in §\ref{Para_5.8.1} (p. \pageref{Footnote_5.168}), one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.246}) the subject-predicate word order is inverted and that \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ fills the predicate rather than the subject slot, while the relative clause introduced with \textitbf{yang} ‘\textsc{rel}’ takes the subject slot.} (For details on relative clauses see §\ref{Para_14.3.2}.)
A: word: apa	 gloss: what
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: ikang	 gloss: fish
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 475:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kam cari ___
Gloss (with missing item): 2PL search ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what are you looking for?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Interrogative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ also takes non-subject slots. In (\ref{Example_5.248}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the direct object slot, in (\ref{Example_5.249}) the oblique object slot, and in (\ref{Example_5.250}) the peripheral adjunct slot.\footnote{Alternatively, one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.249}) \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ does not take an oblique object but an adjunct slot.} Besides, speakers use \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to question reasons or motives, as in (\ref{Example_5.251}).
A: word: pasti	 gloss: definitely
B: word: apa	 gloss: what
C: word: dang	 gloss: and
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 476:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tokok sagu tu deng ___ ini?
Gloss (with missing item): tap sago D.DIST with ___ D.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what are you pounding that sagu with?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Interrogative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ also takes non-subject slots. In (\ref{Example_5.248}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the direct object slot, in (\ref{Example_5.249}) the oblique object slot, and in (\ref{Example_5.250}) the peripheral adjunct slot.\footnote{Alternatively, one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.249}) \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ does not take an oblique object but an adjunct slot.} Besides, speakers use \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to question reasons or motives, as in (\ref{Example_5.251}).
A: word: apa	 gloss: what
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: siang	 gloss: day
D: word: dang	 gloss: and
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 477:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa tra taw tugu ini dari ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG know monument D.PROX from ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I don’t’ know from where this monument comes?’ (Lit. ‘from what (place)’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Interrogative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ also takes non-subject slots. In (\ref{Example_5.248}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the direct object slot, in (\ref{Example_5.249}) the oblique object slot, and in (\ref{Example_5.250}) the peripheral adjunct slot.\footnote{Alternatively, one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.249}) \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ does not take an oblique object but an adjunct slot.} Besides, speakers use \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to question reasons or motives, as in (\ref{Example_5.251}).
A: word: brapa	 gloss: several
B: word: dang	 gloss: and
C: word: empat	 gloss: four
D: word: apa	 gloss: what
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 478:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tokok sagu tu deng ___ ini?
Gloss (with missing item): tap sago D.DIST with ___ D.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:‘what are you pounding that sagu with?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Interrogative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ also takes non-subject slots. In (\ref{Example_5.248}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the direct object slot, in (\ref{Example_5.249}) the oblique object slot, and in (\ref{Example_5.250}) the peripheral adjunct slot.\footnote{Alternatively, one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.249}) \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ does not take an oblique object but an adjunct slot.} Besides, speakers use \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to question reasons or motives, as in (\ref{Example_5.251}).
A: word: apa	 gloss: what
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: baru~baru	 gloss: RDP~recently
D: word: dang	 gloss: and
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 479:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de bilang, ko tidor ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say 2SG sleep ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he said, ``why are you sleeping?'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Interrogative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ also takes non-subject slots. In (\ref{Example_5.248}), \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ takes the direct object slot, in (\ref{Example_5.249}) the oblique object slot, and in (\ref{Example_5.250}) the peripheral adjunct slot.\footnote{Alternatively, one could argue that in (\ref{Example_5.249}) \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ does not take an oblique object but an adjunct slot.} Besides, speakers use \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to question reasons or motives, as in (\ref{Example_5.251}).
A: word: mana	 gloss: where
B: word: dang	 gloss: and
C: word: apa	 gloss: what
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C