cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nzenme bada nima=me zf ŋatr thu-zirak-wr-m-th watik ni ane ___ zena=thamar.
Gloss (with missing item): FNSG.POSS ancestor like.this=INS IMM bowstring STNSG.BETaone-tie.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG then FNSG DEM ___ today=TEMP.All.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Our ancestors where tying the bowstring this way. We have been following (this custom) until today.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The spatial semantics of the \isi{directional} inflection can be extended to cover metaphorical uses. Example (\ref{ex261}) shows a \isi{temporal} use where the speaker explains the old custom of tying a bowstring. Thus, he literally says that he `follows the custom hither'. Example (\ref{ex263}) is a description of a very old woman, who has outlived some of her own children. The speaker uses the \isi{andative} inflection on the verb yathizsi `die' which is best translated into \ili{English} as `pass away'.
A: word: k-a-n-brim-e	 gloss: M.BET-VC..DU-VENIT-return.RS-SNSG.IMP
B: word: w-a-n-yak-a	 gloss: TSG.F.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-go.EXT.NDU-PST
C: word: w-a-n-brag-wr-e	 gloss: TSG.F.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-follow.EXT-NDU-FNSG
D: word: gn-ä-kuk	 gloss: SSG.BET.IMP-NDU-stand.RS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nafa-fäms=f s-rä-n-karis-∅ oh kabe ___ garda=r.
Gloss (with missing item): Third.POSS-exchange.man=ERG.SG TSG.MASC.BET-IRR.NDU-VENIT-hear.RS-STSG oh man ___ canoe=PURP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`His exchange man heard him (and said:) ``Oh, there is a man calling out for the canoe.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clitic demonstratives are always used situationally in order to point, direct or show the location of an event or a referent in relation to the \isi{deictic} center. Example (\ref{ex265})\footnote{The verb -nor `shout' is deponent and takes the valency change prefix a- prefix without an impact on the argument structure.} comes from a narrative. The \isi{deictic} center of that part of the story is a man who is sitting in his camp and happens to hear someone shouting from the river. Note that both verbs (`hear' and `shout') are inflected with a \isi{venitive} marker. Thus, we can translate the second verb byannor, to which the \isi{medial} clitic \isi{demonstrative} (b= \Med) is attached, as `He shouts there towards here'.
A: word: b=y-rtmak-wr-∅	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG
B: word: s-ra-a-kor-∅	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR-NDU-say.RS-STSG
C: word: b=y-a-n-nor	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-shout.EXT.NDU
D: word: n=wo-a-n-wä-gr	 gloss: IMMpst=FSG-VC.-VENIT-be.on.top-STAT.NDU
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nima ___ b=y-rtmak-wr-∅ b=\stem{yé}.
Gloss (with missing item): like.this ___ MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG MED=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She cuts off that one there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the inflected \isi{verb} is vowel-initial or begins in a glide (only some formatives of the \Alph{} series), the \isi{clitic} \isi{demonstrative} simply attaches as an onset, for example in (\ref{ex266})\footnote{The verb msaksi `sit|dwell' is deponent and takes the valency change prefix a- without an impact on the argument structure.} or (\ref{ex268}). Elsewhere, an initial \isi{syllable} is created through \isi{epenthesis}, as in (\ref{ex265}) and (\ref{ex267}).
A: word: b=e-mig-wr-e	 gloss: MED=STNSG.ALPH-hang.EXT-NDU-FNSG
B: word: bäne=fo	 gloss: Recog=All
C: word: nnzä	 gloss: perhaps
D: word: bäne	 gloss: DEM:MED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nima bäne ___ b=\stem{yé}.
Gloss (with missing item): like.this DEM:MED ___ MED=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She cuts off that one there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the inflected \isi{verb} is vowel-initial or begins in a glide (only some formatives of the \Alph{} series), the \isi{clitic} \isi{demonstrative} simply attaches as an onset, for example in (\ref{ex266})\footnote{The verb msaksi `sit|dwell' is deponent and takes the valency change prefix a- without an impact on the argument structure.} or (\ref{ex268}). Elsewhere, an initial \isi{syllable} is created through \isi{epenthesis}, as in (\ref{ex265}) and (\ref{ex267}).
A: word: b=y-rtmak-wr-∅	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG
B: word: w-brig-r-n-a-th	 gloss: TSG.F.Alph-return.EXT-LK-DU-PST-STNSG
C: word: y-msak-wr-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.ALPH-sit.EXT-NDU-STNSG
D: word: b=y-kogr-o	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-stand.NDU-ANDAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nafa-fäms=f s-rä-n-karis-∅ oh kabe ___ garda=r.
Gloss (with missing item): Third.POSS-exchange.man=ERG.SG TSG.MASC.BET-IRR.NDU-VENIT-hear.RS-STSG oh man ___ canoe=PURP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`His exchange man heard him (and said:) ``Oh, there is a man calling out for the canoe.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the inflected \isi{verb} is vowel-initial or begins in a glide (only some formatives of the \Alph{} series), the \isi{clitic} \isi{demonstrative} simply attaches as an onset, for example in (\ref{ex266})\footnote{The verb msaksi `sit|dwell' is deponent and takes the valency change prefix a- without an impact on the argument structure.} or (\ref{ex268}). Elsewhere, an initial \isi{syllable} is created through \isi{epenthesis}, as in (\ref{ex265}) and (\ref{ex267}).
A: word: n=wo-a-n-wä-gr	 gloss: IMMpst=FSG-VC.-VENIT-be.on.top-STAT.NDU
B: word: b=y-rtmak-wr-∅	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG
C: word: msak-si=n	 gloss: sit-NMLZ=LOC
D: word: b=y-a-n-nor	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-shout.EXT.NDU
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ane bä ___ büdisn=en mnz zn=en.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM MED ___ büdisn=LOC house place=LOC.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Those (dogs) were barking there in Büdisn at the house.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If the inflected \isi{verb} is vowel-initial or begins in a glide (only some formatives of the \Alph{} series), the \isi{clitic} \isi{demonstrative} simply attaches as an onset, for example in (\ref{ex266})\footnote{The verb msaksi `sit|dwell' is deponent and takes the valency change prefix a- without an impact on the argument structure.} or (\ref{ex268}). Elsewhere, an initial \isi{syllable} is created through \isi{epenthesis}, as in (\ref{ex265}) and (\ref{ex267}).
A: word: s-ra-na-thr-m-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.BET-IRR-eat.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
B: word: b=kw-a-ru-thr-m-th	 gloss: MED=M.BETaone-VC.-bark.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG
C: word: bäne	 gloss: Recog.ABS
D: word: kw-a-rafi-nzr-m-th	 gloss: M.BETaone-VC.-paddle.EXT-NDU-DUR-STNSG.
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nima ___ b=y-rtmak-wr-∅ b=\stem{yé}.
Gloss (with missing item): like.this ___ MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG MED=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She cuts off that one there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clitic demonstratives are found most frequently attached to the \isi{copula}, which then follows the main verb of a clause. In the discussion of demonstratives, I have labelled this construction ``\isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier}'' ({\S}\ref{demonstrative-identifiers-subsec}). In (\ref{ex268}), the speaker points to another person cutting off the branches of a tree. Note that the \isi{deictic} value (\Med) is held constant on the \isi{demonstrative} \isi{pronoun} the morpheme ___, the \isi{clitic} \isi{demonstrative} on rtmaksi `cut' and the \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} byé.
A: word: bäne=fo	 gloss: Recog=All
B: word: bäne	 gloss: DEM:MED
C: word: y-msak-wr-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.ALPH-sit.EXT-NDU-STNSG
D: word: mrn	 gloss: clan
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nima bäne ___ b=\stem{yé}.
Gloss (with missing item): like.this DEM:MED ___ MED=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She cuts off that one there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Clitic demonstratives are found most frequently attached to the \isi{copula}, which then follows the main verb of a clause. In the discussion of demonstratives, I have labelled this construction ``\isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier}'' ({\S}\ref{demonstrative-identifiers-subsec}). In (\ref{ex268}), the speaker points to another person cutting off the branches of a tree. Note that the \isi{deictic} value (\Med) is held constant on the \isi{demonstrative} \isi{pronoun} bäne, the \isi{clitic} \isi{demonstrative} on rtmaksi `cut' and the \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} byé.
A: word: w-a-n-brag-wr-e	 gloss: TSG.F.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-follow.EXT-NDU-FNSG
B: word: b=y-kogr-o	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-stand.NDU-ANDAT
C: word: b=y-rtmak-wr-∅	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG
D: word: y-msak-wr-th	 gloss: TSG.MASC.ALPH-sit.EXT-NDU-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ ane mni bäwzö b=y-kogr-o zä \stem{yé} z=\stem{yé} fothr zba=fa boba=fa mni bäwzö.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ DEM fire bäwzö MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-stand.NDU-ANDAT PROX TSG.MASC.COP.NDU PROX=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU fothr PROX.ABL=ABL MED.ABL=ABL fire bäwzö.
The English translation of this sentence is:`There, mni bäwzö is standing there. From here it is fothr bäwzö and from there (it is) mni bäwzö.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Naturally, \isi{deictic} markers are found mostly in situations where visual identification is important. Example (\ref{ex272}) is taken from a plant walk, where the speaker points out two different kinds of trees: mni the morpheme ___wzö and fothr (sometimes called fothr the morpheme ___wzö).\footnote{The words the morpheme ___wzö and fothr are proper nouns. However, mni means `fire' and the name mni the morpheme ___wzö `fire the morpheme ___wzö' is used because the bark of this tree is hardened over the fire and later used for house walls.} In the recording, fothr the morpheme ___wzö trees stood between the speaker and some mni the morpheme ___wzö trees. Hence, the latter are marked as being further away and all \isi{deictic} markers are \isi{medial}: the \isi{deictic} (the morpheme ___ `there'), the \isi{proclitic} on the verb (bikogro `it stands there') and the \isi{deictic} in \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (bobafa `from there'). Note that the verb is also inflected with an \isi{andative} suffix because more trees of the mni the morpheme ___wzö kind were growing in that direction. As for the other tree, fothr the morpheme ___wzö, it is marked by a \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} (zä `here'), a \isi{proximal} \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} (zyé `it is here') and another \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} in the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zbafa `from here').\footnote{Both deictics bobafa and zbafa are doubly ablative, i.e. boba is already ablative and contrasts with allative bobo. This is the only example in the corpus of doubly marked deictics.}
A: word: bäne	 gloss: Recog.ABS
B: word: bänemr	 gloss: Recog.PURP
C: word: bä	 gloss: MED
D: word: zu-ä-r-a-th	 gloss: FSG.GAM-VC..NDU-give.RS-PST-STNSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bä ane mni bäwzö ___ zä \stem{yé} z=\stem{yé} fothr zba=fa boba=fa mni bäwzö.
Gloss (with missing item): MED DEM fire bäwzö ___ PROX TSG.MASC.COP.NDU PROX=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU fothr PROX.ABL=ABL MED.ABL=ABL fire bäwzö.
The English translation of this sentence is:`There, mni bäwzö is standing there. From here it is fothr bäwzö and from there (it is) mni bäwzö.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Naturally, \isi{deictic} markers are found mostly in situations where visual identification is important. Example (\ref{ex272}) is taken from a plant walk, where the speaker points out two different kinds of trees: mni bäwzö and fothr (sometimes called fothr bäwzö).\footnote{The words bäwzö and fothr are proper nouns. However, mni means `fire' and the name mni bäwzö `fire bäwzö' is used because the bark of this tree is hardened over the fire and later used for house walls.} In the recording, fothr bäwzö trees stood between the speaker and some mni bäwzö trees. Hence, the latter are marked as being further away and all \isi{deictic} markers are \isi{medial}: the \isi{deictic} (bä `there'), the \isi{proclitic} on the verb (bikogro `it stands there') and the \isi{deictic} in \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (bobafa `from there'). Note that the verb is also inflected with an \isi{andative} suffix because more trees of the mni bäwzö kind were growing in that direction. As for the other tree, fothr bäwzö, it is marked by a \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} (zä `here'), a \isi{proximal} \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} (zyé `it is here') and another \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} in the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zbafa `from here').\footnote{Both deictics bobafa and zbafa are doubly ablative, i.e. boba is already ablative and contrasts with allative bobo. This is the only example in the corpus of doubly marked deictics.}
A: word: b=y-rtmak-wr-∅	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-cut.EXT-NDU-STSG
B: word: b=y-a-n-nor	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-VC.-VENIT-shout.EXT.NDU
C: word: b=y-kogr-o	 gloss: MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-stand.NDU-ANDAT
D: word: y-n-kogr	 gloss: TSG.MASC.ALPH-VENIT-stand.NDU
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 68:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bä ane mni bäwzö b=y-kogr-o ___ \stem{yé} z=\stem{yé} fothr zba=fa boba=fa mni bäwzö.
Gloss (with missing item): MED DEM fire bäwzö MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-stand.NDU-ANDAT ___ TSG.MASC.COP.NDU PROX=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU fothr PROX.ABL=ABL MED.ABL=ABL fire bäwzö.
The English translation of this sentence is:`There, mni bäwzö is standing there. From here it is fothr bäwzö and from there (it is) mni bäwzö.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Naturally, \isi{deictic} markers are found mostly in situations where visual identification is important. Example (\ref{ex272}) is taken from a plant walk, where the speaker points out two different kinds of trees: mni bäwzö and fothr (sometimes called fothr bäwzö).\footnote{The words bäwzö and fothr are proper nouns. However, mni means `fire' and the name mni bäwzö `fire bäwzö' is used because the bark of this tree is hardened over the fire and later used for house walls.} In the recording, fothr bäwzö trees stood between the speaker and some mni bäwzö trees. Hence, the latter are marked as being further away and all \isi{deictic} markers are \isi{medial}: the \isi{deictic} (bä `there'), the \isi{proclitic} on the verb (bikogro `it stands there') and the \isi{deictic} in \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (bobafa `from there'). Note that the verb is also inflected with an \isi{andative} suffix because more trees of the mni bäwzö kind were growing in that direction. As for the other tree, fothr bäwzö, it is marked by a \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} (the morpheme ___ `here'), a \isi{proximal} \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} (zyé `it is here') and another \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} in the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zbafa `from here').\footnote{Both deictics bobafa and zbafa are doubly ablative, i.e. boba is already ablative and contrasts with allative bobo. This is the only example in the corpus of doubly marked deictics.}
A: word: gn-ä-kuk	 gloss: SSG.BET.IMP-NDU-stand.RS
B: word: nzä	 gloss: FSG.ABS
C: word: z-a-math-o-∅	 gloss: M.GAM-NDU-run.RS-ANDAT-SG
D: word: zä	 gloss: PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bä ane mni bäwzö b=y-kogr-o zä \stem{yé} z=\stem{yé} fothr ___ boba=fa mni bäwzö.
Gloss (with missing item): MED DEM fire bäwzö MED=TSG.MASC.ALPH-stand.NDU-ANDAT PROX TSG.MASC.COP.NDU PROX=TSG.MASC.COP.NDU fothr ___ MED.ABL=ABL fire bäwzö.
The English translation of this sentence is:`There, mni bäwzö is standing there. From here it is fothr bäwzö and from there (it is) mni bäwzö.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Naturally, \isi{deictic} markers are found mostly in situations where visual identification is important. Example (\ref{ex272}) is taken from a plant walk, where the speaker points out two different kinds of trees: mni bäwzö and fothr (sometimes called fothr bäwzö).\footnote{The words bäwzö and fothr are proper nouns. However, mni means `fire' and the name mni bäwzö `fire bäwzö' is used because the bark of this tree is hardened over the fire and later used for house walls.} In the recording, fothr bäwzö trees stood between the speaker and some mni bäwzö trees. Hence, the latter are marked as being further away and all \isi{deictic} markers are \isi{medial}: the \isi{deictic} (bä `there'), the \isi{proclitic} on the verb (bikogro `it stands there') and the \isi{deictic} in \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (bobafa `from there'). Note that the verb is also inflected with an \isi{andative} suffix because more trees of the mni bäwzö kind were growing in that direction. As for the other tree, fothr bäwzö, it is marked by a \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} (zä `here'), a \isi{proximal} \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} (zyé `it is here') and another \isi{proximal} \isi{deictic} in the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zbafa `from here').\footnote{Both deictics bobafa and zbafa are doubly ablative, i.e. boba is already ablative and contrasts with allative bobo. This is the only example in the corpus of doubly marked deictics.}
A: word: zba	 gloss: PROX.ABL
B: word: zba=fa	 gloss: PROX.ABL=ABL
C: word: kw-a-rä-r-é	 gloss: M.BETaone-VC.-do.EXT-LK-FSG
D: word: boba=fa	 gloss: MED.ABL=ABL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B