cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 279:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ niam kookal-eka.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2p.REFL like-IMP.2p
The English translation of this sentence is:`Like/love yourselves.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many contexts only the reflexive or the reciprocal interpretation is natural. But a potential ambiguity in some contexts is resolved by adding a genitive pronoun to mark the reflexive \REF{ex:3:x614} and an unmarked or restrictive pronoun to mark the reciprocal pronoun \REF{ex:3:x613}.
A: word: yiena	 gloss: 1p.GEN
B: word: iimar-ep	 gloss: stand.up-SS.SEQ
C: word: niena	 gloss: 2p.GEN
D: word: or-op	 gloss: go-SS.SEQ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 280:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Niena ___ kookal-eka.
Gloss (with missing item): 2p.GEN ___ like-IMP.2p
The English translation of this sentence is:`Like/love yourselves.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many contexts only the reflexive or the reciprocal interpretation is natural. But a potential ambiguity in some contexts is resolved by adding a genitive pronoun to mark the reflexive \REF{ex:3:x614} and an unmarked or restrictive pronoun to mark the reciprocal pronoun \REF{ex:3:x613}.
A: word: niam=iya	 gloss: 2p.REFL=COM
B: word: yiam	 gloss: 1p.REFL
C: word: efa	 gloss: 2s.ACC
D: word: niam	 gloss: 2p.REFL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 281:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ niam kookal-eka.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2p.REFL like-IMP.2p
The English translation of this sentence is:`Like/love each other.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many contexts only the reflexive or the reciprocal interpretation is natural. But a potential ambiguity in some contexts is resolved by adding a genitive pronoun to mark the reflexive \REF{ex:3:x614} and an unmarked or restrictive pronoun to mark the reciprocal pronoun \REF{ex:3:x613}.
A: word: samo-samora	 gloss: RDP-bad
B: word: ni/nieniw	 gloss: 2p.UNM/2p.LIM
C: word: wis	 gloss: 3p.UNM
D: word: niena	 gloss: 2p.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 282:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ni/nieniw ___ kookal-eka.
Gloss (with missing item): 2p.UNM/2p.LIM ___ like-IMP.2p
The English translation of this sentence is:`Like/love each other.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In many contexts only the reflexive or the reciprocal interpretation is natural. But a potential ambiguity in some contexts is resolved by adding a genitive pronoun to mark the reflexive \REF{ex:3:x614} and an unmarked or restrictive pronoun to mark the reciprocal pronoun \REF{ex:3:x613}.
A: word: niam=iya	 gloss: 2p.REFL=COM
B: word: yiam	 gloss: 1p.REFL
C: word: waisow	 gloss: 3s.ISOL
D: word: niam	 gloss: 2p.REFL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 283:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Merena ___ puuk-a-m.
Gloss (with missing item): leg ___ cut-PA-1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`I cut my leg.' (Or: `I cut myself in the leg.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: But a reflexive pronoun is used especially in expressions involving \textstyleParagraphChari{body parts} when one does something to oneself, and the instrument is not known or mentioned \REF{ex:3:x618}. In corresponding expressions English often uses possessive rather than reflexive pronouns.
A: word: amerika	 gloss: America
B: word: ififa	 gloss: dry
C: word: wame	 gloss: 3s.REFL
D: word: yame	 gloss: 1s.REFL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 284:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ arow nain miim-ap soran-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ three that1 hear-SS.SEQ be.startled-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`The three of us heard that and were startled.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The plural forms of the reflexive pronouns have another, quite different use: when they are followed by numerals, especially by `two' or `three', they function as dual/trial etc. forms for the personal pronouns. They are considered to be in the nominative case when not followed by other pronoun forms \REF{ex:3:x615}. Other cases need to be shown by appropriate additional pronouns \REF{ex:3:x616}.
A: word: yiam=iya	 gloss: 1p.REFL=COM
B: word: yiam	 gloss: 1p.REFL
C: word: niam	 gloss: 2p.REFL
D: word: eenap	 gloss: thus3
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 285:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yiam ___ nain miim-ap soran-e-mik.
Gloss (with missing item): 1p.REFL ___ that1 hear-SS.SEQ be.startled-PA-1/3p
The English translation of this sentence is:`The three of us heard that and were startled.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The plural forms of the reflexive pronouns have another, quite different use: when they are followed by numerals, especially by `two' or `its gloss ___', they function as dual/trial etc. forms for the personal pronouns. They are considered to be in the nominative case when not followed by other pronoun forms \REF{ex:3:x615}. Other cases need to be shown by appropriate additional pronouns \REF{ex:3:x616}.
A: word: erepam	 gloss: four
B: word: wadola	 gloss: lie/false
C: word: arow	 gloss: three
D: word: arow=i	 gloss: three=QM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 286:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ muuka kookal-ep yena samapora wia maak-i-nen.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ son like-SS.SEQ 1s.GEN clan 3p.ACC tell-Np-FU.1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`When I like to have a son/child I will tell my clan.' (Or: `When one wants a child he will tell his own clan.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Mauwake both the first and second person singular forms as well as the third person plural marking on verbs can be used for non-specific, or generic, reference. They occur particularly in explanations of customs or general principles, and in examples. The sentences are usually in the future tense and therefore hypothetical. In these texts the second person singular pronoun and the third person verb marking can alternate quite freely. Example \REF{ex:3:x621} is from a text describing the adoption process in general, and example \REF{ex:3:x622} was said to a person who does not even have a spirit name to call upon, nor does know how to spear pigs. Here the pronouns have acquired a non-deictic role: their correct interpretation does not depend on the non-linguistic context \citep[260]{AndersonEtAl1985}%Keenan
A: word: marewa=ke=yon	 gloss: none=CF-perhaps
B: word: ten	 gloss: ten
C: word: (yo/i)	 gloss: 1s/1p.UNM
D: word: yo	 gloss: 1s.UNM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 287:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yo muuka kookal-ep ___ samapora wia maak-i-nen.
Gloss (with missing item): 1s.UNM son like-SS.SEQ ___ clan 3p.ACC tell-Np-FU.1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`When I like to have a son/child I will tell my clan.' (Or: `When one wants a child he will tell his own clan.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Mauwake both the first and second person singular forms as well as the third person plural marking on verbs can be used for non-specific, or generic, reference. They occur particularly in explanations of customs or general principles, and in examples. The sentences are usually in the future tense and therefore hypothetical. In these texts the second person singular pronoun and the third person verb marking can alternate quite freely. Example \REF{ex:3:x621} is from a text describing the adoption process in general, and example \REF{ex:3:x622} was said to a person who does not even have a spirit name to call upon, nor does know how to spear pigs. Here the pronouns have acquired a non-deictic role: their correct interpretation does not depend on the non-linguistic context \citep[260]{AndersonEtAl1985}%Keenan
A: word: nena	 gloss: 2s.GEN
B: word: yena	 gloss: 1s.GEN
C: word: marasin=ke	 gloss: poison=CF
D: word: yo/yena	 gloss: 1s.UNM/1s.GEN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 288:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ waaya mik-ap inasina unuma me unuf-i-nan=na mua oko=ke nainiw mik-ap nefar aaw-i-non.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ pig spear-SS.SEQ spirit name not call-Np-FU.2s=TP man other=CF again spear-SS.SEQ 2s.DAT take-Np-FU.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`If you spear a pig and don't call your spirit name, another man will spear it again and take it from you.' (Or: `If one spears a pig{\dots}')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Mauwake both the first and second person singular forms as well as the third person plural marking on verbs can be used for the morpheme ___n-specific, or generic, reference. They occur particularly in explanations of customs or general principles, and in examples. The sentences are usually in the future tense and therefore hypothetical. In these texts the second person singular prothe morpheme ___un and the third person verb marking can alternate quite freely. Example \REF{ex:3:x621} is from a text describing the adoption process in general, and example \REF{ex:3:x622} was said to a person who does the morpheme ___t even have a spirit name to call upon, the morpheme ___r does kthe morpheme ___w how to spear pigs. Here the prothe morpheme ___uns have acquired a the morpheme ___n-deictic role: their correct interpretation does the morpheme ___t depend on the the morpheme ___n-linguistic context \citep[260]{AndersonEtAl1985}%Keenan
A: word: aaw-eya	 gloss: take-2/3s.DS
B: word: no	 gloss: 2s.UNM
C: word: unowiya	 gloss: all
D: word: nia	 gloss: 2p.ACC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 289:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): No waaya mik-ap inasina unuma me unuf-i-nan=na mua oko=ke nainiw mik-ap ___ aaw-i-non.
Gloss (with missing item): 2s.UNM pig spear-SS.SEQ spirit name not call-Np-FU.2s=TP man other=CF again spear-SS.SEQ ___ take-Np-FU.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`If you spear a pig and don't call your spirit name, another man will spear it again and take it from you.' (Or: `If one spears a pig{\dots}')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In Mauwake both the first and second person singular forms as well as the third person plural marking on verbs can be used for non-specific, or generic, reference. They occur particularly in explanations of customs or general principles, and in examples. The sentences are usually in the future tense and therefore hypothetical. In these texts the second person singular pronoun and the third person verb marking can alternate quite freely. Example \REF{ex:3:x621} is from a text describing the adoption process in general, and example \REF{ex:3:x622} was said to a person who does not even have a spirit name to call upon, nor does know how to spear pigs. Here the pronouns have acquired a non-deictic role: their correct interpretation does not depend on the non-linguistic context \citep[260]{AndersonEtAl1985}%Keenan
A: word: efar	 gloss: 1s.DAT
B: word: uruf-a-n	 gloss: see-PA-2s
C: word: nefar	 gloss: 2s.DAT
D: word: ikos	 gloss: with
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 290:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ifa nain=ke ___ keraw-i-ya.
Gloss (with missing item): snake that1=CF ___ bite-Np-PR.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`That snake bites.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When a maximally generic object is needed for a transitive verb, or when there is no overt object available, the first person plural accusative form is used \REF{ex:3:x623}, \REF{ex:3:x624}.
A: word: wiim-om-owa	 gloss: escort-BEN-NMZ
B: word: yia	 gloss: 1p.ACC
C: word: tiil	 gloss: on.edge
D: word: yiar	 gloss: 1p.DAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 291:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Marasin fain ___ girin-i-ya.
Gloss (with missing item): medicine this ___ smart-Np-PR.3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`This medicine smarts.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When a maximally generic object is needed for a transitive verb, or when there is no overt object available, the first person plural accusative form is used \REF{ex:3:x623}, \REF{ex:3:x624}.
A: word: maak-eya	 gloss: tell-2/3s.DS
B: word: yia	 gloss: 1p.ACC
C: word: yiar	 gloss: 1p.DAT
D: word: miim-a-k	 gloss: hear-PA-3s
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 292:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Eema=ke waisow amis-ar-e-k. ___ uuriw urup-emi{\dots}
Gloss (with missing item): Eema=CF 3s.ISOL knowledge-INCH-PA-3s ___ morning rise-SS.SIM
The English translation of this sentence is:`Only Eema knew. She got up in the morning and {\dots}'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A pronoun may be used for the second mention of a newly established topic (\sectref{sec:9.2.2}). In particular when an important participant has been introduced by a proper name, in the next sentence (s)he can be referred to by a personal pronoun \REF{ex:3:x1867}.
A: word: os=ke	 gloss: 3s.FC=CF
B: word: wis=ke	 gloss: 3p.FC=CF
C: word: nos=ke	 gloss: 2s.FC=CF
D: word: iinan=pa	 gloss: on.top=LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 293:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): koora maneka arow ___
Gloss (with missing item): house big three ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`those three big houses'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The numeral modifiers are positioned between an adjective and a demonstrative in a \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np} \REF{ex:3:x631}, but never between two adjectives \REF{ex:3:x632}.
A: word: eefin	 gloss: that2
B: word: nain=ko	 gloss: that1=NF
C: word: nos=na	 gloss: 2s.FC=TP
D: word: nain	 gloss: that1
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 294:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): No{\upshape\footnotemark} ___ me nena niawi akena=ke.
Gloss (with missing item): 2s.UNM ___ not 2s.GEN 2s/p.father true=CF
The English translation of this sentence is:`This is not your true father.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is a clear distinction in Mauwake between human and non-human reference, which shows in the choice of a pronoun vs. a demonstrative. A third person pronoun is not used for non-humans, whereas demonstratives in isolation\footnote{Demonstratives are common as modifiers of \textstyleAcronymallcaps{np}s referring to humans.} are normally only used for non-humans. The only exception in my data is example \REF{ex:3:x633}; \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' would not be acceptable even here.
A: word: fain=iw	 gloss: this=INST
B: word: feenap	 gloss: like.this
C: word: eefenap	 gloss: thus2
D: word: fain	 gloss: this
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 295:
You are a linguist specializing in Mauwake. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ema ___ fikera=ke aw-o-k, aria eefin fikera=ke me aw-o-k.
Gloss (with missing item): mountain ___ kunai.grass=CF burn-PA-3s, alright that2 kunai.grass=CF not burn-PA-3s
The English translation of this sentence is:`The kunai grass on that mountain (far away, invisible) burned, but the grass on this/that one (somewhat closer) did not burn.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Apart from the proximal demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{fain} `this', the other demonstratives are not mutually exclusive. The distal-1 demonstrative \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{nain} `that' is the least restricted of the three, and it is extremely frequent, whereas both \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{eefin} `this/that' and \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} `that' are very rarely used. In \REF{ex:3:x1749} the distances of the two mountains fit the specifications for \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{eefin} and \textstyleStyleVernacularWordsItalic{the morpheme ___} , and more than one distal demonstrative is needed for contrastive purposes:
A: word: eenin	 gloss: that3
B: word: niarik	 gloss: 2p.DAT
C: word: manin	 gloss: garden
D: word: eefin	 gloss: that2
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A