cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ kafar-kafar n\stem{rä} ... komnzo etha=nzo.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ REDUP-big FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ... only few=ONLY.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We are not many old people ... just a few.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note in passing that in (\ref{ex081})\footnote{\label{foot1}In example (\ref{ex081}) we can see that tüfr `plenty' precedes the reduplicated adjective kafarkafar `big'. The example is interpreted to have an elided noun kabe `man' as its head, thus kafarkafar means `the big ones'. This then constitutes a corpus example of a quantifier preceding its head.} the \isi{quantifier} tüfr `plenty' is negated by using the \isi{privative} case =mär. This is also possible with etha.
A: word: tüfr=märe	 gloss: plenty=PRIV
B: word: watik-thé=mär	 gloss: enough-Adlzr=PRIV
C: word: kafar=é	 gloss: big=ERG.NSG
D: word: tüfr=mär	 gloss: plenty=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 41:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ kafar-kafar n\stem{rä} ... komnzo etha=nzo.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ REDUP-big FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ... only few=ONLY.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We are not many old people ... just a few.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Beyond the observation of cultural practices, evidence for this double system comes from the lexical items themselves. In everyday counting, the words for `two' and `three' are eda and etha. In ritualised counting, the words are yda and ytho respectively. The latter pair reflects older forms which have not undergone the loss of word-initial y. This sound change (jə > e /#_) is attested in many pairs of lexical items between Komnzo and the neighbouring \ili{Tonda} varieties, e.g. \ili{Wära} ymoth `girl' corresponds to Komnzo emoth. Another piece of evidence comes from the fact that the numeral etha `three' can also mean `a few' (\ref{ex081}). I take this as evidence for the fuzzy upper limit of the restricted set.
A: word: nima	 gloss: Quot
B: word: watik-thé=mär	 gloss: enough-Adlzr=PRIV
C: word: tüfr=mär	 gloss: plenty=PRIV
D: word: tüfr=märe	 gloss: plenty=PRIV
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 42:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nä kabe ___ ... fi=nzo miyatha thf\stem{rä}rm fof.
Gloss (with missing item): some men ___ ... Third.ABS=ONLY knowledge STPL:SBJ:PST:DUR/be EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Only some people for themselves ... only they held that knowledge.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Numerals can take the same morphology as quantifiers ({\S}\ref{quantifiers-subsec}). There are no corpus examples of a numeral taking either the \isi{distributive} suffix or the instrumental \isi{case} clitic, but example (\ref{ex082}) illustrates the use of both. I was taught the phrase näbikakme käznob! `drink it one by one!' before I administered pain relief tablets to my friends and informants. I was corrected whenever I falsely used only the instrumental näbime käznob, which means `drink it in one go!' (lit. `with one').
A: word: f-frü-kak=me=nzo	 gloss: REDUP-single-DISTR=INS=ONLY
B: word: näbi-kak=me	 gloss: one-DISTR=INS
C: word: näbi-kak=me=nzo	 gloss: one-DISTR=INS=ONLY
D: word: etha=ma	 gloss: three=CHAR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 43:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fi srak-srak woku-thé ya\stem{r}a ___ mane ya\stem{r}a.
Gloss (with missing item): Third.ABS REDUP-boy skin-Adlzr TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be ___ which TSG.MASC:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for the third one, he looked a bit boyish.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ordinal numerals can be derived from cardinal numerals by attaching the \isi{characteristic} \isi{case} marker =ma. This is shown in examples (\ref{ex083}) and (\ref{ex084}).
A: word: gathagatha=me=nzo	 gloss: bad=INS=ONLY
B: word: frasi	 gloss: hunger
C: word: zokwasi=ma	 gloss: language=CHAR
D: word: etha=ma	 gloss: three=CHAR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ bäne mane zra\stem{rä} fof ... w\stem{fath}wr ane fof.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ Recog which TSG.F:SBJ:IRR:IPFV/be EMPH ... STSG:SBJ>TSGF:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/hold DEM EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`At the third attempt she will really hold her up.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ordinal numerals can be derived from cardinal numerals by attaching the \isi{characteristic} \isi{case} marker =ma. This is shown in examples (\ref{ex083}) and (\ref{ex084}).
A: word: gathagatha=me=nzo	 gloss: bad=INS=ONLY
B: word: zokwasi=ma	 gloss: language=CHAR
C: word: etha=ma	 gloss: three=CHAR
D: word: znsä-znsä=r	 gloss: REDUP-work=PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati fi ___ zä\stem{brim}a zbo ya\stem{m}nzr ane woga ote=n.
Gloss (with missing item): then Third.ABS ___ SG:SBJ:PST:PFV/return PROX.All TSGMASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/dwell DEM man ote=LOC.
The English translation of this sentence is:`He returned for good. This man now lives here in Ote.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The numeral the morpheme ___ `its gloss ___' can be used in the sense of `its gloss ___ way' or `for good'. The latter meaning is exemplified in (\ref{ex085}).
A: word: zöbthé	 gloss: first
B: word: näbi	 gloss: one
C: word: brbr=f	 gloss: spirit=ERG.SG
D: word: näbi-kak=me	 gloss: one-DISTR=INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fi fthé fof duga taga ___ boba kwa\stem{thar}wrmth fof.
Gloss (with missing item): TSG.ABS when EMPH taro leaf ___ MED.ABL STPL:SBJ:PST:DUR/go.underneath EMPH.
The English translation of this sentence is:`That was really when they went underneath the taro leaves.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Locationals occur always as modifiers which follow the \isi{head} of the noun phrase. A typical example is provided in (\ref{ex051}) with banban `underneath'. The speaker describes how people reacted when the Imperial Japanese Air Service flew attacks on Merauke in Dutch New Guinea during the Second World War.
A: word: ane	 gloss: DEM
B: word: mrmr=en	 gloss: inside=LOC
C: word: banban=en	 gloss: underneath=LOC
D: word: wämn=en	 gloss: tree=LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nze thä\stem{kor}a fefe \stem{yé} ___ ezi n kwot srä\stem{frm}nze.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ERG FSG:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:PST:PFV/speak really TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ morning try properly FPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:IRR:IPFV/prepare.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I told them: ``It is there for the morning. We will try and prepare it in the morning.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The uniting characteristic of this class is its ability to inflect for \isi{temporal} \isi{case}s. There are three \isi{temporal} cases in Komnzo: the \isi{temporal} \isi{locative} (=thamen) `at that time', the \isi{temporal} \isi{possessive} (=thamane) `that time's', and the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} (=thamar) `for that time'. Temporal cases are discussed in {\S}\ref{temporalcase}. In the following examples, the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} \isi{case} is used on the noun ezi (\ref{ex057}), on the time adverbial nama and the \ili{English} \isi{loanword} `Friday' (\ref{ex055}), and on the \isi{temporal} adjective thrma (\ref{ex058}). In (\ref{ex057}), the speaker tells his friends to leave the work on a sago palm for the next day. In (\ref{ex055}), the speaker begins his description of a namesake ceremony which is about to be held two days later. Finally, in (\ref{ex058}), two speakers go through a set of stimulus pictures and try to sort them into a narrative.
A: word: warfo	 gloss: above
B: word: wri	 gloss: intoxication
C: word: zizi=thamar	 gloss: afternoon=TEMP.PURP
D: word: ezi=thamar	 gloss: morning=TEMP.PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zane mane \stem{rä} ___ zane \stem{rä}.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PROX which TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ DEM:PROX TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for this one, this is for later.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The uniting characteristic of this class is its ability to inflect for \isi{temporal} \isi{case}s. There are three \isi{temporal} cases in Komnzo: the \isi{temporal} \isi{locative} (=thamen) `at that time', the \isi{temporal} \isi{possessive} (=thamane) `that time's', and the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} (=thamar) `for that time'. Temporal cases are discussed in {\S}\ref{temporalcase}. In the following examples, the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} \isi{case} is used on the noun ezi (\ref{ex057}), on the time adverbial nama and the \ili{English} \isi{loanword} `Friday' (\ref{ex055}), and on the \isi{temporal} adjective thrma (\ref{ex058}). In (\ref{ex057}), the speaker tells his friends to leave the work on a sago palm for the next day. In (\ref{ex055}), the speaker begins his description of a namesake ceremony which is about to be held two days later. Finally, in (\ref{ex058}), two speakers go through a set of stimulus pictures and try to sort them into a narrative.
A: word: zan=r=nzo	 gloss: fight=PURP=ONLY
B: word: nafa-ŋame=ane	 gloss: Third.POSS-mother=POSS.SG
C: word: zizi=thamar	 gloss: afternoon=TEMP.PURP
D: word: thrma=thamar	 gloss: later=TEMP.PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nze thä\stem{kor}a fefe \stem{yé} ___ ezi n kwot srä\stem{frm}nze.
Gloss (with missing item): FSG.ERG FSG:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:PST:PFV/speak really TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ morning try properly FPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:IRR:IPFV/prepare.
The English translation of this sentence is:`I told them: ``It is there for the morning. We will try and prepare it in the morning.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The uniting characteristic of this class is its ability to inflect for \isi{temporal} \isi{case}s. There are three \isi{temporal} cases in Komnzo: the \isi{temporal} \isi{locative} (=thamen) `at that time', the \isi{temporal} \isi{possessive} (=thamane) `that time's', and the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} (=thamar) `for that time'. Temporal cases are discussed in {\S}\ref{temporalcase}. In the following examples, the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} \isi{case} is used on the noun ezi (\ref{ex057}), on the time adverbial nama and the \ili{English} \isi{loanword} `Friday' (\ref{ex055}), and on the \isi{temporal} adjective thrma (\ref{ex058}). In (\ref{ex057}), the speaker tells his friends to leave the work on a sago palm for the next day. In (\ref{ex055}), the speaker begins his description of a namesake ceremony which is about to be held two days later. Finally, in (\ref{ex058}), two speakers go through a set of stimulus pictures and try to sort them into a narrative.
A: word: zizi=thamar	 gloss: afternoon=TEMP.PURP
B: word: maf	 gloss: who.ERG
C: word: tekmär	 gloss: duration=PRIV
D: word: ezi=thamar	 gloss: morning=TEMP.PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zane mane \stem{rä} ___ zane \stem{rä}.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PROX which TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ DEM:PROX TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`As for this one, this is for later.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The uniting characteristic of this class is its ability to inflect for \isi{temporal} \isi{case}s. There are three \isi{temporal} cases in Komnzo: the \isi{temporal} \isi{locative} (=thamen) `at that time', the \isi{temporal} \isi{possessive} (=thamane) `that time's', and the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} (=thamar) `for that time'. Temporal cases are discussed in {\S}\ref{temporalcase}. In the following examples, the \isi{temporal} \isi{purposive} \isi{case} is used on the noun ezi (\ref{ex057}), on the time adverbial nama and the \ili{English} \isi{loanword} `Friday' (\ref{ex055}), and on the \isi{temporal} adjective thrma (\ref{ex058}). In (\ref{ex057}), the speaker tells his friends to leave the work on a sago palm for the next day. In (\ref{ex055}), the speaker begins his description of a namesake ceremony which is about to be held two days later. Finally, in (\ref{ex058}), two speakers go through a set of stimulus pictures and try to sort them into a narrative.
A: word: zane=karä=sü	 gloss: DEM:PROX=PROP=ETC
B: word: zizi=thamar	 gloss: afternoon=TEMP.PURP
C: word: thrma=thamar	 gloss: later=TEMP.PURP
D: word: frü=me=nzo	 gloss: single=INS=ONLY
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): frasi=nzo nzwa\stem{m}nzrm ___ bobomr mor efoth.
Gloss (with missing item): hunger=ONLY FPL:SBJ:PST:DUR/dwell ___ until neck day.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We were staying very hungry from the morning until midday.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Temporals can also take spatial cases, as in (\ref{ex053}) with the \isi{temporal} \isi{noun} ezi `morning' and in (\ref{ex056}) with the time adverbial zena `now'. The three adjectives of this subclass may also take spatial cases when they are in the final position of a noun phrase, as in (\ref{ex059}). In all of these cases, what is otherwise spatial marking is extended to express \isi{temporal} semantics.
A: word: ezi=fa	 gloss: morning=ABL
B: word: thf-rä-rm	 gloss: STNSG.Betatwo-COP.NDU-DUR
C: word: ezi	 gloss: morning
D: word: ezi=thamar	 gloss: morning=TEMP.PURP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 52:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ___ ... ni tüfr nagayé kwa\stem{ko}nzre.
Gloss (with missing item): then ___ ... FNSG plenty children FPL:SBJ:Rpst:IPFV/become.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Nowadays, we, the children, have become plenty.' (lit. `From now on ...')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Temporals can also take spatial cases, as in (\ref{ex053}) with the \isi{temporal} \isi{noun} ezi `morning' and in (\ref{ex056}) with the time adverbial zena `now'. The three adjectives of this subclass may also take spatial cases when they are in the final position of a noun phrase, as in (\ref{ex059}). In all of these cases, what is otherwise spatial marking is extended to express \isi{temporal} semantics.
A: word: zena=thamane	 gloss: today=TEMP.POSS
B: word: zena=fa	 gloss: today=ABL
C: word: bäne=fo	 gloss: Recog=All
D: word: ezi=fa	 gloss: morning=ABL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 53:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): twof-thé fthé kra\stem{fiyok}wr ane ___ zrän\stem{thor}e.
Gloss (with missing item): heat-Adlzr when STSG:SBJ:IRR:IPFV/make DEM ___ FPL:SBJ>TSG.F:IRR:PFV:VENIT/carry.
The English translation of this sentence is:`It has dried then. After that we bring it (the drum) here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Temporals can also take spatial cases, as in (\ref{ex053}) with the \isi{temporal} \isi{noun} ezi `morning' and in (\ref{ex056}) with the time adverbial zena `now'. The three adjectives of this subclass may also take spatial cases when they are in the final position of a noun phrase, as in (\ref{ex059}). In all of these cases, what is otherwise spatial marking is extended to express \isi{temporal} semantics.
A: word: zrin=fa	 gloss: problem=ABL
B: word: thrma=fa	 gloss: after=ABL
C: word: thrma=thamar	 gloss: later=TEMP.PURP
D: word: th-ä-zingrthm-a	 gloss: STNSG.GAM-VC.NDU-look.around.RS-PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 54:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zane namä ___ mrmr=en nzä kwa trik-si ŋa\stem{trik}wé.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PROX good ___ inside=LOC FSG.ABS FUT tell-NMLZ FSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/tell.
The English translation of this sentence is:`In this beautiful morning, I will tell a story.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Temporal nouns may also enter into a \isi{noun}+\isi{locational} construction (\ref{ex054}), again a \isi{temporal} interpretation of the \isi{locational}.
A: word: ezi=fa	 gloss: morning=ABL
B: word: ezi	 gloss: morning
C: word: ezi=thamar	 gloss: morning=TEMP.PURP
D: word: katan=me	 gloss: small=INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B