cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nis pun kema puk-owa ___ aa!
Gloss (with missing item): 2p.UNM also liver burst-NMZ ___ INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is: `Ah, I think you don't have any sense at all (lit: your liver hasn't burst)!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When the proposition is considered less than certain, either probable or just possible, the modal adverb clitic -\textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{yon} `probably/perhaps/I think' (\sectref{sec:3.9.3}) is attached to the last word in the statement, usually either a verb \REF{ex:6:x1052} or non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:6:x1053}. An interjection can still follow the word with -\textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{yon} \REF{ex:6:x1071}.
A: word: ikiw-owa=ke	 gloss: go-NMZ=CF
B: word: papako=ke	 gloss: some=CF
C: word: marewa=ke=yon	 gloss: none=CF-perhaps
D: word: op-a-m	 gloss: hold-PA-1s,
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Naap wiar ___ oo!
Gloss (with missing item): thus 3.DAT ___ INTJ
The English translation of this sentence is: `Oh, if only we had known that about him/them!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The counterfactual form of the verb (\sectref{sec:3.8.3.2}) is used in speculative statements where the situation mentioned in the proposition \textstyleEmphasizedWords{{did not}} happen, although it could have \REF{ex:6:x1054}--\REF{ex:6:x1056}.
A: word: amis-ar-i-mik	 gloss: knowledge-INCH-Np-PR.1/3p
B: word: amis-ar-ek-a-mik	 gloss: knowledge-INCH-CNTF-PA-1/3p
C: word: amis-ar-ep	 gloss: knowledge-INCH-SS.SEQ
D: word: mua	 gloss: man
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): No ___ eliw on-i-nan.
Gloss (with missing item): 2s.UNM ___ well do-Np-FU.2s
The English translation of this sentence is: `You are able, you can do it.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Abilitative is expressed by the adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `enough, correctly, its gloss ___' as a non-verbal predicate. In affirmative statements the verb that the adverb refers to often occurs in the following clause \REF{ex:6:x1089}:
A: word: 'me	 gloss: not
B: word: saana=pa	 gloss: season=LOC
C: word: pepek	 gloss: able
D: word: pepekim-ep	 gloss: measure-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {\dots} mukuna nain ___ me pepek.
Gloss (with missing item): ... fire that1 ___ not able
The English translation of this sentence is: `{\dots} (we were) not able to extinguish the fire.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb may also be in the same clause but in the nominalized form; this is more common in negative statements \REF{ex:6:x1088}:
A: word: weetak	 gloss: no
B: word: asip-owa	 gloss: help-NMZ
C: word: puk-owa	 gloss: burst-NMZ
D: word: umuk-owa	 gloss: extinguish-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): {\dots} mukuna nain umuk-owa ___ pepek.
Gloss (with missing item): ... fire that1 extinguish-NMZ ___ able
The English translation of this sentence is: `{\dots} (we were) not able to extinguish the fire.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb may also be in the sathe morpheme ___ clause but in the nominalized form; this is more common in negative statethe morpheme ___nts \REF{ex:6:x1088}:
A: word: simbine	 gloss: Simbine
B: word: (me	 gloss: (not
C: word: me	 gloss: not
D: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yo uurika owow maneka ___ (ik-ua).
Gloss (with missing item): 1s.UNM tomorrow village big ___ be-PA.3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `I have to go to town tomorrow.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The syntactic strategy for expressing strong obligation is to use the nominalized form of the verb followed by the contrastive focus clitic, and optionally an appropriate form of the verb `be' \REF{ex:6:x1077}.
A: word: naap=i	 gloss: thus=QM
B: word: ikiw-owa	 gloss: go-NMZ
C: word: eliwa	 gloss: good
D: word: ikiw-owa=ke	 gloss: go-NMZ=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ efar ika-eya ekap-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 1s.DAT be-2/3s.DS come-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `I had to come, so I came.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A nominalized clause structure may may be interpreted to express obligation even without the contrastive focus clitic, and in a medial clause. A dative pronoun is added if clarification is needed to state who is obligated to do something \REF{ex:6:x1079}.
A: word: ekap-owa	 gloss: come-NMZ
B: word: uruf-owa	 gloss: see-NMZ
C: word: ekap-o-k	 gloss: come-PA-3s
D: word: iinan	 gloss: top
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ekap-owa ___ ika-eya ekap-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): come-NMZ ___ be-2/3s.DS come-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `I had to come, so I came.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A nominalized clause structure may may be interpreted to express obligation even without the contrastive focus clitic, and in a medial clause. A dative pronoun is added if clarification is needed to state who is obligated to do something \REF{ex:6:x1079}.
A: word: nefar	 gloss: 2s.DAT
B: word: efar	 gloss: 1s.DAT
C: word: in-i-mik	 gloss: sleep-NP-PR.1/3p
D: word: keker	 gloss: fear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ekap-owa efar ___ ekap-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): come-NMZ 1s.DAT ___ come-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `I had to come, so I came.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A nominalized clause structure may may be interpreted to express obligation even without the contrastive focus clitic, and in a medial clause. A dative pronoun is added if clarification is needed to state who is obligated to do something \REF{ex:6:x1079}.
A: word: ika-eya	 gloss: be-2/3s.DS
B: word: ika-iwkin	 gloss: be-2/3p.DS
C: word: unowa	 gloss: many
D: word: urup-em-ika-eya	 gloss: ascend-SS.SIM-be-2/3s.DS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yiena miiwa kuisow, ___ feeke soop-i-yen.
Gloss (with missing item): 1p.GEN land one ___ here.CF bury-Np-FU.1p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Our land is one, we may bury him here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Permission is indicated by the adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___/all right' placed before the verb, which is in the future form \REF{ex:6:x1085}, \REF{ex:6:x1086}.
A: word: a''	 gloss: ah
B: word: eliw(a)	 gloss: good
C: word: eliw	 gloss: well
D: word: weetak	 gloss: no
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ek-ap fook-i-nan, fook-ap ep-i-nan.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ come-SS.SEQ split-Np-FU.2s split-SS.SEQ go-Np-FU.2s
The English translation of this sentence is: `You may come and split (coconuts), and having split them, go.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Permission is indicated by the adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___/all right' placed before the verb, which is in the future form \REF{ex:6:x1085}, \REF{ex:6:x1086}.
A: word: eliw(a)	 gloss: good
B: word: ekap-owa	 gloss: come-NMZ
C: word: a''	 gloss: ah
D: word: eliw	 gloss: well
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Manin maneka na-isow nena kookal-owa=pa ___ weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): garden big 2s.ISOL 2s.GEN like-NMZ=LOC ___ no
The English translation of this sentence is: `You are not allowed to harvest the big garden by yourself when your like.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Prohibition or denial of permission is done with a negated nominalized form of a verb \REF{ex:6:x1087}, \REF{ex:6:x1078}.
A: word: sesek-owa=ke	 gloss: send-NMZ=CF
B: word: fain	 gloss: this
C: word: perek-owa	 gloss: harvest-NMZ
D: word: karu-eka	 gloss: run-IMP.2p
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I ___ sira samora on-owa=ke, weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): 1p.UNM ___ custom bad do-NMZ=CF no
The English translation of this sentence is: `We must not do bad things.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Prohibition or denial of permission is done with a negated nominalized form of a verb \REF{ex:6:x1087}, \REF{ex:6:x1078}.
A: word: (me	 gloss: (not
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
D: word: kui-kuisow	 gloss: RDP-one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I me sira samora ___ weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): 1p.UNM not custom bad ___ no
The English translation of this sentence is: `We must not do bad things.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Prohibition or denial of permission is done with a negated nominalized form of a verb \REF{ex:6:x1087}, \REF{ex:6:x1078}.
A: word: ik-owa=ke	 gloss: be-NMZ=CF
B: word: kekan-owa=ke	 gloss: be.strong-NMZ=CF
C: word: on-owa=ke	 gloss: do-NMZ=CF
D: word: uf-ep=na	 gloss: dance-SS.SEQ=NF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Maa=ko ___ on-owa nain nis=ke on-i-man.
Gloss (with missing item): thing=NF ___ do-NMZ that1 2p.FC=CF do-Np-PR.2p
The English translation of this sentence is: `You do things that must not be done.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In sentences expressing disobedience to a prohibition, it is particularly common to have the prohibition in a relative clause where the nominalized verb is negated with the verbal negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} \REF{ex:6:x1887}, \REF{ex:6:x1888}. Here the contrastive focus clitic is its gloss ___ used.
A: word: ika-eya	 gloss: be-2/3s.DS
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
D: word: (me	 gloss: (not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Maa=ko me ___ nain nis=ke on-i-man.
Gloss (with missing item): thing=NF not ___ that1 2p.FC=CF do-Np-PR.2p
The English translation of this sentence is: `You do things that must not be done.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In sentences expressing disobedience to a prohibition, it is particularly common to have the prohibition in a relative clause where the nominalized verb is negated with the verbal negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{me} \REF{ex:6:x1887}, \REF{ex:6:x1888}. Here the contrastive focus clitic is not used.
A: word: on-owa=ke	 gloss: do-NMZ=CF
B: word: on-owa	 gloss: do-NMZ
C: word: muuka	 gloss: son
D: word: uruf-owa	 gloss: see-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sabat fofa=pa ___ uuw-owa nain emeria nain saliw-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): sabbath day=LOC ___ work-NMZ that1 woman that1 heal-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `He healed the woman on a Sabbath day when it was forbidden to work.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In sentences expressing disobedience to a prohibition, it is particularly common to have the prohibition in a relative clause where the nominalized verb is negated with the verbal negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} \REF{ex:6:x1887}, \REF{ex:6:x1888}. Here the contrastive focus clitic is its gloss ___ used.
A: word: fan-e-k	 gloss: here-PA-3s
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
D: word: (me	 gloss: (not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sabat fofa=pa me ___ nain emeria nain saliw-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): sabbath day=LOC not ___ that1 woman that1 heal-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `He healed the woman on a Sabbath day when it was forbidden to work.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In sentences expressing disobedience to a prohibition, it is particularly common to have the prohibition in a relative clause where the nominalized verb is negated with the verbal negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{me} \REF{ex:6:x1887}, \REF{ex:6:x1888}. Here the contrastive focus clitic is not used.
A: word: baliwep	 gloss: well
B: word: suuw-owa	 gloss: push-NMZ
C: word: uuw-owa	 gloss: work-NMZ
D: word: uuw-owa=ke	 gloss: work-NMZ=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): I iinan aasa ___ kuuf-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): 1p.UNM sky canoe ___ see-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `We did not see the airplanes.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbal clauses are negated with the negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___', placed before the verb \REF{ex:6:x1090}, verbal group \REF{ex:6:x1091} or verb phrase \REF{ex:6:x1092}.
A: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: (me	 gloss: (not
D: word: simbine	 gloss: Simbine
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yo ___ keker op-a-m, Kedem=ke makena.
Gloss (with missing item): 1s.UNM ___ fear hold-PA-1s, Kedem=CF true
The English translation of this sentence is: `I was not afraid, true, Kedem was.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbal clauses are negated with the negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___', placed before the verb \REF{ex:6:x1090}, verbal group \REF{ex:6:x1091} or verb phrase \REF{ex:6:x1092}.
A: word: (me	 gloss: (not
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
D: word: 'me	 gloss: not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yo me ___ op-a-m, Kedem=ke makena.
Gloss (with missing item): 1s.UNM not ___ hold-PA-1s, Kedem=CF true
The English translation of this sentence is: `I was not afraid, true, Kedem was.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Verbal clauses are negated with the negator \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{me} `not', placed before the verb \REF{ex:6:x1090}, verbal group \REF{ex:6:x1091} or verb phrase \REF{ex:6:x1092}.
A: word: eliwa	 gloss: good
B: word: wekera	 gloss: 3s/p.sister
C: word: pina	 gloss: guilt
D: word: keker	 gloss: fear
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D