cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
dust bunny
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌst bʌni/
Forms: form: dust bunnies
Senses: examples: text: WASHINGTON: The common American household Dust Bunny has been designated as an endangered species, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USF&WS) announced last week. "The widespread use of household cleaning products and devices has drastically reduced the habitat of the Dust Bunny," said Noah Present, Acting Director of the Endangered Species Program. "American homes are cleaned too frequently, and much better than in the past." / "We are not to blame for the improper use of our products," responded a spokesman for the Household Products Association. "Correctly used, many of the Dust Bunnies should survive."
ref: 2008, Hugh A. Holub, “Dust Bunnies Designated Endangered Species: 25% of Homes Declared Critical Habitat”, in Deer Seen as Terrorist Threat and Other Stories, [Raleigh, N.C.]: Lulu, →ISBN, page 83:
text: About 3.6 billion years ago, the sun and its planets coalesced from a cloud of stellar debris, probably helped along by the push from the explosion of a nearby supernova. The particles of cosmic dust began sticking together by static electricity, the same force that forms dust bunnies under your bed. Eventually, the particles got big enough for gravity to start pulling more pieces together.
ref: 2016 August 28, Dale Gnidovec, “Geology: Chemically unique meteorite found in quarry might be ‘extinct’”, in The Columbus Dispatch, archived from the original on 29 Aug 2016:
text: Sure, some dogs may get super-itchy and lose extra fur, while others may seem to groom themselves incessantly, leaving your floors strewn with serious dust bunnies. In the absence of these and the above-mentioned problems, your Lab mix is just being a dog that conforms perfectly to her breed type. In other words, this breed sheds – a lot!
ref: 2016 August 30, Patty Khuly, “Dog shedding too much? Try these easy fixes”, in Miami Herald, archived from the original on 31 Aug 2016:
text: Phobos just can't catch a break. Not only is Mars' lumpy, crusted-over dust bunny of a moon destined to be ripped to pieces in 10 million years, it seems the poor thing can't stop punching itself.
ref: 2016 August 31, Maddie Stone, “We finally know what caused those mysterious craters on Phobos”, in Gizmodo Australia, archived from the original on 31 Aug 2016:
glosses: A small clump of dust, fluff, hair, particles of skin, etc., that tends to accumulate indoors in areas not regularly dusted, such as under heavy furniture.
Synonyms: beggars' velvet
dust kitten
dust kitty
dust mouse
ghost turd
house moss
slut's wool
insulated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more insulated
form: most insulated
Senses: glosses: Protected from heat, cold, noise etc, by being surrounded with an insulating material.
examples: text: an insulated house or column
text: the special and insulated situation of the Jews
ref: 1846, Thomas De Quincey, “On Christianity, as an Organ of Political Movement”, in Tait's Edinburgh Magazine:
glosses: Placed or set apart.
examples: text: Early insulated wires were covered in silk rather than plastic.
text: Speed by now was now down to 25 m.p.h., but that universal tool, the insulated screwdriver, with its business end gingerly applied to the relay coil, enabled us to keep going as far as Grantham, where a more permanent remedy could be effected.
ref: 1962 April, R. K. Evans, “The Acceptance Testing of Diesel Locomotives”, in Modern Railways, page 268:
glosses: Isolated or separated from other conducting materials, or sources of electricity.
raw_tags: of an electrically conducting material
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: Situated at so great a distance as to be beyond the effect of gravitation; said of stars supposed to be so far apart that the effect of their mutual attraction is undetectable.
Derived terms: preinsulated
superinsulated
uninsulated
insulated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of insulate
triboelectric effect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: triboelectric effects
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: the generation of static electricity by friction between different materials
Related terms: tribology
Holy Father
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Middle English haly fadire, Haliʒ Fæder, equivalent to holy + Father.
Senses: glosses: God or God the Father (in various Christian churches)
glosses: The title of the Pope of the Catholic Church.
Synonyms: sense: Christian God
word: Creator
sense: Christian God
word: Eternal
sense: Christian God
word: God
sense: Christian God
word: Heavenly Father
sense: Christian God
word: Jehovah
sense: Christian God
word: Lord
sense: Christian God
word: LORD
sense: Christian God
word: Yahweh
sense: Christian God
word: Yehovah
sense: Christian God
word: YHVH
sense: Christian God
word: YHWH
exposure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ɪkˈspoʊ.ʒɚ/
ipa: /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒɚ/
ipa: /ɪkˈspəʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ɪkˈspɐʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ɪkˈspɐʉ.ʒə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: exposures
Etymology: From expose + -ure.
Senses: examples: text: Limit your exposure to harsh chemicals.
text: Get as much exposure to a new language as you can.
text: The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.
ref: 2013 June 8, “Obama goes troll-hunting”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8839, page 55:
glosses: The condition of being exposed, uncovered, or unprotected.
examples: text: As all of you know, a great tragedy occurred yesterday. Arthur Harcourt died of exposure sometimes in the morning in the woods off Mount Tom Road.
ref: 1993, Paul Chadwick, The Ugly Boy, Dark Horse Books:
glosses: Lack of protection from weather or the elements.
glosses: The act of exposing something, such as a scandal.
glosses: The act or condition of being at risk of financial losses.
examples: text: They rented a cabin with a beautiful southern exposure.
glosses: That part which is facing or exposed to something, e.g. the sun, weather, sky, or a view.
topics: arts
hobbies
lifestyle
photography
glosses: An instance of taking a photograph.
topics: arts
hobbies
lifestyle
photography
glosses: The piece of film exposed to light.
topics: arts
hobbies
lifestyle
photography
glosses: Details of the time and f-number used.
topics: agriculture
business
horticulture
lifestyle
glosses: The amount of sun, wind etc. experienced by a particular site.
Derived terms: antiexposure
any exposure is good exposure
autoexposure
chemoexposure
coexposure
cryoexposure
double-exposure
double exposure
exposure meter
exposure therapy
exposure time
exposure treatment
formation exposure time
hyperexposure
indecent exposure
inexposure
mere exposure effect
multiexposure
multiple-exposure
multiple exposure
nonexposure
overexposure
photoexposure
postexposure
post-exposure prophylaxis
preexposure
pre-exposure prophylaxis
reexposure
time exposure
time-exposure
underexposure
employees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛmplɔɪˈiːz/
ipa: /ˌɛmˈplɔɪiːz/
ipa: /ɪm-/
rhymes: -iːz
Senses: glosses: plural of employee
Germania
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Latin Germānia. Doublet of Germany.
Senses: glosses: An ancient Roman term for a cultural region describing the lands in Central Europe inhabited by Germanic peoples.
examples: text: The City of London standing, wearing a helmet surmounted by a dragon, resting her right hand upon a low throne, on which is seated Germania, and pointing with her left hand to the shipping in the river Thames. On her left, resting against a stone balustrade, is a shield bearing the arms, crest, supporters, and motto of the City of London. Germania holds a sword in her left hand, her right hand resting on a shield bearing the arms of Germany.
ref: 1894, “Reception of the Emperor of Germany, 1891”, in Charles Welch, editor, Numismata Londinensia. Medals Struck by the Corporation of London to Commemorate Important Municipal Events 1831 to 1893. […], London, page 155:
text: In the evening the Kaiser gave a grand banquet in a large hall constructed in the form of a full-rigged sailing vessel of the 17th century, the stem being adorned by a colossal figure of Germania, wearing a winged helmet.
ref: 1895 July, “Naval and Military Notes”, in The Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, volume XXXIX, number 209, London, page 751:
text: Aside from the impressive memories that it awakens, it is an imposing work of art, for the entire monument is more than one hundred feet in height,—the majestic figure of Germania, holding a crown and sword adorned with laurel wreaths, being itself thirty-three feet high.
ref: 1898, John L[awson] Stoddard, John L. Stoddard’s Lectures; […], volume VII, Boston, Mass.: Balch Brothers Co.; Chicago, Ill.: Geo[rge] L. Shuman & Co., page 64:
text: While the reverse retains the same heraldic design of the first Allegories issue, the obverse shows Germania and Columbia grasping each other’s hand and, respectively, the German and American flags.
ref: 2019 October, Louis Golino, “Modern World Coins”, in The Numismatist, American Numismatic Association, page 72:
glosses: A personification of Germany or Germans as a whole.
examples: text: Hey, German boy, go back to Germania!
ref: 1996 May 5, David X. Cohen, “Much Apu About Nothing”, in The Simpsons, season 7, episode 23, spoken by Nelson Muntz (Nancy Cartwright):
glosses: Germany.
glosses: A city proposed during the Nazi era to take over from Berlin as the German capital.
tribology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹaɪˈbɒləd͡ʒi/
ipa: /tɹɪˈbɒləd͡ʒi/
Etymology: From tribo- + -logy.
Senses: topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The science and engineering of interacting surfaces in relative motion; the study and application of technology using the principles of friction, lubrication and wear.
lubrication
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌluː.bɹɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: lubrications
Etymology: From lubricate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: Valve and cylinder lubrication is by atomised oil delivered by mechanical lubricators.
ref: 1951 March, “British Railways Standard "Britannia" Class 4-6-2 Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine, page 186:
synonyms: lubrifaction
glosses: The application of a substance (lubricant) between moving surfaces in contact in order to reduce friction and minimize heating.
Derived terms: biolubrication
lubricational
lubrication payment
overlubrication
relubrication
self-lubrication
underlubrication
vaginal lubrication
Related terms: lubricate
lubricant
lubricity
tribology
debye
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dəˈbaɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
Forms: form: debyes
Etymology: Named after Dutch-American physicist and physical chemist Peter Debye.
Senses: examples: text: The dipole moments of water and the alcohols are about 1.8 debyes. The moments of ethers are smaller, about 1.2 debyes.
ref: 1976, George Scatchard, Equilibrium in Solutions: Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Harvard University Press, page 197:
text: There is considerable transfer of negative charge to the carbon atoms in the pyrrole ring, which give it a high dipole moment ≈ 1.8 Debyes.
ref: 1997, J. R. Becker, Crude Oil Waxes, Emulsions, and Asphaltenes, PennWell Publishing Company, page 224:
text: The corresponding results obtained here for #92;mu of benzaldehyde range 1.298 Debyes — 1.471 Debyes, where the lower reported experimental value corresponds to the gas phase one of 1.263 Debyes, which is in good correspondence with the #92;mu calculated at MP4 level (1.298 Debyes).
ref: 2011, Humberto Soscún, “Ab initio and DFT study of the static dipole (hyper)polarizabilities of benzaldehyde and thio-benzaldehyde molecules in gas phase”, in G. Maroulis, T. Bancewicz, B. Champagne, A. D. Buckingham, editors, Atomic and Molecular Nonlinear Optics: Theory, Experiment and Computation, IOS Press, page 468:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
synonyms: Debye unit
glosses: The CGS unit of electric dipole moment, defined as 1 D = 10⁻¹⁸ statcoulomb-centimetre and computable from the SI unit coulomb-metre by multiplying by the factor 3.33564 × 10⁻³⁰.
wikipedia: Peter Debye
Related terms: english: How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement
translation: How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement
urls: http://www.ibiblio.org/units/dictD.html#debye
http://www.ibiblio.org/units
word: debye in on ibiblio
dipole moment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dipole moments
Senses: glosses: The vector product of the charge on either pole of a dipole and the distance separating them.
sink one's teeth into
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: sinks one's teeth into
form: sinking one's teeth into
form: sank one's teeth into
form: sunk one's teeth into
form: sink one's teeth in
Senses: examples: text: She yanked her head over her shoulder and, taking her cue from the rat in the laboratory, she sank her teeth into Burt’s arm as hard as she could.
ref: 2012, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Ratburger, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:
glosses: To bite; to bite into.
examples: text: He can't wait to sink his teeth into the new project.
text: He seemed happy living life in cruise control, which pissed me off. “Don't you want to really sink your teeth into something?” I asked.
ref: 2012, Gavin McInnes, The Death of Cool: From Teenage Rebellion to the Hangover of Adulthood, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 88:
text: A Thrilling Lesbian Vampire Novel You’ll Want to Sink Your Teeth Into [title]
ref: 2025 June 10, Everdeen Mason, “A Thrilling Lesbian Vampire Novel You’ll Want to Sink Your Teeth Into”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: To become enthusiastically involved in.
reportedly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɪˈpɔːtɪdli/
Etymology: From reported + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: reputedly, purportedly, putatively, rumoredly, supposedly, allegedly, ostensibly, possibly, probably, likely, plausibly
text: Other opposition forces have reportedly pushed to Ajdabiya, west of Benghazi […]
ref: 2011 February 25, “Building a new Libya”, in The Economist:
text: Nintoku, the pseudolegendary emperor of the fourth century, reportedly enjoyed falconry.
ref: 2015, Morgan Pitelka, Spectacular Accumulation:
text: Coristine, who had signed onto the telemeeting using a non-government email address, gave the bureaucrats swift marching orders, telling them he needed access to the federal department’s contract and payment systems before reportedly making them justify their jobs at the $1 billion-budget administration.
ref: 2025 February 7, Josie Ensor, “Meet Elon Musk’s ‘baby-faced assassins’ leading Doge takeover”, in The Times:
glosses: According to reports or rumors.
mail train
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mail trains
Senses: examples: text: A journey from Mombasa to Kampala is by no means dull. The mail train consists of about 13 carriages, three first, three second, three or four third, a restaurant car and two or three old first class non-corridor carriages used as seconds. This comes to about 400 tons tare. In addition there are two vans for crew and three or four covered freight trucks.
ref: 1950 April, Timothy H. Cobb, “The Kenya-Uganda Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 263:
text: The slip took place near the village of Lahat, shortly after the passage of the up and down mail trains between Kuala Lumpur and Penang.
ref: 1955 December, “Notes and News: Track Subsidence in Malaya”, in Railway Magazine, page 877:
text: This cutting from an East African newspaper caught our eye last month:
"The up mail train from Mombasa was held up for an hour at Kibwezi by an angry rhino on Monday night. The locomotive had collided with the rhino as it tried to cross the track. For some time the animal lay stunned between the rails but when it regained consciousness it was very irate. The engine driver, Mr. Mackenzie of Nairobi, tried unsuccessfully to frighten the rhino off the track but it refused to move. Eventually, it ran off into the bush and the train was able to proceed to Nairobi, where it arrived 28 minutes late."
ref: 1961 October, “Talking of Trains: B.R. exile at work?”, in Trains Illustrated, page 586:
text: There are special rooms where mail can be stored and stacked ready for despatch and accommodation with cooking facilities for T.P.O. crews who change from one mail train to another at Tamworth.
ref: 1962 December, “New station at Tamworth”, in Modern Railways, page 385:
text: As he passed though the station, he slowed to yell to the signalman, Frank 'Sailor' Bridges: "Sailor - have you anything between here and Fordham? Where's the mail?" Gimbert knew the mail train was due, and he didn't want to endanger another train with his burning bomb wagon.
ref: 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 42:
topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
glosses: A train used by the postal service to transport mail, and in some cases, to sort mail en route.
wikipedia: Irish Mail
pommie wash
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pommie washes
form: pommy wash
Etymology: From pommie + wash. A jocular reference to the implied notion that English people wash less frequently than others, presumably due to being raised in a cold climate.
Senses: glosses: A quick wash using a facecloth, often while still partly clothed.
8.3
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A naming convention in older MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows operating systems, restricting filenames to a maximum of eight characters followed by a period and a three-character file extension.
Related terms: Micros~1
tergiversator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tergiversators
Etymology: From Latin tergiversator (“avoider”). Equivalent to tergiversate + -or.
Senses: glosses: One who tergiversates.
file extension
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: file extensions
Senses: examples: text: A text file may have a file extension of .txt.
synonyms: filename extension
;
extension
hypernyms: extension#Noun
glosses: A short series of text characters at the end of a computer filename, used to indicate the type of contents and the software that will be required to operate or open it.
Related terms: file format
8.3
subdivision
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌbdɪvɪʒən/
ipa: /sʌbdiˈviʃon/
Forms: form: subdivisions
form: subdiv.
form: sbdv.
form: subd.
Etymology: From sub- + division.
Senses: examples: text: Formosa: Prewar conditions in Formosa were described in an article in FOREIGN COMMERCE WEEKLY of January 1, 1944. According to an announcement of the official Chinese News Service, there are to be 8 chief administrative subdivisions of Formosa. Although it is not known that their boundary lines will exactly coincide with those of the provinces under Japanese rule, this is probable. Names of the new hsien (districts), with corresponding Japanese province names in parentheses, are as follows: Taipei (Taihoku); Hsinchu (Shinchiku); Taichung (Taichu); Tainan (Tainan); Kaohsiung (Takao); Hwalienkan (Karenko); and Taitung (Taito). The Pescadores Islands form the eighth hsien. Nine cities will continue to be recognized as municipalities: Taipei (Taihoku); Taichung (Taichu); Tainan (Tainan); Chilung (Kiirun or Keelung); Kaohsiung (Takao); Hsinchu (Shinchiku); Chiayi (Kagi); Changhua (Shoka); and Pintung (Heito).
ref: 1945 December, Resumption of United States Trade with the Far East: Reopening of Commercial Channels and Relaxation of Trade Controls, Far Eastern Unit, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, →OCLC, page 3:
glosses: A division into smaller pieces of something that has already been divided.
examples: text: Work on one subdivision at a time.
glosses: Such a piece that has been divided.
glosses: A parcel of land that has been divided into lots.
examples: text: They're putting in a new subdivision out past Black Ranch Road.
glosses: A group of houses created by the same builder or in the same general area.
examples: text: ... By the 1970s, cattle rustling had fallen by the wayside, as tractors replaced carabaos and industrial estates and residential subdivisions supplanted rice fields as the mainstays of Cavite's suburban northern towns.
ref: 1999, Vicente L. Rafael, Figures of Criminality in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Colonial Vietnam, SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 81:
text: As the farms give way to the residential subdivisions and industrial estates, the centuries-old traditional Filipino houses, slightly raised above grounds and standing on stilts, are abandoned in the quest for more living space.
ref: 2014, Rodelio B. Carating, Raymundo G. Galanta, Clarita D. Bacatio, The Soils of the Philippines, Springer Science & Business, →ISBN, page 51:
glosses: A gated community located within a barangay.
subdivision
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌbdɪvɪʒən/
ipa: /sʌbdiˈviʃon/
Forms: form: subdivisions
form: subdivisioning
form: subdivisioned
form: subdivisioned
form: subdiv.
form: sbdv.
form: subd.
Etymology: From sub- + division.
Senses: glosses: To separate something into smaller pieces.
jaleo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /hɑːˈleɪəʊ/
Forms: form: jaleos
Etymology: From Spanish jaleo.
Senses: glosses: A lively Andalusian dance.
examples: text: The jaleo is a necessary and intricate component of flamenco. It usually serves as an accompaniment and encouragement for flamenco's other components, but I have also heard cuadros perform the jaleo very effectively as a solo number.
ref: 2005, D. E. Pohren, The Art of Flamenco, Bold Strummer Limited, →ISBN, page 126:
glosses: The clapping that accompanies it.
suggestive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛs.tɪv/
Forms: form: more suggestive
form: most suggestive
Etymology: From suggest + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: The painting is abstract, but the colors are suggestive of fruit or the Mediterranean.
text: But Sophia's mother was not the woman to brook defiance. After a few moments' vain remonstrance her husband complied. His manner and appearance were suggestive of a satiated sea-lion.
ref: 1921, Ben Travers, “Tally-ho”, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC, part I (“Come He Will”), pages 64–65:
glosses: Tending to suggest or imply.
examples: text: She crossed her legs and shot him a suggestive smile.
text: Girls read fashion and celebrity magazines at younger and younger ages and look for the same kinds of sexy, suggestive clothing worn by the models.
ref: 2008, Marcia Amidon Lusted, Advertising to Children, page 71:
glosses: Suggesting romance, sex, etc.; risqué.
glosses: Relating to hypnotic suggestion.
Derived terms: desuggestive
suggestively
Related terms: english: capable of being suggested
translation: capable of being suggested
word: suggestable
english: susceptible to influence by suggestion
translation: susceptible to influence by suggestion
word: suggestible
methacrylic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A colourless liquid, an unsaturated organic acid, used in the manufacture of resins and plastics, with the chemical formula CH₂:C(CH₃)COOH.
Synonyms: word: 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid
Derived terms: methyacrylate
polymethacrylic acid
Related terms: methacrylate
methacrylate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: methacrylates
Etymology: From methacrylic + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of methacrylic acid, especially an ester used in the manufacture of resins and plastics.
glosses: A resin manufactured from methacrylic acid or a methacrylate.
Derived terms: dimethacrylate
glycolmethacrylate
hydroxyethyl methacrylate
methyl methacrylate
monomethacrylate
polymethylmethacrylate
polymethyl methacrylate
methyl methacrylate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The methyl ester of methacrylic acid, CH₂:C(CH₃)COOCH₃, used as a monomer in the manufacture of polymethyl methacrylate plastics.
polymethyl methacrylate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A thermoplastic transparent plastic manufactured by the polymerization of methyl methacrylate, often used in place of glass - it being lighter, softer and not shattering on impact.
Synonyms: PMMA
acrylic
plexiglass
Related terms: Perspex
Plexiglas
taramosalata
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌtɑɹəməsəˈlɑːtə/
/ˌtæɹəməsəˈlɑːtə/
Forms: form: taramasalata
Etymology: From Greek ταραμοσαλάτα (taramosaláta), from ταραμάς (taramás, “cod roe”) (from Turkish tarama) + σαλάτα (saláta, “salad”) (from Italian insalata, cognate to English salad).
Senses: glosses: A Turkish and Greek dish of fish roe (carp or cod), lemon juice, breadcrumbs, onion, garlic, and olive oil; often served as a meze or with pitta bread.
Coordinate terms: hummus
tzatziki
Related terms: tarama
bidden
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɪdn̩/
Senses: glosses: past participle of bid
glosses: past participle of bide
Derived terms: unbidden
technical knockout
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: technical knockouts
form: TKO
form: R.K.O
Senses: topics: government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
glosses: A knockout declared by a referee in cases where a participant is sufficiently injured, unbalanced, or confused and unable to continue the fight
Related terms: technical submission
pseudorandom
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pseudo-random
Etymology: From pseudo- + random.
Senses: examples: text: Simple random samples were chosen from an ordered list with the aid of a Pseudo Random Digit Generator affiliated with the Computer Data Corporation Fortran Compiler.
ref: 1941, Isabel Fonseca, Memoirs, Society for American Archaeology, Issues 25-30, Society for American Archaeology, page 31:
text: Elite uses a pseudorandom number generator based on Tribonacci numbers. Unlike Fibonacci numbers, where the nth term in the series is based on the previous two terms, Tribonacci numbers use the previous three terms: […]
ref: 2016, John Aycock, Retrogame Archeology, Springer, →ISBN, page 113:
glosses: Of a sequence of numbers, such that it has all the properties of a random sequence following some probability distribution (except true randomness), but is actually generated using a deterministic algorithm.
Derived terms: pseudorandom number generator
pseudorandomness
pseudorandomly
pseudorandomize
pseudorandomized
super-pseudorandom
Related terms: pseudorandom number generator
astronomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈstɹɒn.ə.mə/
ipa: /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mɚ/
ipa: /əˈstɹɔn.ə.mə/
Forms: form: astronomers
Etymology: From Middle English astronomer, equivalent to astronomy + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Pioneering American astronomer Vera Rubin once mentored fellow aspiring female astronomers and advocated for women in science. It’s fitting that the first national US observatory named for a female astronomer is in her honor.
ref: 2020 January 7, Ashley Strickland, “First US observatory named in honor of a female astronomer, Vera Rubin”, in CNN:
text: But none of those brown dwarfs were speeding along on a trajectory that would carry them out of the galaxy like “runaway” hypervelocity stars observed by astronomers in the last two decades.
ref: 2024 August 21, Ashley Strickland, “An unusual object is moving so fast it could escape the Milky Way. Scientists aren’t certain what it is”, in CNN:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.
wikipedia: astronomer
Synonyms: word: astro-boffin
word: astronomist
Hyponyms: word: astronomeress
word: astronomess
Derived terms: archaeoastronomer
astronomeress
astronomer-priest
bioastronomer
ethnoastronomer
nonastronomer
radio astronomer
radioastronomer
Related terms: Astronomer Royal
cosmologist
meze
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛzeɪ/
Forms: form: mezes
form: mezedes
form: mazza
form: mezze
form: mazzeh
form: mazze
Etymology: From Turkish meze and Greek μεζές (mezés), both from Ottoman Turkish مزه (meze), from Persian مزه (maze, “taste, snack”).
Senses: glosses: Small portions of starters typical of Turkish, Greek and Levantine cuisine (equivalent to Spanish tapas or Hawaiian pu pu) often served as a light meal with pita.
houmous
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of hummus.
tzatziki
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tsæˈtsi.ki/
ipa: /zæˈtsi.ki/
ipa: /sæˈtsi.ki/
ipa: /tsɑˈtsi.ki/
ipa: /təˈzi.ki/
Forms: form: tzatzikis
form: tzadziki
Etymology: From Greek τζατζίκι (tzatzíki), from Ottoman Turkish جاجیگ (cacıg). Doublet of cacik.
Senses: glosses: An appetizer made from yogurt, cucumber, garlic, olive oil and dill or mint; usually served with pita bread and as a meze
Related terms: cacik
raita
pitta bread
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pitta breads
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of pita bread.
Astronomer Royal
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Astronomers Royal
Senses: glosses: An honorary title given to a leading astronomer; once the director of the Greenwich observatory.
lower Ivy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lower Ivies
Senses: glosses: any of the Ivy League universities, such as Dartmouth, Brown, and Cornell that are generally seen as less prestigious than Harvard, Yale, and Princeton.
come a cropper
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: comes a cropper
form: coming a cropper
form: came a cropper
form: come a cropper
Etymology: Possibly from the phrase neck and crop, in which crop may refer to the backside of a horse.
Senses: qualifier: originally
glosses: To fall headlong from a horse.
examples: text: She came a cropper on the stairs and broke her leg.
text: I should feel certain that I should come a cropper, but still I'd try it. As you say, a fellow should try.
ref: 1879, Anthony Trollope, chapter 67, in The Duke's Children:
text: You couldn't help feeling he'd be caught out one day, and then what an almighty cropper he'd come!
ref: 1922, Katherine Mansfield [pseudonym; Kathleen Mansfield Murry], “At the Bay”, in The Garden Party, London: Constable & Company, page 7:
text: We are accustomed to seeing Morphy conquer brilliantly against great odds; but this time he comes a cropper.
ref: 1951 March, “Chess Caviar”, in Chess Review:
text: You tried to convey too much and you conveyed nothing. You came a cropper, major.
ref: 1953, Mervyn Peake, Mr Pye, William Heinemann:
text: We had been taught Latin, French and German grammar; but English grammar was something we felt we were expected to infer from our reading – which is doubtless why I came a cropper over “its” and “it’s”.
ref: 2003 November 6, Lynne Truss, “Introduction – The Seventh Sense”, in Eats, Shoots & Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation, London: Profile Books Ltd, →ISBN, page 15:
text: Although they were meant to reach the Moon no matter what, cryptocurrencies are also coming a cropper.
ref: 2022 May 14, “Tech bubbles are bursting all over the place”, in The Economist, →ISSN:
glosses: To suffer some accident or misfortune; to fail.
examples: text: “No, Cynthia is a protégée of my mother’s, the daughter of an old schoolfellow of hers, who married a rascally solicitor. He came a cropper, and the girl was left an orphan and penniless. My mother came to the rescue, and Cynthia has been with us nearly two years now.”
ref: 1920, Agatha Christie, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, London: Pan Books, published 1954, page 8:
glosses: To die.
Synonyms: go a cropper
Related terms: neck and crop
BFE
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: BFEs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of bachelor of forest engineering.
glosses: Initialism of buyer furnished equipment (e.g. galleys and galley equipment in aircraft)
glosses: Initialism of base flood elevation.
examples: text: Some johns have taken this GFE a step further and created a Boyfriend Experience, or BFE.
ref: 2011, R. Barri Flowers, Prostitution in the Digital Age: Selling Sex from the Suite to the Street, ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 151:
coordinate_terms: GFE
PSE
glosses: Initialism of boyfriend experience.
BFE
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of British Film Editors.
examples: text: They sent me way out in BFE looking for the parts.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Initialism of Bumfuck, Egypt.
glosses: Initialism of Biofeedback Foundation of Europe.
Hindustani
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Hindustani
form: most Hindustani
form: Hindoostane
form: Hindostanee
form: Hindoostanee
form: Hindoostani
form: Hindustanee
form: Hindustane
form: Hindōstāni
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani ہِنْدُوسْتانی (hindūstānī) / हिंदुस्तानी (hindustānī), from Classical Persian هِنْدُوسْتَانِی (hindūstānī), from هِنْدُو (hindū, “Hindu, Indian”) + ـسْتَان (-stān, “land”) + adjective suffix ـِی (-ī). Equivalent to Hindustan + -i.
Senses: qualifier: dated outside of South Asia
glosses: Related to India, varying historically from the entire Indian subcontinent to India north of the Deccan, especially the plains of the Ganges and Jumna.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: of or pertaining to Hindustani music.
Hindustani
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Hindustanis
form: Hindoostane
form: Hindostanee
form: Hindoostanee
form: Hindoostani
form: Hindustanee
form: Hindustane
form: Hindōstāni
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani ہِنْدُوسْتانی (hindūstānī) / हिंदुस्तानी (hindustānī), from Classical Persian هِنْدُوسْتَانِی (hindūstānī), from هِنْدُو (hindū, “Hindu, Indian”) + ـسْتَان (-stān, “land”) + adjective suffix ـِی (-ī). Equivalent to Hindustan + -i.
Senses: glosses: A person from India, varying historically from the entire subcontinent to India north of the Deccan, especially the plains of the Ganges and Jumna.
Hindustani
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Hindoostane
form: Hindostanee
form: Hindoostanee
form: Hindoostani
form: Hindustanee
form: Hindustane
form: Hindōstāni
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani ہِنْدُوسْتانی (hindūstānī) / हिंदुस्तानी (hindustānī), from Classical Persian هِنْدُوسْتَانِی (hindūstānī), from هِنْدُو (hindū, “Hindu, Indian”) + ـسْتَان (-stān, “land”) + adjective suffix ـِی (-ī). Equivalent to Hindustan + -i.
Senses: examples: text: Swerg, in the Hinduſtànì language, means Heaven.
ref: 1792, Sir William Jones, Dissertations and Miscellaneous Pieces Relating to the History and Antiquities, the Arts, Sciences, and Literature, of Asia, page 150:
text: Kim watched the stars as they rose one after another in the still, sticky dark, till he fell asleep at the foot of the altar. That night he dreamed in Hindustani, with never an English word…
ref: 1900 December – 1901 October, Rudyard Kipling, chapter XI, in Kim, London: Macmillan and Co., published 1901, →OCLC:
glosses: The pluricentric language of Hindi-Urdu, of which Hindi and Urdu are literary standards; the language from which Hindi and Urdu are derived.
glosses: The Delhi dialect of that language.
examples: text: Hindustani, or Urdu (i.e., camp language), is a dialect of Hindi, differing from it in its large admixture of Persian words, and in that it is usually printed in Persian or Arabic characters, while Hindi is commonly printed in Sanskrit letters.
ref: 1895, Harlan Page Beach, The Cross in the Land of the Trident, page 59:
glosses: The language which is now known as Urdu.
examples: text: Of the several languages derived from the Sanskrit, none exercises so general and wide-spread an influence over India as the Hindi, or Sir George's Common Hindustani.
ref: 1873, Haris Chandra's magazine, page 119, column 1:
text: But Mr. Lyall, in an article that is all too short, shows that Hindustani, or Hindi (for there is no essential difference between the two) possesses a continuous body of literature which represents intellectual life in Northern India during the past six centuries.
ref: 1880, The Pall Mall Budget: Being a Weekly Collection of Articles Printed in the Pall Mall Gazette from Day to Day, with a Summary of News, page 977, column 2:
glosses: The language which is now known as Hindi.
Synonyms: Hindi-Urdu
take to task
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: takes to task
form: taking to task
form: took to task
form: taken to task
Senses: examples: text: [W]hen any of his descendants chose to take him to task for the crudeness of his manners he was accustomed to look them coldly over and retort that things had come to a pretty pass when comparatively new people ventured to instruct the oldest of the old settlers as to what was or was not good form.
ref: 1909, John Kendrick Bangs, chapter 3, in The Autobiography of Methuselah:
text: A dozen similar, but smaller footwarmers were made at Doncaster, without official sanction, and placed in the coaches of a train conveying some of the directors to London. Sturrock was taken to task by the chairman for having incurred this unauthorised expenditure, but before he left the meeting, the directors had ordered 200 footwarmers for public use.
ref: 1948 January and February, “Memoirs of Archibald Sturrock”, in Railway Magazine, page 47:
text: In a closely reasoned article in The Guardian, Mr. D. L. Munby, Oxford University's Reader in the Economics and Organisation of Transport, has taken Dr. Beeching to task for overstating his case for withdrawing stopping train services as money-losers.
ref: 1963 July, “News and Comment: Dr. Beeching's overstatement”, in Modern Railways, page 3:
glosses: To lecture, berate, admonish, or hold somebody accountable for his or her actions.
Synonyms: reproach
upbraid
attask
Related terms: hold to account
jaspe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jaspes
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of jaspé
listwashing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From list + washing.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The removal of nonproductive addresses from a mailing list.
sepulture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛpəɫt͡ʃ ə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈsɛpəɫˌt͡ʃ ʊə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: sepultures
Etymology: From Middle English sepulture, sepultur, from Old French sepulture, from Latin sepultura.
Senses: examples: text: By thy own Soul! by thoſe who gave thee Breath!
By all the ſacred Prevalence of Pray'r;
Ah, leave me not for Grecian Dogs to tear!
The common Rites of Sepulture beſtow,
To ſooth a Father's and a Mother's Woe;
Let their large Gifts procure an Urn at leaſt,
And Hector⁠'s Ashes in his Country reſt.
ref: 1720, Homer, translated by Alexander Pope, “Book XXII”, in The Iliad of Homer, volume VI, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintott […], →OCLC, pages 22–23, lines 426–432:
glosses: The act of sepulchring, committing the remains of a deceased person to the grave or sepulchre.
glosses: Alternative form of sepulchre.
Synonyms: sense: act of sepulchring
word: interment
Derived terms: sepultural
sepulture
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛpəɫt͡ʃ ə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈsɛpəɫˌt͡ʃ ʊə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: sepultures
form: sepulturing
form: sepultured
form: sepultured
Etymology: From Middle English sepulture, sepultur, from Old French sepulture, from Latin sepultura.
Senses: glosses: To inter in a sepulture.
shape up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: shapes up
form: shaping up
form: shaped up
form: shaped up
Senses: examples: text: He'd better shape up soon, or he'll fail the class.
text: You better shape up
'Cause I need a man
And my heart is set on you
ref: 1978, John Farrar, “You're the One That I Want”, performed by Olivia Newton-John and John Travolta:
glosses: To improve; to correct one's bad habits or behavior.
examples: text: The fog has vanished and it's shaping up to be a beautiful day.
text: Pretty good. A full refrigerator! I can see this afternoon is shaping up just great.
ref: 1983, 02:04:00 from the start, in The Right Stuff:
text: Even though this episode felt packed to the brim and sometimes unwieldly, the strongest moments were spent with Cersei, Sansa, and Daenerys: three daughters who were never supposed to rule, wading through their pain and suffering to shape The Seven Kingdoms. A lot has been said and written about the sons in this story who were never meant to rule (Tyrion, Jon, even Sam) but this season is shaping up to be an examination of these women.
ref: 2017 July 30, Ali Barthwell, “Ice and fire finally meet in a front-loaded episode of Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club:
glosses: To take shape; to transform into or become.
synonyms: bridge up
glosses: To gesture or posture threateningly; to approach as if to fight; to pose to intimidate.
Synonyms: sense: correct one's bad habits or behavior
word: improve
sense: correct one's bad habits or behavior
word: pull one's finger out
sense: correct one's bad habits or behavior
word: pull one's socks up
sense: transform into
word: become
sense: transform into
word: turn into
sense: transform into
word: turn out to be
Derived terms: shape up or ship out
Related terms: in shape
sepulcher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛpəlkə/
ipa: /ˈsɛpəlkɚ/
Forms: form: sepulchers
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of sepulchre.
sepulcher
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛpəlkə/
ipa: /ˈsɛpəlkɚ/
Forms: form: sepulchers
form: sepulchering
form: sepulchered
form: sepulchered
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of sepulchre.
in shape
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Forms: form: into shape
Senses: examples: text: I guess I'd better get my room in shape if I have guests.
glosses: In good condition, repair; in a good state.
examples: text: I hope to get in shape for summer swimsuit season.
text: Whoa, look over here
We got a cute little ol' runner to the right
Blue shorts, no shirt
You're looking good darling
That's right, stay in shape
ref: 1982, K.T. Oslin, Younger Men:
antonyms: out of shape
glosses: In a good state of physical fitness or bodily appearance.
jefe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jefes
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish jefe (“leader, boss”), from Old French chief, from Latin caput. Doublet of chief, chef, caput, and head.
Senses: examples: text: Antonio Rivera Cabezas was chosen vice-jefe in March 1830.
ref: 1887, Hubert Howe Bancroft, History of Central America, History Company, page 153:
text: before he stepped forward uttering the stereotyped greeting, the Texan had put him down as the jefe or head man....
Snatching up the rifle he lit out after the jefe, who had left two jumps ahead of the smoke.
ref: 1898, Southern Pacific Company Passenger Department, Sunset, Sunset Magazines Inc. (1912), pages 313-314
text: Hilario Saño, a suspect, resident here but much doubted by the jefe local, was put to the test
ref: 1900, United States War Department, Annual Reports of the War Department, U.S. Government Printing Office:
glosses: An officer with political influence; a head or chief in government, such as a sheriff, particularly where that person is Hispanic or of Mexican descent.
examples: text: “They ain’t going to deliver the cattle across.... They’ve taken too much of a beating as it is. They’ve lost their big jefe and lots of men.”
ref: 1982 January, George Durham, Taming the Nueces Strip: The Story of McNelly's Rangers, University of Texas Press, page 120:
text: When they were slacking off in the mine, for example, and a jefe arrived unexpectedly, they shouted loro (parrot) or fuego (fire) as warning signals.
ref: 1998 June, Thomas Miller Klubock, Contested communities: Class, Gender, and Politics in Chile's El Teniente Copper Mine, 1904-1948, Duke University Press, page 147:
text: A jefe in this sense is a mentor, a person who is often a compadre of the migrant.... In any case, a jefe is not a loan shark
ref: 2004 December, Jeffrey Harris Cohen, The Culture of Migration in Southern Mexico, University of Texas Press:
text: 2005 May, Monica Rico, EMails that Go Nowhere, Google Mail.
A jefe in this sense refers to a true boss, the leader of the household, also known as Jose Rico.
glosses: A boss in a business, company, or other organization.
Related terms: jefe político
over the top
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more over the top
form: most over the top
form: over-the-top
Etymology: The adjectival form first appears c. 1935. See cite below. The adverbial form (in reference to World War I) first appears c. 1915.
Senses: examples: text: I had come to regard the New Capitalism as an experiment till, in 1929, the whole thing went over the top and slid down to an utter collapse.
ref: 1938, Lincoln Steffens, Granville Hicks, Carl Sandburg, The Letters of Lincoln Steffens, Volume 2, page 1007:
text: You might have expected a pop star known for shows in which she has someone vomit paint on to the stage to come up with something similarly over the top for a live rendition of The Sound of Music. But Gaga chose to take the traditional route.
ref: 2015 February 23, “Oscars 2015: 10 things we learned”, in The Guardian (London):
text: Myers went over the top in the clubhouse, berating a reporter who questioned Myers' terminology.
ref: 2007 August 26, Bruce Jenkins, “The Chronicle Sports Columnist Blog”, in San Francisco Chronicle, archived from the original on 10 Dec 2007:
synonyms: excessive
exaggerated
OTT
too much
glosses: Beyond normal, expected, or reasonable limits; outrageous.
topics: communication
communications
glosses: Delivered across the Internet to a television or similar device.
over the top
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more over the top
form: most over the top
form: over-the-top
Etymology: The adjectival form first appears c. 1935. See cite below. The adverbial form (in reference to World War I) first appears c. 1915.
Senses: examples: text: On InfoWars, Alex Jones told his audience, "This is over the top sickening. Next they'll say Jeffrey Epstein never even existed. This is the swamp winning. No one is buying this."
ref: 2025 July 10, Jesus Mesa, “'We've Been Played': MAGA Faces Its Own Disappointment With Trump”, in Newsweek:
glosses: Egregiously; beyond compare.
over the top
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more over the top
form: most over the top
form: over-the-top
Etymology: The adjectival form first appears c. 1935. See cite below. The adverbial form (in reference to World War I) first appears c. 1915.
Senses: examples: text: The men were sent over the top to their certain death.
glosses: Over the parapet of a trench, especially at the start of a futile attack.
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see over, the, top.
over-the-top
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of over the top (see usage notes).
Derived terms: over-the-topness