cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
textbook
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/
ipa: /ˈtekst.bʊk/
Forms: form: textbooks
form: text-book
Etymology: From text + book.
Senses: topics: education
glosses: A coursebook, a formal manual of instruction in a specific subject, especially one for use in schools or colleges.
Derived terms: e-textbook
textbook case
textbook example
textbook fear
textbook
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/
ipa: /ˈtekst.bʊk/
Forms: form: more textbook
form: most textbook
Etymology: From text + book.
Senses: examples: text: These figures are just too textbook, or papyrus-like, as if this information came off of a shelf in the Library of Alexandria
ref: 2011, Thomas Karl Dietrich, The Culture of Astronomy: Origin of Number, Geometry, Science, Law, and Religion, page 347:
glosses: Of or pertaining to textbooks or their style, especially in being dry and pedagogical; textbooky, textbooklike.
examples: text: Every night had been clear and star-studded, the progression of the moon through its phases absolutely textbook, its dance with the planets visible in the ecliptic...
ref: 2003, Felice Picano, A house on the ocean, a house on the bay:
text: Involuntarily it is practiced all the time, for instance when Shylock at the beginning of the trial describes himself as a very textbook example of a very bad and very common illness.
ref: 2011, Inge Leimberg, 'What May Words Say ... ?': A Reading of the The Merchant of Venics, page 250:
text: It's absolutely textbook! / The amount of trust Mia had in her future self was infinitesimal. Thus, she couldn't help but feel like there was something off about this name. / It's too textbook!
ref: 2024, Nozomu Mochitsuki, Tearmoon Empire, volume 12, page 10:
text: It seemed too textbook, too talk-showish, but it was true.
ref: 2025, Sheena King, Submerged: On Healing from Abuse While Navigating a Lifetime of Imprisonment, page 66:
glosses: Having the typical characteristics of some class of phenomenon, so that it might be included as an example in a textbook.
examples: text: Well done everyone, the tree fell exactly where we planned. That was textbook.
text: […]Hilts and the commandant spar verbally in a very textbook shot/reverse shot scene, back and forth, “over the shoulder” of one interlocutor and then the other […]
ref: 2021, Dana Polan, Dreams of Flight: "The Great Escape" in American Film and Culture, page 140:
glosses: Done exactly correctly, in an exemplary way that might be described in a textbook.
examples: text: He has a textbook understanding of company law but no practical experience of litigation.
text: So a lot of women will be very textbook if something meets the definition of sexual harassment, whereas a lot of men are more laissez-faire.
ref: 2023, Pamela Aronson, Matthew R. Fleming, Gender Revolution: How Electoral Politics and #MeToo are Reshaping Everyday Life:
glosses: Learned from, or as if learned from, a textbook, as opposed to personal discovery or experience.
Related terms: english: adjectival form
translation: adjectival form
word: casebook
thematic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɪˈmætɪk/
ipa: /θɛˈmætɪk/
Forms: form: more thematic
form: most thematic
Etymology: From Ancient Greek θεματικός (thematikós), from θέμα (théma, “theme”). Equivalent to theme + -atic.
Senses: examples: text: He had a thematic collection of postage stamps with flags on them (where (UK) thematic collection is equivalent to (US) topical collection)
glosses: Relating to or having a theme (“subject”) or a topic.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Relating to a melodic subject.
examples: text: A considerable number of derived nominals, especially thematic nouns, also exhibited o-grade roots.
ref: 2006, Donald Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 12:
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Of a word stem, ending in a vowel that appears in or otherwise influences the noun or verb's inflection.
topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of or relating to a theme (“subdivision of the Byzantine empire”).
Derived terms: thematicize
thematic map
thematic relation
thematic role
thematic vowel
thematize
thematic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɪˈmætɪk/
ipa: /θɛˈmætɪk/
Forms: form: thematics
Etymology: From Ancient Greek θεματικός (thematikós), from θέμα (théma, “theme”). Equivalent to theme + -atic.
Senses: glosses: A postage stamp that is part of a thematic collection.
examples: text: The nine transrelative cases are the thematic, instrumental, absolutive, affective, stimulative, effectuative, ergative, dative, and inducive. Following are explanations of the function and usage of each case. Examples of these cases in use are provided in Sec. 4.2.10 below.
ref: 2023, John Quijada, Grammar of The New Ithkuil:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
synonyms: THM
glosses: A case that indicates the (usually inanimate) party which is a participant to the verbal predicate where that participant does not undergo any tangible change of state.
polygamous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈlɪɡəməs/
Etymology: From poly- + -gamous.
Senses: examples: text: That Mormon community no longer practises polygamous relationships.
text: […] declaring legitimate all children of LDS polygamous marriages […]
ref: 2001, Kathryn Daynes, More Wives Than One, page 177:
antonyms: monogamous
hyponyms: polygynous
polyandrous
glosses: Of, relating to, or practicing polygamy.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Exhibiting polygamy.
Derived terms: polygamously
boku
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of beaucoup (lots, a large amount)
boku
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more boku
form: most boku
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of beaucoup (lots of)
boku
Language: English
Part of speech: det
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of beaucoup (many many many)
mediastinum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌmiːdi.əˈstaɪnəm/
Forms: form: mediastina
Etymology: From New Latin mediastīnum, from Medieval Latin mediastīnus (“middling; middle”), from Latin mediastīnus (“a common servant”).
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The region in mammals between the pleural sacs, containing the heart and all of the thoracic viscera except the lungs.
Derived terms: hemomediastinum
mediastinal
mediastinitis
mediastinoscopy
mediastinotomy
mediastitis
pneumomediastinum
quadrivium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwɒˈdɹɪvɪ.əm/
enpr: kwŏ-drĭv􂀽'ē-əm
ipa: /kwɑˈdɹɪvi.əm/
enpr: kwä-drĭv􂀽'ē-əm
Forms: form: quadriviums
form: quadrivia
Etymology: From Medieval Latin quadrivium (“the four mathematical studies”), from Latin quattuor (“four”) + via (“road”).
Senses: examples: text: As to the nature of his studies, there can be no doubt that he [Dante] went through the trivium (grammar, dialectic, rhetoric) and the quadrivium (arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy) of the then ordinary university course.
ref: 1876, James Russell Lowell, Among My Books, Second series:
text: The riddle of existence is the college curriculum that was laid before the Pharaohs, that was taught in the groves by Plato, that formed the trivium and quadrivium, and is to-day laid before the freedmen’s sons by Atlanta University.
ref: 1903 April 18, W[illiam] E[dward] Burghardt Du Bois, The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., →OCLC:
topics: education
synonyms: quadrium
coordinate_terms: trivium
glosses: The higher division of the seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages, composed of geometry, astronomy, arithmetic, and music.
fictive kin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪktɪv kɪn/
Forms: form: fictive kin
form: fictive kins
Senses: examples: text: Ebaugh (2000) described three types of fictive kin (family-type) relationships, based not on blood or marriage, but rather on religious rituals or close friendship ties, that constitutes a type of social capital which many immigrants bring with them that facilitates their adjustment to the host society. […] Fictive kin are shared widely in Spanish-speaking countries, Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean.
ref: 2005, John G. Bruhn, The Sociology of Community Connections, New York, N.Y.: Springer Science+Business Media, →ISBN, page 59:
text: Most studies indicate that Black family members live in proximity, in part an outcome of segregated communities. These close-knit communities helped to produce strong fictive kin relations with neighbors and fellow church members, which in turn provided support in the face of discrimination from the larger society.
ref: 2006, Roberta L. Coles, “African American Families”, in Race & Family: A Structural Approach, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, →ISBN, page 166:
text: In the socialist era […] [t]he custom of making fictive kin became less popular or went underground. Since the late 1970s, however, the custom has revived in Nanying. While many features of fictive kin relationships remain the same, the motive for establishing the relationship has changed. Most commonly, people attempt to improve household status through the establishment of fictive kin links.
ref: 2007, Xiyi Huang, “Network of Social Relationships in Resource Distribution”, in Power, Entitlement and Social Practice: Resource Distribution in North China Villages, Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, →ISBN, page 143:
text: Attaining fictive kin status requires that a person have prolonged physical proximity to a family member in order to develop a relationship that is both interdependent and mutually beneficial. Persons generally obtain fictive kin status by consistently contributing to the emotional or material needs of an individual over time.
ref: 2011, Constance Dallas, “Fictive Kin Relationships”, in Martha Craft-Rosenberg, Shelley-Rae Pehler, editors, Encyclopedia of Family Health, volume 1, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: SAGE Publications, →ISBN:
topics: anthropology
ethnography
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: Someone who, though unrelated by birth or marriage, has such a close emotional relationship with another that they may be considered part of the family.
Related terms: fictive kinship
whigger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɪɡə(ɹ)
Forms: form: whiggers
Etymology: Blend of white + nigger.
Senses: examples: text: 1999, James Ryan, Race and Ethnicity in Multi-Ethnic Schools, Multilingual Matters, →ISBN, page 144,
Students’ peers exert considerable pressure on them to stay within their groups and to avoid others who are not part of the group. […] individuals who stray from what some of their fellow students believe to be their appropriate peer group may be subject to penalties. Agnes, for example, an Anglo of European background, has been called a ‘whigger’ by White students for associating with students of African heritage.
text: 2003, February 8, I. M. White, "Re: 'Phantom Ryder' -- proven liar, watch it run away...", alt.revisionism and alt.flame.niggers, Usenet,
Your inability to refute the facts that I have posted against the NIGGERS is so noted. ¶ Enough said, whigger-boy.
text: "I remember one time one of them white guys in our high school called her a whigger. A white nigger, can you imagine that, Barbara?"
ref: 2006, Therone Shellman, Love Don't Live Here:
text: Ashley hates the guy that Momo is dealing with; she calls him a Whigger.
"This guy is a wannabe rapper and a real jerk..."
ref: 2006, Assuanta Collins, Until the Next Time:
glosses: Alternative spelling of wigger.
monolithic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɒn.əˈlɪθ.ɪk/
ipa: /ˌmɑ.nəˈlɪθ.ɪk/
rhymes: -ɪθɪk
Forms: form: more monolithic
form: most monolithic
Etymology: From French monolithique; by surface analysis, monolith + -ic.
Senses: glosses: Of or resembling a monolith.
examples: text: A monolithic chunk of titanium with facets for cutting, wrenching, and prying.
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Consisting of a single piece of homogeneous material as opposed to a composite material or an assembly of multiple parts.
examples: text: Mainstream culture is hardly the monolithic block that its caricaturization often implies.
text: Farming today is industrial, and dominated by monolithic corporations who control almost all the food we eat.
ref: 2017, Adam Rutherford, A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived, The Experiment, →ISBN, page 71:
synonyms: homogeneous
glosses: Having a massive, unchanging structure that does not permit individual variation.
examples: text: Monolithic space stations only have a single station module.
glosses: Of a single structure, a singular component; instead of an assembly.
examples: text: Monolithic kernels perform all operating system duties in kernel space.
text: In the monolithic architecture software system is deployed as a single solution, in which functionally distinguishable aspects are all interwoven.
ref: 2020, L. S. Jayashree, G. Selvakumar, Getting Started with Enterprise Internet of Things […] , Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 103:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
antonyms: modular
glosses: Consisting of a single program or codebase.
Derived terms: monolithically
monolithicity
monolithicness
monorepo
nonmonolithic
Related terms: -ic
lith-
-lith
lithic
mono-
monolith
monoliths
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of monolith
Graecism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Graecisms
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Grecism.
claro
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: claros
Senses: glosses: A cigar whose wrapper is very light tan or yellowish.
Coordinate terms: colorado
colorado claro
colorado maduro
double claro
double maduro
maduro
oscuro
Related terms: english: different etymology
translation: different etymology
word: claro-obscuro
harquebus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈhɑɹkɪbʌs/
/ˈhɑɹkwɪbʌs/
Forms: form: harquebuses
form: harquebusses
form: arquebus
form: hackbuss
form: hackbut
form: hagbus
form: hagbut
form: hagebut
form: harquebuse
form: harquebuss
Etymology: From French harquebuse, borrowed from Middle Low German hakebusse or Middle Dutch hakebus, hagebus (modern Dutch haakbus), from hôk (“hook”) + busse (“box; firelock”), from Old Saxon hōk + *buhsa, from Proto-Germanic *hōkaz + *buhsā.
Senses: examples: text: All the while they had their eye and foot so quicke and readie, that as soone as ever they saw the harquebuse raised to the cheeke, so soon were they on the ground, and eftsoone to answer with their bowes, and to the their way, if by chance they perceived that we were about to take them.
ref: 1850, William Gilmore Simms, The Lily and the Totem: or, The Huguenots in Florida, Digitalized edition, Baker and Schribner, published 2009, page 292:
glosses: An obsolete matchlock firearm.
glosses: A portable gun, varying in size from a small cannon to a musket. When used in the field it was supported upon a tripod or trestle.
arquebus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑː.kwɪ.bəs/
ipa: /ˈɑɹ.kwɪ.bəs/
ipa: /ˈɑɹ.kɪ.bəs/
Forms: form: arquebuses
form: arquebusses
Senses: examples: text: No one saw fire in the murk — as it might be, the match-flare for an arquebus.
ref: 2020, Hilary Mantel, The Mirror and the Light, Fourth Estate, page 377:
glosses: Alternative form of harquebus (“an obsolete matchlock firearm”).
Derived terms: arquebusier
arquebus
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑː.kwɪ.bəs/
ipa: /ˈɑɹ.kwɪ.bəs/
ipa: /ˈɑɹ.kɪ.bəs/
Forms: form: arquebuses
form: arquebusing
form: arquebused
form: arquebused
Senses: glosses: To shoot with an arquebus.
handicapped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhændikæpt/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of handicap
handicapped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhændikæpt/
Forms: form: more handicapped
form: most handicapped
Senses: qualifier: sometimes considered offensive
glosses: Having a handicap.
glosses: Limited by an impediment of some kind.
Derived terms: handicapable
handicapped-accessible
handicapped permit
handicapped sign
handicapped space
mentally handicapped
multihandicapped
nonhandicapped
polyhandicapped
unhandicapped
Related terms: disabled
impaired
handicapped
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhændikæpt/
Forms: form: handicappeds
Senses: glosses: A disabled person.
garn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)n
Etymology: From Middle English garne, from Old English ġearn. Compare also Danish and Old Norse garn. Doublet of yarn.
Senses: glosses: yarn (twisted fibers for weaving)
garn
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)n
Etymology: From go on.
Senses: examples: text: mrs pearce. […] But you dont know anything about her. What about her parents? She may be married. / liza. Garn! / higgins. There! As the girl very properly says, Garn! Married indeed! Dont you know that a woman of that class looks a worn out drudge of fifty a year after shes married?
ref: 1912 (date written), [George] Bernard Shaw, “Pygmalion”, in Androcles and the Lion, Overruled, Pygmalion, London: Constable and Company, published 1916, →OCLC, Act II, page 125:
glosses: A response that expresses disbelief or mockery.
garned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: The playing could not have been at fault, since the two principals garned notices every bit as friendly as the play’s.
ref: 1995, Gerald Martin Bordman, American Theatre: A Chronicle of Comedy and Drama, 1914–1930, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 173:
text: No, you are not disqualified -- but if your information is garned from other sources, it is subject to those sources [sic] opinions and their viewpoints ... and hence, cannot be truly your opinion, unless you feel the need to exactly mirror *their* opinions, based on their say-so. [ellipsis in original]
ref: 2004 July 11, “ing”, “Re: Bradbury's pissed”, in misc.writing (Usenet):
text: Waynesburg is now 6-0 and ranked No. 25 in the AFCA Division III poll, though the Yellow Jackets haven’t garned so much as a single vote in the D3football.com poll.
ref: 2007 October 18, Robert Niedzwiecki, “SU’s win twice as nice for Lunsfords”, in The Winchester Star:
text: Loyola Marymount garned one first-place vote.
ref: 2007, "USF women's hoops picked sixth", Examiner.com, Oct 10, 2007
glosses: Misspelling of garnered.
garnered
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of garner
garnering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of garner
garnering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: garnerings
Senses: glosses: action of the verb to garner
fictive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪktɪv/
rhymes: -ɪktɪv
Forms: form: more fictive
form: most fictive
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French fictif.
Senses: examples: text: Thus Django becomes the carrier of the “public use of one's reason”—the Kantian road to enlightenment given to him by the German “Forty-Eighter” dentist–turned-bounty hunter Dr. “King” Schultz, and represents the fictive, allohistorical beginning of the battle against slavery and racism in the United States.
ref: 2014 July 31, Oliver C. Speck, editor, Quentin Tarantino's Django Unchained: The Continuation of Metacinema, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, page 25:
glosses: Having the characteristics of fiction: fictional.
glosses: Resulting from imaginative creation: fanciful or invented.
glosses: Being feigned, ingenuine or unreal.
Derived terms: fictive kin
fictively
fictiveness
fictivity
nonfictive
shoots
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃuːts/
rhymes: -uːts
Senses: glosses: plural of shoot
shoots
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃuːts/
rhymes: -uːts
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of shoot
shoots
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃuːts/
rhymes: -uːts
Senses: examples: text: Johannis and Marcella took a yellow cab downtown and asked the driver to stop in front of First National City Bank.
—“Shoots!”—he answered.
Marcella looked at Johannis with question marks in the eyes.
—Ok! It means ok Marcella.
ref: 2006, Steen Marcussen, 2000 Carats, page 410:
glosses: Alright; ok; of course.
shoots
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃuːts/
rhymes: -uːts
Senses: examples: text: The concierge began talking on the phone in the local pidgin. “Eh, anikala Moki, diz Rodney at work, howzit? I get one winnah for you today. Diz guys like go Miloliʻi … no kidding uncle, four poʻe ipukea kane, come now. Shoots.”
ref: 2010, David Heaukulani, The Reficul Parallax: Godsquad Genesis, page 112:
glosses: Goodbye.
pen-friend
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pen-friends
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of penfriend.
penfriend
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: penfriends
Etymology: From pen + friend.
Senses: examples: text: I would like a penfriend, not for financial support or headgames, but just for a caring conversation.
ref: 1988 May 7, Jeff Hershberger, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 13:
glosses: A person, often in a foreign country, with whom one exchanges friendly correspondence but whom one never or rarely meets.
Synonyms: pen pal
Derived terms: penfriendship
peewit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpiːwɪt/
note: especially, but not always, in the form pewit
ipa: /ˈpjuːɪt/
Forms: form: peewits
form: pewit
Etymology: Onomatopoeic; for the pronunciation /ˈpjuːɪt/ and corresponding form pewit, compare leeward, Seward, steward.
Senses: glosses: Any of several birds:
northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus)
glosses: Any of several birds:
laughing gull (Xema ridibundus)
glosses: Any of several birds:
pewee or peewee
glosses: the sound of the call of the peewit
preventive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɪˈvɛntɪv/
Forms: form: more preventive
form: most preventive
form: preventative
Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin praeventīvus. Equivalent to prevent + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: ...and I sometimes think whether, like the ancient king, it would not be prudent to make an offering to destiny, and throw my set of emeralds into the lake." Emily could not but deprecate the emeralds being destined to any such preventive service;...
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter X, in Romance and Reality. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 146:
glosses: Preventing, hindering, or acting as an obstacle to.
glosses: Carried out to deter military aggression.
examples: text: Physick is either curative or preventive.
ref: 1650, Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica: […], 2nd edition, London: […] A[braham] Miller, for Edw[ard] Dod and Nath[aniel] Ekins, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Slowing the development of an illness; prophylactic.
examples: text: Any previous counsel or preventive understanding.
ref: 1678, Ralph Cudworth, The True Intellectual System of the Universe:
glosses: Going before; preceding.
Derived terms: angiopreventive
chemopreventive
immunopreventive
nonpreventive
pathopreventive
preventive healthcare
preventively
preventive medicine
preventiveness
preventive service
preventive war
preventivist
renopreventive
unpreventive
preventive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɪˈvɛntɪv/
Forms: form: preventives
form: preventative
Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin praeventīvus. Equivalent to prevent + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: Dogs should be warmly but airily housed; heartily, but not heatingly, fed — old Indian meal, mixed with oatmeal, suppawn, is the best general food, with a small quantity of salt, which is a preventive against worms […]
ref: 1856, Henry William Herbert, The Complete Manual for Young Sportsmen:
glosses: A thing that prevents, hinders, or acts as an obstacle to.
examples: text: Eaten with sugar yaourt is very palatable and refreshing in warm weather and is said to be a preventive of fever.
ref: 1885, Cyprus guide and directory, page 82:
glosses: A thing that slows the development of an illness.
glosses: A contraceptive, especially a condom.
Synonyms: prophylactic
prespecified
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more prespecified
form: most prespecified
Etymology: From pre- + specified.
Senses: glosses: specified in advance.
poinciana
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɑːnə
Forms: form: poincianas
Etymology: Modern Latin: after M. de Poinci, a 17th-century governor of the Antilles + -ana.
Senses: examples: text: [I]n disturbed areas, like East Point, exotic trees like poinciana and "coffee bush" invade the edges.
ref: 1987, Hilary Thompson, Common Birds of the Darwin Area, Winnellie: Sandpiper Productions, page vii:
glosses: A tropical tree, of species Delonix regia, with bright red flowers, native to Madagascar and now widely cultivated as an ornamental; the royal poinciana or flamboyant.
glosses: A tropical shrub, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, with bright orange-red flowers, originally native to the Americas and now widely cultivated as an ornamental.
Derived terms: royal poinciana
pediculosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pediculoses
Etymology: From Latin pēdiculus (“louse”) + -osis.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Infestation with head lice.
Related terms: pedicular
pocked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɒkt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pock
pocked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɒkt
Forms: form: more pocked
form: most pocked
Senses: examples: text: Similar to an extended deposition he gave in 2015 to Kentucky state lawyers, Dr. Sackler offered testimony largely pocked with faint or absent recollections, terse statements and deflections to his legal team.
ref: 2021 August 18, Jan Hoffman, “Richard Sackler Says Family and Purdue Bear No Responsibility for Opioid Crisis”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: pockmarked
preside
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɪˈzaɪd/
rhymes: -aɪd
Forms: form: presides
form: presiding
form: presided
form: presided
form: præside
Etymology: From Old French presider, from Latin praesidēre (“preside”), from pre- (“before”) + sedere (“to sit”). Displaced Old English foresittan, which might have been a calque of the Latin.
Senses: glosses: To act as president or chairperson.
examples: text: When all this was sailed through, there still remained the toolroom—a most efficient department presided over by a quiet man who was an expert on astronomy as well as jigs, tools and fixtures.
ref: 1944 September and October, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—I”, in Railway Magazine, page 283:
synonyms: oversit
glosses: To exercise authority or control.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: To be a featured solo performer.
present-day
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Antlers and horns have been the insignia of devils and black magicians from time immemorial, and are worn by present-day witch doctors.
ref: 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 19:
text: As for the present diesel main line units of 2,000 to 2,300 h.p. on the London Midland and Western Regions, they can offer little more than the maintenance of present-day schedules - well below modern European speed standards - [...].
ref: 1960 February, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Trains Illustrated, page 110:
text: The new bridge (6) gives headroom of 13ft at high tide, sufficient for present-day river traffic.
ref: 1963 April, “Chepstow Bridge is rebuilt”, in Modern Railways, page 265, photo caption:
text: Ch'üan Ch'i was the scion of a great family of Feng-yang in Shang-lo [in present-day Shensi province].
ref: 1973 [1962], Mark Elvin, quoting Tanigawa Michio, “Sino-barbarian synthesis in north China”, in The Pattern of the Chinese Past: A Social and Economic Interpretation, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 46:
text: The ancient Kingdom of Ruoqiang controlled the rest of present-day Ruoqiang County, while today’s Qiemo (Qarqan) County was the territory of the ancient State of Qiemo, and the ancient walled city of Washixia in present-day Ruoqiang County was possibly its capital.
ref: 1989, Che Muqi [车慕奇], “Places of Historic Interest, Scenic Beauty, and Revolutionary Relics”, in 丝绸之路今昔 [The Silk Road, Past and Present], Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 62:
english: The Silk Road, Past and Present
translation: The Silk Road, Past and Present
text: The present-day city of Ji’an at the southern tip of Jilin province was the second capital (3-427 CE) of the Gaogouli kingdom during its middle period.
ref: 2004, Xiaoneng Yang, “Early Imperial China (Qin Dynasty through Southern and Northern Dynasties Period)”, in Xiaoneng Yang, editor, New Perspectives on China's Past: Chinese Archaeology in the Twentieth Century, volume 2, Yale University Press; Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 324:
glosses: In existence now; current or contemporary.
Synonyms: modern
present
plural marriage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plural marriages
Senses: glosses: A form of polygamy formerly practiced by Mormons.
Related terms: plyg
punched card
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: punched cards
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A punch card (especially one that has had holes punched in it).
jackshit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɪt
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of jack shit.
goosander
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: goosanders
Etymology: Blend of goose + gander. The oldest known use is by Drayton (1622).
Senses: examples: text: As they above the rest were Lords of Earth and Ayre.
The Gossander with them, my goodly Fennes doe show
His head as Ebon blacke, the rest as white as Snow,
ref: 1622, Michael Drayton, Poly-Olbion, song 25 p. 106:
glosses: A merganser, Mergus merganser, of the northern hemisphere. They eat fish and are common on lakes and rivers.
Synonyms: word: common merganser
word: Mergus merganser
jack shit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jackshit
form: Jack shit
form: Jack and shit
Senses: examples: text: I [won't/will] do jack shit for you if you get lost.
text: Oh, you're in charge? Well, I got some bad news for you Dwayne, from up here it doesn't look like you're in charge of jack shit.
ref: 1988, Jeb Stuart, Steven E. de Souza, Die Hard, spoken by John McClane (Bruce Willis):
synonyms: jack squat
jack all
glosses: Nothing, (lack of) anything (i.e. lack of anything of value).
haut gout
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From French haut goût, from haut (“high”), goût (“taste”).
Senses: examples: text: In a word, Joseph had the same taste for a full-blooded cuffee, that an epicure has for the haut gout of a stale partridge, and was in ecstasies at my extrication.
ref: 1854, Brantz Mayer, Theodore Canot, Captain Canot:
text: The merchants began to snuff the cadaverous haut goût of lucrative war; the freighting business never was so lively, on account of the prodigious taking up for transport service: great orders for provisions of all kinds, new clothing for the troops, puts life into the woollen manufactures.
ref: 1907, Lewis Melville, Farmer George, volume 2, page 143:
glosses: A slight taint of decay, particularly in wild game meat, that used to be considered desirable; approximately, gaminess.
glosses: A strong, desirable flavor to be relished; piquancy.
Related terms: hogo
Grecism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈɡɹiːsɪzəm/
Forms: form: Grecisms
form: Graecism
form: Græcism
Etymology: From Middle French grecisme (modern French grécisme), from Medieval Latin graecismus, from Classical Latin graecus + -ismus. Compare Middle English Gryscysme (“Graecismus by Eberhard of Béthune”). Doublet of graecismus.
Senses: glosses: A word or idiom of the Greek language used in another language, especially for literary effect.
glosses: The style, spirit or other characteristics of Greek arts and culture, or an imitation of that style.
imago
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmeɪɡəʊ/
ipa: /ɪˈmɑːɡəʊ/
ipa: /ɪˈmeɪɡoʊ/
ipa: /ɪˈmɑɡoʊ/
Forms: form: imagines
form: imagos
form: imagoes
Etymology: From Latin imāgō. Doublet of image.
Compare typologically a Russian term for coordinate larva: личи́нка (ličínka) (akin to лик (lik)).
Senses: examples: text: ‘But still,’ he said to himself, drawing the metamorphoses of a red admiral, egg, caterpillar, chrysalis and imago on his pad, ‘what shall I say to him when we meet?’
ref: 1973, Patrick O'Brian, HMS Surprise:
topics: biology
entomology
natural-sciences
glosses: The final developmental stage of an insect after undergoing metamorphosis.
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: An idealised concept of a loved one, formed in childhood and retained unconsciously into adult life, the basis for the psychological formation of personality archetypes.
Derived terms: imago clipeata
imagology
pseudimago
subimago
Related terms: imago Dei
é
Language: English
Part of speech: character
Senses: examples: café, resumé, animé
For details and for less common usage, see the entry for the acute accent, ⟨◌́⟩.
glosses: Found chiefly in words borrowed from other languages. When it occurs as the last letter of the word, it indicates that the e is not silent.
mediate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmidieɪt/
ipa: /ˈmidi.ət/
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in the 1440's in Middle English, the verb in 1538; from Middle English mediat(e) (“intermediate; intercessory”), borrowed from Late Latin mediātus, perfect passive participle of mediō (“to divide in the middle; (in Medieval Latin) to be in the middle, be or become between, mediate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from medius (“middle”) + -ō (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: The Leibnitzio-Wolfians distinguish three acts in the process of representative cognition: — 1° the act of representing a (mediate) object to the mind; 2° the representation, or, to speak more properly, representamen, itself as an (immediate or vicarious) object exhibited to the mind; 3° the act by which the mind is conscious, immediately of the representative object, and, through it, mediately of the remote object represented.
ref: 1861, Sir William Hamilton, The Metaphysics of Sir William Hamilton, page 318:
text: Vygotsky saw the development of language and mental powers as neither learned, in the ordinary way, nor emerging epigenetically, but as being social and mediate in nature, as arising from the interaction of adult and child, and as internalizing the cultural instrument of language for the processes of thought.
ref: 1989, Oliver Sacks, Seeing Voices: A Journey Into the World of the Deaf:
glosses: Acting through a mediating agency, indirect.
examples: text: soon the mediate clouds shall be dispell'd
ref: 1709, Mat[thew] Prior, “Charity”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:
glosses: Intermediate between extremes.
examples: text: mediate positive proof
ref: 1605, Francis Bacon, “(please specify |book=1 or 2)”, in The Twoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], →OCLC:
text: The attempt of members of a society to observe and preserve mediate phases of acts in recurrent situations brings about the perpetuation of a mediate field in their society, in which a complex series of abstracted implements are prepared or premediated in advance of future acts.
ref: 2019, W. Kang, G. H. Mead’s Concept of Rationality, page 86:
glosses: Gained or effected by a medium or condition.
Derived terms: immediate
immediately
mediately
mediateness
perseverance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpɜːsəˈvɪəɹəns/
ipa: /pəˈsɛvəɹəns/
ipa: /ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/
ipa: /pɚˈsɛvəɹəns/
rhymes: -ɪəɹəns
Forms: form: perseverances
form: perseveraunce
Etymology: From Middle English perseveraunce, from Old French perseverance, from Latin persevērantia.
Senses: examples: text: It had taken nine years from the evening that Truman first showed up with a pie plate at her mother's door, but his dogged perseverance eventually won him the hand of his boyhood Sunday school crush.
ref: 2004, Chris Wallace, Character: Profiles in Presidential Courage:
glosses: Continuing in a course of action without regard to discouragement, opposition or previous failure.
Synonyms: word: perseverance
word: persistence
word: sticktoitiveness
word: steadfastness
Derived terms: belief perseverance
final perseverance
Mount Perseverance
nonperseverance
perseverance of the saints
unperseverance
Related terms: word: persevere
word: perseverant
word: perseverate
word: perseveration
word: constancy
word: determination
word: firmness
word: fortitude
word: indefatigability
word: moxie
word: patience
word: permanence
word: resoluteness
word: obstinacy
analogies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of analogy
Darius
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdæɹi.əs/
ipa: /ˈdɑɹi.əs/
ipa: /dəˈɹaɪ.əs/
ipa: /dəˈɹaɪ.əs/
ipa: /ˈdæɹi.əs/
rhymes: -aɪəs
rhymes: -æɹiəs
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin Dārīus, from Ancient Greek Δᾱρεῖος (Dāreîos), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (Dārayauš), shortened form of 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (Dārayavaʰuš), see it for more.
Senses: examples: text: And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about threescore and two years old.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Daniel 5:31:
glosses: Any of several kings in Achaemenid dynasty of Persia, 6th to 4th century BCE.
glosses: A male given name from Old Persian.
glosses: A surname.
Related terms: Daria
folksonomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: folksonomies
Etymology: Blend of folk + (tax)onomy, with the S extracted from the double consonant X.
Senses: glosses: The spontaneous cooperation of a group of people to organize information into categories; the practice and method of collaboratively creating and managing tags to annotate and categorize content.
examples: text: We imagined a microlibrary which would be a well organized digital collection of resources, focused specifically on our project, and employing both traditional library cataloging and organization, and the folksonomy made possible by user-generated tagging.
ref: 2011, Charles Wankel, Educating Educators with Social Media, page 291:
glosses: A user-generated taxonomy.
Related terms: folk taxonomy
happy slapper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: happy slappers
Senses: glosses: A person who practises happy slapping.
Related terms: happy slap
fontanel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fontanels
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of fontanelle.
fontanelle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fontanelles
form: fontanel
Etymology: Borrowed from French fontanelle, from Old French fontenelle, diminutive of fontaine (“fountain, spring”).
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A soft membraneous spot on the head of a baby due to incomplete fusion of the cranial bones.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A structural component of some woodwind instruments, such as recorders and shawms, resembling a barrel with holes bored into it, designed to protect the keywork and to allow the sound to project.
Synonyms: soft spot
Derived terms: fontanellar
transfontanelle
federalisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: federalisations
Etymology: From federal + -isation.
Senses: glosses: Non-Oxford British English standard spelling of federalization.
federalization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: federalizations
form: federalisation
Etymology: From federal + -ization.
Senses: glosses: The unification of states to form a federal union.
examples: text: These were the days before Elon Musk’s tiff with a Delaware judge raised the prospect of the federalization of corporate law.
ref: 2024 December 10, Ronald Mann, “Case Preview: Federal trademark law and doctrines of corporate identity”, in SCOTUSblog:
glosses: The assumption of control or authority by a federal government.
Derived terms: defederalization
refederalization
Related terms: federal
federalize
tropins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tropin
ghetto house
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A style of house music from Chicago, featuring drum machines and sometimes sexually explicit lyrics.
tropin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -əʊpɪn
Forms: form: tropins
Etymology: From tropic + -in.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: any of the tropic hormones; one that is secreted by an endocrine gland and targets another such gland
glosses: Alternative spelling of tropine.
tropine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tropines
Etymology: From tropane + -ine.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A poisonous alkaloid (3-endo)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol obtained by the hydrolysis of atropine
ger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɛə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Forms: form: gers
Etymology: Borrowed from Mongolian гэр (ger)/ᠭᠡᠷ (ger).
Senses: examples: text: The new bek's great-grandfather had passed every night of his life under the sky, on the back of a pony or in the felt walls of a ger, and Buljan retained the ancestral contempt for cities and city dwellers.
ref: 2007, Michael Chabon, Gentlemen of the Road, Sceptre, published 2008, page 133:
text: In weather conditions that hit -20 degrees or lower, people in the poorer areas of the city have no access to running water, no access to bathroom facilities, often living in little “yurts” or “gers” on dirt roads.
ref: 2016 November 11, Zahra Jamshed and Stella Ko, “Beyond the yurt: Mongolian life caught on camera”, in CNN, spoken by Paul Cox:
glosses: A yurt.
ger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɛə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Forms: form: gerim
Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew גֵּר (ger).
Senses: coordinate_terms: giyoret
glosses: A male convert to Judaism; a Jewish proselyte.
blivit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɪv.ɪt/
Forms: form: blivits
Etymology: Unknown.
Senses: glosses: A gadget.
Related terms: blivet
blivit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɪv.ɪt/
Forms: form: blivits
Etymology: Coined by American writer Kurt Vonnegut.
Senses: glosses: Something useless or impossible.
oss
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɒs/
other: /ɒːs/
other: /ɔːs/
Etymology: Unclear. Middle English ōssen had a rather different meaning, "to reveal, to prophesy", but the OED suggests it could nonetheless be the same verb. The origin of the Middle English verb is itself obscure, but it may be a variant of halsen, from Old English hālsian, although this too had a rather different meaning, "to beseech, entreat; to exorcise; to imprecate".
Senses: examples: text: JENNET. [...] Soa yee see Ise ossin towart hausekeepin. SARAH. Whya nowt but weel. Wees nit hev the weddin an kirsenin at yaa time, that's a cumfort. JENNET. Hed Sammy ivver offerd onny thing that's mismannerd to me, awr courtship wod sean hae[…]
ref: 1840, Ann Coward Wheeler, The Westmoreland Dialect in Four Familiar Dialogues: In which an Attempt is Made to Illustrate the Provincial Idiom, page 64:
text: "Dun you know if the glasses is ossing to sattle?"
ref: 1872, Notes and Queries, page 492:
text: Eh, Mary, w'ereta for? / O'm ossin' t' goo t' Eccles
ref: 1876, Richard Morris, On the Survival of Early English Words in Our Present Dialects, page 60:
text: Aw'm ossin t' goo t' Buxton
ref: 1885, Thomas Hallam, Four Dialect Words: Clem, Lake, Nesh, and Oss, Their Modern Dialectal Rang, Meanings, Pronunciation, Etymology, and Early Or Literary Use, page 58:
text: I told you to do so and so, but you dunna oss to do it.
ref: 1903, Bye-gones: Relating to Wales and the Border Counties, page 136:
text: ... but he didn't oss for t' goo any ner.
ref: 2024 August 1, Deborah Mutch, British Socialist Fiction, 1884-1914, Volume 3, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN:
glosses: To set about, or intend be inclined to set about (doing something).
examples: text: an' nobody ossin' to do it
ref: 1870, Axon, Black Kt., page 56, quoted in the EDD
text: They owe fer cannels, an' meyle, an' nivver oss to pay.
ref: 1875, Bickerdike, Beacon Alm., page 41, quoted in the EDD
text: "... he ne'er osses pay me, an aw hearn foaks sen he isna gettingk on gradely reet, so aw'st just caw an ax for th' brass afore he goes to th' wa', an then aw'st caw an get thee a yew pair o' pattens as aw coom hwom!"
ref: 1886, Robert Holland, A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Chester, page 459:
text: Tom Stokes 'e ossed to goo an' ketch 'er, an' wen 'er runned by 'im 'e thraowed a stone vicious, an' 'it 'er ov the heye, an' 'er worn't good fur nothin' ahterwards, an' I sowld 'er fur wot 'er 'ud fetch[…]
ref: 1897, Hamilton Kingsford, Vigornian Monologues: A Series of Papers in Illustration of the Dialect of Worcestershire, page 11:
glosses: To offer (to do something).
oss
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɒs/
other: /ɒːs/
other: /ɔːs/
Forms: form: osses
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of 'oss.
give away
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gives away
form: giving away
form: gave away
form: given away
Senses: examples: text: I didn't like that book, so I gave it away.
glosses: To make a gift of (something).
examples: text: This was dramatically illustrated by the market for commercial real estate in New York during 1993, which was said to be "so bad that they're giving it away".
ref: 2019, David A. Ness, The Impact of Overbuilding on People and the Planet, page 36:
glosses: To sell very cheaply.
examples: text: This issue marks a first of its kind for St. Louis Magazine: We've given away our cover feature.[…] In early summer, our editors[…] posed a collective question: What if we asked some[…] citizens what the future should look like? We'll give each of them[…] 200 words of space in the magazine[…].
ref: 2010 September, Stephen Schenkenberg, "Many Big Ideas, One Big Transition", St. Louis magazine, ISSN 1090-5723, volume 16, issue 9, page 16
coordinate_terms: give up#Verb
glosses: To relinquish control over.
examples: text: Who giveth away this woman to this man in Holy matrimony?
glosses: To formally hand over a bride to the bridegroom; often by her father.
examples: text: He gave himself away with a stupid lie.
text: He gave away his hiding place when he accidentally sneezed.
text: Hear footsteps creak the floor / The shadows give away / Someone outside the door / Won't let 'em in
ref: 2009, “A Looking In View”, in Jerry Cantrell (lyrics), Black Gives Way To Blue, performed by Alice in Chains, Track 5:
coordinate_terms: give up#Verb
glosses: To unintentionally reveal a secret or divulge undisclosed information; to betray or expose someone.
examples: text: Despite giving away twenty pounds in weight, the challenger found a knock-out blow in the second round.
glosses: To concede an advantage in weight, time, height etc.
examples: text: England gave away six penalties in the first 15 minutes and were lucky to still have 15 men on the pitch, but Kvirikashvili missed two very makeable penalties in quick succession as Georgia were unable to take advantage of significant territorial advantage.
ref: 2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41-10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
coordinate_terms: give up#Verb
glosses: To concede.
Derived terms: word: give-away
word: giveaway
word: give away the store
Related terms: give way
tropic hormone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tropic hormones
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A hormone that regulates the activity of the endocrine glands