cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 123:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ waaya mik-owa nain on-ami kuep-i-man, niena maa=ke, niena wiowa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ pig spear-NMZ that1 do-SS.SIM break-Np-PR.2p 2p.GEN thing=CF 2p.GEN spear=CF
The English translation of this sentence is: `If you break (the spears) (while) doing your pig-hunting (lit: pig-spearing), that is your business, they are your spears.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Nominalized clauses, like other noun phrases, use the far deictic \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' as a determiner \REF{ex:5:x1842}, \REF{ex:5:x1843}.
A: word: nain=ko	 gloss: that1=NF
B: word: niena	 gloss: 2p.GEN
C: word: ma-i-kuan	 gloss: say-Np-FU.3p
D: word: yiena	 gloss: 1p.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 124:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Niena ___ mik-owa nain on-ami kuep-i-man, niena maa=ke, niena wiowa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): 2p.GEN ___ spear-NMZ that1 do-SS.SIM break-Np-PR.2p 2p.GEN thing=CF 2p.GEN spear=CF
The English translation of this sentence is: `If you break (the spears) (while) doing your pig-hunting (lit: pig-spearing), that is your business, they are your spears.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Nominalized clauses, like other noun phrases, use the far deictic \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' as a determiner \REF{ex:5:x1842}, \REF{ex:5:x1843}.
A: word: waaya	 gloss: pig
B: word: na-emi	 gloss: say-SS.SIM
C: word: waaya=ke	 gloss: pig=CF
D: word: ookowa	 gloss: follow-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 125:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Niena waaya ___ nain on-ami kuep-i-man, niena maa=ke, niena wiowa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): 2p.GEN pig ___ that1 do-SS.SIM break-Np-PR.2p 2p.GEN thing=CF 2p.GEN spear=CF
The English translation of this sentence is: `If you break (the spears) (while) doing your pig-hunting (lit: pig-spearing), that is your business, they are your spears.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Nominalized clauses, like other noun phrases, use the far deictic \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' as a determiner \REF{ex:5:x1842}, \REF{ex:5:x1843}.
A: word: mik-owa	 gloss: spear-NMZ
B: word: wapena	 gloss: hand
C: word: ik-em-ik-owa	 gloss: roast-SS.SIM-be-NMZ
D: word: amerika=ke	 gloss: America=CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 126:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Niena waaya mik-owa ___ on-ami kuep-i-man, niena maa=ke, niena wiowa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): 2p.GEN pig spear-NMZ ___ do-SS.SIM break-Np-PR.2p 2p.GEN thing=CF 2p.GEN spear=CF
The English translation of this sentence is: `If you break (the spears) (while) doing your pig-hunting (lit: pig-spearing), that is your business, they are your spears.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Nominalized clauses, like other noun phrases, use the far deictic \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `that' as a determiner \REF{ex:5:x1842}, \REF{ex:5:x1843}.
A: word: nain	 gloss: that1
B: word: nain=ko	 gloss: that1=NF
C: word: eefin	 gloss: that2
D: word: asip-iwkin	 gloss: help-2/3p.DS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 127:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dabe wiawi ___ ik-ep en-owa na-ep manin(a) koora iw-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): Dabe 3s/p.father ___ roast-SS.SEQ eat-NMZ say-SS.SEQ garden house go-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Dabe's father wanted to roast and eat food and went to the garden house.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: maake-miaw-i-yem	 gloss: tell-wander-NPS-PR.1s
B: word: asip-iwkin	 gloss: help-2/3p.DS
C: word: maa	 gloss: food
D: word: op-ap	 gloss: hold-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 128:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dabe wiawi maa ___ en-owa na-ep manin(a) koora iw-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): Dabe 3s/p.father food ___ eat-NMZ say-SS.SEQ garden house go-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Dabe's father wanted to roast and eat food and went to the garden house.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: uup-ep	 gloss: cook-SS.SEQ
B: word: amirika	 gloss: day
C: word: ik-ep	 gloss: roast-SS.SEQ
D: word: on-am-ik-e-mik	 gloss: make-SS.SIM-be-PA-1/3p
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 129:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dabe wiawi maa ik-ep ___ na-ep manin(a) koora iw-a-k.
Gloss (with missing item): Dabe 3s/p.father food roast-SS.SEQ ___ say-SS.SEQ garden house go-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is: `Dabe's father wanted to roast and eat food and went to the garden house.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: en-owa=ko	 gloss: eat-NMZ=NF
B: word: reen-owa=ke	 gloss: dry-NMZ=CF
C: word: wia	 gloss: 3p.ACC
D: word: en-owa	 gloss: eat-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 130:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Toiyan iiriw maak-ep-pu-a-mik, ___ yia aaw-ep Madang ikiw-owa nain.
Gloss (with missing item): Toiyan already tell-SS.SEQ-CMPL-PA-1/3p ___ 1p.ACC take-SS.SEQ Madang go-NMZ that1
The English translation of this sentence is: `We already told Toiyan about taking us in the morning and going to Madang.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: oposia	 gloss: meat
B: word: uuriw	 gloss: morning
C: word: uurika	 gloss: tomorrow
D: word: amirika	 gloss: day
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 131:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Toiyan iiriw maak-ep-pu-a-mik, uuriw ___ aaw-ep Madang ikiw-owa nain.
Gloss (with missing item): Toiyan already tell-SS.SEQ-CMPL-PA-1/3p morning ___ take-SS.SEQ Madang go-NMZ that1
The English translation of this sentence is: `We already told Toiyan about taking us in the morning and going to Madang.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: aka	 gloss: blood
B: word: ariwa	 gloss: arrow
C: word: yia	 gloss: 1p.ACC
D: word: yiar	 gloss: 1p.DAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 132:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Toiyan iiriw maak-ep-pu-a-mik, uuriw yia ___ Madang ikiw-owa nain.
Gloss (with missing item): Toiyan already tell-SS.SEQ-CMPL-PA-1/3p morning 1p.ACC ___ Madang go-NMZ that1
The English translation of this sentence is: `We already told Toiyan about taking us in the morning and going to Madang.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: aaw-e-m	 gloss: take-PA-1s
B: word: on-ap	 gloss: do-SS.SEQ
C: word: aaw-ep	 gloss: take-SS.SEQ
D: word: wia	 gloss: 3p.ACC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 133:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Toiyan iiriw maak-ep-pu-a-mik, uuriw yia aaw-ep ___ ikiw-owa nain.
Gloss (with missing item): Toiyan already tell-SS.SEQ-CMPL-PA-1/3p morning 1p.ACC take-SS.SEQ ___ go-NMZ that1
The English translation of this sentence is: `We already told Toiyan about taking us in the morning and going to Madang.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: madang	 gloss: Madang
B: word: maadara	 gloss: forehead.ornament
C: word: adek	 gloss: Adek
D: word: emeria	 gloss: woman
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 134:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Toiyan iiriw maak-ep-pu-a-mik, uuriw yia aaw-ep Madang ___ nain.
Gloss (with missing item): Toiyan already tell-SS.SEQ-CMPL-PA-1/3p morning 1p.ACC take-SS.SEQ Madang ___ that1
The English translation of this sentence is: `We already told Toiyan about taking us in the morning and going to Madang.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: An interesting structure, and not much described in Papuan languages, is one where a same-subject medial clause is in the scope of the nominalization. In Mauwake this tends to happen when the medial verb shares an object with the following verb and there is no, or very little, intervening material between the verbs \REF{ex:5:x1885}, \REF{ex:5:x1845}.
A: word: ikiw-owa=ke	 gloss: go-NMZ=CF
B: word: bom	 gloss: bomb
C: word: ikiw-owa	 gloss: go-NMZ
D: word: ika-i-ya=na	 gloss: be-Np-PR.3s=TP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 135:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ waisow mauw-ap neeke wafur-ap-pu-owa nain weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 3s.ISOL work-SS.SEQ there.CF throw-SS.SEQ-CMPL-NMZ that1 no
The English translation of this sentence is: `Working on the garden alone and leaving it there (=without proper rituals) is not (acceptable/customary).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the its gloss ___ alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big its gloss ___ without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: manina=pa	 gloss: garden=LOC
B: word: uruk-am-ika-iwkin	 gloss: drop-SS.SIM-be-2/3p.DS
C: word: manina	 gloss: garden
D: word: mik-owa	 gloss: shoot-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 136:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Manina ___ mauw-ap neeke wafur-ap-pu-owa nain weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): garden ___ work-SS.SEQ there.CF throw-SS.SEQ-CMPL-NMZ that1 no
The English translation of this sentence is: `Working on the garden alone and leaving it there (=without proper rituals) is not (acceptable/customary).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: waisow	 gloss: 3s.ISOL
B: word: ekina	 gloss: ekina
C: word: na-isow	 gloss: 2s.ISOL
D: word: naisow	 gloss: 2s.ISOL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 137:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Manina waisow ___ neeke wafur-ap-pu-owa nain weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): garden 3s.ISOL ___ there.CF throw-SS.SEQ-CMPL-NMZ that1 no
The English translation of this sentence is: `Working on the garden alone and leaving it there (=without proper rituals) is not (acceptable/customary).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: uup-owa	 gloss: cook-NMZ
B: word: mauw-ap	 gloss: work-SS.SEQ
C: word: mauw-am-ik-ok	 gloss: work-SS.SIM-be-SS
D: word: on-ap	 gloss: do-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 138:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Manina waisow mauw-ap ___ wafur-ap-pu-owa nain weetak.
Gloss (with missing item): garden 3s.ISOL work-SS.SEQ ___ throw-SS.SEQ-CMPL-NMZ that1 no
The English translation of this sentence is: `Working on the garden alone and leaving it there (=without proper rituals) is not (acceptable/customary).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Medial clauses preceding nominalized clauses do not automatically fall within the scope of the nominalization. Just looking at the linguistic form it would be possible to analyse the following examples so that the medial clause is outside the nominalization. In that case the free translation of \REF{ex:5:x1227} would be `Having worked on the garden alone it is not acceptable to leave it there', and \REF{ex:5:x1239} `Hold the planting stick and keep practising the making of planting holes'. But culturally these alternative interpretations are not valid. Even starting to work on a big garden without previous negotiations and proper rituals is not acceptable, and the holding of the planting stick and making planting holes form a cultural `expectancy chain' and belong together conceptually.
A: word: feeke	 gloss: here.CF
B: word: nain/nan/neeke	 gloss: that1/there/there.CF
C: word: aaw-ep	 gloss: take-SS.SEQ
D: word: neeke	 gloss: there.CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D