cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 71:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ebar fobo fof zä\stem{bth}a ___ zena z=n\stem{rä}.
Gloss (with missing item): head DIST.All EMPH STSG:SBJ:PST:PFV/finish ___ today PROX=FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.
The English translation of this sentence is:`From this time onwards, the head-hunting finished. For this (reason), we are here today.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used pronominally, demonstratives serve as the host for a subset of the case clitics. The examples below show case marking with the \isi{instrumental} (\ref{ex064}), \isi{purposive} (\ref{ex062}), and \isi{characteristic} case (\ref{ex063}). Rarely, they occur with the \isi{proprietive} (\ref{ex096}), and there are no corpus examples with the \isi{privative} case. Demonstratives are not marked for other cases, but they can take other \isi{nominal} morphology like the \isi{exclusive} \isi{clitic} =nzo or the \isi{emphatic} \isi{clitic} =wä.
A: word: zane=me	 gloss: DEM:PROX=INS
B: word: zane=mr	 gloss: DEM:PROX=PURP
C: word: ezi=fa	 gloss: morning=ABL
D: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 72:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nafanmedben keke znsä \stem{rä} ___ ŋa\stem{thwek}wrth ... yusi fath-si=ma=nzo.
Gloss (with missing item): TNSG.ANIM.LOC NEG work TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ___ STPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be.happy ... grass hold-NMLZ=CHAR=ONLY.
The English translation of this sentence is:`The (hard) work is not theirs (but ours). They are happy with doing just this ... just the weeding.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used pronominally, demonstratives serve as the host for a subset of the case clitics. The examples below show case marking with the \isi{instrumental} (\ref{ex064}), \isi{purposive} (\ref{ex062}), and \isi{characteristic} case (\ref{ex063}). Rarely, they occur with the \isi{proprietive} (\ref{ex096}), and there are no corpus examples with the \isi{privative} case. Demonstratives are not marked for other cases, but they can take other \isi{nominal} morphology like the \isi{exclusive} \isi{clitic} =nzo or the \isi{emphatic} \isi{clitic} =wä.
A: word: zane=nzo	 gloss: DEM:PROX=ONLY
B: word: kowi-a-fis=ane=ma=nzo	 gloss: kowi-POSS-husband=POSS.SG=CHAR=ONLY
C: word: masu=n	 gloss: masu=LOC
D: word: zane=ma=nzo	 gloss: DEM:PROX=CHAR=ONLY
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 73:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zane fthé keke sra\stem{rä} z=ya\stem{rä} keke kwa srä\stem{thor}th money=me ___ ane sra\stem{rä} kwot.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PROX when NEG TSG.MASC:IRR:IPFV/be PROX=TSG.MASC:IO:NONPAST:IPFV/be NEG FUT STPL:SBJ>TSG.MASC:OBJ:IRR:PFV/carry money=INS ___ DEM TSG.MASC:SBJ:IRR:IPFV/be properly.
The English translation of this sentence is:`If this (root) is not here, they won't buy it. Only with all of this will, they buy it.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: When used pronominally, demonstratives serve as the host for a subset of the case clitics. The examples below show case marking with the \isi{instrumental} (\ref{ex064}), \isi{purposive} (\ref{ex062}), and \isi{characteristic} case (\ref{ex063}). Rarely, they occur with the \isi{proprietive} (\ref{ex096}), and there are no corpus examples with the \isi{privative} case. Demonstratives are not marked for other cases, but they can take other \isi{nominal} morphology like the \isi{exclusive} \isi{clitic} =nzo or the \isi{emphatic} \isi{clitic} =wä.
A: word: kma=m	 gloss: Pot=Appr
B: word: zane=karä=sü	 gloss: DEM:PROX=PROP=ETC
C: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
D: word: bi=karä=sü	 gloss: sago=PROP=ETC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 74:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ane fath=nzo zf\stem{rä}rm ... wämne keke ... dödö=nzo ... dödö ___ ŋa\stem{ren}wre fath.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM clearing=ONLY TSG.F:SBJ:PST:DUR/be ... tree NEG ... dödö=ONLY ... dödö ___ FPL:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/sweep clearing..
The English translation of this sentence is:`It was a clear place ... no trees ... only dödö ... that dödö with which we sweep the place.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: What has been mentioned above about case marked demonstratives also holds for the \isi{interrogative} mane `who, which' in \tabref{demonstratives-table}. Like other interrogatives, it can be used as a relative \isi{pronoun}, and it can be marked for a subset of the \isi{case} clitics: \isi{absolutive} mane `who, which', \isi{characteristic} manema `because of which', \isi{instrumental} maneme `with which', and \isi{purposive} manemr `for which'.\footnote{The animate referents for cases other than the absolutive are expressed by the interrogatives in \tabref{interrogatives-table}.} An example with maneme is given in (\ref{ex502}).
A: word: srak-srak	 gloss: REDUP-boy
B: word: mane=me	 gloss: which=INS
C: word: ane=me	 gloss: DEM=INS
D: word: mon=me	 gloss: how=INS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 75:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): tauri=aneme moth ___ wn\stem{thn}.
Gloss (with missing item): wallaby=POSS.NSG path ___ TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/lie.down.
The English translation of this sentence is:`The wallabies' path lies here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \tabref{demonstratives-table} includes a column of adverbial demonstratives (e.g. the morpheme ___ `here') with a dedicated form for the \isi{allative} (zbo `hither') and the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zba `from here'). These are used for verbal modification, as in example (\ref{ex066}) with the morpheme ___ `here' and in example (\ref{ex065}) with foba `from there' and zbo `hither'.
A: word: zä	 gloss: PROX
B: word: nzä	 gloss: FSG.ABS
C: word: twof	 gloss: heat
D: word: nzone	 gloss: FSG.POSS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 76:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ane ___ ŋan\stem{monzikn}wr zbo wän\stem{yak} zane mnz zf w\stem{r}wr.
Gloss (with missing item): then DEM ___ STSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/prepare PROX.All TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk DEM:PROX house IMM STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/build.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, this (bird) prepares over there and she comes here to build her nest right here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \tabref{demonstratives-table} includes a column of adverbial demonstratives (e.g. zä `here') with a dedicated form for the \isi{allative} (zbo `hither') and the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zba `from here'). These are used for verbal modification, as in example (\ref{ex066}) with zä `here' and in example (\ref{ex065}) with the morpheme ___ `from there' and zbo `hither'.
A: word: boba	 gloss: MED.ABL
B: word: zba=fa	 gloss: PROX.ABL=ABL
C: word: ane	 gloss: DEM
D: word: foba	 gloss: DIST.ABL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 77:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ane foba ŋan\stem{monzikn}wr ___ wän\stem{yak} zane mnz zf w\stem{r}wr.
Gloss (with missing item): then DEM DIST.ABL STSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/prepare ___ TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk DEM:PROX house IMM STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/build.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, this (bird) prepares over there and she comes here to build her nest right here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \tabref{demonstratives-table} includes a column of adverbial demonstratives (e.g. zä `here') with a dedicated form for the \isi{allative} (the morpheme ___ `hither') and the \isi{ablative} \isi{case} (zba `from here'). These are used for verbal modification, as in example (\ref{ex066}) with zä `here' and in example (\ref{ex065}) with foba `from there' and the morpheme ___ `hither'.
A: word: zbo	 gloss: PROX.All
B: word: zba	 gloss: PROX.ABL
C: word: thari-si=ane	 gloss: dig-NMLZ=POSS.SG
D: word: zbomr	 gloss: until
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 78:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): fintäth ___ z=\stem{yé} ... yem=aneme dagon.
Gloss (with missing item): fintäth ___ PROX=TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be ... cassowary=POSS.NSG food.
The English translation of this sentence is:`This fintäth (fruit) here is the cassowaries' food.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{anaphoric} \isi{demonstrative} behaves in other respects like the \isi{demonstrative} pronouns and determiners ({\S}\ref{pronominal-demonstratives-subsec}). One exception is the agreement described in {\S}\ref{demonstrative-identifiers-subsec} between the \isi{demonstrative} in the main clause and the \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier}. Since the morpheme ___ has no spatial reference, it may combine with the \isi{proximal} and the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} as can be seen in example (\ref{ex092}) and (\ref{ex091}), respectively.
A: word: rthé=thamane	 gloss: when=TEMP.POSS
B: word: ane=me	 gloss: DEM=INS
C: word: ŋare=ane	 gloss: woman=POSS.SG
D: word: ane	 gloss: DEM
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 79:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): watik nge ___ ze\stem{far} b=\stem{yé} ruga moneg-si=r.
Gloss (with missing item): then child ___ STSG:SBJ:Rpst:PFV/set.off MED=TSG.MASC:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/be pig wait-NMLZ=PURP.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then the boy there set off to take care of the pig.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{anaphoric} \isi{demonstrative} behaves in other respects like the \isi{demonstrative} pronouns and determiners ({\S}\ref{pronominal-demonstratives-subsec}). One exception is the agreement described in {\S}\ref{demonstrative-identifiers-subsec} between the \isi{demonstrative} in the main clause and the \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier}. Since the morpheme ___ has no spatial reference, it may combine with the \isi{proximal} and the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative} \isi{identifier} as can be seen in example (\ref{ex092}) and (\ref{ex091}), respectively.
A: word: ane	 gloss: DEM
B: word: ŋare=ane	 gloss: woman=POSS.SG
C: word: ane=me	 gloss: DEM=INS
D: word: zane=ma=nzo	 gloss: DEM:PROX=CHAR=ONLY
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 80:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): arammba yare ___ zf ä\stem{fiyok}wre.
Gloss (with missing item): arammba bag ___ IMM FPL:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/make.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We make the \ili{Arammba} bags with this one right here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{immediate} \isi{demonstrative} zf is related to the proximate series on the basis of it sharing the first consonant. The \isi{immediate} adds a pragmatic component to the spatial function of demonstratives, in that it draws the addressee's attention to someone or something in close proximity. It is often accompanied by a pointing gesture. Therefore I translate zf as `right here' to \ili{English}. We have seen zf already in examples (\ref{ex064}), (\ref{ex065}) and (\ref{ex071}).
A: word: th-ä-zingrthm-a	 gloss: STNSG.GAM-VC.NDU-look.around.RS-PST
B: word: zane=me	 gloss: DEM:PROX=INS
C: word: ane=me	 gloss: DEM=INS
D: word: zane	 gloss: DEM:PROX
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 81:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ane ___ ŋan\stem{monzikn}wr zbo wän\stem{yak} zane mnz zf w\stem{r}wr.
Gloss (with missing item): then DEM ___ STSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/prepare PROX.All TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk DEM:PROX house IMM STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/build.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, this (bird) prepares over there and she comes here to build her nest right here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{immediate} \isi{demonstrative} zf is related to the proximate series on the basis of it sharing the first consonant. The \isi{immediate} adds a pragmatic component to the spatial function of demonstratives, in that it draws the addressee's attention to someone or something in close proximity. It is often accompanied by a pointing gesture. Therefore I translate zf as `right here' to \ili{English}. We have seen zf already in examples (\ref{ex064}), (\ref{ex065}) and (\ref{ex071}).
A: word: komnzo	 gloss: only
B: word: boba	 gloss: MED.ABL
C: word: foba	 gloss: DIST.ABL
D: word: zba=fa	 gloss: PROX.ABL=ABL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 82:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wati ane foba ŋan\stem{monzikn}wr ___ wän\stem{yak} zane mnz zf w\stem{r}wr.
Gloss (with missing item): then DEM DIST.ABL STSG:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/prepare ___ TSG.F:SBJ:NONPAST:IPFV:VENIT/walk DEM:PROX house IMM STSG:SBJ>TSG.F:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/build.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then, this (bird) prepares over there and she comes here to build her nest right here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{immediate} \isi{demonstrative} zf is related to the proximate series on the basis of it sharing the first consonant. The \isi{immediate} adds a pragmatic component to the spatial function of demonstratives, in that it draws the addressee's attention to someone or something in close proximity. It is often accompanied by a pointing gesture. Therefore I translate zf as `right here' to \ili{English}. We have seen zf already in examples (\ref{ex064}), (\ref{ex065}) and (\ref{ex071}).
A: word: zba	 gloss: PROX.ABL
B: word: zbomr	 gloss: until
C: word: zbo	 gloss: PROX.All
D: word: twof	 gloss: heat
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 83:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): zane ___ kwa e\stem{si}nzre zöbthé.
Gloss (with missing item): DEM:PROX ___ FUT FPL:SBJ>STPL:OBJ:NONPAST:IPFV/cook first.
The English translation of this sentence is:`We will cook these (yams) here first.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Zf is syntactically inert as it cannot be marked for \isi{case}. It occurs in preverbal position and only the TAM particles or the \isi{negator} may occur between the \isi{immediate} \isi{demonstrative} and the verb, as in example (\ref{ex072}).
A: word: zf	 gloss: IMM
B: word: afa=f	 gloss: father=ERG.SG
C: word: bäne=fo	 gloss: Recog=All
D: word: zfth	 gloss: base
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 84:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mabata fi mezü zwa\stem{m}nzrm ___ mezü \stem{rä}ra ... masen=ane mezü.
Gloss (with missing item): mabata Third.ABS widow TSGF:SBJ:PST:DUR/dwell ___ widow TSGF:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be ... masen=POSS.SG widow.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Mabata stayed as a widow. She was that one's widow ... Masen's widow.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Example (\ref{ex093}) is a first mention of a particular person in a narrative. Although not required, it is quite common for the speaker to fill in the `missing' referent after a short lapse. Thus, the phrase masenane mezü `Masen's widow' refers back to bafane mezü `that one's widow'.
A: word: maf=ane	 gloss: who=POSS
B: word: nima=me	 gloss: like.this=INS
C: word: baf=ane	 gloss: Recog=POSS.SG
D: word: bafane	 gloss: Recog.POSS.SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 85:
You are a linguist specializing in Komnzo. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mabata fi mezü zwa\stem{m}nzrm ___ mezü \stem{rä}ra ... masen=ane mezü.
Gloss (with missing item): mabata Third.ABS widow TSGF:SBJ:PST:DUR/dwell ___ widow TSGF:SBJ:PST:IPFV/be ... masen=POSS.SG widow.
The English translation of this sentence is:`Mabata stayed as a widow. She was that one's widow ... Masen's widow.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \isi{recognitional} \isi{demonstrative} is built on the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative}, as we can tell by the initial consonant b. It follows that the \isi{recognitional} must have emerged through semantic extension from the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative}, and only later developed distinct forms for all the cases. We find that a number of forms serve a double function. For example, bäne can function as \isi{demonstrative} \isi{pronoun} (`that') and as \isi{recognitional} \isi{pronoun} (`the one I presume that you know about'). But the two differ in their combinatorics. While the \isi{demonstrative} can modify as well as replace a \isi{nominal} \isi{head} of a phrase, the \isi{recognitional} operates only pronominally. I have already shown in example (\ref{ex093}) that it is quite common for a speaker to fill in the intended referent of a \isi{recognitional} herself, sometimes after the clause, sometimes after a short pause. This leaves us with the problem of distinguishing the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative} from the \isi{recognitional} in a phrase like bäne kabe. However, prosody signals which of the two it is. If both words belong to the same intonation contour, it is the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative}: `that man'. If there is short break in the intonation or a longer pause, it is the \isi{recognitional}: `that one ... the man'. The other \isi{case} forms which are formally identical are impossible to distinguish in a clear way. For example, bänema `therefore, because' is often used to connect another clause ({\S}\ref{pronominal-demonstratives-subsec}). In this case we always find a break in the intonation. It is best to interpret the formal identity as a signal of the semantic extension of the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative}. That being said, it would be wrong to conclude that the \isi{recognitional} is merely a function of the \isi{medial} \isi{demonstrative}.
A: word: baf=ane	 gloss: Recog=POSS.SG
B: word: maf=ane	 gloss: who=POSS
C: word: thrma=fa	 gloss: after=ABL
D: word: bafane	 gloss: Recog.POSS.SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A