samizdat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsæmɪzdæt/
ipa: /səmɪzˈdæt/
Forms: form: samizdats
form: samizdaty
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian самизда́т (samizdát, “self-publishing”), from сам (sam, “self”) + изда́т (izdát), an abbreviation of изда́тельство (izdátelʹstvo, “publishing house, publishing”) (compare Russian Госизда́т (Gosizdát, “State Publisher”)).
Senses: examples: text: [page 1] In a general sense any copy of a document which has been produced in the Soviet Union outside the chain of state publishing houses may be referred to as samizdat. […] [page 3] This term is modeled on the shortened form—gosizdat—of State Publishing House (Gosudarstvennoe Izdatel'stvo). […] According to Julius Telesin, a Russian writer who emigrated to Israel in 1970, the word samizdat occurs first in the late fifties when a Moscow poet, exasperated with the operation of the censorship system, bound together the typewritten sheets of his poems and wrote Samsebiaizdate ("Publishing House for Oneself") in the place where the name of the publishing house would normally appear. He also used the term samizdat with the same meaning but, as Telesin observes, samizdat ("self-publishing house") subsequently acquired a wider meaning.
ref: 1975, F[erdinand] J[oseph] M[aria] Feldbrugge, “Samizdat: Origins and Organization”, in Samizdat and Political Dissent in the Soviet Union, Leiden: A[lbertus] W[illem] Sijthoff, →ISBN, pages 1 and 3:
text: From a clandestine network of friends passing to each other typed copies of their new work, the initiative developed over the years into a parallel publishing system. […] [I]n cities the inquisitive reader did not have much difficulty in obtaining access to what was in fact a banned literature. Samizdat was also an important source of new writing for the equally active and enterprising publishers of Czech (and some Slovak) books in exile.
ref: 1992, Igor Hajek, “Samizdat Literature: An Introduction”, in Marketa Goetz-Stankiewicz, editor, Good-bye, Samizdat: Twenty Years of Czechoslovak Underground Writing, Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, →ISBN, page 4:
text: Indeed, internal criticism of the USSR from a Marxist perspective has been a continuing fact of Soviet life for decades. While [Joseph] Stalin held sway, this criticism was limited to clandestine and fugitive expressions, circulated orally or in samizdat.
ref: 2015, James P. Scanlan, “From Samizdat to Perestroika: The Soviet Marxist Critique of Soviet Society”, in Raymond C. Taras, editor, The Road to Disillusion: From Critical Marxism to Post-communism in Eastern Europe, London: Routledge, →ISBN:
text: Carter chose not to publish on doomsday, discussing it only in seminars where he thought it could get a fair hearing. In this way the doomsday argument began as a secret, almost samizdat doctrine, known to a few as the “Carter catastrophe.”
ref: 2019, William Poundstone, The Doomsday Calculation […] , Little, Brown, →ISBN:
text: Now liberal cultural power has increased, the ACLU doesn’t seem very interested in the liberties of non-progressives anymore, and Dr. Seuss sells as pricey samizdat.
ref: 2021 March 7, Ross Douthat, “Do Liberals Care if Books Disappear?”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 07 Mar 2021:
glosses: The secret copying and sharing of illegal publications, chiefly in the Soviet Union; underground publishing and its publications.
examples: text: In Poland, some samizdats are different: they are professionally produced and are sold for money. But the money that these Polish consumers pay for these illegal samizdats is not dissipated in the domain of individual or corporate profits, nor does it help support the government and its publishing monopoly. The money acquired through sales is used for – and this the consumer is well aware of – the advancement of the Solidarity movement.
ref: 1986, The Portable Lower East Side, [New York, N.Y.]: [The Portable Lower East Side], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:
text: Journals which once would have circulated, if at all, as underground samizdaty, those involved risking years in a labour camp, now carry the name, address and phone number of the editor.
ref: 1990 April–June, Steve Brady, “Russia Today: At the Crossroads”, in Steve Brady, editor, Vanguard, number 30, Hove, East Sussex, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4, column 1:
text: The books of [Aleksandr] Solzhenitsyn and the recollections of Evgeny^([sic]) Ginsburg and Varlam Shalamoff were reprinted and broadly circulated in samizdaty.
ref: 1998, Irina Sherbakova, “The Gulag in memory”, in Robert Perks, Alistair Thomson, editors, The Oral History Reader, London; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, part III (Advocacy and empowerment), page 238:
text: What seems to be growing more pronounced is the time lag between open criticism, often via the Internet, and the state’s crackdown. Each case generates both more publicity and more impact: chat rooms, blogs, and electronic bulletin boards are becoming the new samizdaty.
ref: 2005 January–February, Mary E[lizabeth] Gallagher, “China in 2004: Stability above All”, in Asian Survey […], volume XLV, number 1, Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 28:
text: Samizdats were unauthorized books reproduced with a typewriter and as many as seven carbon copies. They were the product of the country's artistic elite and were critical of the government. Possession of, writing, or typing a samizdat could and occasionally did result in arrest and the perpetrator being sentenced to a gulag. This was mostly an illusion. The writers and distributors of samizdats were seldom at risk after the death of Stalin.
ref: 2009, W[illiam] R. Clement, “Culture in Hyperspace: This is Not a Computer Game”, in Quantum Jump: A Survival Guide for the New Renaissance, Toronto: Insomniac Press, →ISBN, page 257:
text: The fact that samizdat/tamizdat were written symbols of the human suffering in the Eastern bloc encouraged a less critical and often naive reading of the texts both then and now. Thus, we hope here to critically view some of the inherent dangers of samizdat/tamizdat publication, without diminishing its relevance as visualizations of human experience.
ref: 2013, Friederike Kind-Kovács, Jessie Labov, “Introduction: Samizdat and Tamizdat”, in Friederike Kind-Kovács, Jessie Labov, editors, Samizdat, Tamizdat, and Beyond: Transnational Media during and after Socialism (Studies in Contemporary European History; 13), New York, N.Y.: Berghahn Books, →ISBN, page 3:
text: This was the first time she was reading it, for she'd never managed to get a samizdat copy in Moscow.
ref: 2015, Rosemary Sullivan, Stalin's Daughter, →ISBN, page 305:
text: The project will present the collective and individual practices of the main participants of the art group - painting, texts, samizdaty, video documentation of exhibitions and performances, as well as photographs from the archives of artists.
ref: 2020, “POPTRANS. Remote vision”, in Mystetskyi Arsenal, Kyiv: Mystetskyi Arsenal, archived from the original on 01 Oct 2020:
glosses: A samizdat publication.
Synonyms: samvydav
zine
Related terms: samizdatchik
tamizdat
booklegging