cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 185:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): paš-ainií dasturá ba eeṛó ki phoo-íi ɡhooṣṭ-íi tarapíi tasíi axpul-aán kuṛíina míiš-a teeṇíi se bhoóy paš-ainií ___ bi-áan-a
Gloss (with missing item): see-VN custom TOP DIST.NOM COMP boy-GEN house-GEN direction 3SG.GEN relative-PL woman.PL man-PL REFL DEF daughter"=in"=law see-VN ___ go-PRS"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`The custom of bride"=inspection, then, is the following: The relatives, men and women from the boy's house, go there, to see their daughter"=in law.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A its gloss ___pic"=marked entity, as in (\ref{ex:14-107}) and (\ref{ex:14-108}), can also be furthe morpheme ___r expanded in an~extraposed ki-construction.
A: word: bh-áanu	 gloss: become-PRS"=MSG
B: word: khúna	 gloss: near.to
C: word: theníi-e	 gloss: do.VN"=GEN
D: word: the	 gloss: to
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 186:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): paš-ainií dasturá ba eeṛó ki phoo-íi ɡhooṣṭ-íi tarapíi tasíi axpul-aán kuṛíina míiš-a teeṇíi se bhoóy paš-ainií the ___
Gloss (with missing item): see-VN custom TOP DIST.NOM COMP boy-GEN house-GEN direction 3SG.GEN relative-PL woman.PL man-PL REFL DEF daughter"=in"=law see-VN to ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`The custom of bride"=inspection, then, is the following: The relatives, men and women from the boy's house, go there, to see their daughter"=in law.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A topic"=marked entity, as in (\ref{ex:14-107}) and (\ref{ex:14-108}), can also be further expanded in an~extraposed ki-construction.
A: word: pahúrta	 gloss: after
B: word: man-áan-a	 gloss: say-PRS"=MPL
C: word: bi-áan-u	 gloss: go-PRS"=MSG
D: word: bi-áan-a	 gloss: go-PRS"=MPL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 187:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ba aṭíl-i hín-i ɡabarúuṭ-ii putr-óom
Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F Gabaroot-GEN son-PL.OBL
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: teeṇíi	 gloss: REFL
B: word: islaám	 gloss: Islam
C: word: ǰumeet-í	 gloss: mosque-OBL
D: word: salaám	 gloss: greeting
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 188:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): islaám ___ aṭíl-i hín-i ɡabarúuṭ-ii putr-óom
Gloss (with missing item): Islam ___ bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F Gabaroot-GEN son-PL.OBL
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with the morpheme ___ and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with the morpheme ___, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverthe morpheme ___l position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
B: word: haál	 gloss: hall
C: word: yaába	 gloss: or
D: word: ɡubáa	 gloss: what
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 189:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): islaám ba aṭíl-i hín-i ___ putr-óom
Gloss (with missing item): Islam TOP bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F ___ son-PL.OBL
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: ɡabarúuṭ-ii	 gloss: Gabaroot-GEN
B: word: muṭ-í	 gloss: tree-GEN
C: word: ɣulaamseedmalak-íi	 gloss: Ghulam.Seyd.Malak-GEN
D: word: teeṇíi	 gloss: REFL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 190:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): islaám ba aṭíl-i hín-i ɡabarúuṭ-ii ___
Gloss (with missing item): Islam TOP bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F Gabaroot-GEN ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: putr-óom	 gloss: son-PL.OBL
B: word: putr-á	 gloss: son-OBL
C: word: musibat-íi	 gloss: trouble-GEN
D: word: ɡubáa-ii	 gloss: what-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 191:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúli yhaí ___ bhróo ba tíi phrayíl-u saaw-á the
Gloss (with missing item): Dir come.CV ___ brother TOP 3SG.OBL send.PFV"=MSG Sau-OBL to
The English translation of this sentence is:`When he had come to Dir, there was one brother that he sent to Sau.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for its gloss ___ of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: míiš	 gloss: man
B: word: khayáak	 gloss: which.one
C: word: áak	 gloss: one
D: word: aak-áak	 gloss: RED-one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 192:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúli yhaí áak ___ ba tíi phrayíl-u saaw-á the
Gloss (with missing item): Dir come.CV one ___ TOP 3SG.OBL send.PFV"=MSG Sau-OBL to
The English translation of this sentence is:`When he had come to Dir, there was one brother that he sent to Sau.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: bhróo	 gloss: brother
B: word: bhraapútr	 gloss: nephew
C: word: ɡhróom-a	 gloss: village-OBL
D: word: ɡhooṣṭ-áam	 gloss: house-PL.OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 193:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúli yhaí áak bhróo ___ tíi phrayíl-u saaw-á the
Gloss (with missing item): Dir come.CV one brother ___ 3SG.OBL send.PFV"=MSG Sau-OBL to
The English translation of this sentence is:`When he had come to Dir, there was one brother that he sent to Sau.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with the morpheme ___ and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with the morpheme ___, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverthe morpheme ___l position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: čit"=aníi	 gloss: think-VN
B: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
C: word: buṭheé	 gloss: all
D: word: yaába	 gloss: or
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 194:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúli yhaí áak bhróo ba tíi phrayíl-u ___ the
Gloss (with missing item): Dir come.CV one brother TOP 3SG.OBL send.PFV"=MSG ___ to
The English translation of this sentence is:`When he had come to Dir, there was one brother that he sent to Sau.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: úuč-a	 gloss: Uch-OBL
B: word: saaw-á	 gloss: Sau-OBL
C: word: paaw-á	 gloss: quarter-PL
D: word: bh-áanu	 gloss: become-PRS"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 195:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúli yhaí áak bhróo ba tíi phrayíl-u saaw-á ___
Gloss (with missing item): Dir come.CV one brother TOP 3SG.OBL send.PFV"=MSG Sau-OBL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`When he had come to Dir, there was one brother that he sent to Sau.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the morpheme ___ cross"=referencing between a~its gloss ___pic marked with ba and the morpheme ___ content of a ki-clause, it seems that the morpheme ___ marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the morpheme ___ othe morpheme ___r arguments its gloss ___ be extraposed its gloss ___ a~postverbal position, as is the morpheme ___ case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds its gloss ___ a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the morpheme ___ othe morpheme ___rwise regular ergative case marking of the morpheme ___ extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the morpheme ___ extraposed argument is a~matter for furthe morpheme ___r research.
A: word: the	 gloss: to
B: word: khúna	 gloss: near.to
C: word: theníi-e	 gloss: do.VN"=GEN
D: word: čit"=aníi	 gloss: think-VN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 196:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ba aṭíl-i hín-i ɡabarúuṭ-ii putr-óom
Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F Gabaroot-GEN son-PL.OBL
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: salaám	 gloss: greeting
B: word: ǰumeet-í	 gloss: mosque-OBL
C: word: bi-áan-a	 gloss: go-PRS"=MPL
D: word: islaám	 gloss: Islam
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 197:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): islaám ___ aṭíl-i hín-i ɡabarúuṭ-ii putr-óom
Gloss (with missing item): Islam ___ bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F Gabaroot-GEN son-PL.OBL
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with the morpheme ___ and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with the morpheme ___, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverthe morpheme ___l position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
B: word: kúuk-a	 gloss: crow-PL
C: word: yaába	 gloss: or
D: word: yh-úum	 gloss: com-1SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 198:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): islaám ba aṭíl-i hín-i ___ putr-óom
Gloss (with missing item): Islam TOP bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F ___ son-PL.OBL
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: muṭ-í	 gloss: tree-GEN
B: word: ɣulaamseedmalak-íi	 gloss: Ghulam.Seyd.Malak-GEN
C: word: ɡabarúuṭ-ii	 gloss: Gabaroot-GEN
D: word: húkum	 gloss: order
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 199:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): islaám ba aṭíl-i hín-i ɡabarúuṭ-ii ___
Gloss (with missing item): Islam TOP bring.PFV-F be.PRS-F Gabaroot-GEN ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is Gabaroot's sons who brought Islam [here].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the cross"=referencing between a~topic marked with ba and the content of a ki-clause, it seems that the marking of a~non"=subject entity with ba, allows for one of the other arguments to be extraposed to a~postverbal position, as is the case in (\ref{ex:14-109}) and (\ref{ex:14-110}). Although (\ref{ex:14-109}) corresponds to a~passive construction in English, it is not passive in Palula, which is seen in the otherwise regular ergative case marking of the extraposed agent subject. The exact information status of the extraposed argument is a~matter for further research.
A: word: putr-óom	 gloss: son-PL.OBL
B: word: putr-á	 gloss: son-OBL
C: word: heenṣúka	 gloss: this.year
D: word: iskuúl	 gloss: school
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 200:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áa kúṛi ǰabá wée teeṇíi biǰéel-i dhi-á tasíi heensíl-im de ___ phalúuṛ-u ba putr de
Gloss (with missing item): IDEF woman grass in REFL several-F daughter-PL 3SG.GEN stay.PFV"=FPL PST ___ single-MSG TOP son be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`A woman had with her on the lawn all her daughters and a single son.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Switch"=topic marked entities are by no means confined to participants in the clause or even noun phrases. Almost any word or phrase can be highlighted and brought to the foreground by ba: a~noun modifier, as in (\ref{ex:14-111}) and (\ref{ex:14-114}), an~adverbial (\ref{ex:14-112}) or a~locative expression (\ref{ex:14-113}).
A: word: ukháat-u	 gloss: come.up.PFV"=MSG
B: word: áa	 gloss: IDEF
C: word: čit"=aníi	 gloss: think-VN
D: word: tíi	 gloss: 3SG.OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B