cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 95:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nainiw ___ maa me sesek-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): again ___ food not sell-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They did not come back and sell food again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negative spreading is fairly common in languages that have a medial verb system. The negation can spread forwards or backwards, or both, depending on the language. In Mauwake both forward \REF{ex:6:x1138} and backward \REF{ex:6:x1140} spreading is possible across medial clause boundaries, but only with the same-subject medial verbs.\footnote{In Usan, the negation of a final clause can spread backwards even with a different subject medial verb \citep[282]{Reesink1987}, but Hua, like Mauwake, requires a same subject medial verb \citep[408]{Haiman1980}.} The spreading is not common, but it is more acceptable if the verbs form a logical sequence, an ``expectancy chain''.
A: word: ir-ap	 gloss: come/go-SS.SEQ
B: word: ekap-e-mik	 gloss: come-PA-1/3p
C: word: owowa=pa=ko	 gloss: village=LOC=NF
D: word: ekap-ep	 gloss: come-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 96:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nainiw ekap-ep ___ me sesek-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): again come-SS.SEQ ___ not sell-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They did not come back and sell food again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negative spreading is fairly common in languages that have a medial verb system. The negation can spread forwards or backwards, or both, depending on the language. In Mauwake both forward \REF{ex:6:x1138} and backward \REF{ex:6:x1140} spreading is possible across medial clause boundaries, but only with the same-subject medial verbs.\footnote{In Usan, the negation of a final clause can spread backwards even with a different subject medial verb \citep[282]{Reesink1987}, but Hua, like Mauwake, requires a same subject medial verb \citep[408]{Haiman1980}.} The spreading is not common, but it is more acceptable if the verbs form a logical sequence, an ``expectancy chain''.
A: word: yaapan=ke	 gloss: Japan=CF
B: word: maake-miaw-i-yem	 gloss: tell-wander-NPS-PR.1s
C: word: maa	 gloss: food
D: word: unow=iya	 gloss: many=COM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 97:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nainiw ekap-ep maa ___ sesek-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): again come-SS.SEQ food ___ sell-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They did not come back and sell food again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negative spreading is fairly common in languages that have a the morpheme ___dial verb system. The negation can spread forwards or backwards, or both, depending on the language. In Mauwake both forward \REF{ex:6:x1138} and backward \REF{ex:6:x1140} spreading is possible across the morpheme ___dial clause boundaries, but only with the sathe morpheme ___-subject the morpheme ___dial verbs.\footits gloss ___e{In Usan, the negation of a final clause can spread backwards even with a different subject the morpheme ___dial verb \citep[282]{Reesink1987}, but Hua, like Mauwake, requires a sathe morpheme ___ subject the morpheme ___dial verb \citep[408]{Haiman1980}.} The spreading is its gloss ___ common, but it is more acceptable if the verbs form a logical sequence, an ``expectancy chain''.
A: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: nainiw	 gloss: again
D: word: (me	 gloss: (not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 98:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nepa opaimika ___ baliwep amis-ar-ep wiena opaimik=iw yia maak-em-ik-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): bird talk ___ well knowledge-INCH-SS.SEQ 3p.GEN talk=INST 1p.ACC tell-SS.SIM-be-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They did not know Tok Pisin well and talked to us in their own language.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But negative spreading is its gloss ___ automatic; even with a sathe morpheme ___-subject the morpheme ___dial verb two clauses \textstyleParagraphChari{can} have different polarity \REF{ex:6:x1156}, \REF{ex:6:x1763}. If the speaker wants to avoid ambiguity, finite clauses can be used when the polarity is different \REF{ex:6:x1153}.
A: word: (me	 gloss: (not
B: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
C: word: me	 gloss: not
D: word: efar	 gloss: 1s.DAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 99:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nepa opaimika me ___ amis-ar-ep wiena opaimik=iw yia maak-em-ik-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): bird talk not ___ knowledge-INCH-SS.SEQ 3p.GEN talk=INST 1p.ACC tell-SS.SIM-be-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They did not know Tok Pisin well and talked to us in their own language.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But negative spreading is not automatic; even with a same-subject medial verb two clauses \textstyleParagraphChari{can} have different polarity \REF{ex:6:x1156}, \REF{ex:6:x1763}. If the speaker wants to avoid ambiguity, finite clauses can be used when the polarity is different \REF{ex:6:x1153}.
A: word: a''	 gloss: ah
B: word: balisow	 gloss: well
C: word: baliwep	 gloss: well
D: word: kui-kuisow	 gloss: RDP-one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 100:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nepa opaimika me baliwep ___ wiena opaimik=iw yia maak-em-ik-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): bird talk not well ___ 3p.GEN talk=INST 1p.ACC tell-SS.SIM-be-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They did not know Tok Pisin well and talked to us in their own language.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But negative spreading is not automatic; even with a same-subject medial verb two clauses \textstyleParagraphChari{can} have different polarity \REF{ex:6:x1156}, \REF{ex:6:x1763}. If the speaker wants to avoid ambiguity, finite clauses can be used when the polarity is different \REF{ex:6:x1153}.
A: word: amis-ar-ek-a-mik	 gloss: knowledge-INCH-CNTF-PA-1/3p
B: word: amis-ar-ep	 gloss: knowledge-INCH-SS.SEQ
C: word: eliw(a)	 gloss: good
D: word: i'men-ar-ep	 gloss: find-INCH-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 101:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mua lebuma ___ arim-ep takira ik-ok emeria wia aaw-i-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): man lazy ___ grow-SS.SEQ young be-SS.SIM woman 3s.ACC take-Np-PR.1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Lazy men, not having grown and (still) being young, take wives.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But negative spreading is its gloss ___ automatic; even with a sathe morpheme ___-subject the morpheme ___dial verb two clauses \textstyleParagraphChari{can} have different polarity \REF{ex:6:x1156}, \REF{ex:6:x1763}. If the speaker wants to avoid ambiguity, finite clauses can be used when the polarity is different \REF{ex:6:x1153}.
A: word: me	 gloss: not
B: word: auwa	 gloss: 1s/p.father
C: word: (me	 gloss: (not
D: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 102:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mua lebuma me ___ takira ik-ok emeria wia aaw-i-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): man lazy not ___ young be-SS.SIM woman 3s.ACC take-Np-PR.1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Lazy men, not having grown and (still) being young, take wives.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But negative spreading is not automatic; even with a same-subject medial verb two clauses \textstyleParagraphChari{can} have different polarity \REF{ex:6:x1156}, \REF{ex:6:x1763}. If the speaker wants to avoid ambiguity, finite clauses can be used when the polarity is different \REF{ex:6:x1153}.
A: word: arim-emi	 gloss: grow-SS.SIM
B: word: sesenar-ep	 gloss: buy-SS.SEQ
C: word: arim-ep	 gloss: grow-SS.SEQ
D: word: uuw-owa	 gloss: work-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 103:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nainiw ekap-e-mik, nain maa ___ sesek-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): again come-PA-1/3p that1 food ___ sell-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They came back again, but did not sell any food.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But negative spreading is its gloss ___ automatic; even with a sathe morpheme ___-subject the morpheme ___dial verb two clauses \textstyleParagraphChari{can} have different polarity \REF{ex:6:x1156}, \REF{ex:6:x1763}. If the speaker wants to avoid ambiguity, finite clauses can be used when the polarity is different \REF{ex:6:x1153}.
A: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
B: word: (me	 gloss: (not
C: word: me	 gloss: not
D: word: ekap-owa	 gloss: come-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 104:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mua unowa o ___ amis-ar-ep me ook-i-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): man many 3s.UNM ___ knowledge-INCH-SS.SEQ not follow-Np-PR.3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Many people do not know him and do not follow him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the context is its gloss ___ clear enough, the negator can be repeated for each negated verb in a the morpheme ___dial verb construction. In \REF{ex:6:x1139}, if only the first verb is negated, the sentence could the morpheme ___an that many people do its gloss ___ know the person but follow him nevertheless; whereas if only the second verb is negated, the sentence might be taken to the morpheme ___an that many people do know the person but do its gloss ___ follow him.
A: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
B: word: me	 gloss: not
C: word: muuka	 gloss: son
D: word: (me	 gloss: (not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 105:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Mua unowa o me amis-ar-ep ___ ook-i-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): man many 3s.UNM not knowledge-INCH-SS.SEQ ___ follow-Np-PR.3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Many people do not know him and do not follow him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the context is its gloss ___ clear enough, the negator can be repeated for each negated verb in a the morpheme ___dial verb construction. In \REF{ex:6:x1139}, if only the first verb is negated, the sentence could the morpheme ___an that many people do its gloss ___ know the person but follow him nevertheless; whereas if only the second verb is negated, the sentence might be taken to the morpheme ___an that many people do know the person but do its gloss ___ follow him.
A: word: nomak-ep	 gloss: surpass-SS.SEQ
B: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
C: word: (me	 gloss: (not
D: word: me	 gloss: not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 106:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ikoka Yaapan=ke ekap-emi ___ emeria unowa fain nia aaw-urum-i-kuan.
Gloss (with missing item): later Japan=CF come-SS.SIM ___ woman many this 2p.ACC take-DISTR/A-Np-FU.3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Later the Japanese will come and take all of you many women [here in this village].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Even though the first and second person pronouns are already deictic in themselves, their unmarked plural forms can both co-occur with the proximate demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{fain} 'this', \REF{ex:6:x1269}
A: word: nis	 gloss: 2p.FC
B: word: kiikir=iw	 gloss: first=INST
C: word: ni	 gloss: 2p.UNM
D: word: eliw(a)	 gloss: good
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 107:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ikoka Yaapan=ke ekap-emi ni emeria unowa ___ nia aaw-urum-i-kuan.
Gloss (with missing item): later Japan=CF come-SS.SIM 2p.UNM woman many ___ 2p.ACC take-DISTR/A-Np-FU.3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Later the Japanese will come and take all of you many women [here in this village].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Even though the first and second person pronouns are already deictic in themselves, their unmarked plural forms can both co-occur with the proximate demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} 'its gloss ___', \REF{ex:6:x1269}
A: word: oko	 gloss: other
B: word: fain=iw	 gloss: this=INST
C: word: fain	 gloss: this
D: word: feenap	 gloss: like.this
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 108:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ep-ap owora ___ aaw-ep enim-eka, iwer(a) eka fain enim-eka.
Gloss (with missing item): come-SS.SEQ betelnut ___ take-SS.SEQ eat-IMP.2p coconut water this eat-IMP.2p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Come and take this betelnut and eat it, (and) drink this coconut water.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Locative deixis, which relates the location to the speech act participants, utilizes several different word classes. The proximate demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___' \REF{ex:6:x1273} (\sectref{sec:3.6.2}) and the corresponding locative adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{fan} `here' \REF{ex:6:x1274} (\sectref{sec:3.6.3}) are truly deictic, as their meaning is based on the location of the speaker. The distal-1 demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' and the adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nan} `there' are more neutral, and the less common distal-2 and -3 deictics have other defining features besides the distance to the speaker.
A: word: maala	 gloss: long
B: word: fain	 gloss: this
C: word: fain=iw	 gloss: this=INST
D: word: feenap	 gloss: like.this
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 109:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ep-ap owora fain aaw-ep enim-eka, iwer(a) eka ___ enim-eka.
Gloss (with missing item): come-SS.SEQ betelnut this take-SS.SEQ eat-IMP.2p coconut water ___ eat-IMP.2p
The English translation of this sentence is: `Come and take this betelnut and eat it, (and) drink this coconut water.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Locative deixis, which relates the location to the speech act participants, utilizes several different word classes. The proximate demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___' \REF{ex:6:x1273} (\sectref{sec:3.6.2}) and the corresponding locative adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{fan} `here' \REF{ex:6:x1274} (\sectref{sec:3.6.3}) are truly deictic, as their meaning is based on the location of the speaker. The distal-1 demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' and the adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nan} `there' are more neutral, and the less common distal-2 and -3 deictics have other defining features besides the distance to the speaker.
A: word: fain	 gloss: this
B: word: fain=iw	 gloss: this=INST
C: word: sesenar-owa	 gloss: buy-NMZ
D: word: feenap	 gloss: like.this
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 110:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yo wia wiim-urup-ep ___ wia wu-ap kiiriw iw-a-m.
Gloss (with missing item): 1s.UNM 3p.ACC escort-ascend-SS.SEQ ___ 3p.ACC put-SS.SEQ again go-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `I escorted them up here and went (back) again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Locative deixis, which relates the location to the speech act participants, utilizes several different word classes. The proximate demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{fain} `this' \REF{ex:6:x1273} (\sectref{sec:3.6.2}) and the corresponding locative adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___' \REF{ex:6:x1274} (\sectref{sec:3.6.3}) are truly deictic, as their meaning is based on the location of the speaker. The distal-1 demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' and the adverb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nan} `tits gloss ___' are more neutral, and the less common distal-2 and -3 deictics have other defining features besides the distance to the speaker.
A: word: ika-eya	 gloss: be-2/3s.DS
B: word: nan	 gloss: there
C: word: fan	 gloss: here
D: word: fan-e-k	 gloss: here-PA-3s
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 111:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Auwa afura ___ a, no=ko wiar akim-ap=ko uruf-e.
Gloss (with missing item): 1s/p.father lime ___ INTJ 2s.UNM=NF 3.DAT try-SS.SEQ=NF see-IMP.2s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Ah, father's lime is here, you try it and see.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the location verbs \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{fan}- `arrive/be here' \REF{ex:6:x1275} and \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nan}- `arrive/be there' (\sectref{sec:3.8.4.4.3}) the deictic goal forms the verb root.
A: word: fan-e-k	 gloss: here-PA-3s
B: word: nan-e-k	 gloss: there-PA-3s
C: word: fan-e-mik	 gloss: here-PA-1/3p
D: word: ep-ap	 gloss: come-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A