cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ŋafe=f ___ kwa nm en\stem{zä}nzr.
Gloss (with missing item): father=ERG.SG ___ FUT maybe STSG:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/carry.
The English translation of this sentence is:`What might the father be carrying?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-cutting the division of \isi{nominal}s is the subclass of interrogatives. These are roots used to indicate that the speaker does not know the (full) identity of a referent. Interrogatives belong to the following \isi{nominal} subclasses: pronouns (the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___', mä `where', mane `who, which', rma `why, for its gloss ___'), quantifiers (rnzam `how many'), tempothe morpheme ___ls (rthé `when') or interrogative adverbs (mon `how'). The degree to which these can be marked for case varies. Interrogatives may constitute a full \isi{noun phthe morpheme ___se} (\ref{ex507}) or fill the \isi{determiner} slot (\ref{ex508}) of a noun phthe morpheme ___se. In the following examples NPs are enclosed by square bthe morpheme ___ckets.
A: word: ra	 gloss: what
B: word: bramöwä	 gloss: all
C: word: wimäs=en	 gloss: mango.tree=LOC
D: word: garamgaram	 gloss: sweet.talk
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): eh ___ gru zane] ŋa\stem{mitwa}nzr nabi tuti=n.
Gloss (with missing item): eh ___ shooting.star DEM:PROX STSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/swing bamboo branch=LOC.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Hey, what shooting star is swinging here on the bamboo branch?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Cross-cutting the division of \isi{nominal}s is the subclass of interrogatives. These are roots used to indicate that the speaker does not know the (full) identity of a referent. Interrogatives belong to the following \isi{nominal} subclasses: pronouns (the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___', mä `where', mane `who, which', rma `why, for its gloss ___'), quantifiers (rnzam `how many'), tempothe morpheme ___ls (rthé `when') or interrogative adverbs (mon `how'). The degree to which these can be marked for case varies. Interrogatives may constitute a full \isi{noun phthe morpheme ___se} (\ref{ex507}) or fill the \isi{determiner} slot (\ref{ex508}) of a noun phthe morpheme ___se. In the following examples NPs are enclosed by square bthe morpheme ___ckets.
A: word: komnzo	 gloss: only
B: word: ŋars=en=nzo	 gloss: river=LOC=ONLY
C: word: ra	 gloss: what
D: word: bramöwä	 gloss: all
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): highway kwa w\stem{thayfak}wé fi ___ ... ysokwr=en.
Gloss (with missing item): road FUT FSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/bring.out but ___ ... rainy.season=LOC.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I will bring (the garden) up to the road, but when ... in which year (will I get there)?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other interrogatives show a behaviour that aligns them with their respective \isi{nominal} subclass. The \isi{temporal} \isi{interrogative} rthé `when' may be marked for \isi{temporal} \isi{case}, for example rthéthamane `of what time' in (\ref{ex086}), where the speaker explains that he will move his garden plot closer to the road each year.
A: word: rthé=thamane	 gloss: when=TEMP.POSS
B: word: fthé=thamane	 gloss: when=TEMP.POSS
C: word: ktkt=me	 gloss: narrow=INS
D: word: zena=thamane	 gloss: today=TEMP.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bä ___ miyatha zä\stem{kor} komnzo fi nima=wä miyatha zf\stem{rä}rm ... komnzo zokwasi.
Gloss (with missing item): Second.ABS ___ knowledge STSG:SBJ:Rpst:PFV/become komnzo Third.ABS like=EMPH knowledge TSGF:SBJ:PST:DUR/be ... komnzo language.
The English translation of this sentence is:`How you have learned Komnzo, she also knew it ... the Komnzo language.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{interrogative} \isi{adverb} mon `how' frequently occurs with an instrumental \isi{case} (=me). This is entirely optional and does not change its meaning (\ref{ex087}). Mon or monme are the interrogative counterpart to the manner demonstrative nima `this way' (\S\ref{manner-demonstrative-subsec}).
A: word: mon=me	 gloss: how=INS
B: word: katan=me	 gloss: small=INS
C: word: mane=me	 gloss: which=INS
D: word: kabe	 gloss: man
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ thzé kre\stem{kar}th ... asar kabe o tabuthui kabe ... neba thra\stem{kogr} kre\stem{kar}th bäne ... tauri woku.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ ever STPL:SBJ:IRR:PFV/pull ... four man or five man ... opposite STPL:SBJ:IRR:STAT/stand STPL:SBJ:IRR:PFV/pull Recog.ABS ... wallaby skin.
The English translation of this sentence is:`However many will pull ... four or five people? They will stand opposite and pull that one ... the wallaby skin.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{interrogative} \isi{quantifier} rnzam `how many, how much' occurs with a \isi{nominal} \isi{head}. It is possible for rnzam to be marked for case if it follows its \isi{head}. However, there are no occurrences of this in the corpus. (\ref{ex088}) shows an example where the \isi{nominal} \isi{head} (kabe `man') has been elided and consequently rnzam is flagged with the \isi{ergative} \isi{case}. In the example, the speaker explains how a piece of wallaby skin is glued onto a kundu drum.
A: word: kafar=é	 gloss: big=ERG.NSG
B: word: fam=é	 gloss: thought=ERG.NSG
C: word: näbi	 gloss: one
D: word: rnzam=é	 gloss: how.many=ERG.NSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ane ___ kayé thrä\stem{kor}th ft kabe.
Gloss (with missing item): well DEM ___ yesterday STPL:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:IRR:PFV/say ft people.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Sometimes they call those ones ``ft people''.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Like the demonstratives ({\S}\ref{demonstratives-sec}), the \isi{indefinite} the morpheme ___ can stand alone and take a subset of \isi{case} clitics. These are the \isi{instrumental} (the morpheme ___me `with some other'), \isi{characteristic} (the morpheme ___ma `because of some other'), \isi{purposive} (the morpheme ___mr `for some other'), \isi{proprietive} (the morpheme ___karä `with some other'). More commonly the morpheme ___ functions as an \isi{indefinite} \isi{determiner}, as in the morpheme ___ kar `some, other place' \rightarrow `somewhere' or the morpheme ___ rokar `some, other stuff' \rightarrow `something' or the morpheme ___ kayé `some yesterday\textbar{}tomorrow' \rightarrow `sometime'. This can be extended to the morpheme ___ kabe `some, another man' \rightarrow `someone'. Two examples of the determiner use are given in (\ref{ex720}) and (\ref{ex500}). In the first example, the speaker just explained that it is possible to `borrow a sister' for exchange marriage from a clan, with whom one shares a land boundary. In the second example, he talks about tall posts, which were used to show off a clan's success in competitive yam cultivation.
A: word: wotu-wotu	 gloss: REDUP-stick
B: word: nä	 gloss: INDF
C: word: etha=ma	 gloss: three=CHAR
D: word: näbi-kak=me	 gloss: one-DISTR=INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): masu mane \stem{rä}ra ___ far fä y\stem{räs}thgra.
Gloss (with missing item): masu which TSG.F:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be ___ post DIST TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:STAT/be.erected.
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for Masu, there was another post planted over there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Like the demonstratives ({\S}\ref{demonstratives-sec}), the \isi{indefinite} the morpheme ___ can stand alone and take a subset of \isi{case} clitics. These are the \isi{instrumental} (the morpheme ___me `with some other'), \isi{characteristic} (the morpheme ___ma `because of some other'), \isi{purposive} (the morpheme ___mr `for some other'), \isi{proprietive} (the morpheme ___karä `with some other'). More commonly the morpheme ___ functions as an \isi{indefinite} \isi{determiner}, as in the morpheme ___ kar `some, other place' \rightarrow `somewhere' or the morpheme ___ rokar `some, other stuff' \rightarrow `something' or the morpheme ___ kayé `some yesterday\textbar{}tomorrow' \rightarrow `sometime'. This can be extended to the morpheme ___ kabe `some, another man' \rightarrow `someone'. Two examples of the determiner use are given in (\ref{ex720}) and (\ref{ex500}). In the first example, the speaker just explained that it is possible to `borrow a sister' for exchange marriage from a clan, with whom one shares a land boundary. In the second example, he talks about tall posts, which were used to show off a clan's success in competitive yam cultivation.
A: word: ymd	 gloss: bird
B: word: nä	 gloss: INDF
C: word: näbi-kak=me	 gloss: one-DISTR=INS
D: word: zbo	 gloss: PROX.All
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zokwasi=mär ŋa\stem{fiyok}wa ... ___ nä zokwasi.
Gloss (with missing item): word=PRIV STSG:SBJ:PST:IPFV/make ... ___ INDF words.
The English translation of this sentence is:`He was speechless ... no words whatsoever'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negative indefinites are expressed by adding the \isi{negator} the morpheme ___. Thus, nä zokwasi means `some words', but if negated by the morpheme ___ it expresses `no words whatsoever'. This is the way how the speaker describes the shameful reaction of one of the characters in (\ref{ex501}).
A: word: naf	 gloss: TSG.ERG
B: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
C: word: ŋarake=r	 gloss: fence=PURP
D: word: znsä-znsä=r	 gloss: REDUP-work=PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ mane nä yan\stem{yak}a keräfi fumak-si=r fof.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ who INDF TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV:VENIT/walk arrow pull.out-NMLZ=PURP EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Nobody came to pull out that arrow.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negative indefinites can also be constructed with interrogatives. This is a strategy attested in many languages (\citealt{Haspelmath:1997indefinite}, \citealt{wals-115}). Thus, the concept of `nobody' can be expressed by kabe nä the morpheme ___ (lit. `people some not') or with an \isi{interrogative}, for example mane nä the morpheme ___ (lit. `who some not'). The order of elements is somewhat fixed in that the \isi{indefinite} always follows the \isi{interrogative}. In example (\ref{ex697}), the speaker describes a ritual, whereby an arrow is shot into a tree trunk to mark a particular woman for marriage.
A: word: ŋarake=r	 gloss: fence=PURP
B: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
C: word: naf	 gloss: TSG.ERG
D: word: thrma=thamar	 gloss: later=TEMP.PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zwä\stem{rifthm}o ... ___ miyatha keke nä ... keke ra nä miyatha thf\stem{ko}nzrm fi=nzo miyatha zf\stem{rä}rm.
Gloss (with missing item): SG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:Rpst:PFV:ANDAT/hide ... ___ knowledge NEG INDF ... NEG what INDF kowledgeable STSG:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:PST:DUR/become Third.ABS=ONLY knowledge TSG.F:SBJ:PST:DUR/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She hid away (the fire) ... no one knew ... she told them nothing. Only she knew.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example (\ref{ex719}), the speaker talks about tütü `Pheasant Coucal', who was the guardian of fire before its gloss ___ knew about its existence. The first token of nä has scope over the morpheme ___ miyatha (`its gloss ___ knowledge') and literally means `no its gloss ___'s knowledge whatsoever'. The second token of nä is with the interrogative ra (what.{\Abs}) and literally means `she made them knowledgeable about nothing'.
A: word: kabe	 gloss: people
B: word: mifne=n	 gloss: mifne=LOC
C: word: t-trik-si	 gloss: REDUP-tell-NMLZ
D: word: kabe=é	 gloss: people=ERG.NSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zwä\stem{rifthm}o ... kabe miyatha keke nä ... ___ ra nä miyatha thf\stem{ko}nzrm fi=nzo miyatha zf\stem{rä}rm.
Gloss (with missing item): SG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:Rpst:PFV:ANDAT/hide ... people knowledge NEG INDF ... ___ what INDF kowledgeable STSG:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:PST:DUR/become Third.ABS=ONLY knowledge TSG.F:SBJ:PST:DUR/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`She hid away (the fire) ... no one knew ... she told them nothing. Only she knew.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In example (\ref{ex719}), the speaker talks about tütü `Pheasant Coucal', who was the guardian of fire before people knew about its existence. The first token of nä has scope over kabe miyatha (`people knowledge') and literally means `no people's knowledge whatsoever'. The second token of nä is with the interrogative ra (what.{\Abs}) and literally means `she made them knowledgeable about nothing'.
A: word: naf	 gloss: TSG.ERG
B: word: banban=en	 gloss: underneath=LOC
C: word: ŋarake=r	 gloss: fence=PURP
D: word: keke	 gloss: NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ thzé kre\stem{kar}th ... asar kabe o tabuthui kabe ... neba thra\stem{kogr} kre\stem{kar}th bäne ... tauri woku.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ ever STPL:SBJ:IRR:PFV/pull ... four man or five man ... opposite STPL:SBJ:IRR:STAT/stand STPL:SBJ:IRR:PFV/pull Recog.ABS ... wallaby skin.
The English translation of this sentence is:`However many will pull ... four or five people? They will stand opposite and pull that one ... the wallaby skin.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Positive indefinites are expressed without the use of nä. Instead, the \isi{particle} thzé `ever' is postposed to an \isi{interrogative}, resulting in ra thzé `whatever', mane thzé `whoever, whichever'. An example with rnzam `how many' was shown in (\ref{ex088}). An example with maf `who' is given in (\ref{ex089}), where the speaker has just shown be a particular, but then leaves it on the path.
A: word: fam=é	 gloss: thought=ERG.NSG
B: word: rnzam=é	 gloss: how.many=ERG.NSG
C: word: thrma=fa	 gloss: after=ABL
D: word: kafar=é	 gloss: big=ERG.NSG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zbo kwa srä\stem{zin}e ___ thzé sre\stem{wakuth}.
Gloss (with missing item): PROX.All FUT FPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:IRR:PFV/put.down ___ ever STSG:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:IRR:PFV/pick.up.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We will put it down here (for) whoever will pick it up.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Positive indefinites are expressed without the use of nä. Instead, the \isi{particle} thzé `ever' is postposed to an \isi{interrogative}, resulting in ra thzé `whatever', mane thzé `whoever, whichever'. An example with rnzam `how many' was shown in (\ref{ex088}). An example with the morpheme ___ `who' is given in (\ref{ex089}), where the speaker has just shown be a particular, but then leaves it on the path.
A: word: mafa	 gloss: who.ERG.NSG
B: word: mafa=dben	 gloss: who=LOC.ANIM.SG
C: word: mon=me	 gloss: how=INS
D: word: maf	 gloss: who.ERG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 68:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): moba ___ nm nz=yan\stem{yak}.
Gloss (with missing item): where.ABL ___ maybe IMMpst=TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Where might this (man) have come from?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives can be used pronominally (\ref{ex061}) or adnominally (\ref{ex060}).
A: word: zirkn	 gloss: persistence
B: word: zane=me	 gloss: DEM:PROX=INS
C: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
D: word: thrma=thamar	 gloss: later=TEMP.PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ namä ezi mrmr=en nzä kwa trik-si ŋa\stem{trik}wé.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ good morning inside=LOC FSG.ABS FUT tell-NMLZ FSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/tell.
The English translation of this sentence is:`In this beautiful morning, I will tell a story.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Demonstratives can be used pronominally (\ref{ex061}) or adnominally (\ref{ex060}).
A: word: zane=me	 gloss: DEM:PROX=INS
B: word: nge	 gloss: child
C: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
D: word: znsä	 gloss: work
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): arammba yare ___ zf ä\stem{fiyok}wre.
Gloss (with missing item): arammba bag ___ IMM FPL:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/make.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We make the \ili{Arammba} bags with this one right here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used pronominally, demonstratives serve as the host for a subset of the case clitics. The examples below show case marking with the \isi{instrumental} (\ref{ex064}), \isi{purposive} (\ref{ex062}), and \isi{characteristic} case (\ref{ex063}). Rarely, they occur with the \isi{proprietive} (\ref{ex096}), and there are no corpus examples with the \isi{privative} case. Demonstratives are not marked for other cases, but they can take other \isi{nominal} morphology like the \isi{exclusive} \isi{clitic} =nzo or the \isi{emphatic} \isi{clitic} =wä.
A: word: zane=me	 gloss: DEM:PROX=INS
B: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
C: word: ezi=thamar	 gloss: morning=TEMP.PURP
D: word: ane=me	 gloss: DEM=INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A