cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
senesce
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈnɛs/
rhymes: -ɛs
Forms: form: senesces
form: senescing
form: senesced
form: senesced
Etymology: From Latin senēscere (“to grow old”).
Senses: examples: text: All living organisms senesce.
text: After spawning, salmon rapidly senesce and die due to systemic endocrine alterations.
ref: 2012, Douglas E. Crews, Gillian H. Ice, “Aging, Senescence, and Human Variation”, in Sara Stinson, Barry Bogin, Dennis H. O'Rourke, editors, Human Biology: An Evolutionary and Biocultural Perspective, 2nd edition, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:
glosses: To grow older; to reach maturity.
Synonyms: age
grow up
to age
Related terms: senescence
senescent
bloomery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bloomeries
form: bloomary
Etymology: From bloom (“metal, see etym.3”) + -ery.
Senses: examples: text: The natives had probably smelted it themselves in their rude bloomeries, […]
ref: 1863, Samuel Smiles, Industrial Biography, Iron Workers and Tool Makers:
synonyms: Catalan forge
Catalan furnace
glosses: A forge in which wrought iron is made straight from ore.
Derived terms: bloomery iron
speak of the devil
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Forms: form: talk of the devil
Etymology: Ellipsis of speak of the devil and he shall appear, which can be traced back to “talk of the Devil, and he’s presently at your elbow”, attested in 1666. The idea behind this (namely, that mentioning a dangerous creature may cause it to appear) is found in many cultures around the world; see taboo avoidance.
Senses: examples: text: A: You know who would appreciate this? Tom. B: Speak of the devil! Look who just walked in!
synonyms: speaking of#Interjection
glosses: An expression sometimes used when a person mentioned in the current conversation happens to arrive on the scene.
Related terms: are your ears burning
ears are burning
on cue
ibid.
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: /ˈɪbɪd/
/ɪbˈaɪ̯dəm/
Forms: form: ibid
Senses: examples: text: As Lockie and Kitto (2000: 5) note, this important dimension is recognized by the SOP approach but they argue that it is “poorly developed in both theorisation and operationalisation.” Furthermore, production activities are privileged in SOP analysis as “determinants of consumption practices” and the “role of agency is marginalised” by giving primacy to structural tendencies in the shaping of SOPs (ibid.: 5).
ref: 2012, David Goodman, E. Melanie DuPuis, Michael K. Goodman, “Bridging production and consumption: alternative food networks as shared knowledge practice”, in Alternative Food Networks: Knowledge, Practice, and Politics, Abingdon, Oxfordshire; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN, part I (Alternative food networks: reflexivity and shared knowledge practice), page 39:
text: Repatriation is viewed as a must for Rastafari, and the earliest Rastafari did not have the resources to make this return possible or, as anthropologist Charles Price details, “sold all they possessed in order to leave for Africa” (2009, 218). Price has spoken of the shift in class among Rastafari; though many Rastafari are still economically deprived, there do exist “monied Rastafari” (ibid.).
ref: 2020, Erin C. MacLeod, “Rastafari Citizenship Strategies in Ethiopia: Ethnic Existence, Diaspora Claims, Resident Identification”, in Ian O. Boxill, editor, Ideaz, volume 15 (A 2020 Vision Perspective on the Rastafari Movement: Revisiting the Field & Taking Steps Forward), Kingston: Arawak Publications, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 167:
topics: bibliography
computing
engineering
human-sciences
information-science
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: id.
glosses: Abbreviation of ibidem.
Related terms: loc. cit.
op. cit.
tomboy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɒm.bɔɪ/
ipa: /ˈtɑm.bɔɪ/
rhymes: -ɒmbɔɪ
Forms: form: tomboys
form: tom boy
Etymology: From tom + boy. First attested in Ralph Roister Doister (published 1567, written circa 1552), where it is used to describe a boisterous girl; the OED says the citation is however "generally taken" to mean a boisterous boy, and says that a use in The Old Law (published 1656, thought to have been written circa 1599) "certainly" means a boy: "must young court-tits / play tomboys' tricks with her?" By 1579 it was attested in the meaning "an immodest woman", and by no later than 1592 it had developed its modern meaning of a “girl who acts like a boy”.
Senses: examples: text: His sister, his dearest and only playmate, is a tomboy at heart.
text: “When you have a little girl like mine who is obsessed with the ocean and giant squids and insect infestations in homes, she’s considered weird or odd or a tomboy when in fact, science and things like that should be considered girly.”
ref: 2014 January 31, Kelly Wallace, “Pink, princess-y and sexy too soon”, in CNN:
synonyms: hoyden
ladette
romp
antonyms: word: girly girl
english: with regards to behaviour
translation: with regards to behaviour
word: macho man
english: with regards to gender
translation: with regards to gender
word: janegirl
english: with regards to gender and behaviour
translation: with regards to gender and behaviour
glosses: A girl who behaves in a typically boyish manner.
glosses: A rude, boisterous boy.
glosses: An immodest or bold woman.
glosses: A butch lesbian.
Related terms: tomgirl
attendance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈtɛn.dəns/
enpr: ə-tĕn'dəns
Forms: form: attendances
form: attendaunce
Etymology: From Middle English attendance, from Old French atendance, from atendre (“to attend, listen”).
Senses: examples: text: Attendance at the meeting is required.
text: All those in attendance are to sign this slip.
text: The Prince of Wales will read the Queen's Speech on Her Majesty's behalf, with the Duke of Cambridge also in attendance.
ref: 2022 May 10, Alex Finnis, “Episodic meaning explained: What the Buckingham Palace statement about the Queen's mobility problems means”, in inews.co.uk, Associated Newspapers Limited, retrieved 11 May 2022:
glosses: The act of attending; the state of being present; presence.
examples: text: The class sat down so that the teacher could take attendance.
text: The workshop […] was extremely successful with an attendance of more than 380 participants from government, the private sector and members of Trade Associations for Grains, Seed and Cocoa Federation.
ref: 2021 May 10, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, “Joint IPPC/ePhyto Industry Advisory Group workshop continues for Dominican Republic”, in ktvb.com, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, retrieved 11 May 2022:
glosses: The persons or number of persons present.
examples: text: John's attendance for the conventions was not good.
glosses: The frequency with which one has been present for a regular activity or set of events.
examples: text: The matter required his immediate attendance.
ref: 1861, E. J. Guerin, Mountain Charley, page 7:
glosses: Attention paid to something; careful regard.
Derived terms: attendance allowance
attendance check
attendance order
attendance record
attendance sheet
attendance slip
dance attendance
in attendance
inattendance
non-attendance
nonattendance
reattendance
take attendance
turnstile attendance
unattendance
underattendance
Related terms: bums in seats
factorial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fækˈtɔːɹi.əl/
rhymes: -ɔːɹiəl
Forms: form: factorials
Etymology: From factor + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: The expression #123;#125;#95;nC#95;r means the number of combinations of n things taken r at a time. It is also written #92;binomnr, and is equal to#92;frac#123;n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)#92;cdots#92;cdots(n-r#43;1)#125;#123;r#33;#125;or n#33;#47;r#33;(n-r)#33;, in which r#33; is read "factorial r" and denotes the product of all the integral numbers from 1 to r inclusive.
ref: 1916 July, M. Mott-Smith, “The Arithmetical Pyramid of Many Dimensions”, in The Monist, volume 26, number 3, →DOI, page 428:
text: This playing around with consecutive integers reminded one of the students of factorials, and he asked about products of integers, which I said could be expressed similarly as#92;prod#95;#123;k#61;1#125;ⁿk#61;1#92;cdot 2#92;cdot 3#92;cdotsn.But what does this equal?
Well, of course we can say that it is equal to n factorial and write#92;prod#95;#123;k#61;1#125;ⁿk#61;n#33; and then use our calculators, but inventing a new symbol like 'factorial' feels like an admission of defeat!
ref: 2018 September, Colin Foster, “What is the formula for factorial?”, in Mathematics in School, volume 47, number 4, page 40:
topics: combinatorics
mathematics
sciences
glosses: The result of multiplying a given number of consecutive integers from 1 to the given number. In equations, it is symbolized by an exclamation mark (!). For example, 5! = 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120.
Hyponyms: double factorial
falling factorial
rising factorial
Related terms: fact
faction
factor
factorial prime
factory
fashion
factorial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /fækˈtɔːɹi.əl/
rhymes: -ɔːɹiəl
Forms: form: more factorial
form: most factorial
Etymology: From factor + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: I shall denote, as usual, the factorial product of the numbers up to n by n#33;, but I have found it necessary to introduce a separate notation for the products of successive even or odd numbers. I consequently definen#33;#33;#61;n#92;cdot(n-2)#33;#33;.Starting with1#33;#33;#61;1,#92;quad 2#33;#33;#61;2,it follows that, for positive values of n,n#33;#33;#61;n#92;cdotn-2#92;cdotn-4#92;cdots,where the last factor is either 1 or 2, according as n is odd or even.
ref: 1903, Arthur Schuster, “On some Definite Integrals, and a New Method of Reducing a Function of Spherical Co-ordintes to a Series of Spherical Harmonics”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, volume 200, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 182:
text: The definition of addition is an example of definition by induction, sometimes called recursive definition. As another example of this, consider the following inductive definition of the factorial function.
We define n#33; for n#92;in#92;mathbbN by the following two properties,
(i) 1#33; is defined to be 1,
(ii) for all k#92;in#92;mathbbN, we define (k#43;1)#33; to be (k#43;1)#92;timesk#33;.
ref: 1995, K. E. Hirst, Numbers, Sequences and Series, Butterworth-Heinemann, →ISBN, page 21:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to a factor or factorial.
examples: text: The latter sold the goods to a customer who was cashier to certain creditors of the agents without disclosing the factorial capacity in which they acted.
ref: 2004, The Digest: Annotated British, Commonwealth, and European Cases:
glosses: Of or pertaining to a factor, a kind of business agent.
glosses: Of or pertaining to a factory.
Derived terms: sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: bifactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: factorial experiment
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: factoriality
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: factorialization
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: factorialize
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: factorially
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: factorial table
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: hyperfactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: interfactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: monofactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: multifactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: nonfactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: plurifactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: polyfactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: semifactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: subfactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: superfactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: trifactorial
sense: derived from adjective or noun
word: unifactorial
Related terms: primorial
factorial prime
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: factorial primes
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A prime number that is one more or one less than a factorial. For example, 7 is a factorial prime, since 3! + 1 = 7.
Derived terms: primorial prime
-mas
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Etymology: From Middle English -masse, -messe, from Old English -mæsse, the second element in several ritual and holiday names (e.g. Candelmæsse, Cristes mæsse, hlāfmæsse, etc.), from Old English mæsse (“the mass, church festival”). Compare Dutch mis, German Messe, Danish messe, Swedish mässa, Icelandic messa.
Senses: glosses: Indicates holidays or sacred days.
Related terms: feast day
Iesus
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: And forthwith he came to Iesus and said, Hail master, and kissed him. And Iesus said unto him , Friend , wherefore art thou come?
ref: 1660, Doctour Cranmer, Arch-Bishop of Canterbury, Dr. Goodrick, Bishop of Ely, Dr. Skip, Bishop of Hereford, Dr. Thirlby, Bishop of Westminster, Dr. Day, Bishop of Chichester, Dr. Holbeck, Bishop of Lincoln, Dr. Ridley, Bishop of Rochester, Dr. May, Dean of St. Paul's, Dr. Taylor, Dean of Lincoln, Dr. Heyns, Dean of Exeter, Dr. Redman, Dean of Westminster, Dr. Cos, Almoner to King Edward the Sixth, & Mr. Robinson, Arch-Deacon of Leicester, The Book of Common Prayer, and Administration of the Sacraments, and Other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England:
text: In no wise: For Iesus Christ remains alwayes first and supreme Pastor, and S. Peter and his Successors are only his Lievtenants and Vicars upon earth; and in this manner that doth rather raise Iesus Christs authority, than lessen it ; for even as it is an honor to a King to have under him Governors of Provinces, vice-Royes, Lievrenants and Generalls of Armies, to whom his Subjects pay obedience, because of the power given them by the King : so likewise it is an honor to Iesus Christ to have in the Kingdom of his Church Vicars and Lievtenents that my visibly govern his Church, and whom he hath commanded us to obey as his own self.
ref: 1670, The True Portraiture of the Church of Iesus-Christ:
text: Paul a prisoner of Iesus Christ, and Timothy our brother unto Philemon our dearly beloved, and fellow-labourer.
ref: 1684, Thomas Sternhold, John Hopkins, The Whole Book of Psalms: Collected Into English Metre, page 2:
glosses: Archaic spelling of Jesus.
soothing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsuːðɪŋ/
rhymes: -uːðɪŋ
Forms: form: more soothing
form: most soothing
Senses: examples: text: soothing music
glosses: Tending to soothe.
examples: text: a soothing ointment
glosses: Giving relief.
examples: text: soothing words
glosses: Freeing from fear or anxiety.
Derived terms: soothingly
soothingness
soothing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsuːðɪŋ/
rhymes: -uːðɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of soothe
glosses: present participle and gerund of sooth
soothing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsuːðɪŋ/
rhymes: -uːðɪŋ
Forms: form: soothings
Senses: examples: text: There are moments when the brightest minds prefer the soothings of sympathy to all the brilliance of wit, as he that is in need of repose, selects a bed of feathers, rather than of flints.
ref: 1823, Charles Caleb Colton, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: The act by which somebody is soothed.
placate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pləˈkeɪt/
ipa: /pleɪˈkeɪt/
ipa: /ˈpleɪkeɪt/
ipa: /pleɪˈkeɪt/
ipa: /pləˈkeɪt/
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: placates
form: placating
form: placated
form: placated
Etymology: First attested in the late 17ᵗʰ century; borrowed from Latin plācātus, perfect passive participle of plācō (“appease, placate”, literally “smooth, smoothen”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix) for more), ultimately thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *plāk- (“smooth, flat”), from *pele- (“broad, flat, plain”). Related to Latin placeō (“appease”), Old English flōh (“flat stone, chip”). More at please.
Senses: synonyms: appease
soothe
conciliate
mollify
propitiate
satisfy
antonyms: enrage
glosses: To calm; to bring peace to; to influence someone who was furious to the point that they become content or at least no longer irate.
Synonyms: appease
assuage
conciliate
mollify
pacify
Derived terms: placatable
placater
placating
placatingly
placation
placative
placatory
unplacatedn
Related terms: implacable
placable
placid
placate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pləˈkeɪt/
ipa: /pleɪˈkeɪt/
ipa: /ˈpleɪkeɪt/
ipa: /pleɪˈkeɪt/
ipa: /pləˈkeɪt/
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: more placate
form: most placate
Etymology: First attested in the late 17ᵗʰ century; borrowed from Latin plācātus, perfect passive participle of plācō (“appease, placate”, literally “smooth, smoothen”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix) for more), ultimately thought to be from Proto-Indo-European *plāk- (“smooth, flat”), from *pele- (“broad, flat, plain”). Related to Latin placeō (“appease”), Old English flōh (“flat stone, chip”). More at please.
Senses: examples: text: When are you more placate and serene?
ref: 1662, William Gurnall, The Christian in Complete Armour:
glosses: Placid, peaceful.
harmonious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /hɑɹˈmoʊni.əs/
ipa: /hɑːˈməʊni.əs/
rhymes: -əʊniəs
Forms: form: more harmonious
form: most harmonious
Etymology: From Middle French harmonieux; by surface analysis, harmony + -ous.
Senses: examples: text: The team worked in a harmonious atmosphere, achieving great results.
synonyms: concordant
glosses: Showing accord in feeling or action.
examples: text: The garden had a harmonious design, with flowers and shrubs complementing each other.
glosses: Having components pleasingly or appropriately combined.
examples: text: The choir’s voices blended in a harmonious melody.
glosses: Melodious; in harmony.
Derived terms: dysharmonious
harmoniously
harmoniousness
inharmonious
nonharmonious
Related terms: disharmonious
verify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/
Forms: form: verifies
form: verifying
form: verified
form: verified
Etymology: From Old French verifier (French: vérifier), from Medieval Latin vērificāre (“make true”), from Latin vērus (“true”) + faciō (“do, make”); see -fy.
Senses: glosses: To substantiate or prove the truth of something.
examples: text: In comparison, it takes about a minute to save, rewind and manually verify a similar file on a cassette.
ref: 1984, InfoWorld, volume 6, number 14, page 67:
glosses: To confirm or test the truth or accuracy of something.
topics: law
glosses: To affirm something formally, under oath.
Derived terms: reverify
self-verified
unverified
verifiable
verification
voice verify
pleasing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpliːzɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈplizɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːzɪŋ
Forms: form: more pleasing
form: most pleasing
Etymology: From Middle English plesynge, pleizinge, plesende (present participle), equivalent to please + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: These two designs were neat and handsome, by modern standards, and very pleasing in appearance.
ref: 1950 December, H. C. Casserley, “Locomotive Cavalcade, 1920-1950—6”, in Railway Magazine, page 843:
text: Elegant brick and stone buildings, with iron and glass canopies and decorative wooden scalloping and fencing—all evidencing care on the part of the architect to produce a pleasing, well-planned building—were submerged beneath a profusion of ill-conceived additions and camouflaged by vulgar paint schemes; and the original conception was lost.
ref: 1962 October, Brian Haresnape, “Focus on B.R. passenger stations”, in Modern Railways, pages 250–251:
glosses: Agreeable; giving pleasure, cheer, enjoyment or gratification.
Synonyms: enjoyable
gratifying
satisfying
Derived terms: impleasing
pleasing fungus beetle
pleasing lacewing
pleasingly
pleasingness
pleasing on the eye
pleasing to the eye
self-pleasing
unpleasing
Related terms: pleasance
pleasant
pleasantly
pleasantness
please
pleasurable
pleasurably
pleasure
pleasing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpliːzɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈplizɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːzɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English plesynge, pleizinge, plesende (present participle), equivalent to please + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of please.
pleasing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpliːzɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈplizɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːzɪŋ
Forms: form: pleasings
Etymology: From Middle English plesing, plesinge (“satisfaction; pleasing”), equivalent to please + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: What more palpable confutation can there be of human vanity and arrogance, of all lofty imaginations, all presumptuous confidences, all turgid humours, all fond self-pleasings and self-admirings, than is that tragical cross […]
ref: a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). The Passion of our Blessed Saviour”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1830–1831, →OCLC:
glosses: pleasure or satisfaction, as in the phrase "to someone's pleasing."
Derived terms: self-pleasing
pacify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpæsɪfaɪ/
ipa: /ˈpæsəfaɪ/
homophone: passify
Forms: form: pacifies
form: pacifying
form: pacified
form: pacified
Etymology: From Middle French pacifier, from Latin pāx (“peace”) + faciō (“I do, make”). Cognate with pay and peacify.
Senses: glosses: To bring peace to (a place or situation), by ending war, fighting, violence, anger or agitation.
examples: text: Watt decided in the end that an examination of Erskine's room was essential, if his mind was to be pacified, in this connexion.
ref: 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:
text: Screaming feed me here
Fill me up again
Temporarily pacifying
ref: 2000, “The Hollow”, performed by A Perfect Circle:
glosses: To appease (someone).
Synonyms: word: allay
word: locarnize
word: peacify
word: repacify
word: ameliorate
word: appease
word: assuage
word: becalm
word: bestill
word: bring down
word: calm
word: calm down
word: cool down
word: cool off
word: delay
word: hose down
word: lull
word: mollify
word: pacify
word: peacen
word: placate
word: put at ease
word: quell
word: relax
word: soothe
word: still
word: temper
Hyponyms: word: humor
word: make silent
Derived terms: pacifiable
pacifier
pacifyingly
repacify
unpacify
unpacifying
Related terms: word: pacific
word: pacifier
word: pacifism
word: pacifist
word: pacifistic
word: passive
word: peace
word: calmness
enjoyment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/
ipa: /ənˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/
ipa: /ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪmənt/
Forms: form: enjoyments
Etymology: From enjoy + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: Few activities better the enjoyment of a hearty meal eaten in good company.
text: Then we relapsed into a discomfited silence, and wished we were anywhere else. But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud, and with such a hearty enjoyment that instead of getting angry and more mortified we began to laugh ourselves, and instantly felt better.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
text: Our Republic continues to increase in the enjoyment of freedom within its borders, and to offer strength and encouragement to all those who love freedom throughout the world.
ref: 1950 January 4, Harry S. Truman, Fifth State of the Union Address:
glosses: The condition of enjoying anything.
examples: text: All acts suppose certain dispositions, and habits of mind and heart, which may be in themselves states of enjoyment or of wretchedness, and which must be fruitful in other consequences besides those particular acts.
ref: 1833, John Stuart Mill, Remarks on Bentham's Philosophy:
glosses: An enjoyable state of mind.
examples: text: Is it, haply, an idle occupation, or is the time ill-spent that is spent in roaming the world in quest, not of its enjoyments, but of those arduous toils whereby the good mount upwards to the abodes of everlasting life?
ref: 1885, John Ormsby, Don Quixote, translation of original by Miguel de Cervantes, published 1605, 1615:
glosses: An activity that gives pleasure.
topics: law
glosses: The exercise of a legal right.
Derived terms: disenjoyment
reenjoyment
unenjoyment
Related terms: amusement
joy
happiness
hedonism
solar prominence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: solar prominences
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: Any of the large eruptions of luminous hydrogen gas that rise thousands of kilometers above the chromosphere of the Sun.
Related terms: coronal hole
coronal mass ejection
solar filament
solar flare
superflare
hood
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /hʊd/
ipa: [hʊ̈d]
ipa: [hɪ̈d]
rhymes: -ʊd
Forms: form: hoods
form: hooding
form: hooded
form: hooded
Etymology: From Middle English hood, hod, from Old English hōd, from Proto-West Germanic *hōd, from Old English hōd, from Proto-Germanic *hōdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to cover”).
See also Saterland Frisian Houd (“hat; hood”), West Frisian/Dutch hoed (“hat”), Cimbrian huat, huut (“hat”), German Hut (“hat”), German Low German Hood (“hat; hood”), Luxembourgish Hutt (“hat”); also Proto-Iranian *xawdaH (“hat”) (Avestan 𐬑𐬂𐬛𐬀 (xåda), Old Persian 𐎧𐎢𐎭 (x-u-d /⁠xaudā⁠/)). More at hat.
Senses: antonyms: unhood
glosses: To cover (something) with a hood.
glosses: To extend out from (something), in the manner of a hood.
glosses: To grow over the eyelid but not the eye itself.
raw_tags: of skin and soft tissue
Derived terms: hooded
unhood
unhooded
hood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hʊd/
ipa: [hʊ̈d]
ipa: [hɪ̈d]
rhymes: -ʊd
Forms: form: hoods
Etymology: Clipping of hoodlum.
Senses: examples: text: Teen-age hoods steal cars in cities, take them into the pines, strip them, ignite them, and leave the scene.
ref: 1968, John McPhee, chapter 7, in The Pine Barrens:
glosses: Gangster, thug.
hood
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /hʊd/
ipa: [hʊ̈d]
ipa: [hɪ̈d]
rhymes: -ʊd
Forms: form: 'hood
Etymology: Clipping of neighborhood; compare nabe.
Senses: glosses: Relating to inner-city everyday life, both positive and negative aspects; especially people’s attachment to and love for their neighborhoods.
hood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hʊd/
ipa: [hʊ̈d]
ipa: [hɪ̈d]
rhymes: -ʊd
Forms: form: hoods
form: 'hood
Etymology: Clipping of neighborhood; compare nabe.
Senses: examples: text: What’s goin’ down in the hood?
text: Neighborhoods are now hoods cause nobody's neighbors / Just animals surviving with that animal behavior
ref: 1996, “Stakes is High”, in Stakes Is High, performed by De La Soul:
qualifier: African-American Vernacular
glosses: A neighborhood.
synonyms: word: ghetto
word: shithole
glosses: Any poor suburb or neighbourhood.
Synonyms: sense: poor neighborhood, esp. black
word: ghetto
sense: neighborhood
word: nabe
sense: neighborhood
word: neighborhood
Derived terms: all good in the hood
hood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hʊd/
ipa: [hʊ̈d]
ipa: [hɪ̈d]
rhymes: -ʊd
Forms: form: hoods
Etymology: Clipping of hoodie, influenced by existing sense “hoodlum”.
Senses: glosses: Person wearing a hoodie.
multitude
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmʌltɪtjuːd/
ipa: [-t͡ʃ-]
ipa: /ˈmʊltɪt͡ʃuːd/
ipa: /ˈmʌltəˌt(j)ud/
Forms: form: multitudes
Etymology: From Middle English multitude, multitud, multytude (“(great) amount or number of people or things; multitudinous”), borrowed from Old French multitude (“crowd of people; diversity, wide range”), or directly from its etymon Latin multitūdō (“great amount or number of people or things”), from multus (“many; much”) + -tūdō (suffix forming abstract nouns indicating a state or condition). The English word is analysable as multi- + -itude.
Senses: examples: text: Do I contradict myself? / Very well then I contradict myself, / (I am large, I contain multitudes.)
ref: 1892, Walt Whitman, “Song of Myself”, in Leaves of Grass […], Philadelphia, Pa.: David McKay, publisher, […], →OCLC, stanza 51, page 78:
text: A torrential rain poured down from the floodgates of the angry heavens upon the bared heads of the assembled multitude which numbered at the lowest computation five hundred thousand persons.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 12: The Cyclops]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
text: On the other hand, to arrive after dusk, when the multitude of garish little public-houses are lit up, giving glimpses of crowded jostling bars and taprooms, is an introduction to a fine city well calculated to affect even the most nonchalant.
ref: 1951 October, R. S. McNaught, “Lines of Approach”, in Railway Magazine, page 703:
text: We found Pop Glossop in his pantry polishing silver, and put in our order. He seemed a little surprised at the inrush of such a multitude, but on learning that our tongues were hanging out obliged with a bottle of the best […]
ref: 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XIV, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
text: Ever since El Martinez started asking to be called by the gender-neutral pronouns “they/them” in the ninth grade, they have fielded skepticism in a variety of forms and from a multitude of sources about what it means to identify as nonbinary.
ref: 2019 May 29, Amy Harmon, “Which Box Do You Check? Some States Are Offering a Nonbinary Option”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 08 Jun 2019:
synonyms: word: hantel, hantle
glosses: A great amount or number, often of people; abundance, myriad, profusion.
examples: text: Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil
ref: 1599, “Exodus 23:2”, in Geneva Bible, Tolle Lege Press, →ISBN, page 83:
text: Along with its natural protectors and guardians, learning will be caſt into the mire and trodden down under the hoofs of a ſwiniſh multitude.
ref: 1790 November, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. […], London: […] J[ames] Dodsley, […], →OCLC, page 117:
synonyms: crowd
glosses: The mass of ordinary people; the masses, the populace.
Derived terms: word: contain multitudes
word: multitudinous
word: of multitude
word: overmultitude
fluster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈflʌstə/
ipa: /ˈflʌstəɹ/
rhymes: -ʌstə(ɹ)
Forms: form: flusters
Etymology: The verb is probably from Middle English *flostren, *flostre (implied in flostring, flostrynge (“agitation; blustering”)) from a Scandinavian (North Germanic) language; compare Icelandic flaustr (“a bustle; a hurry”), flaustra (“to bustle”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: Good-morrovv, Madam; hovv do you do to-day? you ſeem to be in a little fluſter.
ref: a. 1727 (date written), John Vanbrugh, A Journey to London. Being Part of a Comedy Written by the Late Sir John Vanbrugh, Knt. and Printed after His Own Copy: […], London: […] John Watts, […], published 1728, →OCLC, Act II, page 23:
text: I wouldna wonder but ye're richt, Leeby; for Chirsty would be in an oncommon fluster if she thocht the lad's mither was likely to hear 'at her best chair was torn.
ref: 1889, J[ames] M[atthew] Barrie, “On the Track of the Minister”, in A Window in Thrums, London: Hodder and Stoughton, […], →OCLC, page 13:
synonyms: flurry
glosses: A state of agitation or confusion; a flutter.
examples: text: It is certainly a very agreeable change, when we see a glass raise a lifeless conversation into all the pleasures of wit and good humour. But when Caska adds to his natural impudence the fluster of a bottle, that which fools call fire when he was sober, all men abhor as outrage when he is drunk.
ref: 1710 November 29 (Gregorian calendar), Isaac Bickerstaff [et al., pseudonyms; Richard Steele et al.], “Saturday, November 18, 1710”, in The Tatler, number 252; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume III, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 335:
glosses: A state of slight drunkenness or tipsiness; also, the excitement caused by this state.
examples: text: Yet to vvork he fell, not omitting firſt to Sum himſelf up in the vvhole vvardrobe of his Function; […] as to the end that being huff'd up in all his Eccleſiaſtical fluſter, he might appear more formidable, and in the pride of his Heart and Habit, out-boniface an Humble Moderator.
ref: 1676, Andreas Rivetus, Junior [pseudonym; Andrew Marvell], Mr. Smirke. Or, The Divine in Mode. […], [London]: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 4:
text: Let no preſent fluſter of Fortune, or flovv of Riches, either tranſport the Man himſelf vvith Confidence, or the Fools about him vvith Admiration, till vve ſee that it makes him better and vviſer than he vvas before, […]
ref: 1717, Robert South, “The Third Part or Discourse Concerning Temptation. 2 Peter ii. 9.”, in Twelve Sermons and Discourses on Several Subjects and Occasions. […], volume VI, London: […] Jonah Bowyer, […], →OCLC, page 220:
qualifier: uncertain
glosses: Showiness, splendour.
discography
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌdɪsˈkɒɡɹəfi/
ipa: /ˌdɪsˈkɑɡɹəfi/
rhymes: -ɒɡɹəfi
Forms: form: discographies
form: diskography
Etymology: From disco- + -graphy.
Senses: glosses: Complete collection of the releases of a musical act.
glosses: List of all of the releases of a certain musical act, usually with release dates, and often with other information about the releases.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: radiography of the spine after injection of a contrast medium into a disc.
Derived terms: discographic
Related terms: bibliography
comicography
filmography
sessionography
softography
videography
spoonerism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈspuː.nəɹˌɪ.zəm/
enpr: spo͞oʹ-nər-ĭʹ-zəm
Forms: form: spoonerisms
form: Spoonerism
Etymology: From Spooner + -ism, named after Oxford don Reverend W. A. Spooner (1844–1930), who is supposed to have habitually made such slip-ups.
Senses: examples: text: Undergraduates at Oxford University were playfully fond of Spooner, whom they nicknamed "the Spoo". They also coined the term "spoonerism" around 1885, after Spooner had been a fellow at New College for almost twenty years. By 1892, his reputation for absentmindedness was well known; students came to New College expecting to hear a spoonerism.
ref: 2007, Michael Erard, Um…: Slips, Stumbles, and Verbal Blunders, and What They Mean, page 16:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
synonyms: marrowsky
glosses: A play on words on a phrase in which the initial (usually consonantal) sounds of two or more of the main words are transposed.
Related terms: spooneristic
aforesaid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈfɔɹsɛd/
ipa: /əˈfɔːsɛd/
Etymology: From Middle English aforesaid(e), aforeseid(e), past participle of aforesayen, aforeseyen, aforeseien, aforeseggen; formed with the prefix afore- and the several forms of seien (“to say”). Equivalent to afore- + said.
Senses: examples: text: I soon took pity upon them and on myself, and rode off; but before I had crossed the aforesaid green glade, I heard their voices and laughter rising gaily as before. Very impertinent!
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter III, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 30:
glosses: Previously stated; said or named before.
Synonyms: abovesaid
abovementioned
aforementioned
mentioned
latter
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: note: r
enpr: lăt'ə
ipa: /ˈlæt.ə(ɹ)/
note: non-rhotic
ipa: /ˈlæt.ɚ/
ipa: [ˈlæɾ.ɚ]
homophone: ladder stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
rhymes: -ætə(ɹ)
Etymology: From Old English lætra, comparative form of læt (“late”). Doublet of later; also, cognate with last, whose doublet is latest.
Senses: examples: text: The archaic past participle shapen is only used in misshapen, ill-shapen, and well-shapen (the latter two are much less common, though).
text: On sale next to dried fish and chicken feet were rats and bats (the latter's wings in a pile like leather scraps, also for sale), plus cut-up pigs and monkeys, their faces intact.
ref: March 2017, Jennifer S. Holland, “For These Monkeys, It’s a Fight for Survival.”, in National Geographic:
text: the difference between reason and revelation, and in what sense the latter is superior
ref: 1725, Isaac Watts, Logick: Or, The Right Use of Reason in the Enquiry after Truth, […], 2nd edition, London: […] John Clark and Richard Hett, […], Emanuel Matthews, […], and Richard Ford, […], published 1726, →OCLC:
glosses: Relating to or being the second of two items.
examples: the latter part of the century
glosses: Near (or nearer) to the end.
examples: text: In his latter years my dad became very absent-minded.
text: Hath not navigation discovered in these latter ages, whole nations at the bay of Soldania […]?
ref: 1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC:
synonyms: later
glosses: In the past, but close (or closer) to the present time.
Derived terms: at latter Lammas
latter end
lattermost
latterness
Related terms: english: latter; the superlative form of
translation: latter; the superlative form of
word: last
word: latter-day
word: latterly
word: lattermath
sciolist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsaɪəlɪst/
Forms: form: sciolists
Etymology: From Late Latin sciolus + -ist. First attested at the beginning of the 17th century.
Senses: examples: text: Men of true ſcience modestly admit the truth on the authority of the divine word; the ſciolist in imitation of the peasant, whoſe obſtinacy is the natural reſult of pride, and ignorance, will not believe if he does not comprehend.
ref: 1808, E[dmund] B[urke], A Treatise on the First Principles of Christianity, in which all Difficulties Stated by Ancient and Modern Sceptics, are Dispassionately Discussed, Halifax, Nova Scotia: Printed by John Howe and Son, →OCLC, page 207:
text: Alfred Marshall (1885) The Present Position of Economics: Among the bad results of the narrowness of the work of English economists early in the century perhaps the most unfortunate was the opportunity which it gave to sciolists to quote and misapply economic dogmas.
text: But M. [Édouard] Dujardin is a poet; "vers libres" in the hands of a sciolist are the most intolerably easy and annoying of poetical exercises.
ref: 1893, Arthur Symons, “The Decadent Movement in Literature”, in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, volume 87, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 863:
text: And I think I can divine two classes of agitators from whom we may apprehend danger. I name them together as the sciolists and the socialists. The sciolist is dangerous in politics, as elsewhere, because his knowledge is imperfect and superficial and his conceit is apt to be in proportion to his ignorance.
ref: 1907, Religious Education Association, The Materials of Religious Education: Being the Principal Papers Present at, and the Proceedings of the Fourth General Convention of the Religious Education Association, Rochester, New York, February 5–7, 1907 [Proceedings of the Annual Convention; 4th], Chicago, Ill.: Executive Office of the Association, →OCLC:
text: Sir, I can only say I believe that he is a sciolist. Sciolist is an odd word. I am sure you know what it means, Mr. Speaker, but for those who do not, it means a person who believes he knows in fact more than he does.
ref: 1963, Federal Assembly of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Debates of the Federal Assembly, volume 19, Salisbury: Printed by the Parliamentary Printers, →OCLC, page 1887:
text: Walter is […] a dupe to the half-baked speculations of every sciolist from [René] Descartes down to ‘Coglionissimo Borri’, and a pack of other dunces.
ref: 2003, Roy Porter, Flesh in the Age of Reason, London, New York, N.Y.: Allen Lane, →ISBN, page 290:
coordinate_terms: dabbler
dilettante
jack of all trades
know-it-all
fachidiot
glosses: One who exhibits only superficial knowledge; a self-proclaimed expert with little real understanding.
Related terms: sciolism
sciolistic
sciolistical
sciolistically
pygmalion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /pɪɡˈmeɪliən/
Forms: form: pygmalions
Etymology: From Pygmalion, from Ancient Greek Πυγμαλίων (Pugmalíōn), from Phoenician 𐤐𐤏𐤌𐤉𐤕𐤍 (pʿmytn /⁠puġ‘mayaton⁠/), from Phoenician 𐤐𐤌𐤉𐤉𐤕𐤍 (pmyytn /⁠pumayyaton⁠/, “Pumay has given”), from Phoenician 𐤐𐤌𐤉 (pmy, “Pumay”) + Phoenician 𐤉𐤕𐤍 (ytn /⁠yaton⁠/, “to give”).
Senses: glosses: One who acts as the legendary Greek sculptor Pygmalion (who was granted the wish of having life given to a sculpture of his which he fell deeply in love with), as in George Bernard Shaw's Pygmalion in which he sometimes refers to his main character (Henry Higgins) as Pygmalion Higgins.
draggle-tailed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹæɡl̩ˌteɪld/
Forms: form: more draggle-tailed
form: most draggle-tailed
form: draggled-tailed
form: draggletailed
Etymology: Taken from draggle (“net drawn along the bottom of the water for fishing”), this was originally applied to women whose dresses dragged along the ground behind them.
Senses: examples: text: And yet by the way, as one sometime demanded of one of his complices, How it came to pass, that they, who take upon them by the Stars, to tel everie draggle-tail’d Girl that comes to them to enquire after a Silver Spoon lost, what was become of it, and which way it was gone; yet could not by their star-skil foresee and foretel the Scotch Kings defeat at Worcester […]
ref: 1654, Thomas Gataker, A Discours Apologetical, London: Thomas Newberry, page 4:
text: 1830, William Hazlitt, Conversations of James Northcote, Esq., R.A., London: Henry Colburn & Richard Bentley, “Conversation the Fourth,” p. 51,
Every thing of that sort appears to be at present no better than it is with us in a country-town: or rather it wants the simplicity and rustic innocence, and is more like the draggled-tailed finery of a lady’s waiting-maid.
text: 1840, Walt Whitman, letter to Abraham P. Leech dated 11 August, 1840, in Ted Genoways (ed.), Walt Whitman: The Correspondence, Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 2004, Volume 7, p. 3,
[…] probably all the whig enthusiasm generated on that occasion was melted down again by this unlucky shower, for we passed loads of forlorn gentlemen, with draggle-tailed coats, crest-fallen hats, and sour-looking phizzes. — The mighty patriotism they felt was drowned by a tormenting slipperiness of coat, shirt, and pantaloons.
text: [A] cock and two or three draggle-tailed hens were composing themselves to roost on the front portion of the cart between the shafts.
ref: 1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor; […], volume II (The London Street-folk. Book the Second.), London: [Griffin, Bohn, and Company], →OCLC, page 88:
text: Never lose a chance: it doesnt come everyday. I shall make a duchess of this draggletailed guttersnipe.
ref: 1912 (date written), [George] Bernard Shaw, “Pygmalion”, in Androcles and the Lion, Overruled, Pygmalion, London: Constable and Company, published 1916, →OCLC, Act II, page 123:
text: You sound like you have been to college even. You sound almost like a Northerner even, not like the draggle-tailed women of those Delta peckerwoods.
ref: 1942 May–June, William Faulkner, “Delta Autumn”, in Go Down, Moses, New York, N.Y.: Random House, published 1942 (3rd printing), →OCLC, page 360:
text: A year before my return Elwood had swapped his old truck for this draggle-tailed creature. He was pleased with the deal—a whole mule for a broken-down truck that had to be removed from the farm in several hundred rusting pieces.
ref: 2004, Andrea Levy, chapter 18, in Small Island, London: Review, page 201:
qualifier: or of clothing
glosses: Slatternly, untidy, unkempt.
raw_tags: of a person or other animal
Related terms: bedraggled
draggle-tail
efflux
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛflʌks/
Forms: form: effluxes
Etymology: From Latin effluxus, from effluō (“flow out or away”), from ex (“out of, from”) + fluō (“flow”). See also effluxion.
Senses: examples: text: We all age through the efflux of time.
text: The efflux of matter from a boil can be painful.
text: It is there that the devout affections, undisturbed by other faculties, are incessantly in efflux.
ref: 1832, Isaac Taylor, Saturday Evening, page 398:
text: 1988, Elizabeth Sagey, Degree of closure in complex segments, Norval Smith, Harry van der Hulst (editors), Features, Segmental Structure and Harmony Processes, Part 1, Linguistic Models 12a, page 176,
The remaining effluxes are pronounced without audible velar release.
text: By facilitating efflux of drugs from the intracellular domain, these proteins reduce cytotoxicity and thus confer drug resistance.
ref: 2003, Awtar Krishan, “Flow cytometric monitoring of drug resistance in human tumor cells”, in R.C. Sobti, A. Krishan, editors, Advanced Flow Cytometry: Applications in Biological Research, page 55:
glosses: The process of flowing out.
examples: text: the efflux of a boil
text: Prime cheerer, light! […] Efflux divine.
ref: a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:
text: Thus between the earth and the sky there is a perpetual exchange of effluxes following a double way, ascending and descending. From the earth and sea arise effluxes, some dry, others moist.
ref: 1963, Arnold Reymond, History of the Sciences in Greco-Roman Antiquity, page 31:
glosses: Something which has flowed out.
Synonyms: sense: process of flowing out
word: outflow
sense: process of flowing out
word: effluxion
sense: process of flowing out
word: effluence
sense: that which has flowed out
word: outflow
Derived terms: effluxome
radioefflux
efflux
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛflʌks/
Forms: form: effluxes
form: effluxing
form: effluxed
form: effluxed
Etymology: From Latin effluxus, from effluō (“flow out or away”), from ex (“out of, from”) + fluō (“flow”). See also effluxion.
Senses: glosses: To run out; to flow forth.
glosses: To pass away.
effluence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛfluəns/
Forms: form: effluences
Etymology: From French effluence, from Latin effluentia.
Senses: glosses: The process of flowing out.
examples: text: But we have grounds to believe, that there are yet other Rays or Effluences from the Sun, which neither Feeling nor Sight can apprehend, but which are to be inferred from the effects.
ref: 1825, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “Aphorisms on that which is indeed spiritual religion”, in Aids to Reflection, page 197:
text: The doctrine of spiritism is associated in Shinto with the word Mitama, for which "spirit" is the nearest English equivalent. Strictly speaking, the Mitama is not the God, but an emanation or effluence from him, which inhabits his temple, and is the vehicle of his action at a distance from the place where he himself resides.
ref: 1905, William George Aston, Shinto: The Way of the Gods, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., page 26:
glosses: Something that flows out; the issue.
Synonyms: sense: process of flowing out
word: efflux
sense: process of flowing out
word: effluxion
sense: process of flowing out
word: outflow
Related terms: effluent