cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ɡa na láad-u
Gloss (with missing item): ___ anything NEG find.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`They didn't find anything.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A pronoun, as the morpheme ___ and ɡa in (\ref{ex:10-1}).
A: word: táapeṛ-e	 gloss: hill-GEN
B: word: taníi	 gloss: 3PL.REM.GEN
C: word: ṛaním	 gloss: 3PL.DIST.ERG
D: word: taním	 gloss: 3PL.ERG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): taním ___ na láad-u
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.ERG ___ NEG find.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`They didn't find anything.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A pronoun, as taním and the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:10-1}).
A: word: ǰanɡ	 gloss: war
B: word: ɡaíl-u	 gloss: throw.PFV"=MSG
C: word: ɡáaḍ-u	 gloss: big-MSG
D: word: ɡa	 gloss: anything
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ǰhaní thainií zarurí bháanu
Gloss (with missing item): ___ marriage do.VN necessity become.PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is necessary to get one's son married [lit: Making a~son's marriage becomes a~necessity].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A nominalised clause, as the one headed by the Verbal Noun thainií in (\ref{ex:10-2}).
A: word: putr-óom	 gloss: son-PL.OBL
B: word: putríi	 gloss: son-GEN
C: word: phoo-íi	 gloss: boy-GEN
D: word: ḍizeen-í	 gloss: design-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): putríi ___ thainií zarurí bháanu
Gloss (with missing item): son-GEN ___ do.VN necessity become.PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is necessary to get one's son married [lit: Making a~son's marriage becomes a~necessity].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A nominalised clause, as the one headed by the Verbal Noun thainií in (\ref{ex:10-2}).
A: word: bharíiw	 gloss: husband
B: word: dúi	 gloss: other
C: word: ǰhaníi	 gloss: wedding.GEN
D: word: ǰhaní	 gloss: marriage
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): putríi ǰhaní ___ zarurí bháanu
Gloss (with missing item): son-GEN marriage ___ necessity become.PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is necessary to get one's son married [lit: Making a~son's marriage becomes a~necessity].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A nominalised clause, as the one headed by the Verbal Noun the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:10-2}).
A: word: khainií	 gloss: eat.VN
B: word: th"=ainií	 gloss: do-VN
C: word: zuaán	 gloss: young.adult
D: word: thainií	 gloss: do.VN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ so tuúš tukṛá mhaás aṭ-í qábur the aṭ-í tíi wée ḍhanɡóol-u
Gloss (with missing item): ___ DEF.MSG.NOM some piece flesh bring-CV grave to bring-CV 3SG.OBL in bury.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] brought some piece of the flesh to the grave and buried it there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Or a~noun head, with or without preceding modifiers, as can be seen in (\ref{ex:10-3}).
A: word: ṣiṣ-íi	 gloss: head-GEN
B: word: tas	 gloss: 3SG.ACC
C: word: ṣiṣ-á	 gloss: head-OBL
D: word: mux-íi	 gloss: face-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṣiṣ-íi ___ tuúš tukṛá mhaás aṭ-í qábur the aṭ-í tíi wée ḍhanɡóol-u
Gloss (with missing item): head-GEN ___ some piece flesh bring-CV grave to bring-CV 3SG.OBL in bury.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] brought some piece of the flesh to the grave and buried it there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Or a~noun head, with or without preceding modifiers, as can be seen in (\ref{ex:10-3}).
A: word: so	 gloss: DEF.MSG.NOM
B: word: soóč	 gloss: thinking
C: word: dóod-a	 gloss: grandfather-OBL
D: word: bakáara-m	 gloss: flock-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṣiṣ-íi so ___ tukṛá mhaás aṭ-í qábur the aṭ-í tíi wée ḍhanɡóol-u
Gloss (with missing item): head-GEN DEF.MSG.NOM ___ piece flesh bring-CV grave to bring-CV 3SG.OBL in bury.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] brought some piece of the flesh to the grave and buried it there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Or a~noun head, with or without preceding modifiers, as can be seen in (\ref{ex:10-3}).
A: word: tus	 gloss: 2PL.NOM
B: word: khéli	 gloss: quite.some
C: word: tuúš	 gloss: some
D: word: ḍaaku"=aan-óom"=ii	 gloss: robber-PL"=OBL"=GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṣiṣ-íi so tuúš ___ mhaás aṭ-í qábur the aṭ-í tíi wée ḍhanɡóol-u
Gloss (with missing item): head-GEN DEF.MSG.NOM some ___ flesh bring-CV grave to bring-CV 3SG.OBL in bury.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] brought some piece of the flesh to the grave and buried it there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Or a~noun head, with or without preceding modifiers, as can be seen in (\ref{ex:10-3}).
A: word: takṛá	 gloss: strong
B: word: tukṛá	 gloss: piece
C: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
D: word: ḍáḍi	 gloss: side
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṣiṣ-íi so tuúš tukṛá ___ aṭ-í qábur the aṭ-í tíi wée ḍhanɡóol-u
Gloss (with missing item): head-GEN DEF.MSG.NOM some piece ___ bring-CV grave to bring-CV 3SG.OBL in bury.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] brought some piece of the flesh to the grave and buried it there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Or a~noun head, with or without preceding modifiers, as can be seen in (\ref{ex:10-3}).
A: word: mhaaranií	 gloss: kill.VN
B: word: ukh-áai	 gloss: ascend-INF
C: word: mhaás	 gloss: flesh
D: word: maidóon	 gloss: field
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṣiṣ-íi so tuúš tukṛá mhaás aṭ-í ___ the aṭ-í tíi wée ḍhanɡóol-u
Gloss (with missing item): head-GEN DEF.MSG.NOM some piece flesh bring-CV ___ to bring-CV 3SG.OBL in bury.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He] brought some piece of the flesh to the grave and buried it there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Or a~noun head, with or without preceding modifiers, as can be seen in (\ref{ex:10-3}).
A: word: qábur	 gloss: grave
B: word: qaribán	 gloss: about
C: word: bheš-í	 gloss: sit.down-CV
D: word: qáburee	 gloss: in.grave
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so ba ___ maidóon
Gloss (with missing item): 3MSG.NOM TOP ___ field
The English translation of this sentence is:`It was a~big field.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Adjectives or adjective phrases} are descriptive in nature, often capturing inherent properties or qualities of the entity referred to by the head noun. They may consist of a~single adjective, as ɡáaḍu in (\ref{ex:10-4}).
A: word: kuṇaak-á	 gloss: child-PL
B: word: ɡáaḍ-u	 gloss: big-MSG
C: word: ɡáaḍ-am	 gloss: big-MPL.OBL
D: word: utháal-u	 gloss: high-MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so ba ɡáaḍ-u ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3MSG.NOM TOP big-MSG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`It was a~big field.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Adjectives or adjective phrases} are descriptive in nature, often capturing inherent properties or qualities of the entity referred to by the head noun. They may consist of a~single adjective, as ɡáaḍu in (\ref{ex:10-4}).
A: word: paidóo	 gloss: born
B: word: maidóon	 gloss: field
C: word: maidaaní	 gloss: of.field
D: word: zaalim"=aan-óom	 gloss: brute-PL"=OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): se insaan-á ___ dhríɡ-i bhakúl-i lhaléemi ɡhin-í
Gloss (with missing item): DEF human-OBL ___ long-F thick-F stick take-CV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The man took a~long, thick stick{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An adjective phrase can also be complex. It can consist of two or more adjectives, symmetrically related to each other, such as dhríɡi and bhakúli in (\ref{ex:10-5}), both pointing to certain characteristics of the noun they modify.
A: word: tíi	 gloss: 3SG.OBL
B: word: ukháat-u	 gloss: come.up.PFV"=MSG
C: word: míiš-ii	 gloss: man-GEN
D: word: áa	 gloss: IDEF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): se insaan-á áa ___ bhakúl-i lhaléemi ɡhin-í
Gloss (with missing item): DEF human-OBL IDEF ___ thick-F stick take-CV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The man took a~long, thick stick{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An adjective phrase can also be complex. It can consist of two or more adjectives, symmetrically related to each other, such as dhríɡi and bhakúli in (\ref{ex:10-5}), both pointing to certain characteristics of the noun they modify.
A: word: dhríɡ-i	 gloss: long-F
B: word: keéṇ	 gloss: cave[NOM.FSG]
C: word: dhríɡ-a	 gloss: tall-MPL
D: word: biǰéel-i	 gloss: several-F
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): se insaan-á áa dhríɡ-i ___ lhaléemi ɡhin-í
Gloss (with missing item): DEF human-OBL IDEF long-F ___ stick take-CV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The man took a~long, thick stick{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An adjective phrase can also be complex. It can consist of two or more adjectives, symmetrically related to each other, such as dhríɡi and bhakúli in (\ref{ex:10-5}), both pointing to certain characteristics of the noun they modify.
A: word: bhakúl-u	 gloss: thick-MSG
B: word: ɡéeḍ-i	 gloss: big-F
C: word: bakaraál	 gloss: shepherd
D: word: bhakúl-i	 gloss: thick-F
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): se insaan-á áa dhríɡ-i bhakúl-i ___ ɡhin-í
Gloss (with missing item): DEF human-OBL IDEF long-F thick-F ___ take-CV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The man took a~long, thick stick{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An adjective phrase can also be complex. It can consist of two or more adjectives, symmetrically related to each other, such as dhríɡi and bhakúli in (\ref{ex:10-5}), both pointing to certain characteristics of the noun they modify.
A: word: bíiḍ-i	 gloss: much-F
B: word: léed-i	 gloss: find.PFV-F
C: word: lhaléemi	 gloss: stick
D: word: ḍhínɡar	 gloss: wood
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ mhoór-u bíiḍ-u šišáw-u šay bh-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): ___ sweet-MSG very-MSG good-MSG thing become-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is a very sweet and a very good thing.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adjective head can also itself be modified, usually by a~scalar quantifier, such as bíiḍu modifying mhoóru and šišáwu in (\ref{ex:10-6}), assuming that the noun can have more or less of the quality implied by the modifying adjective phrase.
A: word: bíiḍ-u	 gloss: very-MSG
B: word: bíiḍ-i	 gloss: much-F
C: word: hakim-í	 gloss: ruler-GEN
D: word: ateeṇ-ú	 gloss: such-MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bíiḍ-u ___ bíiḍ-u šišáw-u šay bh-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): very-MSG ___ very-MSG good-MSG thing become-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is a very sweet and a very good thing.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adjective head can also itself be modified, usually by a~scalar quantifier, such as bíiḍu modifying mhoóru and šišáwu in (\ref{ex:10-6}), assuming that the noun can have more or less of the quality implied by the modifying adjective phrase.
A: word: míiš-ii	 gloss: man-GEN
B: word: šóo	 gloss: good.MSG
C: word: mhoór-u	 gloss: sweet-MSG
D: word: oóra	 gloss: over.here
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bíiḍ-u mhoór-u ___ šišáw-u šay bh-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): very-MSG sweet-MSG ___ good-MSG thing become-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is a very sweet and a very good thing.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adjective head can also itself be modified, usually by a~scalar quantifier, such as bíiḍu modifying mhoóru and šišáwu in (\ref{ex:10-6}), assuming that the noun can have more or less of the quality implied by the modifying adjective phrase.
A: word: tuúš	 gloss: some
B: word: bíiḍ-i	 gloss: much-F
C: word: bíiḍ-u	 gloss: very-MSG
D: word: ateeṇ-ú	 gloss: such-MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bíiḍ-u mhoór-u bíiḍ-u ___ šay bh-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): very-MSG sweet-MSG very-MSG ___ thing become-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is a very sweet and a very good thing.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adjective head can also itself be modified, usually by a~scalar quantifier, such as bíiḍu modifying mhoóru and šišáwu in (\ref{ex:10-6}), assuming that the noun can have more or less of the quality implied by the modifying adjective phrase.
A: word: ɡal-í	 gloss: throw-CV
B: word: išaará	 gloss: hint
C: word: šóo	 gloss: good.MSG
D: word: šišáw-u	 gloss: good-MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bíiḍ-u mhoór-u bíiḍ-u šišáw-u ___ bh-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): very-MSG sweet-MSG very-MSG good-MSG ___ become-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is a very sweet and a very good thing.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The adjective head can also itself be modified, usually by a~scalar quantifier, such as bíiḍu modifying mhoóru and šišáwu in (\ref{ex:10-6}), assuming that the noun can have more or less of the quality implied by the modifying adjective phrase.
A: word: saamaán	 gloss: things
B: word: zuaán	 gloss: young.adult
C: word: šaak-á	 gloss: wood-PL
D: word: šay	 gloss: thing
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D