cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Stanford
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstænfəɹd/
Forms: form: Stanforth
Etymology: Various placenames from Old English stān (“stone”) + ford (“ford”).
* (The university): Named after the son of railroad magnate Leland Stanford.
Senses: glosses: A habitational surname from Old English.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
examples: text: A contingent of venture capitalists and entrepreneurs have spurred a rightward shift, leading to the rise of the “Liberaltarian” — a term coined by two Stanford political economists to describe the tech industry’s proclivity toward trumpeting liberalism in some social issues but maintaining antigovernment posturing in regulating businesses.
ref: 2025 August 4, Mike Isaac, “A.I. Has Ushered in Silicon Valley’s ‘Hard Tech’ Era”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 04 Aug 2025:
glosses: A private university in Santa Clara County, California.
glosses: A place in England:
A hamlet in Southill parish, Central Bedfordshire district, Bedfordshire (OS grid ref TL1641).
glosses: A place in England:
A village and civil parish in Folkestone and Hythe district, Kent (OS grid ref TR1238).
glosses: A place in England:
A deserted village and civil parish (without a council) in Breckland district, Norfolk (now in a military area) (OS grid ref TL8594).
glosses: A place in England:
A hamlet in Alberbury with Cardeston parish, Shropshire (OS grid ref SJ3312).
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A census-designated place in Santa Clara County, California, the location of the eponymous university.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Latah County, Idaho.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A village in McLean County, Illinois.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A census-designated place in Van Buren Township, Monroe County, Indiana.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A home rule city, the county seat of Lincoln County, Kentucky.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A township in Isanti County, Minnesota.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town, the county seat of Judith Basin County, Montana.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Dutchess County, New York.
glosses: A small village in the Western Cape province, South Africa.
Derived terms: Stanford Bridge
Stanford bunny
Stanford dragon
Stanford in the Vale
Stanford-le-Hope
Stanford-on-Avon
Stanford on Teme
Stanford with Orleton
Naskh
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /næsk/
enpr: năsk
rhymes: -æsk
Forms: form: Nasakh
Etymology: From Arabic نَسْخ (nasḵ, literally “copy, transcription”).
Senses: synonyms: Naskhi
Neskhi
glosses: The cursive style of calligraphy most commonly used to write Arabic.
Related terms: Nastaliq
Shikasta Nasta'liq
timberline
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɪmbɚˌlaɪn/
Forms: form: timberlines
form: timber line
Etymology: From timber + line.
Senses: examples: text: Most flocks in the Sierra and the Rocky Mountains live above the timber-line and at an altitude of twelve thousand feet.
ref: 1915 April 24, Enos A. Mills, “Wild Mountain Sheep”, in The Rocky Mountain Wonderland, Houghton Mifflin, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 37:
synonyms: tree line
glosses: The height or limit beyond which trees do not grow in mountainous or Arctic regions.
lifeline
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: līfʹlīn'
ipa: /ˈlaɪfˌlaɪn/
Forms: form: lifelines
form: life-line
form: life line
Etymology: From life + line.
Senses: glosses: A line to which a drowning or falling victim may cling.
examples: text: The girls, of course, were my lifeline during this time.
ref: 2012, Melissa Rycroft, My Reality, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
text: Slowly I began to fill up some of the emptiness inside—writing had become my lifeline.
ref: 2012, Aaron Dixon, My People Are Rising, Haymarket Books, →ISBN, page 64:
text: The Government has thrown a lifeline to Alstom's Derby Works, with an offer of an order for ten Class 345 nine-car electric multiple units (EMUs) for the Elizabeth line - but only if the 'price is right'.
ref: 2024 May 1, Mel Holley, “Network News: Elizabeth line '345s' offer a lifeline for Derby Works”, in RAIL, number 1008, page 8:
glosses: A source of salvation in a crisis.
examples: text: Planners did not see the access routes as west Berlin's sole lifeline, which now seems instinctive to us.
ref: 2012, Daniel F. Harrington, Berlin on the Brink, University Press of Kentucky, →ISBN, page 9:
text: It is no real surprise that half the UK's stations and 5,000 miles of route were recommended to close. Nevertheless, some great mistakes were made in Marples' devil-may-care purge that left commuters stranded and seaside resorts without a lifeline.
ref: 2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 50:
glosses: A means or route for transporting indispensable supplies.
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A system or structure of vital importance to a community.
topics: nautical
transport
synonyms: jackstay
glosses: On the deck of a boat, a line to which one can attach oneself to stay aboard on rough seas.
topics: diving
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
underwater-diving
synonyms: tether
glosses: A line from the diver to a tender at the surface control point.
synonyms: line of life
qualifier: palmistry
glosses: A particular crease in the palm.
tatters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtætəz/
enpr: tătʹərz
ipa: /ˈtætɚz/
Etymology: Cognate with Old English tættec, tætteca.
Senses: examples: text: The universe is finished; the copestone is on, and the chips were carted off a million years ago. Poor Lazarus there, chattering his teeth against the curbstone for his pillow, and shaking off his tatters with his shiverings, he might plug up both ears with rags, and put a corn-cob into his mouth, and yet that would not keep out the tempestuous Euroclydon.
ref: 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “The Carpet-Bag”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 10:
glosses: Ragged clothing or fabric, paper, etc.
Derived terms: in tatters
rags and tatters
tatters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtætəz/
enpr: tătʹərz
ipa: /ˈtætɚz/
Etymology: Cognate with Old English tættec, tætteca.
Senses: glosses: plural of tatter
tatters
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtætəz/
enpr: tătʹərz
ipa: /ˈtætɚz/
Etymology: Cognate with Old English tættec, tætteca.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of tatter
Related terms: tatter
homonyms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of homonym
briefcase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/
Forms: form: briefcases
form: brief case
Etymology: From brief + case.
Senses: glosses: A case used for carrying documents, especially for business.
examples: text: You create a briefcase called Files where you store all your important documents. The briefcase is stored on your Tablet PC's C: drive, and the source files reside on your server.
ref: 2004, Craig Forrest Mathews, Absolute Beginner's Guide to Tablet PCs, page 202:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: In Microsoft Windows, a folder that supports file synchronization between itself and another folder.
Synonyms: attaché case
Derived terms: briefcase computer
briefcased
briefcaseful
Third World briefcase
MP4 player
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: MP4 players
Senses: glosses: An electronic device for playing digital video files in the MP4 format (and, in many cases, also files in other formats).
Related terms: MP3 player
campanile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kæmpəˈniːleɪ/
ipa: /ˈkæmpənɪl/
ipa: /-aɪl/
ipa: /ˌkæmpəˈnili/
ipa: /kæmpəˈniːli/
Forms: form: campaniles
form: campanili
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian campanile (“bell tower, belfry”), from campana (“bell”) + -ile (suffix forming nouns indicating locations that host animals or objects). Campana is derived from Late Latin and Medieval Latin campāna (“large bell used in late classical or medieval church towers or steeples; tower for such a bell, belfry, campanile”), and then either:
* traditionally regarded to be from Latin Campāna (“region of Campania, Italy”) (because bells were supposedly introduced in Christian services in Nola, a diocese of Campania, by Saint Paulinus (c. 354 – 431), though the story has been discredited), from Campānus (“relating to the region of Campania, Italy, or its inhabitants, Campanian”), from campus (“field, plain”) (from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂em- (“to bend, curve”)) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives, which are sometimes used as nouns); or
* from Ancient Greek καπάνη (kapánē, “felt helmet”) (apparently because of the similarity in shape).
The plural form campanili is derived from Italian campanili.
Senses: examples: text: The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a campanile.
text: There was no doubt as to the direction, with the campanile of the duomo as a beacon. For a quarter of a mile the road is straight and narrow; then it broadens into an open space and Castel Franco appears.
ref: 1914, E[dward] V[errall] Lucas, “Giorgione”, in A Wanderer in Venice, London: Methuen & Co. Ltd. […], →OCLC, pages 294–295:
glosses: A bell tower (especially one that is freestanding), often associated with a church or other public building, especially in Italy.
wikipedia: Nola
behavioral objective
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: behavioral objectives
Senses: examples: text: Given a browser and active internet connection, the learner will write an example of a behavioral objective that is observable and measurable.
glosses: In behaviorist-based instructional design processes, an expected outcome of an instructional unit. A well-constructed behavioral objective consists of three parts: conditions, behavior, and criteria.
ferocity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fəˈɹɑsɪti/
ipa: /fəˈɹɒsɪti/
rhymes: -ɒsɪti
Forms: form: ferocities
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French férocité, from Latin ferocitas, from ferox (“fierce”), from ferus (“wild, savage, fierce”).
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: fierceness, furiousness, fury, vehemence, violence
text: Nearly a year later, in the month of October, 18—, London was startled by a crime of singular ferocity and rendered all the more notable by the high position of the victim.
ref: 1886, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter 4, in Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde:
synonyms: ferociousness#Noun
hypernyms: superferocity#Noun
coordinate_terms: ferality#Noun
feralness#Noun
wildness#Noun
brutishness#Noun
glosses: The condition of being ferocious.
Derived terms: superferocity
Related terms: feral
ferity
fierce
Erzya
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Erzyas
Etymology: From Erzya эрзя (erźa).
Senses: glosses: A Finno-Ugric language spoken primarily in the Volga region of Russia, but is also spoken in Azerbaijan, Estonia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine.
glosses: A surname.
Erzya
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Erzyas
Etymology: From Erzya эрзя (erźa).
Senses: glosses: A Mordvin person speaking Erzya or of such ancestry.
Synonyms: sense: Mordvin person
word: Erzyan
inordinate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈɔːdɪnət/
ipa: /ɪnˈɔɹd(ə)nət/
Forms: form: more inordinate
form: most inordinate
Etymology: From Middle English inordinat, from Latin inōrdinātus (“not arranged, disordered, irregular”), from in- + ordinatus, past participle of ōrdināre (“to arrange, order”).
Senses: examples: text: Mortifie therefore your members which are vpon the earth: fornication, vncleannesse, inordinate affection, euill concupiscence, and couetousnesse, which is idolatrie:
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Colossians 3:5:
synonyms: word: immoderate
word: disproportionate
word: undue
word: extreme
word: disproportionate
word: exorbiant
word: exorbitant
word: extortionable
word: extortionate
word: extortious
word: extravagant
word: inordinate
word: sky-high
word: usurious
glosses: Excessive; unreasonable or inappropriate in magnitude.
Derived terms: inordinacy
inordinately
inordinateness
psychagogic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsaɪ.kəˈɡɒ.d͡ʒɪk/
ipa: /ˌsaɪ.kəˈɡɑ.d͡ʒɪk/
Senses: glosses: Attractive; persuasive.
undoing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈduːɪŋ/
Forms: form: undoings
Etymology: From Middle English undoinge, undoynge, ondoynge; equivalent to undo + -ing.
Senses: glosses: The act of loosening or unfastening
examples: text: In the end, his jealousy was his undoing.
text: So far as the ape was concerned, Sabor reasoned correctly. The little fellow crouched trembling just an instant, but that instant was quite long enough to prove his undoing.
ref: 1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, June 1914, →OCLC:
text: The extra 30 minutes could not separate the sides and led to a nerve-shredding finale that has so often been England's undoing, with a dismal record of just one win in seven shootouts at major tournaments before this.
ref: 2018 July 3, Phil McNulty, “Colombia 1 - 1 England”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Ruin; defeat, (also) that which causes defeat or ruin.
glosses: Annulment; reversal
undoing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈduːɪŋ/
Etymology: From Middle English undoynge, undoand, from Old English undōnde (“undoing”), from Proto-Germanic *andadōndz, present participle of *andadōną (“to undo”). Cognate with Dutch ontdoend (“undoing”).
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of undo
moulding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of mould
moulding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mouldings
Senses: examples: text: It took a long time for the place to warm up and to counteract the cold and enable their fingers to cope with the delicate task of moulding, the men would often surround themselves with blocks of iron heated in the furnace.
ref: 1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 342:
text: The stateroom walls are veneered with finely figured English chestnut with the skirting and mouldings in English walnut.
ref: 1947 January and February, “South African Royal Train”, in Railway Magazine, page 36:
glosses: Alternative spelling of molding.
Derived terms: nanomoulding
rotomoulding
Dalmatian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: more Dalmatian
form: most Dalmatian
form: dalmatian
Etymology: From Dalmatia + -an. The dog breed can be traced back to Croatia and its historical region of Dalmatia.
Senses: glosses: Relating to Dalmatia or its people.
Dalmatian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: Dalmatians
form: dalmatian
Etymology: From Dalmatia + -an. The dog breed can be traced back to Croatia and its historical region of Dalmatia.
Senses: synonyms: coach dog
carriage dog
glosses: One of a breed of dog with a short, white coat with dark spots.
glosses: A native or inhabitant of Dalmatia.
Dalmatian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /dælˈmeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: dalmatian
Etymology: From Dalmatia + -an. The dog breed can be traced back to Croatia and its historical region of Dalmatia.
Senses: glosses: An extinct Romance language that was once spoken in Dalmatia.
glosses: Serbo-Croatian in general, as spoken in Dalmatia.
Related terms: dalmatic
language
Ragusan
Vegliot
Paola
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Paolas
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian Paola.
Senses: glosses: A female given name from Italian.
glosses: A habitational surname from Italian.
glosses: A town in the province of Cosenza, Calabria, Italy.
glosses: A town in the South Eastern Region of Malta.
glosses: A city, the county seat of Miami County, Kansas, United States, named after the town in Calabria.
Yule log
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Yule logs
form: yule log
Etymology: From Yule + log.
Senses: synonyms: word: Christmas block
word: Yule block
word: Yule clog
hypernyms: firelog
glosses: A large log traditionally burned on Christmas Eve.
glosses: A log-shaped Christmas sponge cake, covered in chocolate, traditionally from French-speaking countries.
Coordinate terms: tió de Nadal
Hallowmas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhæloʊməs/
Forms: form: halimasse
form: Hallowmass
Etymology: Short for All-hallows' mass (“All-saints' mass”), ultimately continuing Old English ealra hālgena mæsse (literally “All Saints' mass”), equivalent to hallow (“saint”) + -mas.
Senses: examples: text: Pompey: And, I beseech you look into Master Froth here, / sir; a man of fourscore pound a year, whose father died / at Hallowmas. Was't not at Hallowmas, Master Froth?
ref: c. 1603–1604, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure, act 2, scene 1:
glosses: All Saints Day, November 1
Related terms: Halloween
All Saints Day
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of All Saints' Day.
martini
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /mɑɹˈtini/
ipa: /mɑːˈtiːni/
rhymes: -iːni
Forms: form: martinis
form: Martini
form: martinus
Etymology: See Martini.
Senses: examples: text: Will you join us at six o’clock for martinis?
text: My boss is out on another of his three-martini lunches.
text: Even at Juneau's prices, ten dollars worth of martinis is a lot of liquor to drink in an hour.
ref: 1961 Jan, Robert Silverberg, Amazing Stories, page 26, column 2:
text: Could any tiger
Drink martinis, smoke cigars,
And last as we do?
ref: c. 1963, W[ystan] H[ugh] Auden, “Symmetries & Asymmetries”, in Edward Mendelson, editor, Collected Poems, New York: Random House, published 1976, →ISBN, page 551:
text: He drank martini, played bridge in the club, and captured treaty-port life wickedly.
ref: 1997, Caroline Courtauld, May Holdsworth, The Hong Kong Story, Oxford, Oxon; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 21:
text: I had the feeling that had he been a smoker he would have lit a cigarette at this moment. I suspected that once he had been a smoker, for he seemed as if he wished someone would offer him one. He drank martini instead.
ref: 2006, Joan [Elizabeth] Taylor, Conversations with Mr. Prain, Hoboken, N.J.: Melville House Publishing, →ISBN, page 172:
text: After the meal, they drank martini on the rocks in the lounge.
ref: 2007, Margaret S. Ngwa, Divine Love for Cleansing, Patron Publishing House, →ISBN, page 63:
glosses: A cocktail made with gin or vodka and vermouth.
examples: text: I love the chocolate martinis at Trendy Bar!
glosses: Any cocktail served in a cocktail glass, often sweet or fruity and aimed at women.
Derived terms: apple martini
appletini
apricotini
bacontini
bananatini
beertini
berrytini
blackberrytini
blueberrytini
cherrytini
chocolatini
chocotini
cinnamontini
coffeetini
crantini
cucumbertini
dinnertini
dirty martini
dry martini
flirtini
fruitini
gelatini
gingertini
gintini
grapefruitini
grapetini
hazeltini
kiwitini
kumquatini
lemon drop martini
lemon martini
lemontini
limetini
Mai-Tini
mangotini
mantini
mapletini
margatini
martinied
martini effect
martini shot
matchatini
melontini
mocktini
momtini
nicotini
okratini
orangetini
passiontini
peachtini
peartini
peppermintini
peppertini
pickletini
pineappletini
plumtini
pomtini
porn star martini
porn-star martini
pornstar martini
pumpkintini
quarantini
rumtini
saketini
seltzertini
tequilatini
tequini
three-martini lunch
Vegemitini
vesper martini
vodkatini
watermelontini
whiskeytini
winetini
slo-mo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsləʊməʊ/
ipa: /ˈsloʊmoʊ/
rhymes: -əʊməʊ
Forms: form: slow-mo
form: slomo
Etymology: Clipping of slow motion.
Senses: glosses: Clipping of slow motion.
slo-mo
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsləʊməʊ/
ipa: /ˈsloʊmoʊ/
rhymes: -əʊməʊ
Forms: form: slo-mos
form: slo-moing
form: slo-moed
form: slo-moed
form: slo-mo'd
form: slo-mo'd
form: slow-mo
form: slomo
Etymology: Clipping of slow motion.
Senses: examples: text: The under-thirties will have memories of swimming lessons in saggy cossies; those over 30 of Farrah Fawcett in a sunset-orange suit circa 1976. No matter when you were born you won’t forget Pamela Anderson slo-moing her way along the LA coastline in a high-cut swimsuit.
ref: 2016 May 25, “This season it’s all about the swimsuit. Take the plunge”, in The Times:
glosses: To move in, or as if in, slow motion.
examples: text: On my last trip to Europe, I hooked up—only to find my wife watching Oprah. I'd neglected to explain Slingbox, so when I started pausing, rewinding, and slo-mo-ing, she became understandably vexed. After randomly selecting TiVo menu options for a few seconds, she gave up in disgust and turned the TV off.
ref: 2006 March 21, Jim Louderback, “The Joys of Connected Traveling”, in PC Magazine, volume 25, number 5, page 11:
text: Matt Jordan insists the only reason he didn't kick Peter Thomas' ass quicker is because Peter had a knife on him, and now that we've finally seen the video ... Matt might have a point. […] When we slo-mo'd the video, you can clearly see the blade in Peter's hand during the struggle.
ref: 2017 May 13, “'RHOA' Matt Jordan Says Fight Video Proves His Claim, Peter Thomas Pulled a Knife”, in TMZ:
text: I also had a like-minded sound engineer friend who also had some nice sounds that I incorporated. I added cymbal, wooden flutes, and other percussion sounds — sometimes slow-mo-ing them and treating them in different ways.
ref: 2020 October 14, Tim Page, quoting Jon Gibson, “Jon Gibson, composer who became force behind minimalist music, dies at 80”, in The Washington Post:
glosses: To apply a slow motion effect to (a video etc.).
unnamed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ŭn'nāmdʹ
ipa: /ˌʌnˈneɪmd/
rhymes: -eɪmd
Etymology: From un- + named.
Senses: examples: text: an unnamed military project
glosses: Not having a name.
examples: text: an unnamed day in the future
text: The unnamed driver appeared before the South East Traffic Commissioner in late November, to receive a six-month HGV driving ban. It followed an earlier court appearance when he was fined a means-tested £715 and given six points on his driving licence for driving without due care and attention.
ref: 2022 December 14, “Network News: HGV driver banned after Coulsdon bridge bash”, in RAIL, number 972, page 7:
text: In a draft of their paper, the unnamed researchers describe how they not only used AI to generate responses, but attempted to personalize its replies based on information gleaned from the original poster’s prior Reddit history.
ref: 2025 April 28, Karissa Bell, “Researchers secretly experimented on Reddit users with AI-generated comments”, in Engadget:
glosses: Not named or specified.
Synonyms: anonymous
innominate
nameless
unidentified
unknown
unspecified
Related terms: unname
unnameable
Clare
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /klɛə/
ipa: /klɛɹ/
ipa: /kleː/
note: without the cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kleə/
note: New Zealand, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kliə/
ipa: /kleɹ/
note: Lancashire, fair–fur merger
ipa: /klɜː(ɹ)/
homophone: Claire
homophone: clear (cheer–chair merger)
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Etymology: The anglicized spelling of Irish Clár, from Old Irish clár (“plank, board”), from Proto-Celtic *klāros, *klārom (“table”).
Senses: glosses: A county of Ireland.
glosses: A town in County Cavan, Ireland.
glosses: A district municipality in Digby County, Nova Scotia, Canada, named after County Clare.
glosses: A number of places in the United States, likely to be named after County Clare:
An unincorporated community in DeKalb County, Illinois.
glosses: A number of places in the United States, likely to be named after County Clare:
An unincorporated community in White River Township, Hamilton County, Indiana.
glosses: A number of places in the United States, likely to be named after County Clare:
A minor city in Webster County, Iowa; after County Clare.
glosses: A number of places in the United States, likely to be named after County Clare:
An unincorporated community in Johnson County, Kansas.
glosses: A number of places in the United States, likely to be named after County Clare:
A city mostly in Clare County, Michigan; after its county and County Clare.
glosses: A number of places in the United States, likely to be named after County Clare:
A town in St. Lawrence County, New York.
glosses: A town in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.
glosses: A town in Clare and Gilbert Valleys council area, Mid North region, South Australia.
examples: text: Life on Martha’s Vineyard has been mostly ideal for 11-year-old Mary Elizabeth Lambert, the protagonist of Ann Clare LeZotte’s historical novel SHOW ME A SIGN (Scholastic, 288 pp., $18.99; ages 8 to 12).
ref: 2020 April 27, Meg Medina, “A Deaf Girl Finds Her Voice on Martha's Vineyard in the 19th Century”, in The New York Times Book Review, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 05 Dec 2022:
glosses: A unisex given name.
Derived terms: word: Clare and Gilbert Valleys
english: named for the Irish County Clare
translation: named for the Irish County Clare
word: Clare County
Clare
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /klɛə/
ipa: /klɛɹ/
ipa: /kleː/
note: without the cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kleə/
note: New Zealand, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kliə/
ipa: /kleɹ/
note: Lancashire, fair–fur merger
ipa: /klɜː(ɹ)/
homophone: Claire
homophone: clear (cheer–chair merger)
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Etymology: Medieval English vernacular form of Clara, from the Latin clara, feminine of clarus (“bright, shining, clear”), a post-classical name made famous by the 13th century Saint Clara of Assisi.
In Oxfordshire, from Clarora, a clay slope.
Senses: examples: text: Yes, truly: I speak not as desiring more,
But rather wishing a more strict restraint
Upon the sisterhood, the votarists of Saint Clare.
ref: Act I, Scene IV
text: Following Francis' example, Clare founded an order of religious women known as the Poor Ladies of Assisi (like Francis' Poor Men), and later as the Clarissas or Poor Clares in her honor.
ref: 1991, Thomas Head, "Clare of Assisi", An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers
text: "What's your name?"
"Clare Fairweather," she said. "Awful, isn't it?" and went away, hiding her mirth.
ref: 1999, Margaret York, The Price of Guilt, page 58:
glosses: A female given name from Latin, more often spelled Claire from the 20th century onward.
glosses: A small town and civil parish with a town council in West Suffolk district, Suffolk, England, previously in St Edmundsbury district (OS grid ref TL7745).
glosses: A hamlet in Pyrton parish, South Oxfordshire district, Oxfordshire, England (OS grid ref SU6798).
qualifier: Cambridge University
glosses: Ellipsis of Clare College, Cambridge.
Derived terms: Clarist
Stoke-by-Clare
Clare
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /klɛə/
ipa: /klɛɹ/
ipa: /kleː/
note: without the cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kleə/
note: New Zealand, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kliə/
ipa: /kleɹ/
note: Lancashire, fair–fur merger
ipa: /klɜː(ɹ)/
homophone: Claire
homophone: clear (cheer–chair merger)
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Forms: form: Clares
Etymology: Medieval English vernacular form of Clara, from the Latin clara, feminine of clarus (“bright, shining, clear”), a post-classical name made famous by the 13th century Saint Clara of Assisi.
In Oxfordshire, from Clarora, a clay slope.
Senses: examples: text: The chief house of the Clares in England stood near Aldgate; it was built by Blanche, queen of Navarre, and her husband Edmund, earl of Lancaster, Leicester and Darby, son to Henry III. and brother to Edward I. These nuns were Urbanists, and enjoyed revenues. They were called Clares or Minoresses, and their house the Minories...
ref: 1759, Alban Butler, The Lives of the... Saints, volume IV, page 87:
topics: Catholicism
Christianity
glosses: Synonym of Poor Clare: a nun of the Order of Saint Clare.
synonyms: word: Poor Clare
extra: a nun of the Order of Saint Clare
Clare
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /klɛə/
ipa: /klɛɹ/
ipa: /kleː/
note: without the cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kleə/
note: New Zealand, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /kliə/
ipa: /kleɹ/
note: Lancashire, fair–fur merger
ipa: /klɜː(ɹ)/
homophone: Claire
homophone: clear (cheer–chair merger)
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Senses: glosses: A surname from Old English derived from Old English clǣġ (“clay”) as an occupational name for a worker in clay.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname, of quite uncommon usage.
splish
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /splɪʃ/
Forms: form: splishes
Etymology: Onomatopoeic. Connected with splash and splosh.
Senses: glosses: A light splashing sound.
splish
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /splɪʃ/
Forms: form: splishes
form: splishing
form: splished
form: splished
Etymology: Onomatopoeic. Connected with splash and splosh.
Senses: glosses: To make a light splashing sound.
Related terms: splash
splosh
damn straight
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: examples: Near-synonyms: damn right, damn skippy, fucking A; absolutely, bet one's life
glosses: Without doubt, certainly, for sure.
figure skating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From the origins of figure skating, where skaters once skated out patterns onto the ice surface, making a design on its surface. This then evolved into the compulsory figures component of figure skating, that was latterly dropped from competitive judging.
Senses: glosses: A sport where people perform spins, jumps and other moves on skates.
wikipedia: en:compulsory figures
Hyponyms: figure ice skating
pair skating
Choctaw turn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Choctaw turns
Senses: synonyms: Choctaw
glosses: A turn in figure skating that involves both a change of foot and a change of edge and lobe.
spread eagle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spread eagles
Senses: glosses: A position of the body involving full extension of the limbs with both fore- and hind-limbs spread wide, usually referring to humans or heraldic eagles.
qualifier: figure skating
glosses: A move in which a skater glides on both feet, the toes turned out to the sides, heels facing each other.
Nordic combined
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nordic combined
Etymology: From nordic + combined. From being an event in skiing which combines two disciplines favoured by the Nordic (Scandinavians).
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
skiing
sports
glosses: An event in which individual skiers take part in runs on a cross-country skiing course and a ski jumping hill.
Related terms: alpine combined
nordic skiing
Winter Olympics
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Winter Olympics
Senses: glosses: Synonym of Olympic Winter Games.
synonyms: word: Olympic Winter Games
fail-safe
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: fāl′sāf
ipa: /ˈfeɪlˌseɪf/
Senses: examples: text: The system is failsafe, because everything is backed up automatically.
glosses: That does not cause undue damage in the event of failure.
examples: text: All equipment is, of course, of "fail-safe" pattern.
ref: 1961 February, “Talking of Trains: Automated trains in New York”, in Trains Illustrated, page 78:
glosses: Designed to shut off for safety if an emergency occurs.
Coordinate terms: fail-deadly
failsoft
Related terms: word: fault-tolerant
word: foolproof
word: guardrail
fail-safe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: fāl′sāf
ipa: /ˈfeɪlˌseɪf/
Forms: form: fail-safes
Senses: glosses: A device, mechanism or measure designed to make something fail-safe.
fail-safe
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: fāl′sāf
ipa: /ˈfeɪlˌseɪf/
Forms: form: fail-safes
form: fail-safing
form: fail-safed
form: fail-safed
form: fail safe
Senses: glosses: To compensate automatically, in the event of a failure.
glosses: To make a device or mechanism fail-safe, or to add a fail-safe device or mechanism to an existing system.
Related terms: foolproof
pops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑps/
rhymes: -ɒps
Etymology: From pop (“dad”) + -s (hypocoristic suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Hey, pops, I'm home.
glosses: Father, dad.
glosses: A man old enough to be the speaker's father.
pops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑps/
rhymes: -ɒps
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: glosses: plural of pop (the sound and related meanings)
pops
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑps/
rhymes: -ɒps
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of pop
nicholaism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Derived from Nicolaitanism which comes from Nicolaitan, a sect mentioned in Revelations Chapter 2 verses 6 & 14-15.
Senses: examples: 1957: Ralph Henry Carless Davis, A history of Medieval Europe, p.239 - What were the trangressions of which he (Gregory VII) was so loudly to proclaim? First there was the sin of nicholaism, or clerical marriage.
glosses: the supposed sin of clergy marrying or living with women
disputant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dəˈspjutənt/
ipa: /dɪˈspjuː.tənt/
Forms: form: disputants
Etymology: From dispute + -ant.
Senses: examples: 1893, Henry James, Collaboration https://web.archive.org/web/20061013012124/http://www.henryjames.org.uk/collab/CLtext.htm
One of the liveliest scenes of the performance was the evening, last winter, on which I became aware that one of my compatriots – an American, my good friend Alfred Bonus – was engaged in a controversy somewhat acrimonious, on a literary subject, with Herman Heidenmauer, the young composer who had been playing to us divinely a short time before and whom I thought of neither as a disputant nor as an Englishman.
glosses: A participant in a dispute.
Derived terms: nondisputant
disputant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dəˈspjutənt/
ipa: /dɪˈspjuː.tənt/
Forms: form: more disputant
form: most disputant
Etymology: From dispute + -ant.
Senses: examples: text: [...] [T]here was found / Among the graveſt Rabbies diſputant / On points and queſtions fitting Moſes Chair, / Teaching not taught; [...]
ref: 1671, John Milton, “The Fourth Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC, page 89, lines 217–220:
glosses: Disputing; engaged in controversy.
lazy Susan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lazy Susans
form: Lazy Susan
form: lazy susan
Etymology: Uncertain, but probably a generic name like Jane, in reference to the device replacing a servant at table. The earliest attestation is from c. 1903 in the Boston Journal, which credits a local carpenter named John Laurie as "the resuscitator of 'Lazy Susan'". Almost certainly not named in honor of the daughters of Thomas Jefferson or Edison who were both named Susan.
Senses: glosses: A rotating tray (turntable) used on tables and counters for serving condiments or food.
examples: text: The 36′′ corner lazy Susan cabinet makes excellent use of corner spaces in a kitchen.
ref: 2011 June 22, Danny Proulx, Simply Built Cabinets, Penguin, →ISBN, page 59:
glosses: A rotating set of shelves used to minimize inaccessible space, usually employed in corner kitchen cabinets.
topics: business
finance
glosses: Synonym of round trip (“form of barter involving selling and buying back”).
synonyms: word: round trip
extra: form of barter involving selling and buying back
Synonyms: self-waiting table
serviette
butler's assistant
muffin stand
cedent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsiːdənt/
Forms: form: cedents
Etymology: Latin cēdere (“to yield”)
Senses: glosses: The person who cedes a personal obligation to another.
Related terms: word: cedant
raw_tags: of cedent
cessionary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cessionaries
Etymology: From Latin cedere (“to yield”).
Senses: glosses: The person who receives transfer or cession of a personal obligation from the cedent.
wushu
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈwuːˈʃuː/
Etymology: From Mandarin 武術／武术 (wǔshù, “martial techniques”).
Senses: glosses: Any Chinese martial art.
examples: text: The techniques of contemporary wushu are indeed those which at one time were used for self-defense, but the basis and development of wushu are different from kung fu.
ref: 1985, Black Belt, volume 23, number 4, page 78:
glosses: A modern exhibition and full-contact sport based on traditional Chinese martial arts, created in the People's Republic of China. Also known as modern wushu or contemporary wushu.
capnometer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: capnometers
Etymology: From capno- + -meter.
Senses: glosses: A medical instrument that measures carbon dioxide levels in the exhaled air of patients on ventilators or under anesthesia
Related terms: capnometric
capnometry
sjambok
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃæmbɒk/
rhymes: -æmbɒk
Forms: form: sjamboks
form: sambock
form: sambok
form: shambock
form: shambok
form: shambuck
form: sjambock
form: shambock
form: shambok
form: sjambock
form: sjamboke
Etymology: From Afrikaans sjambok, from Dutch sjambok, from Javanese cambuk, and as borrowed in Malay: modern Indonesian and Malay, ultimately from Persian چابک (čâbok). Originally spelt in the colonial Dutch transliteration tscamboek. The term was imported by VOC officials, Dutch merchants, the Maardijkers (Maluku (Moluccan) freemen and burghers), and Inlanders (Javanese and other modern Indonesian slaves and political exiles expelled to Dutch South Africa). Doublet of chabuk.
Senses: examples: text: He learnt that he was a slave, in spite of all the petty airs he might assume, a slave shackled to a yoke, to be scolded when he lagged, flogged when he rebelled with the sjambok of the modern driver, Threat of the Sack.
ref: 1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter II, in Capricornia, pages 25–6:
text: Foppl stood holding a sjambok or cattle whip of giraffe hide, tapping the handle against his leg in a steady, syncopated figure.
ref: 1963, Thomas Pynchon, V.:
text: Several accusations had been brought in against her and every time she'd denied them she had been beaten with a sjambok.
ref: 1979, André Brink, A Dry White Season, Vintage, published 1998, page 113:
text: If dialogue is ever to have a chance, South Africans must find a way to turn away from violence in all its forms — the brutal violence of the sjambok
ref: 1989, United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on African Affairs, United States Policy Toward South Africa: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on African Affairs, page 333:
text: Police arrested almost 40 locals yesterday after a crowd took part in illegal marches and refused to disperse. The locals were armed with sticks, sjamboks and other weapons.
ref: 2006 May 13/14, Weekend Argus, page 1:
glosses: A stout whip, especially made of rhinoceros or hippopotamus hide.
Related terms: knout
quirt
whip
cambuk
sjambok
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃæmbɒk/
rhymes: -æmbɒk
Forms: form: sjamboks
form: sjambokking
form: sjambokked
form: sjambokked
form: sambock
form: sambok
form: shambock
form: shambok
form: shambuck
form: sjambock
form: shambock
form: shambok
form: sjambock
form: sjamboke
Etymology: From Afrikaans sjambok, from Dutch sjambok, from Javanese cambuk, and as borrowed in Malay: modern Indonesian and Malay, ultimately from Persian چابک (čâbok). Originally spelt in the colonial Dutch transliteration tscamboek. The term was imported by VOC officials, Dutch merchants, the Maardijkers (Maluku (Moluccan) freemen and burghers), and Inlanders (Javanese and other modern Indonesian slaves and political exiles expelled to Dutch South Africa). Doublet of chabuk.
Senses: glosses: To whip with a sjambok; to horsewhip.
spinarama
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spinaramas
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of spinorama.
miry
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmaɪ(ə)ɹi/
rhymes: -aɪəɹi
Forms: form: mirier
form: miriest
Etymology: From Middle English myry, equivalent to mire + -y.
Senses: examples: text: Only these marishes and myrie bogs, / In which the fearefull ewftes do build their bowres, / Yeeld me an hostry mongst the croking frogs […].
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
text: summer was long over, and cold and frost and miry ways kept them much indoors […]
ref: 1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC:
text: Beyond the bazaar one could see the huge, miry river."
ref: 1934 October, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Burmese Days, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, →OCLC:
glosses: Resembling or characteristic of a mire; swampy, boggy.
Synonyms: sense: like a mire
word: boggy
word: marshy
word: mucky
word: muddy
word: quaggy
word: sloughy
word: swampy
Derived terms: mirily
miriness
Miry Creek
unmiry
oversoul
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈəʊvəˌsəʊl/
ipa: /ˈoʊvɚˌsoʊl/
Forms: form: oversouls
Etymology: From over- + soul.
Senses: examples: text: The Supreme Critic on all the errors of the past and the present, and the only prophet of that which must be, is that great nature in which we rest, as the earth lies in the soft arms of the atmosphere ; that Unity, that Over-Soul, within which every man's particular being is contained and made one with all other[…]
ref: 1841, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Over-Soul”, in Essays: Orations and Lectures, London: William Tegg and Co., published 1848, page 155:
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A supreme reality or mind; the spiritual unity of all being.
raw_tags: in transcendentalism
Related terms: oversouling
metallist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: metallists
Etymology: From metal + -ist.
Senses: topics: engineering
metallurgy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A person who works with metals.
examples: No economist, with the possible exception of the most doctrinaire metallists, have ever expressed any other opinion. --American Economic Review (1938) 28, p. 316
While not all Jacksonians were Metallists, or vice versa, the Jacksonian Metallists sought to purge the currency of small bank notes and replace them with gold and silver coins. --Exploring Economic History (1974) 11, p. 228
The authors argue that Ricardo, unlike Marx, was no ‘metallist’, that is, he never applied the labour theory of value to the monetary metal to determine the general price level. --Economic Journal (1991) 101, p. 407
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: An advocate of metal coinage as the principal or sole currency.
glosses: A metaller: a fan of the metal music genre.
Related terms: bimetallist
metallism
Gresham's law
purgatory
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɝɡəˌtɔɹi/
ipa: /ˈpɜːɡət(ə)ɹi/
Forms: form: purgatories
Etymology: From Middle English purgatorie, from Old French purgatore, purgatorie, from Latin purgātōrium (“cleansing”). Cognate to English purge.
Senses: topics: Christianity
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of Purgatory.
examples: text: […] many Gods breedeth heathens miseries, many countries trauailers humors, many wiues mens purgatories, and many friends trustes ruine:
ref: 1605, Nicholas Breton, An Olde Mans Lesson, and a Young Mans Loue, London: Edward White:
text: I laid my rank and fortune at the fair one’s feet, and would have married instantly; but that Oldworth opposed my precipitancy, and insisted upon a probation of six months absence—It has been a purgatory!
ref: 1774, John Burgoyne, The Maid of the Oaks, London: T. Becket, act I, scene 1, page 6:
text: It might be […] that Ruth had worked her way through the deep purgatory of repentance up to something like purity again; God only knew!
ref: 1853, Elizabeth Gaskell, chapter 25, in Ruth:
text: Later came midsummer, with the stifling heat, when the dingy killing beds of Durham’s became a very purgatory; one time, in a single day, three men fell dead from sunstroke.
ref: 1904, Upton Sinclair, chapter 10, in The Jungle:
text: […] that would mean he would be irrecoverably Afrikaans and would have to spend years in the purgatory of an Afrikaans boarding-school, as all farm-children do, before he would be allowed to come back to the farm.
ref: 1997, J. M. Coetzee, chapter 11, in Boyhood: Scenes from Provincial Life, Penguin, page 100:
glosses: Any situation where suffering is endured, particularly as part of a process of redemption.
purgatory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɝɡəˌtɔɹi/
ipa: /ˈpɜːɡət(ə)ɹi/
Forms: form: more purgatory
form: most purgatory
Etymology: From Middle English purgatorie, from Old French purgatore, purgatorie, from Latin purgātōrium (“cleansing”). Cognate to English purge.
Senses: examples: text: Last of all, the prodigie of Siracusa was expiat by a purgatory sacrifice, by direction from the soothsaiers to what gods, supplications and sacrifice should be made.
ref: 1600, Philemon Holland, transl., The Roman Historie Written by T. Livius of Padua, London, Book 41, p. 1103:
text: This purgatory interval is not unfavourable to a faithless representative, who may be as good a canvasser as he was a bad governor.
ref: 1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, London: J. Dodsley, page 272:
glosses: Tending to cleanse; expiatory.
Related terms: heaven
hell
limbo
gehenna
presentable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈzɛntəbəl/
Forms: form: more presentable
form: most presentable
Etymology: From Middle French presentable, from Old French, as if present + -able.
Senses: examples: text: Before we go out, let me just go to the washroom and make myself presentable.
text: Before they went to see Glinda, however, they were taken to a room of the Castle, where Dorothy washed her face and combed her hair, and the Lion shook the dust out of his mane, and the Scarecrow patted himself into his best shape, and the Woodman polished his tin and oiled his joints. When they were all quite presentable they followed the soldier girl into a big room where the Witch Glinda sat upon a throne of rubies.
ref: 1900 May 17, L[yman] Frank Baum, chapter 23, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Geo[rge] M[elvin] Hill Co., →OCLC:
glosses: In good enough shape to be shown or offered to other people; tidy; attractive.
examples: text: Liverpool took control of what had been a tight game, with Bruno Fernandes and Marcus Rashford missing presentable chances, when former Old Trafford target Cody Gakpo applied a smooth finish to Andy Robertson's perfect pass two minutes before the break.
ref: 2023 March 5, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 7-0 Manchester United”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Acceptable; worth considering.
topics: ecclesiastical
lifestyle
religion
glosses: Capable of being presented to a church living.
Derived terms: presentably
unpresentable
Yuri
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈjʊɹi/
Forms: form: Iurii
form: Yurii
form: Yuriy
form: Yury
Etymology: From Russian Ю́рий (Júrij, “George”). Doublet of George.
Senses: examples: text: Khrushchev’s answer came 60 years ago, on April 12, 1961, when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin circled the Earth aboard a spacecraft called Vostok 1.
ref: 2021 April 12, Gregory McNamee, “This Soviet cosmonaut was the first human in orbit — fueling the space race”, in CNN:
glosses: A transliteration of the Russian male given name Ю́рий (Júrij), equivalent to George.