cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 55:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): gbĩ́-gbĩ̀-gbĩ́-gbĩ̀-gbĩ́ a ___ nà bábɛ̀ tí wúmbɛ wɛ̀
Gloss (with missing item): IDEO:roaming 1 ___ COM ∅7.illness NEG want-R die
The English translation of this sentence is:`[imitation of the disease roaming in his body] He was about to be sick, not wanting to die.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The expression of predicate possession is also possible with {\itshape the morpheme ___} in conjunction with the comitative marker {\itshape nà}. Again, this is restricted to the \textsc{recent past}, as \REF{muana} shows.
A: word: nzíi-h	 gloss: PROG-PRS
B: word: múà	 gloss: PROSP
C: word: sâ	 gloss: make
D: word: ma-ntúà	 gloss: ma6-mango
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 56:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): gbĩ́-gbĩ̀-gbĩ́-gbĩ̀-gbĩ́ a múà ___ bábɛ̀ tí wúmbɛ wɛ̀
Gloss (with missing item): IDEO:roaming 1 PROSP ___ ∅7.illness NEG want-R die
The English translation of this sentence is:`[imitation of the disease roaming in his body] He was about to be sick, not wanting to die.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The expression of predicate possession is also possible with {\itshape múà} in conjunction with the comitative marker {\itshape the morpheme ___}. Again, this is restricted to the \textsc{recent past}, as \REF{muana} shows.
A: word: nà	 gloss: COM
B: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
C: word: nâ	 gloss: COMP
D: word: nákúndɛ̀kúndɛ̀	 gloss: ∅1.bean
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 57:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ya ___ bɛ̀ nà b-ùdã̂
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL ___ be COM ba2-woman
The English translation of this sentence is:`We did not have any women.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent {\itshape múà nà} cannot be directly negated, but requires the \textsc{past} negation words {\itshape sàlɛ́} or {\itshape the morpheme ___} as in \REF{besale} and \REF{bepale}.
A: word: sálɛ́	 gloss: work.7
B: word: pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST.R
C: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
D: word: pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 58:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ya pálɛ́ ___ nà b-ùdã̂
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL NEG.PST ___ COM ba2-woman
The English translation of this sentence is:`We did not have any women.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent {\itshape múà nà} cannot its gloss ___ directly negated, but requires the \textsc{past} negation words {\itshape sàlɛ́} or {\itshape pálɛ́} as in \REF{its gloss ___sale} and \REF{its gloss ___pale}.
A: word: kí	 gloss: NEG
B: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
C: word: ba-kɔ́bɛ̀	 gloss: ba2-cup
D: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 59:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ya pálɛ́ bɛ̀ ___ b-ùdã̂
Gloss (with missing item): 1PL NEG.PST be ___ ba2-woman
The English translation of this sentence is:`We did not have any women.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent {\itshape múà the morpheme ___} cannot be directly negated, but requires the \textsc{past} negation words {\itshape sàlɛ́} or {\itshape pálɛ́} as in \REF{besale} and \REF{bepale}.
A: word: vɛ́	 gloss: where
B: word: nà	 gloss: COM
C: word: nàmɛ́nɔ́	 gloss: tomorrow
D: word: nâ	 gloss: COMP
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 60:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ba-H ___ bvúbvù
Gloss (with missing item): 2-PRS ___ lots
The English translation of this sentence is:`They have lots.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: {\itshape the morpheme ___} differs from other verbs including the copula {\itshape bɛ̀} in its tonal behavior on the \textsc{stamp} marker. Comparable to, for instance, the \textsc{future} tense-mood category, the first and second person singular and the \textsc{stamp} marker of class 1 have a different tonal pattern, namely an L tone, than the \textsc{stamp} markers of the other agreement classes, which have an H tone, as in \REF{budeb}. As to the tonal shape of the verb {\itshape the morpheme ___}, it always ends in an H tone, which suggests that it belongs to the realis mood, as discussed in \sectref{sec:SynH}. Since {\itshape the morpheme ___} never occurs phrase finally, however, it is not possible to prove that its final TBU is underlyingly L. I therefore gloss the realis H tone as being inherent to the verb.
A: word: bɛ̀-lɛ	 gloss: be-NEG
B: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
C: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 61:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ̀ ___ b-wánɔ̀ bá-báà
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ ba2-child 2-two
The English translation of this sentence is:`I have two children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicates in constructions with {\itshape the morpheme ___} are all nominal or extended nominal noun phrases, as examples \REF{bude1} through \REF{bude3} show. In \REF{bude1}, the predicate is a noun modified by a numeral.
A: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
B: word: b-yɔ̀	 gloss: 8-OBJ
C: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 62:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): vɛ̂ mɛ̂ sâ m-wánɔ̀ w-ɔ́ɔ̀ wà wɛ ___ nû
Gloss (with missing item): give.IMP 1SG.OBJ only N1-child 1-POSS.2SG db1:ATT 2SG ___ 1:DEM.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:`Give me only your child that you have here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicates in constructions with {\itshape the morpheme ___} are all nominal or extended nominal noun phrases, as examples \REF{bude1} through \REF{bude3} show. In \REF{bude1}, the predicate is a noun modified by a numeral.
A: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
B: word: nzíí	 gloss: PROG.PRS
C: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
D: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 63:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ̀ ___ b-wánɔ̀ bá-báà
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.SBJ ___ ba2-child 2-two
The English translation of this sentence is:`I have two children.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The predicates in constructions with {\itshape the morpheme ___} are all nominal or extended nominal noun phrases, as examples \REF{bude1} through \REF{bude3} show. In \REF{bude1}, the predicate is a noun modified by a numeral.
A: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
B: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
C: word: gyí	 gloss: what
D: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 64:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): pílì wɛ-H kɛ̀-H nâ wɛ-H kɛ̀-H tɔ́kɛ m-wánɔ̀ sáyà bvúlɛ̀ a ___ H-le-bvúú nà mɛ̂
Gloss (with missing item): when 2SG-PRS go-R COMP 2SG-PRS go-R collect N1-child emptyset7.thing ba2.Bulu 1 ___ OBJ.LINK-le5-anger COM 1SG.OBJ
The English translation of this sentence is:`When you go to go gather a small thing, the Bulu is angry with me.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent In \REF{bude2}, the predicate is nominal as well, followed by a comitative construction, which literally translates as `the Bulu has anger with me.'
A: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
B: word: ma-ndáwɔ̀	 gloss: ma6-house
C: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 65:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): vɛ̂ mɛ̂ sâ m-wánɔ̀ w-ɔ́ɔ̀ wà wɛ ___ nû
Gloss (with missing item): give.IMP 1SG.OBJ only N1-child 1-POSS.2SG db1:ATT 2SG ___ 1:DEM.PROX
The English translation of this sentence is:`Give me only your child that you have here.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent {\itshape the morpheme ___} can also occur in relative clauses, as \REF{bude3} shows. Here, the relative clause modifies the object noun phrase {\itshape mwánɔ̀ wɔ́ɔ̀}. The demonstrative following {\itshape the morpheme ___} is coreferential with this object noun phrase.
A: word: vɛ̀ɛ̀	 gloss: only
B: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
C: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
D: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 66:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ mà m-ùdã̂
Gloss (with missing item): 1 ___ COMPL[Kwasio] N1-woman
The English translation of this sentence is:`He already has a wife.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The distribution of {\itshape the morpheme ___} seems to be restricted to the \textsc{present} tense-mood category. Given the special tonal pattern of the \textsc{stamp} marker, which differs from the general \textsc{present} tonal pattern, tense-mood category affiliation cannot be determined by the default tonal shape. Speakers consistently translate clauses with {\itshape the morpheme ___} with the \textsc{present}. The same is true for the special construction involving the Kwasio loan form of the \textsc{absolute completive} marker {\itshape mà}. As discussed in \sectref{sec:COMPL}, the Gyeli completive marker {\itshape mɔ̀/-Ṽ} is restricted to the \textsc{recent past}. In \REF{budema}, however, it occurs with {\itshape the morpheme ___} and speakers translate the sentence in the \textsc{present} into French as {\itshape Il a déjà une femme.}
A: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
B: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
C: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: béè	 gloss: 8.FUT
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 67:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a bùdɛ́ ___ m-ùdã̂
Gloss (with missing item): 1 have.R ___ N1-woman
The English translation of this sentence is:`He already has a wife.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The distribution of {\itshape bùdɛ́} seems to be restricted to the \textsc{present} tense-mood category. Given the special tonal pattern of the \textsc{stamp} marker, which differs from the general \textsc{present} tonal pattern, tense-mood category affiliation cannot be determined by the default tonal shape. Speakers consistently translate clauses with {\itshape bùdɛ́} with the \textsc{present}. The same is true for the special construction involving the Kwasio loan form of the \textsc{absolute completive} marker {\itshape the morpheme ___}. As discussed in \sectref{sec:COMPL}, the Gyeli completive marker {\itshape mɔ̀/-Ṽ} is restricted to the \textsc{recent past}. In \REF{budema}, however, it occurs with {\itshape bùdɛ́} and speakers translate the sentence in the \textsc{present} into French as {\itshape Il a déjà une femme.}
A: word: ba-gyɛ̀lì	 gloss: ba2-Gyeli
B: word: bèyá	 gloss: 2PL[Kwasio]
C: word: mà	 gloss: COMPL[Kwasio]
D: word: màmbì	 gloss: emptyset1.PN
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 68:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ́ mɛ ___ nâ ɛ́ pɛ̀ ɛ́ wû bèya-H lwɔ̃̂-H kwádɔ́ y-ã̂ ɛ́ wû
Gloss (with missing item): but[French] 1SG ___ COMP LOC over.there LOC there 2PL[Kwasio]-PRS build-R emptyset7.village 7-POSS.1SG LOC there
The English translation of this sentence is:`But I say that over there, there you (pl.) ought to build my village over there.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, {\itshape the morpheme ___} is also used in the quotative index of reported speech (see \sectref{sec:RD} for more information), as shown in \REF{budeQI1} and \REF{budeQI2}. Generally, there seems to be a tendency that {\itshape the morpheme ___} as a verb in a quotative index indicates some kind of wish or order, as both examples illustrate.
A: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
B: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
C: word: nyɛ̀-gà	 gloss: 1.SBJ-CONTR
D: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 69:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___ nâ a-H lwɔ́ngɔ-H mɛ̂ ma-ndáwɔ̀
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ COMP 1-PRS build[Kwasio]-R 1SG.OBJ ma6-house
The English translation of this sentence is:`I say that she [Nadine] ought to build me houses.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Finally, {\itshape the morpheme ___} is also used in the quotative index of reported speech (see \sectref{sec:RD} for more information), as shown in \REF{budeQI1} and \REF{budeQI2}. Generally, there seems to be a tendency that {\itshape the morpheme ___} as a verb in a quotative index indicates some kind of wish or order, as both examples illustrate.
A: word: bùdɛ-h	 gloss: have-R
B: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
C: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: bɔ́-gà	 gloss: 2-other
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 70:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): be-kálàdɛ̀ be-H ___ nà b-ùdì
Gloss (with missing item): dbbe8-book 8-PRS ___ dbdbCOM ba2-person
The English translation of this sentence is:`Books are written (by people).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Another diagnostic that is often used in determining objects in Bantu is passivization. In Gyeli, passivization is a rare process that mostly shows up in elicitations, but not in natural speech. I therefore do not consider passivization a good diagnostic for objecthood, even though simple constructions such as in \REF{passdefa} yield the expected results. As described in \sectref{sec:PASS}, the object of an active construction, as in \REF{passdef1a}, corresponds to the subject of a passive construction, as in \REF{passdef2a}, while the subject of an active construction can optionally be expressed as an oblique in the passive construction.
A: word: lã̀-h	 gloss: pass-R
B: word: tsìl-a-h	 gloss: write-PASS-R
C: word: n-kɛ̀l-a-h	 gloss: NOM-hang-PASS-NOM
D: word: bɛ̀-h	 gloss: be-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 71:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): wɛ nzíí bàlɛ ___
Gloss (with missing item): 2SG PROG.PRS keep ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`You are recording the story [lit. you are keeping the words].'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Objects in Gyeli are marked by a syntactic H\footnote{Bantu languages are well known for their inflectional melodic tones on verb stems \citep{odden2014}, yet tonal alternations that are realized after the verb, entering the syntax of the broader VP, are less studied. Tone-cases reported for some western Bantu languages, e.g. in Otjiherero R31 \citep{Wal2015}, constitute a famous exception, illustrating that tonal alternations on the object noun class prefix correlate with object and information structure marking in a subset of tenses. Other phenomena that possibly include tonal alternations on postverbal material are the conjoint/disjoint distinction, broadly related to information structure distinctions in eastern Bantu \citep{Wal2017}, and ``metatony'' in northwestern Bantu, e.g. in Abo A42 \citep{hyman2012}, where immediate-after-verb nominal object prefixes surface H if they follow verbs ending H. In both cases, however, the tonal alternation of object nouns originates from and depends on the tonal shape of the preceding verb, which is not the case in Gyeli.} tone that attaches to underlyingly toneless tone bearing units of the object noun, namely to CV- noun class prefixes.\footnote{There is one other toneless element that the syntactic object-linking H tone can be realized on, namely the verbal plural particle {\itshape nga} (\sectref{sec:nga}), which seems to ``steal'' the object-linking H tone from the object.} I gloss this object-linking H tone as ``{\OBJ}.{\LINK}''. Thus, in \REF{LINK1}, the object receives an H tone, attaching to the noun class prefix, which is underlyingly toneless.
A: word: b-ã́ã̀	 gloss: 2-1SG.POSS
B: word: béé	 gloss: 2PL.SBJ
C: word: h-be-bã́ã̀	 gloss: dbOBJ.LINK-be8-word
D: word: h-be-ntùgú	 gloss: dbOBJ.LINK-be8-potato
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 72:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ pàlɛ́ kɛ̀ dyɔ̂ ___ má-lálɛ̀
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG NEG.PST go sleep ___ 6-three
The English translation of this sentence is:`I haven't slept in three days.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent In contrast, in \REF{notone}, the noun phrase following the verb is not marked with an H tone, indicating its status as an oblique.
A: word: kwé-hl	 gloss: fall-IMP
B: word: ma-fú	 gloss: dbma6-day
C: word: m-wánɔ̀	 gloss: N1-child
D: word: ma-fwálá	 gloss: ma6-end
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B