cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
shallot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃælət/
ipa: /ʃəˈlɑt/
ipa: /ʃəˈlɒt/
rhymes: -ælət
rhymes: -ɒt
Forms: form: shallots
Etymology: Borrowed from French échalote, from Middle French eschalote, alteration of Old French eschaloigne, from Medieval Latin escalonia, from Latin ascalonia (cēpa) (“onion of Ashkelon”). Doublet of scallion.
Senses: glosses: Any vegetable of certain species in the onion family.
Allium ascalonium.
glosses: Any vegetable of certain species in the onion family.
Allium oschaninii.
glosses: Any small onion.
qualifier: New Orleans
glosses: A scallion.
Derived terms: banana shallot
Persian shallot
Related terms: chive
scallion
spring onion
FEC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: FECs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of foreign exchange certificate.
topics: computing
engineering
information-theory
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Initialism of forward error correction.
FEC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: If the allegations highlighted in the complaint were to be proved, either to the FEC or in court, it would strike another political blow against a campaign and presidency that has been beset by ethics violations and accusations of corruption at its highest levels.
ref: 2020 July 28, Ryan Nobles and Gregory Krieg, “Watchdog group files complaint against Trump campaign over lack of transparency in spending”, in CNN:
glosses: Initialism of Federal Election Commission.
FRC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: FRCs
Senses: examples: text: General anesthesia may decrease the functional residual capacity (FRC) for up to 1 to 2 weeks postoperatively.
ref: 2011, Pauline K. Park, “Assessment of Noncardiac Perioperative Risk”, in Michael W. Mulholland, Gerard M. Doherty, editors, Complications in Surgery, 2nd edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, →ISBN, page 83:
topics: medicine
physiology
sciences
glosses: Initialism of functional residual capacity.
glosses: Initialism of family resource center.
glosses: Initialism of fibre/fiber reinforced composite.
glosses: Initialism of fibre/fiber reinforced concrete.
glosses: Initialism of fibre/fiber reinforced cement.
glosses: Abbreviation of fibre/fiber reinforced cement based composite.
FRC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: As he lay on the ground, Corkins said something to the effect, “‘It’s not about you.’ It’s about the FRC and its policies,” according to the prosecution account.
ref: 2013 February 6, Carol Cratty and Michael Pearson, “DC shooter wanted to kill as many as possible, prosecutors say”, in CNN:
glosses: Initialism of Family Research Council.
glosses: Initialism of FIRST Robotics Competition.
Hypernyms: sense: FRC (“composite”)
word: fib[re
sense: FRC (“composite”)
word: er]-reinforced concrete
sense: FRC (“composite”)
word: er] reinforced cement
Hyponyms: CFRP
CNRP
CNTRP
FRP
GFRP
Related terms: sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced composite
word: fiber reinforced composite
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced composite
word: fiber-reinforced composite
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced composite
word: fibre reinforced composite
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced composite
word: fibre-reinforced composite
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced concrete
word: fiber reinforced concrete
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced concrete
word: fiber-reinforced concrete
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced concrete
word: fibre reinforced concrete
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced concrete
word: fibre-reinforced concrete
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced cement
word: fiber reinforced cement
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced cement
word: fiber-reinforced cement
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced cement
word: fibre reinforced cement
sense: fib[re/er]-reinforced cement
word: fibre-reinforced cement
NGA
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of National Governors Association.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Initialism of National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
glosses: Initialism of National Graphical Association.
BRAC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Acronym of Base Realignment and Closure Commission.
USC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Initialism of United States Code.
examples: text: “Over the past several days, discussion relating to the selection of our valedictorian has taken on an alarming tenor,” USC Provost Andrew Guzman said in an online campus-wide letter dated April 15. “The intensity of feelings, fueled by both social media and the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, has grown to include many voices outside of USC and has escalated to the point of creating substantial risks relating to security and disruption at commencement.”
ref: 2024 April 19, Taylor Romine and Aya Elamroussi, “USC calls off speaker appearances at 2024 commencement after canceling its Muslim valedictorian’s speech”, in CNN:
coordinate_terms: UC
UCD
UCSD
UCLA
glosses: Initialism of University of Southern California.
coordinate_terms: UNC
glosses: Initialism of University of South Carolina.
glosses: Initialism of United States customary [units, system].
VARO
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: VAROs
Senses: topics: government
glosses: Acronym of Veterans' Affairs Regional Office.
shrivel
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: shrĭ'vəl
ipa: /ˈʃɹɪvəl/
rhymes: -ɪvəl
Forms: form: shrivels
form: shriveling
form: shrivelling
form: shriveled
form: shriveled
form: shrivelled
form: shrivelled
Etymology: First recorded as shriveled (“shrivelled”), probably of North Germanic origin related to dialectal Swedish skryvla (“to wrinkle, shrivel”); perhaps ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *skrinkwaną (“to shrivel, shrink”) or *skrimpaną (“to shrink”).
Senses: examples: text: The plant shrivelled from lack of water.
glosses: To collapse inward; to crumble.
examples: text: His fingers were shriveled from being in the bath for too long.
glosses: To become wrinkled.
examples: text: The hot sun shrivelled the leaves.
glosses: To draw into wrinkles.
Derived terms: shrivel up
repugnance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɪˈpʌɡnəns/
Forms: form: repugnances
Etymology: From Old French repugnance (French répugnance).
Senses: examples: text: She felt a deep repugnance toward violence.
text: He showed open repugnance at the suggestion.
text: moral repugnance
text: sense of repugnance
text: express repugnance
glosses: Extreme aversion, repulsion.
examples: text: Discourses vain, inconsistant, and full of repugnances and contradictions.
ref: 1662, Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue on the Two Systems of the World (Dialogue Two)
glosses: Contradiction, inconsistency, incompatibility, incongruity; an instance of such.
Related terms: repugnancy
per pro
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Senses: glosses: per procurationem; by the agency of (used when signing a letter in place of someone else)
totem pole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: totem poles
Senses: examples: text: Many visitors to France will go back to the States after a three months' fling of night spots and sight-seeing without remarking that can-can girls and champagne play about the same part in French life today as the tom-tom and totem pole in American life.
ref: 1949 June 26, Ann Hightower, “If Paris Is Can-Can, New York Is Tom-Tom”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page 167:
qualifier: sculpture
glosses: A Native American sculpture found in the Pacific Northwest, made by carving trees, and usually displaying symbolic figures that represent clan lineage, cultural beliefs, or historical events.
examples: text: The teacher's pet was fairly high on the class totem pole.
glosses: A hierarchy or ranking of importance.
Hyponyms: family pole
memorial pole
mortuary pole
ridicule pole
shame pole
welcome pole
Derived terms: high on the totem pole
low on the totem pole
interrogatory
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹɑɡəˌtɔɹi/
ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətəɹi/
ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətɹi/
Forms: form: interrogatories
Etymology: From Late Latin; equivalent to interrogate + -ory (“pertaining to”), or more distantly inter- + rogatory.
Senses: examples: text: Sidney interposed with an interrogatory concerning the legality of the evidence
ref: 1763-1783, Catharine Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James I to that of the Brunswick Line:
text: Kimberling, on the advice of his lawyer Frank Kameny, refused to answer several questions put to him on the 16-question interrogatory. After strong objections, the questions in question were withdrawn.
ref: 1976 December 11, “Security Clearance Cleared”, in Gay Community News, volume 4, number 24, page 3:
text: If those attempts are unsuccessful, the attorney requesting the interrogatories may file a motion for sanctions with the court. The sanctions range from attorney fees to prohibiting the nonanswering party from presenting or defending claims.
ref: 2013, James J. Gross, It's Splitsville: Surviving Your Divorce, page 240:
topics: law
glosses: A formal question or set of questions submitted to opposing party to answer, generally governed by court rule.
examples: text: But when he found that some of his interrogatories were evaded, and others answered undecisively, the look of gentleness which he had assumed, vanished, and his brow wore the cloud of disappointment and of anger.
ref: 1798, Eleanor Sleath, The Orphan of the Rhine:
glosses: A question; an interrogation.
interrogatory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹɑɡəˌtɔɹi/
ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətəɹi/
ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹɒɡətɹi/
Forms: form: more interrogatory
form: most interrogatory
Etymology: From Late Latin; equivalent to interrogate + -ory (“pertaining to”), or more distantly inter- + rogatory.
Senses: examples: text: an interrogatory glance
text: The interrogatory stare of the cardinal is enough to bring a man to his knees.
ref: 2020, Hilary Mantel, The Mirror and the Light, Fourth Estate, page 207:
glosses: Serving to interrogate; questioning.
Derived terms: cross-interrogatory
interrogatorily
no contest
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Calque of Latin nolō contendere (“I don't want to contest”).
Senses: topics: law
synonyms: nolo contendere
glosses: A plea in a criminal case which means that the defendant admits no guilt but is no longer contesting the charges brought against him/her.
examples: text: No contest clauses are valid in California and are favored by the public policies of discouraging litigation and giving effect to the settlor's expressed purposes.
ref: 2021, Susan F. French, A California Companion for the Course in Wills, Trusts, and Estates:
topics: law
glosses: A clause in a will that imposes a penalty of forfeiture against any beneficiary who challenges the will.
topics: boxing
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
glosses: The result of a boxing bout, promoted as an exhibition when the sport of boxing was illegal, when a knockout did not occur.
topics: boxing
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
glosses: A bout that the referee cancels early, either due to a serious injury early in the fight or due to a lack of action
glosses: An election in which the candidate runs unopposed.
no contest
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Etymology: Calque of Latin nolō contendere (“I don't want to contest”).
Senses: synonyms: no comparison
glosses: Used to indicate that a competition or comparison is one-sided and so its outcome is too obvious to be interesting.
examples: text: I'll take a Porsche, no contest!
glosses: Expresses lack of doubt (i.e., certainty) in a choice between options or preferences.
no contest
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Etymology: Calque of Latin nolō contendere (“I don't want to contest”).
Senses: examples: text: To all the things DVD does better than the videocassette, add the boxed set. In looks alone there is no contest.
ref: 2000 November 5, Peter M. Nichols, “HOLIDAY FILMS; Studios Move Slowly With DVD Boxed Sets”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Indicates the perceived lack of any real competition because the “winner” or superior choice is obvious.
Synonyms: no comparison
persona non grata
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pə(ɹ)ˈsəʊnə nɒn ˈɡɹɑːtə/
Forms: form: personae non gratae
form: personas non grata
Etymology: From Latin persōna (“person”) + nōn (“not”) + grāta (from grātus (“acceptable”)).
Senses: examples: text: "Calls to set down only" sounds more exciting. What station or train staff has the specific duty of repelling would-be boarders? Are the occupants of the train of such exalted main-line status that suburban interlopers are personae non gratae?
ref: 1956 April, K. H. Rudolph, “Fun with "Bradshaw"”, in Railway Magazine, page 253:
glosses: A person who is not welcome, especially a diplomat in a foreign country.
Related terms: gatecrasher
interloper
peeping tom
encroacher
backseat driver
kibitzer
meddler
nosy parker
marplot
buttinsky
busybody
spousal support
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spousal supports
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Alimony.
Synonyms: sense: alimony
word: maintenance
Uranian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /jʊˈɹeɪnɪən/
ipa: /jʊˈɹeɪniən/
rhymes: -eɪniən
Forms: form: Uranians
Etymology: From Latin Ūrania (“muse of astronomy in Greek mythology”) + -an (suffix forming agent nouns). Ūrania is derived from Ancient Greek Οὐρᾰνῐ́ᾱ (Ourănĭ́ā, “muse of astronomy”), from οὐράνιος (ouránios, “of or relating to the sky, celestial, heavenly”) (from οὐρανός (ouranós, “the sky; heaven, home of the gods; the universe”), probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁wers- (“rain”)) + -ιος (-ios, suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘pertaining to’).
The alternative form Ouranian is derived from Ancient Greek οὐράνιος (ouránios).
Adjective sense 2 (“homosexual”) and the noun sense (“a homosexual”) refer to Plato’s work Symposium (c. 385–370 B.C.E.), where the goddess Aphrodite, in her heavenly aspect Aphrodite Urania (see adjective sense 3) is described as inspiring a noble form of affection between older and younger men. Compare German Urning (“a homosexual, Uranian”), Urnigtum (“homosexuality”), also referring to Aphrodite Urania, coined by the German writer Karl Heinrich Ulrichs (1825–1895) in 1864. By the 1900s, the use of the word in this sense had largely been supplanted by homosexual (see further at that entry). The term is no longer mainstream and is almost never used in modern contexts, though it has enjoyed a slight revival as a term for "gay man" as an analogue to lesbian.
Senses: examples: text: Doubtless music is pre-eminently the Uranian’s art. His emotional nature goes out to it and in it, as in no other.
ref: [1908], Xavier Mayne [pseudonym; Edward Irenaeus Prime-Stevenson], The Intersexes: A History of Similisexualism as a Problem in Social Life, [Rome?]: Privately printed, →OCLC, page 395:
text: [Edward] Carpenter saw the Uranian (homosexual) spirit to be more enlightened than that of the common man and believed that Uranians were the new prophets of the coming social revolution.
ref: 2003, Chuck Stewart, “Biographical Sketches”, in Gay and Lesbian Issues: A Reference Handbook (Contemporary World Issues), Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 138:
text: Sodomite. Pederast. One who engages in the love that dare not speak its name. Uranian. Homosexual. Invert. Gay. Lesbian. Queer. These are just some of the words used during the Christian era to describe those whose affinity is toward one of the same sex.
ref: 2008, Thomas Bohache, “‘Queer’ as Social Location: Legitimate Category or Just Propaganda?”, in Christology From the Margins, London: SCM Press, →ISBN, part 3 (Queering Christ), page 194:
synonyms: word: uranist
word: urning
glosses: A male homosexual; also, a pederast; a man engaged in an erotic relationship with an adolescent boy.
Uranian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /jʊˈɹeɪnɪən/
ipa: /jʊˈɹeɪniən/
rhymes: -eɪniən
Forms: form: uranian
Etymology: From Uranus + -ian.
Senses: examples: text: The Uranian year is equal to 84 terrestrial years, or 30687 terrestrial days; and the Uranian day, according to the probable estimate, being shorter than the terrestrial day in the ratio of 1 to 2⁵²⁶⁄₁₀₀₀, it follows that the Uranian year consists of 77336 Uranian days.
ref: 1854, “The Planets: Are They Inhabited Worlds?”, in Dionysius Lardner, editor, The Museum of Science & Art, volume I, number 6, London: Walton and Maberly, […], →OCLC, chapter III, paragraph 8, page 36:
text: The inclination of the plane of Uranus's equator to the path in which he travels being about 76°, it follows that the Uranian sun has a range of about 76° on either side of the celestial equator, during the long Uranian year.
ref: 1872, Richard A[nthony] Proctor, “Uranus and Neptune, the Arctic Planets”, in Other Worlds than Ours: The Plurality of Worlds Studied under the Light of Recent Scientific Researches, 3rd edition, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, page 170:
text: He had not quite decided whether to be a physicist or a chemist; probably he would have chosen the trans-Uranian borderland between the two.
ref: 1949, John Gunther, “Foreword”, in Death Be Not Proud: A Memoir, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC; Harper Perennial Modern Classics edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper Perennial, 2007, →ISBN, page 9:
text: A decisive argument supporting this hypothesis was the discovery of a remarkable characteristic of the arrangement of the Uranian rings: near the outer edge of the rings there exist several orbits each of which is in resonance with a pair of rings simultaneously.
ref: 1989, A. M. Fridman, N[ick] N. Gor′kavyi, “The Dynamics of Planetary Rings and the Prediction of New Uranian Satellites”, in I[saac] M[arkovich] Khalatnikov, editor, Physics Reviews (Soviet Scientific Reviews, Section A), volume 12, part 4, London: Harwood Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 326:
text: Twice during a uranian year, the rings appear edge-on for a brief period, referred to as a ring plane crossing (RPX).
ref: 2007 September 28, Inke de Pater, H. B. Hammel, Mark R. Showalter, Marcos A. van Dam, “The Dark Side of the Rings of Uranus”, in Science, volume 317, number 5846, Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1888:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to the planet Uranus.
Uranian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /jʊˈɹeɪnɪən/
ipa: /jʊˈɹeɪniən/
rhymes: -eɪniən
Forms: form: Uranians
Etymology: From Uranus + -ian.
Senses: examples: text: [T]he fury of a fiery hot-brained Marsian, may kindle immediate and incessant wrangling and feuds; whilst a quiet placid Uranian, in his turn, may yet at times be excessively annoyed, ay, worried and tormented, by the tardiness, listlessness and inactivity of his dronish companion.
ref: 1839, A Fantastical Excursion into the Planets, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, page 172:
text: And obviously, since the year of the Uranians lasts 84 of our years, the continuance of the sun above the horizon would last for many years. [...] And as with the summer day, so with the winter night, years elapse before either comes to an end. For upwards of 20 years, in a latitude corresponding to that of London, the Uranians—if there are any—never see the small Uranian sun.
ref: 1872, Richard A[nthony] Proctor, “Uranus and Neptune, the Arctic Planets”, in Other Worlds than Ours: The Plurality of Worlds Studied under the Light of Recent Scientific Researches, 3rd edition, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, pages 171–172:
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: An inhabitant of the planet Uranus.
stagnant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstæɡnənt/
Forms: form: more stagnant
form: most stagnant
Etymology: From French stagnant, from Latin stagnans, present participle of stagno (“to form a pool of standing water”).
Senses: examples: text: a stagnant pool
text: stagnant water
synonyms: standing
glosses: Lacking freshness, motion, or flow; decaying through stillness.
examples: text: a stagnant economy
text: stagnant prices
text: their love had turned stagnant
glosses: Without progress or change; stale; inactive.
Derived terms: stagnancy
stagnant hypoxia
stagnant ice
stagnant loop syndrome
stagnantly
Related terms: stagnate
stagflation
helicopter parent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: helicopter parents
Etymology: From the tendency to hover over their children's lives, like a helicopter.
Senses: glosses: A parent who pays an inordinate amount of attention to their children and often makes decisions, particularly educational ones, normally the province of the student.
Related terms: free-range
superintending control
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: law
glosses: The authority that a higher court has to issue an order specifically ordering a lower court to perform (or stop performing) a certain action
sua sponte
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Etymology: A borrowing of Latin sua sponte (“at its own prompting; by its own impulse; of its own free will”)
Senses: examples: text: Decretals... ought, properly speaking, to be distinguished, on the one hand from constitutions... enacted by the Pope sua sponte without reference to any particular case, and on the other hand from rescripts... which apply only to special circumstances or individuals, and constitute no general precedent. But this nomenclature is not strictly observed.
ref: 1878, "Decretals" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. VII, p. 22
topics: law
glosses: Without prompting or suggestion; on its own initiative.
Synonyms: suo motu
nostra sponte
motu proprio
Related terms: off one's own bat
gastrotrich
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gastrotrichs
Senses: examples: text: In growing cultures most gastrotrichs produce only tachyblastic eggs.
ref: Ellsworth C. Dougherty, The Lower Metazoa (page 474)
synonyms: hairyback
glosses: A microscopic aquatic animal of the phylum Gastrotricha, with a worm-like body and cilia.
curfew
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɜː.fjuː/
ipa: /ˈkɝ.fju/
Forms: form: curfews
form: cover-few
Etymology: From Middle English curfu, from Old French cuevre-fu (French couvre-feu), from the imperative of covrir (“to cover”) + fu (“fire”). Compare kerchief.
Senses: examples: text: Curfews have been curbing / The end of liberty
ref: 1981, “This Is Radio Clash”, performed by The Clash:
text: Localities across New Jersey imposed curfews to prevent looting. In Monmouth, Ocean and other counties, people waited for hours for gasoline at the few stations that had electricity. Supermarket shelves were stripped bare.
ref: 2012 October 31, David M. Halbfinger, “Hurricane Sandy”, in New York Times, retrieved 31 Oct 2012:
glosses: Any regulation requiring people to be off the streets and in their homes by a certain time.
glosses: The time when such restriction begins.
glosses: A signal indicating this time.
glosses: A fireplace accessory designed to bank a fire by completely covering the embers.
glosses: A regulation in feudal Europe by which fires had to be covered up or put out at a certain fixed time in the evening, marked by the ringing of an evening bell.
examples: text: I have my lodging neere unto a tower, where both evening and morning a very great bell doth chime Ave marie and Cover-few, which jangling doth even make the tower to shake […].
ref: , Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.95
glosses: The evening bell, which continued to be rung in many towns after the regulation itself became obsolete.
Derived terms: anticurfew
curfewed
curfewless
curfew pass
noncurfew
postcurfew
precurfew
Related terms: lights-out
lockdown
martial law
state of emergency
state of siege
stay-at-home order
docket
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɒk.ɪt/
ipa: /ˈdɑ.kɪt/
ipa: /ˈdɔk.ɪt/
rhymes: -ɒkɪt
Forms: form: dockets
form: docquet
Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps a diminutive of dock.
Senses: glosses: A summary; a brief digest.
topics: law
glosses: A short entry of the proceedings of a court; the register containing them; the office containing the register.
examples: text: And I think it’s probably fair to say that all of the more recent cases that are on the interim/emergency/whatever-we-want-to-call-it-these-days dockets, so they’re still in progress.
ref: 2025 October 16, Ross Douthat, quoting Amy Coney Barrett, “Amy Coney Barrett Is Looking Beyond the Trump Era”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 20 Oct 2025:
topics: law
glosses: A schedule of cases awaiting action in a court.
glosses: An agenda of things to be done.
glosses: A ticket or label fixed to something, showing its contents or directions to its use.
glosses: A receipt.
Derived terms: on the docket
rocket docket
shadow docket
stet docket
Related terms: receipt
docket
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɒk.ɪt/
ipa: /ˈdɑ.kɪt/
ipa: /ˈdɔk.ɪt/
rhymes: -ɒkɪt
Forms: form: dockets
form: docketing
form: docketed
form: docketed
form: docquet
Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps a diminutive of dock.
Senses: glosses: To enter or inscribe in a docket, or list of causes for trial.
examples: text: to docket goods
glosses: To label a parcel, etc.
examples: text: to docket letters and papers
text: Whatever letters and papers you keep , docket and tie them up in their respective classes , so that you may instantly have recourse to any one
ref: February 5 1750, Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, in Letters to His Son, published in 1774
glosses: To make a brief abstract of (a writing) and endorse it on the back of the paper, or to endorse the title or contents on the back of; to summarize.
examples: text: judgments regularly docketed
glosses: To make a brief abstract of and inscribe in a book.
Derived terms: docketer
docketing software
redocket
undocketed
counterclaim
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: counterclaims
form: counter-claim
Etymology: From counter- + claim.
Senses: topics: law
glosses: A suit filed by a defendant against a plaintiff secondary to the original complaint.
counterclaim
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: counterclaims
form: counterclaiming
form: counterclaimed
form: counterclaimed
form: counter-claim
Etymology: From counter- + claim.
Senses: glosses: To file a counterclaim.
Derived terms: counterclaimer
bona fide
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/
ipa: /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/
ipa: /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/
ipa: /ˈbɑnə.faɪd/
ipa: /ˈboʊnəˌfideɪ/
ipa: /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/
Forms: form: bonâ fide
form: bona fyde
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Latin bonā fidē (“in good faith”).
Senses: examples: text: But by the knots I am speaking of, may it please your reverences to believe, that I mean good, honest, devilish tight, hard knots, made bona fide, as Obadiah made his; […]
ref: 1761, [Laurence Sterne], chapter X, in The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, volume III, London: […] R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley […], →OCLC, pages 29–30:
text: Let thinking people, then, judge what must be the fate of a church, whose fundamental doctrines are disbelieved by men of sense and inquiry, whose articles are well known not to be subscribed bonâ fide by those who officiate in it […].
ref: 1791, Joseph Priestley, Letters to Burke, section XII:
synonyms: bonafidely
glosses: In good faith; genuinely, sincerely.
bona fide
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌbəʊ.nəˈfaɪ.di/
ipa: /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/
ipa: /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/
ipa: /ˈbɑnə.faɪd/
ipa: /ˈboʊnəˌfideɪ/
ipa: /ˈboʊnə.faɪd/
Forms: form: bonâ fide
form: bona fyde
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Latin bonā fidē (“in good faith”).
Senses: examples: text: Although he failed, the prime minister made a bona fide attempt to repair the nation's damaged economy.
text: It is impossible to say how far this adherence to a creed is a bona fide reversion to a devout habit of mind, and how far it is to be classed as a case of protective mimicry assumed for the purpose of an outward assimilation to canons of reputability borrowed from foreign ideals.
ref: 1899, Thorstein Veblen, “Devout Observances”, in The Theory of the Leisure Class […] , New York: Macmillan, →OCLC:
synonyms: sincere
antonyms: mala fide
glosses: In good faith; sincere; without deception or ulterior motive.
examples: text: This is a bona fide Roman coin.
text: To Billy Byrne, then, Pesita was a real general, and Billy, himself, a bona fide captain.
ref: 1914 October – 1916 July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Mucker, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., published 31 October 1921, →OCLC:
text: What intrigues us is what will happen when the ersatzes for the ersatzes come along. Will characters start substituting for actors, bona fide dogs for barking ladies; will people start looking at people again instead of television and at nature instead of at documentaries?
ref: 1955 June 30, “Ersatzes for Ersatzes”, in The Christian Science Monitor, volume 47, number 182:
text: Ulysses Everett McGill: I am the only daddy you got! I’m the damn pater familias!
Wharvey Gal: But you ain’t bona fide!
ref: 2000, Joel Coen, Ethan Coen, O Brother, Where Art Thou?:
synonyms: authentic
genuine
antonyms: bogus
counterfeit
glosses: Genuine; not counterfeit.
Derived terms: bonafidely
Related terms: bona fides
mala fide
affiant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈfaɪənt/
rhymes: -aɪənt
Forms: form: affiants
Etymology: From affy (“(obsolete) to have faith in, trust; to formally affirm or promise; etc.”) + -ant (suffix forming agent nouns from verbs).
Senses: examples: text: This affiant looked at the wound after Mr. M‘Credie was dead, and from its appearance, which was very large, was of opinion that it was occasioned by a ball and two or three buck short. And farther this affiant saith not.
ref: 1807 February 6, Lawson Flack, affiant, “Report of the committee appointed to examine into the cause of Mr. M‘Credie’s death”, in Virginia Argus, number 1350, Richmond, Va.: […] Samuel Pleasants, Junior, […], published 1 May 1807, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, column 3:
text: I am bringing this information forward now because if we were involved unknowingly in something that was wrong, I want it to be righted. Further affiant sayeth naught.
ref: 1986 October 1 (date when affidavit sworn), Joseph McDonnell, “Impeachment of Judge Harry E[ugene] Claiborne”, in Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the 99th Congress, Second Session (United States Senate), volume 132, part 19, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, published 2 October 1986, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 27781, column 3:
text: In these cases, it is not hard to imagine that outside of a supportive community of apostates who asserted the Shakers duped them into joining, the public thought the affiants strange for ever dallying with the suspect sect in the first place.
ref: 2002 June, Elizabeth A. De Wolfe, “A Spectacle for Remark”, in Shaking the Faith: Women, Family, and Mary Marshall Dyer’s Anti-Shaker Campaign, 1815–1867, New York, N.Y.; Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 123:
topics: law
glosses: An individual witness whose statement is contained in an affidavit; (generally) an individual who makes a sworn deposition; a deponent.
wikipedia: Ray Mabus
United States Secretary of the Navy
Related terms: word: affidavit
word: affy
reboant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more reboant
form: most reboant
Etymology: From Latin reboō (“bellow, resound”).
Senses: examples: text: 19th C, Alfred Tennyson, Supposed Confessions, The Collected Poems of Alfred Lord Tennyson, 1994, page 15,
What if / Thou pleadest still, and seest me drive / Through utter dark a full-sail'd skiff, / Unpiloted i' the echoing dance / Of reboant whirlwinds, stooping low / Unto the death, not sunk!
text: […]this scrolled silver rim of wash striking the shore first in the distance, then spreading all along the curve of the beach, its growing thunder and commotion now joined to the diminishing thunder of the train, and now breaking reboant on our beach[…]
ref: 1947, Malcolm Lowry, Under the Volcano, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, page 37:
text: The fragmentary poems in The Branch Will Not Break afford many analogies to this kind of poem, in which the energy of constatation is not allowed to run out into verse, into some kind of normative, reboant movement, but is instead checked, baffled, splintered:[…].
ref: 1990, Richard Hoard, “James Wright: “The Body Wakes to Burial””, in Peter Stitt, Frank Graziano, editors, Under Discussion: James Wright: The Heart of the Light, page 271:
text: She expected reboant halls and a ghoulishly scarred Slavic dwarf on call to fetch brains or whatever the mad scientist-in-chief wanted.
ref: 2009, Jesse Kellerman, Sunstroke, unnumbered page:
glosses: That reverberates or resounds loudly.
Related terms: reboation
polyphyletic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more polyphyletic
form: most polyphyletic
Etymology: From poly- + phyletic.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
taxonomy
synonyms: pleophyletic
glosses: Having multiple ancestral sources; referring to a taxon that does not contain the most recent common ancestor of its members.
Derived terms: polyphyletically
Related terms: monophyletic
paraphyletic
lucent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈl(j)uːsnt/
ipa: /ˈlus(ə)nt/
Forms: form: more lucent
form: most lucent
Etymology: From Latin lūcentem, the present participle of lūcēre (“to shine”).
Senses: examples: text: Sherif Nasir led us: his lucent goodness, which provoked answering devotion even from the depraved, made him the only leader (and a benediction) for forlorn hopes.
ref: 1922 (date written; published 1926), T[homas] E[dward] Lawrence, “Book IV: Extending to Akaba. Chapter XXXIX.”, in Seven Pillars of Wisdom: A Triumph, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Company, published 1937, →OCLC, page 228:
glosses: Emitting light; shining, luminous.
examples: text: […] her dilated eyes fixed with a horror-stricken fascination upon the pygmy burial-ground, in that broad, lucent expanse of the yellow moonlight which was still streaming through the illuminated gorge of the mountains into an otherwise dusky world.
ref: 1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, chapter I, in In the “Stranger People’s” Country, New York: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 16:
glosses: Translucent; clear, lucid.
Derived terms: electrolucent
hyperlucent
lucence
lucency
lucently
noctilucent
omnilucent
radiolucent
semilucent
sonolucent
unlucent
lamella
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ləˈmɛl.ə/
rhymes: -ɛlə
Forms: form: lamellas
form: lamellae
Etymology: From Latin lāmella (“small, thin plate of metal”), from lāmina (“thin plate”) + -lus (diminutive suffix).
Senses: examples: text: The most recent study has been made by Hayasi (78), who finds that the calcareous lamellae which form the sclerodermites are formed by secretions of the calicoblasts and that the latter are not themselves calcified.
ref: 1943, Thomas Wayland Vaughan, John West Wells, Revision of the Suborders Families, and Genera of the Scleractinia, page 32:
synonyms: lame#Etymology_2
lamina
glosses: A thin, plate-like structure.
topics: biology
mycology
natural-sciences
synonyms: lame#Etymology_2
lamina
glosses: A thin, plate-like structure.
The gill of a mushroom.
Derived terms: lamelliferous
lamelloid
middle lamella
Related terms: english: thin plate
translation: thin plate
word: lame
word: lamellar
word: lamellate
word: lamellation
word: laminate
word: laminated
word: lamination
word: multilamellate
word: multilamellated
anadiplosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌænədəˈploʊsɪs/
rhymes: -əʊsɪs
Forms: form: anadiploses
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin anadiplōsis, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀναδίπλωσις (anadíplōsis).
Senses: examples: text: Anadiplosis ends the former line
With what the next does for its first design.
ref: 1835, L[arret] Langley, “[Rhetorical Turns.] Anadiplosis.”, in A Manual of the Figures of Rhetoric, […], Doncaster, South Yorkshire: […] C. White, […], →OCLC, page 80:
glosses: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase used at the end of a clause or expression is repeated near the beginning of the next clause or expression.
Related terms: epanadiplosis
epanastrophe
rescued
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɛs.kjuːd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of rescue
hiker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaɪkɚ/
rhymes: -aɪkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: hikers
Etymology: From hike + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The mother looks over her shoulder, and the hiker could swear she gives the weaning calf a dirty look; the time has come for the young animal to enter moosehood, to stop living in two worlds, […]
ref: 1969, Jack Olsen, Night of the Grizzlies:
text: On Taipa Island, there are two trails, the 2.2km Taipa Grande and 2.3km Taipa Pequena which take hikers to the two highest points of the island, offering a panoramic view of Macau. The Taipa Grande trail takes about 2? hours and can be reached through a short paved road off the Estrada Colonel Nicolau de Mesquita, near the United Chinese Cemetery. Adjacent to the trail on the east side of Taipa Grande, near the airport, is the Taipa Grande Nature Park. The Taipa Pequena trail can be accessed from the Estrada Lou Lim Ieoc, behind the Regency Hotel, and takes about two hours.
ref: 2008 October 30, Prudence Lui, “A walk on the wild side”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 03 Jan 2024:
text: Members of the Taitung County Fire Department’s Kuanshan Branch rescue an injured hiker in Taitung on Thursday.
ref: 2020 November 2, Hsin-po Huang, Dennis Xie, “Mountain rescue missions double from last year: MOI”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 01 Nov 2020, Taiwan News, page 3:
glosses: One who hikes, especially frequently.
Derived terms: hitch-hiker
nonhiker
thru-hiker
pertussis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈtʌsɪs/
ipa: /pɚˈtʌsɪs/
Forms: form: pertusses
Etymology: From New Latin, from Latin per- (“thorough”) + tussis (“cough”).
Senses: examples: text: With the introduction of an improved and standardized pertussis vaccine in the 1940s, there followed a remarkable decline in pertussis in the United States, most of the Western world, and Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.
ref: 1976, Charles R. Manclark, “The Current Status of Pertussis Vaccine: An Overview”, in D. Perlman, editor, Advances in Applied Microbiology, volume 20, page 1:
text: Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that infects the human respiratory tract, causing the disease pertussis or whooping cough.
ref: 2009, Zoë E. V. Worthington, Nicholas H. Carbonetti, “18: Bordetella pertussis”, in Karl Wooldridge, editor, Bacterial Secreted Proteins: Secretory Mechanisms and Role in Pathogenesis, page 413:
text: 2015, Dr. Stephen Berger, Pertussis: Global Status, GIDEON Informatics, Inc., E-book, page 343,
During 1993 to 2004, the hospitalization rate [in the US] for pertussis among infants ages <= 2 months was 239 per 100,000 live births.
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Whooping cough.
Derived terms: parapertussis
Related terms: pertussal
pertussoid
DPT
chilblain
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /t͡ʃɪlbleɪn/
Forms: form: chilblains
form: chillblain
Etymology: From chill + blain, literally “cold sore”.
Senses: examples: text: Faith and those chilblanes are a foul trouble, Mistresse Merie-thought when your youth comes home, let him rub all the soles of his feete, and the heeles, and his ancles, with a mouse skinne, or if none of your people can catch a mouse, when hee goes to bed, let him rowle his feete in the warme embers, and I warrant you hee shall be well, and you may make him put his fingers between his toes & smell to them, it's very soueraigne for his head if he be costiue.
ref: 1607 (first performance), [Francis Beaumont], The Knight of the Burning Pestle, London: […] [Nicholas Okes] for Walter Burre, […], published 1613, →OCLC, Act III, signature F3, recto:
text: Mrs. Goddard’s school was in high repute—and very deservedly; for Highbury was reckoned a particularly healthy spot: she had an ample house and garden, gave the children plenty of wholesome food, let them run about a great deal in the summer, and in winter dressed their chilblains with her own hands.
ref: 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter 3, in Emma: […], volume I, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:
text: Our clothing was insufficient to protect us from the severe cold: we had no boots, the snow got into our shoes and melted there; our ungloved hands became numbed and covered with chilblains, as were our feet[…]
ref: 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter VII, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 105:
synonyms: erythema pernio
pernio
kibe
glosses: An itchy purple red inflammation of the skin, especially of the hands, feet and ears, occurring when capillaries below the skin are damaged by exposure to cold weather (but do not freeze, which would lead to frostbite instead).
Derived terms: chilblained
Related terms: hot ache
tetter
sabbat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sabbats
Etymology: From French sabbat (“Sabbath”).
Senses: examples: text: Latter day witches, continuing the age-long cult, frequently made use of these old circles as meeting places, holding esbats, sabbats, and performing their ritual "ring" dances within the circumference of the tall granite stones.
ref: 1965, Ruth E. St. Leger-Gordon, Witchcraft and Folklore of Dartmoor, page xviii. 146:
glosses: Witches' Sabbath.
minuend
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈmɪnjʊˌɛnd/
Forms: form: minuends
Etymology: From Latin minuendus (“something to be diminished”), gerundive of minuō (“decrease, diminish”), by surface analysis, minus + -end.
Senses: examples: In the subtraction 10 − 4, 10 is the minuend and 4 is the subtrahend.
topics: arithmetic
glosses: A number or quantity from which another is to be subtracted.
Related terms: word: successor
sense: addition, summation
english: addend; total
translation: addend; total
alt: augend
word: + =
sense: addition, summation
english: sum
translation: sum
alt: summand
word: + +... =
sense: subtraction
roman: subtrahend
english: difference
translation: difference
word: − =
sense: multiplication, factorization; multiplier
roman: multiplicand
english: product
translation: product
word: × =
sense: multiplication, factorization; factor
english: factor; factor; product
translation: factor; factor; product
word: × ×... =
sense: division; dividend
roman: quotient
word: ÷ =
sense: numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient
english: with remaining
translation: with remaining
alt: quotient
word: Or sometimes
sense: exponentiation; base
english: power
translation: power
alt: exponent
word: =
sense: root extraction; degree
roman: radicand
word: √ =
sense: logarithmization
english: logarithm
translation: logarithm
alt: antilogarithm
word: log(base) =
subtrahend
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsʌbtɹəhɛnd/
Forms: form: subtrahends
Etymology: 1670s, from Latin subtrahendus numerus (“number to be subtracted”), form of subtrahō (“I pull out from under, I subtract”) (English subtract).
By surface analysis, subtract + -end (“patient (recipient) of action”).
Senses: examples: text: In the subtraction 10 − 4, 4 is the subtrahend.
topics: arithmetic
glosses: A number or quantity to be subtracted from another.
Synonyms: word: minor
Related terms: word: successor
sense: addition, summation
english: addend; total
translation: addend; total
alt: augend
word: + =
sense: addition, summation
english: sum
translation: sum
alt: summand
word: + +... =
sense: subtraction
roman: subtrahend
english: difference
translation: difference
word: − =
sense: multiplication, factorization; multiplier
roman: multiplicand
english: product
translation: product
word: × =
sense: multiplication, factorization; factor
english: factor; factor; product
translation: factor; factor; product
word: × ×... =
sense: division; dividend
roman: quotient
word: ÷ =
sense: numerator) / (denominator) = (quotient
english: with remaining
translation: with remaining
alt: quotient
word: Or sometimes
sense: exponentiation; base
english: power
translation: power
alt: exponent
word: =
sense: root extraction; degree
roman: radicand
word: √ =
sense: logarithmization
english: logarithm
translation: logarithm
alt: antilogarithm
word: log(base) =
semi-norm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: semi-norms
form: seminorm
Etymology: From semi- + norm.
Senses: topics: mathematical-analysis
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A function denoted ∥v∥ that maps a vector v to a non-negative value such that ∥cv∥ = |c|.∥v∥, where c is a scalar, and ∥v + w∥ ≤ ∥v∥ + ∥w∥ (the triangle inequality); the condition that ∥v∥ = 0 implies that v = 0 is not required, but when it holds, the semi-norm is a norm.
Synonyms: sense: in analysis
word: gauge
Derived terms: semi-normed
seminormed
Related terms: norm
triangle inequality
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the triangle inequality
head_nr: 1
Senses: examples: ‖ mathbf x+ mathbf y‖≤‖ mathbf x‖+‖ mathbf y‖
topics: mathematical-analysis
mathematics
sciences
head_nr: 2
glosses: The inequality that states that the magnitude of the sum of two vectors is less than or equal to the sum of the magnitudes of the vectors.
examples: d(x,z)≤d(x,y)+d(y,z)
topics: mathematical-analysis
mathematics
sciences
head_nr: 2
glosses: The inequality that states that the distance between two points is less than or equal to the sum of the distances between the first two points and some third point.
topics: mathematical-analysis
mathematics
sciences
head_nr: 2
qualifier: by abstraction
glosses: Either of the above two inequalities, considered as one of the axioms which a function must satisfy to be a norm or metric respectively.
seminorm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: seminorms
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of semi-norm.