race
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: rās
ipa: /ɹeɪs/
rhymes: -eɪs
Forms: form: races
form: racing
form: raced
form: raced
form: no-table-tags
form: glossary
form: race
form: race
form: raced
form: race
form: racest
form: raced
form: racedst
form: races
form: raceth
form: raced
form: race
form: raced
form: race
form: raced
form: race
form: -
form: racing
form: raced
Etymology: A variant of raze.
From Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to rend; to cleave; etc”), from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French raser, and Old French raser (“to shave; to demolish”), from Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”), the perfect passive participle of rādō (“to scrape, scratch”). Doublet of rash (etymology 2 and etymology 7).
Senses: examples: text: Another source of dust arises from the "hanging" and "racing" of the grindstones. […] This is effected by holding a bar of steel against it whilst it is slowly turned, and is known as "racing" the stone.
ref: 1889 April 20, John T[homas] Arlidge, “Abstract of the Milroy Lectures on Occupation and Trade in Relation to Public Health”, in The Lancet, page 774:
text: The cracks, owing to the custom of sending the stones with rough surfaces from the quarry, are not so clearly visible until the grinders have 'raced' the stones, or, in other words, smoothed the sides and grinding faces.
ref: 1898, Mr. Parkes, “Report Upon the Work of the Factory Department During the Year 1897”, in Reports from Commissioners, Inspectors and Others, volume 14, London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, page 20:
text: Racing means the turning up, cutting or dressing of a revolving grindstone at the factory before the grindstone is brought into use for the first time.
ref: [1932, “No. 343. Metal Grinding Industries (Silicosis) Scheme”, in Statutory Rules and Orders, London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, page 707:
glosses: To sharpen (a grindstone) by scraping its surface.
examples: text: Buckles and agglettes at vnwares, ſhall race his bowe, a thinge both euill for the fight, ⁊ perillous for freatinge.
ref: 1545, Roger Ascham, “The Seconde Booke”, in Toxophilus, the Schole, or Partitions of Shooting […], [new] edition, London: […] Thomas Marshe, published 1571, →OCLC, folio 38, recto:
text: Paine in a horſſes teeth commeth either from pride and corruption of blood, or els from cold rhums, […] the cure is, vvith a ſharp knife to race him alongſt his gummes, cloſe vnder his teeth, both of the inſide and outſide: and then to rubbe them all ouer, either vvith pepper & ſalt vvel mingled together, or vvith claret vvine and pepper heated vpon the fire, […]
ref: 1607, Gervase Markham, “Of Paine in the Teeth, and of the Woolfes”, in Cauelarice, or The English Horseman: […], London: […] [Edward Allde and W[illiam] Jaggard] for Edward White, […], →OCLC, 7th book, page 54:
text: Then File one edge very ſtraight by laying a ſtraight Ruler juſt vvithin the edge of it, and dravving or raceing vvith a point of hardned Steel a bright line by the ſide of the Ruler: […]
ref: 1678 January 11 – February 11 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Moxon, “Numb[er] II. Applied to the Making of Hinges, Locks, Keys, Screws and Nuts Small and Great. Of Locks and Keys.”, in Mechanick Exercises, or The Doctrine of Handy-Works, […], volume I, London: […] Joseph Moxon, published 1683, →OCLC, page 19:
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To cut, scratch, or tear (someone or something) with a sharp object; to lacerate, to slash; specifically (nautical), to make marks on (something, such as a piece of wood) using a race knife.
synonyms: word: carve
word: incise
word: snithe
word: carve
word: chive
word: cut
word: incide
word: incise
word: lacerate
word: race
word: share
word: snead
word: snick
word: slash
word: slive
word: snithe
examples: text: For his further ſecuritie he [Don Roderigo] diſarmed his ſubjects; ſuch Caſtles and ſtrengths as hee vvas jealous of vvere raced, […]
ref: a. 1619 (date written), Walter Raleigh, The Life and Death of Mahomet, the Conquest of Spaine together with the Rysing and Ruine of the Sarazen Empire, London: […] R[alph] H[odgkinson] for Daniel Frere, […], published 1637, →OCLC, page 50:
text: […] Lyſander the General of the Lacedemonians, […] novv reduces all the Dominions of the Athenians, takes the City, races their VValls, ruins their VVorks, and changes the Form of their Government; […]
ref: 1701, [Jonathan Swift], “[A Discourse of the Contests and Dissensions between the Nobles and the Commons in Athens and Rome, with the Consequences They Had upon Both Those States.] Chapter Of the Dissensions in Athens, between the Few and the Many.”, in Miscellanies in Prose and Verse, London: […] John Morphew […], published 1711, →OCLC, page 29:
text: [Edward I of England] cauſed Henry Cobham, […] to race the caſtle that Robert de Crevequer had erected, becauſe Crevequer (that vvas the ovvner of it, and heire to Robert) vvas of the number of the nobles that moved and mainteined vvare againſt him; […]
ref: 1774, Francis Grose, “Leeds Castle, Kent”, in The Antiquities of England and Wales, volume II, London: […] S. Hooper, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To physically destroy; to obliterate:
To level or tear down (a building, a town, etc.) to the ground; to demolish.
synonyms: word: annihilate
word: eradicate
word: destroy
word: annihilate
word: aerosolize
word: atomize
word: benothing
word: bewreck
word: blot out
word: blotto
word: dash
word: decompose
word: demolish
word: desolate
word: devastate
word: diffuse
word: disintegrate
word: disperse
word: dissolve
word: eliminate
word: eradicate
word: erase
word: exterminate
word: extinguish
word: extirpate
word: fuck
word: harry
word: jazz
word: lay waste
word: level
word: liquidate
word: nuke
word: obliterate
word: pull down
word: pulverize
word: race
word: raze
word: ravage
word: remove
word: ruin
word: stamp out
word: total
word: unbreed
word: unexist
word: unmake
word: uproot
word: waste
word: wipe out
word: wipe off
word: wreck
examples: text: [T]he king purſude / And furrovved through the thickned troopes. As vvhen tvvo chaced Bores / Turne head gainſt kennels of bold hounds, and race vvay through their gores: […]
ref: [1611?], Homer, “The Eleventh Booke of Homers Iliads”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC, page 148:
text: RACER, or ſward-cutter, a cutting implement uſed in racing out or cutting through the ſurface of graſs ſward, dividing it into proper widths, lengths, and thickneſs[…]
ref: 1797 [1778], Thomas Mawe, John Abercrombie, The Universal Gardener and Botanist: Or, A General Dictionary of Gardening and Botany, 2nd edition, London: G. G. & J. Robinson; T. Cadell Jun. & W. Davies, page RAC-RAD:
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To physically destroy; to obliterate:
To make (a path or way) through something by cutting or tearing.
synonyms: word: annihilate
word: eradicate
word: destroy
word: annihilate
word: aerosolize
word: atomize
word: benothing
word: bewreck
word: blot out
word: blotto
word: dash
word: decompose
word: demolish
word: desolate
word: devastate
word: diffuse
word: disintegrate
word: disperse
word: dissolve
word: eliminate
word: eradicate
word: erase
word: exterminate
word: extinguish
word: extirpate
word: fuck
word: harry
word: jazz
word: lay waste
word: level
word: liquidate
word: nuke
word: obliterate
word: pull down
word: pulverize
word: race
word: raze
word: ravage
word: remove
word: ruin
word: stamp out
word: total
word: unbreed
word: unexist
word: unmake
word: uproot
word: waste
word: wipe out
word: wipe off
word: wreck
examples: text: Item an old white sattin dublett laced all over with a small silver lace in a worke raced and cutt betweene
ref: 1614 June 15, An Inventory of the late Lo. Privy Seale his Jewels and Plate with their severall waightes and valuations taken the XVIth daie of June, 1614, together with an Inventory of the Goodes and Howsholdestuffe of the said Lo. Privy Seale as well in Northampton Howse as att Grenewiche; republished as “XVI.—An Inventory of the Effects of Henry Howard, K.G., Earl of Northampton, taken on his death in 1614 together with a transcript of his Will.”, in Archaeologia, Or, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquity, volume 42, London: Society of Antiquaries of London, 1869, page 367:
topics: business
clothing
fashion
lifestyle
manufacturing
textiles
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To physically destroy; to obliterate:
To make a cut or slash in (an item of clothing or footwear) as a decoration.
synonyms: word: annihilate
word: eradicate
word: destroy
word: annihilate
word: aerosolize
word: atomize
word: benothing
word: bewreck
word: blot out
word: blotto
word: dash
word: decompose
word: demolish
word: desolate
word: devastate
word: diffuse
word: disintegrate
word: disperse
word: dissolve
word: eliminate
word: eradicate
word: erase
word: exterminate
word: extinguish
word: extirpate
word: fuck
word: harry
word: jazz
word: lay waste
word: level
word: liquidate
word: nuke
word: obliterate
word: pull down
word: pulverize
word: race
word: raze
word: ravage
word: remove
word: ruin
word: stamp out
word: total
word: unbreed
word: unexist
word: unmake
word: uproot
word: waste
word: wipe out
word: wipe off
word: wreck
qualifier: footwear
examples: text: This indenture is raced all the worlde may ſe it: Ceſte indenture eſt faulcée tout le monde le peult veoyr.
ref: 1530 July 28 (Gregorian calendar), Iohan Palsgraue [i.e., John Palsgrave], “The Table of Verbes”, in Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse⸝ […], [London]: […] [Richard Pynson] fynnysshed by Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, 3rd boke, folio cccxxxii, recto, column 1; reprinted Geneva: Slatkine Reprints, October 1972, →OCLC:
text: But I vvill take another order novv, / And race th'eternall Regiſter of time: […]
ref: 1594, Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Nash[e], The Tragedie of Dido Queene of Carthage: […], London: […] Widdowe Orwin, for Thomas Woodcocke, […], →OCLC, Act III, signature A3, recto:
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To erase; to delete; to edit:
To alter (a document) by erasing parts of it.
synonyms: efface
expunct
expunge
oblivionize
examples: text: The wound alas happe in some other place, / From whence no toole away the skar can race.
ref: c. 1528–1541 (date written), Thomas Wyatt, “[Sonnets] Sonnet 31”, in A[gnes] K[ate] Foxwell, editor, The Poems of Sir Thomas Wiat […], volume I, London: Hodder and Stoughton [for the] University of London Press, published 1913, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 43, lines 13–14:
text: Thus there he ſtood, vvhyleſt high ouer his head, / There vvritten vvas the purport of his ſin, / In cyphers ſtrange, that fevv could rightly read, / BON FONS: but bon that once had vvritten bin, / VVas raced out, and Mal vvas novv put in.
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 26, page 303:
text: Goodl[ack]. My name is Captaine Thomas Good—— / Beſſ[e Bridges]. I can ſee no good in thee, Race that ſyllable / Out of thy name.
ref: c. 1597–1603 (date written), Thomas Heywood, The Fair Maid of the West. Or, A Girle Worth Gold. The First Part. […], London: […] [Miles Flesher] for Richard Royston, […], published 1631, →OCLC, Act III, page 38:
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To erase; to delete; to edit:
To erase (a record, text, etc.), originally by scraping; to rub out, to scratch out.
synonyms: efface
expunct
expunge
oblivionize
examples: text: VVithout reſpect of ſex, degree or age. / He raceth all his foes vvith fire and ſvvord.
ref: c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act IIII, scene i:
text: Ile find a day to maſſacre them all, / And race their faction and their familie, […]
ref: c. 1588–1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Most Lamentable Romaine Tragedie of Titus Andronicus: […] (First Quarto), London: […] Iohn Danter, and are to be sold by Edward White & Thomas Millington, […], published 1594, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], signature C2, recto:
glosses: Alternative spelling of raze.
To erase; to delete; to edit:
To completely remove (someone or something), especially from a place, a situation, etc.; also, to remove from existence; to destroy, to obliterate.
synonyms: efface
expunct
expunge
oblivionize
Derived terms: word: raced
word: race knife
english: grasscutting implement
translation: grasscutting implement
word: racer
word: racing
english: to cut, scratch, or tear, especially deeply
translation: to cut, scratch, or tear, especially deeply
word: ranch
english: to hack, slash, or slice (something); to scrape or scratch (something)
translation: to hack, slash, or slice (something); to scrape or scratch (something)
word: rash
english: alternative spelling of unrazed
translation: alternative spelling of unrazed
word: unraced