engross
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/
ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹəʊs/
ipa: /ɛnˈɡɹəʊs/
ipa: /ɛŋˈɡɹəʊs/
ipa: /ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/
ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹəʊs/
ipa: /ɛnˈɡɹoʊs/
ipa: /ɛŋˈɡɹoʊs/
rhymes: -əʊs
Forms: form: engrosses
form: engrossing
form: engrossed
form: engrossed
form: ingross
Etymology: From Middle English engrossen, from Anglo-Norman engrosser (“to gather in large quantities, draft something in final form”); partly from the phrase en gros (“in bulk, in quantity, at wholesale”), from en- + gros; and partly from Medieval Latin ingrossō (“thicken, write something large and in bold lettering”, v.), from in- + grossus (“great, big, thick”), from Old High German grōz (“big, thick, coarse”), from Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz (“large, great, thick, coarse grained, unrefined”), from Proto-Indo-European *ghrewə- (“to fell, put down, fall in”). More at in-, gross.
Senses: examples: text: This envelope had the air of an official record of some period long past, when clerks engrossed their stiff and formal chirography on more substantial materials than at present.
ref: 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Custom-house. Introductory to ‘The Scarlet Letter.’”, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC, page 34:
text: laws that may be engrossed upon a finger nail
ref: 1846, Thomas De Quincey, “On Christianity, as an Organ of Political Movement”, in Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine:
text: Wherefore Mr. Micawber […] set to work at the petition, invented it, engrossed it on an immense sheet of paper, spread it out on a table, and appointed a time for all the club, and all within the walls if they chose, to come up to his room and sign it.
ref: 1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:
topics: law
coordinate_terms: longhand
glosses: To write (a document) in large, aesthetic, and legible lettering; to make a finalized copy of.
topics: business
synonyms: corner the market
glosses: To buy up wholesale, especially to buy the whole supply of (a commodity etc.).
examples: text: After which time the Popes of Rome, engroſſing what they pleas'd of Politicall rule into their owne hands, extended their dominion over mens eyes, as they had before over their judgements, burning and prohibiting to be read, what they fanſied not; […]
ref: 1644, John Milton, Areopagitica; a Speech of Mr. John Milton for the Liberty of Unlicenc’d Printing, to the Parlament of England, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 7:
text: The Coral Islands are principally visited by the pearl-shell fishermen, who arrive in small schooners, carrying not more than five or six men. For a long while the business was engrossed by Merenhout, the French Consul at Tahiti, but a Dutchman by birth, who, in one year, is said to have sent to France fifty thousand dollars' worth of shells.
ref: 1847 March 30, Herman Melville, Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas; […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:
text: Octavian then engrosses for himself proconsular powers for ten years in all the provinces where more than one legion was stationed, giving him effective control of the army
ref: 2007, John Burrow, A History of Histories, Penguin Books, published 2009, pages 125–126:
glosses: To monopolize; to concentrate (something) in the single possession of someone, especially unfairly.
examples: text: She seems to be completely engrossed in that book.
text: Having made a few vain attempts at engrossing my attention in my book, I was obliged to let myself be carried away by the impetuous torrent of the squire's eloquence.
ref: 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 250:
glosses: To completely engage the attention of; to involve.
examples: text: As, when a foggy miſt hath ouercaſt / The face of heuen, and the cleare ayre engroſte, / The world in darkenes dwels, […]
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13, page 447:
synonyms: word: inspissate
word: condense
word: engross
word: incrassate
word: inspissate
word: reduce
word: thick
word: thicken
glosses: To thicken; to condense.
examples: text: The waues thereof ſo ſlow and ſluggiſh were, / Engroſt with mud, which did them fowle agriſe, / That euery weighty thing they did vpbeare, / Ne ought mote euer ſinck downe to the bottom there.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 46, page 269:
text: Not ſleeping to ingroſſe his idle body, / But praying to inrich his watchfull ſoule.
ref: c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii]:
glosses: To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or quantity.
examples: text: Percy is but my factor, good my Lord, / To engroſſe vp glorious deeds on my behalfe.
ref: c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
synonyms: word: amound
word: hoard
word: amass
word: amound
word: engross
word: get up
word: hoard
word: intreasure
word: niggard
word: packrat
word: rathole
word: squirrel away
word: uphoard
glosses: To amass.
Derived terms: engrossing
engrossment
Related terms: gross