cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): táa ___ misrí bulaḍ-eeṇḍeéu
Gloss (with missing item): there ___ mason call.for-OBLG
The English translation of this sentence is:`A mason is called to there [to see to that].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the morpheme ___ marks a~goal expressed as a~spatial pro"=adverb (also functioning as an~inanimate/abstract demonstrative pronoun), the morpheme ___ locative member of the morpheme ___ set, táa `the morpheme ___re', as in (\ref{ex:7-52}), is used. However, if the morpheme ___ goal of a~movement carried out by a~person is anothe morpheme ___r person, the morpheme ___ postpositions khúna or kéeči (see below) have its gloss ___ be used instead.
A: word: khúna	 gloss: near.to
B: word: the	 gloss: to
C: word: dhúura	 gloss: away.from
D: word: theníi-e	 gloss: do.VN"=GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṛaním eeṛé riwaayát ... ___ díi ɡhíin-i hín-i
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.DIST.ERG DIST tradition ... ___ from take.PFV-F be.PRS-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`They have received [lit: taken] this tradition from the Damelis.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{díi `from, (out) of, than'.} This postposition takes an~oblique nominal argument, `the Damelis' in (\ref{ex:7-53}), or an~accusative pronominal argument. There is a~wide range of meanings, all referring to the source of a~transaction or the point of origin/reference.
A: word: ɡiḍúuču	 gloss: Dameli.man
B: word: yúu	 gloss: from
C: word: ɡiḍúuč-am	 gloss: Dameli-OBL.PL
D: word: ɡiḍ-á	 gloss: Damel-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ṛaním eeṛé riwaayát ... ɡiḍúuč-am ___ ɡhíin-i hín-i
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.DIST.ERG DIST tradition ... Dameli-OBL.PL ___ take.PFV-F be.PRS-F
The English translation of this sentence is:`They have received [lit: taken] this tradition from the Damelis.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___, (out) of, than'.} This postposition takes an~oblique nominal argument, `the Damelis' in (\ref{ex:7-53}), or an~accusative pronominal argument. There is a~wide range of meanings, all referring to the source of a~transaction or the point of origin/reference.
A: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
B: word: díi	 gloss: from
C: word: bhraáš	 gloss: slowly
D: word: taayúu	 gloss: from.there
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ déedi díi míi ṣúunt-u míi báaba díi míi ṣúunt-u
Gloss (with missing item): ___ grandmother from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG 1SG.GEN father.OBL from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`I heard it from my grandmother, and I heard it from my father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, díi is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: míi	 gloss: 1SG.GEN
B: word: míiš	 gloss: man
C: word: phará	 gloss: yonder
D: word: thíi	 gloss: 2SG.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi ___ díi míi ṣúunt-u míi báaba díi míi ṣúunt-u
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN ___ from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG 1SG.GEN father.OBL from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`I heard it from my grandmother, and I heard it from my father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, díi is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my its gloss ___' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: léed-i	 gloss: find.PFV-F
B: word: báaba	 gloss: father.OBL
C: word: dóodu	 gloss: grandfather
D: word: déedi	 gloss: grandmother
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi déedi ___ míi ṣúunt-u míi báaba díi míi ṣúunt-u
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN grandmother ___ 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG 1SG.GEN father.OBL from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`I heard it from my grandmother, and I heard it from my father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, the morpheme ___ is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: taayúu	 gloss: from.there
B: word: díi	 gloss: from
C: word: bhunimaá	 gloss: downhill
D: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi déedi díi míi ṣúunt-u ___ báaba díi míi ṣúunt-u
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN grandmother from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG ___ father.OBL from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`I heard it from my grandmother, and I heard it from my father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, díi is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: tíi	 gloss: 3SG.OBL
B: word: míi	 gloss: 1SG.GEN
C: word: míiš	 gloss: man
D: word: thíi	 gloss: 2SG.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi déedi díi míi ṣúunt-u míi ___ díi míi ṣúunt-u
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN grandmother from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG 1SG.GEN ___ from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`I heard it from my grandmother, and I heard it from my father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, díi is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: báabu	 gloss: father
B: word: eeṛáai	 gloss: from.there.DIST
C: word: báaba	 gloss: father.OBL
D: word: míiš-a	 gloss: man-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): míi déedi díi míi ṣúunt-u míi báaba ___ míi ṣúunt-u
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.GEN grandmother from 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG 1SG.GEN father.OBL ___ 1SG.GEN hear.PFV"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`I heard it from my grandmother, and I heard it from my father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, the morpheme ___ is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: díi	 gloss: from
B: word: khúṭ-am	 gloss: knee-OBL.PL
C: word: taayúu	 gloss: from.there
D: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ díi khar ǰa-yáan-u
Gloss (with missing item): ___ from donkey be.born\textsf{-}PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`A donkey is born by a~donkey.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, díi is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: khar-á	 gloss: donkey-OBL
B: word: patuɡiraá	 gloss: back
C: word: har-áan-a	 gloss: take.away-PRS"=MPL
D: word: khar	 gloss: donkey
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): khar-á ___ khar ǰa-yáan-u
Gloss (with missing item): donkey-OBL ___ donkey be.born\textsf{-}PRS"=MSG
The English translation of this sentence is:`A donkey is born by a~donkey.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A~place as the source or starting point for a~movement is almost always expressed with the genitive (along with the postposition thíi). In contrast, the morpheme ___ is primarily postposed to nouns denoting human sources, such as `my grandmother' and `my father' in (\ref{ex:7-54}). The transferred, or brought forth, entity, however, can be abstract, such as an~utterance, as well as concrete, for instance in expressing the animate source of reproduction, as in (\ref{ex:7-55}).
A: word: díi	 gloss: from
B: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
C: word: taayúu	 gloss: from.there
D: word: hatáawuu	 gloss: from.there
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 68:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): misrí yhóol-u seentá ___ díi tsaṭák hóons-a
Gloss (with missing item): mason come.PFV"=MSG when ___ from hammer stay-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`When the mason comes he will have a~hammer [lit: When the mason has come, from the mason a~hammer will be present].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Some arguments with díi are part of the valence pattern of some complex predicates (\sectref{subsec:12-2-8}), and Verbal Nouns in complements of negative implicative predicates are also taken as arguments by díi (\sectref{subsec:13-5-2}). The possessor in one main (primarily alienable, as the `its gloss ___'s hammer' in (\ref{ex:7-56})) possessional construction is also marked with díi.
A: word: misrí	 gloss: mason
B: word: iškaarí	 gloss: hunter
C: word: ɡiḍ-á	 gloss: Damel-OBL
D: word: zamindaár	 gloss: farmer
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): misrí yhóol-u seentá misrí ___ tsaṭák hóons-a
Gloss (with missing item): mason come.PFV"=MSG when mason ___ hammer stay-3SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`When the mason comes he will have a~hammer [lit: When the mason has come, from the mason a~hammer will be present].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Some arguments with the morpheme ___ are part of the valence pattern of some complex predicates (\sectref{subsec:12-2-8}), and Verbal Nouns in complements of negative implicative predicates are also taken as arguments by the morpheme ___ (\sectref{subsec:13-5-2}). The possessor in one main (primarily alienable, as the `mason's hammer' in (\ref{ex:7-56})) possessional construction is also marked with the morpheme ___.
A: word: díiš-e	 gloss: village-GEN
B: word: díi	 gloss: from
C: word: sanɡí	 gloss: with
D: word: taayúu	 gloss: from.there
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ḍaaku"=aan-óom yhaí ___ sanɡí tas ɡhaš-í híṛ-u de
Gloss (with missing item): robber-PL"=OBL come.CV ___ with 3SG.ACC take-CV take.away.PFV"=MSG PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`The robbers came and abducted him along with his flock.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{sanɡí `(along) with, at'.} This postposition takes an~oblique nominal argument or an~accusative pronominal argument. It typically expresses accompaniment, as in (\ref{ex:7-57}).
A: word: bakáara-m-ii	 gloss: herd-OBL"=GEN
B: word: muṣṭúk-a	 gloss: of.past-MPL
C: word: bakáara-m	 gloss: flock-OBL
D: word: bakáara	 gloss: flock
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 71:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ḍaaku"=aan-óom yhaí bakáara-m ___ tas ɡhaš-í híṛ-u de
Gloss (with missing item): robber-PL"=OBL come.CV flock-OBL ___ 3SG.ACC take-CV take.away.PFV"=MSG PST
The English translation of this sentence is:`The robbers came and abducted him along with his flock.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \spitzmarke{the morpheme ___ `(along) its gloss ___, at'.} This postposition takes an~oblique nominal argument or an~accusative pronominal argument. It typically expresses accompaniment, as in (\ref{ex:7-57}).
A: word: sanɡi-eé	 gloss: with-INCL
B: word: oór	 gloss: and
C: word: ḍúkur-a	 gloss: hut-OBL
D: word: sanɡí	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 72:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma tu ráaǰ-a de ɡhaṇḍ-í ɡal-áan-u ___ muṭ-á sanɡí
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.NOM 2SG.NOM rope give.CV tie-CV throw-PRS"=MSG ___ tree-OBL with
The English translation of this sentence is:`I will tie you with ropes to this tree.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Used with an~inanimate noun, such as the `tree' in (\ref{ex:7-58}), it can have a~further connotation of being attached to.
A: word: aní	 gloss: PROX
B: word: ɡiḍúuč-am	 gloss: Dameli-OBL.PL
C: word: maníit-u	 gloss: say.PFV"=MSG
D: word: aniniaám	 gloss: 3PL.PROX.ACC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 73:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma tu ráaǰ-a de ɡhaṇḍ-í ɡal-áan-u aní ___ sanɡí
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.NOM 2SG.NOM rope give.CV tie-CV throw-PRS"=MSG PROX ___ with
The English translation of this sentence is:`I will tie you with ropes to this tree.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Used with an~inanimate noun, such as the `tree' in (\ref{ex:7-58}), it can have a~further connotation of being attached to.
A: word: kaṭur-á	 gloss: Kator-OBL
B: word: muṭ	 gloss: tree
C: word: loomuṭ-á	 gloss: deodar.tree-OBL
D: word: muṭ-á	 gloss: tree-OBL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 74:
You are a linguist specializing in Palula. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma tu ráaǰ-a de ɡhaṇḍ-í ɡal-áan-u aní muṭ-á ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.NOM 2SG.NOM rope give.CV tie-CV throw-PRS"=MSG PROX tree-OBL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`I will tie you with ropes to this tree.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Used its gloss ___ an~inanimate noun, such as the `tree' in (\ref{ex:7-58}), it can have a~further connotation of being attached to.
A: word: bhun	 gloss: down
B: word: sanɡí	 gloss: with
C: word: oór	 gloss: and
D: word: sanɡi-eé	 gloss: with-INCL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B