cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
assart
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈsɑː(ɹ)t/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)t
Forms: form: assarts
Etymology: From French essart from Vulgar Latin exsartum.
Senses: synonyms: riding#Noun
royd#Noun
thwaite#Noun
coordinate_terms: glade#Noun
meadow#Noun
clearcut#Noun
glosses: Forest land cleared for agriculture.
examples: text: […] an assart of the Forest, is the greatest offence or trespasse of all other, that can be done in the forest, to vert or venison, containing in it as much as waste or more. For whereas the waste of the Forest, is but the felling and cutting downe of the couerts, which may grow againe in time: an assart, is a plucking them vp […]
ref: 1607, John Cowell, The Interpreter: or Booke Containing the Signification of Words, Cambridge: John Legate:
topics: law
hypernyms: slashing#Noun
coordinate_terms: clearcutting#Noun
glosses: The act or offence of grubbing up trees and bushes, and thus destroying the thickets or coverts of a forest.
assart
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈsɑː(ɹ)t/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)t
Forms: form: assarts
form: assarting
form: assarted
form: assarted
Etymology: From French essart from Vulgar Latin exsartum.
Senses: examples: text: […] if a man sue out a Licence to assart his grounds in the Forest, and to make it several for Tillage, then it is no offence.
ref: 1661, Thomas Blount, Glossographia, London: George Sawbridge:
text: 1775, John Ash, The New and Complete Dictionary of the English Language, London: Edward & Charles Dilly, Volume I,
ASSART v.t. […] To clear away wood.
glosses: To clear forest land for agriculture; remove stumps.
Related terms: thwaite
poached
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəʊtʃt/
ipa: /poʊt͡ʃt/
rhymes: -əʊtʃt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of poach
poached
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəʊtʃt/
ipa: /poʊt͡ʃt/
rhymes: -əʊtʃt
Forms: form: more poached
form: most poached
Senses: examples: text: Eldridge closed the despatch-case with a snap and, rising briskly, walked down the corridor to his solitary table in the dining-car. Mulligatawny soup, poached turbot, roast leg of lamb—the usual railway dinner.
ref: 1931, Francis Beeding, “1/1”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps:
glosses: Cooked by poaching.
glosses: Obtained by poaching.
Derived terms: poached egg
sloped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -əʊpt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of slope
sloped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -əʊpt
Forms: form: more sloped
form: most sloped
Senses: glosses: That has or have a slope.
Synonyms: slanted
sloping
-burger
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Etymology: Rebracketing of hamburger, as if it were ham + burger.
Senses: glosses: Used to make the names of hamburgers served in buns with the addition of the specified foodstuff, or with that foodstuff used in place of the usual meat.
examples: text: Let's start with Harden's 60-burger against Atlanta: His 24 shot attempts were the fewest ever in a 60-point game in NBA history.
ref: 2019 December 3, Kirk Goldsberry, James Harden is the greatest scorer of this NBA era, ESPN:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Used to emphasise a high number of points scored by a player or team.
Coordinate terms: -wich
beefburger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: beefburgers
Etymology: From beef + -burger.
Senses: topics: food
lifestyle
glosses: Synonym of hamburger (a cooked ground beef sandwich)
synonyms: word: hamburger
extra: a cooked ground beef sandwich
topics: food
lifestyle
glosses: Synonym of hamburger (a ground beef patty)
synonyms: word: hamburger
extra: a ground beef patty
topics: food
lifestyle
glosses: Synonym of hamburger (ground beef)
synonyms: word: hamburger
extra: ground beef
Synonyms: english: hamburger made from beef
translation: hamburger made from beef
word: hamburger
Hypernyms: english: any meat, not restricted to beef
translation: any meat, not restricted to beef
word: hamburger
sense: sandwich
word: burger
sense: sandwich
word: sandwich
sense: patty
word: burger
sense: patty
word: patty
Related terms: burger
fishburger
hamburger
porkburger
shrimpburger
sucked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ʌkt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of suck
amaryllis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌæməˈɹɪlɪs/
Forms: form: amaryllises
form: amaryllides
Etymology: From Latin Amaryllis.
Senses: glosses: A belladonna lily (Amaryllis belladonna), native to South Africa.
glosses: A similar lily in genus Hippeastrum, such as Hippeastrum puniceum, and cultivars.
Synonyms: sense: Amaryllis belladona
word: belladonna lily
sense: Amaryllis belladona
word: naked-lady-lily
sense: Amaryllis belladona
word: Jersey lily
sense: Amaryllis belladona
word: March lily
narcissi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: narcissuses
Senses: glosses: plural of narcissus
IADS
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Iceland Air Defense System.
glosses: Initialism of Integrated Air Defense System.
IADS
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Initialism of interactive display system.
lilies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɪliz/
Senses: glosses: plural of lily
monocotyledon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɒnəˌkɒtɪˈliːdən/
rhymes: -iːdən
Forms: form: monocotyledons
Etymology: From mono- + cotyledon.
Senses: examples: text: Elachistine moths are the world’s most species-rich group of Lepidoptera that specialize on monocotyledon plants, especially grasses and sedges.
ref: 2011 November 18, Lauri Kaila, Elachistine Moths of Australia: (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Elachistidae) (Animal & Veterinary Science):
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Any plant whose seedlings typically have one cotyledon (seed leaf) (in contrast to the two cotyledons typical of dicots), thereby belonging to the taxonomic monocots, formerly variously known as Monocotyledones, Monocotyledonae, or Liliopsida, a class in the angiosperms (Angiospermae), the flowering plants.
Synonyms: sense: plant with single seed leaf
word: monocot
sense: plant with single seed leaf
word: liliopsid
Hyponyms: sense: plant with single seed leaf
word: grass
sense: plant with single seed leaf
word: lily
sense: plant with single seed leaf
word: orchid
sense: plant with single seed leaf
word: palm
Related terms: dicotyledon
monocots
dicotyledon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -iːdən
Forms: form: dicotyledons
Etymology: From di- (“two”) + cotyledon (“embryonic leaf”).
Senses: examples: text: Dicotyledons and monocotyledons together make up the flowering plants, the angiosperms.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A plant whose seedling has two cotyledons.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Any plant in what used to be the Dicotyledones.
Synonyms: word: dicot
english: in the Cronquist System
translation: in the Cronquist System
word: magnoliopsid
Derived terms: antidicotyledon
dicotyledonous
Palaeodicotyledons
Related terms: alt: monocot
word: monocotyledon
word: eudicot
word: APG
cotyledon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkɒt.ɪˈliː.dən/
ipa: /ˌkɑt.əˈliː.dən/
rhymes: -iːdən
Forms: form: cotyledons
Etymology: From Latin cotylēdōn, from Ancient Greek κοτυληδών (kotulēdṓn, “cup-shaped cavity”), from κοτύλη (kotúlē, “cup”).
Senses: examples: text: Forced to apply animal findings to humans, his human womb also had cotyledons like a dog's.
ref: 1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 72:
topics: medicine
physiology
sciences
glosses: Each of the patches of villi on the foetal chorion in the placenta of ruminants and some other mammals.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: The leaf of the embryo of a seed-bearing plant; after germination it becomes the first leaves of the seedling.
Derived terms: acotyledon
coconut cotyledon
cotyledonal
cotyledonary
cotyledonoid
cotyledonous
dicotyledon
epicotyl
hypocotyl
microcotyledon
monocotyledon
polycotyledon
tricotyledon
seedling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsiːdlɪŋ/
Forms: form: seedlings
Etymology: From seed + -ling.
Senses: examples: Near-synonyms: sprout, chit
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A young plant grown from seed.
glosses: Any young plant, especially:
one grown in a nursery for transplanting.
glosses: Any young plant, especially:
a tree smaller than a sapling.
Derived terms: cotton seedling thrips
dicot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dicots
Etymology: Abbreviation of dicotyledon.
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A plant whose seedlings have two cotyledons, a dicotyledon.
Coordinate terms: monocot
Derived terms: basal dicot
eudicot
palaeodicots
paleodicots
monocot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: monocots
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Alternative form of monocotyledon.
liliopsid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: liliopsids
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: a member of the class Liliopsida. Circumscription of this class will vary with the taxonomic system being used.
liliopsid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more liliopsid
form: most liliopsid
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: pertaining to a member of the class Liliopsida.
Related terms: magnoliopsid
monocotyledon
magnoliopsid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: magnoliopsids
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A member of the class Magnoliopsida. Circumscription of this class will vary with the taxonomic system being used.
magnoliopsid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Belonging or relating to the class Magnoliopsida.
Related terms: liliopsid
dicotyledon
ron
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Ron
Etymology: Shortening of a corrupted pronunciation of heroin, pronounced /ˈheir.rɒn/.
Senses: glosses: heroin
disponible
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From French disponible and similar words in related languages.
Senses: examples: text: 'Well, I'm not disponible.' During that dinner with Laurent, then, he had got the idea that I was available.
ref: 2009, Lucy Wadham, The Secret Life of France, Faber & Faber, →ISBN, page 22:
glosses: Available.
Derived terms: disponibility
immer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immers
Etymology: From Icelandic himbrimi (“surf roarer”).
Senses: glosses: A bird in genus Gavia.
Derived terms: Gavia immer
peine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: peines
Etymology: From Old French peine,
from Latin poena,
from Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ, “penalty, fine, bloodmoney”). Doublet of pain.
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Pain or punishment.
wikipedia: Law French
Derived terms: peine forte et dure
Gummy Bears
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Calque of German Gummibärchen, the name of the confectionery in Germany.
Senses: glosses: A kind of gummy candy, a type of confectionery made from gelatine, in the miniature form of a toy bear.
Related terms: jelly baby
jelly bean
Stiefel
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: German and Jewish surname, from the noun Stiefel (“boot”). Also a pet form of Stefan.
Senses: glosses: A surname.
Derived terms: Stiefel manifold
Stiefel process
public relations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: PR
Etymology: Since the early twentieth century. The term gained popularity as a euphemism for propaganda after that originally neutral term acquired a negative connotation during the political upheavals of the early twentieth century.
Senses: examples: text: The public relations drive accompanying the opening of Stage I is impressive.
ref: 1960 December, “The Glasgow Suburban Electrification is opened”, in Trains Illustrated, page 714:
glosses: The professional dissemination and management of information by a person or an organization to the public with the purpose of creating a favorable public image.
examples: text: to get bad public relations
translation: to have things happen that deteriorate the public image
english: to have things happen that deteriorate the public image
glosses: The favorability of the public image of a person or organization.
Synonyms: outreach
Derived terms: english: in attributive, adjectival use
translation: in attributive, adjectival use
word: public-relations
gleefully
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more gleefully
form: most gleefully
Etymology: From gleeful + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Al Habsi, so outstanding at Arsenal on Saturday, somehow scrambled the ball off the line, but only as far as Agbonlahor, who gleefully nodded home his first Premier League goal since last April.
ref: 2011 January 25, Les Roopanarine, “Wigan 1 - 2 Aston Villa”, in BBC:
text: Of course, the game that was ruining workplace productivity and infrastructure wasn’t innocent Tetris or the nationalistic Wolfenstein 3D—it was a game in which an ultraviolent marine gleefully murdered demons on a satanic Mars.
ref: 2021 October 29, Trevor Strunk, “How To Get Away With Making An Ultraviolent Video Game”, in Defector:
text: After refusing to sit down, [Democratic Rep. Al Green of Texas] was escorted out of the House chamber, as some Republican lawmakers gleefully chanted “sha-nah-nah-nah, hey hey hey, goodbye.”
ref: 2025 March 5, Cameron Joseph, “After wild six weeks, Trump tells Congress ‘We are just getting started’”, in The Christian Science Monitor:
glosses: With glee; joyfully
Related terms: glee
gleeful
joyfully
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɔɪfəli/
Forms: form: more joyfully
form: most joyfully
Etymology: From Middle English joifulliche, joyfully, equivalent to joyful + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: I ended my aimless-roaming-short-term-odd-jobs lifestyle and joyfully went to work at a local restaurant in Langley Park, Maryland, as a carhop.
ref: 2005, H Reese Scott, Embracing Emily:
synonyms: word: cheerfully
word: gaily
word: blessedly
word: bubblingly
word: chearfully
word: cheerfully
word: cheerily
word: cheerly
word: eudaemonically
word: eupeptically
word: gaily
word: gayly
word: genially
word: gladly
word: happily
word: joyfully
word: joyously
word: lightheartedly
word: merrily
word: mirthfully
glosses: In a joyful manner; joyously.
joyously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more joyously
form: most joyously
Etymology: From Middle English joyously, equivalent to joyous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Uncle Henry was milking the cows in the barnyard, and Toto had jumped out of her arms and was running toward the barn, barking joyously.
ref: 1900 May 17, L[yman] Frank Baum, “The Good Witch Grants Dorothy’s Wish”, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Geo[rge] M[elvin] Hill Co., →OCLC, page 259:
text: Unusually, it runs non-stop from Hounslow to Barnes, and we took this 5¾ miles so joyously that we had to wait nearly two minutes at Barnes for the right-away!
ref: 1956 September, S. C. Crowther-Smith, “Exile's Return”, in Railway Magazine, page 585:
synonyms: word: gaily
word: mirthfully
word: blessedly
word: bubblingly
word: chearfully
word: cheerfully
word: cheerily
word: cheerly
word: eudaemonically
word: eupeptically
word: gaily
word: gayly
word: genially
word: gladly
word: happily
word: joyfully
word: joyously
word: lightheartedly
word: merrily
word: mirthfully
glosses: In a joyful manner; joyfully.
bacalao
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish bacalao.
Senses: examples: text: House specialties also include a spicy, salty bacalao, pollack stew in a red or white sauce […].
ref: 2003 September 5, A. LaBan, “Rooms With a View”, in Chicago Reader:
glosses: Alternative spelling of bacalhau.
seven-league boots
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: seven-league boot
Senses: examples: text: The Count strode away as if he had secured seven-league boots, and in less time than it seemed possible, though it was an age to Lady Anne […], he returned with two bank of England notes in his hand, which he put into the bailiff's, saying,—"There's your money for yourself and all. You have proper behavour, and will make no say of this littel matter."
ref: 1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter XL, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 211:
topics: arts
fantasy
folklore
history
human-sciences
literature
media
publishing
sciences
glosses: A pair of boots enabling the wearer to cross seven leagues at one stride.
mayhem
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmeɪhɛm/
ipa: /ˈmeɪəm/
Forms: form: mayhems
form: mayheming
form: mayhemed
form: mayhemed
form: maihem
Etymology: From Middle English mayme, mahaime, from Anglo-Norman mahaim (“mutilation”), from Old French meshaing (“bodily harm, loss of limb”), from Proto-Germanic *maidijaną (“to cripple, injure”) (compare Middle High German meidem, meiden (“gelding”), Old Norse meiða (“to injure”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (maidjan, “to alter, falsify”)), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to change”). More at mad. The original meaning referred to the crime of maiming; the other senses derived from this.
Another possible etymology derives the Old French from Provençal maganhar, composed of mal (“evil”) and ganhar (“to obtain, receive”) (compare with Spanish ganar and Italian gavagnare and guadagnare), so literally "to obtain, receive something evil".
The sense "chaos" may have arisen by popular misunderstanding of the common journalese expression "rioting and mayhem".
Senses: examples: text: the king shal punish him for mayheming of his subject
ref: 1628, Edw[ard] Coke, The First Part of the Institutes of the Lawes of England. […], London: […] [Adam Islip] for the Societe of Stationers, →OCLC:
topics: law
glosses: To commit mayhem.
mum's the word
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Etymology: From mum (“silence”). Recorded since 1704.
Senses: examples: text: She doesn't know anything about it yet, so mum's the word, OK?
text: … and that mum is the word till I give you liberty to speak
ref: 1879, Anna Katharine Green, The Leavenworth Case: A Lawyer's Story, G. P. Putnam's Sons, page 256:
text: “Well, does she know how you feel?” “Honestly, Charmaine, I do not even know how I feel.” “Aw. Well, you should tell her.” “I should tell no one! Can you keep this secret, Charmaine?” “Mm-hmm.” “Good. Because if you don't, I'll kill you in your sleep.” “Okay, mum's the word.”
ref: 2024 November 18, Jeremy Levick & Rajat Suresh, “March Madness” (18:44 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 6, episode 7, spoken by Charmaine Rinaldi (Marissa Jaret Winokur):
glosses: Indicates that something is a secret and not to be divulged.
Related terms: breathe a word
under one's hat
skiing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: skēʹĭng
ipa: /ˈski.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːɪŋ
Forms: form: skiïng
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of ski
skiing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: skēʹĭng
ipa: /ˈski.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːɪŋ
Forms: form: skiïng
Senses: examples: text: Editor John Torinus could enlighten us on wineology, crosscountry skiing, sailing and the joys and pains of being an editor.
ref: 1975 August 24, Knauf, “Let’s chip in, buy Novitiate”, in Sunday Post-Crescent, page B-3:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A group of sports using skis as primary equipment.
Hyponyms: slalom
Derived terms: aerial skiing
alpine skiing
après-skiing
ballet skiing
caterpillar skiing
classic skiing
cross-country skiing
downhill skiing
extreme skiing
free-heel skiing
freestyle skiing
heli-skiing
heliskiing
mogul skiing
nordic skiing
Nordic skiing
para alpine skiing
para Nordic skiing
para-Nordic skiing
para nordic skiing
paranordic skiing
para-nordic skiing
para-skiing
para skiing
rollerskiing
skate skiing
snow-skiing
speed skiing
technical skiing
telemark skiing
water skiing
water-skiing
South Island
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: synonyms: mainland
glosses: An island, the southern of the two major islands making up New Zealand.
Derived terms: South Islander
South Island giant moa
Related terms: North Island
pre-acquired
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of preacquired.
preacquired
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of preacquire
preacquired
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Acquired beforehand.
killer app
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: killer apps
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A killer application.
North Island
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: An island, the northernmost of the two major islands making up New Zealand.
Derived terms: word: North Islander
taxonomic: Euphrasia cuneata
word: North Island eyebright
word: North Island kokako
Related terms: South Island
antedate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæntiˌdeɪt/
Forms: form: antedates
form: antedating
form: antedated
form: antedated
Etymology: From ante- + date.
Senses: examples: text: I suppose you know all about the fearful myths antedating the coming of man to the earth—the Yog-Sothoth and Cthulhu cycles—which are hinted at in the Necronomicon.
ref: 1931, H[oward] P[hillips] Lovecraft, chapter 2, in The Whisperer in Darkness:
text: We therefore turn to the question whether defendant's prior convictions for burglary and attempted burglary could be used as the basis for an enhancement under [California Penal Code] sections 667 and 1192.7. Both prior convictions antedate the effective date of section 667.
ref: 1986, People v. Calio, 42 Cal.3d 639,644:
text: Actually, mathematical models of multi-sector growth models antedate the Harrod-Domar and Solow-Swan aggregate models.
ref: 2010, Giancarlo Gandolfo, Economic Dynamics, 4th edition, Springer, page 311:
text: Dimensional analysis is a serious business in the natural sciences, where what you're measuring actually exists […]; and it even has a theorem that goes with it (Buckingham's #92;pi theorem, which like any good mathematical theorem with a name attached, apparently antedates Buckingham).
ref: 2024, Jeremy Bay Rudd, A Practical Guide to Macroeconomics, Cambridge University Press, page 281:
synonyms: word: predate
word: antedate
word: precede
word: predate
word: preexist
antonyms: postdate
glosses: To occur before an event or time; to exist further back in time.
examples: text: Tomorrow when you leav’st, what wilt thou say? / Wilt thou then antedate some new-made vow?
ref: 1633, John Donne, Woman's Constancy:
synonyms: word: backdate
word: foredate
word: antedate
word: backdate
word: foredate
word: predate
antonyms: word: postdate
word: overdate
word: backdate
glosses: To assign a date to a document or action earlier than the actual date.
examples: text: Furthermore, while OED entries are generally regarded as a good indication of when terms were first used in English, for 5 of the 7 terms the present research has been able to antedate OED’s earliest attestations, usually by a decade or more.
ref: 2017 January, James Lambert, “A multitude of “lishes”: The nomenclature of hybridity”, in English World-Wide, volume 38, number 3, →DOI, →ISSN:
topics: human-sciences
lexicography
linguistics
sciences
glosses: To find earlier citational evidence for a term.
Derived terms: antedatable
antedater
antedate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæntiˌdeɪt/
Etymology: From ante- + date.
Senses: glosses: Prior date; a date antecedent to another which is the actual date.
glosses: anticipation
postdate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊstˌdeɪt/
ipa: /ˌpəʊstˈdeɪt/
Forms: form: postdates
form: postdating
form: postdated
form: postdated
form: post-date
Etymology: From post- + date.
Senses: examples: text: Because these prophecies of Isaiah postdate the fall of Babylon (539 B.C.E), they probably refer to that event.
ref: 2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 37:
text: For example, the FAQ page comments that ‘the term “incel” is an abbreviated version and sniglonym of the term “involuntary celibacy,” whose usage reaches back at least to the 18th century.”’ The term ‘sniglonym’ is itself an example of deploying verbose language. The word refers to a term whose date of coinage postdates the pre-existing concept or object it defines.
ref: 2023 January 24, Meg Roser, Charlotte Chalker and Tim Squirrell, “Spitting out the blackpill: Evaluating how incels present themselves in their own words on the incel Wiki”, in Institute for Strategic Dialogue, page 10:
glosses: To occur after an event or time; to exist later on in time.
examples: text: no postdated checks [sign in a retail store]
text: to postdate a contract, that is, to date it later than the time when it was in fact made
glosses: To assign an effective date to a document or action later than the actual date.
glosses: To affix a date to after the event.
Synonyms: sense: to assign a date later than the actual date
word: overdate
word: overdate
postdate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊstˌdeɪt/
ipa: /ˌpəʊstˈdeɪt/
Forms: form: post-date
Etymology: From post- + date.
Senses: glosses: Postdated; made or done after the date assigned.
postdate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpəʊstˌdeɪt/
ipa: /ˌpəʊstˈdeɪt/
Forms: form: postdates
form: post-date
Etymology: From post- + date.
Senses: glosses: A date on a document later than the real date on which it was written.
bop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒp/
ipa: /bɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: bops
Etymology: Imitative of the sound made.
Senses: glosses: A very light smack, blow or punch.
bop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒp/
ipa: /bɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: bops
form: bopping
form: bopped
form: bopped
Etymology: Imitative of the sound made.
Senses: examples: text: “Better him than me,” I said while my mother fluttered her blue eyes at me and bopped me on the nose with a wooden spoon.
ref: 2013, Karin Tanabe, The List, page 37:
glosses: To strike gently or playfully.
Synonyms: bip
boop
Derived terms: bop around
bop it up
bop the bishop
hop and bop
bop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒp/
ipa: /bɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: bops
Etymology: Shortened from bebop.
Senses: examples: text: That grand wild sound of bop floated from beer parlors; it mixed medleys with every kind of cowboy and boogie-woogie in the American night.
ref: 1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 13, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A style of improvised jazz from the 1940s.
examples: text: In the later years of One Direction, especially those after the departure of Zayn Malik, the boy band morphed into the vintage pop-rock group of their (well, let’s be real, Harry’s) dreams. ‘What a Feeling’ feels prescient: its Fleetwood Mac style structure laid the groundwork for Styles’ future endeavours. It’s a bop!
ref: 2022 September 5, Maria Sherman, “The essential Harry Styles song book”, in Rolling Stone UK:
glosses: A good, catchy song; a song that makes one want to dance.
examples: text: […] their first kiss during the school bop, with Paul Weller singing “You're the Best Thing” and everything tingling from her toes up […]
ref: 2012, Barbara Claypole White, The Unfinished Garden, page 308:
glosses: A casual party with dancing; a disco.
examples: text: Theatres; Music House used for bands; May Ball; very popular weekly bops in JCR and MCR; library (57,000 books); 40 networked PCs, 24-hrs.
ref: 2005, Johnny Rich, Push Guide to Which University, page 472:
text: At universities like Oxford, middle-class students hold 'chav bops' where they dress up as this working-class caricature.
ref: 2012, Owen Jones, Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class, page 120:
qualifier: Oxbridge slang
glosses: A party hosted by a college's JCR or MCR.
Derived terms: bopper
boppish
boppy
hard bop
postbop
post-bop
bop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒp/
ipa: /bɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: bops
form: bopping
form: bopped
form: bopped
Etymology: Shortened from bebop.
Senses: examples: text: She was bopping to the song's drum beats.
text: I’d rather you be stiff with a stuck look on your face than just bopping, not even listening to what a nigga saying.
ref: 2019 February 17, Chris Mench, “Blueface Wants People To Pay Attention To His Lyrics, Not Just Bop To His Music”, in Genius News:
text: The hat was sorta dancing, just bopping around
Floating in the air six feet above the ground
ref: 2020 October 8, Tall Boy Special, “Clothes”:
glosses: To dance to music with a marked beat.
bop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒp/
ipa: /bɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: bops
Etymology: Originated in the early 2000s as slang term in African American Vernacular English. Early entries for bop in the Urban Dictionary date to 2005 (describing “a female who gives head [fellatio] to anyone.”). The term was popularized among Gen-Zers in 2023, after TikTok user @theyhateonbiran1 posted a video explaining the etymology (derived as an abbreviation of “blown out pussy,” in reference to a female who has had multiple sexual partners, although it has been adapted to alternatively mean “baddie on point,” usually in reference to women who post sexually provocative or explicit content online).
Senses: glosses: A promiscuous woman, especially in the context of having a high body count or giving fellatio to many men.
glosses: A woman presenting themselves online in a manner thought of as being immodest, usually to generate views or income through social media or subscription content platforms.
trophy
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹəʊfi/
ipa: /ˈtɹɒfi/
ipa: /ˈtɹoʊfi/
note: Indic
ipa: /ʈɾɒfi/
note: Indic
ipa: /ʈɾofi/
rhymes: -əʊfi
Forms: form: trophies
form: trophying
form: trophied
form: trophied
Etymology: From Middle French trophée, from Latin trophaeum (“a sign of victory, a monument”), tropaeum, from Ancient Greek τρόπαιον (trópaion, “monument of an enemy's defeat”), from neuter of τροπαῖος (tropaîos, “of defeat”), from τροπή (tropḗ, “a rout, a turning of an enemy”).
Senses: examples: text: How many a night serene, shall I behold / Those vvarm attractive orbits, close inshrined / In ether, over vvhich Love's column rose / Marmoreal, trophied round vvith golden hair.
ref: 1798 July, Walter Savage Landor, “Book IV”, in Gebir; a Poem, […], London: […] Rivingtons, […], →OCLC, page 35, lines 29–32:
glosses: To adorn (someone) with trophies.
examples: text: He trophied at the 1993, 1994, 2012 and 2015 National Championships and was most proud of winning his class at the 2017 Spring Nationals.
ref: 2021, “Harold C. 'Todd' Freeman, III”, in Star Tribune:
glosses: To win a trophy in a competition.
cut down
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: cuts down
form: cutting down
form: cut down
form: cut down
Senses: glosses: To cut downward.
examples: text: We need to cut the cocaine down.
glosses: To adulterate a drug.
examples: text: They want to cut down several trees to make room for the parking lot.
glosses: To bring down by cutting.
glosses: To insult, to belittle.
examples: text: He wants to cut down on extra steps.
text: Please don't put the candy jar right next to my desk. I'm trying to cut down on sugar.
text: By wholesale omission of connections and by the use of a microscopic scale of photographic reproduction which makes some of the most important tables difficult to read, the size has been cut down from last winter's 580 to 520 pages only.
ref: 1961 October, “The winter timetables of British Railways: London Midland Region”, in Trains Illustrated, page 593:
glosses: To reduce the amount of something.
examples: text: I will cut you down where you stand.
glosses: To slay, often in great numbers.
glosses: To shoot a gun; to shoot (someone or many people), usually to kill them.
qualifier: African-American Vernacular
glosses: To challenge (someone); to prove superiority to (someone).
Derived terms: cut-down
cut down the tall poppy
cut down to size
cut down
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more cut down
form: most cut down
Senses: glosses: Having been cut down; reduced in strength or power.
Related terms: cut up
shoot down
examiner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əɡˈzæmɪnɚ/
Forms: form: examiners
Etymology: From examine + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Younger [Customs] examiners, who, perhaps, have not yet acquired the intuition resulting from years of experience, seem partly responsible for the closer examination of incoming luggage. Not only is this closer scrutiny arousing feelings of resentment among passengers, but it is causing serious delays in the departure of boat trains, many of which have been reaching their destinations two or three hours late.
ref: 1951 November, “Delays to Boat Trains”, in Railway Magazine, page 719:
glosses: A person who investigates someone or something.
glosses: A person who sets an examination.
glosses: A person who marks an examination.
Derived terms: driving examiner
examinership
interexaminer
intraexaminer
medical examiner
subexaminer
Related terms: cross-examiner
scrutiny
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɹuː.tɪ.ni/
ipa: /ˈskɹuːʔ.n̩.i/
Forms: form: scrutinies
form: scrutinying
form: scrutinied
form: scrutinied
Etymology: From Middle English scrutiny, from Medieval Latin scrūtinium (“a search, an inquiry”), from Vulgar Latin scrūtor (“to search or examine thoroughly”), from Late Latin scrūta (“rubbish, broken trash”), from an extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).
Senses: glosses: To scrutinize.
government issue
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: government issues
Senses: glosses: Any articles issued in conformity with US military regulations or procedures.
topics: business
finance
glosses: A group of securities with the same maturity, interest rate, and terms and conditions issued by a government.
Related terms: GI
government cheese
GI can
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: GI cans
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A galvanized trash can.
glosses: A shell fired by the German Army in World War I.
Related terms: GI
take exception
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: takes exception
form: taking exception
form: took exception
form: taken exception
Senses: examples: text: I think he took exception to the joke about environmentalists.
text: I take exception to the assumption that simply because I am young I am not able to discern fact from fiction.
text: I am sorry to learn that the senior medical staff of the Dreadnought Hospital take exception to portions of Sir Henry Burdett's letter […] which was published in the Times of July 11th.
ref: 1898 July 20, Percival A. Nairne, letter, published in the Lancet of 1898 December 10, page 1575
text: […] the body of a deceased Indian, wrapped in a blanket and reposing on the limbs of an old tree in the sandhills. Horatio Walker, then President of the Club and generally so sympathetic with artists, seemingly took exception to it, and Morris felt the silent criticism […]
ref: 1984, Jean S. McGill, Edmund Morris, Frontier Artist, Dundurn Press, →ISBN, page 165:
text: Upset, about 20 Kuala Lumpur-based judges met on 25 March and decided that Salleh should write to the king explaining their position. The king apparently took exception to the letter or to the manner in which it was sent […]
ref: 1989, “Asia Yearbook”, in Far Eastern Economic Review, page 167:
info_templates: extra_data: words: to
expansion: [with to]
glosses: To take offense; to object or protest.
glosses: To object to; to disagree with.
close but no cigar
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of close, but no cigar.
get to the bottom of
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gets to the bottom of
form: getting to the bottom of
form: got to the bottom of
form: got to the bottom of
form: gotten to the bottom of
Senses: examples: text: I don't know what's going on here, but I'll get to the bottom of it sooner or later.
glosses: To come to understand, discover the truth about, or solve.
sinecures
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sinecure
sinecures
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of sinecure
mentation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mentations
Senses: examples: text: Recursive by nature, mentation wasn’t going to yield to measurement alone.
ref: 1995, Richard Powers, Galatea 2.2, New York, N.Y.: Farrar Straus Giroux, →ISBN, page 28:
text: Suggesting that meditative training may foster the ability to control the automatic cascade of semantic associations triggered by a stimulus and, by extension, to voluntarily regulate the flow of spontaneous mentation.
ref: 2008, Pagnoni G. Cekic M. Guo Y., “Thinking about Not Thinking Neural Correlates of Conceptual Processing during Zen Meditation”, in PubMed, volume 3, number 9, PLoS One, →DOI, page 1:
text: Behavioral economists argue a worldview based on the notion that human mentation is frail and flawed, leading to irrational choices that fail to adequately consider the wider structure of alternatives.
ref: 2018, Shoshana Zuboff, chapter 10, in The Age of Surveillance Capitalism:
glosses: Mental activity or mental state, including cognition or, more specifically, thinking.
Related terms: meditation
engawa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: engawas
form: engawa
Etymology: Romanization of Japanese 縁側 (engawa) or 掾側 (engawa).
Senses: topics: architecture
glosses: A veranda or terrace surrounding a house.
glosses: A ribbon of flesh around a fish's fin, prized for making sushi.
Meronyms: alt: 濡れ縁
word: nure-en
alt: 榑縁
word: kure-en
alt: 切目縁
word: kirime-en
alt: 竹簀の子縁
word: takesunoko-en
Danmark
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Ultimately from Danish Danmark.
Senses: examples: text: For Youth for Christ in Danmark I'm looking for an inernet service provider in Danmark. Please post a reply or mail me I you have some information on this.
ref: 1995 January 12, Peter Brouwer, “Internet service providers in Danmark?”, in soc.religion.christian.youth-work (Usenet), retrieved 30 Sep 2022:
text: Is there a list from running-competitions in Danmark.
I´ll spend my holidays in Danmark, and try to to^([sic]) some competitions in running-sports.
ref: 1998 January 1, G.Henke, “Running in Danmark”, in dk.sport (Usenet), retrieved 30 Sep 2022:
qualifier: non-native speakers' English
glosses: a country in Northern Europe
unlocked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈlɑkt/
ipa: /ʌnˈlɒkt/
rhymes: -ɒkt
Senses: examples: an unlocked door
an unlocked computer file
glosses: Not secured or protected by a lock.
examples: an unlocked iPhone
topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
mobile-telephony
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
telephony
antonyms: locked
glosses: Not bound to any particular carrier.
raw_tags: of a phone
unlocked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈlɑkt/
ipa: /ʌnˈlɒkt/
rhymes: -ɒkt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of unlock
arts degree
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: arts degrees
Senses: glosses: a degree in one or more of the fine arts
glosses: a degree in one of the liberal arts
unwashed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɒʃt
Etymology: From Middle English unwasched, unwasschyd, unwessched, a weak verb conjugation of earlier Middle English unwaschen (“unwashen”), equivalent to un- + washed.
Senses: examples: text: I say that the eyass should have her meat unwashed, until she becomes a brancher—’twere the ready way to give her the frounce, to wash her meat sooner, and so knows every one who knows a gled from a falcon.
ref: 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter IV, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 85:
synonyms: word: unwashen
glosses: Not having been washed.
examples: text: Gannon is looked upon with distrust by a good many members of the Citizens’ Committee—or perhaps it is with jealousy. He remains, however, a hero to the unwashed elements.
ref: 1958, Oakley Hall, Warlock:
text: “Yeah, wading down into the comments. "Winsomely compelling cop-aganda," says C-Rob-69. Oh, wait, that was me.” “Drivel for the unwashed. The Bard, how he weeps.”
ref: 2024 November 25, Max Brockman, “P.I. Undercover: New York” (1:41 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 6, episode 8, spoken by Colin Robinson (Mark Proksch):
glosses: Vulgar, plebeian, lowbrow.
Derived terms: great unwashed
unwashed masses
unwashedness
staggers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of stagger
staggers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Any of various diseases of animals that affect the nervous system, characterized by a lack of control of the limbs
glosses: Any of various diseases of animals that affect the nervous system, characterized by a lack of control of the limbs
staggers and jags, delirium tremens or extreme inebriation
Derived terms: grass staggers
mad staggers
sleepy staggers
stomach staggers
zamia staggers
staggers
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of stagger
boxed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒkst/
enpr: bäkst
ipa: /ˈbɑːkst/
rhymes: -ɒkst
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of box
boxed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒkst/
enpr: bäkst
ipa: /ˈbɑːkst/
rhymes: -ɒkst
Senses: examples: text: The books are boxed, ready for shipping.
glosses: Packed into a box or boxes.
glosses: In bridge and other card games if the cards in a pack are reversed face-up and face-down then the pack is said to be boxed.
glosses: Of domesticated animals, discrete flocks or herds having become mixed, either accidentally or deliberately. (Aust. OED)
Synonyms: boxed up
packaged
packed
Derived terms: autoboxed
boxed set
boxed shutters
peine forte et dure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Law French, from Middle French peine forte et dure (“severe and hard punishment”).
Senses: examples: text: It was a solid structure, with massy door, sooner than open which in the absence of the ‘Dominie’, we would all have willingly perished by the peine forte et dure.
ref: 1839, Edgar Allan Poe, William Wilson:
topics: law
glosses: Crushing, an old form of punishment (torture) in which the prisoner's body was pressed with heavy weights.
wikipedia: Giles Corey
Law French
Salem witch trials
deb
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛb
Forms: form: debs
Etymology: Clipping of debutante or debut.
Senses: examples: text: Josie Powell that was, prettiest deb in Dublin. How time flies by!
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 15: Circe]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey], page 422:
text: Go back to your debs or little boys if that's what you fancy and leave us hard working girls, the virile, mature and experienced working men of this world.
ref: 1989, Michael Pakenham, The Bitter Web, Lewes, Sussex: The Book Guild Ltd, →ISBN, page 41:
text: 'The Honourable Hester Bingham,' she told Simon. 'They said she was the most stylish deb of her season. Me and Mama read all about her. That was the first season after the war, you know, and she wote a Hardy Amies dress when she was presented to the King and Queen.'
ref: 2021, Harriet Evans, Beloved Girls, London: Headline Review, →ISBN, page 253:
text: "After that little crash and burn, I guess my mother thought it would help to give me the same training. Social graces and deportment and all that bullshit. I even had a deb ball."
ref: 2022, Shelley Burr, Wake, New York, N.Y.: William Morrow, →ISBN, page 269:
glosses: A debutante (a young woman who makes her first formal appearance in society).
examples: text: "When I met him at my deb, I fell for him. Wanted nothing more than to marry him. That it happened, even after all those years, felt as if the stars had finally aligned."
ref: 2017, Gian Sardar, You Were Here, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, page 143:
synonyms: debs
glosses: A debutante ball or debut.
examples: text: Then one night Liz showed up at the factory with a scratched face and torn blouse. She had been in a fight at the park with another girl, a deb of the Porto Rican Flyers.
ref: 1950, Hal Ellson, Tomboy, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 157:
text: I want you to take over absolute control of all the debs until Ruby is released. Your main job will be to see that most of the girls take at least two tricks a night someplace where the boys can roll them without too much trouble.
ref: 1972, Donald Goines, Black Gangster, Los Angeles, C.A.: Holloway House Publishing Company, published 2004, →ISBN, page 38:
glosses: A female member of a gang.
Derived terms: debby
Related terms: debs
forestall
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɔː(ɹ)ˈstɔːl/
rhymes: -ɔːl
Forms: form: forestalls
form: forestalling
form: forestalled
form: forestalled
Etymology: From Middle English forestallen (“to forestall, intercept, ambush, way-lay”), from forestalle (“a forestalling, interception”), from Old English foresteall (“intervention, hindrance of justice, ambush”), from fore- (“ahead of, before”) + steall (“position”), equivalent to fore- + stall.
Senses: examples: text: Fred forestalled disaster by his prompt action.
text: The Act of 1846 also authorised a branch from the village of Broughty Ferry on the D. & A. to the pier at Broughty Ferry Castle. This action was taken to forestall the Edinburgh & Northern Railway, which had acquired the ferry between Ferryport-on-Craig (Tayport from July, 1851) and Broughty Ferry, and had hopes of a connecting railway on the north side of the Tay.
ref: 1958 January 24, Charles E. Lee, “The Dundee & Arbroath Railway - 1”, in Railway Magazine, page 29:
glosses: To prevent, delay or hinder something by taking precautionary or anticipatory measures; to avert.
examples: text: In French, an aspired h forestalls elision.
glosses: To preclude or bar from happening, render impossible.
glosses: To purchase the complete supply of a good, particularly foodstuffs, in order to charge a monopoly price.
examples: text: What need a man forestall his date of grief, / And run to meet what he would most avoid?
ref: 1634 October 9 (first performance), [John Milton], edited by H[enry] Lawes, A Maske Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634: […] [Comus], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for Hvmphrey Robinson, […], published 1637, →OCLC; reprinted as Comus: […] (Dodd, Mead & Company’s Facsimile Reprints of Rare Books; Literature Series; no. I), New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1903, →OCLC:
english: Comus
translation: Comus
text: She insisted on doing her share of the offices needful to the sick. She arranged his bed so that it was possible to change the sheet without disturbing him. She washed him. […] She did not speak to him much, but she was quick to forestall his wants.
ref: 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, “chapter 26”, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:
glosses: To anticipate, to act foreseeingly.
examples: text: All the better; may / This night forestall him of the coming day!
ref: 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
glosses: To deprive (with of).
topics: law
glosses: To obstruct or stop up, as a road; to stop the passage of a highway; to intercept on the road, as goods on the way to market.
Derived terms: forestallable
forestaller
forestallingly
forestallment
forestalment
unforestalled