cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 117:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Amiten=ke ikiw-i-yem, ___ me ikiw-i-yem.
Gloss (with missing item): Amiten=CF go-NP-PR.1s ___ not go-NP-PR.1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`I go to Amiten but I don't go to Susure.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: . The examples cited are very similar to those cases in Mauwake where the contrastive focus marker cliticizes to the subject.} \REF{ex:9:x1689}, or the non-verbal predicate of a verbless clause \REF{ex:9:x1691}. In a few cases, some other constituent is marked, e.g., a contrasted object \REF{ex:9:x1692}, \REF{ex:9:x1697} or an adverbial phrase \REF{ex:9:x1693}, \REF{ex:9:x1694}.
A: word: naare=ke	 gloss: who=CF
B: word: susure=ke	 gloss: Susure=CF
C: word: bug	 gloss: wind
D: word: fain=ke	 gloss: this=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 118:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ne yena aamun ___ aaw-o-k.
Gloss (with missing item): ADD 1s.GEN 1s/p.younger.sibling ___ get-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`And my younger sibling was killed by a bullet (lit: arrow).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The contrastive focus marker is also used for subject disambiguation. When an object of a clause is fronted as the theme, the constituent order changes from \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{sov}} to \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{osv}}. If both the subject and object are in the third person and are realized as overt \textsc{np}s, this creates a potential ambiguity as to which one is which argument. The contrastive focus marker, added to the subject, may first have been used to disambiguate clauses like \REF{ex:9:x1695} and later spread as an optional marking even to clauses where the verbal suffix distinguishes the two arguments and which would not need this extra marking \REF{ex:9:x1696}. Without the contrastive focus marking, the example \REF{ex:9:x1695} would mean `and my younger sibling got/took an arrow/a bullet'.
A: word: ariwa	 gloss: arrow
B: word: eliwa=ke	 gloss: good=CF
C: word: aaw-ep	 gloss: take-SS.SEQ
D: word: ariwa=ke	 gloss: arrow=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 119:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Fofa=pa maa mauwa on-i-mik nain ___ ma-i-yem.
Gloss (with missing item): market=LOC thing what do-NP-PR.1/3p that1 ___ say-NP-PR.1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`I tell what we do at the market.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The contrastive focus marker is also used for subject disambiguation. When an object of a clause is fronted as the theme, the constituent order changes from \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{sov}} to \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{osv}}. If both the subject and object are in the third person and are realized as overt \textsc{np}s, this creates a potential ambiguity as to which one is which argument. The contrastive focus marker, added to the subject, may first have been used to disambiguate clauses like \REF{ex:9:x1695} and later spread as an optional marking even to clauses where the verbal suffix distinguishes the two arguments and which would not need this extra marking \REF{ex:9:x1696}. Without the contrastive focus marking, the example \REF{ex:9:x1695} would mean `and my younger sibling got/took an arrow/a bullet'.
A: word: iiriw	 gloss: earlier
B: word: (yos=ke)	 gloss: 1s.FC=CF
C: word: yos=ke	 gloss: 1s=CF
D: word: is=ke	 gloss: 1p.FC=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 120:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ne yena aamun ___ aaw-o-k.
Gloss (with missing item): ADD 1s.GEN 1s/p.younger.sibling ___ get-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`And my younger sibling was killed by a bullet (lit: arrow).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The contrastive focus marker is also used for subject disambiguation. When an object of a clause is fronted as the theme, the constituent order changes from \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{sov}} to \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{osv}}. If both the subject and object are in the third person and are realized as overt \textsc{np}s, this creates a potential ambiguity as to which one is which argument. The contrastive focus marker, added to the subject, may first have been used to disambiguate clauses like \REF{ex:9:x1695} and later spread as an optional marking even to clauses where the verbal suffix distinguishes the two arguments and which would not need this extra marking \REF{ex:9:x1696}. Without the contrastive focus marking, the example \REF{ex:9:x1695} would mean `and my younger sibling got/took an arrow/a bullet'.
A: word: eliwa=ke	 gloss: good=CF
B: word: ariwa	 gloss: arrow
C: word: ik-ok	 gloss: be-SS
D: word: ariwa=ke	 gloss: arrow=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 121:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Naap ik-ok wi Saramun=ke wiisa uf-e-mik. ___ eliwa\textsubscript{O} i wiar uruf-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): thus be-SS 3p.UNM Saramun=CF dance.name dance-PA-1/3p ___ good 1p.UNM 3.DAT see-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then the Saramun people danced wiisa. It was a good dance we saw from them.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the contrastive focus marker is very common when both the subject and object in an \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{osv}} clause are \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{np}}s, it is not obligatory. See the second clause of \REF{ex:9:x1702} for an example.
A: word: uf-owa	 gloss: dance-NMZ
B: word: kuisow	 gloss: one
C: word: niir-owa	 gloss: play-NMZ
D: word: muf-owa	 gloss: pull-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 122:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ikoka ___ kaanin=ke samor-ar-eya oko fain=ke asip-i-non.
Gloss (with missing item): later ___ which=CF bad-INCH-2/3s.DS other this=CF help-NP-FU.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`Later when any of the engines breaks this other one will help it.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:9:x1706}, the second \textstyleAcronymallcaps{cf} is necessary, because otherwise `this other one' would be interpreted as an object; the real object in the second clause is marked by zero.
A: word: masin	 gloss: engine
B: word: ekap-em-ika-iwkin	 gloss: come-SS.SIM-be-2/3p.DS
C: word: marasin	 gloss: medicine
D: word: kateres=iya	 gloss: cartridge=COM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 123:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ikoka masin ___ samor-ar-eya oko fain=ke asip-i-non.
Gloss (with missing item): later engine ___ bad-INCH-2/3s.DS other this=CF help-NP-FU.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`Later when any of the engines breaks this other one will help it.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:9:x1706}, the second \textstyleAcronymallcaps{cf} is necessary, because otherwise `this other one' would be interpreted as an object; the real object in the second clause is marked by zero.
A: word: is=na	 gloss: 1p.FC=TP
B: word: nain=ke	 gloss: that=CF
C: word: kaanin=ke	 gloss: which=CF
D: word: mauwa=ke	 gloss: what=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 124:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ikoka masin kaanin=ke samor-ar-eya ___ fain=ke asip-i-non.
Gloss (with missing item): later engine which=CF bad-INCH-2/3s.DS ___ this=CF help-NP-FU.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`Later when any of the engines breaks this other one will help it.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:9:x1706}, the second \textstyleAcronymallcaps{cf} is necessary, because its gloss ___wise `this its gloss ___ one' would be interpreted as an object; the real object in the second clause is marked by zero.
A: word: mokoka	 gloss: eye
B: word: pun	 gloss: also
C: word: oko	 gloss: other
D: word: no=ko	 gloss: 2s.UNM=NF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 125:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ikoka masin kaanin=ke samor-ar-eya oko ___ asip-i-non.
Gloss (with missing item): later engine which=CF bad-INCH-2/3s.DS other ___ help-NP-FU.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`Later when any of the engines breaks this other one will help it.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:9:x1706}, the second \textstyleAcronymallcaps{cf} is necessary, because otherwise `this other one' would be interpreted as an object; the real object in the second clause is marked by zero.
A: word: merena	 gloss: leg
B: word: fain=ke	 gloss: this=CF
C: word: nain=ke	 gloss: that=CF
D: word: kain=ke	 gloss: which=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 126:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wia, ___ owow saria ika-i-yem.
Gloss (with missing item): no ___ village headman be-NP-PR.1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`No, I am the village headman.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A clause can only have one constituent with contrastive focus. In a verbless clause, either the subject \REF{ex:9:x1708} or the non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:9:x1707} can be marked with it, but not both.
A: word: yos=ke	 gloss: 1s.FC=CF
B: word: uura	 gloss: night
C: word: is=ke	 gloss: 1p.FC=CF
D: word: (yos=ke)	 gloss: 1s.FC=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 127:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yo ___ saria=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): 1s.UNM ___ headman=CF
The English translation of this sentence is:`I am the village headman.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A clause can only have one constituent with contrastive focus. In a verbless clause, either the subject \REF{ex:9:x1708} or the non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:9:x1707} can be marked with it, but not both.
A: word: (yos=ke)	 gloss: 1s.FC=CF
B: word: irak-ow(a)	 gloss: fight-NMZ
C: word: kaakew	 gloss: which.village
D: word: owow(a)	 gloss: village
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 128:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Iperuma nain me enim-eka, ___ mua=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): eel that1 not eat-IMP.2p ___ man=CF
The English translation of this sentence is:`Don't eat the eel, it is a spirit man.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Contrastive focus can be assigned to a constituent regardless of whether it is given or new \REF{ex:9:x1709}, indefinite \REF{ex:9:x1710} or definite \REF{ex:9:x1711}. Non-verbal predicates with \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textup{\textsc{cf}}} are mostly new information, whereas for subjects neither givenness nor definiteness matters.
A: word: maneka=ke	 gloss: big=CF
B: word: inasin	 gloss: spirit
C: word: inasina	 gloss: spirit
D: word: sawur=ke	 gloss: spirit=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 129:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Iir oko ___ oko=ke koora ku-ek-a-m na-ep maakara war-ep{\dots}
Gloss (with missing item): time other ___ other=CF house build-CNTF-PA-1s say-SS.SEQ timber cut-SS.SEQ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Another time a man wanted to build a house and he cut timber and {\dots}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Contrastive focus can be assigned to a constituent regardless of whether it is given or new \REF{ex:9:x1709}, indefinite \REF{ex:9:x1710} or definite \REF{ex:9:x1711}. Non-verbal predicates with \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textup{\textsc{cf}}} are mostly new information, whereas for subjects neither givenness nor definiteness matters.
A: word: mua	 gloss: man
B: word: mua=ko	 gloss: man=NF
C: word: (mua)	 gloss: (man)
D: word: yia	 gloss: 1s.ACC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 130:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Iir oko mua ___ koora ku-ek-a-m na-ep maakara war-ep{\dots}
Gloss (with missing item): time other man ___ house build-CNTF-PA-1s say-SS.SEQ timber cut-SS.SEQ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Another time a man wanted to build a house and he cut timber and {\dots}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Contrastive focus can be assigned to a constituent regardless of whether it is given or new \REF{ex:9:x1709}, indefinite \REF{ex:9:x1710} or definite \REF{ex:9:x1711}. Non-verbal predicates with \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textup{\textsc{cf}}} are mostly new information, whereas for subjects neither givenness nor definiteness matters.
A: word: papako=ke	 gloss: some=CF
B: word: ikiw-ep=ko	 gloss: go-SS.SEQ=NF
C: word: amis-ar-ek-a-mik	 gloss: knowledge-INCH-CNTF-PA-1/3p
D: word: oko=ke	 gloss: other=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 131:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ nain=ke ifa puuk-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ that1=CF snake change.into-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`The sugarcane changed into a snake.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Contrastive focus can be assigned to a constituent regardless of whether it is given or new \REF{ex:9:x1709}, indefinite \REF{ex:9:x1710} or definite \REF{ex:9:x1711}. Non-verbal predicates with \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textup{\textsc{cf}}} are mostly new information, whereas for subjects neither givenness nor definiteness matters.
A: word: wiena	 gloss: 3p.GEN
B: word: waaya	 gloss: pig
C: word: aaya=ko	 gloss: sugarcane=NF
D: word: aaya	 gloss: sugarcane
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 132:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Aaya ___ ifa puuk-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): sugarcane ___ snake change.into-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`The sugarcane changed into a snake.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Contrastive focus can be assigned to a constituent regardless of whether it is given or new \REF{ex:9:x1709}, indefinite \REF{ex:9:x1710} or definite \REF{ex:9:x1711}. Non-verbal predicates with \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textup{\textsc{cf}}} are mostly new information, whereas for subjects neither givenness nor definiteness matters.
A: word: nain=ko	 gloss: that1=NF
B: word: nain=ke	 gloss: that1=CF
C: word: orawin	 gloss: for.the.benefit
D: word: opaimika=ko	 gloss: talk/story=NF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 133:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ naareke nefa maak-e-k?
Gloss (with missing item): ___ who.CF 2s.ACC tell-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`Who told you?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In non-polar questions, it is the questioned element that is in focus. This is reflected in the question words and in the answers. When the question word is the subject \REF{ex:9:x1714} or the non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:9:x1712}, it takes the \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{cf}} clitic, and the corresponding constituent in the answer usually gets the focus marking as well \REF{ex:9:x1715}, \REF{ex:9:x1713}.
A: word: (mua)	 gloss: (man)
B: word: mua=ko	 gloss: man=NF
C: word: mua	 gloss: man
D: word: akena=ko	 gloss: very=NF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 134:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mua ___ nefa maak-e-k?
Gloss (with missing item): man ___ 2s.ACC tell-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`Who told you?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In non-polar questions, it is the questioned element that is in focus. This is reflected in the question words and in the answers. When the question word is the subject \REF{ex:9:x1714} or the non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:9:x1712}, it takes the \textstyleAcronymallcaps{\textsc{cf}} clitic, and the corresponding constituent in the answer usually gets the focus marking as well \REF{ex:9:x1715}, \REF{ex:9:x1713}.
A: word: naare=ke	 gloss: who=CF
B: word: os=ke	 gloss: 3s.FC=CF
C: word: naareke''	 gloss: who.CF
D: word: naareke	 gloss: who.CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D