cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
nulla
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nullas
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nullah (“stream-bed, ravine”).
examples: 1894, Ivan Dexter, Talmud: A Strange Narrative of Central Australia, published in serial form in Port Adelaide News and Lefevre's Peninsula Advertiser (SA), Chapter XX, http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks16/1600641.txt
I gave a loud cry and was in the act of running towards the centre of the camp when I caught a glimpse of several black figures around me, and the next moment I was knocked senseless by a blow from a nulla or waddy.
glosses: Alternative form of nulla-nulla (“Australian war club”).
Related terms: nulla bona
nulla poena sine lege
nulla pœna sine lege
Athirne
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: Athairne the Importunate, a poet and a satirist of the court of Conchobar mac Nessa in the Ulster Cycle and foster-father of Amairgin mac Echit.
carafe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈɹæf/
rhymes: -æf
Forms: form: carafes
Etymology: First attested 1786, from French carafe, from Italian caraffa, probably from Arabic غُرْفَة (ḡurfa, “cup or dipper”), from غَرَفَ (ḡarafa, “to ladle”). Doublet of carboy.
Senses: examples: text: Amongst the scattered letters and papers, there stood a claret jug, a large carafe of water, and an empty glass.
ref: 1870, Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Run to Earth, page 215:
glosses: A bottle, usually glass and with a flared lip, used for serving water, wine, or other beverages.
examples: text: Emma brings out the carafe of dark coffee.
ref: 2020, Brandon Taylor, Real Life, Daunt Books Originals, page 177:
glosses: A glass pot with a spout for pouring, used both for serving coffee and as a receptacle during the brewing process.
Findchoem
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: Princess of Ulster. Wife of Amairgin mac Echit and sister of Conchobar mac Nessa. Mother of Conall the Victorious.
Ulaid
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Ulad
Senses: glosses: A people of Early Ireland who gave their name to the Irish province of Ulster.
glosses: the former kingdom of northern Ireland belonging to the ancestors of the Ulstermen
influential
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/
ipa: /ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl/
ipa: /ˌɪnflʉˈenʃəl/
ipa: /ˌənflʉˈenʃəl/
rhymes: -ɛnʃəl
Forms: form: more influential
form: most influential
Etymology: From Medieval Latin īnfluentiālis, from īnfluentia + -ālis. By surface analysis, influence + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: John Lennon was a very influential person in music, as well as in politics, fashion and general culture.
text: Jane was very influential in getting the motion passed.
glosses: Having or exerting influence.
Synonyms: swayful
Derived terms: affluential
influentiality
influentially
influentialness
noninfluential
overinfluential
uninfluential
influential
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnflʊˈɛnʃəl/
ipa: /ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl/
ipa: /ˌɪnflʉˈenʃəl/
ipa: /ˌənflʉˈenʃəl/
rhymes: -ɛnʃəl
Forms: form: influentials
Etymology: From Medieval Latin īnfluentiālis, from īnfluentia + -ālis. By surface analysis, influence + -ial.
Senses: glosses: A person who has influence
briefly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹiːfli/
rhymes: -iːfli
Forms: form: more briefly
form: most briefly
Etymology: From Middle English breefly, breffly, brevely, brevelike, breveliche, equivalent to brief + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He covered the subject briefly in his book.
topics: manner
glosses: In a brief manner, summarily.
examples: text: He only worked here briefly.
text: Instead, ddakji was played for dramatic effect earlier in the season — pitting two men who had forged a sweet bond against each other, making one of them briefly believe he’d been eliminated by his friend.
ref: 2023 December 7, Maya Salam, “‘Squid Game: The Challenge’: Hits, Misses and the Bizarre Ending”, in The New York Times:
topics: duration
time
glosses: For a brief period.
examples: text: Briefly, I am not happy about what happened, but no one will be losing their job.
glosses: To be brief, in short.
Synonyms: sense: in a brief manner
word: in summarization
sense: in a brief manner
word: concisely
sense: in a brief manner
word: in short
sense: in a brief manner
word: in a word
sense: in a brief manner
word: to sum up
sense: for a brief period
word: fleetingly
word: summarily
word: temporarily
word: transiently
Achall
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: In the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology, the daughter of Cairbre Nia Fer; committed suicide after her brother Erc was killed by Conall Cernach.
Fedelm Noíchrothach
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: The daughter of Conchobar mac Nessa who married Cairbre Nia Fer but was unfaithful to him. Cousin of Conall the Victorious. Mother of Erc and Achall.
Erc
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Old Irish Erc (modern Irish Earc), a word for which the electronic Dictionary of the Irish language gives several meanings, but the most likely meaning for the name is "spotted, speckled, motley," from Proto-Celtic *ɸerkos (“perch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *perḱ- (“colored”).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A member of the conspiracy that killed Cúchulainn, but was killed by his second cousin Conall the Victorious. Son of Cairbre Nia Fer and brother of Achall.
conducting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: kəndŭktʹĭng
ipa: /kənˈdʌktɪŋ/
Senses: glosses: Synonym of conductive.
synonyms: word: conductive
Derived terms: conducting shelf
conducting wire
nonconducting
photoconducting
semiconducting
subconducting
superconducting
supraconducting
conducting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: kəndŭktʹĭng
ipa: /kənˈdʌktɪŋ/
Senses: examples: text: These geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) can become a hazard when they flow through conducting infrastructure, usually entering and exiting networks where equipment is grounded to Earth.
ref: 2023 November 15, Prof. Jim Wild, “This train was delayed because of bad weather in space”, in RAIL, number 996, page 30:
glosses: present participle and gerund of conduct
Emacs
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiːmæks/
Etymology: Blend of editor + macros.
Senses: examples: text: "Emacs was initially a text editor," says Stallman, explaining the getup. "Eventually it became a way of life for many and a religion for some. We call this religion the Church of Emacs."
ref: 2002, Sam Williams, quoting Richard Stallman, Free as in Freedom:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A particular visual or WYSIWYG text editor (first written by Richard Stallman in 1975 but since reimplemented by others in several distinct versions), distinguished by its use of control characters as editing commands, by its lack of distinct "insert" and "edit" modes, and by its featurefulness and extensibility.
Derived terms: emacs
Briccriu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Bricriu
form: Briccirne
form: Bricne
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: In the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology: a warrior, poet, and troublemaker who once held a lavish feast for Conchobar mac Nessa and the heroes of Ulster in his house at Dún Rudraige.
banana hammock
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: banana hammocks
Etymology: From the similarity in appearance of the protrusion of an occupied hammock and the bulge of the genitals in these tight-fitting briefs.
Senses: glosses: A male thong.
examples: text: She had wanted me to wear Speedos – an orange banana hammock – but I had put on camouflaged cutoffs and a tank top.
ref: 2008, Mario Acevedo, The Undead Kama Sutra, EOS, published 2008, →ISBN, page 105:
text: I should go to the other extreme and don a Speedo. Might it be awesome to see my classmates' expressions as I strut out sporting a banana hammock?
ref: 2010, Josh Berk, The Dark Days of Hamburger Halpin, Knopf, published 2010, →ISBN, page 19:
text: I'd acquiesced gracefully, wondering wickedly what it would take to get him to ditch the board shorts for a banana hammock. The man would look mouthwateringly delicious in a Speedo.
ref: 2012, Carter Quinn, The Way Back, Dreamspinner Press, published 2012, →ISBN, page 10:
glosses: A pair of skimpy swim briefs for men.
Tennyson
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛnɪsn̩/
Etymology: From a Middle English variant of Dennis + -son.
Senses: glosses: An English patronymic surname.
glosses: Alfred Tennyson, English poet and playwright.
Related terms: Denison
Dennison
Áed Ruad
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Áedh Ruadh
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The High King of Ireland who ruled in rotation with his cousins Díthorba and Cimbáeth, each ruling for seven years in turn.
genographic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more genographic
form: most genographic
Etymology: Blend of genetic + geographic.
Senses: glosses: of the use of genetics to study human migration over time
banning
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbænɪŋ/
rhymes: -ænɪŋ
Etymology: From ban + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of ban
banning
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbænɪŋ/
rhymes: -ænɪŋ
Forms: form: bannings
Etymology: From Middle English banning, bannyng, bonnyng, equivalent to ban + -ing. Cognate with West Frisian banning, Dutch banning, German Low German Banning, German Bannung.
Senses: examples: text: And it was not as though they were unable, as the waves of bannings and algorithmic deboosting of those on the online right began in earnest after 2016.
ref: 2023 March 16, Andrew Isker, “The Regime’s War To Make Memes Illegal”, in Gab News:
glosses: The act by which something is banned; a prohibition.
Díthorba
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Diothorba
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: One of the three High Kings of Ireland, who ruled in rotation with Áed Ruad and Cimbáeth, each ruling seven years in turn and for three seven-year periods.
Cimbáeth
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Cimbaoth
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: One of the three High Kings of Ireland, who ruled in rotation with Áed Ruad and Díthorba, each ruling seven years in turn and ruling for three seven year period. He died of plague at Emain Macha.
Finnbhennach
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: In the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology, an extremely fertile stud bull owned by king Ailill mac Máta. He was originally one of Bodb Dearg's pig-keepers, who fell out with one of his colleagues.
debut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɛbjuː/
ipa: /ˈdeɪbjuː/
ipa: /deɪˈbjuː/
ipa: /dəˈbjuː/
ipa: /ˈdæɪbjʉː/
ipa: /ˈdæɪbʉː/
ipa: /dəˈbʉː/
ipa: /ˈdeːbjuː/
ipa: /dɛˈbjuː/
ipa: /də-/
ipa: /-b(j)ɪu̯/
ipa: /ˈd̪ɛː.bʊ/
rhymes: -ɛbjuː
rhymes: -eɪbjuː
Forms: form: debuts
form: début
Etymology: From French début, from Middle French, derivative of débuter (“to move, begin”), from dé- + but (“mark, goal”), from Old French but (“aim, goal, end, target”), from Old French butte (“mound, knoll, target”), from Frankish *but (“stump, log”), or from Old Norse bútr (“log, stump, butt”); both from Proto-Germanic *butą (“end, piece”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to beat, push”). Cognate with Old English butt (“tree stump”). More at butt. The Philippine sense is influenced by Spanish debut.
Senses: examples: text: Liverpool's performance - despite a defensive injury crisis that saw a promising debut for teenage academy graduate John Flanagan - was a resounding advert for Kenny Dalglish to be given the manager's job on a permanent basis.
ref: 2011 April 11, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 3 - 0 Man City”, in BBC Sport:
text: Hulking defenceman Gudbranson, who came to Vancouver in a trade with the Florida Panthers last May, scored in his debut for the Canucks.
ref: 2016 September 29, Jason Keller, Eberle-McDavid-Lucic line debuts in Oilers pre-season loss to Canucks, CBC (Canada)
glosses: A performer's first performance to the public, in sport, the arts or some other area.
examples: text: Since making its debut two years ago, the program has gained cult status.
text: their long-anticipated debut album
coordinate_terms: sophomore
glosses: The first public presentation of a theatrical play, motion picture, opera, musical composition, dance, or other performing arts piece.
glosses: The first appearance of a debutante in society.
glosses: The coming-of-age celebration of a woman's eighteenth birthday.
Derived terms: full debut
Related terms: débutant
débutante
debut
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɛbjuː/
ipa: /ˈdeɪbjuː/
ipa: /deɪˈbjuː/
ipa: /dəˈbjuː/
ipa: /ˈdæɪbjʉː/
ipa: /ˈdæɪbʉː/
ipa: /dəˈbʉː/
ipa: /ˈdeːbjuː/
ipa: /dɛˈbjuː/
ipa: /də-/
ipa: /-b(j)ɪu̯/
ipa: /ˈd̪ɛː.bʊ/
rhymes: -ɛbjuː
rhymes: -eɪbjuː
Forms: form: debuts
form: debuting
form: debuted
form: debuted
form: début
Etymology: From French début, from Middle French, derivative of débuter (“to move, begin”), from dé- + but (“mark, goal”), from Old French but (“aim, goal, end, target”), from Old French butte (“mound, knoll, target”), from Frankish *but (“stump, log”), or from Old Norse bútr (“log, stump, butt”); both from Proto-Germanic *butą (“end, piece”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to beat, push”). Cognate with Old English butt (“tree stump”). More at butt. The Philippine sense is influenced by Spanish debut.
Senses: examples: text: Amalgamated Software Systems debuted release 3.2 in Spring of 2004.
text: He recently debuted a preview of his cover of Cher’s 1998 hit “Believe” on his official Instagram account.
ref: 2019 June 27, Lisa Respers France, “Country star Jake Owen claps back at anti-LGBTQ commenter”, in CNN:
glosses: to formally introduce, as to the public
examples: text: Release 3.2 debuted to mixed reviews in Spring of 2004.
text: The nine-car electric unit debuted on the 0630 Newcastle-London King's Cross.
ref: 2020 April 8, “Fleet News: News in Brief”, in RAIL, page 29:
glosses: to make one's initial formal appearance
Derived terms: redebut
undebuted
Related terms: debutant
debutante
ERC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ERCs
Senses: topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
telephony
glosses: Initialism of easily-recognizable code.
topics: business
finance
glosses: Initialism of early repayment charge.
topics: education
glosses: Initialism of early career researcher.
ERC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Emacs Relay Chat.
glosses: Initialism of European Rugby Cup.
glosses: Initialism of European Rally Championship.
examples: text: While the ERC has signed off its deal with the PSOE, Junts, which is led by the former Catalan regional president Carles Puigdemont – who is still wanted by Spanish courts for his role in the doomed lunge for Catalan independence – is still negotiating its support.
ref: 2023 November 5, Sam Jones, “PSOE members back Catalan amnesty plan to secure power in Spain”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 08 Nov 2023:
glosses: Initialism of Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (“Republican Left of Catalonia”).
examples: text: A handful of courageous Americans, associated under the name of the Emergency Rescue Committee (ERC), took it on themselves to set right their country's indifference.
ref: 2025 May 31, Magdalena Miecznicka, “Intelligentsia on the run”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:
qualifier: World War II
glosses: Initialism of Emergency Rescue Committee.
glosses: Initialism of Energy Regulatory Commission.
successor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səkˈsɛsə/
ipa: /səkˈsɛsɚ/
ipa: /səˈsɛsɚ/
Forms: form: successors
form: successour
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman successour, from Latin successor.
Senses: examples: text: George W. Bush was successor to Bill Clinton as President of the US.
text: After Li Tan's death in 1625, Hsu Hsin-su (許心素), leader of the Chang-chou people dwelling in and around the city of Hsia-men (廈門, or Amoy), emerged as his successor.
ref: 2003, Tu Cheng-sheng, translated by Paul Cooper, Ilha Formosa: the Emergence of Taiwan on the World Scene in the 17th Century, →OCLC, →OL, page 27:
text: As Di Matteo celebrated and captain John Terry raised the trophy for the fourth time, the Italian increased his claims to become the permanent successor to Andre Villas-Boas by landing a trophy.
ref: 2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: A person or thing that immediately follows another in holding an office or title.
glosses: The next heir in order or succession.
glosses: A person who inherits a title or office.
examples: text: A limit ordinal is not the successor of any ordinal.
topics: arithmetic
mathematics
sciences
set-theory
glosses: The integer, ordinal number or cardinal number immediately following another.
Synonyms: sense: person or thing that immediately follows another
word: aftercomer
word: heir
word: succeeder
word: successor
word: successour
Hyponyms: word: descendant
Derived terms: successor ideology
Related terms: sense: addition, summation
english: addend; total
translation: addend; total
alt: augend
word: + =
sense: addition, summation
english: sum
translation: sum
alt: summand
word: + +... =
sense: subtraction
roman: subtrahend
english: difference
translation: difference
word: − =
sense: multiplication, factorization; multiplier
roman: multiplicand
english: product
translation: product
word: × =
sense: multiplication, factorization; factor
english: factor; factor; product
translation: factor; factor; product
word: × ×... =
sense: division; dividend
roman: quotient
word: ÷ =
sense: numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient
english: with remaining
translation: with remaining
alt: quotient
word: Or sometimes
sense: exponentiation; base
english: power
translation: power
alt: exponent
word: =
sense: root extraction; degree
roman: radicand
word: √ =
sense: logarithmization
english: logarithm
translation: logarithm
alt: antilogarithm
word: log(base) =
thru
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɹuː/
ipa: /θɹu/
rhymes: -uː
homophone: threw
homophone: through
Etymology: Modern use originated in American English as a phonetic and simplified spelling of through around 1839. The spelling had previously been one of several used in Middle English.
Senses: examples: text: We wanted an overall treatment system that gave us optimum reliability and required a minimum of labor to operate - from primary clarifier thru sludge handling, …
ref: 1996 December, Joe Hastreiter, “Sludge Management Savings Found Among Reeds”, in Water Engineering & Management, volume 143, number 12, Scranton Gillette Communications, page 23:
text: … to respect human rights, then failing to explicitly define thru common understanding.
ref: 2003, Hasson Kevin J., “Religious Liberty and Human Dignity: A Tale of Two Declarations”, in Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy, volume 27, number 1, Harvard, pages 81–92:
text: As the technology improves, there is a possibility to reprogram adult stem cells for therapeutic cloning without "passing it thru" the preimplantation embryo, thus negating current ethical challenges to such research.
ref: 2004 December 22, Fredericks, Marcel / Odiet, Jeff A. / Miller, Steven I. / Fredericks, Janet, “Toward an Understanding of "Genetic Sociology" and Its Relationships to Medical Sociology and Medical Genetics in the Educational Enterprise.”, in Education, volume 125, number 2, Project Innovation, Inc., →ISSN, pages 222–235:
text: Going thru a great crisis of self-analysis, especially in relation to job, school, work, students.
ref: 2006 December,, Roxanne Mills, “Leadership in Higher Education and the Second Half of Life”, in Education, volume 127, number 2, Project Innovation, Inc., →ISSN, pages 294–302:
text: Myths and Legends of the Pimas of Arizona as received by J. William Lloyd from Comalk-Hawk-Kih (Thin Buckskin) thru the interpretation of Edward Hubert Wood.
ref: 2010 January, David Martinez, “Pulling Down the Clouds: The O'odham Intellectual Tradition during the "Time of Famine"”, in American Indian Quarterly, volume 34, number 1, University of Nebraska Press, →ISSN, pages 1–32:
text: If you see thru my eyes, you'd wish you weren't here, because all you will feel sadness and fear. It loneliness and sorrow if you see thru my eyes sit and talk to before you say goodbye. […] See thru my eyes and a tear you will see, I wish you could cry and cry with me.
ref: 2011, Fancine N. D'Aprile, From Hell on Earth to the Foot of the Cross, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 157:
glosses: Nonstandard spelling of through.
glosses: Abbreviation of through.
glosses: Eye dialect spelling of through.
Derived terms: breakthru
click-thru
drive-thru
see-thru
ski-thru
thru-hike
thruout
thruput
thruway
prestigious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɛˈstɪd͡ʒəs/
ipa: /pɹə-/
ipa: /pɹɛˈstiːd͡ʒəs/
ipa: /pɹɛˈstɪd͡ʒəs/
ipa: /pɹə-/
rhymes: -ɪdʒəs
rhymes: -iːdʒəs
Forms: form: more prestigious
form: most prestigious
form: præstigious
Etymology: Attested since the 1540s; Latin praestigiosus (“full of tricks”), praestigiae (“juggler's tricks”), possibly an alteration of praestringō (“to blindfold, to dazzle”), from prae- (“before”) with stringō (“to bind or tie”); equivalent to prestige + -ous. Unstressed /ɛ/ is retained by analogy with prestige.
Senses: examples: text: She has a prestigious job with an international organization.
glosses: Of high prestige.
Derived terms: prestigiously
prestigiousness
dipstick
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪpstɪk/
rhymes: -ɪpstɪk
Forms: form: dipsticks
form: dip-stick
Etymology: From dip + stick.
Senses: examples: text: I haven't checked the oil level of my car's motor since I lost the dipstick three months ago.
glosses: A stick or rod used to measure the depth of a liquid. Often used to check the level at which a liquid in an opaque or inaccessible tank or reservoir stands; gauge.
glosses: An exciseman or supervisor who measures with a dipstick.
glosses: The penis.
examples: text: That referee is a right dipstick.
glosses: A useless person of inferior intellect; a dipshit.
dipstick
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪpstɪk/
rhymes: -ɪpstɪk
Forms: form: dipsticks
form: dipsticking
form: dipsticked
form: dipsticked
form: dip-stick
Etymology: From dip + stick.
Senses: examples: text: What most educators mean by “doing Madeline Hunter” is using her seven-step approach to planning a lesson. In Santa Barbara, as in most of her road shows, several hours are devoted to spelling out this technique, which calls for specific acts of review, introduction, explanation, “modeling” (demonstrating), “dipsticking” (checking for understanding), “monitored practice” and independent study.
ref: 1990 August 12, David L. Kirp, “The classroom according to Hunter”, in Los Angeles Times:
text: In private, Secretary Powell, an amateur automotive mechanic, complains that old friends spend too much time sympathetically taking his temperature — “dip-sticking me,” as he puts it.
ref: 2002 July 25, Todd S. Purdum, “Embattled, Scrutinized, Powell Soldiers On”, in The New York Times:
glosses: To check (a person) for their understanding of something, as of a lesson, or attitude toward something.
examples: text: If one of the fuel gauges is inoperative (flight is not permitted if both have failed), the tanks have to be dipsticked before and after each fueling to confirm the aircraft's fuel status.
topics: engineering
mechanical
mechanical-engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To measure the level of a fluid using a dipstick.
retribution
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛt.ɹɪˈbju.ʃən/
rhymes: -uːʃən
Forms: form: retributions
Etymology: PIE word
 *tréyes
From Latin retribuere (“repay”).
Senses: examples: text: Whereas retribution focuses on the offender's wrong, retaliation focuses on the impulse of the victim (or of those who sympathize with him) to strike back at the offender.
ref: 1983, Richard A. Posner, The economics of justice, m p.208:
text: 1. Revenge is for an injury; retribution is for a wrong.
2. Retribution sets an internal limit to the amount of the punishment according to the seriousness of the wrong; revenge need not.
3. Revenge is personal; the agent of retribution need have no special or personal tie to the victim of the wrong for which he exacts retribution.
4. Revenge involves a particular emotional tone, pleasure in the suffering of another, while retribution need involve no emotional tone.
ref: 1999, Barbara Hanawalt, Medieval crime and social control, page 73:
glosses: Punishment inflicted in the spirit of moral outrage or personal vengeance.
Hypernyms: punishment
Related terms: retributionist
retributive
retributionary
retributory
retribute
pretension
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pretensions
form: prætension
Etymology: From Middle English pretencioun, pretensioun, from Medieval Latin prētēnsiō.
Senses: examples: text: As a foreign stamp gazette it is nowhere. An article on Stamp Collecting, by J. E. Gray, “reprinted from one of his books,” and a catalogue of stamps constitute its sole attraction. We are surprised to find such sounding pretentions so poorly supported.
ref: 1872, “Reviews of Postal Publications”, in The Stamp-Collector's Magazine, volume 10, page 110:
glosses: A claim or aspiration to a particular status or quality.
glosses: Pretentiousness.
Related terms: pretense
pretentious
pretension
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pretensions
form: pretensioning
form: pretensioned
form: pretensioned
Etymology: From pre- + tension.
Senses: glosses: To apply tension to an object before some other event or process.
topics: business
construction
manufacturing
coordinate_terms: posttension
glosses: To apply tension to reinforcing strands before concrete is poured in.
aspiration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: aspirations
Etymology: From aspire + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: Riley has an aspiration to become a doctor.
text: Morgan has an aspiration of winning the game.
text: TfL retains aspirations to further increase frequency on the ELL [East London Line] to 24tph, which would require a switch from conventional signalling to a digital railway solution involving automatic train operation on the core section.
ref: 2019 October, “Funding for 20tph East London Line service”, in Modern Railways, page 18:
glosses: The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).
Derived terms: aspirational
aspirationalism
aspirationalist
bronchoaspiration
deaspiration
fine-needle aspiration
joint aspiration
lipoaspiration
microaspiration
needle aspiration biopsy
reaspiration
salt water aspiration syndrome
thrombaspiration
thromboaspiration
vacuum aspiration
aspiration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: aspirations
Etymology: From aspirate + -ion or borrowed from Latin aspīrātiō.
Senses: glosses: The action of aspirating.
examples: text: In Cambodian, aspiration is phonemic, so /p/ and /pʰ/ are different phonemes.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
glosses: A burst of air that follows the release of some consonants.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: The withdrawal of fluid, tissue, or other substance, usually through a hollow needle from a body cavity, cyst, or tumor.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The silent breaking h beginning some French words, largely of Germanic origin.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The process of lenition involving writing a digraph with h, especially at the beginning of a word.
Derived terms: aspirational
preaspiration
pre-aspiration
no use
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Condition of being pointless, useless, not worth doing, especially because it is not likely to succeed.
examples: text: No use crying over spilt milk.
text: There is no use in studying medicine if there are too many doctors already.
text: Explaining things to you is of no use because you never listen.
text: That clock isn't any use: it keeps losing time.
text: It's no use you/your apologizing now: it is too late.
text: Well it ain't no use to sit and wonder why, babe
If e'en you don't know by now
An' it ain't no use to sit and wonder why, babe
It don't ever do somehow.
ref: 1962, Bob Dylan, Don't Think Twice, It's All Right:
glosses: No point or advantage.
Derived terms: have no use for
it's no use
no use crying over spilt milk
it's no use crying over spilt milk
there's no use crying over spilt milk
there's no use
Related terms: what's the use
usefulness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːsfəlnəs/
Forms: form: usefulnesses
Etymology: From useful + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The usefulness of his latest reorganisation has been disputed.
text: Always kept in the background, and undervalued by Lady Anne, who disliked the spirit of active usefulness which characterized her youngest daughter, this was the first time that Isabella had been loved for herself;...
ref: 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 85:
text: Redding’s study asked four psychologists with expertise in anxiety and depressive disorders to rate each self-help book on five criteria: […] and the general usefulness of the book as a self-administered method for changing behavior or psychological change.
ref: 2019 May 2, Nina Avramova, “When you should use self-help programs and when to skip them”, in CNN:
glosses: The quality or degree of being useful.
Synonyms: utility
Related terms: beauty
callsign
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: callsigns
Etymology: From call + sign.
Senses: examples: text: On Friday night, eight US Air Force KC-135 Stratotankers took off from Altus, Oklahoma, according to data from FlightRadar24. Over Kansas the tankers refueled two groups of planes, identified on air traffic control audio by their callsigns MYTEE11 FLT and MYTEE21 FLT. The callsign MYTEE has previously been associated with special activity flights by B-2 bombers, and multiple flight trackers on social media said the planes being refueled were B-2 bombers out of Whiteman Air Force Base in Missouri.
ref: 2025 June 21, Thomas Bordeaux, Natasha Bertrand and Zachary Cohen, “US moves B-2 bombers as Trump weighs Iran options”, in CNN:
glosses: Alternative form of call sign.
utiliser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: utilisers
form: utilizer
Etymology: From utilise + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who utilises.
chevalet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chevalets
Senses: glosses: A rack or rest used in woodwork or glassworking.
circular file
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: circular files
Etymology: In reference to the wastebasket's cylindrical shape, and the act of throwing things away rather than filing them in cabinets.
Senses: examples: text: He was completely underqualified for the job, so I put his resume directly into the circular file.
synonyms: round file
circular filing cabinet
glosses: The trash container; the wastebasket.
round file
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: round files
Senses: examples: text: Use a round file to deburr the pipe.
synonyms: rat-tail file
glosses: A metal file with a circular or rounded shape, used for shaping round surfaces.
examples: text: My junk mail goes straight into the round file the moment it arrives.
synonyms: circular file
glosses: The trash; the wastebasket.
tag along
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: tags along
form: tagging along
form: tagged along
form: tagged along
Senses: examples: text: If you ever visit the bamboo gardens, I'd like to tag along.
text: Now if you'll excuse me, I'm going to go on an overnight drunk, and in 10 days I'm going to set out to find the shark that ate my friend and destroy it. Anyone who wants to tag along is more than welcome.
ref: 2004, Wes Anderson, Noah Baumbach, The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, spoken by Steve Zissou (Bill Murray):
glosses: To accompany, join, or follow; to go with.
Derived terms: word: tagalong
word: tag-along right
word: tagger-along
Related terms: go along for the ride
PCV
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: PCVs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of passenger-carrying vehicle (typically, a bus).
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: Initialism of positive crankcase ventilation.
topics: business
finance
glosses: Initialism of permanent capital vehicle.
PCV
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: government
politics
glosses: Initialism of Partido Comunista de Venezuela.
telling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛlɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of tell
telling
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛlɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlɪŋ
Forms: form: more telling
form: most telling
Senses: examples: text: a telling blow
glosses: Having force, or having a marked effect; weighty, effective.
examples: text: a telling smile
text: But ever since the concept of "hamartia" recurred through Aristotle's Poetics, in an attempt to describe man's ingrained iniquity, our impulse has been to identify a telling defect in those brought suddenly and dramatically low.
ref: 2014 October 21, Oliver Brown, “Oscar Pistorius jailed for five years – sport afforded no protection against his tragic fallibilities: Bladerunner's punishment for killing Reeva Steenkamp is but a frippery when set against the burden that her bereft parents, June and Barry, must carry [print version: No room for sentimentality in this tragedy, 13 September 2014, p. S22]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Sport):
glosses: Revealing information; bearing significance.
examples: text: telling evidence
glosses: Serving to convince.
Derived terms: tellingly
tellingness
telling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛlɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlɪŋ
Forms: form: tellings
Etymology: Gerund from the verb tell, from tell + -ing.
Senses: glosses: The act of narration.
examples: text: There may he sit and smile, or creep among the ships, or moan and sigh round islands in his great content—the miser lord of wealth in gems and pearls beyond the telling of all fables.
ref: 1905, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], The Gods of Pegāna, London: [Charles] Elkin Mathews, […], →OCLC, page 16:
glosses: The disclosure of information.
glosses: Counting, numbering.
examples: text: "One white man." said Bill, after a brief inspection. "Out on his line, I s'pose, and there's no tellin' when he'll be back. So we won't wait. We'll just serve notice on him."
ref: 1922, A[rthur] M[urray] Chisholm, A Thousand a Plate:
glosses: Ability to determine.
raw_tags: in the negative
Synonyms: sense: counting, numbering
word: enumeration
word: counting
Derived terms: fortune-telling
life-telling
telling bone
truth-telling
out and out
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: examples: 1921, Bernadotte Perrin (translator), "Tiberius and Caius Gracchus", Plutarch's Lives, Loeb Classics
However, he soon saw that the senate was hostile to him out and out, and that the good will of Fannius towards him had lost his edge, and therefore again began to attach the multitude to himself by other laws […]
glosses: Completely; thoroughly.
Derived terms: out-and-outer
rapidly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹæpɪdli/
Forms: form: more rapidly
form: most rapidly
Etymology: From rapid + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: She packed her case rapidly and hurried out.
text: We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. We passed on the way the van of the guests from Asquith.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
text: Since the launch early last year of […] two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations. University brands built in some cases over centuries have been forced to contemplate the possibility that information technology will rapidly make their existing business model obsolete.
ref: 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845, archived from the original on 17 Jul 2020:
text: Typically for the 'get-on-with-it' era, the railway and military worked like demons to restore the vital rail link. The crater was rapidly filled in and the earth tamped solid, the wreckage was removed by breakdown trains, new rails and sleepers were rushed forward by willing hands, and US Army bulldozers piled in. By 2020 on the same day, both tracks were open for traffic again where there had been a gaping pit just hours before.
ref: 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 43:
text: But even as he announced the military operation, he appeared to be rapidly trying to get himself back to the middle by insisting that the strike was a one-off and that he continues to seek peace.
ref: 2025 June 22, Luke Broadwater, “Trump Picks a Side on Entering the War in Iran, for Now”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 22 Jun 2025:
glosses: With speed; in a rapid manner.
Synonyms: sense: with speed
word: quickly
sense: with speed
word: speedily
memorial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈmɔːɹi.əl/
note: without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /məˈmoʊɹi.əl/
rhymes: -ɔːɹiəl
Forms: form: memorials
Etymology: From Late Latin memoriale, neuter of memorialis. By surface analysis, memory + -ial.
Senses: glosses: Memory; recollection.
examples: text: These mementoes or memorials [sculptural national monuments], though in the present age the unphilosophical and sciolistic spirit of some have led them to regard with contempt this method of honouring the illustrious great, excite a laudable admiration for the service or benefit to which they testify, and are living realities to perpetuate at once the respect entertained by the nation, both for the individual himself and the performance that has entitled him to their gratitude.
ref: 1870, Walter Arthur Copinger, “Copyright in Sculpture and Busts”, in The Law of Copyright, in Works of Literature and Art: Including that of the Drama, Music, Engraving, Sculpture, Painting, Photography and Ornamental and Useful Designs; together with International and Foreign Copyright, with the Statutes Relating thereto, and References to the English and American Decisions, London: Stevens and Haynes, →OCLC, page 181:
text: Although the country branch lines may pass, they leave with those who have known them so well an ineffaceable memory[,] and for those who will follow after[,] a memorial in the form of embankment, cutting and tunnel with here and there a station building or railway cottage that time does not destroy.
ref: 1953 November, H. M. Madgwick, “A Last Journey on the Chichester-Midhurst Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 775:
glosses: Something, such as a monument, by which someone or something is remembered.
glosses: A chronicle or memoir.
glosses: A note or memorandum.
topics: Christianity
glosses: A service of remembrance or commemoration.
examples: text: Captain Surman […] immediately addressed a memorial to the governor, stating that an act of Providence had sent him into port for the preservation of the lives of those on board; he therefore trusted he should be allowed to refit and depart.
ref: 1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, page 178:
topics: law
glosses: A statement of facts set out in the form of a petition to a person in authority, a court or tribunal, a government, etc.
Derived terms: memorialisation
memorialise
memorialist
memorialize
memorially
memorial park
memorial pole
memorial rose
memorial service
metamemorial
war memorial
memorial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈmɔːɹi.əl/
note: without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /məˈmoʊɹi.əl/
rhymes: -ɔːɹiəl
Forms: form: more memorial
form: most memorial
Etymology: From Late Latin memoriale, neuter of memorialis. By surface analysis, memory + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: a memorial building
text: There high in air, memorial of my name, / Fix the smooth oar, and bid me live to fame.
ref: 1725, Homer, “Book XI”, in [Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume III, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:
glosses: Serving as a remembrance of someone or something; commemorative.
examples: text: a memorial possession
glosses: Contained in the memory.
examples: text: This succession of Aspirate, Soft, and Hard, may be expressed by the memorial word ASH.
ref: 1887, Walter William Skeat, Principles of English Etymology:
glosses: Mnemonic; assisting the memory.
lie through one's teeth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: lies through one's teeth
form: lying through one's teeth
form: lied through one's teeth
form: lied through one's teeth
Senses: examples: text: When a politician claims he can lower taxes without cutting spending, he's lying through his teeth.
glosses: To tell an obvious untruth.
founding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/
rhymes: -aʊndɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: So after learning a great deal about iron founding and much more about pike fishing, one regretfully took leave of a shop full of kindly characters and proceeded to a worse lot of odours in the brass foundry.
ref: 1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 343:
glosses: present participle and gerund of found
founding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/
rhymes: -aʊndɪŋ
Forms: form: foundings
Senses: examples: text: the founding of the republic
text: Do foundings of transnational organizations appear to spur foundings of national organizations, or vice versa?
ref: 2005, Donatella Della Porta, Sidney G. Tarrow, Transnational Protest and Global Activism:
glosses: The establishment of something.
Derived terms: bellfounding
brassfounding
bronzefounding
ironfounding
typefounding
founding
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfaʊndɪŋ/
rhymes: -aʊndɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: The founding fathers of our country.
glosses: Who or that founds (establishes or starts) or founded.
Derived terms: founding father
founding member
founding mother
lip service
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lipservice
form: lip-service
Etymology: First use appears c. 1590, in A Treatise against Witchcraft by Henry Holland. Compare earlier lip-labour.
Senses: examples: text: The candidate gave lip service to fixing the problems, but it is doubtful that he will do much.
text: Don’t madam me, — I can’t bear none of your lip service. I’m a plain-spoken woman, that’s what I am, and I like other people’s tongues to be as plain as mine.
ref: 1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:
text: Your love is thick, and it swallowed me whole / You're so much braver than I gave you credit for / That's not lip service
ref: 1995, Alanis Morissette, “Head over Feet”, in Jagged Little Pill:
text: “OK, let’s see if he’s really being honest about this,” Ms. Neloms, 42, who is Black, recalled thinking. “My prayer is that it’s not just lip service.”
ref: 2020 November 11, John Eligon, Audra D. S. Burch, “Black Voters Helped Deliver Biden a Presidential Victory. Now What?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 22 Feb 2021:
glosses: Promising but empty talk; words without action or intention.
examples: text: Jack gave Samantha lip service.
synonyms: word: brain
word: dome
word: head
word: mouth music
glosses: Cunnilingus (sometimes also referred to as giving lip).
Related terms: eyeservice
lip comfort
lip-deep
lip devotion
lip-labour
lip religion
lip-server
lip wisdom
trounce
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹaʊns/
rhymes: -aʊns
Forms: form: trounces
Etymology: The origin of the verb is unknown; it is perhaps related to Old French troncer, troncher, troncir, tronchir (“to cut; to cut a piece from; to retrench”), from Old French tronce, tronche (“stump; piece of wood”). However, the English and Old French words differ in meaning.
The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: He sprang on his prey with a pounce, / And he gave it a jerk and a trounce; / Then crunched up its bones / On the grass or the stones, / This carnivoristicous Ounce, / 'Ticous Ounce! / This carnivoristicous Ounce!
ref: 1881 November, Mrs. M. E. Blake, “The Carnivoristicous Ounce”, in Mary Mapes Dodge, editor, St. Nicholas: An Illustrated Magazine for Young Folks, volume IX, part I, number 1, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC, stanza 3, page 43, column 1:
text: She could hear the maid beating the pillows—a trounce for each—and tossing them into a pile where they fell with a plump.
ref: 1928, Madge Jenison, Dominance, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Company, →OCLC, page 193:
text: In the nick of time he lassoed with a trounce / the low-down villains who had stubbed our toes.
ref: 1990, James Broughton, Special Deliveries: New and Selected Poems, Seattle, Wash.: Broken Moon Press, →ISBN, page 12:
text: [...] [Harris] Wofford's campaign, headed by James Carville and concentrating on a need for national health insurance, was a trounce and stunning upset.
ref: 1993, 6th Annual Dentistry and the Law Conference: A National Conference, Burlingam, Calif.: Randall K. Berning and Affiliates, →OCLC:
glosses: An act of trouncing: a severe beating, a thrashing; a thorough defeat.