cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ in se lalat to
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ 1PL.EXCL IAM dead right
The English translation of this sentence is:`She thought we were dead, you know.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These verbs specify what kind of speech, thought or sentiment is introduced by the morpheme ___ `say; its gloss ___; want'. Without a speech or perception verb, the standard reading of the morpheme ___ is `say', or sometimes `its gloss ___', as illustrated in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___n}) below.
A: word: toni	 gloss: think
B: word: taruo	 gloss: say
C: word: terus	 gloss: then
D: word: kaninggonie	 gloss: nine
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ in se lalat to
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG ___ 1PL.EXCL IAM dead right
The English translation of this sentence is:`She thought we were dead, you know.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The intransitive verb nafikir `to its gloss ___' may introduce thought without help of the morpheme ___. The few natural speech corpus examples all introduce direct speech, illustrated in~(\ref{exe:nafikireh}). There are no combinations of nafikir and the morpheme ___. Reported thought is introduced with the morpheme ___, as in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___n}).
A: word: toni	 gloss: think
B: word: kaninggonie	 gloss: nine
C: word: nau=gerket	 gloss: RECP=ask
D: word: taruo	 gloss: say
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mu se nau=gerket ___ toni deh ma watko=nin
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM RECP=ask ___ say INT.PEJ 3SG PROX.LOC=NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:`They asked each other (saying): ``Ah, he isn't here.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A shorter way of introducing speech or thought is with iamitive se (which was seen in combination with verbs in~\ref{exe:gerketoni}, \ref{exe:gerketmu} and \ref{exe:nafikireh}).
A: word: loi∼loi=tun=et	 gloss: quick∼INTS=INTS=IRR
B: word: nau=gerket	 gloss: RECP=ask
C: word: gerket	 gloss: ask
D: word: nau=kosalir	 gloss: RECP=exchange
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mu se nau=gerket nau=gerket ___ deh ma watko=nin
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM RECP=ask RECP=ask ___ INT.PEJ 3SG PROX.LOC=NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:`They asked each other (saying): ``Ah, he isn't here.'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A shorter way of introducing speech or thought is with iamitive se (which was seen in combination with verbs in~\ref{exe:gerkethe morpheme ___}, \ref{exe:gerketmu} and \ref{exe:nafikireh}).
A: word: kaninggonie	 gloss: nine
B: word: toni	 gloss: say
C: word: rap=et	 gloss: laugh=IRR
D: word: atau	 gloss: or
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): in se ___ mu se maruan ye
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.EX IAM ___ 3PL IAM move_seawards or
The English translation of this sentence is:`We asked: ``Have they come down yet?''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A shorter way of introducing speech or thought is with iamitive se (which was seen in combination with verbs in~\ref{exe:the morpheme ___oni}, \ref{exe:the morpheme ___mu} and \ref{exe:nafikireh}).
A: word: war=tenden	 gloss: fish=so
B: word: gerket	 gloss: ask
C: word: nau=gerket	 gloss: RECP=ask
D: word: sei	 gloss: askew
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an se ___ eh ema
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM ___ hey aunt
The English translation of this sentence is:`I went like this: ``Hey aunt!'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A variant is with the addition of demonstrative the morpheme ___ `like this', as in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___ema}).
A: word: wandi	 gloss: like_this
B: word: owandi	 gloss: like_over_there
C: word: me=ba=tauna	 gloss: DIST={\glba}=so
D: word: mindi	 gloss: like_that
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 40:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mu se ___ gerket an ∅=te
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM ___ ask 1SG GIVE=IMP
The English translation of this sentence is:`They asked like this: ``Give me!'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These can both be combined with a speech verb, as in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___g}).
A: word: ge=et	 gloss: no=IRR
B: word: owandi	 gloss: like_over_there
C: word: mindi	 gloss: like_that
D: word: wandi	 gloss: like_this
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 41:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mu se wandi ___ an ∅=te
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL IAM like_this ___ 1SG GIVE=IMP
The English translation of this sentence is:`They asked like this: ``Give me!'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: These can both be combined with a speech verb, as in~(\ref{exe:wandig}).
A: word: rap=et	 gloss: laugh=IRR
B: word: sei	 gloss: askew
C: word: nau=gerket	 gloss: RECP=ask
D: word: gerket	 gloss: ask
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 42:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an se ___ eh ema
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG IAM ___ hey aunt
The English translation of this sentence is:`I went like this: ``Hey aunt!'''
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \is{interjection}interjection eh can be used on its own to introduce speech, but may also be used with other devices, as in~(\ref{exe:nafikireh}). In the majority of the corpus instances, it follows toni. It is not always clear whether eh introduces quoted speech or is part of it. In~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___ema}) above, eh is translated as `hey' and is part of the quoted speech, because that was more likely in that particular context. In~(\ref{exe:toknein}), it is more likely that eh introduces speech, as it is used in an exchange between two people who already have each other's attention.
A: word: nau=bes=tenden	 gloss: RECP=good=so
B: word: wandi	 gloss: like_this
C: word: owandi	 gloss: like_over_there
D: word: mindi	 gloss: like_that
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 43:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma-mun se koi gerket=in ___ ma koi bara malaimang=taet mu me pep mangun met=a
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG-PROH IAM again ask=PROH ___ 3SG again descend Malay=more 3PL TOP pig language-3POSS DIST.OBJ=FOC
The English translation of this sentence is:`Don't ask again, otherwise she will come down again speaking more Malay, their pig's language.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Most precautionary constructions are combined with a prohibition, such as in~(\ref{exe:the morpheme ___malai}), where the precaution taken is not asking a Malay-speaking woman about something, and the undesirable outcome is that she comes to the house using Indonesian (while the speaker and addressee are trying to have a conversation in Kalamang).
A: word: mena	 gloss: otherwise
B: word: padahal	 gloss: actually
C: word: karena	 gloss: because
D: word: rap=et	 gloss: laugh=IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 44:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): go sausaun=et me ___ kanggirar-pe mena kuskap
Gloss (with missing item): condition dark=IRR TOP ___ eye-1PL.INCL.POSS otherwise black
The English translation of this sentence is:`[It's not good] if it is dark, otherwise our faces are black.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A prohibition does not need to be explicitly uttered in order for a precautionary construction to be made. (\ref{exe:the morpheme ___kus}) is uttered in the context of a discussion about closing the door during a video recording. The person who is against closing the door uses the morpheme ___ to indicate that leaving the door open is the precaution to be taken against the undesirable outcome of having very dark faces in the recording. There is no special meaning associated with the repetition of the morpheme ___.
A: word: atau	 gloss: or
B: word: mena	 gloss: otherwise
C: word: karena	 gloss: because
D: word: padahal	 gloss: actually
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 45:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): go sausaun=et me mena kanggirar-pe ___ kuskap
Gloss (with missing item): condition dark=IRR TOP otherwise eye-1PL.INCL.POSS ___ black
The English translation of this sentence is:`[It's not good] if it is dark, otherwise our faces are black.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A prohibition does not need to be explicitly uttered in order for a precautionary construction to be made. (\ref{exe:the morpheme ___kus}) is uttered in the context of a discussion about closing the door during a video recording. The person who is against closing the door uses the morpheme ___ to indicate that leaving the door open is the precaution to be taken against the undesirable outcome of having very dark faces in the recording. There is no special meaning associated with the repetition of the morpheme ___.
A: word: mena	 gloss: otherwise
B: word: na=tauna	 gloss: eat=so
C: word: karena	 gloss: because
D: word: padahal	 gloss: actually
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 46:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi tanaman pun demekian ___ bes im=o bes sayang=o bes
Gloss (with missing item): so plant even thus ___ good banana=COND good nutmeg=COND good
The English translation of this sentence is:`So whichever plant [we grow], whether it's coconut, banana or nutmeg, it's good.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two strategies for forming conditional clauses. The first is with a dedicated conditional clitic =o/=ero `if' or concessive =taero `even if' on the condition, described in §\ref{sec:condmood}. The enclitic =o is exemplified in~(\ref{exe:waroobes}). The Malay loan kalau `if' was discussed in §\ref{sec:condconj}.
A: word: wat=re	 gloss: coconut=APPR
B: word: wat	 gloss: coconut
C: word: wandi	 gloss: like_this
D: word: wat=o	 gloss: coconut=COND
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 47:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi tanaman pun demekian wat=o bes ___ bes sayang=o bes
Gloss (with missing item): so plant even thus coconut=COND good ___ good nutmeg=COND good
The English translation of this sentence is:`So whichever plant [we grow], whether it's coconut, banana or nutmeg, it's good.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two strategies for forming conditional clauses. The first is with a dedicated conditional clitic =o/=ero `if' or concessive =taero `even if' on the condition, described in §\ref{sec:condmood}. The enclitic =o is exemplified in~(\ref{exe:waroobes}). The Malay loan kalau `if' was discussed in §\ref{sec:condconj}.
A: word: mujim=at	 gloss: Mujim=OBJ
B: word: im=o	 gloss: banana=COND
C: word: sabar=ko=et	 gloss: front=LOC=IRR
D: word: wat=o	 gloss: coconut=COND
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 48:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): jadi tanaman pun demekian wat=o bes im=o bes ___ bes
Gloss (with missing item): so plant even thus coconut=COND good banana=COND good ___ good
The English translation of this sentence is:`So whichever plant [we grow], whether it's coconut, banana or nutmeg, it's good.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two strategies for forming conditional clauses. The first is with a dedicated conditional clitic =o/=ero `if' or concessive =taero `even if' on the condition, described in §\ref{sec:condmood}. The enclitic =o is exemplified in~(\ref{exe:waroobes}). The Malay loan kalau `if' was discussed in §\ref{sec:condconj}.
A: word: sayang=o	 gloss: nutmeg=COND
B: word: masan	 gloss: dry_in_sun
C: word: sayang-un	 gloss: nutmeg-3POSS
D: word: gonggung=te	 gloss: call={\glte}
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 49:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): al-un kinkinun ___ me se rasa
Gloss (with missing item): string-3POSS small ___ TOP IAM like
The English translation of this sentence is:`It has small strings, if not, it would have been good already.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The second strategy for conditionals makes use of a clause-initial scene-setting topic\is{topic}, typically with a time adverbial\is{time adverbial}, as in~(\ref{exe:saunet})\footnote{for the similarities between conditionals and topics see \textcite{haiman1978}.}. It may be marked with \is{topic}topic marker me and/or irrealis =et (§\ref{sec:et}). The scene-setter is prosodically separate from the main clause. It ends on a high \is{pitch}pitch and is optionally followed by a pause. The scene-setter kasuret me in~(\ref{exe:kasuret}), translated as `tomorrow', can be more literally translated as `when it is tomorrow'. The conditional clause may also be followed by sequential conjunction eba `then', as in~(\ref{exe:sabeba}). An example with negative condition the morpheme ___ me `if not' is given in~(\ref{exe:getmehe}).
A: word: ge=ero	 gloss: not=COND
B: word: atau	 gloss: or
C: word: neko=et	 gloss: inside=IRR
D: word: ge=et	 gloss: no=IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 50:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): al-un kinkinun ge=et ___ se rasa
Gloss (with missing item): string-3POSS small no=IRR ___ IAM like
The English translation of this sentence is:`It has small strings, if not, it would have been good already.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The second strategy for conditionals makes use of a clause-initial scene-setting topic\is{topic}, typically with a tithe morpheme ___ adverbial\is{tithe morpheme ___ adverbial}, as in~(\ref{exe:saunet})\footnote{for the similarities between conditionals and topics see \textcite{haiman1978}.}. It may be marked with \is{topic}topic marker the morpheme ___ and/or irrealis =et (§\ref{sec:et}). The scene-setter is prosodically separate from the main clause. It ends on a high \is{pitch}pitch and is optionally followed by a pause. The scene-setter kasuret the morpheme ___ in~(\ref{exe:kasuret}), translated as `tomorrow', can be more literally translated as `when it is tomorrow'. The conditional clause may also be followed by sequential conjunction eba `then', as in~(\ref{exe:sabeba}). An example with negative condition ge=et the morpheme ___ `if not' is given in~(\ref{exe:getthe morpheme ___he}).
A: word: me	 gloss: TOP
B: word: mungkin	 gloss: maybe
C: word: supaya	 gloss: so_that
D: word: melelu	 gloss: sit
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 51:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ me ukir=te
Gloss (with missing item): ___ TOP measure=IMP
The English translation of this sentence is:`If [you] don't understand, measure.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Below are three examples of conditional clauses with irrealis =et that are not time adverbials. (\ref{exe:haletme}) is taken from a recording where the speaker teaches the addressee how to weave a pandanus leaf envelope. (\ref{exe:raweteba}) again contains conjunction eba `then'. The combination of =et and eba does not necessarily imply a conditional reading; it must be deduced from the context. Conditional clauses with irrealis =et can be translated with either `if' or `when'. In some contexts, such as in~(\ref{exe:orkoet}), either reading seems appropriate.
A: word: nau=gerket	 gloss: RECP=ask
B: word: komahal=et	 gloss: not_understand=IRR
C: word: neko=et	 gloss: inside=IRR
D: word: komana=et	 gloss: skewer=IRR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B