cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ se un-deir=i luk
Gloss (with missing item): ___ IAM REFL-bring=PLNK come
The English translation of this sentence is:`She came herself.' (Lit. `She brought herself coming.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus contains only eight examples of constructions with the reflexive prefix un-, four of which are in combination with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (which may or may not be focused). These constructions occur with five different verbs: balaok `to show' (three occurrences), deir `to bring' (two occurrences), ganggie `to lift', kajie `to pick' and rua `to kill' (each one occurrence). Three of eight occurrences have the reflexive verb as the first verb in a \is{predicate!complex}complex predicate linked with predicate linker =i. (\ref{exe:undeiri}) shows un-deir `to bring oneself'. (\ref{exe:unruani}), with un-rua `to kill oneself', is from a recording made during net fishing, where one of the speakers describes the movements of a needlefish in or close to the net.\footnote{Four words in the lexicon might contain a fossilised prefix un-. These are unmasir `to give birth'\is{birth} (cf, masir `to weed'), unkoryap `to divide' (cf. koryap `to divide', yap `to divide'), unkawer `body fat' (kawer not attested) and unsor `orange-spotted trevally' (cf. sor `fish').}
A: word: di=saran	 gloss: CAUS=ascend
B: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
C: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
D: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma-tain se ___ luk
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG-alone IAM ___ come
The English translation of this sentence is:`She came herself.' (Lit. `She brought herself coming.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus contains only eight examples of constructions with the reflexive prefix un-, four of which are in combination with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (which may or may not be focused). These constructions occur with five different verbs: balaok `to show' (three occurrences), deir `to bring' (two occurrences), ganggie `to lift', kajie `to pick' and rua `to kill' (each one occurrence). Three of eight occurrences have the reflexive verb as the first verb in a \is{predicate!complex}complex predicate linked with predicate linker =i. (\ref{exe:undeiri}) shows un-deir `to bring oneself'. (\ref{exe:unruani}), with un-rua `to kill oneself', is from a recording made during net fishing, where one of the speakers describes the movements of a needlefish in or close to the net.\footnote{Four words in the lexicon might contain a fossilised prefix un-. These are unmasir `to give birth'\is{birth} (cf, masir `to weed'), unkoryap `to divide' (cf. koryap `to divide', yap `to divide'), unkawer `body fat' (kawer not attested) and unsor `orange-spotted trevally' (cf. sor `fish').}
A: word: kuet=i	 gloss: bring=PLNK
B: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
C: word: kies-eir=tak	 gloss: CLF_LONG-two=only
D: word: istirahare∼are∼t	 gloss: rest∼RED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mindi an se parar=te ___ mat pareir
Gloss (with missing item): like_that 1SG IAM get_up={\glte} ___ 3SG follow
The English translation of this sentence is:`Like that I lifted myself up and followed her.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The corpus contains only eight examples of constructions with the reflexive prefix un-, four of which are in combination with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (which may or may not be focused). These constructions occur with five different verbs: balaok `to show' (three occurrences), deir `to bring' (two occurrences), ganggie `to lift', kajie `to pick' and rua `to kill' (each one occurrence). Three of eight occurrences have the reflexive verb as the first verb in a \is{predicate!complex}complex predicate linked with predicate linker =i. (\ref{exe:undeiri}) shows un-deir `to bring oneself'. (\ref{exe:unruani}), with un-rua `to kill oneself', is from a recording made during net fishing, where one of the speakers describes the movements of a needlefish in or close to the net.\footnote{Four words in the lexicon might contain a fossilised prefix un-. These are unmasir `to give birth'\is{birth} (cf, masir `to weed'), unkoryap `to divide' (cf. koryap `to divide', yap `to divide'), unkawer `body fat' (kawer not attested) and unsor `orange-spotted trevally' (cf. sor `fish').}
A: word: kanggir-un=ko	 gloss: eye-3POSS=LOC
B: word: un-ganggie	 gloss: REFL-lift
C: word: ko=ewa	 gloss: APPL=speak
D: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma toni ma ___ natobat
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG say 3SG ___ repent
The English translation of this sentence is:`He said he repents [himself].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This is not a well-established construction, and the three other reflexive corpus examples rely on Malay loans. The Malay reflexive pronoun diri `self' is used in those constructions, which are combined with an Austronesian\is{Austronesian!loan} loan verb natobat `repent' (example~\ref{exe:diritobat}) or Malay loan verb sadar `to be aware; to have self-awareness' (example~\ref{exe:ansadar}). It is unclear why the reflexive pronoun is marked with the object postposition in the latter but not in the former, but it suggests that there is not necessarily a valency reduction in reflexive constructions with Malay diri.
A: word: diri-an=at	 gloss: self-1SG.POSS=OBJ
B: word: muin	 gloss: 3POSS
C: word: diri-un	 gloss: self-3POSS
D: word: nau=koup	 gloss: RECP=hug
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ se diri-an=at sadar
Gloss (with missing item): ___ IAM self-1SG.POSS=OBJ aware
The English translation of this sentence is:`I already have self-awareness.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This is not a well-established construction, and the three other reflexive corpus examples rely on Malay loans. The Malay reflexive pronoun diri `self' is used in those constructions, which are combined with an Austronesian\is{Austronesian!loan} loan verb natobat `repent' (example~\ref{exe:diritobat}) or Malay loan verb sadar `to be aware; to have self-awareness' (example~\ref{exe:ansadar}). It is unclear why the reflexive pronoun is marked with the object postposition in the latter but not in the former, but it suggests that there is not necessarily a valency reduction in reflexive constructions with Malay diri.
A: word: nau=kosalir	 gloss: RECP=exchange
B: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
C: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
D: word: amdir=ka	 gloss: garden=LAT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an-tain=a se ___ sadar
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-alone=FOC IAM ___ aware
The English translation of this sentence is:`I already have self-awareness.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: This is not a well-established construction, and the three other reflexive corpus examples rely on Malay loans. The Malay reflexive pronoun diri `self' is used in those constructions, which are combined with an Austronesian\is{Austronesian!loan} loan verb natobat `repent' (example~\ref{exe:diritobat}) or Malay loan verb sadar `to be aware; to have self-awareness' (example~\ref{exe:ansadar}). It is unclear why the reflexive pronoun is marked with the object postposition in the latter but not in the former, but it suggests that there is not necessarily a valency reduction in reflexive constructions with Malay diri.
A: word: tumun-an=at	 gloss: child-1SG.POSS=OBJ
B: word: anggon=at	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ
C: word: yecie	 gloss: return
D: word: diri-an=at	 gloss: self-1SG.POSS=OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ se un-deir=i luk
Gloss (with missing item): ___ IAM REFL-bring=PLNK come
The English translation of this sentence is:`She came herself.' (Lit. `She brought herself coming.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that in the latter example, the subject pronoun an `I' is also inflected with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (§\ref{sec:alonepron}), like in~(\ref{exe:undeiri}) and~(\ref{exe:unruani}). In elicited reflexive examples, one encounters this strategy again, without the use of diri `self', suggesting that these restricting pronouns can also have a reflexive interpretation. Consider~(\ref{exe:andainawaruo}), where an-tain `I alone' is used to express `myself'. This example is ambiguous between a reflexive and a restrictive \is{focus!pronominal}focus meaning. It could also mean `It is I who washes'.\footnote{This construction was elicited with a picture of child washing its own hair, which was contrasted with a picture of a mother bathing a child. Showing the picture was accompanied by a request for a translation of Malay anak mandi diri `the child bathes itself' and saya mandi diri `I bathe myself'.}
A: word: ka-hutak	 gloss: 2SG-alone
B: word: ma-tain	 gloss: 3SG-alone
C: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
D: word: ko=naurar	 gloss: APPL-circle
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma-tain se ___ luk
Gloss (with missing item): 3SG-alone IAM ___ come
The English translation of this sentence is:`She came herself.' (Lit. `She brought herself coming.')
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that in the latter example, the subject pronoun an `I' is also inflected with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (§\ref{sec:alonepron}), like in~(\ref{exe:undeiri}) and~(\ref{exe:unruani}). In elicited reflexive examples, one encounters this strategy again, without the use of diri `self', suggesting that these restricting pronouns can also have a reflexive interpretation. Consider~(\ref{exe:andainawaruo}), where an-tain `I alone' is used to express `myself'. This example is ambiguous between a reflexive and a restrictive \is{focus!pronominal}focus meaning. It could also mean `It is I who washes'.\footnote{This construction was elicited with a picture of child washing its own hair, which was contrasted with a picture of a mother bathing a child. Showing the picture was accompanied by a request for a translation of Malay anak mandi diri `the child bathes itself' and saya mandi diri `I bathe myself'.}
A: word: kuet=i	 gloss: bring=PLNK
B: word: paruo	 gloss: make
C: word: kies-eir=tak	 gloss: CLF_LONG-two=only
D: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mindi an se parar=te ___ mat pareir
Gloss (with missing item): like_that 1SG IAM get_up={\glte} ___ 3SG follow
The English translation of this sentence is:`Like that I lifted myself up and followed her.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that in the latter example, the subject pronoun an `I' is also inflected with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (§\ref{sec:alonepron}), like in~(\ref{exe:undeiri}) and~(\ref{exe:unruani}). In elicited reflexive examples, one encounters this strategy again, without the use of diri `self', suggesting that these restricting pronouns can also have a reflexive interpretation. Consider~(\ref{exe:andainawaruo}), where an-tain `I alone' is used to express `myself'. This example is ambiguous between a reflexive and a restrictive \is{focus!pronominal}focus meaning. It could also mean `It is I who washes'.\footnote{This construction was elicited with a picture of child washing its own hair, which was contrasted with a picture of a mother bathing a child. Showing the picture was accompanied by a request for a translation of Malay anak mandi diri `the child bathes itself' and saya mandi diri `I bathe myself'.}
A: word: marmar∼marmar=et	 gloss: walk∼RED=IRR
B: word: un-ganggie	 gloss: REFL-lift
C: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
D: word: kanggir-un=ko	 gloss: eye-3POSS=LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ waruo
Gloss (with missing item): ___ wash
The English translation of this sentence is:`I wash myself.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Note that in the latter example, the subject pronoun an `I' is also inflected with the restricting pronoun marker -tain (§\ref{sec:alonepron}), like in~(\ref{exe:undeiri}) and~(\ref{exe:unruani}). In elicited reflexive examples, one encounters this strategy again, without the use of diri `self', suggesting that these restricting pronouns can also have a reflexive interpretation. Consider~(\ref{exe:andainawaruo}), where an-tain `I alone' is used to express `myself'. This example is ambiguous between a reflexive and a restrictive \is{focus!pronominal}focus meaning. It could also mean `It is I who washes'.\footnote{This construction was elicited with a picture of child washing its own hair, which was contrasted with a picture of a mother bathing a child. Showing the picture was accompanied by a request for a translation of Malay anak mandi diri `the child bathes itself' and saya mandi diri `I bathe myself'.}
A: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
B: word: dalang∼dalang=ta	 gloss: jump∼DISTR=NFIN
C: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
D: word: yuwatko	 gloss: PROX.LOC
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 36:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ westal-an=at sikat
Gloss (with missing item): ___ hair-1SG.POSS=OBJ brush
The English translation of this sentence is:`I brush my own hair.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifying pronoun marker -tain can also be used when a subject carries out an action upon a part of itself, and the referent is thus not exactly the same, as in~(\ref{exe:westalan}). In the corpus, this kind of construction without use of -tain occurs, illustrated in~(\ref{exe:nakalan}). This suggests that -tain is neither sufficient nor necessary to make a reflexive construction.
A: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
B: word: ka-tain=a	 gloss: 2SG-alone=FOC
C: word: an-tain=a	 gloss: 1SG-alone=FOC
D: word: kalom∼lom∼un	 gloss: unripe∼RED
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 37:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): an tok ___ sisir=et
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG first ___ comb=IRR
The English translation of this sentence is:`I comb my head first.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Quantifying pronoun marker -tain can also be used when a subject carries out an action upon a part of itself, and the referent is thus not exactly the same, as in~(\ref{exe:westalan}). In the corpus, this kind of construction without use of -tain occurs, illustrated in~(\ref{exe:nakalan}). This suggests that -tain is neither sufficient nor necessary to make a reflexive construction.
A: word: anggon=at	 gloss: 1SG.POSS=OBJ
B: word: nakal-an=at	 gloss: head-1SG.POSS=OBJ
C: word: westal-an=at	 gloss: hair-1SG.POSS=OBJ
D: word: un-deir=i	 gloss: REFL-bring=PLNK
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 38:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mu muap=at ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL food=OBJ ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`They exchange food with each other.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In the Reciprocal constructions and situation type field stimulus kit\is{stimulus} \parencite{evans2004}, which consists of short video clips that speakers are asked to describe, nau= was applied to events of hugging, chasing, hitting and exchanging where more than two people were acting upon each other in a unidirectional chain, pairwise, radially or mixed. The reciprocal proclitic is also used for asymmetrical actions, i.e. actions that one group or individual do(es) to another, but not vice versa (for example one person shaking others' hands, one person giving things to several others, a person chasing another who is being chased by a third). It can also be used for sequentially reciprocal events (like people hitting each other in turn). (\ref{exe:naukosalir}) is the description of a clip (no. 21) of four people sitting at a table, giving each other different items of food and drink. Each person gives and receives, but not necessarily to and from the same person. The verb kosalir `to exchange' retains its valency, but changes in meaning. In non-reciprocal constructions, its object is replaced with another version of itself (another set of clothes, a part of the house when renovating, fresh food on the table). In reciprocal constructions, the object changes owner but is not replaced.
A: word: nau=gerket	 gloss: RECP=ask
B: word: nau=kosalir	 gloss: RECP=exchange
C: word: kosalir=kin	 gloss: change={\glkin}
D: word: diri-an=at	 gloss: self-1SG.POSS=OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 39:
You are a linguist specializing in Kalamang. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mu ___
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`They hug each other.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: (\ref{exe:naukoup}) describes a clip (no. 16) where three people hug a fourth person sequentially.
A: word: koup	 gloss: hug
B: word: nau=koup	 gloss: RECP=hug
C: word: nau=kosalir	 gloss: RECP=exchange
D: word: paruo	 gloss: make
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B