cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.DO
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Moloko has two kinds of transitive clauses -- transitive clauses with subject and direct object (\ref{ex:9:1}--\ref{ex:9:2}) and transitive clauses with subject and indirect object (\ref{ex:9:3}--\ref{ex:9:4}). These two grammatically different transitive clauses illustrate that the semantics of Moloko verbs allows three core participants (represented by subject, direct object, and indirect object). Moloko verbs do not have just Agent-Patient semantic frames for events. In this work we follow an Agent-Theme-Location analysis, as developed by \citet{DeLancey1991}, in which ‘Location’ (\LOC) has a particular definition. Indirect object always expresses semantic {\LOC} -- the participant that represents the place where the Theme is directed to. As such the indirect object can express (depending on the verb type, see Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.3}--\ref{sec:9.2.5}) the recipient or beneficiary of the event. Direct object always expresses semantic Theme, the core participant that changes position or state because of the event. Subject in transitive clauses expresses the Agent.
A: word: har	 gloss: body
B: word: ka-ɬ=aŋ	 gloss: twoS-slay=3S.IO
C: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
D: word: na-ɬ-aj	 gloss: oneS-slay-CL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Moloko has two kinds of transitive clauses -- transitive clauses with subject and direct object (\ref{ex:9:1}--\ref{ex:9:2}) and transitive clauses with subject and indirect object (\ref{ex:9:3}--\ref{ex:9:4}). These two grammatically different transitive clauses illustrate that the semantics of Moloko verbs allows three core participants (represented by subject, direct object, and indirect object). Moloko verbs do not have just Agent-Patient semantic frames for events. In this work we follow an Agent-Theme-Location athe morpheme ___lysis, as developed by \citet{DeLancey1991}, in which ‘Location’ (\LOC) has a particular definition. Indirect object always expresses semantic {\LOC} -- the participant that represents the place where the Theme is directed to. As such the indirect object can express (depending on the verb type, see Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.3}--\ref{sec:9.2.5}) the recipient or beneficiary of the event. Direct object always expresses semantic Theme, the core participant that changes position or state because of the event. Subject in transitive clauses expresses the Agent.
A: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
B: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
C: word: ɛlɛ	 gloss: eye
D: word: wɛlɛj	 gloss: which
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.DO
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{ex:9:1} and \REF{ex:9:2} show a transitive clause with subject (Mana) and direct object (awak ‘goat’ in \ref{ex:9:1}, na \oldstylenums{3}\textsc{s} direct object pronominal in \ref{ex:9:2}).
A: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
B: word: na-ɬ-aj	 gloss: oneS-slay-CL
C: word: a-paɗ=aw	 gloss: 3S-crunch=oneS.IO
D: word: ka-ɬ=aŋ	 gloss: twoS-slay=3S.IO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{ex:9:1} and \REF{ex:9:2} show a transitive clause with subject (Mathe morpheme ___) and direct object (awak ‘goat’ in \ref{ex:9:1}, the morpheme ___ \oldstylenums{3}\textsc{s} direct object pronomithe morpheme ___l in \ref{ex:9:2}).
A: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
B: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
C: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
D: word: abaŋ	 gloss: Abang
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.DO
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{ex:9:1} and \REF{ex:9:2} show a transitive clause with subject (Mana) and direct object (awak ‘goat’ in \ref{ex:9:1}, na \oldstylenums{3}\textsc{s} direct object pronominal in \ref{ex:9:2}).
A: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
B: word: ka-ɬ=aŋ	 gloss: twoS-slay=3S.IO
C: word: a-paɗ=aw	 gloss: 3S-crunch=oneS.IO
D: word: na-ɬ-aj	 gloss: oneS-slay-CL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Examples \REF{ex:9:1} and \REF{ex:9:2} show a transitive clause with subject (Mathe morpheme ___) and direct object (awak ‘goat’ in \ref{ex:9:1}, the morpheme ___ \oldstylenums{3}\textsc{s} direct object pronomithe morpheme ___l in \ref{ex:9:2}).
A: word: haj	 gloss: millet
B: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
C: word: ɛlɛ	 gloss: eye
D: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3S.DO
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Returning to the transitive clause with subject and direct object (\ref{ex:9:1} and \ref{ex:9:2}), the direct object awak ‘goat’ is the Theme -- the participant that changes position or state because of an event (it is slain).
A: word: na-ɬ-aj	 gloss: oneS-slay-CL
B: word: ka-ɬ=aŋ	 gloss: twoS-slay=3S.IO
C: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
D: word: ɬəmaj	 gloss: ear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He slays it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Returning to the transitive clause with subject and direct object (\ref{ex:9:1} and \ref{ex:9:2}), the direct object awak ‘goat’ is the Theme -- the participant that changes position or state because of an event (it is slain).
A: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
B: word: har	 gloss: body
C: word: ndahaŋ	 gloss: 3S
D: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Hawa ___ a mɔgʷɔm
Gloss (with missing item): Hawa ___ at home
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Hawa is at home.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Only one verb in Moloko can never take an object (neither direct nor indirect). The locational clause contains the verb nday. It states that the subject is presently located somewhere (\ref{ex:9:5}--\ref{ex:9:6}). An explicit free noun phrase subject is not required when this verb is the main predicate since the subject is indicated in the verb prefix; however an adpositional phrase giving the location is required and follows the verb. This same verb functions as a progressive aspect auxiliary (see \sectref{sec:8.2.1}).\footnote{It is interesting that the locational extension =aka is also used to express progressive aspect \sectref{sec:7.5.1}.}
A: word: gəbar	 gloss: fear
B: word: a-ndaj	 gloss: {3S-be.located
C: word: ta-ndaj	 gloss: 3P-PROG
D: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ a marva
Gloss (with missing item): ___ at Maroua
The English translation of this sentence is:‘She is in Maroua.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Only one verb in Moloko can never take an object (neither direct nor indirect). The locational clause contains the verb nday. It states that the subject is presently located somewhere (\ref{ex:9:5}--\ref{ex:9:6}). An explicit free noun phrase subject is not required when this verb is the main predicate since the subject is indicated in the verb prefix; however an adpositional phrase giving the location is required and follows the verb. This same verb functions as a progressive aspect auxiliary (see \sectref{sec:8.2.1}).\footnote{It is interesting that the locational extension =aka is also used to express progressive aspect \sectref{sec:7.5.1}.}
A: word: ta-ndaj	 gloss: 3P-PROG
B: word: a-ndaj	 gloss: 3S-be
C: word: ɬəmaj	 gloss: ear
D: word: ndahaŋ	 gloss: 3S
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): awak ___ na haj=va
Gloss (with missing item): goat ___ 3S.DO millet=PRF
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The goat has eaten my millet.’ (lit. the goat has eaten to me the millet)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: For some transitive verbs of this type, the indirect object (when present) marks the malefactive of the event. The indirect object will be negatively affected by the event. For the verb paɗ-ay ‘eat’ in \REF{ex:9:20} the subject (awak ‘goat’) ate the direct object (háy ‘millet’), incurring a negative effect on the indirect object (=aw ‘to me’).\footnote{This phenomenon is also known as possessor raising or external possession. We consider that the semantics for this construction in Moloko are malefactive rather than possessive because a possessive construction can also be employed (without an indirect object): awak a-paɗ-ay na háy əwla =va, ‘the goat ate my millet’. The construction with an indirect object connects the millet to its owner with less precision than the possessive construction, and concentrates on the loss that the owner incurred (due to the damages done to his millet field) rather than the fact that he owned the field.}
A: word: a-paɗ=aka	 gloss: 3S-crunch=on
B: word: mɪ-skʷøm-ɛ	 gloss: NOM-buy/sell-CL
C: word: ɬəmaj	 gloss: ear
D: word: a-paɗ=aw	 gloss: 3S-crunch=oneS.IO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-tar=aŋ =aka ___ ana war ɛʃɛ
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-call=3S.IO =on ___ DAT child again
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He/she calls the child again.’ (lit. he calls mouth to him to the child again)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet{FriesenMathe morpheme ___lis2008} identified a unique group of verb constructions in Moloko. In these constructions, a special, sometimes phonologically reduced noun form that represents a part of the body is incorporated into the verb phrase. This is a case of noun incorporation where these body-part nouns are closely associated with the verb complex and their incorporation changes the lexical characteristics of the verb. These body-part nouns include the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___,’ (\ref{ex:9:45}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.3}), elé ‘eye,’ (\ref{ex:9:46}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.1}), sləthe morpheme ___y ‘ear,’ (\ref{ex:9:47}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.2}), and va or har ‘body,’ (\ref{ex:9:48}, \ref{ex:9:49}, Sections~\ref{sec:9.3.1.4} and \ref{sec:9.3.1.5}, respectively). These nouns can be incorporated into transitive or bitransitive verbs from the types in Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.2} and \ref{sec:9.2.3}.
A: word: ka-nz=aw	 gloss: twoS-sit=oneS.IO
B: word: à-mak-aj	 gloss: 3S+PFV-leave-CL
C: word: a-paɗ=aw	 gloss: 3S-crunch=oneS.IO
D: word: ma	 gloss: mouth
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mala a-mənzar ___
Gloss (with missing item): Mala 3S-see ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Mala looks around attentively.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet{FriesenMamalis2008} identified a unique group of verb constructions in Moloko. In these constructions, a special, sometimes phonologically reduced noun form that represents a part of the body is incorporated into the verb phrase. This is a case of noun incorporation where these body-part nouns are closely associated with the verb complex and their incorporation changes the lexical characteristics of the verb. These body-part nouns include ma ‘mouth,’ (\ref{ex:9:45}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.3}), elé ‘its gloss ___,’ (\ref{ex:9:46}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.1}), sləmay ‘ear,’ (\ref{ex:9:47}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.2}), and va or har ‘body,’ (\ref{ex:9:48}, \ref{ex:9:49}, Sections~\ref{sec:9.3.1.4} and \ref{sec:9.3.1.5}, respectively). These nouns can be incorporated into transitive or bitransitive verbs from the types in Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.2} and \ref{sec:9.2.3}.
A: word: dəraj	 gloss: head
B: word: ɛlɛ	 gloss: eye
C: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
D: word: ɛlɛ=ahaŋ	 gloss: thing=3S.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-ts=aka=va ___ ana mama=ahaŋ baj
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-hear=on=PRF ___ DAT mother=3S.POSS NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He/she is disobedient to his mother.’ (he disobeys his mother)\footnote{Note that the word-final /n/ is deleted on the root /ts n\textsuperscript{e}/when the verbal extension is attached \sectref{sec:2.6.1}.}
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet{FriesenMamalis2008} identified a unique group of verb constructions in Moloko. In these constructions, a special, sometimes phonologically reduced noun form that represents a part of the body is incorporated into the verb phrase. This is a case of noun incorporation where these body-part nouns are closely associated with the verb complex and their incorporation changes the lexical characteristics of the verb. These body-part nouns include ma ‘mouth,’ (\ref{ex:9:45}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.3}), elé ‘eye,’ (\ref{ex:9:46}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.1}), sləmay ‘its gloss ___,’ (\ref{ex:9:47}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.2}), and va or har ‘body,’ (\ref{ex:9:48}, \ref{ex:9:49}, Sections~\ref{sec:9.3.1.4} and \ref{sec:9.3.1.5}, respectively). These nouns can be incorporated into transitive or bitransitive verbs from the types in Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.2} and \ref{sec:9.2.3}.
A: word: ɛ-tʃɛŋ	 gloss: 3S-hear
B: word: ɬəmaj=uwla	 gloss: name=oneS.POSS
C: word: ɬəmaj	 gloss: ear
D: word: a-ndaj	 gloss: 3S-be
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ta-ndalaj ta-l=ala tɪ-ɮɪg-ɛ ___ ana Mʊlɔkʷɔ=ahaj
Gloss (with missing item): 3P-PRG 3P-go=to 3P-throw-CL ___ DAT Moloko=Pl
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They were coming and fighting with the Molokos.’ (lit. they were coming they threw body to Molokos)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet{FriesenMamalis2008} identified a unique group of verb constructions in Moloko. In these constructions, a special, sometimes phonologically reduced noun form that represents a part of the its gloss ___ is incorporated into the verb phrase. This is a case of noun incorporation where these its gloss ___-part nouns are closely associated with the verb complex and their incorporation changes the lexical characteristics of the verb. These its gloss ___-part nouns include ma ‘mouth,’ (\ref{ex:9:45}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.3}), elé ‘eye,’ (\ref{ex:9:46}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.1}), sləmay ‘ear,’ (\ref{ex:9:47}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.2}), and the morpheme ___ or har ‘its gloss ___,’ (\ref{ex:9:48}, \ref{ex:9:49}, Sections~\ref{sec:9.3.1.4} and \ref{sec:9.3.1.5}, respectively). These nouns can be incorporated into transitive or bitransitive verbs from the types in Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.2} and \ref{sec:9.2.3}.
A: word: à-paɗə=va	 gloss: 3S+PFV-crunch=PRF
B: word: hərva=ahaŋ	 gloss: body=3S.POSS
C: word: va	 gloss: body
D: word: a-paɗ=aw	 gloss: 3S-crunch=oneS.IO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma=aŋgʷɔ a-gəs=aw ___
Gloss (with missing item): word=twoS.POSS 3S-catch=oneS.IO ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It pleases me.’ (lit. it catches body to me)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet{FriesenMamalis2008} identified a unique group of verb constructions in Moloko. In these constructions, a special, sometimes phonologically reduced noun form that represents a part of the its gloss ___ is incorporated into the verb phrase. This is a case of noun incorporation where these its gloss ___-part nouns are closely associated with the verb complex and their incorporation changes the lexical cthe morpheme ___acteristics of the verb. These its gloss ___-part nouns include ma ‘mouth,’ (\ref{ex:9:45}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.3}), elé ‘eye,’ (\ref{ex:9:46}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.1}), sləmay ‘ear,’ (\ref{ex:9:47}, \sectref{sec:9.3.1.2}), and va or the morpheme ___ ‘its gloss ___,’ (\ref{ex:9:48}, \ref{ex:9:49}, Sections~\ref{sec:9.3.1.4} and \ref{sec:9.3.1.5}, respectively). These nouns can be incorporated into transitive or bitransitive verbs from the types in Sections~\ref{sec:9.2.2} and \ref{sec:9.2.3}.
A: word: nà-har=alaj	 gloss: oneS+PFV-carry=away
B: word: hərva=ahaŋ	 gloss: body=3S.POSS
C: word: har	 gloss: body
D: word: ɛlɛ	 gloss: eye
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C