cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
plene
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pliːn/
ipa: /ˈpliːniː/
Etymology: From Latin plēnus (“full”) (adjective) or plēnē (“fully”) (adverb).
Senses: examples: text: Yet, Sir, think you, that your Omission, must so farre charme us to oblivion, as to make us forget, that as King Charles the first, did in plene Parliament, An. 1641. under his hand-writing, ratifie the Nationall Covenant, with the explication, and Bond thereto annexed, and prior Acts made anent it, with such solemnities and concurrent considerations, as it is impossible to question it;
ref: 1671, Robert MacWard, The true non-conformist in answere to the modest and free conference betwixt a conformist and a non-conformist about the present distempers of Scotland:
glosses: Full, complete, whole.
examples: text: The Samaritan Pentateuch reflects the trend of the plene spellings in the post-Pentateuchal books rather than the defective spellings in the Torah in the Masoretic Text.
ref: 2011, Emanuel Tov, Computer-Assisted Tools for Textual Criticism:
antonyms: defective
glosses: Written with matres lectionis (letters indicating vowels).
raw_tags: of abjad script
plene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pliːn/
ipa: /ˈpliːniː/
Forms: form: plenes
Etymology: From Latin plēnus (“full”) (adjective) or plēnē (“fully”) (adverb).
Senses: examples: text: Thus, in the Pentateuch and in the earlier prophets the plenes are counted, whilst in the later prophets the defectives are enumerated.
ref: 2011, Christian D. Ginsburg, Jacob Ben Chajim Ibn Adonijah's Introduction to the Rabbinic Bible: Hebrew and English with Explanatory Notes:
glosses: A word written with matres lectionis (letters indicating vowels).
raw_tags: of abjad script
publike
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more publike
form: most publike
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of public.
seke
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: They fle from me, that ſometyme did me ſeke
ref: c. 1527–1542, Thomas Wyatt, “They fle from me, that ſometyme did me ſeke”, in Egerton MS 2711, page 26v:
glosses: Archaic spelling of seek.
tute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tut/
rhymes: -uːt
homophone: toot (yod-dropping)
Forms: form: tutes
form: tut
Etymology: Clipping of tutorial
Senses: examples: text: Tute [tutorial] in the morning. Morrison couldn't think of much to say to us.'
ref: 1991, Hazel Holt, A lot to ask: a life of Barbara Pym, Dutton, page 29:
text: The highlight of my day was at the end of the tute when the two Asian students came up to me and thanked me for letting them read.
ref: 2002, Michael Singh, Worlds of learning: globalisation and multicultural education, Common Ground, page 35:
text: Many online genres - like the homless blog, the electronic petition, the review, and the "tute" [...] are often public
ref: 2009, Janet Giltrow, Dieter Stein, Genres in the Internet: issues in the theory of genre, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 127:
glosses: Abbreviation of tutorial.
tute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tut/
rhymes: -uːt
homophone: toot (yod-dropping)
rhymes: -uːt
homophone: toot (yod-dropping)
ipa: /tut/
rhymes: -uːt
homophone: toot (yod-dropping)
Forms: form: tutes
form: 'tute
Etymology: Clipping of institute
Senses: examples: text: How did you know I went to the tute?
glosses: Abbreviation of institute.
tute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tut/
rhymes: -uːt
homophone: toot (yod-dropping)
rhymes: -uːt
homophone: toot (yod-dropping)
Forms: form: tutes
Etymology: From Spanish tute, previously from Italian tutti.
Senses: topics: card-games
games
glosses: A trick-taking card game, originally from Italy.
there are
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: examples: text: There are three zeros in “1000”.
glosses: third-person plural present indicative of there be. see also there is.
knowed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: Is made more imbecile by being constantly informed that Mrs. Green’s son “was a law-writer his-self and knowed him better than anybody,” which son of Mrs. Green’s appears, on inquiry, to be at the present time aboard a vessel bound for China, three months out, but considered accessible by telegraph on application to the Lords of the Admiralty.
ref: 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, “Chapter XI”, in Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:
text: I was pretty tired, and the first thing I knowed I was asleep.
ref: 1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC:
text: "If I'd knowed she was going to do it I'd never have signed that there partnership she smoodged me into signing[.]"
ref: 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 163:
text: And it ain't no use in a-turning on yer light babe: the light I never knowed.
ref: 1962, Bob Dylan, Don't Think Twice, It's All Right, Verse II:
text: [Carla Jean, to Chigurh about to kill her:] I knowed you was crazy when I seen you settin there, she said. I knowed exactly what was in store for me. Even if I couldnt of said it. [sic]
ref: 2005, Cormac McCarthy, No Country for Old Men, →ISBN, page 179:
glosses: simple past and past participle of know
raw_tags: used by non-native speakers
unsung hero
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unsung heroes
Senses: examples: text: Embedded computers are the unsung heroes of modern life.
ref: 2002, John Catsoulis, “Foreword”, in Designing Embedded Hardware, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, page xi:
glosses: One who accomplishes great deeds but receives little or no recognition for them.
imaginist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: imaginists
Etymology: From imagine + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: Could a linguist, could a grammarian, could even a mathematician have seen what she did, have witnessed their appearance together, and heard their history of it, without feeling that circumstances had been at work to make them peculiarly interesting to each other?—How much more must an imaginist, like herself, be on fire with speculation and foresight!—especially with such a groundwork of anticipation as her mind had already made.
ref: 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter 3, in Emma: […], volume III, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:
text: […] there is something in the study itself only appreciable to a simple and earnest heart; it is not sufficiently sensual for the voluptuary, nor chimerical for the speculative imaginist […]
ref: 1851, Gervase Wheeler, chapter 16, in Rural Homes: Or, Sketches of Houses Suited to American Country Life, New York: Scribner, page 280:
text: Mrs. Malaprop’s generally known axiom, “that it is as well to enter upon married life with a little aversion,” may, in some rare instances, have chanced to be verified. ¶ But contempt—could the severest, most blundering imaginist ever hope to realize the success of so very desperate an experiment?
ref: 1858, Elizabeth Caroline Grey, chapter 31, in Cousin Harry, volume I, London: Hurst & Blackett, page 284:
text: “Who believed Le Petit,” continued the other. “The world took him to be a French imaginist like Chateaubriand . . . who the devil, Bramwell, supposed there was any truth in this old story? […]”
ref: 1920, Melville Davisson Post, chapter 9, in The Sleuth of St. James Square, New York: D. Appleton, page 179:
glosses: An imaginative person.
examples: text: One evening, with no boisterous or bibulous Imaginists about her and no sign of any other callers, she suggested to the secretary of the school that they ought to play with the ouija board.
ref: 1929, Irma Duncan, Allan Ross Macdougall, chapter 16, in Isadora Duncan’s Russian Days and Her Last Years in France, London: Victor Gollancz, page 133:
text: […] during the years of the civil war, scarcely any works of pure literature were printed at all. Poetry was recited orally: futurists and their close literary allies, the imaginists, organized poetry soirées, open to the public, in Moscow cafés.
ref: 1938, N. de Basily, Russia under Soviet Rule: Twenty Years of Bolshevik Experiment, London: George Allen & Unwin, Chapter 8, p. 427, note 3:
text: During the worst days of Bolshevík tyranny, when book publishing had become impossible, the imaginists were a living reminder of undying freedom; they were the only independent group that were not afraid to make themselves noticed by the authorities, and they were wonderfully skilled in getting their slender little collections and manifestoes printed by fair means or foul.
ref: 1949, D. S. Mirsky, A History of Russian Literature, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, Book Two, Chapter 6, pp. 494-5:
topics: literature
media
publishing
glosses: One of the Russian poets belonging to the imaginism movement.
delimitation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: delimitations
Etymology: From French délimitation.
Senses: glosses: The act of delimiting something.
glosses: A limit or boundary.
Derived terms: predelimitation
acropoli
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: 1927: Serving as places of refuge and market centres, the Gallic towns resembled the acropoli of ancient Greece and the castles and fortified towns of the Middle Ages — Frantz Funck-Brentano, The Earliest Times, tr. Elsie Finnimore Buckley (Heinemann 1927, p. 62)
1955: The ancient town, above which the modern one was built, has left a confusion of remains. It boasted two acropoli — Ogrizek, Greece (McGraw-Hill 1955, p. 207)
1958: Here, some eighteen thousand people then lived, surrounded by cyclopean walls of polygonal masonry which, on the western slopes, connected three towers or acropoli at projected points above ravines. — Orcutt William Frost, Young Hearn (Hokuseido 1958, p. 9)
1996: Then, little by little people built streets and houses that fanned outward in haphazard patterns from the acropoli. — Don Nardo, Life in Ancient Greece (Lucent 1996)
2004: Their political and religious centers included great acropoli of massed palaces, temples, stone tombs, and ballcourts. — Arthur Demarest, Ancient Maya (Cambridge 2004, p. 1)
2005: It can be no coincidence that the toponyms associated with these acropoli are based on the word ha, just as we find at Palenque — Keith M. Prufer, In the Maw of the Earth Monster (UNiversity of Texas 2005, p. 163)
glosses: plural of acropolis
megalopoli
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: All the megalopoli of the future—in this country and elsewhere—will transcend national boundaries in many ways.
ref: 1967, William Rudolph Ewald, Environment for Man: The Next Fifty Years, Indiana, page 140:
text: This problem has been made more serious in the contemporary city by the emergence of a new form of spatial ordering in the form of sprawling megalopoli.
ref: 1972, David Harvey, Society, the City, and the Space-economy of Urbanism (Association of American Geographers 1972, p. 14)
text: With these developments came urbanization and centralization, which trends have culminated in the mega-farms and megalopoli of the present.
ref: 1976, Robert Theobald, Beyond Despair (Michigan 1976, p. 153)
text: The population of megalopoli like Mexico City and Sao Paulo will be well over 20 million by the end of the 20th century.
ref: 1997, Stephen Metz, Strategic Horizons, Diane Publishing, page 9:
text: Table 20. Present and Projected Megalopoli (more than 10 million inhabitants […]
ref: 1998, John M. Collins, Military Geography, Diane Publishing, page 199:
glosses: plural of megalopolis
fathead minnow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fathead minnows
Senses: glosses: A small freshwater fish of the minnow family, Pimephales promelas, native to North America.
exasperating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of exasperate
exasperating
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more exasperating
form: most exasperating
Senses: examples: text: As a result, while the train was being shunted at Bombay, the buffers became locked, producing a situation most intriguing for the onlookers, but exasperating for the exalted passengers and the unhappy railway authorities.
ref: 1945 September and October, C. Hamilton Ellis, “Royal Trains—V”, in Railway Magazine, page 249:
glosses: That exasperates, infuriates, annoys or irritates
Derived terms: exasperatingly
unexasperating
raper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪpə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -eɪpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: rapers
Etymology: From rape + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Rosa refused to return to the lair of the raper, but was induced to give Tudy what his mother described as ‘his last bit of happiness’ in a bower hastily got ready at Montrose, the La Plante mansion on Greenock Heights.
ref: 1961, Xavier Herbert, Soldiers' Women, Netley, SA: Fontana Books, published 1978, page 50:
text: "Jesus Christ!" Grimm says, profanely pushing Hightower aside as he goes on to shoot Christmas and to emasculate him, according to the custom of lynchers punishing the dark rapers of white women.
ref: 1963, Edwin M. Moseley, Pseudonyms of Christ in the Modern Novel: Motifs and Methods, page 149:
text: Turning round, Cleitophon finds he is standing by a painter's studio which is exhibiting a painting of the whole story of the rape of Philomela, including the tapestry she weaves telling her own story after her raper, Tereus, has cut out her tongue.
ref: 1995, Simon Goldhill, Foucault's Virginity, page 71:
glosses: One who has commited rape; a rapist.
Derived terms: goat raper
thyroid cartilage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: thyroid cartilages
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The largest cartilage in the larynx; the Adam’s apple
constructional
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more constructional
form: most constructional
Etymology: From construction + -al.
Senses: examples: text: What mortal conception of constructional power and grace can equal the gothic cathedral of the middle age, in which we see a proportion and a delicacy . . .
ref: 1862, Alexander Penrose Forbes, Sermons on the grace of God and other cognate subjects:
text: 1869 The Universal Decorator
No other constructional features projecting from the walls occur in any of these buildings, with the single exception of buttresses
text: To keep constructional costs to a minimum track formations were narrower than is now customary, many tunnels were unlined, timber was largely used for bridging, and 85 lb. per yd. rails were regarded as adequate.
ref: 1941 March, “Notes and News: Modernising a Main Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 133:
text: The bodywork employs, where possible, the same constructional methods as for the standard B.R. coaching stock, in order to utilise existing jigs and press tools.
ref: 1959 March, “The 2,500 h.p. electric locomotives for the Kent Coast electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 125:
text: After some quite speedy constructional work the line was opened to traffic on January 2, 1865.
ref: 1961 October, ""Voyageur"", “The Cockermouth, Keswick & Penrith Railway”, in Trains Illustrated, page 598:
text: Between 1820 and 1849, wooden toys were made in Pennsylvania by Asa Crandall, the father of Charles M. Crandall who made games, picture blocks and puzzles such as 'Pigs in Clover'. It was Charles M. Crandall who made the constructional game of acrobats, ,the limbs fitting together with grooves and the parts painted.
ref: 1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 144:
glosses: Of, pertaining to, or obtained by construction.
Derived terms: constructionally
channelization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: channelizations
form: channelisation
Etymology: From channel + -ization.
Senses: examples: text: Section 404 of the Clean Water Act does not regulate activities such as drainage, ditching, and channelization for agricultural production.
ref: 1998, Lloyd L. Adams, Wetlands Overview: Problems With Acreage Data Persist:
glosses: The straightening and widening of a stream or river.
examples: 1979, Radiofrequency use and management: impacts from the World Administrative Radio Conference of 1979.
The specific frequency bands are not consistent with the current design and channelization plans for the DSCS [Defense Satellite Communications System] III.
glosses: The division of a wide-band communications channel into multiple narrow-band channels.
channel-surf
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: channel-surfs
form: channel-surfing
form: channel-surfed
form: channel-surfed
Senses: examples: text: I channel-surfed for half an hour before deciding there was nothing worth watching.
text: To change the channel is one thing, but he was channel-surfing so much that I didn't even enjoy watching TV with him.
related: word: channel surf
synonyms: channel hop
zap#Verb
antonyms: stay tuned
hypernyms: change the channel
glosses: To skim through a series of television stations, each for a brief moment, by repeated use of a remote control.
chapbook
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chapbooks
Etymology: Formerly sold by chapmen; see the etymology there, and book.
Senses: examples: text: 1849 Notices of Fugitive Tracts: And Chap-books Printed at Aldermary Churchyard, Bow Churchyard, Etc
This was, till within the last few years, a favourite chapbook in the north of England.
text: For Haines’s chapbook. No-one here to hear.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 2]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
text: 2005 Kathryn A. Lowry - The Tapestry of Popular Songs in 16th- and 17th Century China
Two such examples of slim, chapbook-style collections were both part of larger compendia […]
glosses: A small book, usually made from a single sheet, folded several times, containing poems, ballads or religious tracts.
reincarnate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: reincarnates
form: reincarnating
form: reincarnated
form: reincarnated
Etymology: From re- + incarnate.
Senses: glosses: To be, or cause to be, reborn, especially in a different body or as a different species.
Related terms: carnal
incarnate
incarnation
reincarnation
chaperonage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chaperonages
Etymology: From chaperon + -age.
Senses: glosses: The state of being a chaperon.
glosses: The protection offered by a chaperon.
chaplaincy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtʃæp.lɪn.si/
Forms: form: chaplaincies
Etymology: From chaplain + -cy.
Senses: examples: text: He was appointed to the chaplaincy of Colesberg, and undertook its duties without remuneration, till such time as a salary could be procured
ref: 1860, Emma L. Lafanu, Life of Dr. Orpen:
text: Background: Established in 1957, the US Army Chaplain Historical Holding chronicles the story of the Army chaplaincy from its inception during the American Revolution to the present.
ref: 1992, R. Cody Phillips, Guide to U.S. Army Museums:
glosses: The role or position of a chaplain.
glosses: A building, for example on a university campus, catering to people's religious needs.
chapped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /t͡ʃæpt/
rhymes: -æpt
Forms: form: more chapped
form: most chapped
Senses: examples: text: For chapped lips, or chapped nipples, the tincture of catechu, or benjamin, […] / For severely chapped hands or face, the oxide of zinc ointment or camphor […]
ref: 1854, Sir Erasmus Wilson, Healthy skin: a popular treatise on the skin and hair, their preservation and management:
text: […] his nose and his chubby cheeks were chapped and red with cold.
ref: 1913, Willa Cather, O Pioneers!:
text: His lips were chapped and lined with a ghostly purple fringe.
ref: 2019, Dave Eggers, The Parade, N.Y: Vintage Books, page 134:
synonyms: cracked
rough
glosses: Dry and flaky due to excessive evaporation of water from its surface.
raw_tags: of skin
examples: text: This wide-chopt-raſcall, would thou mightſt lye drowning the waſhing of ten Tides.
ref: 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 1:
glosses: Having chaps, or jaws, of a specified kind.
Derived terms: unchapped
windchapped
chapped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /t͡ʃæpt/
rhymes: -æpt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of chap
characterless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more characterless
form: most characterless
Etymology: From character + -less.
Senses: examples: text: The great mass of American citizens estimate us, as being a characterless and purposeless people ; and hence we hold up our heads, if at all, against the withering influence of a nation's scorn and contempt.
ref: 1855, William Cooper Nell, Harriet Beecher Stowe, The Colored Patriots of the American Revolution:
text: The House of All Sorts was new and characterless. It had not yet found itself—and an apartment house takes longer to find itself than do individual private houses.
ref: 1944, Emily Carr, “Friction”, in The House of All Sorts:
text: In recent times, the track has been straightened out and a new, somewhat characterless, station has been built just to the east.
ref: 2025 April 2, “Saluting Scotland's magnificent Inter 7?”, in RAIL, number 1032, page 55:
glosses: Having no distinguishing character or quality.
examples: text: The letter within was written in the same straggling, characterless caligraphy, — I should have said, had I been asked offhand, that the whole thing was the composition of a servant girl.
ref: 1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:
text: It was her virtue to be tall, pale, characterless and effaced by partial speechlessness.
ref: 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, →OCLC, page 16:
glosses: Lacking in or devoid of personality.
Derived terms: characterlessly
characterlessness
charbroil
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: charbroils
form: charbroiling
form: charbroiled
form: charbroiled
Etymology: From char + broil.
Senses: glosses: To cook on a flat, lined metal surface that is heated from below; to chargrill.
Derived terms: charbroiler
woon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: woons
Etymology: Borrowed from Burmese ဝန် (wan, “burden; responsibility; administrative officer”).
Senses: glosses: A Burmese governor or officer of administration.
Related terms: may-woon
ray-woon
woon-douk
woon-gyee
chargeable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more chargeable
form: most chargeable
Etymology: From charge + -able.
Senses: examples: text: The battery is chargeable by means of this device.
glosses: Able to be charged.
examples: text: In summary, the variation of a lease for consideration is generally chargeable to SDLT.
ref: 2006, Michael Thomas, David Goy, Stamp Duty Land Tax, page 172:
glosses: That may be charged to an account.
raw_tags: of expenses etc.
examples: text: Thus, if one confines another, even a prisoner, who has not had the small-pox, with an infected person, whereby the one confined takes the distemper and dies, he is chargeable with murder.
ref: 1865, Joel Prentiss Bishop, Commentaries on the Criminal Law, volume 2, page 380:
glosses: Liable to be accused (either formally or informally).
examples: text: Seferian states in the order that he agrees with Carter and the other charging parties that "the actions taken by Sister Levy have had and will continue to have the adverse effects on the union complained of by the charging parties." But Seferian found that Levy committed no chargeable offense since freedom of speech is guaranteed in AFSCME's International Constitution.
ref: 1988 April 2, Jud Kempson, “Ann Arbor unionist cleared of charges”, in Gay Community News, page 12:
glosses: That one may be legally charged with.
raw_tags: of an offense
examples: 1853 The Speeches of the Right Honourable Charles James Fox in the House of Common
These cruelties are not, indeed, chargeable on Mr. Hastings personally; but when I state, that he levied an unjust war, the consequences that follow he is guilty of.
glosses: Imputable
examples: text: A gentleman threatening to go to law, was dissuaded from it by his friends, who desired him to consider, for the law was chargeable.
ref: 1865, Joe Miller's Jests, with Copious Additions:
glosses: Expensive.
Derived terms: chargeableness
chargeably
nonchargeable
unchargeable
congestee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /kɒn.d͡ʒɛstˈiː/
Forms: form: congestees
Etymology: From congest + -ee.
Senses: examples: text: See “Tombstone” in chap — the parking problems and congestee.
ref: 2003, Karl Samson et al., Frommer’s « American Southwest, page 1:
text: …the once united tenant movement dissolved into a series of competing subgroups (graziers and congestees, purchased and unpurchased).
ref: 2005, Fergus J M Campbell, Land and Revolution: Nationalist Politics in the West of Ireland 1891–1921, page 289:
glosses: A person living in an area with a very high-density population.
examples: text: …based on respiratory effects, specifically, vascular congestion, peribronchiolar edema, hemorrhagic alveoli, and congestee capillaries in the lungs (IRIS).
ref: 1998, United States Congress et al., Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies, Appropriations for 1999, page 464:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A thing congested to the point of malfunction.
disomic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Having one or more chromosomes present twice, but without having the entire genome doubled
glosses: In allotetraploids, relating to inheritance that involves pairing of homologous chromosomes from the same diploid ancestor
Derived terms: heterodisomic
disomic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: disomics
Senses: glosses: Such an organism
feed-through
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: feed-throughs
Senses: topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A hermetically sealed connection between two volumes.
Related terms: let-through
throughput
forward link
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: forward links
Senses: topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
glosses: In radio communications, the link from a fixed location (e.g., a base station) to a mobile user. If the link includes a communications relay satellite, the forward link will consist of both an uplink (base station to satellite) and a downlink (satellite to mobile user).
Related terms: reverse link
fuel molecule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fuel molecules
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: A molecule metabolized by a cell to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and NADPH. Types include: carbohydrate, fat and protein.
pfft
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: [p͡ɸːt]
Senses: examples: 1965 Peter De Vries — Let Me Count the Ways
You'd never forgive yourself — and then you'd never forgive me, and then pfft, the end of a fine friendship.
glosses: Used to signify a sudden ending or disappearance.
examples: text: “[…] You remember that lump I got? I felt something poking out of it. So I pulled, like, I just pulled one out, put it on some folded-up toilet paper, then went back in and got another one. Then one more after that. I’m pretty sure they’re spider legs,” Orvil says. ¶ “Pfffffft,” Loother says and laughs. At which point Orvil shows him a neat pile of folds of toilet paper.
ref: 2018, Tommy Orange, “Orvil Red Feather”, in There There, New York, N.Y.: Vintage Books, →ISBN, page 125:
glosses: Used to signify sarcasm or disagreement.
glosses: Used to signify a puffing sound.
glosses: The sound of a short fart.
pfft
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: [p͡ɸːt]
Forms: form: pffts
Senses: examples: text: "Are we talking a delicate little Scandinavian pfft, or the whole raspberry tart?"
ref: 2008, Nicholas Drayson, A Guide to the Birds of East Africa, page 28:
glosses: A short puffing sound.
Related terms: pff
poof
konjak
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of konjac.
idée reçue
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /iːˌdeɪ ɹəˈs(j)uː/
Forms: form: idées reçues
Etymology: Borrowed from French idée reçue.
Senses: glosses: A received, or accepted, idea.
Related terms: common knowledge
common sense
conventional wisdom
received wisdom
ne'er-do-wells
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ne'er-do-well
omkar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: omkars
Etymology: Sanskrit ओंकार (oṃkāra, “om, aum”).
Senses: glosses: The symbol ॐ that represents the syllable “om” or “aum”.
chariness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From chary + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: One great thing undoubtedly was, the chariness of herself and her conduct, which an unmarried female always observes.
ref: 1855, Washington Irving, The Crayon Reading Book:
glosses: The condition of being chary; caution
activated complex
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: activated complexes
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A transitional structure, in an energetically excited state, that forms between the reactants of a chemical reaction and breaks down to form the products
foreshadowing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of foreshadow
foreshadowing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: foreshadowings
Senses: examples: text: The roses blooming before Rose herself bloomed was excellent foreshadowing.
text: As an experienced editor I disapprove of backflashes, foreshadowings and tricksy devices […]
ref: 2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN:
topics: literature
media
publishing
glosses: A literary device whereby an author drops hints or symbolic representations of plot developments to come later in the story.
Related terms: backshadowing
sideshadowing
Grand Poobah
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Grand Poobahs
Senses: examples: text: Grand Poobah/Grand Imperial Poobah of the Loyal Order of Water Buffaloes Lodge No. 26.
ref: 1960-1966, The Flintstones (cartoon)
text: Grand Poobah of Leopard Lodge No. 462" in Milwaukee.
ref: 1979, Happy Days (TV series)
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of grand poobah.
greatest thing since sliced bread
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: best thing since sliced bread
form: best thing since sliced pan
Etymology: Adapted from the advertising slogan used in 1928 by the Chillicothe Baking Company (the first company to sell sliced bread), which was as follows:
The greatest forward step in the baking industry since bread was wrapped.
Senses: examples: text: This column is about the greatest thing since sliced bread.
ref: 1962 December 19, Jeanne Boardman, “Hints from Heloise”, in St. Joseph Missouri Gazette, page 5:
text: Because if he starts to write a check for the full amount and I say, “Take off $250”, or “I'll throw in door-guard trim and five steel radials for nothing”, Charley is going to think I am the greatest thing since sliced bread.
ref: 1978, Joe Girard, Stanley H. Brown, How to Sell Anything to Anybody, page 104:
text: It was the greatest thing since sliced bread when it first came out, and I remember selling a big project to a customer by demonstrating it.
ref: 2007, David S. Platt, Why Software Sucks: ...and What You Can Do About It, page 208:
glosses: Something amazing, outstanding or praiseworthy, especially a relatively recent invention likely to improve people's lives.
great Scott
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: /ɡɹeɪt skɒt/
Forms: form: great Scot
Etymology: Uncertain or disputed. May come from either the Scottish novelist Walter Scott, so called in some poems, or Gen. Winfield Scott of the American Civil War, who weighed about 300 pounds and was referred to by his troops as "Great Scott". Alternately, perhaps a corruption of German grüß Gott! (“Good day!, Hello!”, literally “May God greet (thee)!”), or a euphemism for great Satan or good God.
Senses: examples: text: Don’t understand? Land of—why, you see—you see—why, great Scott, can’t you understand a little thing like that? Can’t you understand the difference between your—why do you look so innocent and idiotic!
ref: 1889, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, New York, N.Y.: Charles L. Webster & Company, →OCLC, page 130:
text: “It's all clear,” he whispered. “Have you the chisel and the bags. Great Scott! Jump, Archie, jump, and I’ll swing for it!”
Sherlock Holmes had sprung out and seized the intruder by the collar. The other dived down the hole, and I heard the sound of rending cloth as Jones clutched at his skirts.
ref: 1891 [August], A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Adventure II.—The Red-Headed League.”, in Geo[rge] Newnes, editor, The Strand Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly, volume II (July to December), number [8], London: […], page 202, column 2:
text: "Great Scott!" said Mr. Jamieson. "I didn't think things were as serious as that."
ref: 1943, H. Lorna Bingham, The Lost Tribe, Sydney: Winn and Co., page 15, column 1:
text: The paddle-plug attached to the lightning rod on the clock tower is yanked out, and the cable drops down from the clock tower! / [EMMETT] BROWN / Great Scott! Kid-⁠-⁠-find the end of that cable-⁠-⁠-I'll throw the rope down to you!
ref: 1984 October 12, Robert Zemeckis, Bob Gale, Back to the Future, 4th draft, →OCLC, archived from the original on 11 Aug 2021, section 145, page 114:
glosses: An exclamation of surprise or amazement
wikipedia: Green's Dictionary of Slang
Walter Scott
Winfield Scott
Synonyms: wow
guerrilla traveler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: guerrilla travelers
Senses: glosses: Someone who travels for travel's sake, with or without objective; someone who spends most time "on the road".
guest speaker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: guest speakers
Senses: glosses: A person who has been invited to present a speech at an event where they are not the host.
white bear
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: white bears
Etymology: From Middle English white bere. By surface analysis, white + bear.
Senses: glosses: A white, semi-aquatic marine species of bear, Ursus maritimus, that is native and best adapted to the Arctic mix of land, ice and sea.
Synonyms: polar bear
sea bear
Related terms: black bear
brown bear
hate figure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hate figures
Senses: glosses: a person, normally in the public eye, who is widely disliked and criticized.
haute culture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: French
Senses: glosses: cultural activities or items that achieve the highest standards.
high cotton
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: The term "high cotton" or "tall cotton" originates from the rural farming community in the antebellum (pre-Civil War) South when "high cotton" meant that the crops were good and the prices were, too. The term has generalized to mean one is doing well or is successful.
Senses: examples: text: We're in high cotton now.
glosses: The best of times; a time of well being.
high touch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: high touches
Etymology: Possibly a term coined by John Naisbitt, from the second chapter in his book Megatrends in 1982.
Senses: glosses: Dealing with or interacting with a human being as opposed to transacting with computers or through high tech.
glosses: Human interaction.
glosses: Having a high awareness of human complexity, having empathy.
Synonyms: personal touch
Hispasian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Hispasians
Etymology: Blend of Hispanic + Asian.
Senses: glosses: A person who is half Asian and half Hispanic.
hobbledehoy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɒbəldihɔɪ/
Forms: form: hobbledehoys
Etymology: From Scots. Compare dialectal English hobbledygee (“(with a) limping movement”); also French hobereau (“country squire”), English hobby, and Old French hoi (“today”); the original sense may have been "an upstart of today".
Senses: examples: text: I met a proper vpright youth, onely for a little ſtooping in the ſhoulders: […] & hee tolde me there was a fat filthy ballet-maker, that ſhould haue once been his Iourneyman to the trade: who liu’d about the towne; and ten to one, but he had thus terribly abuſed me & my Taberer: […] I found him about the bankſide, ſitting at a play, I deſired to ſpeake with him, […] Name my accuſer ſaith he, or I defye thee Kemp at the quart ſtaffe. I told him, & all his anger turned to laughter: ſwearing it did him good to haue ill words of a hoddy doddy, a habber de hoy, a chicken, a ſquib, a ſquall: […]
ref: 1600, William Kempe, Kemps nine daies vvonder:
text: […]all the men, boys, and hobbledehoys attached to the farm[…]
ref: 1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “chapter 28”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:
text: A man rarely carries his shyness past the hobbledehoy period.
ref: 1886, Jerome K Jerome, “On being shy”, in Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow:
text: Two hobbledehoys were standing by the forge staring in a bovine way at the proceedings.
ref: 1895, H G Wells, “chapter 12”, in The Wonderful Visit:
text: And though it do take—how many years, Bob?—five years to turn a lirruping hobble-de-hoy chap into a solemn preaching man with no corrupt passions, they'll do it, if it can be done [...]
ref: 1894 December – 1895 November, Thomas Hardy, “PART 1, CHAPTER 3”, in Jude the Obscure, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1896, →OCLC:
text: He was a fair boy, with round pink cheeks, with his hair parted on one side, and a shade of down on his lip. He looked frankly what he was — a hobbledehoy — though he made great efforts to seem grown up.
ref: 1912, Romain Rolland, “Morning, 2”, in Jean-Christophe:
glosses: An awkward adolescent youth.
Derived terms: hobbledehoydom
hobbledehoyhood
hobbledehoyish
hobbledehoyism
household name
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: household names
Senses: glosses: A brand name that is well known to the great majority of households.
glosses: A genericized trademark.
examples: text: Instagram has revolutionized shopping, dealt a near-death blow to women’s magazines, taken celebrities from TV and movie screens to our fingertips and made Shih Tzus and personal trainers household names. (At least in some households.)
ref: 2020 January 17, Amy Chozick, “This Is the Guy Who’s Taking Away the Likes”, in New York Times:
text: [Jean] Twenge […] isn’t necessarily a household name like her sometimes collaborator Jonathan Haidt, a social psychologist and the author of the megahit “The Anxious Generation,” which has spent 75 weeks hovering near the top of the New York Times best-seller list.
ref: 2025 September 6, Catherine Pearson, “She Started the Debate About Kids and Phones. Now She Wants to End It.”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:
glosses: A very well-known public figure.
Synonyms: household word
Ihitha
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Hindi [Term?], from Sanskrit [Term?] Iha (world or earth) and 'Hitha' ("who does Good, favor").
Senses: glosses: A female given name from Hindi used in India, meaning a goddess who does good for all creatures in the world.
Imtenan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Arabic إِمْتِنَان (ʔimtinān, “gratitude”).
Senses: glosses: A unisex given name from Arabic.
inbye
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: inby
Etymology: From in + by; from 18th century.
Senses: glosses: Inside the house; inside an inner room of the house.
glosses: Near or nearest the house.
raw_tags: of farmland
topics: law
qualifier: Scottish land law
glosses: Belonging to the farm or croft; as opposed to common.
inbye
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: inby
Etymology: From in + by; from 18th century.
Senses: glosses: Towards or into the house; into an inner room of the house.
examples: text: An upcast fault is when the seam is thrown up; to counteract this a "canch" of top stone must be taken down outbye over from the fault, and a "canch" of bottom stone taken up inbye over from the fault, then level up to the bottom of your "canch" at the foreside of the hitch outbye over until you have a regular gradient to the seam on the hitch.
ref: 1879, William Bailes, Student's Guide to the Principles of Coal & Metal Mining, page 17:
topics: business
mining
glosses: Towards the coal face.
Related terms: outbye
outwith
pogey
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊɡi/
rhymes: -əʊɡi
Forms: form: pogeys
form: pogie
form: pogy
Etymology: 1891, meaning "poorhouse", possibly from British hobo slang. 1954 assistance.
Senses: glosses: A poorhouse, workhouse, welfare office, charity hostel, etc.
examples: text: There were no jobs for the unemployed, however. And thus many hundreds of thousands went “on the pogey,” although all available evidence indicates that they loathed doing so. To accept relief was an admission of defeat and failure, a humiliating stigma, whether the relief was indirect or direct.
ref: 1984, Michiel Horn, The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada (Canadian Historical Booklet no. 39), Canadian Historical Association, p 10
glosses: Government financial assistance, particularly employment insurance.
raw_tags: with the
Synonyms: word: dole
word: employment insurance
word: EI
word: unemployment insurance
word: UI
word: pancrack
word: pogey house
Related terms: pogey bait
infirmarian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪn.fəˈmɛə.ɹi.ən/
ipa: /ˌɪn.fɚˈmɛ.ɹi.ən/
rhymes: -ɛəɹiən
Forms: form: infirmarians
Senses: glosses: One who works in a nunnery or monastery, caring for the nuns or monks who become ill, as well as caring for other old or sick people living in the compound.
glosses: The superintendent of an infirmary within a college or other institution.
Related terms: infirm
infirmary
infovore
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: infovores
Etymology: From info- + -vore; introduced as a scientific term by neuroscientists Irving Biederman and Edward Vessel.
Senses: glosses: A person who indulges in and desires information gathering and interpretation.
Synonyms: informavore
informivore
Irish twins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Irish twin
jack of all trades, master of none
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jacks of all trades, masters of none
form: Jack of all trades, master of none
form: Jack-of-all-trades, master of none
form: jack-of-all-trades, master of none
form: jack-of-all-trades, master-of-none
form: Jack-of-all-trades, master-of-none
form: Jack of all trades—master of none
form: Jack-of-all-trades—master of none
form: jack of all trades—master of none
form: Jack of all trades – master of none
form: Jack-of-all trades – master of none
form: jack of all trades – master of none
form: Jack-of-all-trades-master-of-none
form: jack-of-all-trades-master-of-none
form: Jack of all trades; master of none
form: jack of all trades; master of none
form: jack-of-all-trades/master-of-none
form: Jack of all trades and master of none
form: jack of all trades and master of none
form: Jack of all trades but master of none
form: jack of all trades but master of none
Etymology: Expanded form of jack of all trades, which originally was sometimes used as a term of praise.
In the 21st century this phrase has itself been (rarely) expanded to a couplet:
: Jack of all trades, master of none,
: though oftentimes better than master of one.
Senses: coordinate_terms: Jill of all trades, mistress of none
glosses: A person who has a competent grasp of many skills but who is not outstanding in any one.
Jack Tar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Jack Tars
Senses: examples: text: What you read here are their stories—stories of whole-souled youths, with the sparkle of life in their eyes, with the love of adventure in their hearts. Jack Tar is an American clear through to his backbone!
ref: 1918, Elaine Sterne, Over the Seas for Uncle Sam:
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of jacktar.
Jolly
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: * Cognate to the French name Jolie. It derives from the Old French word joli (merriness).
* In Punjab (India) it is a corruption of the word jalli.
Senses: glosses: A female given name.
glosses: A surname.
glosses: A place name:
An unincorporated community in Pike County, Georgia, United States.
glosses: A place name:
An unincorporated community in Newton County, Missouri, United States.
glosses: A place name:
A minor city in Clay County, Texas, United States.
glosses: A place name:
Alternative spelling of Jouli, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Derived terms: Jolly balance
journalese
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌd͡ʒɜː.nəˈliːz/
enpr: jûrʹnəl
ipa: /ˌd͡ʒɝ.nəˈliz/
Forms: form: journaleses
Etymology: From journal + -ese.
Senses: examples: text: We write journalese out of habit, sometimes from misguided training, and to sound urgent, authoritative and, well, journalistic. But it doesn't do any of that.
ref: c. 2000, Joe Grimm, Detroit Free Press:
text: The veteran newspaper columnist, Keith Waterhouse, identifies two versions of this journalese. The first is officialese. It can be found everywhere […] The second version, which he calls tabloidese, is characterised by bolted-together monosyllables and sensationalism. Both types of journalese have this in common: people don't speak like that.
ref: 2004, Rick Thompson, Writing for Broadcast Journalists, Routledge, →ISBN, page 21:
synonyms: newspaperese
glosses: A style of writing used in some newspapers and magazines, characterized by cliché, hyperbolic language, use of some vocabulary items that are mostly confined to this genre, and clipped syntax.
Related terms: jargon
officialese
jurispendence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: 1776, Edward Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
topics: law
glosses: jurisprudence.
key set identifier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: key set identifiers
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A value that is used to identify a key set.
Synonyms: KSI
King Cotton
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˌkɪŋˈkɒtn̩/
Senses: glosses: A personification of the cotton production of the southern United States.
Klutz
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Klütz
form: Kluet
Senses: glosses: A surname.