cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
heist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /haɪst/
rhymes: -aɪst
Forms: form: heists
Etymology: Probably pronunciation variation of hoist.
Senses: examples: text: The audacious hijacking in Paris of a van carrying the baggage of a Saudi prince to his private jet is obviously an embarrassment to the French capital, whose ultra-high-end boutiques have suffered a spate of heists in recent months.
ref: 2014 August 21, “A brazen heist in Paris [print version: International New York Times, 22 August 2014, p. 8]”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A robbery or burglary, especially from an institution such as a bank or museum.
examples: text: It is a conventional heist play in which the drama is created less through the characters' actions than through the fact of one of them having a gun.
ref: 2002, Theatre Record, volume 22, numbers 10-18, page 1177:
text: The Bank Job is also the first proper Jason Statham movie since his days banging about in Guy Ritchie's early heists.
ref: 2008 March 6, Robert Wilonsky, “Fast and Loose”, in Riverfront Times, volume 32, number 10, page 28:
text: The crew resemble typical heist characters[.]
ref: 2014, Daryl Lee, The Heist Film: Stealing With Style, page 69:
glosses: A fiction genre in which a heist is central to the plot; a work in such a genre.
Derived terms: cyberheist
heist
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /haɪst/
rhymes: -aɪst
Forms: form: heists
form: heisting
form: heisted
form: heisted
Etymology: Probably pronunciation variation of hoist.
Senses: glosses: To steal, rob, or hold up (something).
Derived terms: heister
nosebleed
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnəʊzˌbliːd/
ipa: /ˈnoʊzˌblid/
ipa: /ˈnoʊsˌblid/
Forms: form: nosebleeds
form: nose bleed
Etymology: From nose + bleed.
Senses: examples: text: Its pricing is highly volatile — and therefore highly risky. For all its nosebleed ascents, bitcoin also has had some gut-punching plunges. Between November 2021 and November 2022, for example, the price of bitcoin dropped 75%, from $64,455 to $16,196, according to data on coinmarketcap.com.
ref: 2024 November 19, Jeanne Sahadi, “Bitcoin has smashed records. Should you invest?”, in CNN Business:
glosses: Haemorrhage from the nose (usually, blood flow exiting the nostrils that originates from the nasal cavity).
glosses: Nerd; geek; dork.
glosses: Mental overload (usually attained as a result of having to comprehend new and/or complex concepts or languages that one is not particularly skilled with).
glosses: Ellipsis of nosebleed seat.
Synonyms: word: epistaxis
word: blood nose
word: bloody nose
Derived terms: nosebleed plant
nosebleed seat
nosebleed section
Related terms: noseblood
pseudoepistaxis
epistaxis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌɛpɪˈstæksɪs/
Forms: form: epistaxes
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπίσταξις (epístaxis, “nosebleed”): ἐπί (epí, “above, over, on, upon, besides”) + στάζω (stázō, “to drip (from the nostrils)”).
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Nosebleed.
Hyponyms: rhinorrhagia
Coordinate terms: pseudoepistaxis
Derived terms: epistaxic
networks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The Internet is a large network of networks.
glosses: plural of network
networks
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of network
oww
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of ow.
glosses: Alternative spelling of aww, indicating affection or disappointment
piping hot
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpaɪ.pɪŋ ˈhɒt/
enpr: pīʹpĭng hŏt
ipa: /ˌpaɪpɪŋ ˈhɑt/
rhymes: -ɒt
Etymology: From Middle English. First attested circa second half of 14th century, from the similarity between the sizzling sound of food cooking in a frying pan and that of musical pipes, from Canterbury Tales http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/2383 by Geoffrey Chaucer:
:: "He singeth brokking¹ as a nightingale. / He sent her piment, mead, and spiced ale, / And wafers² piping hot out of the glede³: / And, for she was of town, he proffer'd meed."
:: ¹ quavering, ² cakes, ³ coals
Senses: examples: text: "Don't touch the pie! It's piping hot, straight out of the oven."
text: You will see that my breakfast is piping hot,
And rub the clothes to a snowy whiteness
ref: 1909, George Melville Baker, Pieces People Ask For, A Lesson to Lovers:
text: Cook until tender in a moderate oven (350° F.)—allow about 2½ hours. Turn occasionally for even cooking. Remove the strings before serving. Serve piping hot with gravy made from the pan drippings, or chill and serve cold.
ref: 1942, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Home Economics, Foods and Nutrition Division, Meat for Thrifty Meals:
glosses: Very hot.
repentance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: rĭ-pĕnʹtəns
ipa: /ɹɪˈpɛntəns/
Forms: form: repentances
form: repentaunce
Etymology: First attested circa 14th century, from Old French repentance. More at repent.
Senses: examples: 1678, Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress, second period
God hath denied me repentance. His words gives me no encouragement to believe.
glosses: The condition of being repentant, penitent.
examples: text: And here, shipmates, is true and faithful repentance; not clamorous for pardon, but grateful for punishment.
ref: 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chapter 6:
glosses: A feeling of regret or remorse for doing wrong or sinning.
Synonyms: compunction
contrition
penitence
remorse
Derived terms: herb of repentance
right of repentance
stool of repentance
Related terms: repent
repentant
repentantly
repented
repenting
remorse
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: rĭ-môrsʹ
ipa: /ɹɪˈmɔː(ɹ)s/
enpr: rĭ-môrsʹ
ipa: /ɹɪˈmɔɹs/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)s
Forms: form: remorses
form: remorce
Etymology: First attested circa 14th century as Middle English remors, from Old French remors, from Medieval Latin remorsus, from Latin remordeō (“to torment, vex”, literally “to bite back”), from re- + mordeō (“to bite”). More at remord.
Senses: examples: text: In criminal proceedings, empirical studies have shown that remorse plays an important role in observers’ judgments of defendants.
ref: 2014 March 1, Rocksheng Zhong, Madelon Baranoski, Neal Feigenson, Larry Davidson, Alec Buchanan, Howard V. Zonana, “So You’re Sorry? The Role of Remorse in Criminal Law”, in Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, Volume 42, Issue 1, pages 39–48:
text: Failure, disgrace, poverty, sorrow, despair, suffering, tears even, the broken words that come from lips in pain, remorse that makes one walk on thorns, conscience that condemns . . . —all these were things of which I was afraid.
ref: 1897, Oscar Wilde, De Profundis:
synonyms: agenbite
repentance
hypernyms: regret
sadness
glosses: A feeling of regret or sadness for doing wrong or sinning.
examples: text: This is the bloodiest shame,
The wildest savagery, the vilest stroke,
That ever wall-eyed wrath or staring rage
Presented to the tears of soft remorse.
ref: c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
synonyms: word: misery
word: sympathy
word: unhappiness
word: blueness
word: mirthless
word: blues
word: crestfallenness
word: dejection
word: depression
word: despondency
word: distress
word: dolefulness
word: downheartedness
word: drearihead
word: forlornness
word: grief
word: heartsore
word: ill-being
word: infelicity
word: melancholia
word: melancholy
word: misery
word: mishappiness
word: mourn
word: prosternation
word: regret
word: rue
word: ruth
word: sadness
word: sorrow
word: sorrowfulness
word: tristfulness
word: undelight
word: unhappiness
word: woe
word: woefare
word: wretchedness
word: bowels
word: commiseration
word: compassion
word: empathy
word: fellow feeling
word: mercy
word: pity
word: remorse
word: rue
word: ruth
word: sympathy
word: tenderheartedness
word: loving-kindness
glosses: Sorrow; pity; compassion.
Synonyms: word: agenbite
word: remorse
word: rue
word: ruth
word: compunction
word: contrition
word: penitence
word: repentance
word: self-reproach
word: sorriness
Hypernyms: word: sadness
Derived terms: buyer's remorse
buyers' remorse
remorseless
seller's remorse
Related terms: mordant
morsel
remorseful
remorsefully
remorseless
remorselessly
apology
remorse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: rĭ-môrsʹ
ipa: /ɹɪˈmɔː(ɹ)s/
enpr: rĭ-môrsʹ
ipa: /ɹɪˈmɔɹs/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)s
Forms: form: remorses
form: remorsing
form: remorsed
form: remorsed
form: remorce
Etymology: First attested circa 14th century as Middle English remors, from Old French remors, from Medieval Latin remorsus, from Latin remordeō (“to torment, vex”, literally “to bite back”), from re- + mordeō (“to bite”). More at remord.
Senses: examples: text: And if we look abroad, to take a view of men as they are, we shall find that they remorse in one place, for doing or omitting that which others, in another place, think they merit by.
ref: 1689, John Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding:
text: When they have accepted their advice and have some upleasant experience then they remorse.
ref: 2009, Pankaj Arora, Sex Education In Schools, page 142:
text: Then with godly sorrow they remorse with a humble heart, and they repent.
ref: 2020, Donald Werner, The Mark of the Beast or the Seal of Yahoveh God?, page 7:
glosses: To experience remorse; to regret.
élite
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more élite
form: most élite
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French élite.
Senses: examples: text: Ben-Gurion’s legacy has been an enduring one. The projection of a national consensus, the domination of the state over other political actors, and the hegemony exercised over decision-making by a largely Ashkanazim élite remain features of Israeli politics today.
ref: 2002, Clive Jones, Emma Murphy, Israel: Challenges to Identity, Democracy, and the State, Routledge, →ISBN, page 27:
text: Over time, though, a class system emerged; now revisions made by infrequent contributors are much likelier to be undone by élite Wikipedians.
ref: 2009 September 28, Farhad Manjoo, “Is Wikipedia a Victim of Its Own Success?”, in TIME.COM, archived from the original on 23 Sep 2009, page 2:
glosses: Alternative spelling of elite.
élite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: élites
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French élite.
Senses: examples: text: A hush had fallen over the élite in the ballroom, as a broad path was cleared for the throne. Lepold sat on it now, hands solidly on its arms, head high, face frozen.
ref: 1951, Isaac Asimov, Foundation (1974 Panther Books Ltd publication), part III: “The Mayors”, chapter 6, page 101, ¶ 5
glosses: Alternative spelling of elite.
frying pan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: frying pans
form: frying-pan
form: fryingpan
Etymology: From Middle English fryyng panne; equivalent to frying + pan.
Senses: examples: text: And if thy oblation be a meate offering baken in the frying pan,it ſhalbe made of fine flowꝛe with oyle.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 2:7:
topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
glosses: A long-handled, shallow pan used for frying food.
Synonyms: sense: pan for frying food
word: fry pan
sense: pan for frying food
word: frypan
sense: pan for frying food
word: pan
sense: pan for frying food
word: skillet
Derived terms: out of the frying pan, into the fire
eaves
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /iːvz/
ipa: /ivz/
homophone: eves
rhymes: -iːvz
Forms: form: eave
Etymology: PIE word
 *upér
From Middle English eves (“projecting lower edge of a roof”) [and other forms], from Old English efes, yfes, *ofes (“edge of a roof”), from Proto-West Germanic *ubisu (“hall”), from Proto-Germanic *ubiswō (compare Gothic 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌰 (ubizwa), Old High German obasa (“hall; porch; roof”)), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *upér (“above; over”) (whence over).
Senses: examples: text: Him that you term'd Sir, the good old Lord Gonzallo, / His teares runs downe his beard like winters drops / From eaues of reeds: […]
ref: 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 16, column 2:
text: Thus night oft ſee me in thy pale career, / Till civil-ſuited morn appeer, / […] / Or uſher'd with a ſhower ſtill, / When the guſt hath blown his fill, / Ending on the ruſsling Leaves, / With minute drops from off the Eaves.
ref: a. 1645, John Milton, “Il Penseroso”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC, page 42:
text: By my window bowered round with leaves, / And down my cheeks the quick tears ran / Like twinkling rain-drops from the eaves, / When warm spring showers are passing o'er: […]
ref: 1818 August, Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Rosalind and Helen”, in Rosalind and Helen, a Modern Eclogue; with Other Poems, London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for C[harles] and J[ames] Ollier, […], published 1819, →OCLC, page 22:
topics: architecture
glosses: The underside of a roof that extends beyond the external walls of a building.
examples: text: But after many strains and heaves / He got up to the Saddle eaves.
ref: 1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]. Canto I.”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC, page 14:
text: The mystic glory swims away; / From off my bed the moonlight dies; / And closing eaves of wearied eyes / I sleep till dusk is dipt in gray: […]
ref: 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto LXV”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 92:
glosses: Something that extends over or projects beyond.
Related terms: word: eaved
word: eavesdrip
word: eavesdrop
word: eavesdropper
word: eavesdropping
word: eavesdroppingly
word: eavesread
word: eavestrough
word: flying eaves
word: Woodhouse Eaves
eaves
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /iːvz/
ipa: /ivz/
homophone: eves
rhymes: -iːvz
Etymology: From eave + -s, from a misinterpretation of the -s ending of eaves as forming a plural.
Senses: glosses: plural of eave
referendum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛfəˈɹɛndəm/
Forms: form: referenda
form: referendums
Etymology: From Latin referendum (“that which ought to be announced”), from refero (“I announce”).
Senses: examples: text: a referendum on …
text: In some cases, a referendum on the proposed bond issue must be held.
ref: 1975, Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, Informational Bulletin:
text: Article 74: The Republic of Karakalpakstan shall have the right to secede from the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of a nation-wide referendum held by the people of Karakalpakstan.
ref: 2003, Constitution of Uzbekistan:
text: Although the Cook Islands held a referendum in 1994, when voters rejected a name change, the yearning for a decolonised identity has not disappeared.
ref: 2019, Nalini Mohabir, “Renaming the Cook Islands would be a vital step towards true independence”, in Guardian.:
text: [Salvador] Illa ascribed the nationalist surge in Catalonia that fuelled support for the 2017 referendum – and Brexit in the UK – as populist responses to the financial crisis of 2008.
ref: 2025 October 16, Patrick Wintour, “Catalonia’s Socialist president: tackling inequality can blunt separatist and far-right voices”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: government
politics
synonyms: plebiscite
glosses: A direct popular vote on a proposed law or constitutional amendment.
examples: text: My father is taking my decision on whether to go to university as a referendum on his performance as a parent, and it's very stressful.
glosses: An action, choice, etc., which is perceived as passing judgment on another matter.
Derived terms: pseudoreferendum
Related terms: ad referendum
plebiscite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈplɛbɪsaɪt/
ipa: /-sɪt/
ipa: /ˈplɛbəˌsaɪt/
Forms: form: plebiscites
Etymology: Sense 1 (“referendum”) is borrowed from French plébiscite, from Latin plēbiscītum, plēbis scītum, plēbī scītum (“law of the common people or plebs”), from plēbis (the genitive singular of plēbs (“common people, plebeians”)) + scītum (“decree, ordinance, statute”).
Sense 3 (“law enacted by the common people”) is a learned borrowing from Latin plēbiscītum: see above. It is attested earlier than English plebiscitum.
Cognates
* Italian plebiscito
* Middle French plebiscite (modern French plébiscite)
* Middle Low German plebiscīt (“ordinance”)
* Spanish plebiscito, plebisçito (obsolete)
Senses: examples: text: A political result, we may also say aim, of the frumentarian plebiscite of Gaius was to disattach the city populace from its conservative moorings and to enlist it in the service of reform.
ref: 1909, George Willis Botsford, The Roman Assemblies from Their Origin to the End of the Republic:
text: Then something changed, and Mr. Mitterrand said he thought it would be a good idea if the Constitution allowed plebiscites, on the recommendation of the President, on issues involving personal freedoms.
ref: 1984 July 15, John Vinocur, “A SULLEN, DISILLUSIONED FRANCE MARKS BASTILLE DAY”, in The New York Times:
topics: government
law
politics
synonyms: referendum
glosses: A direct popular vote on an issue of public importance, such as an amendment to the constitution, a change in the sovereignty of the nation, or some government policy.
glosses: An expression of the public's views on an issue, whether legally binding or not.
glosses: Synonym of plebiscitum (“a law enacted by the common people, under the superintendence of a tribune or some subordinate plebeian magistrate, without the intervention of the senate”).
synonyms: word: plebiscitum
extra: a law enacted by the common people, under the superintendence of a tribune or some subordinate plebeian magistrate, without the intervention of the senate
Derived terms: word: plebiscitary
word: plebiscitic
diplomat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪp.lə.mæt/
Forms: form: diplomats
Etymology: From French diplomate, a back-formation from diplomatique (“diplomatic”), ultimately from Ancient Greek δίπλωμα (díplōma, “double-folded document”).
Senses: examples: text: The French diplomat negotiated the peace treaty.
text: A career as a diplomat requires cultural awareness and patience.
glosses: A person, such as an ambassador, who is accredited to represent a government officially in its relations with other governments or international organisations
glosses: Someone who uses skill and tact in dealing with other people.
Synonyms: word: diplomatist
Derived terms: diplobrat
diplolingo
diplomat cream
diplomatese
diplomatism
diplomatize
diplomat pudding
diplomat-speak
guerrilla diplomat
nondiplomat
superdiplomat
Related terms: diplomacy
diplomatic
chargé d'affaires
consul
envoy
high commissioner
Esdras
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Latin Esdrās, from Ancient Greek Ἔσδρᾱς (Ésdrās), from Hebrew עזרא (Ezra). Doublet of Ezra.
Senses: topics: biblical
lifestyle
religion
synonyms: word: Esd.
glosses: any of four books of the Old Testament and Apocrypha of the Bible.
Related terms: Ezra
vermiculite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vermiculites
Etymology: From Latin vermiculus (“wormlet”), for its fibrous nature and tendency to expand into worm-like shapes when heated.
Senses: topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A hydrated silicate mineral which expands on heating; it is used in insulation and as a medium for planting.
vermicompost
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: vermicomposts
form: vermicomposting
form: vermicomposted
form: vermicomposted
Etymology: From vermi- (“worm”) + compost.
Senses: glosses: To employ worms to break down organic waste into soil or humus
vermicompost
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vermicomposts
Etymology: From vermi- (“worm”) + compost.
Senses: glosses: the product of worm composting; worm castings
Synonyms: sense: product of worm composting
word: vermicast
chicken wire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chicken wires
Senses: examples: text: "You'll recall that normally any old hen had sense enough not to run or fly into a chicken wire fence, but the same old hen at the sight of a hawk would lose all judgment about fences, and plunge headlong into it."
ref: 1981, Kenneth Robeson, The Screaming Man:
glosses: A mesh of wire, usually galvanized, with a hexagonal pattern, generally used for making fences, especially for enclosures for small farm animals and pets.
glosses: A type of such material, differentiated by material, coating, wire thickness, width, and mesh size.
Related terms: hardware cloth
broken-down
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more broken-down
form: most broken-down
Senses: examples: text: And a broken-down train and the severe weather temporarily shut the line between Dawlish and Exeter St Davids.
ref: 2021 December 29, Stefanie Foster, “Storm Barra causes fresh disruption to the railway”, in RAIL, number 947, page 19:
glosses: Which has broken down and, as a result, is no longer in working order.
glosses: Not properly maintained; neglected.
examples: text: We looked our last upon them and the indescribable rosy glow in which they lay, and then with hearts far too heavy for words we left them, and crept thence broken-down men - so broken down that we even renounced the chance of practically immortal life, because all that made life valuable had gone from us, and we knew even then that to prolong our days indefinitely would only be to prolong our sufferings.
ref: 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
glosses: Ruined in character or strength.
Synonyms: sense: no longer in working order
word: out of order
sense: not maintained; neglected
word: ramshackle
ruinous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹuː.ɪnəs/
Forms: form: more ruinous
form: most ruinous
Etymology: From Middle English ruynous, from Old French ruinos, ruineus, from Latin ruīnōsus. By surface analysis, ruin + -ous.
Senses: glosses: Causing ruin; destructive, calamitous.
examples: text: They were forced to completely replace the roof at ruinous expense.
text: We are rapidly reversing the economic calamity we inherited from the previous administration, including ruinous price increases and record-setting inflation, inflation like we've never had before.
ref: 2025 September 23, Donald Trump, speech at United Nations:
glosses: Extremely costly; so expensive as to cause financial ruin.
glosses: Characterized by ruin; ruined; dilapidated; as, an edifice, bridge, or wall in a ruinous state.
Synonyms: sense: characterized by ruin
word: ramshackle
Derived terms: ruinously
ruinousness
rundown
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rundowns
Etymology: Deverbal from run down.
Senses: examples: text: Could you give me the rundown on the new rules?
qualifier: chiefly with definite article "the"
glosses: A rough outline of a topic or situation.
examples: text: Comes post-time, and I am at the bookie joint listening the running descriptions and rundowns, […]
ref: 1946, Lancer, page 15:
text: I would say this: If you are in a community where you do not have the rundown sheet on the horses in the race, do what they have done in Sacramento.
ref: 1960, American Trial Lawyers Association, Convention Proceedings, page 455:
topics: gambling
games
glosses: A summary of the horses to be raced on a particular day, with their weights, jockeys, odds, etc.
examples: text: Smith is caught in a rundown, but Jones will come around to score.
topics: ball-games
baseball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A defensive play in which the runner is caught between two fielders, who steadily converge to tag the runner out.
glosses: A Caribbean stew of meat or fish (typically mackerel) with reduced coconut milk, yam, tomato, onion and seasonings.
examples: text: The rundown of LNER's Class 91/Mk 4 fleet continues, with two more locomotives sent for store at Doncaster and a rake of coaches moving to Worksop,
ref: 2020 May 20, “Fleet News: LNER sends more '91s' off-lease”, in Rail, page 22:
glosses: A reduction, e.g. of an activity, or in the size of something, such as a fleet.
rundown
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Deverbal from run down.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of run-down.
Synonyms: ramshackle
barbering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From barber + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: The trades of barbering and surgery have long been linked, as evidenced by the barber's red and white striped pole.
text: After several days in the bush, he had grown lax with his barbering and needed a good shave before he was presentable again.
glosses: The trade of and practice of shaving and cutting hair.
glosses: The practice among pets of overgrooming each other, leaving bald patches.
frictive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more frictive
form: most frictive
Senses: glosses: Of, relating to, or caused by friction.
Synonyms: frictional
frictious
frictive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: frictives
Senses: examples: text: The candler also offers his knowledge of various frictives and lotions that enhance and facilitate successful fornication.
ref: 2000, Robert Brunner, Letters from Martin: Summer, 1252 A.D:
glosses: Any substance which increases friction.
environmentalist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more environmentalist
form: most environmentalist
Etymology: From environmental + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: The environmentalist explanation would be that tropical environment retards or depresses culture through its physiological effect on the human organism.
ref: 1939, Alfred L. Kroeber, Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America, published 1963, page 69:
glosses: Of, or relating to environmentalism.
Related terms: conservationist
ecologist
preservationist
recrudescent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛkɹu(ː)ˈdɛsənt/
ipa: /ˌɹikɹu(ː)ˈdɛsənt/
rhymes: -ɛsənt
Etymology: From Latin recrūdēscō (“I become raw again”); from re- + crūdēscō (“I become harsh or raw”).
Senses: examples: text: This seems to be a recrudescent strain of the plague rather than a wholly new disease.
glosses: Breaking out again or reemerging after temporary abatement or suppression.
glosses: Growing raw, sore, or painful again.
Hypernyms: recurrent
reemergent
Related terms: recrudescence
raffish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹæfɪʃ/
Forms: form: more raffish
form: most raffish
Etymology: From late 18th century raff (“persons among the lowest class in society”) + -ish, still retained in contemporary English with riffraff. From Old French raffer (“to wear away”), of Germanic origin. Compare German raffen. Compare rip (“to tear”), rap (“to snatch”).
Senses: examples: text: Billie Eilish wants you to know she is in charge, brash and self-assured enough to scrap the raffish image that helped garner her a world of fans in favor of something a little more … adult.
ref: 2021 May 4, Ruth La Ferla, “On That Bombshell Billie Eilish Cover for British Vogue”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: The smokers' most raffish outsider, Comstock, appeared to do nothing but smoke; Chris had never seen him inside the building.
ref: 2022, Jennifer Egan, “i, the Protagonist”, in The Candy House:
glosses: Characterized by careless unconventionality; rakish.
examples: text: I had met the man before this in the village, and detested him on sight; there was something indescribably raffish in his looks and ways that raised my gorge; […]
ref: 1891 February–December, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter XV, in In the South Seas […], New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1896, →OCLC:
text: He bowed cordially to the lady in charge of Miss de Barral’s education, whom he saw in the hall engaged in conversation with a very good-looking but somewhat raffish young gentleman.
ref: 1914, Joseph Conrad, “The Governess”, in Chance, London: Methuen, →OCLC:
text: He wore a neat dark overcoat, brown shoes, and a bowler hat rather on one side; his appearance was, in fact, genteel, though his air was a trifle raffish.
ref: 1919, Anthony Hope, chapter VII, in The Secret of the Tower:
text: Altogether the city [Las Vegas] is one of the most amiably raffish communities in the nation—an assembly of glittering chrome and flaming colors by day, a flowering jungle of glowing neon and flashing lights by night.
ref: 1951 February 11, Gladwin Hill, “Atomic Boom Town In the Desert”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Low-class; disreputable; vulgar.
Related terms: riffraff
raillery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪləɹi/
ipa: /ˈɹæləɹi/
Forms: form: railleries
Etymology: From French raillerie.
Senses: examples: text: Flip [Lady Flippant]. I love, of my life men ſhould deal freely vvith me; there are ſo fevv men vvill deal freely with one— / Sir Sim[on Addlepot]. Are you not a Fireſhip? a Punk, Madam? / Flip. VVell, Sir, I love Raillery. / Sir Sim. Faith and troth I do not railly, I deal freely.
ref: 1671 March (first performance), [William] Wycherley, Love in a Wood, or, St James’s Park. A Comedy, […], London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for H[enry] Herringman, […], published 1672, →OCLC, Act II, page 22:
text: It is so indeed—Charles—they give into all the substantial Luxuries of the Table—and abstain from nothing but wine and wit—Oh, certainly society suffers by it intolerably—for now instead of the social spirit of Raillery that used to mantle over a glass of bright Burgundy their conversation is become just like the Spa water they drink which has all the Pertness and flatulence of champaine without its spirit or Flavour.
ref: 1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, act III, scene iii:
text: Excitement instantly seized the whole party: a running fire of raillery and jests was proceeding when Sam returned.
ref: 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter XVIII, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:
text: Lady Feng was at the moment having a little goodhumoured raillery with Yüan Yang, and was taken so much off her guard, that she was quite startled out of her senses.
ref: 1892–1893, Cao Xueqin, translated by H. Bencraft Joly, Hung Lou Mêng; or, The Dream of the Red Chamber; a Chinese Novel, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh, →OCLC:
glosses: Good-natured banter, jest, or ridicule.
discarnate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From dis- + carnate.
Senses: examples: text: "Sho," she muttered, allowing soft, discarnate voices to articulate and move on.
ref: 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 79
text: But there are latent powers within man alone that are not yet fully understood and [...] we cannot definitely state what is, and what is not, due to the interference or influence of discarnate intelligences.
ref: 1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 275:
glosses: Having no physical body or form.
rapacious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹəˈpeɪ.ʃəs/
rhymes: -eɪʃəs
Forms: form: more rapacious
form: most rapacious
Etymology: Perhaps from rapacity + -ous, in any case ultimately from Latin rapāx (“grasping, greedy”).
Senses: examples: text: To presume a want of motives for such contests [of power between states] as an argument against their existence, would be to forget that men are ambitious, vindictive, and rapacious.
ref: 1787, Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 6: Concerning Dangers from Dissensions Between the States:
text: Relations between the Waveney Valley Railway and the E.C.R. [Eastern Counties Railway] soon became strained, because of the rapacious attitude adopted by the latter, and to the mismanagement which it displayed in working the smaller company's line.
ref: 1952 June, B. D. J. Walsh, “The Waveney Valley Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 365:
text: Big Tech companies, on the other hand, have proven themselves to be rapacious capitalists—they take as much as they can and ask for permission later.
ref: 2021 March 16, Noam Cohen, “Wikipedia Is Finally Asking Big Tech to Pay Up”, in Wired, →ISSN:
text: The rapacious maw of our despair
ref: 2022, “Nevermore”, performed by Lamb of God:
synonyms: word: acquisitive
word: avaricious
word: cormorant
word: covetous
word: edacious
word: esurient
word: grasping
word: greedy
word: miserable
word: piggish
word: miserly
word: rapacious
word: selfish
word: sordid
word: sharp-set
word: voracious
glosses: Voracious; avaricious.
examples: text: A Prince […] sooner becomes hated by being rapacious and by interfering with the property and with the women of his subjects, than in any other way.
ref: 1910, Niccolò Machiavelli, “Chapter XIX”, in Ninian Hill Thomson, transl., The Prince:
glosses: Given to taking by force or plundering; aggressively greedy.
examples: text: Even the rapacious birds appeared to comprehend the nature of the ceremony, for […] they once more began to make their airy circuits above the place[…]
ref: 1827, James Fenimore Cooper, “Chapter XIII”, in The Prairie:
synonyms: predacious
predatory
qualifier: usually a bird
glosses: Subsisting off live prey.
raw_tags: of an animal
Related terms: rapaciously
rapaciousness
rapacity
fire company
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfaɪˌə(ɹ)kʌmpəni/
Forms: form: fire companies
Senses: topics: firefighting
government
glosses: An organization whose purpose is to extinguish fires.
topics: firefighting
government
glosses: A single emergency response unit and its personnel within a fire department
Hyponyms: sense: a single fire-fighting unit
word: engine company
sense: a single fire-fighting unit
word: ladder company
Related terms: fire brigade
fire department
firehouse
fire station
voir dire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvwɑː ˌdɪə/
ipa: /ˈvɔɹ ˌdaɪɹ/
ipa: /ˈvɔɹ ˌdɪɹ/
ipa: /ˈvwɑɹ ˌdɪɹ/
Forms: form: voir dires
Etymology: Anglo-Norman for “to say the truth”, from Old French voir (“true, truth”) + dire (“to say”), from Latin vērum + dīcere.
Senses: topics: law
glosses: The preliminary phase of a jury trial in which the jurors are examined and selected.
topics: law
glosses: A preliminary hearing without a jury in order to determine whether the evidence meets the test for admissibility to go to a full hearing at a criminal trial, in the legal systems of England and Wales, New Zealand, Australia, and the United States.
topics: law
glosses: A hearing in the context of a larger trial to determine some specific issue relevant to that trial, such as the admissibility of a piece of evidence or the competency of a witness to testify.
juror
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹəɹ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹɔɹ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɚɚ/
rhymes: -ʊəɹə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jurors
form: jurour
Etymology: From Middle English jurour, jurrour, borrowed from Anglo-Norman jurour and Old French jureor, from the verb jurer (“to swear”), or possibly from Latin iūrātor, iūrātōrem, whence the English doublet jurator.
Senses: examples: text: While unfailingly courteous to the jury, he could be quite sharp with counsel and witnesses, and rattle his sabre at the press: his first reported words in the case were that any journalist thinking of interviewing a juror 'had better bring a toothbrush'.
ref: 2014, Michael Bloch, Jeremy Thorpe:
text: The jurors listened carefully while Eidem portrayed Fern Sankey as an archconspirator who drove her husband into crime and was intimately involved in all major details of Charlie Boettcher's abduction.
ref: 2016, Timothy W. Bjorkman, Verne Sankey: America's First Public Enemy:
topics: law
glosses: A member of a jury.
Synonyms: word: jurat
word: juryman
word: juryperson
word: jurywoman
Derived terms: alternate juror
cojuror
grand juror
nonjuror
NCO
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: NCOs
Senses: topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Initialism of numerically controlled oscillator.
examples: text: There was for some reason a shortage not only of regular private soldiers but of officers and NCOs.
ref: 1989, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, translated by H. T. Willetts, August 1914, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 109:
text: For Sgt Kudrya, an NCO who has found himself commanding a company because of a lack of officers, this low-level war means a constant struggle with the elements, paper work (he is under constant pressure from above to account for each litre of petrol and round of ammunition), and the erosion of discipline born of boredom.
ref: 2017 January 14, Roland Oliphant, “Special report: Loose cannons at the frontline of Ukraine's forgotten war”, in The Telegraph:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Initialism of non-commissioned officer.
Related terms: VCO
bawdrick
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bawdricks
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of baldric.
inimical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/
Forms: form: more inimical
form: most inimical
Etymology: From Late Latin inimīcālis (“hostile”), from inimīcus (“enemy”) (from in- (“not”) + amīcus (“friend”)) + -ālis.
Senses: examples: text: She doesn’t want to touch it, and indeed every particle of her screams against doing so because it is somehow inimical to her.
ref: 2020, N. K. Jemisin, The City We Became, Orbit, page 178:
glosses: Harmful in effect.
examples: text: Her inimical attitude precludes romance.
glosses: Unfriendly, hostile.
Synonyms: inimic
inimicable
antagonistic
Derived terms: inimicality
inimicalness
uninimical
Related terms: inimically
enemy
inscrutable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnˈskɹuːtəbl̩/
Forms: form: more inscrutable
form: most inscrutable
Etymology: Borrowed into late Middle English from Late Latin īnscrūtābilis, from in- (“not”) + scrūtō (“to examine”), corresponding to in- + scrutable
Senses: examples: text: His inscrutable theories would years later become the foundation of a whole new science.
text: The pale, inscrutable determinateness, and flinchless intrepidity of Pierre, now began to domineer upon them; for any social unusualness or greatness is sometimes most impressive in the retrospect.
ref: 1852 July, Herman Melville, “Book XXIV. Lucy at the Apostles’.”, in Pierre: Or, The Ambiguities, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, section IV, page 445:
text: It was unconscious, this smile was, though just after he had said something it got intensified for an instant. It came at the end of his speeches like a seal applied on the words to make the meaning of the commonest phrase appear absolutely inscrutable.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 211, column 1:
text: She called my vanity license plate inscrutable! 'ICU81MI'? Hilarious!
ref: 2007 October 11, Robert Carlock, “Jack Gets in the Game”, in 30 Rock, season 2, episode 2, spoken by Tracy Jordan (Tracy Morgan):
text: The writer Juan Rulfo, whose 1955 novel, “Pedro Páramo,” still stands as the central monument of modern Mexican literature, grew up in Jalisco and vividly depicted its arid, sun-blasted landscapes in his writing, while the architect Luis Barragán, who moved from Guadalajara to Mexico City in the 1930s, carried with him an appreciation for his home state’s cloisters, haciendas and humble country buildings, which he translated in his own work as austere, inscrutable volumes of stucco.
ref: 2023 November 17, Michael Snyder, “A Guide to Guadalajara, Mexico’s City of Makers”, in The New York Times Style Magazine, archived from the original on 17 Nov 2023:
synonyms: word: abstruse
word: Chinese
word: dense
word: enigmatic
word: fathomless
word: Greek
word: inapprehensible
word: incognizable
word: incomprehensible
word: ineffable
word: inenubilable
word: inexplicable
word: impenetrable
word: insensible
word: inscrutable
word: insoluble
word: insolvable
word: mysterious
word: nonunderstandable
word: obscure
word: retruse
word: thick
word: undecipherable
word: undiscoverable
word: unexplainable
word: unfathomable
word: ungraspable
word: unintelligible
word: unknowable
word: ununderstandable
coordinate_terms: ineffable
glosses: Difficult or impossible to comprehend, fathom, or interpret.
Derived terms: inscrutability
inscrutableness
inscrutably
Related terms: scrutiny
inexplorable
inscrutable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnˈskɹuːtəbl̩/
Forms: form: inscrutables
Etymology: Borrowed into late Middle English from Late Latin īnscrūtābilis, from in- (“not”) + scrūtō (“to examine”), corresponding to in- + scrutable
Senses: glosses: One who or that which is inscrutable; a person, etc. that cannot be comprehended.
palliate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpælieɪt/
rhymes: -ælieɪt
ipa: /ˈpæliət/
Forms: form: palliates
form: palliating
form: palliated
form: palliated
Etymology: From Latin palliatus (“cloaked”) (in Late Latin the past participle of palliare (“to cover with a cloak”)), from pallium (“cloak”).
Senses: examples: text: And if there are some bankers out there who are still embarrassed by the size of their bonuses, then I propose that they palliate their guilt by giving to the Mayor's Fund for London to help deprived children in London.
ref: 2009, Boris Johnson, The Evening Standard, 15 Jan 09:
glosses: To relieve the symptoms of; to ameliorate.
glosses: To hide or disguise.
examples: April 5 1628, Bishop Joseph Hall, The Blessings, Sins, and Judgments of God's Vineyard
We extenuate not our guilt : whatever we sin , we condemn it as mortal : they palliate wickedness , with the fair pretence of veniality
glosses: To cover or disguise the seriousness of (a mistake, offence etc.) by excuses and apologies.
examples: text: "Ah, dearest!" replied he, "your spirits are exhausted,—perhaps unconsciously oppressed with the idea of that future whose pain and whose peril I have rather heightened than palliated."
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXXVI, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 300:
text: If, mindless of palliating circumstances, we are bound to regard the death of the Master-at-arms as the prisoner's deed, then does that deed constitute a capital crime whereof the penalty is a mortal one?
ref: 1924, Herman Melville, chapter 18, in Billy Budd, London: Constable & Co.:
glosses: To lessen the severity of; to extenuate, moderate, qualify.
examples: text: Bradly stopped dead, too confounded to be appalled. Young Podson! Impossible! He had last seen young Podson, a bank clerk, on the seat of a pub verandah in an inland town ninety miles away, Bradly's last painting town. A noosance, young Podson, only to be palliated on a pub verandah after dinner.
ref: 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 65:
text: Brown's options for the machinery of Whitehall are constrained, as for all prime ministers, by the need to palliate allies and hug enemies close (John Reid, say).
ref: 2007 January 25, “Looking towards a Brown future”, in The Guardian:
glosses: To placate or mollify.
Derived terms: palliator
palliatory
Related terms: palliation
palliative
pallium
palliate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpælieɪt/
rhymes: -ælieɪt
ipa: /ˈpæliət/
Forms: form: more palliate
form: most palliate
Etymology: From Latin palliatus (“cloaked”) (in Late Latin the past participle of palliare (“to cover with a cloak”)), from pallium (“cloak”).
Senses: glosses: Cloaked; hidden, concealed.
examples: text: [the] most helpful method of its Cure, which yet if palliate and imperfect would onely make way to more fatal Sickness
ref: 1661, John Fell, The life of the most learned, reverend, and pious Dr. H. Hammond:
glosses: Eased; mitigated; alleviated.
oneiric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /oʊˈnaɪ.ɹɪk/
ipa: /əʊˈnaɪ.ɹɪk/
Forms: form: more oneiric
form: most oneiric
form: oniric
Etymology: From oneir- + -ic, ultimately from Ancient Greek ὀνείρειος (oneíreios).
Senses: examples: text: Dreams contain oneiric images and oneiric symbols. Both of them are, in fact, 'distorted' manifestations of a latent content which resides in the dreamer's unconscious.
ref: 2007, Khaled Besbes, The Semiotics of Beckett's Theatre, →ISBN, page 238:
glosses: Of or pertaining to dreams.
examples: text: Rather, novelist Louise de Vilmorin, whose popular novel Madame de had been recently filmed by Max Ophuls, joined Malle in reworking Denon's novella and updating it into a combination of a modern comedy of manners and a daring, even oneiric love story that played with and defied many conventions of the romance genre.
ref: 2007, Richard John Neupert, A History of the French New Wave Cinema, →ISBN, page 109:
text: […] The Memory Palace [is] Edward Hollis's idiosyncratic tour of a series of historical interiors that have all disappeared or been dismantled. […] Hollis might have done far more with literature's unique contribution to our sense of domestic space as both commemorative and creative. […] [A]mid all the palaces with their dreamlike interiors, there is puzzlingly no place for the many oneiric palaces of poetry.
ref: 2013 September 21, Thomas Marks, “The Memory Palace: a Book of Lost Interiors, by Edward Hollis, review [print edition: Compendium of things now missing]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), page R29:
synonyms: dreamish
dreamy
dreamlike
glosses: Resembling a dream; dreamlike.
Derived terms: oneirically
Related terms: oneirism
oneirocritic
oneirologist
oneirology
oneiromancer
oneiromancy
oneironaut
oneirophobia