cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tasíi xaaneé ___ muxtalíf yháand-a
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.GEN shelf.PL ___ different come.PRS"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`There are different kinds of shelves.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A repeated adjective, on the other hand, such as the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:10-7}), usually signifies a~distributive meaning.\footnote{Although the adjective phrase in the example is predicative, it still illustrates the point.}
A: word: mux-íi	 gloss: face-GEN
B: word: dúu	 gloss: two
C: word: muxtalíf	 gloss: different
D: word: dúi	 gloss: other
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tasíi xaaneé muxtalíf ___ yháand-a
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG.GEN shelf.PL different ___ come.PRS"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`There are different kinds of shelves.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A repeated adjective, on the other hand, such as the morpheme ___ in (\ref{ex:10-7}), usually signifies a~distributive meaning.\footnote{Although the adjective phrase in the example is predicative, it still illustrates the point.}
A: word: zuaán	 gloss: young.adult
B: word: muxtalíf	 gloss: different
C: word: mux-íi	 gloss: face-GEN
D: word: dúi	 gloss: other
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ ___ kráam široó th-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter ___ work start do-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter starts making the veranda [lit: starts the work of the veranda].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{ex:10-8})--(\ref{ex:10-11}). They therefore
A: word: maṇḍaw-íi	 gloss: veranda-GEN
B: word: maṇḍawíi	 gloss: veranda.GEN
C: word: banɡleé	 gloss: bracelet.PL
D: word: áak	 gloss: one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tarkaáṇ maṇḍaw-íi ___ široó th-áan-u
Gloss (with missing item): carpenter veranda-GEN ___ start do-PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`The carpenter starts making the veranda [lit: starts the work of the veranda].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{ex:10-8})--(\ref{ex:10-11}). They therefore
A: word: taaqatwár	 gloss: powerful
B: word: kráam	 gloss: work
C: word: kráam-a	 gloss: work-OBL
D: word: aulaád	 gloss: descendants
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ xálaka ǰamá bhe
Gloss (with missing item): ___ people collected become.CV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The village people used to gather{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{ex:10-8})--(\ref{ex:10-11}). They therefore
A: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
B: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
C: word: kuṇaak-íi	 gloss: child-GEN
D: word: déeš	 gloss: village
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): díiš-e ___ ǰamá bhe
Gloss (with missing item): village-GEN ___ collected become.CV
The English translation of this sentence is:`The village people used to gather{...}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{ex:10-8})--(\ref{ex:10-11}). They therefore
A: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
B: word: xálaka	 gloss: people
C: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
D: word: ɡéeḍ-i	 gloss: big-F
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so ta bač bhil-u ___ ǰáan-a ba hiimeel-í híṛ-a
Gloss (with missing item): 3MSG.NOM CNTR saved become.PFV"=MSG ___ person-PL TOP glacier-OBL take.away.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`He was saved, but three persons were taken by the avalanche.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Quantifiers or quantifier phrases} are as a~modifier category rather heterogeneous and comprise a~few subclasses. One easily distinguishable subclass is cardinal numerals. Used alone, they simply specify quantity, as in (\ref{ex:10-12}). They can also, as seen in (\ref{ex:10-13}), be modified themselves by e.g., taqriibán (often pronounced qariibán) `about, approximately', a~Perso"=Arabic loan, and thereby become a~bit more relative.
A: word: bhiíš	 gloss: twenty
B: word: čúur	 gloss: four
C: word: c̣hetrúul-a	 gloss: Chitral-OBL
D: word: trúu	 gloss: three
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so ta bač bhil-u trúu ___ ba hiimeel-í híṛ-a
Gloss (with missing item): 3MSG.NOM CNTR saved become.PFV"=MSG three ___ TOP glacier-OBL take.away.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`He was saved, but three persons were taken by the avalanche.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Quantifiers or quantifier phrases} are as a~modifier category rather heterogeneous and comprise a~few subclasses. One easily distinguishable subclass is cardinal numerals. Used alone, they simply specify quantity, as in (\ref{ex:10-12}). They can also, as seen in (\ref{ex:10-13}), be modified themselves by e.g., taqriibán (often pronounced qariibán) `about, approximately', a~Perso"=Arabic loan, and thereby become a~bit more relative.
A: word: thainií	 gloss: do.VN
B: word: šila-yáan-a	 gloss: hurt-PRS"=MPL
C: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
D: word: ǰáan-a	 gloss: person-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bhiíš kaal-á maxadúši
Gloss (with missing item): ___ twenty year-PL before
The English translation of this sentence is:`About twenty years ago...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Quantifiers or quantifier phrases} are as a~modifier category rather heterogeneous and comprise a~few subclasses. One easily distinguishable subclass is cardinal numerals. Used alone, they simply specify quantity, as in (\ref{ex:10-12}). They can also, as seen in (\ref{ex:10-13}), be modified themselves by e.g., taqriibán (often pronounced qariibán) `its gloss ___, approximately', a~Perso"=Arabic loan, and thereby become a~bit more relative.
A: word: taqriibán	 gloss: about
B: word: dhríɡ-i	 gloss: long-F
C: word: oór	 gloss: and
D: word: qaribán	 gloss: about
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): qaribán ___ kaal-á maxadúši
Gloss (with missing item): about ___ year-PL before
The English translation of this sentence is:`About twenty years ago...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Quantifiers or quantifier phrases} are as a~modifier category rather heterogeneous and comprise a~few subclasses. One easily distinguishable subclass is cardinal numerals. Used alone, they simply specify quantity, as in (\ref{ex:10-12}). They can also, as seen in (\ref{ex:10-13}), be modified themselves by e.g., taqriibán (often pronounced qariibán) `about, approximately', a~Perso"=Arabic loan, and thereby become a~bit more relative.
A: word: qóom-ii	 gloss: tribe-GEN
B: word: bhiíš	 gloss: twenty
C: word: bhiúuṛi	 gloss: Biori
D: word: dubhiš=ee=ṣoṛíiš	 gloss: two.twenty=and=sixteen
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): qaribán bhiíš ___ maxadúši
Gloss (with missing item): about twenty ___ before
The English translation of this sentence is:`About twenty years ago...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \textbf{Quantifiers or quantifier phrases} are as a~modifier category rather heterogeneous and comprise a~few subclasses. One easily distinguishable subclass is cardinal numerals. Used alone, they simply specify quantity, as in (\ref{ex:10-12}). They can also, as seen in (\ref{ex:10-13}), be modified themselves by e.g., taqriibán (often pronounced qariibán) `about, approximately', a~Perso"=Arabic loan, and thereby become a~bit more relative.
A: word: zaalim"=aan-óom	 gloss: brute-PL"=OBL
B: word: ukaal-úuy=a	 gloss: bring.up-IMP.PL=Q
C: word: heenṣúka	 gloss: this.year
D: word: kaal-á	 gloss: year-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ čhoót míi se yaar-íi rumeel-í maǰí ɡhaṇḍ-í wíi-a keé-na ɡal-úum
Gloss (with missing item): ___ cheese 1SG.GEN DEF friend-GEN handkerchief-OBL in tie-CV water-OBL why-NEG throw-1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Why don't I put some cheese in my friend's handkerchief and throw it into the water?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While cardinal numerals can be used only to modify count nouns, scalar quantifiers, such as the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' (\ref{ex:10-14}) and úča `a few' (\ref{ex:10-15}) are used to quantify mass nouns as well as count nouns in plural. Some of these are also freely used in adverbial constructions, for instance to modify adjectives, adverbs or entire clauses. One particularly frequent multipurpose modifier is bíiḍu `much, many, very'.
A: word: tuúš	 gloss: some
B: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
C: word: khéli	 gloss: quite.some
D: word: tus	 gloss: 2PL.NOM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tuúš ___ míi se yaar-íi rumeel-í maǰí ɡhaṇḍ-í wíi-a keé-na ɡal-úum
Gloss (with missing item): some ___ 1SG.GEN DEF friend-GEN handkerchief-OBL in tie-CV water-OBL why-NEG throw-1SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Why don't I put some cheese in my friend's handkerchief and throw it into the water?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While cardinal numerals can be used only to modify count nouns, scalar quantifiers, such as tuúš `some' (\ref{ex:10-14}) and úča `a few' (\ref{ex:10-15}) are used to quantify mass nouns as well as count nouns in plural. Some of these are also freely used in adverbial constructions, for instance to modify adjectives, adverbs or entire clauses. One particularly frequent multipurpose modifier is bíiḍu `much, many, very'.
A: word: ɡhoóṣṭ	 gloss: house
B: word: ɡúuli	 gloss: bread
C: word: áak	 gloss: one
D: word: čhoót	 gloss: cheese
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): atshareet-á ___ xálak de
Gloss (with missing item): Ashret-OBL ___ people be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`There were few people in Ashret.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While cardinal numerals can be used only to modify count nouns, scalar quantifiers, such as tuúš `some' (\ref{ex:10-14}) and úča `a few' (\ref{ex:10-15}) are used to quantify mass nouns as well as count nouns in plural. Some of these are also freely used in adverbial constructions, for instance to modify adjectives, adverbs or entire clauses. One particularly frequent multipurpose modifier is bíiḍu `much, many, very'.
A: word: úč-a	 gloss: few-MPL
B: word: kháač-a	 gloss: bad-OBL
C: word: kuṛíina	 gloss: woman.PL
D: word: biǰóol-a	 gloss: several-MPL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): atshareet-á úč-a ___ de
Gloss (with missing item): Ashret-OBL few-MPL ___ be.PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`There were few people in Ashret.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: While cardinal numerals can be used only to modify count nouns, scalar quantifiers, such as tuúš `some' (\ref{ex:10-14}) and úča `a few' (\ref{ex:10-15}) are used to quantify mass nouns as well as count nouns in plural. Some of these are also freely used in adverbial constructions, for instance to modify adjectives, adverbs or entire clauses. One particularly frequent multipurpose modifier is bíiḍu `much, many, very'.
A: word: práač-am"=ii	 gloss: guest-PL.OBL"=GEN
B: word: xálak	 gloss: people
C: word: xálaka	 gloss: people
D: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ phuṭ-í ṣo phuṭ-í kir dít-u síinta
Gloss (with missing item): ___ foot-PL six foot-PL snow fall.PFV"=MSG CONDH
The English translation of this sentence is:`When five or six feet snow had fallen...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another strategy for quantification, seen in (\ref{ex:10-16}) and (\ref{ex:10-17}), is by means of a partitive noun phrase. It specifies the quantity of the head noun, often itself preceded by or modified by a~cardinal numeral. Typically, but not exclusively, the nouns used in such partitive phrases denote containers or measuring terms of various kinds. In many ways it would make sense to describe higher numerals (such as 20, 100, 1000) as heads of partitive phrases, modified by the cardinal numerals 1--19 to express the numbers 21--39, etc. (see \sectref{sec:6-4}).
A: word: bhakúl-i	 gloss: thick-F
B: word: panǰ	 gloss: five
C: word: čúur	 gloss: four
D: word: páanǰ	 gloss: five
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): panǰ ___ ṣo phuṭ-í kir dít-u síinta
Gloss (with missing item): five ___ six foot-PL snow fall.PFV"=MSG CONDH
The English translation of this sentence is:`When five or six feet snow had fallen...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another strategy for quantification, seen in (\ref{ex:10-16}) and (\ref{ex:10-17}), is by means of a partitive noun phrase. It specifies the quantity of the head noun, often itself preceded by or modified by a~cardinal numeral. Typically, but not exclusively, the nouns used in such partitive phrases denote containers or measuring terms of various kinds. In many ways it would make sense to describe higher numerals (such as 20, 100, 1000) as heads of partitive phrases, modified by the cardinal numerals 1--19 to express the numbers 21--39, etc. (see \sectref{sec:6-4}).
A: word: zaalim"=aan-óom	 gloss: brute-PL"=OBL
B: word: khur-áam	 gloss: foot-PL.OBL
C: word: muṭ-í	 gloss: tree-GEN
D: word: phuṭ-í	 gloss: foot-PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): panǰ phuṭ-í ___ phuṭ-í kir dít-u síinta
Gloss (with missing item): five foot-PL ___ foot-PL snow fall.PFV"=MSG CONDH
The English translation of this sentence is:`When five or six feet snow had fallen...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another strategy for quantification, seen in (\ref{ex:10-16}) and (\ref{ex:10-17}), is by means of a partitive noun phrase. It specifies the quantity of the head noun, often itself preceded by or modified by a~cardinal numeral. Typically, but not exclusively, the nouns used in such partitive phrases denote containers or measuring terms of various kinds. In many ways it would make sense to describe higher numerals (such as 20, 100, 1000) as heads of partitive phrases, modified by the cardinal numerals 1--19 to express the numbers 21--39, etc. (see \sectref{sec:6-4}).
A: word: dubhiš=ee=ṣoṛíiš	 gloss: two.twenty=and=sixteen
B: word: xálak-a	 gloss: people-PL
C: word: ṣo	 gloss: six
D: word: xálaka	 gloss: people
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): panǰ phuṭ-í ṣo ___ kir dít-u síinta
Gloss (with missing item): five foot-PL six ___ snow fall.PFV"=MSG CONDH
The English translation of this sentence is:`When five or six feet snow had fallen...'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another strategy for quantification, seen in (\ref{ex:10-16}) and (\ref{ex:10-17}), is by means of a partitive noun phrase. It specifies the quantity of the head noun, often itself preceded by or modified by a~cardinal numeral. Typically, but not exclusively, the nouns used in such partitive phrases denote containers or measuring terms of various kinds. In many ways it would make sense to describe higher numerals (such as 20, 100, 1000) as heads of partitive phrases, modified by the cardinal numerals 1--19 to express the numbers 21--39, etc. (see \sectref{sec:6-4}).
A: word: phuṭ-í	 gloss: foot-PL
B: word: ɡáaḍ-u	 gloss: big-MSG
C: word: khur-áam	 gloss: foot-PL.OBL
D: word: muṭ-í	 gloss: tree-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A