cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
armorial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɔːɹiəl
Forms: form: armorials
form: armoriall
form: armourial
Etymology: From armory + -al.
Senses: glosses: A book etc concerning heraldry, especially a collection of coats of arms.
Synonyms: roll of arms
armorial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔːɹiəl
Forms: form: armoriall
form: armourial
Etymology: From armor + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: Such a scene would have been depicted by the painters of that day, in the armorial suit of the Greeks and Romans. West's painting was highly approved, and the king is said to have required a copy. From this attempt is to be dated the reform ...
ref: 1854, Arthur's Home Magazine, page 72:
text: The guides point out to you a magnificent suit of equestrian armor,[...] Near it are two male figures of the youths, Henry and Charles, sons of Charles I, both clad in the armorial suits worn by these lads. The suits of armor worn by the figures generally, are not those of the persons whose names they bear, and serve but to indicate the style of the armour used in different periods.
ref: 1857, Warren Parsons Isham, Magazine of Travel, page 99:
glosses: In, or pertaining to, armor.
suk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: suks
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of souq.
antiquities
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ænˈtɪk.wɪ.tiːz/
Senses: glosses: plural of antiquity
aseptic technique
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the aseptic technique
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: The medical practice of maintaining sterility whenever addressing a wound or performing any kind of surgery, to prevent infection.
antisepsis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: antisepses
Etymology: From anti- + sepsis.
Senses: qualifier: hygiene
glosses: The science and practice of countering microbial infection, as with the use of antiseptics, and the use of aseptic technique.
examples: text: Pastes made with ordinary wheat flour are very liable to mould and while this tendency may be counteracted by addition of chemical preservatives, there is danger that such antisepses may not be healthful for the print itself.
ref: 1908, Columbia Photographic Society, Camera: a practical magazine for photographers, volume 12:
glosses: Any antiseptic agent.
antiserum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: antiserums
form: antisera
Etymology: From anti- + serum.
Senses: examples: text: The polyclonal antibodies that Protherics had developed were based on the long established process for making antiserum by raising and extracting antibodies from animals exposed to antigens, rather than through monoclonal antibody technology; […]
ref: 2016, Geoffrey Owen, Michael M. Hopkins, “Investors Retreat”, in Science, the State, and the City: Britain’s Struggle to Succeed in Biotechnology, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 97:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A serum prepared from human or animal sources containing antibodies able to counter certain diseases or toxins.
Hyponyms: word: antivenom
word: antitoxin
english: some antiserums
translation: some antiserums
word: antidote
antivenin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌæntɪˈvɛnɪn/
Forms: form: antivenins
form: anti-venin
Etymology: From French antivenin (“antivenom”), from anti- + venin (“venom”), popularized by Albert Calmette & al.'s 1894 work creating serums to treat snakebites. Equivalent to anti- + venin (“venom; biochemical toxin found in certain snakes”). Doublet of antivenom and antivenene.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Synonym of antivenom, (now) particularly for snakebites containing venin.
synonyms: word: antivenom
extra: (now) particularly for snakebites containing venin
wikipedia: Albert Calmette
sofa king
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsəʊfə kɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈsoʊfə kɪŋ/
Forms: form: Sofa King
Etymology: Punning form of so fucking.
Senses: examples: text: 1999, Diesel Boy, Sofa King Cool (album title).
text: Kirkman, Ottley, and Crabtree (aka K.O.C.), / Another great character development issue that was Sofa King great and effin’ good.
ref: 2006 November, Sophea, “Pen Pals”, in Robert Kirkman, Invincible, number 37, Image Comics, Inc.:
text: “I'm Sofa King lucky!” he thought, as he drifted off.
ref: 2010, Avram Mednick, Pattaya Hash:
text: So fucking beautiful, Jules kept saying and the dictator's grandson repeated after her, trying out the words. Sofa king beautiful, he chanted. Sofa king beautiful.
ref: 2010, Jenny Hollowell, Everything Lovely, Effortless, Safe, page 85:
text: “That is sofa king ridiculous, Mom.” “And don't 'sofa king' me, Keek. In the mood for this, I am not.”
ref: 2011, Arlaina Tibensky, And Then Things Fall Apart:
text: The Sofa King said the phrase "Where the Prices are Sofa King Low!" had been the firm's slogan since it began trading nine years ago
ref: 2012 February 29, “Sofa King ad banned in UK over F-bomb similarity”, in New York Post:
text: To me, this all seems sofa king stupid.
ref: 2012 March 1, Language Log:
text: N.Y. Knicks' Jeremy Lin: Dunks are Sofa King unexpected
ref: 2012, New Jersey Newsroom.com, February 10, 2012)
text: 2015, Spek Won, Sofa King Amazing (album title).
text: I like him so much it’s embarrassing. I am sitting in my cubicle beaming like an idiot even though I’m super hungover and my hair smells like smoke and I clearly didn’t shower before booking it into work. He is sofa king hot.
ref: 2019, Andrea Bartz, chapter 6, in The Lost Night, New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 91:
glosses: Very, extremely.
antlered
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From antler + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: Some are strangely detailed, like the hugely antlered white deer-creature-cum-forest-god seemingly stolen whole cloth from Princess Mononoke.
ref: 2012 May 31, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Review: Snow White And The Huntsman”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: Having antlers.
Derived terms: brow-antlered deer
apically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more apically
form: most apically
Etymology: From apical + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In an apical manner or direction; towards an apex.
Derived terms: endoapically
periapically
posteroapically
preapically
subapically
archetypal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑːkɪtaɪpəl/
ipa: /ˈɑɹkɪtaɪpəl/
Forms: form: more archetypal
form: most archetypal
Etymology: From archetype + -al.
Senses: examples: text: In 1928 [Martin] Heidegger succeeded [Edmund] Husserl to take a chair at Freiburg and in his inaugural lecture made a pronouncement that earned him a reputation as an archetypal metaphysician with his claim that our awareness of people as a whole depends on our experience of dread in the face of nothingness.
ref: 2014 April 12, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R11:
glosses: Of or pertaining to an archetype.
Synonyms: archetypic
archetypical
Derived terms: archetypally
nonarchetypal
edging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛd͡ʒ.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛdʒɪŋ
Senses: head_nr: 1
glosses: present participle and gerund of edge
edging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛd͡ʒ.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛdʒɪŋ
Forms: form: edgings
Senses: examples: text: The decorative edging around the door makes it easier to find in the dark.
text: A means was found, for example, of fitting rubber edging to the doors and still retaining the handle and door lock.
ref: 1951 March, “Reconstruction of London Transport Rolling Stock”, in Railway Magazine, page 160:
glosses: Anything that forms, defines, or marks the edge of something.
topics: climbing
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A technique involving the placement of the edge of the climbing shoe on a sharp hold.
glosses: The operation of shaping or dressing the edge of anything, as of a piece of metal.
glosses: The sexual technique of maintaining a high level of sexual arousal for an extended period of time without reaching orgasm.
Derived terms: Hamburg edging
archival
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɑːˈkaɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈɑːkɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ˌɑɹˈkaɪv(ə)l/
text: Audio (US)
rhymes: (one pronunciation) -aɪvəl
Etymology: The adjective is derived from archive (“place for storing earlier, and often historical, material; material so kept, considered as a whole”, noun) + -al (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives).
The noun is derived from archive (“to put (something) in an archive”, verb) + -al (suffix forming nouns, especially of verbal action).
Senses: examples: text: In archival photographs, these lost structures appear almost futuristic (even today) in the way they carried trains across deep ravines on slender, balanced combinations of wrought and cast iron.
ref: 2021 March 24, Joseph Brennan, “Metallic Marvels from Rail’s Iron Age”, in Rail, number 927, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 59:
glosses: Of or pertaining to an archive or archiving.
examples: text: archival boxes    archival paper
glosses: Of a material: having a quality suited to the conservational needs of archiving.
Derived terms: archivalism
archivally
archival science
nonarchival
prearchival
Related terms: archive
archivist
archivize
e-archive
national archive
archival
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɑːˈkaɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈɑːkɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ˌɑɹˈkaɪv(ə)l/
text: Audio (US)
rhymes: (one pronunciation) -aɪvəl
Forms: form: archivals
Etymology: The adjective is derived from archive (“place for storing earlier, and often historical, material; material so kept, considered as a whole”, noun) + -al (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives).
The noun is derived from archive (“to put (something) in an archive”, verb) + -al (suffix forming nouns, especially of verbal action).
Senses: examples: text: Our nightly computer backups include the archival of old e-mail messages.
synonyms: word: archivation
word: archivization
glosses: The practice of storing items in an archive; archiving; (countable) an instance of this.
archway
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑɹt͡ʃˌweɪ/
Forms: form: archways
Etymology: From arch + way.
Senses: glosses: A passageway covered by an arch, particularly one made of masonry.
examples: text: Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
glosses: A doorway with a semilunar-shaped top.
Derived terms: archwayed
arithmetical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin arithmēticus + -al; equivalent to arithmetic + -al.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to arithmetic, particularly the functions of arithmetic (noun; stress on the second syllable).
Synonyms: english: adjective; stress on the third syllable
translation: adjective; stress on the third syllable
word: arithmetic
Derived terms: arithmetical hierarchy
arithmetically
arithmetical progression
arithmetical set
hyperarithmetical
nonarithmetical
unarithmetical
arithmetical
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: arithmeticals
Etymology: From Latin arithmēticus + -al; equivalent to arithmetic + -al.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Synonym of arithmetic mean.
synonyms: word: arithmetic mean
arithmetician
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˌɹɪθməˈtɪʃ(ə)n/
Forms: form: arithmeticians
Etymology: From Middle French arithmeticien; equivalent to arithmetic + -ian.
Senses: examples: text: [F]or certes, ſayes he, / I haue already choſen my officer, and what was he? / Forſooth, a great Arithmeticion, [...]
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 1:
text: I haue read the truest computer of Times, and the best Arithmetician that euer breathed, and he reduceth thy dayes into a short number: The daies of Man are threescore and ten.
ref: 1613, Richard Brathwait, The Yong Mans Gleanings, page 1:
text: But I'll tell you one thing; it's a Question that would puzzle an Arithmetician, if you ſhould ask him, whether the Bible ſaves more Souls in Weſtminſter-Abby, or damns more in Weſtminſter-Hall: […]
ref: 1695, [William] Congreve, Love for Love: A Comedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act IV, scene vi, page 59:
text: Bonoro. What said he? / Tycho. That he would say but three words and follow me. I heard him say a hundred, and sing a thousand: Lovers are bad arithmeticians.
ref: 1774, David Garrick, A Christmas Tale, Part 2, Scene 1, page 13:
text: You talk of figures, now; you have only to say to Stelling, ‘I want my son to be a thorough arithmetician,’ and you may leave the rest to him.
ref: 1860, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “Mr Riley Gives His Advice Concerning a School for Tom”, in The Mill on the Floss […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book I (Boy and Girl), page 33:
glosses: One with expertise in arithmetic; a mathematician.
police force
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: police forces
Senses: examples: text: He joined the police force a long time ago, when he lived in Virginia.
topics: government
law-enforcement
synonyms: police department
police service
police
glosses: Any police organization; a constabulary.
Related terms: police department
police service
atria
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of atrium
atrial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪtɹi.əl/
Etymology: From atrium + -al.
Senses: examples: text: The most common type of irregular heartbeat is atrial fibrillation or AFib. It is estimated that between three and six million people in the United States have AFib.
ref: 2024 February 13, “Understanding Your Heart Rate”, in Emory Healthcare:
glosses: Of or pertaining to an atrium, especially the atrium of the heart.
Derived terms: atrial fibrillation
atrial natriuretic peptide
atrial tachycardia
biatrial
cavoatrial
interatrial
intra-atrial
intraatrial
intra-atrial conduction time
midatrial
nonatrial
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
periatrial
postatrial
preatrial
proatrial
sinoatrial
subatrial
transatrial
triatrial
uniatrial
venoatrial
ventriculoatrial
visceroatrial
attorney general
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: attorneys general
form: attorney generals
form: Attorney-General
form: attorney-general
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman and Law French, (modern French avocat général or procureur général), hence the unusual order of adjective following noun, instead of idiomatic English *general attorney. Compare court martial, notary public, secretary general, surgeon general.
Senses: examples: text: If you do wrongfully ſeize Herford's right,
 call in his Letters Patents that he hath
 By his Atturneyes generall, to ſue[…]
ref: 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 29, column 2:
synonyms: AG
Atty. Gen.
glosses: The chief legal advisor to the government, overseeing legal affairs and ensuring that laws are uniformly and justly applied.
wikipedia: Law French
Derived terms: private attorney general
Related terms: general counsel
secretary general
solicitor general
surgeon general
audiologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: audiologists
Etymology: From audiology + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A healthcare professional who diagnoses, treats and/or manages hearing and balance disorders.
Related terms: audiology
autobiographically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔː.təʊˌbaɪ.ə.ɡɹæf.ɪk.(ə)li/
Forms: form: more autobiographically
form: most autobiographically
Etymology: From autobiographical + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In an autobiographical manner.
agroterrorism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From agro- + terrorism.
Senses: glosses: Any act of terrorism designed to damage the agriculture of a state, especially by destroying crops or introducing pests or diseases.
Synonyms: bioterrorism
Related terms: agroterrorist
agroterrorist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: agroterrorists
Etymology: From agro- + terrorist.
Senses: glosses: a terrorist who employs agroterrorism
Related terms: agroterrorism
abdominoplasty
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /æbˈdɑm.ɪ.noʊˌplæs.ti/
Forms: form: abdominoplasties
Etymology: From abdomino- (“abdomen”) + -plasty (“plastic surgery”).
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: The surgical removal of excess flesh from the abdomen, usually for cosmetic reasons.
glosses: An instance of such surgery; one operation (procedure).
Synonyms: word: tummy tuck
Derived terms: abdominoplastic
Yogalates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Blend of yoga + Pilates, coined as a trademark.
Senses: glosses: A fitness technique that combines elements of yoga and Pilates.
blackfriars
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of blackfriar
blackfriars
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: qualifier: thieves' cant
glosses: look out; beware
Synonyms: cave
look out
watch it
or see Thesaurus:heads up
autoworker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: autoworkers
Etymology: From auto + worker.
Senses: examples: text: In the United States, the main autoworkers' union is the UAW, the United Auto Workers.
text: Though Davis hasn’t experienced the violence other campuses faced, Weintraut said UCD grad students stand in solidarity with UCLA, UCI and UCSD and chose to follow the stand-up strike strategy the UAW used to organize autoworkers.
ref: 2024 June 22, Monica Stark, “Grad students will strike at UCD next week”, in The Davis Enterprise:
glosses: Someone who works as an assembly line worker in an automobile assembly plant.
autocratically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔːt.əˌkɹæt.ɪk(.ə)liː/
Forms: form: more autocratically
form: most autocratically
Etymology: From autocratic + -ally.
Senses: glosses: In an autocratic manner.
Synonyms: arrogantly
dictatorially
despotically
egotistically
haughtily
high-handedly
unilaterally
willfully
autonomously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more autonomously
form: most autonomously
Etymology: From autonomous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Housed in a converted grocery store, the Academy Charter School is a new kind of public school that operates autonomously under state charter rather than under local school district control.
ref: 1994 December 10, Peter Applebome, “Some Educators See Experimental Hybrids As Country's Best Hope for Public Schools”, in The New York Times:
text: Nonetheless, Mr. Musk has often described the technology as if it could fully drive cars or was on its way to operating autonomously.
ref: 2023 January 31, Jack Ewing and Cade Metz, “Tesla’s Self-Driving Technology Comes Under Justice Dept. Scrutiny”, in The New York Times:
glosses: In an autonomous or self-governing manner.
Synonyms: independently
Derived terms: semiautonomously
nonautonomously
automate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔː.tə.meɪt/
ipa: /ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/
ipa: [ˈɔ.ɾəˌmeɪt]
ipa: /ˈɔ.toʊˌmeɪt/
ipa: [ˈɔ.ɾoʊˌmeɪt]
ipa: /ˈɑ.təˌmeɪt/
ipa: [ˈɑ.ɾəˌmeɪt]
ipa: /ˈɑ.toʊˌmeɪt/
ipa: [ˈɑ.ɾoʊˌmeɪt]
ipa: /ˈoː.tə.mæɪt/
ipa: [ˈoː.ɾə.mæɪt]
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: automates
form: automating
form: automated
form: automated
Etymology: Back-formation from automation
Senses: examples: text: Many offices still need to automate.
text: We saved time and money by automating the process.
text: In the early '60's a Yoyodyne executive living near L.A. and located someplace in the corporate root-system above supervisor but below vice-president, found himself, at age 39, automated out of a job.
ref: 1966 March, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 5, in The Crying of Lot 49, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, published November 1976, →ISBN, page 83:
glosses: To replace or enhance human labor with machines.
Synonyms: robotize
Derived terms: automatability
automatise
informate
semiautomate
Related terms: automat
automatable
automatic
automation
automatization
automatize
automaton
autoimmunity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: autoimmunities
Etymology: From auto- + immunity.
Senses: examples: text: This can be demonstrated in NOD mice in which a point mutation in the autoimmune regulator (Aire) gene results in the reduced expression of P0 in the thymus and a concomitant increase of P0 specific T cells in the periphery. 107 Similarly, autoimmunity is shifted towards the peripheral nerve in another NOD model deficient for isoforms of ICAM-1. 108 Altered expression of ICAM-1 on thymic epithelial cells transforms selection of T cells from a diabetogenic into a neuritogenic repertoire. 108 Studies such as these highlight the critical role of regulatory mechanisms in maintaining immune homeostasis and the impact that changes to regulation can have on the development of disease.
ref: 2015 February 12, Emily K Mathey et al., “Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy: from pathology to phenotype”, in Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, volume 86, →DOI:
text: Iberdomide, a cereblon modulator promoting degradation of the transcription factors Ikaros and Aiolos, which affect leukocyte development and autoimmunity, is being evaluated for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
ref: 2022 March 17, Joan T. Merrill, Victoria P. Werth, Richard Furie et al., “Phase 2 Trial of Iberdomide in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”, in The New England Journal of Medicine, volume 386, number 11, →DOI, page 1034:
topics: immunology
medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: The condition where one's immune system attacks one's own tissues, i.e., an autoimmune disorder.
Derived terms: polyautoimmunity
autoimmune
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɔːtəʊɪˈmjuːn/
Etymology: From auto- + immune.
Senses: examples: text: The massive usage of the same peptide blocks in microbial and human proteomes inficiates any causal relationship(s) between sharing of microbial amino acid motifs/structures and autoimmune reactions in humans.
ref: 2012 June 1, Darja Kanduc, “Peptide cross-reactivity: the original sin of vaccines”, in Frontiers in Bioscience: Scholar Edition, volume 4, number 4, IMR Press, →DOI, →PMID, page 1395:
text: Pinkett Smith has shared publicly that she has alopecia areata, addressing her and other patients’ experiences during her June 1 episode of “Red Table Talk,” her Facebook Watch show. Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss on the scalp and elsewhere, according to the National Alopecia Areata Foundation.
ref: 2022 June 1, Kristen Rogers, “What causes alopecia, a ‘devastating’ hair loss condition affecting Jada Pinkett Smith”, in CNN:
topics: immunology
medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to autoimmunity.
Derived terms: neuroautoimmune
nonautoimmune
Related terms: autoreactive
rets
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of ret
raps
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of rap
raps
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of rap
automaker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: automakers
Etymology: From auto + maker.
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: carmaker, truckmaker
text: With such competition looming, one might suppose that U.S. automakers would embrace tighter domestic efficiency requirements to help them gird for the challenge.
ref: 2004, Amory B. Lovins, E. Kyle Datta, Odd-Even Bustnes, Jonathan G. Koomey, Nathan J. Glasgow, Winning the Oil Endgame: Innovation for Profits, Jobs and Security, page 136:
text: By overpaying these engineers, the expenses of the domestic automakers went up as well.
ref: 2008, Brian Munroe, Car Buying Revealed: How to Buy a Car and Not Get Taken for a Ride, page 9:
text: Becoming president of the UAW when he did, Bieber inherited the task of organizing the plants that Japanese automakers and suppliers had begun building in America in the early 1980s to circumvent the “voluntary quotas” the Japanese government had placed on exports to the United States.
ref: 2008, Joseph J. Fucini, Working for the Japanese, page 14:
text: If Trump wants American automakers to sell more cars across the Atlantic, slapping tariffs on German cars wouldn't help get that done, experts say.
ref: 2018 May 31, Jackie Wattles, Charles Riley, “Why President Trump's obsession with German cars is misplaced”, in CNN Business, archived from the original on 04 Jun 2018:
text: For the whole year, the exotic automaker sold 7,430 cars and SUVs, down 9.5% compared to 2019. But the last quarter of 2020 was the best in the Italian supercar maker’s history and its order banks are already filled for the first nine months of 2021, Lamborghini CEO Stephan Winkelmann said.
ref: 2021 April 1, Peter Valdes-Dapena, “Sales of Bentleys and Lamborghinis are booming because rich people are bored”, in CNN, archived from the original on 24 Sep 2024:
hypernyms: manufacturer
coordinate_terms: carbuilder[phantonym]]>
glosses: A person or company that manufactures automobiles; usually used to refer to a large corporation such as General Motors, Toyota, and so on.
Related terms: automaking
Lucian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈluː.sɪən/
ipa: /ˈluː.ʃən/
ipa: /ˈljuː-/
rhymes: -uːʃən
Etymology: From Latin Lūcianus, either a derivative of the Roman praenomen Lūcius, from lūx (“light”); or from Ancient Greek Λουκιανός (Loukianós), of obscure meaning.
Senses: glosses: A sophist who was of Syrian origin.
glosses: A male given name from Latin, rare in the English-speaking world.
Samosata
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /səˈmɒsətə/
Etymology: From Latin Samosata, from Ancient Greek Σαμόσατα (Samósata). Doublet of Samsat.
Senses: glosses: Former name of Samsat: a city in southeastern Turkey.
Synonyms: sense: ancient Samsat, Turkey
word: Antioch
sense: ancient Samsat, Turkey
word: Antiochia
sense: ancient Samsat, Turkey
word: Antiochia Commagene
sense: ancient Samsat, Turkey
word: Antiochia in Commagene
web colors
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of web color
dags
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dag
dags
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of dag
Related terms: do someone's dags
holocoen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: holocoens
Etymology: Borrowed from German Holocoen.
Equivalent to holo- (“all”) + Ancient Greek κοινός (koinós, “together”). Confer abiocoen.
Senses: glosses: An ecosystem in Friederichs' theory of nature.
auditor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔːdɪtɚ/
Forms: form: auditors
form: auditour
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman auditour, from Latin audītor (“hearer, auditor”).
Senses: glosses: One who audits bookkeeping accounts.
glosses: In many jurisdictions, an elected or appointed public official in charge of the public accounts; a comptroller.
glosses: One who audits an academic course; who attends the lectures but does not earn academic credit.
examples: text: There is another of better notice, and whispered through the world with some attention; credulous and vulgar auditors readily believing it, and more judicious and distinctive heads not altogether rejecting it.
ref: 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:
text: Thus (as you will see with half an eye, my wise little auditors) these good old dames had fallen into a strange perplexity.
ref: 1851 June–July (date written), Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Gorgon’s Head”, in A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, published November 1851 (indicated as 1852), →OCLC, page 32:
text: Sampson's tongue was still flying with rapidity, as if his auditors had not been void of a number, while Mr. Alboni and Natalie were holding a consultation aside.
ref: 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds:
text: As we crossed the hall the telephone-bell rang, and we were the involuntary auditors of Professor Challenger's end of the ensuing dialogue.
ref: 1913, Arthur Conan Doyle, “(please specify the page)”, in The Poison Belt […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
glosses: One who listens, typically as a member of an audience.
topics: Scientology
lifestyle
religion
glosses: One trained to perform spiritual guidance procedures.
Derived terms: auditorship
coauditor
First Amendment auditor
frauditor
night auditor
subauditor
tax auditor
Esquimau
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of Eskimo.
Esquimau
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Esquimaus
form: Esquimaux
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of Eskimo.
authoritatively
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɔːˈθɒɹɪtətɪvli/
ipa: /ɔˈθɔɹəˌteɪtɪvli/
Forms: form: more authoritatively
form: most authoritatively
Etymology: From Middle English auctoritatively, auctoritativeli; compare Medieval Latin auctoritātīve; equivalent to authoritative + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He has, of course, the right to speak authoritatively, and he laughs at my theory that there was a crack in Pansay's head and a little bit of the Dark World came through and pressed him to death.
ref: 1888, Rudyard Kipling, “The Phantom Rickshaw”, in The Phantom 'Rickshaw and Other Tales, Allahabad: A.H. Wheeler and Co., page 8:
text: The inability of Trump's own spokespeople to speak authoritatively on the president's thinking and actions -- a challenge even Trump himself has acknowledged -- has left the White House with an enormous credibility gap, and has tarnished the reputations of many of its most visible spokespeople.
ref: 2017 May 16, Dylan Byers, “Does anyone in Trump's White House have credibility?”, in CNN Business:
glosses: In an authoritative manner; with authority.
authoritativeness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From authoritative + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of possessing authority.
glosses: The quality of trustworthiness and reliability.
llanero
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /lɑːˈnɛːɹəʊ/
/ljɑːˈnɛːɹəʊ/
Forms: form: llaneros
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish llanero, from llano.
Senses: examples: text: The fugitive slaves and their descendants who formed the bulk of the llaneros of Venezuela initially chose the royalist side.
ref: 2018, Wim Klooster, Revolutions in the Atlantic World, New Edition: A Comparative History, NYU Press, →ISBN, page 164:
glosses: A plainsman; a South American cattle-herder or cowboy, especially in Venezuela and Colombia.
dragges
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of dragge
Dog Star
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From the fact that the star lies in the constellation of Canis Major (the "larger dog").
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A bluish-white star in the constellation Canis Major; Alpha (α) Canis Majoris A. A vertex of the Winter Triangle and the brightest star in the night sky. It is actually a binary star with a white dwarf companion star.
Synonyms: sense: bluish-white star
word: Alpha Majoris A
sense: bluish-white star
word: Al Shira
sense: bluish-white star
word: Blazing Star
sense: bluish-white star
word: Canicula
sense: bluish-white star
english: pre-modern definition
translation: pre-modern definition
word: Sirius
sense: bluish-white star
word: Sirius A
sense: bluish-white star
word: α Majoris A
Hypernyms: sense: bluish-white star
word: Alpha Majoris
sense: bluish-white star
word: Sirius
sense: bluish-white star
word: α Majoris
Coordinate terms: sense: bluish-white star
word: Alpha Majoris B
sense: bluish-white star
word: Pup
sense: bluish-white star
word: α CMa B
sense: bluish-white star
word: α Majoris B
Winter Triangle
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: [the W- T-] (uranography) A bright asterism of the northern winter sky. Its corners are the three 1st-magnitude stars Betelgeuse (α Ori), Procyon (α CMi), and Sirius (α CMa).
Related terms: Summer Triangle
Winter Hexagon
micro-region
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: micro-regions
form: microregion
Etymology: From micro- + region.
Senses: glosses: An administrative system that is equivalent to a county or a prefecture and a department. It is used in Brazil as a third-level administration between state and micro-region.
examples: text: Between 1999 and 2009 in the regions of the Czech Republic a number of micro-regions and local action groups (LAGs) have formed, due to the joint promotion of the interests of municipalities and local communities to achieve change.
ref: 2014, Carlos Costa, Emese Panyik, Dimitrios Buhalis, European Tourism Planning and Organisation Systems: The EU Member States, Channel View Publications, →ISBN, page 194:
glosses: Partnership of neighbouring municipalities following a common goal.
Related terms: macro-metropolitan region
metropolitan region
late model
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: He drove a late model Ford.
glosses: Recently designed or fabricated; new.
audaciously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: enpr: ôdāʹshəsli
ipa: /ɔˈdeɪʃəsli/
Forms: form: more audaciously
form: most audaciously
Etymology: From audacious + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: In short, all those whom the gentry had despised, those whom they had trodden into the dirt, people with no place in society, people with no right to speak, have now audaciously lifted up their heads. They have not only lifted up their heads but taken power into their hands.
ref: 1954 [1927 March], Mao Tse-tung, “Report on an Investigation on the Peasant Movement in Hunan”, in Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung, volume I, Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 29:
glosses: In an audacious manner; bravely, daringly, but not foolheartedly.
glosses: In a brazen, forthright manner.
trimming
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɪmɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪmɪŋ
Forms: form: trimmings
Senses: examples: Trimming hedges is easiest when the shears have recently been resharpened.
glosses: The act or process of someone who trims.
examples: text: I gave a good trimming to my elderly neighbour's hedges.
glosses: An instance of that act or process.
examples: text: He gave the trimmings to the dog under the kitchen table.
glosses: Material that is removed by someone trimming something, as a piece of steak.
examples: text: “You must know I commissioned a particular friend of mine, Miss Moffat, to buy me a trimming when she went to Paris […].”
ref: 1782, Frances Burney, Cecilia, I.i.5:
glosses: An ornamental accessory to a dress or other piece of clothing.
examples: Christmas dinner with all the trimmings
glosses: An accessory or accompaniment.
examples: to give a boy a trimming
glosses: A reprimand or chastising.
trimming
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɪmɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪmɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: I am helping my elderly neighbour by trimming his hedge.
glosses: present participle and gerund of trim
improvised
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Created by improvisation; impromptu; unrehearsed.
Derived terms: improvised explosive device
improvisedly
unimprovised
improvised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of improvise
devil sticks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: devil stick
form: devilsticks
form: devil-sticks
Senses: glosses: A juggling prop consisting of two hand or control sticks (dowels) and a third larger, hourglass-shaped stick (baton or center stick).
Related terms: flower sticks
tall man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tall men
Senses: glosses: The third, longest finger, also known as the middle finger.
Yindjibarndi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɪndʒiːbʌndiː/
Forms: form: Indjibarndi
Senses: glosses: An indigenous Australian people of Western Australia.
Yindjibarndi
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɪndʒiːbʌndiː/
Forms: form: Indjibarndi
Senses: glosses: A Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language spoken in and around Roebourne and Onslow in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
ice cream headache
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ice cream headaches
form: ice-cream headache
form: icecream headache
Senses: examples: text: In my wilder days as a winter surfer we all knew about the sickening frontal headache that resulted within seconds of driving through a breaking wave. The pain continued for 20 to 30 seconds, only to be reinforced by the next breaking wave. Even then (35 years ago) we always referred to the pain as the ice cream headache.
ref: Harris, Mark (6 September 1997), “Cerebral vasoconstriction causing decrease in arterial flow may have role”, in Ice cream headache, volume 315, number 609
glosses: A type of headache caused by cold around the brain, either at the back of the throat when eating ice cream (as the name suggests), or from cold around the outside of the head.
Synonyms: brain freeze
nak
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: naks
Senses: glosses: A female yak.
GHB
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
medicine
microbiology
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
pharmacology
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: gamma-hydroxybutyric acid
liquid ecstasy
glosses: Initialism of gamma-hydroxybutyrate, often used as a date rape drug.
refreshed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of refresh
gamma-hydroxybutyrate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gamma-hydroxybutyrates
Etymology: From gamma-hydroxybutyric acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, especially the sodium or potassium salts used as the drug "fantasy".
Synonyms: word: GBH
word: GHB
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: battery acid
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: cherry meth
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: date rape drug
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: easy lay
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: everclear
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: fantasy
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: G
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: Georgia Home Boy
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: goop
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: grievous bodily harm
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: jib
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: liquid ecstasy
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: liquid G
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: liquid X
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: organic Quaalude
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: salty war
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: salty water
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: scoop
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: sleep 500
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: soap
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: vita G
sense: slang terms for GHB
word: zonked
Related terms: gamma-butyrolactone
surviving
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of survive
GBH
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Initialism of grievous bodily harm.
ribbed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Having ribs.
topics: business
mining
glosses: intercalated with slate; said of a seam of coal.
Derived terms: Iberian ribbed newt
ribbed mussel
ribbed vault
rock-ribbed
ribbed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of rib
seating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsiːtɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːtɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of seat
seating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsiːtɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːtɪŋ
Forms: form: seatings
Senses: examples: text: The seating of passengers will begin soon.
glosses: The act of one that seats.
examples: text: There is plenty of comfortable seating.
text: Above the concourse, the underneath of the platforms has been clad with attractive wood panelling, while the columns holding them up are surrounded with seating - for use by passengers biding their time waiting for their trains, or who have used one of the 70-or-so eateries or shops that form part of the retail developments at the station.
ref: 2022 January 12, Paul Bigland, “Fab Four: the nation's finest stations: London Bridge”, in RAIL, number 948, page 31:
glosses: The provision of chairs or other places for people to sit.
examples: text: The first seating begins at 5 o'clock.
text: an exclusive restaurant offering just ten spaces per seating
glosses: A period of time in which people are allowed into a performance, a meal, etc., to be seated.
examples: text: cane seating
glosses: Material for making seats.
glosses: Haircloth.
topics: engineering
mechanical-engineering
mechanics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Collectively, the various fitted supports of the parts of a structure or of a machine; a housing in which a component is seated.
topics: business
manufacturing
shipbuilding
glosses: That part of the floor which rests on the keel.
Derived terms: continental seating
festival seating
open seating
seating chart
seating plan
seating time
grievous bodily harm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: GBH
Senses: glosses: Serious physical injury to a person, or the fact of causing such injury.
distances
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of distance
distances
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of distance
groundhog
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: groundhogs
form: ground-hog
form: ground hog
Etymology: From ground + hog.
Senses: synonyms: whistle-pig
woodchuck
glosses: A red-brown marmot, Marmota monax, native to North America.
glosses: The aardvark.
Derived terms: Groundhog Day
Groundhog's Day
groundhogese
Groundhog Lodge
groundhog punch
don't look at me
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: examples: A: "Someone needs to label all these words as nouns or verbs."
B: "Don't look at me: I don't know anything about grammar."
2003, "Top Banana", season 1, episode 2 of Arrested Development
Michael Bluth: Well, I'll tell you what. I'm gonna give you a promotion. Welcome aboard, Mr. Manager.
George Michael Bluth: Wow! I'm Mr. Manager!
Michael Bluth: Well, "manager". We just say "manager". And you can hire an employee if you need one.
George Michael Bluth: Do you think I need one?
Michael Bluth: Don't look at me, Mr. Manager.
George Michael Bluth: Right. It's up to me now. I'm Mr. Manager.
glosses: A response indicating that one is either unwilling or unable to perform a task, or that one is not guilty of something for which blame was implied.
skiver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskaɪvə/
ipa: /ˈskaɪvəɹ/
rhymes: -aɪvə(ɹ)
Forms: form: skivers
Etymology: From skive (“play truant”) + -er. Probably from French esquiver (“slink away”).
Senses: glosses: A slacker.
glosses: A truant; one who is absent without permission, especially from school.
skiver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskaɪvə/
ipa: /ˈskaɪvəɹ/
rhymes: -aɪvə(ɹ)
Forms: form: skivers
Etymology: From skive (“to shave”) + -er. Probably from Dutch schijf (“slice”), probably influenced by shive.
Senses: glosses: One who uses a skive (or skives).
glosses: A skewer.
glosses: An inferior quality of leather, made of split sheepskin, tanned by immersion in sumac, and dyed, formerly used for hat linings, pocketbooks, bookbinding, etc.
glosses: The cutting tool or machine used in splitting leather or skins.
skiver
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskaɪvə/
ipa: /ˈskaɪvəɹ/
rhymes: -aɪvə(ɹ)
Forms: form: skivers
form: skivering
form: skivered
form: skivered
Etymology: From skive (“to shave”) + -er. Probably from Dutch schijf (“slice”), probably influenced by shive.
Senses: examples: text: […] it's I that wishes I could be sure 'twas malice, I'd skiver you, heels and elbows, on my sword, and roast you alive on that fire.
ref: 1863, J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, “The Dead Secret, Showing how the Fire-worker Proved to Puddock that Nutter Had Spied Out the Nakedness of the Land”, in The House by the Church-yard. […], volume I, London: Tinsley, Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 102:
text: I'll finish heating the oven, and set you free to go and skiver up them ducks.
ref: 1886 May – 1887 April, Thomas Hardy, “chapter 9”, in The Woodlanders […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
glosses: To skewer, impale.
broon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɹuːn/
rhymes: -uːn
Forms: form: broons
Etymology: Conserved from Middle English broun, from Old English brūn as opposed to the Standard English pronunciation.
Senses: glosses: The colour brown.
broon
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɹuːn/
rhymes: -uːn
Forms: form: more broon
form: most broon
Etymology: Conserved from Middle English broun, from Old English brūn as opposed to the Standard English pronunciation.
Senses: glosses: Of the colour brown.
Related terms: word: Broon
word: Broonale
word: brown ale
SLM
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: synonyms: SLA
glosses: Initialism of Sudan Liberation Movement.
SLM
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: SLMs
Senses: hypernyms: laser#Noun
glosses: Initialism of single–longitudinal-mode [laser] or single–longitudinal-mode laser.
examples: text: Large language models work well because they’re so large. The latest models from OpenAI, Meta, and DeepSeek use hundreds of billions of “parameters” […] With more parameters, the models are better able to identify patterns and connections, which in turn makes them more powerful and accurate. But this power comes at a cost […] huge computational resources […] energy hogs […] In response, some researchers are now thinking small. IBM, Google, Microsoft, and OpenAI have all recently released small language models (SLMs) that use a few billion parameters—a fraction of their LLM counterparts. Small models are not used as general-purpose tools like their larger cousins. But they can excel on specific, more narrowly defined tasks, such as summarizing conversations, answering patient questions as a health care chatbot, and gathering data in smart devices. “For a lot of tasks, an 8 billion–parameter model is actually pretty good,” said Zico Kolter, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University. They can also run on a laptop or cell phone, instead of a huge data center. (There’s no consensus on the exact definition of “small,” but the new models all max out around 10 billion parameters.) To optimize the training process for these small models, researchers use a few tricks. […]
ref: 2025 April 13, Stephen Ornes, “Small Language Models Are the New Rage, Researchers Say. Larger models can pull off a wider variety of feats, but the reduced footprint of smaller models makes them attractive tools”, in Wired, archived from the original on 13 Apr 2025:
hypernyms: LM
language model
<
model#Noun
coordinate_terms: LLM
large language model
qualifier: machine learning
glosses: Initialism of small language model.
nodi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of nodus
actual bodily harm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ABH
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Hurt or injury which interferes with the health or comfort of the victim and which is more than transient or trifling.