cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ___ ɣɯ-βzu ra
Gloss (with missing item): harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh ___ INV-make be.needed:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The infinitive complement \forme{kɤ-tɤβ} in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.kuwGnWftCaka}) is exactly parallel to the adnominal complement clause in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}). This parallelism between com\-ple\-ment-taking noun and the com\-ple\-ment-taking denominal verb derived from it is not found in all the cases (§\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.list}), but confirms the observation that the adnominal clause in (\ref{ex:kAtAB.ftCaka}) is not a prenominal relative.
A: word: cʰɯ-tɯ-nɯmbjɯm-nɯ	 gloss: IPFV-2-get.warm-PL
B: word: ftɕaka	 gloss: manner
C: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
D: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ji-wɯ kɯ ``a-mɤ-jɤ-tɯ-ɣi-nɯ'' ___ to-βzu ɕti
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.POSS-grandfather ERG IRR-NEG-PFV-2-come-PL ___ IFR-make be.AFF:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`(By these words) our father-in-law means that he does not want us to come back'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Two categories must be distinguished among these inalienably possessed nouns. First, some nouns such as \japhug{the morpheme ___}{language}, `sound' (§\ref{sec:nouns.speech.complement}) always take a \textsc{3sg} possessive prefix coreferent with the complement clause (treated as possessor of the noun), as in (\ref{ex:amAjAtWGinW.WskAt}).
A: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
B: word: pɣɤtɕɯ	 gloss: bird
C: word: ji-skɤt	 gloss: 1PL.POSS-language
D: word: kɯrɯ-skɤt	 gloss: Tibetan-language
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] ___ ɯ́-ɕe?
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] ___ QU-go:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`Do you want to become their queen?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Other nouns like \japhug{ɯ-sɯm}{mind} (§\ref{sec:nouns.cognition.complement}) on the other hand select as possessor the experiencer, which may not be \textsc{3sg}, and the complement clause is not syntactically a possessor. For instance, in (\ref{ex:tutWndAm.nAsWm.WCe}) the possessor of \forme{-sɯm} is \textsc{2sg}, not \textsc{3sg} as would be expected if the finite clause \forme{nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm} were the possessor of this noun.
A: word: tɯ-sɯm	 gloss: GENR.POSS-mind
B: word: lɯlu	 gloss: cat
C: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
D: word: a-sɯm	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-mind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a-rɟit ra nɯ-ɣi-nɯ ɕti tɕetʰa, [kɤ-ndza] ___ tɯ́-wɣ-βzu ɕti tɕe ku-ta-sɯ-ɤnbaʁ ŋu
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.POSS-offspring PL VERT-come:FACT-PL be.AFF:FACT soon INF-eat ___ 2-INV-make:FACT be.AFF:FACT LNK IPFV-1\fl{}2-CAUS-hide be:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`My children are coming back home soon, and they will try to eat you, let me hide you.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The alienably possessed nouns \japhug{ftɕaka}{method}, `its gloss ___' (§\ref{sec:compl.taking.nouns.denominal}) and \japhug{the morpheme ___}{its gloss ___},\footnote{These nouns are both translated into Chinese as \ch{办法}{bànfǎ}{method}, `means', `its gloss ___'.} both borrowed from Tibetan (from \tibet{བཅའ་ཀ}{btɕa.ka}{implement} and \tibet{བཀོད་པ}{bkod.pa}{arrangement}, `method', respectively), occur in collocation with the verb \japhug{βzu}{make} (§\ref{sec:Bzu.lv}) in the meanings `try to X by any means' (in Chinese \ch{想尽办法}{xiǎng jìn bànfǎ}{try to do by any means}) or `prepare'. They can select an infinitive clause with raising of the person indexation on the main verb, as shown by the 3\fl{}\textsc{2sg} form \forme{tɯ́-wɣ-βzu} `they will X you' in (\ref{ex:kAndza.the morpheme ___.tuwGBzu}).
A: word: ɯ-ftɕaka	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-manner
B: word: kowa	 gloss: manner
C: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
D: word: ɯ-tɯ-rko	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.hard
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [ɲɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom] ___ nɯ ``vɯrwɯrwɯr'' tu-ti ŋgrɤl.
Gloss (with missing item): IPFV-fly ___ DEM ONOM IPFV-say be.usually.the.case:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`The sound it makes when it flies is `vrvr'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The inalienably possessed nouns related to speech and noise \japhug{ɯ-ti}{way of saying}, `wording', `expression', \japhug{ɯ-fɕɤt}{story}, \japhug{ɯ-skɤt}{language}, `sound', \japhug{tɤ-zgra}{sound}, `noise' and \japhug{tɯ-tɕʰa}{information, news} (about someone) (§\ref{sec:biactantial.ipn}), and the alienably possessed \japhug{kʰɤcɤl}{discussion} can occur with finite complement clauses (\ref{ex:WfCAt.tu}, \ref{ex:YWnWqambWmbjom.Wzgra}) (see also \ref{ex:rCWB4.pjWlAt}, §\ref{sec:ideo.X}) or reported speech complements (\ref{ex:ra.WskAt.ra.toBzu}).
A: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
B: word: ɲɯ-kɯ-ɤsɯ-zgroʁ-a	 gloss: SENS-2\fl{}1-PROG-attach-1SG
C: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
D: word: ɯ-raŋ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-during
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [ɲɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom] ___ nɯ ``vɯrwɯrwɯr'' tu-ti ŋgrɤl.
Gloss (with missing item): IPFV-fly ___ DEM ONOM IPFV-say be.usually.the.case:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`The sound it makes when it flies is `vrvr'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: As shown by (\ref{ex:WfCAt.tu}) and (\ref{ex:YWnWqambWmbjom.Wzgra}), \japhug{ɯ-fɕɤt}{story} and \japhug{tɤ-zgra}{sound} can take complements even without a noun-verb collocation.
A: word: ɲɯ-kɯ-ɤsɯ-zgroʁ-a	 gloss: SENS-2\fl{}1-PROG-attach-1SG
B: word: kowa	 gloss: manner
C: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
D: word: ɯ-raŋ	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-during
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ji-wɯ kɯ ``a-mɤ-jɤ-tɯ-ɣi-nɯ'' ___ to-βzu ɕti
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL.POSS-grandfather ERG IRR-NEG-PFV-2-come-PL ___ IFR-make be.AFF:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`(By these words) our father-in-law means that he does not want us to come back'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun \japhug{the morpheme ___}{language}, `sound' mainly takes complements when occurring with \japhug{βzu}{make} (§\ref{sec:Bzu.lv}) or \japhug{stu}{do like}. The collocation with this verbs means `do/say something that means X' as in (\ref{ex:ra.WskAt.ra.toBzu})\footnote{The poignant anecdote in (\ref{ex:ra.WskAt.ra.toBzu}) shows that the collocations \forme{the morpheme ___+βzu} and \forme{the morpheme ___+stu} are used even when the expression is not linguistic but based on gesture and facial expression. The hunter did not have the heart to shoot the monkey mother (see example \ref{ex:mWpjAcha.khi} in §\ref{sec:fsp.hearsay}). } or (\ref{ex:amAjAtWGinW.WskAt}) (in §\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.possessor} above).
A: word: aʑo	 gloss: 1SG
B: word: ɯ-skɤt	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-language
C: word: kɯrɯ-skɤt	 gloss: Tibetan-language
D: word: ji-skɤt	 gloss: 1PL.POSS-language
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] ___ ɯ́-ɕe?
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] ___ QU-go:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`Do you want to become their queen?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The noun of cognition \japhug{tɯ-sɯm}{mind} occur in collocation with the motion verb \japhug{ɕe}{go} in the meaning `want to X' (§\ref{sec:motion.light.verbs}) with either finite clause as in (\ref{ex:jutWCe.asWm.mWjCe}) and (\ref{ex:CkunWrNgWa.asWm}) (see also \ref{ex:tutWndAm.nAsWm.WCe} in §\ref{sec:complement.taking.noun.possessor}) or an infinitival one as in (\ref{ex:kAti.WsWm.mWpjACe})(\ref{ex:CWkArNgW.asWm}).
A: word: ɯʑo	 gloss: 3SG
B: word: a-sɯm	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-mind
C: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
D: word: tɯ-sɯm	 gloss: GENR.POSS-mind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Japhug. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] ___ ɯ́-ɕe?
Gloss (with missing item): 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] ___ QU-go:FACT
The English translation of this sentence is:`Do you want to become their queen?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The possessive prefix on the com\-ple\-ment-taking noun encodes the experiencer, while the motion verb \japhug{ɕe}{go} remains in \textsc{3sg} form. When the complement clause is an infinitival clause, its subject must be coreferent with the experiencer in the main clause as in (\ref{ex:CWkArNgW.asWm}) and (\ref{ex:kAti.WsWm.mWpjACe}). However, when the complement clause is finite, subject corefence is possible (\ref{ex:CkunWrNgWa.asWm}, \ref{ex:tutWndAm.nAsWm.WCe}) but not required (\ref{ex:jutWCe.asWm.mWjCe}).
A: word: a-sɯm	 gloss: 1SG.POSS-mind
B: word: ɯ-zgra	 gloss: 3SG.POSS-noise
C: word: tɯ-sɯm	 gloss: GENR.POSS-mind
D: word: nɤ-sɯm	 gloss: 2SG.POSS-mind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D