cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 139:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Manina waisow mauw-ap neeke ___ nain weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): garden 3s.ISOL work-SS.SEQ there.CF ___ that1 no
The English translation of this sentence is: `Working on the garden alone and leaving it there (=without proper rituals) is not (acceptable/customary).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: wafur-a-k	 gloss: throw-PA-3s
B: word: op-ap	 gloss: hold-SS.SEQ
C: word: wafur-owa	 gloss: throw-NMZ
D: word: wafur-ap-pu-owa	 gloss: throw-SS.SEQ-CMPL-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 140:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ op-ap wiinar-owa] nain akim-am-ik-e.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ hold-SS.SEQ make.planting.holes-NMZ that1 try-SS.SIM-be-IMP.2s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Keep practising the making of planting holes with the planting stick.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: weria	 gloss: planting.stick
B: word: ekap-owa	 gloss: come-NMZ
C: word: kuuma	 gloss: stick
D: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 141:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [Weria ___ wiinar-owa] nain akim-am-ik-e.
Gloss (with missing item): planting.stick ___ make.planting.holes-NMZ that1 try-SS.SIM-be-IMP.2s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Keep practising the making of planting holes with the planting stick.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: nop-ap	 gloss: search-SS.SEQ
B: word: ookowa	 gloss: follow-NMZ
C: word: op-aw-ap	 gloss: hold-CAUS-SS.SEQ
D: word: op-ap	 gloss: hold-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 142:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [Weria op-ap ___ nain akim-am-ik-e.
Gloss (with missing item): planting.stick hold-SS.SEQ ___ that1 try-SS.SIM-be-IMP.2s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Keep practising the making of planting holes with the planting stick.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: up-owa	 gloss: plant-NMZ
B: word: sesenar-owa	 gloss: buy-NMZ
C: word: wiam	 gloss: 3p.REFL
D: word: wiinar-owa	 gloss: make.planting.holes-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 143:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ir-ap mik-owa nain yena amia me aaw-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ climb-SS.SEQ shoot-NMZ that 1s.GEN bow not take-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `(For) climbing the tree and shooting (an animal), I hadn't taken my bow (and arrows).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:5:x1844} the medial clause has to be within the scope of the nominalization for the sentences to make sense. The speaker had seen a possum in a its gloss ___ and would have liked to shoot it, but since he had not taken his bow and arrows with him, he did not climb up the its gloss ___ either.
A: word: nomokowa	 gloss: tree
B: word: soora	 gloss: forest
C: word: nomokow	 gloss: tree
D: word: wiena	 gloss: 3p.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 144:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nomokowa ___ mik-owa nain yena amia me aaw-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): tree ___ shoot-NMZ that 1s.GEN bow not take-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `(For) climbing the tree and shooting (an animal), I hadn't taken my bow (and arrows).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:5:x1844} the medial clause has to be within the scope of the nominalization for the sentences to make sense. The speaker had seen a possum in a tree and would have liked to shoot it, but since he had not taken his bow and arrows with him, he did not climb up the tree either.
A: word: ir-ap	 gloss: climb-SS.SEQ
B: word: bagiw-ir-ap	 gloss: hatred-rise-SS.SEQ
C: word: nomokowa	 gloss: tree
D: word: enim-u	 gloss: eat-IMP.1d
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 145:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nomokowa ir-ap ___ nain yena amia me aaw-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): tree climb-SS.SEQ ___ that 1s.GEN bow not take-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is: `(For) climbing the tree and shooting (an animal), I hadn't taken my bow (and arrows).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{ex:5:x1844} the medial clause has to be within the scope of the nominalization for the sentences to make sense. The speaker had seen a possum in a tree and would have liked to shoot it, but since he had not taken his bow and arrows with him, he did not climb up the tree either.
A: word: ik-e-mik	 gloss: be-PA-1/3p
B: word: mik-owa	 gloss: shoot-NMZ
C: word: karu-owa	 gloss: run-NMZ
D: word: ik-em-ik-owa	 gloss: roast-SS.SIM-be-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 146:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Irak-ep ___ niir-owa piipu-a-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): fight-SS.SEQ ___ play-NMZ leave-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `We fought and stopped (lit: left) playing football.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An intervening overt object may block a same-subject medial clause from being within the scope of a following nominalized verb \REF{ex:5:x1886}. A different-subject medial clause does not fall within the scope of a nominalized verb.
A: word: madang	 gloss: Madang
B: word: uuw-owa	 gloss: work-NMZ
C: word: kuura	 gloss: fly
D: word: luuwa	 gloss: ball
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 147:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wilin-owa\textsubscript{O} uruf-ap bom yia wafur-om-i-kuan na-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ shine-NMZ see-SS.SEQ bomb 1p.ACC throw-BEN-Np-FU.3p say-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is: `They\textsubscript{i}/we said that when they\textsubscript{j} see the light (lit: shining) of the fire they\textsubscript{j} will throw bombs at us.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The nominalized clause has several different functions. Like any other noun phrase, it may function as an argument \REF{ex:5:x1230} or in the periphery of a clause \REF{ex:5:x1241}, or in another noun phrase \REF{ex:5:x1229}.
A: word: epia	 gloss: firewood
B: word: epira	 gloss: plate
C: word: madang	 gloss: Madang
D: word: iwoka	 gloss: yam
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 148:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wiena oram niir-emi ___ kookal-owa=pa\textsubscript{Advl} nan wiam aaw-i-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): 3p.GEN just play-SS.SEQ ___ like-NMZ=LOC there 3p.REFL take-Np-PR.3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `They just play together and (on the basis of) liking each other they marry each other.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The nominalized clause has several different functions. Like any other noun phrase, it may function as an argument \REF{ex:5:x1230} or in the periphery of a clause \REF{ex:5:x1241}, or in another noun phrase \REF{ex:5:x1229}.
A: word: niam	 gloss: 2p.REFL
B: word: kia	 gloss: white
C: word: wiam	 gloss: 3p.REFL
D: word: wiamiya	 gloss: 3p.COM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 149:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ oko muuka wiar aaw-owa\textsubscript{NP} sira\textsubscript{NP}
Gloss (with missing item): ___ other son/child 3.DAT get-NMZ custom
The English translation of this sentence is: `the adoption custom' (Lit: the custom of getting a child from another family')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The nominalized clause has several different functions. Like any other noun phrase, it may function as an argument \REF{ex:5:x1230} or in the periphery of a clause \REF{ex:5:x1241}, or in another noun phrase \REF{ex:5:x1229}.
A: word: garanga	 gloss: family
B: word: sarang	 gloss: Sarang
C: word: aite	 gloss: mother
D: word: amerika=ke	 gloss: America=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 150:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): garanga ___ muuka wiar aaw-owa\textsubscript{NP} sira\textsubscript{NP}
Gloss (with missing item): family ___ son/child 3.DAT get-NMZ custom
The English translation of this sentence is: `the adoption custom' (Lit: the custom of getting a child from another family')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The nominalized clause has several different functions. Like any its gloss ___ noun phrase, it may function as an argument \REF{ex:5:x1230} or in the periphery of a clause \REF{ex:5:x1241}, or in anits gloss ___ noun phrase \REF{ex:5:x1229}.
A: word: mokoka	 gloss: eye
B: word: oko	 gloss: other
C: word: pun	 gloss: also
D: word: manina	 gloss: garden
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 151:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): garanga oko ___ wiar aaw-owa\textsubscript{NP} sira\textsubscript{NP}
Gloss (with missing item): family other ___ 3.DAT get-NMZ custom
The English translation of this sentence is: `the adoption custom' (Lit: the custom of getting a child from another family')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The nominalized clause has several different functions. Like any other noun phrase, it may function as an argument \REF{ex:5:x1230} or in the periphery of a clause \REF{ex:5:x1241}, or in another noun phrase \REF{ex:5:x1229}.
A: word: muuka	 gloss: son/child
B: word: yiar	 gloss: 1p.DAT
C: word: muukar-eya	 gloss: give.birth-2/3s.DS
D: word: napuma=ke	 gloss: sickness
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 152:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): garanga oko muuka ___ aaw-owa\textsubscript{NP} sira\textsubscript{NP}
Gloss (with missing item): family other son/child ___ get-NMZ custom
The English translation of this sentence is: `the adoption custom' (Lit: the custom of getting a child from another family')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The nominalized clause has several different functions. Like any other noun phrase, it may function as an argument \REF{ex:5:x1230} or in the periphery of a clause \REF{ex:5:x1241}, or in another noun phrase \REF{ex:5:x1229}.
A: word: mik-owa	 gloss: shoot-NMZ
B: word: wiarik	 gloss: 3.DAT
C: word: wiar	 gloss: 3.DAT
D: word: nefar	 gloss: 2s.DAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 153:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Inasina wia patir-a-mik nain ___ wiar en-owa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): bush.spirit 3p.ACC sacrifice-PA-1/3p that1 ___ 3.DAT eat-NMZ=CF
The English translation of this sentence is: `One must not eat what has been sacrificed to the bush spirits.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Expressions of obligation (\sectref{sec:6.1.2}) use the nominalized form of the main verb. It is followed by the contrastive focus clitic, when it is either a non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:5:x1242}, \REF{ex:5:x1244} or the subject of the verb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{ikua} `is' \REF{ex:5:x1243}.
A: word: me	 gloss: not
B: word: fan-e-mik	 gloss: here-PA-1/3p
C: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
D: word: (me	 gloss: (not
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 154:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Inasina wia patir-a-mik nain me ___ en-owa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): bush.spirit 3p.ACC sacrifice-PA-1/3p that1 not ___ eat-NMZ=CF
The English translation of this sentence is: `One must not eat what has been sacrificed to the bush spirits.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Expressions of obligation (\sectref{sec:6.1.2}) use the nominalized form of the main verb. It is followed by the contrastive focus clitic, when it is either a non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:5:x1242}, \REF{ex:5:x1244} or the subject of the verb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{ikua} `is' \REF{ex:5:x1243}.
A: word: wiar	 gloss: 3.DAT
B: word: maa	 gloss: thing/food
C: word: wiarik	 gloss: 3.DAT
D: word: nefar	 gloss: 2s.DAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 155:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Wi iperowa ekima wia op-ap ___ ik-owa=ke ik-ua.
Gloss (with missing item): 3p.UNM middle-aged forehead 3p.ACC hold-SS.SEQ ___ be-NMZ=CF be-PA.3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `One has to respect\footnote{The verbal expression for respecting someone is ekima opowa `holding someone's forehead'.} the middle-aged/elderly and behave well.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Expressions of obligation (\sectref{sec:6.1.2}) use the nominalized form of the main verb. It is followed by the contrastive focus clitic, when it is either a non-verbal predicate \REF{ex:5:x1242}, \REF{ex:5:x1244} or the subject of the verb \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{ikua} `is' \REF{ex:5:x1243}.
A: word: a''	 gloss: ah
B: word: ik-e-mik	 gloss: be-PA-1/3p
C: word: baliwep	 gloss: well
D: word: balisow	 gloss: well
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C