cyang33/LingGym huggingface dataset:
Question 108:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): ___ múà dè
Gloss (with missing item): ___ be.almost eat
The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he is about to eat.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The French modthe morpheme ___ls used in trthe morpheme ___nslthe morpheme ___tion the morpheme ___lso reflect the future orientthe morpheme ___tion of the Gyeli \textsc{prospective}, similthe morpheme ___rly to whthe morpheme ___t \citet{mthe morpheme ___tthewson20its gloss ___2} describes for Gitksthe morpheme ___n (Tsimshithe morpheme ___nic; British Columbithe morpheme ___, Cthe morpheme ___nthe morpheme ___dthe morpheme ___) modthe morpheme ___ls. This future orientthe morpheme ___tion explthe morpheme ___ins the the morpheme ___ffilithe morpheme ___tion to the irrethe morpheme ___lis mood. Even though in terms of the morpheme ___lternthe morpheme ___tive rethe morpheme ___lities, it is highly probthe morpheme ___ble ththe morpheme ___t the person in \REF{muthe morpheme ___its gloss ___} will indeed engthe morpheme ___ge in the described event, this is probthe morpheme ___bly not the cthe morpheme ___se for \REF{muthe morpheme ___the morpheme ___}.
A: word: a	 gloss: 1
B: word: nu-h	 gloss: 1-PRS
C: word: be-sâ	 gloss: be8-thing
D: word: m-vúdũ̂	 gloss: 1-one
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 109:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ dè
Gloss (with missing item): 1 ___ eat
The English translation of this sentence is:`S/he is about to eat.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The French modals used in translation also reflect the future orientation of the Gyeli \textsc{prospective}, similarly to what \citet{matthewson2012} describes for Gitksan (Tsimshianic; British Columbia, Canada) modals. This future orientation explains the affiliation to the irrealis mood. Even though in terms of alternative realities, it is highly probable that the person in \REF{mua1} will indeed engage in the described event, this is probably not the case for \REF{muaa}.
A: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
B: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
C: word: h-ma-ntúà	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
D: word: pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST.R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 110:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___ wɛ̀ nà nzà
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG ___ die COM emptyset9.hunger
The English translation of this sentence is:`I'm about to die from hunger.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The French modals used in translation also reflect the future orientation of the Gyeli \textsc{prospective}, similarly to what \citet{matthewson2012} describes for Gitksan (Tsimshianic; British Columbia, Canada) modals. This future orientation explains the affiliation to the irrealis mood. Even though in terms of alternative realities, it is highly probable that the person in \REF{mua1} will indeed engage in the described event, this is probably not the case for \REF{muaa}.
A: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
B: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
C: word: h-ma-ntúà	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
D: word: tã́ã̀-ta	 gloss: tell.SBJV-tell
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 111:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): nyɛ nâ a ___ wɛ̂ bíyɔ dẽ́
Gloss (with missing item): 1 COMP 1 ___ 2SG.OBJ hit today
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [says] that he is about to beat you today.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: \noindent This example shows that the prospected event is not inevitable and at the point of utterance, it is not certain that it will really happen. The same is true for \REF{Rmua2}, where the beating is probable, but not certain.
A: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
B: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
C: word: h-ma-ntúà	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
D: word: dvúmɔ́-lɛ́	 gloss: produce-NEG
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 112:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ njì lã̀ báà bù mpàgó
Gloss (with missing item): 1 ___ come pass 2.FUT break ∅3.road
The English translation of this sentence is:`It [the port] is about to come and pass [by here], they will build the road.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{prospective} does not seem to be restricted to any particular verb classes: it can occur with both eventive and stative verbs. Further, its subjects can be both animate and inanimate. The latter is exemplified in \REF{muab}, where the speaker is talking about the port that is about to also affect the village of Ngolo.
A: word: h-ma-ntúà	 gloss: OBJ.LINK-ma6-mango
B: word: múà	 gloss: be.almost
C: word: dúù	 gloss: must.not.SBJV
D: word: bɛ̀	 gloss: be
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 113:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): yɔ́ɔ̀ ba-Nzàmbí bá tè ba ___ sɔ́
Gloss (with missing item): so ba2-PN 2:ATT there 2.PST1 ___ ∅1.friend
The English translation of this sentence is:`So, the Nzambis there had been friends.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Just like the \textsc{prospective} verb {\itshape múà}, {\itshape bwàà} can occur in simple predicates without another non-finite verb, namely when expressing identity relations, as in \REF{Pbwaa1}.
A: word: láà-h	 gloss: tell-R
B: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
C: word: bwáà	 gloss: 2PL.FUT
D: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 114:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ yɛ́ɛ́ kɛ̀-H jì mpù
Gloss (with missing item): 1 ___ then go-R stay like.this
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [the other Nzambi] has gone and stood like this.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{perfect} auxiliary verb {\itshape bwàà} is rather rare, both in the corpus and in the data gathered based on \posscitet{dahl85} TMA Questionnaire. It is thus challenging to delimit a core meaning for this category. At the same time, the \textsc{perfect} seems to be similar to other aspects, such as the \textsc{retrospective} and \textsc{absolute completive}, in the sense that the situation has been completed by speech time. In comparison to the \textsc{retrospective}, however, the emphasis of the \textsc{perfect} is on a relatively long period of time between the situation and speech time. The Gyeli \textsc{perfect} is usually translated into Cameroonian French with a perfect construction and the adverb {\itshape depuis} `since', which gives the meaning of `a long time ago'. Thus, the phrase in \REF{bwaa2} is consistently translated as {\itshape Il est depuis allé rester comme ça} `He has since gone and stayed like that'.\footnote{Despite this translation and a possible implication of anteriority, I do not label {\itshape bwàà} as past perfect, since this would require an anteriority relation to another thematically connected event in the past \citep{lee2017}. This other event in the past, however, is not given either in \REF{bwaa2} or in \REF{bwaa3a}.}
A: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
B: word: lèmbo	 gloss: know
C: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: láà-h	 gloss: tell-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 115:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ yɛ́ɛ́ kɛ̀-H jì mpù
Gloss (with missing item): 1 ___ then go-R stay like.this
The English translation of this sentence is:`He [the other Nzambi] has gone and stood like this.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{perfect} auxiliary verb {\itshape bwàà} is rather rare, both in the corpus and in the data gathered based on \posscitet{dahl85} TMA Questionnaire. It is thus challenging to delimit a core meaning for this category. At the same time, the \textsc{perfect} seems to be similar to other aspects, such as the \textsc{retrospective} and \textsc{absolute completive}, in the sense that the situation has been completed by speech time. In comparison to the \textsc{retrospective}, however, the emphasis of the \textsc{perfect} is on a relatively long period of time between the situation and speech time. The Gyeli \textsc{perfect} is usually translated into Cameroonian French with a perfect construction and the adverb {\itshape depuis} `since', which gives the meaning of `a long time ago'. Thus, the phrase in \REF{bwaa2} is consistently translated as {\itshape Il est depuis allé rester comme ça} `He has since gone and stayed like that'.\footnote{Despite this translation and a possible implication of anteriority, I do not label {\itshape bwàà} as past perfect, since this would require an anteriority relation to another thematically connected event in the past \citep{lee2017}. This other event in the past, however, is not given either in \REF{bwaa2} or in \REF{bwaa3a}.}
A: word: láà-h	 gloss: tell-R
B: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
C: word: nzɛ́ɛ́	 gloss: PROG.SUB.R
D: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 116:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ vòwa
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST1 ___ wake
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has woken up already (a while ago).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: The \textsc{perfect} auxiliary verb {\itshape bwàà} is rather rare, both in the corpus and in the data gathered based on \posscitet{dahl85} TMA Questionnaire. It is thus challenging to delimit a core meaning for this category. At the same time, the \textsc{perfect} seems to be similar to other aspects, such as the \textsc{retrospective} and \textsc{absolute completive}, in the sense that the situation has been completed by speech time. In comparison to the \textsc{retrospective}, however, the emphasis of the \textsc{perfect} is on a relatively long period of time between the situation and speech time. The Gyeli \textsc{perfect} is usually translated into Cameroonian French with a perfect construction and the adverb {\itshape depuis} `since', which gives the meaning of `a long time ago'. Thus, the phrase in \REF{bwaa2} is consistently translated as {\itshape Il est depuis allé rester comme ça} `He has since gone and stayed like that'.\footnote{Despite this translation and a possible implication of anteriority, I do not label {\itshape bwàà} as past perfect, since this would require an anteriority relation to another thematically connected event in the past \citep{lee2017}. This other event in the past, however, is not given either in \REF{bwaa2} or in \REF{bwaa3a}.}
A: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
B: word: láà-h	 gloss: tell-R
C: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: lã̀-h	 gloss: pass-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 117:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ vòwa
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST1 ___ wake
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has woken up already (a while ago).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Also data from the ``EUROTYP Perfect Questionnaire'' \citep{dahl2000} support the claim that {\itshape bwàà} is used when the situation is temporally distant from speech time. \REF{bwaa3} shows two possible responses to the command `Don't speak so loud, you will wake up the baby', in which, in both cases, the person replies that the baby is already awake. For \REF{bwaa3a}, in which {\itshape bwàà} is used, speakers explain that the baby has already woken up a while ago. In contrast, the use of the \textsc{absolute completive} in \REF{bwaa3b} hints at the fact that he has only woken up recently.
A: word: láà-h	 gloss: tell-R
B: word: wɛ̃́ɛ̃̀	 gloss: die.COMPL
C: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
D: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 118:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a vòwa-H ___
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST1 wake-R ___
The English translation of this sentence is:`He has woken up already (recently).'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Also data from the ``EUROTYP Perfect Questionnaire'' \citep{dahl2000} support the claim that {\itshape bwàà} is used when the situation is temporally distant from speech time. \REF{bwaa3} shows two possible responses to the command `Don't speak so loud, you will wake up the baby', in which, in both cases, the person replies that the baby is already awake. For \REF{bwaa3a}, in which {\itshape bwàà} is used, speakers explain that the baby has already woken up a while ago. In contrast, the use of the \textsc{absolute completive} in \REF{bwaa3b} hints at the fact that he has only woken up recently.
A: word: njìmɔ̀	 gloss: ∅3.certain
B: word: pã́ã̀-h	 gloss: do.first-H
C: word: lèmbṍõ̀	 gloss: know.COMPL
D: word: mɔ̀	 gloss: COMPL
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: D
Question 119:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): yɔ́ɔ̀ Nzàmbí kì-H náà mɛ ___ wɛ̂ tsíyɛ le-kɛ́lɛ̀ dẽ́ nâ mɛ-H lígɛ-H dè m-wánɔ̀ w-ɔ́ɔ̀
Gloss (with missing item): so emptyset1.PN say-R COMP 1SG.PST1 ___ 2SG.OBJ cut le5-speech today COMP 1SG-PRS stay-R eat N1-child 1-POSS.2SG
The English translation of this sentence is:`So Nzambi says, ``I have cut your word today [I'm not listening to you]; I stay and eat your child''.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Given that the \textsc{perfect} can occur in both \textsc{past 1} and \textsc{past 2} tense-mood categories, i.e.\ temporal distance between situation and speech time can be manipulated, a relatively long temporal distance cannot be the only information that the \textsc{perfect} encodes. Also, there are examples such as \REF{bwaa4}, where speech time and the situation are more proximate.
A: word: bùdɛ́	 gloss: have.R
B: word: bwàà-h	 gloss: have-R
C: word: sàlɛ́	 gloss: want-R
D: word: láà-h	 gloss: tell-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 120:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): a ___ lìí bâ
Gloss (with missing item): 1.PST1 ___ not.yet marry
The English translation of this sentence is:`He is not yet married.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: In \REF{pale2a}, the sentential modifier {\itshape lìí} `not yet' (\sectref{sec:SentMod}) is used, which can only occur in negated clauses. In the positive counterpart in \REF{pale2b}, this sentential modifier cannot occur. Instead, the positive is expressed by the \textsc{absolute completive} aspect particle {\itshape mɔ̀} (\sectref{sec:COMPL}).
A: word: sàlɛ́/pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST
B: word: pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST
C: word: pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST.R
D: word: mɛ-h	 gloss: 1SG-PRS
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: C
Question 121:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___ H-be-lɔ̀lɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PST ___ OBJ.LINK-be8-duck
The English translation of this sentence is:`I cooked ducks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negation with {\itshape sàlɛ́/pálɛ́} is asymmetric with regards to its positive counterpart in several respects. First, there is a constructional asymmetry in terms of the predicate structure. The positive clause in \REF{pale3a} is a simple predicate construction in which the lexical verb is tonally inflected for the realis mood. In contrast, the negated counterpart with the auxiliary {\itshape sàlɛ́} in \REF{pale3b} is a complex predicate in which finiteness marking occurs on the auxiliary and not on the lexical verb.
A: word: gyámbɔ̃́ɔ̃̀	 gloss: cook:R:PRF
B: word: gyámbɔ-h	 gloss: cook-R
C: word: kùgáà	 gloss: be.enough.SBJV
D: word: gyámbɔ-gyambɔ-h	 gloss: prepare-prepare-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: B
Question 122:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ ___ gyámbɔ H-be-lɔ̀lɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PST ___ cook OBJ.LINK-be8-duck
The English translation of this sentence is:`I did not cook ducks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negation with {\itshape the morpheme ___/pálɛ́} is asymmetric with regards to its positive counterpart in several respects. First, there is a constructional asymmetry in terms of the predicate structure. The positive clause in \REF{pale3a} is a simple predicate construction in which the lexical verb is tonally inflected for the realis mood. In contrast, the negated counterpart with the auxiliary {\itshape the morpheme ___} in \REF{pale3b} is a complex predicate in which finiteness marking occurs on the auxiliary and not on the lexical verb.
A: word: sàlɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST
B: word: pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST.R
C: word: nzí	 gloss: PROG.PST
D: word: sàlɛ́/pálɛ́	 gloss: NEG.PST
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A
Question 123:
You are a linguist specializing in Gyeli. You are given a sentence along with its morpheme breakdown, gloss, and translation. Words are separated by spaces, and morphemes are separated by hyphens. However, a word and its gloss are missing and represented by an underscore. Based on your understanding, please choose the most appropriate option. 
Sentence (with missing item): mɛ sàlɛ́ ___ H-be-lɔ̀lɔ
Gloss (with missing item): 1SG.PST NEG.PST ___ OBJ.LINK-be8-duck
The English translation of this sentence is:`I did not cook ducks.'
Here is a relevant knowledge point for this example, with the related morphemes and glosses masked: Negation with {\itshape sàlɛ́/pálɛ́} is asymmetric with regards to its positive counterpart in several respects. First, there is a constructional asymmetry in terms of the predicate structure. The positive clause in \REF{pale3a} is a simple predicate construction in which the lexical verb is tonally inflected for the realis mood. In contrast, the negated counterpart with the auxiliary {\itshape sàlɛ́} in \REF{pale3b} is a complex predicate in which finiteness marking occurs on the auxiliary and not on the lexical verb.
A: word: gyámbɔ	 gloss: cook
B: word: gyámbɔ-h	 gloss: cook-R
C: word: wúmbɛ-h	 gloss: want-R
D: word: gyámbɔ-h	 gloss: cook-R
Please only return the letter (A–D). Do not say anything else.
Correct Answer: A