cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
diffuse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: dĭfyo͞oz'
ipa: /dɪˈfjuːz/
ipa: /dɪˈfjuz/
rhymes: -uːz
homophone: defuse
Forms: form: diffuses
form: diffusing
form: diffused
form: diffused
Etymology: From Middle French diffuser, from Latin diffūsus, past participle of diffundere, from dis- + fundere.
Senses: examples: text: The small window diffuses light throughout the room.
text: Ideas are easily diffused with the help of technology.
text: We do not know by whom the insufficiency of the year of 365 days was first discovered; we find this knowledge diffused among all civilized nations, and various artifices used in making the correction.
ref: 1837, William Whewell, “Earliest Stages of Astronomy”, in History of the Inductive Sciences, from the Earliest to the Present Times. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […]; Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: J. and J. J. Deighton, →OCLC, book III (History of Greek Astronomy), section 3 (Correction of the Civil Year. (Julian Calendar.)), page 121:
glosses: To spread (something) over or through as in air, water, or other matter, especially by fluid motion or passive means.
examples: text: Food coloring diffuses in water.
text: The riot diffused quite suddenly.
glosses: To be spread over or through as in air, water, or other matter, especially by fluid motion or passive means.
Synonyms: forspread
Derived terms: diffusability
diffusable
diffusate
diffuseness
diffuser
diffusible
diffuson
hydrodiffuse
interdiffuse
nondiffuse
outdiffuse
overdiffuse
rediffuse
ultradiffuse
undiffuse
diffuse
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: dĭfyo͞oz'
ipa: /dɪˈfjuːz/
ipa: /dɪˈfjuz/
rhymes: -uːz
homophone: defuse
enpr: dĭfyo͞os'
ipa: /dɪˈfjuːs/
ipa: /dɪˈfjus/
rhymes: -uːs
enpr: dĭf'yo͞os
ipa: /ˈdɪfjuːs/
enpr: dĭfyo͞oz'
ipa: /dɪˈfjuːz/
ipa: /dɪˈfjuz/
rhymes: -uːz
homophone: defuse
Forms: form: more diffuse
form: most diffuse
Etymology: From Middle English *diffuse (attested in adverb diffuseli), from Latin diffūsus.
Senses: examples: text: Such a diffuse effort is unlikely to produce good results.
text: diffuse activity of the prefrontal cortex
glosses: Everywhere or throughout everything; not focused or concentrated.
glosses: Wordy; verbose.
Synonyms: sense: not concentrated
word: spread out
word: thin
sense: verbose
word: palaverous
word: prolix
word: verbose
word: diffuse
word: dispersed
word: incompact
word: loose
word: noncompact
word: scattered
word: spaced out
word: sparse
word: uncompact
Hyponyms: word: few and far between
word: rare
word: rarefied
word: shattery
Derived terms: diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
diffusely
diffuse parenchymal lung disease
ultra-diffuse
Related terms: word: diffusion
word: nebulous
take it away
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: takes it away
form: taking it away
form: took it away
form: taken it away
Senses: examples: text: I'd like to introduce Mumbo the Magnificent and his dancing parrot, Tiddles. Take it away, Mumbo!
text: MRS WHITNEY: We have a new student with us today. His name's Max Fischer and he's actually asked to say a few words to the class. Max? You want to take it away?
ref: 1998, Rushmore, 00:33:50
glosses: To begin, especially used to launch a performance of some sort.
Synonyms: commence
indirect
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndɪˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndəˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/
rhymes: -ɛkt
Forms: form: more indirect
form: most indirect
Etymology: From Middle French indirect, from Late Latin indirectus (“not direct”).
Senses: examples: text: While not mentioning any of their competitors by name, the CEO made some indirect statements that they were acting immorally.
text: Se asked him some indirect questions to ascertain whether he was single.
text: Indirect messages permit communicative contacts when, without them, the alternatives would be total inhibition, silence, and solitude on the one hand, or, on the other, communicative behavior that is direct, offensive, and hence forbidden. This is a painful choice. In actual practice, neither alternative is likely to result in the gratification of personal or sexual needs. In this dilemma, indirect communications provide a useful compromise. As an early move in the dating game, the young man might invite the young woman to dinner or to the movies.
ref: 1974, Thomas S. Szasz, M.D., chapter 8, in The Myth of Mental Illness, →ISBN, pages 139–140:
synonyms: circuitous
glosses: Not direct
examples: text: The direct result of socialising every day in the bars may be happiness and meeting new people, but the indirect results could be addiction, or even poverty.
synonyms: circuitous
glosses: Not direct:
Not of obvious or immediate cause, but as a secondary result.
synonyms: circuitous
glosses: Not direct:
Not focused straight at the target or subject; whose true aim appears secondary or obscure.
examples: text: In an effort to beat the traffic jams, they opted to take an indirect route to their destination.
synonyms: circuitous
glosses: Not direct:
Not involving the quickest, shortest, or most convenient path; oblique.
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
synonyms: circuitous
glosses: Not direct:
Employing argument by contradiction; making use the law of the excluded middle; arguing via the contrapositive.
raw_tags: of a proof
glosses: Figuratively
examples: text: Did you, by indirect, and forced courſes / Subdue, and poyſon this tong Maides affections? / Or came it by requeſt, and ſuch faire queſtion / As ſoule, to ſoule affordeth?
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 312, column 2:
glosses: Figuratively
Not straightforward, fair, or honest; corrupt.
Derived terms: free indirect discourse
free indirect style
indirect anagram
indirect cost
indirect dye
indirect election
indirect fire
indirect free kick
indirectivity
indirect kiss
indirectly
indirect maternal death
indirectness
indirect object
indirect predation
indirect procurement
indirect question
indirect quotation
indirect red card
indirect report
indirect speech
indirect tax
indirect transitive
Related terms: indirection
indirect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndɪˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndəˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/
rhymes: -ɛkt
Forms: form: indirects
Etymology: From Middle French indirect, from Late Latin indirectus (“not direct”).
Senses: examples: text: In the case of a piece of equipment such as a pump, the supplier's costs may be broken down into the directs of labour, material, and component costs on the one hand, and the indirects of customized engineering, sales, factory overheads, and order management costs on the other.
ref: 2002, Peter Watermeyer, Handbook for Process Plant Project Engineers:
text: 2010, Anna M. Gil-Lafuente and José M. Merigó (editos), Computational Intelligence in Business and Economics
Gradually analytical thinking was taking a greater awareness of the importance it took for all the investigation system of the possible identification or traceability of fixed costs and, in general, of the indirects of other times.
topics: business
finance
glosses: An indirect cost.
examples: text: Indirect radiators are seldom installed except for rooms on the first or second floors; and in the former case the duct, D, is very short, and in the latter it is usually from 12 to 16 feet long. It should be stated in this connection that indirects of large size should be spread out as much as possible so as to give a large area against the current of air.
ref: 1902, William S. Monroe, “Chapter 4”, in Steam Heating and Ventilation:
glosses: An indirect radiator.
indirect
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndɪˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndəˈɹɛkt/
ipa: /ˌɪndaɪˈɹɛkt/
rhymes: -ɛkt
Forms: form: indirects
form: indirecting
form: indirected
form: indirected
Etymology: From Middle French indirect, from Late Latin indirectus (“not direct”).
Senses: examples: text: The X operations access the data fields by indirecting through the _rep pointer.
ref: 1997, Cay S. Horstmann, Practical Object-Oriented Development in C++ and Java, page 385:
text: These correspond to an indirected parallel write and an indirected parallel read operation respectively.
ref: 2012, Geerd-R. Hoffmann, Dimitris K. Maretis, The Dawn of Massively Parallel Processing in Meteorology:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: To access by means of indirection; to dereference.
give in
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gives in
form: giving in
form: gave in
form: given in
Senses: examples: text: The roof gave in under the weight of the snow.
synonyms: cave in#Verb
give way#Verb
coordinate_terms: break down#Verb
glosses: To collapse or fall.
examples: text: I finally gave in and let him stay up to watch TV.
text: OK, I don't know the answer. I give in.
text: Try not to give in to temptation.
synonyms: word: give up#Verb
word: abandon
alt: oneself
coordinate_terms: break down#Verb
glosses: To relent, yield, surrender or admit defeat.
topics: boxing
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
glosses: To droop the head.
raw_tags: of a pugilist
steady
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: stĕdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɛdi/
enpr: stĭdʹi
enpr: stŭdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɪdi/
ipa: /ˈstʌdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: steadies
form: steadying
form: steadied
form: steadied
form: steddy
form: stedy
Etymology: From Middle English stedy, studi, stidiȝ, perhaps continuing Old English stæþþiġ, ġestæþþiġ (“steadfast, stable, firm, staid”), equivalent to stead + -y; or calquing Middle Low German or Middle Dutch stēdig. Cognate with Saterland Frisian stoadig (“constant, continual”), West Frisian stadich (“slow”), Danish stedig, stadig, steeg, Swedish stadig, Icelandic stöðugur, German stätig, stetig.
Compare also Old English ġestedegian (“to bring to a standstill”).
Sense 8 of the adjective is a semantic loan from Hokkien 在 (chāi, “steady, confident”).
Senses: examples: text: I took a drink to steady my nerves.
glosses: To stabilize; to prevent from shaking.
examples: text: The ship steadied in the air. Another spray of ballast came, heavier than the last.
ref: 2010, Scott Westerfeld, Leviathan:
glosses: To become stable.
Derived terms: steady the ship
steady
Language: English
Part of speech: particle
Pronunciation: enpr: stĕdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɛdi/
enpr: stĭdʹi
enpr: stŭdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɪdi/
ipa: /ˈstʌdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: steddy
form: stedy
Etymology: From Middle English stedy, studi, stidiȝ, perhaps continuing Old English stæþþiġ, ġestæþþiġ (“steadfast, stable, firm, staid”), equivalent to stead + -y; or calquing Middle Low German or Middle Dutch stēdig. Cognate with Saterland Frisian stoadig (“constant, continual”), West Frisian stadich (“slow”), Danish stedig, stadig, steeg, Swedish stadig, Icelandic stöðugur, German stätig, stetig.
Compare also Old English ġestedegian (“to bring to a standstill”).
Sense 8 of the adjective is a semantic loan from Hokkien 在 (chāi, “steady, confident”).
Senses: qualifier: African-American Vernacular
glosses: Aspect marker indicating consistency or intensity.
steady
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: stĕdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɛdi/
enpr: stĭdʹi
enpr: stŭdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɪdi/
ipa: /ˈstʌdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: steadies
form: steddy
form: stedy
Etymology: From Middle English stedy, studi, stidiȝ, perhaps continuing Old English stæþþiġ, ġestæþþiġ (“steadfast, stable, firm, staid”), equivalent to stead + -y; or calquing Middle Low German or Middle Dutch stēdig. Cognate with Saterland Frisian stoadig (“constant, continual”), West Frisian stadich (“slow”), Danish stedig, stadig, steeg, Swedish stadig, Icelandic stöðugur, German stätig, stetig.
Compare also Old English ġestedegian (“to bring to a standstill”).
Sense 8 of the adjective is a semantic loan from Hokkien 在 (chāi, “steady, confident”).
Senses: glosses: A rest or support, as for the hand, a tool, or a piece of work.
examples: text: “Dalton is my steady, now. If I break up with him, you're the first on the list.” “Thanks,” said Ted. “What a privilege to be second choice.”
ref: 2002, Frederick E. Von Burg, Keep My White Sneakers, Kit Carson, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 13:
glosses: A regular boyfriend or girlfriend.
examples: text: Some of my steadies wanted me to go out with them on a date. Occasionally I let one of them take me to a film or out for a meal.
ref: 2013, Sheila Foster, Soho Whore:
glosses: A prostitute's regular customer.
steady
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: enpr: stĕdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɛdi/
enpr: stĭdʹi
enpr: stŭdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɪdi/
ipa: /ˈstʌdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: steddy
form: stedy
Etymology: From Middle English stedy, studi, stidiȝ, perhaps continuing Old English stæþþiġ, ġestæþþiġ (“steadfast, stable, firm, staid”), equivalent to stead + -y; or calquing Middle Low German or Middle Dutch stēdig. Cognate with Saterland Frisian stoadig (“constant, continual”), West Frisian stadich (“slow”), Danish stedig, stadig, steeg, Swedish stadig, Icelandic stöðugur, German stätig, stetig.
Compare also Old English ġestedegian (“to bring to a standstill”).
Sense 8 of the adjective is a semantic loan from Hokkien 在 (chāi, “steady, confident”).
Senses: examples: text: After the sprint pieces, we rowed steady for the rest of practice.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
rowing
sports
glosses: To row with pressure at a low stroke-rating, often 18 strokes per minute.
steady
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: enpr: stĕdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɛdi/
enpr: stĭdʹi
enpr: stŭdʹi
ipa: /ˈstɪdi/
ipa: /ˈstʌdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: steddy
form: stedy
Etymology: From Middle English stedy, studi, stidiȝ, perhaps continuing Old English stæþþiġ, ġestæþþiġ (“steadfast, stable, firm, staid”), equivalent to stead + -y; or calquing Middle Low German or Middle Dutch stēdig. Cognate with Saterland Frisian stoadig (“constant, continual”), West Frisian stadich (“slow”), Danish stedig, stadig, steeg, Swedish stadig, Icelandic stöðugur, German stätig, stetig.
Compare also Old English ġestedegian (“to bring to a standstill”).
Sense 8 of the adjective is a semantic loan from Hokkien 在 (chāi, “steady, confident”).
Senses: glosses: Alright!, way to go!, nice!
serpiginous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Latin serpigio (“creeping and spreading skin disease”).
Senses: examples: text: Leprosy is a serpiginous disease.
glosses: creeping, advancing
Derived terms: serpiginous ulceration of the groin
creeping
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɹiːpɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːpɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English crepynge, crepinde, crepende, crepande, from Old English crēopende, from Proto-Germanic *kreupandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *kreupaną (“to creep, crawl”), equivalent to creep + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Then, in January, a creeping tsunami of train cancellations, triggered by major staff absences as a result of the aggressive transmissibility of Omicron, heaped further misery on rail users.
ref: 2022 January 12, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL, number 948, page 3:
glosses: present participle and gerund of creep
creeping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɹiːpɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːpɪŋ
Forms: form: creepings
Etymology: From Middle English creping, crepynge, from Old English crēopung, equivalent to creep + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: It is indubitably certain, therefore, that he is able to attend, and actually attends, to all things at the same moment; to the motions of a seed, or a leaf, or an atom; to the creepings of a worm, the flutterings of an insect, and the journeys of a mite […]
ref: 1824, Timothy Dwight, Theology, Explained and Defended in a Series of Sermons:
glosses: The act of something that creeps.
Related terms: creeping bent
creeping bentgrass
creeping cinquefoil
creeping foxglove
creeping freehold
creeping phlox
creeping sedge
creeping speedwell
creeping zinnia
Middle French
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A historical division of the French language, spoken roughly from 1340 to 1610, during which French became established as the official language of France.
Related terms: Old French
Wiktionary’s coverage of Middle French terms
disobedience
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪs.əˈbiː.dɪəns/
Forms: form: disobediences
Etymology: From Middle English disobedience, dysobediaunce, from Old French desobedience. By surface analysis, dis- + obedience. Displaced native Old English unhīersumnes.
Senses: examples: text: The teacher complained of the child's disobedience.
glosses: Refusal to obey.
Synonyms: contumacy
rebellion
Derived terms: civil disobedience
intelligent disobedience
Related terms: disobedient
submission
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səbˈmɪʃən/
Forms: form: submissions
Etymology: From Middle English submissioun, from Old French soubmission, from Latin submissio, from submitto.
Senses: glosses: The act of submitting or yielding; surrender.
examples: text: Any submissions received after Friday will have marks deducted for lateness.
glosses: The act of submitting or giving e.g. a completed piece of work.
examples: text: In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.
ref: 2013 June 7, Ed Pilkington, “‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 6:
glosses: The thing which has been submitted.
examples: text: He used overhooks to block the punches, but he didn't seem to know any submissions off the overhooks.
ref: 2005, Eddie Bravo, Jiu-jitsu Unleashed, page 12:
glosses: A submission hold in wrestling, mixed martial arts, or other combat sports.
Synonyms: sense: act of yielding
word: acquiescence
sense: act of yielding
word: capitulation
sense: act of yielding
word: concession
sense: act of yielding
word: giving in
sense: act of yielding
word: submittal
sense: act of yielding
word: obeyance
sense: act of yielding
word: yielding
sense: act of yielding
word: deference
sense: thing submitted
word: submittal
Derived terms: e-submission
technical submission
submission
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səbˈmɪʃən/
ipa: /ˈsʌbˌmɪʃən/
ipa: /səbˈmɪʃən/
Forms: form: submissions
Etymology: From sub- + mission.
Senses: examples: text: The commander would have to communicate to his operational planners his intent — how he wanted to fight the battle and what missions and submissions were vital to achieving what the corps order had defined as missions for the division.
ref: 1999, James J. Cooke, The All-Americans at War: The 82nd Division in the Great War, 1917-1918, page 69:
glosses: A subset or component of a mission.
wrongdoing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɒŋˌduːɪŋ/
Forms: form: wrongdoings
form: wrong-doing
Etymology: From Middle English wrong doyng, wrong doynge, wrong doinge, equivalent to wrong + doing.
Senses: examples: text: A Chinese proverb goes, "He who commits wrongdoing repeatedly will come to no good end."
glosses: Violation of standards of behavior.
examples: text: I said that some ancient stories suggested that those who were unrighteous or who had committed wrongdoings were more susceptible to plagues or disasters. And sometimes plagues just miraculously disappeared after people realized their wrongdoings and repented.
ref: 2020 February 24, “Family and Friends Treasure Falun Dafa Information in the Face of Novel Coronavirus Epidemic”, in Minghui:
glosses: An instance of doing wrong.
Related terms: word: wrongdo
word: wrongdoer
wrongdoing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɒŋˌduːɪŋ/
Forms: form: wrong-doing
Etymology: From Middle English wrong doyng, wrong doynge, wrong doinge, equivalent to wrong + doing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of wrongdo
capitulate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪ.t͡ʃə.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jə.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪ.t͡ʃə.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.leɪt/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jə.leɪt/
Forms: form: capitulates
form: capitulating
form: capitulated
form: capitulated
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1528, the verb in 1537; borrowed from Medieval Latin capitulātus perfect passive participle of Medieval Latin capitulō (“(originally; of a book, text) to draw up under distinct headings; (from the 15ᵗʰ c.) to bargain, parley, convene”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from capitulum (“heading, chapter, title”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix), diminutive of caput (“head”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-. Common participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: He argued and hollered for so long that I finally capitulated just to make him stop.
text: The Irish, after holding out a week, capitulated.
ref: 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XIV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
text: The CCP has refused to capitulate to Trump’s demands to come to the table and renegotiate their terms of trade.
ref: 2025 April 16, Helen Davidson, “Chinese state media tells Trump to ‘stop whining’ as trade war spirals”, in the Guardian:
synonyms: wave the white flag
see Thesaurus:surrender
antonyms: word: bite the dust
word: capitulate
word: eat someone's dust
word: forfeit
word: give up
word: lose
word: strike one's flag
word: surrender
word: relinquish
word: wave the white flag
word: yield
glosses: To surrender on stipulated terms, end all resistance, give up, go along with or comply.
examples: text: The lawes […] which we capitulate at sea […] are not used on lande.
ref: 1593, Thomas Lodge, Life and Death of William Longbeard:
text: The places of serpents abode being thus generally capitulated.
ref: 1608, Edward Topsell, Serpents:
glosses: To draw up in chapters, heads or articles; to enumerate, specify.
examples: text: there capitulates with the king […] to take to wife his daughter Mary
ref: 1661, Peter Heylin, Ecclesia restaurata:
glosses: To draw up articles of agreement with; to propose terms, treat, bargain, parley.
glosses: To make conditions, stipulate, agree, formulate, conclude (upon something).
Derived terms: capitulator
precapitulate
uncapitulated
capitulate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪ.t͡ʃə.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jə.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪ.tjʊ.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪ.t͡ʃə.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jʊ.lət/
ipa: /kəˈpɪt͡ʃ.jə.lət/
Forms: form: more capitulate
form: most capitulate
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1528, the verb in 1537; borrowed from Medieval Latin capitulātus perfect passive participle of Medieval Latin capitulō (“(originally; of a book, text) to draw up under distinct headings; (from the 15ᵗʰ c.) to bargain, parley, convene”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from capitulum (“heading, chapter, title”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix), diminutive of caput (“head”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap-. Common participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: It was capitulate and convenanted, that […] the river Himera, […]
ref: 1600, Philemon Holland, A translation of Livy's Ab Urbe Condita, XXIV. VI. 512:
glosses: Capitulated: agreed upon, convened, settled on, stipulated.
raw_tags: as a participle
glosses: Reduced to heads, laid down under a certain number of heads or items.
raw_tags: as a participle
examples: text: The aggregation of flowers into capitulate inflorescences is a character directly advantageous from the aspect of the biological function of cross-pollination.
ref: 1912, New Phytologist:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having or forming a capitulum.
Related terms: capital
capitalism
capitulation
capitulatory
captain
chapiter
chapter
chef
chief
recapitulate
capitulate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: capitulates
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of capitoulate
divagate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: divagates
form: divagating
form: divagated
form: divagated
Etymology: First attested in 1599; borrowed from Latin dīvagātus, perfect active participle of dīvagor (“to wander here and there”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from Latin dis- (“in different direction”) + vagor (“to wander”). Cognate with French divaguer.
Senses: glosses: To wander about.
examples: text: The fallen guillotine blade is replaced with a call to awareness that, as we have seen, divagates from Szpiner's "Ayez pitié des enfants."
ref: 2010, Noah McLaughlin, French War Films and National Identity, page 51:
glosses: To stray from a subject or theme.
Related terms: divagation
residual
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.ʊəl/
note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.əl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd.jʊəl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd.jəl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.u.əl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.ə.wəl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.wəl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.əl/
ipa: /ɹə-/
Etymology: Recorded since 1570. From residue, itself borrowed during the Middle English period from Old French residu (Modern French résidu), from Latin residuum (“a remainder”), the neuter inflection of residuus (“remaining, left over”), perfect participle of resideō (“to remain behind”), from re- (“back, again”) + sedeō (“to sit, to reside”).
Senses: examples: text: Yet certain films leave a residual memory—such as Psycho: many people still feel uneasy showering in a motel bathroom.
ref: 1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks, Knopf, →ISBN, page 185:
text: Abolitionists argued that race had no place in a free and democratic society as a dividing line. Economic and social policies and practices, they argued, should be race-neutral and egalitarian. Yet despite these racially egalitarian values, much abolitionist rhetoric exhibited a strong residual commitment to racialist thinking and a palpable devotion to white supremacy.
ref: 2006, Matt Wray, Not Quite White, page 59:
glosses: Of, relating to, or remaining as a residue; left over.
Synonyms: word: residuary
word: left
word: left behind
word: left over
word: odd
word: remaining
word: residual
Hyponyms: word: net
word: nett
word: sedimentaceous
word: surviving
word: unconsumed
word: uneaten
word: unused
Derived terms: residual air
residual alkalinity
residual-current device
residual haunting
residual power
residual risk
residual stress
residual sum of squares
residual volume
residual waste
Related terms: word: remainder
residual
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.ʊəl/
note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.əl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd.jʊəl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd.jəl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.u.əl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.ə.wəl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.wəl/
ipa: /ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.əl/
ipa: /ɹə-/
Forms: form: residuals
Etymology: Recorded since 1570. From residue, itself borrowed during the Middle English period from Old French residu (Modern French résidu), from Latin residuum (“a remainder”), the neuter inflection of residuus (“remaining, left over”), perfect participle of resideō (“to remain behind”), from re- (“back, again”) + sedeō (“to sit, to reside”).
Senses: glosses: A remainder left over at the end of some process.
examples: text: The tentative deal announced this week by the Writers Guild of America includes many industry-specific aspects, such as the size of writers’ rooms and improved residuals for streaming.
ref: 2023 September 29, Adam Seth Litwin, “Want to Save Your Job From A.I.? Hollywood Screenwriters Just Showed You How.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Because, despite his very small role as shark victim Alex Kintner when he was 12, Voorhees is still being paid residuals – royalties – 50 years later. Every time Jaws is on TV, he earns money. […] “It pays to die,” is how he put it in a recent interview with Syfy.
ref: 2025 August 18, “‘You’re gonna need a bigger bank account’: how a Jaws child actor turned a fleeting appearance into a fortune”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Payments made to performers, writers and directors when a recorded broadcast is repeated.
topics: mathematics
sciences
statistics
glosses: The difference between the observed value and the estimated value of the quantity of interest.
qualifier: paranormal
glosses: A spiritual presence left behind in a place as a result of a person's death or some other significant event.
Derived terms: pseudoresidual
smellies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛliz
Senses: examples: I bought my mother some smellies for her birthday.
glosses: Pleasant-smelling toiletries.
glosses: Cinema enhanced with odours.
raw_tags: as "the smellies"
smellies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛliz
Senses: glosses: plural of smelly
glosses: plural of smellie
wellies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɛliz/
rhymes: -ɛliz
Forms: form: welly
form: wellie
form: Wellies
Etymology: Clipping of Wellingtons.
Senses: glosses: Wellington boots
welly whanging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: welly wanging
form: wellie wanging
form: wellie whanging
Senses: glosses: A humorous sport in which the aim is to throw a Wellington boot as far as possible.
brockle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɑːkəl
ipa: /bɹɑːkəl/
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English brokel.
Senses: glosses: Broken pieces of a structure; rubble, ruins.
descriptivism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: descriptivisms
Etymology: From descriptive + -ism.
*
 Audio (Southern England): (file)
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The practice of describing realistic forms, as opposed to prescribing idealistic norms, of linguistic usage.
Derived terms: antidescriptivism
descriptivist
Related terms: descriptive
description
realism
idealism
formalism
descriptive grammar
spacetravel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of space travel.
falsifiable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɒl.sɪˌfaɪ.ə.bəl/
Forms: form: more falsifiable
form: most falsifiable
Etymology: From falsify + -able.
Senses: examples: text: The sentence "It will rain tomorrow" is falsifiable, while the sentence "It is what it is" is not.
glosses: Logically capable of being proven false.
examples: text: A digital signature algorithm must be not falsifiable.
glosses: Capable of being faked or forged.
examples: The statement It rains every day, everywhere is falsifiable, because it is contradicted by the basic statement On the third of August, in New York city it was not raining and it is not contradicted by the basic statement On the second of August, in New York city it was raining, while the statement It will rain someday is not falsifiable.
topics: epistemology
human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The demarcation criterion between scientific and non-scientific statements proposed by Karl Popper. In order to be ranked as scientific, statements or systems of statements must be contradicted by an intersubjective singular existential statement, also called a basic statement, and not be contradicted by another, that is, they must also be logically possible.
Derived terms: falsifiability
falsifiably
nonfalsifiable
unfalsifiable
Related terms: falsificationism
falsify
falsifiability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: falsifiabilities
Etymology: From falsifiable + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: These ideas have many virtues, but falsifiability is not one of them.
text: The degree of their testability is of significance for the selection of theories. In this chapter, I shall compare the various degrees of testability or falsifiability of theories through comparing the classes of their potential falsifiers.
ref: 1959, Karl Raimund Popper, The Logic of Scientific Discovery:
text: A proposition is scientific if and only if it is falsifiable. This is the criterion or principle of falsifiability. Falsifiability must be distinguished from falsity, of course.
ref: 1985, Alexander Rosenberg, The Structure of Biological Science:
text: The need for some such criterion is one reason why falsifiability of theories holds special importance in this book. If theories yield statements in the empirical world that stand to be confirmed or undermined by actual empirical reports, we have the basis for one overarching standard.
ref: 1989, James B. Rule, Theories of Civil Violence:
synonyms: refutability
antonyms: irrefutability
unfalsifiability
glosses: The quality of being falsifiable.
Related terms: falsifiable
falsificationism
ait
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /eɪt/
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: aits
form: eight
form: eyet
form: eyot
Etymology: From Middle English eyt, eit, from Old English īġeoþ, īgoþ, iggaþ, iggoþ (“ait, eyot, islet, small island”), diminutive of īġ, ēġ, īeġ (“island”). More at eyot.
Senses: examples: text: The ait where the osiers grew.
ref: 1649, R. Hodges, unknown title:
text: ‘[H]e the said seigneur, in quality of Lord Paramount, is to all intents and purposes invested with the sole right and property of the river running through his fief, together with […] all the islands and aits within it.’
ref: 1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview, published 2001, page 148:
text: 1833, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Autobiography: Truth and Fiction Relating to My Life trans. John Oxenford, book 9,
Striking richness of vegetation which follows in the windings of the Rhine, marks its banks, islands, and aits.
text: Fog everywhere. Fog up the river, where it flows among green aits and meadows.
ref: 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, chapter 1, in Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:
glosses: An island in a river, especially the River Thames in England.
Synonyms: eyot
ait
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /eɪt/
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: aits
Etymology: From Scots ait, ate, from Middle English ate, from Old English āte. More at oat.
Senses: examples: text: Let husky wheat the haughs adorn,
An' aits set up their awnie horn,
ref: 1785, Robbie Burns, Scotch Drink:
glosses: An oat.
semester hours
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The number of credit hours a student takes in a semester, usually for a college or university to count towards a degree.
bit part
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bit parts
Etymology: From bit + part.
Senses: examples: 2005, Most of her work, however, consisted of bit parts. She often was cast in movies credited only as "flower vendor," "warden" or "suntan lady," — 'Five Easy Pieces' waitress dead at 85, CNN online.
topics: acting
broadcasting
entertainment
film
lifestyle
media
television
theater
glosses: A minor role, generally not assigned a name.
Related terms: bit player
homeopathy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌhəʊmɪˈɒpəθi/
ipa: /ˌhɒmɪˈɒpəθi/
ipa: /ˌhomiˈɑpəθi/
ipa: /ˌhɑmiˈɑpəθi/
note: Indic
ipa: /hom(ɪ)jo.pət̪ʰi/
Forms: form: homeopathies
form: homoeopathy
form: homœopathy
Etymology: From German Homöopathie, equivalent to English homeo- + -pathy.
Senses: examples: text: I am sure that if doctors (for instance) were first taught how to use some of the other methods of homeopathy effectively, particularly the therapeutics and organ-based methods, they would be much more able to incorporate these into their practices […]
ref: 2004, Ian Watson, A Guide to the Methodologies of Homeopathy, Cutting Edge Publications, →ISBN, page 20:
topics: pseudoscience
antonyms: allopathy
glosses: A system of treating diseases with small amounts of substances which, in larger amounts, would produce the observed symptoms.
Derived terms: antihomeopathy
bromeopathy
homeopath
homeopathic
homeopathically
homeopathist
Related terms: naturopathy
vitiligo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvɪtɪˈlaɪɡəʊ/
rhymes: -aɪɡəʊ
Forms: form: vitiligos
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin vitilīgō.
Senses: examples: text: In the weeks that followed, I began to notice other people with vitiligo. On the streets, in the stores, in their cars. My God, they were everywhere!
ref: 2015 September 4, Rich Cohen, “Learning to Live With Vitiligo”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
topics: dermatology
medicine
sciences
synonyms: leucoderma
glosses: The patchy loss of skin pigmentation.
glosses: Alphos, a form of leprosy.
Derived terms: vitiligous
Related terms: vice#Related_terms
corrosive sublimate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: mercuric chloride
heather
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛðɚ/
ipa: /ˈhɛðə/
ipa: /ˈhiːðəɹ/
rhymes: -ɛðə(ɹ)
Forms: form: hadder
form: hether
form: hather
Etymology: From Middle English hather, hathir, from Old English *hǣddre and hǣþ (“heather”), cognate with Scots hedder, hadder, heddir (“heather”), Saterland Frisian Heede (“heather”), West Frisian heide (“heather”), Dutch heide (“heather”), German Low German Heide, Heid (“heather”), German Heide (“heather”).
Senses: glosses: Of a purple colour with a tint of pink and blue.
betty
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɛti/
rhymes: -ɛti
Forms: form: betties
form: bettee
form: Betty
Etymology: From Betty (nickname for “Elizabeth”). In thieves’ cant a tool for wrenching locked doors is also called a Bess (from “Elizabeth”) or a Jenny. The “attractive woman” sense may relate to the character Betty Rubble in the cartoon The Flintstones.
Senses: examples: text: No modern Lycæum vvill ever equal thy Glory, […] deſcribing the povverful Betty, or the artful Picklock, […]
ref: 1712, Humphry Polesworth [pseudonym; John Arbuthnot], “The Preface”, in Lewis Baboon Turned Honest, and John Bull Politician. Being the Fourth Part of Law is a Bottomless-Pit. […], London: […] John Morphew, […], →OCLC:
glosses: A short bar used by thieves to wrench doors open; a jimmy.
examples: text: After a quick meal at a tea shop, we found ourselves in the hallway at the Midland Hotel, where he removed a skeleton key, or “betty” as he called it, from his pocket and inserted it in the keyhole. […] Once they were out of sight, I fumbled about with the betty for a few moments before the lock finally clicked open.
ref: 1958, Will Thomas, To Kingdom Come, page 161:
glosses: A picklock, skeleton key; a tool for opening locks.
glosses: A man who performs tasks that traditionally belong to a woman; (originally) an effeminate or gay man.
examples: text: On olive oil in casks, twenty cents per gallon; olive salad oil in bottles or betties, thirty per centum ad valorem
ref: 1841, Acts and Resolutions Passed at the First Session of the Twenty-Seventh Congress of the United States:
glosses: A pear-shaped bottle covered with straw, in which olive oil is sometimes brought from Italy; a Florence flask.
examples: text: A pie-size betty is traditional, but if you like, assemble the recipe in individual ovenproof ramekins.
ref: 2021 November 24, “Apple-Almond Brave Betty”, in Midwest Living:
glosses: A baked dessert made with alternating layers of sweetened fruit and buttered bread crumbs.
examples: text: Isn't my house classic? The columns date all the way back to 1972. Wasn't my Mom a betty? She died when I was just a baby. A fluke accident during a routine liposuction. I don't remember her, but I like to pretend she still watches over me.
ref: 1995, Amy Heckerling, Clueless, spoken by Cher (Alicia Silverstone):
qualifier: slightly pejorative
glosses: An attractive woman; a babe.
Synonyms: sense: attractive woman
word: beautiful woman
sense: man who performs a woman's tasks
word: cot-betty
sense: man who performs a woman's tasks
word: cot-quean
sense: man who performs a woman's tasks
word: henhussy
sense: man who performs a woman's tasks
word: molly
Hyponyms: sense: man who performs a woman's tasks
word: househusband
betty
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɛti/
rhymes: -ɛti
Forms: form: betties
form: bettying
form: bettied
form: bettied
form: bettee
form: Betty
Etymology: From Betty (nickname for “Elizabeth”). In thieves’ cant a tool for wrenching locked doors is also called a Bess (from “Elizabeth”) or a Jenny. The “attractive woman” sense may relate to the character Betty Rubble in the cartoon The Flintstones.
Senses: examples: text: “Well then,” he said. “Let’s say you can betty the lock, hang on a rope, and break the drum, and then lock up again with nobody the wiser. How do I get on in the first place, past the Scots jack, with his sharp cool?”
ref: 1976, Michael Crichton, The Great Train Robbery, page 185:
text: The forty quid! Gone! ’Ow could she ’ave gotten in there? The peter ain’t broke, no sign of it bein’ bettied, and I the only one w’ the key.
ref: 2013, Zack Wentz, “Simplicity itself”, in Sherlock Holmes Mystery Magazine, volume 10, page 161:
glosses: To pick a lock, to open with a betty.
examples: text: “I’m perfectly well, thank you, Miss Hester,” she said, coldly. “I detest being bettied.”
ref: 1877 August 16, Julia Dartman, “Aunty Di”, in The Youth’s Companion, page 1:
text: If anything on earth is reprehensible in a man and disgusting to a woman, it is to have said man hen-hussying and bettying about the kitchen
ref: 1897, W.H. Rudd, “Johnny cakes”, in The Poultry Monthly, volume XIX, page 371:
glosses: To be overly attentive to someone or something.
dicey
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaɪsi/
rhymes: -aɪsi
Forms: form: dicier
form: diciest
form: dicy
Etymology: From dice + -y.
Senses: glosses: Fraught with danger.
examples: text: This was a dicey stratagem because all too often the support Britain rendered played into Zanu-PF's anti-colonial constructions.
ref: 2009 June 17, Blessing-Miles Tendi, “Tsvangirai's dicey strategy”, in The Guardian:
text: Devouring the flesh of animals killed on roadways can be a bit dicey.
ref: 2012, Jonathan Deutsch, Natalya Murakhver, editors, They Eat That?: A Cultural Encyclopedia of Weird and Exotic Food from Around the World, page 161:
text: For sure, the economic and fiscal prospects for an independent Scotland look a lot dicier than they did three years ago.
ref: 2017 March 4, John Harris, “Hard Brexit is making the case for Scottish independence”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Of uncertain, risky outcome.
examples: text: As if I'm not a bit past that, Clem thought, as if with his dicey ticker and all he shouldn′t be taking life pretty quietly, instead of waking with the old memoroes disturbing him.
ref: 1992, Vincent O'Sullivan, “The Witness Man”, in Palms and Minarets: Selected Stories, page 95:
text: If you were in the business of selling dicey meat, the invention of the telephone rocked your world.
ref: 2011, Jay Baer, Amber Naslund, The NOW Revolution: 7 Shifts to Make Your Business Faster, Smarter and More Social, page xv:
text: Some more birds were scared off by the dicey smell. The man was dying gradually.
ref: 2011, Keemholems Ojei, The Narcodollar Chieftains: The Narcotics Godfathers, page 101:
text: But on abortion, one of his diciest issues, his repeated commitment to follow Trump's lead seemed to satisfy ardent anti-abortion members, although several Democrats did their best to remind those colleagues that Kennedy's personal values have been in stark contrast with their own.
ref: 2025 January 31, Caitlin Owens, “Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s confirmation is a coin toss”, in Axios:
glosses: Of doubtful or uncertain efficacy, provenance, etc.; dodgy.
Synonyms: chancy
iffy
Derived terms: diceyness
dicily
hoar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: hô
ipa: /hɔː/
enpr: hôr
ipa: /hoɹ/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
enpr: hōr
ipa: /ho(ː)ɹ/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
note: non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /hoə/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)
homophone: whore
Etymology: From Middle English hor, hore, from Old English hār (“hoar, hoary, grey, old”), from Proto-West Germanic *hair, from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with German hehr (“noble, sublime”), Herr (“sir, gentleman”), Scottish Gaelic ciar (“dusky”), and Russian се́рый (séryj, “grey”).
Senses: glosses: A white or greyish-white colour.
examples: text: His grants are engrafted on the public law of Europe, covered with the awful hoar of innumerable ages.
ref: 1796, Edmund Burke, A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord, 10th edition, London: For J. Owen, and F. and C. Rivington, page 52:
glosses: Hoariness; antiquity.
Synonyms: sense: hoariness
word: agedness
word: ancientness
word: oldhood
word: oldness
hoar
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: hô
ipa: /hɔː/
enpr: hôr
ipa: /hoɹ/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
enpr: hōr
ipa: /ho(ː)ɹ/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
note: non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /hoə/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)
homophone: whore
Forms: form: hoars
form: hoaring
form: hoared
form: hoared
Etymology: From Middle English hor, hore, from Old English hār (“hoar, hoary, grey, old”), from Proto-West Germanic *hair, from Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with German hehr (“noble, sublime”), Herr (“sir, gentleman”), Scottish Gaelic ciar (“dusky”), and Russian се́рый (séryj, “grey”).
Senses: examples: text: But a hare that is hoar / Is too much for a score / When it hoars ere it be spent.
ref: c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv], line 136:
glosses: To become mouldy or musty.