cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 603:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong minum ___ glas ato tiga~tiga glas
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL drink ___ glass or RDP~three glass
The English translation of this sentence is:[About the lack of water during a retreat:] ‘we drank two glasses each or three glasses each (per day)’ (Lit. ‘two by two or three by three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Distributive numerals express that “a property or action” applies “to the individual members of a group, as opposed to the group as a whole” {\citep[154]{Crystal.2008}}. In Papuan Malay, this notion of ``one by one'' or ``two by two'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{numeral}. This is illustrated with \textitbf{satu{\Tilde}satu} ‘one by one’ or ‘in groups of one each’ in (\ref{Example_5.310}), and with \textitbf{dua{\Tilde}dua} ‘two by two’ or ‘in groups of two’ in (\ref{Example_5.311}). (See also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}.)
A: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
B: word: dua	 gloss: two
C: word: dua~dua	 gloss: RDP~two
D: word: barat	 gloss: west
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 604:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong minum dua~dua ___ ato tiga~tiga glas
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL drink RDP~two ___ or RDP~three glass
The English translation of this sentence is:[About the lack of water during a retreat:] ‘we drank two glasses each or three glasses each (per day)’ (Lit. ‘two by two or three by three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Distributive numerals express that “a property or action” applies “to the individual members of a group, as opposed to the group as a whole” {\citep[154]{Crystal.2008}}. In Papuan Malay, this notion of ``one by one'' or ``two by two'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{numeral}. This is illustrated with \textitbf{satu{\Tilde}satu} ‘one by one’ or ‘in groups of one each’ in (\ref{Example_5.310}), and with \textitbf{dua{\Tilde}dua} ‘two by two’ or ‘in groups of two’ in (\ref{Example_5.311}). (See also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}.)
A: word: biking	 gloss: make
B: word: kaca-mata	 gloss: glasses
C: word: glas	 gloss: glass
D: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 605:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong minum dua~dua glas ato ___ glas
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL drink RDP~two glass or ___ glass
The English translation of this sentence is:[About the lack of water during a retreat:] ‘we drank two glasses each or three glasses each (per day)’ (Lit. ‘two by two or three by three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Distributive numerals express that “a property or action” applies “to the individual members of a group, as opposed to the group as a whole” {\citep[154]{Crystal.2008}}. In Papuan Malay, this notion of ``one by one'' or ``two by two'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{numeral}. This is illustrated with \textitbf{satu{\Tilde}satu} ‘one by one’ or ‘in groups of one each’ in (\ref{Example_5.310}), and with \textitbf{dua{\Tilde}dua} ‘two by two’ or ‘in groups of two’ in (\ref{Example_5.311}). (See also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}.)
A: word: kecil	 gloss: be.small
B: word: dorang~dorang	 gloss: RDP~3PL
C: word: tiga	 gloss: one
D: word: tiga~tiga	 gloss: RDP~three
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 606:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong minum dua~dua glas ato tiga~tiga ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL drink RDP~two glass or RDP~three ___
The English translation of this sentence is:[About the lack of water during a retreat:] ‘we drank two glasses each or three glasses each (per day)’ (Lit. ‘two by two or three by three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Distributive numerals express that “a property or action” applies “to the individual members of a group, as opposed to the group as a whole” {\citep[154]{Crystal.2008}}. In Papuan Malay, this notion of ``one by one'' or ``two by two'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{numeral}. This is illustrated with \textitbf{satu{\Tilde}satu} ‘one by one’ or ‘in groups of one each’ in (\ref{Example_5.310}), and with \textitbf{dua{\Tilde}dua} ‘two by two’ or ‘in groups of two’ in (\ref{Example_5.311}). (See also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}.)
A: word: glas	 gloss: glass
B: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
C: word: kaca-mata	 gloss: glasses
D: word: kang	 gloss: you.know
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 607:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ada ___ satu di situ
Gloss (with missing item): exist ___ one at L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) is a certain younger sibling there’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to its enumerating function in postposed position, adnominally used \textitbf{satu} ‘one’ is employed to encode “specific \isi{indefiniteness}”, using Crystal’s (\citeyear*[444]{Crystal.2008}) terminology. That is, in \textsc{nn}um-\textsc{np}s adnominal \textitbf{satu} ‘one’ denotes specific but nonidentifiable referents, giving the specific \isi{indefinite} reading \textscItal{n} \textitbf{satu} ‘a certain \textsc{n}’. The specific \isi{indefinite} referent may be animate human such as \textitbf{the morpheme ___ satu} ‘a certain younger sibling’ in (\ref{Example_5.312}) or inanimate such as \textitbf{kampung satu} ‘a certain village’ in (\ref{Example_5.313}). The referent of \textitbf{ojek satu} in (\ref{Example_5.313}) can be interpreted as the animate referent ‘motorbike taxi driver’, or as the inanimate referent ‘motorbike taxi’.
A: word: mama-ade	 gloss: aunt
B: word: ade	 gloss: ySb
C: word: kadang	 gloss: sometimes
D: word: rajing	 gloss: be.diligent
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 608:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ada ade ___ di situ
Gloss (with missing item): exist ySb ___ at L.MED
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there) is a certain younger sibling there’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to its enumerating function in postposed position, adnominally used \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ is employed to encode “specific \isi{indefiniteness}”, using Crystal’s (\citeyear*[444]{Crystal.2008}) terminology. That is, in \textsc{nn}um-\textsc{np}s adnominal \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ denotes specific but nonidentifiable referents, giving the specific \isi{indefinite} reading \textscItal{n} \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘a certain \textsc{n}’. The specific \isi{indefinite} referent may be animate human such as \textitbf{ade the morpheme ___} ‘a certain younger sibling’ in (\ref{Example_5.312}) or inanimate such as \textitbf{kampung the morpheme ___} ‘a certain village’ in (\ref{Example_5.313}). The referent of \textitbf{ojek the morpheme ___} in (\ref{Example_5.313}) can be interpreted as the animate referent ‘motorbike taxi driver’, or as the inanimate referent ‘motorbike taxi’.
A: word: dulu	 gloss: first
B: word: mana	 gloss: where
C: word: satu	 gloss: one
D: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 609:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ jam
Gloss (with missing item): ___ hour
The English translation of this sentence is:‘half an hour’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Noun phrases with adnominal quantifiers have syntactic properties similar to those with adnominal numerals, as illustrated in (\ref{Example_5.314}) to (\ref{Example_5.322}). Noun phrases with prehead quantifiers (``\textsc{q}t\textsc{n-np}'') express nonnumeric amounts or quantities of the items indicated by their head nominals. Thereby, the composite nature of countable referents is accentuated. Posthead quantifiers, by contrast, may denote exhaustivity of \isi{indefinite} referents or signal unknown positions within series or sequences; they modify countable as well as uncountable referents.
A: word: tenga	 gloss: middle
B: word: bagiang	 gloss: part
C: word: besar	 gloss: be.big
D: word: stenga	 gloss: half
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 610:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ jam
Gloss (with missing item): ___ hour
The English translation of this sentence is:‘half an hour’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The data in (\ref{Example_5.314}) to (\ref{Example_5.322}) shows that not all quantifiers occur in all positions. Only five quantifiers occur in either pre- or posthead position, namely \textitbf{banyak} ‘many’, \textitbf{brapa} ‘several’, \textitbf{masing-masing} ‘each’, \textitbf{sedikit} ‘few’, and \textitbf{smua} ‘all’. While \textitbf{banyak} ‘many’, \textitbf{sedikit} ‘few’, and \textitbf{smua} ‘all’ can modify both count and mass nouns, \textitbf{brapa} ‘several’ and \textitbf{masing-masing} ‘each’ only modify count nouns. The remaining four quantifiers occur in prehead position only, namely \textitbf{segala} ‘all’, \textitbf{sembarang} ‘any (kind of)’, \textitbf{(se)tiap} ‘every’, and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’. These quantifiers modify count nouns only.
A: word: tenga	 gloss: middle
B: word: stenga	 gloss: half
C: word: langsung	 gloss: immediately
D: word: bagiang	 gloss: part
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 611:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ Ø mati di, e, di di pulow~pulow, banyak Ø mati di lautang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ ... die at uh at at RDP~island many ... die at ocean
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[there are many Papuans who died,] many (Papuans) died on, uh, on on the islands, many (Papuans) died on the ocean’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the identity of the referent was established earlier or can be deduced from the context, the head nominal can be omitted. Not all quantifiers, however, are used in \isi{noun} phrases with elided head nominal. Attested are only \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ as in (\ref{Example_5.323}), \textitbf{brapa} ‘several’ as in (\ref{Example_5.324}), \textitbf{sedikit} ‘few’ as in (\ref{Example_5.325}), and \textitbf{smua} ‘all’ as in (\ref{Example_5.326}).
A: word: banyak	 gloss: many
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: banyak~banyak	 gloss: RDP~many
D: word: situ	 gloss: L.MED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 612:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): banyak Ø mati di, e, di di pulow~pulow, ___ Ø mati di lautang
Gloss (with missing item): many ... die at uh at at RDP~island ___ ... die at ocean
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[there are many Papuans who died,] many (Papuans) died on, uh, on on the islands, many (Papuans) died on the ocean’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the identity of the referent was established earlier or can be deduced from the context, the head nominal can be omitted. Not all quantifiers, however, are used in \isi{noun} phrases with elided head nominal. Attested are only \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ as in (\ref{Example_5.323}), \textitbf{brapa} ‘several’ as in (\ref{Example_5.324}), \textitbf{sedikit} ‘few’ as in (\ref{Example_5.325}), and \textitbf{smua} ‘all’ as in (\ref{Example_5.326}).
A: word: banyak	 gloss: many
B: word: banyak~banyak	 gloss: RDP~many
C: word: ceritra	 gloss: tell
D: word: brapa	 gloss: several
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 613:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... mobil blakos, Ø ___ naik di blakang
Gloss (with missing item): ... car pickup.truck ... ___ climb at backside
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[we took] a pickup truck, all (of the passengers) got onto its loading space’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the identity of the referent was established earlier or can be deduced from the context, the head nominal can be omitted. Not its gloss ___ quantifiers, however, are used in \isi{noun} phrases with elided head nominal. Attested are only \textitbf{banyak} ‘many’ as in (\ref{Example_5.323}), \textitbf{brapa} ‘several’ as in (\ref{Example_5.324}), \textitbf{sedikit} ‘few’ as in (\ref{Example_5.325}), and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ as in (\ref{Example_5.326}).
A: word: tiap	 gloss: every
B: word: kapang	 gloss: when
C: word: mulay	 gloss: start
D: word: smua	 gloss: all
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 614:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... picaang juga ___
Gloss (with missing item): ... splinter also ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[at the beach] there are also lots (of) splinters’ (Lit. ‘the splinters (are) also many’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their adnominal uses, quantifies are also used predicatively. In (\ref{Example_5.327}), for instance, predicatively used \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ conveys information about the nonnumeric quantity of its subject \textitbf{picaang} ‘splinter’. (For details on \isi{quantifier} predicate clauses see §\ref{Para_12.3}).
A: word: banyak~banyak	 gloss: RDP~many
B: word: brapa	 gloss: several
C: word: pikir	 gloss: think
D: word: banyak	 gloss: many
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 615:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong tiga cari jalang ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL three search walk ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘the three of us looked for a path (through the river) one-by-one’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The notion of ``little by little'' or ``many by many'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{quantifier}, similar to the formation of distributive numerals presented in (\ref{Example_5.310}) and (\ref{Example_5.311}) (§\ref{Para_5.9.3}; see also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}). Distributive quantifiers denote events that affect an \isi{indefinite} number of members of a group or set at different points in time. In (\ref{Example_5.328}), for example, \textitbf{uang banyak{\Tilde}banyak} denotes ‘sets of lots of money’, while in (\ref{Example_5.329}) \textitbf{sedikit{\Tilde}sedikit} designates ‘sets of little (food)’.
A: word: dia	 gloss: 3SG
B: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
C: word: satu	 gloss: one
D: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 616:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong minum ___ glas ato tiga~tiga glas
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL drink ___ glass or RDP~three glass
The English translation of this sentence is:[About the lack of water during a retreat:] ‘we drank two glasses each or three glasses each (per day)’ (Lit. ‘two by two or three by three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The notion of ``little by little'' or ``many by many'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{quantifier}, similar to the formation of distributive numerals presented in (\ref{Example_5.310}) and (\ref{Example_5.311}) (§\ref{Para_5.9.3}; see also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}). Distributive quantifiers denote events that affect an \isi{indefinite} number of members of a group or set at different points in time. In (\ref{Example_5.328}), for example, \textitbf{uang banyak{\Tilde}banyak} denotes ‘sets of lots of money’, while in (\ref{Example_5.329}) \textitbf{sedikit{\Tilde}sedikit} designates ‘sets of little (food)’.
A: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
B: word: dua~dua	 gloss: RDP~two
C: word: rame	 gloss: be.crowded
D: word: dua	 gloss: two
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 617:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tong minum dua~dua ___ ato tiga~tiga glas
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL drink RDP~two ___ or RDP~three glass
The English translation of this sentence is:[About the lack of water during a retreat:] ‘we drank two glasses each or three glasses each (per day)’ (Lit. ‘two by two or three by three’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The notion of ``little by little'' or ``many by many'' is expressed through \isi{reduplication} of the \isi{quantifier}, similar to the formation of distributive numerals presented in (\ref{Example_5.310}) and (\ref{Example_5.311}) (§\ref{Para_5.9.3}; see also §\ref{Para_4.2.4}). Distributive quantifiers denote events that affect an \isi{indefinite} number of members of a group or set at different points in time. In (\ref{Example_5.328}), for example, \textitbf{uang banyak{\Tilde}banyak} denotes ‘sets of lots of money’, while in (\ref{Example_5.329}) \textitbf{sedikit{\Tilde}sedikit} designates ‘sets of little (food)’.
A: word: glas	 gloss: glass
B: word: kaca-mata	 gloss: glasses
C: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
D: word: bawa	 gloss: bring
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A