cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): hasó tohfá {\ob}phedíl-u ___ na phedíl-u{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): REM.MSG.NOM gift arrive.PFV"=MSG ___ NEG arrive.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did this gift arrive or not?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Sentential and phrasal disjunction the mits gloss ___pheme ___.} A semantically equivalent construction presenting mutual exclusivity is also found, as in (\ref{ex:13-35})--(\ref{ex:13-36}), with a~particle the mits gloss ___pheme ___.
A: word: báaba	 gloss: father.OBL
B: word: oór	 gloss: and
C: word: ki	 gloss: or
D: word: kir	 gloss: snow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): buǰ-áan-u ba na ki nu ɡa šay {\ob}karáaṛu ___ iṇc̣ ki nu ɡa čiíz{\cb} thaní
Gloss (with missing item): understand-PRS"=MSG TOP NEG COMP 3MSG.PROX.NOM some thing leopard ___ bear or 3MSG.PROX.NOM some thing QUOT
The English translation of this sentence is:`I couldn't recognise the thing, whether it was a~leopard or a~bear or something else.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Sentential and phrasal disjunction the mits gloss ___pheme ___.} A semantically equivalent construction presenting mutual exclusivity is also found, as in (\ref{ex:13-35})--(\ref{ex:13-36}), with a~particle the mits gloss ___pheme ___.
A: word: ki	 gloss: or
B: word: oór	 gloss: and
C: word: kir	 gloss: snow
D: word: pašaá	 gloss: show.CV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): buǰ-áan-u ba na ki nu ɡa šay {\ob}karáaṛu ki iṇc̣ ___ nu ɡa čiíz{\cb} thaní
Gloss (with missing item): understand-PRS"=MSG TOP NEG COMP 3MSG.PROX.NOM some thing leopard or bear ___ 3MSG.PROX.NOM some thing QUOT
The English translation of this sentence is:`I couldn't recognise the thing, whether it was a~leopard or a~bear or something else.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Sentential and phrasal disjunction the mits gloss ___pheme ___.} A semantically equivalent construction presenting mutual exclusivity is also found, as in (\ref{ex:13-35})--(\ref{ex:13-36}), with a~particle the mits gloss ___pheme ___.
A: word: islaamabaad-á	 gloss: Islamabad-OBL
B: word: oór	 gloss: and
C: word: ki	 gloss: or
D: word: kir	 gloss: snow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ zinaawur-á tas the ɡa asár thíil-i de na ɡhrast-á thíil-i de
Gloss (with missing item): ___ beast-OBL 3SG.ACC to what effect do.PFV-F PST NEG wolf-OBL do.PFV-F PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`No wolf or any other wild animal had touched him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection with \textit{the morpheme ___{\ldots}the morpheme ___}.} Rejection can be expressed simply with a~phrase- or clause"=initial negation the morpheme ___, as exemplified in (\ref{ex:13-37}) and (\ref{ex:13-38}).
A: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
B: word: islaamabaad-á	 gloss: Islamabad-OBL
C: word: na	 gloss: NEG
D: word: hín-u	 gloss: be.PRS"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): na zinaawur-á tas the ɡa asár thíil-i de ___ ɡhrast-á thíil-i de
Gloss (with missing item): NEG beast-OBL 3SG.ACC to what effect do.PFV-F PST ___ wolf-OBL do.PFV-F PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`No wolf or any other wild animal had touched him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection with \textit{the morpheme ___{\ldots}the morpheme ___}.} Rejection can be expressed simply with a~phrase- or clause"=initial negation the morpheme ___, as exemplified in (\ref{ex:13-37}) and (\ref{ex:13-38}).
A: word: pruɡraám	 gloss: programme
B: word: čula-íim	 gloss: wave-CPRD
C: word: na	 gloss: NEG
D: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): se {\ob}na kasíi xaadí dac̣h-éen-i ___ kasíi marɡ dac̣h-éen-i{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): 3FSG.NOM NEG anyone.GEN happiness look-PRS-F ___ anyone.GEN death look-PRS-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`She doesn't have a care for anyone's happiness or sorrow.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection with \textit{the morpheme ___{\ldots}the morpheme ___}.} Rejection can be expressed simply with a~phrase- or clause"=initial negation the morpheme ___, as exemplified in (\ref{ex:13-37}) and (\ref{ex:13-38}).
A: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
B: word: bhiš=ee=ṣó	 gloss: twenty=and=six
C: word: théeba	 gloss: then
D: word: na	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ta tanaám the dít-i na ba asaám the dít-i
Gloss (with missing item): ___ CNTR 3PL.ACC to give.PFV-F NEG TOP 1PL.ACC to give.PFV-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`They didn't give them to us or to anyone else.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{the morpheme ___ ta{\ldots}the morpheme ___ ba}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{ta{\ldots}ba}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordithe morpheme ___tion'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: na	 gloss: NEG
B: word: insaán=ee	 gloss: human.being=Q
C: word: amzarái	 gloss: lion
D: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): na ___ tanaám the dít-i na ba asaám the dít-i
Gloss (with missing item): NEG ___ 3PL.ACC to give.PFV-F NEG TOP 1PL.ACC to give.PFV-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`They didn't give them to us or to anyone else.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{na the morpheme ___{\ldots}na ba}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{the morpheme ___{\ldots}ba}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordination'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: yh-óoi	 gloss: come-IMP.PL
B: word: rhootašíi-a	 gloss: morning-OBL
C: word: keé	 gloss: why
D: word: ta	 gloss: CNTR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 41:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): na ta tanaám the dít-i ___ ba asaám the dít-i
Gloss (with missing item): NEG CNTR 3PL.ACC to give.PFV-F ___ TOP 1PL.ACC to give.PFV-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`They didn't give them to us or to anyone else.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{the morpheme ___ ta{\ldots}the morpheme ___ ba}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{ta{\ldots}ba}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordithe morpheme ___tion'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: na	 gloss: NEG
B: word: dawainíi-a	 gloss: ask.VN"=OBL
C: word: ṣuunt-u=wáand-u	 gloss: hear.PPTC"=MSG=ADJ"=MSG
D: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 42:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): na ta tanaám the dít-i na ___ asaám the dít-i
Gloss (with missing item): NEG CNTR 3PL.ACC to give.PFV-F NEG ___ 1PL.ACC to give.PFV-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`They didn't give them to us or to anyone else.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{na ta{\ldots}na the morpheme ___}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{ta{\ldots}the morpheme ___}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordination'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
B: word: yaába	 gloss: or
C: word: har	 gloss: every
D: word: preeṣaá	 gloss: squeeze.CV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 43:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dúi ba {\ob}na ___ duaá thíil-u na ba ɡa háanǰ-a dít-a{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): other TOP NEG ___ prayer do.PFV"=MS.G NEG TOP any curse-PL give.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, neither did he pray, nor did he utter any curses.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{na the morpheme ___{\ldots}na ba}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{the morpheme ___{\ldots}ba}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordination'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: ta	 gloss: CNTR
B: word: rhootašíi-a	 gloss: morning-OBL
C: word: yhéel-i	 gloss: come.PFV-\TEXTBF{\TEXTSC{F}}
D: word: teeṇ-teeṇíi	 gloss: RED"=REFL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dúi ba {\ob}na ta duaá thíil-u ___ ba ɡa háanǰ-a dít-a{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): other TOP NEG CNTR prayer do.PFV"=MS.G ___ TOP any curse-PL give.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, neither did he pray, nor did he utter any curses.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{the morpheme ___ ta{\ldots}the morpheme ___ ba}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{ta{\ldots}ba}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordithe morpheme ___tion'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
B: word: ṭhak"=ainií	 gloss: shake.down-VN
C: word: utrap-íim	 gloss: run-CPRD
D: word: na	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dúi ba {\ob}na ta duaá thíil-u na ___ ɡa háanǰ-a dít-a{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): other TOP NEG CNTR prayer do.PFV"=MS.G NEG ___ any curse-PL give.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, neither did he pray, nor did he utter any curses.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{Rejection using ``adversative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{na ta{\ldots}na the morpheme ___}.} It should be noted that the word order (the particle vis-à-vis the contrasted constituent) is the reverse compared with the one found in the conjunctive construction with \textit{ta{\ldots}the morpheme ___}. It could also be classified as an ``emphatic negative coordination'' \citep[17--19]{haspelmath2007}. Examples are given in (\ref{ex:13-39}) and (\ref{ex:13-40}).
A: word: yaába	 gloss: or
B: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
C: word: zaxmát	 gloss: wounded
D: word: ɡhooṣṭ-á	 gloss: house-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): méeǰi {\ob}na ___ ṣoo-íi tarap-íi ɡa faaidá=ee na ba barawulxáan-ii tarap-íi ɡa faaidá{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): between NEG ___ king-GEN direction-GEN any benefit=CNJ NEG TOP Barawul.Khan-GEN direction-GEN any benefit
The English translation of this sentence is:`There were no benefits attached, neither from the king's side, nor from Barawul Khan.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As can be seen in (\ref{ex:13-41}), the strategy also occurs in combination with the conjunctive marker ee.
A: word: duṣmán	 gloss: enemy
B: word: man-áan=ee	 gloss: say-PRS"=MPL=CNJ
C: word: rhootašíi-a	 gloss: morning-OBL
D: word: ta	 gloss: CNTR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): méeǰi {\ob}na ta ṣoo-íi tarap-íi ɡa ___ na ba barawulxáan-ii tarap-íi ɡa faaidá{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): between NEG CNTR king-GEN direction-GEN any ___ NEG TOP Barawul.Khan-GEN direction-GEN any benefit
The English translation of this sentence is:`There were no benefits attached, neither from the king's side, nor from Barawul Khan.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As can be seen in (\ref{ex:13-41}), the strategy also occurs in combination with the conjunctive marker ee.
A: word: phaaidá	 gloss: benefit
B: word: muqaabilá	 gloss: contest
C: word: kh-áai	 gloss: eat-INF
D: word: faaidá=ee	 gloss: benefit=CNJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): méeǰi {\ob}na ta ṣoo-íi tarap-íi ɡa faaidá=ee ___ ba barawulxáan-ii tarap-íi ɡa faaidá{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): between NEG CNTR king-GEN direction-GEN any benefit=CNJ ___ TOP Barawul.Khan-GEN direction-GEN any benefit
The English translation of this sentence is:`There were no benefits attached, neither from the king's side, nor from Barawul Khan.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As can be seen in (\ref{ex:13-41}), the strategy also occurs in combithe morpheme ___tion with the conjunctive marker ee.
A: word: na	 gloss: NEG
B: word: ǰinaazá	 gloss: corpse
C: word: atshareet-á	 gloss: Ashret-OBL
D: word: xabaár	 gloss: news
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): méeǰi {\ob}na ta ṣoo-íi tarap-íi ɡa faaidá=ee na ___ barawulxáan-ii tarap-íi ɡa faaidá{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): between NEG CNTR king-GEN direction-GEN any benefit=CNJ NEG ___ Barawul.Khan-GEN direction-GEN any benefit
The English translation of this sentence is:`There were no benefits attached, neither from the king's side, nor from Barawul Khan.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As can be seen in (\ref{ex:13-41}), the strategy also occurs in combination with the conjunctive marker ee.
A: word: muṛ-u=bhaáu	 gloss: die.PPTC"=MSG=ADJ
B: word: ba	 gloss: TOP
C: word: ɡúum"=ii	 gloss: go.PPTC.MSG"=GEN
D: word: yaába	 gloss: or
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dac̣h-íin ta {\ob}kaṭamúš ___ náin-u iṇc̣ bi náin-u{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): look-3PL SUB Katamosh ___ not.be.PRS"=MSG bear also not.be.PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`They saw that neither Katamosh nor the bear was there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Rejection using ``separative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{the morpheme ___ na{\ldots}the morpheme ___ na}, is illustrated in (\ref{ex:13-42})--(\ref{ex:13-43}).
A: word: muqaabilá	 gloss: contest
B: word: súun-a	 gloss: pasture-OBL
C: word: bi	 gloss: also
D: word: dand-á	 gloss: ridge-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dac̣h-íin ta {\ob}kaṭamúš bi ___ iṇc̣ bi náin-u{\cb}
Gloss (with missing item): look-3PL SUB Katamosh also ___ bear also not.be.PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`They saw that neither Katamosh nor the bear was there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Rejection using ``separative'' conjunction and negation, \textit{bi na{\ldots}bi na}, is illustrated in (\ref{ex:13-42})--(\ref{ex:13-43}).
A: word: padúši	 gloss: after
B: word: náin-i	 gloss: NEG.be.PRS-F
C: word: daarulxalaafá	 gloss: capital
D: word: náin-u	 gloss: not.be.PRS"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D