cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
preantepenultimate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: prē'ăn'tĭpĭnŭlʹtĭmət
ipa: /ˌpɹiːˌæntɪpɪˈnʌltɪmət/
enpr: prē'ăn'tipənəlʹtəmət
enpr: prē'ăn'təpənəlʹtəmət
ipa: /ˌpɹiˌæntipəˈnʌltɪmət/
other: /ˌpɹiˌæntəpəˈnʌltəmət/
Etymology: Nominal sense attested since 1746; adjectival sense attested since 1791: pre- + antepenultimate.
Senses: examples: text: First or Preantepenultimate Milk-molar; Second or Ante- penultimate Milk-molar.
ref: 1874, Andrew Leith Adams, On the Dentition and Osteology of the Maltese Fossil Elephants, Zoological Society of London, page 10:
text: In the tautala leaga [colloquial Samoan] the shortening of normal vowels in the antepenultimate and preantepenultimate syllables is very common.
ref: 1992, Ulrike Mosel, Even Hovdhaugen, “Phonology and orthography”, in Samoan Reference Grammar, Oslo: The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture; Scandinavian University Press, via National Library of Norway, →ISBN, page 27:
text: …PWs with preantepenultimate and even fifth-but-last stress occur,…
ref: 2010, Editors Martin Maiden, John Charles Smith, Adam Ledgeway, The Cambridge History of the Romance Languages: Volume 1, Structures, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 82:
topics: biology
human-sciences
linguistics
natural-sciences
phonetics
phonology
sciences
glosses: Three before the end; fourth to last.
Coordinate terms: sense: adjectives denoting syllables
english: last
translation: last
word: ultimate
sense: adjectives denoting syllables
english: last but one
translation: last but one
word: penultimate
sense: adjectives denoting syllables
english: last but two
translation: last but two
word: antepenultimate
sense: adjectives denoting syllables
english: last but four
translation: last but four
word: propreantepenultimate
at first
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.
text: The work was hard at first, but soon I got used to it.
text: “Well,” I answered, at first with uncertainty, then with inspiration, “he would do splendidly to lead your cotillon, if you think of having one.” ¶ “So you do not dance, Mr. Crocker?” ¶ I was somewhat set back by her perspicuity.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 51:
text: This year of 1905 also saw the completion of the electrification of the Underground, which certainly improved the atmosphere, and made travelling easier and more comfortable, although, at first, not too reliable.
ref: 1957 July 24, M. D. Greville, “A Diamond Jubilee of Railway Memories”, in Railway Magazine, page 459:
text: At first I was afraid, I was petrified / Kept thinking I could never live without you by my side
ref: 1978, Dino Fekaris, Freddie Perren, “I Will Survive”, performed by Gloria Gaynor:
text: KIRA: Look, Dukat, I know you're angry, but maybe you ought to think about what you're proposing. I mean, you can't go to war against the whole Klingon Empire with one bird of prey.
DUKAT: Why not? Your people fought against us for fifty years with much less sophisticated weaponry than this. And you beat us.
KIRA: It's not the same. The Bajoran people were united. We were all fighting for the same goal. You and your crew would be out there alone.
DUKAT: Maybe at first, but perhaps our actions would inspire others to join the struggle!
ref: 1996, “Return to Grace”, in Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, season 4, episode 14 (Science Fiction), →OCLC:
glosses: Initially; at the start; originally.
bloody mary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bloody marys
form: bloody maries
form: Bloody Mary
Senses: glosses: A cocktail made from vodka, tomato juice, and usually other spices or flavorings, such as Worcestershire sauce, Tabasco sauce, beef consommé or bouillon, horseradish, celery or celery salt, salt, black pepper, cayenne pepper, and lemon juice.
Synonyms: bloody
bucket of blood
Derived terms: bloody
Virgin Mary
virgin mary
Verde Mary
verde mary
vindictive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/
rhymes: -ɪktɪv
Forms: form: more vindictive
form: most vindictive
Etymology: From Latin vindicta (“vengeance”) + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: Lord Avonleigh was an angry rather than a vindictive man. Vindictiveness requires more energy of character than he possessed. Indeed, it may be questioned whether he would of himself have taken the violent measures of the preceding evening.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXXIX, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 326:
text: The vindictive mockery in her voice made his brain quiver.
ref: 1920 November 9, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter XVIII, in Women in Love, New York, N.Y.: Privately printed [by Thomas Seltzer] for subscribers only, →OCLC:
text: The victors will exact vindictive penalties and the losers of course will undertake to pay, but none of them realizes that money is going to do the most extraordinary things to them when they begin upon that.
ref: 1933 September, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, “Introduction: The Dream Book of Dr. Philip Raven”, in The Shape of Things to Come, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, page 5:
synonyms: word: vengeful
word: revengeful
word: nasty
word: avengeful
word: pluckcrow
word: revengeful
word: vengeable
word: vengeful
word: vengesome
word: vindical
word: vindictive
word: wreakful
glosses: Having a tendency to seek revenge when wronged, vengeful.
synonyms: punishing
punitory
glosses: Punitive.
Derived terms: vindictively
vindictiveness
vindictive protectiveness
Related terms: vindicate
vindication
vindicator
drek
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of dreck.
voodoo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvuːduː/
rhymes: -uːduː
Forms: form: voodoos
form: vodou
form: vodoun
form: voudon
form: voudoun
form: vodun
form: voudou
form: Voodoo
Etymology: From Louisiana Creole voudou, from Haitian Creole Vodou, from a West African language, such as Ewe vódũ (“deity, idol”), Fon vòdún (“fetish”) or the Kwa languages vodũ.
Senses: examples: text: You cannot understand Haitian Vodou as it is practised today without first knowing something about the culture from which it sprang, and the ways history has shaped religion, and vice versa.
ref: 2007, Kevin Filan, The Haitian Vodou Handbook, Destiny Books, page 13:
glosses: Any of a group of related religious practices found chiefly in and around the Caribbean, particularly in Haiti and Louisiana.
glosses: The spiritual beliefs of the Ewe/Fon of West Africa, practiced chiefly in Benin and in the south of Togo.
examples: text: I want a real explanation, not this statistical voodoo.
glosses: Any sort of magical or irrational approach to a problem.
examples: text: So a reporter of the Boston Herald (U.S.) has 'interviewed' a few local Voodoos. He has seen a dance round a boiling pot, seen some tomfoolery with spiders, and heard a lot of superstitious stories.
ref: 1889, Longman's Magazine, volume 14, page 557:
glosses: One who practices voodoo; a native sorcerer.
Synonyms: topics: religion
lifestyle
word: voodooism
Derived terms: voodoo death
voodoo doll
voodoo economics
voodooism
voodooist
voodoo mode
voodoo programming
voodoo science
voodoo
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvuːduː/
rhymes: -uːduː
Forms: form: voodoos
form: voodooing
form: voodooed
form: voodooed
Etymology: From Louisiana Creole voudou, from Haitian Creole Vodou, from a West African language, such as Ewe vódũ (“deity, idol”), Fon vòdún (“fetish”) or the Kwa languages vodũ.
Senses: examples: text: He claimed his neighbor had voodooed him.
glosses: To bewitch someone or something using voodoo
Related terms: hoodoo
innings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪn.ɪŋz/
rhymes: -ɪnɪŋz
Forms: form: innings
form: inningses
Etymology: From the old verb inn (“to house corn”).
Senses: topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: One side's (from when the first player begins to bat, until the last player is out) or individual player's turn to bat or the runs scored during those durations.
glosses: A comparable period of play in croquet or roque.
glosses: The time during which any party is in possession of power, or enjoying good luck, etc.; a turn of any kind.
examples: text: Forty-odd. That's a better innings than Mozart's thirty-five. Only a moderate knock perhaps in an era brimming with space age technology, and transplants, and artificial hips etcet, but still higher than Mozart's.
ref: 1994, John Lehmann, Alan Ross, Sebastian Barker, The London Magazine:
text: My mother-in-law died at 89 years of age, while sad and as you might expect, we used the phrase “she had a good innings”.
ref: 2007, Roger F. Peters, Police Under Pressure: A Donkey on the Edge, Roger Peters, →ISBN, page 22:
text: He was the first of my grandparents to die but none of them made it much past seventy, although that was very much looked on as 'a decent innings' in early-seventies England.
ref: 2009, Mark Radcliffe, Thank You for the Days: A Boy's Own Adventures in Radio and Beyond, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
text: You can only say, she had a good innings, so many times. I suppose seventy nine isn't so bad. It's a damn sight more than I can expect.
ref: 2010, Jacqueline James M P, An Ignoble End, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 79:
text: Like father, like son. Sixty-eight. Not such a bad innings, really, when the old man was gone at fifty-three.
ref: 2012, Peter Fitzpatrick, The Two Frank Thrings, Monash University Publishing, →ISBN, page 523:
glosses: A person's lifespan.
Derived terms: change of innings
early innings
extra-innings
extra innings
late innings
innings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪn.ɪŋz/
rhymes: -ɪnɪŋz
Senses: glosses: plural of inning
fielder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -iːldə(ɹ)
Forms: form: fielders
Etymology: From Middle English feldere (“one who works in the field; rustic”), from Old English feldeware (“field-dweller”), equivalent to field + -er. The baseball sense is from 1832.
Senses: glosses: A dog trained in pursuit of game in the field.
topics: ball-games
baseball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
softball
sports
glosses: A defensive player in the field.
glosses: A fieldworker.
Derived terms: center fielder
fielder's choice
left fielder
right fielder
fielder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -iːldə(ɹ)
Forms: form: fielders
Etymology: From field (verb) + -er.
Senses: examples: text: And today, with our bewilderingly various profusion of gurus and therapists: never before have we had so many self-proffering fielders of the question. Although we are adept at asking questions, we are not always so good at hearing answers.
ref: 2006, Andrew Nugent, The Slow-release Miracle: A Spirituality for a Lifetime, page 4:
glosses: Agent noun of field: one who fields anything.
examples: text: His best fielder took the big wicket of the opponent team.
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
synonyms: fieldsman
glosses: A player of the fielding side, whose task is to gather the ball after the batsman has hit it, to catch the batsman out, or to prevent him from scoring.
vertigo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɜːtɪɡəʊ/
ipa: /ˈvɝtɪɡoʊ/
Forms: form: vertigos
form: vertigoes
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin vertīgō.
Senses: glosses: A sensation of whirling and loss of balance, caused by looking down from a great height or by disease affecting the inner ear.
glosses: A disordered or imbalanced state of mind or things analogous to physical vertigo; mental giddiness or dizziness.
glosses: The act of whirling round and round; rapid rotation.
glosses: A snail of the genus Vertigo.
Synonyms: dizziness
giddiness
Derived terms: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
vertiginous
vacuous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvækju.əs/
Forms: form: more vacuous
form: most vacuous
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin vacuus (“empty, vacant”) + -ous.
Senses: examples: text: vacuous expression
text: vacuous remark
text: The movie was criticized for its vacuous dialogue.
text: She gave him a vacuous smile.
synonyms: word: empty
word: vacant
word: empty
word: empty as a pauper's purse
word: empty as the tomb on Easter
word: clean
word: leer
word: toom
word: unfilled
word: vacant
word: vacuumlike
word: vacuous
word: void
glosses: Empty; void; lacking meaningful content.
synonyms: word: empty-headed
word: brainless
word: addlebrained
word: addlepated
word: airheaded
word: bee-brained
word: beef-witted
word: beefheaded
word: beetle-headed
word: birdbrained
word: blockheaded
word: Boeotian
word: boneheaded
word: boofheaded
word: brainless
word: bubbleheaded
word: buffle-headed
word: bullet-headed
word: cerebrally challenged
word: childish
word: chowderheaded
word: chuckleheaded
word: crackbrained
word: cretinous
word: dense
word: dented
word: dim-bulb
word: dim-headed
word: dim-witted
word: dim
word: doltish
word: dopey
word: dozy
word: drowsy
word: dull-headed
word: dull-minded
word: dull-witted
word: dull
word: dumber than a box of rocks
word: dumb
word: dunderheaded
word: empty-headed
word: fatheaded
word: feeble-minded
word: flea-brained
word: foolish
word: fuzzy-headed
word: fuzzy-minded
word: half-brained
word: half-witted
word: hammer-headed
word: idiotic
word: imbecilic
word: inane
word: insipid
word: intellectually challenged
word: knuckleheaded
word: lamebrained
word: lowbrow
word: lumpish
word: lunkheaded
word: mentally challenged
word: mentally retarded
word: mindless
word: monosynaptic
word: moronic
word: muttonheaded
word: nitwitted
word: numbskulled
word: oafish
word: obtuse
word: peabrained
word: pratty
word: pudding-headed
word: puerile
word: purblind
word: quarter-witted
word: retarded
word: rockheaded
word: sharp as a bowling ball
word: sheep-headed
word: simple
word: slow-witted
word: slow
word: smooth-brained
word: stolid
word: stupid
word: thick-skulled
word: thickheaded
word: thickwitted
word: thick
word: unapprehensive
word: unclever
word: unintelligent
word: unsmart
word: vacant
word: vacuous
word: witless
word: wooden-headed
word: wool-headed
word: woolly-headed
word: woolly-minded
word: dumb as a bag of hammers
word: dumb as a box of rocks
word: dumb as a doorknob
word: dumb as an ox
word: dumb as a post
word: dumb as a sack of hammers
word: dumb as dirt
word: dumber than a rock
word: not the sharpest crayon in the box
word: not the sharpest knife in the drawer
word: not the sharpest tool in the shed
word: thick as a brick
word: thick as a plank
word: thick as champ
word: thick as mince
word: thick as two short planks
word: thick as a whale omelette
word: ass-brained
word: fuckwitted
word: shit-for-brains
word: thick as pig shit
glosses: Showing a lack of thought or intelligence; vacant.
Derived terms: vacuity
vacuously
vacuousness
Related terms: vacant
vacuous truth
vacuum
empty-headed
compassion
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/
rhymes: -æʃən
Forms: form: compassions
form: compassioning
form: compassioned
form: compassioned
Etymology: From Middle English compassioun, compassion, from Old French compassion, from Ecclesiastical Latin compassio (“sympathy”), from Latin compati, past participle compassus (“to suffer together with”), from com- (“together”) + pati (“to suffer”); see passion.
Senses: examples: text: O heavens, can you hear a good man groan / And not relent, or not compassion him?
ref: c. 1588–1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], line 124:
text: Both wanted in early life the one thing essential to every individual, of whatever nature or degree of intellect, a kind, compassioning adviser; - a true friend;[…].
ref: 1830, “The Last of the Supernaturalists”, in James Fraser, editor, Fraser's Magazine, volume 1, page 226:
text: The widow's tears flowed wildly. / But Oh! a harbinger of life approached — / God, manifest in flesh — compassioned her, / And bade her weep no more.
ref: 1836, William A. Brewer, The Widow's Son, in Recreations of a Merchant; Or, The Christian Sketch-book, page 27:
synonyms: word: commiserate
word: feel sorry for
word: commiserate
word: compassion
word: compassionate
word: condole
word: feel someone's pain
word: feel sorry for
word: mercify
word: pity
word: rue
word: take pity
glosses: To pity.
Derived terms: uncompassioned
galleon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡæ.li.ən/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.li.ən/
ipa: /ˈɡæl.jən/
rhymes: -æliən
rhymes: (General American) -æljən
Forms: form: galleons
Etymology: From Middle French galion or Spanish galeón. Originally an augmentative form of a Romance language cognate of galley, the word spread around the Mediterranean from the 12th century, taking on different meanings depending on place and time.
Senses: examples: text: The next day he returned to camp with the balance of his ingots, and when they were stored on board the cruiser Captain Dufranne said he felt like the commander of an old-time Spanish galleon returning from the treasure cities of the Aztecs. “I don’t know what minute my crew will cut my throat, and take over the ship,” he added.
ref: 1913, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Return of Tarzan, New York: Ballantine Books, published 1963, page 220:
glosses: A large, three masted, square rigged sailing ship with at least two decks.
Related terms: galleass
square rigged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of square-rigged.
vagrant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈveɪɡɹənt/
rhymes: -eɪɡɹənt
Forms: form: more vagrant
form: most vagrant
Etymology: From Middle English vagraunt, vagaraunt (“having no proper employment; having a tendency to go astray or wander; wayward”), from Anglo-Norman vagarant, wakerant, waucrant (“vagrant”) and Old French walcrant, waucrant (“roaming, wandering”); see further at etymology 1.
Senses: examples: text: a vagrant beggar
text: [A]ll and every idle, looſe and diſſolute perſon and perſons, which from and after the firſt day of July, One thouſand ſix hundred fifty ſeven, ſhall be found and taken within the Commonwealth of England, vagrant and wandring from his or their uſual place of living or abode, and ſhall not have ſuch good and ſufficient cauſe or buſineſs for ſuch his or their travelling or wandring, [...] ſhall be proceeded againſt and puniſhed as Rogues, Vagabonds and Sturdy Beggers within the ſaid Statute, [...]
ref: 1656 September 27, An Act against Vagrants, and VVandring, Idle, Dissolute Persons. At the Parliament Begun at Westminster the 17th Day of September, An. Dom. 1656 [Julian calendar], London: […] Hen[ry] Hills and John Field, […], published 1657, →OCLC, page 2:
english: Julian calendar
translation: Julian calendar
synonyms: word: itinerant
word: nomadic
word: peripatetic
word: vagabond
word: vagrom
word: vague
glosses: Wandering from place to place, particularly when without any settled employment or habitation.
glosses: Of or pertaining to a vagabond or vagrant, or a person fond of wandering.
examples: text: Let Prudence yet obſtruct thy venturous way; / And take good heed, what men will think and ſay: / That beauteous Emma vagrant courſes took; / Her father's houſe and civil life forſook; / That, full of youthful blood, and fond of man; / She to the wood-land with an exile ran.
ref: 1709, Matthew Prior, “Henry and Emma. […]”, in The Poetical Works of Matthew Prior […], volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan, […], published 1779, →OCLC, page 246:
text: While leading this vagrant and miserable life, Johnson fell in love.
ref: 1856 December, [Thomas Babington] Macaulay, “[Contributions to the Encyclopædia Britannica.] Samuel Johnson.”, in T[homas] F[lower] E[llis], editor, The Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches of Lord Macaulay, new edition, London: Longman, Green, Reader, & Dyer, published 1871, →OCLC, page 374:
text: I'll ply the fire with kindling / And pull the blankets to my chin / I'll lock the vagrant winter out / And I'll bolt my wandering in
ref: 1966, Joni Mitchell, “Urge for Going”, in You Turn Me On, I’m a Radio (B side), published November 1972:
synonyms: word: inconstant
word: straggling
word: straying
word: vagabond
word: vagrom
word: vague
word: wayward
glosses: Moving without a certain direction; roving, wandering; also, erratic, unsettled.
reopen
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹiːˈəʊpən/
rhymes: -əʊpən
Forms: form: reopens
form: reopening
form: reopened
form: reopened
form: re-open
Etymology: From re- + open.
Senses: examples: text: 1920, Breckinridge Long, US Ambassador to Italy, a speech titled America's Accomplishments
From the moment of the declaration by Germany, she would reopen her inhuman warfare by the indiscriminate use of submarines.
text: Says Barnes: "The next priority [for Devon County Council] is reopening the line from Tavistock to Plymouth.
ref: 2021 November 17, Andrew Mourant, “Okehampton: a new dawn for Dartmoor”, in RAIL, number 944, page 43:
glosses: To open (something) again.
examples: text: The new law allows the twelve Federal Reserve Banks to issue additional currency on good assets and thus the banks which reopen will be able to meet every legitimate call.
ref: 1933, Franklin Roosevelt, Roosevelt's Fireside Chat, 12 March 1933:
glosses: To open again.
Derived terms: reopen old wounds
clopen
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkləʊ.pən/
ipa: /ˈkloʊ.pən/
rhymes: -əʊpən
Etymology: Blend of closed + open.
Senses: examples: text: A subset of a metric space is clopen iff it is both closed and open. A metric space is called zero-dimensional iff there is a base for the open sets consisting of clopen sets.
ref: 1990, Gerald A Edgar, Measure, Topology, and Fractal Geometry, page 80:
text: 1999, S. J. Dilworth, On the extensibility of certain homeomorphisms and linear isometries, Krzysztof Jarosz (editor), Function Spaces: Proceedings of the Third Conference on Function Spaces, American Mathematical Society, Contemporary Mathematics, Volume 232, page 124,
FACT 1. Disjoint closed subsets of ℕN may be separated by disjoint clopen sets.
text: Theorem 3. 1) Every two disjoint closed sets in a totally disconnected compact space #92;mathfrak#123;Q#125; are separated by disjoint clopen sets.
2) Every algebra of clopen sets which separates the points of a totally disconnected compact space contains all clopen sets.
ref: 2002, D. A. Vladimirov, Boolean Algebras in Analysis, page 133:
topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: Both open and closed.
raw_tags: of a set in a topological space
clopen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkləʊ.pən/
ipa: /ˈkloʊ.pən/
rhymes: -əʊpən
Forms: form: clopens
Etymology: Blend of closed + open.
Senses: examples: text: James is on vacation, so I've got to do a clopen this weekend to cover his shifts.
glosses: A pair of work shifts in which a worker works a closing shift one day and then works an opening shift the following day.
Related terms: swing shift
clutter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌtə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈklʌtɚ/
ipa: [ˈklʌɾɚ]
rhymes: -ʌtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: clutters
Etymology: From Middle English cloteren (“to form clots; coagulate; heap on”), from clot (“clot”), equivalent to clot + -er (frequentative suffix). Compare Welsh cludair (“heap, pile”), cludeirio (“to heap”).
Senses: examples: text: He saw what a Clutter there was with Huge, Over-grown Pots, Pans, and Spits.
ref: 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC:
text: Earless ghost swift moths become “invisible” to echolocating bats by forming mating clusters close (less than half a meter) above vegetation and effectively blending into the clutter of echoes that the bat receives from the leaves and stems around them.
ref: 2013 May-June, William E. Conner, “An Acoustic Arms Race”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, pages 206–7:
glosses: A confused disordered jumble of things.
glosses: Background echoes, from clouds etc., on a radar or sonar screen.
examples: text: Organizing ghost stories is like herding a clutter of cats: the phenomenon resists organization and classification.
ref: 2008, John Robert Colombo, The Big Book of Canadian Ghost Stories, Introduction:
glosses: Alternative form of clowder (“collective noun for cats”).
examples: text: October 14 1718, John Arbuthnot, letter to Jonathan Swift
I hardly heard a word of news or politicks, except a little clutter about sending some impertinent presidents du parliament to prison
text: It was then you might have heard a clutter: pots, pans and pitchers, mugs, jugs and jordens, all put themselves in motion at once[…]
ref: 1835, William Cobbett, John Morgan Cobbett, James Paul Cobbett, Selections from Cobbett's political works, volume 1, page 33:
glosses: Clatter; confused noise.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A Sperner family.
Derived terms: anticlutter
bioclutter
cluttercore
clutterfree
clutter-free
clutterless
clutterous
cluttersome
cluttery
cyberclutter
declutter
e-clutter
surface clutter
unclutter
volume clutter
clutter
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌtə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈklʌtɚ/
ipa: [ˈklʌɾɚ]
rhymes: -ʌtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: clutters
form: cluttering
form: cluttered
form: cluttered
Etymology: From Middle English cloteren (“to form clots; coagulate; heap on”), from clot (“clot”), equivalent to clot + -er (frequentative suffix). Compare Welsh cludair (“heap, pile”), cludeirio (“to heap”).
Senses: examples: text: That means about $165 billion was spent not on drumming up business, but on annoying people, creating landfill and cluttering spam filters.
ref: 2013 May 25, “No hiding place”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8837, page 74:
glosses: To fill something with clutter.
examples: text: It battereth and cluttereth into knots and balls
ref: 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book XII.]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:
glosses: To clot or coagulate, like blood.
examples: text: It [the goose] clutter'd here, it chuckled there; / It stirr'd the old wife's mettle: / She shifted in her elbow-chair, / And hurl'd the pan and kettle.
ref: 1832, Alfred Tennyson, “The Goose”, in Poems. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1842, →OCLC, stanza VII, page 231:
glosses: To make a confused noise; to bustle.
glosses: To utter words hurriedly, especially (but not exclusively) as a speech disorder (compare cluttering).
Derived terms: clutterer
clutter up
overclutter
subset
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌbˌsɛt/
Forms: form: subsets
Etymology: From sub- + set.
Senses: examples: text: The set of integers is a subset of the set of real numbers.
text: The set #92;lbracea,b#92;rbrace is a both a subset and a proper subset of #92;lbracea,b,c#92;rbrace while the set #92;lbracea,b,c#92;rbrace is a subset of #92;lbracea,b,c#92;rbrace but not a proper subset of #92;lbracea,b,c#92;rbrace.
text: 1963, David B. MacNeil, Modern Mathematics for the Practical Man, David Van Nostrand, Republished as 2013, David B. MacNeil, Fundamentals of Modern Mathematics: A Practical Review, Dover, page 3,
In the foregoing example, the set D of the first four letters of the alphabet, was a subset of the set A of all the letters of the alphabet, because A includes all the members of D.
text: Let A be a subset of the topological space X and take x#92;inX.
ref: 1997, Wolfgang Filter, K. Weber, Integration Theory, Chapman & Hall, page 5:
text: We say that a set S has a finite partition into subsets S#95;1,#92;dots,S#95;n, if S#61;S#95;i#92;cup#92;dots#92;cupS#95;n, where the subsets are pairwise disjoint, that is, S#95;i#92;capS#95;j#61;#92;empty, if i#92;nej. (We do not require that the subsets be nonempty.)
ref: 2007, Judith D. Sally; Paul J. Sally, Jr., Roots to Research: A Vertical Development of Mathematical Problems, American Mathematical Society, page 280:
topics: mathematics
sciences
set-theory
glosses: A set A such that every element of A is also an element of S.
raw_tags: of a set S
examples: text: We asked a subset of the population of the town for their opinion.
glosses: A group of things or people, all of which are in a specified larger group.
Synonyms: subclass
Derived terms: word: multiplicative subset
english: subset that is strictly less than the given other set
translation: subset that is strictly less than the given other set
word: proper subset
word: subset classifier
subset
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌbˌsɛt/
Forms: form: subsets
form: subsetting
form: subsetted
form: subsetted
Etymology: From sub- + set.
Senses: glosses: To take a subset of.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
media
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
publishing
sciences
typography
glosses: To extract only the portions of (a font) that are needed to display a particular document.
chemin de fer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃəˌmæ̃ də ˈfɛə/
Forms: form: chemin-de-fer
Etymology: Borrowed from French chemin de fer (literally “railway”), from being a faster variant of baccarat.
Senses: examples: text: Bond had spent the last two afternoons and most of the nights at the Casino, playing complicated progression systems on the even chances at roulette. He made a high banco at chemin-de-fer whenever he heard one offered.
ref: 1953, Ian Fleming, chapter 4, in Casino Royale, page 23:
text: The person who left at 1:00 is either Alice or the woman who played chemin de fer (9), so in either case she is a woman.
ref: 2005, Mark Zegarelli, Poker Logic Puzzles, →ISBN, page 73:
text: “Come on,” Kit motioning her with his head over to a chemin-de-fer table
ref: 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, pages 603–4:
glosses: A card game, a variation of baccarat.
Derived terms: chemmie
chemmy
floating-point number
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: floating-point numbers
head_nr: 1
Senses: head_nr: 1
glosses: A number written in the form a × bᶜ, e.g. 3.75 × 10³ (a being the mantissa, b, the base and c, the exponent).
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
head_nr: 1
antonyms: fixed-point number
glosses: A real number held as a pair of integers, one representing the mantissa and the other representing the exponent. The base is normally 10, 16 or 256 depending on the computing system.
Hypernyms: number
healer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhiːlə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈhilɚ/
rhymes: -iːlə(ɹ)
Forms: form: healers
Etymology: From Middle English helere, the agent noun of heal; analysed as heal + -er. Cognate with Dutch heler (“healer”), German Heiler (“healer”), Icelandic heilari (“healer”).
Senses: examples: text: faith healer
text: gifted healer
text: natural healer
text: The villagers sought help from a traditional healer.
text: She became known as a spiritual healer.
glosses: One who heals, especially through faith.
glosses: Anything that heals; a medicine that heals some wound, injury, ailment, or disease.
Hyponyms: faith healer
medicine man
quack
shaman
witch doctor
Derived terms: time is a great healer
time is a great healer of all wounds
time is the great healer
coffle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒfl̩/
ipa: /ˈkɔfl̩/
ipa: /ˈkɑfl̩/
Forms: form: coffles
form: kaffle
Etymology: From Arabic قَافِلَة (qāfila, “caravan”). Doublet of cafila.
Senses: examples: text: The people of the coffle spent the day in drying such articles as were wet, and in cleaning ten pairs of ornamented pistols with shea-butter.
ref: 1816, Mungo Park, Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa:
text: I hear the wheeze of the slave-coffle, as the slaves march on, as the husky gangs pass on by twos and threes, fastened together with wrist-chains and ankle-chains,
ref: 1892, Walt Whitman, “Song of Myself”, in Leaves of Grass […], Philadelphia, Pa.: David McKay, publisher, […], →OCLC:
text: If the explorer could make Kamalia he might be able to hook up with a slave coffle heading for the coast.
ref: 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 173:
text: Once all experience is finally reduced to marketable image, once the receiving user of user-friendly receivers can break from the coffle and choose freely, Americanly, from an Americanly infinite variety of moving images hardly distinguishable from real-life images[…]
ref: 1997 [1990], David Foster Wallace, “E Unibus Pluram: Television and U.S. Fiction”, in A Supposedly Fun Thing I’ll Never Do Again: Essays and Arguments, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN:
text: Her litter came to a sudden halt at the cross street, to allow a coffle of slaves to shuffle across her path, urged along by the crack of an overseer's lash.
ref: 2000 August 8, George R[aymond] R[ichard] Martin, “Daenerys [Targaryen]”, in A Storm of Swords (A Song of Ice and Fire; 3), London: Voyager, →ISBN, page 266:
text: It dominated late-night dinner conversation; it traveled along with marching columns of chained slaves, the infamous coffle lines that remain the iconic face of the domestic slave trade.
ref: 2011 February 18, Susan Eva O'Donovan, “William Webb's World”, in New York Times:
glosses: A line of people or animals fastened together, especially a chain of prisoners or slaves.
Derived terms: uncoffle
coffle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒfl̩/
ipa: /ˈkɔfl̩/
ipa: /ˈkɑfl̩/
Forms: form: coffles
form: coffling
form: coffled
form: coffled
form: kaffle
Etymology: From Arabic قَافِلَة (qāfila, “caravan”). Doublet of cafila.
Senses: glosses: To fasten (a line of people or animals) together.
summa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: summas
form: summae
Etymology: From Latin summa.
Senses: glosses: A comprehensive summary of, or treatise on a subject, especially theology or philosophy.
examples: text: In size, scope, and graphic ambition [the map] is a summa of the mapping art of the day, represented in paint by Vermeer.
ref: 1987, Svetlana Alpers, “The Mapping Impulse in Dutch Art”, in David Woodward, editor, Art and Cartography: Six Historical Essays, page 57:
text: The painting is a “summa” of the various trends that intertwined and developed during those crucial years of the early sixteenth century in Florence.
ref: 1993, Franca Falletti, The David and the Accademia Gallery, page 6:
text: Rockefeller Center is at once a summa of the Art Deco style, and a look ahead to the Internationalist style that dominated after World War II.
ref: 1999, Eric Nash, Manhattan Skyscrapers, page 93:
glosses: A culmination or archetypal example.
Related terms: summa cum laude
Upper Sorbian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: USorb.
Senses: synonyms: Upper Lusatian
Upper Wendish
glosses: a Slavic language spoken in part of Saxony
Related terms: Lower Sorbian
Wiktionary’s coverage of Upper Sorbian terms
Lower Sorbian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: LSorb.
Senses: synonyms: Lower Lusatian
Lower Wendish
glosses: a highly endangered West Slavic language spoken in parts of southern Brandenburg
Related terms: english: more lively sister language spoken in Saxony
translation: more lively sister language spoken in Saxony
word: Upper Sorbian
word: Wiktionary’s coverage of Lower Sorbian terms
Chaucer
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: chôʹsər
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃɔːsə/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃɔsɚ/
enpr: chŏʹsər
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃɑsɚ/
enpr: chôsʹər
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃɒsɚ/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃoːsə/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃoːsɘ/
rhymes: -ɔːsə(ɹ)
Etymology: From Middle English Chaucer, from Old French chaucier (“hose-maker, hosier”), from chauces (“clothing for the legs, breeches, pantaloons, hose”). Compare the modern loanword chausse.
Senses: glosses: A rare medieval English surname from Old French.
examples: text: After all, the English hostel owes much of its charms to Chaucer; our associations are of his haunting pictures—his delicate Lady Prioress, his comely young squire, with their pleasant interchange of tale and legend, rise upon the mind's eye in all the fascination of his vivid delineations.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 190:
glosses: A rare medieval English surname from Old French.
Geoffrey Chaucer, a 14th-century English poet and author, best remembered for The Canterbury Tales; (by extension) his works.
Derived terms: Chauceresque
Chaucerian
Chauceriana
Chaucerianism
Chaucerism
s-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Pronunciation: /s/
Etymology: Abbreviation of scalar (“particle with spin 0”).
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Subatomic particles with a spin (quantum angular momentum) of 0, predicted by supersymmetry; the bosonic equivalent of known fermions.
s-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Pronunciation: /s/
/ɛs/
/s/
Etymology: Abbreviation of sec- (“secondary”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
synonyms: sec-
coordinate_terms: word: n-
english: normal form
translation: normal form
word: t-
english: tertiary form
translation: tertiary form
glosses: secondary form
s-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Pronunciation: /s/
/ɛs/
Etymology: Abbreviation of super.
Senses: glosses: Super.
Derived terms: squbit
Macaulay
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /məˈkɔːli/
Forms: form: MacAulay
Etymology: From Scotland, an anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic Gaelic Mac Amhalghaidh ("son of Amhalghaidh"). From Ireland, an anglicisation of the Gaelic Mac Amhlaoibh ("son of Amhlaoibh") or Mac Amhlaidh ("son of Amhlaidh"). These Gaelic names are derived from the Old Norse personal name Áleifr and Óláfr.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Scottish Gaelic of Gaelic origin.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname
Derived terms: Cohen-Macaulay
Macaulayan
Macaulayism
Macaulay's children
Addison
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈædɪsən/
ipa: [ˈæɾɪsən]
Forms: form: Addisons
Etymology: A patronymic surname from a medieval diminutive form of Adam + -son.
Senses: glosses: A surname transferred from the given name.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
examples: text: My name is Addison Jane Dawson, but you can call me Addy; everyone else does. I was named after my great grandfather, Addison Jay Dawson, - - -
ref: 2009, J. Scott Romig, The Lookout Tree, Author House, →ISBN, page 1:
glosses: A female given name transferred from the surname popular in the 2000s, following Alison and Madison.
glosses: A place name, including:
A town in Vermont, United States, named after the poet Joseph Addison.
glosses: A place name, including:
Synonym of Webster Springs, West Virginia; this is actually the official name, after landowner Addison McLaughlin.
synonyms: word: Webster Springs
extra: this is actually the official name, after landowner Addison McLaughlin
word: West Virginia
extra: this is actually the official name, after landowner Addison McLaughlin
glosses: A place name, including:
A town in Winston County, Alabama, United States.
glosses: A place name, including:
A number of townships in the United States, listed under Addison Township.
Derived terms: Adders
Addison County
Addisonian
Addison's disease
precautious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔːʃəs
Forms: form: more precautious
form: most precautious
Senses: glosses: Taking precautions.
neo-Luddite
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more neo-Luddite
form: most neo-Luddite
form: neo-luddite
Etymology: From neo- + Luddite.
Senses: examples: text: One is a neo-Luddite revolt, aiming to destroy machines and machine systems […]
ref: 1970, Robert Theobald, The Economics of Abundance: A Non-inflationary Future, page 130:
text: Last along the spectrum comes a diverse set of social critics, activists and intellectuals for the most part, who accept the neo-Luddite label without demur and are consciously working to adapt certain of the Luddite fundamentals to contemporary politics.
ref: 1995, Kirkpatrick Sale, Rebels Against the Future: The Luddites and Their War on the Industrial Revolution, →ISBN, page 254:
text: One such collection of thoughts is the neo-Luddite spectrum. Not yet an organized movement, the neo-Luddite approach contains multitudes of […]
ref: 2003, Christina Garsten, Helena Wulff, New Technologies at Work: People, Screens and Social Virtuality, page 172:
text: However, as the original Luddites did, a small number of people within the neo-Luddite movement have resorted to criminal activity.
ref: 2004, Peyton Paxson, Media Literacy: Thinking Critically about the Internet, page 17:
text: Past neo-Luddite movements have, it should be noted, come and gone. In the 1990s, activist writers such as Kirkpatrick Sale called for a neo-Luddism that rejected the computer age altogether, arguing that “a world dominated by the technologies of industrial society is fundamentally more detrimental than beneficial to human happiness and survival.”
ref: 2024 February 2, Brian Merchant, “The New Luddites Aren’t Backing Down”, in The Atlantic:
text: Nick Hilton, host of a neo-luddite podcast called The Ned Ludd Radio Hour, has invited me over for a cup of tea.
ref: 2024 February 17, Tom Lamont, “‘Humanity’s remaining timeline? It looks more like five years than 50’: meet the neo-luddites warning of an AI apocalypse”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Opposed to technology, in the fashion of the Luddites.
neo-Luddite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neo-Luddites
form: neo-luddite
Etymology: From neo- + Luddite.
Senses: examples: text: "Neo-Luddite," I said to myself. A filthy accusation.
ref: 1985, Greg Bear, “Blood Music”, in The Collected Stories of Greg Bear, published 2004, page 32:
text: Yet the neo-Luddite resistance is remarkably disparate. Some flee to the woods; others, taking a less courageous stand, are content to dis the microwave oven and cellular phone. But on one major point, neo-Luddites agree: They would loathe computerization even if hordes of unwitting neo-Luddites hadn't suddenly made technophobia so trendy.
ref: 1995 July, Bob Ickes, “Die, Computer, Die!”, in New York, →ISSN, page 24:
text: Where a techno-pessimist like Yudkowsky would have us address the biggest-picture threats conceivable[…] neo-luddites tend to focus on ground-level concerns. Employment, especially, because this is where technology enriched by AIs seems to be causing the most pain.
ref: 2024 February 17, Tom Lamont, “‘Humanity’s remaining timeline? It looks more like five years than 50’: meet the neo-luddites warning of an AI apocalypse”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: One who opposes technology or scientific progress, in the fashion of the Luddites.
Related terms: neo-Luddism
technophobia
technopessimism
scrutinise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɹuːtɪnaɪz/
Forms: form: scrutinises
form: scrutinising
form: scrutinised
form: scrutinised
form: scrutinize
Etymology: From scrutiny + -ise.
Senses: examples: text: Because his opinions are all over the place, they find it easy to scrutinise them and lay them out;
ref: 2005, Plato, translated by Lesley Brown, Sophist, page 230b:
text: Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month.
ref: 2013 August 3, “Boundary problems”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:
text: But few MPs could claim to have followed and scrutinised Government transport policy to the extent that she has over the past decade.
ref: 2020 June 3, Lilian Greenwood talks to Paul Stephen, “Rail's 'underlying challenges' remain”, in RAIL, page 31:
text: Independent of government and the civil service, the NAO [National Audit Office] scrutinises public spending for Parliament and helps it to hold government to account.
ref: 2022 August 10, Mel Holley, “Network News: Question marks over TransPennine upgrade spending”, in RAIL, number 963, page 24:
glosses: To examine something with great care.
glosses: To audit accounts etc in order to verify them.
prisoner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɪzənə/
ipa: /ˈpɹɪznə/
ipa: /ˈpɹɪzənɚ/
ipa: /ˈpɹɪznɚ/
Forms: form: prisoners
Etymology: From Middle English prisoner, from Old French prisonier (compare Medieval Latin prisōnārius), equivalent to prison + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Two other prisoners were staying in the same cell as him.
text: The evidence disclosed that the three prisoners were in a public-house together with the prosecutor, Abraham Rhodes, and that in concert with the other two prisoners, the prisoner John Dewhirst placed a pencase on the table in the room where they were assembled, and left the room to get writing-paper.
ref: 1861, Edward William Cox, Reports of Cases in Criminal Law:
text: American journalist Evan Gershkovich and former US Marine Paul Whelan were among the 24 detainees released as part of a complex prisoner swap between Russia, the US and other Western nations. […] Krasikov, a former high-ranking FSB colonel serving a life sentence in a German prison, was on the top of Moscow’s list of Russian prisoners it wanted to exchange.
ref: 2024 August 1, Ivana Kottasová and Anna Chernova, “Who was freed in major prisoner swap between Russia and the West?”, in CNN:
synonyms: jailbird
glosses: A person incarcerated in a prison, while on trial or serving a sentence.
examples: text: And gainſt the General we will lift our ſwords / And either lanch his greedie thirſting throat, / Or take him priſoner, and his chaine ſhall ſerue / For Manackles, till he be ranſom’d home.
ref: c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:
text: Captain Edward Carlisle, soldier as he was, martinet as he was, felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, her alluring smile ; he could not tell what this prisoner might do.
ref: 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
glosses: Any person held against their will.
examples: text: I am no longer a prisoner to fear, for I am a child of God.
glosses: A person who is or feels confined or trapped by a situation or a set of circumstances.
Synonyms: word: inmate
word: prisoner
word: guest of Her Majesty
Hypernyms: word: captive
word: convict
word: jailbird
Hyponyms: word: detainee
word: ghost prisoner
word: lifer
word: political prisoner
word: POW
word: prisoner of conscience
word: prisoner of war
Derived terms: ghost prisoner
non-prisoner
political prisoner
prisoner at large
prisoner exchange
prisoner of conscience
prisoner of hope
prisoner of war
prisoner-of-war camp
prisoner swap
prisoner visa
Spanish prisoner
star prisoner
Related terms: imprison
prison
rake-and-scrape
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of rake and scrape.
Wolof
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈwɒlɒf/
/ˈwəʊlɒf/
Forms: form: Wollof
form: Woloff
form: Jolof
form: Jollof
form: Djolof
form: Ouolof
form: Olof
form: Volof
Etymology: From Wolof Wolof.
Senses: glosses: A West African people, mostly in Senegal.
examples: text: ‘But come on: haven’t you learnt even a little bit of Wolof yet?’
ref: 2016, Zadie Smith, Swing Time, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 221:
glosses: The language traditionally spoken by those people.
glosses: The former realm of the Wolof, maintained from the 14th to the 19th centuries.