cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
bloodhoundish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bloodhoundish
form: most bloodhoundish
Etymology: From bloodhound + -ish.
Senses: examples: text: "[…] a large portion of the pleasure this sport afforded him was derived from his unerring and bloodhoundish sense that this, of all topics, was the one which made me most truly uncomfortable."
ref: 2010, Donna Tart, The Secret History:
glosses: Like, pertaining to, or characteristic of a bloodhound or a detective; able and eager to follow the scent.
anti-novels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of anti-novel
Cinderfella
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Cinderfellas
Etymology: Blend of Cinderella + fella.
Senses: examples: text: Keaton's new wife takes him home to her father and brothers, who all mistreat him terribly. His would be the lot of an overworked "Cinderfella" had the father not found the misappropriated letter, opened it, read of an inheritance, and assumed his son-in-law to be the beneficiary.
ref: 2007, Lisa Trahair, The Comedy of Philosophy: Sense and Nonsense in Early Cinematic Slapstick, State University of New York Press, Albany, →ISBN, page 59:
text: All my life I was an underdog who was now finally living out my Cinderfella story.
ref: 2011, Karsheem White-Holman, It Is What It Is: Daze in Da Life of Mr. Can't Get It Right, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 203:
text: Of course I felt dreadful about using him, but still I somehow explained to Marty as we stood on the noisy sidewalk that I needed him to pose as my date for the night, and then like Cinderfella he would leave at midnight and go home like nothing had ever happened, although I suspected he had other plans.
ref: 2014, S. N. Weddle, It Starts With a Kiss, Mereo Books, Mereo Books, →ISBN, page 92:
glosses: A man or boy who shares qualities with the character Cinderella.
Cinderfellas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Cinderfella
gadulka
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gadulkas
form: gudulka
form: g'dulka
Etymology: Borrowed from Bulgarian гъдулка (gǎdulka).
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A traditional Bulgarian stringed instrument, played with a bow, and most commonly featuring three main strings and up to sixteen sympathetic strings.
gadulkas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gadulka
gudulka
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gudulkas
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of gadulka.
gudulkas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gudulka
gayageum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gayageum
form: gayageums
form: kayagum
form: kayagŭm
Etymology: Borrowed from the Revised Romanization of Korean 가야금(伽倻琴) (gayageum).
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A zither-like chordophone, most often with twelve strings, originating in the traditional music of Korea.
wikipedia: Revised Romanization
gayageums
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gayageum
kayagum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kayagums
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Alternative spelling of gayageum.
kayagums
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of kayagum
one-drop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of one drop.
wide spot in the road
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: wide spots in the road
Senses: synonyms: wide place in the road
glosses: A very small and insignificant town or village.
wide spots in the road
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of wide spot in the road
fandumb
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fandumbs
Etymology: From fan + dumb, as a homophonous pun on fandom.
Senses: examples: text: That p.o.s. is being released because it has boob-jiggles, and the Brains at ADV assume that North American fandumb still consists solely of teens looking for animated boob-jiggles.
ref: 2003 May 11, Anthony D. Baranyi, “Re: [REVIEW] Nuku Nuku TV Episode 1”, in rec.arts.anime.misc (Usenet):
text: We've already got several in the running for this month's awards and are hoping they bring yet more (dis)honor and (in)glory to Michael Jackson fandumb.
ref: 2004 November 20, Hell Toupee [username], “Re: Aaron Carter Explains Michael Jackson Sleepover”, in alt.music.michael-jackson (Usenet):
text: I don't know what it is about fandumb that gives rise to such rabid, irrational "shipper-ism," but I'm assuming that chunks of this episode were written to cater to the segment of the fanbase clamoring for Buffy and Spike to get together.
ref: 2006 April 28, Arbitrar of Quality [username], “AOQ Review 4-9: "Something Blue"”, in alt.tv.buffy-v-slayer (Usenet):
topics: lifestyle
glosses: Fandom, especially one considered stupid or irrational.
rereturn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rereturns
form: re-return
Etymology: From re- + return.
Senses: glosses: Another return.
rereturn
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: rereturns
form: rereturning
form: rereturned
form: rereturned
form: re-return
Etymology: From re- + return.
Senses: glosses: To return (to something) again.
on the wind
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: As close as possible to the direction that the wind is blowing.
Zanzam
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Zamzam.
genderphobia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From gender + -phobia.
Senses: examples: text: Genderphobia is a more surreptitious form of discrimination than transphobia because it quietly adheres to hegemonic notions of gender behaviour.
ref: 2005 January, Vincent Stephens, “Pop goes the rapper: a close reading of Eminem's genderphobia”, in Popular Music, volume 24, number 1, page 23:
text: She characterized women's reactions to a masculine person in a public rest room as “an example of genderphobia” (1996, 117), viewing such women as policing gender boundaries rather than believing that there really is a man in the women's rest room.
ref: 2008, Joan Z. Spade, Catherine G. Valentine, The Kaleidoscope of Gender: Prisms, Patterns, and Possibilities, Pine Forge Press, →ISBN, page 29:
text: Genderphobia was no hindrance to her [Margaret Thatcher's] ambitions; her husband took a back seat.
ref: 2015, Virginia Nicholson, Perfect Wives in Ideal Homes: The Story of Women in the 1950s, Penguin Books, →ISBN:
text: Genderphobia works to reinforce gendered hierarchies and the heteropatriarchal state, disenfranchising not only women, but also sexual and gender minorities. Genderphobia is also very much used to enforce xenophobic and nationalist policies […]
ref: 2023 March 29, Jose Antonio Langarita, Ana Cristina Santos, Marisela Montenegro, Mojca Urek, Child-Friendly Perspectives on Gender and Sexual Diversity: Beyond Adultcentrism, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN:
glosses: Fear, dislike, or hatred of gender-nonconforming individuals or behaviour.
nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Forms: form: nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public
Etymology: Widely attributed to American author and social critic H. L. Mencken (1880–1956) but not found verbatim in his published works, so the source and original form of this expression are not known with certainty. Likely a nearly verbatim paraphrase of: "No one in this world, so far as I know ... has ever lost money by underestimating the intelligence of the great masses of the plain people."
One possible origin is the 1970 Nora Ephron essay originally titled, '"If You're a Little Mouseburger, Come With Me. I was a Mouseburger And I Will Help You."' In the essay, Ephron refers to "the old Mencken dictum that no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public." The piece was reprinted in Ephron's 1970 collection Wallflower at the Orgy.
Senses: examples: text: Ed Wood was a backwards genius, he set out to make horror movies and he didn’t know how to do it. . . . Mencken said, “Nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people.” Well, Ed Wood did go broke by underestimating their intelligence.
ref: 1988 April 23, “1988 OBIE Interview: Robert Anton Wilson”, in RAWilsonFans.org, retrieved 13 Sep 2015:
text: H. L. Mencken may have noted that no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people, but not even he could have anticipated this. Like Bill and Ted, their principal rivals among screen duos who play dumb, Wayne and Garth do their best to elevate stupidity to an art form.
ref: 1992 Feb. 14, Janet Maslin, "Film: A Dim Duo In a Revel Of Stupidity" (review of Wayne's World), New York Times (retrieved 13 Sep 2015)
text: It's noteworthy, by the way, that a pleasure dome like Palm Beach should also be the home of a drama troupe that not only specializes in shows like "Copenhagen" and "The Chairs" but performs them with flair. We have it on the best of authority that nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people, but Palm Beach Dramaworks seems to be doing quite well for itself by operating on the opposite assumption.
ref: 2010 January 8, Terry Teachout, “Theater: Science Takes the Stag”, in Wall Street Journal, retrieved 13 Sep 2015:
text: Most advertising seems to be aimed at an extremely unintelligent audience, and yet seems effective in persuading most of us. But the software industry may, I suspect, provide a few exceptions to the old saying that “nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people.”
ref: 2014, Nathaniel S. Borenstein, Programming as If People Mattered, →ISBN, page 70:
glosses: Americans, as a group, are not especially intelligent and can be readily entertained or fooled to produce a financial benefit for someone.
wikipedia: H. L. Mencken
Nora Ephron
Ralph Keyes (author)
Related terms: nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people
there's a sucker born every minute
nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people.
no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people.
nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Forms: form: nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public
form: no one ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people
Etymology: Widely attributed to American author and social critic H. L. Mencken (1880–1956) but not found in his published works, so the source and original form of this expression are not known with certainty.
Senses: examples: text: “I remembered that nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public, so I set out to write the worst novel it was humanly possible to write and still get published,” he said.
ref: 1982 June 13, Edwin McDowell, “About Books and Authors”, in New York Times, retrieved 13 Sep 2015:
glosses: Americans, as a group, do not have good taste or sophistication and can be easily amused or distracted to produce financial benefit for someone.
wikipedia: H. L. Mencken
Ralph Keyes (author)
Related terms: nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people
nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people.
no one ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people.
no one ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American public
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people.
Calamus
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A small town in Clinton County, Iowa, United States, named after a creek.
glosses: A town in Dodge County, Wisconsin, United States.
misfuelling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of misfuel
alienatingly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From alienating + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Naomi Wolf ’s The Beauty Myth was the first feminist treatise on women’s looks I didn’t find alienatingly hirsute.
ref: 2015 September 13, Kathryn Flett, “Uncomfortably numb: 'I've had my first Botox injection and I want more'”, in The Observer:
glosses: In a manner that tends to alienate
familied
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From family + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: Some people console themselves with the thought that, basically, worse things happen at sea: in middle-class Britain today, particularly familied fortysomethings, it’s Chicken-Licken time.
ref: 2015 September 13, Euan Ferguson, “The week in TV: Doctor Foster; Beck; Ballers; Hunted; The Queen’s Longest Reign: Elizabeth and Victoria”, in The Observer:
antonyms: unfamilied
glosses: That has, or is part of, a family.
camarasaurus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: camarasauruses
Etymology: From the genus name.
Senses: examples: text: While it looks like a friendly little camarasaurus on the outside, Pleo has plenty of power on the inside.
ref: 2007 September 13, J. D. Biersdorfer, “Dinosaurs Return, in a 2.0 Version (but Were They Ever Really Gone?)”, in New York Times:
glosses: Any dinosaur of the genus Camarasaurus.
biocompass
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: biocompasses
Etymology: From bio- + compass.
Senses: glosses: A biological compass
biocompasses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Guided by the Earth’s magnetic field, starlight and other biocompasses that scientists have yet to fully divine, the birds wheel over land and sea, alighting opportunistically en route to rest, preen and refuel.
ref: 2007 September 18, Natalie Angier, “Songs and Sojourns of the Season”, in New York Times:
glosses: plural of biocompass
autoecological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: In addition, we show that the habitat networks of a limited set of species can be combined into a single network which accounts for their autoecological requirements.
ref: 2015 August 11, “Wetland Suitability and Connectivity for Trans-Saharan Migratory Waterbirds”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of autecological.
chitosanases
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Chitosan (CS, (C 6 H 11 O 4 N) n ) is an N-deacetylation product of chitin and a unique polysaccharide biopolymer that can be degraded in vivo by chitosanases and glucosaminidase to ultimately form glucose[8 ].
ref: 2015 August 11, “Ectopic Osteogenesis and Scaffold Biodegradation of Nano-Hydroxyapatite-Chitosan in a Rat Model”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of chitosanase
hemosome
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hemosomes
Etymology: From hemo- + -some.
Senses: examples: text: Rhodamine 123, a fluorescent probe that is also a recognized ABC substrate, was similarly directed to the hemosome in a CsA-sensitive manner.
ref: 2015 August 11, “ATP Binding Cassette Transporter Mediates Both Heme and Pesticide Detoxification in Tick Midgut Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A liposome found in blood
hyperaerated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hyper- + aerated.
Senses: examples: text: The chest is slightly hyperaerated so that the cardiomegaly present appears to be real.
ref: 1982, Michael J. Kelley, Cardiac Imaging in Infants and Children, page 51:
text: The following HU-ranges were used to obtain the masses of differently aerated lung compartments, which were calculated as percentage of M total : nonaerated (atelectasis, -100 to +100 HU), poorly aerated (-101 to -500 HU); normally aerated (-501 to -900 HU) and hyperaerated (-901 to -1,000 HU).
ref: 2015 August 11, “Correlation of Lung Collapse and Gas Exchange - A Computer Tomographic Study in Sheep and Pigs with Atelectasis in Otherwise Normal Lungs”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Excessively aerated.
paravermis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From para- + vermis.
Senses: examples: text: Ventral OMV is active in all subjects besides S05 during this task while activity is also present in dorsal OMV for all subjects besides S03 and S04; slices are through Cb vermis and paravermis only.
ref: 2015 August 11, “Single Session Imaging of Cerebellum at 7 Tesla: Obtaining Structure and Function of Multiple Motor Subsystems in Individual Subjects”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A form of the vermis found in the intermediate zone of the cerebellum
preoxygenation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: preoxygenations
Etymology: From pre- + oxygenation.
Senses: examples: text: Furthermore, rapid development of atelectasis as described during preoxygenation and induction of anaesthesia will be significantly reduced by application of PEEP, which is part of many contemporary concepts for anaesthesia ventilation [1 ,2 ,51 ].
ref: 2015 August 11, “Correlation of Lung Collapse and Gas Exchange - A Computer Tomographic Study in Sheep and Pigs with Atelectasis in Otherwise Normal Lungs”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: oxygenation prior to some other process
secundigravida
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: secundigravidas
form: secundigravidae
Senses: glosses: A woman who is pregnant for the second time
secundigravidae
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Primi- or secundigravidae who attended a study ANC between 31 st May 2010 and 31 st October 2011 were eligible to join the trial if they were between 16 and 30 weeks of gestation (assessed by measurement of the symphysis-fundal height), permanent residents of the study area and attending the ANC clinic for the first time.
ref: 2015 August 11, “A Non-Inferiority, Individually Randomized Trial of Intermittent Screening and Treatment versus Intermittent Preventive Treatment in the Control of Malaria in Pregnancy”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of secundigravida
underproliferation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From under- + proliferation.
Senses: examples: text: Knockdown of Oyvlg by RNAi resulted in germ cell underproliferation and prematurely arrested meiosis, indicating a key role of vasa in bivalve germ cell development [38 ,39 ].
ref: 2015 August 11, “Transcriptomics Analysis of Crassostrea hongkongensis for the Discovery of Reproduction-Related Genes”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Insufficient proliferation
bithreshold
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bithresholds
Etymology: From bi- + threshold.
Senses: examples: text: The threshold, bithreshold, and nor functions of Eqs (1 ), (2 ), and (3 ) are three such types.
ref: 2015 August 12, “GDSCalc: A Web-Based Application for Evaluating Discrete Graph Dynamical Systems”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The intersection of two thresholds
caulohymenium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Lateral stipe stratum under the caulohymenium present and well differentiated from the stipe trama, of the “boletoid type”, at the stipe apex a 40–100 (160) μm thick layer consisting of divergent, inclined and running towards the external surface, loosely intermingled and sparingly branched hyphae remaining separate from each other and faintly to distinctly embedded in a gelatinous substance; the stratum reducing during development and finally disappearing at maturity.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Circumscription and Taxonomic Arrangement of Nigroboletus roseonigrescens Gen. Et Sp. Nov., a New Member of Boletaceae from Tropical South–Eastern China”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A fruiting layer in some fungi
cytopathogenesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From cyto- + pathogenesis.
Senses: examples: text: Another problem associated with this nomenclature is that it did not take into account differences in virulence of identical isolates; a non-pathogenic isolate having an identical genetic sequence as a virulent one but differing only with two amino acids [16 ] would accordingly be excluded from list of IPNV. The purpose of the present study was to compare the mechanisms of cytopathogenesis between genetically and serologically identical and more distant isolates of aquabirnaviruses.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Infection Profiles of Selected Aquabirnavirus Isolates in CHSE Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: pathogenesis within cells
elastinogenesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From elastin + -o- + -genesis.
Senses: examples: text: It has long been documented that LTBP-2 is associated with elastic fibers in developing elastic tissues [8 ] and there is evidence that LTBP-2 may play a negative regulatory role in elastinogenesis, inhibiting tropoelastin interactions with fibulin-5 and heparan sulphate proteoglycans [16 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, “LTBP-2 Has a Single High-Affinity Binding Site for FGF-2 and Blocks FGF-2-Induced Cell Proliferation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The biogenesis of elastin
hypothermal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hypo- + thermal.
Senses: examples: text: If the ore body shows only one stage of economically important mineralization yet contains minerals which are typical of, for example, both hypothermal and mesothermal conditions, it is classified under both headings.
ref: 1958, Selected Bibliographies of Hydrothermal and Magmatic Mineral Deposits, →ISBN:
text: Although FW- and SW-acclimated milkfish have different levels of tolerance for hypothermal stress, to date, the molecular physiological basis of this difference has not been elucidated.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Transcriptomic Analysis of Metabolic Pathways in Milkfish That Respond to Salinity and Temperature Changes”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Involving extremely low temperatures.
examples: text: In view of the important work of R. E. Gibson on the elevation of the inversion temperature of quartz with increased pressure, and the discovery by V.B. Meen of high-quartz in certain of the Canadian hypothermal veins, are we still to accept Lindgren's estimate of the temperature ranges of deposition of the various classes of deposits commonly called hydrothermal without making necessary adjustments dependent upon the depth at which mineralization took place?
ref: 2012, Boyle, Gold: History and Genesis of Deposits, →ISBN, page 223:
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Formed or deposited under hypothermal conditions.
immunodecorated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From immuno- + decorated.
Senses: examples: text: Counting was performed in a sample-blinded fashion and expressed as % of 200 counted cells ( D ) and mean of the number of immunodecorated structures per cell ( E ).
ref: 2015 August 12, “Chronic Insulin Exposure Induces ER Stress and Lipid Body Accumulation in Mast Cells at the Expense of Their Secretory Degranulation Response”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Having immunodecoration
indopacific
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Species living in the Mediterranean, Atlantic, and Northern Sea had similar encephalisation indices compared to the indopacific coral reef dwelling species.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Relative Brain and Brain Part Sizes Provide Only Limited Evidence that Machiavellian Behaviour in Cleaner Wrasse Is Cognitively Demanding”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of Indo-Pacific.
Indo-Pacific
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Indo- + Pacific.
Senses: examples: text: There is also, after independence, the problem of military protection. History shows that no Indo-Pacific island has hitherto been able to survive without foreign intervention.
ref: 1933 May, George Gerhard, “Philippine Independence”, in North American Review, volume CCXXXV, number 5, New York, →OCLC, page 449:
text: President Biden affirmed his priorities of protecting the American people’s security, prosperity, health, and way of life, and preserving a free and open Indo-Pacific.
ref: 2021 February 10, “Readout of President Joseph R. Biden, Jr. Call with President Xi Jinping of China”, in White House, archived from the original on 11 Feb 2021:
text: Meanwhile, Japan must bolster its own defenses and substantially increase defense spending to meet new threats. Tokyo should swallow some of its suspicions and move more quickly to rebuild frayed ties with South Korea. It should make cooperation with the United States a cornerstone of its engagement throughout the Indo-Pacific and with NATO. It is a full agenda and there is no time to lose.
ref: 2022 July 1, The Japan Times Editorial Board, “Groundbreaking NATO summit means work for Japan”, in The Japan Times, archived from the original on 01 Jul 2022, Editorials:
coordinate_terms: Asia-Pacific
APAC
Pacific Rim
glosses: Of or pertaining to the tropical parts of the Indian Ocean and of the western Pacific Ocean.
Derived terms: Indo-Pacific crocodile
Indo-Pacific tarpon
microaspirated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From micro- + aspirated.
Senses: examples: text: Whole cell and microaspirated lipid body lipidomic analysis was performed in collaboration with Metabolon Inc. Heatmaps were generated using the RColorBrewer and gplots packages in R [32, 34 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, “Chronic Insulin Exposure Induces ER Stress and Lipid Body Accumulation in Mast Cells at the Expense of Their Secretory Degranulation Response”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: generated by microaspiration
monospermic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mono- + spermic.
Senses: examples: text: It is unlikely to get monospermic embryos in blastocyst stage.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Scriptaid Treatment Decreases DNA Methyltransferase 1 Expression by Induction of MicroRNA-152 Expression in Porcine Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Involving a single sperm cell.
glosses: Of or pertaining to monospermy.
neurolept
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neurolepts
Senses: examples: text: Isoflurane induced an EEG with burst suppression without any SWDs, the combination of the neurolept analgesic anaesthesia mixture allowed the occurrence of SWD after isoflurane was washed-out.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Unilateral and Bilateral Cortical Resection: Effects on Spike-Wave Discharges in a Genetic Absence Epilepsy Model”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A neuroleptic drug
perlucin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: perlucins
Senses: examples: text: A 48kDa protein was extracted from the pearl of H.cumingii, providing evidence of vaterite formation and the matrix protein perlucin is reported to be involved in H.cumingii nacre formation.
ref: 2015 August 12, “A Novel Matrix Protein Hic31 from the Prismatic Layer of Hyriopsis Cumingii Displays a Collagen-Like Structure”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A matrix protein, found in nacre, that nucleates growth of calcium carbonate crystals
polycytosine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: polycytosines
Etymology: From poly- + cytosine.
Senses: examples: text: Length heteroplasmy occured^([sic]) frequently within the polycytosine stretches of HVS-I (anywhere between positions 16188 and 16195) and HVS-II (around position 310) due to replication slippage when a specific minimum number of cytosine residues are present [8, 14 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, “Validation of Next-Generation Sequencing of Entire Mitochondrial Genomes and the Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A nucleotide containing cytosine as the only base
precomplexing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pre- + complexing.
Senses: examples: text: DNA and Lipofectin were incubated with medium for precomplexing in 2.5% of the final volume.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Genomic Analysis and Isolation of RNA Polymerase II Dependent Promoters from Spodoptera frugiperda”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: complexing prior to another process
pseudomonopolar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pseudo- + monopolar.
Senses: examples: text: According to Whitlon et al. 2007 they were classified into following groups: monopolar, bipolar, multipolar, pseudomonopolar and no neurites [50 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, “Neuronal Survival, Morphology and Outgrowth of Spiral Ganglion Neurons Using a Defined Growth Factor Combination”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Apparently monopolar
sanglifehrins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Similarly, HCV was found to absolutely require CypA to replicate both in vitro and in vivo and that CsA, CsA derivates, sanglifehrins and sanglifehrin derivates block its replication [26 –44 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, “The Novel Cyclophilin Inhibitor CPI-431-32 Concurrently Blocks HCV and HIV-1 Infections via a Similar Mechanism of Action”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of sanglifehrin
sonolucent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more sonolucent
form: most sonolucent
Etymology: From sono- + -lucent.
Senses: examples: text: Placenta accreta is diagnosed using gray scale ultrasound and the suggestive signs of placenta accreta were presence of placental vascular lacunae, loss of a sonolucent area, interruption of bladder-uterine serosa and visualization of a focal protruding mass between the placenta and bladder.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Efficacy of Intrauterine Bakri Balloon Tamponade in Cesarean Section for Placenta Previa Patients”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: transparent to ultrasound
succenturiate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin succentūriō (“to add soldiers to fill up a century; to substitute”).
Senses: examples: text: No additional gross placental abnormalities, such as succenturiate lobe, vasa previa, or eccentric cord insertion, were identified in these cases.
ref: 2015 August 12, “Efficacy of Intrauterine Bakri Balloon Tamponade in Cesarean Section for Placenta Previa Patients”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Describing a small lobe that is sometimes attached to a placenta
ultrametricize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: ultrametricizes
form: ultrametricizing
form: ultrametricized
form: ultrametricized
Etymology: From ultrametric + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: As no branch length information was available, we determined the most appropriate transformation to ultrametricize the tree correlating the absolute values of the standardized contrasts of ln brain size vs. the square root of the sum of the corrected branch lengths in PDAP/PDTree [67 ] in Mesquite 2.75 [68 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, “Relative Brain and Brain Part Sizes Provide Only Limited Evidence that Machiavellian Behaviour in Cleaner Wrasse Is Cognitively Demanding”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: To make ultrametric
Related terms: ultrametricization
lifesomely
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more lifesomely
form: most lifesomely
Etymology: From lifesome + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The wind blew lifesomely from the west, the air was inimitably gay and fresh;[…]
ref: 1858, University Magazine: A Literary and Philosophic Review, volume 52, page 418:
glosses: In a lively way.
alienation of affections
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The wrong in alienation of affections is foreseen damage to the relationship between husband and wife, which requires the marriage not to have been in ruins before the outsider interfered.
ref: 2002, Eric Rasmusen, “5: An economic approach to adultery law”, in Antony W. Dnes, Bob Rowthorn, editors, The Law and Economics of Marriage and Divorce, page 83:
text: She brought suit against Margie under a seldom-used theory, the alienation of affections cause of action.
In an alienation of affections claim, a plaintiff can recover from a third party who has deprived her of the affection of her spouse.
ref: 2004, Robert F. Cochran, Robert M. Ackerman, Law and Community: The Case of Torts, page 79:
text: To make a successful claim for a^([sic]) alienation of affections, traditionally, a plaintiff would have to prove three elements: (1) that true affection had existed between the spouses at one time; (2) that the affection was destroyed; and (3) that the defendant caused the destruction of affection or otherwise impaired the marital relationship.
ref: 2011, Sonya Ziaja, “Homewrecker 2.0: An Exploration of Liability for Heart Balm Torts Involving AI Humanoid Consorts”, in Bilge Mutlu, Christoph Bartneck, Jaap Ham, Vanessa Evers, Takayuki Kanda, editors, Social Robotics: Third International Conference on Social Robotics, ICSR, page 117:
topics: law
glosses: A common law tort that can be brought against the third party alleged to be responsible for the failure of marriage; abolished in many jurisdictions.
Related terms: criminal conversation
liberticidal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From liberty + -cidal.
Senses: examples: text: They claim that a party has the right to participate fully in political life even if it is avowedly and openly liberticidal.
text: Protagonists in social struggles, national liberation movements, and campaigns for citizens' rights, they invariably founded totalitarian, oppressive, and liberticidal regimes.
glosses: That destroys liberty, liberticide.
lichenize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: lichenizes
form: lichenizing
form: lichenized
form: lichenized
form: lichenise
Etymology: From lichen + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: They found that the same species of mycobiont could lichenize different species of alga , resulting in essentially identical lichens.
ref: 2023, Lorentz C. Pearson, The Diversity and Evolution of Plants, page 213:
glosses: To cover with lichens.
examples: text: Today, one in five of all known fungal species form lichens, or "lichenize".
ref: 2021, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life: How Fungi Make Our Worlds, Change Our Minds ..., page 86:
glosses: To form a lichen or species of lichen.
lichenizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of lichenize
lichenizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of lichenize
lichenivorous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɪvəɹəs
Forms: form: more lichenivorous
form: most lichenivorous
Etymology: From lichen + -vorous.
Senses: examples: text: Reindeer are lichenivorous.
glosses: That feeds on lichens.
bombs away
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: examples: text: Launch the torpedo on three! 1... 2... 3! Bombs away!
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Said after a projectile is unleashed.
apimaysin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The two maysin derivatives apimaysin and 3”-methoxymaysin were not present in any of the plant lines.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Maize Domestication and Anti-Herbivore Defences: Leaf-Specific Dynamics during Early Ontogeny of Maize and Its Wild Ancestors”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A glycosyl flavone, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-[4-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-oxo-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one, found in maize silks
Related terms: maysin
methoxymaysin
autoregulator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: autoregulators
Etymology: From auto- + regulator.
Senses: examples: text: LmrR was shown to be a transcriptional repressor of lmrCD expression and an autoregulator of its own expression.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Binding of the Lactococcal Drug Dependent Transcriptional Regulator LmrR to Its Ligands and Responsive Promoter Regions”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
genetics
medicine
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Any protein that regulates its own expression
levitant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: levitants
Senses: examples: text: As these witnesses had actively engaged in trying to haul Margaret down from the ceiling it is highly improbable that they were all suffering from hallucination, and, unless they were liars, it is possible that she was a genuine levitant with other mediumistic powers that could have been developed under more auspicious circumstances.
ref: 1970, Slater Brown, [ The heyday of spiritualism]
glosses: one who practices levitation
levitant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more levitant
form: most levitant
Senses: glosses: that levitates
examples: text: All the levitant euphoria of a moment past was gone now.
text: His rooms were as levitant with her as they were with air.
text: Though our clayey feet still press the earth the levitant soul may saunter among the stars.
glosses: that rises or floats in the air
levitants
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of levitant
autorepression
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From auto- + repression.
Senses: examples: text: An incomplete PadR motif is located in the p/o of lmrR, this palindromic sequence is only weakly recognized by LmrR. A proposed mechanism for the binding of LmrR to the p/o regions and the regulation of lmrCD and lmrR is as followed: the binding of two LmrR dimers to PlmrCD, together with an extensive binding of PlmrR by multiple LmrR dimers, results in a repression of lmrCD and a strong autorepression of lmrR.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Binding of the Lactococcal Drug Dependent Transcriptional Regulator LmrR to Its Ligands and Responsive Promoter Regions”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
genetics
medicine
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: repression of the expression of a protein by the protein itself
basiepidermal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From basi- + epidermal.
Senses: examples: text: There are about 1500 tube feet per sea urchin, each comprised of several well-defined layers: an outer epidermis, a basiepidermal nerve plexus, a connective tissue layer and a longitudinal muscle layer lined with ciliated epithelium facing the inner water vascular lumen [13 –15 ].
ref: 2015 August 13, “Tissue Regeneration and Biomineralization in Sea Urchins: Role of Notch Signaling and Presence of Stem Cell Markers”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: relating to the base of the epidermis
cytogram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cytograms
Etymology: From cyto- + -gram.
Senses: examples: text: The remaining cell events exhibited a consistent ratio of infrared vs. far red fluorescence attributable to chlorophyll, resulting in a narrow linear distribution of cell events on the flow cytogram.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Measurement of Lipid Accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris via Flow Cytometry and Liquid-State ¹H NMR Spectroscopy for Development of an NMR-Traceable Flow Cytometry Protocol”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The graphical output of a haematology analyser that is used to assist with the identification of cellular abnormalities
cytograms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Briefly, chlorophyll autofluorescence was measured as infrared (PE-Cy7-A) and far red (PerCP-Cy5.5-A) fluorescence and plotted as cytograms of infrared vs. far red (sample cytograms in S2 fig ).
ref: 2015 August 13, “Measurement of Lipid Accumulation in Chlorella vulgaris via Flow Cytometry and Liquid-State ¹H NMR Spectroscopy for Development of an NMR-Traceable Flow Cytometry Protocol”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of cytogram
cytoplastic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From cytoplast + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: The present studies thus investigated the physical characteristics of the 72-amino acid cytoplastic domain and demonstrate that, other than the CQCRRK sequence residing adjacent to the cell membrane, the remainder of this protein has no apparent structure.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Characterization of the MUC1-C Cytoplasmic Domain as a Cancer Target”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to a cytoplast
depolyploidizing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From de- + polyploid + -ize + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: While we find a “diploid” peak in DNA content in the MTF populations, it seems more appropriate to term it “paradiploid”, since it is known that polyploid tumor cells elicit paradiploid progeny through depolyploidizing divisions and regulated autophagic degradation.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Macrophage-Tumor Cell Fusions from Peripheral Blood of Melanoma Patients”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That reverses the effect of polyploidization
distiflagellomere
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: distiflagellomeres
Etymology: From disti- + flagellomere.
Senses: examples: text: This binomial is a reference to the large size of the distiflagellomere.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Morphological and Behavioral Convergence in Extinct and Extant Bugs: The Systematics and Biology of a New Unusual Fossil Lace Bug from the Eocene”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The distal part of the flagellomere
embryectomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛm.bɹiˈɛk.tə.mi/
rhymes: -ɛktəmi
Forms: form: embryectomies
Etymology: From embryo + -ectomy.
Senses: examples: text: Placentas and endometrial tissue was collected at 52–55 days of pregnancy by surgical embryectomy which involved removal of the entire conceptus and surrounding endometrial tissue.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Differential Effects of Sodium Butyrate and Lithium Chloride on Rhesus Monkey Trophoblast Differentiation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: Removal of an embryo/fetus, especially if implanted outside of the uterus.
encephalized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of encephalize
encephalized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Not surprisingly, these animals are relatively encephalized and have RP values that have the highest positive residuals and are near anthropoid regression lines in repeated analyses (Figs 3 and 4 ).
ref: 2015 August 13, “Lemur Biorhythms and Life History Evolution”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Having evolved a large head
extracephalic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From extra- + cephalic.
Senses: examples: text: Despite these previous positive findings [23, 24, 36 ], a recent study reported that larger current densities are found in deeper regions for extracephalic montage when compared to cephalic placement [53 ].
ref: 2015 August 13, “A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Outside of the head
levitative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more levitative
form: most levitative
Senses: examples: text: Superconducting ceramics produced by this technique have excellent levitative properties.
text: To speak of air having weight was a contradiction of the principle that air was naturally levitative and upward-tending.
glosses: having the power of causing other things to rise in the air; having the power of levitation
glycovariants
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Comparison of binding to the high affinity FcγRI showed similar interactions for all glycovariants tested (Fig 2A ), whereas hypo-galactosylated material binds to FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIa with binding efficiencies between 65 and 75% (Fig 2B and 2C ), compared to the bulk material.
ref: 2015 August 13, “In Vitro Glycoengineering of IgG1 and Its Effect on Fc Receptor Binding and ADCC Activity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of glycovariant
glycovariant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glycovariants
Etymology: From glyco- + variant.
Senses: glosses: Any of a range of compounds that have different glycosylation sites
hyperflux
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hyper- + flux.
Senses: examples: text: The severity of PPF reflects host immunogenic response and degree of infection, which amplify splenic volume and consequently increase hyperflux in the spleno-portal region.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Splenectomy Improves Hemostatic and Liver Functions in Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis Mansoni”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Excessive (or higher than normal) flux (flow)
hyperpath
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyperpaths
Etymology: From hyper- + path.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any path that is longer than the shortest path possible
hyperpaths
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Ma and Fukuda [35 ] compare shortest path routes of taxis with hyperpaths and find that hyperpaths have more explanatory power.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Do People Use the Shortest Path? An Empirical Test of Wardrop’s First Principle”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of hyperpath
hypoconnective
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hypo- + connective.
Senses: glosses: Less than normally connective; having fewer than normal connections.
hypoconnectivity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hypo- + connectivity.
Senses: examples: text: Previously, both hyper- and hypoconnectivity in fronto-temporal functional connectivity have been reported [6, 24, 27, 44, 45 ], and our results demonstrate the distinctive fronto-temporal connectivity patterns in different subregions of the STG and are thus consistent with previous findings.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Altered Fronto-Temporal Functional Connectivity in Individuals at Ultra-High-Risk of Developing Psychosis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The condition of being, or extent to which something is hypoconnective
metacyclogenesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From meta- + cyclo- + -genesis.
Senses: examples: text: Among the transformation steps, the mechanisms underlying metacyclogenesis have been extensively studied.
ref: 2015 August 13, “A Novel Method for Inducing Amastigote-To-Trypomastigote Transformation In Vitro in Trypanosoma cruzi Reveals the Importance of Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The process of converting procyclic promastigotes into highly infective metacyclic promastigotes
midcoronal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mid- + coronal.
Senses: examples: text: For each mouse, a midcoronal section of the left kidney was fixed in Duboscq-Brazil solution for 60 minutes followed by post-fixation in buffered 10% formaldehyde solution until paraffin embedding.
ref: 2015 August 13, “1-Methyl-D-Tryptophan Potentiates TGF-β-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in T24 Human Bladder Cancer Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: In the middle of the coronal plane
midpapillary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mid- + papillary.
Senses: examples: text: M-Mode measurements at the midpapillary level of the left ventricle (LV) were performed at end-diastole (LVEDD) and end-systole (LVESD) to determine LV function via the fractional shortening [(LVEDD-LVESD)/LVEDD * 100] in a parasternal short axis mode for at least three heart beats.
ref: 2015 August 13, “c-Myc Alters Substrate Utilization and O-GlcNAc Protein Posttranslational Modifications without Altering Cardiac Function during Early Aortic Constriction”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: In the middle of a papilla
neuropsychotropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From neuro- + psychotropic.
Senses: examples: text: Secondly, we did not consider the influence of other neuropsychiatric symptoms and neuropsychotropic drugs such as neuroleptics, SSRIs, SNRIs, and cholinesterase inhibitors.
ref: 2015 August 13, “Relationship between Eating Disturbance and Dementia Severity in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Affecting the nervous system and the mind