cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I did.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \largerpage \citet{Bow1997c} found that a prosody on the verb stem will spread leftwards from the verb stem over the singular subject prefixes. The fact that palatalisation and labialisation spread over the subject prefixes indicates that the subject markers are fully bound to the verb stem and are not separate words. \REF{ex:7:11} presents the palatalised verb /g\textsuperscript{ e}/ ‘do,’ and \REF{ex:7:12} presents the labialised verb /l\textsuperscript{o}/ ‘go.’
A: word: tɛ-g-ɛ	 gloss: 3P-do-CL
B: word: nɔkʷ=va	 gloss: twoS=PRF
C: word: nə-ɗəgal-aj	 gloss: oneS-think-CL
D: word: nɛ-g-ɛ	 gloss: oneS-do-CL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘he/she went.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \largerpage \citet{Bow1997c} found that a prosody on the verb stem will spread leftwards from the verb stem over the singular subject prefixes. The fact that palatalisation and labialisation spread over the subject prefixes indicates that the subject markers are fully bound to the verb stem and are not separate words. \REF{ex:7:11} presents the palatalised verb /g\textsuperscript{ e}/ ‘do,’ and \REF{ex:7:12} presents the labialised verb /l\textsuperscript{o}/ ‘go.’
A: word: tɔ-lɔ	 gloss: 3P+PFV-go
B: word: amɪ-g-ijɛ	 gloss: DEP-do-CL
C: word: ɔ-lɔ	 gloss: 3S-go
D: word: a-gə	 gloss: 3S-do
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I stand.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet{Bow1997c} also discovered that labialisation on the {\oneP} and {\twoP} subject suffixes will spread leftwards from the suffix onto the entire verb word. This fact indicates that these morphemes are fully bound to the verb stem and are not separate words. The verb /ts k-j\textsuperscript{e}/ ‘stand’, shown in example \REF{ex:7:13} in its {\oneS} form, loses its palatalisation and becomes labialised when the (labialised) plural\is{Plurality!Verb plurals|)} suffixes are added \REF{ex:7:14}:
A: word: tʃɪk-ɛ	 gloss: stand[twoS.IMP]-CL
B: word: amɪ-g-ijɛ	 gloss: DEP-do-CL
C: word: nɛ-g-ɛ	 gloss: oneS-do-CL
D: word: nɛ-tʃɪk-ɛ	 gloss: oneS-stand-CL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He/she helped him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The indirect object pronominal enclitic can also stand in the place of the prepositional phrase \REF{ex:7:17}.
A: word: áà-mak-aj	 gloss: twoS+PBL-leave-CL
B: word: a-dzən=aŋ	 gloss: 3S-help=3S.IO
C: word: a-dzən=aw	 gloss: 3S-help=oneS.IO
D: word: a-mənzar=aŋ	 gloss: 3S-see=3S.IO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ awak
Gloss (with missing item): ___ goat
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You slay the goat for him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The fact that the indirect object pronominal can attach to verb stems as well as other particles confirms that it is in fact a clitic pronoun. Normally, the indirect object pronominal enclitic attaches directly to the verb stem \REF{ex:7:24}. However, if the plural subject pronominal suffix is required on the verb \REF{ex:7:25}, the indirect object pronominal can no longer attach to the verb, because the verb stem can take only one suffix (see \sectref{sec:7.1}). Instead, the indirect object pronominal cliticises to the particle an. This particle may be related to ana, the dative preposition ‘to.’
A: word: a-dzən=aŋ	 gloss: 3S-help=3S.IO
B: word: a-ɬ-aj	 gloss: 3S-slay-CL
C: word: ta-ɬ=aw	 gloss: 3P-kill=oneS.IO
D: word: ka-ɬ=aŋ	 gloss: twoS-slay=3S.IO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kə-ɬ-ɔm ___ awak
Gloss (with missing item): 2-slay-twoP ___ goat
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You (plural) slay the goat for him.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The fact that the indirect object pronominal can attach to verb stems as well as other particles confirms that it is in fact a clitic pronoun. Normally, the indirect object pronominal enclitic attaches directly to the verb stem \REF{ex:7:24}. However, if the plural subject pronominal suffix is required on the verb \REF{ex:7:25}, the indirect object pronominal can no longer attach to the verb, because the verb stem can take only one suffix (see \sectref{sec:7.1}). Instead, the indirect object pronominal cliticises to the particle an. This particle may be related to ana, the dative preposition ‘to.’
A: word: a-dzən=aŋ	 gloss: 3S-help=3S.IO
B: word: ká-kaɗ	 gloss: twoS+IFV-kill(club)
C: word: a-vəl=aŋ	 gloss: 3S-give=3S.IO
D: word: an=aŋ	 gloss: to=3S.IO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kà-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): twoS+PFV-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You slew it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \tabref{tab:55} (from \citealt{FriesenMamalis2008}) shows the direct object (\DO) pronomithe morpheme ___ls. The third person \DO pronomithe morpheme ___ls replace or double a full noun phrase in a discourse -- the the morpheme ___ (\oldstylenums{3}\textsc{s}.{\DO}) or ta (\oldstylenums{3}\textsc{p}.{\DO}) refer back to something in the immediately preceding context. Examples \REF{ex:7:29} and \REF{ex:7:30} show two clauses that might occur in a discourse. In \REF{ex:7:30} the the morpheme ___ refers back to sla ‘cow’ in \REF{ex:7:29}.
A: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
B: word: =aka=ala	 gloss: =on=to
C: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
D: word: dəraj	 gloss: head
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kà-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): twoS+PFV-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You slew it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \tabref{tab:55} (from \citealt{FriesenMamalis2008}) shows the direct object (\DO) pronomithe morpheme ___ls. The third person \DO pronomithe morpheme ___ls replace or double a full noun phrase in a discourse -- the the morpheme ___ (\oldstylenums{3}\textsc{s}.{\DO}) or ta (\oldstylenums{3}\textsc{p}.{\DO}) refer back to something in the immediately preceding context. Examples \REF{ex:7:29} and \REF{ex:7:30} show two clauses that might occur in a discourse. In \REF{ex:7:30} the the morpheme ___ refers back to sla ‘cow’ in \REF{ex:7:29}.
A: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
B: word: káá-z=ala	 gloss: twoS+POT-take=to
C: word: aɮa	 gloss: now
D: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kà-ɬ-aj ___
Gloss (with missing item): twoS+PFV-slay-CL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You slew it.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A third person \DO pronomithe morpheme ___l can be the only expression of direct object in a clause if its identity is known in the discourse (\ref{ex:7:30}, \ref{ex:7:32}, and \ref{ex:7:36}). The only time that a clause will contain both a third person \DO pronomithe morpheme ___l and a noun phrase that co-refer to the direct object in the clause is when a special focus on the direct object is required (‘all his brothers’ in \ref{ex:7:31}, ‘that fruit-bearing tree’ in \ref{ex:7:38}).
A: word: na-faɗ	 gloss: oneS-place
B: word: a-dzən=aŋ	 gloss: 3S-help=3S.IO
C: word: na	 gloss: 3S.DO
D: word: ɔ-lɔ	 gloss: 3S-go
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [ka-z=alaj] ___ a kɔsɔkʷɔ ava ɗaw
Gloss (with missing item): twoS-take=away ___ at market in {Q
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Will you take me to the market?’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The first and second person direct objects are expressed by free pronouns (see \sectref{sec:3.1.1.1}) or noun phrases. The free pronouns are distributionally and phonologically distinct from the third person direct object pronominals. The free pronouns occur after the verb complex. Note that they occur after the directional extensions in \REF{ex:7:39} and \REF{ex:7:40}. In each example, the verb complex is delineated by square brackets and the first or second person independent pronoun is bolded.
A: word: ava	 gloss: in
B: word: ɛgɪnɛ	 gloss: today
C: word: məlama=aŋgʷɔ=ahaj	 gloss: sibling=twoS.POSS=Pl
D: word: nɛ	 gloss: oneS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): baba=aŋgʷɔ [à-vəl=ata] ___ a ahar=atəta ava
Gloss (with missing item): father=twoS.POSS 3S-give=3P.IO ___ at hand=3P.POSS in
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Your father gave you to them’ (lit. your father gave you into their hands)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The first and second person direct objects are expressed by free pronouns (see \sectref{sec:3.1.1.1}) or noun phrases. The free pronouns are distributionally and phonologically distinct from the third person direct object pronominals. The free pronouns occur after the verb complex. Note that they occur after the directional extensions in \REF{ex:7:39} and \REF{ex:7:40}. In each example, the verb complex is delineated by square brackets and the first or second person independent pronoun is bolded.
A: word: =va	 gloss: =PRF
B: word: nɔkʷ=va	 gloss: twoS=PRF
C: word: nɔkʷ	 gloss: twoS
D: word: áà-l=ala	 gloss: 3S+PBL-go=to
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bɪrɛk tʃɪtʃɪŋgɛhɛ
Gloss (with missing item): ___ brick now
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I am making bricks (now).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \REF{ex:7:51} and \REF{ex:7:52} illustrate another Imperfective/Perfective pair. The Imperfective in this case refers to an event in process.
A: word: war	 gloss: child
B: word: ná-kàɗ	 gloss: oneS+IFV-kill
C: word: nà-kàɗ	 gloss: oneS+PFV-kill
D: word: mɪ-hɪm-ɛ=alɔkʷɔ	 gloss: NOM-run-CL=1PIN.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ɬɪrɛlɛ ___ mɪʒɛ
Gloss (with missing item): work ___ person
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Work tires people out.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In texts, the Imperfective is used whenever the (ongoing) normal state of affairs is being expressed, i.e., the way the world is. All the main verbs are Imperfective in (\ref{ex:7:57}--\ref{ex:7:60}). They are general statements and not speaking of a particular situation.
A: word: á-jəɗ-aj	 gloss: 3S+IFV-tire-CL
B: word: mà-paɗ-aj	 gloss: 3S+HOR-crunch-CL
C: word: mɪ-nʒ-ijɛ	 gloss: NOM-sit-CL
D: word: á-ndaj	 gloss: 3S+IFV-PROG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ɔkʷfɔm nə mɪ-kɪɗ-ɛ ká-ɬ-aj baj
Gloss (with missing item): ___ mouse with NOM-kill(club)-CL twoS+IFV-slay-CL NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You kill mice by smashing their head; you don’t cut their throats.’ (lit. you kill a mouse with killing; you don’t slay it)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In texts, the Imperfective is used whenever the (ongoing) normal state of affairs is being expressed, i.e., the way the world is. All the main verbs are Imperfective in (\ref{ex:7:57}--\ref{ex:7:60}). They are general statements and not speaking of a particular situation.
A: word: ná-kàɗ	 gloss: oneS+IFV-kill
B: word: nə-kaɗ	 gloss: oneS-kill
C: word: ka-ɬ=aŋ	 gloss: twoS-slay=3S.IO
D: word: ká-kaɗ	 gloss: twoS+IFV-kill(club)
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ká-kaɗ ɔkʷfɔm nə mɪ-kɪɗ-ɛ ___ baj
Gloss (with missing item): twoS+IFV-kill(club) mouse with NOM-kill(club)-CL ___ NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:‘You kill mice by smashing their head; you don’t cut their throats.’ (lit. you kill a mouse with killing; you don’t slay it)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In texts, the Imperfective is used whenever the (ongoing) normal state of affairs is being expressed, i.e., the way the world is. All the main verbs are Imperfective in (\ref{ex:7:57}--\ref{ex:7:60}). They are general statements and not speaking of a particular situation.
A: word: káá-ɬ-aj	 gloss: twoS+POT-slay-CL
B: word: kà-ɬ-aj	 gloss: twoS+PFV-slay-CL
C: word: a-fəɗ=aka	 gloss: 3S-place=on
D: word: ká-ɬ-aj	 gloss: twoS+IFV-slay-CL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘It is full.’ (it had filled)
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the Imperfective co-occurs with the Perfect, the verb describes the current state or result of an event (\ref{ex:7:62}, see \sectref{sec:7.5.3}).
A: word: gəvah=va	 gloss: field=PRF
B: word: à-rah=va	 gloss: 3S+PFV-fill=PRF
C: word: á-ráh=va	 gloss: 3S+IFV-fill=PRF
D: word: dər=aka=alaj	 gloss: move=on=away
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-s=aw bahaj mə-l=ala azana ___ ɛtɛ ɗaw
Gloss (with missing item): 3S-please=oneS.IO chief 3S+HOR-go=to maybe ___ polite {Q
The English translation of this sentence is:‘I would like the chief to come; maybe he will come (if he wants to).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the moods is illustrated in the following narrative situations. The first (\ref{ex:7:63} and \ref{ex:7:64}) illustrates a situation where someone says that he wants the chief to come to him, but he is not sure if the chief will actually come. The fact that the chief’s coming is desired by the speaker but dependent on the will of the chief is expressed by the Possible mood in \REF{ex:7:63}, with falling tone on the lengthened subject prefix (bolded). Compare with the response given in \REF{ex:7:64}, where the speaker is sure that the chief will come. The surety is expressed by the Potential mood, with high tone on the lengthened subject prefix (bolded).
A: word: à-l=ala	 gloss: 3S+PFV-go=to
B: word: áà-l=ala	 gloss: 3S+PBL-go=to
C: word: mɪ-nʒ-ijɛ	 gloss: NOM-sit-CL
D: word: a-nz=ala	 gloss: 3S-go=to
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Moloko. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:‘He will come (I am sure).’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The difference between the moods is illustrated in the following narrative situations. The first (\ref{ex:7:63} and \ref{ex:7:64}) illustrates a situation where someone says that he wants the chief to come to him, but he is not sure if the chief will actually come. The fact that the chief’s coming is desired by the speaker but dependent on the will of the chief is expressed by the Possible mood in \REF{ex:7:63}, with falling tone on the lengthened subject prefix (bolded). Compare with the response given in \REF{ex:7:64}, where the speaker is sure that the chief will come. The surety is expressed by the Potential mood, with high tone on the lengthened subject prefix (bolded).
A: word: á-l=ala	 gloss: 3S+IFV-go=to
B: word: mɪ-hɪm-ɛ=alɔkʷɔ	 gloss: NOM-run-CL=1PIN.POSS
C: word: áá-l=ala	 gloss: 3S+POT-go=to
D: word: káá-z=ala	 gloss: twoS+POT-take=to
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C