cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___
Gloss (with missing item): ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`(the act of) dancing', `(traditional) dance'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The process of nominalizing verbs is a straightforward and fully productive process of adding the nominalizing suffix -\textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{owa} to the verb stem. The nominalized verbs most commonly function as nouns \REF{ex:3:x62}--\REF{ex:3:x1231}, sometimes also as adjectives \REF{ex:3:x1247}.\footnote{In the Mauwake dictionary some of these nominalized forms have their own entry as if they were fully lexicalized as nouns, but this is to some extent a concession to other languages, where separate nouns may be required for the action nominals and more lexicalized deverbal nouns (for the distinction, see \citealt[193]{Ylikoski2003}). In Mauwake it is often difficult to establish which of the nominalizations are lexicalized.}
A: word: uf-owa	 gloss: dance-NMZ
B: word: muf-owa	 gloss: pull-NMZ
C: word: ikoka	 gloss: later
D: word: niir-owa	 gloss: play-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ opaimika aakun-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ talk talk-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`In the meeting we talked.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The process of nominalizing verbs is a straightforward and fully productive process of adding the nominalizing suffix -\textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{owa} to the verb stem. The nominalized verbs most commonly function as nouns \REF{ex:3:x62}--\REF{ex:3:x1231}, sometimes also as adjectives \REF{ex:3:x1247}.\footnote{In the Mauwake dictionary some of these nominalized forms have their own entry as if they were fully lexicalized as nouns, but this is to some extent a concession to other languages, where separate nouns may be required for the action nominals and more lexicalized deverbal nouns (for the distinction, see \citealt[193]{Ylikoski2003}). In Mauwake it is often difficult to establish which of the nominalizations are lexicalized.}
A: word: lolom	 gloss: mud
B: word: fiirim-owa=pa	 gloss: gather-NMZ=LOC
C: word: kookal-owa=pa	 gloss: like-NMZ=LOC
D: word: samor-eka	 gloss: bad-IMP.2p
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Amina ___ eliw(a) marewa=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): pot ___ good none=CF
The English translation of this sentence is:`The pot is broken (and) not good' or: `The broken pot is not good.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The process of nominalizing verbs is a straightforward and fully productive process of adding the nominalizing suffix -\textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{owa} to the verb stem. The nominalized verbs most commonly function as nouns \REF{ex:3:x62}--\REF{ex:3:x1231}, sometimes also as adjectives \REF{ex:3:x1247}.\footnote{In the Mauwake dictionary some of these nominalized forms have their own entry as if they were fully lexicalized as nouns, but this is to some extent a concession to other languages, where separate nouns may be required for the action nominals and more lexicalized deverbal nouns (for the distinction, see \citealt[193]{Ylikoski2003}). In Mauwake it is often difficult to establish which of the nominalizations are lexicalized.}
A: word: umuk-owa	 gloss: extinguish-NMZ
B: word: onak	 gloss: 3s/p.mother
C: word: puk-owa	 gloss: break-NMZ
D: word: eefeke	 gloss: there2.CF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 41:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Siowa ___ miim-ap ekap-o-k.
Gloss (with missing item): dog ___ hear-SS.SEQ come-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`He heard the dog's noise and came' or: `The dog heard noise and came.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Action nominals function like any regular nouns in Mauwake. They can be, for example, a head \REF{ex:3:x64} or a qualifier \REF{ex:3:x65} in a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np}, and a first \REF{ex:3:x66} or last element \REF{ex:3:x67} in a compound noun.
A: word: on-owa	 gloss: make-NMZ
B: word: wu-owa	 gloss: put-NMZ
C: word: war-iwkin	 gloss: shoot-2/3p.DS
D: word: alu-owa	 gloss: make.noise-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 42:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Oram ___ opora ma-e-m.
Gloss (with missing item): just ___ talk say-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`I just said it as a joke.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Action nominals function like any regular nouns in Mauwake. They can be, for example, a head \REF{ex:3:x64} or a qualifier \REF{ex:3:x65} in a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np}, and a first \REF{ex:3:x66} or last element \REF{ex:3:x67} in a compound noun.
A: word: eefin	 gloss: that2
B: word: niir-owa	 gloss: play-NMZ
C: word: ekap-owa	 gloss: come-NMZ
D: word: niir-ow(a)	 gloss: laugh-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 43:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Kaul ___ mera aaw-owa eliw.
Gloss (with missing item): hook ___ fish get-NMZ all.right
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for throwing a hook, it is a good way of catching fish.' (Lit: `Hook-throwing is all right for fish-catching.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Action nominals function like any regular nouns in Mauwake. They can be, for example, a head \REF{ex:3:x64} or a qualifier \REF{ex:3:x65} in a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np}, and a first \REF{ex:3:x66} or last element \REF{ex:3:x67} in a compound noun.
A: word: mik-owa	 gloss: shoot-NMZ
B: word: ewur	 gloss: quickly
C: word: wafur-owa	 gloss: throw-NMZ
D: word: wafur-om-i-kuan	 gloss: throw-BEN-Np-FU.3p
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Kaul wafur-owa mera ___ eliw.
Gloss (with missing item): hook throw-NMZ fish ___ all.right
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for throwing a hook, it is a good way of catching fish.' (Lit: `Hook-throwing is all right for fish-catching.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Action nominals function like any regular nouns in Mauwake. They can be, for example, a head \REF{ex:3:x64} or a qualifier \REF{ex:3:x65} in a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np}, and a first \REF{ex:3:x66} or last element \REF{ex:3:x67} in a compound noun.
A: word: aaw-owen=i	 gloss: get-FU.2p=QM
B: word: asip-owa	 gloss: help-NMZ
C: word: maa	 gloss: thing/food
D: word: aaw-owa	 gloss: get-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mua ___
Gloss (with missing item): man ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`talk(ing) of man/people', `people's talk'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following expressions form an interesting pair, as \REF{ex:3:x424} is a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np} with a nominalized verb as its head, and \REF{ex:3:x425} is a compound noun with a nominalized verb as the first part.
A: word: yena	 gloss: 1s.GEN
B: word: aakun-owa	 gloss: talk-NMZ
C: word: paayar-owa	 gloss: understand-NMZ
D: word: aakun-ow(a)	 gloss: talk-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ mua
Gloss (with missing item): ___ man
The English translation of this sentence is:`a talker', `a spokesman'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The following expressions form an interesting pair, as \REF{ex:3:x424} is a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np} with a nominalized verb as its head, and \REF{ex:3:x425} is a compound noun with a nominalized verb as the first part.
A: word: aakun-owa	 gloss: talk-NMZ
B: word: ewur	 gloss: quickly
C: word: paayar-owa	 gloss: understand-NMZ
D: word: aakun-ow(a)	 gloss: talk-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ikemika ___ mua
Gloss (with missing item): wound ___ man
The English translation of this sentence is:`doctor, nurse'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet[334--342]{ComrieEtAl2007} list various kinds of other nominalization possibilities,\footnote{\citet[500]{Givon1990} calls all of these lexical nominalizations, and Ylikoski calls them deverbal nouns (\citeyear[193]{Ylikoski2003}) to distinguish them from action nominals.} but in Mauwake the corresponding expressions are compound nouns or noun phrases consisting of the nominalized verb (or clause) plus another noun \REF{ex:3:x1232}, \REF{ex:3:x1233}, rather than simple nominalizations.
A: word: kaik-ow(a)	 gloss: tie-NMZ
B: word: asip-owa	 gloss: help-NMZ
C: word: nain=ko	 gloss: that1=NF
D: word: irak-ow(a)	 gloss: fight-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): maa eneka ___ (maa){\upshape\footnotemark{}}
Gloss (with missing item): thing tooth ___ (thing)
The English translation of this sentence is:`can opener'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \citet[334--342]{ComrieEtAl2007} list various kinds of other nominalization possibilities,\footnote{\citet[500]{Givon1990} calls all of these lexical nominalizations, and Ylikoski calls them deverbal nouns (\citeyear[193]{Ylikoski2003}) to distinguish them from action nominals.} but in Mauwake the corresponding expressions are compound nouns or noun phrases consisting of the nominalized verb (or clause) plus another noun \REF{ex:3:x1232}, \REF{ex:3:x1233}, rather than simple nominalizations.
A: word: karu-owa	 gloss: run-NMZ
B: word: irak-ow(a)	 gloss: fight-NMZ
C: word: niam	 gloss: 2p.REFL
D: word: teek-ow(a)	 gloss: open-NMZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Dabuel ___ nain=iw biiris on-am-ik-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): pawpaw ___ that1=INST bridge make-SS.SIM-be-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`They kept making the bridge with pawpaw trunks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplication of nouns to denote plurality is a very marginal process in Mauwake \REF{ex:3:x68}--\REF{ex:3:x426}, whereas reduplication of verbs (\sectref{sec:3.8.2.4.1}) is much more frequent, and that of adjectives (\sectref{sec:3.3}) also more common. Usually the whole noun is reduplicated; final <a> is deleted in the reduplicated part of words that are longer than two syllables \REF{ex:3:x426}.
A: word: en-em-ik-omkun	 gloss: eat-SS.SIM-be-1s/p.DS
B: word: ipoka	 gloss: stomach
C: word: gele-gelemuti-tik	 gloss: RDP-small-RDP
D: word: poka-poka	 gloss: RDP-trunk
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ikiw-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ go-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`We went to several villages.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplication of nouns to denote plurality is a very marginal process in Mauwake \REF{ex:3:x68}--\REF{ex:3:x426}, whereas reduplication of verbs (\sectref{sec:3.8.2.4.1}) is much more frequent, and that of adjectives (\sectref{sec:3.3}) also more common. Usually the whole noun is reduplicated; final <a> is deleted in the reduplicated part of words that are longer than two syllables \REF{ex:3:x426}.
A: word: owow-owowa	 gloss: RDP-village
B: word: owow	 gloss: village
C: word: iperowa	 gloss: older
D: word: owowa=pa=ko	 gloss: village=LOC=NF
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ikiw-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ go-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`We went to several villages.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Reduplication of nouns to denote plurality is a very marginal process in Mauwake \REF{ex:3:x68}--\REF{ex:3:x426}, whereas reduplication of verbs (\sectref{sec:3.8.2.4.1}) is much more frequent, and that of adjectives (\sectref{sec:3.3}) also more common. Usually the whole noun is reduplicated; final <a> is deleted in the reduplicated part of words that are longer than two syllables \REF{ex:3:x426}.
A: word: wuailal-ep	 gloss: be.hungry-SS.SEQ
B: word: owowa=pa=ko	 gloss: village=LOC=NF
C: word: owow	 gloss: village
D: word: owow-owowa	 gloss: RDP-village
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Nomokowa ___ war-e-k.
Gloss (with missing item): tree ___ cut-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`He cut a tall tree.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A prototypical adjective functions as the head of an adjective phrase\footnote{Often the head is the sole constituent of the adjective phrase.} (\sectref{sec:4.2}) \REF{ex:3:x70}, \REF{ex:3:x71}, and may be modified by different intensity adverbs (\sectref{sec:3.9.2}), including the pre-modifier \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{lawisiw} `rather' \REF{ex:3:x72} and various post-modifiers \REF{ex:3:x73}.
A: word: ik-ek-a-k=na	 gloss: be-CNTF-PA-3s=TP
B: word: maake-miaw-i-yem	 gloss: tell-wander-NPS-PR.1s
C: word: epasia	 gloss: far
D: word: maala	 gloss: long
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Waaya me ___ muuka, kia gelemuta.
Gloss (with missing item): pig not ___ son white small
The English translation of this sentence is:`The pig was not big, it was a piglet, white (and) small.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A prototypical adjective functions as the head of an adjective phrase\footnote{Often the head is the sole constituent of the adjective phrase.} (\sectref{sec:4.2}) \REF{ex:3:x70}, \REF{ex:3:x71}, and may be modified by different intensity adverbs (\sectref{sec:3.9.2}), including the pre-modifier \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{lawisiw} `rather' \REF{ex:3:x72} and various post-modifiers \REF{ex:3:x73}.
A: word: maneka=ke	 gloss: big=CF
B: word: maneka/gelemuta	 gloss: big/little
C: word: maneka	 gloss: big
D: word: puuk-ap	 gloss: cut-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Waaya me maneka, muuka, ___ gelemuta.
Gloss (with missing item): pig not big son ___ small
The English translation of this sentence is:`The pig was not big, it was a piglet, white (and) small.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A prototypical adjective functions as the head of an adjective phrase\footnote{Often the head is the sole constituent of the adjective phrase.} (\sectref{sec:4.2}) \REF{ex:3:x70}, \REF{ex:3:x71}, and may be modified by different intensity adverbs (\sectref{sec:3.9.2}), including the pre-modifier \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{lawisiw} `rather' \REF{ex:3:x72} and various post-modifiers \REF{ex:3:x73}.
A: word: akia	 gloss: banana
B: word: kia	 gloss: white
C: word: a''	 gloss: ah
D: word: or-op	 gloss: go-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Malol ___ yoowa.
Gloss (with missing item): open.sea ___ hard
The English translation of this sentence is:`(Fishing in the) open sea is rather hard.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A prototypical adjective functions as the head of an adjective phrase\footnote{Often the head is the sole constituent of the adjective phrase.} (\sectref{sec:4.2}) \REF{ex:3:x70}, \REF{ex:3:x71}, and may be modified by different intensity adverbs (\sectref{sec:3.9.2}), including the pre-modifier \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___' \REF{ex:3:x72} and various post-modifiers \REF{ex:3:x73}.
A: word: lawiliw	 gloss: nearly
B: word: wailal-ep	 gloss: be.hungry-SS.SEQ
C: word: lawisiw	 gloss: rather
D: word: gone=pa	 gloss: middle=LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C