cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
prescriptionist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more prescriptionist
form: most prescriptionist
Etymology: From prescription + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: Much of the disagreement between the prescriptionist and descriptionist views turns on the question of compensation among generations.
ref: 1996, James P. Bruce, Hoe-sŏng Yi, Erik F. Haites, Climate Change 1995, →ISBN:
text: Educators often come into the profession with a certain view of language that is more prescriptionist in nature (Edwards, 1982; Taylor, 1983; Trudgill, 1975; Williams, 1976).
ref: 2008, Maria Elisa Paredes, Language Attitudes, Linguistic Knowledge, and the Multicultural Education of Pre-Service Teachers, →ISBN:
text: Teaching the English language may be their bread and butter, but they are unable to enforce the notion of a 'standard prescriptionist English.'
ref: 2014, Stuart Nicholson, Is Jazz Dead?: Or Has It Moved to a New Address, →ISBN, page 174:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
political-science
sciences
social-sciences
synonyms: prescriptionistic
prescriptive
prescriptivist#Adjective
prescriptivistic
glosses: Relying on historical precedent rather than current usage (to determine rights or correctness).
prescriptionist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prescriptionists
Etymology: From prescription + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: In a fine essay, Terry Eagleton has argued that rights, for a prescriptionist like Burke, are validated by 'the recounting of a certain narrative'.
ref: 2005, G. Edwards, Narrative Order, 1789-1819: Life and Story in an Age of Revolution, →ISBN:
text: When there are many speakers of a language around, even the staunchest prescriptionist would agree that the manner of spelling is less vital to the perpetuation of the language.
ref: 2009, Paul V. Kroskrity, Margaret C. Field, Native American Language Ideologies, →ISBN:
text: But that would depend on us being a usagist rather than a prescriptionist with respect to language.
ref: 2013, Rachel Schutt, Cathy O'Neil, Doing Data Science: Straight Talk from the Frontline, →ISBN, page 13:
glosses: One who advocates a prescriptionist approach.
examples: text: The practical prescriptionist is an expert at compatibility, for his daily work brings him continually face to face with the problems of compatibility and incompatibility; and he usually knows more Meteria Medica (not Therapeutics) than all the physicians in his town.
ref: 1907, The Northwestern Druggist, page 19:
text: In the meantime the prescriptionist transfers data from the doctor's prescription to the computer. The computer prices the drug and writes out a label while the prescriptionist collects the prescribed drug.
ref: 1984, Joaquin Bonal, J. W. Poston, Clinical Pharmacy and Patient Education, →ISBN:
text: He started to think of himself as being like "a prescriptionist." "I had to explain to people who didn't know enough about whether they should take aspirin or Anacin," and people would do anything the "guy in the white coat" -- the stockbroker-- told them to do.
ref: 2009, Alice Schroeder, The Snowball: Warren Buffett and the Business of Life, →ISBN:
text: He has served as a prescriptionist to the leading pharmacists of the old country, and been employed in many of our American cities.
ref: 2013, Robin Sterling, People and Things from the Cullman, Alabama Tribune 1877 - 1898, →ISBN:
glosses: A specialist in preparing medications.
examples: text: In North Carolina, as throughout the Southern Region, all timber management prescriptions are prepared by a certified compartment prescriptionist, a forester, who has completed formal training and has demonstrated proficiency in on-the-job application of standard silvicultural practices.
ref: 1974, John P Slusher, Thomas M Hinkley, Proceedings, page 61:
text: The exercise prescriptionist must be aware of these various causes when assessing posture.
ref: 1985, J. Gavin Reid, John M. Thomson, Exercise Prescription for Fitness, page 38:
text: Experience as an educational prescriptionist or in any other teaching field is not considered qualifying experience.
ref: 1996, Overseas Employment Opportunities for Educators, →ISBN:
glosses: One who prescribes.
Synonyms: prescriptivist
prescriptionists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of prescriptionist
high-functioning
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more high-functioning
form: higher-functioning
form: most high-functioning
form: highest-functioning
form: high functioning
Etymology: From high + functioning.
Senses: examples: text: The high-functioning therapists were found to have a greater tendency to confront patients and, when they did so, confronted them with their resources.
ref: 1978, Allen E. Bergen with Sol Louis Garfield, Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change: An Empirical Analysis, New York: Wiley, →ISBN, page 944:
glosses: Functioning or operating at a high level.
examples: text: A unit wide behavioral programming system for high functioning mentally retarded clients who displayed maladaptive behavioral excesses...
ref: 1986 January 24, R.M. Fox, D.R. Bechtel, C. Bird, J. Livesay, R. Bittle, “A comprehensive institutional treatment program for aggressive-disruptive high functioning mentally retarded persons”, in Behavioral Residential Treatment, volume 1, number 1, →ISSN, pages 39–56:
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: Of a person with a developmental or intellectual disability or mental illness, able to function in society; not greatly affected by a disability or illness.
examples: text: Analysis of Wechsler IQ test scores for high-functioning autistic children and adults with Verbal and Full Scale IQ≥70 only partially supports previous contentions about the presence of a distinct profile of scores in autism.
ref: 1996 August 24, Don J. Siegel, Nancy J. Minshew, “Wechsler IQ profiles in diagnosis of high-functioning autism”, in Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, volume 26, number 4, →ISSN, page 400:
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: Of a person with autism, exhibiting relatively high cognitive function.
Coordinate terms: low-functioning
Derived terms: high-functioning autism
gas boat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gas boats
Etymology: From gas + boat.
Senses: examples: text: Round noon the gas boat’s impudent sputter ticked out across the wide face of the Naas River.
ref: 1941, Emily Carr, chapter 9, in Klee Wyck:
glosses: A boat powered by a petrol engine.
preslug
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: preslugs
Etymology: From pre- + slug.
Senses: examples: text: A preslug of brine solution is often used to condition the reservoir by displacing the reservoir brine.
ref: 1983, Improved Oil Recovery, page 203:
text: Usually preslugs were injected to realize optimum salinity in the reservoir and also to control cation exchange.
ref: 1991, P. H. Ogden, Chemicals in the oil industry: developments and applications, page 36:
text: In the first preslug, the foaming concentration was 1.5% and the polymer was 1800ppm.
ref: 2013, James Sheng, Enhanced Oil Recovery Field Case Studies, →ISBN, page 270:
qualifier: chemical engineering
glosses: A substance injected into water contaminated with oil to facilitate the subsequent process of recovering the oil from the water.
preslug
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: preslugs
form: preslugging
form: preslugged
form: preslugged
Etymology: From pre- + slug.
Senses: examples: text: Los Alamos concluded that the use of preslugged material is beneficial, 10 tsi is the optimum pressing pressure, and binders are not necessary.
ref: 1970, Reactor Materials - Volume 13, page 65:
text: One structure consists mainly of spherical porosity; the other consists largely of nonspherical interconnected porosity surrounding high density regions, typical of the material produced by the high pressure preslugging process.
ref: 1974, Nuclear Technology - Volume 22, page 336:
text: Pellets will be preslugged and granulated, binder will be added as needed and the powder will be fed to a high speed pellet press and apparatus to check density, load the pellets into boats and transfer them to the loading and sintering operation.
ref: 1977, High Performance Fuel Laboratory, Hanford Reservation: Environmental Impact Statement:
qualifier: nuclear engineering
glosses: To compress (fuel) into pellets before use.
examples: text: Either header sheets or dark-mark coding directly on the answer document itself provides the input to the computer memory for pre-codable information such as test, level, or form, while response spaces to be marked by the user take care of all kinds of unique identifying information, such as community, school, grade, name, sex, and so forth. Preslugging on a line printer is used for a student identification code.
ref: 1972, Oscar Krisen Buros, The Seventh Mental Measurements Yearbook - Issue 7, Volume 2, page 1001:
text: The reaction to the computer-prepared preslugged answer sheets was unanimously favorable. The preprinting of the applicant's identification number and name on a tear-off end strip made positive identification quick and easy.
ref: 1976, New Jersey Civil Service Commission, Annual Report - Volume 70, page 12:
text: The new system "preslugs" the students' ID and its attendant information on an optical scanning form when they take a test.
ref: 1980 March 24, “DP Link to Aid Puerto Rican School Children”, in Computerworld, volume 14, number 12, page 17:
text: Do not mark in the ID boxes on the answer sheet as these have been preslugged to insure confidentiality.
ref: 2008, Learner-centered Practices in Counselor Education, →ISBN:
glosses: To preprint on a form with automatically-generated individual identifying information.
examples: text: I came to Virginia from Bloomington, Indiana, where I had gone in pursuit of a story we at the Tatler had preslugged "The Violence Teachers."
ref: 1995, James Lehrer, The Last Debate, →ISBN, page 56:
topics: journalism
media
glosses: To give a title, header, or catchline before writing the piece.
preslugs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of preslug
preslugs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of preslug
preslugging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of preslug
preslugged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of preslug
feelsome
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more feelsome
form: most feelsome
Etymology: From feel + -some.
Senses: examples: text: Or in secret was that gesture being exploited to arouse, by one clad in earthen vesture, notice in the feelsome house? Mostly it's but like a sleeper turning over in his bed, — suddenly it takes a deeper meaning, filling me with dread.
ref: 1952, Rainer Maria Rilke, From the remains of Count C.W.:
text: There was a great big furry fuzzy Papa Bear, and a middle-sized fuzzy furry Mama Bear, and a tiny little Baby Bear with fur as soft and feelsome as velvet.
ref: 1997, Suzette Haden Elgin, Try to feel it my way:
text: It wasn't quite as feelsome as the Palm V, because one could only roll a thumbwheel and type on its tiny keyboard.
ref: 2011, Michael Chorost, World Wide Mind:
glosses: Characterised or marked by feeling; pleasurable to the touch; nice to feel
jaildom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From jail + -dom.
Senses: examples: text: In the high society of jaildom his official standing would be several degrees below zero.
ref: 1917, Pomona College Magazine - Volumes 6-8
text: The development of Borstal institutions means that young persons between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one seldom have to endure the taint of jaildom, and the new system of placing every possible accused adult on probation helps to reserve prisons almost entirely for habitual criminals.
ref: 1926, The Atlantic Monthly, volume 137:
text: The feeling of jaildom deepened around them. Neither had ever seen the inside of a prison, but each felt that this surely was what a prison must be like.
ref: 1930, Brinsley MacNamara, Return to Ebontheever:
text: [...] when you cannot control your followers and do not wish to lead them, get picked up by the police, you are in jail and you are not responsible for your responsibilities of leadership because you have embraced jaildom.
ref: 1988, Economic and Political Weekly, volume 23:
text: He clanged our way to the far end where the "better element" of jaildom, the high-swindlers and bootleggers were kept.
ref: 2005, Frank Lloyd Wright, Frank Lloyd Wright: An Autobiography:
text: I tucked Marie in and let Vinnie out of his kitty jaildom.
ref: 2011, Lizz Lund, Kitchen Addiction!:
text: It'll be almost two years of jaildom soon. Unbelievable!
ref: 2014, Shaun Attwood, Hard Time: Life with Sheriff Joe Arpaio in America's Toughest Jail:
glosses: The state or condition of being jailed; imprisonment
ignomous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more ignomous
form: most ignomous
Etymology: Medial clipping of ignominious
Senses: examples: text: But we scorned the indictment and today are paying the price of our mistaken loyality by an ignomous death with all the world looking on.
ref: 1918, Ella M. Clark, The Ramoth, North Adams, Michigan: Louis V. Harvey, →OCLC:
text: Raising a new army he advanced towards Mathura once again. But this time too he had to suffer an ignomous defeat.
ref: 2003, Anant Damodar Athawale with Prbhakar Shivram Sabnis, Lord Shrikrishna the Revered Politician, Delhi: Chaukhmaba Sanskrit Pratishthan, →OCLC, page 28:
glosses: Ignominious; marked by shame
Derived terms: ignomously
myelinolysis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From myelin + -o- + -lysis.
Senses: examples: text: Rapid correction of hypernatremia and rapid change from normal serum sodium levels to marked hypernatremia may cause myelinolysis in humans, based on supporting data from animal studies 8) .
ref: 2015 June 30, Min Jee Han et al., “A Case of Osmotic Demyelination Presenting with Severe Hypernatremia”, in Electrolytes & Blood Pressure : E & BP, volume 13, →DOI:
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Destruction of the myelin sheath
Synonyms: english: usually synonymous because most mentions of demyelination involve instances of myelinolysis
translation: usually synonymous because most mentions of demyelination involve instances of myelinolysis
word: demyelination
english: which is an uncommon synonym
translation: which is an uncommon synonym
word: myelinoclasis
oligosilanyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From oligo- + silanyl.
Senses: examples: text: In the current study we reported a number of lanthanide (+II) complexes with oligosilanyl ligands.
ref: 2015 July 1, Rainer Zitz et al., “Neutral “Cp-Free” Silyl-Lanthanide(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding Analysis”, in Inorganic Chemistry, volume 54, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A univalent radical derived from an oligosilane
transarticular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + articular.
Senses: examples: text: The C2 screw can even be inserted in a transarticular method [ 11 ].
ref: 2015 July 28, Atul Goel, “Craniovertebral Junction Instability: A Review of Facts about Facets”, in Asian Spine Journal, volume 9, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: Through or across a joint (of the body)
transsacral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + sacral.
Senses: examples: text: More recent developments in MISS include the extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) approaches, as well as transsacral fusion (axial lumbar interbody fusion, AxiaLIF).
ref: 2015 July 28, Santosh Baliga, Katrina Treon, Niall John Angus Craig, “Low Back Pain: Current Surgical Approaches”, in Asian Spine Journal, volume 9, →DOI:
glosses: Through or across the sacrum
turbimeter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: turbimeters
Senses: examples: text: Turbidity was measured in the field with an Oakton T100 turbimeter to the nearest nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU).
ref: 2015 July 16, Sean T Giery, Craig A Layman, R Brian Langerhans, “Anthropogenic ecosystem fragmentation drives shared and unique patterns of sexual signal divergence among three species of Bahamian mosquitofish”, in Evolutionary Applications, volume 8, →DOI:
glosses: Alternative form of turbidimeter.
tympanotomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tympanotomies
Etymology: From tympano- + -tomy.
Senses: examples: text: The round window niche was exposed through a posterior tympanotomy and mainly the anterior bony overhang of the round window niche was removed.
ref: 2015 February 13, Jing Zou et al., “Imaging cochlear implantation with round window insertion in human temporal bones and cochlear morphological variation using high-resolution cone beam CT”, in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, volume 135, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: incision into the tympanum
Synonyms: myringotomy
tympanostomy
tympanotomies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tympanotomy
amidates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Biasing building block debris away from amidates ( 8 / 11 ) into thioates ( 9 / 12 ) that are more easily removed by diafiltration would suppress short-mer formation.
ref: 2015 May 26, Piers R J Gaffney et al., “Liquid-Phase Synthesis of 2′-Methyl-RNA on a Homostar Support through Organic-Solvent Nanofiltration”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:
glosses: plural of amidate
amyboid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The analysis of macrophage behaviour over time shows that among eGFP + macrophages displaying an amyboid phenotype at the wound edge 6 hpA, 50% change toward a fibroblastic phenotype from 11 hpA when they moved distally (Video 5).
ref: 2015, Mai Nguyen-Chi et al., “Identification of polarized macrophage subsets in zebrafish”, in eLife, volume 4, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of ameboid.
long-bonneted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Whilst they sat they heard the whirr of a motor car, and a long-bonneted limousine came into view and stopped opposite the gates, and a lady got out.
ref: 1927, Edgar Wallace, chapter 11, in The Man Who Was Nobody:
text: This is from the same school—it’s a long bonneted, rear drive coupe after all—but here the masses are more centralised and better controlled.
ref: 2015 April 16, Ollie Marriage, “First Drive: Mercedes-Benz AMG GT GT S Premium 2dr Auto”, in Top Gear:
glosses: (of a motor vehicle) Having a long bonnet.
antifibrillar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more antifibrillar
form: most antifibrillar
Etymology: From anti- + fibrillar.
Senses: examples: text: Its extracts have also been reported with a broad range of therapeutic effects such as antioxidant, antiaging, antihypertensive, anticancerous, antimalarial, antiinflammatory, antifibrillar, anthelmintic, antiarrhythmic, anticholinergic, antidysentry, antidiarrhoeal, antihypotensive, anticontractile, antipyretic, antidiuretic, sympathomimetic, and antipsychotic [ 10 – 12 ].
ref: 2015 August 4, Shivalika Pathania et al., “SerpentinaDB: a database of plant-derived molecules of Rauvolfia serpentina”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:
glosses: That acts against fibrils or their effects
sprummer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Blend of spring + summer
Senses: examples: text: SPRUMMER is the Tavistock Repertory Company's season between April and July at the TOWER THEATRE
ref: 1963, Encore - Issues 41-52, page 47:
text: Spring and summer chinook ("sprummer" chinook to the National Marine Fisheries Service) hang on at critically low levels that represent irretrievable loss of invaluable genetic diversity.
ref: 1991, Northwest Energy News:
ref: 2011 April, Katie Duncan, “Sprinting into sprummer”, in Australian Geographic:
text: Revising and reassigning the antipodean seasons, he divides spring into a two-month “sprinter” (August–September) and two-month “sprummer” (October–November).
ref: 2013, John Charles Ryan, Toward a phen (omen) ology of the seasons: The emergence of the Indigenous Weather Knowledge Project (IWKP):
text: So, while the changes are different from those on the coast, sprinter with its early bulbs and sprummer with the local waratah are useful times to reflect on seasonal changes in the Blue Mountains.
ref: 2014, Timothy Entwisle, Sprinter and Sprummer: Australia's Changing Seasons, page 83:
ref: 2016 March, Roger Farrow, “Field trips spring to summer (sprummer)”, in Journal (Australian Native Plants Society. Canberra Region, volume 18, number 7:
glosses: Transition period between spring and summer: late spring.
Coordinate terms: sprinter
myeloproliferative neoplasm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: myeloproliferative neoplasms
Senses: examples: MPN (initialism)
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: One of a group of diseases of the bone marrow in which excess blood cells are produced.
Synonyms: sense: older term
alt: MPD
word: myeloproliferative diseases
essential thrombocythemia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: essential thrombocythemias
form: essential thrombocythaemia
form: ET
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: a rare chronic blood disorder characterised by the overproduction of platelets by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow
Synonyms: essential thrombocytosis
primary thrombocytosis
beggar-thy-neighbour
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of beggar-thy-neighbor.
occurrentially
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From occurrential + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: If we delve further into the cooccurrence criterion, we see that adverb classes are not only occurrentially compatible or incompatible.
ref: 2003, JM García Núñez, Semantic Constraints on the Distribution of English Higher Adverbs, Universidad de Cádiz, Ontal page 106, PDF page 4
roman: The upshot is that BHAs are occurrentially different from MHAs.
text: One cannot be occurrentially honest without being simultaneously engaged in a certain activity (where an event of deciding is also an action).
ref: 2009, Fabienne Martin - Stuttgart University, 9th International Conference on Tense, Aspect and Modality, The Paris Chicago Centre University Press, page 132
glosses: In terms of occurrence.
Derived terms: occurrential
occurrence
occur
occurrential
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From occurrence.
Senses: examples: text: This seems to indicate that there are three groups of nominalizations coming from evaluative adjectives: those belonging to the imprudencia type, having both an occurrential and a non-occurrential reading, those that behave like travesura,
ref: 2015, Jason Smith & Tabea Ihsane, Romance Linguistics 2012: Selected Papers from the 42nd Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages - Cedar City, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 269
text: The occurrential modal may in addition show in optative expressions like [31].
ref: 1966, Madeline Elizabeth Ehrman, The Meanings of the Modals in Present-Day American English, Mouton Publications - The University Press, page 84
text: In reality, what is essential for the functioning of language is not just any co-occurrential relation, or any co-occurrence, but only categorial co-occurrential relations.
ref: 1975, Leon Zawadowski, Inductive Semantics and Syntax: Foundations of Empirical Linguistics, Mouton Publications - The Michigan University Press, page 153
text: Perhaps one may best express this by saying that concepts refer to occurrential elements of occurrential structure, while propositions refer to occurrential structures of occurrential elements.
ref: 1936, Abram Cornelius Benjamin, The Logical Structure of Science, K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Company Limited Publishing - The Michigan University Press, page 160
text: In the first case, we then have to determine if the localization is made by a temporal constant (feature chronological) or another occurrence (feature occurrential).
ref: 1996, Giovanni Adorni & Michael Zock, Trends in Natural Language Generation - An Artificial Intelligence Perspective, Springer Publishing Association, page 250
text: We are still only at the beginnings of an occurrential sociology. Here I would just like to raise two points which may be of some methodological interest.
ref: 1971, Edgar Morin, Rumour in Orléans, Pantheon Books - The Michigan University Press, page 269
text: ...an occurrential hypothesis...
ref: 2012, Y. King-Farlow & W.N. Christensen, Faith and the Life of Reason, D. Reidel Publishing Company - Dordrecht - Holland, page 193
text: With regard to the relative text-occurrential frequency of subjective nb, Takahashi quotes the two linguistic advisers of Bibliographisches Institut Mannheim in the early eighties.
ref: 1997, Toril Swan, Olaf Jansen Westvik, Modality in Germanic Languages: Historical and Comparative Perspectives, Mouton de Gruyter - Berlin • New York, page 216
glosses: Of, pertaining to, or essentiating an occurrence or occurrences; occurrent.
Derived terms: occurrentially
WMVs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of WMV
perspectivalization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From perspectival + -ization.
Senses: examples: text: There is an analogy between how profiling and perspectivalization work and the way the original Minskyan frames work.
ref: 2011, Claudia Maienborn • Klaus von Heusinger • Paul Portner, Semantics: An International Handbook of Natural Language Meaning - Volume 1, De Gruyter Mouton Publishing, page 682
text: One of the results of perspectivalization is the circumstantial and contextual suspension of a literal ontological attitude.
ref: 2016, Marc Lamparello, Reason and Counterpoint, Wipf & Stock Publishing - Eugene & Oregon, page 410
text: Much of what follows is about changed perspectives, or what my mentor, Sherman Paul, terms perspectivalization, a primary postmodern virtue.
ref: 1996, Michael Joyce, Of Two Minds: Hypertext Pedagogy and Poetics, Ann Arbor - The Michigan University Press, page 1
glosses: The act of causing to become perspectival.
Related terms: perspectivization
perspectivation
perspectivalisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of perspectivalization.
magic asterisk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: magic asterisks
Etymology: Coined by Howard Henry Baker Jr., from the Reagan administration's use in 1981 of asterisks as placeholders for cuts yet to be decided in government spending.
Senses: examples: text: The other technique, known as the "magic asterisk," consisted of hiding phony cuts in the small print of various budget documents in order to exaggerate the Administration's success in spending reduction and to minimize the projected deficit.
ref: 1986 May 11, Michael Kinsley, “IN THE LAND OF THE MAGIC ASTERISK”, in New York Times:
text: Howard Baker, then a Senator, had dubbed them the "magic asterisk," for it was blithely assumed that they would be taken care of at a later date.
ref: 1991, Wallace C. Peterson, Transfer Spending, Taxes, and the American Welfare State, Kluwer Academic Publishers, section 99:
text: "They have a magic asterisk," Hoyer said.
The magic asterisk: The words alone are enough to strike fear into the hearts of grizzled veterans of the budget wars.
ref: 2015 March 17, Max Ehrenfreund, “House Republican budget: There’s a mysterious $1.1 trillion in spending cuts in the House GOP’s budget”, in Washington Post:
topics: economics
government
politics
sciences
glosses: an unspecified future budget cut, especially an imaginary cut.
wikipedia: Howard Henry Baker Jr.
Auer rod
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Auer rods
Etymology: First described in 1905 by a Canadian physician, Thomas McCrae, then at The Johns Hopkins Hospital, one year before John Auer (1875-1948), the US physiologist after whom they are named.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: clumps of azurophilic granular material that typically form elongated needles seen in the cytoplasm of myeloid leukemic blast cells.
wikipedia: John Auer
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Thomas McCrae
Synonyms: Auer body
refractory anaemia with excess blasts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: refractory anaemias with excess blasts
form: RAEB
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: One of the myelodysplastic syndromes, namely having between 5-20% myeloblasts in the bone marrow; by the WHO further subdivided into RAEB-1 and RAEB-2, with 5-9% and 10-19% blasts, respectively.
Hypernyms: myelodysplastic syndrome
Related terms: RAEB-1
RAEB-2
dyserythropoiesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /dɪsɪˌɹɪθɹəʊpɔɪˈiːsɪs/
Forms: form: dyserythropoieses
form: diserythropoiesis
Etymology: From dys- + erythropoiesis.
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: An abnormal erythropoiesis, including such phenomena as multinuclearity, nuclear fragmentation, dyshemoglobinization etc.
sudden stratospheric warming
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sudden stratospheric warmings
Senses: topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A weather phenomenon where the polar vortex breaks down, causing a sudden temperature increase in the stratosphere of 50 kelvin or more.
North Atlantic Oscillation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: North Atlantic Oscillations
Senses: topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: The difference in pressure between the Azores High and the Icelandic Low, which changes periodically and controls the strength of the Westerlies. Usually abbreviated NAO.
Azores High
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A center of high atmospheric pressure that is always present around the Azores and plays an important role for the weather in Europe.
Icelandic Low
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A center of low atmospheric pressure that is always present around Iceland and plays an important role for the weather in Europe.
Stevenson screen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Stevenson screens
Etymology: Designed by Thomas Stevenson (1818–1887), British civil engineer.
Senses: topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A standardized shelter that holds meteorological instruments and protects them from directly being influenced by wind, sunlight and rain.
ad feminam
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Coined as a female equivalent for ad hominem.
Senses: glosses: Related to an invalid response to an argument by attacking the woman who made it in a sexist manner.
ad feminam
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: Coined as a female equivalent for ad hominem.
Senses: glosses: In a manner that attacks a woman in a sexist manner instead of her argument.
ad feminam
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ad feminams
Etymology: Coined as a female equivalent for ad hominem.
Senses: glosses: An invalid response to an argument by deploying a sexist attack against the woman who made it.
Hypernyms: ad hominem
bilobectomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bilobectomies
Etymology: From bi- + lobectomy.
Senses: examples: text: The majority of surgeries were performed using wedge resection ( n = 439, 71.4 %), followed by lobectomy ( n = 109, 17.7 %), segmentectomy ( n = 41, 6.7 %), precision excision ( n = 20, 3.3 %), bilobectomy ( n = 5, 0.8 %), and pneumonectomy ( n = 1, 0.2 %).
ref: 2015 July 25, Jong Ho Cho et al., “The prognostic importance of the number of metastases in pulmonary metastasectomy of colorectal cancer”, in World Journal of Surgical Oncology, volume 13, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: Removal of two lobes of the right lung (middle plus right upper or lower)
chromans
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Next, a competing functional group (OH in 4-mercaptophenol 2 i) was investigated, as phenols have been shown to form chromans or Friedel–Crafts allylation products under gold-catalysis with allylic alcohols. Pleasingly, the reaction proceeds chemoselectively at the thiophenol site, although the yield is somewhat lower than with other thiophenols (49 %, entry 9).
ref: 2014 July 30, Lorena Herkert et al., “Gold(I)-Catalysed Direct Thioetherifications Using Allylic Alcohols: an Experimental and Computational Study”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 20, →DOI:
glosses: plural of chroman
circumareolar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From circum- + areolar.
Senses: examples: text: Plumber tip is used for adjusting circumareolar purse string sutures. (A) This 38-year-old man presented with Grade III gynecomastia.
ref: 2015 June 11, Ersin Aksam, Berrak Aksam, Mustafa Erol Demirseren, “A Practical Way for Nipple-Areola Complex Reshaping in Circumareolar Reduction of Gynecomastia”, in Aesthetic Surgery Journal, volume 35, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Surrounding an areola
diavolume
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: diavolumes
Etymology: From dia- + volume.
Senses: glosses: The relative volume of a diafiltration buffer compared to the filtrate.
diavolumes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The flux was observed to drop significantly, so this was followed by 10 diavolumes CH 3 OH–CH 3 CN (1:4 v/v) when the flux improved.
ref: 2015 May 26, Piers R J Gaffney et al., “Liquid-Phase Synthesis of 2′-Methyl-RNA on a Homostar Support through Organic-Solvent Nanofiltration”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:
glosses: plural of diavolume
enteroid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: enteroids
Etymology: From entero- + -oid.
Senses: glosses: An organoid derived from the small intestine
Related terms: colonoid
colonoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: colonoids
Etymology: From colon + -oid.
Senses: glosses: An organoid derived from the colon
Related terms: enteroid
enteroids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: These data favored the notion that Paneth cells constituted the major stem cell supporters in cultured enteroids after growth support from non-epithelial compartments was eliminated.
ref: 2015, Soumyashree Das et al., “Rab8a vesicles regulate Wnt ligand delivery and Paneth cell maturation at the intestinal stem cell niche”, in Development (Cambridge, England), volume 142, →DOI:
glosses: plural of enteroid
colonoids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of colonoid
equilibrative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From equilibrate + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: After blocking with 5% nonfat milk in TBST for 1 hour, the membranes were incubated with the primary antibody to PAK4 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA), human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1; Proteintech, Chicago, IL), excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 1 (ERCC1, Santa Cruz Biotech, Santa Cruz, CA), PAK1, phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR, pAkt, Akt, pErk, Erk, and β-actin (Cell Signaling).
ref: 2014 November 24, Sung-Ung Moon et al., “p21-Activated Kinase 4 (PAK4) as a Predictive Marker of Gemcitabine Sensitivity in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines”, in Cancer Research and Treatment : Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association, volume 47, →DOI:
glosses: That equilibrates
croziered abbot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: croziered abbots
Senses: glosses: A brothel bully; a man employed by a brothel as the equivalent of bouncer; a bodyguard for prostitutes.
glosses: A pimp or brothel-owner who runs a brothel for the purpose of robbery or extortion more than for prostitution.
Synonyms: abbot on the cross
croziered abbots
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of croziered abbot
abbot on the cross
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: abbots on the cross
Senses: glosses: Synonym of croziered abbot.
synonyms: word: croziered abbot
glycolipoprotein
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glycolipoproteins
Etymology: From glyco- + lipoprotein.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any lipoprotein that has a covalently-bonded carbohydrate
glycolipoproteins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Wnts are cysteine-rich glycolipoproteins that act as paracrine or autocrine ligands believed to engage in short-range signaling ( Willert et al., 2003 ; Willert and Nusse, 2012 ).
ref: 2015, Soumyashree Das et al., “Rab8a vesicles regulate Wnt ligand delivery and Paneth cell maturation at the intestinal stem cell niche”, in Development (Cambridge, England), volume 142, →DOI:
glosses: plural of glycolipoprotein
abbots on the cross
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of abbot on the cross
hexapyridyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hexa- + pyridyl.
Senses: examples: text: During our initial work on the synthesis of the cyclic porphyrin hexamer c -P6 t Bu, by palladium-catalyzed oxidative coupling of the linear porphyrin monomer l -P1 t Bu or dimer l -P2 t Bu in the presence of the hexapyridyl template T6 (Scheme 1 a), we noticed the formation of a high-mass byproduct, which was identified as the 12-porphyrin nanoring figure-of-eight complex c -P12 t Bu ⋅ ( T6 ) 2 .[ 9b, c ] Analytical gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis of crude reaction mixtures (Figure 1 a ,b) indicated that c -P12 t Bu ⋅ ( T6 ) 2 was formed in yields of 9 and 12 % from l -P1 t Bu and l -P2 t Bu, respectively.
ref: 2014 August 25, Dmitry V Kondratuk et al., “Vernier-Templated Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Supramolecular Chemistry of a 12-Porphyrin Nanoring”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 20, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Six pyridyl radicals in a compound
homosubstituted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From homo- + substituted.
Senses: examples: text: NMR spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the free amine ratio stayed relatively constant after 18 h, which again provided support for a model in which the homosubstituted imines acted as amine sinks during equilibration.
ref: 2015 June 3, Fredrik Schaufelberger, Lei Hu, Olof Ramström, “trans-Symmetric Dynamic Covalent Systems: Connected Transamination and Transimination Reactions”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Having the same substituent
leukosequestration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From leuko- + sequestration.
Senses: examples: text: Neutropenia in septic animals and humans, may be secondary to enhanced leukosequestration at the site of infection (site of LPS injection in our model) or within the lungs, as an antecedent to sepsis-associated acute lung injury, and is associated with worse outcome.
ref: 2015 July 24, Ofer Yanay et al., “Effects of exendin-4, a glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist, on neutrophil count and inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of endotoxemia”, in Journal of Inflammation Research, volume 8, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: sequestration (accumulation from the environment) of leukocytes
multinucleates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Ideally, the cell suspension will be representative of the original tissue, have a high proportion of viable cells and few multinucleates - which tend to form because of the syncytial nature of the seminiferous epithelium 6,7 - and lack cell clumps 1 .
ref: 2013 August 4, Rosana Rodríguez-Casuriaga et al., “Simple and Efficient Technique for the Preparation of Testicular Cell Suspensions”, in Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of multinucleate
neopectoral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From neo- + pectoral.
Senses: examples: text: This 36-year-old woman is shown before (A, C) and 10 years after (B, D) breast reconstruction with a bilateral neopectoral pocket conversion and placement of 255-cc Natrelle 410 full height, full projection implants.
ref: 2015 February 23, G. Patrick Maxwell et al., “Ten-Year Results From the Natrelle 410 Anatomical Form-Stable Silicone Breast Implant Core Study”, in Aesthetic Surgery Journal, volume 35, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: Describing any new construct made to the breast or chest
octadentate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From octa- + dentate.
Senses: examples: text: Recently, the invention of synthetic routes to very large π-conjugated macrocycles has sparked a renaissance in this field, driven by the quest to understand energy transfer, charge delocalization, and nonlinear optical phenomena in these nanostructures.[ 2 – 15 ] Template-directed synthesis makes it possible to create large, fully π-conjugated macrocycles in a size-range that could not have been reached without programmed self-assembly.[ 7, 9, 10 ] The classical template effect translates information from the size and shape of a template to direct the construction of a complementary macrocycle.[ 16 ] We have used this approach to prepare nanorings consisting of 6 and 8 porphyrin units, using hexadentate and octadentate templates.[ 9a – c ] This classical approach is not convenient for the synthesis of larger nanorings because of the inaccessibility of suitable templates.
ref: 2014 August 25, Dmitry V Kondratuk et al., “Vernier-Templated Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Supramolecular Chemistry of a 12-Porphyrin Nanoring”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 20, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Of a ligand, capable of forming eight separate chemical bonds to a coordinating metal ion
octyloxy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: octyloxys
Senses: examples: text: To learn more about this reaction, we investigated the coupling of porphyrin tetramer bearing octyloxy side chains l -P4 C8, as a means to improve the solubility of cyclic byproducts.
ref: 2014 August 25, Dmitry V Kondratuk et al., “Vernier-Templated Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Supramolecular Chemistry of a 12-Porphyrin Nanoring”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 20, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The univalent radical CH₃-(CH₂)₇-O- derived from octanol
parapharyngeal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɪndʒiəl
-iːəl
-ɪndʒəl
Etymology: From para- + pharyngeal.
Senses: examples: text: Figure 3 Postsurgical MRI Gadolinium contrast-enhanced T2-weighted coronal and axial MRI images demonstrate a residual T2 hypointense, enhancing soft tissue mass involving the anterior left maxillary sinus, premaxillary soft tissues, and extending superiorly into the extraconal soft tissues of the left orbit (see arrows). Figure 4 Restaging FDG-PET/CT PET-CT revealing FDG-avid lesions in the anteromedial left maxillary sinus surgical bed, as well as FDG-avid right adenoid tonsillar lesion, squamous temporal bone involvement, and left parapharyngeal nodes (see arrows).
ref: 2015, Alexander Muacevic et al., “Sinonasal NUT-Midline Carcinoma – A Multimodality Approach to Diagnosis, Staging and Post-Surgical Restaging”, in Cureus, volume 7, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Beyond the pharynx
pentacoordinating
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From penta- + coordinating.
Senses: examples: text: Introduction of the designed electron-rich pentacoordinating ligand to generate Ru complex 1 significantly lowers the redox potentials for the complex and allows access to a wide variety of redox states.
ref: 2015 April 29, Tanja M Laine et al., “A Dinuclear Ruthenium-Based Water Oxidation Catalyst: Use of Non-Innocent Ligand Frameworks for Promoting Multi-Electron Reactions”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Having five coordinate bonds to a metal ion
raw_tags: of a ligand
pharmacoinformatics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pharmaco- + informatics.
Senses: examples: text: Thus, hypothesis driven implementation of such pharmacoinformatics pipeline hastens the rate of drug discovery of natural molecules and their simpler mimetics with better pharmacological properties.
ref: 2015 August 4, Shivalika Pathania et al., “SerpentinaDB: a database of plant-derived molecules of Rauvolfia serpentina”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:
glosses: The use of informatics in the design and development of pharmaceuticals
picolyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: picolyls
Etymology: From picoline + -yl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A univalent radical derived from a picoline
Derived terms: picolylamine
picolylamine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: picolylamines
Etymology: From picolyl + amine.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any amine derived from a picoline by replacing a hydrogen atom (of a methyl group) with an -NH₂ group
picolylamines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Heteroaromatic systems generally performed well, albeit without the addition of ZnBr 2 and with a lower amount of free amine with pyridine-based structures due to complexation and degradation of the picolylamines formed (Table 3, entries 8 and 9).
ref: 2015 June 3, Fredrik Schaufelberger, Lei Hu, Olof Ramström, “trans-Symmetric Dynamic Covalent Systems: Connected Transamination and Transimination Reactions”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:
glosses: plural of picolylamine
polyneuronal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From poly- + neuronal.
Senses: examples: text: Alternately, the variation in motor neuron number may be trivial and have little functional impact, because crustacean muscles generally have sparse polyneuronal innervation.
ref: 2015, Zen Faulkes, M Fabiana Kubke, “Motor neurons in the escape response circuit of white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus)”, in PeerJ, volume 3, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to many neurons
proneurotensin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pro- + neurotensin.
Senses: examples: text: In conclusion, higher basal plasma levels of copeptin were found in inactive IBD patients, whereas the basal plasma levels of MR-proADM, MR-proANP, MR-PENK A, NT-PTA, and proneurotensin were not altered in inactive IBD compared with controls in middle-aged subjects.
ref: 2015 July 13, Bodil Ohlsson, Olle Melander, “Basal Plasma Levels of Copeptin are Elevated in Inactive Inflammatory Bowel Disease after Bowel Resection”, in Drug Target Insights, volume 9, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A precursor of the hormone neurotensin
recoordination
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: recoordinations
Etymology: From re- + coordination.
Senses: examples: text: From the generated formal [(L)Ru 2 III,III (pic) 6 (OH 2 )] + intermediate, one picoline ligand can dissociate from the Ru center housing the “hydroxide” ligand (structure A in Figure 8 ), which is concomitant with recoordination of the pyrazole nitrogen to the Ru center.
ref: 2015 April 29, Tanja M Laine et al., “A Dinuclear Ruthenium-Based Water Oxidation Catalyst: Use of Non-Innocent Ligand Frameworks for Promoting Multi-Electron Reactions”, in Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany), volume 21, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A second or subsequent coordination (following dissociation)
reptantian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reptantians
Etymology: Reptantia + -an
Senses: examples: text: In many reptantian crustaceans, the fast flexor muscles are used in two distinct forms of tailflipping.
ref: 2015, Zen Faulkes, M Fabiana Kubke, “Motor neurons in the escape response circuit of white shrimp (Litopenaeus setiferus)”, in PeerJ, volume 3, →DOI:
glosses: Any decapod of the clade Reptantia.