cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
velum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈviː.ləm/
ipa: /ˈvɛl.əm/
ipa: /ˈveɪ.ləm/
rhymes: -iːləm
Forms: form: vela
form: velums
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin vēlum (“a cloth, covering, awning, curtain, veil”). Doublet of veil.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.
The soft palate.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.
A thin membrane partially covering the cluster of sporangia near the leaf base in quillworts and their extinct relatives.
topics: biology
mycology
natural-sciences
glosses: A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.
A veil-like membrane of immature mushrooms extending from the margin of the cap to the stem and is torn by growth, to reveal the gills.
topics: biology
malacology
natural-sciences
glosses: A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.
A locomotory and feeding organ provided with cilia found in the larval stage of bivalves.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.
An annular membrane, typically bordering a cavity, especially in certain molluscs, medusae, and other invertebrates.
glosses: A thin membrane resembling a veil or curtain.
A delicate membrane found on certain protists.
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: An accessory cloud resembling a veil extending over a large distance; normally associated with cumulus and cumulonimbus.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: a thin coating or film of mucus or phlegm.
Derived terms: word: velar
ombre
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒm.bə/
ipa: /ˈɒm.bɹeɪ/
rhymes: -ɒmbə
rhymes: -ɒmbɹeɪ
Etymology: Borrowed from French hombre, from Spanish hombre, literally, a man, from Latin homō. Doublet of gome, hombre, homo, and omi. See human.
Senses: examples: text: Belinda now, whom chirst of fame invites, / Burns to encounter two advent'rous Knights, / At Ombre singly to decide their doom / And swells her breast with conquests yet to com
ref: 1712 May, [Alexander Pope], “The Rape of the Locke. An Heroi-comical Poem.”, in Miscellaneous Poems and Translations. […], London: […] Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, canto:
text: When ombre calls, his hand and heart are free, / And, joined to two, he fails not to make three.
ref: 1725–1728, [Edward Young], “(please specify the page)”, in Love of Fame, the Universal Passion. In Seven Characteristical Satires, 4th edition, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson […], published 1741, →OCLC:
glosses: A Spanish card game, usually played by three people. It involves forty cards, omitting the ranks of 8, 9 and 10.
ombre
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒm.bə/
ipa: /ˈɒm.bɹeɪ/
rhymes: -ɒmbə
rhymes: -ɒmbɹeɪ
Forms: form: ombres
Senses: synonyms: shi drum
gurbell
sea crow
bearded umbrine
corb
glosses: A large Mediterranean food fish, Umbrina cirrosa
Synonyms: umbra
umbrine
ombre
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒm.bə/
ipa: /ˈɒm.bɹeɪ/
rhymes: -ɒmbə
rhymes: -ɒmbɹeɪ
Forms: form: ombres
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of ombré (“a gradual blending of one color hue to another”).
sym-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Etymology: From Ancient Greek συμ- (sum-), variant of συν- (sun-), from σύν (sún, “with, in company with, together with”).
Senses: glosses: variant of syn-, used before the letters b, m and p.
Synonyms: sense: identical
word: homo-
sense: identical
word: iso-
sense: identical
word: ipsi-
sense: identical
word: syn-
sense: together
word: co-
sense: together
word: con-
sense: together
word: com-
sense: together
word: col-
sense: together
word: cor-
sense: together
word: syn-
sense: together
word: syl-
sense: together
word: inter-
pickled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pickle
pickled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more pickled
form: most pickled
Senses: examples: text: But Richmond[…]appeared to lose himself in his own reflections. Some pickled crab, which he had not touched, had been removed with a damson pie; and his sister saw[…]that he had eaten no more than a spoonful of that either.
ref: 1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax:
glosses: Preserved by pickling.
glosses: Drunk.
Synonyms: sense: drunk
word: drunk
Derived terms: nonpickled
pickled egg
pickled pine
pickled punk
unpickled
crumbly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: crumblier
form: more crumbly
form: crumbliest
form: most crumbly
Etymology: From crumble + -y.
Senses: examples: Near-synonym: crumby
glosses: Easy to break into small fragments; brittle or friable.
Derived terms: crumbliness
noncrumbly
crumbly
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: crumblies
Etymology: From crumble + -y.
Senses: examples: text: If they are right, then why aren't we seeing old crumblies like you on the cover of Vogue?
ref: 2005, Sharon Grehan, Random Acts of Malice, page 61:
glosses: A decrepit old person.
Stalin
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɑː.lɪn/
rhymes: -ɑːlɪn
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian Ста́лин (Stálin), from сталь (stalʹ, “steel”) + -ин (-in, possessive suffix), from German Stahl (“steel”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *stahlą (“steel”).
Senses: examples: text: Even in Stalin’s time there was collective leadership. The Western idea of a dictator within the Communist setup is exaggerated. Misunderstandings on that subject are caused by lack of comprehension of the real nature and organization of the Communist power structure. Stalin, although holding wide powers, was merely the captain of a team and it seems obvious that Khrushchev will be the new captain. However, it does not appear that any of the present leaders will rise to the stature of Lenin and Stalin, so that it will be safer to assume that developments in Moscow will be along the lines of what is called collective leadership, unless Western policies force the Soviets to streamline their power organization. The present situation is the most favorable from the point of view of upsetting the Communist dictatorship since the death of Stalin.
ref: 2008 February 26 [1955 March 2], Central Intelligence Agency of the United States, “Comments on the change in Soviet leadership”, in www.cia.gov, page 1:
text: A monument to Soviet dictator Josef Stalin erected in Moscow's metro is stirring debate, with some Russians welcoming it as a historical tribute, but others saying it's a mistake to commemorate someone who presided over so much suffering.
ref: 2025 May 22, “Monument to Soviet dictator Josef Stalin in Moscow metro stirs debate”, in Reuters:
glosses: A surname from Russian; usually referring to the Georgian revolutionary and General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Joseph Stalin.
wikipedia: Stalin
Derived terms: destalinization
destalinize
Stalinesque
Stalin-esque
Stalinian
Stalinism
Stalinist
Stalinite
Stalinization
Stalinize
Stalin's organ
Related terms: Sralin
Stalinabad
Stalingrad
Steelman
steely
Kirkuk
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A city in northeastern Iraq.
strep throat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: An infection of the throat with streptococci.
horse trailer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: horse trailers
Senses: glosses: a wheeled transport for horses
Synonyms: english: small horse trailers
translation: small horse trailers
word: horsebox
McGovern
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: McGoverns
Etymology: Anglicized form of Irish and Scottish Gaelic Mac Samhradháin (“son of Samhradhán”), diminutive of samhradh (“summer”).
Senses: examples: text: There stood old Mandy McGovern, her long brown rifle half raised, her finger lying sophisticatedly along the trigger guard, that she might not touch the hair trigger.
ref: 1907, Emerson Hough, The Way of a Man:
glosses: A surname from Irish or Scottish Gaelic.
glosses: A census-designated place in Washington County, Pennsylvania, United States.
Bolton
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒltən/
Forms: form: Boulton
Etymology: From Middle English Bodeltone (in the Domesday Book) etc., ultimately from Old English bolt, bold, botl, etc. (“home, hall, manor”) + -tun (“-ton: enclosure, town”).
Senses: examples: text: But Bolton deserve real credit, seeking to take advantage of their jitters at every opportunity in typically determined fashion.
ref: 2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC:
glosses: A place in the United Kingdom:
A town and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England.
glosses: A place in the United Kingdom:
A village and civil parish in Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England, previously in Eden district (OS grid ref NY6323).
glosses: A place in the United Kingdom:
A small village in Fangfoss parish, East Riding of Yorkshire, England (OS grid ref SE7752).
glosses: A place in the United Kingdom:
A small village in Hedgeley parish, Northumberland, England (OS grid ref NU1013).
glosses: A place in the United Kingdom:
A northern suburb of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England (OS grid ref SE1635).
glosses: A place in the United Kingdom:
A small village south of Haddington, East Lothian council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NT5070).
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Tolland County, Connecticut.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A neighbourhood of Atlanta, Georgia.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Stephenson County, Illinois.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Montgomery County, Kansas.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Worcester County, Massachusetts.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Maple Ridge Township, Alpena County, Michigan.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Hinds County, Mississippi.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Harrison County, Missouri.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Warren County, New York.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Columbus County, North Carolina.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A census-designated place in Lexington Township, Stark County, Ohio.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town and census-designated place therein, in Chittenden County, Vermont.
glosses: A large community in the town of Caledon, Regional Municipality of Peel, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A locality in the Rural City of Swan Hill, Victoria, Australia.
examples: text: This was not the first disagreement between the ultra-hawkish Bolton and the occasionally more intervention-skeptic Trump.
ref: 2019 September 10, Christian Britschgi, “Ultra-Hawk John Bolton Fired From Trump Administration”, in Reason:
glosses: A habitational surname from Old English.
Derived terms: Bolton Abbey
Bolton-by-Bowland
Bolton-le-Sands
Bolton Percy
Bolton upon Dearne
Castle Bolton
Related terms: english: civil parish
translation: civil parish
word: Boltons
backless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbækləs/
rhymes: -ækləs
Etymology: From back + -less.
Senses: examples: text: a backless surgical gown
text: The apartment was almost dismantled; chairs lay backless about the floor amid china shepherdesses and toreadors; pictures were thrown over the sofa, […]
ref: 1885, George Moore, A Mummer's Wife:
glosses: Having no back, especially where one would be expected, as with a chair or a dress.
glosses: Having the back uncovered, showing the skin.
raw_tags: of a person
Derived terms: backlessness
backmost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbækˌmoʊst/
Etymology: From back + -most.
Senses: examples: 1922, Thomas Hardy, Late Lyrics and Earlier
This [hobby] was to delve at whiles for easel-lumber, / Stowed in the backmost slums of a soon-reached city, / Merely on chance to uncloak some worthy canvas, […]
glosses: farthest back
Related terms: hindmost
rearmost
baruch Hashem
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: /bəˈɹʊx həˈʃɛm/
/bəˈɹuːx həˈʃɛm/
/bəˈɹʊx(h)əˌʃɛm/
Forms: form: baruch HaShem
Etymology: From Hebrew בָּרוּךְ הַשֵׁם (barúkh hashém, literally “blessed be the name [of the Lord]”), likely via Yiddish ברוך השם (borukh hashem).
Senses: glosses: thank God
Golden Delicious
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Golden Deliciouses
form: golden delicious
Senses: examples: text: Now this is quality produce, and you know what they say – you’ll never get tired of a good old Granny Smith, no matter how many of those horrible Golden Deliciouses you get rammed down your throat.
ref: 1998 November, “Fanzine Farm”, in James Ashton, editor, N64 Magazine, number 21, Bath: Future Publishing Ltd, →ISSN, page 18:
text: Sure, they’re just adding animal hormones to fruit at parties on the weekend right now, but soon, they’ll be adjusting some apple DNA every night, staying out late and hanging out with seedy (unintentional but highly awesome pun!) characters. They’ll ignore their responsibilities, turn on their families, and resort to a life of crime to support this filthy habit.. And where does that leave us, your average student apple aficionados? Eating cow-infused Golden Deliciouses, that’s where.
ref: 2009 September 15, Stacey McLachlan, “Secret Meat”, in D’Arcy Bresson, editor, The Lance, volume 82, number 6, Windsor, Ont.: University of Windsor, page 14:
text: The committee certainly spent a morning in an orchard, and there was a nice young apple-farmer with a beard who knew his Granny Smiths from his Golden Deliciouses.
ref: 2016, Sarah Winterton, “The Awkward Squad in Their Pomp”, in The Wintertons Unmuzzled: The Life & Times of Nick & Ann Winterton, Two Westminster Mavericks, London: Biteback Publishing, →ISBN, page 232:
glosses: A variety of apple which is pale yellow/green in color, and has a mild sweet flavour
Derived terms: Jonagold
Related terms: Red Delicious
carronade
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɛɹ.ənˌeɪd/
ipa: /ˌkɛɹ.ənˈeɪd/
rhymes: -eɪd
Forms: form: carronades
Etymology: First made at Carron in Scotland.
Senses: examples: text: [They] viewed the vessel, which proved to be a very fine fast-sailing craft, well found, with six brass carronades on each side.
ref: 1836, Frederick Marryat, Mr. Midshipman Easy:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A very short carriage gun used to fire a heavy shot for a limited range.
examples: text: The fight is not all one-sided. Lion is taking a savage beating as the two flagships trade body blows almost independent of the furious carronade going on behind them.
ref: 2018 October 17, Drachinifel, 14:13 from the start, in Last Ride of the High Seas Fleet - Battle of Texel 1918, archived from the original on 04 Aug 2022:
glosses: An exchange of artillery fire; a cannonade; a fusillade.
Graeco-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Forms: form: Greco-
form: Græco-
Etymology: From Latin Graecus, Graeco-; equivalent to Greek + -o-.
Senses: glosses: Greece; Greek
Synonyms: Helleno-
Lusitania
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /luː.sɪˈteɪ.nɪə/
ipa: /lu.sɪˈteɪ.ni.ə/
rhymes: -eɪniə
Etymology: From Latin Lūsītānia.
Senses: glosses: An ancient Roman province, roughly corresponding to modern Portugal.
glosses: Portugal.
examples: text: The anti-German riots which erupted simultaneously in many countries in response to the torpedoing of the Lusitania by a German U-boat in 1915 reflected shifts in the status of minorities in multi-ethnic societies at a time of escalating nationalist emotions.
ref: 2013 November 24, Tilman Dedering, “‘Avenge the Lusitania’: The Anti-German Riots in South Africa in 1915”, in Immigrants & Minorities, volume 31, number 3, →DOI, pages 256–288:
glosses: The RMS Lusitania, a British ship that was sunk in 1915 during World War I.
Derived terms: Lusitanian
valedictorian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvæl.əd.ɪkˈtɔɹ.ɪən/
ipa: /ˌvæl.ə.dɪkˈtoɹ.i.ən/
ipa: /ˌvæl.ə.dɪkˈtoɹ.i.ɪn/
Forms: form: valedictorians
Etymology: Formed 1759, from valedictory (“of a speech made when leaving”) + -an.
Senses: examples: text: Our oldest son was valedictorian of his high school class and went to a top university. But right about this time two years ago, our second son told us he wasn’t interested in college.
ref: 2020 July 2, Arthur C. Brooks, “A College Degree Is No Guarantee of a Good Life”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 19 Apr 2021:
text: At first, it seemed a joyous occasion. There was an audible gasp in the room, then boisterous cheering and applause when the announcement was made: Ikeria Washington and Layla Temple had been named 2021 valedictorian and salutatorian for West Point High School.
ref: 2021 June 11, Stephanie Saul, “Two Black Students Won School Honors. Then Came the Calls for a Recount.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 11 Jun 2021:
coordinate_terms: salutatorian
qualifier: properly
glosses: The individual in a graduating class who delivers the farewell or valedictory address, often the person who graduates with the highest grades.
examples: text: A social media firestorm erupted last week after two Texas high school valedictorians revealed that they were undocumented immigrants heading to well-respected U.S. colleges with financial aid.
ref: 2016 June 17, Octavio Blanco, “Undocumented students and the controversial path to affording college”, in CNN Business:
synonyms: dux
glosses: The individual in a graduating class who graduates with the highest grades.
Related terms: valediction
valedictory
xylophagous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From xylo- + -phagous.
Senses: examples: text: Man has many times suffered from his attempts at extermination, and in no way, perhaps, would he suffer more, than by utterly destroying the mischievous teredo, and its active little ally, the xylophagous linmeria.
ref: 1841, William Chambers, Robert Chambers, editors, Chambers’ Edinburgh Journal, volume 9, page 247:
glosses: Feeding on wood. (of insects etc.)
glosses: Destructive to wood. (of fungi etc.)
Derived terms: saproxylophagous
Related terms: xylophage
xylophagy
xiphoid process
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈzɪˌfɔɪd ˈpɹɑˌsɛs/
Forms: form: xiphoid processes
Senses: examples: text: The adult sternum is comprised of three main parts—the manubrium, sternal body, and xiphoid process. The manubrium (fig. 7.2a) is the thickest, most superior part of the sternum, while the xiphoid process is variable in appearance and forms the inferior terminus of the sternum.
ref: 2005, Brenda J. Baker, Tosha L. Dupras, Matthew W. Tocheri, The Osteology of Infants and Children, Texas A&M University Press, page 96:
text: In chondrosternal prominence where there is angulation at the sternoxiphoidal junction, the xiphoid process is detached and a 2 to 3 cm length of the lower sternum is resected.
ref: 2005, Kenneth L. Franco, Joe Billy Putnam, Advanced Therapy in Thoracic Surgery, 2nd edition, B.C. Decker Inc., page 152:
text: This is a constellation of symptoms, including severe intermittent anterior chest wall pain in the region of the xiphoid process, made worse with overeating, stooping, and bending (Figures 103-2 and 103-3)
ref: 2016, Steven D. Waldman, Atlas of Pain Management Injection Techniques, 4th edition, Elsevier, page 360:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
synonyms: ensiform
ensiform process
metasternum
xiphisternum
glosses: The small cartilaginous extension to the lower part of the sternum, usually ossified in the adult human.
Related terms: alt: and thus see: Category:English terms prefixed with xipho-
word: xipho-
byzantine
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɪˈzæntaɪn/
ipa: /baɪˈzæntaɪn/
ipa: /ˈbɪzəntiːn/
ipa: /ˈbɪzəntaɪn/
rhymes: -iːn
Forms: form: more byzantine
form: most byzantine
Senses: examples: text: The result is a byzantine system of government directed by 160 ministers, a structure that absorbs 50 percent of Bosnia’s gross domestic product of $15 billion, according to the World Bank.
ref: 2008, Dan Bilefsky, “Fears of New Ethnic Conflict in Bosnia”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 09 Nov 2020:
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of Byzantine (figurative senses only).
byzantine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɪˈzæntaɪn/
ipa: /baɪˈzæntaɪn/
ipa: /ˈbɪzəntiːn/
ipa: /ˈbɪzəntaɪn/
rhymes: -iːn
Forms: form: byzantines
Senses: glosses: A byzant (coin).
magnesian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more magnesian
form: most magnesian
Etymology: From magnesium + -ian.
Senses: glosses: Containing magnesia (magnesium oxide)
topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Containing magnesium.
Derived terms: ferromagnesian
magnesian limestone
pipes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /paɪps/
rhymes: -aɪps
Etymology: (vocal capacity): As if one's lungs were composed of pipework.
Senses: glosses: plural of pipe
pipes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /paɪps/
rhymes: -aɪps
Etymology: (vocal capacity): As if one's lungs were composed of pipework.
Senses: glosses: A single pipe organ.
glosses: One's vocal capacity.
glosses: Biceps.
Derived terms: bagpipes
panpipes
pipes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /paɪps/
rhymes: -aɪps
Etymology: (vocal capacity): As if one's lungs were composed of pipework.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of pipe
talents
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtælənts/
Senses: glosses: plural of talent
silvery
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɪlvəɹi/
ipa: /ˈsɪlvɹi/
Forms: form: silverier
form: silveriest
Etymology: From Middle English silvery, sylvyry; equivalent to silver + -y.
Senses: examples: text: OF all th' enamell'd race, whose silvery wing / Waves to the tepid zephyrs of the spring.
ref: 1728, [Alexander Pope], “(please specify the page)”, in The Dunciad. An Heroic Poem. […], Dublin; London: […] A. Dodd, →OCLC:
text: Nothing was to be seen save flat meadows, cows feeding unconcernedly for the most part, and silvery pollard willows motionless in the warm sunlight.
ref: 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 98:
text: Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, slur their speech and behave like someone inebriated.
ref: 2014 April 21, “Subtle effects”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8884:
glosses: Resembling silver in color, shiny white.
glosses: Sprinkled or covered with silver.
examples: text: a silvery laugh
text: The hand grasped the curtain, and drew it aside, and as it did so I heard a voice, I think the softest and yet most silvery voice I ever heard.
ref: 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
glosses: Having the clear, musical tone of silver; soft and clear in sound.
Synonyms: word: silvern
Derived terms: word: silvery acacia
word: silvery-cheeked antshrike
taxonomic: Pteropus melanopogon
word: silvery flying fox
word: silvery gade
taxonomic: Hylobates moloch
word: silvery gibbon
word: silvery gull
word: silvery-haired
taxonomic: Aira caryophyllea
word: silvery hair-grass
word: silvery hair-tail
taxonomic: Grevillea striata
word: silvery honeysuckle
word: silvery marmoset
taxonomic: Grevillea robusta
word: silvery oak
word: silvery pomfret
taxonomic: Gadiculus argenteus
word: silvery pout
word: silvery salmon
word: silvery sedge
word: silvery shrew mole
word: silvery-tongued
word: silvery-white
functions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfʌŋkʃənz/
Senses: glosses: plural of function
functions
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfʌŋkʃənz/
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of function
Proxima Centauri
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mə sɛnˈtɔː.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈpɹɒk.sɪ.mə sɛnˈtaʊə.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mə sɛnˈtɔ.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mə sɛnˈtaʊ.ɹi/
Etymology: From Latin proximus (“nearest, next”) and centaurī (“of the constellation Centaurus”).
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A red dwarf star, part of the Alpha Centauri system and the nearest star to Earth's solar system.
Synonyms: word: Alpha Cen C
word: Alpha Centauri C
word: Prox
word: Proxima
word: Proxima Cen
word: Rigel Kent C
word: Rigel Kentarus C
word: α Cen C
word: α Centauri C
Derived terms: Prox
Proxima
Proxima Cen
Proxima Centauri b
argan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑː(ɹ)ɡən/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ɡən
Forms: form: argans
Etymology: From Tashelhit argan.
Senses: examples: text: When pressed, the argan tree’s fruit produces a luxurious oil which is rich in fatty acids, omega-6 and vitamin E. Argan is said to help treat many skin and hair conditions.
ref: 2016 June 7, Celeste Hicks, “'Free, local and special': argan oil co-ops booming in Morocco”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A tree of species Sideroxylon spinosum (formerly Argania spinosa), of southwestern Morocco, particularly prized for its oil.
glosses: Fruit of this tree.
Derived terms: argan oil
messages
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛsɪd͡ʒɪz/
Senses: glosses: plural of message
messages
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛsɪd͡ʒɪz/
Senses: examples: text: I was going up the town to buy some messages.
ref: 1983, Raymond McClean, The road to Bloody Sunday, page 119:
text: A South African woman, just married to an Irishman and newly arrived in this country, was shocked when her husband told her, "I just saw yer man in the shop when I was getting the messages (groceries)." "My what?" "Yer man. […]"
ref: 1987, Pulpsmith, volume 6, page 275:
text: A woman with a well-to-do south voice told me to wash my soily hands before touching her messages.
ref: 1995, Alan Warner, Morvern Callar, Vintage, published 2015, page 9:
glosses: Shopping, groceries, errands.
messages
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛsɪd͡ʒɪz/
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of message
nigiri
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 握り (nigiri, “grasping, gripping”, short for 握り寿司 nigirizushi, literally “gripped sushi” from the way the sushi rice is molded in the hand).
Senses: glosses: Regular sushi: a piece of raw fish (or other topping) on top of a small oblong brick of sticky white rice.
nori
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Japanese 海苔(のり) (nori), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *nǝri. The kanji literally mean "ocean moss", although this does not represent actual etymology as they are jukujikun (熟字訓).
Senses: glosses: A type of seaweed, a red alga, laver (genus Pyropia, including species P. yezoensis and P. tenera).
glosses: The seaweed, chopped and formed into sheets, used in the preparation of sushi.
nori
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: noris
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of norry.
hijiki
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hiziki
Etymology: From Japanese ひじき (hijiki).
Senses: examples: text: “We're going to start you out, for the first three days, on psyllium seeds and hijiki.”
ref: 1993, TC Boyle, The Road to Wellville, Penguin, published 1994, page 117:
text: A. Hijiki, the branched seaweed frequently used in small amounts in salads and garnishes, and other kinds of seaweed do contain more arsenic than other foods, but no arsenic-related health problems have been traced to hijiki in the United States.
ref: 2007 August 28, C. Claiborne Ray, “Suspect Seaweed”, in New York Times:
glosses: Sargassum fusiforme, a brown seaweed used in Japanese cuisine.
kombu
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒmbuː/
Forms: form: kombus
Senses: glosses: A kind of long horn instrument from Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
wakame
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: wakames
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 若布 (wakame).
Senses: glosses: Undaria pinnatifida, an edible seaweed.
examples: text: Atlantic wakame is actually badderlocks.
glosses: Loosely, any seaweed in the family Alariaceae.
cromulent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɹɒmjʊlənt/
ipa: /-jə-/
ipa: /ˈkɹɑmjʊlənt/
ipa: /-jə-/
Forms: form: more cromulent
form: most cromulent
Etymology: A humorous, intentionally morphologically opaque neologism and nonce word coined by American television writer David X. Cohen for “Lisa the Iconoclast”, a 1996 episode of the animated sitcom The Simpsons. The ending resembles corpulent, temulent and other Latinate adjectives (derived from -ulentus (“full of, abounding in”)).
Senses: examples: text: Mrs. Krabappel: "Embiggens"? I never heard that word before moving to Springfield.
Ms. Hoover: I don't know why; it's a perfectly cromulent word.
[…]
Principal Skinner: He's embiggened that role with his cromulent performance.
ref: 1996 February 18, David X. Cohen, “Lisa the Iconoclast”, in The Simpsons, season 7, episode 16, production code 3F13:
text: Nerdcore could rise up, it could get elevated.
Oh, and wouldn’t all of those tough rappers hate it
if the nerdcore rose up and got elevated.
We consider the possibleness of this not overstated.
And I know that "possibleness" is not a cromulent word;
every syllable injected is intended to be the one you heard
(an absurd juxtaposition of mission and goal).
ref: 2005 August 27, MC Frontalot, “Nerdcore Rising”, in Nerdcore Rising:
text: He had a boundless passion for music and entertained many with his beautiful voice and perfectly cromulent sense of humor.
ref: 2006 April 10, “Obituaries and in memoriams: Benjamin Sidney Linton”, in The Charlotte Observer:
text: Of course, you may encounter a new program that doesn't work reliably with UNC paths, and this is a perfectly cromulent workaround.
ref: 2008, David A. Karp, “Users and Security”, in John Osborn, Laurel R. T. Ruma, editors, Windows Vista Annoyances (Tips, Secrets and Solutions), Sebastopol, California: O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, →OL, page 505:
text: There are certainly other cromulent techniques which may perform well for certain models and assumptions.
ref: 2008, Alan M. Polansky, “Connections and Comparisons”, in Observed Confidence Levels: Theory and Application, Boca Raton, Florida: Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, →ISBN, →OL, section 7.3 (Multiple Comparisons), page 216:
text: How well does this function work? For positive integers, it's perfectly cromulent: […]
ref: 2009, Bryan O'Sullivan, John Goerzen, Don Stewart, “Functional Programming”, in Mike Loukides, editor, Real World Haskell (Code You Can Believe In), Sebastopol, California: O'Reilly Media, →ISBN, →OL, page 86:
antonyms: anomalous
glosses: Acceptable, satisfactory, or valid.
wikipedia: Lisa the Iconoclast
The Simpsons
Derived terms: cromulence
Related terms: embiggen
damnable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdæmnəbl̩/
Forms: form: more damnable
form: most damnable
Etymology: From Middle English dampnable, from Old French dampnable, from Latin damnābilis. By surface analysis, damn + -able.
Senses: glosses: Capable of being damned.
examples: text: That damnable fridge has stopped working again.
text: Great God! They were moving! They were rushing swiftly and noiselessly downwards! Black, black as night, huge, ill-defined, semi-human and altogether evil and damnable.
ref: 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:
glosses: Deserving of damnation; very bad.
Derived terms: damnableness
damnably
Borda count
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Borda counts
Etymology: Named after French mathematician Jean-Charles de Borda (1733–1799), who devised the system in 1781, although it is claimed he was preceded by German cardinal Nicholas of Cusa (1401–1464).
Senses: glosses: A voting system in which voters rank candidates in order of preference and points are awarded to candidates based these rankings, and in which the winning candidate is the one with the most points.
wikipedia: Jean-Charles de Borda
Nicholas of Cusa
hansom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hansoms
form: hanson
Senses: examples: text: I rose accordingly from table, got into a hansom, and drove straight to Jekyll's house.
ref: 1886 January 5, Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC:
text: "Yes, if you have nothing better to do." A minute later we were both in a hansom, driving furiously for the Brixton Road.
ref: 1887, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “A Study in Scarlet”, in Beeton’s Christmas Annual, London; New York, N.Y.: Ward, Lock & Co., part I (Being a reprint from the reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D., […]), chapter III (The Lauriston Gardens Mystery), page 17:
text: “There the cause of death was soon ascertained ; the victim of this daring outrage had been stabbed to death from ear to ear with a long, sharp instrument, in shape like an antique stiletto, which […] was subsequently found under the cushions of the hansom.[…]”
ref: 1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Tremarn Case”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:
text: The shooting motor cars, more like spiders in the moon than terrestrial objects, the thundering drays, the jingling hansoms, and little black broughams, made her think of the world she lived in.
ref: 1915, Virginia Woolf, The Voyage Out, London: Duckworth & Co., […], →OCLC:
text: The ghost of Selby stirred in him. His thoughts slipped back to the day when he had stolen from his well-appointed office to a waiting hansom—there had still been a good many hansoms in those days—and driven quickly to the docks.
ref: 1931, Francis Beeding, “6/4”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps:
glosses: Ellipsis of Hansom cab.
Hansom cab
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Hansom cabs
form: hansom cab
Etymology: Named after British architect Joseph Hansom (1803–1882), its designer.
Senses: examples: text: “There will soon be very few hansom cabs left,” said Mrs. Elliot. “And four-wheeled cabs—I assure you even at Oxford it’s almost impossible to get a four-wheeled cab.”
ref: 1915, Virginia Woolf, The Voyage Out, London: Duckworth & Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: A two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage, once used as a vehicle for hire.
Synonyms: hansom
Related terms: hackney carriage
voting system
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: voting systems
Senses: synonyms: electoral system
glosses: A system used to determine the result of an election based on the preferences expressed by voters.
Related terms: alternative vote
approval voting
Borda count
cumulative voting
first past the post
qualified majority
single transferable vote
vegetal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛd͡ʒɨtl̩/
enpr: vĕjʹĭ-tl
ipa: /ˈvɛd͡ʒɪ̈tl̩/
rhymes: -ɛdʒɪtəl
Forms: form: more vegetal
form: most vegetal
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin vegetālis, from Latin vegetō.
Senses: examples: text: Which although it be denominated from men, and most evident in them, yet it extends and shows itself in vegetal and sensible creatures […].
ref: 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition III, section 2, member 1, subsection i:
glosses: Capable of growth and reproduction, but not feeling or reason (often opposed to sensible and rational).
examples: text: The landscape of vegetal life is weird—no forests, no meadows, no green hills, no foliage, but clublike stems of plants armed with stilettos.
ref: 1895, J[ohn] W[esley] Powell, chapter I, in Canyons of the Colorado, Meadville, PA: Flood & Vincent; republished as The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, New York: Dover, 1961, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22:
text: The Computer Center is muffled and dim, warm with whiffs of sourness, of body odor, and of the vegetal smells of dirt embedded in clothes that were advancing in the direction of compost.
ref: 2018, Susan Orlean, The Library Book, Simon and Schusterl, page 241:
glosses: Pertaining to vegetables or plants.
topics: beverages
food
lifestyle
oenology
wine
glosses: Having a grassy, herbaceous taste.
Derived terms: vegetality
vegetally
vegetal parchment
vegetal pole
vegetaline
vegetal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛd͡ʒɨtl̩/
enpr: vĕjʹĭ-tl
ipa: /ˈvɛd͡ʒɪ̈tl̩/
rhymes: -ɛdʒɪtəl
Forms: form: vegetals
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin vegetālis, from Latin vegetō.
Senses: examples: text: This melancholy extends itself not to men only, but even to vegetals and sensibles.
ref: 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Any vegetable organism.
oleo-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Etymology: From Latin oleum (“oil”).
Senses: glosses: oil or oil-based materials
Related terms: oleic
alternative vote
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: alternative votes
Senses: glosses: A voting system in which each voter lists the candidates in order of preference. At each stage the candidate with the fewest votes is excluded and their votes transferred according to the voters' preferences.
vermillion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vermillions
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of vermilion.
vermillion
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more vermillion
form: most vermillion
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of vermilion.
vermillion
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: vermillions
form: vermillioning
form: vermillioned
form: vermillioned
form: vermillion'd
form: vermillion'd
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of vermilion.
Derived terms: Vermillion County
Vermillion River
diorism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: diorisms
Etymology: From Ancient Greek διορισμός (diorismós), from διορίζω (diorízō, “to delimit, distinguish”).
Senses: glosses: logical distinction; definition
Related terms: dioristic
nipple clamp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nipple clamps
Senses: topics: BDSM
lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: Either of a pair of metal clamps, usually joined by a chain, meant to be worn on the nipples to cause pain.
Hyponyms: clover clamp
endeavouring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdɛvəɹɪŋ/
Forms: form: endeavoring
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of endeavour
endeavouring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɪnˈdɛvəɹɪŋ/
Forms: form: endeavourings
form: endeavoring
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of endeavoring.
boff
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒf/
rhymes: -ɒf
Forms: form: boffs
form: boffing
form: boffed
form: boffed
form: bauf
Senses: examples: text: Deke and LaVerne could go out to Cascade Lake together and plow the back forty all night; he would not be delighted with the knowledge that they were boffing each other's brains out, yet neither would he be surprised.
ref: 1982, Stephen King, The Raft:
glosses: To have sexual intercourse with (someone).
Synonyms: copulate
copulate with
boff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒf/
rhymes: -ɒf
Forms: form: boffs
form: bauf
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
glosses: A big laugh.
examples: text: [Churchy, directing a comedy:] All right, Albert, here's your boff gag... You say, "What's that in the road a-head?"
 [Albert, actually seeing one:] A head! A head in the road!
 [Churchy... eventually seeing it:] Stop clownin'... This sure-fire joke is serious—you got the line all... wrong?
ref: 1959 July 19, Walt Kelly, Pogo, Sunday, comic strip, →ISBN, page 243:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
glosses: A line in a film etc that elicits such a laugh.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
synonyms: boffo
clicko
glosses: A great success; a hit.
Derived terms: boffola
boff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒf/
rhymes: -ɒf
Forms: form: boffs
Etymology: Possibly shortened from boffin.
Senses: glosses: A pupil who works hard; a swot.
boff
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒf/
rhymes: -ɒf
Forms: form: boffs
form: boffing
form: boffed
form: boffed
Etymology: Imitative.
Senses: examples: text: […] something he'd found out the hard way when he was dating Kimberly Haney back in high school and her brother, Chad, big linebacker on the Roosevelt Roughriders football team, had taken exception and boffed him upside the head.
ref: 2014, Waverly Curtis, The Chihuahua Always Sniffs Twice, page 135:
glosses: To hit; to strike.
Derived terms: boffer
boff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɒf/
rhymes: -ɒf
Forms: form: boffs
Etymology: Imitative.
Senses: examples: text: I am paying no attention to them, because they are drinking local ale, and talking loud, and long ago I learn that when a Boston character is engaged in aleing himself up, it is a good idea to let him alone, because the best you can get out of him is maybe a boff on the beezer.
ref: 1937, Damon Runyon, A Piece of Pie:
glosses: A hit or smack.
appose
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈpəʊz/
rhymes: -əʊz
homophone: oppose
Forms: form: apposes
form: apposing
form: apposed
form: apposed
Etymology: Variant form of oppose.
Senses: examples: text: I shal assaye hir my-self · and sothelich appose / What man of þis worlde · þat hire were leueste.
ref: c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “[Passus III]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...] (Cr, B-text), London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC:
text: Then gan Authority her to appose / With peremptorie powre […].
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
glosses: To interrogate; to question.
appose
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈpəʊz/
rhymes: -əʊz
homophone: oppose
Forms: form: apposes
form: apposing
form: apposed
form: apposed
Etymology: Coined based on Latin appōnō, by analogy with compose, suppose etc.
Senses: glosses: To place next or to or near to; to juxtapose.
examples: text: The nymph herself did then appose, / For food and beverage, to him all best meat.
ref: 1614–1615, Homer, “(please specify the book number)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., Homer’s Odysses. […], London: […] Rich[ard] Field [and William Jaggard], for Nathaniell Butter, published 1615, →OCLC; republished in The Odysseys of Homer, […], volume (please specify the book number), London: John Russell Smith, […], 1857, →OCLC:
glosses: To place opposite or before; to put or apply (one thing to another).
Derived terms: apposable
malapposed
Related terms: apposite
apposition
inapposite
subserve
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /səbˈsɜːv/
ipa: /səbˈsɚv/
Forms: form: subserves
form: subserving
form: subserved
form: subserved
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin subservire; by surface analysis, sub- + serve.
Senses: examples: text: Ah, if only he had asked her to subserve him, to be his slave!
ref: 1921, DH Lawrence, Women in Love, Vintage 2008, p. 288
glosses: To be subservient to.
examples: text: Calculating by spherical trigonometry, and assuming the same obliquity, I obtain 3 dundas and 40 pulas for the ascensional arc, giving a difference in time of 3 pulas, or about one of our minutes; an error so small, that even were the Indian astronomer aware of its existence he would disregard it, satisfied that the practical purposes which his labours subserve, are, notwithstanding, carried out with sufficient accuracy.
ref: 1839 October, J.J. Middleton, “Description of an Astronomical Instrument presented by Raja Ram Sing, of Khota, to the Government of India”, in Journal of the Asiatic Society, volume 8, number 94, page 837:
text: Their principles will cease to be dear to them, whenever they shall cease to subserve the purposes of good order.
ref: 1840, Abel Upshur, A Brief Enquiry into the Nature and Character of our Federal Government, Campbell, page 69:
text: '[…] Human laws we respect—ha, ha!—you and I, because they subserve our convenience, and just so long. When they tend to our destruction, 'tis, of course, another thing.'
ref: 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:
glosses: To serve to promote (an end); to be useful to.
examples: text: 'Tis a greater credit to know the ways of captivating Nature, and making her subserve our purposes, than to have learnt all the intrigues of policy.
ref: 1665, Joseph Glanvill, Scepsis Scientifica: Or, Confest Ignorance, the Way to Science; […], London: […] E. C[otes] for Henry Eversden […], →OCLC:
text: The unlearned capacities that underpin language acquisition constitute a uniquely human complex of non-linguistic dispositions and mechanisms that also subserve other cognitive functions.
ref: 2011 September 21, Barbara C. Scholz, Francis Jeffry Pelletier, Geoffrey K. Pullum, Ryan Nefdt, “Philosophy of Linguistics”, in Edward N. Zalta, Uri Nodelman, editors, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University, →ISSN, retrieved 18 Jun 2025:
glosses: To assist in carrying out.
Related terms: subservient
bravos
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Men have before hired bravos to transact their crimes, while their own person and reputation sat under shelter.
ref: 1886 January 5, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Henry Jekyll’s Full Statement Of The Case”, in Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC:
glosses: plural of bravo
bravos
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bravo
refection
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɹɪˈfɛkʃən/
Forms: form: refections
Etymology: From French réfection, from Latin refectiōnem, accusative singular of refectiō (“recovery, refection”), from reficiō (“restore, renew”).
Senses: glosses: Mental or spiritual refreshment.
examples: text: For beſide the common way and road of reception by the root, there may be a refection and imbibition from without; For gentle ſhowrs refreſh plants, though they enter not their roots; [...]
ref: 1658, Thomas Browne, “The Garden of Cyrus. […]. Chapter IIII.”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC, pages 163–164:
text: [S]in and sorrow it were, considering the hardships of this noble and gallant knight, no whit mentioning or weighing those we ourselves have endured, if we were now either to advance or retard the hour of refection beyond the time when the viands are fit to be set before us.
ref: 1820 March, [Walter Scott], chapter III, in The Monastery. A Romance. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Co., and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 95:
glosses: Physical refreshment, especially with food or drink.
examples: text: [T]he cooks were laying a refection before him of sack and anchovies and garlic sausage and gammons of bacon and - this was the important item - a great pudding dish out of which rose the noble dome of a crisp brown pie-crust.
ref: 1936, Norman Lindsay, The Flyaway Highway, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 40:
synonyms: repast
glosses: A meal, especially a light meal.
Derived terms: Refection Sunday
Related terms: refectory