cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 167:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ̀ɛ̀ ___ dè
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.FUT ___ eat
The English translation of this sentence is:`[This tender child is good when you wrap it in a leaf package.] I will EAT it [the child].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If a clause contains a complex predicate with an auxiliary, the pronominal object under fronting appears between the auxiliary and the main verb, as shown in \REF{front2}. The context is the same as in \REF{front1}. Again, the protagonist of the story stresses what he is going to do with the child, namely eat it. The verb {\itshape dè} `eat' appears in focus position, since the pronoun {\itshape nyɛ̂} `him' is defocused.
A: word: by-ɔ̂	 gloss: 8-OBJ
B: word: dè	 gloss: eat
C: word: y-ɔ̂	 gloss: 7-OBJ
D: word: b-yɔ̀	 gloss: 8-OBJ
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 168:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ̀ɛ̀ y-ɔ̂ ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.FUT 7-OBJ ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`[This tender child is good when you wrap it in a leaf package.] I will EAT it [the child].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: If a clause contains a complex predicate with an auxiliary, the pronominal object under fronting appears between the auxiliary and the main verb, as shown in \REF{front2}. The context is the same as in \REF{front1}. Again, the protagonist of the story stresses what he is going to do with the child, namely its gloss ___ it. The verb {\itshape the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___' appears in focus position, since the pronoun {\itshape nyɛ̂} `him' is defocused.
A: word: dè-h	 gloss: eat-R
B: word: bálɛ	 gloss: surpass
C: word: dè	 gloss: eat
D: word: dè-h	 gloss: eat-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 169:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ nâ a múà ___ bíyɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1 COMP 1 PROSP ___ hit
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [the Bulu person says] that he is about to BEAT you [the Gyeli person].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A similar example is presented in \REF{front3}. Again, the predicate is complex with an aspectual auxiliary verb that is followed by a pronominal object so that the main verb occurs phrase finally. Here, the speaker explains the troubles the Bagyeli encounter with their Bulu neighbors.
A: word: wɛ̂	 gloss: 2SG.OBJ
B: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
C: word: nkwɛ̂	 gloss: emptyset3.basket
D: word: vâ	 gloss: here
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 170:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ nâ a múà wɛ̂ ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1 COMP 1 PROSP 2SG.OBJ ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [the Bulu person says] that he is about to BEAT you [the Gyeli person].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: A similar example is presented in \REF{front3}. Again, the predicate is complex with an aspectual auxiliary verb that is followed by a pronominal object so that the main verb occurs phrase finally. Here, the speaker explains the troubles the Bagyeli encounter with their Bulu neighbors.
A: word: ndísì	 gloss: emptyset3.rice
B: word: sɔ́lɛga	 gloss: chop
C: word: bíyɔ	 gloss: hit
D: word: píyɔ̀	 gloss: small
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 171:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: They are usually marked by the question marker {\itshape the morpheme ___} or {\itshape the morpheme ___nâ}, which grammatically marks a sentence as a question. The first version is the shorter default form {\itshape the morpheme ___}, as shown in \REF{Pits gloss ___1}, which also has a longer emphatic form {\itshape the morpheme ___nâ}, as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}. Both only occur at the beginning of a phrase.
A: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
B: word: báà	 gloss: 2.COP
C: word: nà	 gloss: Q
D: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 172:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you really see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: They are usually marked by the question marker {\itshape nà} or {\itshape the morpheme ___}, which grammatically marks a sentence as a question. The first version is the shorter default form {\itshape nà}, as shown in \REF{Pits gloss ___1}, which also has a longer emphatic form {\itshape the morpheme ___}, as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}. Both only occur at the beginning of a phrase.
A: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
B: word: nànâ	 gloss: Q
C: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
D: word: nákúndɛ̀kúndɛ̀	 gloss: ∅1.bean
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 173:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you really see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The emphatic question marker {\itshape the morpheme ___} in polar questions pragmatically expresses insistence or even disbelief. Thus, in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}, the speaker who asks the question rather expects the addressee to not have seen the person in question and insists on getting a true answer.
A: word: nànâ	 gloss: Q
B: word: sâ/kɔ́ɔ̀	 gloss: only
C: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
D: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 174:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Prosody does not seem to play a role in terms of indicating a question. Therefore, question markers are the only means to mark questions clearly as such, especially in polar questions that do not employ any other question indicating devices, in contrast to constituent questions, which use interrogatives. Nevertheless, the use of question markers is not obligatory, not even in polar questions, as shown in \REF{Pits gloss ___3}. In this example, it has to be clear from the context, however, that the sentence is a question. Otherwise, {\itshape the morpheme ___} as in \REF{Pits gloss ___1} has to be used.
A: word: nà	 gloss: Q
B: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
C: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
D: word: bɔ́-gà	 gloss: 2-other
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 175:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their syntactic function of marking a phrase as a question, question markers also have a pragmatic function. In contexts where it is clear that a phrase is meant as a question and {\itshape the morpheme ___} is still used, the question marker serves as marking emphasis. For instance, \REF{Pits gloss ___1} could also be translated as `Did you really see him?', just as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}. Using the longer form {\itshape the morpheme ___nâ}, as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}, is even more emphatic and indicates the speakers disbelief: speakers would also translate the question in \REF{Pits gloss ___2} as `Are you sure that you saw him?'
A: word: nà	 gloss: Q
B: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
C: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
D: word: gyí	 gloss: what
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 176:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you really see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their syntactic function of marking a phrase as a question, question markers also have a pragmatic function. In contexts where it is clear that a phrase is meant as a question and {\itshape nà} is still used, the question marker serves as marking emphasis. For instance, \REF{Pits gloss ___1} could also be translated as `Did you really see him?', just as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}. Using the longer form {\itshape the morpheme ___}, as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}, is even more emphatic and indicates the speakers disbelief: speakers would also translate the question in \REF{Pits gloss ___2} as `Are you sure that you saw him?'
A: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
B: word: nànâ	 gloss: Q
C: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
D: word: nákúndɛ̀kúndɛ̀	 gloss: ∅1.bean
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 177:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you really see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their syntactic function of marking a phrase as a question, question markers also have a pragmatic function. In contexts where it is clear that a phrase is meant as a question and {\itshape nà} is still used, the question marker serves as marking emphasis. For instance, \REF{Pits gloss ___1} could also be translated as `Did you really see him?', just as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}. Using the longer form {\itshape the morpheme ___}, as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}, is even more emphatic and indicates the speakers disbelief: speakers would also translate the question in \REF{Pits gloss ___2} as `Are you sure that you saw him?'
A: word: mà-ntúà	 gloss: ma6-mango
B: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
C: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
D: word: nànâ	 gloss: Q
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 178:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ nyɛ̂-H nyɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PST1 see-R 1.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`Did you really see him?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In addition to their syntactic function of marking a phrase as a question, question markers also have a pragmatic function. In contexts where it is clear that a phrase is meant as a question and {\itshape nà} is still used, the question marker serves as marking emphasis. For instance, \REF{Pits gloss ___1} could also be translated as `Did you really see him?', just as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}. Using the longer form {\itshape the morpheme ___}, as in \REF{Pits gloss ___2}, is even more emphatic and indicates the speakers disbelief: speakers would also translate the question in \REF{Pits gloss ___2} as `Are you sure that you saw him?'
A: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
B: word: nànâ	 gloss: Q
C: word: mí-mbàngá	 gloss: mi4-nut
D: word: dè	 gloss: eat
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 179:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ púù yá gyí wɛ̀ pálɛ́ gyàga H-ma-nyâ
Gloss (with missing item): ___ emptyset7.reason 7:ATT what 2SG.PST1 NEG.PST buy OBJ.LINK-ma6-milk
The English translation of this sentence is:`Why didn't you buy milk?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\itshape the morpheme ___} can also co-occur with interrogatives, as shown in \REF{Pits gloss ___4}. {\itshape the morpheme ___} is not required to indicate that the sentence is a question, since this is already achieved through the interrogative construction {\itshape púù yá gyí} `why'. It seems, however, that {\itshape the morpheme ___} here has an emphasizing function.
A: word: nà	 gloss: Q
B: word: ngáà	 gloss: Q(tag)
C: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
D: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 180:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nà ___ yá gyí wɛ̀ pálɛ́ gyàga H-ma-nyâ
Gloss (with missing item): Q ___ 7:ATT what 2SG.PST1 NEG.PST buy OBJ.LINK-ma6-milk
The English translation of this sentence is:`Why didn't you buy milk?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\itshape nà} can also co-occur with interrogatives, as shown in \REF{PQ4}. {\itshape nà} is not required to indicate that the sentence is a question, since this is already achieved through the interrogative construction {\itshape the morpheme ___ yá gyí} `why'. It seems, however, that {\itshape nà} here has an emphasizing function.
A: word: mbvúndá	 gloss: emptyset9.trouble
B: word: púù	 gloss: emptyset7.reason
C: word: bálɛ-lɛ	 gloss: surpass-NEG
D: word: núù	 gloss: 1.PST2
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 181:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nà púù ___ gyí wɛ̀ pálɛ́ gyàga H-ma-nyâ
Gloss (with missing item): Q emptyset7.reason ___ what 2SG.PST1 NEG.PST buy OBJ.LINK-ma6-milk
The English translation of this sentence is:`Why didn't you buy milk?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\itshape nà} can also co-occur with interrogatives, as shown in \REF{PQ4}. {\itshape nà} is not required to indicate that the sentence is a question, since this is already achieved through the interrogative construction {\itshape púù the morpheme ___ gyí} `why'. It seems, however, that {\itshape nà} here has an emphasizing function.
A: word: má	 gloss: 6:ATT
B: word: yá	 gloss: 7:ATT
C: word: mɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
D: word: dyá	 gloss: lie.down
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 182:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nà púù yá ___ wɛ̀ pálɛ́ gyàga H-ma-nyâ
Gloss (with missing item): Q emptyset7.reason 7:ATT ___ 2SG.PST1 NEG.PST buy OBJ.LINK-ma6-milk
The English translation of this sentence is:`Why didn't you buy milk?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\itshape nà} can also co-occur with interrogatives, as shown in \REF{PQ4}. {\itshape nà} is not required to indicate that the sentence is a question, since this is already achieved through the interrogative construction {\itshape púù yá the morpheme ___} `why'. It seems, however, that {\itshape nà} here has an emphasizing function.
A: word: gyíbɔ-h	 gloss: call-R
B: word: gyí	 gloss: what
C: word: ndáà	 gloss: also
D: word: yíì	 gloss: COP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 183:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ wɛ̀ɛ́ kwàlɛ-lɛ
Gloss (with missing item): ___ 2SG.PRS.NEG like-NEG
The English translation of this sentence is:`Who don't you like?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: For object questions, the same interrogative pronouns are used as for subject questions. In \REF{OCQ1}, the object interrogative pronoun {\itshape the morpheme ___} `its gloss ___' is left dislocated to the beginning of the phrase. As \REF{OCQ1b} shows, this also holds for negated questions. Both questions occur in O S V (X) word order.
A: word: m-ùdì/nzá	 gloss: N1-person/who
B: word: nzá	 gloss: who
C: word: dyɔ̀dɛ	 gloss: deceive
D: word: wɛ̂	 gloss: 2SG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 184:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ dvúɔ̀-H nkû
Gloss (with missing item): ___ hurt-R emptyset3.foot
The English translation of this sentence is:`My foot hurts.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Possessor raising is a pervasive phenomenon in Gyeli. While I use the term possessor raising in line with the literature on this topic, I do not imply an analysis of raising in the syntactic tree, but rather a marked possession construction. Thus, the possessor can be expressed as the subject or object of a clause, avoiding adnominal possession marking and benefactive obliques. In \REF{PR1}, the possessor is expressed in the subject.
A: word: wɛ-h	 gloss: 2SG-PRS
B: word: mɛ́	 gloss: 1SG.PRS
C: word: h-be-ntùgú	 gloss: dbOBJ.LINK-be8-potato
D: word: mɛ-h	 gloss: 1SG-PRS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D