'em
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: enpr: əm
ipa: /əm/
ipa: [əm]
ipa: [m̩]
ipa: [ɪm]
ipa: [ɛm]
Forms: form: em
form: hem
Etymology: From earlier hem, from Middle English hem, from Old English heom (“them”, dative) of hie, originally a dative plural form but in Middle English coming to serve as an accusative plural as well. Cognate with Dutch hun (“them”), German ihnen (“them”).
Now often treated as a colloquial apheretic form of them, which however derives from Old Norse rather than Old English.
Senses: examples: text: Some are become great, ſome atcheeues greatneſſe, and ſome haue greatneſſe thruſt vppon em.
ref: c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene v], page 264, column 1:
text: Toute la Chine eſt diviſée en ſeize Provinces qui valent mieux chacune que de grands Royaumes. Il y en a dix vers le Midi ſçavoir Yunnan , Quanſi, Canton, Fuquiem, Chequiam, Nankin , Kiamſi , Huqüam, Suſcüem & Quicheu.
ref: 1685 [1658], Pierre Duval, “Aſia”, in Ferrand Spence, transl., Geographia Univerſalis: The Preſent State Of the Whole World: Giving An Account of the ſeveral Religions, Customs, and Riches of each People, The Strength and Government of each Polity and State, The Curious and moſt Remarkable Things in every Region, With Other Particulars neceſſary to the understanding History and the Intereſts of Princes. [Le Monde, ou Géographie universelle, contenant la description et les cartes et les blasons des principaux pays du monde], H. Clark for F. Pearſe, sourced from Le Monde, ou Géographie universelle, contenant la description et les cartes et les blasons des principaux pays du monde, page 249, translation of original in French, →OCLC, page 158:
english: Le Monde, ou Géographie universelle, contenant la description et les cartes et les blasons des principaux pays du monde
translation: Le Monde, ou Géographie universelle, contenant la description et les cartes et les blasons des principaux pays du monde
text: We cannot reasonably ſuppoſe that Adam, who was ſo univerſally Skill'd in the Natures of all Plants, ſhould have been ignorant of their Vulnerary Qualities: Or that he would not employ this his Skill in endeavouring to cure Wounds, or Hurts, when any of his new-planted Stock had the Misfortune te receive 'em.
ref: 1699, Robert Barret, A Companion for Midwives, Child-Bearing Women, and Nurses., London, Preface:
text: Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester, same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand. We spent consider'ble money getting ’em reset, and then a swordfish got into the pound and tore the nets all to slathers, right in the middle of the squiteague season.
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, page 6:
text: Harkin: I spent twenty years working cases here on the Citadel. People on this station love to talk. Secrets are like herpes. If you got 'em, you might as well spread 'em around.
ref: 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Chora's Den, Citadel:
text: We've literally had dozens of your photographs submitted this week – keep ’em coming!
ref: 2010 December 3, John Baron, The Guardian:
glosses: Them (now only in unstressed position following a consonant).
Derived terms: beat 'em up
read 'em and weep
count 'em
go get 'em
hold 'em
Texas hold 'em
howcatchem
pick 'em
shoot 'em up
slickem
stick 'em up
up and at 'em
Related terms: 'emselves
'er
'im
'um