cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
halmos
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Named after Hungarian-born US mathematician Paul Halmos (1916-2006) who first used it in mathematics, after seeing it marking the end of articles in magazines.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The symbol “∎” marking the end of a proof.
wikipedia: Paul Halmos
halmos
Synonyms: tombstone
half-tracker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: half-trackers
Senses: examples: text: We'd got ourselves into a great position, and if I'd hit that half-tracker for six, we would've won the game.
ref: 2004 February 16, Darren Lehmann, “Blue boy Phelps goes blazing on a sunny afternoon”, in The Sydney Morning Herald:
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A ball bowled so as to pitch roughly half way down the wicket, i.e. half-way between batsman and bowler. (From a slow bowler this is a poor delivery, likely to be hit to the boundary.)
reef rash
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reef rashes
Senses: examples: text: Even mild cases of reef rash can be worrisome, as any break in the skin while in the tropics can lead to a staph infection.
ref: 2005, Matt Warshaw, The Encyclopedia of Surfing, page 498:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
surfing
glosses: A scraping injury caused by falling on or being dragged over a reef.
origins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of origin
individuality
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪndɪvɪd͡ʒuˈælɪti/
Forms: form: individualities
Etymology: From individual + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: It is affirmed, that individuality pervades universal nature; that it is positively the most fundamental and universal principle which the finite mind seems capable of discovering, and the best image of the infinite. There are no two objects in the universe which are precisely alike.
ref: 1856, William Pare, Equitable Villages in America:
text: Even in an era when individuality in dress is a cult, his clothes were noticeable. He was wearing a hard hat of the low round kind favoured by hunting men, and with it a black duffle-coat lined with white.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 6, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
text: The researchers posit that something they call the “hipster effect” asserts itself in human populations no matter how individualistic we imagine ourselves to be, because it’s individuality itself that sparks conformity.
ref: 2014 December 2, David DiSalvo, “Are You Vulnerable to the Hipster Effect?”, in Psychology Today, archived from the original on 30 Aug 2025:
glosses: The characteristics that contribute to the differentiation or distinction of someone or something from a group of otherwise comparable identity.
examples: text: As persons, therefore—gigantic individualities—they wheeled into the feudal ranks and assumed feudal powers and responsibilities.
ref: 1856, John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic:
glosses: A person.
Related terms: individual
zoomorphic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /zoʊəˈmɔɹfɪk/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)fɪk
Forms: form: zoömorphic
Etymology: From zoo- + -morphic.
Senses: examples: text: The zoomorphic Hindu god Ganesha has the head of an elephant.
glosses: Having the shape, form, or likeness of an animal.
woodie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwʊ.di/
homophone: woody
Forms: form: woodies
Etymology: From wood + -ie.
Senses: examples: text: There'll be no surfin' there and no one even cares.
My woodie's outside. Covered with snow.
ref: 1965, “New York's a Lonely Town”, performed by The Trade Winds:
text: Well, for one thing a Woodie is the last remnant of the true coach-builders' art, dating from a time when wood […]. But a Woodie is also an icon, emblematic of beaches and surfing and Pacific Coast Highway […]
ref: 2000, Tom Snyder, Pacific Coast Highway: Traveler's Guide, page 9:
glosses: An early station wagon or estate car whose rear bodywork is made of wood, often associated with Southern California surfing culture.
glosses: A wooden rollercoaster; an amusement ride whose rails are overlaid upon a wooden track.
examples: text: She raised her brows. “You got a woodie; I got a wettie. Doesn't mean mine was for yours.”
ref: 2015, Kresley Cole, Wicked Deeds on a Winter's Night:
glosses: An erection of the penis.
glosses: An Australian wood cockroach, especially one that is a feeder insect for pets like reptiles, amphibians, arachnids, etc.
raw_tags: used in the plural
glosses: A wood pigeon.
glosses: A wood duck.
Derived terms: morning woodie
woodie wagon
pleroma
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /plɪˈɹəʊmə/
ipa: /pləˈɹoʊmə/
rhymes: -əʊmə
Forms: form: Pleroma
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin pleroma (“(Gnosticism) spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God”), from Koine Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōmă, “(biblical) perfect fullness”), Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōmă, “that which fills, a complement; a filling up, a completing”), from πληρόω (plēróō, “to make full, fill; to complete, finish”) (from πλήρης (plḗrēs, “complete, full”) (from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (“to fill”)) + -όω (-óō, suffix forming verbs with the sense of making someone be or do something)) + -μᾰ (-mă, suffix forming nouns denoting the result or effect of an action).
Sense 1.1 (“plant”) is borrowed from New Latin Pleroma, a genus name coined by the Scottish botanist David Don (1799–1841) in 1822, from Ancient Greek πλήρωμᾰ (plḗrōmă) (see above) to describe the way the seeds of the plant filled the capsule.
Sense 2 (“state of perfect fullness”) is chiefly used in reference to Colossians 2:9 of the Bible: “Ὅτι ἐν αὐτῶῳ κατοικεῖ πᾶν τὸ πλήρωμα τῆς θεότητος σωματικῶς (Hóti en autôōi katoikeî pân tò plḗrōma tês theótētos sōmatikôs) [For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form]”.
Senses: examples: text: There is a way to comprehend the gnostic's giant onion of a world, the concentric circles, with the Pleroma beckoning there, the white heart of light, the source of that primal vision which for a second or two can recapture paradise.
ref: 1974, Lawrence Durrell, “Macabru”, in Monsieur (The Avignon Quintet; 1), New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, published 1975, →ISBN, page 131:
topics: Gnosticism
lifestyle
religion
glosses: Often preceded by the: the spiritual universe seen as the totality of the essence and powers of God.
butterfly clam
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: butterfly clams
Senses: glosses: A species of mussel, Ellipsaria lineolata, that inhabits rivers in the southern United States
Gascon Occitan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A dialect of the Occitan language spoken in parts of southern France and northern Spain.
Synonyms: Aranés
Aranese
Arnais
Gascon
Aranese Occitan
salvage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: salvages
Etymology: From Old French salver (see also save, from a variant form), from Late Latin salvare (“to make safe, secure, save”), from Latin salvus (“safe”) with the English suffix -age.
Senses: glosses: The rescue of a ship, its crew and passengers or its cargo from a hazardous situation.
glosses: The ship, crew or cargo so rescued.
glosses: The compensation paid to the rescuers.
glosses: The money from the sale of rescued goods.
examples: text: [...] the debris was hurled down the hillside on to the line and swept the engine off the track and into the sea; the engine in question, ex-Cambrian 0-6-0 No. 874, was not considered to be worth salvage, and was abandoned.
ref: 1943 March and April, “A British Avalanche Shelter”, in Railway Magazine, page 80:
glosses: The similar rescue of property liable to loss; the property so rescued.
glosses: The process of acquiring, dismantling, and stocking the pieces of old property such as ships, houses, and vehicles, so that they can be sold on to be reused or recycled.
examples: text: salvage cars auction
glosses: Anything put to good use that would otherwise have been wasted, such as damaged goods.
Derived terms: pure salvage
salvage grocery
salvage logging
salvage therapy
salvage title
salvage yard
salvage
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: salvages
form: salvaging
form: salvaged
form: salvaged
Etymology: From Old French salver (see also save, from a variant form), from Late Latin salvare (“to make safe, secure, save”), from Latin salvus (“safe”) with the English suffix -age.
Senses: examples: text: Robin van Persie looked to have secured the points for the Gunners with a fine goal from Theo Walcott's through ball. But Perisic dipped a sublime 20-yard shot home to salvage a draw.
ref: 2011 September 13, Sam Lyon, “Borussia Dortmund 1 - 1 Arsenal”, in BBC:
qualifier: people or situations at risk
glosses: To rescue.
raw_tags: of property
examples: text: Prove or disprove, and salvage if possible.
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
glosses: To modify (a false proposition) to create a true proposition.
examples: text: During the war, but unrecorded because of the requirements of censorship, a link with the now partly-abandoned Cardiff Railway disappeared with the demolition of Rhydyfelin Viaduct, near Treforest, South Wales, in the latter part of 1942. The steelwork in this structure, amounting to nearly 1,150 tons, was salvaged as scrap metal to assist the war effort.
ref: 1946 January and February, “Notes and News: Demolition of Rhydyfelin Viaduct”, in Railway Magazine, page 52:
glosses: To put to use.
raw_tags: of discarded goods
glosses: To make new or restore for the use of being saved.
Derived terms: salvageability
salvageable
salvagable
salvager
Related terms: salvation
salvage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: salvages
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: examples: text: Cornels, and ſalvage Berries of the Wood, / And Roots and Herbs have been my meagre Food.
ref: 1697, Virgil, “The Third Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 292, lines 855–856:
glosses: Obsolete spelling of savage.
salvage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: salvages
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish salvaje, from Catalan salvatge, from Late Latin *salvāticus, alteration of Latin silvāticus (“wild”, literally “of the woods”). Confused false friends; English salvage and Tagalog salbahe (“mischievous, naughty”).
Senses: glosses: Summary execution, extrajudicial killing.
salvage
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: salvages
form: salvaging
form: salvaged
form: salvaged
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish salvaje, from Catalan salvatge, from Late Latin *salvāticus, alteration of Latin silvāticus (“wild”, literally “of the woods”). Confused false friends; English salvage and Tagalog salbahe (“mischievous, naughty”).
Senses: glosses: To perform summary execution.
glosses: To apprehend and execute (a suspected criminal) without trial.
McQuarrie
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: McQuarries
form: McQuarie
form: McQuary
form: McQuearie
form: McQueary
form: Querry
form: Querrey
Etymology: Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac Guaire.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Scottish Gaelic.
peppercorn rent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: peppercorn rents
Senses: examples: text: Where public libraries are scheduled for closure, their premises and stock should be offered at a peppercorn rent and on a long lease to any subscription library wishing to take them over.
ref: 2016 May, Simon Heffer, Literary Review, page 1:
text: Both groups rent space from SWR on a peppercorn rent basis.
ref: 2020 September 23, “Network News: South Western CRPs return to work”, in Rail, page 20:
text: Autumn turned to winter and then spring. I had to leave the property, as the rent was going up and I couldn’t afford it. But I wanted to remain alone. By a stroke of luck, I was offered a peppercorn rent on a holiday cottage by the sea that I had previously cleaned as a housekeeper.
ref: 2024 March 27, Jade Angeles Fitton, “A moment that changed me: my partner drove off and left me – and in solitude I found my self-confidence”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: A nominal rent, originally of a single peppercorn.
folk song
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: folk songs
form: folksong
Etymology: From folk + song.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A song, in any folk style, originating among ordinary people, usually non-professional musicians, and handed down by oral tradition.
examples: text: Before my father, Hasidic music was mere folksong. He raised it to the level of art.
ref: 2017, Velvel Pasternak, Behind the Music, Stories, Anecdotes, Articles and Reflections, page 190:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: folk music
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A song in the style of folk music, a modern genre of popular music.
Related terms: folk music
Wikipedia has an article on Folk music
monopolistic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˌnɒpəˈlɪstɪk/
Forms: form: more monopolistic
form: most monopolistic
Etymology: From monopoly + -istic.
Senses: examples: text: The antitrust laws try to prevent monopolistic behavior.
text: There was a prevailing fear of the effect of large undertakings becoming monopolistic, and Parliament showed itself unwilling to sanction any large groupings.
ref: 1948 January and February, “British Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 1:
text: But electric vehicles and the batteries that made them run became ensnared in corporate scandals, fraud, and monopolistic corruption that shook the confidence of the nation and inspired automotive upstarts.
ref: 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:
text: Dominguez-González explained: "The Spanish market is no longer a monopolistic one, and there is great interest among both the existing open access operators and potential future ones in providing services on other lines."
ref: 2023 July 26, Ben Jones, “EU open access growth offers pointers for UK hopefuls”, in RAIL, number 988, pages 32–33:
glosses: Acting in the manner of a monopoly.
Derived terms: antimonopolistic
monopolistically
monopolistic competition
nonmonopolistic
quasimonopolistic
Related terms: oligopolistic
monopsonistic
statements
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsteɪt.mənts/
Senses: glosses: plural of statement
statements
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsteɪt.mənts/
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of statement
networked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of network
networked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more networked
form: most networked
Senses: glosses: joined by a network, or to form a network
Derived terms: hypernetworked
multinetworked
nonnetworked
unnetworked
cossack
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cossacks
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of Cossack.
citizens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɪt.ɪ.zənz/
Senses: glosses: plural of citizen
brings
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹɪŋz/
rhymes: -ɪŋz
Senses: examples: text: ...It regulates and governs the Passions of the Mind, and brings them into due moderation and frame...
ref: 1696, William Stephens, An Account of the Growth of Deism in England, page 17:
glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bring
busy beaver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: busy beavers
Senses: examples: text: Wow! Laundry, dishes, and errands, all in one day? You've been a busy beaver.
glosses: Someone who is very busy or hard-working.
topics: computing
computing-theory
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A Turing machine that attains the maximum number of steps performed, or number of non-blank symbols finally on the tape, among all Turing machines in a certain class.
Derived terms: busy beaver function
Related terms: busy as a beaver
switch hitter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: switch hitters
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of switch-hitter.
UTMS
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: It is inevitable that the introduction of GPRS and UMTS will have a tremendous impact on Bluetooth. [...] Figure 10-11 illustrates the projected timeline for the rollout of Bluetooth, GPRS, and UTMS.
ref: 2002, Madhushree Ganguli, Getting Started with Bluetooth:
text: In the following we cover the radio-access domain, which in part will cover UTMS Mobility Management (UMM) and UMTS call control to complete the context of inter-operability between 2G and 3G systems, i.e. GSM and UMTS.
ref: 2004, Jonathan P. Castro, All IP in 3G CDMA Networks:
text: 2005, Heikki Kaaranen et al., UMTS Networks http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&vid=ISBN0470011033&id=kX3Z9ss_5P0C&pg=PA183&lpg=PA183&sig=O-3b8Hlh_w_sI7GiH3E2Rd5wFyg
Security is a fundamental requirement in every part of the UTMS network and the IMS is not an exception. … The security issues in the UMTS environment are described in detail in Chapter 9.
glosses: Misspelling of UMTS.
lyricist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɪɹ.ɪsɪst/
Forms: form: lyricists
Etymology: From lyric + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A person who writes the lyrics of a song.
coherence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəʊˈhɪəɹ.ən(t)s/
ipa: /koʊˈhɪɹ.ən(t)s/
Forms: form: coherences
form: cohærence
Etymology: From Middle French coherence, from Latin cohaerentia. By surface analysis, cohere + -ence.
Senses: examples: text: His arguments lacked coherence.
text: Mrs. Grose listened with dumb emotion; she forbore to ask me what this meaning might be; so that, presently, to put the thing with some coherence and with the mere aid of her presence to my own mind, I went on: “That he’s an injury to the others.”
ref: 1898, Henry James, chapter II, in The Turn of the Screw:
text: He would then put down his pencil and stare in front of him, and wonder in what respects the world was different—it had, perhaps, more solidity, more coherence, more importance, greater depth.
ref: 1915, Virginia Woolf, chapter XXII, in The Voyage Out, London: Duckworth & Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: The quality of cohering, or being coherent; internal consistency.
examples: text: When I come to his connection with Blanche Stroeve I am exasperated by the fragmentariness of the facts at my disposal. To give my story coherence I should describe the progress of their tragic union, but I know nothing of the three months during which they lived together.
ref: 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter XLIII, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:
glosses: The quality of forming a unified whole.
examples: text: In a lesson on coherence in academic writing, students engaged in the following discussion on the online platform TodaysMeet.
ref: 2017, Di Zou, James Lambert, “Feedback methods for student voice in the digital age”, in British Journal of Educational Technology, volume 48, number 5, page 1088:
glosses: A logical arrangement of parts, as in writing.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The property of having the same wavelength and phase.
raw_tags: of waves
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
translation-studies
coordinate_terms: cohesion
glosses: A semantic relationship between different parts of the same text.
Synonyms: coherency
Derived terms: anticoherence
autocoherence
bicoherence
coherence time
coherin
multicoherence
overcoherence
quantum coherence
recoherence
supercoherence
tricoherence
unicoherence
Related terms: cohesion
fatherless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: fatherlesse
Etymology: From Middle English faderles, federles, from Old English fæderlēas, from Proto-Germanic *fadērlausaz, equivalent to father + -less. Cognate with German vaterlos.
Senses: examples: text: “Homer’s Triple Bypass” has the potential to be the most depressing episode in the history of The Simpsons, if not television as whole. It is, after all, about a 36-year-old husband and father staring down death and the prospect of leaving his wife a young widow and his small children fatherless.
ref: 2012 June 17, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Homer’s Triple Bypass” (season 4, episode 11; originally aired 12/17/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club:
glosses: Without a (living) father.
glosses: Without a known author or inventor.
Hypernyms: parentless
Coordinate terms: motherless
Derived terms: fatherlessness
Related terms: half orphan
orphan
motherless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Middle English moderles, from Old English mōdorlēas, from Proto-Germanic *mōdērlausaz, equivalent to mother + -less. Cognate with Saterland Frisian muurloos (“motherless”), Dutch moederloos (“motherless”), German mutterlos (“motherless”), Danish moderløs (“motherless”), Swedish moderlös (“motherless”), Icelandic móðurlaus (“motherless”).
Senses: examples: text: Of 110 boys, all very far below the average in physique, forty-four had a mother at home, but sixty-six were all practically motherless. In some cases the mother was dead, but in the rest the mother was absent all day at work.
ref: 1907, Margaret McMillan, Labour and Childhood, page 14:
glosses: Without a (living) mother.
examples: text: Your onely way to make a good pomander, is this. Take an ownce of the pureſt garden mould, clenſed and ſteeped ſeauen daies in change of motherleſſe roſe water, then take the beſt Labdanum, Benioine, both Storaxes, amber greece, and Ciuet, and muſke, incorporate them together, and work them into what form you pleaſe; this, if your breath bee not to valiant, will make you ſmell as ſweete as my Ladies dogge.
ref: 1607, [attributed to Thomas Tomkis], Lingva: Or The Combat of the Tongue, and the Five Senses for Superiority. A Pleasant Comœdie., London: Printed by G[eorge] Eld, for Simon Waterson, →OCLC, act IV, scene iii:
text: Once the bottle is opened, the starter may develop again if the vinegar is in your cupboard for awhile.^([sic]) If its appearance bothers you, strain the vinegar through several layers of cheesecloth into a sterilized bottle. Motherless or not, vinegar has [...]
ref: 1997, Good Housekeeping, volume 225, page 132:
text: A number of things along the way, such as temperature fluctuations, bacteria, and dust in the air, can derail and ruin a motherless vinegar. But if you use a mother, [...]
ref: 2014, Bill Collins, Making & Using Vinegar: Recipes That Celebrate Vinegar, page 4:
glosses: Without mother (mucilaginous substance in fermenting liquid).
examples: text: Although there had been some previous attempts in the same direction, Boole's idea by no means grew from what other men had conceived, but, as truly as any mental product may, sprang from the brain of genius, motherless.
ref: 2009, Charles S. Peirce, Writings of Charles S. Peirce, →ISBN:
ref: 2014, Pauline Shypula, A Motherless Tongue: The Experience of Second Generation Americans:
text: So in an inclusive act of recognition, here's our goopy take on this motherless dish—a mash-up of all your food-court chickens, be they sweet 'n' sour, sesame[.]
ref: 2015, Peter Meehan, Lucky Peach Presents 101 Easy Asian Recipes, →ISBN, page 192:
glosses: Without a history or predecessor.
Hypernyms: parentless
Coordinate terms: fatherless
Derived terms: motherlessness
son of a motherless goat
motherless
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more motherless
form: most motherless
Etymology: From Middle English moderles, from Old English mōdorlēas, from Proto-Germanic *mōdērlausaz, equivalent to mother + -less. Cognate with Saterland Frisian muurloos (“motherless”), Dutch moederloos (“motherless”), German mutterlos (“motherless”), Danish moderløs (“motherless”), Swedish moderlös (“motherless”), Icelandic móðurlaus (“motherless”).
Senses: examples: text: At the wake, held at her old pub, Brenda watched as her sisters, brothers-in-law and several nieces and nephews got motherless drunk, then summoned a taxi to take them all home in two separate trips.
ref: 2009, Bryce Courtenay, The Story Of Danny Dunn:
glosses: very, completely (especially in reference to drunkenness)
Related terms: half orphan
orphan
half orphan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: half orphans
Senses: glosses: A person, especially a child, with only one living parent.
Hyponyms: maternal orphan
paternal orphan
Related terms: fatherless
motherless
parentless
widow
widower
monopolist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: monopolists
Etymology: From monopoly + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: "Well, my love, that is all very true," replied Louisa, colouring with the consciousness of being a great monopolist; "but I cannot help fearing more pain will arise to you eventually than the pleasure is worth;...
ref: 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 214:
glosses: One who has, or attempts to acquire, a monopoly on something.
Derived terms: antimonopolist
monopolistic
monopolize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈnɒpəlʌɪz/
Forms: form: monopolizes
form: monopolizing
form: monopolized
form: monopolized
form: monopolise
Etymology: From monopoly + -ize.
Senses: glosses: To have a monopoly on something.
examples: text: Teachers try not to let any one student monopolize a class discussion.
text: "Now, Mr. Malone, I have given you rather more of my time than I had intended. The individual must not monopolize what is meant for the world."
ref: 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
glosses: To dominate or to get total control of something by excluding everyone else.
Synonyms: hog
corner
take over
dominate
Derived terms: demonopolize
monopolist
monopolistic
monopolization
monopolizer
unmonopolize
metromania
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -eɪniə
Forms: form: metromanias
Etymology: From metro- + -mania.
Senses: glosses: A mania for writing poetry, especially doggerel.
glosses: A mania for measurements or statistics.
Derived terms: metromaniac
akeni
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: akeni
Etymology: From Japanese 明荷 (akeni).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A box used by sekitori to store their personal items.
sekitori
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sekitori
form: sekitoris
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 関取.
Senses: examples: text: Sekitoris wrestle every one of the 15 days of a basho.
ref: 1977, Larry Winderbaum, “Sekitori”, in The Martial Arts Encyclopedia, Washington, D.C.: INSCAPE, →ISBN, page 143, column 1:
topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A rikishi, of rank juryo and above, who draws a salary.
amasumo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Japanese アマ相撲 (ama-sumō); ama is a shortening of English amateur.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: amateur sumo
ani-deshi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ani-deshi
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 兄弟子.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: The senior rikishi in a particular heya.
shisho
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shisho
Etymology: From Japanese 師匠.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: An oyakata who runs a heya.
oyakata
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oyakata
Etymology: From Japanese 親方 (“elder”).
Senses: examples: text: For a foreigner like Jesse, becoming an oyakata to pave the way to open a heya had its obstacles.
ref: 1992, Philbert Ono, “A Visit to Azumazeki-beya (Part 1)”, in Eye-Ai, Tokyo: Riverfield, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:
topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A retired rikishi who has reached a certain standing and either becomes a shisho or helps train in others' heya.
Digi-box
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Digi-boxes
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Digibox.
Maffia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Maffias
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian Maffia.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Italian.
Maffia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: -æfiə
Senses: glosses: Dated form of Mafia.
targets
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of target
targets
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of target
Bangalored
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of Bangalore
stemware
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɛm.wɛə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈstɛm.wɛɚ/
Forms: form: stemwares
Etymology: From stem + -ware.
Senses: examples: text: Selected nonheat-resistant and nonheat-tempered tableware and kitchenware: […] Tableware: […] Machine-made tumblers, goblets and other stemware
ref: 1947, “No. 957.—Pressed and Blown Glassware—Quantity and Value of Shipments: 1945 [table]”, in Morris H[oward] Hansen, compiler, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1947, 68th edition, Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Commerce, →OCLC, page 861:
text: [T]he stemware and glassware fragments were recovered from a brick walkway uncovered at a depth of 60 cm, located 30 cm west of the house foundation. The stemwares could have been broken while being transported to or from the house or they could be casualties of entertaining.
ref: 1990, Douglas V. Armstrong, “Artifacts: Reflections of Past Lifeways”, in The Old Village and the Great House: An Archaeological and Historical Examination of Drax Hall Plantation, St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica (Blacks in the New World), Urbana; Chicago, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, →ISBN, page 202:
text: Glancing around at the tables, I noticed they were still perfectly set the way Pierre left them: linen birds of paradise atop each plate, salt and pepper shakers, stemware and flatware, all arranged with precision.
ref: 2013, Lisa Patton, Southern as a Second Language: A Novel, New York, N.Y.: Thomas Dunne Books, →ISBN:
glosses: Drinking glasses that have a stem, such as wine glasses or champagne flutes.
conjoin
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈd͡ʒɔɪn/
rhymes: -ɔɪn
Forms: form: conjoins
form: conjoining
form: conjoined
form: conjoined
Etymology: From Old French conjoindre, from Latin coniungo, from con- (“together”) + iungo (“join”). Equivalent to con- + join.
Senses: examples: text: They are representatives that will loosely conjoin a nation.
text: During an ongoing pandemic conjoined with an intensifying operational crisis inside U.S. prisons, mass clemency should be the first step of many toward a decarceral agenda that could still––if he’s bold enough to seize the opportunity––define Biden’s presidency.
ref: 2022 January 25, Eric Reinhardt, “How Joe Biden Launched a New Prison Boom”, in Slate:
glosses: To join together; to unite; to combine.
examples: text: I will conjoin you in holy matrimony.
glosses: To marry.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: To join as coordinate elements, often with a coordinating conjunction, such as coordinate clauses.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: To combine two sets, conditions, or expressions by a logical AND; to intersect.
examples: text: Our armie will be forty thouſand ſtrong,
When Tamburlain and braue Theridamas
Haue met vs by the riuer Araris:
And all conioin’d to meete the witleſſe King,
That now is marching neere to Parthia.
ref: c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene i:
text: And the Body of one Dead; — a temple where the Hero-soul once was and now is not: Oh, all mystery, all pity, all mute awe and wonder; Supernaturalism brought home to the very dullest; Eternity laid open, and the nether Darkness and the upper Light-Kingdoms; — do conjoin there, or exist nowhere!
ref: 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “ch. XVI, St. Edmund”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book II (The Ancient Monk):
glosses: To unite, to join, to league.
Synonyms: sense: to come together
word: affix
word: attach
word: join
word: put together
sense: to marry
word: bewed
word: wed
word: marry
Derived terms: conjoined twin
conjoiner
conjoint
conjointly
reconjoin
Related terms: conjunction
conjunctiva
conjunctive
conjoin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈd͡ʒɔɪn/
rhymes: -ɔɪn
Forms: form: conjoins
Etymology: From Old French conjoindre, from Latin coniungo, from con- (“together”) + iungo (“join”). Equivalent to con- + join.
Senses: examples: text: Et is the general coordinator that can be used for all types of coordination, both clauses and constituents, regardless of the semantic relation between the conjoins.
ref: 2021, Harm Pinkster, The Oxford Latin Syntax, volumes 2, The Complex Sentence and Discourse, →ISBN, page 621:
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
synonyms: conjunct
glosses: One of the words or phrases that are coordinated by a conjunction.
examples: text: Attention must also be given to understanding why certain sites yield a low number of conjoins.
ref: 1984, Ellen M. Kroll, Glynn Ll. Isaac, “Configurations of artifacts and bones at early Pleistocene sites in East Africa”, in Harold Hietala, editor, Intrasite Spatial Analysis in Archaeology, →ISBN, page 23:
topics: archaeology
history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: A reassembled bone, stone or ceramic artifact.
stretchy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɹɛt͡ʃi/
rhymes: -ɛtʃi
Forms: form: stretchier
form: stretchiest
Etymology: From stretch + -y.
Senses: glosses: Capable of stretching; elastic.
examples: text: Not just comfort, but luxurious comfort — the stretchy, yawny, sleepy kind — is his portion.
ref: 1911, Munsey's Magazine, volume 45, page 74:
glosses: Inclined to stretch, as from weariness.
banzuke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 番付.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: the document, published six times a year, before each basho, showing the official rankings of all rikishi
Related terms: ebanzuke
jungyo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jungyo
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 巡業 (じゅんぎょう, jungyō), from Middle Chinese 巡 (zwin, “to make rounds, tour”) + 業 (ngjæp, “work”).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A regional tour, undertaken between honbashos, during which the rikishi give exhibition matches.
separatist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛpəɹətɪst/
Forms: form: separatists
Etymology: From separate + -ist.
Senses: glosses: Someone who advocates separation from the established Church; a member of any of various sects or schismatics.
examples: text: On rare occasions French-Canadian separatists have resorted to violence.
glosses: A person who advocates or seeks the splitting of one country or territory into two politically independent countries or territories.
separatist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛpəɹətɪst/
Etymology: From separate + -ist.
Senses: glosses: Advocating ecclesiastical separation.
examples: text: He is a Scottish nationalist and has a large collection of separatist literature.
glosses: Advocating or seeking the separation of one country or territory into two politically independent countries or territories.
Related terms: separatism
jun-yusho
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jun-yusho
Etymology: From Japanese 準優勝 (jun-yūshō).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: The second-place position, behind yusho, at the end of a basho; often shared by more than one rikishi.
yusho
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Japanese 優勝 (“victory, championship”).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: The top-ranking position at the end of a basho; the championship.
Related terms: jun-yusho
zensho yusho
combining form
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: combining forms
Senses: examples: text: Common in English, where in some putative compounds, such as autocrat or technocrat, both members would be combining forms.
ref: 2007, P. H. Matthews, “combining form”, in The concise Oxford dictionary of linguistics, 2nd edition, Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 63–64:
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A type of word part; a bound morpheme; used in combination with a word, a different combining form, or an affix to form a new word.
examples: text: As far as possible this specification uses non-combining characters, however, in the cases tdot, TripleDot and DotDot Unicode only has combining forms of the accents, and so the entity replacement text starts with a space, to avoid the possibility that the expansion of the entity combines with preceding text.
ref: 2014 April 10, “XML Entity Definitions for Characters (2nd Edition)”, in David Carlisle, Patrick Ion, editors, w3.org, World Wide Web Consortium, retrieved 22 Mar 2015:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
media
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
publishing
sciences
typography
glosses: A character encoded from a sequence of other characters instead of a precomposed character.
Synonyms: word: combining form
Related terms: word: linguistics
word: morphology
word: Anglo-
word: biblio-
word: bio-
word: chrono-
word: electro-
word: geo-
word: hemato-
word: mechano-
word: nucleo-
word: techno-
word: thermo-
word: -archy
word: -centric
word: -cephalic
word: -cracy
word: -metre
word: -philia
word: -phobia
word: -graphy
word: -logy
word: :Category:English prefixes
word: :Category:English suffixes
beya
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: beya
Etymology: Resulting from rendaku.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: Alternative form of heya.
bintsuke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: binzuke
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 鬢付け.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A wax, derived from soy, used in cosmetics, and to groom the topknot of a sekitori.
topknot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: topknots
Etymology: From top + knot.
Senses: examples: text: A great, stout servant girl, with cheeks as red as her topknot.
ref: 1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: A decorative knot of hair on the crown of the head, sometimes having ribbons or feathers.
glosses: A decorative headdress.
glosses: A crest or knot of feathers upon the head or top, as of a bird.
glosses: Any fish in one of several genera:
The New Zealand topknot, Notoclinus fenestratus
glosses: Any fish in one of several genera:
The Norwegian topknot, Phrynorhombus norvegicus
glosses: Any fish in one of several genera:
The brown topknot, Notoclinus compressus
glosses: Any fish in one of several genera:
Several species in the genus Zeugopterus
glosses: Any fish in one of several genera:
A small European flounder (Phrynorhombus regius, syn. Rhombus punctatus).
Derived terms: topknot pigeon
Related terms: sense: hair
word: bun
sense: hair
word: man-bun
chankonabe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese ちゃんこ鍋 (chankonabe).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: The staple diet of rikishi: a stew of meat, seafood and vegetables.
Synonyms: chanko
chanko nabe
chaya
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chayas
Etymology: From Japanese 茶屋 (chaya).
Senses: glosses: A teahouse in Japan.
chaya
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Spanish chaya.
Senses: glosses: A large, fast-growing leafy perennial Mexican shrub which is popular in Mexico and Central America as a leafy vegetable, cooked and eaten like spinach, from species Cnidoscolus aconitifolius or Cnidoscolus chayamansa.
Synonyms: tree spinach
Related terms: chaya root
chaya
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chayah
form: haya
form: hayah
Etymology: From Hebrew חַיָּה (khayá, “alive”).
Senses: glosses: One of the cabalistic aspects of the soul, related to the personality.
Coordinate terms: nefesh
neshama
neshamah
ruach
yechidah
teahouse
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtiˌhaʊs/
Forms: form: teahouses
form: tea house
form: tea-house
Etymology: From tea + house.
Senses: glosses: A cafe or restaurant that serves tea, usually with light food.
synonyms: tearoom
glosses: a public lavatory, particularly (dated US gay slang) as a meeting place for gay men.
Synonyms: sense: cafe
word: tearoom
word: tea room
word: teashop
word: tea shop
word: pub
Hypernyms: english: structurally
translation: structurally
word: house
tea house
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tea houses
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of teahouse.
chikara gami
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Japanese 力紙 (chikara-gami, “strength paper”).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: Sheets of paper used by rikishi to wipe their lips after the ritual cleansing with chikara mizu.
chikara mizu
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Japanese 力水 (chikara mizu, “strength water”).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: Water used by rikishi to ritually cleanse the mouth before a match.
Related terms: chikara gami
chonmage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chonmage
Etymology: From Japanese 丁髷 (chonmage).
Senses: examples: text: That the actors portraying samurai wear headpieces in the traditional “chonmage” style, in which a ponytail is folded back over the top of the head, creates a sense of androgynous uniformity. (Mitsuteru Okuyama did the wigs.)
ref: 2022 October 24, Elisabeth Vincentelli, “‘Chushingura — 47 Ronin’ Review: A Sprawling Tale of Loyalty”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A traditional Japanese topknot haircut worn by men, traditionally associated with samurai and more recently with sumo wrestlers.
daigappei
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: daigappei
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 大合併.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: a jungyo tour that features all the rikishi of jonidan rank or higher
jonidan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Japanese 序二段.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: The division of sumo wrestlers above jonokuchi and below sandanme, containing the highest number of rikishi.
jonokuchi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jonokuchi
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 序ノ口.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A member of the lowest division of sumo wrestlers (below jonidan) to which new recruits are promoted after their first tournament.
sandanme
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 三段目.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: the division of sumo wrestlers above jonidan and below makushita
dolmen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: dōl′mən
enpr: dŏl′-
ipa: /ˈdəʊ̯l.mən/
ipa: /ˈdɒl-/
note: older
ipa: /ˈdɔːl-/
ipa: /ˈdoʊ̯l.mən/
ipa: /ˈdɑl-/
note: without the cot–caught merger
ipa: /ˈdɔl-/
note: without the cot–caught merger
ipa: /ˈdɒl-/
ipa: /ˈdəʉ̯l.mən/
ipa: /ˈdɔl-/
ipa: /ˈdɐʉ̯l.mən/
ipa: /ˈdɒl-/
ipa: /ˈdol.mən/
ipa: /ˈdɔl-/
ipa: /ˈɖoːl.men/
ipa: /ˈɖɔl-/
rhymes: -əʊlmən
rhymes: -ɒlmən
homophone: dolman
Forms: form: dolmens
Etymology: Borrowed from French dolmen. Perhaps incorrectly fabricated from Breton taol maen (taol (“table”) + maen (“stone”)) (the correct compound would be *taolvaen, not **daolmaen). See also menhir.
Senses: qualifier: strictly
glosses: A prehistoric megalithic tomb consisting of a capstone supported by two or more upright stones, most having originally been covered with earth or smaller stones to form a barrow.
glosses: Any megalithic tomb, including passage graves and wedge tombs.
Synonyms: cromlech
portal tomb
quoit
Related terms: cairn
menhir
danpatsushiki
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: danpatsushiki
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 断髪式 (danpatsushiki).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: The ceremony in which the topknot of a retiring rikishi is cut off.
horse-drawn
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: horsedrawn
Senses: examples: text: The trains were going at something less than 20 miles an hour. That doesn't sound much to us, [...] But a fast horse-drawn carriage at the time moved at only 10 miles an hour.
ref: 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 41, The Metropolitan Railway:
text: Only three horse-drawn barges remain in England, and this is the last in the West Country.
ref: 2016, Hilary Bradt, Janice Booth, Slow Travel East Devon & The Jurassic Coast, page 84:
glosses: Pulled along by one or more horses.
raw_tags: of a vehicle
intai-zumo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: intai-zumo
Etymology: From Japanese 引退相撲 (intai-zumō, literally “retirement sumo”).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A one-day exhibition tournament to commemorate the retirement of a salaried rikishi.
degeiko
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: degeiko
Etymology: From Japanese 出稽古.
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: A practice session between rikishi of competing heya.
separating funnel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: separating funnels
Senses: glosses: a piece of laboratory glassware in which the components of a mixture are partitioned between two immiscible liquids
Related terms: solvent extraction
deshi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: deshis
form: deshi
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 弟子 (deshi, “disciple, pupil”).
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
sumo
war
wrestling
glosses: a member of a heya ("stable"); trained by its shisho
examples: text: At eight years of age Kichitaro[u] was placed as disciple (_deshi_) at the Jo[u]shinji of Fukagawa.
ref: 1917, James S. Benneville, The Yotsuya Kwaidan, Reprint edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2006:
text: After him came several deshi, or followers he had mentored.
ref: 2008 September 8, Richard Halloran, “Japan’s rapid succession of prime ministers belies its global role”, in Taipei Times, Taipai, page 9:
glosses: disciple, mentee, follower
Derived terms: ani-deshi
uchi-deshi