Project: Icinga (Observability and Analysis / Observability)
File: 20-script-debugger.md

You can run the Icinga 2 daemon with the `-X` (`--script-debugger`) parameter to enable the script debugger: ```bash icinga2 daemon -X ``` When an exception occurs or the keyword is encountered in a user script, Icinga 2 launches a console that allows the user to debug the script. You can also attach the script debugger to the : ```bash icinga2 daemon -C -X ``` Here is a list of common errors which can be diagnosed with the script debugger: Configuration errors e.g. Errors in user-defined The following example illustrates the problem of a service which expects a dictionary value for `config`, but the host custom variable only provides a string value: ``` object Host "script-debugger-host" { check_command = "icinga" vars.http_vhosts["example.org"] = "192.168.1.100" // a string value } apply Service for (httpvhost => config in host.vars.httpvhosts) { import "generic-service" vars += config // expects a dictionary check_command = "http" } ``` The error message on config validation will warn about the wrong value type, but does not provide any context which objects are affected. Enable the script debugger and run the config validation: ``` Breakpoint encountered in /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf: 59:67-65:1 Exception: Error: Error while evaluating expression: Cannot convert value of type 'String' to an object. Location: /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf(62): check_command = "http" /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf(63): /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf(64): vars += config ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf(65): } /etc/icinga2/conf.d/services.conf(66): You can inspect expressions (such as variables) by entering them at the prompt. To leave the debugger and continue the program use "$continue". <1> => ``` You can print the variables `vars` and `config` to get an idea about their values: ``` <1> => vars null <2> => config "192.168.1.100" <3> => ``` The `vars` attribute has to be a dictionary. Trying to set this attribute to a string caused the error in our configuration example. In order to determine the name of the host where the value of the `config` variable came from you can inspect attributes of the service object: ``` <3> => host_name "script-debugger-host-01" <4> => name "http" ``` Additionally you can view the service object attributes by printing the value of

In order to halt execution in a script you can use the `debugger` keyword: ``` object Host "script-debugger-host-02" { check_command = "dummy" check_interval = 5s vars.dummy_text = {{ var text = "Hello from " + macro("$name$") debugger return text }} } ``` Icinga 2 will spawn a debugger console every time the function is executed: ``` ... Breakpoint encountered in /etc/icinga2/tests/script-debugger.conf: 7:5-7:12 You can inspect expressions (such as variables) by entering them at the prompt. To leave the debugger and continue the program use "$continue". <1> => text "Hello from script-debugger-host-02" <2> => $continue ``` Queries against the can use filters, just like available in `assign where` expressions. If these filters cause an internal error, they return an empty result to the caller. In order to analyse these server-side errors, you can use the script debugger. The following example tries filter for all host objects where the custom variable `os` is set. There are various possibilities to check that, one of them would be `host.vars.os != ""`. Another idea is to use the method on the custom attribute dictionary like this: `host.vars.contains("os")`. ```bash curl -k -s -u root:icinga -H 'Accept: application/json' -H 'X-HTTP-Method-Override: GET' \ -X POST 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/services' \ -d '{ "filter": "host.vars.contains(\"os\")", "attrs": [ "name" ], "joins": [ "host.name", "host.vars" ], "pretty": true }' ``` This will fail on all hosts which don't have any custom variable specified. ``` Breakpoint encountered. Exception: Error: Argument is not a callable object. Location: in <API query>: 1:0-1:23 You can inspect expressions (such as variables) by entering them at the prompt. To leave the debugger and continue the program use "$continue". <1> => this.host ... vars = null <2> => $continue ``` By definition, a type method can only be invoked on an actual object. In order to stay safe, add more checks to the API filter: `host.vars && host.vars.contains("os")` or `host.vars && typeof(host.vars) == Dictionary && host.vars.contains("os")` Example: ```bash curl -k -s -u root:icinga -H 'Accept: application/json' -H 'X-HTTP-Method-Override: GET' \ -X POST 'https://localhost:5665/v1/objects/services' \ -d '{ "filter": "host.vars && typeof(host.vars) == Dictionary && host.vars.contains(\"os\")", "attrs": [ "name" ], "joins": [ "host.name", "host.vars" ], "pretty": true }' ```