cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma tu sanɡí khoṇḍ-í bíiḍ-u xušaán ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.NOM 2SG.NOM with speak-CV much-MSG happy ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`It was really nice to speak to you [the conversation that made the speaker happy is still going on at the time of the utterance.].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Simple Past is used to refer to completed events in the past, whether remote or close in time. Examples (\ref{ex:9-14})--(\ref{ex:9-18}) illustrate the use of the Simple Past, from the very remote event in (\ref{ex:9-14}), then gradually decreasing in remoteness in the following examples to the very close at hand reference in (\ref{ex:9-18}).
A: word: bhíl-i	 gloss: become.PFV-F
B: word: yhóol-u	 gloss: come.PFV"=MSG
C: word: bhíl-u	 gloss: become.PFV"=MSG
D: word: bh"=eeṇḍeéu	 gloss: become-OBLG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúlii xálak-am daawát ___ atsharíit-am the ki muqaabilá th-íia thaníit-u ta atshareet-íi paalawaaṇ-aán ɡíia paalawaaṇ-aán be deeúli phedíl-a
Gloss (with missing item): Dir.GEN people-OBL.PL invitation ___ Ashreti-OBL.PL to COMP competition do-1PL say.PFV"=MSG SUB Ashret-GEN strong.man-PL go.PFV.PL strong.man-PL go.CV Dir arrive.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`The people from Dir invited the Ashreti people to have a~competition with them. When the Ashreti strongmen heard this, they left, and arrived at Dir.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is also the category used for the main story line in narratives (whether historical or fictional), referring to sequences of events in the past, such as in (\ref{ex:9-19}).
A: word: hín-i	 gloss: be.PRS-F
B: word: ɡir-áa	 gloss: turn-INF
C: word: dít-ii	 gloss: give.PPTC"=GEN
D: word: dít-i	 gloss: give.PFV-F
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúlii xálak-am daawát dít-i atsharíit-am the ki muqaabilá th-íia ___ ta atshareet-íi paalawaaṇ-aán ɡíia paalawaaṇ-aán be deeúli phedíl-a
Gloss (with missing item): Dir.GEN people-OBL.PL invitation give.PFV-F Ashreti-OBL.PL to COMP competition do-1PL ___ SUB Ashret-GEN strong.man-PL go.PFV.PL strong.man-PL go.CV Dir arrive.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`The people from Dir invited the Ashreti people to have a~competition with them. When the Ashreti strongmen heard this, they left, and arrived at Dir.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is also the category used for the main story line in narratives (whether historical or fictional), referring to sequences of events in the past, such as in (\ref{ex:9-19}).
A: word: thaníit-u	 gloss: say.PFV"=MSG
B: word: yh-óoi	 gloss: come-IMP.PL
C: word: maníit-u	 gloss: say.PFV"=MSG
D: word: thíil-u	 gloss: do.PFV"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúlii xálak-am daawát dít-i atsharíit-am the ki muqaabilá th-íia thaníit-u ta atshareet-íi paalawaaṇ-aán ___ paalawaaṇ-aán be deeúli phedíl-a
Gloss (with missing item): Dir.GEN people-OBL.PL invitation give.PFV-F Ashreti-OBL.PL to COMP competition do-1PL say.PFV"=MSG SUB Ashret-GEN strong.man-PL ___ strong.man-PL go.CV Dir arrive.PFV"=MPL
The English translation of this sentence is:`The people from Dir invited the Ashreti people to have a~competition with them. When the Ashreti strongmen heard this, they left, and arrived at Dir.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is also the category used for the main story line in narratives (whether historical or fictional), referring to sequences of events in the past, such as in (\ref{ex:9-19}).
A: word: heentá	 gloss: CONDL
B: word: th-íia	 gloss: do-1PL
C: word: ɡíia	 gloss: go.PFV.PL
D: word: ɡíia	 gloss: go.PFV.PL\\
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): deeúlii xálak-am daawát dít-i atsharíit-am the ki muqaabilá th-íia thaníit-u ta atshareet-íi paalawaaṇ-aán ɡíia paalawaaṇ-aán be deeúli ___
Gloss (with missing item): Dir.GEN people-OBL.PL invitation give.PFV-F Ashreti-OBL.PL to COMP competition do-1PL say.PFV"=MSG SUB Ashret-GEN strong.man-PL go.PFV.PL strong.man-PL go.CV Dir ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`The people from Dir invited the Ashreti people to have a~competition with them. When the Ashreti strongmen heard this, they left, and arrived at Dir.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: It is also the category used for the main story line in narratives (whether historical or fictional), referring to sequences of events in the past, such as in (\ref{ex:9-19}).
A: word: yhóol-a	 gloss: come.PFV"=MPL
B: word: bhíl-a	 gloss: become.PFV"=MPL
C: word: phedíl-u	 gloss: reach.PFV"=MSG
D: word: phedíl-a	 gloss: arrive.PFV"=MPL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi so šúur máa=the bíiḍ-u šóo ___ de ma ba tas the šóo ǰhóon-um de máa=ee so mušqúl bh-íia de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN DEF.MSG.NOM father.in.law 1SG.NOM=to much-MSG good.MSG ___ PST 1SG.NOM TOP 3SG.ACC to good.MSG know-1SG PST 1SG.NOM=CNJ 3SG.NOM on.terms become-1PL PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father"=in"=law was very fond of me. I liked him, too. The two of us used to talk freely with one another.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker de. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: díiš	 gloss: village
B: word: d-áan-u	 gloss: give-PRS"=MSG
C: word: ǰhóon-a	 gloss: know-3SG
D: word: ǰhóon-um	 gloss: know-1SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi so šúur máa=the bíiḍ-u šóo ǰhóon-a ___ ma ba tas the šóo ǰhóon-um de máa=ee so mušqúl bh-íia de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN DEF.MSG.NOM father.in.law 1SG.NOM=to much-MSG good.MSG know-3SG ___ 1SG.NOM TOP 3SG.ACC to good.MSG know-1SG PST 1SG.NOM=CNJ 3SG.NOM on.terms become-1PL PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father"=in"=law was very fond of me. I liked him, too. The two of us used to talk freely with one another.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker the morpheme ___. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: dhríṣṭ-u	 gloss: see.PFV"=MSG
B: word: deeúl-ii	 gloss: Dir-GEN
C: word: náhin-a	 gloss: NEG.be.PRS"=MPL
D: word: de	 gloss: PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi so šúur máa=the bíiḍ-u šóo ǰhóon-a de ma ba tas the šóo ___ de máa=ee so mušqúl bh-íia de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN DEF.MSG.NOM father.in.law 1SG.NOM=to much-MSG good.MSG know-3SG PST 1SG.NOM TOP 3SG.ACC to good.MSG ___ PST 1SG.NOM=CNJ 3SG.NOM on.terms become-1PL PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father"=in"=law was very fond of me. I liked him, too. The two of us used to talk freely with one another.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker de. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: ǰhóon-um	 gloss: know-1SG
B: word: ǰhóon-a	 gloss: know-3SG
C: word: seentá	 gloss: CONDH
D: word: sastíil-u	 gloss: heal.PFV"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi so šúur máa=the bíiḍ-u šóo ǰhóon-a de ma ba tas the šóo ǰhóon-um ___ máa=ee so mušqúl bh-íia de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN DEF.MSG.NOM father.in.law 1SG.NOM=to much-MSG good.MSG know-3SG PST 1SG.NOM TOP 3SG.ACC to good.MSG know-1SG ___ 1SG.NOM=CNJ 3SG.NOM on.terms become-1PL PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father"=in"=law was very fond of me. I liked him, too. The two of us used to talk freely with one another.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker the morpheme ___. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: kh-úum	 gloss: eat-1SG
B: word: deeúl-ii	 gloss: Dir-GEN
C: word: de	 gloss: PST
D: word: náhin-a	 gloss: NEG.be.PRS"=MPL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi so šúur máa=the bíiḍ-u šóo ǰhóon-a de ma ba tas the šóo ǰhóon-um de máa=ee so mušqúl ___ de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN DEF.MSG.NOM father.in.law 1SG.NOM=to much-MSG good.MSG know-3SG PST 1SG.NOM TOP 3SG.ACC to good.MSG know-1SG PST 1SG.NOM=CNJ 3SG.NOM on.terms ___ PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father"=in"=law was very fond of me. I liked him, too. The two of us used to talk freely with one another.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker de. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: dhreéɡ	 gloss: stretched.out
B: word: th-íia	 gloss: do-1PL
C: word: bh-íia	 gloss: become-1PL
D: word: eení	 gloss: PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi so šúur máa=the bíiḍ-u šóo ǰhóon-a de ma ba tas the šóo ǰhóon-um de máa=ee so mušqúl bh-íia ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN DEF.MSG.NOM father.in.law 1SG.NOM=to much-MSG good.MSG know-3SG PST 1SG.NOM TOP 3SG.ACC to good.MSG know-1SG PST 1SG.NOM=CNJ 3SG.NOM on.terms become-1PL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father"=in"=law was very fond of me. I liked him, too. The two of us used to talk freely with one another.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker the morpheme ___. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: th-íi	 gloss: do-3SG
B: word: de	 gloss: PST
C: word: náhin-a	 gloss: NEG.be.PRS"=MPL
D: word: deeúl-ii	 gloss: Dir-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so kuṇaák bhešóol-u bhešaá tasíi paaṇṭí ___ de paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-í čhúuṇ-i tasíi ɡaḍ-í ba táa khóol-u so kuṇaák číɣi d-íi de
Gloss (with missing item): DEF.MSG.NOM child make.sit.PFV"=MSG make.sit.CV 3SG.GEN clothes ___ PST clothes take.off-CV put.PFV-F 3SG.GEN take.off-CV TOP there eat.PFV"=MSG DEF.MSG.NOM child crying give-3SG PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [an evil creature] made the child sit, and there he was taking off its clothes. When he had taken them off and put them down, he ate the child while it was crying.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker de. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: ɡaḍ-íi	 gloss: take.off-3SG
B: word: niweš-í	 gloss: write-CV
C: word: ɡaḍ-í	 gloss: take.out-CV
D: word: bíi	 gloss: go.3SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so kuṇaák bhešóol-u bhešaá tasíi paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-íi ___ paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-í čhúuṇ-i tasíi ɡaḍ-í ba táa khóol-u so kuṇaák číɣi d-íi de
Gloss (with missing item): DEF.MSG.NOM child make.sit.PFV"=MSG make.sit.CV 3SG.GEN clothes take.off-3SG ___ clothes take.off-CV put.PFV-F 3SG.GEN take.off-CV TOP there eat.PFV"=MSG DEF.MSG.NOM child crying give-3SG PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [an evil creature] made the child sit, and there he was taking off its clothes. When he had taken them off and put them down, he ate the child while it was crying.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker the morpheme ___. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: muč-í	 gloss: rain-CV
B: word: náhin-a	 gloss: NEG.be.PRS"=MPL
C: word: de	 gloss: PST
D: word: deeúl-ii	 gloss: Dir-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so kuṇaák bhešóol-u bhešaá tasíi paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-íi de paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-í čhúuṇ-i tasíi ɡaḍ-í ba táa khóol-u so kuṇaák číɣi ___ de
Gloss (with missing item): DEF.MSG.NOM child make.sit.PFV"=MSG make.sit.CV 3SG.GEN clothes take.off-3SG PST clothes take.off-CV put.PFV-F 3SG.GEN take.off-CV TOP there eat.PFV"=MSG DEF.MSG.NOM child crying ___ PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [an evil creature] made the child sit, and there he was taking off its clothes. When he had taken them off and put them down, he ate the child while it was crying.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker de. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: d-íi	 gloss: give-3SG
B: word: ṣeeka-áaṭ-u	 gloss: lead.out-AG"=MSG
C: word: d-úum	 gloss: give-1SG
D: word: d-íin	 gloss: give-3PL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): so kuṇaák bhešóol-u bhešaá tasíi paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-íi de paaṇṭí ɡaḍ-í čhúuṇ-i tasíi ɡaḍ-í ba táa khóol-u so kuṇaák číɣi d-íi ___
Gloss (with missing item): DEF.MSG.NOM child make.sit.PFV"=MSG make.sit.CV 3SG.GEN clothes take.off-3SG PST clothes take.off-CV put.PFV-F 3SG.GEN take.off-CV TOP there eat.PFV"=MSG DEF.MSG.NOM child crying give-3SG ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [an evil creature] made the child sit, and there he was taking off its clothes. When he had taken them off and put them down, he ate the child while it was crying.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The Past Imperfective is formed by means of the person"=inflected imperfective verb stem (i.e., the future verb form) followed by the invariable marker the morpheme ___. It has two main functions, as a~past habitual, see (\ref{ex:9-20}), and a~past progressive, see (\ref{ex:9-21}).
A: word: náhin-a	 gloss: NEG.be.PRS"=MPL
B: word: deeúl-ii	 gloss: Dir-GEN
C: word: bhíl-a	 gloss: become.PFV"=MPL
D: word: de	 gloss: PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi báabu bi ___ hín-u, salaám th-íi de
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN father[MSG] also ___ be.PRS"=MSG greeting do-3SG PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father has also come, and he was telling you his greetings.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The most common way of expressing the perfect, i.e., a~reference to a~past (completed) event with current relevance, is by combining the perfective verb form with the present tense copula hin-.\footnote{This is at least the case in the A dialect, while there is reason to return to the situation in the B dialect.} Both the perfective verb and the auxiliary agree in gender and number with S, as in (\ref{ex:9-22}), or O, as in (\ref{ex:9-23}) and (\ref{ex:9-24}), according to an~ergative pattern.
A: word: wheél-u	 gloss: bring.down.PFV"=MSG
B: word: muč-úui	 gloss: open-IMP.PL
C: word: wháat-u	 gloss: come.down.PFV"=MSG
D: word: ukháat-u	 gloss: come.up.PFV"=MSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C