cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
rebirth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹiːˈbɜːθ/
ipa: /ɹiˈbɝθ/
ipa: /ɹiːˈbɜːθ/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)θ
Forms: form: rebirths
form: rebirthing
form: rebirthed
form: rebirthed
Etymology: From re- + birth.
Senses: examples: text: D’Alessandro fashioned it upon a book he wrote, the lost stories he rebirthed and cherished.
ref: 2011, John Trevillian, The A-Men Return, Kibworth Beauchamp, Leics.: Matador, →ISBN, page 196:
glosses: To cause to be born again, spiritually renewed, or revived.
examples: text: As I rebirthed and did the LRT, I began to love and accept myself as a woman.
ref: 1991, Rhonda Levand, “[Celebrating Our Sexuality] Balancing Male and Female Energy”, in Sexual Evolution: How Your Birth and Rebirth Affect Your Sexuality & What to Do About It, Berkeley, Calif.: Celestial Arts, →ISBN, page 176:
text: “And how ’bout me?” / “Two life sentences, probably.” / “The one life,” says Johnny, laughing, “isn’t enough? They don’t satisfy one, they want two? Maybe when I rebirth again, I owe them another next life.”
ref: 2001, John Sack, The Dragonhead: The True Story of the Godfather of Chinese Crime—His Rise and Fall, New York, N.Y.: Crown Publishers, →ISBN, page 371:
text: I rebirthed to let go of any belief systems of lack and limitation that might be blocking my success.
ref: 2008, Patricia Panahi, God Outside the Box: A Story of Breaking Free, Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 87:
text: “When I rebirth, you will eat of me. But not overmuch, I pray. The black spruce of Three Streams, echoing the sweet tongue of Betula Carla, be yet to forget. And forgive. Overmuch. Over so little. Over and over and over.”
ref: 2013, Michael Larsen, “Part 1: Choice”, in The Corridor, →ISBN, page 97:
glosses: To be born again, spiritually renewed, or revived.
absolute zero
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæb.səˌlut ˈzi.ɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˌæb.səˈljut ˈzi.ɹoʊ/
Forms: form: absolute zeros
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The coldest possible temperature, equivalent to zero on the Kelvin scale, or approximately −273.15 °C, −459.67 °F; a total absence of heat; the temperature at which the motion of all molecules would cease.
glosses: A person or thing of absolutely no consequence.
impact crater
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: impact craters
Senses: topics: astronomy
geography
geology
natural-sciences
synonyms: astrobleme
meteor crater
glosses: A crater formed from a hypervelocity impact, typically of a meteorite, as opposed to one formed by other means such as vulcanism.
examples: text: The accident occurred at 1413:42. Ground scars and wreckage scatter indicated that the airplane crashed into the Everglades in a right wing down, nose down attitude. The location of the primary impact crater was 25° 55’ north latitude, 80° 35’ west longitude, or approximately 17 miles northwest of MIA.
ref: 1997, National Transportation Safety Board, “1.1 History of Flight”, in Aircraft Accident Report: In-Flight Fire and Impact with Terrain, ValuJet Airlines Flight 592, DC-9-32, N904VJ, Everglades, Near Miami, Florida, May 11, 1996, archived from the original on 05 Apr 2022, pages 3–4:
glosses: A crater formed by a process involving impact (not necessarily a hypervelocity one).
shed light on
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: sheds light on
form: shedding light on
form: shed light on
form: shed light on
form: shed light upon
form: shed light
Senses: examples: text: The new instruments will shed some light on the history of these rocks.
text: There was another noticeable circumstance that shed light on human nature and Grim's knowledge of it.
text: Take it slow, take it easy on me / And shed some light, shed some light on me please
ref: 2007, Feist, Chilly Gonzales, “My Moon My Man”, in The Reminder, performed by Feist:
text: Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis:[…]. The evolutionary precursor of photosynthesis is still under debate, and a new study sheds light. The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the “water-oxidizing complex”, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom.
ref: 2013 September-October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, archived from the original on 03 Sep 2013:
text: The skeleton is an adult male who was buried with his hands bound together under his pelvis. It is suggested this unusual position means he could have been murdered or executed. […] We hope our osteologists will be able to shed more light on this potentially gruesome death.
ref: 2020 July 29, “Neolithic skeleton among finds unearthed at HS2 site”, in Rail, page 17:
glosses: To illuminate; to make clear.
Synonyms: sense: illuminate
word: enlighten
word: illuminate
sense: make clear
word: clear
sense: make clear
word: clear up
sense: make clear
word: elucidate
sense: make clear
word: throw light on
sense: make understood
word: elucidate
sense: make understood
word: sort out
sense: make understood
word: straighten out
sense: make understood
word: bring home
treasure
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɛʒə/
ipa: /ˈtɹɛʒɚ/
ipa: [ˈt͡ʃɹɛʒɚ]
rhymes: -ɛʒə(ɹ)
Forms: form: treasures
form: treasuring
form: treasured
form: treasured
form: threasure
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English tresour, from Old French tresor (“treasury”), from Latin thēsaurus (“treasure”), from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós, “treasure house”). Mostly displaced native Old English goldhord (See goldhoard) and Old English ġestrēon. Doublet of thesaurus.
Senses: examples: text: Oh, this ring is beautiful! I’ll treasure it forever.
text: I LOVE it, I love it ; and who shall dare
To chide me for loving that old Arm-chair ?
I've treasured it long as a sainted prize ;
I've bedewed it with tears, and embalmed it with sighs.
ref: 1838, Eliza Cook, “The Old Armchair”, in Melania and other Poems:
glosses: To consider to be precious; to value highly.
raw_tags: of a person or thing
examples: text: The rose-buds, withered as they were, were still treasured under his cuirass, and nearest to his heart.
ref: 1825, Walter Scott, The Talisman:
glosses: To store or stow in a safe place.
glosses: To enrich.
Synonyms: sense: to consider to be precious
word: cherish
sense: to consider to be precious
word: prize
Derived terms: sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: buried treasure
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: intreasure
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: national treasure
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasurable
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure chest
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: Treasure County
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure flower
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure house
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure hunt
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasureless
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasurelike
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure map
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasurer
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure ship
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasuress
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasure trove
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: treasury
sense: Terms derived from the noun or verb treasure
word: untreasure
treasure trove
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: treasure troves
form: treasures trove
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman tresor trové (“found treasure”), calque of Latin thesaurus inventus, where the past participle trové was interpreted in English as a noun.
Perhaps related to trophy.
Senses: glosses: A hidden treasure, subsequently discovered.
glosses: A valuable discovery.
topics: law
glosses: Precious metal objects that were buried or concealed by an unknown owner.
examples: text: His house is a treasure trove of weird socks.
text: So while Hobson-Jobson is a veritable treasure trove of scholarly knowledge, unless it can be independently verified, that knowledge is best used with caution.
ref: 2018, James Lambert, “Setting the Record Straight: An In-depth Examination of Hobson-Jobson”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 31, number 4, →DOI, page 502:
text: Council's tip shops in Acacia Ridge and Geebung are treasure troves for everyone from budding home stylists to outdoor enthusiasts.
ref: 2021 February 1, Living in Brisbane, Brisbane, page 7:
glosses: A place where many things of value can be found.
Synonyms: sense: treasure subsequently discovered
word: hoard
Related terms: trove
treasure
cash register
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cash registers
Senses: synonyms: till
glosses: A machine that tabulates the amount of sales transactions, makes a permanent and cumulative record of them, and has a drawer in which cash can be kept.
glosses: A point of sale.
treasury
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɛʒ.ə.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈtɹɛʒ.ɚ.i/
Forms: form: treasuries
Etymology: From Middle English tresorie, from Old French tresorie, from tresor (“treasure”), from Latin thēsaurus (“treasure”), from Ancient Greek θησαυρός (thēsaurós, “treasure house”). Displaced native Old English māþmhūs.
Senses: glosses: A place where treasure is stored safely.
glosses: A place where state or royal money and valuables are stored.
topics: government
glosses: Ellipsis of treasury department.
topics: business
finance
glosses: Ellipsis of treasury bond.
glosses: A collection of artistic or literary works.
examples: text: Now since he hath the grace, thus gracelesse be
 His neighbors sweare he'le swell with treasurie.
ref: 1599, W. Kinsayder or Theriomastix [pseudonyms; John Marston], “Totum in Toto”, in The Scourge of Villanie. […], London: […] I[ames] R[oberts], →OCLC; republished as G[eorge] B[agshawe] Harrison, editor, The Scourge of Villanie (The Bodley Head Quartos; 13), London: John Lane, The Bodley Head […]; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Company, 1925, →OCLC, page 56:
glosses: A treasure.
Derived terms: Treasury bill
treasury bond
treasury certificate
treasury management
treasury note
treasury security
treasury stock
treasury tag
Related terms: thesaurus
treasure
treasurer
exchequer
public purse
treasurer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɛʒəɹə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: treasurers
Etymology: From Middle English tresorer, from Old French tresorer, from tresor + -er. Displaced native Old English māþmhierde.
Senses: glosses: The government official in charge of the Treasury.
glosses: The head of a corporation's treasury department.
glosses: The official entrusted with the funds and revenues of an organization such as a club.
Derived terms: corporate treasurer
treasurership
Related terms: treasuress
treasury
last but not least
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlæst bʌt nɑt ˈlist/
ipa: /ˈlɑːst bʌt nɒt ˈliːst/
Forms: form: last but not least often followed by a comma
Etymology: Rhetoric:
A possible/common pattern to arrange a speech or essay suggests putting your strongest and thus most important argument favoring your own opinion first and conclude with the weakest, thus least important argument.
Senses: examples: text: And, last but not least, Pep Guardiola’s tactical mastery shone through despite setbacks.
ref: 2020 July 26, Louise Taylor, “Premier League 2019-20 season review: our writers’ best and worst”, in The Guardian:
glosses: An expression to start the last item of a list, emphasising that while it is listed last, it is just as important as the rest of the items.
Synonyms: and of course
archipelago
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɑːkɪˈpɛləɡəʊ/
ipa: /ˌɑɹkəˈpɛləˌɡoʊ/
Forms: form: archipelagos
form: archipelagoes
Etymology: From Italian arcipelago, formed on the basis of Ancient Greek ἀρχι- (arkhi-, “main”) + πέλαγος (pélagos, “sea”), a designation for the Aegean Sea. (Compare arch- and high seas.) The Aegean Sea is a sea with many islands; the term Arcipelago, originally a proper noun referring to the Aegean Sea, was first generalized to a common noun for any sea with many islands, and then to the islands in such a sea.
Senses: examples: text: For many years past the whaleship has been the pioneer in ferreting out the remotest and least known parts of the earth. She has explored seas and archipelagoes which had no chart, where no Cook or Vancouver had ever sailed.
ref: 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:
topics: geography
natural-sciences
glosses: A group of islands.
examples: text: [I]n his imagination he had settled his route, through Holland and France to Sicily, which he had long wished to see, and from thence to the Archipelago […].
ref: 1791, Charlotte Smith, Celestina, Broadview, published 2004, page 413:
glosses: The Aegean Sea.
examples: text: The Gulag Archipelago
glosses: Something scattered around like an archipelago.
Derived terms: archipelagal
archipelagic
archipelago big-eyed treefrog
Arctic Archipelago
Bazaruto Archipelago
Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Nordenskiöld Archipelago
subarchipelago
archipelago
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɑːkɪˈpɛləɡəʊ/
ipa: /ˌɑɹkəˈpɛləˌɡoʊ/
Forms: form: archipelagos
form: archipelagoing
form: archipelagoed
form: archipelagoed
Etymology: From Italian arcipelago, formed on the basis of Ancient Greek ἀρχι- (arkhi-, “main”) + πέλαγος (pélagos, “sea”), a designation for the Aegean Sea. (Compare arch- and high seas.) The Aegean Sea is a sea with many islands; the term Arcipelago, originally a proper noun referring to the Aegean Sea, was first generalized to a common noun for any sea with many islands, and then to the islands in such a sea.
Senses: examples: text: As the seas level, as the seas / Swept into ripples by the breeze, / And archipelagoed by trees, / Majestic spreading oaks, that rise / Like island walls against the skies.
ref: 1912, Samuel John Alexander, “The Regions Which Are Holy Land”, in The Inverted Torch, and Other Poems, San Francisco, C.A.: A. M. Robertson, page 183:
text: There is no debating that there is a Gardener whose gardens are spontaneous as a sunup, no crimson and purple clouds archipelagoing the morning skies.
ref: 1924, William A[lfred] Quayle, Out-of-Doors with Jesus, New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, O.H.: Abingdon Press, page 196:
text: Crevasse! The word which describes the frightful chasm into which nature's mighty stresses break glaciers, the people of the Lower Mississippi applied to the river when its destruction burst upon the land. It meant a rush of water which might be fifteen feet high and a hundred feet wide the first hour, four hundred the next, and half a mile the next day; and which hurled itself upon towns and plantations, to gouge vast cavities and carry destruction fifty miles a day; the current sweeping away everything in its immediate path, but losing its violence farther away in the placidity of a vast sea archipelagoed by tree tops and house roofs and beaconed by factory chimneys.
ref: 1944, Thomas Ewing Dabney, One Hundred Great Years: The Story of the Times-Picayune From Its Founding to 1940, Baton Rouge, L.A.: Louisiana State University Press, page 432:
text: For a long time he had kept a pet crow called Topsy; it ate gobbets of cheese from his hand and archipelagoed the floor of his hut with droppings.
ref: 1987, Jeremy Reed, Blue Rock, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN, page 53:
glosses: To scatter or be scattered so as to resemble a group of islands.
Derived terms: archipelagoed
Related terms: island chain
harmony
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɑː.mə.ni/
ipa: /ˈhɑɹ.mə.ni/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)məni
homophone: hominy (non-rhotic, father-bother merger, weak vowel merger)
Forms: form: harmonies
Etymology: First attested in 1602. From Middle English armonye, from Old French harmonie/armonie, from Latin harmonia, from Ancient Greek ἁρμονία (harmonía, “joint, union, agreement, concord of sounds”), either from or cognate with ἁρμόζω (harmózō, “I fit together”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to join, fit, fix together”). Doublet of harmonia.
Senses: examples: December 4 2010, Evan Thomas, "Why It’s Time to Worry", in Newsweekk
America's social harmony has depended at least to some degree on economic growth. It is easier to get along when everyone, more or less, is getting ahead.
glosses: Agreement or accord.
glosses: A pleasing combination of elements, or arrangement of sounds.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The academic study of chords.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Two or more notes played simultaneously to produce a chord.
examples: text: I did not know anything more about music,only about finger exercises, difficult tasks, contradictions in the theory of harmony, and tedious piano lessons from a sarcastic teacher who saw in my […]
ref: 2012 December 21, Hermann Hesse, Gertrude: A Novel, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, →OCLC:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The relationship between two distinct musical pitches (musical pitches being frequencies of vibration which produce audible sound) played simultaneously.
examples: text: a harmony of the Gospels
glosses: A literary work which brings together or arranges systematically parallel passages of historians respecting the same events, and shows their agreement or consistency.
Derived terms: close harmony
disharmony
guitarmony
harmolodics
harmoniphone
harmonisation
harmonism
Harmonist
harmonist
Harmonite
harmonogram
harmonograph
harmony of the spheres
imitative harmony
inharmony
negative harmony
nonharmony
poly-harmony
polyharmony
preestablished harmony
pre-established harmony
synharmony
telharmony
unharmony
vowel harmony
xenharmony
Related terms: harmonic
harmonics
harmonious
harmonize
harmonizer
inharmonious
philharmonic
proprietor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈpɹaɪətɚ/
Forms: form: proprietors
Etymology: Probably from proprietary + -or.
Senses: examples: text: Here the proprietor has had the good sense of holding on to the good old fashion of giving his customers their moneyworth of good wines and liquors.
ref: 1879, Chas. McArmor, The New Handbook of Vienna […] , 2nd edition, Otto Maass, page 106:
text: The [Washington] Post's proprietor through those turbulent [Watergate] days, Katharine Graham, held a double place in Washington’s hierarchy: at once regal Georgetown hostess and scrappy newshound, ready to hold the establishment to account. That is a very American position. British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins.
ref: 2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
glosses: An owner.
glosses: A sole owner of an unincorporated business, also called a sole proprietor.
glosses: One of the owners of an unincorporated business, a partner.
examples: text: From 10 September 1621 till 12 June 1632, Sir William Alexander, styled Earl of Stirling and Viscount of Canada, was proprietor of the Scottish colony Nova Scotia.
topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: One or more persons to whom a colonial territory is assigned, like a fief, including its administration.
Hypernyms: entrepreneur
Coordinate terms: partner
Derived terms: Lord proprietor
proprietorship
proprietress
sole proprietor
Related terms: appropriate
corporation
proper
property
gopher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡəʊfə/
ipa: /ˈɡoʊfɚ/
rhymes: -əʊfə(ɹ)
Forms: form: gophers
form: gauffre
Etymology: Perhaps an adaptation of Cajun French gaufre (literally “honeycomb, waffle”), based on the analogy of holes in the ground to the indentations in a honeycomb or a waffle (doublet of waffle). Alternatively, from Muskogean.
Senses: glosses: A small burrowing rodent native to North and Central America, especially in the family Geomyidae (pocket gophers).
glosses: A ground squirrel (Marmotinae spp.).
glosses: A gopher tortoise (Gopherus spp.).
glosses: A gopher rockfish (Sebastes carnatus).
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: A Golang programmer.
Derived terms: word: camas pocket gopher
word: gopher ball
word: gopherlike
word: gopher mob
word: gopher snake
taxonomic: Euphorbia spp.
word: gopher spurge
taxonomic: Geomyidae sp.
word: pocket gopher
word: striped gopher
Related terms: gopher wood
gopher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡəʊfə/
ipa: /ˈɡoʊfɚ/
rhymes: -əʊfə(ɹ)
Forms: form: gophers
Senses: examples: text: Crackpot Texan oil magnate Felix Happer (Burt Lancaster) gets the idea that a small Scottish fishing village would be a marvellous acquisition for his so-rich-it-makes-you-sick company, Knox Oil and Gas, so he sends an executive gopher named MacIntyre (because that sounds Scottish, yeah – played by Peter Riegert) to close the deal and get the pipeline pencilled in.
ref: 2015 March 12, Bill Mann, “The film that makes me cry: Local Hero”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Alternative spelling of gofer.
Yankee Doodle
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A patriotic song popular with the Americans in their Revolutionary War.
Yankee Doodle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Yankee Doodles
Senses: glosses: A native or inhabitant of the United States.
glosses: An American citizen born on the 4th of July.
swarf
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /swɔːf/
ipa: /swɔɹf/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)f
rhymes: -ɔːf
Forms: form: swarfs
form: swarfing
form: swarfed
form: swarfed
Etymology: From Middle English *swarf, *swerf, from Old English ġeswearf, ġesweorf (“iron filings; rust”) and/or Old Norse svarf (“metallic dust”), both from Proto-Germanic *swarbą (“that which is rubbed off; shavings”), from Proto-Germanic *swerbaną (“to mop, wipe; to rub off”); see further at swerve. The word is cognate to Old English sweorfan (“to rub, scour; to file”).
Senses: examples: text: A machine for swarfing the joining edges of parts or sub-assemblies having compound angle surfaces is announced by the Rockford Machine Tool Co., Rockford, 111.
ref: 1958, “Rockford Hydraulic Swarfing Machine”, in Machinery, volume 65, part 2, New York, N.Y.: Industrial Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 160, column 1:
text: Hydraulic mill is used for swarfing the joining edges of parts or sub-assemblies with compound surfaces.
ref: 1959, Aircraft and Missiles Manufacturing, volume 2, Philadelphia, Pa.: Chilton Company, →OCLC, page 114, column 1:
text: This weakend^([sic – meaning weakened]) layer is swarfed off by rubbing of chip, consequently, severe cratering is manifested on tool face after total cutting time Tc. However, the whole interacted layer is not swarfed off, and the influence of thin residual layer is ignored at the theoretical analysis.
ref: 1976, Bulletin of the Japan Society of Precision Engineering, Tokyo: Japan Society of Precision Engineering, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 90, column 2:
glosses: To grind down.
swarf
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /swɔːf/
ipa: /swɔɹf/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)f
rhymes: -ɔːf
Forms: form: swarfs
form: swarfing
form: swarfed
form: swarfed
Etymology: From Middle English swarven, swerven (“to go; to deviate, turn aside; to stagger, be unsteady; to swerve”), from Old English sweorfan (“to wipe; to polish; to rub, scour; to file”), from Proto-Germanic *swerbaną (“to mop, wipe; to rub off”). The word is cognate to Middle Dutch swerven (“to rove; to stray”) (whence Dutch zwerven (“to roam”)), Low German swarven (“to rove; to stray; to riot”), Old Norse svarfa (“to sweep; to be agitated, upset”), Norwegian svarva (“to agitate”), sverva (“to whirl”). See swerve.
Senses: examples: text: Meg, rinnin like a flae in blanket, / Her coats upon a lang nail hanket, / That gart her coup the creels [i.e., fall head over heels] an' ſqueel, / "Ah! Sirce, I'm gruppet by a de'il!" / An' as ſhe near the threſhold lay, / Wae's me! ſhe near hand ſwarf'd away!
ref: 1796, “G.” [i.e., Richard Gall], “The Tint Quey;^([sic – meaning Cow]) or Thrawart Maggy”, in Archibald Steel, Richard Gall, The Twa Cuckolds; and The Tint Quey, or Thrawart Maggy. Two Tales, in the Scottish Dialect, Edinburgh: Printed for and sold by the booksellers, →OCLC, page 20:
text: Moreover, the evil reputation of the master, and his strange and doubtful end, or at least, sudden disappearance, prevented any, excepting the most desperate of men, to seek any advice or opinion from the servant; wherefore, the poor vermin was likely at first to swarf for very hunger.
ref: 1821 January 8, [Walter Scott], chapter IX, in Kenilworth; a Romance. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; and John Ballantyne, […]; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 235:
text: But afore her volumes fell into my hauns, my soul had been frichtened by a' kinds of traditionary terrors, and mony hunder times hae I maist swarfed wi' fear in lonesome spats in muirs and woods, at midnicht, when no a leevin thing was movin but mysel and the great moon.
ref: 1826 July, John Wilson, “Noctes Ambrosianae. No. XXVII.”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume XX, number CXIV, Edinburgh: William Blackwood; London: T[homas] Cadell, Strand, London, →OCLC, page 107:
glosses: To grow languid; to faint.
swarf
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /swɔːf/
ipa: /swɔɹf/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)f
rhymes: -ɔːf
Forms: form: swarfs
Etymology: From Middle English swarven, swerven (“to go; to deviate, turn aside; to stagger, be unsteady; to swerve”), from Old English sweorfan (“to wipe; to polish; to rub, scour; to file”), from Proto-Germanic *swerbaną (“to mop, wipe; to rub off”). The word is cognate to Middle Dutch swerven (“to rove; to stray”) (whence Dutch zwerven (“to roam”)), Low German swarven (“to rove; to stray; to riot”), Old Norse svarfa (“to sweep; to be agitated, upset”), Norwegian svarva (“to agitate”), sverva (“to whirl”). See swerve.
Senses: examples: text: And when they had ſo continued feaſting for a ſhort time, they had been ſo ſerved before, and the food was ſo rare and excellent, that they fell into a ſwarf, and cried out, Cant[icle of Canticles] ii. 4, 5. 'He hath brought me into the banqueting-houſe, and his banner over me was love. O ſtay me with flaggons, comfort me with apples, for I am ſick of love.'
ref: 1795, John Adamson, The Loss and Recovery of Elect Sinners: With the Difficulty of Their Coming Back Again to Glory. Methodically Held Forth under the Similitude of Captives Ransomed and Returning from Slavery, Paisley, Renfrewshire: Printed by J. Neilson, for James Gillies, bookseller, Glasgow, →OCLC, page 227:
glosses: A faint or swoon.
Related terms: swarf-penny
Schatz
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃæts/
rhymes: -æts
Forms: form: Schatzes
Etymology: * As a German and Jewish surname, from Schatz (“treasure”).
* Also as a Jewish surname, from an acronym derived from Hebrew שליח ציבור (shalíakh tsibúr), "congregation's emissary," of the Hazzan.
Senses: glosses: A surname.
dedo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dedos
Etymology: From Spanish and Portuguese dedo (“digit, finger”), from Old Spanish and Old Galician-Portuguese dedo, from Latin digitus, from Proto-Indo-European *deyǵ- (“to show, to point out”). Doublet of digit.
Senses: glosses: A traditional short Spanish unit of length, usually about equal to 1.75 cm.
glosses: A traditional short Portuguese unit of length, usually about equal to 1.8 cm.
Synonyms: word: finger
english: in Spanish or Portuguese contexts
translation: in Spanish or Portuguese contexts
word: digit
Coordinate terms: sense: Spanish unit
word: punto (1⁄108 dedo)
sense: Spanish unit
word: linea (1⁄9 dedo)
sense: Spanish unit
word: pulgada (1+1⁄3 dedos)
sense: Spanish unit
word: coto (6 dedos)
sense: Spanish unit
word: palmo (12 dedos)
sense: Spanish unit
word: pie (16 dedos)
sense: Spanish unit
word: codo (24 dedos)
sense: Spanish unit
word: vara (48 dedos)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: ponto (1⁄96 dedo)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: linha (1⁄8 dedo)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: grao (1⁄4 dedo)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: polegada (1+1⁄2 dedos)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: palmo (12 dedos)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: Portuguese foot (18 dedos)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: covado (36 dedos)
sense: Portuguese unit
word: vara (60 dedos)
oak
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əʊk/
enpr: ōk
ipa: /oʊk/
enpr: wōk
ipa: /woʊk/
rhymes: -əʊk
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English ook, oke, aik, ake, from Old English āc (also as Old English ǣċ), from Proto-West Germanic *aik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).
Cognates
From Proto-Germanic: Scots aik, West Frisian iik, Dutch eik, German Eiche, German Low German Eek, Danish eg, Norwegian Bokmål eik, Norwegian Nynorsk eik, Swedish ek, Yiddish אייכנבוים (eykhnboym).
From Proto-Indo-European: Latin aesculus (“Durmast oak”), Lithuanian ąžuolas (“oak”), Albanian enjë (“juniper, yew”), Ancient Greek αἰγίλωψ (aigílōps, “Turkey oak”).
Senses: glosses: Having a rich brown color, like that of oak wood.
examples: an oak table, oak beam, etc.
glosses: Made of oak wood or timber.
Synonyms: sense: made of oak
word: oaken
oak
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əʊk/
enpr: ōk
ipa: /oʊk/
enpr: wōk
ipa: /woʊk/
rhymes: -əʊk
Forms: form: oaks
form: oaking
form: oaked
form: oaked
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English ook, oke, aik, ake, from Old English āc (also as Old English ǣċ), from Proto-West Germanic *aik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”).
Cognates
From Proto-Germanic: Scots aik, West Frisian iik, Dutch eik, German Eiche, German Low German Eek, Danish eg, Norwegian Bokmål eik, Norwegian Nynorsk eik, Swedish ek, Yiddish אייכנבוים (eykhnboym).
From Proto-Indo-European: Latin aesculus (“Durmast oak”), Lithuanian ąžuolas (“oak”), Albanian enjë (“juniper, yew”), Ancient Greek αἰγίλωψ (aigílōps, “Turkey oak”).
Senses: topics: beverages
food
lifestyle
oenology
wine
glosses: To expose to oak in order for the oak to impart its flavors.
Related terms: acorn
cork
ellagic acid
encina
nutgall
quercetin
quercitron
roble
shillelagh
tanbark
valonia
wainscot
compositional grammar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: compositional grammars
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: consciously employed musical grammar.
Related terms: grammar
natural grammar
artificial grammar
listening grammar
natural grammar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: natural grammars
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A musical grammar which arises spontaneously in a musical culture (as opposed to an artificial grammar).
Related terms: grammar
musical grammar
compositional grammar
artificial grammar
metrical structure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: metrical structures
Senses: glosses: The pattern of the beats in a piece of music, which includes meter, tempo, and all other rhythmic aspects.
glosses: The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a poem.
Related terms: grouping structure
meter
metrical
politically correct
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: politically corrects
form: politically correcting
form: politically corrected
form: politically corrected
form: PC
form: P.C.
Etymology: The earliest known attestation is in late 18th century United States, in response to a toast made to “the United States” instead of to “the people of the United States”.
In the early twentieth century the term was associated with the dogmatic application of Stalinist and Communist Party doctrine, and later popularised by Mao Zedong in his 1963 essay Where Do Correct Ideas Come From? which equated “correct” with “the disciplined acceptance of a party line”.
In the 1970s it was adopted by wider left-wing politics. The first known use in this sense was by Toni Cade in her 1970 anthology The Black Woman. It was subsequently used in a statement by Karen DeCrow in December 1975 in her capacity as president of the National Organization for Women.
In the 1980s it acquired the pejorative sense when used to mock conformist liberal academics, their stereotypical political views and alleged attempts to control language.
Senses: examples: text: There is nothing new or progressive in the politically corrected vocabularies that now amuse the prejudiced.
ref: 1998, Humphrey McQueen, Temper Democratic: How Exceptional is Australia?, Wakefield Press, →ISBN, page 190:
text: Thus, although Pastoral Paul contradicts, updates, and politically corrects Paul of the authentic letters in accordance with the horizontalized, non-sectarian interest of the Pastorals, he does this as an extension of a decidedly this-worldly, conservative paraenesis which may be seen as Paul's own contradiction of his apocalyptic eschatological interpretation.
ref: 2005, Lone Fatum, “Christ Domesticated”, in Jostein Ådna, editor, The Formation of the Early Church, Mohr Siebeck, →ISBN, page 196:
text: Yet we follow McIntyre into the jungles as eagerly as if we were children lost in an adventure novel by (a politically corrected) H. Rider Haggard.
ref: 2016 February 26, Ben Brantley, “Review: You See ‘The Encounter’ With Your Ears”, in New York Times:
glosses: To modify in a way that is considered more respectful to minorities.
examples: text: Even a senior Chinese scholar-official who had been politically correcting my arguments and opinions throughout the conference smiled and accepted that the academic standards to which we both had to comply were quite different—I would be ridiculed by my own colleagues were I to adopt the standards of China, which he nonetheless deemed the (officially sanctioned) correct ones.
ref: 2013, Andrew Martin Fischer, “Preface”, in The Disempowered Development of Tibet in China, Lexington Books, →ISBN, page xxxiv:
glosses: To modify in a way that conforms more to the official position of a government or political party.
Related terms: word: woke
stability conditions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Time-span and prolongational reductions depend on stability conditions.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Pitch configurations, as considered "out of time".
well-formedness rules
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The conditions for hierarchy.
Related terms: rule
preference rules
transformational rules
transformational rule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: transformational rules
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A rule that modifies a well-formed structure (in limited ways).
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A rule that takes an input and changes it in some restricted way to result in a surface structure.
Related terms: preference rule
well-formedness rule
correctly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/
Forms: form: more correctly
form: most correctly
Etymology: From correct + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Most people couldn't pronounce Daragh's name correctly, so he went by the name of "Dave" instead.
text: Bruhat rattled off a head-spinning 29 correctly spelled words in 90 seconds, including heautophany, nachschläge and puszta.
ref: 2024 May 30, Aimee Ortiz and Alexandra E. Petri, “From 74th Place to Spelling Champion: One Boy’s Journey to Win the Scripps Bee”, in The New York Times:
glosses: In a correct manner.
Synonyms: accurately
exactly
precisely
Related terms: politically correctly
politically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more politically
form: most politically
Etymology: From political + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: tackle a matter politically
glosses: In a political manner.
examples: text: politically insensitive
text: a politically-charged speech
text: Although politically he claims to be a Democrat, his actions are more Republican.
text: Nevertheless intellectually, ideologically and politically he identified with industrialists whom he, just like Smith, saw as the usherers of progress.
ref: 2002, Yanis Varoufakis, Foundations of Economics: A Beginner's Companion, page 25:
text: Attorney General Merrick Garland said Thursday that when it comes to politically sensitive investigations, the Justice Department does “not shy away from cases that are controversial or sensitive or political.”
ref: 2022 March 10, Tierney Sneed, “AG Merrick Garland says avoiding politically sensitive cases could ‘undermine’ the rule of law”, in CNN:
antonyms: apolitically
glosses: Regarding politics, in a way connected to politics.
Derived terms: geopolitically
nonpolitically
politically correct
politically homeless
politically incorrect
Related terms: politicly
politics
prolongational reduction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prolongational reductions
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The pattern, as perceived, of tension and relaxation among events in various levels of structure, projected from time-span reduction.
Related terms: stability conditions
determiner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nə(ɹ)/
ipa: /dɪˈtɝ.mɪ.nɚ/
Forms: form: determiners
Etymology: From determine + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonym: definer
text: In quality management, the determiners of quality sometimes differ across use cases.
text: The "steel-yards" and "measures" were the only determiners of weight and quantity — as the hour-glass and sun dial were of time — possessed at first (so far as appears) by the passengers of the Pilgrim ship […]
ref: 1901, Azel Ames, The Mayflower and Her Log:
glosses: Someone or something that determines, or helps to determine, something else.
A factor that defines something, or one among several that define it.
examples: text: Near-synonyms: decider, decisor, disposer, definer, arbiter, arbitrator, decisionmaker
text: He is the determiner [usually referring to God (in theological contexts) and job roles (in administrative contexts)]
text: Who is the determiner? [administratively or theologically]
text: The software is the determiner if no input is given before the prompt times out.
glosses: Someone or something that determines, or helps to determine, something else.
Someone or something (especially a sentient agent) that determines; a decider of a disposition.
examples: text: Near-synonym: determinative (broadly synonymous)
text: Definite articles, indefinite articles, and cardinal numbers acting as quantifiers are types of determiners.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
hypernyms: function word
glosses: A member of a class of words functioning in a noun phrase to identify or distinguish a referent without describing or modifying it.
examples: text: Near-synonym: determinative (broadly synonymous)
text: In the sentence "Many people voted for him," the word many is a determiner.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A dependent function in a noun phrase that marks it as definite or indefinite. This function is usually filled by words in the determinative class but may be filled by other elements such as a genitive pronoun.
Derived terms: topics: grammar
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: determiner phrase
topics: grammar
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: predeterminer
topics: grammar
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: postdeterminer
topics: grammar
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: null determiner
topics: grammar
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: determinerhood
topics: grammar
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: determinerless
Related terms: article
demonstrative
schism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɪzəm/
ipa: /ˈsɪzəm/
ipa: /ˈʃɪzəm/
rhymes: -ɪzəm
Forms: form: schisms
Etymology: From Middle English scisme, from Old French cisme or scisme, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”). Doublet of schisma. Compare chasm.
This word was historically pronounced /ˈsɪzəm/ (and still is among the clergy); the pronunciations /ˈʃɪzəm/, /ˈskɪzəm/ are due to the spelling (the latter may have been reinforced by learned influence); compare schedule.
Senses: examples: text: Despite personal schisms and differences in spiritual experience, there is a very coherent theology of Snape shared between the wives. To examine this manifestation of religious fandom, I will first discuss the canon scepticism and anti-Rowling sentiment that helps to contextualise the wider belief in Snape as a character who extends beyond book and film.
ref: 2014 March 3, Zoe Alderton, “‘Snapewives’ and ‘Snapeism’: A Fiction-Based Religion within the Harry Potter Fandom”, in Religions, volume 5, number 1, MDPI, →DOI, pages 219–257:
text: But Harry, in his civilian suit, was also a reminder of the schism between the traditional and the modern in the royal family that can’t be drowned out by pageantry.
ref: 2023 May 6, James Poniewozik, “Charles III Was Crowned King. But Can He Ever Be the Star?”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A split or separation within a group or organization, typically caused by discord.
examples: text: The schism between Sunnis and Shias happened quite early in Islamic history.
topics: lifestyle
religion
glosses: A formal division or split within a religious body.
topics: Catholicism
Christianity
glosses: a split within Christianity whereby a group no longer recognizes the Bishop of Rome as the head of the Church, but shares essentially the same beliefs with the Church of Rome. In other words, a political split without the introduction of heresy.
Synonyms: sense: split or separation
word: division
sense: split or separation
word: separation
sense: split or separation
word: split
Derived terms: schism-shop
Related terms: schismatic
schismatize
schism
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɪzəm/
ipa: /ˈsɪzəm/
ipa: /ˈʃɪzəm/
rhymes: -ɪzəm
Forms: form: schisms
form: schisming
form: schismed
form: schismed
Etymology: From Middle English scisme, from Old French cisme or scisme, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”). Doublet of schisma. Compare chasm.
This word was historically pronounced /ˈsɪzəm/ (and still is among the clergy); the pronunciations /ˈʃɪzəm/, /ˈskɪzəm/ are due to the spelling (the latter may have been reinforced by learned influence); compare schedule.
Senses: examples: text: “This is going to schism Maga terribly online,” Kirk said. “You're going to see—I don't want to say a Maga civil war, but it's going to be a Maga online food fight that is going to be very hard to navigate.”
ref: 2025 June 14, Guy Chazan, quoting Charlie Kirk, “Trump's anti-war pledge tested amid Maga base fear of fresh conflict”, in FT Weekend, page 4:
glosses: To split, divide (a group or organization).
impatient
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/
Forms: form: more impatient
form: most impatient
form: inpatient
Etymology: From Old French impacient (modern French impatient), from Latin impatiēns. By surface analysis, im- + patient.
Senses: examples: text: She dances when she becomes impatient.
text: The impatient man will not give himself time to be informed of the matter that lies before him.
ref: 1712 August 19 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “FRIDAY, August 8, 1712”, in The Spectator, number 469; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume V, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:
glosses: Restless, short of temper, and intolerant of delays.
examples: text: For, if (ſaid he) you throw among five Yahoos as much Food as would be ſufficient for fifty, they will, inſtead of eating peaceably, fall together by the ears, each ſingle one impatient to have all to itſelf; […]
ref: 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author’s Great Love of His Native Country. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part IV (A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms), page 258:
glosses: Anxious and eager, especially to begin or have something.
examples: text: Dismayed with so defperate deadly wound,
And eke impatient of unwonted payne,
He lowdly bray'd with beastly yelling sownd
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto VIII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
glosses: Not to be borne; unendurable.
examples: text: impatient speeches or replies
text: What, will you tear / Impatient answers from my gentle tongue?
ref: c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], line 287:
glosses: Prompted by, or exhibiting, impatience.
Derived terms: impassive
impatience
impatiently
impatientness
unimpatient
impatiently
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/
Forms: form: more impatiently
form: most impatiently
Etymology: From impatient + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Stella was waiting impatiently for the delivery to come.
text: He watched his corn impatiently for two days, and, as it did not come up, he thought he would plant it again with beans. He ought to have waited longer.
ref: 1848, Jacob Abbott, “Story I. Labour Lost.—Elky.”, in Rollo at Work: Or, The Way for a Boy to Learn to be Industrious, London: James S. Hodson, page 5:
text: The keys are awaiting
Thy magical touch,
And the strings are impatiently mute.
ref: 1887, James H. Scott, “O, Where Is Our Bird?”, in Poems, second edition, St. Louis: Slawson & Co., page 68:
text: When the work was almost completed, the Pope impatiently asked when it would be finished. Michelangelo answered, "When I shall be able".
ref: 1946 July 1, “Sistine Ceiling[:] In Vatican chapel Michelangelo painted tremendous scenes from Bible”, in LIFE, volume 21, number 1, Time Inc, →ISSN, page 63:
glosses: In an impatient manner.
big toe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: big toes
Etymology: big + toe
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
synonyms: great toe
hallux
large toe
glosses: The largest toe (usually) on each human foot (i.e. the toe closest to the other foot when the feet are flat on the ground, side by side, and the legs not crossed) or on a foot of certain other animals.
examples: text: Our SoCal fave? Bigfoot toting a surfboard to hang 10 very big toes.
ref: 2017 March 15, Valli Herman, “9 ways to give your running gear a spring makeover”, in Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles, Calif.: Los Angeles Times Communications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 15 Mar 2017:
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see big, toe.
Derived terms: big toenail
eco-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Pronunciation: enpr: ĕkŏ-
ipa: /ˈiːkəʊ/
ipa: /ˈɛkoʊ/
Etymology: From French éco-, from Latin oeco-, from Ancient Greek οἶκος (oîkos, “house, household”).
Senses: glosses: ecology or the environment (in the ecological sense)
glosses: economy
Derived terms: ecoporn
eco-town
econometrics
econometry
economy
ecto-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛktoʊ-/
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐκτός (ektós, “outside”). Sense 2 ("ghost-related") is a reinterpretation of this prefix in the word ectoplasm (“paranormal substance believed to be involved in the materialization of the dead”), for the etymology of which see there.
Senses: synonyms: out-
ex-
exo-
antonyms: in-
intra-
en-/em-/im-
end-/endo-/ento-
glosses: Outside.
examples: text: ecto-blaster, ectometer
text: For quotations using this term, see Citations:ecto-.
glosses: Ghost-related.
raw_tags: in fantasy fiction