cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
clapper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklæpɚ/
rhymes: -æpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: clappers
Etymology: From clap + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who claps; a person who applauds by clapping the hands.
glosses: An object so suspended inside a bell that it may hit the bell and cause it to ring; a clanger or tongue.
examples: text: "Sir, sir! folks' tongues go like the clappers in the fields to drive away the blackbirds. A very little wind makes 'em rattle wonderfully."
ref: 1896, Sabine Baring-Gould, Arminell, a social romance, Ch. 37:
glosses: A wooden mechanical device used as a scarecrow; bird-scaring rattle, a wind-rattle or a wind-clapper.
glosses: A clapstick (musical instrument).
topics: business
manufacturing
sewing
textiles
glosses: A pounding block.
glosses: The chattering damsel of a mill.
topics: hobbies
ice-hockey
lifestyle
skating
sports
glosses: A slapshot
topics: broadcasting
cinematography
film
media
television
glosses: The hinged part of a clapperboard, used to synchronise images and soundtrack, or the clapperboard itself.
examples: text: Emilia 'tis true could use her clapper with great Dexterity, but he had the same advantages against her, which this had against him; Olimpia 's Tongue was also well hung but she ever had reason on her side, which he with reason could never either blame or oppose, and by both these came his Fortune: […]
ref: 1683, S. P., The Dutch Rogue, Or, Gusman of Amsterdam, page 238:
glosses: A person's tongue.
Synonyms: sense: musical instrument
word: clapstick
sense: musical instrument
word: musicstick
Derived terms: clapperboard
clapper board
clapperboy
clapperclaw
clapperless
clapper-loader
clapper rail
clapper talk
clapper-valve
handclapper
happy clapper
like the clappers
clapper
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklæpɚ/
rhymes: -æpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: clappers
form: clappering
form: clappered
form: clappered
Etymology: From clap + -er.
Senses: examples: text: It is still necessary to warn clergymen against allowing the lazy and pernicious practice of 'clappering,' i.e. tying the bell-rope to the clapper, and pulling it instead of the bell.
ref: 1903, Baron Edmund Beckett Grimthorpe, A rudimentary treatise on clocks and watches and bells:
glosses: To ring a bell by pulling a rope attached to the clapper.
glosses: To make a repetitive clapping sound; to clatter.
glosses: Of birds, to repeatedly strike the mandibles together.
Derived terms: clapperdudgeon
clapper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklæpɚ/
rhymes: -æpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: clappers
Etymology: Borrowed from French clapier.
Senses: examples: text: Poore cunnie so bagged,
Is soone overlagged
Plash burrow, set clapper,
For dog is a snapper
ref: 1557 February 13 (Gregorian calendar), Thomas Tusser, A Hundreth Good Pointes of Husbandrie, London: […] Richard Tottel, →OCLC; republished London: […] Robert Triphook, […], and William Sancho, […], 1810, →OCLC:
glosses: A rabbit burrow.
Related terms: english: has a distinct etymology
translation: has a distinct etymology
word: clapper bridge
cane
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /keɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
homophone: Cain
Forms: form: canes
form: caning
form: caned
form: caned
Etymology: From Middle English cane, canne, from Old French cane (“sugar cane”), from Latin canna (“reed”), from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of canna and kaneh. Related to channel and canal.
Senses: glosses: To strike or beat with a cane or similar implement.
examples: text: to cane chairs
text: In colonial days, threesquare was used to cane chair seats.
ref: 2018 March 14, Bryan MacKay, Paddle Maryland: A Guide to Rivers, Creeks, and Water Trails, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 38:
glosses: To make or furnish with cane or rattan.
examples: text: Mudchester Rovers were caned 10-0.
glosses: To destroy; to comprehensively defeat.
glosses: To do something well, in a competent fashion.
synonyms: cane it
glosses: To go very fast.
examples: text: Don’t hit me with that. It really canes!
text: Mate, my legs cane!
glosses: To produce extreme pain.
tempo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛm.pəʊ/
ipa: /ˈtɛm.poʊ/
rhymes: -ɛmpəʊ
Forms: form: tempos
form: tempi
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian tempo, from Latin tempus (“time”). Doublet of tense.
(truck or cargo van): A genericized trademark, originally associated with the manufacturer Vidal & Sohn Tempo-Werke GmbH.
Senses: examples: text: 10 calls per hour isn't a bad start, but we'll need to up the tempo if we want to reach our target of selling insurance policies.
text: The conductor asked the orchestra to increase the tempo.
text: The song has a slow tempo that makes it relaxing.
text: The dancer kept pace with the shifting tempo of the music.
glosses: A frequency or rate.
topics: board-games
chess
games
glosses: A move which is part of one's own plan or strategy and forces, e.g. by means of a check or attacking a piece, the opponent to make a move which is not bad but of no use (the player gains a tempo, the opponent loses a tempo), or equivalently a player achieves the same result in fewer moves by one approach rather than another.
topics: bridge
games
glosses: The timing advantage of being on lead, thus being first to initiate a strategy to develop tricks for one's side.
glosses: The timing of a particular event – earlier or later than in an alternative situation (as in chess example)
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The number of beats per minute in a piece of music; also, an indicative term denoting approximate rate of speed in written music (examples: allegro, andante)
topics: cycling
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: The steady pace set by the frontmost riders.
examples: text: From the back door of a tempo with his too-strong hands he lifted a woman wearing red clothes, like a precious jewel wrapped in gold embroidered cloth.
ref: 2025, Banu Mushtaq, “Be a Woman Once, Oh Lord!”, in Deepa Bhasthi, transl., Heart Lamp, And Other Stories, page 208:
glosses: A small truck or cargo van with three or four wheels, commonly used for commercial transport and deliveries (particularly in Asian and African countries).
topics: American-football
ball-games
football
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A rapid rate of play by the offense resulting from reducing the amount of time which elapses after one play ends and the next starts.
Related terms: high-tempo
l'istesso tempo
tempo giusto
tempo mark
tempo rubato
one step ahead
tempo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛm.pəʊ/
ipa: /ˈtɛm.poʊ/
rhymes: -ɛmpəʊ
Forms: form: tempos
Etymology: Clipping of temporary.
Senses: glosses: A temporary carport.
sixth
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪksθ/
ipa: [sɪkθ]
ipa: [sɪk(s)t̪]
note: common reduced form before a consonant
ipa: [sɪks]
rhymes: -ɪksθ
rhymes: -ɪkθ
homophone: (reduced form) six
Forms: form: sixt
Etymology: From earlier sixt, from Middle English sixte, from Old English siexta, from Proto-Germanic *sehstô. By surface analysis, six + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: examples: text: And * God ſaw euery thing that hee had made : and behold, it was very good. And the euening and the moꝛning were the ſixth day.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:31:
english: And God saw everything that he had made: and behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.
translation: And God saw everything that he had made: and behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day.
bold_translation_offsets: 112
117
text: Dr. Ridpath, in his usual happy manner, thanked the Executive Committee and the various members of the Association who had so earnestly cooperated with him in the work of the Sixth Annual Meeting now drawing to a close.
ref: 1892, Western Association of Writers, Sayings and Doings of the Sixth General Meeting, Jones Brothers Publishing Company, pages 271–272:
text: [T]he law codes drafted in Athens in the late seventh and early sixth centuries were the work of individuals, Drakon and then Solon.
ref: 1976, L[ilian] H[amilton] Jeffery, “Kylon and Drakon”, in Archaic Greece: The City-States, c. 700-500 b.c., New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, section II (Central and Northern Greece), subsection 7 (Athens and Attica), page 86:
text: On Monday, the federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency placed a similar detainer on Melvin Jovel, 18, who on Sunday was the sixth person to be arrested in the case.
ref: 2007 August 21, Kareem Fahim, “Presidential Candidate Blames Killings on Newark Sanctuary Policy”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 30 Aug 2019:
text: As this sixth edition is published in 2011, it is exactly 25 years since the publication of the first edition in 1986. That, in itself, is a very sobering thought, for all kinds of reasons.
ref: 2011 February 25, Peter Dicken, Global Shift, Sixth Edition: Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy, Guilford Press, page xi:
synonyms: 6th
mul:VI
VIth
glosses: The ordinal form of the number six.
Derived terms: one sixth
one-sixth
sixth column
sixth cousin
sixth cranial nerve
sixth disease
sixth form
sixth form college
sixth-former
sixth grade
sixth grader
sixth man
sixth-rate
sixth rate
sixth sense
two hundred fifty-sixth note
sixth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪksθ/
ipa: [sɪkθ]
ipa: [sɪk(s)t̪]
note: common reduced form before a consonant
ipa: [sɪks]
rhymes: -ɪksθ
rhymes: -ɪkθ
homophone: (reduced form) six
Forms: form: sixths
form: sixt
Etymology: From earlier sixt, from Middle English sixte, from Old English siexta, from Proto-Germanic *sehstô. By surface analysis, six + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: glosses: The person or thing in the sixth position.
raw_tags: not used in the plural
examples: text: On the moon, however the weight of a pound-mass (lb or lbm) is only about one sixth of a pound-force (lbf).
ref: 2000 October 9, Gérard P. Michon, “What is a slug, in the [engineering] weight measurement system?”, in Numericana.com:
synonyms: mul:⅙
glosses: One of six equal parts of a whole.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The interval between one note and another, five notes higher in the scale; for example C to A, a major sixth, or C to A flat, a minor sixth.
Derived terms: augmented sixth
augmented sixth chord
Australian sixth
diminished sixth
French augmented sixth chord
French sixth
German augmented sixth chord
German sixth
Italian augmented sixth chord
Italian sixth
Japanese sixth
lower sixth
major sixth
minor sixth
upper sixth
sixth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪksθ/
ipa: [sɪkθ]
ipa: [sɪk(s)t̪]
note: common reduced form before a consonant
ipa: [sɪks]
rhymes: -ɪksθ
rhymes: -ɪkθ
homophone: (reduced form) six
Forms: form: sixths
form: sixthing
form: sixthed
form: sixthed
form: sixt
Etymology: From earlier sixt, from Middle English sixte, from Old English siexta, from Proto-Germanic *sehstô. By surface analysis, six + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Why would anyone use sixthing when any (N − a²) divisible by 6 would also be divisible by 3? The answer is that sometimes the numerator and/or the denominator is simpler in sixthing,
ref: 1993, Dead Reckoning: Calculating Without Instruments, page 102:
glosses: To divide by six, equivalent to multiplying a denominator by six.
seventh
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛvnθ/
ipa: /ˈsɛvənθ/
rhymes: -ɛvənθ
Etymology: From Middle English seventhe, sefte, from Old English seofoþa, from Proto-West Germanic *sebundō, from Proto-Germanic *sebundô. The -n-, lost in northern Proto-West Germanic, was later reinserted by analogy with seven, equivalent to seven + -th.
Senses: examples: text: Sozomenus who wrote above twelve hundred years agoe, in his Seaventh Book relates from his own knowledge, that in the Churches of Cyprus and Arabia (places neer to Jeruſalem, and with the firſt frequented by Apoſtles) they had Biſhops in every Village ; and what could thoſe be more then Preſbyters?
ref: 1644, Dudley Diggs, The Unlawfulnesse of Subjects Taking up Armes against their Soveraigne, in what Case ſoever, page 158:
text: [H]e, a lollard indeed over his elbovv-cuſhion, in almoſt the ſeaventh part of 40. or 50. years teaches them ſcarce half the principles of religion; and his ſheep oft-times ſit the vvhile to as little purpoſe of benifiting as the ſheep in thir pues at Smithfield; […]
ref: 1659, J[ohn] M[ilton], Considerations Touching the Likeliest Means to Remove Hirelings out of the Church. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcombe] for L[ivewell] Chapman […], →OCLC, pages 57–58:
text: [T]he law codes drafted in Athens in the late seventh and early sixth centuries were the work of individuals, Drakon and then Solon.
ref: 1976, L[ilian] H[amilton] Jeffery, “Kylon and Drakon”, in Archaic Greece: The City-States, c. 700-500 b.c., New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, section II (Central and Northern Greece), subsection 7 (Athens and Attica), page 86:
text: Intel usually brings out a new generation of processors every 12-18 months, and the Core range is now in its seventh generation.
ref: 2017 January 19, Jack Schofield, “How can I tell if a PC processor is any good?”, in The Guardian:
text: Consequently, in the initial position the white pieces and pawns are placed on the first and second ranks; the black pieces and pawns on the eighth and seventh ranks.
ref: 2022, “2023 Laws of Chess”, in FIDE, page 21:
synonyms: word: 7th
word: 7ᵗʰ
word: VIIth
word: VII
english: in names of monarchs and popes
translation: in names of monarchs and popes
glosses: The ordinal form of the number seven.
Derived terms: half-diminished seventh chord
major seventh chord
minor seventh chord
seventh art
seventh chord
seventh cranial nerve
seventh grade
seventh grader
seventh heaven
seventh inning stretch
the seventh water after kissel
seventh
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛvnθ/
ipa: /ˈsɛvənθ/
rhymes: -ɛvənθ
Forms: form: sevenths
Etymology: From Middle English seventhe, sefte, from Old English seofoþa, from Proto-West Germanic *sebundō, from Proto-Germanic *sebundô. The -n-, lost in northern Proto-West Germanic, was later reinserted by analogy with seven, equivalent to seven + -th.
Senses: glosses: The person or thing in the seventh position.
glosses: One of seven equal parts of a whole.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A tone of the seventh degree from a given tone, the interval between two such tones, or the two tones sounding in unison.
Derived terms: augmented seventh
diminished seventh
dominant seventh
major seventh
minor seventh
eighth
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ātth
ipa: /eɪtθ/
enpr: ātth
enpr: āth
ipa: /eɪtθ/
ipa: /eɪθ/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɛj(ʈ)t̪ʰ/
note: pane–pain merger
ipa: /e(ʈ)t̪ʰ/
rhymes: -eɪtθ
rhymes: -eɪθ
Forms: form: eight
form: eightth
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English eiȝtthe, from Old English eahtoþa, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô; equivalent to eight + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Consequently, in the initial position the white pieces and pawns are placed on the first and second ranks; the black pieces and pawns on the eighth and seventh ranks.
ref: 2022, “2023 Laws of Chess”, in FIDE, page 21:
text: In 2023, the birthrate fell for the eighth consecutive year to 0.72, the lowest in the world, from 1.24 in 2015, raising concerns over the economic shock to society from such a rapid pace.
ref: 2025 February 25, Reuters, “South Korea’s birth rate rose for the first time in 9 years. Is the world’s lowest fertility rate on the rebound?”, in CNN, archived from the original on 06 Jul 2025:
glosses: The ordinal form of the number eight.
Synonyms: word: 8th
word: VIIIth
sense: in names of monarchs and popes
word: VIII
Derived terms: Admiral's eighth
eighth cranial nerve
eighth final
eighth grade
eighth grader
eighthly
eighthman
eighth man
eighth-man
eighth nerve
eighth note
eighth pole
eighth rest
eighth wonder of the world
five eighth
one eighth
second five-eighth
eighth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ātth
ipa: /eɪtθ/
enpr: ātth
enpr: āth
ipa: /eɪtθ/
ipa: /eɪθ/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɛj(ʈ)t̪ʰ/
note: pane–pain merger
ipa: /e(ʈ)t̪ʰ/
rhymes: -eɪtθ
rhymes: -eɪθ
Forms: form: eighths
form: eight
form: eightth
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English eiȝtthe, from Old English eahtoþa, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô; equivalent to eight + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: glosses: The person or thing in the eighth position.
examples: text: Two bits equals two eighths of a dollar.
glosses: One of eight equal parts of a whole.
examples: text: At midday he’d found an ageing eighth of hash in a drawer, a little bundle of cellophane.
ref: 2000, Zadie Smith, White Teeth, London: Penguin Books, published 2001, →ISBN, page 499:
glosses: An eighth of an ounce, or approximately 3.5 grams, of marijuana or other drugs.
glosses: An interval by doubling in pitch frequency.
Synonyms: sense: person or thing in the eighth position
word: eighth one
sense: One of eight equal parts
word: ⅛
sense: One of eight equal parts
word: half-quarter
sense: One of eight equal parts
english: for an eighth of an ounce of marijuana in the UK
translation: for an eighth of an ounce of marijuana in the UK
word: henry
sense: ochava (historical Spanish contexts)
word: ⅛ oz
sense: twice the frequency
word: octave
Coordinate terms: sense: One of eight equal parts
alt: a number greater by a ratio of nine to eight; 1+1⁄8
word: epogdoon
eighth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ātth
ipa: /eɪtθ/
enpr: ātth
enpr: āth
ipa: /eɪtθ/
ipa: /eɪθ/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɛj(ʈ)t̪ʰ/
note: pane–pain merger
ipa: /e(ʈ)t̪ʰ/
rhymes: -eɪtθ
rhymes: -eɪθ
Forms: form: eighths
form: eighthing
form: eighthed
form: eighthed
form: eight
form: eightth
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English eiȝtthe, from Old English eahtoþa, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô; equivalent to eight + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: examples: text: The first step is to eighth the script out. See figure 3.6 overleaf. Eighthing a script is subjective.
ref: 2013, Raindance Producers' Lab Lo-To-No Budget Filmmaking, page 31:
glosses: To divide by eight.
Related terms: octave
ninth
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: nīnth
ipa: /naɪnθ/
rhymes: -aɪnθ
Forms: form: nineth
Etymology: From Middle English nynthe, nynte, from Old English niġoþa, from Proto-Germanic *newundô; the -n- was reinserted by analogy with nine. Equivalent to nine + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Ever since El Martinez started asking to be called by the gender-neutral pronouns “they/them” in the ninth grade, they have fielded skepticism in a variety of forms and from a multitude of sources about what it means to identify as nonbinary.
ref: 2019 May 29, Amy Harmon, “Which Box Do You Check? Some States Are Offering a Nonbinary Option”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 08 Jun 2019:
text: Kash Patel, born to Gujarati parents in New York in 1980, was sworn in as the ninth director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation on Friday, in the presence of his girlfriend Alexis Wilkins and his family.
ref: 2025 February 22, “Who is Alexis Wilkins? FBI director Kash Patel takes oath in girlfriend's presence”, in The Hindustan Times, archived from the original on 22 Feb 2025:
glosses: The ordinal form of the number nine.
Synonyms: word: 9th
word: IXth
sense: in names of monarchs and popes
word: IX
Derived terms: ninthly
ninth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: nīnth
ipa: /naɪnθ/
rhymes: -aɪnθ
Forms: form: ninths
form: nineth
Etymology: From Middle English nynthe, nynte, from Old English niġoþa, from Proto-Germanic *newundô; the -n- was reinserted by analogy with nine. Equivalent to nine + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: glosses: The person or thing in the ninth position.
glosses: One of nine equal parts of a whole.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The compound interval between any tone and the tone represented on the ninth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and two of the octave above; the octave of the second, consisting of 13 or 14 semitones (called minor and major ninth).
ninth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: nīnth
ipa: /naɪnθ/
rhymes: -aɪnθ
Forms: form: ninths
form: ninthing
form: ninthed
form: ninthed
form: nineth
Etymology: From Middle English nynthe, nynte, from Old English niġoþa, from Proto-Germanic *newundô; the -n- was reinserted by analogy with nine. Equivalent to nine + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: examples: text: οὐ[δ̓] ὲνατεὐεται, should be translated “a tithe (offering or fee) is not given (or paid)”, “no tithing” (literally, “a ninth is not given”, “no ninth-ing”, if I may coin such a word).
ref: 1973, Herakles on Thasos, page 79:
text: A yearling "is ninthed" for Semele on Myconos (LSCG 96.23–24); the victim "is not ninthed" for Heracles Thasios
ref: 2010, Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities: The Sacred Laws of Selinus and Cyrene, page 161:
glosses: To lose a ninth.
examples: text: THE NINTHER-MEAN COMBINATION When data are only a little worse than usual, so far as wild and straggling values are concerned, we can do well enough by taking means of the results of ninthing.
ref: 2014, Contributions to Survey Sampling and Applied Statistics: Papers in Honor of H.O Hartley:
glosses: To divide by nine.
Derived terms: augmented ninth
bottom of the ninth
curse of the ninth
diminished ninth
eighty-ninth
fifty-ninth
forty-ninth
forty-ninth parallel
major ninth
minor ninth
ninety-ninth
ninth chord
ninth cranial nerve
ninth grade
ninth grader
ninth-inning
one-ninth
one ninth
seventy-ninth
sixty-ninth
thirty-ninth
twenty-ninth
tenth
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: tĕnth
ipa: /tɛnθ/
ipa: [tʰɛn̪θ]
ipa: /tɪnθ/
rhymes: -ɛnθ
rhymes: (pin–pen merger) -ɪnθ
Etymology: From Middle English tenth, tenthe. Old English had tēoþa (origin of Modern English tithe), but the force of analogy to the cardinal number "ten" caused Middle English speakers to recreate the regular ordinal and re-insert the nasal consonant. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tehundô. Equivalent to ten (numeral) + -th (suffix forming ordinals).
Senses: examples: text: My dear young lady, here I am for the tenth time.
ref: a. 1776, Joseph Baretti, “Dialogue the Fortieth”, in Easy Phraseology for the Use of Those Persons Who Intend to Learn the Colloquial Part of the Italian Language, 1835 edition, Turin: Joseph Bocca, page 221:
text: These words are formed by the rusty iron point with which I write with difficulty in scrapings of soot and charcoal from the chimney, mixed with blood, in the last month of the tenth year of my captivity.
ref: 1859, Charles Dickens, “The Substance of the Shadow”, in A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book III (The Track of a Storm), page 214:
text: A hunger strike at a South Florida immigration detention center state officials have named “Alligator Alcatraz” has entered its tenth day, as detainees protest what they call inhumane and dangerous living conditions.
ref: 2025 August 1, Jamie Guirola, “'Alligator Alcatraz' detainees on hunger strike for 10th day, protesting conditions”, in NBC News, archived from the original on 08 Aug 2025:
glosses: The ordinal numeral form of ten; next in order after that which is ninth.
examples: text: The Ephah and the Bath shal be of one measure, that the Bath may containe the tenth part of an Homer, and the Ephah the tenth part of an Homer: the measure thereof shall be after the Homer.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ezekiel 45:11:
glosses: Being one of ten equal parts of a whole.
Synonyms: word: 10th
word: Xth
word: tithe
sense: in epithets
word: X
Derived terms: tenth cranial nerve
tenth grade
tenth grader
tenth-rate
tenth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: tĕnth
ipa: /tɛnθ/
ipa: [tʰɛn̪θ]
ipa: /tɪnθ/
rhymes: -ɛnθ
rhymes: (pin–pen merger) -ɪnθ
Forms: form: tenths
Etymology: From Middle English tenth, tenthe. Old English had tēoþa (origin of Modern English tithe), but the force of analogy to the cardinal number "ten" caused Middle English speakers to recreate the regular ordinal and re-insert the nasal consonant. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tehundô. Equivalent to ten (numeral) + -th (suffix forming ordinals).
Senses: glosses: The person or thing coming next after the ninth in a series; that which is in the tenth position.
examples: text: Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month.
ref: 2013 August 3, “Boundary problems”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:
glosses: One of ten equal parts of a whole.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The interval between any tone and the tone represented on the tenth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and three of the octave above; the octave of the third.
topics: law
glosses: A temporary aid issuing out of personal property, and granted to the king by Parliament; formerly, the real tenth part of all the movables belonging to the subject.
topics: engineering
machining
mechanical-engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A tenth of a mil; a ten-thousandth of an inch.
Synonyms: sense: one of ten parts
word: decim
sense: one of ten parts
word: decima
sense: one of ten parts
word: decimate
sense: one of ten parts
word: tithe
sense: one of ten parts
word: titheling
sense: one of ten parts
word: tithing
sense: musical interval or note
word: decima
Derived terms: one-tenth
tenth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: tĕnth
ipa: /tɛnθ/
ipa: [tʰɛn̪θ]
ipa: /tɪnθ/
rhymes: -ɛnθ
rhymes: (pin–pen merger) -ɪnθ
Forms: form: tenths
form: tenthing
form: tenthed
form: tenthed
Etymology: From Middle English tenth, tenthe. Old English had tēoþa (origin of Modern English tithe), but the force of analogy to the cardinal number "ten" caused Middle English speakers to recreate the regular ordinal and re-insert the nasal consonant. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tehundô. Equivalent to ten (numeral) + -th (suffix forming ordinals).
Senses: examples: text: A regular cistern may be inched or tenthed by the rule given for inching or tenthing the back, copper, or cooler, which inching or tenthing should be entered in a table book for use.
ref: 1832, The Practical Measurer, Containing the Uses of Logarithms, and Gunter's Scale:
glosses: To divide by ten, into tenths.
duel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈdʒuːəl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈdjuːəl/
enpr: d(y)o͞oʹəl
ipa: /ˈduəl/
ipa: /ˈdjuəl/
homophone: dual
homophone: jewel (yod-coalescence)
rhymes: -uːəl
rhymes: -ʊəl
Forms: form: duels
Etymology: From Medieval Latin duellum (“fight between two men, duel”), itself from Old Latin duellum (“war, fight”), which survived in Classical Latin as a rare byform of bellum and was later reinterpreted as “duel” by unetymological association with duo (“two”).
May have entered English through Middle French duel.
Senses: examples: text: I have often thought since, how different my fate might have been, had I not fallen in love with Nora at that early age; and had I not flung the wine in Quin’s face, and so brought on the duel.
ref: 1844 January–December, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “In Which I Show Myself to Be a Man of Spirit”, in “The Memoirs of Barry Lyndon, Esq. [The Luck of Barry Lyndon.]”, in Miscellanies: Prose and Verse, volume III, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1856, →OCLC, page 36:
text: It has been 200 years, minus a few days, since Vice President Aaron Burr fatally shot Alexander Hamilton in a duel here. Weehawken and the duel have been tied together in an often-uncomfortable knot ever since.
ref: 2004 July 5, Jason George, “A Duel Evokes Dueling Emotions Over a Unique Place in History”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Arranged, regular combat between two private persons, often over a matter of honor.
glosses: Historically, the wager of battle (judicial combat).
examples: text: a sniper duel
text: But it leaves them with a few destroyers, the American destroyer force is falling back, and then you have the two cruiser lines with their respective battleships coming in for the big duel.
ref: 2019 March 6, Drachinifel, 25:33 from the start, in The Battle of Samar (Alternate History) - Bring on the Battleships!, archived from the original on 20 Jul 2022:
text: Apple comes out swinging in the duel of the data titans [title]
ref: 2021 May 1, John Naughton, “Apple comes out swinging in the duel of the data titans”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Any battle or struggle between two contending persons, forces, groups, or ideas.
duel
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈdʒuːəl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈdjuːəl/
enpr: d(y)o͞oʹəl
ipa: /ˈduəl/
ipa: /ˈdjuəl/
homophone: dual
homophone: jewel (yod-coalescence)
rhymes: -uːəl
rhymes: -ʊəl
Forms: form: duels
form: dueling
form: duelling
form: dueled
form: dueled
form: duelled
form: duelled
Etymology: From Medieval Latin duellum (“fight between two men, duel”), itself from Old Latin duellum (“war, fight”), which survived in Classical Latin as a rare byform of bellum and was later reinterpreted as “duel” by unetymological association with duo (“two”).
May have entered English through Middle French duel.
Senses: examples: text: The two dogs were duelling for the bone.
text: The country’s fencing federation has officially recognised lightsaber duelling as a competitive sport, granting the weapon from George Lucas’s space saga the same status as the foil, epee and sabre, the traditional blades used at the Olympics.
ref: 2019 February 19, “Lightsaber duelling registered as official sport in France”, in The Guardian:
glosses: To engage in a battle.
Derived terms: dueler
duelism
duelist
duelsome
outduel
truel
Related terms: duello
dual
Italian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈtæliən/
enpr: ĭ-tăl􂀽'ē-ən
note: US, less common, see Eye-talian
ipa: /aɪˈtæliən/
enpr: ī-tăl􂀽'ē-ən
note: US, less common, see Eye-talian
rhymes: -æliən
Forms: form: more Italian
form: most Italian
Etymology: From Middle English Italian, from Medieval Latin Italiānus, from Latin Italia (“Italy”).
Senses: examples: text: Italian borders
glosses: Pertaining to Italy.
examples: text: Italian cuisines
hypernyms: European
glosses: Pertaining to its people or their cultures.
examples: text: Italian verbs
hypernyms: Indo-European
glosses: Pertaining to their language.
examples: text: It has been shown that there was a great disposition on the part of some German printers, especially Albert Durer, to adopt the rounded Italian type; others preferring the crisp angularity of the Gothic black-letter, even for general purposes; while for books of devotion it appears to have been deemed the more orthodox; the Italian style of type being deemed an innovation.
ref: 1868, Henry Noel Humphreys, A History of the Art of Printing, page 175:
glosses: Using an italic style; italic.
Synonyms: Italish
Derived terms: anti-Italian
Italian a
Italian-American
Italian bee
Italian brainrot
Italian brain rot
Italian bread
Italian cloth
Italian cypress
Italian dandelion
Italian dressing
Italian East Africa
Italian Game
Italian greyhound
Italian ice
Italian iron
Italian ivy
Italian juice
Italian kale
Italian millet
Italian paste
Italian Riviera
Italian sighthound
Italian Somaliland
Italian stone pine
Italian strawflower
Italian strike
Italian thistle
Italian vermouth
Sicilian Italian
Italian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈtæliən/
enpr: ĭ-tăl􂀽'ē-ən
note: US, less common, see Eye-talian
ipa: /aɪˈtæliən/
enpr: ī-tăl􂀽'ē-ən
note: US, less common, see Eye-talian
rhymes: -æliən
Forms: form: Italians
Etymology: From Middle English Italian, from Medieval Latin Italiānus, from Latin Italia (“Italy”).
Senses: examples: text: As Di Matteo celebrated and captain John Terry raised the trophy for the fourth time, the Italian increased his claims to become the permanent successor to Andre Villas-Boas by landing a trophy.
ref: 2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:
synonyms: word: dago
word: Eyetie
word: Itie
word: goombah
word: greaseball
word: guido
word: guinea
word: macaroni
word: pizza nigger
word: spaghetti
word: wog
word: wop
glosses: An inhabitant of Italy, or a person of Italian descent.
examples: text: In Occitan a stroll, una passejada, is close to the Italian passeggiata, and a reminder of what a public business it is to amble these streets.
ref: 2024 July 20, Fiona Sampson, “The other Dordogne: exploring France’s unspoiled Périgord region”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 16 Sep 2024:
glosses: The official language of Italy, also spoken in San Marino, the Vatican, and parts of Argentina, Slovenia and Switzerland.
examples: text: Simple Cannoli, Lemon Ice, or a delicious Tira Mi Su. With so many wonderful recipes, you can eat Italian anytime.
ref: 1995, Betty Crocker's New Italian Cooking, page 5:
topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
glosses: A style of cuisine or individual dishes of or associated with Italy or Italian people.
topics: business
manufacturing
textiles
glosses: Ellipsis of Italian cloth.
examples: text: gin and Italian
text: So the English women would have been interested in American drinks, and in came the gin-and-Italian, for example.
ref: 1971, John Doxat, The World of Drinks and Drinking, page 102:
glosses: Ellipsis of Italian vermouth, a dark-colored sweet or mildly bitter vermouth.
glosses: Ellipsis of Italian sandwich.
Meronyms: Corsican
Tuscan
Derived terms: Italian of the East
Old Italian
Sicilian Italian
Related terms: Wiktionary’s coverage of Italian terms
IFE
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Institution of Fire Engineers.
musical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/
Forms: form: more musical
form: most musical
form: musicall
Etymology: From Middle English musical, from Old French [Term?], from Medieval Latin mūsicālis, from Latin mūsica (“music”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives); equivalent to music + -al.
Senses: examples: text: musical proportion
text: musical instruments
glosses: Of, belonging or relating to music, or to its performance or notation.
examples: text: She had a musical voice.
glosses: Pleasing to the ear; sounding agreeably; having the qualities of music; melodious; harmonious.
examples: text: having a musical ear
text: The child is musical.
glosses: Fond of music; discriminating with regard to music; gifted or skilled in music.
examples: text: Musical beds is the faculty sport around here.
ref: 1962, Edward Albee, Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?: A Play, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 34:
text: Musical seats upon an airplane is not a game I recommend.
ref: 2004, Mike Bright, A Dream Realized: A Collection of Poems by Cowboy Mike Bright, Xulon Press, →ISBN, page 341:
text: “Sounds like y'all are playing musical houses. How did you convince your mama to move to Austin?”
ref: 2006, Evelyn Palfrey, The Price of Passion, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 441:
text: Parties were splitting, forming, merging, and dissolving in such rapid succession that the game of musical chairs seemed to describe what was going on better than any known theory of political science.
ref: 2011, Leonard James Schoppa, The Evolution of Japan's Party System: Politics and Policy in an Era of Institutional Change, University of Toronto Press, →ISBN, page 14:
text: Among my small circle of college friends, and even more so among the volunteers here, couples are so often changing places, people playing musical lovers.
ref: 2014, Tyler McMahon, Kilometer 99: A Novel, St. Martin's Griffin, →ISBN, page 138:
glosses: Pertaining to a class of games in which players move while music plays, but have to take a fixed position when it stops; by extension, any situation where people repeatedly change positions.
Derived terms: amusical
antimusical
biomusical
dramaticomusical
dramatico-musical
electromusical
ethnomusical
extramusical
immusical
ludomusical
minimusical
multimusical
musical bow
musical box
musical chairs
musical comedy
musical ear syndrome
musical film
musical glasses
musical instrument
musical interval
musicalise
musicalization
musicalize
musicalness
musical notation
musical saw
musical sawist
musical scale
musical theater
musical theatre
musical theory
musical time
nonmusical
philomusical
premusical
pseudomusical
pyromusical
quasimusical
sociomusical
theory of musical equilibration
unmusical
Related terms: music
musicality
musically
musical
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/
Forms: form: musicals
form: musicall
Etymology: From Middle English musical, from Old French [Term?], from Medieval Latin mūsicālis, from Latin mūsica (“music”) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives); equivalent to music + -al.
Senses: examples: text: It is unthinkable for a straight play to enjoy a life span like those of the blockbuster musicals or to earn such astronomical grosses.
ref: 2004, Steven Adler, On Broadway: Art and Commerce on the Great White Way, SIU Press, →ISBN, page 221:
glosses: A stage performance, show or film that involves singing, dancing and musical numbers performed by the cast as well as acting.
qualifier: probably archaic or obsolete
glosses: A meeting or a party for a musical entertainment; a musicale.
Derived terms: 2.5D musical
dancical
jukebox musical
megamusical
Seussical
supermusical
soccer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɒk.ə/
ipa: /ˈsɑk.ɚ/
rhymes: -ɒkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: socker
form: socca
Etymology: Originally British English; as an abbreviation for association football, via abbreviation assoc. + -er (suffix); earlier socker (1885), also socca (1889), with soccer attested 1888.
Compare contemporary rugger, from Rugby. Similarly constructed coinages from the same period include: brekker (“breakfast”), fresher (“freshman”) and footer (“football”). See Oxford -er.
Senses: examples: text: The 'Varsity played Aston Villa and were beaten after a very exciting game; this was pre-eminently the most important "Socker" game played in Oxford this term.
ref: 1885 December 23, “Our Oxford Letter”, in The Oldhallian, page 171:
text: Golf is perhaps seven or eight years old in Oxford, ... football, seu Rugger, sive Soccer, not more than sixteen or seventeen.
ref: 1888 February 15, “Charley Symonds”, in The Oxford Magazine, page 224:
text: Those who play under the "Socker" (Association) rules in the North of England, the Midlands, and Scotland take no heed of the warmness of the weather
ref: 1889 September 16, “Football Prospects in the West of England”, in The Western Daily Press, volume 63, number 9757, Bristol, page 7:
text: Socker (public schools), football played according to the Association Rules
ref: 1890, Albert Barrère, Charles Leland, A Dictionary of Slang, Jargon & Cant, volume 2, Ballantyne, page 275:
ref: 1987, Charles Hughes, The Football Association Coaching Book of Soccer: Tactics and Skills, London: BBC, →ISBN:
synonyms: word: association football
word: soccer
word: football
english: ambiguous
translation: ambiguous
word: association football
word: soccer
word: soccer football
word: football
word: footy
word: footie
word: footer
word: wogball
word: American football
word: gridiron
word: gridiron football
word: Canadian football
word: Aussie rules
word: VFL
word: AFL
word: league
word: ball
raw_tags: in all varieties of English and in all games called "football"
word: pill
raw_tags: in Aussie rules and rugby
word: soccer ball
word: pigskin
word: rugby ball
raw_tags: in all varieties of English
qualifier: originated; late 19th C; and other countries; originated; late 19th C; and other countries
glosses: Association football.
Derived terms: anti-soccer
beach soccer
crab soccer
indoor soccer
soccer ball
soccer club
soccer dad
soccer field
soccer football
soccer mom
soccer mum
Socceroo
Socceroos
soccer pitch
soccer player
table soccer
Related terms: rugger
soccer
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɒk.ə/
ipa: /ˈsɑk.ɚ/
rhymes: -ɒkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: soccers
form: soccering
form: soccered
form: soccered
form: socker
form: socca
Etymology: Originally British English; as an abbreviation for association football, via abbreviation assoc. + -er (suffix); earlier socker (1885), also socca (1889), with soccer attested 1888.
Compare contemporary rugger, from Rugby. Similarly constructed coinages from the same period include: brekker (“breakfast”), fresher (“freshman”) and footer (“football”). See Oxford -er.
Senses: examples: text: The rule seems to have encouraged players to soccer the ball along the ground.
ref: 1990, Geoffrey Blainey, A Game of Our Own: The Origins of Australian Football, Black Inc. Publishing, published 2003, page 73:
text: […]West Perth seemed on the verge of victory, only to succumb by 4 points after a soccered goal from Old Easts with less than half a minute remaining.
ref: 2008, John Devaney, Full Points Footy′s WA Football Companion, page 334:
text: Fevola showed the best and worst of his play after dropping a simple chest mark, only to regather seconds later and soccer the ball through from the most acute of angles.
ref: 2010 March 27, Michael Whiting, “Lions give Fev debut to remember”, in AFL - The official site of the Australian Football League:
qualifier: Australian rules football
glosses: To kick the football directly off the ground, without using one's hands.
football
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfʊtbɔːl/
ipa: [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔːl]
ipa: [ˈfʊʔtʰbɔːl]
ipa: [ˈfʊʔbɔːl]
ipa: /ˈfʊtbɔl/
ipa: [ˈfʊʔtbɔɫ]
ipa: [ˈfʊʔt̚bɔɫ]
ipa: /ˈfʊtbɑl/
ipa: [ˈfʷʊʔt̚bɑɫ]
ipa: /ˈfʊtboːl/
ipa: /fʉtbɔl/
note: Indic
ipa: /fʊʈ̬bɔl/
note: father-bother merger
ipa: /fʊʈ̬bɑl/
Forms: form: footballs
form: footballing
form: footballed
form: footballed
form: foot-ball
form: foot ball
Etymology: From Middle English fotbal, footbal, equivalent to foot + ball, which may refer to the act of kicking a ball with the feet or to the fact the game was played on foot (as opposed to on horseback or with players in fixed positions). The name for the briefcase is a play on “dropkick”, the code name of an early version of the nuclear war plan.
Senses: examples: text: It was an announcement of the outbreak of what is now termed World War I. Some of us lads were footballing when we heard the news. It left us bewildered.
ref: 1969, Alec Hugh Chisholm, The Joy of the Earth, page 358:
text: You walked up our road, passed the elms that bordered our park until Dutch disease killed them in the early 1970s, diagonally crossed its field where we footballed, turned right at the drinking fountain and cattle trough […]
ref: 2019, David Randall, Suburbia: A Far from Ordinary Place:
glosses: To play football.
zipper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: zĭʹpər
ipa: /ˈzɪpɚ/
ipa: /ˈzɪpə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: zippers
Etymology: 1925, zip + -er. The trade name was registered in 1925 by B.F. Goodrich for “boots made of rubber and fabric,” claiming use of the name since June 1923. No longer a registered trademark.
Senses: examples: text: He got his T-shirt stuck in the zipper of his jacket.
glosses: A zip fastener.
glosses: A pressure-sensitive plastic closure, as on a Ziploc bag.
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A leucine zipper.
examples: text: I also competed in track and field at Idaho, and it's all because of putting the shot that I've got my long scar, my zipper, down the back of my neck.
ref: 1969, Jerry Kramer, Farewell to football, page 111:
text: Making the transition from high school to college teams, for instance, he could not believe the scars his new players were sporting. "So many athletes had zippers down the side of their knee, or knees; they thought nothing of it and called this or that a Band-Aid operation. […]
ref: 1979, Don Atyeo, Blood & guts, violence in sports, page 227:
glosses: A scar on a person's body.
examples: text: […] the usual gap between the time the last strike of the day departed and the first night hecklers arrived was closed with "zippers" — night fighters who, using day fighter tactics, proceeded to the target in daylight in time to relieve the last day blanket patrol.
ref: 1949, Walter Karig, Battle Report:
text: They would handle all the night combat air patrols, the night hecklers who would go over the enemy airfields, and we formed a new little gimmick called "zippers" to help close that gap between the time the daylight strikes left the target and darkness.
ref: 1993, E. T. Wooldridge, Carrier Warfare in the Pacific: An Oral History Collection, page 268:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: An air patrol carried out at dawn or dusk.
topics: BDSM
lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: A string of clothes pegs or clips attached to the body and then quickly pulled off.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: A technique for arbitrarily traversing an aggregate data structure and updating its contents. See zipper (data structure).
examples: text: Skills acquired include learning the "Flea Hop" and the "Tarzan Swing" as well as "Riding the Zipper" (sliding 400 feet on a cable between two mountain peaks), canoeing in white-water rapids, bushwacking and learning to "rappel" hundreds of feet down sheer rock cliffs on a rope.
ref: 1975 July 23, The Barium Messenger, Barium Springs, NC, page 2, column 3:
glosses: A zipline.
Synonyms: word: slide fastener
word: zip
word: zip fastener
Meronyms: slider
teeth
Derived terms: leucine zipper
zipper lane
zipper machine
zipper merge
zipper sex
zipper spider
zippery
zipper
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: zĭʹpər
ipa: /ˈzɪpɚ/
ipa: /ˈzɪpə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: zippers
form: zippering
form: zippered
form: zippered
Etymology: 1925, zip + -er. The trade name was registered in 1925 by B.F. Goodrich for “boots made of rubber and fabric,” claiming use of the name since June 1923. No longer a registered trademark.
Senses: examples: He zippered his sweater against the cold.
synonyms: zipper up
zip up
zip
antonyms: unzipper
unzip
zipper down
zip down
glosses: to close a zipper.
examples: These fall jackets are zippered.
glosses: to put a zipper on an article.
glosses: to act in a manner similar to a zipper
to act in a manner similar to a zipper closing
synonyms: zipper up
zip up
zip
glosses: to act in a manner similar to a zipper
to act in a manner similar to a zipper closing
to interleave
synonyms: zipper up
zip up
zip
glosses: to act in a manner similar to a zipper
to act in a manner similar to a zipper closing
to interleave
to intersperse
synonyms: zipper up
zip up
zip
glosses: to act in a manner similar to a zipper
to unzipper
synonyms: zipper down
zip down
unzip
Derived terms: zipper down
zipper up