cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zokwasi w-zä-nzr-∅ ... daddy=f ___ k-a-naf-r-é.
Gloss (with missing item): words TSG.F.ALPH-carry.EXT-NDU-STSG ... father=ERG.SG ___ M.BET-VC.-speak.EXT-NDU-SSG.IMP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Daddy is recording the words. You must not talk!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If m occurs with an \isi{imperative} inflected verb and the \isi{potential} kma, it functions as a prohibitive. Example (\ref{ex305}) is from the very beginning of a hunting story. The speaker tells his son to be quiet during the recording, while I am setting up the microphone.
A: word: nomai	 gloss: Hab
B: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
C: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
D: word: nima=me	 gloss: like.this=INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wäri=r bä m=gn-a-n-yak-é zena zbär zbo.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ sex=PURP Second.ABS Appr=SSG.BET-VC.-VENIT-walk.EXT.NDU-IMP today night PROX.All.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You must not come here for sex tonight!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} the morpheme ___ as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and the morpheme ___ in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: m=e-rn	 gloss: where=STNSG.ALPH-COP.DU
B: word: fthé~~~~~~~~~~~~~	 gloss: when
C: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
D: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kma wäri=r bä ___ zena zbär zbo.
Gloss (with missing item): Pot sex=PURP Second.ABS ___ today night PROX.All.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You must not come here for sex tonight!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} kma as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and kma in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: m=gn-a-n-yak-é	 gloss: Appr=SSG.BET-VC.-VENIT-walk.EXT.NDU-IMP
B: word: e-a-n-yak-a	 gloss: STNSG.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-walk.EXT.NDU-PST
C: word: k-ra-n-brig-wr-th	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC.-VENIT-return.EXT-NDU-STNSG
D: word: m=k-rä-rit-∅	 gloss: Appr=M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-pass.RS-STSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zokwasi w-zä-nzr-∅ ... daddy=f ___ k-a-naf-r-é.
Gloss (with missing item): words TSG.F.ALPH-carry.EXT-NDU-STSG ... father=ERG.SG ___ M.BET-VC.-speak.EXT-NDU-SSG.IMP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Daddy is recording the words. You must not talk!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} kma as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and kma in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
B: word: nima=me	 gloss: like.this=INS
C: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
D: word: s-ra-na-thr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR-eat.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): be ___ ŋazi=karä k-a-thafrak-w-é.
Gloss (with missing item): SSG.ERG ___ coconut=PROP M.BET-VC.-mix.EXT-NDU-SSG.IMP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You must not mix it with coconut'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} kma as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and kma in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
B: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
C: word: nima=me	 gloss: like.this=INS
D: word: k-rä-bth-m-o-∅	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-DUR-ANDAT-SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wäri=r bä m=gn-a-n-yak-é zena zbär zbo.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ sex=PURP Second.ABS Appr=SSG.BET-VC.-VENIT-walk.EXT.NDU-IMP today night PROX.All.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You must not come here for sex tonight!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} the morpheme ___ as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and the morpheme ___ in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
B: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
C: word: n-a-trik-w-é	 gloss: SSG.ALPH-VC.-tell.EXT-NDU-FSG
D: word: ŋad	 gloss: rope
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kma wäri=r bä ___ zena zbär zbo.
Gloss (with missing item): Pot sex=PURP Second.ABS ___ today night PROX.All.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You must not come here for sex tonight!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} kma as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and kma in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: m=gn-a-n-yak-é	 gloss: Appr=SSG.BET-VC.-VENIT-walk.EXT.NDU-IMP
B: word: m=k-rä-rit-∅	 gloss: Appr=M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-pass.RS-STSG
C: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
D: word: e-a-n-yak-a	 gloss: STNSG.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-walk.EXT.NDU-PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): be ___ ŋazi=karä k-a-thafrak-w-é.
Gloss (with missing item): SSG.ERG ___ coconut=PROP M.BET-VC.-mix.EXT-NDU-SSG.IMP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You must not mix it with coconut'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the prohibitive construction, the \isi{particle} m is rather flexible. It can attach to the verb as a \isi{proclitic} (\ref{ex306}) or to the \isi{potential} \isi{particle} kma as an \isi{enclitic} (\ref{ex305} and \ref{ex383}). What is important for the prohibitive reading is the co-occurence of m and kma in the clause, not the fact that they are conjoined. Example (\ref{ex306})\footnote{The verb yak ‘walk’ is deponent and employs the valency change prefix a- without a change in the valency of the verb. It is only deponent when it employs the venitive marker, meaning ‘come’, not when it is neutral or andative, meaning ‘walk’, ‘go away’.} comes from a public speech at a dance in which the speaker tells the audience the rules for the night. Example (\ref{ex383}) is taken from a text about food taboos.
A: word: nima=me	 gloss: like.this=INS
B: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
C: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
D: word: k-rä-bth-m-o-∅	 gloss: M.BET-IRR.VC..NDU-finish.RS-DUR-ANDAT-SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): namä ___ nima=me z-ra-re-nzr-m fof ... fthé namä yam=me n=w-fifthak-wr-m-e.
Gloss (with missing item): good ___ like.this=INS TSG.F.BET-IRR.VC.-look.EXT-NDU-DUR EMPH ... when good custom=INS IMMpst=TSG.F.ALPH-put.down.straight.EXT-NDU-DUR-FNSG.
The English translation of this sentence is:`It should have been well today, if we had straightened things out in a good way.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{potential} \isi{particle} the morpheme ___ is used to encode various types of speculation and counterfactuality with deontic or epistemic interpretation. Example (\ref{ex331}) is taken from a public speech at a dance, where the guest side has brought too many people, and consequently the host side found it impossible to meet the needs of so many people. The speaker regrets that no proper arrangement has been made prior to the event. Thus, the clause ``it should have been well'' has a clear deontic reading.
A: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
B: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
C: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
D: word: nafa-fäms=f	 gloss: Third.POSS-exchange.man=ERG.SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nafa-ngth ___ markai nabi=karä sf-rär-m.
Gloss (with missing item): Third.POSS-younger.sibling ___ outsider bow=PROP TSG.MASC.Betatwo-COP.NDU-DUR.
The English translation of this sentence is:`His younger brother must have had a shotgun.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex334}) is taken from an origin myth in which the speaker speculates that one of the protagonists ``must have had a shotgun'', while his brother only had bow and arrow. This is a clear epistemic use of the morpheme ___.
A: word: kma	 gloss: Pot
B: word: gn-a-m-nz-é	 gloss: SSG.BET-VC.-sit.EXT-NDU-IMP
C: word: yafü-si=karä	 gloss: open-NMLZ=PROP
D: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zena ___ n-a-trik-w-é bun ... no kzi=ma.
Gloss (with missing item): today ___ SSG.ALPH-VC.-tell.EXT-NDU-FSG SSG.DAT ... rain barktray=CHAR.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Today, I will tell you about the rain-making barktray.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Future tense is marked periphrastically in Komnzo with the \isi{particle} the morpheme ___, which combines either with the \isi{non-past} (\ref{ex335}) or irrealis inflections (\ref{ex309}).
A: word: m=e-rn	 gloss: where=STNSG.ALPH-COP.DU
B: word: nima	 gloss: Quot
C: word: zokwasi=me=wä	 gloss: speech=INS=EMPH
D: word: kwa	 gloss: FUT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zena kwa ___ bun ... no kzi=ma.
Gloss (with missing item): today FUT ___ SSG.DAT ... rain barktray=CHAR.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Today, I will tell you about the rain-making barktray.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Future tense is marked periphrastically in Komnzo with the \isi{particle} kwa, which combines either with the \isi{non-past} (\ref{ex335}) or irrealis inflections (\ref{ex309}).
A: word: kwan=ma	 gloss: noise=CHAR
B: word: n=ŋ-a-trik-w-é	 gloss: IMMpst=M.ALPH-VC.-tell.EXT-NDU-FSG
C: word: n-a-trik-w-é	 gloss: SSG.ALPH-VC.-tell.EXT-NDU-FSG
D: word: nomai	 gloss: Hab
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): gb ___ th-ra-rfik-wr zba.
Gloss (with missing item): sprout ___ STNSG.BET-IRR-grow.EXT-NDU PROX.ABL.
The English translation of this sentence is:`The sprouts will grow from here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Future tense is marked periphrastically in Komnzo with the \isi{particle} the morpheme ___, which combines either with the \isi{non-past} (\ref{ex335}) or irrealis inflections (\ref{ex309}).
A: word: kayé	 gloss: yesterday
B: word: zokwasi=me=wä	 gloss: speech=INS=EMPH
C: word: kwa	 gloss: FUT
D: word: nima	 gloss: Quot
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): gb kwa ___ zba.
Gloss (with missing item): sprout FUT ___ PROX.ABL.
The English translation of this sentence is:`The sprouts will grow from here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Future tense is marked periphrastically in Komnzo with the \isi{particle} kwa, which combines either with the \isi{non-past} (\ref{ex335}) or irrealis inflections (\ref{ex309}).
A: word: th-ra-nor	 gloss: STNSG.BET-IRR-shout.EXT.NDU
B: word: th-ra-a-frms-é	 gloss: STNSG.BET-IRR-VC.textbarNDU-prepare.RS-FSG
C: word: nomai	 gloss: Hab
D: word: th-ra-rfik-wr	 gloss: STNSG.BET-IRR-grow.EXT-NDU
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ yf kwot keke miyatha wo-rä.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ name properly NEG knowledge FSG.ALPH-COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Wait! I don't quite know that name.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{future} \isi{particle} can also be used by itself meaning `its gloss ___', as in example (\ref{ex310}), where the name of a particular plant has slipped from the speaker's mind.
A: word: kwa	 gloss: wait
B: word: zokwasi=me=wä	 gloss: speech=INS=EMPH
C: word: yam=me	 gloss: custom=INS
D: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ni miyamr mane z-ra-rä ane kar yf fof ___ kwa kar yf nä z-a-mar-e fof
Gloss (with missing item): FNSG ignorance which TSG.F.BET-IRR-COP.NDU DEM village name EMPH ___ FUT village name some TSG.F.GAM-NDU-see-FNSG EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We do not know which local name it will be. We have not heard the name yet.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When negated, the \isi{future} \isi{particle} kwa can express `not yet', as in example (\ref{ex367}), where the speaker points out that he has not yet heard the name that will be given to a particular person at an upcoming namesake celebration.
A: word: s-a-kwr-∅	 gloss: TSG.MASC.ALPH-NDU-hit.RS-SSG.IMP
B: word: naf	 gloss: TSG.ERG
C: word: ŋarake=r	 gloss: fence=PURP
D: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D