cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
paraffle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /pəˈɹæ.fəl/
Forms: form: paraffles
Senses: glosses: An ostentatious display.
bippy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈbɪ.pi/
Forms: form: bippies
Etymology: Pacifier sense from a brand name.
Senses: examples: text: Does this new law give us the right to trespass anywhere we like? You bet your sweet bippy it does.
glosses: An unspecified part of the anatomy, usually used in the phrase "you bet your (sweet) bippy".
examples: text: Maybe it has something to do with infant pacifiers. I've heard them called bippies. And if bippies are pacifiers, and pacifiers are nipple imitators, maybe bippies have something to do with breasts.
ref: 2011, Jo Wharton Heath, Sarah's Alice:
text: […]you can bet your baby's last bippy (pacifier) that it was considered by high up mucky-mucks to be an aggressive act of war […]
ref: 2013, Jim Pepper, Not Your Ordinary Vietnam War Stories:
glosses: A pacifier.
Kartikeya
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit कार्त्तिकेय (kārttikeya).
Senses: glosses: A son of Shiva and Hindu god of war.
Synonyms: word: Murugan
topics: Buddhism
religion
lifestyle
word: Skanda
chloride of lime
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: A rat scampered across the tin cans and burst sandbags, and trench atmosphere reasserted itself in a smell of chloride of lime.
ref: 1930, Siegfried Sassoon, The Complete Memoirs of George Sherston: Memoirs of an Infantry Officer, London: Faber and Faber, page 312 (Faber Paper 1972 edition):
glosses: bleaching powder
Meghanada
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Sanskrit मेघनाद (meghanāda).
Senses: glosses: The son of Ravana in the Hindu epic Ramayana.
Synonyms: Indrajit
archaeolipid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: archaeolipids
Etymology: From archaeo- + lipid.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any archaeal lipid
archaeolipids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Such extensive uptake is a key feature of UDA ascribed to the highly negatively charged archaeolipids of the TPL, which are recognized by a receptor specialized in uptake and not involved in downstream signaling.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Ultradeformable Archaeosomes for Needle Free Nanovaccination with Leishmania braziliensis Antigens”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of archaeolipid
archaeosome
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: archaeosomes
Etymology: From archaeo- + -some.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any liposome based upon an archaeolipid.
Related terms: archaeosomal
archaeosomes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Later, we found that 3 sc doses of Trypanosoma cruzi (a protozoan trypanosomatide parasite close to Leishmania) total antigens adjuvanted with the same archaeosomes, were sufficient to protect Balb c mice from a lethal challenge with trypomastigotes of the Tulahuen strain [16 ].
ref: 2016 March 3, “Ultradeformable Archaeosomes for Needle Free Nanovaccination with Leishmania braziliensis Antigens”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of archaeosome
punnery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pun + -ery.
Senses: glosses: The act or art of creating puns.
Synonyms: paronomasia
punnage
punning
benzoxaborole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: benzoxaboroles
Senses: examples: text: In a recent study, benzoxaborole analog, a boron-containing compound, has been reported to affect (inhibit) the TLR-mediated response, supporting our speculation concerning the involvement of TLR pathway in manifestation of the effect of boron [35 ].
ref: 2016 March 3, “Boron Induces Lymphocyte Proliferation and Modulates the Priming Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on Macrophages”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any bicyclic organic heterocycle having a structure in which the nitrogen of a benzoxazole has been replaced by boron
benzoxaboroles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of benzoxaborole
oxaborole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oxaboroles
Etymology: From oxa- + borole.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A five-membered heterocycle having three carbon atoms, one oxygen atom, one boron atom and two double bonds; it, and its derivatives, are formally derived from an oxazole by replacing the nitrogen atom with one of boron
oxaboroles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of oxaborole
biosustainable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more biosustainable
form: most biosustainable
Etymology: From bio- + sustainable.
Senses: examples: text: Furthermore, yeast production strains with genes integrated at Ty sequences have been reported for the industrial production of resveratrol [10 ], confirming the possibility of implementing our EasyCloneMulti vector set in industrial applications for biosustainable metabolite production.
ref: 2016 March 3, “EasyCloneMulti: A Set of Vectors for Simultaneous and Multiple Genomic Integrations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: biochemically sustainable
cospecies
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From co- + species.
Senses: examples: text: These interactions are essential for the assembly of an exopolysaccharides-rich matrix and the development of cospecies biofilms.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Streptococcus mutans Can Modulate Biofilm Formation and Attenuate the Virulence of Candida albicans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Shared by two or more species.
fibroscopy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fibroscopies
Etymology: From fibro- + -scopy.
Senses: examples: text: OSA is associated with specific remodelling and airway neutrophilic inflammation A total of 31 patients underwent fibre-optic fibroscopy and bronchial biopsies.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Modulates Airway Inflammation and Remodelling in Severe Asthma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: fibre optic endoscopy
Derived terms: bronchofibroscopy
gastrofibroscopy
nasofibroscopy
Related terms: fibroscope
fibroscopic
hypoacusis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hypo- + -acusis.
Senses: examples: text: Filled black symbols denote individuals with hematuria and/or proteinuria, hypoacusis or renal failure.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Efficient Targeted Next Generation Sequencing-Based Workflow for Differential Diagnosis of Alport-Related Disorders”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Partial deafness.
Related terms: acoustic
microatheromatous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From micro- + atheromatous.
Senses: examples: text: This indicated that microatheromatous vascular disease, either in the parent vessel or in the proximal portion of the penetrating artery, played an important role in larger and symptomatic lacunar strokes[36, 37 ].
ref: 2016 March 3, “Comparison of Risk Factor between Lacunar Stroke and Large Artery Atherosclerosis Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study in China”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Characterised by the presence of microatheromas
microatheroma
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: microatheromas
form: microatheromata
Etymology: From micro- + atheroma.
Senses: glosses: A microscopic atheroma
monocultured
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mono- + culture + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: axenic, monocultural
text: The intercropping system altered bacterial community structures in the rhizosphere as opposed to that in monocultured crops.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Variation of Bacterial Community Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Sole-Cropped versus Intercropped Wheat Field after Harvest”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
coordinate_terms: monoaxenic
glosses: Grown as a monoculture.
Related terms: multicultural
mutanobactins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Interestingly, mutanobactin B caused a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and Il-12, suggesting that mutanobactins may play an important role in modulating immune response.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Streptococcus mutans Can Modulate Biofilm Formation and Attenuate the Virulence of Candida albicans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of mutanobactin
osteolineage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: osteolineages
Etymology: From osteo- + lineage.
Senses: examples: text: MDA-MB231 cells were cultured in the presence of CM from KM105-derived osteolineage cells for three days.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Pre-Osteoblasts Stimulate Migration of Breast Cancer Cells via the HGF/MET Pathway”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A lineage of bone cells
polyinosine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From poly- + inosine.
Senses: examples: text: MPMs were adhered to tissue culture plates that were coated with type I collagen and left untreated (control) or treated with active FAP in the presence or absence of polyinosine, which is used to antagonize SR-A binding [31 ].
ref: 2016 March 3, “Cleavage of Type I Collagen by Fibroblast Activation Protein-α Enhances Class A Scavenger Receptor Mediated Macrophage Adhesion”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A polymeric form of inosine
prelinearized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + linearized.
Senses: examples: text: However, the costs for the required prelinearized bacmids of the flashBAC system are relatively high leading to a major drawback when in high throughput expression screening.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Identification of Essential Genetic Baculoviral Elements for Recombinant Protein Expression by Transactivation in Sf21 Insect Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: linearized prior to some other procedure
prephase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prephases
Etymology: From pre- + phase.
Senses: examples: text: Eleven of 50 patients (22%) treated with CHOP began treatment with either prephase prednisone or dose-reduced mini-CHOP, including 6/31 (19%) HIV-positive and 5/19 (26%) HIV-negative patients.
ref: 2016 March 3, “CHOP Chemotherapy for Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma with and without HIV in the Antiretroviral Therapy Era in Malawi”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A prior phase; the condition before a particular phase
pseudoacinus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pseudoacini
Etymology: From pseudo- + acinus.
Senses: glosses: A disrupted or distorted form of an acinus
pseudopalisade
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pseudopalisades
Etymology: From pseudo- + palisade.
Senses: examples: text: They proposed two potential mechanisms of pseudopalisade formation: (a) tumour cells at greatest distance from arterial supplies become hypoxic due to increased metabolic demands, leaving a central necrotic core; (b) microvascular occlusion or collapse within the neoplasm could lead to perivascular hypoxia.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Mathematical Modelling of a Brain Tumour Initiation and Early Development: A Coupled Model of Glioblastoma Growth, Pre-Existing Vessel Co-Option, Angiogenesis and Blood Perfusion”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A hypercellular zone that typically surrounds necrotic tissue
reequilibration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reequilibrations
form: re-equilibration
Etymology: From re- + equilibration.
Senses: examples: text: This approach of the crisis, as an inevitable process of reequilibration, provoked much debate in the 1930s [9 ].
ref: 2016 March 3, “An Evaluation of the Non-Neutrality of Money”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: equilibration following a disruption of equilibrium
spermiogram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spermiograms
Senses: examples: text: Assuming that the anaesthesia has no influence on the spermiogram quality, we can compare spermiograms of mole-rats with those of other rodents studied.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Non-Breeding Eusocial Mole-Rats Produce Viable Sperm—Spermiogram and Functional Testicular Morphology of Fukomys anselli”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Synonym of semenogram.
synonyms: word: semenogram
transganglionic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + ganglionic.
Senses: examples: text: Targeting the ascending dorsal columns (DC) is useful because transganglionic labelling from the sciatic nerve allows sprouting or regeneration to be assessed in a specific labelled subpopulation of fibres, for which lesion completeness can be confirmed in the brainstem.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Evaluation of Five Tests for Sensitivity to Functional Deficits following Cervical or Thoracic Dorsal Column Transection in the Rat”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Between ganglia
transganglionically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From transganglionic + -ally.
Senses: examples: text: Animals were injected with 3μl cholera toxin subunit B (CTB; 10mg/ml) (103B, List Laboratories Inc., Campbell, CA) in the sciatic nerve to transganglionically label ascending dorsal column axons in the spinal cord.
ref: 2016 March 3, “Evaluation of Five Tests for Sensitivity to Functional Deficits following Cervical or Thoracic Dorsal Column Transection in the Rat”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Between ganglia
lose the dressing room
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: loses the dressing room
form: losing the dressing room
form: lost the dressing room
form: lost the dressing room
Senses: examples: text: But it is very clear that (using football parlance) 'the management has lost the dressing room', following earlier misjudged decisions about reducing operating costs.
ref: 2023 May 31, 'Industry Insider', “DfT calls time on TPE”, in RAIL, number 984, page 68:
topics: ball-games
games
hobbies
lifestyle
soccer
sports
glosses: Of a team manager: to lose the respect and trust of one's players.
chir
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chirs
Senses: glosses: a freshwater whitefish species that lives in the Arctic-draining basins of Eurasia and North America, also known as schokur or broad whitefish
lose time
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: loses time
form: losing time
form: lost time
form: lost time
Senses: antonyms: gain time
glosses: To run slow and not keep accurate time.
raw_tags: of a clock
examples: text: On the third day the train lost time more and more. She raged with painful impatience. No good, at every station the train sat longer.
ref: 1925, DH Lawrence, “The Willful Woman”, in St. Mawr and Other Stories, page 1:
text: There are the engines that develop ill-health and begin to lose time, or the wagons that develop hot boxes and have to be removed, initiating delays that steadily pile up—or at worst, the weather lays its hand on the whole District.
ref: 1962 August, G. Freeman Allen, “Traffic control on the Great Northern Line”, in Modern Railways, page 131/132:
antonyms: keep time
lose no time
glosses: To fall behind schedule.
raw_tags: of a person etc.
examples: text: Possibly I might be blamed a bit for my truantry, but the recapture of the Hispaniola was a clenching answer, and I hoped that even Captain Smollett would confess I had not lost my time.
ref: 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:
text: Well, tomorrow can wait, losing time in this place
Till the sun is awake, be like a magnet on me
ref: 2025 April 4, Ed Sheeran, Ilya Salmanzadeh, Johnny McDaid, Savan Kotecha, “Azizam”, in Play, performed by Ed Sheeran:
glosses: To waste time.
Amala
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Sanskrit अमला (amalā).
Senses: glosses: The Hindu goddess Lakshmi.
glosses: A female given name used in India.
handicappable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈhændɪkæpəbl̩/
Etymology: From handicap + -able.
Senses: glosses: Able to be handicapped (able to be subjected to handicap).
automobilization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From automobile + -ization.
Senses: glosses: The process of automobilizing.
septopus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: septopuses
Etymology: By analogy with octopus, substituting the prefix septo- for octo-.
Senses: glosses: An octopus or octopus-like creature with only seven legs.
Related terms: alt: Haliphron atlanticus, syn. Heptapus danai
word: seven-arm octopus
chitosanolytic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From chitosan + -o- + -lytic.
Senses: examples: text: Chitinolytic activity staining analysis confirmed that the protein with a molecular mass of 20.5 kDa was a chitosanolytic enzyme exhibiting both chitosanase activity (Fig 2B) and chitinase activity (Fig 2C).
ref: 2016 March 4, “Characterization of a Chitosanase from Jelly Fig ( Ficus awkeotsang Makino) Latex and Its Application in the Production of Water-Soluble Low Molecular Weight Chitosans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: That hydrolyzes chitosans
Related terms: chitosanase
deesterify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: deesterifies
form: deesterifying
form: deesterified
form: deesterified
Etymology: From de- + esterify.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: To remove ester linkages, typically by hydrolysis
deesterified
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: Pectin is secreted in highly methyl-esterified form and subsequently deesterified by pectin methylesterases (PMEs; EC 3.1.1.11).
ref: 2016 March 4, “Are PECTIN ESTERASE INHIBITOR Genes Involved in Mediating Resistance to Rhynchosporium commune in Barley?”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: simple past and past participle of deesterify
dioscoresides
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Comparing the NMR data with those of dioscoresides C and E [24 ,25 ], 9 was determined to contain the same aglycone as dioscoreside E, but difference chemical shifts of H 2 -26 (δ 3.53 and 4.06).
ref: 2016 March 4, “Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Aspidistra typica”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of dioscoreside
extrachloroplast
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From extra- + chloroplast.
Senses: examples: text: FAD2 and FAD3 are located inER and primarily affect desaturation of the extrachloroplast lipids, whereas the others (FAB2, FAD4, FAD5, FAD6, FAD7, and FAD8) are located in the plastids and affect plastid lipid desaturation [3 ].
ref: 2016 March 4, “Characterization of the Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Cucumber: Structure, Phylogeny, and Expression Patterns”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That exists outside of a chloroplast
heptadecylic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From heptadecyl + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: The FAMEs were then resuspended in 0.5 ml hexane for GC-MS analysis. 100 μg of heptadecylic acid (17:0, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was added to each sample prior to the FAME extraction as an internal standard.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Characterization of the Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Cucumber: Structure, Phylogeny, and Expression Patterns”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Relating to the heptadecyl radical
heptadecyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: heptadecyls
Etymology: From heptadecane + -yl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of very many isomeric univalent hydrocarbon radicals, C₁₇H₃₅, formally derived from heptadecane by the loss of a hydrogen atom.
Derived terms: heptadecylic
hordatine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hordatines
Etymology: From Latin hordeum (“barley”) + ?
Senses: examples: text: Bottom: Mass spectrum with indicated peaks of hydroxycinnamic acid amides as hordatine precursors (m/z 250–350) and of hordatine A, B, C, and D (D not detected, grey font), hydroxylated hordatines (-OH), and hexose-modified derivates (Hex / 2 Hex) at m/z 550–1000.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Spatio-Temporal Metabolite Profiling of the Barley Germination Process by MALDI MS Imaging”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a class of benzofuran glucopyranosides found in ungerminated barley
hordatines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Lipids in the endosperm co-localized in dependency on their fatty acid compositions with changes in the distributions of diacyl phosphatidylcholines during germination. 26 potentially antifungal hordatines were detected in the embryo with tissue-specific localizations of their glycosylated, hydroxylated, and O-methylated derivates.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Spatio-Temporal Metabolite Profiling of the Barley Germination Process by MALDI MS Imaging”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of hordatine
hypoglobus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Adverse clinical outcome of globe position like enophthalmos and hypoglobus is influenced by both orbital volume and the shape of the restored orbital contour, which are influenced by the position of the implant within the orbit.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Quantitative Assessment of Orbital Implant Position – A Proof of Concept”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: downward displacement of the eye in the orbit
intercranial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -eɪniəl
Etymology: From inter- + cranial.
Senses: examples: text: The intercranial volume in each MRI image was manually segmented [13 ].
ref: 2016 March 4, “Preconditioning 2D Integer Data for Fast Convex Hull Computations”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Within the cranium
interfluvium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: interfluvia
Senses: examples: text: We are therefore confident that the assumption of robust traits in dung beetles is valid, at least within geographically close primary forest sites (i.e. 90 km) located within the same interfluvium.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Assessing the Importance of Intraspecific Variability in Dung Beetle Functional Traits”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: An interfluvial region
maltosylated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From maltosyl + -ated.
Senses: examples: text: This is shown in Fig 3 for the hordatine B in its non-glycosylated, glycosylated, and maltosylated form.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Spatio-Temporal Metabolite Profiling of the Barley Germination Process by MALDI MS Imaging”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Modified by the addition of a maltosyl radical
maltosyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From maltose + -yl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A univalent radical derived from maltose
Derived terms: maltosylated
mesangioproliferative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more mesangioproliferative
form: most mesangioproliferative
Etymology: From mesangio- + proliferative.
Senses: examples: text: Induction of a mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis in these mice results in prolonged proliferation and apoptosis in the glomerulus [14 ].
ref: 2016 March 4, “Alpha8 Integrin ( Itga8 ) Signalling Attenuates Chronic Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Reducing Fibroblast Activation, Not by Interfering with Regulation of Cell Turnover”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Characterised by proliferation of mesangial cells
mevalolactone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -æktəʊn
Etymology: From mevalonic acid + lactone.
Senses: examples: text: Compounds that were negatively correlated with fatty acid odor were mevalolactone, quinic acid, 2-oxoglutaric acid, N,N-dimethylhistidine, and pyruvic acid (Table 3 ).
ref: 2016 March 4, “Different Polar Metabolites and Protein Profiles between High- and Low-Quality Japanese Ginjo Sake”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The lactone of mevalonic acid
microtrenched
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From micro- + trenched.
Senses: examples: text: The laser is also used to engrave a 63 μm-thick double-side adhesive tape (8018PT; 3M Corp, Maplewood, MN) to carve out the borders surrounding the microfluidic patterns on the PMMA. The microtrenched patterns and microstructures on the PMMA slide were drawn using CorelDraw (Corel, Ottawa, Canada) and then transferred to the laser scriber for direct machining on the substrate.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Sensitive and Specific Biomimetic Lipid Coated Microfluidics to Isolate Viable Circulating Tumor Cells and Microemboli for Cancer Detection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Having microscopic trenches
normoglutaminemic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From normo- + glutaminemic.
Senses: examples: text: In summary patients with chronic liver failure, whether acutely decompensated or not, were normoglutaminemic as a group when there was an indication for ICU admission.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Plasma Glutamine Concentrations in Liver Failure”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Having normal levels of glutamine in the blood
procercus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: procerci
Etymology: From pro- + cercus.
Senses: examples: text: MR-13 exhibits six setae on each procercus and bifid S III setae on the labrum (Fig 2 ), the former feature suggests that this specimen should belong to the dampfi group while the latter suggests its ascription to the zernyi-cinerella groups.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Integrated Taxonomy and DNA Barcoding of Alpine Midges (Diptera: Chironomidae)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A short structure from which cerci develop
pseudofunctionalization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pseudo- + functionalization.
Senses: examples: text: One such selection fate was the pseudofunctionalization of the duplicate [49 ].
ref: 2016 March 4, “Characterization of the Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Cucumber: Structure, Phylogeny, and Expression Patterns”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A deleterious mutation that does not actually add function
tetrathiolate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tetrathiolates
Etymology: From tetra- + thiolate.
Senses: examples: text: Increased uncoupling of eNOS due to different factors—elevated levels of ADMA [53, 54 ], reduced association with Hsp90 [55 ], decreased tetrahydrobiopterin levels [56 ], oxidation of tetrathiolate cluster by hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide or peroxynitrite [57 –59 ]—reduce consumption of arginine through the NO pathway leading to vasoconstriction in pulmonary artery [54, 60 ].
ref: 2016 March 4, “Metabolic Changes Precede the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in the Monocrotaline Exposed Rat Lung”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Any compound containing four thiolate groups
tetrathiolates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tetrathiolate
thioguanosine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From thio- + guanosine.
Senses: examples: text: Several drug classes which are listed top on the list include topoisomerase inhibitors (camptothecin, ellipticine, doxorubicin, etoposide, thioguanine, thioguanosine), multiple histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A, vorinostat, 5162773, 5186223), PARP inhibitors (1,5-isoquinolinediol, 3-aminobenzamide, phenanthridinone), proteasome inhibitors (MG132, 1,4 chrysenequinone) and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) inhibitors (alsterpaullone, 02974170002B, GW-8510).
ref: 2016 March 4, “PI-3K Inhibitors Preferentially Target CD15+ Cancer Stem Cell Population in SHH Driven Medulloblastoma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The compound 2-amino-6-mercapto-9-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)purine formally derived from guanosine by replacing the guanine by thioguanine
trichodysplasia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: trichodysplasias
Etymology: From tricho- + dysplasia.
Senses: examples: text: Clinical syndromes attributed to these viruses include post-transplant nephropathy, hemorrhagic cystitis, progressive multifocal encephalopathy, trichodysplasia spinosum, WHIM syndrome, pruritic skin rash, and gastro-esophageal disease.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Evaluation of the Gastrointestinal Tract as Potential Route of Primary Polyomavirus Infection in Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A disease, sometimes found in organ transplant recipients, characterised by reddened papules, especially on the face
tubuloepithelial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From tubulo- + epithelial.
Senses: examples: text: Unilateral ureteral obstruction increased proliferation and apoptosis rates of tubuloepithelial and interstitial cells, however, no differences were observed in the tubulointerstitium of mice lacking Itga8 and wild type controls regarding fibroblast or proliferating cell numbers as well as markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Alpha8 Integrin ( Itga8 ) Signalling Attenuates Chronic Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Reducing Fibroblast Activation, Not by Interfering with Regulation of Cell Turnover”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: tubular epithelial
typaspidoside
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: typaspidosides
Senses: examples: text: Comparison of the NMR data of 6 with those of 5, the structure of 6 was elucidated as 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25S)-furost-5-en-3β,22α,26-triol-7- one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside, named typaspidoside G. Compound 7 was isolated as a white amorphous powder.
ref: 2016 March 4, “Steroidal Saponins from the Rhizomes of Aspidistra typica”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a group of stanol saponins found in aspidistra plants
khur
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: khur
form: khurs
Senses: glosses: The Asiatic wild ass.
Pac-Man defense
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Pac-Man defenses
form: Pac-Man defence
Etymology: From the arcade game Pac-Man (1980), in which the character being chased can sometimes turn round and eat its pursuers.
Senses: topics: business
glosses: A response to an attempted hostile takeover of a company, in which the target company, or a 'white knight' acting on its behalf, tries to turn the situation round by acquiring all or much of the other company.
wikipedia: Pac-Man
Related terms: white knight
devil's threesome
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: devil's threesomes
Senses: examples: text: Before she could reply, he added hastily, “As long as it's not a devil's threesome.” […] “A devil's threesome?”, she asked pointedly. “Let me guess, is that two guys and one girl?” Mason shuddered again and made a face. He nodded.
ref: 2014, J.K. Norry, Demons & Angels: Walking Between Worlds, Book I, Sudden Insight Publishing, →ISBN, page 95:
synonyms: devil's triangle
devil's threeway
hypernyms: ménage à trois
glosses: Sexual intercourse between one woman and two men.
interwall
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + wall.
Senses: glosses: Between walls.
interbyte
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + byte.
Senses: glosses: Between bytes.
interbit
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + bit.
Senses: glosses: Between bits (binary digits).
unbitterly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more unbitterly
form: most unbitterly
Etymology: From unbitter + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: […] he took the much deeper seclusion of Mount as a sort of “retreat,” in which he could look out upon the before and after, and if he sometimes “pined for what was not,” yet could do it unenviously and unbitterly, wondering at rather than objecting to the strange misses and blunders of life.
ref: 1881, “In Trust”, in Littell's Living Age, volume 151, page 80:
glosses: Without bitterness.
unrancorously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more unrancorously
form: most unrancorously
Etymology: From unrancorous + -ly.
Senses: glosses: Without rancor.
unfoxy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unfoxy
form: most unfoxy
Etymology: From un- + foxy.
Senses: glosses: Not foxy.
unfoxlike
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unfoxlike
form: most unfoxlike
Etymology: From un- + foxlike.
Senses: glosses: Not foxlike.
firewise
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more firewise
form: most firewise
Etymology: From fire + wise.
Senses: glosses: Aware of the risks of fires and how to put them out.
aridify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: aridifies
form: aridifying
form: aridified
form: aridified
Etymology: From arid + -ify.
Senses: glosses: To make arid.
aridified
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of aridify
aridifies
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of aridify
aridifying
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of aridify
bossaball
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: An originally Spanish team sport, similar to volleyball, played on an inflatable court with a trampoline on each side of the net.
pan-yard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pan-yards
Senses: examples: text: Called up at three o'clock, and was a-horseback by four; and as I was eating my breakfast I saw a man riding by that rode a little way upon the road with me last night; and he being going with venison in his pan-yards to London, I called him in and did give him his breakfast with me, and so we went together all the way.
ref: 1661 August 7, Samuel Pepys, Diary and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, volume 2, Dodd, Mead & Company, published 1885, pages 90–91:
glosses: Alternative form of panyard (“pannier; bag or basket”).
pan-yards
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pan-yard
JRT
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: JRTs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Jack Russell terrier.
JRTs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of JRT
Weylian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Weylian
form: most Weylian
Etymology: From Weyl + -ian.
Senses: glosses: Of or relating to Hermann Weyl (1885–1955), German mathematician, theoretical physicist and philosopher.
womyn's land
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: womyn's lands
Senses: examples: text: Womyn's lands were typically larger and more open than earlier urban communes: some women lived on the land long-term, but many welcomed others to visit for shorter periods; some urban communities also had ongoing connections with rural communities.
ref: 2021, Stephen Vider, The Queerness of Home, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 86:
glosses: A feminist commune inhabited only by women.
womyn's lands
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of womyn's land
Lyellian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Lyellian
form: most Lyellian
Etymology: From Lyell + -ian.
Senses: glosses: Of or relating to Charles Lyell (1797–1875), British lawyer and geologist.
vixeny
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more vixeny
form: most vixeny
Etymology: From vixen + -y.
Senses: glosses: Like a vixen.
Gehenom
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Gehinnom.
Gehennom
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Gehinnom.
Gehinom
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Gehinnom.
intermittentness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From intermittent + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being intermittent.
Jollofs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Jollof
Jolofs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Jolof
keytap
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: keytaps
Etymology: From key + tap.
Senses: examples: text: Lee Cheng popped on the phone line. "Right. I'm tracing it." More keytaps, this time with a few beeps thrown in.
ref: 1989, Clifford Stoll, The Cuckoo's Egg: Tracking a Spy Through the Maze of Computer Espionage:
text: She was writing code in quick little flurries of keytaps.
ref: 2011, Vikram Chandra, Love and Longing in Bombay:
glosses: A keypress.
keytaps
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of keytap
4x4s
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of 4x4
jianzi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /d͡ʒiˈæn.(d)zə/
/d͡ʒiˈæn.(d)zi/
Etymology: Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 毽子 (jiànzi).
Senses: glosses: A traditional Chinese sport in which players try to keep a weighted shuttlecock in the air with their bodies, usually by kicking.
booblessness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From boobless + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being boobless.
breastlessness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From breastless + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being breastless.
unapparently
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more unapparently
form: most unapparently
Etymology: From un- + apparently or unapparent + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: This variant is present in the USA and is one of the most common variants to be detected in unapparently infected birds.
ref: 2004, Mid-Atlantic States Association of Avian Veterinarians, Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference of the Mid-Atlantic States Association of Avian Veterinarians, Volume 25, Part 2004
glosses: Not apparently; in an unapparent manner.
Senegambians
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Senegambian
Mundingo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Mundingos
form: Mundingoes
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of Mandingo.
Mundingos
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Mundingo
Mundingoes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Mundingo
animatable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈanɪmeɪtəb(ə)l/
Etymology: From animate + -able.
Senses: glosses: Capable of being animated.
Related terms: animable
city water
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From city + water.
Senses: glosses: The municipal water supply, delivered by water mains.
kick volleyball
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A Southeast Asian sport, similar to volleyball, but using a rattan ball that players may only strike with their feet, knee, chest, and head.
post-postmodernism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From post- + postmodernism.
Senses: examples: text: But it should be stressed that the post-postmodernism outlined here is not an achieved position that exists rigidly across Franzen's three novels. If postmodernism, as Patricia Waugh argues, represents a mood of intense “dissatisfaction or loss of […]
ref: 2011, Stephen J. Burn, Jonathan Franzen at the End of Postmodernism, A&C Black, →ISBN:
text: As we have seen, post-postmodernism was first associated with writers in the nineties, such as David Foster Wallace, who sought to differentiate themselves from postmodern writers of the preceding generation (Barth, Pynchon, and others), […]
ref: 2015, Brian McHale, The Cambridge Introduction to Postmodernism, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 177:
text: Postirony is only one term in use for the group of writers I investigate in this book, the others being post-postmodernism and new sincerity. However, not one of these labels seems applicable without causing problems.
ref: 2016, Lukas Hoffmann, Postirony: The Nonfictional Literature of David Foster Wallace and Dave Eggers, transcript Verlag, →ISBN, page 10:
coordinate_terms: metamodernism
postmodernism
glosses: A wide-ranging set of developments in critical theory, philosophy, architecture, art, literature, and culture which are emerging from and reacting to postmodernism.
Related terms: postpostmodern
sushi belt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sushi belts
Senses: glosses: A conveyor belt that carries food to diners in a sushi restaurant.
sushi belts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sushi belt
sign-value notation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A written representation for numbers consisting of a series of numeric signs whose values, added together, yield the number represented.
pedestrian hacker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pedestrian hackers
Senses: examples: text: According to Leahy, programs allowed out of the United States are "so weak that, according to a January 1996 study conducted by world-renowned cryptographers, a pedestrian hacker can crack the codes in a matter of hours.
ref: 1996, International Trade Reporter: Current reports:
text: Of course, different people (and different organizations) have different amounts of these resources. In 2006, Bart Preneel estimated that a task of size 274 would take a pedestrian hacker one year to complete.
ref: 2008, Neil Sholer, Abacus: A candidate for sha-3 (Submission to NIST):
text: The real problem is just how easy it is to do. It only takes about three lines of code to attack a vulnerable server, which means attacks based on the vulnerability are well within the reach of even pedestrian hackers and cybercriminals.
ref: 2014 September 26, Paul Cooper, “Shellshock Bash — What every business needs to know”, in BetaNews:
glosses: A typical hacker; a person who uses a computer to gain unauthorized access without using extraordinary equipment or brilliance.
examples: text: Well, then, how come you can play golf against Jack Nicklaus or Gary Player or Lee Trevino with some hope for beating them? The answer is, of course, you can't -- not unless you have a handicap. This is the great equalizer, the instrument that gives the most pedestrian hacker a shot at an even match.
ref: 1972, The Golf Journal - Volumes 25-26, page 17:
text: Since John happens to be about the best non-professional writer/editor on earth, I knew that I was taking an awful chance, but as it happened he had other commitments and had to pass up the opportunity of showing me up for the pedestrian hacker that I really am.
ref: 1983 November-December, Guy M. Townsend, “Mysteriously Speaking”, in The Mystery Fancier, volume 7, number 6, →ISBN:
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see pedestrian, hacker. Someone who is mediocre at their craft.
bhikkhuni
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bhikkhunis
Etymology: Transliteration of Pali bhikkhunī, from Sanskrit भिक्षुणी (bhikṣuṇī).
Senses: coordinate_terms: bhikkhu
glosses: A Buddhist nun.
wikipedia: bhikkhuni
bhikkhunis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of bhikkhuni
predecessorial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more predecessorial
form: most predecessorial
Etymology: From predecessor + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: Notwithstanding categorical imputations sacramentally integrated similitudes undedicated warrants antecedent Paulopetrine typology casually unworthy hypostaticism predecessorial superincission archidiaconal arch-amphibians osify elpidize redintegration status lymphaticus.
ref: 1909, Written and Published by Aleister Crowley, The Equinox - Volume 1 • Number 2; The Method of Science & The Aim of Religion, The Review of Scientific Illuminism, page 234
glosses: Of, pertaining to, or subsisting as, a predecessor; preceding; replaced; descendant.
Related terms: successorial
successorial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From successor + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: To yet another source of recognition of legitimate successorial authority, in which charisma may be transmitted by ritual means from one bearer to another.
ref: 2011, Frederick Bruce Bird, Frances Westley, Voices from the Voluntary Sector: Perspectives on Leadership Challenges, University of Toronto Press - Toronto Buffalo London, page 89
glosses: Of, pertaining to, or subsisting as, a successor; subsequent; supersessive
Related terms: predecessorial
sovereigness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sovereignesses
Etymology: From sovereign + -ess.
Senses: glosses: A female sovereign.
amyloidopathy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: amyloidopathies
Etymology: From amyloid + -o- + -pathy.
Senses: examples: text: However, it has been suggested that J20 transgenic model has its limitations in representing the full aspects of amyloidopathy in AD cases [16 ]; and it would be desirable to examine synaptosomal mitochondrial dysfunction in different animal models with a better representation of amyloidopathy in AD brains.
ref: 2016 March 5, “Synaptosomal Mitochondrial Dysfunction in 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: The presence of amyloid peptide plaques in the brain
anticytokine
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: anti-cytokine
Etymology: From anti- + cytokine.
Senses: examples: text: Briefly, the anticytokine antibody-conjugated beads were added to individual wells of a flat bottom plate (96-well), 50 μl of prediluted standards or samples was added after washing, and the plate was incubated at room temperature with shaking at 850 rpm for 1 h.
ref: 2016 March 4, Lei Xin, Xuejun Sun, Shujie Lou, “Effects of Methane-Rich Saline on the Capability of One-Time Exhaustive Exercise in Male SD Rats”, in PLoS ONE, volume 11, number 3, →DOI:
glosses: That opposes the action of cytokines.
anticytokine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: anticytokines
form: anti-cytokine
Etymology: From anti- + cytokine.
Senses: examples: text: We therefore hypothesized that, analogous to the mouse model, humans with Lyme arthritis express a predominant Th1 pattern in their affected joints. We also addressed the issue of whether the cytokine pattern found in the joints can be manipulated by cytokines or anticytokines.
ref: 1997 January, Zhinan Yin, Jürgen Braun, Lucia Neure, Peihua Wu, Ulrich Eggens, Andreas Krause, Thomas Kamradt, Joachim Sieper, “T cell cytokine pattern in the joints of patients with Lyme arthritis and its regulation by cytokines and anticytokines”, in Arthritis & Rheumatism, volume 40, number 1, →DOI, page 70:
glosses: An agent or molecule that opposes the action of cytokines.
aprinocarsen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In pre-clinical experiments aprinocarsen, an antisense oligonucleotide targeting PKC-alpha had demonstrated anti-tumor activity, in particular in animal models of glioblastoma.
ref: 2016 March 5, “The Curcumin Analog C-150, Influencing NF-κB, UPR and Akt/Notch Pathways Has Potent Anticancer Activity In Vitro and In Vivo”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A specific antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of protein kinase "C-alpha"
attonity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Exhaustion was defined as attonity, prostrating on the ground and no evade response when gasping [28 ,30 ] and the exhaustive exercise was uniformly carried out at 09:00.
ref: 2016 March 5, “Effects of Methane-Rich Saline on the Capability of One-Time Exhaustive Exercise in Male SD Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: immobility
bioballistics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From bio- + ballistics.
Senses: examples: text: These include mechanical and electrical transfection techniques, such as microinjection, bioballistics, hydrodynamic force, ultrasonic nebulization, and electroporation, and chemical/biochemical methods, such as calcium phosphate coprecipitation, and membrane permeation catalyzed by artificial lipids, peptides/proteins, dendrimers, and virus-based vectors [2 ].
ref: 2016 March 5, “Identification of a Short Cell-Penetrating Peptide from Bovine Lactoferricin for Intracellular Delivery of DNA in Human A549 Cells”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Synonym of biolistics.
synonyms: word: biolistics