cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): U-yi na isturya ni ___ gid.
Gloss (with missing item): EMPH-D1ABS LK story D1PR ___ INT
The English translation of this sentence is:‘This very story is the absolute truth.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other times, the ka- … -an derivation forms a \isi{comparative} nominalization, as described in \chapref{chap:referringexpressions} \sectref{sec:ka-an}. For example katumanan ‘the absolute end point or boundary’, katapusan `absolute end', kaumpisaan ‘absolute beginning place’ and kaunaan ‘very first place’, and example \REF{bkm:Ref113278812} from the corpus:
A: word: naan	 gloss: SPAT.DEF
B: word: ka-matuod-an	 gloss: NR-true-NR
C: word: ka-laban-an	 gloss: NR-most-NR
D: word: matuod-en	 gloss: true-T.IR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Sikad ___ na bai nan.
Gloss (with missing item): very ___ LK woman D3ABS
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That one is a woman who really likes to fight/argue.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prefix pala- on verbal roots derives an adjective that refers to the property of always liking to do the action described by the verb. This is not a common derivation, and no examples of it occur in the text corpus. All the following examples come from conversation or elicitation. Words derived with pala{}- are clearly adjectives as evidenced by the fact that they may occur with degree adverbs (\ref{bkm:Ref439853390}):
A: word: pang-limma	 gloss: ORD-five
B: word: pala-butaļ	 gloss: likes.always-fight/argue
C: word: ma-butaļ	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-fight
D: word: pirmi	 gloss: always
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Labi na gid ta ___ rispunsibilidad
Gloss (with missing item): especially LK INT NABS ___ responsibility…
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Especially the family kind of responsibility…'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The prefix di{}- is probably borrowed from Spanish de ‘of’. The meaning of the resulting form is ‘of a certain kind’. Occasionally, the resulting form can function as a Modifier, as in examples \REF{bkm:Ref481478039}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref481478100}:
A: word: di-pamilya	 gloss: ADJ-family
B: word: pamilya	 gloss: family
C: word: bakod	 gloss: big
D: word: mata	 gloss: eye
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Ga-sakay danen an ta ___ na lunday.
Gloss (with missing item): I.R-ride 3P.ABS DEF.M NABS ___ LK outrigger.canoe
The English translation of this sentence is:‘They rode a sail kind of outrigger canoe.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The di- prefix occurs mostly with roots borrowed from Spanish (as in \ref{bkm:Ref481478039}{}-\ref{bkm:Ref117583999}), but may occur on original Kagayanen roots, as in \REF{bkm:Ref113279533}:
A: word: layag	 gloss: sail
B: word: di-layag	 gloss: ADJ-sail
C: word: ka-dusi	 gloss: ORD-twelve
D: word: ga-layag	 gloss: I.R-sail
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yon ___ an na pag-pati ta mga ittaw.
Gloss (with missing item): D3ABS ___ DEF.M LK NR.ACT-believe NABS PL person
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That was the first belief of the people.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two sets of ordinal numbers in Kagayanen, both based on Austronesian cardinal number\is{numbers!Austronesian} roots above the its gloss ___ ordinal. One type is formed with the prefix pang{}- and the other is formed with the prefix ka{}-. The its gloss ___ ordinal for both types is borrowed from Spanish\is{numbers!Spanish-based} (exx. \ref{bkm:Ref479573487} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573710}).
A: word: una	 gloss: first
B: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
C: word: panaw	 gloss: go/walk
D: word: primiro	 gloss: first.time
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Tak ___ ko nang pa sakay ta kalisa…
Gloss (with missing item): because ___ 1S.GEN only/just INC ride NABS horse.cart
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Because (it was) still my first (time) to ride a horse cart…'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: There are two sets of ordinal numbers in Kagayanen, both based on Austronesian cardinal number\is{numbers!Austronesian} roots above the first ordinal. One type is formed with the prefix pang{}- and the other is formed with the prefix ka{}-. The first ordinal for both types is borrowed from Spanish\is{numbers!Spanish-based} (exx. \ref{bkm:Ref479573487} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573710}).
A: word: pamiro	 gloss: first
B: word: primiro	 gloss: first.time
C: word: first	 gloss: first
D: word: man	 gloss: EMPH
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Yon ___ an na pag-pati ta mga ittaw.
Gloss (with missing item): D3ABS ___ DEF.M LK NR.ACT-believe NABS PL person
The English translation of this sentence is:‘That was the first belief of the people.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The pang{}- ordinals are unspecified for the kind of order such as order in space, in time or in importance. The ordinal referring to ‘its gloss ___’ in this system is the Spanish cardinal number the morpheme ___ (exx. \ref{ex:unmarkedordinal} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573487}). For the numbers darwa ‘two’, tallo ‘three’, and those beginning with a glottal stop (orthographic vowel-initial roots), the root-initial consonant is omitted following pang{}- (see the examples in \ref{ex:unmarkedordinal}). The initial consonant is not omitted with limma ‘five’, pitto ‘seven’, waļļo ‘eight’, and sampuļo ‘ten’.
A: word: una	 gloss: first
B: word: tunaw-en	 gloss: dissolve-T.IR
C: word: primiro	 gloss: first.time
D: word: isya	 gloss: one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Tak ___ ko nang pa sakay ta kalisa…
Gloss (with missing item): because ___ 1S.GEN only/just INC ride NABS horse.cart
The English translation of this sentence is:‘Because (it was) still my first (time) to ride a horse cart…'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ordinals derived with ka{}- have a more specific function, referring only to order in time. For example, kadarwa na gira ‘the second war.’ Also katallo na bukid ‘the third mountain (that someone came upon)’. It can also mean the first, second, and so on in a series of actions \REF{bkm:Ref479574197}. The first ordinal for the ka{}- derivation set is borrowed from Spanish ‘primero’ (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573710}). For the second to tenth ordinals, the Kagayanen numbers are used, but after the tenth, the Spanish-based numbers are used as in example \REF{bkm:Ref481151157}. The second ordinal in this set sometimes reduces to karwa (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479574075}).
A: word: first	 gloss: first
B: word: pang-limma	 gloss: ORD-five
C: word: pamiro	 gloss: first
D: word: primiro	 gloss: first.time
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na-kamang ko piro lugay beteng-ay nay tak sikad baked na bawlo. Bali ___ ko en na subbad. Ta pag-pa-dayon ko daw ino na ka-tingaļa-an, subbad aren man isab bilang ka-dusi na kaan ki yaken.
Gloss (with missing item): A.HAP.R-get 1S.ERG but long.time pull-REC 1P.EXCL.ERG because very big CM jack.fish equal ___ 1S.GEN CM LK catch NABS NR.ACT-CAUS-continue 1S.GEN if/when what LK NR-wonder-NR catch 1S.ABS+CM too again as ORD-twelve LK eat OBL 1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`I got (the fish) but for a long time we pulled against each other because (it was) a very big jack fish. (It) equalled the eleventh of my catch. During my continuing on, what a wonder, I caught another again as the twelfth one that bit for me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ordinals derived with ka{}- have a more specific function, referring only to order in time. For example, kadarwa na gira ‘the second war.’ Also katallo na bukid ‘the third mountain (that someone came upon)’. It can also mean the first, second, and so on in a series of actions \REF{bkm:Ref479574197}. The first ordinal for the ka{}- derivation set is borrowed from Spanish ‘primero’ (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573710}). For the second to tenth ordinals, the Kagayanen numbers are used, but after the tenth, the Spanish-based numbers are used as in example \REF{bkm:Ref481151157}. The second ordinal in this set sometimes reduces to karwa (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479574075}).
A: word: unsi	 gloss: eleven
B: word: ka-unsi	 gloss: ORD-eleven
C: word: pag-tingaļa	 gloss: NR.ACT-wonder
D: word: ka-dusi	 gloss: ORD-twelve
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Na-kamang ko piro lugay beteng-ay nay tak sikad baked na bawlo. Bali ka-unsi ko en na subbad. Ta pag-pa-dayon ko daw ino na ka-tingaļa-an, subbad aren man isab bilang ___ na kaan ki yaken.
Gloss (with missing item): A.HAP.R-get 1S.ERG but long.time pull-REC 1P.EXCL.ERG because very big CM jack.fish equal ORD-eleven 1S.GEN CM LK catch NABS NR.ACT-CAUS-continue 1S.GEN if/when what LK NR-wonder-NR catch 1S.ABS+CM too again as ___ LK eat OBL 1s
The English translation of this sentence is:`I got (the fish) but for a long time we pulled against each other because (it was) a very big jack fish. (It) equalled the eleventh of my catch. During my continuing on, what a wonder, I caught another again as the twelfth one that bit for me.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ordinals derived with ka{}- have a more specific function, referring only to order in time. For example, kadarwa na gira ‘the second war.’ Also katallo na bukid ‘the third mountain (that someone came upon)’. It can also mean the first, second, and so on in a series of actions \REF{bkm:Ref479574197}. The first ordinal for the ka{}- derivation set is borrowed from Spanish ‘primero’ (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573710}). For the second to tenth ordinals, the Kagayanen numbers are used, but after the tenth, the Spanish-based numbers are used as in example \REF{bkm:Ref481151157}. The second ordinal in this set sometimes reduces to karwa (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479574075}).
A: word: ma-duwad	 gloss: A.HAP.IR-lose
B: word: dasig	 gloss: fast
C: word: ka-dusi	 gloss: ORD-twelve
D: word: ka-unsi	 gloss: ORD-eleven
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Piro sigi man gyapon dļagan danen asta na ka-lambot en danen ta ___ ya na bungyod.
Gloss (with missing item): but continual also just.the.same run 3P.ABS until LK I.EXM-reach CM 3P.ABS NABS ___ DEF.F LK hill
The English translation of this sentence is:`But they kept running just the same until they reached the second (in time) hill.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Ordinals derived with ka{}- have a more specific function, referring only to order in time. For example, kadarwa na gira ‘the second war.’ Also katallo na bukid ‘the third mountain (that someone came upon)’. It can also mean the first, second, and so on in a series of actions \REF{bkm:Ref479574197}. The first ordinal for the ka{}- derivation set is borrowed from Spanish ‘primero’ (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479573710}). For the second to tenth ordinals, the Kagayanen numbers are used, but after the tenth, the Spanish-based numbers are used as in example \REF{bkm:Ref481151157}. The second ordinal in this set sometimes reduces to karwa (exx. \ref{ex:temporalordinals} and \ref{bkm:Ref479574075}).
A: word: primiro	 gloss: first.time
B: word: darwa	 gloss: two
C: word: pang-tallo	 gloss: ORD-three
D: word: ka-darwa	 gloss: ORD-two
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ tama na kwarta
Gloss (with missing item): ___ much LK money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘very much money’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The non-numeral quantifiers tama ‘many’, tise ‘few’ and pila ‘few’ can occur with degree/intensity adverbs, and so qualify as adjectives \REF{bkm:Ref425171721}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref479341772}.
A: word: ame	 gloss: 1P.EXCL.GEN
B: word: mag-sikaļ	 gloss: I.IR-boil
C: word: gani	 gloss: so
D: word: sikad	 gloss: very
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): sikad ___ na kwarta
Gloss (with missing item): very ___ LK money
The English translation of this sentence is:‘very much money’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The non-numeral quantifiers the morpheme ___ ‘many’, tise ‘few’ and pila ‘few’ can occur with degree/intensity adverbs, and so qualify as adjectives \REF{bkm:Ref425171721}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref479341772}.
A: word: na-bui	 gloss: A.HAP.R-live
B: word: ka-tamad-én	 gloss: NR-lazy-NR
C: word: tama	 gloss: much
D: word: lugar	 gloss: place
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ isya gid na bata
Gloss (with missing item): ___ one INT LK child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘really each single child’/’each and every child’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The non-numeral quantifiers tama ‘many’, tise ‘few’ and pila ‘few’ can occur with degree/intensity adverbs, and so qualify as adjectives \REF{bkm:Ref425171721}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref479341772}.
A: word: dayon	 gloss: right.away
B: word: tallo	 gloss: three
C: word: granada	 gloss: grenade
D: word: kada	 gloss: each
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): kada isya ___ na bata
Gloss (with missing item): each one ___ LK child
The English translation of this sentence is:‘really each single child’/’each and every child’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The non-numeral quantifiers tama ‘many’, tise ‘few’ and pila ‘few’ can occur with degree/intensity adverbs, and so qualify as adjectives \REF{bkm:Ref425171721}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref479341772}.
A: word: pala-butaļ	 gloss: likes.always-fight/argue
B: word: gid	 gloss: INT
C: word: ma-sugid	 gloss: A.HAP.R-tell
D: word: operator	 gloss: operator
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ na mga ittaw ga-lineng.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ LK PL people I.R-quiet/peaceful
The English translation of this sentence is:‘All the people became quiet.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: RPs containing the morpheme ___ and kada often occur clause-initiits gloss ___y \REF{bkm:Ref329086952}-\REF{bkm:Ref424539971}, \REF{bkm:Ref425584633}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref425234047}, but also occur in other positions \REF{bkm:Ref425584609}, \REF{bkm:Ref424540252}:
A: word: tanan	 gloss: all
B: word: manang	 gloss: older.sister
C: word: sako	 gloss: sack
D: word: bisan	 gloss: any
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ mama ta bilog na banwa pa-pa-ubra na uļa gid swildo.
Gloss (with missing item): ___ man NABS whole LK town/country T.R-CAUS-work LK NEG.R INT wage
The English translation of this sentence is:`Every man in the whole town was made to work without any wage.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: RPs containing tanan and the morpheme ___ often occur clause-initially \REF{bkm:Ref329086952}-\REF{bkm:Ref424539971}, \REF{bkm:Ref425584633}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref425234047}, but also occur in other positions \REF{bkm:Ref425584609}, \REF{bkm:Ref424540252}:
A: word: pang-appat	 gloss: ORD-fourth
B: word: tallo	 gloss: three
C: word: kada	 gloss: each
D: word: granada	 gloss: grenade
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Kagayanen. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): Barangay kapitan ga-umaw ta ___ na mga ittaw.
Gloss (with missing item): community captain I.R-call NABS ___ LK PL people
The English translation of this sentence is:‘The community captain called all the people.’
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: RPs containing the morpheme ___ and kada often occur clause-initiits gloss ___y \REF{bkm:Ref329086952}-\REF{bkm:Ref424539971}, \REF{bkm:Ref425584633}{}-\REF{bkm:Ref425234047}, but also occur in other positions \REF{bkm:Ref425584609}, \REF{bkm:Ref424540252}:
A: word: tanan	 gloss: all
B: word: manang	 gloss: older.sister
C: word: sali	 gloss: persistently
D: word: bisan	 gloss: any
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A