cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 148:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ teeṇíi the bheénš ɡal-íi rhalá bheenš-á ___ ba čauráts ɡal-íi čaurats-í ǰhulí ba bhít-a ɡal-íi
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter REFL do.CV main.beam put.in-3SG on.top main.beam-OBL ___ TOP cross.beam put.in-3SG cross.beam-OBL on TOP plank-PL put.in-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter himself puts up the main beam, and then on top of the main beam he puts in the cross"=beams, and then on the cross"=beams he puts in planks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This particle, alits gloss ___g with its topic"=switching functiits gloss ___, may also be seen as a~device for signalling natural cits gloss ___tinuity, `and then{\ldots} and then', itself having a~cits gloss ___junctive functiits gloss ___, cits gloss ___necting its gloss ___e piece of discourse with the next, which is obvious when looking at example (\ref{ex:14-99}).
A: word: bhakulíil-u	 gloss: fatten.PFV"=MSG
B: word: ǰhulí	 gloss: on
C: word: oór	 gloss: and
D: word: teewiz-í	 gloss: amulet-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 149:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ teeṇíi the bheénš ɡal-íi rhalá bheenš-á ǰhulí ___ čauráts ɡal-íi čaurats-í ǰhulí ba bhít-a ɡal-íi
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter REFL do.CV main.beam put.in-3SG on.top main.beam-OBL on ___ cross.beam put.in-3SG cross.beam-OBL on TOP plank-PL put.in-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter himself puts up the main beam, and then on top of the main beam he puts in the cross"=beams, and then on the cross"=beams he puts in planks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This particle, along with its topic"=switching function, may also be seen as a~device for signalling natural continuity, `and then{\ldots} and then', itself having a~conjunctive function, connecting one piece of discourse with the next, which is obvious when looking at example (\ref{ex:14-99}).
A: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
B: word: yaába	 gloss: or
C: word: bi-áan-u	 gloss: go-PRS"=MSG
D: word: bheenš-á	 gloss: main.beam-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 150:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ teeṇíi the bheénš ɡal-íi rhalá bheenš-á ǰhulí ba čauráts ɡal-íi ___ ǰhulí ba bhít-a ɡal-íi
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter REFL do.CV main.beam put.in-3SG on.top main.beam-OBL on TOP cross.beam put.in-3SG ___ on TOP plank-PL put.in-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter himself puts up the main beam, and then on top of the main beam he puts in the cross"=beams, and then on the cross"=beams he puts in planks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This particle, along with its topic"=switching function, may also be seen as a~device for signalling natural continuity, `and then{\ldots} and then', itself having a~conjunctive function, connecting one piece of discourse with the next, which is obvious when looking at example (\ref{ex:14-99}).
A: word: ziaarat-íim	 gloss: shrine-PL.OBL
B: word: čauráts	 gloss: cross.beam
C: word: ɡubáa	 gloss: what
D: word: čaurats-í	 gloss: cross.beam-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 151:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ teeṇíi the bheénš ɡal-íi rhalá bheenš-á ǰhulí ba čauráts ɡal-íi čaurats-í ___ ba bhít-a ɡal-íi
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter REFL do.CV main.beam put.in-3SG on.top main.beam-OBL on TOP cross.beam put.in-3SG cross.beam-OBL ___ TOP plank-PL put.in-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter himself puts up the main beam, and then on top of the main beam he puts in the cross"=beams, and then on the cross"=beams he puts in planks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This particle, alits gloss ___g with its topic"=switching functiits gloss ___, may also be seen as a~device for signalling natural cits gloss ___tinuity, `and then{\ldots} and then', itself having a~cits gloss ___junctive functiits gloss ___, cits gloss ___necting its gloss ___e piece of discourse with the next, which is obvious when looking at example (\ref{ex:14-99}).
A: word: ǰhulí	 gloss: on
B: word: oór	 gloss: and
C: word: pahúrta	 gloss: after
D: word: bhakulíil-u	 gloss: fatten.PFV"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 152:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ teeṇíi the bheénš ɡal-íi rhalá bheenš-á ǰhulí ba čauráts ɡal-íi čaurats-í ǰhulí ___ bhít-a ɡal-íi
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter REFL do.CV main.beam put.in-3SG on.top main.beam-OBL on TOP cross.beam put.in-3SG cross.beam-OBL on ___ plank-PL put.in-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter himself puts up the main beam, and then on top of the main beam he puts in the cross"=beams, and then on the cross"=beams he puts in planks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This particle, along with its topic"=switching function, may also be seen as a~device for signalling natural continuity, `and then{\ldots} and then', itself having a~conjunctive function, connecting one piece of discourse with the next, which is obvious when looking at example (\ref{ex:14-99}).
A: word: ɡal-úum=ee	 gloss: throw-1SG=Q
B: word: baastaár	 gloss: bedding
C: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
D: word: yaába	 gloss: or
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 153:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ba ɡáaḍ-u zuaán míiš de
Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP grown-MSG young man be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for me, I was a~strong young man.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus the morpheme ___rked by ba in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) the morpheme ___y be described as a~cleft construction, where ba the morpheme ___rks focus that precedes the background.
A: word: ma	 gloss: 1SG.NOM
B: word: kíi	 gloss: whither
C: word: maníit-u	 gloss: say.PFV"=MSG
D: word: ziaarat-í	 gloss: shrine-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 154:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ ɡáaḍ-u zuaán míiš de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.NOM ___ grown-MSG young man be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for me, I was a~strong young man.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where the morpheme ___ marks focus that precedes the the morpheme ___ckground.
A: word: tarkaaṇ-íi	 gloss: carpenter-GEN
B: word: yaába	 gloss: or
C: word: phalúuṛ-u	 gloss: single-MSG
D: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 155:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ba kateeṇ-í ǰuánd
Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP what.kind-F life
The English translation of this sentence is:`What a life this is!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by ba in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where ba marks focus that precedes the background.
A: word: laṭ-ainíi	 gloss: search-VN
B: word: aní	 gloss: 3FSG.PROX.NOM
C: word: maníit-u	 gloss: say.PFV"=MSG
D: word: pašambeé	 gloss: Pashambi
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 156:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): aní ___ kateeṇ-í ǰuánd
Gloss (with missing item): 3FSG.PROX.NOM ___ what.kind-F life
The English translation of this sentence is:`What a life this is!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where the morpheme ___ marks focus that precedes the the morpheme ___ckground.
A: word: aakáak	 gloss: one.each
B: word: teeṇíi	 gloss: REFL
C: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
D: word: yaába	 gloss: or
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 157:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ kráam-a díi ba teeṇíi zaán bač th"=eeṇḍeéu
Gloss (with missing item): ___ work-OBL from TOP REFL self safe do-OBLG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bad manners [in particular] is what you must avoid.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by ba in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where ba marks focus that precedes the background.
A: word: lúuɡ-a	 gloss: strange-OBL
B: word: kháač-a	 gloss: bad-OBL
C: word: kháač-u	 gloss: bad-MSG
D: word: phalúuṛ-u	 gloss: single-MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 158:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kháač-a ___ díi ba teeṇíi zaán bač th"=eeṇḍeéu
Gloss (with missing item): bad-OBL ___ from TOP REFL self safe do-OBLG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bad manners [in particular] is what you must avoid.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by ba in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where ba marks focus that precedes the background.
A: word: kráam-a	 gloss: work-OBL
B: word: ba-yáan-u=aa	 gloss: go-PRS"=MSG=Q
C: word: kráam	 gloss: work
D: word: kram	 gloss: work
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 159:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kháač-a kráam-a ___ ba teeṇíi zaán bač th"=eeṇḍeéu
Gloss (with missing item): bad-OBL work-OBL ___ TOP REFL self safe do-OBLG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bad manners [in particular] is what you must avoid.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by ba in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where ba marks focus that precedes the background.
A: word: díi	 gloss: from
B: word: taayúu	 gloss: from.there
C: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
D: word: putr-íi	 gloss: son-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 160:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kháač-a kráam-a díi ___ teeṇíi zaán bač th"=eeṇḍeéu
Gloss (with missing item): bad-OBL work-OBL from ___ REFL self safe do-OBLG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Bad manners [in particular] is what you must avoid.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If not explicitly contrasted with any particular or easily definable entity in the preceding utterances, the reading is rather one of special emphasis put on the phrase thus marked by the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:14-100})--(\ref{ex:14-103}), sometimes corresponding to English `as for', other times corresponding to what would be intonationally signalled as somehow outstanding. Example (\ref{ex:14-104}) may be described as a~cleft construction, where the morpheme ___ marks focus that precedes the the morpheme ___ckground.
A: word: andáa=the	 gloss: like.that=do.CV
B: word: ɡá=bi=na	 gloss: what=also=NEG
C: word: yaába	 gloss: or
D: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 161:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): o méeš ___ ba
Gloss (with missing item): o aunt.VOC ___ TOP
The English translation of this sentence is:`O auntie, what about Katamosh?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This can be used also in questioning about the general whereabouts of a~particular person, as in (\ref{ex:14-105}).
A: word: kaṭamúš	 gloss: Katamosh
B: word: phedóol"=ii	 gloss: arrive.with.PPTC"=GEN
C: word: kaṭamuš-á	 gloss: Katamosh-OBL
D: word: kií	 gloss: who.OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 162:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): o méeš kaṭamúš ___
Gloss (with missing item): o aunt.VOC Katamosh ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`O auntie, what about Katamosh?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This can be used also in questioning about the general whereabouts of a~particular person, as in (\ref{ex:14-105}).
A: word: utrap"=ainií	 gloss: run-VN
B: word: phalúuṛ-u	 gloss: single-MSG
C: word: yaába	 gloss: or
D: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 163:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tasíi áak putr de ___ ba tasíi nóo de
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.GEN IDEF son be.PST ___ TOP 3SG.GEN name be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`He had a~son whose name was Ghazi Samad Khan.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes, it is difficult to see exactly what ba does other than signal a~switch in referentiality. That can be seen in how the entity pronominally referred to by the first tasíi `his' is not the same as that referred to by the second tasíi `his' in example (\ref{ex:14-106}).
A: word: ɣaazisamadxaán	 gloss: Ghazi.Samad.Khan
B: word: ɣeirat"=xaán	 gloss: Ghairat.Khan
C: word: kanáa=bhe	 gloss: like.what=become.CV
D: word: samaṭ-í	 gloss: collect-CV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 164:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tasíi áak putr de ɣaazisamadxaán ___ tasíi nóo de
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.GEN IDEF son be.PST Ghazi.Samad.Khan ___ 3SG.GEN name be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`He had a~son whose name was Ghazi Samad Khan.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Sometimes, it is difficult to see exactly what the morpheme ___ does other than signal a~switch in referentiality. That can be seen in how the entity pronominally referred to by the first tasíi `his' is not the same as that referred to by the second tasíi `his' in example (\ref{ex:14-106}).
A: word: kúṛi=ee	 gloss: woman=CNJ
B: word: dunia-í	 gloss: world-OBL
C: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
D: word: yaába	 gloss: or
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 165:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ šiǰrá ba eeteeṇ-ú ki míi putr-íi nóo umarseéd...
Gloss (with missing item): ___ line TOP like.this-MSG COMP 1SG.GEN son-GEN name Umar.Said
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for my line, it looks like this: My son's name is Umar Said{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A topic"=marked entity, as in (\ref{ex:14-107}) and (\ref{ex:14-108}), can also be further expanded in an~extraposed ki-construction.
A: word: thíi	 gloss: 2SG.GEN
B: word: čit"=aníi	 gloss: think-VN
C: word: míiš	 gloss: man
D: word: míi	 gloss: 1SG.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D