cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
levying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: levyings
Senses: examples: levyings of war
glosses: The act by which something is levied.
bundled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: arranged in a bundle.
Derived terms: nonbundled
bundled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bundle
lurched
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɜː(ɹ)tʃt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of lurch
lurches
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lurch
lurches
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of lurch
thumped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of thump
delish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈlɪʃ/
ipa: /diːˈlɪʃ/
rhymes: -ɪʃ
Forms: form: more delish
form: most delish
Etymology: Clipping of delicious.
Senses: examples: text: Not that I want to rush you, but that'd be simply delish!
ref: 1956, Julian Maclaren-Ross, The Funny Bone, page 36:
text: Delish! I tried some crackers loaded with cheese and pâté. Double delish!
ref: 1997, James Grippando, The Informant, page 239:
text: "Ummm. Sounds delish." I don't know what to say; this is what comes out. "Yes, delish."
ref: 2000, Kathryn Glasgow Stern, Another Song about the King: A Novel, page 262:
text: Tom Aikens is the name of the notorious kitchen firebrand who runs this wonderful modern European restaurant where the setting is handsome and the food delish.
ref: 2007, David Else, England, page 144:
glosses: Delicious.
bobbed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The demand for special combs for bobbed hair […]
ref: 1925, Plastics and Molded Products, page 49:
text: In a typical example from 1924, the BIZ published a photograph of a young, bobbed woman wearing an oversized bow tie and neat mustache, accompanied by the “horrific news” from a North American fashion guru that “[w]hen one does not permit hair to flourish on the head, it will grow on the face and body. The ladies will grow mustaches.”
ref: 2011, Katie Sutton, The Masculine Woman in Weimar Germany, Berghahn Books, →ISBN, page 30:
text: That morning, as she was rushing past them after the first dive, the silver-bobbed woman had yelled, “We're not going anywhere. See you tonight at 6:45.”
ref: 2019, Angie Kim, Miracle Creek, New York, N.Y.: Sarah Crichton Books, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN:
glosses: Having a bob haircut.
Derived terms: bobbed wire
unbobbed
bobbed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bob
rambled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of ramble
bristled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From Middle English bristled, ibrustled, iburstled, equivalent to bristle + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bristle
bristled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bristled
form: most bristled
Etymology: From Middle English bristled, ibrustled, iburstled, equivalent to bristle + -ed.
Senses: glosses: Having bristles
Derived terms: unbristled
jogged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of jog
Derived terms: unjogged
outwitted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of outwit
freighted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɹeɪtɪd/
Forms: form: more freighted
form: most freighted
Etymology: From freight + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: The purple silk curtains excluded the night-dews, while they allowed the air to enter freighted with odours from the orange trees on the terrace below.
ref: 1832, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Heath's Book of Beauty, 1833, The Enchantress, page 30:
text: On hearing of this determination, Mr. [John Jacob] Astor immediately proceeded to fit out a ship called the Enterprise, to sail in company with the Adams, freighted with additional supplies and reinforcements for Astoria.
ref: 1836 October, Washington Irving, chapter XXV, in Astoria, or Anecdotes of an Enterprise beyond the Rocky Mountains. […], volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: [Henry Charles] Carey, [Isaac] Lea, & Blanchard, →OCLC, page 217:
text: Everything I did seemed awkward to me, and everything I said sounded freighted with hidden meaning.
ref: 1957, James Baldwin, “Sonny’s Blues”, in Going to Meet the Man, Dial, published 1965:
text: 'Identity' is a freighted term to use in a philosophical context.
ref: 2002, Keith Graham, Practical Reasoning in a Social World:
text: It will also consider problems of periodization, a freighted issue in the case of Russia, in part because there the conclusion of peace did not mark the end of armed conflict.
ref: 2009, Abbott Gleason, A Companion to Russian History:
text: In the process, I hope to illuminate the myriad, rather than singular, forms of sexuality and eroticism that have in fact always traversed these politically freighted, ideologically constructed divides from a number of directions.
ref: 2014, Joseph A. Boone, The Homoerotics of Orientalism:
text: English National Opera is a title freighted with implications, and that first adjective promises not only a geographical reach, but a linguistic commitment too.
ref: 2014 March 1, Rupert Christiansen, “English translations rarely sing”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), page R19:
synonyms: fraught#Adjective
antonyms: unfraught
unfreighted
glosses: Loaded with cargo; charged.
Derived terms: overfreighted
unfreighted
freighted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɹeɪtɪd/
Etymology: From freight + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of freight
embalmed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of embalm
loaned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of loan
Derived terms: unloaned
affianced
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of affiance
affianced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Their relationship, closeted because Wani is nominally affianced, isn't the only secret they share: Wani has introduced Nick to cocaine, a different line of beauty and emblematic of the perilous gratifications the 1980's have seemingly underwritten.
ref: 2004 October 31, Anthony Quinn, “'The Line of Beauty': The Last Good Summer”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: engaged; betrothed
Derived terms: unaffianced
frighted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of fright
Derived terms: unfrighted
ill-prepared
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more ill-prepared
form: most ill-prepared
Etymology: From ill + prepared.
Senses: examples: text: He was ill-prepared for the exam. I'm not surprised he failed.
text: The colonists, many of them gentlemen ill-prepared to be settlers, achieved failure at almost everything they tried.
ref: 2006, William M Kelso, Jamestown - The Buried Truth:
glosses: Not well prepared. Not ready, or not in condition to do a task.
lacrimate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: lacrimates
form: lacrimating
form: lacrimated
form: lacrimated
Etymology: From Latin lacrimāt-, past participial stem of lacrimō.
Senses: examples: text: In man there is the added ability to weep, or lacrimate, which is an excessive outpouring of the lacrimal gland.
ref: 1962, William K[irk] McEwen, “Anatomical Aspects of Tear Secretion”, in Hugh Davson, editor, The Eye, volume 3 (Muscular Mechanisms), New York, N.Y.; London: Academic Press, published 1966 (2nd printing), →LCCN, part III, chapter 10 (Secretion of Tears and Blinking), page 272:
text: We present the first unequivocal evidence that crocodilians lacrimate during meals and that they do so in a peculiar fashion.
ref: 2007 July, D[avid] Malcolm Shaner, Kent A[llen] Vliet, “Crocodile Tears: And thei eten hem wepynge”, in BioScience, volume 57, number 7, Herndon, Va.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 615:
text: These symptoms intensify over the next 12 h, during which time she has a runny nose, is lacrimating, and has uncontrollable yawning and intensification of muscle cramping and jerking.
ref: 2015, “CNS Drug List and Practice Questions”, in USMLE Step 1 Pharmacology Lecture Notes 2015, New York, N.Y.: Kaplan Medical, →ISBN, section IV (CNS Pharmacology), page 167:
glosses: Alternative form of lachrymate.
lacrimate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more lacrimate
form: most lacrimate
Etymology: From Latin lacrima + -ate (adjectival suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Adult shell ca 40 mm in height, thin, fragile; spire elevated, concave, sutures shallow; columella strongly plaited; aperture broadly lacrimate.....
ref: 1968, Willard Nelson Harman, The Distribution and Ecology of the Aquatic Gastropoda of Central New York […], Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University, →OCLC, page 55:
text: Near the middle of the anterior reproductive organ mass, the hermaphroditic duct gives off a short duct that reflects posteriorly and enlarges into a lacrimate ampulla (Fig. 4) in which endogenous sperm are presumably stored (Beeman, 1970a, b; Ghiselin, 1966).
ref: 1984 December, Brian R. Rivest, “Copulation by Hypodermic Injection in the Nudibranchs Palio zosterae and P. dubia (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia)”, in Charles B. Metz, editor, The Biological Bulletin, Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 548:
text: Unicellate smooth-walled fungal spores, mostly medium-sized, spatulate to lacrimate, rarely approaching elliptical; […]
ref: 2000, J. Jansonius, R. M. Kalgutkar, “Redescription of Some Fossil Fungal Spores”, in Palynology, volume 24, number 1, Austin, Tex.: American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 37–47:
glosses: Alternative form of lachrymate.
out of condition
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: If you don't keep doing excercise in summer, you will find you are out of condition when the new season starts.
glosses: Not fit. Not healthy enough to do any hard, physical work or sport.
Synonyms: unfit
in condition
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Etymology: Ellipsis of in a good or appropriate condition.
Senses: examples: text: I was not yet in condition, according to the doctors.
synonyms: out of the woods
glosses: Fit, healthy.
raw_tags: of a person
examples: text: He was getting in condition for the race.
text: The car is in condition to win the race.
glosses: In a state suitable for an intended task.
Synonyms: fit
Related terms: into condition
sanza
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsænzə/
Forms: form: sanzas
Senses: examples: text: Sanza making is not at all specialized; anyone who wants to play the sanza makes their own. This xylophone is an instrument whose use crosses ethnic groups; one variation of it is known as the balafon.
ref: 2015, Toyin Falola, Daniel Jean-Jacques, editors, Africa: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society, ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 217:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Any type of mbira (thumb piano, a plucked lamellophone) of Southern African origin.
sansa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sansas
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The mbira or thumb piano.
lamellophone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lamellophones
form: lamellaphone
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
synonyms: linguaphone
glosses: Any of several musical instruments (percussion idiophones) in which the sound is produced by plucking a series of thin lamellae attached to a sounding board.
in front
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: The leader, Jones, is well in front.
text: Hughes is in front of Smith, but behind Jackson.
text: I wasn't concentrating, and I crashed into the car in front.
glosses: In the position ahead. Often with of.
examples: text: Put your hands in front of you, on the desk.
glosses: In the position where it can be seen.
examples: text: Sit in front of the computer.
glosses: In the position opposite.
examples: text: Put your book in front where it will be easier to reach.
glosses: In the position nearest.
examples: text: This car will seat two people in front and three in the back.
text: The one with a garden in front (that is, at the front of it).
glosses: In the most forward position.
Derived terms: in front of
crackled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of crackle
crackled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: qualifier: pottery
glosses: Having a crackle, or glaze resembling many small cracks.
examples: text: With a crackled voice, she yells out, “Who's there?!”
ref: 2020, Ena Kosmo, Quinn's Reality:
glosses: Having a crackling sound.
resenting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of resent
purring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of purr
purring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: purrings
Senses: examples: text: Kenny G is a dull but wickedly consistent musician: automatic with his tremulous phrasing and canned licks, which formed fast, organized roils during his unaccompanied solos; melismatic purrings of the melody on ballads; and gospel phrases in R&B songs.
ref: 2008 February 14, Ben Ratliff, “Upholding the Standards of Smooth Jazz Purists”, in New York Times:
glosses: A sound that purrs.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Synonym of shin-kicking.
synonyms: word: shin-kicking
arching
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of arch
arching
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: archings
Senses: topics: architecture
glosses: The arched part of a structure.
arching
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: hogging, as opposed to sagging
glosses: Forming an arch.
Derived terms: uparching
yelping
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɛlpɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlpɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English yelpinge, from Old English ġilping; equivalent to yelp + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of yelp
yelping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɛlpɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlpɪŋ
Forms: form: yelpings
Etymology: From Middle English yelpinge, from Old English ġilping; equivalent to yelp + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: […] While still a pup, / You put him in a sack, then beat it / With a stick. When howls and yelpings die, / You send the houseboi out to set him free.
ref: 1969, Louis Johnson, “The Way to Train a Dog” (poem), reprinted in Louis Johnson (poet), Terry Sturm (editor), Selected Poems, Victoria University Press (2000), page 101
text: the frenzied yelpings of the huntsman's dogs
glosses: The act of producing a yelp.
ennobling
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more ennobling
form: most ennobling
Senses: examples: text: Some of the learned, devoting themselves entirely to criticism, chronology, or philology, remain absolute strangers to the more ennobling sciences.
ref: 1755, P. Shaw, Man, a paper for ennobling the species:
text: He checks criticism by multiplying the cause for embarrassment and taking it on himself; and this brings the act into the structure of an ennobling chivalric deed.
ref: 2010, C. Stephen Jaeger, Ennobling Love: In Search of a Lost Sensibility, page 140:
text: It is not a very ennobling voice, the voice of Worldly Prudence; but it is, perhaps, none the less practically influential on that account.
ref: 2012, Jerome Klapka, Carolyn Oulton, Weeds, page 53:
glosses: Acting or tending to ennoble.
Derived terms: ennoblingly
unennobling
ennobling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of ennoble
ennobling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ennoblings
Senses: examples: text: They may think to improve the Scripture; but by their ennoblings they debase it, by their enrichings they impoverish it, by their enlargings they contract it.
ref: 1849, William Jay, Sermons:
glosses: An act of making noble.
posing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊzɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈpoʊzɪŋ/
rhymes: -əʊzɪŋ
Forms: form: more posing
form: most posing
Derived terms: posingly
posing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊzɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈpoʊzɪŋ/
rhymes: -əʊzɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of pose
posing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊzɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈpoʊzɪŋ/
rhymes: -əʊzɪŋ
Forms: form: posings
Senses: examples: different posings of what was essentially the same question
glosses: The act by which something is posed.
examples: text: However much the Ghanaian masses warmed to the traditional pomp and circumstance of his occasional public appearances, members of the elite did not take Nkrumah's posings as a national chief seriously.
ref: 1978, Norman W. Provizer, Analyzing the Third World: Essays from Comparative Politics:
glosses: The act of one who poses or postures.
glosses: The act of portraying oneself artificially, usually to make oneself appear grander or to fit in with the crowd; pretense
Derived terms: posing pouch
posing strap
power posing
wearying
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of weary
wearying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: wearyings
Senses: examples: text: Despite vigils and their wearyings, they love the stir and movement of that sunny period when my lady's diamonds emerge from their morocco cases, and every day brings home some new dress, bonnet, or cap, […]
ref: 1841, Bentley's Miscellany, volume 8, page 159:
glosses: The process of making weary.
catted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of cat
catting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ætɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of cat
skirmishing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of skirmish
skirmishing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: skirmishings
Senses: glosses: A brief battle; a skirmish.
nettled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of nettle
nettled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more nettled
form: most nettled
Senses: examples: text: Mrs Fitzpatrick was a little nettled at this; and indeed, if it may not be called a lapse of the tongue, it was a small deviation from politeness in Jones, and into which he scarce would have fallen, had not the delight he felt in praising Sophia hurried him out of all reflection; for this commendation of one cousin was more than a tacit rebuke on the other.
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
glosses: annoyed; offended
Derived terms: unnettled
scrubbed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From scrub + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of scrub
scrubbed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more scrubbed
form: most scrubbed
Etymology: From scrub + -ed.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: With hands washed according to operating room protocol and wearing sterile gown and sterile gloves.
glosses: Dwarfed or stunted; scrubby.
glosses: That which has has an instance of to scrub applied
glosses: That which has has an instance of to scrub applied
That which has had a scrubbing
glosses: That which has has an instance of to scrub applied
That which has had a scrubbing
That which has has been cleaned
Related terms: scrub
scrubbing
bomb shelter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bomb shelters
Senses: glosses: An air-raid shelter, a structure designed to give protection against bombs.
Synonyms: air-raid shelter
bombproof
rudest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of rude: most rude
mildest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of mild: most mild
grossest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: It would be some advantage to live a primitive and frontier life, though in the midst of an outward civilisation, if only to learn what are the gross necessaries of life and what methods have been taken to obtain them; or even to look over the old day-books of the merchants, to see what it was that the men most commonly bought at the stores, what they stored, that is, what are the grossest groceries.
ref: 1854, Henry David Thoreau, Walden (1886 republication), chapter 1: “Economy”, page 10
glosses: superlative form of gross: most gross
grosser
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The young child's habits were much grosser than the others.
glosses: comparative form of gross: more gross
grosser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: grossers
Senses: examples: text: The cinema had shown all of the year's top grossers.
glosses: A film, etc. that grosses a certain amount of money.
unlovely
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: unlovelier
form: unloveliest
Etymology: From Middle English unlovely, onlovely, unlovelich, equivalent to un- + lovely.
Senses: examples: text: […] an ocean of dereliction, blackened tenements, public drunkenness, dozens of unlovely skyscrapers, featureless housing schemes. It was as if this was all that Glasgow deserved. And yet the city still had a lot of bazazz.
ref: 1990, Seán Damer, Glasgow: Going for a Song, page 203:
text: Even today Lambeth is a singularly unlovely part of the British capital, jammed anonymously between the great fan of roads and railway lines that take commuters in and out of the city center from the southern counties.
ref: 2005, Simon Winchester, The Professor and the Madman, HarperCollins, page 6:
text: Francis's own unlovely tunic, and that of his female colleague Clare, foundress of parallel communities for women, are lovingly preserved and displayed by the nuns of St Clare in Assisi […]
ref: 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 404:
glosses: unattractive, ugly
unlovely
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unlovelies
Etymology: From Middle English unlovely, onlovely, unlovelich, equivalent to un- + lovely.
Senses: examples: text: 1982, United Press International, "Clearly, an ugly dog", 2 August.
A hairless runt of a mutt named Chi-chi defeated them all in the 13th annual Ugliest Dog in the World contest: such unlovelies as the moth-eaten chow and the bulldog with a bad eye.
text: But the uptake of Irish studies by a range of migrant unlovelies clearly involves their expressing a quality of interest in the subject distinguishable from the harmless "inherent interest" which she so values and which presumably is palpable to "anybody", other than them.
ref: 1997, Sabina Sharkey, “Irish Cultural Studies and the Politics of Irish Studies”, in Jim McGuigan, editor, Cultural Methodologies, SAGE, page 156:
text: Many intriguing unlovelies are found in “The Boxtrolls,” a new 3-D animated fable that lifts liberally from the sketches and dark sensibility of Alan Snow’s creepy-good children’s novel “Here Be Monsters.”
ref: 2014 September 25, Betsy Sharkey, “Review: Any way you slice it, ‘Boxtrolls’ is an unwieldy visual feast”, in Los Angeles Times:
glosses: An unattractive or ugly thing or person.
behoveth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: behooveth
Etymology: behove + -eth
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of behove
naturalized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: naturalised
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of naturalize
naturalized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: naturalised
Senses: examples: text: naturalized citizen
text: naturalized flora
coordinate_terms: alien
indigenous
native
foreign
glosses: Adopted; granted citizenship; belonging after being introduced.
Derived terms: nonnaturalized
unnaturalized
tremblingly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more tremblingly
form: most tremblingly
Etymology: From trembling (present participle of tremble) + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: [T]he sailors tremblingly / Call on the Twins of Jove with prayer and vow, / Gathered in fear upon the lofty prow, / And sacrifice with snow-white lambs, […]
ref: 1818 (date written), Percy Bysshe Shelley, “To Castor and Pollux”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], new edition, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1840, →OCLC, page 338, column 1:
text: Andrew, he said, was coming soon. Tremblingly she wondered when, and went to reread Palmer's letter, but though she had hidden it with her father's unread will, both were gone.
ref: 1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 279:
glosses: In a trembling manner.
demurred
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of demur
affordance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: affordances
Etymology: From afford + -ance; coined in 1977 by psychologist James J. Gibson, and adopted in 1988 by Donald Norman in the context of human-machine interaction.
Senses: examples: text: So an affordance cannot be measured as we measure in physics.
ref: 1979, James Gibson, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception, Theory of Affordances (section 8):
topics: computing
engineering
human-sciences
mathematics
mechanical-engineering
natural-sciences
philosophy
physical-sciences
psychology
robotics
sciences
glosses: Anything that is provided or furnished by an environment to an organism dwelling within it.
examples: text: Take for instance a paperback book. It has a wide variety of affordances including conveying a narrative story, weighing down papers in a windy office, swatting houseflies, etc. While these affordances are properties of the book, whether they are available depends on the context.
ref: 2022 May 4, Ryan Whalen, “Defining legal technology and its implications”, in International Journal of Law and Information Technology, volume 30, number 1, →DOI, pages 47–67:
qualifier: human-machine interaction
glosses: A potential transaction or operation that is made possible by a given object or environment; especially, one that is made easily discoverable.
examples: text: The grab handles on the edges of this image are affordances that the user can exploit to change the size of the image.
text: Affordances provide strong clues to the operations of things. Plates are for pushing. Knobs are for turning. Slots are for inserting things into. Balls are for throwing or bouncing. When affordances are taken advantage of, the user knows what to do by just looking: no pictures, label, or instruction is required.
ref: 1988, Donald A. Norman, “The Psychopathology of Everyday Things”, in The Design of Everyday Things, New York: Basic Books:
topics: computing
engineering
graphical-user-interface
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Any interactive control or component serving as a cue to the user to take some action.
Related terms: affordant
on a whim
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: Germany’s government said press freedom must not be switched “on and off on a whim” and Downing Street also raised concerns over the suspensions.
ref: 2022 December 16, Dan Milmo, Rowena Mason, Alex Hern, “Twitter’s suspension of journalists sets ‘dangerous precedent’, UN warns”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Without thinking seriously about the consequences.
Synonyms: on a lark
material conditional
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: material conditionals
Senses: examples: 'A ⊃ B' represents a material conditional.
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
synonyms: conditional
if-then statement
horseshoe conditional
material implication
Philonian conditional
antonyms: strict implication
hypernyms: logical connective
glosses: A type of conditional statement used in formal logic and defined as true whenever its antecedent is false or its consequent is true, and false when its antecedent is true and its consequent is false.
Related terms: entailment
microgroove
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: microgrooves
Etymology: From micro- + groove.
Senses: glosses: The long, spiral groove of a vinyl LP record
glosses: Any microscopic groove
bummed out
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bummed out
form: most bummed out
Senses: synonyms: word: miserable
word: unhappy
word: atrabiliary
word: atrabilious
word: blitheless
word: dispirited
word: blue
word: bummed out
word: chapfallen
word: cheerless
word: chopfallen
word: crestfallen
word: cut up
word: damp
word: dejected
word: depressed
word: despondent
word: disgruntled
word: disconsolate
word: disheartened
word: dismal
word: doleful
word: dolesome
word: down
word: down in the dumps
word: down in the mouth
word: downcast
word: downhearted
word: downsome
word: dull
word: elegiac
word: elegious
word: forlorn
word: gloomy
word: glum
word: grief-stricken
word: grieving
word: heavy-hearted
word: heartsore
word: heartsick
word: inconsolable
word: infelicitous
word: jawfallen
word: joyless
word: lachrymose
word: lamentful
word: low
word: low-spirited
word: lugubrious
word: lumpish
word: melancholic
word: melancholy
word: miserable
word: moody
word: mopey
word: morose
word: mournful
word: passionate
word: plaintive
word: querulous
word: sad
word: saddened
word: saturnine
word: shattered
word: solemn
word: sombre
word: sorrowful
word: sorrow-ridden
word: sorrowsome
word: spiritless
word: sullen
word: threnetic
word: threnetical
word: triste
word: tristful
word: uncheerful
word: uncheery
word: unconsolable
word: unhappy
word: unlively
word: wistful
word: woe
word: woebegone
word: woeful
word: wretched
glosses: Depressed, disappointed, in a gloomy mood.
bummed out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bum out
micromanagement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: micro-management
Etymology: From micro- + management.
Senses: glosses: The direct management of a project, etc. to an excessive degree, with too much attention to detail and insufficient delegation.
topics: games
gaming
antonyms: macromanagement
glosses: The management of short-term or small-scale aspects of a strategy game.
mistime
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /mɪsˈtaɪm/
Forms: form: mistimes
form: mistiming
form: mistimed
form: mistimed
Etymology: From mis- + time.
Senses: examples: text: I mistimed my leap and fell flat on my face.
glosses: To perform an action at the wrong time; especially to misjudge the timing of coordinated events.
mistimed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mis- + timed.
Senses: examples: text: My mistimed leap was declared a false start since I leaped before the gun.
text: While ostensibly a novel of first love and loss, Unusual Company may more fittingly be described as a tale of estrangement, of wary and mistimed passion.
ref: 1987 December 13, Elizaeth Pincus, “Gritty Love”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 22, page 9:
glosses: Done at the wrong time.
Synonyms: ill-timed
inopportune
untimely
mistimed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From mis- + timed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of mistime
steadfaster
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: He was a man witty and manful ; a truer man, nor steadfaster, for constancy, fidelity, and love, left he none in Ireland.
ref: 1878, Alfred Webb, A Compendium of Irish Biography: Comprising Sketches of Distinguished Irishmen, and of Eminent, M.H. Gill & son, page 179:
text: God knows that never a shipwrecked eye kept a steadfaster look-out for vessels than I did
ref: 1889, W. Clark Russel, chapter XXX, in MacMillan's Magazine: Marooned, page 254:
text: The more he tries, the steadfaster shall I stand.
ref: 1907, Eden Phillpotts, The Whirlwind, McClure, Phillips, page 276:
glosses: comparative form of steadfast: more steadfast
dumbest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of dumb: most dumb
dumber
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of dumb: more dumb
original sin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: original sins
Etymology: Calque of Latin peccātum orīgināle, a phrase used by 4th-century Berber theologian and saint Augustine of Hippo in his interpretations of the Bible.
Senses: topics: Christianity
glosses: Adam's disobedience to God.
examples: text: I vvas baptized in thy Cordiall vvater, againſt Original ſinne, and I haue drunke of thy Cordiall Blood, for my recouerie, from actuall, and habituall ſinne, in the other Sacrament.
ref: 1624, John Donne, “11. Prayer.”, in Deuotions upon Emergent Occasions, and Seuerall Steps in My Sicknes: […], London: […] A[ugustine] M[atthews] for Thomas Iones, →OCLC, pages 280–281:
text: You have to give director Colm McCarthy, a Scottish TV veteran making his feature film debut, and writer Mike Carey, adapting his own novel, credit for attempting the seemingly impossible task of doing something new with the zombie subgenre. And by blending it with the common YA trope of a young female protagonist who leads the world into a new revolutionary era, they almost get there—largely thanks to newcomer Nanua, who presents her character’s grappling with complex themes of identity and original sin with a childlike guilelessness.
ref: 2017 February 23, Katie Rife, “The Girl With All The Gifts tries to put a fresh spin on overripe zombie clichés”, in The Onion AV Club:
topics: Christianity
glosses: The state of sinfulness, present in each human from birth, which is a result of Adam's disobedience.
examples: text: The dim-wits hardly realize that they come pretty close to accusing God of advocating ritual murder, when they use the Biblical story to prove the “original sin” of the Jews.
ref: 1970, Morris Kominsky, chapter II, in The Hoaxers: Plain Liars, Fancy Liars, and Damned Liars, volume I, Boston: Branden Press, Inc., 8283-1288-5, page 191:
glosses: The misdeed partially or entirely responsible for all of the similar ones after it.
Derived terms: original antigenic sin
tits-up
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The bird went tits-up, take another day or so to fix.
ref: 1987, Tom Clancy, Patriot Games, Putnam, page 197:
text: Maybe she knows you and Mary will be taking her home, and that by next week she'll be sleeping under the cool green branches of a giant cedar tree instead of tits-up in some dusty cornfield.
ref: 1998, Anna Linzer, Ghost Dancing, Picador, page 39:
text: Next thing he remembered was blanking out, and waking to find himself tits-up in the S&P pit, a forest of undulating legs roiling around him.
ref: 1999, Stephen Rhodes, The Velocity of Money: A Novel of Wall Street, HarperCollins Publishers Inc., page 253:
text: Yeomanry . . . militia forces. . . do I not make major-general by this time next year, I've either gone tits-up. . . or wasn't really tryin'!
ref: 2000, Dewey Lambdin, King's Captain: An Alan Lewrie Naval Adventure, St. Martin's Press, page 66:
text: The two women were naked except for their wigs and their gartered stockings. They both lay tits-up on the floor, facing André and Clinton.
ref: 2005, Lucia St. Clair Robson, Shadow Patriots, Tor/Forge, page 215:
text: Mary said that seventy percent of new businesses failed within the first six months. Another twenty percent went tits-up within the year.
ref: 2005, Bill Fitzhugh, Pest Control, HarperCollins, page 46:
glosses: Alternative form of tits up.
middlemost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: middlest
Etymology: From middle + -most.
Senses: glosses: superlative form of middle: most middle; nearest to the exact middle; midmost.
middle-of-the-roader
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: middle-of-the-roaders
Etymology: From middle-of-the-road + -er.
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of middleoftheroader.
middleoftheroader
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: middleoftheroaders
form: middle-of-the-roader
Etymology: From middle-of-the-road + -er.
Senses: synonyms: middle-roader
glosses: A person with middle-of-the-road attitudes or tastes
middle-sized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: They came from all directions, and there were thousands of them: big mice and little mice and middle-sized mice; […]
ref: 1900 May 17, L[yman] Frank Baum, “The Queen of the Field Mice”, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Geo[rge] M[elvin] Hill Co., →OCLC, page 103:
glosses: Of a medium size
middleweight
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: middleweights
Etymology: From middle + weight.
Senses: glosses: A weight class in professional boxing between light middleweight or welterweight and super middleweight or cruiserweight; a similar division in wrestling and other sports
glosses: A boxer who fights in this division; a similar wrestler etc
examples: text: This would give the U.S. Army five parachute-capable brigades, or two "middleweight" infantry brigades, or six light infantry brigades, or six airmobile brigades in only two multicapable divisions.
ref: 1993, United States Army Combat Forces Journal:
text: In Ukraine, jaeger brigades are middleweight infantry—neither as light as territorial brigades, which generally lack tracked vehicles, nor as heavy as tank or mechanized brigades with their hundreds of tanks and fighting vehicles.
ref: 2022 December 26, The Ukrainian Army’s Jaeger Brigades Are Its Middleweight Forest Troops, in Forbes (Business - Aerospace & Defense)
glosses: A class in between heavy and light.
examples: text: And it's interesting because in a way they're much more of a design company, and they've got their juniors and their seniors and their middleweights and all this stuff.
ref: 2009, Guy Julier, Liz Moor, Design and Creativity: Policy, Management and Practice:
topics: business
glosses: An employee ranking anywhere between junior and senior.
Derived terms: middleweight spaceship
midmost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɪdməʊst/
ipa: /ˈmɪdmoʊst/
Etymology: From Old English medemest, superlative of medeme (“middling”), from Proto-Germanic *medumô; the word may be analysed as mid + -most.
Senses: examples: text: When life had labour'd up her midmoſt ſtage, / And, weary with her mortal pilgrimage, / Stood in ſuſpenſe upon the point of Prime; [...]
ref: 1802, Dante Alighieri, “Canto I”, in Henry Boyd, transl., The Divina Commedia of Dante Alighieri: Consisting of the Inferno—Purgatorio—and Paradiso. Translated into English Verse, […] In Three Volumes, volume I (Inferno), London: Printed by A[ndrew] Strahan, […]; for T[homas] Cadell, Jun. and W[illiam] Davies, […], →OCLC, stanza I, page 93:
text: A wide half-circle of foam and glinting lights and shining shoulders of green water, the great weir closed the backwater from bank to bank, troubled all the quiet surface with twirling eddies and floating foam-streaks, and deadened all other sounds with its solemn and soothing rumble. In midmost of the stream, embraced in the weir's shimmering arm-spread, a small island lay anchored, fringed close with willow and silver birch and alder.
ref: 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC:
glosses: superlative form of mid: most mid; in the exact middle, or nearest to the exact middle; middlemost.
midsize
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of mid-size.
midsize
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: midsizes
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of mid-size.
mid-size
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: midsize
Senses: synonyms: midsized
glosses: Of intermediate size.
mid-size
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mid-sizes
form: midsize
Senses: examples: text: When Pontiac dropped a 389 into the intermediate Tempest and called it the GTO, the muscle car tide began turning from big bodies to lighter, more nimble midsizes.
ref: 2018, Donald Farr, The Complete Book of Classic Ford and Mercury Muscle Cars: 1961-1973:
glosses: A car of intermediate size.
midstream
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: midstreams
Etymology: From mid- + stream.
Senses: glosses: The middle of a stream or river.
Derived terms: change horses in midstream
swap horses in midstream
midstream
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From mid- + stream.
Senses: examples: text: But it was in the middle of this process that he had met Ms. Lukoji, and he opted not to change his application midstream to take his marriage into account.
ref: 2018 January 19, Matt Katz, “Leaving Africa, and Living in Limbo”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Unlike film, theater and TV, the book world didn’t get interrupted midstream.
ref: 2020 November 19, Natasha Frost, “Covid-19, Boris Johnson, U.S. Troops: Your Thursday Briefing”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: in midstream, abruptly
midtown
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: midtowns
Etymology: From mid- + town.
Senses: glosses: The part of a city between uptown and downtown
Derived terms: midtowner
Related terms: Middleton
Midtown
midyear
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: midyears
Etymology: From mid- + year.
Senses: glosses: The middle part of a year.
glosses: An examination taken in the middle part of an academic year.
mind-read
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: mind-reads
form: mind-reading
form: mind-read
form: mind-read
form: mind read
Senses: glosses: To discern, or appear to discern, someone's thoughts.
Related terms: mind-reader
telepathy
minor-league
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to a minor league
glosses: Of relatively minor importance
alienans
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪli.ənænz/
Etymology: From Latin aliēnāns, present active participle of aliēnō (“make something another's”), from aliēnus (“another's, foreign”).
Senses: examples: text: The newspaper never called him "the murderer", always "the alleged murderer", but the alienans adjective didn't help very much: the word "murderer" is all people saw.
text: Because a "decoy duck" is not a duck, "decoy" is an alienans adjective.
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
qualifier: especially an adjective
glosses: Negating, denying, modifying, or casting doubt on the applicability of its modificand.
raw_tags: of a grammatical modifier
alienans
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪli.ənænz/
Etymology: From Latin aliēnāns, present active participle of aliēnō (“make something another's”), from aliēnus (“another's, foreign”).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: An alienans adjective.
Related terms: modal
modality
global image
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: global images
Senses: glosses: An image or brand (typically a corporate one) created for an international audience.
limbi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of limbus
hooie
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Etymology: Compare German hui. See hooey for more.
Senses: examples: text: I am all done. Hooie!
glosses: An expression of relief.
hooie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Compare German hui. See hooey for more.
Senses: examples: text: You're full of hooie.
text: That's a bunch of hooie.
glosses: Alternative form of hooey.
mucotomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mucotomies
Etymology: From muco- + -tomy.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A surgical procedure of excising the mucous membrane.
Yatish
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: "Yatish" means "master of all saints" according to Hindu books.
Senses: glosses: A male given name from India.
proliferative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more proliferative
form: most proliferative
Etymology: From proliferate + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: ...stem cells may thus lose some of their proliferative potential and thus 'age'...
ref: 1988, Nydia G. Testa, Robert Peter Gale, Hematopoiesis: Long-Term Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiation, Informa Health Care, →ISBN, page 327:
text: cultures of cells may be considered to have reached the end of their proliferative lifespan when the cell number fails to double.
ref: 2000, Yvonne A., Christopher R. Barnett, Aging: Methods and Protocols, Humana Press, →ISBN, page 40:
text: We conclude that aneuploidy causes not only a proliferative disadvantage but also a set of phenotypes...
ref: 2007, Eduardo M. Torres et al., “Effects of Aneuploidy on Cellular Physiology and Cell Division in Haploid Yeast”, in Science 317, (5840), 904, page 916:
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to proliferation, especially of cells.
examples: text: ...they give rise to a progressive, proliferative, chronic arthritis.
ref: 1940, Albert B. Sabin and Joel Warren, "The Curative Effect of Certain Gold Compounds on Experimental Proliferative, Chronic Arthritis in Mice," Journal of Bacteriology 40(6)
glosses: Proliferating; tending to proliferate.
Derived terms: alloproliferative
angioproliferative
antiproliferative
autoproliferative
cytoproliferative
endoproliferative
fibroproliferative
hematoproliferative
hepatoproliferative
hyperproliferative
hypoproliferative
immunoproliferative
lymphoproliferative
membranoproliferative
mesangioproliferative
myeloproliferative
neoproliferative
neuroproliferative
nonproliferative
osteoproliferative
overproliferative
postproliferative
preproliferative
proliferatively
proproliferative
squamoproliferative
ulceroproliferative
vasculoproliferative
vasoproliferative
proliferative
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: proliferatives
Etymology: From proliferate + -ive.
Senses: glosses: Such a cell
Related terms: proliferational
caveats
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of caveat
caveats
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of caveat
battledress
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: battledresses
Etymology: From battle + dress.
Senses: glosses: A form of military uniform.
Derived terms: word: BD
word: BDU
khaki drill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: khaki drills
form: KD
Etymology: From khaki (the colour) + drill (“cotton fabric”).
Senses: glosses: A form of British military uniform made of cotton drill, often used in tropical service.
mintage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mintages
Etymology: From mint + -age.
Senses: glosses: The process of minting coins.
glosses: The batch of coins minted at one time.
glosses: Coins collectively; specie.
glosses: The fee paid to a mint.
mixed-up
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more mixed-up
form: most mixed-up
Senses: glosses: Mixed together in an uncertain manner
examples: text: […] with such expectations of gun violence, should it be any surprise that the expectations are obligingly met by mixed-up kids?
ref: 2001, New Statesman, volume 130, numbers 4519-4530, page 20:
glosses: Confused, muddled or bewildered
mix-up
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mix-ups
form: mixup
Senses: examples: text: Everton were, perhaps understandably, deflated at the setback and it was no surprise when Suarez added Liverpool's second after 82 minutes. Distin and Baines were involved in a mix-up as the Uruguayan advanced into the area, and he was not about to pass up the gift to shoot low past Howard.
ref: 2011 October 1, Phil McNulty, “Everton 0 - 2 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: A confusion, mistake, muddle or misunderstanding
Related terms: mix up