cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
engagement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ.mənt/
Forms: form: engagements
Etymology: From French engagement. Equivalent to engage + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: The lecturer has three speaking engagements this week.
text: prior engagement
text: a future engagement
glosses: An appointment, especially to speak or perform.
examples: text: Check the gears for full engagement before turning the handle.
glosses: Connection or attachment.
examples: text: In a recent study with a movie recommendation site […], higher message interactivity in the form of footprints of user actions, responsive suggestions in a search box, and live-chatting with an online agent led to greater perceived contingency and engagement with the site, which ultimately created more positive attitudes toward it and higher intention to recommend the site to others.
ref: 2012, James Price Dillard, Lijiang Shen, The SAGE Handbook of Persuasion: Developments in Theory and Practice:
text: Mr. Yudkowsky said OpenAI might have primed ChatGPT to entertain the delusions of users by optimizing its chatbot for “engagement” — creating conversations that keep a user hooked.
ref: 2025 June 13, Kashmir Hill, “They Asked ChatGPT Questions. The Answers Sent Them Spiraling.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
qualifier: about human emotional state
glosses: The feeling of being compelled, drawn in, connected to what is happening, interested in what will happen next.
examples: text: We are enjoying a long engagement, but haven't yet set a date.
glosses: The period of time when marriage is planned or promised.
examples: text: The engagement resulted in many casualties.
glosses: In any situation of conflict, an actual instance of active hostilities.
examples: text: After engagement it quickly became clear which of the fencers was going to prevail.
topics: fencing
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
glosses: The point at which the fencers are close enough to join blades, or to make an effective attack during an encounter.
glosses: A performance metric representing an instance where a user interacts with some content after an impression.
examples: text: A new peer-reviewed study from researchers at New York University and the Université Grenoble Alpes in France will show that misinformation got six times as much engagement on Facebook as real news, The Washington Post reports.
ref: 2021 September 3, Sean O'Kane, “New study will show misinformation on Facebook gets way more engagement than news”, in The Verge:
glosses: A performance metric representing an instance where a user interacts with some content after an impression.
The quantitative response to a piece of content; attention.
Synonyms: commitment
action
Derived terms: disengagement
engagement chicken
engagement ring
line of engagement
nonengagement
postengagement
preengagement
reengagement
rule of engagement
unengagement
Related terms: engage
battle
campaign
petits
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of petit
Country Code
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Country Code
Senses: glosses: a set of rules and regulations aimed at tourists visiting the countryside
Related terms: Highway Code
œuvre
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: œuvres
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of oeuvre.
gaga
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɑːɡɑː/
Forms: form: more gaga
form: most gaga
Etymology: From French gaga.
Senses: examples: text: The elderly patients in the hospital were going gaga.
glosses: Mentally senile.
examples: text: You might go gaga if you stare at this screen too long.
text: Should he lose it once and for all, he and Kathleen would need lots of money. Also, he had said to me, you could be gaga in a tenured chair at Princeton, and would anybody notice?
ref: 1975, Saul Bellow, Humboldt's Gift, Viking, page ??:
glosses: Crazy.
examples: text: The girls were going gaga over the handsome new boy who joined the class.
glosses: Infatuated.
Derived terms: go gaga over
gaga
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɑːɡɑː/
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of ga-ga (“game resembling dodgeball”).
mandible
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæn.dɪb.əl/
rhymes: -ændɪbəl
Forms: form: mandibles
form: mandibula
Etymology: From late Middle English, from Late Latin mandibula (“a jaw”), from mandō (“to chew, masticate”) + -bula (instrument noun suffix).
Senses: topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
synonyms: dentary
dentary bone
inferior maxillary bone
jawbone
lower jaw
submaxilla
coordinate_terms: maxilla
glosses: The jaw or a jawbone, especially the lower jawbone in mammals and fishes.
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Either of the upper and lower segments of a bird's beak.
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any of various invertebrate mouthparts serving to hold or bite food materials.
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any of various invertebrate mouthparts serving to hold or bite food materials.
One of the anterior pair of mouthparts of an arthropod, designed for holding and cutting food.
Derived terms: hemimandible
mandibular
mandibulate
mandibulous
micromandible
Related terms: mandibulary
mange
manger
jowl
mandibula
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /manˈdɪb.jʊl.ə/
ipa: /mænˈdɪb.jəl.ə/
rhymes: -ɪbjʊlə
Forms: form: mandibulae
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Late Latin mandibula (“a jaw”), from mandō (“to chew, masticate”) + -bula (instrument noun suffix).
Senses: glosses: Obsolete form of mandible.
Derived terms: hemimandibula
Malaysian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/
ipa: /məˈleɪ.ʒən/
ipa: /məlejsiən/
ipa: /məlejʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Etymology: From Malaysia + -an.
Senses: glosses: Pertaining to the country of Malaysia.
glosses: Pertaining to the Malay language.
Synonyms: Malayan
Derived terms: Malaysian English
Malaysianness
Malaysian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/
ipa: /məˈleɪ.ʒən/
ipa: /məlejsiən/
ipa: /məlejʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: Malaysians
Etymology: From Malaysia + -an.
Senses: glosses: A native of Malaysia.
Synonyms: Malay
Malayan
Malaysian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈleɪ.zi.ən/
ipa: /məˈleɪ.ʒən/
ipa: /məlejsiən/
ipa: /məlejʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Etymology: From Malaysia + -an.
Senses: glosses: The Malay language, specifically the one spoken in Malaysia.
Synonyms: Bahasa Kebangsaan
Bahasa Malaysia
Bahasa Melayu
Malay
Malayan
exsanguination
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: exsanguinations
Etymology: From exsanguinate + -ion.
Senses: glosses: Bloodletting.
glosses: Hemorrhage.
glosses: Slaughter of an animal by cutting its throat and allowing it to bleed out, especially for the production of halal and kosher meat.
examples: text: Solutrean points resemble the canines of the sabre-toothed cats. Indeed, they may have killed in a similar way - by exsanguination.
ref: 2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 219:
glosses: The process of draining the blood of an animal.
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Excessive loss of blood due to hemorrhage.
ROTC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: A trumpeteer from Ft. Polk sounded colors and an ROTC color guard raised the US flag to the top of a silver staff.
ref: 1982, All Volunteer, volume 35, number 11, page 18:
text: Adrian Rivera, 22, who had been in a high school woodworking class with him, said that Mr. Robinson would often hang around the area designated for the Junior R.O.T.C., or Junior Reserve Officers Training Corps, with other students who were interested in the military program.
ref: 2025 September 12, “Tyler Robinson, Charlie Kirk Shooting Suspect, Went From Scholarship Winner to Wanted Man”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Initialism of Reserve Officers' Training Corps.
glosses: Initialism of Republic of the Congo.
Related terms: english: Junior ROTC
translation: Junior ROTC
word: JROTC
E4M
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Abbreviation of the name of the program, with "4" standing for "for".
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Encryption for the Masses, a disk encryption program similar to scramdisk.
Bushism
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Bush + -ism, named after American presidents George W. Bush (1946–) and George H. W. Bush (1924–2018).
Senses: examples: text: But to get to the essence of Bushism, it's helpful to go to another and more unusual book, All the Best, George Bush, a collection of letters written by George Bush the elder.
ref: 1999 October 7, New York Times:
glosses: The political philosophy associated with former US president George W. Bush or his father, former US president George H. W. Bush.
Bushism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Bushisms
Etymology: From Bush + -ism, named after American presidents George W. Bush (1946–) and George H. W. Bush (1924–2018).
Senses: glosses: A turn of phrase employed by President George W. Bush that is unintentionally comical due to grammatical errors, malapropisms, etc.
Related terms: Bidenism
bozo eruption
gaffe
Palinism
centra
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of centrum
centrum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: centra
Etymology: From Middle English centrum, from Latin centrum. Doublet of centre.
Senses: glosses: A centre.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The central body of a vertebra; the solid piece to which the arches and some other parts are or may be attached.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The basis or fundamental portion of one of the cranial segments, regarded as analogous to vertebrae.
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
seismology
glosses: The focus or place of origin of an earthquake.
Hyponyms: cytocentrum
intercentrum
pleurocentrum
leverage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/
ipa: /ˈliːv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: leverages
Etymology: From lever + -age.
Senses: examples: text: A crowbar uses leverage to pry nails out of wood.
text: In order to proportion the braking force to the weight carried by a wheel - a matter of special importance in the braking of wagons - variable leverage systems are now being introduced in which the end of one axle spring is linked to a control spring in the change-over valve, so automatically varying the leverage exerted by the brake-rod according to whether the wagon is full or empty.
ref: 1960 April, “The braking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 237:
synonyms: mechanical advantage
coordinate_terms: torque
glosses: A force compounded by means of a lever rotating around a pivot.
examples: text: Try using competitors’ prices for leverage in the negotiation.
text: The former Forest man, who passed a late fitness test, appeared to use Guy Moussi for leverage before nodding in David Fox's free-kick at the far post - his 22nd goal of the season.
ref: 2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Any influence which is compounded or used to gain an advantage.
examples: text: Leverage is great until something goes wrong with your investments and you still have to pay your debts.
text: Online margin trading is usually based on leverage, where the brokerage effectively lets you borrow more money than you have deposited as collateral.
ref: 2011, Brian Dolan, Currency Trading For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 55:
text: Both exchanges offer crypto derivatives, which are bets on future fluctuations in cryptocurrency prices. They also offer extreme leverage — up to 125 times on Binance. That means a $1,000 down payment can be turned into a $125,000 gamble.
ref: 2021 July 23, Eric Lipton, Ephrat Livni, “‘I Feel Conflicted’: Crypto’s Offshore Trading Moguls Talk Shop”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
topics: business
finance
glosses: The use of borrowed funds with a contractually determined return to increase the ability to invest and earn an expected higher return, but usually at high risk.
examples: text: In such cases where there is a multiple capital structure the factor known as leverage comes into play.
ref: 1933 June 4, “Trusts Heartened by Security Rally”, in New York Times:
topics: business
finance
synonyms: gearing
glosses: The debt-to-equity ratio.
examples: text: Their variable-cost-reducing investments have dramatically increased their leverage.
topics: business
synonyms: operating leverage
glosses: The ability to earn very high returns when operating at high-capacity utilization of a facility.
topics: mathematics
sciences
statistics
qualifier: regression analytics
glosses: The distance of between an independent observation and other observations.
Derived terms: overleverage
leverage
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/
ipa: /ˈliːv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: leverages
form: leveraging
form: leveraged
form: leveraged
Etymology: From lever + -age.
Senses: examples: text: They plan to leverage the publicity into a good distribution agreement.
text: They plan to leverage off the publicity to get a good distribution agreement.
text: EAP research has developed advanced methods for producing corpus-informed vocabulary resources, but these have yet to be fully leveraged to promote disciplinary literacy within the secondary school context.
ref: 2018, Clarence Green, James Lambert, “Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes, volume 35, →DOI, page 105:
text: Catastrophe modeling firm AIR Worldwide (AIR) today announced that Sompo International, a global specialty provider of property and casualty insurance and reinsurance, is leveraging AIR's casualty analytics platform, Arium, to better understand and quantify its liability and loss potential across multiple commercial liability lines of business.
ref: 2019 June 19, “Sompo International to Leverage AIR's Innovative Casualty Analytics Solution for Multi-Line Risk Analysis”, in CNN Money:
text: Thomas H. Lee, a private equity financier who pioneered the use of leveraged buyouts that helped to reshape corporate America, has died, according to a notice from his former firm that still bears his name.
ref: 2023 February 24, Chris Isidore, “Thomas H. Lee, pioneer of leveraged buyouts, is dead at 78”, in CNN:
text: Russian forces continue to prioritize their offensive push towards Pokrovsk, and the operational significance of seizing the city will likely in part depend on the Russian military's ability to leverage the city in wider operational maneuver in Donetsk Oblast.
ref: 2024 October 3, Riley Bailey, Angelica Evans, Grace Mappes, Davit Gasparyan, Nate Trotter, Frederick W. Kagan, “Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, October 3, 2024”, in Ukraine Project, Institute for the Study of War:
topics: business
glosses: To use; to exploit; to manipulate in order to take full advantage (of something).
Synonyms: sense: take full advantage of
word: exploit
sense: take full advantage of
word: use
Derived terms: deleverage
leverageable
leveraged buyout
leverager
overleverage
overleveraged
underleveraged
unleveraged
Related terms: force multiplier
dim sum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dimsum
Etymology: Borrowed from Cantonese 點心／点心 (dim² sam¹), literally “to touch the heart gently; to refresh the heart”.
Senses: glosses: A Cantonese-style meal traditionally eaten in the morning or early afternoon, comprising tea and food typically placed in small steamer baskets or on small plates, and often served from carts that move around from table to table in a restaurant.
examples: text: King Chef (2F Main Mall, 0932 323 1871) serves healthy food and authentic Cantonese cuisine in a fine dining setup. For Father's Day, treat the whole family to its dim sum platters! It has a roasted platter which includes soyed chicken, roast duck, barbecued pork asado, fried five-spice roll, and soyed cucumber with century egg. Another option is the steamed dim sum platter, where you can devour a spread of hakaw, pork & shrimp siomai, Japanese siomai, beancurd roll, and Taosi spareribs.
ref: 2022 June 18, “Go on a Binondo food trip this Father's Day at Lucky Chinatown”, in Manila Bulletin, Manila: Manila Bulletin Publishing Corporation, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 22 Jun 2022:
glosses: The food served at a dim sum meal, typically including dumplings, seafood, and desserts.
Synonyms: word: dim sum
word: yum cha
Hyponyms: word: buns and rolls
word: bao
word: bau
word: desserts
word: egg tart
word: general dim sum foods
word: dumpling
word: gao
word: potsticker
word: shaomai
word: sou
word: spare ribs
word: rice porridge
word: congee
word: conjee
word: jook
word: juk
word: rice congee
word: rolls
word: spring roll
word: vegetable dishes
word: Chinese broccoli
word: Chinese kale
word: gailan
word: gai-lan
word: kailan
word: kai-lan
Derived terms: dim sum bond
Related terms: dim sim
yum cha
sacroiliac joint
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sacroiliac joints
Senses: glosses: an area of the lower spine
Derived terms: SI joint
SIJ
bugle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbjuːɡəl/
rhymes: -uːɡəl
Forms: form: bugles
Etymology: From Middle English bugle, from Anglo-Norman and Old French bugle, from Latin būculus (“young bull; ox; steer”).
Senses: glosses: A horn used by hunters.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
hypernyms: musical instrument
wind instrument
brass instrument
glosses: A simple brass instrument consisting of a horn with no valves, playing only pitches in its harmonic series
examples: text: the bugle of an elk
glosses: The sound of something that bugles.
examples: text: Then tooke that squire an horne of bugle small, Which hong adowne his side in twisted gold And tassels gay.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faery Queene, page 88:
text: The tongue so rough, that were it licks, it fetches blood. The Greeks used not these, nor Bugles in Physick, not having tried their vertue; though Indian-woods are full of such, yet parts of them are of more efficacy in medicine, (it is thought) than any part of ordinary Oxen.
ref: 1678, Joannes Jonstonus (M.D., Polonus.), A Description of the Nature of Four-Footed Beasts, page 31:
text: All in the merry strand, With the ran, ran tan, And the tippy, tippy tran, And away with the royal bow! wow! wow! And the riddle diddle do, And the bugle's horn, For into the woods we'll run, brave boys, And into the woods we'll run.
ref: 1928, Lora Sarah La Mance, The House of Waltman and Its Allied Families, page 17:
text: a hunting horn, origin. made of the horn of a "bugle" or wild ox
ref: 1992, William Shakespeare, Holger Klein, Much Ado about Nothing: A New Critical Edition, page 145:
glosses: A sort of wild ox; a buffalo.
Derived terms: bugle-player
bugle player
bugler
bugle scale
buglet
contrabass bugle
Kent bugle
key-bugle
keyed bugle
bugle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbjuːɡəl/
rhymes: -uːɡəl
Forms: form: bugles
form: bugling
form: bugled
form: bugled
Etymology: From Middle English bugle, from Anglo-Norman and Old French bugle, from Latin būculus (“young bull; ox; steer”).
Senses: examples: text: “It was as though the very constellations knew our impending sorrow,” he bugled, his head raised to the ceiling, his voice full-throated.
ref: 1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Penguin Books (2014), page 128:
glosses: To announce, sing, or cry in the manner of a musical bugle.
Synonyms: trumpet
bugle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbjuːɡəl/
rhymes: -uːɡəl
Forms: form: bugles
Etymology: From Late Latin bugulus (“a woman's ornament”).
Senses: examples: text: How well so ever I fancied my lectures against pride had conquered the vanity of my daughters; yet I still found them secretly attached to all their former finery: they still loved laces, ribbands, bugles and catgut […]
ref: 1766, Oliver Goldsmith, chapter 4, in The Vicar of Wakefield:
text: With the exception of a woman in a black silk dress with bugles who, incredible as it may seem, had ordered cocoa and sparkling limado simultaneously and was washing down a meal of Cambridge sausages and pastry with alternate draughts of both liquids, the place was empty.
ref: 1925, P. G. Wodehouse, Sam the Sudden, London: Random House, published 2007, page 207:
glosses: A tubular glass or plastic bead sewn onto clothes as a decorative trim
bugle
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbjuːɡəl/
rhymes: -uːɡəl
Forms: form: more bugle
form: most bugle
Etymology: From Late Latin bugulus (“a woman's ornament”).
Senses: examples: text: Bugle eyeballs.
ref: c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
glosses: jet-black
bugle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbjuːɡəl/
rhymes: -uːɡəl
Forms: form: bugles
Etymology: From Middle English bugle (“bugleweed”), from Anglo-Norman and Old French bugle, from Medieval Latin bugilla, probably related to Late Latin bugillo.
Senses: synonyms: bugleweed
carpet bugle
ground pine
common bugle
glosses: A plant in the family Lamiaceae grown as a ground cover Ajuga reptans, and other plants in the genus Ajuga.
Derived terms: taxonomic: Lycopus europaeus
word: bitter bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga genevensis
word: blue bugle)
taxonomic: Ajuga spp.
word: bugleweed
taxonomic: Ajuga spp.
word: carpet bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga reptans
word: common bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga reptans
word: creeping bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga genevensis
word: erect bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga pyramidalis
word: pyramid bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga genevensis
word: upright bugle)
taxonomic: Lycopus virginicus
word: water bugle
taxonomic: Ajuga chamaepitys
word: yellow bugle
kehillah
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kehillahs
form: kehillot
form: kehilloth
form: kehila
form: kehilah
form: kehilla
Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew קְהִילָּה (qəhîllâ, “a community, a congregation”).
Senses: glosses: A type of Jewish community in eastern Europe.
glosses: Any Jewish community; especially, a secular Jewish communal organization, or the secular dimension of a religious one.
Related terms: kahal
khaddar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: khaddars
form: khadi
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi खद्दर (khaddar).
Senses: examples: text: She wears only white khaddar saris and white khaddar blouses beneath which is her coarse bandage-tight bodice.
ref: 1988, Bapsi Sidhwa, Ice-Candy Man, Daunt Books (2016), page 6:
glosses: A coarse homespun cotton cloth from India.
clean up one's act
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: cleans up one's act
form: cleaning up one's act
form: cleaned up one's act
form: cleaned up one's act
Senses: examples: text: Someday I'm going to clean up my act and start researching more carefully.
glosses: To reform; to improve one's habits.
Related terms: get one's act together
turn over a new leaf
last ditch
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: He stayed up all night in a last ditch effort to finish on time.
glosses: Alternative form of last-ditch.
Related terms: last resort
lifejacket
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lifejackets
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of life jacket.
Derived terms: lifejacketed
gusto
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡʌstəʊ/
ipa: /ˈɡʌstoʊ/
rhymes: -ʌstəʊ
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian gusto, from Latin gustus (“taste”). Doublet of cost (see Etymology 3 there).
Senses: examples: text: He sang with more gusto than talent.
text: Sing, Johnny One-Note / Sing out with gusto / And just overwhelm all the crowd
ref: 1937, Rodgers and Hart, “Johnny One Note”:
text: And the sound increases … the power grows … gusto becomes something else: rage.
ref: 1993, Paul Chadwick, The Dictator’s Dream, Dark Horse Books:
text: Germany regeared for the second half: same shape, more control. Mexico had lost some of their vim. And before long the game had turned on its head, with Germany able to keep the ball now, Kroos hitting his range, and Mexico less adept at seizing possession, unable to spring forward with such gusto.
ref: 2018 June 17, Barney Ronay, “Mexico’s Hirving Lozano stuns world champions Germany for brilliant win”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 05 Aug 2019:
glosses: Enthusiasm; enjoyment, vigor.
examples: text: Why should you force wine upon us? We are not all of your gusto.
ref: 1672, William Wycherley, Love in Wood:
glosses: An individual's fondness or liking of a particular flavour
examples: text: The Designs..are of very mean Gusto.
ref: 1712, John James (architect), Theory & Practice of Gardening:
qualifier: Of art
glosses: The style in which a work is done, artistic style. (occasionally) the prevailing style in matters of taste.
examples: text: Another, who has no Gusto of either sort, believes all those they call Virtuosi to be half-distracted.
ref: 1709, Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury, Moralists:
glosses: Aesthetic appreciation.
examples: text: Melons of the richest gusto abound everywhere.
ref: 1836, Mary Austin Holley, History of Texas:
glosses: (Of food) Flavour or savour
bok choy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: bŏk'choi'
ipa: /ˌbɒkˈt͡ʃɔɪ/
rhymes: -ɔɪ
Forms: form: bak choy
form: bokchoi
form: bok choi
form: pak choi
form: baicai
form: pe-tsai
form: petsai
form: pechay
form: patchoi
form: pak choy
Etymology: Borrowed from Cantonese 白菜 (baak⁶ coi³, “white vegetable”). Doublet of pechay.
Senses: examples: text: A new highway near Hong Kong has the right-of-way where a farmer now squeezes in a patch of bok choy. In the past decade development has overrun much of China's arable land.
ref: 1998 October, T. R. Reid, “Feeding the Planet”, in National Geographic, number 4, page 75:
glosses: Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis, an East Asian leafy vegetable related to the Western cabbage.
Synonyms: sense: Chinese cabbage
word: Chinese chard
sense: Chinese cabbage
word: Chinese mustard
sense: Chinese cabbage
word: celery mustard
sense: Chinese cabbage
word: spoon cabbage
Coordinate terms: napa cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis
tatsoi
usurer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːʒəɹə/
ipa: /ˈjuːzjəɹə/
ipa: /ˈjuːʒəɹəɹ/
ipa: /ˈjuːʒɹəɹ/
Forms: form: usurers
Etymology: Anglo-Norman, from Old French usurier, Latin ūsūra (“interest”).
Senses: examples: text: Vſurers, you are none of theſe cryers vnto God, but thoſe that hourely vnto God are most cryde out againſt. God hath cryde out vnto you by his Preachers, GOD hath cride out vnto you by the poore ; Pryſoners on their death-beds haue cride out of you : and when they haue had but one houre to interceſſionate for their ſoules, and ſue out the pardon of their numberleſſe ſins, the whole of that howre (ſauing one minute, when in two words they cryde for mercy,) haue they ſpent, in crying for vengeance againſt you.
ref: 1593, Thomas Nash, Christs Teares Over Iervsalem. Whereunto is annexed a comparatiue admonition to London., London: Thomas Thorp, published 1613, →OCLC, page 105; republished as Christ's Tears Over Jerusalem: Whereunto is Annexed A comparative Admonition to London, 1815, page 97:
text: Profitless usurer, why dost thou use
So great a sum of sums, yet canst not live?
ref: 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 4”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:
text: "You can go to the Carpetbag usurers if you want money."
ref: 1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, chapter XLIII, in Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC:
glosses: A person who loans money to others and charges interest, particularly at an exorbitant, exploitative, or illegal rate.
Synonyms: banker
loan shark
Hyponyms: english: early modern Middle East & India
translation: early modern Middle East & India
word: saraf
english: early modern India & SE Asia
translation: early modern India & SE Asia
word: shroff
Related terms: word: usuress
word: usurial
word: usurious
word: usury
rip off
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rip offs
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of rip-off.
rip off
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: rips off
form: ripping off
form: ripped off
form: ripped off
Senses: glosses: To pull off by ripping.
examples: text: I can't believe how the car dealerships try to rip off their customers.
text: But a personal and almost menopausal crisis brings him back to an Edinburgh he hardly recognises. As if in a Sergio Leone film, Renton has an obscure need to return, to confront the demons of his past, in particular the three guys he ripped off after a drug deal at the end of the last story.
ref: 2017 January 19, Peter Bradshaw, “T2 Trainspotting review – choose a sequel that doesn't disappoint”, in the Guardian:
text: "Nobody wants to feel ripped off, do they? And when you look at refurbishments like this, you must make sure the basics are done well, because that is what makes up most of the passenger experience. It makes people come back," says Darney.
ref: 2025 July 23, Richard Wilcock, “A new dawn for the Electrostars”, in RAIL, number 1040, page 25:
glosses: To cheat or swindle, especially by charging an excessively high or unfair price.
examples: text: Rechy's The Sexual Outlaw had been a formative book for me, ever since I ripped it off from a hometown bookstore in my early teens (what was I supposed to do, interact with a clerk?)
ref: 1988 December 18, Christopher Wittke, “Why I Loved Marc Almond From The Minute I First Read About Him”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 23, page 16:
text: - Hey, guys. Where'd you get all that great stuff?
- Five-finger discount, man.
ref: 1990, "The Telltale Head" (The Simpsons season 1 episode 8)
roman: - You ripped it off?
glosses: To steal.
examples: text: They ripped off the whole idea from their competitors.
text: Robert Johnson and the devil, man / Don't know who's gonna rip off who
ref: 2013, “Higgs Boson Blues”, in Nick Cave (lyrics), Push the Sky Away, performed by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds:
text: Boyle revives some of the stylistic tics which found themselves being ripped off by geezer-gangster Britflicks back in the day, but now the freezeframes are briefer, sharper; the movie itself refers back to the original with variant flashback versions of famous scenes, but also Super 8-type images of the boys’ poignant boyhood in primary school.
ref: 2017 January 19, Peter Bradshaw, “T2 Trainspotting review – choose a sequel that doesn't disappoint”, in the Guardian:
glosses: To copy, especially illegally.
Derived terms: rip-off
Related terms: knock off
bubble gum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bubble gums
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of bubblegum.
bubblegum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbʌbəlɡʌm/
ipa: /ˈbʌbl̩ɡʌm/
Forms: form: bubblegums
form: bubble gum
Etymology: From bubble + gum.
Senses: glosses: A sweet chewing gum formulated to be stretchy so the chewer can blow bubbles with it.
examples: text: Born in the small town of Rockwood, east Tennessee, Carter’s bubblegum sound and mini-bad boy image made him the definitive millennium child star.
ref: 2022 November 6, Emma Garland, “Aaron Carter was the millennium’s bubblegum bad boy – and the victim of a rapacious music industry”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A type of pop music marked by sweetness, pep and charm (rather than depth or complexity).
glosses: A light pink colour, like bubblegum.
Derived terms: bubblegrunge
bubblegummy
Bubbline
bubblegum
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbʌbəlɡʌm/
ipa: /ˈbʌbl̩ɡʌm/
Forms: form: bubble gum
Etymology: From bubble + gum.
Senses: glosses: Tasting like bubblegum.
examples: text: Last year, the Daily Mail found that Emily in Paris, a bubblegum dramedy starring Lily Collins, plugged 37 brands throughout 10 episodes.
ref: 2025 October 29, Alaina Demopoulos, “What’s with the sponcon slop in Nobody Wants This? Netflix, nobody wants this”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Sweet, perky, or youthful; (music) poppy.
up for
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Senses: examples: text: Are you up for a trip to the library today?
text: Neither team were up for this third-round replay, their lack of enthusiasm betrayed by 16 changes from the line-ups they used in league combat at the weekend.
ref: 2011 January 18, Joe Lovejoy, “Cardiff City 0 Stoke City 2”, in Guardian Online:
glosses: Willing to participate in; interested in.
examples: text: He is up for reelection next year, so he will try to control his image.
text: He is up for second degree murder.
text: It's still up for debate.
text: She put her jewelry up for auction.
text: My car is up for sale.
glosses: Being or due to be evaluated, inspected, judged, considered, sold, etc., in the stated circumstances or by the stated method.
Related terms: up for grabs
up to
down to
post card
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: post cards
Senses: glosses: Dated form of postcard.
have had it up to here
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: has had it up to here
form: having had it up to here
form: had had it up to here
form: had had it up to here
Senses: examples: text: I have had it up to here with your nonsense!
glosses: To have become very frustrated or angry; to have reached the limit of one's patience or forbearance.
Related terms: have had it
up to here
at the end of one's rope
up to here
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Forms: form: up to one's eyeballs
form: up to one's eyes
form: up to one's ears
form: up to one's neck
Etymology: All such constructions, along with elbow-deep, knee-deep, waist-deep, neckdeep, and so on, rely on the same metaphor: the depth to which a wader or swimmer is submerged in a body of water.
Senses: examples: text: Just fill the bucket with water up to here.
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see up to, here.
examples: text: I have been up to here in paperwork all week.
text: They have their lives to live and I'm up to here in disgust with mine.
ref: 1953, Raymond Chandler, chapter 12, in The Long Goodbye:
glosses: Overwhelmed, busy, buried or swamped.
examples: text: I have had it up to here with his sarcasm.
text: I am stuffed up to here with appetizers.
glosses: Used as an intensifier.
Derived terms: have had it up to here
Related terms: drowning
flood the zone
keep one's head above water
stem the tide
tread water
watch paint dry
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: watches paint dry
form: watching paint dry
form: watched paint dry
form: watched paint dry
Senses: examples: text: I expected his new play to be as good as the last, but it was like watching paint dry.
text: I click on it. And wait. And wait. And wait. Why does it take so long? It's so slow. This is worse than watching paint dry. Not that I've actually ever watched paint dry. Or even painted.
ref: 2012, Sarah Mlynowski, Fishbowl, Harlequin, →ISBN:
text: “I am starving, that is true. But I'd never get bored. I could watch paint dry with you and I wouldn't get bored.” “You could watch paint dry with me? That sounds delightful,” I say.
ref: 2015, Kate McGovern, Rules for 50/50 Chances, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 224:
synonyms: watch grass grow
glosses: To watch something that has virtually no movement, hence, something very boring.
wyrm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /wɜːm/
enpr: wûrm
ipa: /wɝm/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)m
homophone: worm
Forms: form: wyrms
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Old English wyrm. Doublet of worm, which was inherited.
Senses: topics: fantasy
human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A huge limbless and wingless dragon or dragonlike creature.
topics: fantasy
human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A huge limbless and wingless dragon or dragonlike creature.
A sea serpent.
Related terms: Jörmungandr
sea serpent
worm
exoculate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: exoculates
form: exoculating
form: exoculated
form: exoculated
Etymology: From Latin exoculātus, perfect passive participle of exoculō (“I remove eyes”).
Senses: glosses: To deprive of eyes; blind.
Related terms: exoculation
Drake equation
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Drake equation
Etymology: Named after American astrophysicist Frank Drake (1930–2022).
Senses: glosses: A formula for calculating the probability of civilizations existing elsewhere in the Milky Way galaxy and of their ability to communicate with Earth.
Related terms: exobiology
Fermi paradox
VE Day
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /viː.iː ˈdeɪ/
ipa: /vi.i ˈdeɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: V-E Day
Etymology: Initialism of victory (in) Europe + day.
Senses: coordinate_terms: Armistice Day
glosses: Initialism of Victory in Europe Day: the date 8 May 1945 when Germany unconditionally surrendered its armed forces to the Allies, bringing World War II to an end; and each anniversary commemorating that date.
Related terms: VJ Day
VP Day
D-Day
X-Day
Y-Day
conniption
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈnɪp.ʃən/
Forms: form: conniptions
Etymology: Since 1833, from American English. Unknown origin, probably a fanciful alteration of corruption etc., or maybe related to captious.
Senses: examples: text: When she came downstairs and saw what her children were eating, she had a conniption.
text: I'm in conniptions for the final act you came here for
ref: 2001, “My Plague”, in Iowa, performed by Slipknot:
text: […]threatened by the conniptions gripping Wall Street
ref: 2008 October 20, Businessweek:
text: MARC JACOBS is the Michael Bloomberg of the West Village and also its Sam Walton. Jane Jacobs would have loved him, if she wasn’t overcome by conniptions at his oozing influence over her beloved neighborhood streets.
ref: 2010 November 10, John Caramanica, “Monopoly by Marc Jacobs”, in The New York Times:
text: The Dodgers tried late to make a push for him last winter, with their splashy offseason already over the billion-dollar mark. They expressed interest in him over the trade deadline, even if prying him from the San Francisco Giants would have caused a conniption for fans of the historic rivals.
ref: 2024 November 27, Rabian Ardaya, “For the Dodgers, signing Blake Snell always made the most sense”, in The New York Times:
synonyms: word: tantrum
word: tantrum
word: catfit
word: conniption
word: conniption fit
word: dummy spit
word: headfit
word: hissy
word: hissy fit
word: meltdown
word: paddy
word: shit fit
word: snit fit
word: wobbler
word: wobbly
glosses: A fit of anger or panic; conniption fit.
examples: text: The joke was not that funny, but he went into conniptions laughing.
synonyms: the giggles
glosses: A fit of laughing; convulsion.
typhoid fever
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: typhoid fevers
Senses: examples: text: The great French microbiologist Louis Pasteur [...] lost three of his five children to typhoid fever.
ref: 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 377:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
synonyms: word: abdominal typhus
word: drain fever
word: enteric fever
word: typhoid
english: shortened form
translation: shortened form
glosses: An illness caused by the bacterium serovar Salmonella Typhi. Not to be confused with typhus.
Related terms: paratyphoid fever
typhus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtaɪfəs/
rhymes: -aɪfəs
Forms: form: typhuses
Etymology: From New Latin typhus, from Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos, “fever, stupor”), from τύφω (túphō, “to smoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-, extended form of *dʰew- (“scatter like dust”).
Senses: examples: text: Typhoid and typhus have similar names and symptoms, but are different diseases.
ref: 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 377:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Any of several similar diseases, characterised by high recurrent fever, caused by Rickettsia bacteria. Not to be confused with typhoid fever.
Synonyms: camp fever
gaol fever
hospital fever
jail fever
prison fever
putrid fever
ship fever
Derived terms: abdominal typhus
bush typhus
chigger-borne typhus
endemic typhus
epidemic typhus
flea-borne typhus
Indian tick typhus
Kenya tick typhus
murine typhus
rat typhus
scrub typhus
tick typhus
tsutsugamushi
typhous
typhus fever
urban typhus
nicer
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of nice: more nice
nicer
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: glosses: comparative form of nice: more nice
bonhomie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɒnəmiː/
ipa: /ˈbɑnəmi/
ipa: /ˌbɑnəˈmi/
ipa: /ˌboʊ-/
Forms: form: bonhomies
Etymology: PIE word
 *dʰéǵʰōm
Borrowed from French bonhomie, bonhommie (“good-heartedness; extreme credulity”), from bonhomme (“chap, fellow; courageous man; peasant; unwise man who allows himself to be deceived and dominated”) (from bon (“good”) + homme (“man”)) + -ie (suffix forming feminine, usually abstract, nouns).
Senses: examples: text: His ungainly person and awkward manners were against him with men accustomed to the graces of society, and he was not sufficiently at home to give play to his humor and to that bonhomie which won the hearts of all who knew him.
ref: 1849, Washington Irving, chapter XIV, in Life of Oliver Goldsmith, revised edition, Chicago, Ill.: Belford-Clarke Co., →OCLC, page 106:
text: [T]he unknown Arlo Guthrie takes the stage, ending up in the movie, and – through sheer bonhomie – selling a million copies of Alice's Restaurant.
ref: 2019 August 15, Bob Stanley, “‘Groovy, groovy, groovy’: listening to Woodstock 50 years on – all 38 discs”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 11 Jan 2022:
text: While Mr. Romney was used to being the man in charge, as a former CEO, governor, and presidential nominee, Mr. Curtis has spent the last seven years in Congress quietly developing a reputation for bipartisan bonhomie.
ref: 2025 January 28, Cameron Joseph, “Meet Mitt Romney’s replacement – who could make or break the Trump agenda”, in The Christian Science Monitor:
synonyms: word: affability
word: geniality
word: affability
word: amiability
word: amicability
word: approachability
word: bonhomie
word: cordiality
word: friendliness
word: geniality
word: pleasantness
antonyms: hostility
unfriendliness
glosses: A friendly, good-natured, pleasant manner; an affable and approachable disposition; friendliness.
synonyms: word: conviviality
word: craic
word: warmth
glosses: An atmosphere of friendliness and good cheer.
glosses: A cheerful remark.
Derived terms: bonhomous
throw in the towel
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: throws in the towel
form: throwing in the towel
form: threw in the towel
form: thrown in the towel
Etymology: From the traditional signal from a boxer's support staff of throwing such an item into a boxing ring to indicate that the contestant cannot continue the match and is forfeiting to the opponent.
Senses: examples: text: If their restaurant can't get business even on Mother's Day, it might be time for them to throw in the towel.
text: In short, there was so much space and so many things to shove things behind that most people, called on to find a silver cow-creamer there, would have said “Oh, what's the use?” and thrown in the towel.
ref: 1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VIII:
text: One key imponderable is the attitude of the companies that will no longer have a role in the business. It is worth noting here that several have already thrown the towel in or been gently pushed out, such as Stagecoach and National Express.
ref: 2024 July 10, Christian Wolmar, “The future of the rail franchises is certainly uncertain”, in RAIL, number 1013, page 50:
glosses: To quit; to give up.
Synonyms: throw in the cards
throw in the sponge
throw up one's hands
throw up the sponge
Related terms: throw to the dogs
throw to the wolves
step on it
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: steps on it
form: stepping on it
form: stepped on it
form: stepped on it
Etymology: An automobile accelerator is usually a foot pedal, so stepping down harder increases the acceleration.
Senses: examples: text: If I step on it, I can still arrive on time.
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: To drive fast; to step on the accelerator.
examples: text: They'll have to step on it to finish the paper tonight.
glosses: To act quickly.
Related terms: bug out
burn rubber
floor it
haul ass
make like a tree
make tracks
pedal to the metal
take off
canter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæn.tə/
ipa: /ˈkæn.tɚ/
ipa: [ˈkɛən.tɚ]
rhymes: -æntə(ɹ)
Forms: form: canters
Etymology: Short for Canterbury pace, from the supposed easy pace of medieval pilgrims to Canterbury.
Senses: glosses: A gait of a horse between a trot and a gallop, consisting of three beats and a "suspension" phase, where there are no feet on the ground. Also describing this gait on other four-legged animals.
glosses: A ride on a horse at such speed.
Derived terms: counter-canter
canter
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæn.tə/
ipa: /ˈkæn.tɚ/
ipa: [ˈkɛən.tɚ]
rhymes: -æntə(ɹ)
Forms: form: canters
form: cantering
form: cantered
form: cantered
Etymology: Short for Canterbury pace, from the supposed easy pace of medieval pilgrims to Canterbury.
Senses: glosses: To move at such pace.
glosses: To cause to move at a canter; to ride (a horse) at a canter.
Derived terms: canterer
counter-canter
in a canter
at a canter
canter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæn.tə/
ipa: /ˈkæn.tɚ/
ipa: [ˈkɛən.tɚ]
rhymes: -æntə(ɹ)
Forms: form: canters
Etymology: From cant + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who cants or whines; a beggar.
examples: text: The days when he was a canter and a rebel.
ref: 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XI, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
text: From lawn-sleeved ranters to kerbstone canters, From bishops to Army lasses.
ref: 1974, Bill Wannan, With Malice Aforethought, page 85:
glosses: One who makes hypocritical pretensions to goodness; one who uses canting language.
in a canter
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of at a canter.
at a canter
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Forms: form: in a canter
Senses: examples: text: “When an artist becomes pop, it’s because the people choose it,” she says, now speaking at a canter.
ref: 2019 June 28, Michael Cragg, “Meet Rosalía”, in The Guardian:
text: It was down to Foden that any anxious moments on Wednesday evening - and there were some - were forgotten as City ended winners at a canter while showing the fluency, rhythm and threat they did not offer against Arsenal.
ref: 2024 April 3, Phil McNulty, “Man City 4-1 Aston Villa: Phil Foden produces 'masterclass' to show worth again”, in BBC:
synonyms: in a walk
glosses: Without much effort; effortlessly; easily.