cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
abstract
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæbˌstɹækt/
Forms: form: abstracts
Etymology: From Middle English abstract, borrowed from Latin abstractus, perfect passive participle of abstrahō (“draw away”), formed from abs- (“away”) + trahō (“to pull, draw”). The verbal sense is first attested in 1542.
Senses: examples: text: An analysis and abstract of every treatise he had read.
ref: 1741, I[saac] Watts, The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […], →OCLC:
glosses: An abridgement or summary of a longer publication.
examples: text: Man, the abstract Of all perfection, which the workmanship Of Heaven hath modeled.
ref: 1628, John Ford, The Lover's Melancholy:
glosses: Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.
glosses: Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.
Concentrated essence of a product.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Something that concentrates in itself the qualities of a larger item, or multiple items.
A powdered solid extract of a medicinal substance mixed with lactose.
examples: text: Thus the concrete like has its abstract likeness; the concretes, father and son, have the abstracts, paternity and filiation.
ref: 1843, John Stuart Mill, chapter II, in A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific Investigation. […], volume I, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, page 54:
glosses: An abstraction; an abstract term; that which is abstract.
glosses: The theoretical way of looking at things; something that exists only in idealized form.
topics: art
arts
glosses: An abstract work of art.
topics: business
real-estate
glosses: A summary title of the key points detailing a tract of land, for ownership; abstract of title.
Synonyms: sense: statement summarizing the important points of a text
word: abridgment
sense: statement summarizing the important points of a text
word: compendium
sense: statement summarizing the important points of a text
word: epitome
sense: statement summarizing the important points of a text
word: synopsis
Derived terms: abstract of title
abstractionism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩ˌɪz.m̩/
Forms: form: abstractionisms
Etymology: From abstraction + -ism.
Senses: glosses: The creation, principles, or ideals of abstractions, in particular art.
glosses: The presentation of ideas in an abstract manner.
absurd
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əbˈsɜːd/
ipa: /əbˈzɜːd/
ipa: /æbˈsɚd/
ipa: /æbˈzɚd/
ipa: /əbˈsɚd/
ipa: /əbˈzɚd/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)d
Forms: form: absurder
form: more absurd
form: absurdest
form: most absurd
Etymology: First attested in 1557. From Middle French absurde, from Latin absurdus (“incongruous, dissonant, out of tune”), from ab (“away from, out”) + surdus (“silent, deaf, dull-sounding”). Compare surd.
Senses: examples: text: This proffer is absurd and reasonless.
ref: 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:
text: 'Tis phrase absurd to call a villain great
ref: 1734, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], epistle IV, London: […] J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:
text: “Perhaps it is because I have been excommunicated. It's absurd, but I feel like the Jackdaw of Rheims.” ¶ She winced and bowed her head. Each time that he spoke flippantly of the Church he caused her pain.
ref: 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
text: I know it sounds absurd / But please, tell me who I am
ref: 1979, “The Logical Song”, in Roger Hodgson (lyrics), Breakfast in America, performed by Supertramp:
synonyms: foolish
irrational
ridiculous
preposterous
ludicrous
glosses: Contrary to reason or propriety; obviously and flatly opposed to manifest truth; inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; silly.
synonyms: inconsistent
incongruous
glosses: Inharmonious; dissonant.
examples: text: Adults have condemned them to live in what must seem like an absurd universe.
ref: 1968 March 2, Joseph Featherstone, “A New Kind of Schooling”, in The New Republic:
glosses: Having no rational or orderly relationship to people's lives; meaningless; lacking order or value.
glosses: Dealing with absurdism.
Synonyms: word: absurd
word: cockamamie
word: cockeyed
word: farcical
word: foolish
word: full of it
word: irrational
word: preposterous
word: inconsistent
word: incongruous
word: laughable
word: ludicrous
word: nonsensical
word: ridiculous
word: skimble-skamble
word: unreasonable
Hypernyms: word: false
Derived terms: absurdification
absurdify
Absurdistan
absurdity
absurdly
absurdness
nonabsurd
reduction to the absurd
unabsurd
Related terms: word: nonsense
word: fake
word: insane
absurd
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əbˈsɜːd/
ipa: /əbˈzɜːd/
ipa: /æbˈsɚd/
ipa: /æbˈzɚd/
ipa: /əbˈsɚd/
ipa: /əbˈzɚd/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)d
Forms: form: absurds
Etymology: First attested in 1557. From Middle French absurde, from Latin absurdus (“incongruous, dissonant, out of tune”), from ab (“away from, out”) + surdus (“silent, deaf, dull-sounding”). Compare surd.
Senses: glosses: An absurdity.
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
qualifier: often preceded by the
glosses: The opposition between the human search for meaning in life and the inability to find any; the state or condition in which man exists in an irrational universe and his life has no meaning outside of his existence.
Derived terms: Theatre of the Absurd
abundant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbʌn.dənt/
ipa: /əˈbʌn.dənt/
Forms: form: more abundant
form: most abundant
form: aboundant
form: abundaunt
form: habundaunt
form: habundant
Etymology: First attested about 1380. From Middle English abundaunt, habundaunt, aboundant, from Anglo-Norman abundant, from Old French abondant, from Latin abundāns, present participle of abundō (“to overflow, to abound”). Compare abound.
Senses: examples: text: Blackberries are abundant in this part of the country in October, so we always make lots of jam.
text: an abundant selection of carpets to choose from
text: [W]ith their magical words they [poets] bring forth to our eyesight the abundant images and beauties of creation.
ref: a. 1859, Leigh Hunt, On the Realities of Imagination:
text: Kadara was of great interest to the Andromeda Initiative after it appeared on long-range surveys. Seemingly abundant liquid water and an oxygen-mix atmosphere made it a strong candidate for settlement, earning it the designation Habitat 4. Closer range surveys now reveal that Kadara's water sources are tainted and unpotable.
ref: 2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Kadara:
antonyms: rare
scarce
glosses: Fully sufficient; found in copious supply; in great quantity; overflowing.
examples: text: Abundant in goodness and truth.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 34:6:
synonyms: flush
rife
glosses: Richly supplied; wealthy; possessing in great quantity.
topics: mathematics
sciences
antonyms: deficient
glosses: Being an abundant number, i.e. less than the sum of all of its divisors except itself.
Synonyms: english: see here for explanation of distinctions
translation: see here for explanation of distinctions
word: ample
word: bountiful
word: copious
word: exuberant
word: liberal
word: overflowing
word: plenteous
word: plentiful
word: profuse
word: rich
word: teeming
word: lavish
word: abundant
word: abounding
word: aplenty
word: brimming
word: galore
word: generous
word: numerous
word: prodigal
word: prolific
word: superabundant
word: uberous
word: largifluous
word: plentevous
word: largifical
word: profluent
Derived terms: abundantial
abundantly
abundant number
abundant year
hyperabundant
nonabundant
overabundant
superabundant
surabundant
unabundant
underabundant
Related terms: word: abound
word: heavy
word: filled
word: in spades
word: excess
word: lack
abut on
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: abuts on
form: abutting on
form: abutted on
form: abutted on
Senses: examples: text: His land abuts on the road.
text: The fronts of the houses abut on the pathway, which is about four feet wide, and are unequally places, following the contour of the ground.
ref: 1919, Katherine Routledge, The Mystery of Easter Island, Cosimo, Inc. (2007), →ISBN, page 24:
text: The stalked gland (14 — 12-15) has a capital of usually 32 cells radiating from the centre and standing out like an umbrella top. These cells all abut on a central short cell resting on the top of the long stalk cell.
ref: 1942, Francis Ernest Lloyd, The Carnivorous Plants, →ISBN, page 97:
text: Now the two bounding notes of an enharmonic tetrachord of the relevant sort will indeed both be the lowest notes of pykna when the tetrachords are put together in conjunction; but the higher of them can never abut on a pyknon in the case envisaged here, where the tone is introduced to disjoin the tetrachords.
ref: 2007, Andrew Barker, The Science of Harmonics in Classical Greece, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 209:
glosses: To border on.
abutment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbʌt.mn̩t/
ipa: /əˈbʌt.mn̩t/
rhymes: -ʌtmənt
Forms: form: abutments
Etymology: First attested in 1644; engineering sense first attested in 1793. From Old French aboutement. Equivalent to abut + -ment.
Senses: glosses: The point of junction between two things, in particular a support, that abuts.
topics: architecture
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The solid portion of a structure that supports the lateral pressure of an arch or vault.
examples: text: Each of the bridges consists of six separate girder spans on brick abutments.
ref: 1959 May, “Talking of Trains: Bethnal Green alterations”, in Trains Illustrated, page 236:
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A construction that supports the ends of a bridge; a structure that anchors the cables on a suspension bridge.
examples: Heavy rains have caused the dam's abutments to seep, raising concern over possible dam failure.
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The part of a valley or canyon wall against which a dam is constructed.
glosses: Something that abuts, or on which something abuts.
glosses: The state of abutting.
topics: architecture
glosses: That element that shares a common boundary or surface with its neighbor.
topics: dentistry
medicine
sciences
glosses: The tooth that supports a denture or bridge.
examples: The fulcrum acted as an abutment.
glosses: A fixed point or surface where resistance is obtained.
abyss
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbɪs/
ipa: /əˈbɪs/
ipa: /æˈbɪs/
enpr: ə-bĭs'
rhymes: -ɪs
Forms: form: abysses
form: abysm
form: abyssus
form: abime
Etymology: From Middle English abissus, from Late Latin abyssus (“a bottomless gulf”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos, “bottomless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βυσσός (bussós, “deep place”), from βυθός (buthós, “deep place”). Displaced native Old English neowolnes.
Senses: examples: text: 'You cannot enter here,' said Gandalf, and the huge shadow halted. 'Go back to the abyss prepared for you! Go back! Fall into the nothingness that awaits you and your Master. Go!'
ref: 1955, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 190:
glosses: Hell; the bottomless pit; primeval chaos; a confined subterranean ocean.
examples: text: Below is the deep abyss of the Lauterbrunnen valley, and at its head a stately semi-circle of mountains, with the pyramidal Lauterbrunnen Breithorn as the centre-piece.
ref: 1960 December, Voyageur, “The Mountain Railways of the Bernese Oberland”, in Trains Illustrated, page 752:
qualifier: frequently figurative
glosses: A bottomless or unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, immeasurable; any void space.
glosses: Anything infinite, immeasurable, or profound.
examples: text: They fell into the abyss of drug addiction.
glosses: Moral depravity; vast intellectual or moral depth.
glosses: An impending catastrophic happening.
raw_tags: with article
topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
glosses: The center of an escutcheon; fess point.
topics: geography
natural-sciences
oceanography
glosses: The abyssal zone.
synonyms: gulf
glosses: A difference, especially a large difference, between groups.
Derived terms: abysmic
abyssal
abyssic
abysslike
abyssobenthic
abyssolith
abyssolithic
abyssopelagic
oceanic abyss
Related terms: abysmal
abysm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbɪzəm/
rhymes: -ɪzəm
Forms: form: abysms
form: abime
form: abyme
Etymology: From Middle English abime, from Old French abisme from Late Latin *abyssimus, a superlative of abyssus (“bottomless pit”), from Ancient Greek ἄβυσσος (ábussos). Cognate to French abîme. See also abyss.
Senses: examples: text: Orkney is an archipelago of 70 or so islands lying off the northeast tip of Scotland. “Everywhere in Orkney there is the sense of age, the dark backward and abysm,” the late Orcadian poet George Mackay Brown wrote. “The islands have been inhabited for a very long time, from before the day of the plough.”
ref: 2025, Peter Ross, “Discover the Astounding Secrets of Scotland’s Stone Age Settlements. In the Orkney Islands, archaeologists close the chapter on a legendary excavation, capping two decades of remarkable Neolithic discoveries”, in Smithsonian, volume 55, number 7: January/February:
glosses: Hell; the infernal pit; the great deep; the primal chaos.
examples: text: The abysm of hell.
ref: 1623, Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra, III, xiii:
text: Dr. Prunesquallor had circled around Steerpike with his head drawn back so that his cervical vertebrae rested against the near wall of his high collar, and a plumbless abysm yawned between his Adam’s apple and his pearl stud.
ref: 1946, Mervyn Peake, “The Grotto”, in Titus Groan, London: Eyre & Spottiswoode:
text: [T]he Shakespearean sonnet doesn't lend itself to a sequential narrative, because the rhymed couplet, without its paired feet trembling at that abysm of time, has to settle instead for the sound of sighing resolution, at regular intervals, over and over, before taking a deep breath and returning usually, for better or worse, to the same subject.
ref: 2015 January 30, Glyn Maxwell, “‘Ideas of Order,’ by Neil L. Rudenstine [book review; print version: Eternal lines: A guide to Shakespeare's sonnets, International New York Times, 2 February 2015, p. 7]”, in The New York Times:
glosses: An abyss; a gulf, a chasm, a very deep hole.
Derived terms: abysmal
abysmic
academic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛmɪk
ipa: /ˌæk.əˈdɛm.ɪk/
note: Indic
ipa: /əˈkaɖəmɪk/
note: Indic
ipa: /əkəˈɖɛmɪk/
note: Indic
ipa: /ˈakəɖɛmɪk/
Forms: form: academics
form: academick
form: acad
form: acad.
form: Academic
Etymology: From both the Medieval Latin acadēmicus and the French académique, from Latin academia, from Ancient Greek ἀκαδημικός (akadēmikós), from Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía) or Ἀκαδήμεια (Akadḗmeia), the name of the place where Plato taught; compare academy. By surface analysis, academy + -ic.
Senses: glosses: A follower of Plato, a Platonist.
examples: text: Academics[…]see integrated systems for collecting, processing and acting on data as offering a “second electrification” to the world’s metropolises.
ref: 2013 September 7, “The multiplexed metropolis”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8852:
glosses: A senior member of an academy, college, or university; a person who attends an academy; a person engaged in scholarly pursuits; one who is academic in practice.
examples: text: Carneades the academick, when he was to write against Zeno the stoick, purged himself with hellebor first […].
ref: 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 4, member 2, subsection ii:
glosses: A member of the Academy; an academician.
glosses: A student in a college.
glosses: Academic dress; academicals.
examples: text: Many spoke of an intense fear of failing one’s academics at university, which can both be highly motivating to secure academic success (sometimes at the cost of socialising), but can also immobilise one’s desire to try harder as it can be rather disappointing if one does not succeed. […] Many autistic students commonly reported viewing academics to be the most important aspect of university life and had a strong sense of persistence and self-determination to succeed. […] However, while some autistic students viewed socialising to be a source of threat that could jeopardise their academic success if indulged in, others highlighted the importance of social connections at university beyond that of academics.
ref: 2021 July 25, Jiedi Lei, and Ailsa Russell, “Understanding the role of self-determination in shaping university experiences for autistic and typically developing students in the United Kingdom”, in Autism, volume 25, number 5, →DOI, pages 1262–1278:
glosses: Academic studies.
Derived terms: academicked
academicking
dark academic
non-academic
nonacademic
Related terms: scientific
acanthus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkæn.θəs/
ipa: /əˈkæn.θəs/
rhymes: -ænθəs
Forms: form: acanthuses
form: acanthi
Etymology: From Latin acanthus, from Ancient Greek ἄκανθος (ákanthos), from ἀκή (akḗ, “thorn”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”).
Senses: examples: text: The picture before which they paused represented one of those ruined fountains so common to Italy. Francesca gazed upon it as if it had been an old friend: many a time, beside such a one, with its curved and broken marble, had she wreathed the acanthus that hung around it, the green and trailing foliage so profuse in the South, into shapes even more fanciful than those which once suggested the Corinthian capital.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC:
synonyms: word: bear's breech
word: bear's breeches
word: bear's-breech
glosses: A member of the genus Acanthus of herbaceous prickly plants with toothed leaves, (family Acanthaceae, order Lamiales (formerly Scrophulariales)) found in the south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India.
examples: text: It is difficult to imagine that Bernard of Clairvaux was gullible enough to accept dozens of historiated windows, grisaille fields of griffins, mosaic pavements, carved acanthus capitals, inhabited vine columns, and golden altarware on the strength of the justifications offered by a single window, one tympanum, and Suger's libelli.
ref: 1994 March, R Ousterhout, “Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, an Annotated Bibliography and Historiography by W. Eugene Kleinbauer”, in Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, volume 53, number 1:
topics: architecture
glosses: An ornament resembling the foliage or leaves of Acanthus spinosus, used in the capitals of the Corinthian and composite orders.
Related terms: acantha
Acanthis
accelerate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
ipa: /ækˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
Forms: form: accelerates
form: accelerating
form: accelerated
form: accelerated
Etymology: First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“to accelerate, hasten”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), formed from ad + celerō (“to hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration.
Senses: glosses: To cause to move faster; to quicken the motion of; to add to the speed of.
examples: text: to accelerate the growth of a plant, the increase of wealth, etc.
text: The company plans to accelerate its growth with new marketing strategies.
text: She had to accelerate her work pace to meet the deadline.
text: Nevertheless, it is clear that the global energy demand for air-conditioning will grow substantially as nations become more affluent, with the consequences of climate change potentially accelerating the demand.
ref: 2013 September-October, Michael Sivak, “Will AC Put a Chill on the Global Energy Supply?”, in American Scientist:
glosses: To quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process of.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: To cause a change of velocity.
examples: text: to accelerate our departure
glosses: To hasten, as the occurrence of an event.
topics: education
glosses: To enable a student to finish a course of study in less than normal time.
examples: text: The car began to accelerate as soon as the light turned green.
glosses: To become faster; to begin to move more quickly.
glosses: Grow; increase.
Synonyms: sense: to cause to move faster
word: hasten
word: quicken
word: speed up
sense: to quicken progress
word: expedite
sense: to quicken progress
word: further
sense: to hasten the occurrence of an event
word: advance
sense: to hasten the occurrence of an event
word: forward
Derived terms: acceleratable
accelerated ageing
accelerated aging
accelerated critical illness
accelerated depreciation
accelerated erosion
accelerated graphics port
accelerated motion
accelerating force
acceleratingly
accelerating universe
accelerative
accelerator
deaccelerate
nonaccelerating
outaccelerate
overaccelerate
post-accelerate
reaccelerate
unaccelerating
Related terms: accelerando
accelerant
acceleration
accelerograph
accelerometer
accelerate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
ipa: /ækˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/
Etymology: First attested in the 1520s. Either from Latin accelerātus, perfect passive participle of accelerō (“to accelerate, hasten”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), formed from ad + celerō (“to hasten”), which is from celer (“quick”) (see celerity), or back-formation from acceleration.
Senses: examples: text: ... a general knowledg of the definition of motion, and of the distinction of natural and violent, even and accelerate, and the like, sufficing.
ref: 1662, Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Dialogue 2:
glosses: Accelerated; quickened; hastened; hurried.
acceleration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: əksĕlərā'shən
ipa: /əkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ækˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ɪkˌsɛl.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: accelerations
form: acc.
form: a.
Etymology: First attested in 1531. From French accélération or more likely directly from Latin accelerātiō (“a hastening, acceleration”). Equivalent to accelerate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: A falling body moves toward the earth with an acceleration of velocity.
text: On the East and West Coast Main Lines in the 1950s/60s, for example, we saw the extinction of intermediate stations in order to create the same sort of accelerations that IRP is now promising. Back then, the priority was faster main line services, with wayside/intermediate stations paying the ultimate price.
ref: 2022 January 12, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL, number 948, page 3:
glosses: The act of accelerating, or the state of being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as opposed to retardation or deceleration.
examples: text: The boosters produce an acceleration of 20 metres per second per second.
text: A period of social improvement, or of intellectual advancement, contains within itself a principle of acceleration […]
ref: 1859-1860, Isaac Taylor, Ultimate Civilisation:
glosses: The amount by which a speed or velocity increases (and so a scalar quantity or a vector quantity).
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The change of velocity with respect to time (can include deceleration or changing direction).
glosses: The advancement of students at a rate that places them ahead of where they would be in the regular school curriculum.
Derived terms: accelerational
acceleration clause
accelerationism
accelerationist
acceleration lane
acceleration of gravity
acceleration principle
angular acceleration
antiacceleration
autoacceleration
cardioacceleration
celeration
centripetal acceleration
deacceleration
four-acceleration
hardware acceleration
microacceleration
nonacceleration
overacceleration
Planck acceleration
plasma acceleration
plasma wakefield acceleration
postacceleration
proper acceleration
quadriacceleration
reacceleration
underacceleration
Related terms: displacement
velocity
jerk
accelerator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/
ipa: /ækˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/
ipa: /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/
Forms: form: accelerators
Etymology: * First attested in 1611.
* (motor vehicle): First attested in 1900.
* accelerate + -or
Senses: examples: text: The Second World War is said to have been a great accelerator for many scientific findings.
glosses: One who, or that which, accelerates.
glosses: A device for causing acceleration.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A substance which speeds up chemical reactions.
examples: text: As soon as you get onto the slipway, push the accelerator.
topics: transport
vehicles
glosses: A pedal causing the vehicle to accelerate when it is pressed.
topics: arts
hobbies
lifestyle
photography
glosses: A chemical that reduces development time.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A device that accelerates charged subatomic particles; a particle accelerator.
topics: medicine
physiology
sciences
glosses: A muscle or nerve that speeds the performance of an action.
examples: text: If they had allowed single-character accelerators, Windows wouldn't be able to determine whether the character was input or a shortcut.
ref: 2002, Davis Howard Chapman, Sams Teach Yourself Visual C++ .NET in 21 Days, page 187:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: An accelerator key.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A computer component using dedicated hardware to accelerate the processing and display of graphics.
glosses: A light van to take mails between a post office and a railway station.
examples: text: In the nineties, before the accelerator era, startups were usually launched by mid-career engineers or repeat entrepreneurs, who sought millions in venture capital and then labored in secret on something complicated that took years to launch.
ref: 2016 October 3, Tad Friend, “Sam Altman’s Manifest Destiny”, in The New Yorker:
topics: business
glosses: A mentoring program for startup companies.
Synonyms: word: gas pedal
word: gas
word: throttle
word: go pedal
word: particle accelerator
word: atom smasher
Derived terms: word: accelerator card
sense: computers
word: a device that speeds up computer processing
word: accelerator effect
word: accelerator key
sense: computers
word: a key which a user can press to activate a menu
word: other element
word: accelerator mass spectrometry
word: accelerator nerves
topics: physiology
medicine
sciences
word: nerves that speed up a bodily function
word: accelerator pedal
topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: a pedal used to control a vehicle's speed
word: cardioaccelerator
word: hit the accelerator
word: laser-plasma accelerator
word: particle accelerator
word: plasma accelerator
word: plasma wakefield accelerator
word: preaccelerator
accomplished
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkɑm.plɪʃt/
ipa: /əˈkʌm.plɪʃt/
ipa: /əˈkɒm.plɪʃt/
Forms: form: more accomplished
form: most accomplished
form: accomplisht
Etymology: * First attested in the late 15th century, from accomplish + -ed.
Senses: examples: an accomplished fact
glosses: Completed; effected; established.
examples: text: an accomplished scholar, an accomplished villain
text: Daughter of God and Man, accompliſht Eve,
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, line 660:
text: When Margaret Frances Desha returned to Batesville, the most accomplished woman of the town, she was wooed and won by William French Denton, a distinguished lawyer of Batesville, and a gift of Tennessee to Arkansas growth.
ref: 1967, Josiah Hazen Shinn, Pioneers and Makers of Arkansas, →ISBN, page 335:
text: The presence of the dog and hart further clarifies the meaning of these scenes: hunting was one of the ways in which an accomplished young man could assert himself.
ref: 1997, Giovanni Levi, Jean-Claude Schmitt, A History of Young People in the West - Volume 1, →ISBN, page 36:
text: Knowing this, makes all the difference in the world as to how you will be received as an accomplished young lady when you are presented to the world, and later presented to your Adam.
ref: 2007, Keisha Clark, The Young Lady's Guide to Charm, Style & Femininity, →ISBN, page 82:
glosses: Having many accomplishments, often as a result of study or training.
examples: text: an accomplished first novel
text: "Oh! yes—the handsomest young lady that ever was seen; and so accomplished!—She plays and sings all day long. In the next room is a new instrument just come down for her—a present from my master; she comes here to-morrow with him."
ref: 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter I, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume III, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, pages 7–8:
glosses: Showing skill and artistry.
Derived terms: nonaccomplished
superaccomplished
unaccomplished
underaccomplished
accomplished
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkɑm.plɪʃt/
ipa: /əˈkʌm.plɪʃt/
ipa: /əˈkɒm.plɪʃt/
Forms: form: accomplisht
Etymology: * First attested in the late 15th century, from accomplish + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of accomplish
accomplish
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkʌm.plɪʃ/
ipa: /əˈkɒm.plɪʃ/
note: of Canada
ipa: /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/
note: of Canada
ipa: /əˈkʌm.plɪʃ/
note: of the US
ipa: /əˈkɒm.plɪʃ/
ipa: /əˈkɐm.plɪʃ/
ipa: /əˈkɐm.pləʃ/
Forms: form: accomplishes
form: accomplishing
form: accomplished
form: accomplished
Etymology: From Middle English accomplisshen, acomplissen, from Old French acompliss-, extended stem of acomplir (Modern French accomplir), from Vulgar Latin *(ac)complīre, from Latin complēre (“fill up/out, complete”, whence English complete).
First attested in the late 14th century.
Senses: glosses: To finish successfully.
examples: text: That He would accomplish seventy years in the desolations of Jerusalem.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Daniel 9:2:
text: But the rising ground which lay between him and the French prevented him from seeing the enemy until he had accomplished half a league or more.
ref: 1855, William H[ickling] Prescott, “War with France”, in History of the Reign of Philip the Second, King of Spain, volume I, Boston, Mass.: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, →OCLC, book I, page 231:
glosses: To complete, as time or distance.
examples: text: to accomplish a design, an object, a promise
text: This that is written must yet be accomplished in me
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 22:37:
glosses: To execute fully; to fulfill; to complete successfully.
examples: text: The armorers accomplishing the knights
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals)]:
text: It [the moon] is fully accomplished for all those ends to which Providence did appoint it.
ref: 1638, John Wilkins, The Discovery of a World in the Moone:
text: These qualities . . . go to accomplish a perfect woman.
ref: 1863, Charles Cowden Clarke, Shakespeare's Characters:
glosses: To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish.
examples: text: And more unlikely / Than to accomplish twenty golden crowns!
ref: c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
glosses: To gain; to obtain.
glosses: To fill out a form.
Synonyms: do
perform
fulfill
realize
effect
effectuate
complete
consummate
execute
achieve
perfect
equip
furnish
carry out
pull off
Derived terms: accomplishable
accomplisher
accomplishment
mission accomplished
reaccomplish
Related terms: complete
comply
accent
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ăkʹsənt
enpr: ăkʹsĕnt
ipa: /ˈak.sənt/
ipa: /-sɛnt/
enpr: ăkʹsĕnt
ipa: /ˈæk.sɛnt/
ipa: /ˈæk.sɛnt/
ipa: /-sənt/
ipa: /ˈɛk.sent/
ipa: /-sənt/
rhymes: -æksɛnt
enpr: ăk-sĕntʹ
ipa: /ækˈsɛnt/
enpr: ăk-sĕntʹ
enpr: ăkʹsĕnt
ipa: /ækˈsɛnt/
ipa: /ˈæk.sɛnt/
rhymes: -ɛnt
rhymes: -æksɛnt
enpr: ăkʹsənt
enpr: ăkʹsĕnt
ipa: /ˈak.sənt/
ipa: /-sɛnt/
enpr: ăkʹsĕnt
ipa: /ˈæk.sɛnt/
ipa: /ˈæk.sɛnt/
ipa: /-sənt/
ipa: /ˈɛk.sent/
ipa: /-sənt/
rhymes: -æksɛnt
Forms: form: accents
form: accenting
form: accented
form: accented
Etymology: From Middle French accenter, from Old French accenter, from Latin accentō, from accentus.
Senses: glosses: To express the accent of vocally; to utter with accent.
glosses: To mark emphatically; to emphasize; to accentuate; to make prominent.
glosses: To mark with written accents.
accentuate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əkˈsɛn.t͡ʃu.eɪt/
ipa: /ækˈsɛn.t͡ʃuˌeɪt/
Forms: form: accentuates
form: accentuating
form: accentuated
form: accentuated
Etymology: First attested in 1731; borrowed from Medieval Latin accentuātus, perfect passive participle of accentuō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), from Latin accentus.
Senses: glosses: To pronounce with an accent or vocal stress.
examples: text: our danger and insolation only accentuated the incompatibility
ref: 1898, H. G. Wells, The War of the Worlds/Book 2/Chapter 3:
text: These were business hours, and a feeling of loneliness crept over him, perhaps germinated by his sight of the illustrated papers, and accentuated by an attempted perusal of them.
ref: 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 5, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
text: Attempts by Waterloo signalmen to clear the points by power operation eventually exhausted point motor batteries, which are fed by trickle chargers, and a blown fuse accentuated the problem; thus, even when the points had been cleared of ice, no power was available to operate them until the batteries were sufficiently recharged.
ref: 1962 March 23, “The New Year Freeze-up on British Railways”, in Modern Railways, page 159:
text: Several digital effects are supported by Deck, ranging from a digital equalizer, which lets you accentuate or attenuate certain frequencies, to a stereoizer, which processes a mono- phonic recording to simulate stereo.
ref: 1991, Macworld, volume 8, PC World Communications:
text: Eating meat does not conform to God's original intention, and resorting to carnivorism merely accentuates an unattractive part of human nature.
ref: 2004, Mark H Bernstein, Without A Tear, University of Illinois, published 2004, page 67:
text: Soft girl makeup, as the name suggests is a pastel, sweet style that focuses on accentuating natural features with a signature element being blush and faux freckles.
ref: 2022 November 23, Vaishnavi Maloth, “Popular Makeup Aesthetics to Follow”, in Tulip, volume 13, number 5, page 66:
glosses: To bring out distinctly; to make more noticeable or prominent; to emphasize.
glosses: To mark with a written accent.
Synonyms: accent
betone
Derived terms: accentuable
accentuator
misaccentuate
overaccentuate
reaccentuate
unaccentuated
Related terms: accentual
accentuation
access
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæksɛs/
enpr: ăkʹsĕs'
ipa: /ˈækˌsɛs/
rhymes: -æksɛs
ipa: /əkˈsɛs/
enpr: ək-sĕsʹ
ipa: /əkˈsɛs/
rhymes: -æksɛs
rhymes: -ɛs
ipa: /ˈæksɛs/
enpr: ăkʹsĕs'
ipa: /ˈækˌsɛs/
rhymes: -æksɛs
Forms: form: accesses
form: accessing
form: accessed
form: accessed
Etymology: First attested in 1962.
Senses: examples: text: The value of having in-house medical expertise is that staff with poor attendance records who have difficulty accessing NHS services can receive support from their employer, to help reduce absenteeism brought about by medical conditions.
ref: 2023 December 13, 'Industry Insider', “Delivering a robust timetable”, in RAIL, number 998, page 68:
glosses: To gain or obtain access to.
examples: text: I can't access most of the data on the computer without a password.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: To have access to (data).
Derived terms: deaccess
reaccess
unaccessed
acclaim
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkleɪm/
rhymes: -eɪm
Forms: form: acclaims
form: acclaiming
form: acclaimed
form: acclaimed
Etymology: * First attested in the early 14th century.
* (to applaud): First attested in the 1630s.
* Borrowed from Latin acclāmō (“raise a cry at; applaud”), formed from ad- + clāmō (“cry out, shout”).
Senses: glosses: To shout; to call out.
examples: text: a highly-acclaimed novel
text: a widely-acclaimed article
text: The design, when finally developed, was a slight disappointment to Monsieur Deplis, who had suspected Icarus of being a fortress taken by Wallenstein in the Thirty Years' War, but he was more than satisfied with the execution of the work, which was acclaimed by all who had the privilege of seeing it as Pincini's masterpiece.
ref: 1911, Saki, The Chronicles of Clovis:
glosses: To express great approval (for).
glosses: To salute or praise with great approval; to compliment; to applaud; to welcome enthusiastically.
glosses: To claim.
examples: text: Thou ſhalt be crown'd— / An Iron Crown, intenſely hot, ſhall gird / Thy hoary Temples; while the ſhouting Crowd / Acclaims thee King of Traitors.
ref: 1749, [Tobias George Smollett], The Regicide: Or, James the First, of Scotland. A Tragedy. […], London: […] [F]or the benefit of the author, →OCLC, Act V, scene the last, page 79:
glosses: To declare by acclamations.
topics: government
politics
glosses: To elect (a politician, etc.) to an office automatically because no other candidates run; elect by acclamation.
Derived terms: acclaimable
acclaimer
acclamatory
acclaim
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkleɪm/
rhymes: -eɪm
Forms: form: acclaims
Etymology: * First attested in 1667.
Senses: glosses: An acclamation; a shout of applause.
glosses: A claim.
accomplice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkɒm.plɪs/
ipa: /əˈkʌm.plɪs/
ipa: /əˈkɑm.pləs/
ipa: /əˈkɑm.plɪs/
Forms: form: accomplices
Etymology: First attested in 1550. From a complice, from Middle English complice, from Old French complice (“confederate”), from Latin complicāre (“fold together”). The article a became part of the word, through the influence of the word accomplish.
Senses: examples: text: Childleſs Arturius, vaſtly rich before, / Thus by his Loſſes multiplies his Store: / Suſpected for Accomplice to the Fire, / That burnt his Palace but to build it higher.
ref: 1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Third Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, page 46, lines 359–362:
text: And thou, the curs’d Accomplice of her Treaſon, / Declare thy Meſſage, and expect thy Doom.
ref: 1749 February 6 (first performance; written 1726–1749), Samuel Johnson, Irene: A Tragedy. […], London: […] R[obert] Dodsley […]; and sold by M[ary] Cooper […], published 16 February 1749, →OCLC, act V, scene xii, page 83:
text: “You have a young son, yet you involve yourself in the world of organised crime. Robbing a bank no less! Stealing half a million pounds! Money, I might add, that has never been recovered. You must know where the money is hidden, and yet, Mr Goodie, you refuse to inform the police. You must have had accomplices, but you will not name them. This no doubt is the criminals’ code of honour.”
ref: 2017, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], “Guilty”, in Bad Dad, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN, pages 259–260:
topics: law
glosses: An associate in the commission of a crime; a participator in an offense, whether a principal or an accessory.
examples: text: Succeſſe vnto our valiant Generall, / And happineſſe to his accomplices.
ref: 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 115, column 1:
glosses: A cooperator.
Synonyms: abettor
accessory
assistant
associate
confederate
coadjutor
ally
promoter
Derived terms: accompliceship
accomplicity
accompany
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/
ipa: /əˈkʌmp.ni/
Forms: form: accompanies
form: accompanying
form: accompanied
form: accompanied
Etymology: * First attested in early 15th century.
From Middle English accompanien, from Old French acompagner (“to associate with”), from compaing (“companion”), nominative singular of compaignon (“companion”). See company.
Senses: examples: text: Geoffrey accompanied the group on their pilgrimage.
text: The Persian dames, […] / In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march.
ref: 1804, Richard Glover, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
text: They are never alone that are accompanied with noble thoughts.
ref: 1581, Philip Sidney, An Apology of Poetry, or a Defense of Poesy, Book I:
text: He was accompanied by two carts filled with wounded rebels.
ref: 1979, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England:
glosses: To go with or attend as a companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along with.
examples: text: He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […], the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.
ref: 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
glosses: To supplement with; add to.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: To perform an accompanying part or parts in a composition.
examples: text: The strings were accompanied by two woodwinds.
text: I will accompany her on the oboe.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: To perform an accompanying part next to (another instrument or musician).
examples: text: Men say that they will drive away one another, […] and not accompanied together.
ref: 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:
glosses: To associate in a company; to keep company.
glosses: To cohabit (with).
examples: text: Gijb, Suche as accompanyeth with man-killers and murtherers.
ref: 1534, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Golden Book of Marcus Aurelius:
glosses: To cohabit with; to coexist with; occur with.
examples: text: Thunder almost always accompanies lightning during a rain storm.
glosses: To be found at the same time.
Synonyms: word: We accompany those with whom we go as companions. The word imports an equality of station.
word: We attend those whom we wait upon
word: follow. The word conveys an idea of subordination.
word: A gentleman accompanies a friend to some public place
word: he attends
word: escorts a lady
word: We escort those whom we attend with a view to guard and protect
sense: go with
word: attend
sense: go with
word: escort
sense: go with
word: go with
Derived terms: accompanable
accompaniable
accompanier
accompaniment
accompanist
accompanyist
reaccompany
acclimatize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈklaɪ.məˌtaɪz/
Forms: form: acclimatizes
form: acclimatizing
form: acclimatized
form: acclimatized
form: acclimatise
Etymology: From acclimate + -ize. First attested in 1836.
Senses: examples: text: acclimatize to the new regulations
text: It takes time to acclimatize to the thin air of high mountains.
text: She quickly acclimatized to her new job in a foreign country.
text: The soldiers had to acclimatize before starting operations in the desert.
glosses: To get used to a new climate, or to a new situation.
examples: text: acclimatize the staff to the new regulations
glosses: To make used to a new climate or one that is different from that which is natural; to inure or habituate to other circumstances; to adapt to the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate.
Derived terms: acclimatizable
acclimatization
acclimatizer
reacclimatize
Related terms: acclimate
acclimation
acclimatization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˌklaɪ.mə.təˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Forms: form: acclimatizations
form: acclimatisation
Etymology: From acclimatize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: The expedition paused to allow for proper acclimatization at base camp.
text: Acclimatization to extreme climates is essential for survival.
text: The scientist studied the acclimatization of plants introduced into new environments.
glosses: The act of acclimatizing; the process of inuring to a new climate, or the state of being so inured.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The climatic adaptation of an organism that has been moved to a new environment.
Derived terms: acclimatizational
deacclimatization
accompaniment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ə-kŭmʹpə-nē-mənt
ipa: /əˈkʌm.pə.ni.mənt/
ipa: /əˈkʌmp.ni.mənt/
Forms: form: accompaniments
Etymology: From French accompagnement; equivalent to accompany + -ment. First attested in 1744.
Senses: examples: text: Brooks performed a saxophone solo on stage, with Robert as accompaniment on the bass.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
synonyms: comping
glosses: A part, usually performed by instruments, that gives support or adds to the background in music, or adds for ornamentation; also, the harmony of a figured bass.
examples: text: A side salad is a common accompaniment to a main dish.
text: forecasting torrential rain, with an accompaniment of crashing thunder.
text: Green sauce is the perfect accompaniment to baked fish.
text: My audience to this not-too-easy operation was a small group of Scottish school lasses, who seemed (perhaps naturally) to find the proceedings somewhat mysterious, but at any rate amusing. I wished they would go away, but they didn't, so I had to get on with the job to the accompaniment of a background of giggles!
ref: 1952 February, H. C. Casserley, “Permanent Wayfarings”, in Railway Magazine, page 77:
synonyms: word: attachment
word: supplement
word: accessory
word: accompaniment
word: addition
word: add-on
word: adjunct
word: affix
word: annex
word: apanage
word: appendage
word: appendix
word: extra
word: increase
word: increment
word: supplement
glosses: That which accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or which is added to give greater completeness to the principal thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry.
Derived terms: accompanimental
additional accompaniment
nonaccompaniment