cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 572:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa tra mo taw!, bagemana ___ ko harus pigi skola!
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG want know how ___ 2SG have.to go school
The English translation of this sentence is:[Addressing a child who does not want to go to school for various reasons:] ‘I don’t want to know!, you have to go to school, no matter what!’ (Lit. ‘however’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, however, that \textitbf{bagemana} ‘how’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{knapa} ‘why’ can also have this function.
A: word: saja	 gloss: just
B: word: babi	 gloss: pig
C: word: ajar	 gloss: teach
D: word: hanya	 gloss: only
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 573:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ saja sa pu kaka de mo pulang Jayapura
Gloss (with missing item): ___ just 1SG POSS oSb 3SG want go.home Jayapura
The English translation of this sentence is:‘my older sibling wants to return to Jayapura, for whatever reason’ (Lit. ‘whyever’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{saja} ‘just’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, however, that \textitbf{bagemana} ‘how’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ can also have this function.
A: word: setiap	 gloss: every
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: karna	 gloss: because
D: word: knapa	 gloss: why
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 574:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): knapa ___ sa pu kaka de mo pulang Jayapura
Gloss (with missing item): why ___ 1SG POSS oSb 3SG want go.home Jayapura
The English translation of this sentence is:‘my older sibling wants to return to Jayapura, for whatever reason’ (Lit. ‘whyever’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Papuan Malay, the \isi{indefinite} reading is achieved by juxtaposing the focus ad\isi{verb} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ to the \isi{interrogative}, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}). In the corpus, this function of the interrogatives is only attested for \textitbf{siapa} ‘who’, \textitbf{apa} ‘what’, and \textitbf{mana} ‘where, which’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.290}) to (\ref{Example_5.293}). The elicited respective examples in (\ref{Example_5.293}) to (\ref{Example_5.295}) illustrate, however, that \textitbf{bagemana} ‘how’, \textitbf{kapang} ‘when’, and \textitbf{knapa} ‘why’ can also have this function.
A: word: saja	 gloss: just
B: word: ajar	 gloss: teach
C: word: kapang	 gloss: when
D: word: hanya	 gloss: only
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 575:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mungking ___ orang mati
Gloss (with missing item): maybe ___ person die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘about five people died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most often, cardinal numerals are used adnominally to enumerate entities. In this function they may precede or follow their head nominal. With a preposed \isi{numeral}, the \isi{noun} phrase signals the absolute number of items denoted by the head nominal, as in \textitbf{the morpheme ___ orang} ‘the morpheme ___ people’ in (\ref{Example_5.298}). Thereby the composite nature of countable referents is underlined. Posthead numerals, by contrast, express exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents such as \textitbf{pace dua ini} ‘both of these men’ in (\ref{Example_5.299}), or denote unique positions within a series. (For details on the adnominal uses of numerals see §\ref{Para_8.3.1}.)
A: word: pace	 gloss: man
B: word: lima~lima	 gloss: RDP~five
C: word: lima	 gloss: five
D: word: enam	 gloss: six
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 576:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mungking lima ___ mati
Gloss (with missing item): maybe five ___ die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘about five people died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most often, cardinal numerals are used adnominally to enumerate entities. In this function they may precede or follow their head nominal. With a preposed \isi{numeral}, the \isi{noun} phrase signals the absolute number of items denoted by the head nominal, as in \textitbf{lima the morpheme ___} ‘lima people’ in (\ref{Example_5.298}). Thereby the composite nature of countable referents is underlined. Posthead numerals, by contrast, express exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents such as \textitbf{pace dua ini} ‘both of these men’ in (\ref{Example_5.299}), or denote unique positions within a series. (For details on the adnominal uses of numerals see §\ref{Para_8.3.1}.)
A: word: manusia	 gloss: human.being
B: word: orang	 gloss: person
C: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
D: word: muka	 gloss: front
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 577:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dua ini dong dua dari pedalamang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ two D.DIST 3PL two from interior
The English translation of this sentence is:‘both these men, the two of them are from the interior’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most often, cardinal numerals are used adnominally to enumerate entities. In this function they may precede or follow their head nominal. With a preposed \isi{numeral}, the \isi{noun} phrase signals the absolute number of items denoted by the head nominal, as in \textitbf{lima orang} ‘lima people’ in (\ref{Example_5.298}). Thereby the composite nature of countable referents is underlined. Posthead numerals, by contrast, express exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___ dua ini} ‘both of these men’ in (\ref{Example_5.299}), or denote unique positions within a series. (For details on the adnominal uses of numerals see §\ref{Para_8.3.1}.)
A: word: bapa	 gloss: father
B: word: mace	 gloss: woman
C: word: jam	 gloss: hour
D: word: pace	 gloss: man
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 578:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): pace ___ ini dong dua dari pedalamang
Gloss (with missing item): man ___ D.DIST 3PL two from interior
The English translation of this sentence is:‘both these men, the two of them are from the interior’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most often, cardinal numerals are used adnominally to enumerate entities. In this function they may precede or follow their head nominal. With a preposed \isi{numeral}, the \isi{noun} phrase signals the absolute number of items denoted by the head nominal, as in \textitbf{lima orang} ‘lima people’ in (\ref{Example_5.298}). Thereby the composite nature of countable referents is underlined. Posthead numerals, by contrast, express exhaustivity of \isi{definite} referents such as \textitbf{pace the morpheme ___ ini} ‘both of these men’ in (\ref{Example_5.299}), or denote unique positions within a series. (For details on the adnominal uses of numerals see §\ref{Para_8.3.1}.)
A: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
B: word: kedua	 gloss: second
C: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
D: word: dua	 gloss: two
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 579:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): pace dua ___ dong dua dari pedalamang
Gloss (with missing item): man two ___ 3PL two from interior
The English translation of this sentence is:‘both these men, the two of them are from the interior’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most often, cardinal numerals are used adnominally to enumerate entities. In this function they may precede or follow their head nominal. With a preposed \isi{numeral}, the \isi{noun} phrase signals the absolute number of items denoted by the head nominal, as in \textitbf{lima orang} ‘lima people’ in (\ref{Example_5.298}). Thereby the composite nature of countable referents is underlined. Posthead numerals, by contrast, express exhaustivity of \isi{defthe morpheme ___te} referents such as \textitbf{pace dua the morpheme ___} ‘both of these men’ in (\ref{Example_5.299}), or denote unique positions within a series. (For details on the adnominal uses of numerals see §\ref{Para_8.3.1}.)
A: word: ini	 gloss: D.DIST
B: word: sana	 gloss: L.DIST
C: word: agak	 gloss: rather
D: word: begini	 gloss: like.this
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 580:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mungking ___ orang mati
Gloss (with missing item): maybe ___ person die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘about five people died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The examples in (\ref{Example_5.298}) and (\ref{Example_5.300}) also illustrate that numerals can be used with countable nouns that are animate or inanimate, respectively.
A: word: lima~lima	 gloss: RDP~five
B: word: enam	 gloss: six
C: word: lima	 gloss: five
D: word: bangung	 gloss: get.up
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 581:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mungking lima ___ mati
Gloss (with missing item): maybe five ___ die
The English translation of this sentence is:‘about five people died’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The examples in (\ref{Example_5.298}) and (\ref{Example_5.300}) also illustrate that numerals can be used with countable nouns that are animate or inanimate, respectively.
A: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: dari	 gloss: from
C: word: orang	 gloss: person
D: word: manusia	 gloss: human.being
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 582:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): di kalender de ___ blas
Gloss (with missing item): at calendar 3SG ___ teens
The English translation of this sentence is:‘in the calendar\bluebold...there are twelve (moons)’ (Lit. ‘it (the moon) is twelve’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their adnominal uses, numerals are used predicatively. In (\ref{Example_5.301}), for example, the \isi{numeral} \textitbf{the morpheme ___ blas} ‘twelve’ functions as a predicate that provides information about the numeric quantity of its subject \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ (‘the moon’). (For details on \isi{numeral} predicate clauses see §\ref{Para_12.3}).
A: word: dua	 gloss: two
B: word: siduasi	 gloss: Siduas
C: word: kedua	 gloss: second
D: word: pace	 gloss: man
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 583:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): di kalender de dua ___
Gloss (with missing item): at calendar 3SG two ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘in the calendar\bluebold...there are twelve (moons)’ (Lit. ‘it (the moon) is twelve’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their adnominal uses, numerals are used predicatively. In (\ref{Example_5.301}), for example, the \isi{numeral} \textitbf{dua the morpheme ___} ‘twelve’ functions as a predicate that provides information about the numeric quantity of its subject \textitbf{de} ‘\textsc{3sg}’ (‘the moon’). (For details on \isi{numeral} predicate clauses see §\ref{Para_12.3}).
A: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
B: word: bukang	 gloss: NEG
C: word: blas	 gloss: teens
D: word: pemuda	 gloss: youth
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 584:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dua babi ___ tiga babi sama dengang lima babi
Gloss (with missing item): two pig ___ three pig be.same with five pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘two pigs plus three pigs are five pigs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In natural conversations, however, calculations occur only very rarely. Therefore, the following examples are elicited: the function of its gloss ___ition is presented in (\ref{Example_5.302}), subtraction in (\ref{Example_5.303}), multiplication in (\ref{Example_5.304}), and division in (\ref{Example_5.305}).
A: word: tamba	 gloss: add
B: word: diam	 gloss: be.quiet
C: word: tulis	 gloss: write
D: word: sambar	 gloss: strike.one.after.the.other
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 585:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): lima babi ___ tiga babi sama dengang dua babi
Gloss (with missing item): five pig ___ three pig be.same with two pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘five pigs minus three pigs are two pigs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In natural conversations, however, calculations occur only very rarely. Therefore, the following examples are elicited: the function of addition is presented in (\ref{Example_5.302}), subtraction in (\ref{Example_5.303}), multiplication in (\ref{Example_5.304}), and division in (\ref{Example_5.305}).
A: word: ukurang	 gloss: measurement
B: word: tinggal	 gloss: stay
C: word: kurang	 gloss: lack
D: word: sedikit	 gloss: few
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 586:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dua babi ___ tiga babi sama dengang enam babi
Gloss (with missing item): two pig ___ three pig be.same with six pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘two pigs times three pigs are six pigs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In natural conversations, however, calculations occur only very rarely. Therefore, the following examples are elicited: the function of addition is presented in (\ref{Example_5.302}), subtraction in (\ref{Example_5.303}), multiplication in (\ref{Example_5.304}), and division in (\ref{Example_5.305}).
A: word: papua-lima	 gloss: Papua-Lima
B: word: ana	 gloss: child
C: word: kali	 gloss: time
D: word: skali	 gloss: very
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 587:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): enam babi ___ tiga babi sama dengang dua babi
Gloss (with missing item): six pig ___ three pig be.same with two pig
The English translation of this sentence is:‘six pigs divided (by) three pigs are two pigs’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In natural conversations, however, calculations occur only very rarely. Therefore, the following examples are elicited: the function of addition is presented in (\ref{Example_5.302}), subtraction in (\ref{Example_5.303}), multiplication in (\ref{Example_5.304}), and division in (\ref{Example_5.305}).
A: word: banyak	 gloss: many
B: word: stenga	 gloss: half
C: word: bagiang	 gloss: part
D: word: bagi	 gloss: divide
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 588:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya {tida} bole {kasi} {sama} {bapa} {punya} {sodara} ana prempuang yang sa bilang ___ tiga
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG may give to father POSS sibling child woman REL 1SG say ___ three
The English translation of this sentence is:[About bride-price children:] ‘I shouldn’t have given to father’s sibling the daughter that, as I said, was (my) third (child)’ (Lit. ‘number three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Papuan Malay employs two strategies to express the notion of ordinal numerals. For kinship terms the concept of ordinal numerals is encoded by a ``NNum'' \isi{noun} phrase headed by the \isi{noun} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’, as shown in (\ref{Example_5.306}) and (\ref{Example_5.307}). This \isi{noun} phrase ``\textitbf{the morpheme ___} Num'' gives the ordinal reading ``Num-th'' such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___ tiga} ‘third’ in (\ref{Example_5.306}) or \textitbf{the morpheme ___ empat} ‘fourth’ in the elicited example in (\ref{Example_5.307}).
A: word: nomor	 gloss: number
B: word: astronomi	 gloss: astronomy
C: word: apa	 gloss: what
D: word: ribu	 gloss: thousand
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A