cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zfth mni nä kayé ___ kidn.
Gloss (with missing item): base fire some yesterday ___ kidn.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They always used to call the eternal fire Kidn.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{durative} suffix can also attach to an \isi{iterative} inflection, in which case the iteration of the event is streched over a longer duration, as in (\ref{ex295}) and (\ref{ex296}). In (\ref{ex295}), the speaker talks about the first fire which destroyed the world inhabited by humans. In (\ref{ex296}), the speaker describes how the people used to avoid a particular place during the early and late hours of the day because it was inhabited by a story man.
A: word: nz=y-brüz-∅-é	 gloss: IMMpst=TSG.MASC.ALPH-submerge.EXT-NDU-FSG
B: word: zu-ä-r-a-th	 gloss: FSG.GAM-VC..NDU-give.RS-PST-STNSG
C: word: zu-ä-s-m-th	 gloss: TSG.F.BETaone-NDU-call.RS-DUR-STNSG
D: word: thu-zirak-wr-m-th	 gloss: STNSG.BETaone-tie.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kw-a-moneg-wr-m-th e efoth fthé zbo warfo ___ fthé kw-a-rafi-nzr-m-th zä z=e-rä
Gloss (with missing item): M.Betaone-VC-wait.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG until sun when PROX.All above ___ when M.BETaone-VC.-paddle.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG. PROX PROX=STNSG.ALPH-COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They were waiting until the sun always reached highest point and then they paddled here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{durative} suffix can also attach to an \isi{iterative} inflection, in which case the iteration of the event is streched over a longer duration, as in (\ref{ex295}) and (\ref{ex296}). In (\ref{ex295}), the speaker talks about the first fire which destroyed the world inhabited by humans. In (\ref{ex296}), the speaker describes how the people used to avoid a particular place during the early and late hours of the day because it was inhabited by a story man.
A: word: zu-a-fsi-nzr-m-∅	 gloss: TSG.F.Betatwo-VC-count.EXT-NDU-DUR-STSG
B: word: nama	 gloss: two.days.ago
C: word: thu-a-m-nzr-m	 gloss: STNSG.BETaone-VC.-sit.EXT-NDU-DUR
D: word: kw-ä-n-kor-m-∅	 gloss: M.BETaone-VC.NDU-VENIT-become.RS-DUR-STSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zfth mni nä kayé ___ kidn.
Gloss (with missing item): base fire some yesterday ___ kidn.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They always used to call the eternal fire Kidn.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{durative} suffix can also attach to an \isi{iterative} inflection, in which case the iteration of the event is streched over a longer duration, as in (\ref{ex295}) and (\ref{ex296}). In (\ref{ex295}), the speaker talks about the first fire which destroyed the world inhabited by humans. In (\ref{ex296}), the speaker describes how the people used to avoid a particular place during the early and late hours of the day because it was inhabited by a story man.
A: word: zu-ä-r-a-th	 gloss: FSG.GAM-VC..NDU-give.RS-PST-STNSG
B: word: zu-ä-s-m-th	 gloss: TSG.F.BETaone-NDU-call.RS-DUR-STNSG
C: word: m=z-ä-rfusir-∅	 gloss: Appr=M.GAM-VC..NDU-light.up.RS-STSG
D: word: thu-zirak-wr-m-th	 gloss: STNSG.BETaone-tie.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kw-a-moneg-wr-m-th e efoth fthé zbo warfo ___ fthé kw-a-rafi-nzr-m-th zä z=e-rä
Gloss (with missing item): M.Betaone-VC-wait.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG until sun when PROX.All above ___ when M.BETaone-VC.-paddle.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG. PROX PROX=STNSG.ALPH-COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They were waiting until the sun always reached highest point and then they paddled here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{durative} suffix can also attach to an \isi{iterative} inflection, in which case the iteration of the event is streched over a longer duration, as in (\ref{ex295}) and (\ref{ex296}). In (\ref{ex295}), the speaker talks about the first fire which destroyed the world inhabited by humans. In (\ref{ex296}), the speaker describes how the people used to avoid a particular place during the early and late hours of the day because it was inhabited by a story man.
A: word: zu-ä-s-m-th	 gloss: TSG.F.BETaone-NDU-call.RS-DUR-STNSG
B: word: zu-a-fsi-nzr-m-∅	 gloss: TSG.F.Betatwo-VC-count.EXT-NDU-DUR-STSG
C: word: thu-a-m-nzr-m	 gloss: STNSG.BETaone-VC.-sit.EXT-NDU-DUR
D: word: kw-ä-n-kor-m-∅	 gloss: M.BETaone-VC.NDU-VENIT-become.RS-DUR-STSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nasi=me ___ ebar=en ah miyatha k-ä-kor-∅ bä mon=wä z-brig-w-é.
Gloss (with missing item): long.yam=INS ___ head=LOC ah knowledge M.BET-NDU-become.RS-SSG.IMP Second.ABS how=EMPH TSG.F.BET-return.EXT-NDU-SSG.IMP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They would hit him on the head with the long yam (and say) ``Now you come up with a plan to pay this back!'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{durative} suffix -m can be suffixed to perfective verbs in the \isi{recent past}, \isi{past} and \isi{irrealis}. In this case, the event is only \isi{backgrounded} without encoding a longer duration. However, these inflections are so rare that, at least for the \isi{recent past} and \isi{past} tenses, they are not attested in the corpus. For the \isi{irrealis} \isi{perfective} with the \isi{durative} suffix, there are a handful of examples. In (\ref{ex297}), the speaker talks about an old procedure for punishment which involved striking the culprit with a yam tuber over the head.\footnote{I will show the backgrounded status of the perfective verb in the unified gloss line with \Bg{}, as in the examples below. In the maximally segmented gloss line, I will continue to use the durative label \Dur{}.}
A: word: wo-a-rnzür-wr-a-th	 gloss: FSG.ALPH-VC.-dance.EXT-NDU-PST-STNSG
B: word: s-ra-a-kor-∅	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR-NDU-say.RS-STSG
C: word: s-rä-kwr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR.NDU-hit.RS-DUR-STNSG
D: word: thu-zirak-wr-m-th	 gloss: STNSG.BETaone-tie.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ni miyamr mä kwa k-rä-bth-∅ mane ... mrn-en ___ frthé.
Gloss (with missing item): FNSG ignorance where FUT M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-STSG which ... clan-LOC ___ when.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We do not know where it will finish ... in which generation it will finish.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Irrespective of perfectivity, the \isi{durative} suffix on any \isi{irrealis} inflection can have a far \isi{future} interpretation. In examples (\ref{ex298}) and (\ref{ex299}), it is clear from the context that the event is set in the \isi{future} and the -m on the verb indicates that the event is further in the \isi{future} (as opposed to an \isi{irrealis} form without the -m suffix). In (\ref{ex298}), the speaker showed me an old method of tying a bowstring. He then speculates whether and when these old practices will vanish. Example (\ref{ex299}) is taken from a conversation about yam cultivation during which the speaker complains about young people's lack of interest in gardening.
A: word: paitua=f	 gloss: old.man=ERG.SG
B: word: k-rä-bth-m-o-∅	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-DUR-ANDAT-SG
C: word: n=ŋ-a-trik-w-é	 gloss: IMMpst=M.ALPH-VC.-tell.EXT-NDU-FSG
D: word: k-rä-bth-∅	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-STSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nzä miyamr thrma ra ___ ... nagayé.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ABS ignorance later what ___ ... children.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I do not know what the children will eat later.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Irrespective of perfectivity, the \isi{durative} suffix on any \isi{irrealis} inflection can have a far \isi{future} interpretation. In examples (\ref{ex298}) and (\ref{ex299}), it is clear from the context that the event is set in the \isi{future} and the -m on the verb indicates that the event is further in the \isi{future} (as opposed to an \isi{irrealis} form without the -m suffix). In (\ref{ex298}), the speaker showed me an old method of tying a bowstring. He then speculates whether and when these old practices will vanish. Example (\ref{ex299}) is taken from a conversation about yam cultivation during which the speaker complains about young people's lack of interest in gardening.
A: word: b=kw-a-ru-thr-m-th	 gloss: MED=M.BETaone-VC.-bark.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
B: word: s-ra-na-thr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR-eat.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
C: word: s-rä-kwr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR.NDU-hit.RS-DUR-STNSG
D: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ni miyamr mä kwa k-rä-bth-∅ mane ... mrn-en ___ frthé.
Gloss (with missing item): FNSG ignorance where FUT M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-STSG which ... clan-LOC ___ when.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We do not know where it will finish ... in which generation it will finish.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Irrespective of perfectivity, the \isi{durative} suffix on any \isi{irrealis} inflection can have a far \isi{future} interpretation. In examples (\ref{ex298}) and (\ref{ex299}), it is clear from the context that the event is set in the \isi{future} and the -m on the verb indicates that the event is further in the \isi{future} (as opposed to an \isi{irrealis} form without the -m suffix). In (\ref{ex298}), the speaker showed me an old method of tying a bowstring. He then speculates whether and when these old practices will vanish. Example (\ref{ex299}) is taken from a conversation about yam cultivation during which the speaker complains about young people's lack of interest in gardening.
A: word: k-rä-bth-∅	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-STSG
B: word: bundbo=nzo	 gloss: SSG.All=ONLY
C: word: k-rä-bth-m-o-∅	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-DUR-ANDAT-SG
D: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nzä miyamr thrma ra ___ ... nagayé.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ABS ignorance later what ___ ... children.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I do not know what the children will eat later.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Irrespective of perfectivity, the \isi{durative} suffix on any \isi{irrealis} inflection can have a far \isi{future} interpretation. In examples (\ref{ex298}) and (\ref{ex299}), it is clear from the context that the event is set in the \isi{future} and the -m on the verb indicates that the event is further in the \isi{future} (as opposed to an \isi{irrealis} form without the -m suffix). In (\ref{ex298}), the speaker showed me an old method of tying a bowstring. He then speculates whether and when these old practices will vanish. Example (\ref{ex299}) is taken from a conversation about yam cultivation during which the speaker complains about young people's lack of interest in gardening.
A: word: b=kw-a-ru-thr-m-th	 gloss: MED=M.BETaone-VC.-bark.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
B: word: s-rä-kwr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR.NDU-hit.RS-DUR-STNSG
C: word: zu-∅-kor-a-th	 gloss: FSG.GAM-DU-speak.RS-PST-STNSG
D: word: s-ra-na-thr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR-eat.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fthé bone kafar=wä ___ eh yabun zane wtri=karä=sü we gn-rä-r-m.
Gloss (with missing item): when SSG.POSS big=EMPH ___ eh big DEM:PROX fear=PROP=ETC also SSG.BET-COP-NDU-DUR.
The English translation of this sentence is:`When they have just held your big (yam tubers) and say: ``Hey, that (is) a big one!'' then you have to be afraid!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the \isi{durative} suffix is attached to a \isi{verb} in the \isi{imperative} mood, it encodes a delayed or \isi{future} \isi{imperative} (`do X a little later!').\footnote{I gloss the future imperative with \Futimp{} in the unified gloss line.} The \isi{future} \isi{imperative} is also a rare inflection, and we have seen one text example in (\ref{ex274}) on page \pageref{ex274}. In example (\ref{ex300}), the speaker describes how competitive yam harvesting took place in the old days. After harvesting and sorting, a piece of rattan was used to measure the size of the largest tubers. This measurement was then sent to the competitors as a sign of one's superior gardening skills.
A: word: n=e-fath-wr-m-th	 gloss: IMMpst=STNSG.ALPH-hold.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
B: word: s-rä-kwr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR.NDU-hit.RS-DUR-STNSG
C: word: thu-zirak-wr-m-th	 gloss: STNSG.BETaone-tie.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
D: word: n=y-a-m-nzr-m	 gloss: IMMpst=TSG.MASC.ALPH-VC.-sit.EXT-NDU-DUR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ŋatr ___ nafanme=dbo.
Gloss (with missing item): then rattan ___ TNSG=All.SG.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, you send the measure string to them!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the \isi{durative} suffix is attached to a \isi{verb} in the \isi{imperative} mood, it encodes a delayed or \isi{future} \isi{imperative} (`do X a little later!').\footnote{I gloss the future imperative with \Futimp{} in the unified gloss line.} The \isi{future} \isi{imperative} is also a rare inflection, and we have seen one text example in (\ref{ex274}) on page \pageref{ex274}. In example (\ref{ex300}), the speaker describes how competitive yam harvesting took place in the old days. After harvesting and sorting, a piece of rattan was used to measure the size of the largest tubers. This measurement was then sent to the competitors as a sign of one's superior gardening skills.
A: word: s-∅-ritüth-e	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-DU-grab.RS-STNSG.IMP
B: word: rifthz-si=me	 gloss: hide-NMLZ=INS
C: word: kayé	 gloss: yesterday
D: word: th-ä-rifth-m-∅	 gloss: STNSG.BET-NDU-send.RS-DUR-SSG.IMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bä z=n-rä zä ___ kwot e nzä k-rä-n-brim-é.
Gloss (with missing item): Second.ABS PROX=SSG.ALPH-COP.NDU PROX ___ properly until FSG.ABS. M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-VENIT:return.RS-FSG.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Now you are here. You stay here until I return.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Here I describe the morphology of imperatives for the prefixing template. Prefixing verbs as defined here encode their single \isi{participant} in the prefix. We saw in \tabref{perspref2} on page \pageref{perspref2} that imperatives are formed with the \Bet{} \isi{prefix series}. For prefixing verbs, the formatives are gn- (\Ssg.\Imp) and th- (\Snsg.\Imp). A further suffix is added to prefixing verbs only. Consider example (\ref{ex301}) in which the speaker quotes himself talking to his wife. The \isi{imperative} inflected \isi{verb} is marked with an -é suffix which resembles the actor suffix of an ambifixing \isi{imperfective} \isi{imperative} (\Ssg.\Imp) or of an ambifixing indicative of any \isi{aspect} class (\Fsg). In the morphological context of prefixing imperatives, this -é does not encode a \isi{person} value, as can be seen in example (\ref{ex302}) where the number of the addressee argument is \isi{plural}. In other words, the -é suffix looks like a \isi{person}/\isi{number} suffix, but with prefixing verbs it is inert to those categories and it only encodes \isi{imperative} mood.
A: word: gn-a-m-nz-é	 gloss: SSG.BET-VC.-sit.EXT-NDU-IMP
B: word: nzu-a-m-nz-r-m	 gloss: FNSG.BETaone-VC.-dwell.EXT-NDU-LK-DUR
C: word: k-ä-tharuf-∅	 gloss: M.BET-VC..NDU-enter.RS-SSG.IMP
D: word: nz-ra-yak	 gloss: FNSG.BET-IRR-walk.EXT.NDU
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ thrma nz-ä-n-mes-é ... fthé z-rä-bth-é zane kafar.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ later SSG.BET-NDU-VENIT-fetch.RS-FSG ... when TSG.F.BET-IRR.NDU-finish.RS-FSG DEM:PROX big.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Later I will try and fetch you, when I have finished that big (basket).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{immithe morpheme ___ethe morpheme ___t} \isi{particle} the morpheme ___ expresses the poithe morpheme ___t ithe morpheme ___ time just before the evethe morpheme ___t takes place, usually without implyithe morpheme ___g that it actually happethe morpheme ___ed. This oftethe morpheme ___ gets trathe morpheme ___slated by ithe morpheme ___formathe morpheme ___ts as `try to do X' or `be about to do X'. Both ithe morpheme ___terpretatiothe morpheme ___s, the ithe morpheme ___tethe morpheme ___tiothe morpheme ___al athe morpheme ___d the immithe morpheme ___ethe morpheme ___t othe morpheme ___e, are possible athe morpheme ___d difficult to separate. Ithe morpheme ___ example (\ref{ex307}), the speaker showed me how to weave a fish basket. He says that he will try athe morpheme ___d fetch me whethe morpheme ___ the work is fithe morpheme ___ished because he does the morpheme ___ot kthe morpheme ___ow whether or the morpheme ___ot it will be successful.\footthe morpheme ___ote{Ithe morpheme ___deed, he the morpheme ___ever came athe morpheme ___d showed me the fithe morpheme ___ished fish basket because I had already left the village. But he proudly presethe morpheme ___ted it to me ithe morpheme ___ the followithe morpheme ___g year.}
A: word: n	 gloss: IMN
B: word: komnzo	 gloss: only
C: word: k-rä-mnzer-é	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-fall.asleep.RS-FSG
D: word: yf=karä	 gloss: name=PROP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A