cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
cace
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: caces
Senses: examples: text: Thus vvhilſt he hopt he hild her leaſt, ſo altereth the cace / VVith ſuch as ſhe, Ah ſuch it is to build on ſuch a face.
ref: 1586, William Warner, “The Fourth Booke. Chapter XXXVI.”, in Albions England. Or Historicall Map of the Same Island: […], London: […] George Robinson [and R. Ward] for Thomas Cadman, […], →OCLC, page 174:
glosses: Obsolete spelling of case.
saliant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: He beareth, Or, a Lion Saliant, Gules, by the name of Felbridge. The Proper forme of a Lion Saliant, is Lion Saliant when his right forefoot answereth to the Dexter corner of the Escocheon, and his hindmost foot the sinister base[…]
ref: 1632, John Guillim, A Display of Heraldrie, page 195:
text: Or two Wolves counter saliant Sable.
ref: 1842, Thomas Chatterton, Poetical Works: With Notices of His Life, History of the Rowley Controversy, a Selection of His Letters, and Notes, Critical and Explanatory, page 706:
text: Williams : argent , two foxes saliant counter-saliant in saltire, gules, the dexter surmounting the sinister (fig. 100). Sir Simon de Felbrigge, K.G .: or, a lion saliant gules (fig. 89). Fitz Payne: gules, three lions[…]
ref: 1898, The Encyclopaedia Britannica ...: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and General Literature ... in Thirty Volumes with New American Supplement, page 699:
topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
glosses: Alternative form of salient.
examples: text: When the counterguard is placed before the ravelin, set off forty toises on the capital of the ravelin from the saliant angle A to the saliant angle B, of the counterguard; and ten from C to D, on the counterscarp of the ditch.
ref: (Can we date this quote?), Thomas Curtis, The London encyclopaedia, or, Universal dictionary of science, art, literature, and practical mechanics, by the orig. ed. of the Encyclopaedia metropolitana, page 451:
glosses: Obsolete spelling of salient.
cazas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of caza
paillasses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of paillasse
choques
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of choque
choques
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of choque
lithopedion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lithopedions
form: lithopedia
form: lithopaedion
Etymology: From Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos, “stone”) + παιδίον (paidíon, “little child”).
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A calcium-encased foetus that occurs in ectopic abdominal pregnancies when the foetus dies and is not reabsorbed by the maternal body, whereby the maternal system encases the foreign body (foetus) in calcium to isolate it.
Synonyms: stone baby
Hyponyms: lithokelyphopedion
lithokelyphos
lithotecnon
lithopedian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of lithopedion.
skeuomorph
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskjuːəmɔɹf/
enpr: skyo͞oʹə-môrf
Forms: form: skeuomorphs
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σκεῦος (skeûos, “implement, tool, vessel”) + μορφή (morphḗ, “form”), modeled after zoomorph (“resembling an animal”) and phyllomorph (“resembling a plant”).
Senses: examples: text: As soon as man began to make things, to fasten a handle to a stone implement, to construct a wattled roof, to weave a mat, skeuomorphs became an inseparable part of his brain, and ultimately occasioned a mental craving or expectancy.
ref: 1889, Henry Colley March, “The Meaning of Ornament; or its Archæology and its Psychology”, in Transactions of the Lancashire and Chesire Antiquarian Society, volume 7, page 166:
text: 1987, Alexander von Gernet, Peter Timmins, Pipes and Parakeets: Constructing Meaning in an Early Iroquoian Context, Ian Hodder, Archaeology As Long-Term History, page 37,
One of the most striking examples of a skeuomorph is the aforementioned impaled bird motif which has the stem of a pipe thrust through the body of a duck or other bird, so that the mouthpiece protrudes from the bill.
text: 2000, "skeuomorph", entry in Barbara Ann Kipfer, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology, page 519,
A decorative bow attached to a shoe is a skeuomorph of the laces once used to tie it; triangular shapes drawn below handles on pottery are skeuomorphs of the metal plates by which the handles on metal prototypes were attached; and the semicircular mark on the back of a teaspoon represents the broadening of the handle where it was soldered to the bowl when it used to be made in two pieces.
text: Such skeuomorphs can be used to reconstruct ephemeral artifacts that cannot be recovered archaeologically. Understood in this way, the skeuomorph functions to extend the archaeological record.
ref: 2005, Alice A. Donohue, Greek Sculpture and the Problem of Description, page 81:
text: While working two months ago in South Lowestoft, Suffolk, British archaeologist Clare Good excavated a four-sided object made of the mineral jet. It closely matches a geometrically designed gold object found far away at a burial site called Bush Barrow near Stonehenge in Wiltshire. The match is so close that experts believe the black artifact is a skeuomorph, or a copy in a different material.
ref: 2007 April 6, Jennifer Viegas, “Stonehenge Amulets Worn by Elite”, in Discovery News:
glosses: A design feature copied from a similar feature in another object, even when not functionally necessary.
Synonyms: skiamorph
Derived terms: skeuomorphic
skeuomorphism
sweetling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sweetlings
Etymology: From sweet + -ling.
Senses: glosses: A small, sweet thing.
glosses: Darling; sometimes used as a term of endearment.
suprathermal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more suprathermal
form: most suprathermal
Etymology: From supra- + thermal.
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Having an energy greater than that associated with a comparable entity generated by thermal excitation
superencipherment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: superencipherments
Etymology: From super- + encipherment.
Senses: glosses: superencryption
superencryption
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: superencryptions
Etymology: From super- + encryption.
Senses: glosses: The application of a series of multiple encryption processes to a text.
Related terms: superencrypt
subtilised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of subtilise
subtilise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: subtilises
form: subtilising
form: subtilised
form: subtilised
Senses: examples: text: The refinement of our tastes, of course, is communicated to our sentiments; and we exaggerate, subtilise, and spiritualise—the three chief ingredients of romance.
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXIII, in Romance and Reality. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 303:
glosses: Alternative spelling of subtilize.
subtilize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: subtilizes
form: subtilizing
form: subtilized
form: subtilized
form: subtilise
Etymology: From French subtiliser; equivalent to subtle + -ize.
Senses: glosses: To make subtle; to make thin or fine; to make less gross or coarse.
examples: text: to subtilize arguments
text: Nor as yet have we subtilized ourselves into savages.
ref: 1790 November, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, and on the Proceedings in Certain Societies in London Relative to that Event. […], London: […] J[ames] Dodsley, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To refine; to spin into niceties.
glosses: To use subtle arguments or distinctions.
bromhexine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus.
imperilled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of imperil; alternative spelling of imperiled.
South Carolinian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Of, or pertaining to, South Carolina
South Carolinian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: South Carolinians
Senses: glosses: A native or resident of the state of South Carolina in the United States of America.
Synonyms: South Carolinan
Hypernyms: American
Related terms: North Carolinian
Carolinian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈlɪniən/
rhymes: -ɪniən
Senses: glosses: Of, or pertaining to, the Carolinas (North Carolina or South Carolina).
glosses: Of, or pertaining to, the Caroline Islands.
glosses: Synonym of Carolingian.
synonyms: word: Carolingian
Carolinian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈlɪniən/
rhymes: -ɪniən
Forms: form: Carolinians
Senses: glosses: A resident of the Carolinas (North Carolina or South Carolina).
Carolinian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈlɪniən/
rhymes: -ɪniən
Senses: glosses: An Austronesian language, one of the official languages of the Northern Mariana Islands.
Carolinas
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Carolinas
Senses: examples: Meronyms: North Carolina, NC, South Carolina, SC
glosses: North Carolina and South Carolina, collectively.
Related terms: Carolinian
Carolinas
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: plural of Carolina (female given name)
Tex-Mex
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛks.mɛks/
Etymology: Blend of Texan + Mexican
Senses: glosses: A type of cuisine, a mix of Texan and Mexican foods, associated with spicy chilis.
examples: text: Written first and foremost for the sensibility of the Latina in the US, Cuentos is bilingual and bicultural. Some of the stories appear in Spanish, others in English; most are written in Spanglish and Tex-Mex.
ref: 1984 April 14, Stephanie Poggi, “Mujeres en Lucha”, in Gay Community News, page 10:
glosses: An English-influenced dialect of Spanish spoken on both sides of the Mexico-United States border..
Related terms: interior Mexican
Tex-Mexican
Cal-Mex
chile relleno
chili con carne
chili con queso
enchilada
fajita
taco
chilis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of chili
Texas toast
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Texas toasts
Senses: glosses: A style of sliced bread, roughly twice the thickness of normal sliced bread and often with butter or garlic butter, popular in Texas.
tivoization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtiːvəʊ.ɪˌzeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: tivoisation
Etymology: From TiVo + -ization. Coined by Richard Stallman in 2007, in reference to TiVo's use of GNU GPL-licensed software on the TiVo brand digital video recorders.
Senses: topics: computing
copyright
engineering
intellectual-property
law
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The creation of a system that incorporates software under the terms of a copyleft software license, but uses hardware to prevent users from running modified versions of the software on that hardware.
Wyomingite
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Wyoming + -ite.
Senses: synonyms: Wyomingian
hypernyms: American
glosses: Of, or pertaining to, the state of Wyoming.
Wyomingite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Wyomingites
Etymology: From Wyoming + -ite.
Senses: examples: text: This effort has taken the form of an Internet-based recruitment program called Wyoming Grown. Young Wyomingites who have left the state sign up on the program’s website, and quickly receive a call from a recruiter who helps link them to work here.
ref: 2015 July 15, Julie Turkewitz, “Wyoming, Long on Pride but Short on People, Hopes to Lure Some Back”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 19 Jul 2015:
text: She [Liz Cheney] introduced herself as a “fourth-generation Wyomingite.”
ref: 2022 August 16, Trip Gabriel, “Lawyer Who Defeated Cheney Spent Career Fighting Environmental Rules”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 Aug 2022:
synonyms: Wyomingian
hypernyms: American
glosses: A native or resident of the state of Wyoming in the United States of America.
Wroclaw
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Wrocław
Senses: glosses: Alternative (anglicized) spelling of Wrocław
Connecticuter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Connecticuters
form: Connecticutter
Etymology: From Connecticut + -er.
Senses: glosses: A native or resident of the state of Connecticut in the United States of America.
Synonyms: Connecticutensian
Nutmegger
Hypernyms: American
Delawarean
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Delaware + -an.
Senses: glosses: Of, or pertaining to, Delaware or its culture.
Delawarean
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Delawareans
Etymology: From Delaware + -an.
Senses: glosses: A native or resident of the state of Delaware in the United States of America.
Hypernyms: American
butter chicken
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A mild curry with marinaded chicken in a makhani sauce.
pass the time
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: passes the time
form: passing the time
form: passed the time
form: passed the time
Senses: examples: text: Since the train was late, we passed the time looking at our fellow passengers and making up stories about them.
text: Look at all the ugly people
Fillin' holes to pass the time
ref: 2001, J. G. Thirlwell, “Heuldoch 7B”, in Flow, performed by Foetus:
glosses: To occupy oneself for a period of time.
Related terms: pass the time of day
pastime
kill time
stickery
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɪkəɹi
Forms: form: more stickery
form: most stickery
Etymology: From sticker + y.
Senses: glosses: Of, or pertaining to, stickers
glosses: Similar to a sticker
glosses: sticky, able to stick
Related terms: slapstickery
slapstickery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: slapstickeries
Etymology: From slapstick + -ery.
Senses: glosses: The art of performing slapstick.
slapsticker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: slapstickers
Etymology: From slapstick + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone who performs slapstick comedy.
glosses: A play, film or similar work characterised by slapstick.
carroccio
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: carroccios
form: carrocci
Etymology: From Italian carroccio.
Senses: glosses: A large four-wheeled wagon bearing the city signs around which the militia of the medieval communes gathered and fought, particularly in northern Italy.
whalefish
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: whalefishes
form: whalefish
Etymology: From whale + fish. Compare West Frisian walfisk, Dutch walvis (“whale”), German Low German Waalfisch, German Walfisch (“whale”), Danish hvalfisk (“whale”), Icelandic hvalfiskur.
Senses: glosses: A whale.
glosses: Any fish of the order Cetomimiformes of deepwater ray-finned fish.
Derived terms: taxonomic: Cetomimidae spp.
word: flabby whalefish
taxonomic: Rondeletiidae spp.
word: redmouth whalefish
taxonomic: Barbourisiidae spp.
word: velvet whalefish
whale catfish
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: whale catfishes
form: whale catfish
Senses: glosses: Any fish of the family Cetopsidae of catfishes.
Synonyms: cetopsid
airbreathing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From air + breathing.
Senses: topics: aeronautics
aerospace
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Using the air from the atmosphere for combustion
raw_tags: of an engine or missile
glosses: Which can breathe air for a short period of time; especially the airbreathing catfishes.
raw_tags: of fish
Derived terms: sense: Using air from the atmosphere for combustion
word: airbreathing propulsion
sense: Breathing air
word: airbreathing catfish
Counter-Reformation
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Counterreformation
form: Counter Reformation
Etymology: From counter- + Reformation.
Senses: examples: text: The Counter-Reformation was originally the creation of modern historians. The negative view, adopted by nineteenth-century German, and essentially Protestant, scholars, of those developments in Western Christendom which were opposed to the sixteenth-century Reformation, was characterized by the term ‘anti-Reformation’.
ref: 2017, Anthony D. Wright, The Counter-Reformation: Catholic Europe and the Non-Christian World, Routledge, →ISBN, page 1:
glosses: A period of Roman Catholic revival that aimed to combat the Reformation.
Derived terms: Counter-Reformer
IGF
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: IGFs
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Initialism of insulin-like growth factor.
Ig
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Igs
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Abbreviation of immunoglobulin.
Derived terms: IgA
IgD
IgE
IgG
IgM
pIg
pIgA
pIgG
PIgG
pIgM
PIIgG
UIgG
Constantinian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Constantinian
form: most Constantinian
Etymology: From Constantine + -ian.
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to Constantine the Great
expositive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more expositive
form: most expositive
Etymology: From exposit(ion) + -ive.
Senses: glosses: That explains; expository
Related terms: sense: Other classical types of illocutionary acts
word: behabitive
sense: Other classical types of illocutionary acts
word: commissive
sense: Other classical types of illocutionary acts
word: exercitive
sense: Other classical types of illocutionary acts
word: verdictive
carrocci
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of carroccio
practico
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: practicos
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish práctico (“experienced; skilled; practiced”). Doublet of practic.
Senses: examples: text: On the 14th March, we entered the Bio Guaurabo, one of the two ports of Trinidad de Cuba, to put on shore the practico, or pilot of Batabano, who had steered us across the flats of the Jardinillos […]
ref: 1907, Alexander von Humboldt, translated by Thomasina Ross, Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America:
glosses: A guide (person who guides).
fachan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fachans
Senses: examples: text: A fachan is a large, fierce monstrosity that is as dangerous as it is strange. A fachan has one eye in the middle of its forehead, a single arm in the middle of its chest and one leg supporting it from underneath. The fachan's[…]
ref: (Can we date this quote?), RuneQuest Monsters, Mongoose Publishing, →ISBN, page 63:
text: "I can handle a fachan on my own,” Sir Celes said. “Don't worry, my regiment is...” “My father...” It felt so cold all of a sudden. Like a cloud had covered the sun. A fachan. A horrible, one-eyed giant. A terrifying monster that had taken something[…]
ref: 2020 April 27, Nao Wakasa, The Extraordinary, the Ordinary, and SOAP! Volume 1, J-Novel Club, →ISBN:
topics: arts
fantasy
folklore
history
human-sciences
literature
media
publishing
sciences
glosses: A giant in Irish and Scottish folklore, which has one central leg, one hand protruding from its chest, and one eye.
Related terms: nasnas
cyclops
ultrarevolutionary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more ultrarevolutionary
form: most ultrarevolutionary
Etymology: From ultra- + revolutionary.
Senses: glosses: Being revolutionary beyond normal practices, intensely revolutionary.
ultrarevolutionary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ultrarevolutionaries
Etymology: From ultra- + revolutionary.
Senses: glosses: An extreme revolutionary.
venerid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: venerids
Etymology: From translingual Veneridae, from translingual Venus.
Senses: glosses: A short-necked clam of the family Veneridae.
Synonyms: Venus clam
venerids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of venerid
ultrarevolutionaries
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ultrarevolutionary
misintegrate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: misintegrates
form: misintegrating
form: misintegrated
form: misintegrated
Etymology: From mis- + integrate.
Senses: examples: text: Thus emotions may skew our attention to external objects or cause us to misintegrate perceptual awareness, thus leading to poor judgments.
ref: 1999, Bryan Register, The Logic and Validity of Emotional Appeal in Classical Greek Rhetorical Theory: What is an Emotion? (masters thesis, University of Texas at Austin):
text: In the classical model, as Arlow's description makes clear, the patient misses — "misperceives, misintegrates, and misresponds" (1985, p. 526).
ref: 2009, Stephen A. Mitchell, Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis, page 299:
text: Contrasting with earlier findings, the conceptual framework reveals that service employees may not only integrate these customers' resources but also either misintegrate or not integrate them.
ref: 2016 April 11, Loïc Plé, “Studying customers' resource integration by service employees in interactional value co-creation”, in Journal of Services Marketing, volume 30, number 2:
text: Misintegration may be an alternative mechanism of MP as it does not imply monitoring failure and it may increase MP. Reynolds (2018) found that implicitness only increased MP among participants did not misintegrate.
ref: 2020, Reed Miller Reynolds, Why Does Misinformation Persist? Cognitive Explanations of the Implicit Message Effect (PhD Dissertation, Michigan State University):
glosses: To integrate incorrectly.
lant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /lænt/
ipa: /lɑːnt/
Etymology: Alteration of earlier land (“urine”), from Middle English *land (“urine”), from Old English hland (“urine”), from Proto-West Germanic *hland, from Proto-Germanic *hlandą (“urine”), from Proto-Indo-European *klān- (“liquid, wet ground”). Cognate with Icelandic hland (“urine”), Norwegian Nynorsk land (“urine”).
Senses: synonyms: sig
glosses: Aged urine, historically used by the Anglo-Saxons and others as fertilizer for high nitrogen content.
lant
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /lænt/
ipa: /lɑːnt/
Forms: form: lants
form: lanting
form: lanted
form: lanted
Etymology: Alteration of earlier land (“urine”), from Middle English *land (“urine”), from Old English hland (“urine”), from Proto-West Germanic *hland, from Proto-Germanic *hlandą (“urine”), from Proto-Indo-European *klān- (“liquid, wet ground”). Cognate with Icelandic hland (“urine”), Norwegian Nynorsk land (“urine”).
Senses: glosses: To flavor (ale) with aged urine.
lant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /lænt/
ipa: /lɑːnt/
Senses: examples: text: Did Mr. Ellershaw speak to Mr. Marsden, when he was playing at lant with you?
ref: 1834, Sandford Tatham, Alexander Fraser, A Verbatim Report of the Cause Doe Dem. Tatham V. Wright:
glosses: Obsolete form of lanterloo (the card game).
lant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /lænt/
ipa: /lɑːnt/
Forms: form: lants
Etymology: Compare lance.
Senses: glosses: Any of several species of slender marine fishes of the genus Ammodytes, including the common European species (Ammodytes tobianus) and the American species (Ammodytes americanus).
Synonyms: launce
sand eel
sand lance
stn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stns
form: stn.
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of station.
PAYG
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: But despite the current national limitations, Soloman Williams believes the PAYG technology being implemented in the South East can only be a good thing.
ref: 2025 February 5, Richard Wilcock, “GBR searches for answers to ticketing simplification”, in RAIL, number 1028, page 26:
glosses: Initialism of pay-as-you-go.
decongest
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /diːkənˈdʒɛst/
Forms: form: decongests
form: decongesting
form: decongested
form: decongested
Etymology: From de- + congest.
Senses: examples: text: Philip Haigh argues that the discussion in a private meeting of three options to decongest Manchester's Castlefield Corridor has reinforced a perception of 'increasing secrecy' around rail planning.
ref: 2021 May 5, Philip Haigh, “I think we need better than this from the rail industry”, in RAIL, number 930, page 50, photo caption:
glosses: To free from congestion.
Derived terms: decongester
Related terms: decongestion
caudle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɔːdəl/
rhymes: -ɔːdəl
homophone: caudal
homophone: coddle (cot–caught merger)
Forms: form: caudles
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English caudel, from Old Northern French caudel, from Medieval Latin caldellum, diminutive of Latin caldus, calidus (“warm”).
Senses: examples: text: Could a Taff'ta ſcarf, a long Eſtridge vvhing, / A ſtiffe Iron Doublet, and a Brazeel Pole / Tempt thee from Cambrick ſheets, fine active Thighs, / From Caudles vvhere the precious Amber ſvvims?
ref: 1634 (first performance), William D’avenant [i.e., William Davenant], The Wits: A Comedie; […], published 1636; republished in Two Excellent Plays: […], London: […] G. Bedel, and T[homas] Collins, […], 1665, →OCLC, Act I, page 1:
text: A venerable lady, known as Great-Aunt Grantley, who had money to bequeath to the Heir, and whom Adrian called The Eighteenth Century, occupied with Hippias the back ground of the house, and shared her caudles with him.
ref: 1859, George Meredith, chapter IV, in The Ordeal of Richard Feverel. A History of Father and Son. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC:
synonyms: posset
glosses: A drink given to the sick, consisting of ale or wine, bread, and eggs.
Derived terms: caudle cup
caudle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɔːdəl/
rhymes: -ɔːdəl
homophone: caudal
homophone: coddle (cot–caught merger)
Forms: form: caudles
form: caudling
form: caudled
form: caudled
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English caudel, from Old Northern French caudel, from Medieval Latin caldellum, diminutive of Latin caldus, calidus (“warm”).
Senses: glosses: To make into caudle.
examples: text: Will the cold brook, / Candied with ice, caudle thy morning taste, / To cure thy o'ernight's surfeit?
ref: c. 1605–1606, William Shakespeare, Timon of Athens, act 4, scene 3, lines 226–228:
glosses: To serve as a caudle to; to refresh.
unjustness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unjustnesses
Etymology: From unjust + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being unjust; unfairness.
autodidactism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of autodidacticism.
stumpage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stumpages
Etymology: From stump + -age.
Senses: examples: C. S. Sargent
Only trees above a certain size are allowed to be cut by loggers buying stumpage from the owners of land.
glosses: Trees and other standing timber, treated as a commodity.
glosses: The value of this timber.
glosses: The right to fell such timber.
examples: text: The cost of getting logs from the stump to the various sawmills, including cutting, hauling, driving, boomage, shorage, tolls, and other expenses, is, on an average, from $8 to $8.50 per 1000 feet. The average cost of stumpage is $2
ref: 1895, Congressional serial set, United States. Government Printing Office, page 177:
glosses: The fee for the right to fell such timber.
straight talk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: "I asked for straight talk, and thou hast given me sweet talk."
ref: 1891 August, Rudyard Kipling, chapter 20, in Life’s Handicap: Being Stories of Mine Own People, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., […], published October 1891, →OCLC:
text: "Tell him to go back to Durango and forget the foolish girl. […]"
"All right. That is straight talk, like an Indian's.
ref: 1917 January, Zane Grey, chapter II, in Wildfire, New York, N.Y.; London: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC:
text: [H]e told voters in the economically ravaged state that lost auto-industry jobs "aren't coming back," a dose of undiluted straight talk that probably cemented his loss there.
ref: 2008 January 23, James Carney, “The Resurrection of John McCain”, in Time:
glosses: Simple, honest speaking.
Derived terms: straight talker
Related terms: play it straight
shoot someone straight
straight shooter
plain English
straight talker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: straight talkers
form: straight-talker
Senses: synonyms: straight shooter
glosses: A person who speaks simply and honestly.
Related terms: play it straight
shoot someone straight
straight talk
stomochord
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stomochords
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: A buccal diverticulum in the proboscis of hemichordates
hemichordate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: hemicordate
Forms: form: hemichordates
Etymology: From hemi- + cordate.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Any of many marine worms, of the phylum Hemichordata, that have a primitive notochord
hemichordate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: hemicordate
Forms: form: more hemichordate
form: most hemichordate
Etymology: From hemi- + cordate.
Senses: glosses: Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of these animals
stockgrower
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stockgrowers
Etymology: From stock + grower.
Senses: glosses: A person who raises livestock; a stockman.
involucra
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnvəˈluːkɹə/
rhymes: -uːkɹə
Senses: glosses: plural of involucrum
ultracritical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + critical.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of hypercritical.
synonyms: word: hypercritical
picket line
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪkɪt laɪn/
ipa: /ˈpɪkɪt ˌlaɪn/
Forms: form: picket lines
Etymology: From picket (“stake driven into the ground; soldier or small unit of soldiers assigned to perform a duty; protester positioned outside a workplace, etc., during a strike; the protest itself”) + line.
Senses: glosses: A line or rope held by one or many pickets, chiefly one used for tethering horses.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A barrier or fortification formed by pickets; a stockade.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A boundary guarded by a picket (unit of soldiers).
examples: text: RMT union members form a picket line outside Birmingham New Street on July 27, as part of a national dispute over jobs, pay and conditions.
ref: 2022 August 10, “Network News: RMT's Lynch raises the prospect of a General Strike”, in RAIL, number 963, page 7, photo caption:
glosses: A boundary created by workers participating in a strike, generally at the workplace entrance, which other workers are asked not to pass.
stimulon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stimulons
Etymology: From stimulus + -on.
Senses: topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A system of genes that are regulated by the same stimulus
Related terms: operon
regulon
stand on its own
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: stands on its own
form: standing on its own
form: stood on its own
form: stood on its own
Senses: glosses: To be independent of others
stand-up guy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stand-up guys
form: stand up guy
Senses: glosses: An honest and straightforward man of good character.
squamosal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more squamosal
form: most squamosal
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to the platelike part of the temporal bone
Derived terms: epiparietosquamosal
episquamosal
frontosquamosal
parietosquamosal
quadratosquamosal
squamosal bone
squamosal suture
subsquamosal
Related terms: squamous
squamosal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: squamosals
Senses: examples: example
glosses: The platelike part of the temporal bone
sphingid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sphingids
Senses: topics: biology
entomology
natural-sciences
glosses: Any of many hawk moths of the family Sphingidae
sphingid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more sphingid
form: most sphingid
Senses: examples: text: There was a crescent eaten out of a vine leaf by a sphingid larva.
ref: 1969, Vladimir Nabokov, Ada or Ardor, Penguin, published 2011, page 108:
glosses: Of or pertaining to these moths.
unsalty
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + salty.
Senses: glosses: Not salty
ultraserious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + serious.
Senses: glosses: Extremely serious.
mittened
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mitten + -ed.
Senses: glosses: Wearing a mitten, or mittens.
Derived terms: unmittened
mittened
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From mitten + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of mitten
headyard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: headyards
Etymology: From head + yard.
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Foreyard.
headyards
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of headyard
heating oil
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: heating oils
Senses: examples: Near-synonym: HHO
hypernyms: fuel oil
<
oil#Noun
;
fuel#Noun
coordinate_terms: diesel
mazut
mazout
bunker oil
glosses: A petroleum product used as fuel in a heating system and not requiring preheating for use.
traga
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A more extreme form of dharna, in which the complainant harms or kills himself or some member of his family as a form of vengeance.
masterless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more masterless
form: most masterless
Etymology: From Middle English masterles, maisterles, equivalent to master + -less. Compare Dutch meesterloos (“masterless”), German meisterlos (“masterless”), Icelandic meistaralaus (“masterless”).
Senses: glosses: Lacking or deprived of a master.
Derived terms: masterlessness
measurability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: measurabilities
Etymology: From measurable + -ity.
Senses: glosses: Susceptibility to measurement.
Derived terms: comeasurability
immeasurability
nonmeasurability
unmeasurability
picaras
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of picara
picara
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: picaras
Etymology: From Spanish pícara.
Senses: glosses: A female picaro.
ultrasharp
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + sharp.
Senses: glosses: Extremely or excessively sharp; rapier.
ultraslick
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + slick.
Senses: glosses: extremely slick.
true lover's knot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: true lover's knots
form: true lovers' knot
Senses: glosses: Any of various knots (for string or the like) having some symmetry.
glosses: Lines interwoven with many involutions, fancifully held as an emblem of interwoven affection.
glosses: A particular species of moth (Lycophotia porphyrea).
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A particular knot of eight crossings.
glosses: A small plant in the family Melanthiaceae (Paris quadrifolia).
Synonyms: sense: Paris quadrifolia
word: herb Paris
potty humor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Scatological humor.
suspension of disbelief
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: suspensions of disbelief
Etymology: Coined by English poet, literary critic and philosopher Samuel Taylor Coleridge in 1817.
Senses: examples: text: In science fiction films, suspension of disbelief is essential.
text: On the other hand, Chikamatsu could induce a suspension of disbelief with the same means, thus producing an effect of reality within basic unreality. (The suspension of disbelief is, of course, nothing new to Western audiences.)
ref: 1955, Donald Keene, “The Japanese Theatre”, in Japanese Literature, page 63:
text: All films require "suspension of disbelief" to work effectively. And every film creates its own unspoken rules to accomplish this.
ref: 2010 June 17, John Landis, “John Landis on why Ray Harryhausen's effects are still so special”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: Characters are either rich, comfortable, or struggling, but we rarely know how rich, how comfortable, or how much they struggle in concrete-enough terms to relate to. Money is involved in every important decision in one’s life; TV characters simply frown at a bank statement or gasp at a hidden figure on a piece of paper. The topic of money requires the most awkward suspension of disbelief in fiction.
ref: 2022 January 7, Jordan Calhoun, “The One Thing TV Characters Don’t Talk About”, in Humans Being, The Atlantic:
glosses: The acceptance of people, for the sake of appreciation of art (including literature and the like), of what they know to be a nonfactual premise of the work of art.
Synonyms: willing suspension of disbelief
Related terms: suspend one's disbelief
Fat Tuesday
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: Christianity
glosses: The Tuesday before the onset of Lent.
Synonyms: Mardi Gras
Shrove Tuesday
algebraic topology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The basic goal of algebraic topology is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, although most usually classify up to homotopy (homeomorphism being a special case of homotopy).
text: Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible.
text: 1969, Emil Artin, Hel Braun, Introduction to Algebraic Topology, C. E. Merrill Publishing Company,
Professor Emil Artin lectured on algebraic topology during the winter semester of 1959–60.
text: The material in Chapters 7 (Obstruction Theory and Eilenberg-MacLane Spaces) and 8 (Bordism, Spectra, and Generalized Homology) introduces the student to the modern perspective in algebraic topology.
ref: 2001, James F. Davis, Paul Kirk, Lecture Notes in Algebraic Topology, American Mathematical Society, page xii:
ref: 2002, Allen Hatcher, Algebraic Topology, Cambridge University Press:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces.
Synonyms: sense: branch of mathematics
word: combinatorial topology
Related terms: algebraic geometry
differential topology
mental institution
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mental institutions
Senses: examples: text: It fails to protect our magnificent, law-abiding American citizens, but provides sanctuary and protection for dangerous criminals, many from prisons and mental institutions that have illegally entered our country from all over the world.
ref: 2025 January 20, Donald Trump, Inaugural Address (2025):
glosses: A psychiatric hospital, or the psychiatric ward of a hospital.
souchong
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsu.ʃɒŋ/
/ˈsu.t͡ʃɒŋ/
/suˈʃɒŋ/
/suˈt͡ʃɒŋ/
Forms: form: souchongs
Etymology: Borrowed from Cantonese 小種 /小种 (siu² zung², “subvariety”). See also Hokkien 小種茶 /小种茶 (sió-chióng-tê).
Senses: glosses: Any of several varieties of aromatic black tea from China.
Related terms: lapsang souchong
pouchong
finite difference
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: finite differences
Senses: hyponyms: backward difference
central difference
forward difference
glosses: A difference between the value of a function evaluated at a number, and the value of the same function evaluated at a different number, a fixed distance from the first.
hide and go seek
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: hide and seek
Pale of Settlement
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A particular region of Russia from 1791 to 1917, designated for Jews.
E chart
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: E charts
Senses: synonyms: tumbling E chart
glosses: A placard with the capital letter E printed on it in various orientations and sizes, designed to test distance vision.
Hypernyms: eye chart
Messers
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: plural of Messer
third estate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: the third estate
form: Third Estate
Etymology: French
Senses: qualifier: originally
glosses: The caste of commoners in France prior to 1789, as distinct from the nobility and clergy.
glosses: The commoners, collectively, in any society.
topics: government
politics
glosses: The House of Commons.
leaping house
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: leaping houses
form: leaping-house
Senses: examples: text: Unless hours were cups of sack and minutes capons and clocks the tongues of bawds and dials the signs of leaping-houses and the blessed sun himself a fair hot wench in flame-coloured taffeta, I see no reason why thou shouldst be so superfluous to demand the time of the day.
ref: c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
text: In the late sixteenth century, the word nunnery also came to mean brothel. . . . Around the same time, the synonymous leaping-house also emerged, which anticipated the eighteenth-century terms vaulting-school and pushing-school, all implying vigorous acts of sex.
ref: 2003, M. S. Morton, M. Morton, The Lover's Tongue: A Merry Romp Through the Language of Love and Sex, Insomniac Press,, →ISBN, page 221:
glosses: A brothel.
leaping-house
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: leaping-houses
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of leaping house.
prancy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: prancier
form: pranciest
Etymology: From prance + -y.
Senses: glosses: Of an animal, especially a horse, tending to prance.
ultradense
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + dense.
Senses: glosses: Extremely dense; of utmost density.
ultraviolent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: ultra-violent
Etymology: From ultra- + violent.
Senses: examples: text: "The Crow," because of Lee and the crack filmmaking team behind him, succeeds in its bid to translate comic book style to bigscreen ambiance as a sort of ultraviolent "Batman." It's a heavyweight finale to a career of an actor whose potential was just beginning to surface.
ref: 1994, UCLA Daily Bruin, Los Angeles, page 20:
text: In contrast to the situation in both civil and malignant communities, in turbulent minor communities no individual type has gained the upper hand, so that there is no predominant individual type but instead an admixture of types. Thus ultraviolent people with their unmitigated violent phantom communities, violent people with their mitigated violent phantom communities, and marginally violent people with their nonviolent phantom communities all come to live, work, and play in close physical proximity with one another.
ref: 1997, Lonnie H. Athens, Violent Criminal Acts and Actors Revisited, University of Illinois Press, →ISBN, page 150:
text: But today, as I absorb the blunt aesthetic blows of one ultraviolent film after another, all I can make of it is that Hollywood, for reasons of its own, is hopelessly enamored of homicide. The plot is barely there anymore.
ref: 2013, Harper, Harper's Magazine, Harper & Brothers, page 6:
text: Of course, the game that was ruining workplace productivity and infrastructure wasn’t innocent Tetris or the nationalistic Wolfenstein 3D—it was a game in which an ultraviolent marine gleefully murdered demons on a satanic Mars.
ref: 2021 October 29, Trevor Strunk, “How To Get Away With Making An Ultraviolent Video Game”, in Defector:
glosses: Extremely violent; of utmost violence.
ultradry
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: ultradrier
form: ultradryer
form: ultradriest
form: ultradryest
Etymology: From ultra- + dry.
Senses: glosses: extremely dry.
pay-to-play
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pay to play
Senses: examples: text: As the lawsuit claims, we’re being programmed to constantly seek a dopamine hit from each swipe in what it calls a “pay-to-play” loop.
ref: 2024 March 14, Georgina Lawton, “I’m not surprised people are suing a dating app company – our addiction to swiping makes us miserable”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: video-games
glosses: Requiring payment from the player.
raw_tags: of an online game
examples: text: Davis's pay-to-play reputation, demanding donations before he would consider policies or appointments favorable to the potential donors, was used against him.
ref: 2004, Larry N. Gerston, Terry Christensen, Recall!: California's Political Earthquake:
topics: government
politics
glosses: Accepting donations in exchange for favors; corrupt.
raw_tags: of a politician or a party
Synonyms: buy-to-play
pay-for-play
quid pro quo
lead-footed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌlɛdˈfʊtɪd/
Forms: form: more lead-footed
form: most lead-footed
Etymology: Lead is a heavy metal; therefore feet made of lead would move sluggishly, or weigh heavily on the accelerator pedal of a vehicle.
Senses: glosses: Slow, boring, dull, or stupid.
glosses: Tending to drive too fast.
ultrasoft
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + soft.
Senses: glosses: Extremely soft; of utmost softness.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
motor-racing
racing
sports
glosses: Softer than supersoft, and harder than hypersoft.
ultrasoft
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ultrasofts
Etymology: From ultra- + soft.
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
motor-racing
racing
sports
glosses: An ultrasoft tyre.
Related terms: hypersoft
supersoft
soft
xanthane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: xanthanes
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of xanthan.
ultratough
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more ultratough
form: most ultratough
Etymology: From ultra- + tough.
Senses: examples: text: The ultratough baseball captain stepped up, “Any other last wishes?’ he inquired.
ref: 1938, Army Navy Journal 1938-02-05: Volume 75, Issue 23, Gannett Company, Incorporated, page 476:
text: The U.S.S Sam Houston had to be as reliable and as strong as human ingenuity could make it; and it is largely made from steels that didn't even exist 10 years ago. To resist the enormous pressure of very deep dives, the hull -- two-thirds of the ship's total weight -- is made from HY-80, an ultratough armorplate steel developed jointly by the Navy's Bereau of Ships and United States Steel metallurgists.
ref: 1962, United States Congress, Congressional Record, Congress, page 18911:
text: At the front, the nose cone was on ultratough maraging steel and needle-pointed. This too would eventually become dispensable.
ref: 1994, Frederick Forsyth, The Fist of God, Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 310:
glosses: Extremely tough; of utmost toughness.
xeroma
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: xeromas
Etymology: From xer- + -oma.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Dryness of the eye.
supereminence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: supereminences
form: supereminency
Etymology: From Latin supereminentia.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being supereminent.
xerophagy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /zɪəˈɹɒfədʒi/
Forms: form: xerophagies
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ξηροφαγία (xērophagía). Compare xero- + -phagy.
Senses: glosses: A restrictive diet (of bread and water, for example) as a punishment or religious form of discipline.
Related terms: xerophagia
xerophagic
ultradistant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From ultra- + distant.
Senses: glosses: Extremely distant.