cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi sampe skarang laki~laki ___ kerja
Gloss (with missing item): so until now RDP~husband ___ work
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so until now the men are too listless / don’t like it at all to work’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: All but one of the derived words are low frequency words (28 lexemes, attested with less than 20 tokens). In addition, the token frequencies for the respective bases are (much) higher for most of the derived words (24 lexemes). While the 29 prefixed items are structurally nouns, four of them also have verbal functions in their actual uses: \textitbf{pamalas} ‘listless person, be very listless’, \textitbf{pandiam} ‘taciturn person, be very quiet’, \textitbf{panakut} ‘coward, be very fearful (of)’, and \textitbf{pencuri} ‘thief, steal (\textsc{emph})’. These items are investigated in more detail in (\ref{Example_3.26}) to (\ref{Example_3.29}).
A: word: pake–ang	 gloss: use–PAT
B: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
C: word: skarang	 gloss: now
D: word: pa–malas	 gloss: AG–be.listless
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): o kenal karna bapa kang biasa ___ kor
Gloss (with missing item): oh! know because father you.know usual ___ choir
The English translation of this sentence is:‘oh, (I) know (him), because, you know, the gentleman usually leads the choir’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Two of the derived nouns together with their verbal bases are given in context: \textitbf{pemim\-ping} ‘its gloss ___er’ and its \isi{bivalent} base \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘its gloss ___’ in (\ref{Example_3.22}) and (\ref{Example_3.23}), and \textitbf{pemuda} ‘youth’ and its \isi{monovalent} base \textitbf{muda} ‘be young’ in (\ref{Example_3.24}) and (\ref{Example_3.25}), respectively.
A: word: samping~samping	 gloss: RDP~side
B: word: kepala	 gloss: head
C: word: prempuang	 gloss: 10pt
D: word: pimping	 gloss: lead
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sa liat ___ di Takar banyak skali
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG see ___ at Takar many very
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I see (there are) very many young people in Takar’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Two of the derived nouns together with their verbal bases are given in context: \textitbf{pemim\-ping} ‘leader’ and its \isi{bivalent} base \textitbf{pimping} ‘lead’ in (\ref{Example_3.22}) and (\ref{Example_3.23}), and \textitbf{pemuda} ‘youth’ and its \isi{monovalent} base \textitbf{muda} ‘be young’ in (\ref{Example_3.24}) and (\ref{Example_3.25}), respectively.
A: word: ber–pikir	 gloss: VBLZ–think
B: word: pemuda	 gloss: youth
C: word: muda	 gloss: be.young
D: word: pe–muda	 gloss: AG–be.young
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kasi–ang masi ___ baru janda
Gloss (with missing item): love–PAT still ___ and.then widow
The English translation of this sentence is:‘poor thing, (she’s) still young but now (she’s) a widow’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Two of the derived nouns together with their verbal bases are given in context: \textitbf{pemim\-ping} ‘leader’ and its \isi{bivalent} base \textitbf{pimping} ‘lead’ in (\ref{Example_3.22}) and (\ref{Example_3.23}), and \textitbf{pethe morpheme ___} ‘youth’ and its \isi{monovalent} base \textitbf{the morpheme ___} ‘be young’ in (\ref{Example_3.24}) and (\ref{Example_3.25}), respectively.
A: word: ter–pengaru	 gloss: ACL–influence
B: word: pemuda	 gloss: youth
C: word: pe–muda	 gloss: AG–be.young
D: word: muda	 gloss: be.young
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi sampe skarang laki~laki ___ kerja
Gloss (with missing item): so until now RDP~husband ___ work
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so until now the men are too listless / don’t like it at all to work’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Four of the prefixed lexemes listed in \tabref{Table_3.11a} and \tabref{Table_3.11b} are nouns that can also receive an intensified verbal reading: \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ as in (\ref{Example_3.26}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ as in (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ as in (\ref{Example_3.28}), and \textitbf{pandiam} ‘be very quiet’ as in (\ref{Example_3.29}). In (\ref{Example_3.26}) \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ receives a verbal reading given that a nominal reading of \textitbf{pamalas kerja} ‘the lazy males work’ is inappropriate. In (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ has verbal function as only verbs are negated with \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (see §\ref{Para_5.3.6} and §\ref{Para_13.1.1}). In (\ref{Example_3.28}) \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ functions as a \isi{verb}, which is intensified with \textitbf{sampe} ‘reach’. The utterance in (\ref{Example_3.29}) is ambiguous, as \textitbf{pandiam} can receive the nominal reading ‘taciturn person’ or the verbal reading ‘be very quiet’.
A: word: pa–malas	 gloss: AG–be.listless
B: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
C: word: ter–paksa	 gloss: ACL–force
D: word: kadang	 gloss: sometimes
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong tra ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL NEG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(nowadays), they don’t steal (emph)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Four of the prefixed lexemes listed in \tabref{Table_3.11a} and \tabref{Table_3.11b} are nouns that can also receive an intensified verbal reading: \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ as in (\ref{Example_3.26}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ as in (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ as in (\ref{Example_3.28}), and \textitbf{pandiam} ‘be very quiet’ as in (\ref{Example_3.29}). In (\ref{Example_3.26}) \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ receives a verbal reading given that a nominal reading of \textitbf{pamalas kerja} ‘the lazy males work’ is inappropriate. In (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ has verbal function as only verbs are negated with \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (see §\ref{Para_5.3.6} and §\ref{Para_13.1.1}). In (\ref{Example_3.28}) \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ functions as a \isi{verb}, which is intensified with \textitbf{sampe} ‘reach’. The utterance in (\ref{Example_3.29}) is ambiguous, as \textitbf{pandiam} can receive the nominal reading ‘taciturn person’ or the verbal reading ‘be very quiet’.
A: word: pen–curi	 gloss: AG–steal
B: word: pimping	 gloss: lead
C: word: pencuri	 gloss: thief/steal
D: word: pen–datang	 gloss: AG–come
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi sampe skarang laki~laki ___ kerja
Gloss (with missing item): so until now RDP~husband ___ work
The English translation of this sentence is:‘so until now the men are too listless / don’t like it at all to work’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Four of the prefixed lexemes listed in \tabref{Table_3.11a} and \tabref{Table_3.11b} are nouns that can also receive an intensified verbal reading: \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ as in (\ref{Example_3.26}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ as in (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ as in (\ref{Example_3.28}), and \textitbf{pandiam} ‘be very quiet’ as in (\ref{Example_3.29}). In (\ref{Example_3.26}) \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ receives a verbal reading given that a nominal reading of \textitbf{pamalas kerja} ‘the lazy males work’ is inappropriate. In (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ has verbal function as only verbs are negated with \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (see §\ref{Para_5.3.6} and §\ref{Para_13.1.1}). In (\ref{Example_3.28}) \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ functions as a \isi{verb}, which is intensified with \textitbf{sampe} ‘reach’. The utterance in (\ref{Example_3.29}) is ambiguous, as \textitbf{pandiam} can receive the nominal reading ‘taciturn person’ or the verbal reading ‘be very quiet’.
A: word: badang	 gloss: body
B: word: pa–malas	 gloss: AG–be.listless
C: word: malas	 gloss: be.listless
D: word: ke–liat–ang	 gloss: NMLZ–see–NMLZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dong tra ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL NEG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(nowadays), they don’t steal (emph)!’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Four of the prefixed lexemes listed in \tabref{Table_3.11a} and \tabref{Table_3.11b} are nouns that can also receive an intensified verbal reading: \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ as in (\ref{Example_3.26}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ as in (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ as in (\ref{Example_3.28}), and \textitbf{pandiam} ‘be very quiet’ as in (\ref{Example_3.29}). In (\ref{Example_3.26}) \textitbf{pamalas} ‘be very listless’ receives a verbal reading given that a nominal reading of \textitbf{pamalas kerja} ‘the lazy males work’ is inappropriate. In (\ref{Example_3.27}), \textitbf{pencuri} ‘steal (\textsc{emph})’ has verbal function as only verbs are negated with \textitbf{tra} ‘\textsc{neg}’ (see §\ref{Para_5.3.6} and §\ref{Para_13.1.1}). In (\ref{Example_3.28}) \textitbf{panakut} ‘be very fearful (of)’ functions as a \isi{verb}, which is intensified with \textitbf{sampe} ‘reach’. The utterance in (\ref{Example_3.29}) is ambiguous, as \textitbf{pandiam} can receive the nominal reading ‘taciturn person’ or the verbal reading ‘be very quiet’.
A: word: pencuri	 gloss: thief/steal
B: word: pen–datang	 gloss: AG–come
C: word: pen–curi	 gloss: AG–steal
D: word: ana–nya	 gloss: child–3POSSR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 41:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): masi banyak yang melangar ___ Tuhang
Gloss (with missing item): still many REL collide.with ___ God
The English translation of this sentence is:‘(there are) still many who violate God’s commands’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In (\ref{Example_3.30}) and (\ref{Example_3.31}) one of the prefixed nouns and its \isi{nominal base} are given in context, namely \textitbf{pemrinta} ‘government’ and \textitbf{printa} ‘command’, respectively.
A: word: printa~printa	 gloss: RDP~command
B: word: minta~minta	 gloss: RDP~request
C: word: apa~apa	 gloss: RDP~what
D: word: biking	 gloss: make
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 42:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ... waktu saya ___ saya perlu makang pinang
Gloss (with missing item): ... time 1SG ___ 1SG need eat betel.nut
The English translation of this sentence is:‘\ldots when I hunt I need to chew betel nuts’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Prefix \textscItal{ber-} ‘\textsc{vblz}’ is typically attached to verbal bases, as in (\ref{Example_3.32}), or to nominal bases. Besides, the corpus also includes a few lexical items with \isi{numeral} and \isi{quantifier} bases. The prefixed lexemes have a verbal reading. As shown throughout this section, however, \isi{affixation} with \textscItal{ber-} ‘\textsc{vblz}’ is not used as a productive derivation device in Papuan Malay.
A: word: berburu	 gloss: hunt
B: word: ber–bicara	 gloss: VBLZ–speak
C: word: ber–buru	 gloss: VBLZ–hunt
D: word: nama	 gloss: name
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 43:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): memang sa punya ade sa juga ___ dengang dia
Gloss (with missing item): indeed 1SG POSS ySb 1SG also ___ with 3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘indeed (he was) my younger cousin, I’m also confused about him’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus includes 29 \textscItal{ber-}prefixed lexemes (with 227 tokens) with verbal bases, as listed in Table \ref{Table_3.16a} and Table \ref{Table_3.16b}. Of the 29 lexemes, 11 have \isi{monovalent} bases such as stative \textitbf{diam} ‘be quiet’ or dynamic \textitbf{jalang} ‘walk’. The remaining 18 items have \isi{bivalent} bases. Of these 18 prefixed lexemes, five have monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while 11 lexemes have intransitive uses only. These 16 lexemes have the same semantics as their \isi{bivalent} bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.33}) to (\ref{Example_3.43}). For the remaining two prefixed lexemes the semantics are distinct from those of their bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.44}) to (\ref{Example_3.50}). One of them has monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while the other one has intransitive uses only.
A: word: bingung	 gloss: be.confused
B: word: laing	 gloss: be.different
C: word: pake–ang	 gloss: use–PAT
D: word: bangung	 gloss: get.up
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baru nanti ___ untuk nika
Gloss (with missing item): and.then very.soon ___ for marry.officially
The English translation of this sentence is:[About wedding customs:] ‘and then very soon (they’ll) talk about marrying’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus includes 29 \textscItal{ber-}prefixed lexemes (with 227 tokens) with verbal bases, as listed in Table \ref{Table_3.16a} and Table \ref{Table_3.16b}. Of the 29 lexemes, 11 have \isi{monovalent} bases such as stative \textitbf{diam} ‘be quiet’ or dynamic \textitbf{jalang} ‘walk’. The remaining 18 items have \isi{bivalent} bases. Of these 18 prefixed lexemes, five have monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while 11 lexemes have intransitive uses only. These 16 lexemes have the same semantics as their \isi{bivalent} bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.33}) to (\ref{Example_3.43}). For the remaining two prefixed lexemes the semantics are distinct from those of their bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.44}) to (\ref{Example_3.50}). One of them has monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while the other one has intransitive uses only.
A: word: ber–bicara	 gloss: VBLZ–speak
B: word: bicara	 gloss: speak
C: word: makang–ang	 gloss: eat–PAT
D: word: ber–bahasa	 gloss: VBLZ–language
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): de ___ dorang tu untuk baik
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ 3PL D.DIST for be.good
The English translation of this sentence is:‘she teaches them there for (their own) good’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus includes 29 \textscItal{ber-}prefixed lexemes (with 227 tokens) with verbal bases, as listed in Table \ref{Table_3.16a} and Table \ref{Table_3.16b}. Of the 29 lexemes, 11 have \isi{monovalent} bases such as stative \textitbf{diam} ‘be quiet’ or dynamic \textitbf{jalang} ‘walk’. The remaining 18 items have \isi{bivalent} bases. Of these 18 prefixed lexemes, five have monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while 11 lexemes have intransitive uses only. These 16 lexemes have the same semantics as their \isi{bivalent} bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.33}) to (\ref{Example_3.43}). For the remaining two prefixed lexemes the semantics are distinct from those of their bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.44}) to (\ref{Example_3.50}). One of them has monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while the other one has intransitive uses only.
A: word: pake–ang	 gloss: use–PAT
B: word: ajar	 gloss: teach
C: word: bl–ajar	 gloss: VBLZ–teach
D: word: nama–nya	 gloss: name–3POSSR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Papuan Malay. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): skarang de mo ___
Gloss (with missing item): now 3SG want ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘then he wanted to leave’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus includes 29 \textscItal{ber-}prefixed lexemes (with 227 tokens) with verbal bases, as listed in Table \ref{Table_3.16a} and Table \ref{Table_3.16b}. Of the 29 lexemes, 11 have \isi{monovalent} bases such as stative \textitbf{diam} ‘be quiet’ or dynamic \textitbf{jalang} ‘walk’. The remaining 18 items have \isi{bivalent} bases. Of these 18 prefixed lexemes, five have monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while 11 lexemes have intransitive uses only. These 16 lexemes have the same semantics as their \isi{bivalent} bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.33}) to (\ref{Example_3.43}). For the remaining two prefixed lexemes the semantics are distinct from those of their bases, as shown in (\ref{Example_3.44}) to (\ref{Example_3.50}). One of them has monotransitive as well as intransitive uses, while the other one has intransitive uses only.
A: word: angkat	 gloss: lift
B: word: hujang	 gloss: rain
C: word: biasa	 gloss: be.usual
D: word: br–angkat	 gloss: VBLZ–lift
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D