dichotomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /daɪˈkɒtəmi/
ipa: /dɪ-/
ipa: /daɪˈkɑtəmi/
ipa: [-ɾə-]
note: Indic
ipa: /ɖajkʰo.ʈɔmi/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɖajˈkʰɔʈəmi/
rhymes: -ɒtəmi
Forms: form: dichotomies
Etymology: From Ancient Greek διχοτομία (dikhotomía, “dichotomy”).
Senses: examples: text: The dichotomy between the private and the public is central to almost two centuries of feminist writing and political struggle; it is, ultimately, what the feminist movement is all about. Although some feminists treat the dichotomy as a universal, trans-historical and trans-cultural feature of human existence, feminist criticism is primarily directed at the separation and opposition between the public and private spheres in liberal theory and practice.
ref: 1989, Carole Pateman, 6: Feminist Critiques of the Public/Private Dichotomy: The Disorder of Women: Democracy, Feminism, and Political Theory, page 118:
text: The dichotomy between maria and highlands dominates lunar mineralogy.
ref: 2003, Thérèse Encrenaz et al., “The Solar System”, in Storm Dunlop, transl., Système Solaire, page 232:
text: Despite some contradictions found in the essay, its major emphasis is laid on the politics-administration dichotomy theory. It is largely devoted to the argument concerning the separability of politics and administration. The politics-administration dichotomy initiated by Wilson was later elaborated by Frank J. Goodnow in his work, “Politics and Administration” (1900).
ref: 2005, S. P. Naidu, Public Administration: Concepts And Theories, page 55:
text: All of this previous analysis was based on two related ideas: the classical dichotomy and monetary neutrality. Recall that the classical dichotomy is the separation of variables into real variables (those that measure quantities or relative prices) and nominal variables (those measured in terms of money).
ref: 2008, N. Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Economics, 6th edition, page 723:
glosses: A separation or division into two; a distinction that results in such a division.
examples: text: But we do not try to characterize the top and bottom parts of the brain in terms of a simple dichotomy or set of dichotomies, which was exactly what was done with the existing and well-known division of the brain into two halves: namely the left versus the right, the dominant pop-culture brain story of the last few decades. […] The dif­ferences between the left and right sides of the brain are nuanced, and simple, sweeping dichotomies do not in fact explain how the two sides function.
ref: 2013 November 11, Stephen M. Kosslyn, G. Wayne Miller, “How the Brain Creates Personality: A New Theory”, in The Atlantic:
glosses: Such a division involving apparently incompatible or opposite principles; a duality.
examples: text: But in the fallacy of false dichotomy, not only do the two alternatives fail to be jointly exhaustive, but they are not even likely. As a result, the disjunctive premise is false, or at least probably false.
ref: 2011, Patrick J. Hurley, A Concise Introduction to Logic, page 162:
text: 2011, Tomasz A. Gorarzd, Jacek Krzaczkowski, The Complexity of Problems Connected with Two-Element Algebras, Paweł M. Idziak, Andrzej Wronski, Reports on Mathematical Logic: No. 46, page 92,
One can ask if for any algebra the considered problem is always in P or NP-complete (P or coNP-complete)? For example, the problem of the satisfiability of a system of polynomial equations over a group G is in P if G is abelian and NP-complete otherwise ([7, 13]).
One of the most widely known subclasses of NP which exhibits such a dichotomy, is the class of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) on the set {0,1}, see [16]. Recently Bulatov proved the dichotomy for CSP on a three-element set [3].
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The division of a class into two disjoint subclasses that are together comprehensive, as the division of human into female and male.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
taxonomy
glosses: The division of a genus into two species; a division into two subordinate parts.
examples: text: The Ides of Januarius indeed, the preceding month, must have fallen on March 1 at midnight, two days before the first dichotomy of the mean new moon of that month, March 3 at midnight.
ref: 1854, Edward Greswell, Origines Kalendariæ Italicæ: Tables of the Roman Calendar, volume 1, page 261:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A phase of the moon when it appears half lit and half dark, for example at the quadratures.
examples: text: 1969, J. F. Rigby, Permian Sphenopsids from Antarctica, Geological Survey Professional Paper 613-F, page F-9,
In one forked leaf there is a distinct vein dichotomy, and the leaf boundary commences 1.5 mm above the dichotomy.
text: In most of the creeping species with dorsiventral stems (e.g., S. kraussiana, S. laevigata) roots arise at or close to the point of dichotomy; in species like S. rupestris and S. wallichii they arise at the point of dichotomy as well as other positions and in S. selaginoides and S. spinulosa they arise from knot like swellings present at the basal portion of the stem.
ref: 2010, V. Singh, P. C. Pande, D. K. Jain, Text Book Of Botany: Diversity Of Microbes And Cryptogams, 4th edition, page 511:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Division and subdivision; bifurcation, such as that of a stem of a plant or a vein of the body into two parts as it proceeds from its origin; often successive.
Synonyms: sense: separation or division into two
word: bisection
sense: division into parts
word: partition
sense: division into parts
word: trichotomy
Coordinate terms: word: monochotomy
word: trichotomy
word: tetrachotomy
word: pentachotomy
word: hexachotomy
word: heptachotomy
word: octachotomy
word: decachotomy
word: polychotomy
Derived terms: dichomatic
dichotomic
dichotomically
dichotomise
dichotomism
dichotomist
dichotomization
dichotomize
dichotomous
false dichotomy
Ousterhout's dichotomy
subdichotomy
Related terms: bifurcation
bisection
discretization
duality
law of the excluded middle
partition