cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
isoantigen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: isoantigens
Etymology: From iso- + antigen.
Senses: glosses: an immunologically active material (especially a protein or polysaccharide) that is present only in some individuals of a particular species; responsible for the formation of antibodies
Synonyms: alloantigen
Derived terms: isoantigenic
antibodies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: One of the first examples of the immunogenicity of recombinantly derived antibodies was with murine anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (OKT3) used in the induction of immunosupression after organ transplantation.
ref: 2002, Gilbert S. Banker, Christopher T. Rhodes, Modern Pharmaceutics, 4th edition, Informa Health Care, →ISBN, page 699:
glosses: plural of antibody
isobaric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more isobaric
form: most isobaric
Etymology: From isobar + -ic.
Senses: glosses: having the same pressures, masses, or densities
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
thermodynamics
glosses: (of a process) having a constant pressure throughout
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: isobaryonic
Derived terms: isobarically
isobaric heating
isobaricity
isobaric spin
nonisobaric
Related terms: isobar
isothermal
isochoric
adiabatic
densities
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of density
isoelectric point
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: isoelectric points
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: the pH of a colloidal suspension or of an ampholyte at which the solute does not move in an electrophoretic field; symbol pI
isoelectric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From iso- + electric.
Senses: glosses: Having equal electric potential, or the same number of positive and negative charges.
Derived terms: isoelectrically
isoelectric focusing
isoelectric line
isoelectric period
isoelectric point
emboss
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈbɒs/
ipa: /ɛm-/
ipa: /əmˈbɔs/
ipa: /ɛm-/
ipa: /əmˈbɑs/
ipa: /ɛm-/
rhymes: -ɒs
Forms: form: embosses
Etymology: PIE word
 *h₁én
The verb is derived from Late Middle English embossen, embosen, embocen (“to be bloated; to bulge; to cause to bulge; to ornament in relief, emboss”) [and other forms], from Old French embocer (modern French embosser), from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’)) + boce (“swelling”) (from Vulgar Latin *bottia (“a bump”), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *bautan (“to beat”), from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to beat; to bump, knock; to push”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to hit, strike”)) + -er (suffix forming verbs). The English word is analysable as em- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’) + boss (“bump, lump, protuberance”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: In this [the piazza of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City] is a fountaine out of which gushes a river rather than a streeme, which ascending a good height breakes upon a round embosse of marble into millions of pearles that fall into the subjacent basons with greate noise; I esteem this one of the goodliest fountaines I ever saw.
ref: 1644 November 27 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 17 November 1644]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, pages 107–108:
glosses: Synonym of boss (“a knob or projection”).
synonyms: word: boss
extra: a knob or projection
emboss
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈbɒs/
ipa: /ɛm-/
ipa: /əmˈbɔs/
ipa: /ɛm-/
ipa: /əmˈbɑs/
ipa: /ɛm-/
rhymes: -ɒs
Forms: form: embosses
form: embossing
form: embossed
form: embossed
Etymology: Possibly:
* from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’)) + boss (“(small) cask; leather bottle for holding wine”) (Scotland, obsolete); or
* borrowed from Spanish embozarse, from embozar (“to cloak, hide; to turn up; to wrap up”) + se (“oneself; yourself; himself; herself; etc.”). Embozar is derived from em- (a variant of en- (prefix meaning ‘in, into’)) + bozo (“mouth; muzzle; halter for horses”) (from Medieval Latin *buccēus (“belonging or relating to the mouth”), from Latin bucca (“mouth”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Germanic *pukô (“bag, pouch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bew-, *bʰew- (“to blow; to inflate, swell”)) + -ar (suffix forming first-conjugation verbs).
The word was possibly coined by the English poet Edmund Spenser (1552 or 1553 – 1599) in his work The Faerie Queene (1590–1596): see the quotations.
Senses: examples: text: A knight her mett in mighty armes emboſt, […]
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 24, page 39:
glosses: To enclose or suit (a person) in armour.
examples: text: The knight his thrillant ſpeare again aſſayd / In his bras-plated body to emboſſe, […]
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 19, page 160:
text: None of them raſhly durſt to her approch, / Ne in ſo glorious ſpoile themſelues emboſſe, / Her ſuccourd eke the Champion of the bloody Croſſe.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 64, page 409:
text: And there all night himſelfe in anguiſh toſt, / Vovving, that neuer he in bed againe / His limbes vvould reſt, ne lig in eaſe emboſt, / Till that his Ladies ſight he more attaine, / Or vnderſtand, that ſhe in ſafetie did remaine.
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 40, page 410:
text: A Merchants gaine is great that goes to Sea, / A Souldier emboſſed all in gold: / A Flatterer lies fox'd in braue array, / A Scholler only ragged to behold.
ref: 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Loue of Learning, or Overmuch Study. With a Digression of the Misery of Schollers, and why the Muses are Melancholy.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 3, subsection 15, page 155:
glosses: To enclose or surround (someone or something).
isopycnic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From from Ancient Greek ἴσος (ísos, “equal”) + Ancient Greek πυκνός (puknós, “thick”).
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Of points on a surface, or in a medium: having equal densities.
isopycnic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: isopycnics
Etymology: From from Ancient Greek ἴσος (ísos, “equal”) + Ancient Greek πυκνός (puknós, “thick”).
Senses: glosses: A line on a chart connecting points of equal density.
isostasy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌɪˈsɒstəsi/
Forms: form: isostasies
Etymology: From iso- + Ancient Greek στάσις (stásis, “a standing”).
Senses: examples: text: The process of vertical movement, known as isostasy, was a foundation of geological belief for generations, though no-one had any really good theories as to how or why it happened.
ref: 2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, page 155:
text: A great thickness of comparatively light sedimentary rocks accumulating in a geosyncline would ultimately ‘rebound’ because of isostasy – like a depressed rubber duck bouncing back upwards in a bath.
ref: 2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society, published 2011, page 173:
text: When a continent carries an ice sheet, the weight of that sheet distorts the equilibrium, the isostasy that causes the crust to float as it does.
ref: 2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 247:
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: The state of balance or pressure equilibrium thought to exist within the Earth's crust, whereby the upper lithosphere floats on denser magma beneath.
Derived terms: glacioisostasy
isostasist
Related terms: isostatic
isostatics
isothermic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From iso- + -thermic.
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: (Of a thermodynamic process) during which the temperature remains constant.
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: Of equal or constant temperature with respect to space, volume, or pressure.
Derived terms: nonisothermic
y'know
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: /jəˈnəʊ/
ipa: /jəˈnoʊ/
rhymes: -əʊ
Senses: examples: text: Y'know, come to think of it, you're right.
text: That's not helpin' anything, y'know.
text: But I guess that's life, y'know?
text: Even though in a way you let him freeze to death in the water, because the way I see it...
I agree. Y'know, I think he actually could have fitted on that bit of door.
There was plenty of room on the raft.
I know. I know, I know.
ref: 2016 February 2, Kate Winslet et al., Jimmy Kimmel Live!:
glosses: Alternative form of you know.
Apollonian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /æpəˈləʊnɪ.ən/
rhymes: -əʊniən
Forms: form: more Apollonian
form: most Apollonian
Etymology: From Latin Apollō (Apollōn-) + -ian and Apollonius/Apollonia + -an.
Senses: examples: text: You have your lovers - dusky beaus / Not made of the poetic stuff / That sports an Apollonian nose, / And wears a sleek Byronic cuff.
ref: 1877, Henry Kendall, “Ode to a Black Gin”, in The Australian Town and Country Journal, page 24:
text: The forces of nature is a major theme embodied in the two main goddess characters. The "northern woman" is Appollonian ^([sic]) in her nature — cold, reserved, quiet, identified with the moon; the "southern woman" is Dionysian — passionate, a sun goddess.
ref: 1979 August 4, Linda Stein, “Stopping Short of Self-Awareness”, in Gay Community News, page 18:
text: Marty and I often discussed the choice we all have in controlling our cognition. We referred to harnessing this power as "the Apollonian state", after Apollo, the Greek god of the sun and light and truth. In the Apollonian state you could use reason to move away from despairing beliefs―it's never going to change, it's all my fault, there must be something wrong with me―and towards more empowered thinking.
ref: 2021, Lisa Miller, The Awakened Brain, Ch.2, at p.37
topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
synonyms: Apollonistic
glosses: Of or relating to the ancient Olympian Greek God Apollo.
glosses: Of or relating to the Ancient Greek mathematician Apollonius of Perga.
examples: text: They speak Aowin [Anyi] but their blood is Apollonian blood.
ref: 2011, Power and State Formation in West Africa: Appolonia from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century, →ISBN:
glosses: Pertaining to Apollonia.
glosses: Alternative form of apollonian.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The physical property of material that can resume its shape after being stretched or deformed; elasticity.
Apollonian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /æpəˈləʊnɪ.ən/
rhymes: -əʊniən
Forms: form: Apollonians
Etymology: From Latin Apollō (Apollōn-) + -ian and Apollonius/Apollonia + -an.
Senses: glosses: One who is apollonian.
examples: text: By contrast, Apollonians value reason more than feeling.
ref: 2008, Herbert Spiegel, David Spiegel, Trance and Treatment: Clinical Uses of Hypnosis, →ISBN, page 120:
text: Apollonians and Dionysians are usually the same people: now sober and serene, now drunk and frenzied.
ref: 2011, Yuri Slezkine, The Jewish Century, →ISBN, page 24:
text: Those of us who were Apollonians had thus a chance to organize a programme. The Dionysians knew what was going to happen to them, but, of course, did not know yet how to cope with it.
ref: 2013, Raphael Massarelli, Lloyd A. Horrocks, Julian N. Kanfer, Phospholipids and Signal Transmission, →ISBN:
text: Apollonians are creative artists, but while all Apollonians love the arts, there are both creative and business types of Apollonians.
ref: 2016, Ellen Goldberg, Dorian Bergen, The Art and Science of Hand Reading, →ISBN:
glosses: One who follows/worships Apollo.
examples: text: But the Apollonians being soon informed of the thing, caused him to appear without delay before the court of justice; and sentenced him to lose his eyes, for sleeping when he ought to have watched.
ref: 1824, Isaac Littlebury, transl., The History of Herodotus:
text: Another clause in the rules of conduct drawn up for defeated Appolonia virtually transferred jurisdiction to Maclean: by it, he invited 'every Appolonian who may be oppressed or injured wither [i.e. whether] by Quacoe Accah [Kwaku Akkah, the King] or any other chief ... to make his complaint to the governor of Cape Coast
ref: 1978, Paul Mmegha Mbaeyi, British Military and Naval Forces in West African History, 1807-1874:
text: McIlvaine and colleagues (2014) examined a cemetery at the Greek colony of Apollonia, Albania to assess to what degree interbreeding may have occurred between indigenous Illyrians and colonial Apollonians.
ref: 2015, Joel D. Irish, G. Richard Scott, A Companion to Dental Anthropology, →ISBN, page 261:
glosses: A native of Apollonia.
examples: ref: 2008, C. G. Stevenson, The Apollonian Appearance: The Being from the Planet Apollo, →ISBN:
text: At first, when the Apollonians converged on her, Mary Theresa thought she had made a major mistake by going to the battle.
ref: 2013, Jim Henry, Universal Life Force Series Featuring Antiquity Calais Vol. 1-3, →ISBN:
text: The last person who tried this kind of appeal was actually the new vessel -- an Apollonian, one I knew briefly.
ref: 2013, James Bartholomeusz, The Grey Star, →ISBN, page 17:
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: A native of the planet Apollo.
Derived terms: Apollonian circle
Apollonian gasket
Apollonian net
Related terms: Dionysian
Bali tiger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Bali tigers
Senses: glosses: A species of tiger, Panthera tigris sondaica, that became extinct in the 1930s.
Synonyms: Balinese tiger
donkey boiler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: donkey boilers
Senses: glosses: A water-heating system for domestic use, consisting of a drum of water mounted above a fire.
Dionysian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /daɪ̯əˈnɪʒən/
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to Dionysus.
glosses: Alternative form of dionysian.
Related terms: Apollonian
Dionysian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /daɪ̯əˈnɪʒən/
Forms: form: Dionysians
Senses: glosses: A follower of Dionysus.
glosses: One who is dionysian.
what'd
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: /wʌd/
ipa: /wʌtɪd/
ipa: /wʌtəd/
rhymes: -ʌd
rhymes: -ʌtəd
Senses: examples: text: What'd he say to you?
glosses: Contraction of what did.
examples: text: I don't want to get good. What'd my wife say?
ref: 1902, George Horton, The Long Straight Road, page 348:
text: What'd you have said a few months ago, Ranger?
ref: 1916, David Graham Phillips, The second generation, page 229:
text: What'd he have done?
ref: 1958, People Will Talk, page 39:
text: What'd the neighbors say if they knew I was actually a Jew?
ref: 2004, Hand in Hand with Tommy, page 171:
glosses: Contraction of what would.
examples: text: What'd he done to deserve two blows like that?
ref: 1922, Medical Review of Reviews, Volume 28, page 272:
text: What'd she done with her shoes?
ref: 1975, Giant Talk, page 239:
text: She was very nice, she smiled, and she said well lots of people were on probation, what'd I done?
ref: 2002, Life after Life, page 19:
glosses: Contraction of what had.
Related terms: d'ya
d'y'all
d'you
llano
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈl(j)ɑːnəʊ/
ipa: /ˈjɑːnəʊ/
ipa: /ˈlænəʊ/
rhymes: -ɑːnəʊ
rhymes: -ænəʊ
Forms: form: llanos
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish llano. Doublet of piano, plain, and plane.
Senses: examples: text: “For this,” said El Espinero, with an economical slide of his hand indicating all the visible circumference of the cruel llano.
ref: 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 442:
glosses: A plain or steppe in parts of Latin America.
must've
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: /ˈmʌstəv/
Senses: glosses: Contraction of must have.
why'd
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Senses: examples: Why'd he wanna go and do a thing like that?
glosses: Contraction of why did.
glosses: Contraction of why had.
glosses: Contraction of why would.
Related terms: d'ya
d'y'all
d'you
what're
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: [ˈwʌɾɚ]
Senses: examples: text: What're you up to?
glosses: Contraction of what are.
there'll
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðɛəɹl/
ipa: /ðɛəl/
ipa: /ðɛl/
ipa: /ðɛɹl/
ipa: /ðeɹl/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)l
rhymes: -ɛ(ɹ)l
rhymes: -eɹl
homophone: they'll
Senses: examples: text: There'll be hell to pay if you don't.
text: “I don't know how you and the ‘head,’ as you call him, will get on, but I do know that if you call my duds a ‘livery’ again there'll be trouble. […]”
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
text: “Most of this is bound to come out. There'll be a public scandal”
ref: 1945, J. B. Priestley, chapter 3, in An Inspector Calls:
glosses: Contraction of there will.
PAN
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Abbreviation of Proto-Austronesian.
PAN
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: PANs
Senses: glosses: Acronym of primary account number.
glosses: Acronym of personal area network.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Initialism of polyacrylonitrile.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Initialism of peroxyacetyl nitrate.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
synonyms: benzeneacetonitrile
benzylcyanide
hypernyms: C8H7N
glosses: Initialism of phenylacetonitrile.
mid-air
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: midair
Etymology: From mid- + air.
Senses: examples: text: The dog ran, jumped, and caught the ball in mid-air.
text: The 44-metre landslip north of Hook left track hanging in mid-air as the clay embankment collapsed beneath it.
ref: 2023 January 25, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Landslip wrecks London commuter services for 'weeks'”, in RAIL, number 975, page 8:
glosses: The middle of the air, as while in flight.
save face
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: saves face
form: saving face
form: saved face
form: saved face
Etymology: See lose face.
Senses: examples: text: He tried to make reparations to those he had injured, partly to save face.
glosses: To take an action or make a gesture intended to preserve one's reputation or honour.
Related terms: give face
lose face
cut off one's nose to spite one's face
give face
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gives face
form: giving face
form: gave face
form: given face
Etymology: First used in the late 19th century (most likely in the colonial Hong Kong), a calque of dialectal Cantonese 畀面 (bei2 min2).
Senses: examples: text: We gave face to one another.
ref: 2000, Ko-lin Chin, Chinatown Gangs: Extortion, Enterprise, and Ethnicity, page 200:
text: While she gave face to the director, his subordinates, and her colleagues, she had no face left to herself.
ref: 2001, Wenshan Jia, The remaking of the Chinese character and identity in the 21st Century, page 135:
text: As one example among many of good intent gone wrong, we can mention the western top manager who felt that he gave face to the Chinese side by suddenly showing up himself to negotiate instead of sending a lower ranked employee.
ref: 2003, Martin Krott, Kent Williamsson, China business ABC: the China market survival kit, page 51:
glosses: To honor; to pay respect.
Related terms: save face
give face
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gives face
form: giving face
form: gave face
form: given face
Etymology: Compare give head.
Senses: examples: text: Boys gave face, girls gave head.
ref: 2011, J. Darroll Hall, The Lollipop Book, page 107:
text: Frank had pushed her pants down to reveal her pink pussy and was giving her face. She was in ecstasy.
ref: 2001, Letters to Penthouse XIV, page 107:
text: I'd hold her ass while I was giving her face, licking and sucking while she tried to escape, anticipating her orgasm when all of the sudden she would burst sweet honey and come all over my face while the earth shook.
ref: 2004, Henry Joseph Rychlicki, Fragments of My Life: A Sex Fiction, page 121:
glosses: To perform oral sex (on a female).
give face
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gives face
form: giving face
form: gave face
form: given face
Senses: examples: text: He has been shot twice before, once when he was sixteen, that was some serious shit, sort of giving face to some dude, and the mother pulled out a.38 and boom, just like it was but a little more downtalk.
ref: 1997, Scott Turow, The Laws of Our Fathers:
glosses: To confront.
raw_tags: with to
rea
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reas
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of rei.
ableism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪ.bə.lɪ.zəm/
ipa: [-zm̩]
rhymes: -eɪbəlɪzəm
Forms: form: ableisms
form: ablism
Etymology: From able + -ism, modelled on racism, sexism, etc.
Senses: examples: text: Ableism is your ability to find reasons to push us aside to keeps us in cages, leave our struggles out of the history pages … pretend we never existed. Ableism is when you say I'm the only disabled friend you've ever had. Ableism is when you say that and still don't understand why we feel invisible. Ableism is when you think I don't have a disability because you can't see it.
ref: 2019, Michelle R. Nario-Redmond, Ableism: The Causes and Consequences of Disability Prejudice, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:
glosses: Discrimination against people with disabilities in favor of those without.
examples: text: Developing guidelines around which ableisms and favoritisms of abilities are ethical , e.g. which form and shape of competitiveness might be ethical and which might not, can be a useful tool for the governance of S&T.
ref: 2010, Susan E. Cozzens, Jameson Wetmore, Nanotechnology and the Challenges of Equity, Equality and Development, page 101:
text: And, as a media and communication PhD, I know this is because the English language itself is a media so biased, with ableisms so deeply built in, that roads (which seem to lead away from ableisms) in fact, lead directly back into them.
ref: 2023, Dr. Bernadette "bird" Bowen, I have been the bad guy, page 242:
text: Ultimately, NTWH mobilieze Stanislavsky not despite the ableisms that Sandahl identifies but on the basis that a critical rehabilitation of those ableisms might create the very conditions of authenticity in which people with disabilities could enter both the theatrical workforce and the braoader affective labor market.
ref: 2024, Patrick McKelvey, Disability Works: Performance After Rehabilitation, page 198:
glosses: An instance of ableism.
Synonyms: word: disablism
word: able-bodyism
word: able-bodiedism
word: ablecentrism
word: ableism
word: anapirism
word: anapirophobia
word: handicapism
Hypernyms: word: prejudice
Hyponyms: word: audism
word: mentalism
Derived terms: ableist
scrip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skɹɪp/
rhymes: -ɪp
Forms: form: scrips
Etymology: From Middle English scrippe, an aphetism of Old French escrepe (“purse, alms-bag”), a variant of escharpe, from Old Norse skreppa. Cognate with Danish skreppe (“scrip”), Norwegian skreppa (“bag”). Doublet of scarf.
Senses: examples: text: Depositing his scrip in the outhouse the cowherd glanced around.
ref: 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 9
text: A night promising fair, scented, the moon in her third quarter, nightingales in the wood, WS, in worn cloak against the morning’s chill, empty scrip and purse, taking the road. —
ref: 1964, Anthony Burgess, Nothing Like the Sun:
glosses: A small medieval bag used to carry food, money, utensils etc.
examples: text: In reading it in 1899, I am afraid that the readers of a hard, money generation may not know that "scrip" was in the sixties the name for small change.
ref: 1899, Edward Everett Hale, The Brick Moon and Other Stories, (Short Story Index Reprint Series), Project Gutenberg, [1999], Etext #1633
glosses: Small change.
scrip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skɹɪp/
rhymes: -ɪp
Forms: form: scrips
Etymology: Abbreviation of subscription receipt.
Senses: glosses: A share certificate.
scrip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skɹɪp/
rhymes: -ɪp
Forms: form: scrips
Etymology: Abbreviation of prescription.
Senses: synonyms: script
glosses: A medical prescription.
scumble
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskʌmbəl/
rhymes: -ʌmbəl
Forms: form: scumbles
form: scrumble
Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps from scum with frequentative -le.
Senses: glosses: An opaque kind of glaze (layer of paint).
scumble
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskʌmbəl/
rhymes: -ʌmbəl
Forms: form: scumbles
form: scumbling
form: scumbled
form: scumbled
form: scrumble
Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps from scum with frequentative -le.
Senses: examples: text: manure [...] dead leaves [...] and the odd unstomachable meal thrown or vomited there by this or that sensitive epicurean—all got scumbled together, eventually, by the knives of the seasons, to an impasto, feet thick, of unbelievable topsoil in which anything could grow
ref: 1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity’s Rainbow:
text: I want you to scumble the bottom third with sap green.
ref: 1987, Bernard MacLaverty, short story. "The Drapery Man" (published in The Great Profumo and Other Stories, Jonathan Cape, 1987) - p.35
text: The moon was brilliant, the path a track of scumbled footprints in the snow, the air cutting and cold.
ref: 2000, Philip Pullman, The Amber Spyglass:
text: "Also —" indicating with the flat of his thumb the too-bright shine coming off the canvas: overly varnished.
"I agree. And here —" tracing midair the ugly arc where an over-eager cleaning had scrubbed the paint down to the scumbling.
ref: 2013, Donna Tartt, The Goldfinch:
glosses: To apply an opaque glaze to an area of a painting to make it softer or duller.
examples: text: scumbled pine
coordinate_terms: veneer
glosses: To apply a painted pattern to the finish of a piece of furniture to simulate the woodgrain of another timber, as for example to give pine an appearance of oak.
endangered species
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: endangered species
Senses: examples: text: The federal government has added five more birds to the endangered species list.
text: This project involves construction of a railway crossing for wild hazel dormice on the Furness line (Lancashire), in a bid to save the endangered species from extinction, and it will be the first of its kind on the railway.
ref: 2022 February 23, Daisy Chapman-Chamberlain, “Ground-breaking rail innovation goes international”, in RAIL, number 951, page 35:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: A species which is in danger of becoming extinct throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
examples: text: Since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, the division of labor has brought forth specialization in the workforce and university curriculums. The endangered species of polymaths is facing extinction.
ref: 2014, “About the Book”, in Newton Lee, editor, Digital Da Vinci: Computers in Music, Springer, page vii:
glosses: A class or kind whose continued existence is threatened.
scutch
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /skʌt͡ʃ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃ
Forms: form: scutches
form: scutching
form: scutched
form: scutched
Etymology: From Middle English *scucchen, from Anglo-Norman escucher, from Vulgar Latin *excuticāre.
Senses: glosses: To beat or whip; to drub.
examples: text: 2005, John Martin, Warren Leonard, David Stamp, and Richard Waldren, Principles of Field Crop Production (4th Edition), section 32.10 “Processing Fiber Flax”, the title of subsection 32.10.3 “Scutching”.
text: His prey was more often the over-scutched huswives, the threepenny whores with well-whipped backs, both from the beadle and their own hot-blooded clients.
ref: 1976, Robert Nye, Falstaff:
glosses: To separate the woody fibre from (flax, hemp, etc.) by beating; to swingle.
Derived terms: scutching sword
scutch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skʌt͡ʃ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃ
Forms: form: scutches
Etymology: From Middle English *scucchen, from Anglo-Norman escucher, from Vulgar Latin *excuticāre.
Senses: synonyms: scutcher
swingle
glosses: A wooden implement shaped like a large knife used to separate the valuable fibres of flax or hemp by beating them and scraping from it the woody or coarse portions.
examples: text: the labourers went peacefully about their usual employments, some driving teams of ponderous horses at the plough, others burning scutch and brambles, the rubbish of field and forest.
ref: 1897, Vincent J. Leatherdale, A Lady of Wales:
glosses: The woody fibre of flax or hemp; the refuse of scutched flax or hemp.
synonyms: scotch
glosses: A bricklayer's small picklike tool with two cutting edges (or prongs) for dressing stone or cutting and trimming bricks.
Derived terms: scutch grass
scutch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skʌt͡ʃ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃ
Forms: form: scutches
Etymology: From Irish.
Senses: glosses: A tuft or clump of grass.
scye
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /saɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
homophone: sigh
homophone: psi
homophone: xi
homophone: sai
homophone: Si
homophone: Si
homophone: Sy
homophone: Cy
Forms: form: scyes
Etymology: Borrowed from Scots sey (“armhole, cut of beef”), from Middle Scots say, possibly from Old Norse segi, sigi (“chunk, bite”), from Proto-Germanic *segô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).
Senses: examples: text: on the seat lay folded a pair of blue cotton pants creased at the groin, their short fly zippered open, and over them a white underbrief, the sinus of its pouch humped between elliptical scyes.
ref: 1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!:
glosses: An armhole (or, occasionally, a leghole) in tailoring and dressmaking.
sejunct
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪˈd͡ʒʌŋkt/
Forms: form: more sejunct
form: most sejunct
Etymology: From Latin sēiūnctus, past participle of sēiungō (“separate”); from sē (“without”) + iungō (“to join”).
Senses: examples: text: ‘Nay, not so far – [...] not so far, he saith, do I pronounce the gods to be sejunct and alienate from us, as to think that not even our prayers can reach them.’
ref: 1909, TR Glover, Conflict of Religions in the Early Roman Empire:
text: Now that mechanical science has realised his ancient dreams of flight and sejunct communication, he is the advance guard of the psychologist on the watch for new emotions, new vibrations sensible to faculties as yet ill understood.
ref: 1912, Ezra Pound, Selected Prose 1909-1965, The Wisdom of Poetry:
text: images, divine and human, the cogitation of which by sejunct females is to tumescence conducive or eases issue in the high sunbright wellbuilt fair home of mothers when, ostensibly far gone and reproductitive, it is come by her thereto to lie in, her term up.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Separate; separated.
Related terms: sejoin
sejunction
sans serif
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsæn(z)ˈsɛɹɪf/
ipa: /ˌsɑ̃ ˈsɛɹɪf/
ipa: /ˌsæn(z)ˈsɛɹɪf/
Forms: form: sans serifs
form: sanserif
form: sans-serif
Etymology: From sans + serif.
Senses: topics: media
publishing
typography
antonyms: serif
glosses: A typeface in which the characters do not have serifs.
sans serif
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsæn(z)ˈsɛɹɪf/
ipa: /ˌsɑ̃ ˈsɛɹɪf/
ipa: /ˌsæn(z)ˈsɛɹɪf/
Forms: form: sanserif
form: sans-serif
Etymology: From sans + serif.
Senses: examples: text: If you have some sans-serif fonts on your computer, you can play this game, too.
ref: 2008, Clay Shirky, Gin, Television, and Cognitive Surplus:
topics: media
publishing
typography
synonyms: serifless
nonserif
glosses: Of a typeface, without serifs.
Related terms: Gill Sans
slab serif
endanger
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛnˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚ/
ipa: /ɪnˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚ/
ipa: /ɛnˈdeɪndʒə/
Forms: form: endangers
form: endangering
form: endangered
form: endangered
form: endaunger
form: indanger
Etymology: From en- + danger. Displaced native Old English frēcnian.
Senses: examples: text: I hold him but a fool that will endanger / His body [in a duel] for a girl that loves him not
ref: c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
text: All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised without endangering him.
ref: 1757, Edmund Burke, The Abridgement of the History of England:
text: 1877, Louisa May Alcott, Under the Lilacs
If you endanger other people's life and liberty in your pursuit of happiness, I shall have to confiscate your arms, boys.
text: As he passed though the station, he slowed to yell to the signalman, Frank 'Sailor' Bridges: "Sailor - have you anything between here and Fordham? Where's the mail?" Gimbert knew the mail train was due, and he didn't want to endanger another train with his burning bomb wagon.
ref: 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 42:
glosses: To put (someone or something) in danger; to risk causing harm to.
examples: text: He that turneth the humours back […] endangereth malign ulcers.
ref: 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Seditions and Troubles”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
glosses: To incur the hazard of; to risk; to run the risk of.
Synonyms: word: endanger
word: fraise
word: imperil
word: jeopardise
word: threaten
Derived terms: endangerable
endangerer
endangerment
Related terms: word: danger
word: dangerous
sele
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /siːl/
homophone: seal
rhymes: -iːl
Forms: form: seles
Etymology: From Middle English sele (“happiness, good fortune, bliss; an occasion, period of time”), from Old English sǣl (“time, occasion, an opportune time, opportunity, happiness, prosperity, good times”), from Proto-West Germanic *sālī, from Proto-Germanic *sēliz. Related to silly.
Senses: glosses: Happiness, fortune.
glosses: The right time or occasion for something, an opportune moment, season
examples: text: I found my friend honest Pritchard smoking his morning pipe at the front door, and after giving him the sele of the day, […]
ref: 1862, George Borrow, chapter XXXV, in Wild Wales Its People‚ Language and Scenery (Fiction), Read Central, archived from the original on 31 Oct 2013:
text: When the morning was come […] so she arose and thrust her grief back into her heart, and gave her fellow-farer the sele of the day, […]
ref: 1897, William Morris, chapter XIV, in The Water of the Wondrous Isles (Fantasy), published 2005, page 245:
glosses: Greeting, salutation.
Derived terms: english: hay season
translation: hay season
word: haysel
Related terms: silly
bure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bures
Senses: glosses: A traditional Fijian cottage with a steep thatched roof and wide windows.
semy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈsɛmi/
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of semé.
bountiful
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbaʊntɪfəl/
ipa: /ˈbaʊntəfəl/
ipa: [ˈbaʊ̯n(ɾ)əfəɫ]
ipa: /ˈbaʊntɪfʌl/
Forms: form: more bountiful
form: most bountiful
form: bountifull
Etymology: From bounty + -ful.
Senses: examples: text: They enjoyed a wet summer and a bountiful harvest.
text: The vile person shall be no more called liberal, nor the churl said to be bountiful.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 32:5:
text: Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia.
ref: 2013 June 29, “Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 29:
glosses: Having a quantity or amount that is generous or plentiful; ample.
Derived terms: bountifully
bountifulness
unbountiful
septentrional
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /sɛpˈtɛntɹɪənəl/
Forms: form: more septentrional
form: most septentrional
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin septentriōnālis, from septentriōnēs (“seven plow oxen”), a name for the constellations now known as Ursa Major and Ursa Minor, which appear in the northern sky.
Senses: examples: text: Cow's milk could be obtained in very small quantities, but it was of evil flavour; butter, in the septentrional sense of the word, did not exist.
ref: 1901, George Gissing, chapter 9, in By the Ionian Sea:
text: Well, no, we are all septentrional here, all a bit cool. What is mother? Genova and the Alto Adige. Coolest of them all.
ref: 1980, Anthony Burgess, Earthly Powers:
glosses: Pertaining to the north; northern.
Synonyms: boreal
northern
Related terms: occidental
oriental
sequela
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪˈkwiːlə/
ipa: /-ˈkwɛ-/
ipa: /sɪˈkwɛlə/
ipa: /-ˈkwi-/
rhymes: -iːlə
rhymes: -ɛlə
ipa: /sɪˈkwiːliː/
ipa: /sɪˈkwɛliː/
Forms: form: sequelae
form: sequelæ
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin sequēla (“aftermath, sequel; consequence, result”), from sequor (“to follow; to come or go after, pursue”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”)) + -ēla (suffix forming abstract nouns from verbs). Doublet of sequel.
The plural form is a learned borrowing from Latin sequēlae.
Senses: examples: text: Complications: haematoma formation is a dangerous sequela of this operation, and careful drainage with polythene tubing was carried out.
ref: 1970, J[ames] G[raham] Ballard, “Princess Margaret’s Face Lift”, in The Atrocity Exhibition, revised edition, London: Flamingo, HarperCollinsPublishers, published 2001, →ISBN, page 178:
text: ‘Ay, ay,’ said Stephen testily, ‘it is showy enough to look at, no doubt, but these are only the superficial sequelae. There is no essential lesion.’
ref: 1973, Patrick O’Brian, chapter 4, in H.M.S. Surprise, London: HarperCollinsPublishers for The Book People, →ISBN, page 69:
text: Although both acute PID and STIs may remain asymptomatic, some of their shared long-term sequelae are tubal factor infertility (TFI), salpingitis, and adhesions and scarring of the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and surrounding peritoneal tissue. These sequelae have been further identified as factors potentially associated with EOC risk.
ref: 2023 December 11, Elizaveta Skarga, Heljä-Marja Surcel, Rudolf Kaaks, Tim Waterboer, Renée T Fortner, “Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Results From the Finnish Maternity Cohort”, in The Journal of Infectious Diseases, volume 228, number 11, →DOI, pages 1621–1629:
topics: medicine
sciences
coordinate_terms: complication
;
comorbidity
glosses: Chiefly in the plural: a condition or disease which follows chronologically after an earlier one, being either partly or wholly caused by it, or made possible by it.
examples: text: Initially he dosed himself [with opium] to quell neuralgia associated with 'gout' and nervous shooting pains in the limb and head, unable to bear the agonies these complaints produced on what Humphry Davy would call his 'excessive sensibility'. Self-dosing brought emotional and physical sequelae of its own.
ref: 2003, Roy Porter, “Dependent Bodies”, in Flesh in the Age of Reason, London: Allen Lane, Penguin Group, →ISBN, part IV (The Science of Man for a New Society), page 407:
glosses: That which follows; a consequence, an effect.
glosses: People who adhere to the opinions or teachings of another; followers.
Related terms: sequel
sequence
comorbidity
complication
serape
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɛˈɹɑːpeɪ/
Forms: form: serapes
form: sarape
form: zarape
Etymology: From Mexican Spanish serape.
Senses: examples: text: R. C. Gorman's painting depicts a tall woman wrapped in a serape in Joanie's beloved Southwest, standing in a canyon at night.
ref: 1990 April 21, Elizabeth R. Brown, “It Was A Woman Who Killed Her”, in Gay Community News, page 5:
text: Could be, said John Grady. He took off his hat and lay back and pulled the serape over him.
ref: 1992, Cormac McCarthy, All the Pretty Horses, published 2007, unnumbered page:
text: The serape was an item of Mexican dress that was worn by almost all classes. Made of wool dyed in bright colors and woven either in geometric patterns or plain with borders, a serape was a blanket used as a wrap, and due to the fabric's texture and tight weave, it was almost waterproof.[…]A serape was also used as a pillow, mattress, or cover, as well as a saddle blanket. Another body covering, the poncho, was similar to the serape but more rounded and not necessarily woven of wool.
ref: 2004, Brenda Brandt, “Fashion”, in Mark Busby, editor, The Southwest, page 160:
text: “Diego, my son, fill your serape with the red roses growing at your feet and take them to the bishop,” she told him.
ref: 2004, Charles Raymond Dillon, End of the Beginning, page 95:
glosses: A type of blanket worn as a cloak, especially by Spanish-Americans, or used as a saddle blanket.
Derived terms: serape effect
Related terms: poncho
Alnitak
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Arabic النِطَاق (an-niṭāq, “the girdle”).
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A triple star in the constellation of Orion; Zeta (ζ) Orionis, one of the three stars that form Orion's Belt.
Related terms: Alnilam
Mintaka
Alderamin
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Arabic الذِّرَاع الْيَمِين (aḏ-ḏirāʕ al-yamīn, “the right arm”), from ذِرَاع (ḏirāʕ, “arm”) + يَمِين (yamīn, “right”).
Senses: glosses: A star in the constellation of Cepheus.
Synonyms: Alpha Cephei
Algenib
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Arabic الجَانِب (al-jānib) "the side".
Senses: examples: text: [γ, 3, white, erroneously placed by Tycho in Pisces marks the extreme tip of the Horse's wing, so that its name Algenib has been considered as derived from Al Janāh, the Wing, but it probably is from Al Janb, the Side. It has sometimes been written Algemo.]
ref: 1899, Richard Hinckley Allen, Star-Names and Their Meanings, New York: G. E. Stechert, page 326:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A β Cephei variable subgiant, visible as a third-magnitude blue-white star in the northern constellation of Pegasus, one of four stars in the asterism of the Great Square of Pegasus.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: Synonym of Mirfak (the star α Persei).
synonyms: word: Mirfak
extra: the star α Persei
Synonyms: sense: star in Pegasus
english: gamma; primary designation
translation: gamma; primary designation
word: γ Pegasi
sense: star in Pegasus
english: abbreviated form
translation: abbreviated form
word: γ Peg
sense: star in Pegasus
english: Latinized form
translation: Latinized form
word: Gamma Pegasi
apollonian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /æpəˈləʊnɪ.ən/
rhymes: -əʊniən
Etymology: Coined by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche. From German apollinisch (“Apollonian”).
Senses: glosses: Clear, harmonious, and restrained.
dionysian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more dionysian
form: most dionysian
Etymology: From German dionysisch (“Dionysian”). Coined by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche.
Senses: examples: text: He said he loved making movies like Luca Guadagnino’s “A Bigger Splash,” in which his charismatic, obstreperous character, Harry Hawkes, a music producer described by the Italian director as “a pagan fawn,” does a Dionysian dance to the Rolling Stones song “Emotional Rescue.”
ref: 2022 October 22, Maureen Dowd, “Ralph Fiennes, Master of Monsters”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Wild, irrational, undisciplined, orgiastic.
Synonyms: dionysiac
Algol
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Arabic الْغُول (al-ḡūl, “the ghoul”).
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: An eclipsing binary star in the constellation of Perseus; Beta (β) Persei. It represents the eye of Medusa, whose head is being held by Perseus.
Derived terms: Algol variable
Algol
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: He was the defiant homesteader, the crusty senior member of a research team who understood Algol and Fortran but couldn't read the secrets of his own heart.
ref: 1972, Thomas M. Disch, 334
text: Algol, on the other hand, introduced the notion of block structure, in which the programmer could group lists of statements, effectively creating one instruction out of a list of instructions.
ref: 2004, Edward G. Nilges, Build Your Own .NET Language and Compiler, Apress, →ISBN, page 2:
topics: computer-languages
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of ALGOL.
ALGOL
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈælɡɒl/
/-ɡɔːl/
Forms: form: Algol
Etymology: Devised as an acronym of algorithmic language.
Senses: examples: text: Later, ALGOL was used as the basis of JOVIAL, MAD, NELIAC, and ALGO. In 1960, a division occurred based on unresolved disagreements and ALGOL 60 was born.
ref: 2007, April J. Wells, Grid Application Systems Design, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 17:
topics: computer-languages
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: IAL
glosses: An influential early high-level programming language designed for solving mathematical and scientific problems.
glosses: A family of programming languages derived from ALGOL 58.
Derived terms: Squiggol
Related terms: FORTRAN