cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 260:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tikus de loncat ke klapa lagi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ rat 3SG jump to coconut again
The English translation of this sentence is:‘yes, the rat also jumped over to the coconut tree’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: yo	 gloss: yes
B: word: yoram	 gloss: Yoram
C: word: lutut	 gloss: knee
D: word: malam	 gloss: night
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 261:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nofi ___ ganggu kaka, ade tu, e?
Gloss (with missing item): Nofi ___ disturb oSb ySb D.DIST e?
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Nofi don’t bother that older relative, younger relative, eh?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: jangang~jangang	 gloss: RDP~NEG.IMP
B: word: kapang	 gloss: when
C: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
D: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 262:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tikus de loncat ke klapa lagi
Gloss (with missing item): ___ rat 3SG jump to coconut again
The English translation of this sentence is:‘yes, the rat also jumped over to the coconut tree’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: lobe	 gloss: walk.searchingly.with.lamp
B: word: yoram	 gloss: Yoram
C: word: yo	 gloss: yes
D: word: pukul	 gloss: hit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 263:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de ___ datang ... de tida datang
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ come ... 3SG NEG come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she did not come ... she did not come’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
B: word: langsung	 gloss: immediately
C: word: ceritrakang	 gloss: tell
D: word: tra	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 264:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de tra datang ... de ___ datang
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG NEG come ... 3SG ___ come
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she did not come ... she did not come’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
B: word: sidaq	 gloss: 3PL
C: word: stenga	 gloss: half
D: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 265:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): saya ___ anjing hitam
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ dog be.black
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(the situation is) not (that) I am a black dog’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{jangang} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: bukang	 gloss: NEG
B: word: snek	 gloss: snack
C: word: tukang	 gloss: craftsman
D: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 266:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nofi ___ ganggu kaka, ade tu, e?
Gloss (with missing item): Nofi ___ disturb oSb ySb D.DIST e?
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Nofi don’t bother that older relative, younger relative, eh?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The four adverbs always take a prepredicate position. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is always fronted, while the negative and \isi{prohibitive} adverbs directly precede the predicate. Affirmative \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ is often realized as \textitbf{ya}, and negative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ is quite commonly shortened to \textitbf{jang}. Examples are provided in (\ref{Example_5.153}) to (\ref{Example_5.156}): \isi{affirmation} with \textitbf{yo} ‘yes’ in (\ref{Example_5.153}), \isi{negation} with interchangeably used \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ and \textitbf{tida} ‘\textsc{neg}’ in (\ref{Example_5.154}), and with \textitbf{bukang} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (\ref{Example_5.155}), and prohibition with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘\textsc{neg.imp}’ in (\ref{Example_5.156}). Negation and prohibition are discussed in more detail in §\ref{Para_13.1} and §\ref{Para_13.3.3}, respectively.
A: word: jangang	 gloss: NEG.IMP
B: word: jangang~jangang	 gloss: RDP~NEG.IMP
C: word: ekor	 gloss: tail
D: word: tida	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 267:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kas tinggal, ___ de nakal
Gloss (with missing item): give stay ___ 3SG be.mischievous
The English translation of this sentence is:‘let it be, indeed, he is mischievous’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepredicate position of the modal adverbs is demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.157}) to (\ref{Example_5.160}). Typically, they precede the subject. This is illustrated with epistemic \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and \textitbf{pasti} ‘definitely’ in (\ref{Example_5.158}), and with evaluative \textitbf{akirnya} ‘finally’ in (\ref{Example_5.159}) and \textitbf{taw{\Tilde}taw} ‘suddenly’ in (\ref{Example_5.160}). Functioning at clause level, the epistemic adverbs introduce propositions which offer explanations and clarifications for the events depicted in the preceding discourse, while the evaluative adverbs provide an evaluation of the events described in the preceding discourse.
A: word: siapa	 gloss: who
B: word: memang	 gloss: indeed
C: word: temang	 gloss: friend
D: word: jadi	 gloss: so
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 268:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ orang itu tida keliatang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ person D.DIST NEG be.visible
The English translation of this sentence is:‘suddenly that person wasn’t visible (any longer)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepredicate position of the modal adverbs is demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.157}) to (\ref{Example_5.160}). Typically, they precede the subject. This is illustrated with epistemic \textitbf{memang} ‘indeed’ in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and \textitbf{pasti} ‘definitely’ in (\ref{Example_5.158}), and with evaluative \textitbf{akirnya} ‘finally’ in (\ref{Example_5.159}) and \textitbf{taw{\Tilde}taw} ‘suddenly’ in (\ref{Example_5.160}). Functioning at clause level, the epistemic adverbs introduce propositions which offer explanations and clarifications for the events depicted in the preceding discourse, while the evaluative adverbs provide an evaluation of the events described in the preceding discourse.
A: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
B: word: taw	 gloss: know
C: word: tamba	 gloss: add
D: word: taw~taw	 gloss: RDP~know
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 269:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kas tinggal, ___ de nakal
Gloss (with missing item): give stay ___ 3SG be.mischievous
The English translation of this sentence is:‘let it be, indeed, he is mischievous’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepredicate position of the modal adverbs is demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.157}) to (\ref{Example_5.160}). Typically, they precede the subject. This is illustrated with epistemic \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and \textitbf{pasti} ‘definitely’ in (\ref{Example_5.158}), and with evaluative \textitbf{akirnya} ‘finally’ in (\ref{Example_5.159}) and \textitbf{taw{\Tilde}taw} ‘suddenly’ in (\ref{Example_5.160}). Functioning at clause level, the epistemic adverbs introduce propositions which offer explanations and clarifications for the events depicted in the preceding discourse, while the evaluative adverbs provide an evaluation of the events described in the preceding discourse.
A: word: jadi	 gloss: so
B: word: memang	 gloss: indeed
C: word: temang	 gloss: friend
D: word: tinggi	 gloss: be.high
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 270:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ de pulang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3SG go.home
The English translation of this sentence is:‘certainly, she’ll come home’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepredicate position of the modal adverbs is demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.157}) to (\ref{Example_5.160}). Typically, they precede the subject. This is illustrated with epistemic \textitbf{memang} ‘indeed’ in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.158}), and with evaluative \textitbf{akirnya} ‘finally’ in (\ref{Example_5.159}) and \textitbf{taw{\Tilde}taw} ‘suddenly’ in (\ref{Example_5.160}). Functioning at clause level, the epistemic adverbs introduce propositions which offer explanations and clarifications for the events depicted in the preceding discourse, while the evaluative adverbs provide an evaluation of the events described in the preceding discourse.
A: word: pasti	 gloss: definitely
B: word: pas	 gloss: precisely
C: word: setiap	 gloss: every
D: word: sembu	 gloss: be.healed
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 271:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ asap~asap naik, langsung api menyala
Gloss (with missing item): ___ RDP~smoke ascend immediately fire flame
The English translation of this sentence is:‘finally smoke ascended, immediately the fire flared up’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepredicate position of the modal adverbs is demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.157}) to (\ref{Example_5.160}). Typically, they precede the subject. This is illustrated with epistemic \textitbf{memang} ‘indeed’ in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and \textitbf{pasti} ‘definitely’ in (\ref{Example_5.158}), and with evaluative \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.159}) and \textitbf{taw{\Tilde}taw} ‘suddenly’ in (\ref{Example_5.160}). Functioning at clause level, the epistemic adverbs introduce propositions which offer explanations and clarifications for the events depicted in the preceding discourse, while the evaluative adverbs provide an evaluation of the events described in the preceding discourse.
A: word: tanya	 gloss: ask
B: word: lagi	 gloss: again
C: word: oktober	 gloss: October
D: word: akirnya	 gloss: finally
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 272:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ orang itu tida keliatang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ person D.DIST NEG be.visible
The English translation of this sentence is:‘suddenly that person wasn’t visible (any longer)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prepredicate position of the modal adverbs is demonstrated in (\ref{Example_5.157}) to (\ref{Example_5.160}). Typically, they precede the subject. This is illustrated with epistemic \textitbf{memang} ‘indeed’ in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and \textitbf{pasti} ‘definitely’ in (\ref{Example_5.158}), and with evaluative \textitbf{akirnya} ‘finally’ in (\ref{Example_5.159}) and \textitbf{taw{\Tilde}taw} ‘suddenly’ in (\ref{Example_5.160}). Functioning at clause level, the epistemic adverbs introduce propositions which offer explanations and clarifications for the events depicted in the preceding discourse, while the evaluative adverbs provide an evaluation of the events described in the preceding discourse.
A: word: taw~taw	 gloss: RDP~know
B: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
C: word: timur	 gloss: east
D: word: taw	 gloss: know
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 273:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kas tinggal, ___ de nakal
Gloss (with missing item): give stay ___ 3SG be.mischievous
The English translation of this sentence is:‘let it be, indeed, he is mischievous’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While evaluative modal adverbs always precede the subject, most epistemic adverbs can take two prepredicate positions. Besides preceding the subject, as in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and (\ref{Example_5.158}), they can also directly precede the predicate. The exceptions are \textitbf{artinya} ‘that means’ and \textitbf{maksutnya} ‘that is to say’, both of which always precede the subject. This position directly preceding the predicate is illustrated with \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_5.161}) and with \textitbf{pasti} ‘definitely’ in (\ref{Example_5.162}) (compare both examples with the examples in (\ref{Example_5.157}) and (\ref{Example_5.158}), respectively). Both examples also show that modal adverbs not only occur in verbal clauses as in (\ref{Example_5.162}), but also in nonverbal clauses, as in (\ref{Example_5.161}).
A: word: temang	 gloss: friend
B: word: jadi	 gloss: so
C: word: orang	 gloss: person
D: word: memang	 gloss: indeed
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D