cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 161:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ane fof ya\stem{m}nzr ... fam nga\stem{rär} ... fafen ___ \stem{yé}.
Gloss (with missing item): Then DEM EMPH TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/sit ... thoughts STSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/do ... during ___ TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Well, that one is sitting ... he is thinking ... with his hands tied.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At the clausal level, the \isi{proprietive} can also attach to a nominalised verb. Example (\ref{ex348}) is the description of a picture card which depicts a prisoner sitting in his cell. Example (\ref{ex349}) comes from the same recording, when the prisoner is set free and handed back his belongings. These two examples presuppose some kind of result \textendash{} `has been tied' and `has been opened', respectively \textendash{} but the previous event remains implicit. For example, in (\ref{ex349}) the speaker draws attention to the fact that the door is open with the help of a \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} brä. If the instrumental \isi{case} was used instead (yafüsime), the result of the opening event would be emphasised.
A: word: wäth-si=karä	 gloss: tie-NMLZ=PROP
B: word: yafü-si=karä	 gloss: open-NMLZ=PROP
C: word: bor-si=karä	 gloss: laugh-NMLZ=PROP
D: word: mayawa=medbo	 gloss: mayawa=All.ANIM.NSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 162:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zrfö bana z se\stem{yafür}th ... zrfö ___ b=\stem{rä}.
Gloss (with missing item): door poor IAM STPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:IO:Rpst:PFV/open ... door ___ MED=TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They have already opened the door for the poor guy. There, the door is open!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At the clausal level, the \isi{proprietive} can also attach to a nominalised verb. Example (\ref{ex348}) is the description of a picture card which depicts a prisoner sitting in his cell. Example (\ref{ex349}) comes from the same recording, when the prisoner is set free and handed back his belongings. These two examples presuppose some kind of result \textendash{} `has been tied' and `has been opened', respectively \textendash{} but the previous event remains implicit. For example, in (\ref{ex349}) the speaker draws attention to the fact that the door is open with the help of a \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} brä. If the instrumental \isi{case} was used instead (yafüsime), the result of the opening event would be emphasised.
A: word: bor-si=karä	 gloss: laugh-NMLZ=PROP
B: word: badabada=medba	 gloss: ancestor=ABL.ANIM.NSG
C: word: trik-si=karä	 gloss: tell-NMLZ=PROP
D: word: yafü-si=karä	 gloss: open-NMLZ=PROP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 163:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zrfö bana z se\stem{yafür}th ... zrfö ___ b=\stem{rä}.
Gloss (with missing item): door poor IAM STPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:IO:Rpst:PFV/open ... door ___ MED=TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They have already opened the door for the poor guy. There, the door is open!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: At the clausal level, the \isi{proprietive} can also attach to a nominalised verb. Example (\ref{ex348}) is the description of a picture card which depicts a prisoner sitting in his cell. Example (\ref{ex349}) comes from the same recording, when the prisoner is set free and handed back his belongings. These two examples presuppose some kind of result \textendash{} `has been tied' and `has been opened', respectively \textendash{} but the previous event remains implicit. For example, in (\ref{ex349}) the speaker draws attention to the fact that the door is open with the help of a \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} brä. If the instrumental \isi{case} was used instead (yafüsime), the result of the opening event would be emphasised.
A: word: tüfr-kak	 gloss: plenty-DISTR
B: word: bor-si=karä	 gloss: laugh-NMLZ=PROP
C: word: trik-si=karä	 gloss: tell-NMLZ=PROP
D: word: yafü-si=karä	 gloss: open-NMLZ=PROP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 164:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): frasi kwa n\stem{rä} ___ fthé gn\stem{rä}ré.
Gloss (with missing item): hunger FUT SSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ when SSG:SBJ:IMP:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You will be hungry, if you don't have a row (of yams in the garden).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: ŋanz=märe	 gloss: row=PRIV
B: word: ŋafe=ä=sü	 gloss: father=ASSOC.Pl=ETC
C: word: nabi=märe	 gloss: bow=PRIV
D: word: zokwasi=mär	 gloss: word=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 165:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sitau bagi fi za\stem{bth}ath ___ ... bäi=nzo nge=karä ya\stem{r}a fof.
Gloss (with missing item): sitau bagi Third.ABS STPL:SBJ:PST:PFV/finish ___ ... bäi=ONLY child=PROP TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sitau and Bagi, they died without children ... only Bäi had children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: zokwasi=mär	 gloss: word=PRIV
B: word: ane	 gloss: DEM
C: word: yame=märe	 gloss: mat=PRIV
D: word: nge=mär	 gloss: child=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 166:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sitau bagi fi za\stem{bth}ath nge=mär ... bäi=nzo ___ ya\stem{r}a fof.
Gloss (with missing item): sitau bagi Third.ABS STPL:SBJ:PST:PFV/finish child=PRIV ... bäi=ONLY ___ TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sitau and Bagi, they died without children ... only Bäi had children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: nafanm	 gloss: TNSG.POSS
B: word: yf=karä	 gloss: name=PROP
C: word: zane=karä=sü	 gloss: DEM:PROX=PROP=ETC
D: word: nge=karä	 gloss: child=PROP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 167:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wo\stem{rä} ... mrn ŋarake miyo=märe.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ FSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ... clan garden desire=PRIV.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I don't want to make a family/clan garden (anymore).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: yawi-yawi=me	 gloss: REDUP-seed=INS
B: word: miyo	 gloss: desire
C: word: miyo=mär	 gloss: desire=PRIV
D: word: miyo=märe	 gloss: desire=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 168:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sitau bagi fi za\stem{bth}ath ___ ... bäi=nzo nge=karä ya\stem{r}a fof.
Gloss (with missing item): sitau bagi Third.ABS STPL:SBJ:PST:PFV/finish ___ ... bäi=ONLY child=PROP TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sitau and Bagi, they died without children ... only Bäi had children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: zokwasi=mär	 gloss: word=PRIV
B: word: no=karä	 gloss: water=PROP
C: word: yame=märe	 gloss: mat=PRIV
D: word: nge=mär	 gloss: child=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 169:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sitau bagi fi za\stem{bth}ath nge=mär ... bäi=nzo ___ ya\stem{r}a fof.
Gloss (with missing item): sitau bagi Third.ABS STPL:SBJ:PST:PFV/finish child=PRIV ... bäi=ONLY ___ TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sitau and Bagi, they died without children ... only Bäi had children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: nge=karä	 gloss: child=PROP
B: word: yf=karä	 gloss: name=PROP
C: word: fam=ä	 gloss: thought=ASSOC
D: word: zane=karä=sü	 gloss: DEM:PROX=PROP=ETC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 170:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): frasi kwa n\stem{rä} ___ fthé gn\stem{rä}ré.
Gloss (with missing item): hunger FUT SSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ when SSG:SBJ:IMP:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`You will be hungry, if you don't have a row (of yams in the garden).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: thari-si=ane	 gloss: dig-NMLZ=POSS.SG
B: word: ŋanz=märe	 gloss: row=PRIV
C: word: zokwasi=mär	 gloss: word=PRIV
D: word: nabi=märe	 gloss: bow=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 171:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wo\stem{rä} ... mrn ŋarake miyo=märe.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ FSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ... clan garden desire=PRIV.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I don't want to make a family/clan garden (anymore).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{privative} \isi{case} =mär or =märe expresses the opposite of the \isi{proprietive}. It is used to indicate that some entity lacks something (\ref{ex354}), someone (\ref{ex353}) or some quality (\ref{ex355}). The \isi{privative} operates usally at the clausal level. Like the \isi{proprietive} \isi{case}, it can establish a semantic link between two noun phrases, but the two noun phrases do not form a syntactic constituent. In example (\ref{ex353}), the speaker talks about older lineages of his clan. The example contrasts the \isi{proprietive} and the \isi{privative} \isi{case}. The absence (ngemär) or existence (ngekarä) marked on nge `child' relates those noun phrases to fi `they' and bäi, respectively. In the following examples (\ref{ex354} and \ref{ex355}), the noun phrase to which the privative-marked noun phrase links is omitted.
A: word: miyo	 gloss: desire
B: word: miyo=mär	 gloss: desire=PRIV
C: word: mizi=dben	 gloss: pastor=LOC.ANIM.SG
D: word: miyo=märe	 gloss: desire=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 172:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): naf nima keke fi ___ e\stem{rä} fofosa mä \stem{rä}.
Gloss (with missing item): TSG.ERG Quot NEG Third.ABS ___ STPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be heart where TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`He said ``No, they do not know where the heart is.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There is one lexeme where the \isi{privative} \isi{case} has become lexicalised. The property noun miyatha `knowledge' or `knowledgeable' is used in constructions expressing a positive epistemic state; usually of the structure miyatha worä `I know', literally: `I am with knowledge' or `I am knowledgeable'. The negation of this statement is most commonly done by using the property noun the morpheme ___ `ignorance' or `its gloss ___', which contains miya and an element mr. The latter is a reduced and lexicalised form of the \isi{privative} \isi{case} marker =mär. We can see this in example (\ref{ex356}), which comes from a myth where two brothers are trying to kill a creature by shooting an arrow into its heart.
A: word: miyamr	 gloss: ignorant
B: word: wawa=ma	 gloss: yam=CHAR
C: word: maf	 gloss: who.ERG
D: word: miyatha	 gloss: knowledge
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 173:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fath wä\stem{fiyok}wath neba wazi neba wazi ... frisman fi garda=karä ___ nabi=ä ... bara kwa\stem{rafi}nzrmth ... nümgar=ma.
Gloss (with missing item): clearing STPL:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/make opposite side opposite side ... policeman Third.ABS canoe=PROP ___ bow=ASSOC ... paddle STPL:SBJ:PST:DUR/paddle ... crocodile=CHAR.
The English translation of this sentence is:`They cleared the place along both sides ... the policemen with canoes and shotguns ... they were paddling because of crocodiles.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The associative case can operate at the clausal level (\ref{ex337}) or at the interclausal level (\ref{ex336}). Example (\ref{ex336}) is taken from a storyboard picture task where the speaker describes one of the pictures as part of a narration. The \isi{associative} is attached to the nominalised verb thweksi `rejoice' which acts as an infinitival adjunct.
A: word: markai	 gloss: white.man
B: word: markai=aneme	 gloss: outsider=POSS.NSG
C: word: yafü-si=karä	 gloss: open-NMLZ=PROP
D: word: mayawa=medbo	 gloss: mayawa=All.ANIM.NSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A