cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 17:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ ___ (nû)
Gloss (with missing item): 1.SBJ ___ (1.DEM.PROX)
The English translation of this sentence is:`This is him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The second type of construction where {\itshape the morpheme ___} is used is without a predicate. In \REF{we5}, the parentheses indicate that the use of the demonstrative is optional. Often, the demonstrative is not expressed, so that only the subject and {\itshape the morpheme ___} surface. In that sense, {\itshape the morpheme ___} is not a real copula here, since it does not link a subject to another constituent. It has its origin, however, in a copula construction. Environments where {\itshape the morpheme ___} is used phrase finally, i.e.\ without demonstrative or anaphoric marker, are usually those where the subject is a personal pronoun as in \REF{we5}.
A: word: wɛ́ɛ̀	 gloss: 2.PST2
B: word: máà	 gloss: 6.ID
C: word: wɛ́	 gloss: ID
D: word: ma-ndáwɔ̀	 gloss: ma6-house
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 18:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ ___ (nû)
Gloss (with missing item): 1.SBJ ___ (1.DEM.PROX)
The English translation of this sentence is:`This is him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The second type of construction where {\itshape the morpheme ___} is used is without a predicate. In \REF{we5}, the parentheses indicate that the use of the demonstrative is optional. Often, the demonstrative is not expressed, so that only the subject and {\itshape the morpheme ___} surface. In that sense, {\itshape the morpheme ___} is not a real copula here, since it does not link a subject to another constituent. It has its origin, however, in a copula construction. Environments where {\itshape the morpheme ___} is used phrase finally, i.e.\ without demonstrative or anaphoric marker, are usually those where the subject is a personal pronoun as in \REF{we5}.
A: word: máà	 gloss: 6.ID
B: word: wɛ́	 gloss: ID
C: word: vé	 gloss: where
D: word: wɛ́ɛ̀	 gloss: 2.PST2
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 19:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mhm mɛ Nzìwù ___
Gloss (with missing item): EXCL 1SG.SBJ emptyset1.PN ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`Mhm, I'm Nziwu.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Such identificational constructions show a particular structure when they involve a proper name, as in \REF{we6}. Here, the personal pronoun is followed by the proper name and the identificational marker {\itshape the morpheme ___} occurs phrase finally. They differ from the above examples in that {\itshape the morpheme ___} is not a linking element, but rather functions as a deictic itself. In this view, it is not surprising that proper name constructions with {\itshape the morpheme ___} do not involve demonstratives or anaphoric markers.
A: word: wɛ́ɛ̀	 gloss: 2.PST2
B: word: máà	 gloss: 6.ID
C: word: wɛ́	 gloss: ID
D: word: vɛ́	 gloss: where
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 20:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ntɛ́mbɔ̀ wà m-ùdã̂ w-ã̂ nyɛ ___ bùdɛ-H m-wánɔ̀ wà m-ùdã̂ m-vúdũ̂
Gloss (with missing item): emptyset1.younger.sibling 1:ATT N1-woman 1-POSS.1SG 1 ___ dbhave-R N1-child 1:ATT N1-woman 1-one
The English translation of this sentence is:`It's my wife's younger sister who has one girl.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, {\itshape the morpheme ___} is also used in cleft constructions, as shown in \REF{we7}. The structure of the identificational clause is parallel to the one in \REF{we5} without a demonstrative predicate, namely {\itshape nyɛ̀ the morpheme ___}, except that the subject is more complex, specifying who {\itshape nyɛ̀} is. The identificational clause is followed by a relative clause which, in this case, does not have an attributive marker to indicate the relative clause.\footnote{For more information on relative clauses, see \sectref{sec:Relativeclauses}.}
A: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: wɛ́	 gloss: ID
C: word: wɛ́ɛ̀	 gloss: 2.PST2
D: word: máà	 gloss: 6.ID
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 21:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ ___ (nû)
Gloss (with missing item): 1.SBJ ___ (1.DEM.PROX)
The English translation of this sentence is:`This is him.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, {\itshape the morpheme ___} is also used in cleft constructions, as shown in \REF{we7}. The structure of the identificational clause is parallel to the one in \REF{we5} without a demonstrative predicate, namely {\itshape nyɛ̀ the morpheme ___}, except that the subject is more complex, specifying who {\itshape nyɛ̀} is. The identificational clause is followed by a relative clause which, in this case, does not have an attributive marker to indicate the relative clause.\footnote{For more information on relative clauses, see \sectref{sec:Relativeclauses}.}
A: word: wɛ́	 gloss: ID
B: word: wɛ́ɛ̀	 gloss: 2.PST2
C: word: dè	 gloss: eat
D: word: máà	 gloss: 6.ID
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 22:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): lûngà yá sã́ w-ã̂ y-ɔ̂ ___ yíí
Gloss (with missing item): emptyset7.grave 7:ATT emptyset1.father 1-POSS.1SG 7-OBJ ___ 7.DEM.DIST
The English translation of this sentence is:`My father's grave is over there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subsubsection*{Tense expression with {\itshape bɛ̀} `be'} The verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} can be used in all tense-mood categories. Even though for the \textsc{present} tense-mood category, non-verbal copula types are usually used, {\itshape bɛ̀} can serve also as a copula in the \textsc{present}. This seems to mainly occur when the nominal subject is focused by an emphatically used object pronoun, as in \REF{beEMPH1} and \REF{beEMPH2}.
A: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
B: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
C: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
D: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 23:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ngùndyá tè nyɔ̂ ___ nyî
Gloss (with missing item): ∅9.raffia there 9.OBJ ___ 9.DEM.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:`That is raffia there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \subsubsection*{Tense expression with {\itshape bɛ̀} `be'} The verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} can be used in all tense-mood categories. Even though for the \textsc{present} tense-mood category, non-verbal copula types are usually used, {\itshape bɛ̀} can serve also as a copula in the \textsc{present}. This seems to mainly occur when the nominal subject is focused by an emphatically used object pronoun, as in \REF{beEMPH1} and \REF{beEMPH2}.
A: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
B: word: sâ	 gloss: make
C: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
D: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 24:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): bon pílì yi-H báàla-H nà ___ ndɛ̀náà ndɛ̀náà ndáà ná
Gloss (with missing item): good[French] when 7-PRS repeat-R COM ___ like.that like.that also still
The English translation of this sentence is:`So, when it continues and is still like this and like that. . .'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Also, special construction types can trigger the use of {\itshape the morpheme ___} as copula in the \textsc{present}. For instance, the copula {\itshape the morpheme ___} can occur as the second constituent in a verbal coordination, as in \REF{its gloss ___coord}. In order to keep the verbal structure of the first constituent, and share the first constituent's subject {\itshape yí} `it', the copula of the second constituent is verbal as well.
A: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
B: word: mà-ntúà	 gloss: ma6-mango
C: word: ba-kɔ́bɛ̀	 gloss: ba2-cup
D: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 25:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nà bí b-ɛ́sɛ̀ kɔ́ɔ̀ kùrã̂ ___ dé tù
Gloss (with missing item): COM 1PL.SBJ 2-all still emptyset7.electricity ___ LOC inside
The English translation of this sentence is:`For all of us, there ought to be electricity inside [the houses].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another special construction type in the \textsc{present} where a verbal copula is chosen over the non-verbal copulas involves sentential modifiers, as illustrated in \REF{kooits gloss ___}. Certain sentential modifiers such as {\itshape kɔ́ɔ̀} `still' require an infinitival construction, as further discussed in \sectref{sec:SentMod}.
A: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
B: word: ba-kɔ́bɛ̀	 gloss: ba2-cup
C: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
D: word: nákúndɛ̀kúndɛ̀	 gloss: ∅1.bean
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 26:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): yɔ́ɔ̀ ngã̀ nû a ___ ngã̂
Gloss (with missing item): so ∅1.healer 1.DEM.PROX 1.PST1 ___ ∅1.healer
The English translation of this sentence is:`So, this healer was a healer.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Besides these special cases in the \textsc{present}, the verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} is used in other tense-mood categories. This is shown for the \textsc{recent past} in \REF{bepst1a} and \REF{bepst1b}. \REF{bepst1a} represents a nominal predicate, while \REF{bepst1b} gives an example where the predicate is an interrogative pronoun.
A: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
B: word: wɛ̂	 gloss: 2SG
C: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
D: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 27:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ vɛ́
Gloss (with missing item): 6.PST1 ___ where
The English translation of this sentence is:`Where were they [the houses]?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Besides these special cases in the \textsc{present}, the verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} is used in other tense-mood categories. This is shown for the \textsc{recent past} in \REF{bepst1a} and \REF{bepst1b}. \REF{bepst1a} represents a nominal predicate, while \REF{bepst1b} gives an example where the predicate is an interrogative pronoun.
A: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
B: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
C: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
D: word: béè	 gloss: 8.FUT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 28:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): yɔ́ɔ̀ ngã̀ nû a ___ ngã̂
Gloss (with missing item): so ∅1.healer 1.DEM.PROX 1.PST1 ___ ∅1.healer
The English translation of this sentence is:`So, this healer was a healer.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Besides these special cases in the \textsc{present}, the verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} is used in other tense-mood categories. This is shown for the \textsc{recent past} in \REF{bepst1a} and \REF{bepst1b}. \REF{bepst1a} represents a nominal predicate, while \REF{bepst1b} gives an example where the predicate is an interrogative pronoun.
A: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
B: word: tsìl-a-h	 gloss: write-PASS-R
C: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
D: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 29:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ma ___ vɛ́
Gloss (with missing item): 6.PST1 ___ where
The English translation of this sentence is:`Where were they [the houses]?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Besides these special cases in the \textsc{present}, the verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} is used in other tense-mood categories. This is shown for the \textsc{recent past} in \REF{bepst1a} and \REF{bepst1b}. \REF{bepst1a} represents a nominal predicate, while \REF{bepst1b} gives an example where the predicate is an interrogative pronoun.
A: word: ɛ́-ma-nkɛ̃̂	 gloss: dbLOC?-ma6-field
B: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
C: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
D: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 30:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): yɔ́ɔ̀ Nzàmbí nɔ́-gá núù ___ Nzàmbí wà gyí
Gloss (with missing item): so ∅1.PN 1-other 1.PST2 ___ ∅1.PN 1:ATT what
The English translation of this sentence is:`So which Nzambi was the other Nzambi?'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent Similarly, {\itshape bɛ̀} can be used in the \textsc{remote past}, as shown in \REF{bepst2}.
A: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
B: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
C: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
D: word: h-be-ntùgú	 gloss: dbOBJ.LINK-be8-potato
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 31:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wú ___ mà bî ndáwɔ̀ dé tù
Gloss (with missing item): 3 ___ COMPL[Kwasio] 1PL.OBJ emptyset9.house LOC inside
The English translation of this sentence is:`[I wish] that it was already in our houses!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, the verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} can even take the \textsc{absolute completive} aspect marker {\itshape mà}, as shown in \REF{bema}. This, however, seems to be the only possible combination of the verbal copula and aspect marking, excluding all other aspect markers (\tabref{Tab:Aspect}). Also, it is noteworthy that this construction has been observed several times with the Mabi version of the completive aspect marker {\itshape mà} as an instance of code-switching, but has never been noticed with the Gyeli form of the aspect marker {\itshape mɔ̀}.
A: word: mɛ̀	 gloss: 1SG.OBJ
B: word: kì-h	 gloss: say-R
C: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
D: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 32:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wú bɛ̀-H ___ bî ndáwɔ̀ dé tù
Gloss (with missing item): 3 be-R ___ 1PL.OBJ emptyset9.house LOC inside
The English translation of this sentence is:`[I wish] that it was already in our houses!'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, the verbal copula {\itshape bɛ̀} can even take the \textsc{absolute completive} aspect marker {\itshape the morpheme ___}, as shown in \REF{bema}. This, however, seems to be the only possible combination of the verbal copula and aspect marking, excluding all other aspect markers (\tabref{Tab:Aspect}). Also, it is noteworthy that this construction has been observed several times with the Mabi version of the completive aspect marker {\itshape the morpheme ___} as an instance of code-switching, but has never been noticed with the Gyeli form of the aspect marker {\itshape mɔ̀}.
A: word: bèyá	 gloss: 2PL[Kwasio]
B: word: mà	 gloss: COMPL[Kwasio]
C: word: vɛ̀ɛ̀	 gloss: only
D: word: màmbì	 gloss: emptyset1.PN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 33:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ̀ɛ́ ___ m-ùdì wà le-kɛ́lɛ̀
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PRS.NEG ___ N1-person 1:ATT le5-word
The English translation of this sentence is:`I'm not a person of many words.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\itshape bɛ̀} is the only copula type that can be used in negated copula constructions. This holds for all predication types as well as for all tense-mood categories, including the \textsc{present}. Thus, the negated form {\itshape bɛ́lɛ́} is used in the \textsc{present}, for instance with a nominal predicate, as in \REF{bele1}.
A: word: h-be-bã́ã̀	 gloss: dbOBJ.LINK-be8-word
B: word: sâ-lɛ́	 gloss: do-NEG
C: word: lá-lɛ́	 gloss: play-NEG
D: word: bɛ́-lɛ́	 gloss: be-NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 34:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nkwànò wu-H ___ mpà
Gloss (with missing item): emptyset3.honey 3-PRS ___ good
The English translation of this sentence is:`The honey is not good.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent The same construction is used with adjectival predicates, as in \REF{bele2}.
A: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
B: word: sâ-lɛ́	 gloss: do-NEG
C: word: bíyɔ	 gloss: hit
D: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 35:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ nâ mɛ̀ɛ́ ___ wû
Gloss (with missing item): 1 COMP 1SG.PRS.NEG ___ there
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [says]: ``I'm not there''.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent Also deictic predicates have been found with a negated copula {\itshape bɛ́lɛ́}, as in \REF{bele3}.
A: word: nyɛ̂	 gloss: 1
B: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
C: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
D: word: sâ-lɛ́	 gloss: do-NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C