cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
tome
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: tōm
ipa: /təʊm/
enpr: tōm
ipa: /toʊm/
rhymes: -əʊm
Forms: form: tomes
Etymology: From Middle French tome, from Latin tomus (“section of larger work”), from Ancient Greek τόμος (tómos, “section, roll of papyrus, volume”), from τέμνω (témnō, “I cut, separate”).
Senses: glosses: One in a series of volumes.
examples: text: The professor pulled a dusty old tome from the bookshelf.
text: And Sam presents Tyrion with A Song Of Ice And Fire, a tome in which Tyrion’s own role, far from that of the clever hero or Machiavellian snake, doesn’t even exist.
ref: 2019 May 19, Alex McLevy, “The final Game Of Thrones brings a pensive but simple meditation about stories (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 22 May 2019:
text: One senses, picking up Twenge’s tome — 515 pages before you get to the appendix — an attempt to quell past criticisms. “I see this book as my magnum opus,” she said.
ref: 2023 April 20, Casey Schwartz, “Jean Twenge is ready to make you defend your generation again”, in The Washington Post:
synonyms: word: doorstop
glosses: A large or scholarly book.
Tony
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtoʊni/
ipa: /ˈtəʊni/
rhymes: -əʊni
Etymology: Clipping of Anthony /Antony.
The statuettes awarded by the American Theatre Wing are formally known as “Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre”; they are named for Antoinette Perry (1888–1946), an actress, director, producer and co-founder of the American Theatre Wing, who was nicknamed Tony.
Senses: examples: text: For a micromoon and Friday the 13th full moon to occur together is extraordinarily rare. The last time it happened was in 1832 and it won't happen again for more than 500 years according to Tony Rice, a meteorologist and engineer at NASA.
ref: 2019 September 13, Matthew Cappucci, “For the first time in 13 years, a full moon rises this Friday the 13th”, in The Washington Post, archived from the original on 29 Oct 2020:
glosses: A male given name, a short form of Anthony/Antony
glosses: A female given name.
glosses: A surname transferred from the given name
Related terms: Newton Tony
Tony
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtoʊni/
ipa: /ˈtəʊni/
rhymes: -əʊni
Forms: form: Tonys
form: Tonies
Etymology: Clipping of Anthony /Antony.
The statuettes awarded by the American Theatre Wing are formally known as “Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre”; they are named for Antoinette Perry (1888–1946), an actress, director, producer and co-founder of the American Theatre Wing, who was nicknamed Tony.
Senses: examples: text: She was first nominated for a Tony in 1990 for “The Grapes of Wrath,” and she was nominated again, in 1996, for “Buried Child” — both times for best featured actress in a play.
ref: 2021 September 26, Sarah Bahr, “Lois Smith is the oldest performer to win a Tony.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
coordinate_terms: Oscar
glosses: Any of the statuettes awarded by the American Theatre Wing.
tooter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtuːtə(ɹ)/
homophone: tutor (yod-dropping)
rhymes: -uːtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: tooters
Etymology: From toot + -er.
Senses: examples: text: "Gimme the tooter." Dan took the tin dinner-horn, but paused before he blew.
ref: 1897, Rudyard Kipling, chapter 8, in Captains Courageous:
glosses: A person or device that toots; a pipe or horn, or the person who plays it.
glosses: A straw used to inhale cocaine.
glosses: The anus.
Derived terms: the rooter to the tooter
Related terms: english: etymologically unrelated
translation: etymologically unrelated
word: the tooter the sweeter
Torah
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: tôrə
ipa: /ˈtɔːɹə/
ipa: [ˈtʊɹɑ]
rhymes: -ɔːɹə
Forms: form: the Torah
form: Toráh
form: Torāh
form: Tōrāh
Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew תּוֹרָה (tōrā, “instruction, law or teaching”).
Senses: examples: text: Holonyms: Tanakh, Hebrew Bible, Jewish Bible, Septuagint
text: Tradition holds that the Torah was handed down to Moses on Mount Sinai.
text: The Jews were denying that the punishment was stoning, and Muhammad demanded to see a copy of the Torah and that it be read to him. The ruling that prescribed stoning the adulterer was in the Torah for all to see, and Muhammad was vindicated. Al-Biqāʿī also cites a different version of the same report in which Muhammad placed the Torah on a cushion as a sign of respect.
ref: 2008, Walid A. Saleh, “A Fifteenth-Century Muslim Hebraist: Al-Biqāʿī and His Defense of Using the Bible to Interpret the Qurʾān”, in Speculum, volume 83, number 3, The University of Chicago Press, page 644:
text: Services during Yom Kippur are held continuously through the day and include readings from the Torah and the reciting of prayers expressing regret or asking for forgiveness.
ref: 2019 October 8, Christina Maxouris and Doug Criss, “Everything you wanted to know about Yom Kippur”, in CNN:
synonyms: Books of Moses
Chumash
Law
Pentateuch
meronyms: Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
coordinate_terms: Ketuvim
Nevi'im
glosses: The first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, traditionally attributed to Moses and therefore also known as the Five Books of Moses.
examples: text: It says in the Torah that both gossip and murder cause irreparable damage.
glosses: The full body of written Jewish law, including the Tanakh, the Talmud, the Mishnah and the midrashic texts.
glosses: The whole of Jewish law, both written and unwritten.
glosses: The encompassing philosophy of Judaism.
Derived terms: D'var Torah
Oral Torah
Torahic
Written Torah
Torah
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: tôrə
ipa: /ˈtɔːɹə/
ipa: [ˈtʊɹɑ]
rhymes: -ɔːɹə
Forms: form: Torahs
form: Torot
form: Toroth
form: Toráh
form: Torāh
form: Tōrāh
Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew תּוֹרָה (tōrā, “instruction, law or teaching”).
Senses: examples: text: Holonyms: Old Testament, Tanakh
text: An anonymous donor has provided us with a lovely new Torah.
synonyms: Sefer Torah
coordinate_terms: Talmud
glosses: A specially written scroll containing the five books of Moses, such as those used in religious services.
examples: text: There was a lovely leather-bound Torah on the bookshelf.
glosses: A book containing the five books of Moses.
toroid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: toroids
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A surface generated by a closed curve (especially a circle) rotating about, but not intersecting or containing, an axis in its own plane.
glosses: A ring-shaped object whose surface is a torus.
Related terms: toroidal
torr
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: torrs
Etymology: From Middle English torr, from Old English torr.
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of tor.
torr
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: torrs
form: torr
form: Torr
Etymology: Clipping of Torricelli; named after Italian physicist Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647), who discovered the principle of the barometer.
Senses: topics: metrology
synonyms: word: Torr
word: millimeter of mercury
english: not exactly synonyms, but practically equal
translation: not exactly synonyms, but practically equal
glosses: A unit of pressure that is equal to approximately 0.001316 atmospheres or 133.3 pascals.
Related terms: tor
Tor
TOR
Tory
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɔː.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈtoɹ.i/
rhymes: -ɔːɹi
Forms: form: Tories
Etymology: From Irish tóraí (“pursuer”), from tóir (“pursuit”). The first recorded use in English is from a 1646 letter by James Butler, Earl of Ormond, to a Colonel O'Brien, describing bandits and thieves on main roadways.
Senses: topics: government
politics
synonyms: Conservative
antonyms: Whig
glosses: A member or supporter of the Conservative Party, which evolved from Royalist politicians; historically associated with upholding the rights of the monarchy and the privileges of the established Church.
synonyms: conservative
small-c conservative
glosses: One who is like a British Tory; someone politically conservative.
examples: text: The latest Tory budget continued the trend begun in 2000 by making further small cuts in family income taxes.
ref: 2008, David Mutimer, Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs 2002, page 220:
topics: government
politics
synonyms: Conservative
Progressive Conservative
PC
P.C.
glosses: A member or supporter of the Conservative Party of Canada, one of that party's predecessors, or an affiliated provincial political party.
antonyms: Exclusioner
glosses: A member of the political factions that sought to prevent the exclusion of James, Duke of York, from the throne of England in the 17th century.
glosses: An Irish rebel fighting against English rule at the end of the Confederate War and Cromwellian invasion; later extended to other rebels or bandits.
synonyms: loyalist
Loyalist
United Empire Loyalist
antonyms: Whig
glosses: A loyal British subject during the American Revolution.
glosses: A Union sympathizer in the Confederate States during the American Civil War.
Derived terms: blue Tory
red Tory
Tartan Tory
Torify
Toryfy
Tory Democracy
Tory-Irish
Toryish
Toryism
Tory-Radical
Tory-Williamite
Tory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɔː.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈtoɹ.i/
rhymes: -ɔːɹi
Etymology: From Irish tóraí (“pursuer”), from tóir (“pursuit”). The first recorded use in English is from a 1646 letter by James Butler, Earl of Ormond, to a Colonel O'Brien, describing bandits and thieves on main roadways.
Senses: topics: government
politics
glosses: Of or belonging to the Tory Party or the Conservative Party.
topics: government
politics
glosses: Of or belonging to the Conservative Party of Canada, one of that party's predecessors, or an affiliated provincial political party.
Related terms: Whig
Tory
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɔː.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈtoɹ.i/
rhymes: -ɔːɹi
Etymology: Short for Victoria when used as a female name, and for Victor or Salvatore when used as a male name.
Senses: glosses: A female given name.
glosses: A male given name.
Tory
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɔː.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈtoɹ.i/
rhymes: -ɔːɹi
Senses: glosses: Ellipsis of Tory Island, County Donegal, Ireland.
tousle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtaʊ.zəl/
ipa: /ˈtaʊ.səl/
rhymes: -aʊzəl
Forms: form: tousles
form: tousling
form: tousled
form: tousled
form: touzle
form: toozle
form: towsle
form: towzle
form: tussle
Etymology: From Middle English touselen, equivalent to touse + -le.
Senses: glosses: To put into disorder; to tumble; to touse; to muss.
tousle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtaʊ.zəl/
ipa: /ˈtaʊ.səl/
rhymes: -aʊzəl
Forms: form: tousles
form: touzle
form: toozle
form: towsle
form: towzle
form: tussle
Etymology: From Middle English touselen, equivalent to touse + -le.
Senses: examples: text: Cassie reached over and gave Sammy's dark hair a tousle.
ref: 2015, Carla Cassidy, A Real Cowboy, page 264:
glosses: The action of ruffling or setting in disorder.
Derived terms: tousle-haired
tousle-headed
touter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -aʊtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: touters
Etymology: From tout + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who seeks customers, as for an inn, a public conveyance, shops, etc.: hence, an obtrusive candidate for office.
towhee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈtoʊhiː/
Forms: form: towhees
Etymology: Imitative of the call of the eastern towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus.
Senses: glosses: Any of several species of birds of the genera Pipilo and Melozone.
Derived terms: Abert's towhee
green-tailed towhee
trawl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹɔːl/
ipa: /tɹɔl/
ipa: /tɹɑl/
rhymes: -ɔːl
homophone: troll (some dialects)
Forms: form: trawls
Etymology: 16th century, borrowed from Dutch tragelen (“to pull with a towline, trawl”), from Middle Dutch traghelen, from traghel (“dragnet”) (presumably from Latin tragula (“dragnet”)), and as such root-cognate with English drag and dray.
Senses: glosses: A net or dragnet used for trawling.
glosses: A long fishing line having many short lines bearing hooks attached to it; a setline.
Derived terms: pelagic trawl
trawl whiting
trawlwire
trawl
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹɔːl/
ipa: /tɹɔl/
ipa: /tɹɑl/
rhymes: -ɔːl
homophone: troll (some dialects)
Forms: form: trawls
form: trawling
form: trawled
form: trawled
Etymology: 16th century, borrowed from Dutch tragelen (“to pull with a towline, trawl”), from Middle Dutch traghelen, from traghel (“dragnet”) (presumably from Latin tragula (“dragnet”)), and as such root-cognate with English drag and dray.
Senses: examples: text: The fisherman went out to trawl the deep sea for shrimp.
glosses: To take (fish or other marine animals) with a trawl.
examples: text: They used a large net to trawl for fish along the coast.
glosses: To fish from a slow-moving boat.
examples: text: We need to trawl through the data to find meaningful patterns.
glosses: To make an exhaustive search for something within a defined area.
Related terms: troll
trimer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: trimers
Etymology: From tri- + -mer.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
hypernyms: oligomer
;
molecule
;
compound
coordinate_terms: monomer
dimer
tetramer
pentamer
hexamer
heptamer
septamer
octamer
nonamer
decamer
;
polymer
glosses: An oligomer composed of three monomers.
Related terms: trimeric
trimerous
trimery
triode
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹaɪ.əʊd/
ipa: /ˈtɹaɪ.oʊd/
rhymes: -aɪəʊd
Forms: form: triodes
Etymology: From tri- + -ode.
Senses: glosses: A thermionic valve containing an anode, a cathode, and a control grid; small changes to the charge on the grid control the flow from cathode to anode, which makes amplification possible.
Related terms: diode
pentode
troika
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɔɪ.kə/
Forms: form: troikas
form: troiki
Etymology: From Russian тро́йка (trójka, “a group of three”).
Senses: examples: text: A great writer of the last epoch, comparing Russia to a swift troika galloping to an unknown goal, exclaims 'Oh, troika, birdlike troika, who invented thee!' and adds, in proud ecstasy, that all the peoples of the world stand aside respectfully to make way for the recklessly galloping troika to pass.
ref: 1880, Constance Garnett, chapter VI, in The Brothers Karamazov, book XII, translation of original by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, page 787:
text: When Gogol wrote his great passage on the troika speeding across the steppes, he likened it to Russia itself, advancing across the earth.
ref: 1960, Lesley Blanch, The Sabres of Paradise: Conquest and Vengeance in the Caucasus, Tauris Parke Paperbacks, published 2006, →ISBN, page 145:
text: Travelling part of the way by rail and the remainder by troika, he reached Orenburg shortly before Christmas.
ref: 1990, Peter Hopkirk, The Great Game: On Secret Service in High Asia, Oxford University Press, published 2001, →ISBN, page 367:
glosses: A Russian carriage drawn by a team of three horses abreast.
examples: text: The investigator suspected the poor dead bastards were just a vodka troika that had cheerily frozen to death.
ref: 1981, Martin Cruz Smith, Gorky Park, Ballantine Books, published 2007, →ISBN, page 3:
text: The bare troika of Boolean operators brought them into metaphorical being.
ref: 1995, Richard Powers, Galatea 2.2, New York, N.Y.: Farrar Straus Giroux, →ISBN, page 71:
text: “He said, 'Let me get the best people.' And that's what he did. He got John Kalodner and Gary Gersh and Tom Zutaut, and they became stars in their own right.” Over the ensuing decade, that troika of talent-finders would bring a host of multiplatinum artists—from Cher and Aerosmith to Guns N' Roses and Nirvana—to Geffen.
ref: 2006, Barney Hoskyns, Hotel California: The True-Life Adventures of Crosby, Stills, Nash, Young, Mitchell, Taylor, Browne, Ronstadt, Geffen, the Eagles, and Their Many Friends, John Wiley & Sons, published 2006, →ISBN, page 265:
text: No longer is the best picture going to be a toss-up between that troika of national-historical heavies: Argo, Lincoln and Zero Dark Thirty.
ref: 2013 January 11, Tom Shone, “Oscar nominations pull a surprise by showing some taste — but will it last?”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A party or group of three, especially a ruling council of three people in Soviet or Russian contexts.
Synonyms: sense: group of three
word: threesome
word: triad
word: trio
sense: council of three
word: government
Coordinate terms: sense: council of three
word: government
trompe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: trompes
Etymology: From French trompe. Doublet of trump and tulumba.
Senses: glosses: A trumpet; a trump.
glosses: Alternative form of tromp (“blowing apparatus in a forge”).
tuber
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: r
enpr: tyo͞oʹbə
ipa: /ˈtjuːbə(ɹ)/
note: r
enpr: to͞oʹbə
ipa: /ˈtubɚ/
rhymes: -uːbə(ɹ)
Forms: form: tubers
form: tubera
Etymology: From Latin tūber (“bump, hump, swelling”).
Senses: glosses: A fleshy, thickened underground stem of a plant, usually containing stored starch, for example a potato or arrowroot.
topics: agriculture
business
horticulture
lifestyle
glosses: A thickened rootstock.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A rounded, protuberant structure in a human or animal body.
Derived terms: storage tuber
supertuberation
tuber cinereum
tuber fleeceflower
tuberization
Related terms: tubercle
tubercular
tuber
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: r
enpr: tyo͞oʹbə
ipa: /ˈtjuːbə(ɹ)/
note: r
enpr: to͞oʹbə
ipa: /ˈtubɚ/
rhymes: -uːbə(ɹ)
Forms: form: tubers
Etymology: tube + -er
Senses: glosses: One who tubes.
tubule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtjuːbjuːl/
ipa: /ˈtubjul/
Forms: form: tubules
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin tubulus, diminutive of tubus.
Senses: examples: text: renal tubule
glosses: A small pipe or fistular body; a little tube.
Derived terms: connecting tubule
desmotubule
distal convoluted tubule
intertubule
macrotubule
Malpighian tubule
melanotubule
microtubule
Miescher's tubule
myotubule
nanotubule
neurotubule
pedotubule
proximal convoluted tubule
sarcotubule
seminiferous tubule
transverse tubule
T-tubule
T tubule
tubulation
tubulidentate
tubulitis
tubulization
tubulogenesis
tubulous
tubulure
tuff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌf/
rhymes: -ʌf
homophone: tough
Forms: form: tuffs
Etymology: From French tuffe, tuf, from Italian tufo, from Latin tōfus. Doublet of tufa.
Senses: examples: text: This is what makes an ignimbrite; the general term for this kind of volcaniclastic rock is ‘tuff’.
ref: 2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society, published 2011, page 9n:
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
petrology
synonyms: tufa
glosses: A light porous rock, now especially a rock composed of compacted volcanic ash varying in size from fine sand to coarse gravel.
Derived terms: tuff breccia
tufflava
tuff
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌf/
rhymes: -ʌf
homophone: tough
Forms: form: tuffer
form: tuffest
Senses: examples: text: Tuff Stuff teaches that while life may go smoothly most of the time, ...
ref: 1980, Joy Wilt Berry, Ernie Hergenroeder, Tuff Stuff: A Children's Book about Trauma, Educational Products Division, Word, Inc., →ISBN:
text: … yet never to make us so strong as the strongest of Men, whose Sinnews are tuffer, and Bones stronger, and Joints closer, and Flesh firmer, than ours are …
ref: 2000, Margaret Cavendish, “Preface to the Reader (1655)”, in Sylvia Bowerbank, Sara Mendelson, editors, Paper Bodies, →ISBN, page 139:
text: It was rave reviewed in the Caribbean Times as 'the ruffest, tuffest and the boo-yacka of all modern gangster novels'.
ref: 2003, Ronald Carter, The Routledge Guide to Modern English Writing (Language Arts), Routledge, →ISBN, page 96:
text: TUFF METER
ref: 2006, Paige Hemmis, The Tuff Chix Guide to Easy Home Improvement, Penguin, →ISBN, page 36:
text: Its Tuff-n-Tiny USB flash drive is about the size of a thumbnail. … The company insists that the "tuff" part of the name is well-earned for being waterproof, dustproof and you can drive a car over it.
ref: 2010 January 20, Robert J. Elisberg, “CES 2020 -- Ohm on the Range”, in Huffington Post, retrieved 14 Sep 2012:
text: Tuff Stuff Professional Wrestling
ref: 2011, Kristian Pope, Tuff Stuff Professional Wrestling Field Guide: Legend and Lore, Krause Publications, →ISBN:
glosses: Eye dialect spelling of tough.
tulle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tjuːl/
ipa: /tuːl/
ipa: /tʊl/
ipa: /tuːl/
rhymes: -uːl
rhymes: -ʊl
homophone: tool
Forms: form: tulles
Etymology: Borrowed from French tulle, named after French Tulle (a town), named after Latin Tūtēla (a Roman deity), from Latin tūtēla (whence English tutelary), from Latin tueor (whence tutor, tutorial).
Senses: examples: text: I kept thinking of Marie Osmond — standing there at the altar, so brave in white tull ^([sic]). "Marriage isn't just for life," she said, "it's for eternity."
ref: 1985 December 21, Larry Hitt, “Perfect Couple Creation”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 23, page 7:
text: ‘Before I forget, there is one turquoise tulle fabric I think you would love . . .’
ref: 2020, Abi Daré, The Girl With The Louding Voice, Sceptre, page 240:
glosses: A kind of silk lace or light netting, used for clothing, veils, etc.
tupelo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tupelos
Etymology: From Creek topilwa < íto 'tree' + opílwa 'swamp'.
Senses: glosses: Any of several trees of the genus Nyssa which grow in swampy regions on the eastern, southern and midwestern United States.
Nyssa aquatica.
glosses: Any of several trees of the genus Nyssa which grow in swampy regions on the eastern, southern and midwestern United States.
Nyssa multiflora, a North American tree of the dogwood family, with brilliant, glossy foliage and acid red berries.
Derived terms: large tupelo
swamp tupelo
tupelo-gum
water tupelo
turgid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɜː.d͡ʒɪd/
ipa: /ˈtɚ.d͡ʒɪd/
Forms: form: more turgid
form: most turgid
Etymology: From Latin turgidus (“swollen, inflated”), from turgeō (“to swell”).
Senses: examples: text: I have a turgid limb.
text: A vegetable that is fully moist and firm will seem both crisp and more tender than the same vegetable limp from water loss. When we bite down on a vegetable turgid with water, the already-stressed cell walls readily break and the cells burst open; in a limp vegetable, chewing compresses the walls together, and we have to exert much more pressure to break through them.
ref: 2004, Harold McGee, chapter 5, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:
synonyms: bloated
distended
inflated
swelled
swollen
tumescent
tumid
turgescent
glosses: Distended beyond the natural state by some internal agent, especially fluid, or expansive force.
glosses: Of a river, inundated with excess water as from a flood; swollen.
examples: text: These were all basic tenets, but the principals wrote them down as if they had never heard them before—and maybe they hadn’t, or at least not for many years. Perhaps that’s why bureaucratic prose becomes so turgid, whatever the bureaucracy.
ref: 1976, William Zinsser, On Writing Well, 30th Anniversary Edition, Kindle edition, Harper Perennial, published 2012, →ISBN, page 172:
text: Sounding rather suspiciously like Professor H. Bloom’s turgid studies of artistic influenza[…]
ref: 1996, David Foster Wallace, Infinite Jest […], Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, page 1077:
text: Published TV-scholarship sure reflects this mood. And the numbingly dull quality to most “literary” television analyses is due less to the turgid abstraction scholars employ to make television seem an OK object of aesthetic inquiry […]
ref: 1997, David Foster Wallace, “E Unibus Pluram: television and U.S. fiction”, in A Supposedly Fun Thing I'll Never Do Again, Kindle edition, Little, Brown Book Group:
synonyms: bombastic
grandiose
pompous
glosses: Overly complex and difficult to understand; grandiloquent; bombastic.
raw_tags: of language or style
Related terms: turgescence
turgescent
turgidity
turgidness
turgor
tusked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Middle English tuskyd; equivalent to tusk + -ed.
Senses: synonyms: betusked
tusky
glosses: Furnished with tusks; having tusks.
Derived terms: straight-tusked elephant
tusked frog
tusked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of tusk
tusker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tuskers
Etymology: From tusk + -er.
Senses: examples: text: By climbing trees they had had a fairly good view of the herd, which they described as numbering several large tuskers, a great many cows and calves, and full-grown bulls whose ivory would be worth having.
ref: 1913, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Return of Tarzan, New York: Ballantine Books, published 1963, page 130:
text: The massive tusker leading the herd stopped in his tracks. His ears went out, his long sinuous trunk up.
ref: 1928 June, Fred Graves, “Houdini of the Desert: Face to Face with Savage Elephants”, in Popular Science, page 19:
text: Negotiations to acquire a fine tusker from one young partner in another village fell through; so on the eve of the actual feast, Songi humiliated him by asking him to come to the feast as if he were the rival chief, the guest of honor. The man was deeply shamed by the invitation since he could not possibly reciprocate, and he had to send the tusker itself as payment for the invitation gifts.
ref: 1998, Alexander Moore, Cultural Anthropology: The Field Study of Human Beings, page 267:
glosses: An animal, such as a bull elephant or a boar, with large tusks.
tusker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tuskers
form: tuskar
form: toysker
form: tushkar
form: tushker
form: twiscar
Etymology: From Old Norse torfskeri, from torf (“turf”) + skera (“to cut”), whence also Scottish Gaelic tairsgear, toirsgear and later forms like toirsgein (assimilated to sgian (“knife”)). Known in print from the early 19th century, but doubtless much older.
Senses: glosses: A tool used in peat cutting, a type of spade similar to a cascrom.
tweeze
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /twiz/
rhymes: -iːz
Forms: form: tweezes
form: tweezing
form: tweezed
form: tweezed
Etymology: Back-formation from tweezers.
Senses: examples: text: Stamp-men tweeze their treasures to avoid smudging, wear, tear; to hold them up to the light or pick them out of benzine baths in search of watermarks.
ref: 1929 September 2, “Philatelists”, in Time:
text: He held his usual levee at his lodgings; he spent the usual hours washing and dressing; he rubbed his teeth with a red root, tweezed out hairs with a silver tweezer, tied his cravat to admiration, and issued at four precisely as perfectly equipped as if the Rue Royale had been St. James's Street and the Prince himself had hung upon his arm.
ref: 1930, Virginia Woolf, “Beau Brummell”, in The Common Reader: Second Series, published 1932:
glosses: To pluck or grasp using tweezers.
examples: text: Here Mrs. Lawrence had smiled to soften the anxiety of her blue eyes under their frowning, carefully tweezed brows.
ref: 1950, Anya Seton, chapter 1, in Foxfire, New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, page 4:
text: He’d run his lacquered, dusky pink index finger over his tweezed mustache and say […]
ref: 1988, Edmund White, chapter 3, in The Beautiful Room is Empty, New York: Vintage International, published 1994:
glosses: To shape by plucking out hairs with tweezers.
examples: text: Word to the wise: if you must tweeze solo, stick to plucking only the obvious stray hairs.
ref: 2012 November 16, Adriana Ermter, “How to get the perfect eyebrows: Four reasons to enlist a professional”, in Chatelaine:
glosses: To pluck out hairs using tweezers.
twiner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: twiners
Etymology: From twine + -er.
Senses: examples: text: a “twiner” of tales
ref: 2002, Marion Gibbs, Sidney M. Johnson, Medieval German Literature: A Companion (page 362)
glosses: One who or that which twines.
glosses: Any plant that twines about a support.
Related terms: liana
scrambler
vine
typic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From type + -ic.
Senses: glosses: Relating to a type.
Synonyms: typal
Related terms: typical
typify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɪpɪfaɪ/
Forms: form: typifies
form: typifying
form: typified
form: typified
Senses: examples: text: His attitude typifies the attitude of young people today.
glosses: To embody, exemplify; to represent by a form, image, model, or resemblance.
examples: text: The angry captain typified all new sailors as incompetent.
glosses: To portray stereotypically.
examples: text: The chosen specimen typifies plants belonging to that species.
topics: sciences
glosses: To serve as a typical or reference specimen of.
Related terms: type
typical
typically
typification
ulan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ulans
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of uhlan.
umber
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌmbə/
enpr: ŭmʹbər
ipa: /ˈʌmbɚ/
rhymes: -ʌmbə(ɹ)
Forms: form: umbers
form: umbre
Etymology: From Middle French ombre (“umber”), from terre d'ombre (“dark ochre”), from Old French umbre (“shade, shadow”), from Latin umbra. Doublet of umbra.
Senses: examples: text: I'll put myself in poor and mean attire,
And with a kind of umber smirch my face;
The like do you; so shall we pass along,
And never stir assailants.
ref: c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], lines 518-21:
glosses: A brown clay, somewhat darker than ochre, which contains iron and manganese oxides.
glosses: Alternative form of umbrere.
glosses: A grayling.
glosses: A dusky brown African wading bird (Scopus umbretta) allied to the shoebill and herons; a hamerkop.
Derived terms: burnt umber
Cologne umber
Cumbrian umber
olivaceous-umber
raw umber
umber bird
umber
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌmbə/
enpr: ŭmʹbər
ipa: /ˈʌmbɚ/
rhymes: -ʌmbə(ɹ)
Forms: form: umbre
Etymology: From Middle French ombre (“umber”), from terre d'ombre (“dark ochre”), from Old French umbre (“shade, shadow”), from Latin umbra. Doublet of umbra.
Senses: examples: text: Their harps are of the umber shade / That hides the blush of waking day.
ref: 1819, Joseph Rodman Drake, The Culprit Fay:
glosses: Of a reddish brown colour, like that of the pigment.
umber
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌmbə/
enpr: ŭmʹbər
ipa: /ˈʌmbɚ/
rhymes: -ʌmbə(ɹ)
Forms: form: umbers
form: umbering
form: umbered
form: umbered
form: umbre
Etymology: From Middle French ombre (“umber”), from terre d'ombre (“dark ochre”), from Old French umbre (“shade, shadow”), from Latin umbra. Doublet of umbra.
Senses: examples: text: Armies o'er armies heap'd, the locusts came,
Like clouds in autumn umbering all the sky […]
ref: 1807, Charles Hoyle, Exodus:
glosses: To give a reddish-brown colour to.
Derived terms: burnt umber
mottled umber
umber moth
umbra
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ŭmʹbrə
ipa: /ˈʌmbɹə/
rhymes: -ʌmbɹə
Forms: form: umbras
form: umbrae
form: umbræ
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin umbra (“shadow”). Doublet of umber.
Senses: glosses: The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: The fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object.
The area on the earth or moon experiencing the total phase of an eclipse.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: The central region of a sunspot.
glosses: A shadow.
glosses: An uninvited guest brought along by one who was invited.
glosses: One of the family Umbridae of mudminnows.
glosses: One of genus Umbrina of drums (family Sciaenidae).
examples: text: In order to set up such an algorithm, we need the notion of multiplicative inverse of an umbra. Two umbrae are said to be multiplicative inverse to each other when αγ ≡ u.
ref: 2009, Ernesto Damiani, Ottavio D'Antona, Vincenzo Marra, From Combinatorics to Philosophy: The Legacy of G.-C. Rota, (page 113)#:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: An element of the umbral calculus.
Coordinate terms: antumbra
penumbra
Derived terms: adumbrate
antumbra
Bernoulli umbra
penumbra
umbral
umbra recta
umbra versa
umbrella
unary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːnəɹi/
Etymology: From Latin ūnus (“one”) + -ary, on the pattern of binary, ternary, etc.
Senses: examples: text: Her work is a renunciation of the old narrative, a throwing away of the cotton reel, an enunciation of the unary signifier, fort, that is meaningless in itself.
ref: 1995, Becky McLaughlin, “Perverse Pleasure and Fetishized Text: The Deathly Erotics of Carter’s ‘The Bloody Chamber’”, in Style, volume 29, number 3, →JSTOR, page 219:
glosses: Consisting of or involving a single element or component.
examples: text: Negation is a unary operation.
text: Zadeh’s claim is that if the meaning of an expression (X) can be modeling by a fuzzy membership function variable, then the meaning of an expression such as “very X” is simply a membership function over the same variable determined by applying a unary operator to the membership function for X.
ref: 1990, Dominic A. Clark, “Verbal uncertainty expressions: A critical review of two decades of research”, in Current Psychology, volume 9, number 3, →DOI, page 229:
text: On the other hand, blank spaces should not be used for unary operators such as unary minus (−), address of (&), indirection (*), member access (.), increment (++), and decrement (−−).
ref: 2011, Robert Green, Henry Ledgard, “Coding Guidelines: Finding the Art in the Science”, in Communications of the ACM, volume 54, number 12, →DOI:
topics: computer
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: Of an operation, function, procedure, or logic gate, taking exactly one operand, argument, parameter, or input; having domain of dimension 1.
Derived terms: unary operation
unary operator
unary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːnəɹi/
Forms: form: unaries
Etymology: From Latin ūnus (“one”) + -ary, on the pattern of binary, ternary, etc.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The unary, or bijective base-1, numeral system.
topics: computing
engineering
information-theory
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Unary coding, an entropy encoding for natural numbers.
Coordinate terms: binary
ternary
uprise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: uprises
form: uprising
form: uprose
form: uprisen
Etymology: From Middle English uprisen, from Old English ūprīsan (“to rise up”), equivalent to up- + rise. Cognate with Icelandic upprisa (“resurrection”), Middle Low German oprīsinge (“uprising”). Compare also Icelandic uppreisn (“an uprising, revolt”).
Senses: examples: text: 1874, Marcus Clarke, For the Term of His Natural Life Chapter VI
The great sky uprose from this silent sea without a cloud. The stars hung low in its expanse, burning in a violent mist of lower ether.
text: With the day, though not so early as the sun, uprose Miss Susan Nipper.
ref: 1846 October 1 – 1848 April 1, Charles Dickens, Dombey and Son, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1848, →OCLC:
glosses: To rise; to get up.
examples: text: The voice grew faint: there came a further change; / Once more uprose the mystic mountain range: / Below were men and horses pierc'd with worms, / And slowly quickening into lower forms; […]
ref: 1842, Alfred Tennyson, “A Vision of Sin”, in The Complete Poetical Works of Alfred Tennyson, Chicago, Ill.: The Dominion Company, published 1897, →OCLC, stanza V, page 317:
glosses: To have an upward direction or inclination.
examples: text: They had decided to uprise rather than face punishment, and they wanted all the help they could get.
ref: 1998, William B. Griffen, Apaches at War and Peace, page 92:
glosses: To rebel or revolt; to take part in an uprising.
uprise
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uprises
Etymology: From Middle English uprisen, from Old English ūprīsan (“to rise up”), equivalent to up- + rise. Cognate with Icelandic upprisa (“resurrection”), Middle Low German oprīsinge (“uprising”). Compare also Icelandic uppreisn (“an uprising, revolt”).
Senses: examples: text: I told her of my sufferings and my madness,
And how, awakened from that dreamy mood
By Liberty’s uprise, the strength of gladness
Came to my spirit in my solitude; […]
ref: 1817 December, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Revolt of Islam. […]”, in [Mary] Shelley, editor, The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 283:
glosses: The act of rising; appearance above the horizon; rising.
Related terms: uprist
uranyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uranyls
Etymology: From uranium + -yl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The divalent radical UO₂²⁺, conveniently regarded as a residue of many uranium compounds.
Derived terms: phosphuranylite
uranyl carbonate
uranyl chloride
uranylic
uranyl nitrate
uranyl oxalate
uranyl oxide
uranyl phosphate
uranyl zinc acetate
zinc uranyl acetate
uremia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uremias
form: uraemia
form: uræmia
Etymology: From Ancient Greek οὖρον (oûron, “urine”) + αἷμα (haîma, “blood”).
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Blood poisoning resulting from the retention of waste products usually excreted as urine.
Synonyms: word: azotemia
word: hyperazotemia
alt: see azotemia § Usage notes
word: hyperuremia
Derived terms: uræmic
uraemic
uremic
vail
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /veɪl/
rhymes: -eɪl
homophone: vale
homophone: veil
homophone: Vail
Forms: form: vails
Etymology: From Middle English vayle, from Old French vail, from valoir (“to be worth”), from Latin valeō (“I am worth”).
Senses: examples: text: My house is as t’were the Caue, where the yong Out-lawe hoords the stolne vayles of his occupation […]
ref: 1605, George Chapman, Ben Jonson, John Marston, Eastward Hoe, London: William Aspley, act II, scene 2:
glosses: Profit; return; proceeds.
examples: text: Do you remember, how many Rich Gowns and Petticoats, how many lac’d Pinners, Hoods, Scarfs, and Nightrails, I have given you, since the three Years you have serv’d me, together with many other Vails, Perquisites, and Profits you have enjoy’d in my Service?
ref: 1696, John Dryden, The Husband His Own Cuckold, London: J. Tonson, act I, scene 1, page 9:
text: […] it is a maxim among the gentlemen of our cloth, that those masters who promise the most, perform the least; and I have often heard them say, they have found the largest vails in those families where they were not promised any.
ref: 1742, Henry Fielding, Joseph Andrews, London: Harrison & Co., published 1780, Volume I, Book 2, Chapter 16, p. 91:
glosses: Money given to servants by visitors; a gratuity; also vale.
vail
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /veɪl/
rhymes: -eɪl
homophone: vale
homophone: veil
homophone: Vail
Forms: form: vails
Etymology: From Middle English valen; either from Anglo-Norman valer or a clipping of avalen. Compare avale.
Senses: glosses: Submission.
vail
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /veɪl/
rhymes: -eɪl
homophone: vale
homophone: veil
homophone: Vail
Forms: form: vails
Senses: examples: text: Ha! I see Venus’ transit now;—lo! a new planet there;—and behind all, an infinite starry nebulousness, as if thy being were backgrounded by some spangled vail of mystery.
ref: 1852, Herman Melville, Pierre; or The Ambiguities:
glosses: Archaic form of veil.
glosses: Misspelling of veil.
vail
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /veɪl/
rhymes: -eɪl
homophone: vale
homophone: veil
homophone: Vail
Forms: form: vails
form: vailing
form: vailed
form: vailed
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of veil.
glosses: Misspelling of veil.
valine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: valines
Etymology: From valerian + -ine.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: An essential amino acid 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid found in most animal proteins.
Synonyms: Val
Derived terms: isovaline
norvaline
vamp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /væmp/
rhymes: -æmp
Forms: form: vamps
Etymology: Clipping of vampire. From a character type developed first for silent film, notably for Theda Bara's role in the 1915 film A Fool There Was.
The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: examples: text: It is the vamp who has a sense of humor that can really hold a man. She laughs at him, even as she is seeking to allure him—and he adores it.
ref: 1919 June, Renee Van Dyke, “Interesting Paragraphs about the Players”, in Geo[rge] M. Downs, Jr., editor, The Photo-play World, volume 2, number 8, Philadelphia, Pa.: The Downs Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 59, column 3:
text: She was got up to the best of her ability as a siren, more popularly a "vamp"—a picker up and thrower away of men, an unscrupulous and fundamentally unmoved toyer with affections.
ref: 1922, F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald, “The Connoisseur of Kisses”, in The Beautiful and Damned, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, book 1, page 95:
text: "Lady Miriam?" said Jarvis in surprise. "Oh, yes. … I suppose you mean that she looks a queer sort of vamp. But you've no notion what even the ladies of the best families are looking like nowadays.[…]"
ref: 1927 September, G[ilbert] K[eith] Chesterton, “The Actor and the Alibi”, in The Secret of Father Brown, London; Toronto, Ont.: Cassell and Company, →OCLC, page 148:
text: Well, her seclusion is considered suspicious. She annoys them by being good-looking and even what is called good style. And all the young men are warned against her as a vamp.
ref: 1936, G[ilbert] K[eith] Chesterton, “The Vampire of the Village”, in The Penguin Complete Father Brown, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, London: Penguin Books, published 1985, →OCLC, page 707:
text: […]strait-laced Sandy, played by Olivia Newton-John, transformed herself into a vamp to bag the man of her dreams
ref: 2021 January 2, Katie Hind, “Grease is 'racist, rapey, homophobic and slut-shaming' and should never be shown on TV again, say woke snowflakes”, in The Daily Mail:
glosses: A flirtatious, seductive woman, especially one who exploits men by using their sexual desire for her; femme fatale.
examples: text: The leader of the vampire cult (played by Ramon D'Salva) leads his cult of fellow vamps in an attack against some nasty werewolves.
ref: 1992, Robert Marrero, Dracula: The Vampire Legend on Film, 1st American edition, Key West, Fla.: Fantasma Books, →ISBN, page 20, column 2:
glosses: A vampire.
Synonyms: word: enchantress
word: femme fatale
word: man-eater
word: mantrap
word: seductress
word: she-wolf
word: siren
word: temptress
word: vamp
word: vixen
word: wolfess
Hypernyms: word: woman
word: beautiful woman
word: dandyess
word: seductor
word: tempter
Hyponyms: word: coquette
word: flirt
Derived terms: baby vamp
psivamp
vampdar
vampdom
vampette
vampish
vampling
vamptastic
Related terms: word: promiscuous woman
vamp
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /væmp/
rhymes: -æmp
Forms: form: vamps
form: vamping
form: vamped
form: vamped
Etymology: Clipping of vampire. From a character type developed first for silent film, notably for Theda Bara's role in the 1915 film A Fool There Was.
The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: examples: text: We want a musical-comedy star to vamp a Senator or a member of the Cabinet; we want the protective tariff revised up or down because of an actress' whim; we want scarlet scandal in high life. And we are not likely to get them.
ref: 1926 November, Gilbert Seldes, “Exit the Poor Actor!: Out at Elbow No Longer, Our Players To-day are among America’s Most Prosperous Citizens”, in Arthur Hornblow, editor, Theatre Magazine, volume XLIV, number 308, New York, N.Y.: Theatre Magazine Company, →OCLC, page 58, column 4:
text: "People who lose all their charity generally lose all their logic," remarked Father Brown. "It's rather ridiculous to complain that she keeps to herself; and then accuse her of vamping the whole male population."
ref: 1936, G[ilbert] K[eith] Chesterton, “The Vampire of the Village”, in The Penguin Complete Father Brown, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, London: Penguin Books, published 1985, →OCLC, page 707:
text: She smiled again. Batted her lashes and laid down a few more mascara tracks. Vamping in order to maintain composure.
ref: 1990 October, Jonathan Kellerman, chapter 27, in Time Bomb, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 321:
text: She vamps this month on the cover of British Vogue, a portrait of artfully crafted provocation.
ref: 2021 May 4, Ruth La Ferla, “On That Bombshell Billie Eilish Cover for British Vogue”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: To seduce or exploit someone.
examples: text: If I knew what I know now before I got vamped, I'd do the same thing.
ref: 2004, David Sosnowski, Vamped: A Novel, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 277:
text: Astonishing how few peasants and regular people got vamped back in the olden days, when it wasn't regulated.
ref: 2012, Justine Larbalestier, Sarah Rees Brennan, Team Human, Harper Collins, →ISBN:
text: Nobody ever got the drop on Shades, not even when he was alive, and certainly not in the fifty years since he got vamped.
ref: 2017, Keith R. A. DeCandido, Blackout, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
topics: fiction
literature
media
publishing
glosses: To turn (someone) into a vampire.
examples: text: I'm planning to vamp real hard at Friday night's party.
glosses: To cosplay a vampire.
vamp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /væmp/
rhymes: -æmp
Forms: form: vamps
Etymology: Uncertain; possibly related to vamp (etymology 1, above): see the 2008 quotation.
Senses: examples: text: John Mackin is one of the old-timers of the new Department. He was a volunteer fireman as well, […] John Mackin was among the number of "old vamps" who made application to the first Board of Fire Commissioners for appointment in the Paid Department.
ref: 1892, “Companies of the Seventh District”, in Our Firemen: The Official History of the Brooklyn Fire Department, from the First Volunteer to the Latest Appointee. Compiled from the Records of the Department, Brooklyn, New York, N.Y.: [Brooklyn Fire Department], →OCLC, page 371:
text: The vamps had to carry their equipment to the fire on foot!
ref: 2000, “History of the Atlanta Fire Department”, in History of Service: Atlanta Fire Department Commemorative Yearbook, Paducah, Ky.: Turner Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 25, column 1:
text: Volunteer firemen are called vamps because they often went to fires on foot, vamp being an old English word for "walk." Syosset's first vamps responded quickly to fires and formed bucket brigades to extinguish them.
ref: 2008, John Delin, “The Vamps, Syosset’s Bravest”, in Syosset People and Places (Images of America), Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, →ISBN, page 88:
glosses: A volunteer firefighter.
Synonyms: word: enchantress
word: femme fatale
word: man-eater
word: mantrap
word: seductress
word: she-wolf
word: siren
word: temptress
word: vamp
word: vixen
word: wolfess
Hypernyms: word: woman
word: beautiful woman
word: dandyess
word: seductor
word: tempter
Hyponyms: word: coquette
word: flirt
Related terms: word: promiscuous woman
vamper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvæmpə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -æmpə(ɹ)
Forms: form: vampers
Etymology: From vamp + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Cibber, a vamper of other men’s plays, has borrowed from it his favourite Nonjuror, and applied it to the purposes of a political party.
ref: 1833, Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (Great Britain), The Gallery of Portraits: With Memoirs, Charles Knight, London, page 98
glosses: One who vamps; one who creates or repairs by piecing old things together; a cobbler.