cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 101:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... kariawang dong ___ dong baru turung ini
Gloss (with missing item): ... employee 3PL ___ 3PL recently descend D.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:[Waiting for other boat passengers:] ‘the employees came recently down(stream) in groups of numerous people’ (Lit. ‘many-by-many’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplicated quantifiers signal distributiveness, as in (\ref{Example_4.61}) and (\ref{Example_4.62}).
A: word: banyak	 gloss: many
B: word: sedikit~sedikit	 gloss: RDP~few
C: word: ade~ade	 gloss: RDP~ySb
D: word: banyak~banyak	 gloss: RDP~many
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 102:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong blum isi, selaing dong isi ___ to?
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL not.yet fill besides 3PL fill ___ right?
The English translation of this sentence is:[About how best to distribute food during a retreat:] ‘they haven’t yet filled (their plates), moreover each one of them (should) fill (their plates with) little (food), right?’ (Lit. ‘little by little’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplicated quantifiers signal distributiveness, as in (\ref{Example_4.61}) and (\ref{Example_4.62}).
A: word: sedikit	 gloss: few
B: word: sedikit~sedikit	 gloss: RDP~few
C: word: banyak~banyak	 gloss: RDP~many
D: word: takut~takut	 gloss: RDP~feel.afraid(.of)
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 103:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ini bangung bangung bangung bangung
Gloss (with missing item): ___ D.PROX wake.up wake.up wake.up wake.up
The English translation of this sentence is:‘all of you here wake-up, wake-up, wake-up, wake-up’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Personal pronouns can be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.5} and §\ref{Para_6.1}). Reduplicated personal pronouns have three meaning aspects. Depending on the context, they signal \isi{collectivity}, disparagement, or \isi{imitation},\footnote{As mentioned in §\ref{Para_4.2.2.7}, the term ``\isi{imitation}'' includes meanings such as ``something is an \isi{imitation} of X'' or ``something is similar to X''.} as in (\ref{Example_4.63}) and in the elicited examples in (\ref{Example_4.64}) and (\ref{Example_4.65}), respectively.
A: word: siapa~siapa	 gloss: RDP~who
B: word: dorang~dorang	 gloss: RDP~3PL
C: word: kamu	 gloss: 2PL
D: word: kamu~kamu	 gloss: RDP~2PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 104:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): knapa ___ saja yang bapa kasi tugas
Gloss (with missing item): why ___ just REL father give duty
The English translation of this sentence is:‘why is it (always) poor me whom father gives chores’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Personal pronouns can be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.5} and §\ref{Para_6.1}). Reduplicated personal pronouns have three meaning aspects. Depending on the context, they signal \isi{collectivity}, disparagement, or \isi{imitation},\footnote{As mentioned in §\ref{Para_4.2.2.7}, the term ``\isi{imitation}'' includes meanings such as ``something is an \isi{imitation} of X'' or ``something is similar to X''.} as in (\ref{Example_4.63}) and in the elicited examples in (\ref{Example_4.64}) and (\ref{Example_4.65}), respectively.
A: word: saya	 gloss: 1SG
B: word: satu~satu	 gloss: RDP~one
C: word: tertawa~tertawa	 gloss: RDP~laugh
D: word: saya~saya	 gloss: RDP~1SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 105:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tra perna kasi bersi halamang
Gloss (with missing item): ___ NEG ever give be.clean yard
The English translation of this sentence is:‘people like them never clean (their) yard’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Personal pronouns can be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.5} and §\ref{Para_6.1}). Reduplicated personal pronouns have three meaning aspects. Depending on the context, they signal \isi{collectivity}, disparagement, or \isi{imitation},\footnote{As mentioned in §\ref{Para_4.2.2.7}, the term ``\isi{imitation}'' includes meanings such as ``something is an \isi{imitation} of X'' or ``something is similar to X''.} as in (\ref{Example_4.63}) and in the elicited examples in (\ref{Example_4.64}) and (\ref{Example_4.65}), respectively.
A: word: dorang	 gloss: 3PL
B: word: kamu~kamu	 gloss: RDP~2PL
C: word: om~om	 gloss: RDP~uncle
D: word: dorang~dorang	 gloss: RDP~3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 106:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): setela itu nanti buat ___
Gloss (with missing item): after D.DIST very.soon make ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘soon after that (they) did these various (things)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives and locatives can also be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.6} and §\ref{Para_5.7}, respectively). Reduplicated demonstratives express diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.66}) and (\ref{Example_4.67}).\footnote{Demonstrative sequences such as \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ also convey \isi{intensity} or emphasis, as discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_7.1.2.3}. Given its phonological properties, however, juxtaposed \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is not taken as an instance of partial \isi{reduplication}. As discussed in §\ref{Para_4.1.2}, partial \isi{reduplication} of the stem \textitbf{itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}’ should result in the reduplicated form \textitbf{it{\Tilde}itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}{\Tilde}\textsc{d.dist}’. Therefore, \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is taken as an instance of \isi{demonstrative} stacking (see §\ref{Para_5.6.4}).} Depending on the context, reduplicated locatives may signal diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.68}), or emphasize the core meaning of the respective \isi{locative}, as in (\ref{Example_4.69}).
A: word: sini~sini	 gloss: RDP~L.PROX
B: word: dekat	 gloss: near
C: word: paling~paling	 gloss: RDP~most
D: word: ini~ini	 gloss: RDP~D.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 107:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... yang laing ___ honorer smua itu
Gloss (with missing item): ... REL be.different ___ be.honorary all D.DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[there are no school teachers, only him and Markus,] (as for) the others, those various (teachers) are all honorary (teachers)’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives and locatives can also be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.6} and §\ref{Para_5.7}, respectively). Reduplicated demonstratives express diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.66}) and (\ref{Example_4.67}).\footnote{Demonstrative sequences such as \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ also convey \isi{intensity} or emphasis, as discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_7.1.2.3}. Given its phonological properties, however, juxtaposed \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is not taken as an instance of partial \isi{reduplication}. As discussed in §\ref{Para_4.1.2}, partial \isi{reduplication} of the stem \textitbf{itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}’ should result in the reduplicated form \textitbf{it{\Tilde}itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}{\Tilde}\textsc{d.dist}’. Therefore, \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is taken as an instance of \isi{demonstrative} stacking (see §\ref{Para_5.6.4}).} Depending on the context, reduplicated locatives may signal diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.68}), or emphasize the core meaning of the respective \isi{locative}, as in (\ref{Example_4.69}).
A: word: sana~sana	 gloss: RDP~LOC.DIST
B: word: itu~itu	 gloss: RDP~D.DIST
C: word: pahit~pahit	 gloss: RDP~be.bitter
D: word: situ~situ	 gloss: RDP~L.MED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 108:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi de bapa ke Jayapura tinggal ___
Gloss (with missing item): so 3SG father to Jayapura stay ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so her father (went) to Jayapura and lived there in a number of different places’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives and locatives can also be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.6} and §\ref{Para_5.7}, respectively). Reduplicated demonstratives express diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.66}) and (\ref{Example_4.67}).\footnote{Demonstrative sequences such as \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ also convey \isi{intensity} or emphasis, as discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_7.1.2.3}. Given its phonological properties, however, juxtaposed \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is not taken as an instance of partial \isi{reduplication}. As discussed in §\ref{Para_4.1.2}, partial \isi{reduplication} of the stem \textitbf{itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}’ should result in the reduplicated form \textitbf{it{\Tilde}itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}{\Tilde}\textsc{d.dist}’. Therefore, \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is taken as an instance of \isi{demonstrative} stacking (see §\ref{Para_5.6.4}).} Depending on the context, reduplicated locatives may signal diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.68}), or emphasize the core meaning of the respective \isi{locative}, as in (\ref{Example_4.69}).
A: word: sini~sini	 gloss: RDP~L.PROX
B: word: nakal~nakal	 gloss: RDP~be.mischievous
C: word: situ	 gloss: L.MED
D: word: situ~situ	 gloss: RDP~L.MED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 109:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... di sini ada air, mari ___
Gloss (with missing item): ... at L.PROX exist water hither ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘[(you) may fish from up here,] here is water, (come) here, right here’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives and locatives can also be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.6} and §\ref{Para_5.7}, respectively). Reduplicated demonstratives express diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.66}) and (\ref{Example_4.67}).\footnote{Demonstrative sequences such as \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ also convey \isi{intensity} or emphasis, as discussed in detail in §\ref{Para_7.1.2.3}. Given its phonological properties, however, juxtaposed \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is not taken as an instance of partial \isi{reduplication}. As discussed in §\ref{Para_4.1.2}, partial \isi{reduplication} of the stem \textitbf{itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}’ should result in the reduplicated form \textitbf{it{\Tilde}itu} ‘\textsc{d.dist}{\Tilde}\textsc{d.dist}’. Therefore, \textitbf{itu tu} ‘\textsc{d.dist} \textsc{d.dist}’ is taken as an instance of \isi{demonstrative} stacking (see §\ref{Para_5.6.4}).} Depending on the context, reduplicated locatives may signal diversity as in (\ref{Example_4.68}), or emphasize the core meaning of the respective \isi{locative}, as in (\ref{Example_4.69}).
A: word: ini~ini	 gloss: RDP~D.PROX
B: word: sring~sring	 gloss: RDP~often
C: word: sini	 gloss: L.PROX
D: word: sini~sini	 gloss: RDP~L.PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 110:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): yo, tida bole kas taw ___
Gloss (with missing item): yes NEG may give know ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘yes, (you) must not tell anybody’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Likewise, interrogatives can be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.8}). Reduplicated interrogatives signal \isi{indefiniteness} by referring to an unspecified group member, in the sense of ``any'' or ``Wh-ever''. This is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_4.70}) to (\ref{Example_4.73}); the example in (\ref{Example_4.73}) is elicited.
A: word: siapa~siapa	 gloss: RDP~who
B: word: orang~orang	 gloss: RDP~person
C: word: siapa	 gloss: who
D: word: tete~tete	 gloss: RDP~grandfather
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 111:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): di ___ smua pake ini, tajam besi ini
Gloss (with missing item): at ___ all use D.PROX be.sharp metal D.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:[About sagu production:] ‘wherever everybody uses it, this sharp metal’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Likewise, interrogatives can be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.8}). Reduplicated interrogatives signal \isi{indefiniteness} by referring to an unspecified group member, in the sense of ``any'' or ``Wh-ever''. This is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_4.70}) to (\ref{Example_4.73}); the example in (\ref{Example_4.73}) is elicited.
A: word: mana~mana	 gloss: RDP~where
B: word: kurus~kurus	 gloss: RDP~be.thin
C: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
D: word: mana	 gloss: where
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 112:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): di ___ smua pake ini, tajam besi ini
Gloss (with missing item): at ___ all use D.PROX be.sharp metal D.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:[About sagu production:] ‘wherever everybody uses it, this sharp metal’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Likewise, interrogatives can be reduplicated when used pronominally (for details on their different uses, see §\ref{Para_5.8}). Reduplicated interrogatives signal \isi{indefiniteness} by referring to an unspecified group member, in the sense of ``any'' or ``Wh-ever''. This is illustrated with the examples in (\ref{Example_4.70}) to (\ref{Example_4.73}); the example in (\ref{Example_4.73}) is elicited.
A: word: mana	 gloss: where
B: word: mana~mana	 gloss: RDP~where
C: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
D: word: tertawa~tertawa	 gloss: RDP~laugh
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 113:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): knapa kam ___ bangung dia, de masi mo tidor
Gloss (with missing item): why 2PL ___ wake.up 3SG 3SG still want sleep
The English translation of this sentence is:‘why do you keep waking him up?, he still wants to sleep’ (Lit. ‘give~give to wake up’)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplication of the \isi{causative} \isi{verb} \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ and \isi{reciprocity marker} \textitbf{baku} ‘\textsc{recp}’, as in (\ref{Example_4.74}) and (\ref{Example_4.75}) respectively, signals \isi{repetition} or \isi{continuation}. (For more details on \isi{causative} and reciprocal constructions, see §\ref{Para_11.2} and §\ref{Para_11.3}, respectively.)
A: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
B: word: kas~kas	 gloss: RDP~give
C: word: sedikit~sedikit	 gloss: RDP~few
D: word: kras~kras	 gloss: RDP~be.harsh
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 114:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): itu sampe tong ___ tawar ini deng doseng
Gloss (with missing item): D.DIST until 1PL ___ bargain D.PROX with lecturer
The English translation of this sentence is:‘it got to the point that we and the lecturer were arguing constantly with each other’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplication of the \isi{causative} \isi{verb} \textitbf{kasi} ‘give’ and \isi{reciprocity marker} \textitbf{baku} ‘\textsc{recp}’, as in (\ref{Example_4.74}) and (\ref{Example_4.75}) respectively, signals \isi{repetition} or \isi{continuation}. (For more details on \isi{causative} and reciprocal constructions, see §\ref{Para_11.2} and §\ref{Para_11.3}, respectively.)
A: word: baku~baku	 gloss: RDP~RECP
B: word: tertawa~tertawa	 gloss: RDP~laugh
C: word: baku	 gloss: RECP
D: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A