cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ emoth fam w\stem{rä}r ane=ma ya\stem{trik}wr nafan.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ girl thought STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/do DEM=CHAR STSG:SBJ>TSG.MASC:IO:NONPAST:IPFV/tell TSG.DAT.
The English translation of this sentence is:`He thinks of that girl and he tells him about her.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This is a general feature of light verbs. They require a \isi{nominal} element which functions predicatively. Hence, we find predicative \isi{nominal}s in both intransitive (\ref{ex590}) and \isi{transitive} structures (\ref{ex591}). In these examples, the predicative \isi{nominal} was the noun fam, but very often property nouns are used for this function, especially property nouns with more event-oriented semantics. In example (\ref{ex592}), the speaker remarks that his dogs have disappeared. The meaning of disappearing is expressed by the \isi{property noun} ofe `absent/absence'.
A: word: zane=me	 gloss: DEM:PROX=INS
B: word: nar-si=r	 gloss: press.down-NMLZ=PURP
C: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
D: word: nafane	 gloss: TSG.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fi kafar mane e\stem{rä}ra näbi ane ___ ŋa\stem{rä}rath..
Gloss (with missing item): but big which STPL:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be one DEM ___ STPL:SBJ:PST:IPFV/do.
The English translation of this sentence is:`But the big (dogs), they disappeared for good.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This is a general feature of light verbs. They require a \isi{nominal} element which functions predicatively. Hence, we find predicative \isi{nominal}s in both intransitive (\ref{ex590}) and \isi{transitive} structures (\ref{ex591}). In these examples, the predicative \isi{nominal} was the noun fam, but very often property nouns are used for this function, especially property nouns with more event-oriented semantics. In example (\ref{ex592}), the speaker remarks that his dogs have disappeared. The meaning of disappearing is expressed by the \isi{property noun} the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___/absence'.
A: word: fof	 gloss: EMPH
B: word: garamgaram	 gloss: sweet.talk
C: word: ofe	 gloss: absent
D: word: miyamr	 gloss: ignorance
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati fi zena nge=mär ... ___ z zä\stem{kor}.
Gloss (with missing item): then Third.ABS today child=PRIV ... ___ IAM SG:SBJ:Rpst:PFV/become.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Well, today she has become already old without (having) children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{light verb} ko- `become' shows similar behaviour. It can appear with \isi{nominal}s as in (\ref{ex593}) with the adjective the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___'. But often `become' occurs with property nouns which function predicatively. In (\ref{ex594}), the \isi{property noun} wefwef `excited/excitement' contributes most of the meaning of the event.
A: word: kafar	 gloss: big
B: word: k-kafar	 gloss: REDUP-big
C: word: yafsinzake	 gloss: FPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:IO:PST:IPFV/count
D: word: kafar=nzo	 gloss: big=ONLY
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): daddy skri bun ane fof \stem{yé} be ane sa\stem{wob} watik skri ane ___ krä\stem{kor}.
Gloss (with missing item): father skri SSG.DAT DEM EMPH TSG.MASC:NONPAST:IPFV/be SSG.ERG DEM SSG:SBJ>TSG.MASC:IMP:PFV/eat then skri DEM ___ STSG:SBJ:IRR:PFV/become.
The English translation of this sentence is:```Daddy Skri, this one is for you. You eat this one!'' Well, Skri got excited.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{light verb} ko- `become' shows similar behaviour. It can appear with \isi{nominal}s as in (\ref{ex593}) with the adjective kafar `big'. But often `become' occurs with property nouns which function predicatively. In (\ref{ex594}), the \isi{property noun} wefwef `excited/excitement' contributes most of the meaning of the event.
A: word: yr-si=f=nzo	 gloss: weave-NMLZ=ERG=ONLY
B: word: wefwef=nzo	 gloss: excited=ONLY
C: word: wth=f	 gloss: faeces=ERG
D: word: namä=nzo	 gloss: good=ONLY
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fof n\stem{rä} ___ kä\stem{kor} bu-ŋame za\stem{kiyar}.
Gloss (with missing item): EMPH SSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ SSG:SBJ:IMP:PFV/become SSG.POSS-mother SSG:SBJ>TSG.F:IMP:PFV/copulate.
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is you! You feel it now! Fuck your mother!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{light verb} `become' together with the \isi{property noun} the morpheme ___ `knowledge' is used to express coming into the state of knowing something, literally `become knowledge(able)'. In example (\ref{ex595}) a man, who fell off a coconut palm in an attempt to steal palm wine, is badly insulted. The imperative the morpheme ___ käkor can be translated as both `you know it!' or `you feel it!'.
A: word: miyatha	 gloss: knowledgeable
B: word: miyamr	 gloss: ignorance
C: word: nzä	 gloss: FSG.ABS
D: word: bone	 gloss: SSG.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nä kayé ... ___ w\stem{ko}nzath oh budben mni \stem{rä} fof.
Gloss (with missing item): INDF yesterday ... ___ STPL:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:PST:IPFV/become oh SSG.LOC fire TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`One day ... they found out about her. ``Oh, so the fire is really with you.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex596}) is about the tütü bird (Pheasant Coucal), who used to be the custodian of fire before people knew about it. In the example, they find out about the bird's secret. Note that the \isi{light verb} `become' indexes the tütü bird (\Tsg.\F). Thus, the predicative nominal the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in the \isi{light verb} construction can be used with an intransitive (\ref{ex595}) or transitive sense (\ref{ex596}).
A: word: miyatha	 gloss: knowledgeable
B: word: bäi=n	 gloss: bäi=DAT.SG
C: word: efäefä	 gloss: aisle
D: word: miyamr	 gloss: ignorance
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fof n\stem{rä} ___ kä\stem{kor} bu-ŋame za\stem{kiyar}.
Gloss (with missing item): EMPH SSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ SSG:SBJ:IMP:PFV/become SSG.POSS-mother SSG:SBJ>TSG.F:IMP:PFV/copulate.
The English translation of this sentence is:`It is you! You feel it now! Fuck your mother!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex596}) is about the tütü bird (Pheasant Coucal), who used to be the custodian of fire before people knew about it. In the example, they find out about the bird's secret. Note that the \isi{light verb} `become' indexes the tütü bird (\Tsg.\F). Thus, the predicative nominal the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in the \isi{light verb} construction can be used with an intransitive (\ref{ex595}) or transitive sense (\ref{ex596}).
A: word: frfr=é	 gloss: shiver=ERG.NSG
B: word: ŋazi=karä	 gloss: coconut=PROP
C: word: miyamr	 gloss: ignorance
D: word: miyatha	 gloss: knowledgeable
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nä kayé ... ___ w\stem{ko}nzath oh budben mni \stem{rä} fof.
Gloss (with missing item): INDF yesterday ... ___ STPL:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:PST:IPFV/become oh SSG.LOC fire TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`One day ... they found out about her. ``Oh, so the fire is really with you.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex596}) is about the tütü bird (Pheasant Coucal), who used to be the custodian of fire before people knew about it. In the example, they find out about the bird's secret. Note that the \isi{light verb} `become' indexes the tütü bird (\Tsg.\F). Thus, the predicative nominal the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' in the \isi{light verb} construction can be used with an intransitive (\ref{ex595}) or transitive sense (\ref{ex596}).
A: word: miyamr	 gloss: ignorance
B: word: miyatha	 gloss: knowledgeable
C: word: mogu	 gloss: concentration
D: word: bada	 gloss: ancestor
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nzä nima bone zrin \stem{rä} bone nagay=f ___ zrin zwa\stem{fiyok}wr keke kwa mon=me durua ŋa\stem{fiyok}wre.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ABS Quot SSG.POSS problem TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be SSG.POSS child=ERG.SG ___ problem STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:Rpst:IPFV/make NEG FUT how=INS help FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/make.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I said: ``This is your problem. Your child has created this problem. We will not help.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb fiyoksi `make' can occur as a prototypical \isi{transitive} verb without the ``semantic assistance'' of a predicative nominal. However, it commonly occurs as a \isi{light verb}. In example (\ref{ex597}), we find two occurences of fiyoksi. The first token indexes zrin `problem, burden' (\Tsg.\F) as its object argument, and fiyoksi can be translated as `create'. The second token of fiyoksi indexes the subject. In the latter, the predicative nominal durua `help' contributes most of the semantic content of the predicate.
A: word: ane=me	 gloss: DEM=INS
B: word: ŋare=ane	 gloss: woman=POSS.SG
C: word: ttw	 gloss: inertia
D: word: ane	 gloss: DEM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nzä nima bone zrin \stem{rä} bone nagay=f ane ___ zwa\stem{fiyok}wr keke kwa mon=me durua ŋa\stem{fiyok}wre.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ABS Quot SSG.POSS problem TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be SSG.POSS child=ERG.SG DEM ___ STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:Rpst:IPFV/make NEG FUT how=INS help FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/make.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I said: ``This is your problem. Your child has created this problem. We will not help.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb fiyoksi `make' can occur as a prototypical \isi{transitive} verb without the ``semantic assistance'' of a predicative nominal. However, it commonly occurs as a \isi{light verb}. In example (\ref{ex597}), we find two occurences of fiyoksi. The first token indexes the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___, burden' (\Tsg.\F) as its object argument, and fiyoksi can be translated as `create'. The second token of fiyoksi indexes the subject. In the latter, the predicative nominal durua `help' contributes most of the semantic content of the predicate.
A: word: durua	 gloss: help
B: word: zrin=fa	 gloss: problem=ABL
C: word: thkar=f	 gloss: hardness=ERG
D: word: zrin	 gloss: problem
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nzä nima bone zrin \stem{rä} bone nagay=f ane zrin zwa\stem{fiyok}wr keke kwa mon=me ___ ŋa\stem{fiyok}wre.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ABS Quot SSG.POSS problem TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be SSG.POSS child=ERG.SG DEM problem STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:Rpst:IPFV/make NEG FUT how=INS ___ FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/make.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I said: ``This is your problem. Your child has created this problem. We will not help.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The verb fiyoksi `make' can occur as a prototypical \isi{transitive} verb without the ``semantic assistance'' of a predicative nominal. However, it commonly occurs as a \isi{light verb}. In example (\ref{ex597}), we find two occurences of fiyoksi. The first token indexes zrin `problem, burden' (\Tsg.\F) as its object argument, and fiyoksi can be translated as `create'. The second token of fiyoksi indexes the subject. In the latter, the predicative nominal the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' contributes most of the semantic content of the predicate.
A: word: ruga	 gloss: pig
B: word: durua	 gloss: help
C: word: mon	 gloss: how
D: word: maik-si	 gloss: wash-NMLZ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ___ zä zf swa\stem{fiyok}wrmth.
Gloss (with missing item): then ___ PROX IMM STPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:PST:DUR/make.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, they were annoying him here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Analogous to the other light verbs, fiyoksi can be used in a \isi{transitive} structure. In example (\ref{ex598}), an infamous sorcerer is annoyed by a few other men. The main semantic contribution to the event comes from the \isi{property noun} the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___', while the \isi{object} indexed in the \isi{light verb} is the sorcerer (\Tsg.\Masc).
A: word: rokar	 gloss: thing
B: word: thythy	 gloss: nuisance
C: word: efoth	 gloss: sun
D: word: ythama=ma	 gloss: bird.of.paradise=CHAR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati zän\stem{fref}a yan\stem{yak} ___ kma n zirkn thra\stem{thkäf} ... zirkn.
Gloss (with missing item): then SG:SBJ:PST:PFV/come.up TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk ___ Pot IMN persistence STSG:SBJ>STDU:OBJ:IRR:PFV/start ... persistence.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, he came up from the river, he walked. He was about to start hassling the two children ... hassling (them).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The two phasal verbs usually take nominalised verbs as their complements ({\S}\ref{phasalcomplements}), but they can also be supplemented by property nouns with more event-oriented semantics. Hence, they exhibit the same double life as full verbs and light verbs as fiyoksi. Two examples of thkäfsi `start' functioning as a \isi{light verb} are given below. In (\ref{ex599}), a man is trying to enter the house in which two its gloss ___ are hiding. The phasal verb indexes the two its gloss ___, while the semantic content of the event comes solely from the \isi{property noun} zirkn `persistence'.
A: word: nagaye=dben	 gloss: child=LOC.ANIM.SG
B: word: zirkn	 gloss: persistence
C: word: nagayé	 gloss: children
D: word: nge	 gloss: child
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati zän\stem{fref}a yan\stem{yak} nagayé kma n ___ thra\stem{thkäf} ... zirkn.
Gloss (with missing item): then SG:SBJ:PST:PFV/come.up TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk children Pot IMN ___ STSG:SBJ>STDU:OBJ:IRR:PFV/start ... persistence.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, he came up from the river, he walked. He was about to start hassling the two children ... hassling (them).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The two phasal verbs usually take nominalised verbs as their complements ({\S}\ref{phasalcomplements}), but they can also be supplemented by property nouns with more event-oriented semantics. Hence, they exhibit the same double life as full verbs and light verbs as fiyoksi. Two examples of thkäfsi `start' functioning as a \isi{light verb} are given below. In (\ref{ex599}), a man is trying to enter the house in which two children are hiding. The phasal verb indexes the two children, while the semantic content of the event comes solely from the \isi{property noun} the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___'.
A: word: nzä	 gloss: FSG.ABS
B: word: rirk-si=ma	 gloss: respect-NMLZ=CHAR
C: word: zirkn	 gloss: persistence
D: word: yakme	 gloss: quickly
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ sre\stem{thkäf}.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ STSG:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:IRR:PFV/start.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She started sweet-talking him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example (\ref{ex600}), a malevolent spirit is trying to persuade a man to stay the night in her house. Again, the \isi{property noun} the morpheme ___ `sweet-talk' expresses most of the semantics of the event.
A: word: nzä	 gloss: FSG.ABS
B: word: garamgaram	 gloss: sweet.talk
C: word: aya	 gloss: oh
D: word: arammba	 gloss: arammba
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): biskar mni=f=nzo ___ kwof\stem{kämg}wrm.
Gloss (with missing item): cassava fire=ERG=ONLY ___ STSG:SBJ>FSG:OBJ:PST:DUR/block.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Cooking the cassava took all my attention. (lit. `Cassava cooking concentration blocked me.')'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As I have shown above, light verbs (rä- `do', ko- `become', fiyoksi `make', thkäfsi `start' and bthaksi `finish') require semantic assistance from \isi{nominal} predicates. However, \isi{nominal} predicates can be found with other verbs, i.e. full verbs. In the following examples, the concepts of `being concentrated' (\ref{ex601}) and `being locked in' (\ref{ex602}) are expressed by the property nouns the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' and ttw `inertia', respectively. Both meanings could be expressed with light verbs, for example (\ref{ex601}) could be expressed as the morpheme ___ ŋaräré `I am concentrating' (lit. `I am its gloss ___-doing'). The two examples employ full verbs instead, which should be understood as a more idiosyncratic way of speaking.
A: word: mogu	 gloss: concentration
B: word: sam	 gloss: liquid
C: word: no=r	 gloss: water=PURP
D: word: emoth	 gloss: sister
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A