röntgenium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Gold crystallises in the face-centred cubic (fcc) habit, its lattice constant being fractionally smaller than that of silver (Tables 2.1 and 2.2.); in compounds and complexes, Auᴵ is smaller than Agᴵ. This is in consequence of the relativistic contraction of the 6s level, and it is expected that it will be even greater with the 7s level; indeed the size of the next element of Group 11 (röntgenium) has been calculated to be no larger than that of copper.
ref: 2006, Geoffrey C. Bond, Catherine Louis, David T. Thompson, “Chapter 2. The Physical and Chemical Properties of Gold”, in Graham J. Hutchings, editor, Catalysis by Gold (Catalytic Science Series — Vol. 6), Imperial College Press, →ISBN, “5. Physical Properties of Gold and Adjacent Elements [§] 1. Bulk properties”, page 30:
text: Copper (^(63.546)₂₉Cu), OS: +2, +1, 0; IE: 745.3, 1957.3, 3577.6 kJ mol⁻¹.[…]Röntgenium (^([272])₁₁₁Rg) / No data are available.
ref: 2006 May, György Inzelt, “2. Standard, Formal, and Other Characteristic Potentials of Selected Electrode Reactions”, in Allen J. Bard, Fritz Scholz Martin Stratmann, Christopher J. Pickett, editors, Inorganic Chemistry (Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry, vol. 7a), Wiley-VCH, →ISBN, “11. Group 11 Elements”, pages 43, 47:
text: One example is SHIPTRAP, its name originating from the SHIP velocity filter that was used to discover six new elements: ²⁶⁴₁₀₇Bh (Bohrium, 1981), ²⁶⁹₁₀₈Hs (Hassium, 1984), ²⁶⁸₁₀₉Mt (Meitnerium, 1982), ²⁷¹₁₁₀Ds (Darmstadtium, 1994), ²⁷²₁₁₁Rg (Röntgenium, 1994), and ²⁷⁷₁₁₂Uub (Ununbium, 1996).
ref: 2008, H.-J. Kluge, T. Beier, K. Blaum, L. Dahl, S. Eliseev, F. Herfurth, B. Hofmann, O. Kester, S. Koszudowski, C. Kozhuharov, G. Maero, W. Nörtershäuser, J. Pfister, W. Quint, U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp, R. Schuch, Th. Stöhlker, R.C. Thompson, M. Vogel, G. Vorobjev, D.F.A. Winters, G. Werth, “Chapter 7. HITRAP: A Facility at GSI for Highly Charged Ions”, in Advances in Quantum Chemistry, volume 53, Academic Press, →ISBN, “1. The Present GSI Facility”, page 84:
text: Possibility of Rg to form simple monovalent compounds and predominance of relativistic effects on its electron shells made this element an attractive object of theoretical investigations.
ref: 2010, V. Pershina, “Relativistic electronic structure studies on the heaviest elements”, in Radiochimica Acta, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, “5.2. Röntgenium”, page 465:
text: p. 237, “spelling disagreement”: Aside from differences between languages, other spelling discrepancies within a language occur with cesium, which the British tend to spell “caesium,” and sulfur, which many people still spell “sulphur.” You could make a case that element 110 should be spelled mendeleevium, not mendelevium, and that element 111 should be spelled röntgenium, not roentgenium.
ref: [2010, Sam Kean, “Notes and Errata”, in The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World from the Periodic Table of the Elements, Doubleday, published 2011, →ISBN, page 366:
text: The reader who has encountered any of the entries for: curium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium, rutherfordium, seaborgium, bohrium, meitnerium and röntgenium, will have realised that it is a mark of the highest distinction in science to have a chemical element named after one.
ref: [2010, Roger Jones, Mike Ware, “[349] Ghiorsium”, in What’s Who?: A Dictionary of things named after people and the people they are named after, new edition, Matador (Troubador Publishing Ltd), →ISBN, pages 146–147:
text: I research Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. He discovered X-rays in 1895 and first tested them on his wife’s hand. She exclaimed, “I can see my death.” He received a Nobel Prize in Physics and Röntgenium was named in his honor.
ref: 2013, Jim Hay, “Roentgenium”, in Radical Elements, Studio Art Quilt Associates, →ISBN, page 78:
text: After his discovery the University of Würzburg awarded an honorary Doctor of Medicine degree to Röntgen. The element number 111 was named Röntgenium (Rg) in his honor, in November 2004.
ref: [2015, Arati S Panchbhai, “Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen and the discovery of X-rays: Revisited after centennial”, in Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine & Radiology, volume 27, number 1, Medknow Publications, “Honors and Awards”, page 94:
text: In tribute to Röntgen’s contributions to modern physics the element with the atomic number 111 was named röntgenium (Rg).
ref: [2016, Ervin B. Podgoršak, “Appendix C: Short Biographies of Scientists Whose Work is Discussed in This Book”, in Radiation Physics for Medical Physicists (Graduate Texts in Physics), 3rd edition, Springer, →ISBN, “RÖNTGEN, Wilhelm Konrad (1845–1923), page 867:
text: TABLE 1.4 People after whom elements have been named. /[…]/ [“Name”] Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) [“Brief biography”] German physicist; discoverer of X-rays; winner of the inaugural Nobel Prize in physics in 1901 [“Element named”] röntgenium, Rg (element 111)
ref: 2019, “1. The atom”, in Chemistry for Biomedicine (CHEM10006), University of Melbourne, “4. The periodic table of the elements”, “Naming the elements”, page 18:
text: Roentgenium (Rg, element 111), after the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845–1923). One should note that an etymologically correct eponym would have been röntgenium.
ref: [2019, Alexander Senning, “6. The naming of the elements”, in The Etymology of Chemical Names: Tradition and Convenience vs. Rationality in Chemical Nomenclature, De Gruyter, →ISBN, “4. The ‘newest’ elements [§] 1. Eponyms”, page 252:
text: The individual names of these elements, are: Rutherfordium (Rf, Z = 104), dubnium (Db, Z = 105), seaborgium (Sg, Z = 106), bohrium (Bh, Z = 107), hassium (Hs, Z = 108), meitnerium (Mt, Z = 109), darmstadtium (Ds, Z = 110), röntgenium (Rg, Z = 111), copernicium (Cn, Z = 112), nihonium (Nh, Z = 113), flerovium (Fl, Z = 114), moscovium (Mc, Z = 115), livermorium (Lv, Z = 116), tennessine (Ts, Z = 117), oganesson (Og, Z = 118).
ref: [2019, Robert Eichler, “The Periodic Table of Elements: Superheavy in Chemistry”, in Nuclear Physics News, volume 29, number 1, page 11:
glosses: Rare spelling of roentgenium.