cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 0:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ pándɛ̀ vâ b-ùdì báà bɛ
Gloss (with missing item): ___ arrive here ba2-person 2.DEM.PROX be.there
The English translation of this sentence is:`[He is going into the forest on the long path.] And having arrived here, these people are there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Conjoining two clauses with the conjunction {\itshape the morpheme ___} is the most frequent coordination strategy in the Gyeli corpus. {\itshape the morpheme ___} usually appears between two clauses in one utterance, but can also occur at the beginning of an utterance, linking the clause to the previous text, as in \REF{Coord}.
A: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
C: word: bé	 gloss: db8:ATT
D: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 1:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bon mpɔ̀ngɔ̀ sílɛ̃́ɛ̃̀ ___ béè ba-náyɛ̂yɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): OK[French] emptyset7.generation finish.COMPL ___ 2PL.COP 2-bleached.out
The English translation of this sentence is:`OK, the generation has been wiped out and you are bleached out [white].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjects are always overtly expressed in both coordinands if they are not identical. In \REF{Coord1}, for example, a lexical noun phrase serves as subject, while the second clause only marks subject agreement on the \textsc{stamp} copula. The two coordinands are asymmetrical in terms of their clause type. The first coordinand represents an intransitive verbal clause, while the second constitutes a non-verbal copula construction.
A: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
B: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
C: word: sâ	 gloss: make
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 2:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ya-H lɔ́ fúala ___ mɛ lɔ́ làwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL-PRS RETRO end ___ 1SG RETRO talk
The English translation of this sentence is:`We just finished and I just spoke.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \REF{Coord2} also has different subjects in the two coordinands. At the same time, it is noteworthy that both have the same aspect marker which cannot be elided in the second constituent.
A: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
B: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
C: word: wà	 gloss: 1:ATT
D: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 3:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ-H lámbo-H Nzàmbí wà nû ___ mɛ-H wúmbɛ-H lèmbo ɛ́ mpù a bùdɛ-H mɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG-PRS trap-R emptyset1.PN 1:ATT 1.DEM.PROX ___ 1SG-PRS want-R know LOC like.this 1 have-R 1SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`I trap this Nzambi and I want to know like this how he takes me (what he thinks of this story).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Although the subject of the second coordinand can be elided if it is identical with the subject of the first coordinand, there are circumstances in which speakers prefer overt subject expression in the second clause over elision. This is, for instance, the case when both coordinands are relatively complex, as in \REF{Coord3}.
A: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
B: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
C: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
D: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 4:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): dɔ̃̀ bɛ̀ya-H lɔ́ kɛ̀ ___ bɛ̀ya nzíí pándɛ
Gloss (with missing item): so[French] 2PL-PRS RETRO go ___ 2PL PROG.PRS arrive
The English translation of this sentence is:`So, you just came and you are arriving.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent Overt expression of the same subject is also preferred when the two coordinands differ in their aspect marking, as shown in \REF{Coord4}.
A: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
B: word: bé	 gloss: db8:ATT
C: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
D: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 5:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): be-kúmbɛ́ báà njì nà by-ɔ̂ ___ báà njì lwɔ̃̂ H-ma-ndáwɔ̀
Gloss (with missing item): be8-roof 2.FUT come COM 8-OBJ ___ 2.FUT come build OBJ.LINK-ma6-house
The English translation of this sentence is:`They will bring roofs and they will come and build houses.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another instance where the subject of the first coordinand is resumed in the second is when the two clauses differ with respect to their information structure. In \REF{Coord5}, the first coordinand has a left-dislocated object, while the second appears in basic word order.
A: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
B: word: tɔ̀	 gloss: even
C: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
D: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 6:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): vɛ̀ɛ̀ m-ùdì nyɛ jã́ã̀sà ___ kɛ̀-H jìí dé tù nà ndzǐ pámò dẽ̂
Gloss (with missing item): only N1-person 1 disappear ___ go-R emptyset7.forest LOC inside COM emptyset9.path arrive today
The English translation of this sentence is:`Suddenly the person disappears and goes in the forest on the path till today.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Subjects of second coordinands can be elided under identity with the first coordinand. The subject of the first coordinand, however, cannot be elided. Elision, where possible, is generally preferred over overt expression and occurs twice as often in the corpus as overt subject expression. An example of subject elision in the second coordinand is given in \REF{Coord6}.
A: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
C: word: nyɛ̂	 gloss: 1
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 7:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ ___ dvùwɔ-H dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go ___ stuff-R ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone and stuffed the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A very common conjunction type is represented in \REF{Coord7a}, which encodes a chain of events. First, the agent has gone and then stuffed the top of the roof with straw. The occurrence of the coordinator {\itshape the morpheme ___} clearly distinguishes the sentence in \REF{Coord7a} from the one in \REF{Coord7b}, where no coordinator is present.
A: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
B: word: mɛ́	 gloss: 1SG.PRS
C: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 8:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ nà ___ dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go CONJ ___ ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone and stuffed the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A very common conjunction type is represented in \REF{Coord7a}, which encodes a chain of events. First, the agent has gone and then stuffed the top of the roof with straw. The occurrence of the coordinator {\itshape nà} clearly distinguishes the sentence in \REF{Coord7a} from the one in \REF{Coord7b}, where no coordinator is present.
A: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
B: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
C: word: bálɛ-lɛ	 gloss: surpass-NEG
D: word: yíì	 gloss: COP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 9:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ ___ dvùwɔ-H dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go ___ stuff-R ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone and stuffed the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A very common conjunction type is represented in \REF{Coord7a}, which encodes a chain of events. First, the agent has gone and then stuffed the top of the roof with straw. The occurrence of the coordinator {\itshape the morpheme ___} clearly distinguishes the sentence in \REF{Coord7a} from the one in \REF{Coord7b}, where no coordinator is present.
A: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
C: word: m-ùdì/nzá	 gloss: N1-person/who
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 10:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ nà ___ dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go CONJ ___ ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone and stuffed the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A very common conjunction type is represented in \REF{Coord7a}, which encodes a chain of events. First, the agent has gone and then stuffed the top of the roof with straw. The occurrence of the coordinator {\itshape nà} clearly distinguishes the sentence in \REF{Coord7a} from the one in \REF{Coord7b}, where no coordinator is present.
A: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
B: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
C: word: kùga-h	 gloss: be.enough-R
D: word: le-kàá	 gloss: le5-kind
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 11:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ ___ dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go ___ ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone to stuff the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A very common conjunction type is represented in \REF{Coord7a}, which encodes a chain of events. First, the agent has gone and then its gloss ___ed the top of the roof with straw. The occurrence of the coordinator {\itshape nà} clearly distinguishes the sentence in \REF{Coord7a} from the one in \REF{Coord7b}, where no coordinator is present.
A: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
B: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
C: word: nânà/kânà	 gloss: or
D: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 12:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ ___ dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go ___ ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone to stuff the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent \REF{Coord7b} represents an instance of a complex auxiliary construction. As such, the verb {\itshape the morpheme ___} occurs in its infinitival form, i.e.\ with a final L tone. In contrast, under coordination as in \REF{Coord7a}, the verb is tonally inflected for tense and mood and thus occurs with an H tone.
A: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
B: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
C: word: w-ɔ̂	 gloss: 3-2SG.POSS
D: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 13:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ ___ dvùwɔ-H dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go ___ stuff-R ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone and stuffed the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent \REF{Coord7b} represents an instance of a complex auxiliary construction. As such, the verb {\itshape dvùwɔ} occurs in its infinitival form, i.e.\ with a final L tone. In contrast, under coordination as in \REF{Coord7a}, the verb is tonally inflected for tense and mood and thus occurs with an H tone.
A: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
B: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
C: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 14:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): áà sílɛ-H kɛ̀ nà ___ dyúwɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST2 finish-R go CONJ ___ ∅7.top
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has gone and stuffed the top [with straw].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent \REF{Coord7b} represents an instance of a complex auxiliary construction. As such, the verb {\itshape dvùwɔ} occurs in its infinitival form, i.e.\ with a final L tone. In contrast, under coordination as in \REF{Coord7a}, the verb is tonally inflected for tense and mood and thus occurs with an H tone.
A: word: dvùwɔ-h	 gloss: stuff-R
B: word: dvùwɔ	 gloss: stuff
C: word: yíì	 gloss: COP
D: word: pílì	 gloss: when
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 15:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wɛ-H ná báàla-H ___ nyɛ̂-H fí nà wɛ-H ndyándya-H ná sálɛ́ ɛ́ pɛ̀ nà wɛ-H kòla-H ná mɔ̀nɛ́ nû
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG-PRS again repeat-R ___ see-R different CONJ 2SG-PRS work-R again emptyset7.work LOC over.there CONJ 2SG-PRS add-R again emptyset1.money 1.DEM.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:`You repeat again and try something else [find other work] and you work there again and you add this money [the same amount of 250 Francs] again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, conjunction constructions can have multiple coordinands, as \REF{Coord8} shows. This complex example contains both coordinands with elided subjects and overt subject expression.
A: word: kɔ́ɔ̀	 gloss: SEQU
B: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
C: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 16:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wɛ-H ná báàla-H nà nyɛ̂-H fí ___ wɛ-H ndyándya-H ná sálɛ́ ɛ́ pɛ̀ nà wɛ-H kòla-H ná mɔ̀nɛ́ nû
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG-PRS again repeat-R CONJ see-R different ___ 2SG-PRS work-R again emptyset7.work LOC over.there CONJ 2SG-PRS add-R again emptyset1.money 1.DEM.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:`You repeat again and try something else [find other work] and you work there again and you add this money [the same amount of 250 Francs] again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, conjunction constructions can have multiple coordinands, as \REF{Coord8} shows. This complex example contains both coordinands with elided subjects and overt subject expression.
A: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: wɛ́	 gloss: ID
C: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wɛ-H ná báàla-H nà nyɛ̂-H fí nà wɛ-H ndyándya-H ná sálɛ́ ɛ́ pɛ̀ ___ wɛ-H kòla-H ná mɔ̀nɛ́ nû
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG-PRS again repeat-R CONJ see-R different CONJ 2SG-PRS work-R again emptyset7.work LOC over.there ___ 2SG-PRS add-R again emptyset1.money 1.DEM.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:`You repeat again and try something else [find other work] and you work there again and you add this money [the same amount of 250 Francs] again.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, conjunction constructions can have multiple coordinands, as \REF{Coord8} shows. This complex example contains both coordinands with elided subjects and overt subject expression.
A: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
B: word: púù	 gloss: emptyset7.reason
C: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
D: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ mi-mbàngá nà ma-sá nà be-gyí nà be-gyí by-ɛ́sɛ̀ béè sílɛ ntàmanɛ
Gloss (with missing item): ___ mi4-coconut.tree CONJ ma6-African.plum CONJ be8-what CONJ be8-what 8-all 8.FUT finish ruin
The English translation of this sentence is:`And the coconut trees and the African plum trees and so on and so forth, they will all be ruined.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The conjunction {\itshape the morpheme ___} is not only used in clausal coordination, but also in coordination of, for instance, noun phrases, as shown in \REF{Coord9}.
A: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
C: word: nyɛ̂	 gloss: 1
D: word: nà	 gloss: CONJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D