cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
egg on
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: eggs on
form: egging on
form: egged on
form: egged on
Etymology: * From Middle English eggen (“to incite; urge on; instigate”), from Old Norse eggja (“to incite”), from egg (“edge”). More at edge.
* A variant of the archaic "edge on."
Senses: examples: text: The Neatreſſe longing for the reſt, did egge him on to tell / How faire ſhe vvas, and vvho ſhe vvas.
ref: 1586, William Warner, “The Fourth Booke. Chapter XX.”, in Albions England. Or Historicall Map of the Same Island: […], London: […] George Robinson [and R. Ward] for Thomas Cadman, […], →OCLC, page 86:
text: He resented the idea of interference from those who had […] egged him on to a new peril.
ref: 1891 February–December, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter XXV, in In the South Seas […], New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1896, →OCLC:
text: Then I heard that at morning one brother the other / With edges of irons egged on to murder,
ref: 1892, chapter 35, in Lesslie Hall, transl., Beowulf:
text: She had deliberately egged him on to wreck his prospects.
ref: 1921 October 8 – December 31, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter VIII, in Mostly Sally [The Adventures of Sally], 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 23 March 1923, →OCLC:
english: The Adventures of Sally
translation: The Adventures of Sally
synonyms: provoke
glosses: To encourage or coax (a person) to do something, especially something foolhardy or reckless.
Derived terms: egger-on
egger-oner
pugio
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pugios
Etymology: From Latin pūgiō.
Senses: examples: text: The Pugio or Dagger was used by the Romans, a species of that weapon called the Hand Seax was worn by the Saxons, with which they massacred the English on Salisbury Plain in 476.
ref: 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 34:
glosses: A dagger or poignard, especially the kind used by the Ancient Romans.
zona
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zonas
form: zonae
form: zonæ
Etymology: From Latin zōna.
Senses: topics: sciences
glosses: A zone or band; a layer.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: shingles.
Related terms: zona glomerulosa
zona incerta
zona pellucida
zona radiata
zona reticularis
zona
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zonas
Senses: glosses: Certain freshwater fishes of genus Bedotia (Atheriniformes), from Madagascar
synonyms: red-tailed silverside
glosses: Any of species Bedotia geayi
glosses: Any of species Bedotia madagascariensis
zotheca
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /zoʊˈθeɪ.kə/
ipa: /zəʊˈθeɪ.kə/
Forms: form: zothecae
Etymology: Ultimately from Ancient Greek ζωθήκη (zōthḗkē).
Senses: glosses: In ancient Rome, a small living room, as distinguished from a room for sleeping: an alcove.
Marcus
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɑːkəs/
ipa: /ˈmɑɹkəs/
Forms: form: Marcuses
form: Marci
Etymology: Borrowing of Latin Marcus. Doublet of Mark.
Senses: examples: text: Aristarchus my fellow prisoner saluteth you, and Marcus sisters sonne to Barnabas, (touching whome yee receiued commandements; if he come vnto you, receiue him:) […]
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Colossians 4:10:
text: The two Marci, Livius Denter, and Æmilius, ſucceeding to the conſulſhip, war broke out again with the Æquans; […]
ref: 1814, Titus Livius, translated by George Baker, The History of Rome, 2nd edition, volume II, London: […] T[homas] Cadell and W[illiam] Davies, […], page 323:
text: But, as the historian said, there were many Marci in one Cæsar, so there are many Cains and Judases in the best of us all.
ref: 1863, Samuel Trickett, edited by John Edward Blakeney, Sermons Doctrinal and Practical, London: […] G. Norman, […], page 224:
text: At epig. 73.5 the question ‘quis Marcus?’ is much more sensible, because there could have been many Marci to choose amongst.
ref: 2001, Nigel M. Kay, editor, Ausonius: Epigrams, Bloomsbury Academic, →ISBN, page 290:
text: But 'Marcus?' – a strangely Latinate name for someone born in Sighthill. ('Aspirational mother, boss,' he said. 'Better than Titus.Or Sextus.')
ref: 2008, Kate Atkinson, When Will There Be Good News, Doubleday, →ISBN, page 73:
text: Rubin wondered who Marcus was. It was a City name, but there were many Marcuses.
ref: 2016, Stella Gemmell, The Immortal Throne (The City; 2), Bantam Press, →ISBN:
glosses: A male given name from Latin.
Derived terms: Marcus Island
metropolis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /mɪˈtɹɒp.ə.lɪs/
ipa: /məˈtɹɑp.ə.lɪs/
note: Indic
ipa: /mɛʈro.polɪs/
Forms: form: metropolises
form: metropoleis
form: metropoles
form: metropolizes
form: metropoli
form: metropolisses
form: metropolis's
Etymology: Borrowed from Late Latin mētropolis, from Ancient Greek μητρόπολις (mētrópolis, “mother city”), from μήτηρ (mḗtēr, “mother”) + πόλις (pólis, “city (state)”). By surface analysis, metro- + -polis. Doublet of metropole.
Senses: examples: text: Colonies certainly did not become "clones" of their metropolises, but it is equally false that their colonial heritages were not influenced by the organization of the metropolises.
ref: 2010, James Mahoney, Colonialism and Postcolonial Development: Spanish America in Comparative Perspective:
topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
synonyms: mother city
metropole
qualifier: especially Ancient Greece
glosses: The mother (founding) polis (city state) of a colony.
examples: text: Holonym: metropolitan area
text: An immense metropolis, like London, is calculated to make men selfish and uninteresting.
ref: 1819, Washington Irving, The Sketch Book, Rural Life in England:
text: [I]t would not be very much less absurd for someone to write about New York City after having spent only a few years or a few decades in this metropolis of inexhaustible adventure, of terrifying emotional fecundity, of uncapturable character.
ref: 1946, George Johnston, Skyscrapers in the Mist, page 52:
text: Love is dead in metropolis / All contact through glove or partition
ref: 1983, “Sleeper in Metropolis”, in Changing Places, performed by Anne Clark:
text: They call me the Hiphopopotamus / Flows that glow like phosphorous / Popping off the top of this esophagus / Rocking this metropolis
ref: 2008, “Hiphopopotamus vs. Rhymenoceros”, performed by Flight of the Conchords:
synonyms: metropolitan city
coordinate_terms: capital city
glosses: A large, busy city, especially as the main city in an area or country or as distinguished from surrounding rural areas.
synonyms: archbishopric
qualifier: Orthodox Christianity
glosses: The see of a metropolitan bishop, ranking above its suffragan diocesan bishops.
topics: biology
ecology
natural-sciences
glosses: A generic focus in the distribution of plants or animals.
Derived terms: aerotropolis
metro
metropole
Metropolis
metropolitan
metropolize
minimetropolis
Related terms: megalopolis
regiopolis
exaggerate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛɡˈzæd͡ʒ.ə.ɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɛk(s)ˈzæ(ɡ)d͡ʒɜː(ɹ).ɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɪɡˈzæd͡ʒ.ə.ɹeɪt/
Forms: form: exaggerates
form: exaggerating
form: exaggerated
form: exaggerated
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin exaggerātus, perfect passive participle of exaggerō (“to heap up, increase, enlarge, magnify, amplify, exaggerate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ex- (“out, up”) + aggerō, aggerāre (“to heap up”), from agger (“a pile, heap, mound, dike, mole, pier, etc.”), from aggerō, aggerere (“to bear, carry to (some place), bring together”), from ad- (“to, toward”) + gerō (“to carry”).
Senses: examples: text: I've told you a billion times not to exaggerate!
text: He said he’d slept with hundreds of girls, but I know he’s exaggerating. The real number is about ten.
text: These testosterone thumpers have repackaged and exaggerated the study, with a credulity born of zealotry, into articles with shitposty titles like “Trust The Science: Study Links Left-Wing Politics to Lower Testosterone,” casting it as hard proof of their hormonal theories of healthy politics.
ref: 2023 April 5, Mark Hay, “Does Testosterone Affect Your Politics?”, in VICE:
synonyms: big up
overexaggerate
overstate
hyperbolize
stretch
overcharge
antonyms: belittle
downplay
understate
trivialize
glosses: To overstate, to describe more than the fact.
Derived terms: exaggeratedly
exaggeratingly
exaggerative
exaggeratively
exaggerativeness
exaggerator
exaggeratory
hyperexaggerate
underexaggerate
Related terms: exaggeration
exaggerate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛɡˈzæd͡ʒ.ə.ɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɛk(s)ˈzæ(ɡ)d͡ʒɜː(ɹ).ɹeɪt/
ipa: /ɪɡˈzæd͡ʒ.ə.ɹeɪt/
Forms: form: more exaggerate
form: most exaggerate
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin exaggerātus, perfect passive participle of exaggerō (“to heap up, increase, enlarge, magnify, amplify, exaggerate”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ex- (“out, up”) + aggerō, aggerāre (“to heap up”), from agger (“a pile, heap, mound, dike, mole, pier, etc.”), from aggerō, aggerere (“to bear, carry to (some place), bring together”), from ad- (“to, toward”) + gerō (“to carry”).
Senses: examples: text: And in general, if it is a natural feeling, let it be, but at normal, living levels, not too exaggerate.
ref: 1901, Valentin Matcas, The Human Addictions:
text: Water was invading, like some loving arms, some protecting wings, but its love and care were too exaggerate, they were deadly.
ref: 2005, Daniel Marin, Megator, page 4:
text: You will leave [the camp] and when confronted to the smallest inconvenience you will have again these reactions that, for me, are very exaggerate.
ref: 2012, Joy Damousi, Mariano Ben Plotkin, Psychoanalysis and Politics, page 202:
text: From this comparison, it seems that the data in Table 7.7 are reasonable, while Ashbel's values are exaggerate.
ref: 2012, Yair Goldreich, The Climate of Israel: Observation, Research and Application, page 132:
glosses: Exaggerative; overblown.
top
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒp/
ipa: [tʰɒp]
ipa: /tɑp/
ipa: [tʰɑp]
rhymes: -ɒp
Etymology: From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English topp (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), Cimbrian sòpf (“braid”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), German Topp (“top of a mast”), Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Luxembourgish Zapp (“plait, tress”), Vilamovian cöp (“braid, plait”), Yiddish צאָפּ (tsop, “braid”), Danish top (“top”), Icelandic toppur (“top”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Italian zuffa (“brawl”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.
Senses: glosses: Situated on the top of something.
examples: text: She's in the top dance school.
glosses: Best; of the highest quality, fame or rank.
examples: text: He's a top lawyer.
text: That is a top car.
text: In a thread called “Calm Before the Storm”, and in subsequent posts, Q established his legend as a government insider with top security clearance who knew the truth about a secret struggle for power involving Donald Trump, the “deep state”, Robert Mueller, the Clintons, pedophile rings, and other stuff.
ref: 2018 July 31, Julia Carrie Wong, “What is QAnon? Explaining the bizarre rightwing conspiracy theory”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Very good, of high quality, power, or rank.
examples: text: top surgery
coordinate_terms: bottom
glosses: Relating to the chest or breasts.
Derived terms: a few roos loose in the top paddock
a kangaroo loose in the top paddock
a roo loose in the top paddock
kangaroos in the top paddock
crazy top downy mildew
top 40
top-age
top-aged
top antiquark
top-armour
top banana
top billing
top bin
top bollocks
top brass
top cat
top-class
top copy
top dead center
top deck
top dog
top dollar
top drawer
top drive
top edge
top-end
top end of town
top feed
top fermentation
top-fermenting
top-flight
top flight
top forty
top fuel
top gear
top-grade
top gun
top hand
top hat
top-hatted
top ho
top job
top kek
top-level
top light
top line
top loin
topmost
top notch
top note
top-of-the-range
top order
top pair
top piece
top-post
top-priority
top priority
top-quality
top rake
top-ranking
top scorer
top secret
top seed
top sheet
top shelf
top-shelf
topsoil
top soil
top spot
top ten
top tier
top tube
top whack
top
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒp/
ipa: [tʰɒp]
ipa: /tɑp/
ipa: [tʰɑp]
rhymes: -ɒp
Etymology: From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English topp (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), Cimbrian sòpf (“braid”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), German Topp (“top of a mast”), Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Luxembourgish Zapp (“plait, tress”), Vilamovian cöp (“braid, plait”), Yiddish צאָפּ (tsop, “braid”), Danish top (“top”), Icelandic toppur (“top”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Italian zuffa (“brawl”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.
Senses: examples: text: Our product is top-rated on all major platforms.
text: This is the top-performing school in the area.
glosses: Best, highest.
Synonyms: first
top
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒp/
ipa: [tʰɒp]
ipa: /tɑp/
ipa: [tʰɑp]
rhymes: -ɒp
Etymology: From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English topp (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), Cimbrian sòpf (“braid”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), German Topp (“top of a mast”), Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Luxembourgish Zapp (“plait, tress”), Vilamovian cöp (“braid, plait”), Yiddish צאָפּ (tsop, “braid”), Danish top (“top”), Icelandic toppur (“top”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Italian zuffa (“brawl”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.
Senses: examples: text: My hairs, you perceive, are grown grey in following our sublime trade: full many a time have I cried top in the winter, the first of all the gentlemen on the board; and many a time has it fallen to my lot to apply the snuffers, and take off the filthy excrescence from the candle myself, but never before, in the experience of fifty long years, was it thought that English tailors were inferior to foreign ones.
ref: 1819, New Bon Ton Magazine; Or, Telescope of the Times, page 93:
text: "Well," replied Davie, […] "a wilful woman must have her way like any man — and I doubt your patience is sorely tried, Barbara — Top!"
This last expression, which may seem rather irrelevant, had direct reference to the wick of the candle, which required snuffing […]
ref: 1879, Jacob Thompson (jun.), Eldmuir (page 21)
glosses: The signal among tailors and seamstresses for snuffing the candle. The last of them to cry "top" had to snuff the candle.
Related terms: topple
obviate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒb.viˌeɪt/
ipa: /ˈab.viˌeɪt/
Forms: form: obviates
form: obviating
form: obviated
form: obviated
Etymology: First attested in 1567; borrowed from Latin obviātus, perfect passive participle of obviō (“to block, to hinder”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: […] and in the kindest manner she now urged Fanny’s taking one for the cross and to keep for her sake, saying everything she could think of to obviate the scruples which were making Fanny start back at first with a look of horror at the proposal.
ref: 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter XXVI, in Mansfield Park: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:
text: The door it was necessary to keep ajar in hers, as in most cottages, because of the smoke; but she obviated the effect of the ribbon of light through the chink by hanging a cloth over that also.
ref: 1886 May – 1887 April, Thomas Hardy, chapter III, in The Woodlanders […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
glosses: To anticipate and prevent or bypass (something which would otherwise have been necessary or required); to render (something) unnecessary.
examples: text: A mild dose of a warm active aperient to obviate costiveness, or to produce two motions daily, is generally very beneficial.
ref: 1826, Richard Reece, A Practical Dissertation on the Means of Obviating & Treating the Varieties of Costiveness, page 181:
text: If the predisposition to the disease has arisen from a plethoric state of the system, or from a turgescence in the vessels of the head, this is to be obviated by bleeding, both generally and topically, but more particularly the latter; an abstemious diet and proper exercise; and by a seton in the neck.
ref: 1842, Gibbons Merle, John Reitch, The Domestic Dictionary and Housekeeper’s Manual: Comprising Everything Related to Cookery, Diet, Economy and Medicine. By Gibbons Merle. The Medical Portion of the Work by John Reitch, M.D., London: William Strange, 21, Paternoster Row, →OCLC, page 360, column 2:
text: Some change requests, rather than extend the scope, obviate some of the existing scope of a project.
ref: 2004, David J. Anderson, Agile Management for Software Engineering, page 180:
text: Thus, to obviate resistance, the discussion should be relevant to the patient′s problems.
ref: 2008, William S. Kroger, Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis: In Medicine, Dentistry, and Psychology, page 163:
text: A government that thinks it can take on the world with Brexit can’t take back a bereaved teenaged mother with fundamentalist delusions. Moreover, the risk does not obviate two crucial facts in this case. First and foremost, she is a citizen […] Second, when Begum went to Syria she was a child.
ref: 2019 February 21, Gary Younge, “Shamima Begum has a right to British citizenship, whether you like it or not”, in The Guardian:
glosses: To avoid (a future problem or difficult situation).
Synonyms: avert
preclude
prevent
Related terms: obviable
obviation
obviator
obvious
obviate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒb.viˌeɪt/
ipa: /ˈab.viˌeɪt/
Forms: form: obviates
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin obviātus, see Etymology 1, -ate (noun-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Synonym of obviative.
synonyms: word: obviative
obviate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒb.viˌeɪt/
ipa: /ˈab.viˌeɪt/
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin obviātus, see Etymology 1, -ate (noun-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Colville has a rich deictic system with forms which distinguish, for example, between source and location, with each possibility characterized as proximate and obviate as well (Mattina, 1973).
ref: 1995, Michael Darnell, “Preverbal nominals in Colville-Okanagan”, in Pamela Downing, Michael P. Noonan, editors, Word Order in Discourse, page 91:
text: The renovated system involved an obviate-proximate pronominal alternation (yu- vs. mu- respectively in Tolowa; see Bommelyn 1997), with the pronouns coming most likely out of the deictic pronoun system.
ref: 1999, Edgar C. Polomé, Carol F. Justus, Winfred Philipp Lehmann, Language Change and Typological Variation: Language change and phonology, page 115:
text: This use of the obviate deictic category—that, there, those—contrasts sharply with the use of the proximate in the body of the narrative— this, here, these.
ref: 2009, Nikolas Coupland, Adam Jaworski, Sociolinguistics: The sociolinguistics of culture, page 410:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Synonym of obviative.
synonyms: word: obviative
spice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: spīs
ipa: /spaɪs/
rhymes: -aɪs
Forms: form: spices
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti
Proto-Italic *spekjō
Late Latin speciō
Proto-Italic *-jēs
Late Latin -iēs
Late Latin speciēs
Old French espicebor.
Anglo-Norman specebor.
Middle English spice
English spice
Inherited from Middle English spice, from Old French espice (modern épice), from Late Latin speciēs (“spice, good, ware”), from Latin speciēs (“kind, sort”). Doublet of species.
Senses: examples: text: Vanilla itself was transplanted from Madagascar, the main source of the spice, to Polynesia a century ago.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 242:
glosses: Aromatic or pungent plant matter (usually dried) used to season or flavor food.
examples: text: What spice level do you want for your pad thai? I recommend mild.
synonyms: spiciness
glosses: The quality of being spicy.
examples: text: variety is the spice of life
text: Honor, a^([sic]) 18-year-old high school student who thinks she has it more together than her fellow students and who looks to both Leslie and Bernie to provide friendship and spice in her life.
ref: 1979 April 28, Allen Young, “The Joy of Gay Lit”, in Gay Community News: The Gay Weekly, volume 6, number 39, Boston, Mass., →ISSN, page 13, column 3:
glosses: Appeal, interest; an attribute that makes something appealing, interesting, or engaging.
glosses: A psychoactive neocannabinoid.
examples: text: Let's go daan to t'spice shop an see what they've i stock
glosses: Sweets, candy.
glosses: Species; kind.
glosses: A characteristic touch or taste; smack; flavour.
glosses: An aromatic odor.
glosses: Erotic or pornographic material, usually written; smut.
Hypernyms: seasoning
Coordinate terms: herb
Derived terms: allspice
golden spice
hunger is the best spice
king of spices
mixed spice
Montreal steak spice
pudding spice
pumpkin pie spice
pumpkin-pie spice
pumpkin spice
pumpkin-spice latte
pumpkin spice latte
queen of spices
spice bag
spiceberry
spice brown
spicebush
spice drop
spice fiend
spice rack
spicery
spiciness
spicy
sugar and spice
sugar and spice and everything nice
table spice
Related terms: five-spice powder
herbs and spices
spicy tooth
variety is the spice of life
spice
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: spīs
ipa: /spaɪs/
rhymes: -aɪs
Forms: form: spices
form: spicing
form: spiced
form: spiced
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti
Proto-Italic *spekjō
Late Latin speciō
Proto-Italic *-jēs
Late Latin -iēs
Late Latin speciēs
Old French espicebor.
Anglo-Norman specebor.
Middle English spice
English spice
Inherited from Middle English spice, from Old French espice (modern épice), from Late Latin speciēs (“spice, good, ware”), from Latin speciēs (“kind, sort”). Doublet of species.
Senses: examples: text: Madame de Pompadour was fond of chocolates spiced with vanilla and amber.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 242:
glosses: To add spice or spices to; season.
examples: text: City Men is pretty much the same kind of sentimental comedy spiced with wisecracks as The Women, a disappointingly familiar genre.
ref: 1985 February 2, Nicholas Deutsch, “City Men (review)”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 28, page 19:
glosses: To spice up.
Related terms: spice up
spice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: spīs
ipa: /spaɪs/
rhymes: -aɪs
Etymology: Formed by analogy with lice and mice as the plurals of louse and mouse.
First attested use Christopher Morley in “Morley's Magnum” (1935).
Made popular by Robert A. Heinlein in Time Enough for Love (1973).
Senses: glosses: plural of spouse
libido
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /lɪˈbiː.dəʊ/
ipa: /ləˈbi.doʊ/
ipa: /lɪˈ-/
rhymes: -iːdəʊ
Forms: form: libidos
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin libīdō (“lust, desire”). Used originally in psychoanalytic contexts.
Senses: examples: text: Good grief man, control your libido!
synonyms: word: horniness
antonyms: frigidity
qualifier: common usage
glosses: Sexual urges or drives.
examples: text: For Freudians, libido means the desire to "unite and bind" with objects in the world.
text: The ego as an organ which seeks to synthesize thoughts in the psyche is said to be driven by libido or eros.
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
antonyms: destrudo
mortido
hypernyms: drive
glosses: Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
qualifier: archaic or misused; an occasional carry-over from astrology to astronomy; archaic or misused; an occasional carry-over from astrology to astronomy
glosses: Synonym of albedo in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.
synonyms: word: albedo in terms of a planet's
word: such as that of Mars
word: average surface spectral reflectivity
Derived terms: antilibido
libidinize
libidoless
non-libidoist
Related terms: libido dominandi
nymphomaniac
hypersexuality
masturbator
mano
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɑːnəʊ/
rhymes: -ɑːnəʊ
Forms: form: manos
form: manoes
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish mano (“hand”). Doublet of manus.
Senses: glosses: A stone resembling a rolling pin, used to grind maize or other grain on a metate.
Related terms: mano cornuta
mano destra
mano sinistra
placebo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pləˈsiː.bəʊ/
ipa: /pləˈsi.boʊ/
ipa: /pləˈsiː.bəʉ/
ipa: /pləˈsiː.bɐʉ/
rhymes: -iːbəʊ
Forms: form: placebos
form: placeboes
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English placebo, borrowed from Latin placēbō (“I will please”), the first-person singular future active indicative of placeō (“I please”).
Senses: examples: text: The acid test, I thought, was whether homeopathic remedies behave differently from placebos when submitted to clinical trials.
ref: 2010 February 22, Edzard Ernst, “No to homeopathy placebo”, in The Guardian:
text: The trials overall showed some but limited effectiveness, and in one of the largest and longest trials, the placebo performed better in treating spasticity, pain and bladder dysfunction, Dr. Bowling wrote.
ref: 2021 March 8, Jane E. Brody, “Medical Marijuana Is Not Regulated as Most Medicines Are”, in The New York Times:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A dummy medicine containing no active ingredients; an inert treatment.
examples: text: There the placebo, the office for the dead, was sung, and a vigil kept throughout the night.
ref: 2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin, published 2012, page 349:
topics: Catholicism
Christianity
Roman-Catholicism
glosses: The vespers sung in the office for the dead.
Derived terms: antiplacebo
nonplacebo
placebic
placebo button
placebo-controlled
placebo effect
placebogenic
placebolike
placebome
Related terms: drug
nocebo
Tzotzil
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Tzotzils
form: Tzotzil
form: Tsotsil
form: Tsotsile
form: Tzotzile
form: Zotzil
form: Zotzile
Senses: glosses: A member of an indigenous Maya people of Southern Mexico.
Tzotzil
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Tsotsil
form: Tsotsile
form: Tzotzile
form: Zotzil
form: Zotzile
Senses: glosses: A Mayan language of Chiapas, Mexico.
Related terms: tzo ⁠
Tzeltal
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A Mayan language of Chiapas, Mexico.
glosses: A Maya people of Mexico.
Related terms: Wiktionary’s coverage of Tzeltal terms
tzh ⁠
Zucker
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈzʌ.kə/
ipa: /ˈzʌ.kəɹ/
rhymes: -ʌkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: Zuckers
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH
Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH
Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā)
Gandhari 𐨭𐨐𐨪 (śakara)bor.
Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar)bor.
Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar)bor.
Italian zuccherobor.
Middle High German zucker
German Zuckerbor.
English Zucker
Borrowed from German Zucker.
Senses: glosses: A surname from German.
Related terms: Cukier
Cukierman
Cukiermann
Zuckerberg
Zuckerman
Zuckermann
Zuker
Zukerberg
Zukerman
Zukermann
Zucker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈzʌ.kə/
ipa: /ˈzʌ.kəɹ/
rhymes: -ʌkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: Zuckers
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH
Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH
Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā)
Gandhari 𐨭𐨐𐨪 (śakara)bor.
Middle Persian 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (šakar)bor.
Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar)bor.
Italian zuccherobor.
Middle High German zucker
German Zuckerbor.
English Zucker
Borrowed from German Zucker.
Senses: examples: text: Obese Zuckers, compared to leans, consumed more food under free-feeding conditions.
ref: 2012, Obesity: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional, page 56:
glosses: Ellipsis of Zucker rat.
parentheses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈɹɛnθəsiːz/
Senses: glosses: plural of parenthesis
Khmer
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈkmɛə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Etymology: From Khmer ខ្មែរ (khmae).
Attributed to the Pali term khemara (“one who is wholesome”). The elision form, ក្មេរ (kmera), is found in ancient stone inscriptions, or a borrowing from Northern Khmer เขมร (/⁠khmɛːr⁠/).
Senses: examples: text: Despite my mother speaking Khmer to us at home, I hadn’t retained it through my formative years.
ref: 2024, Kaliane Bradley, The Ministry of Time, Sceptre, page 6:
glosses: The national language of Cambodia, part of the Mon-Khmer language family.
glosses: An abugida used to write the Khmer language and sometimes Pali.
Derived terms: Old Khmer
Khmer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈkmɛə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Forms: form: Khmers
form: Khmer
Etymology: From Khmer ខ្មែរ (khmae).
Attributed to the Pali term khemara (“one who is wholesome”). The elision form, ក្មេរ (kmera), is found in ancient stone inscriptions, or a borrowing from Northern Khmer เขมร (/⁠khmɛːr⁠/).
Senses: glosses: A member of an ethnolinguistic group that constitutes most of the population of Cambodia.
Synonyms: Cambodian
Kampuchean
Related terms: Khmer Republic
Khmer Rouge
Northern Khmer
Khmer
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈmɛə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈkmɛə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
Forms: form: more Khmer
form: most Khmer
Etymology: From Khmer ខ្មែរ (khmae).
Attributed to the Pali term khemara (“one who is wholesome”). The elision form, ក្មេរ (kmera), is found in ancient stone inscriptions, or a borrowing from Northern Khmer เขมร (/⁠khmɛːr⁠/).
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to the Khmer people or their language.
Related terms: Wiktionary’s coverage of Khmer terms
Phnom Penh
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈnɔːm ˈpɛn/
ipa: /ˈnɒm ˈpɛn/
ipa: /(pə)ˈnɑm ˈpɛn/
Etymology: From Khmer ភ្នំពេញ (phnum pɨñ, literally “Penh’s hill”).
Senses: glosses: The capital city of Cambodia.
Kampuchea
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /kæmpəˈt͡ʃiːə/
rhymes: -iːə
Etymology: Transliteration of Khmer កម្ពុជា (kampuciə). Doublet of Cambodia and gamboge.
Senses: glosses: Former name of Cambodia: a country in Southeast Asia, used from 1975 to 1989.
Synonyms: Cambodia
Related terms: Democratic Kampuchea
Kampuchea Krom
hierophant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪəɹəˌfænt/
/ˈhaɪɹəˌfænt/
Forms: form: hierophants
form: hierophantes
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἱεροφάντης (hierophántēs, from ἱερός (hierós, “holy”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “I show, make known”)).
Senses: examples: text: The exhibition of ancient statues, relics, and symbols, concealed from daily adoration (as in the Catholic festivals of this day), probably, made a main duty of the Hierophant.
ref: 1837, Edward Lytton Bulwer [i.e., Edward Bulwer-Lytton], Athens: Its Rise and Fall: […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book I, page 59:
text: If books are as provocative as you suggest, one would expect every librarian to utter the shrill screams of a hierophant, to clash ecstatic castanets in his silent alcoves!
ref: 1919, Christopher Morley, The Haunted Bookshop, New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers, →OCLC:
text: Most scholars name the rectangular enclosure anaktoron, locate in it the throne of the hierophant, and suppose that from it emanated the central revelation which occurred, in Plutarch's phrase, ‘when the anaktora were opened’.
ref: 2005, Robert Parker, Polytheism and Society at Athens, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 351:
qualifier: Ancient Greece
glosses: An ancient Greek priest who interpreted sacred mysteries, especially the priest of the Eleusinian Mysteries.
examples: text: Thus I became the hierophant of those three worthy and talented men, who, in spite of their literary accomplishments, were not wise, since they were infatuated with occult and fabulous sciences, and believed in the existence of phenomena impossible in the moral as well as in the physical order of things.
ref: 1894, Arthur Machen, Memoirs of Jacques Casanova de Seingalt:
text: What did even the hierophants of science know of the potencies of, for them, unvintageable evil?
ref: 1947, Malcolm Lowry, Under the Volcano, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, page 145:
text: Ambassadors of northern countries stand / Impassive while our hierophants intone / Long canticles of Christ the Contraband: / Our grandees' hearts are shrunk to kidney stones.
ref: 1975, Peter Porter, “Baroque Quatrains Dedicated to James Fenton”, in Living in a Calm Country:
text: No, I must play creator / And make them up, these hierophants.
ref: 1987, Peter Porter, “A Tribute to my enemies”, in The Automatic Oracle:
glosses: An interpreter of sacred mysteries or arcane knowledge.
glosses: One who explains or makes a commentary.
Derived terms: hierophantic
hierophantically
Related terms: hierophany
hieromnemon
tsarina
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /tsaˈɹiːnə/
/zaˈɹiːnə/
Forms: form: tsarinas
form: tsar
form: czarina
form: tzarina
Etymology: Via Italian czarina or Spanish czarina, from German Czarin, Zarin, feminine form of Czar, Zar. By surface analysis, tsar + -ina.
Senses: examples: text: The biggest Russian czarina was Catherine the Great, a German, who incidentally made Crimea part of Russia.
ref: 2022 January 25, Katrin Bennhold, quoting Matthias Platzeck, “Where Is Germany in the Ukraine Standoff? Its Allies Wonder.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: An empress of several Eastern European countries, especially Russia, or the wife of a tsar.
Synonyms: tsaritsa
czaritza
Related terms: tsar
tsarevna
tsarevich
tartan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɑːt(ə)n/
ipa: /ˈtɑɹtn̩/
ipa: [-ɾn̩]
ipa: /ˈtɑɹt(ə)n/
ipa: /ˈtæɹ-/
homophone: Tartan
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)tən
Forms: form: tartans
form: tartana
form: tartane
Etymology: Borrowed from French tartane, from Italian tartana; further origin uncertain, said to be from Arabic طَرِيدَة (ṭarīda, “type of fast ship”) but according to the Oxford English Dictionary there is insufficient evidence for this.
Senses: examples: text: [W]e met Captain VVright, vvho came thither the day before; and had taken a Spaniſh Tartan, vvherein vvere 30 men, all vvell armed: […] VVe that came over Land out of the South Seas being vveary of living among the French, deſired Captain VVright to fit up his Prize the Tartan, and make a Man of VVar of her for us, […]
ref: 1697, William Dampier, chapter III, in A New Voyage Round the World. […], London: […] James Knapton, […], →OCLC, page 30:
text: Nearly the whole of his time, however, he informed Captain Servadac, had been spent upon the sea, his real business being that of a merchant trading at all the ports of the Mediterranean. A tartan, a small vessel of two hundred tons burden, conveyed his entire stock of merchandise, and, to say the truth, was a sort of floating emporium, conveying nearly every possible article of commerce, from a lucifer match to the radiant fabrics of Frankfort and Epinal.
ref: 1878, Jules Verne, “An Unexpected Population”, in Ellen E[lizabeth] Frewer, transl., Hector Servadac. […] [Off on a Comet], 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Scribner, Armstrong & Co., →OCLC, part I, pages 138–139:
english: Off on a Comet
translation: Off on a Comet
text: When we were watching Massena, off Genoa, we got a matter of seventy schooners, brigs, and tartans, with wine, food, and powder.
ref: 1896, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “The Peace of Amiens”, in Rodney Stone, London: Smith, Elder & Co., […], →OCLC, page 58:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A type of one-masted vessel with a lateen sail and a foresail, used in the Mediterranean.
darf
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɑː(ɹ)f/
Forms: form: darf
form: durving
form: darving
form: durft
form: darved
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of tharf.
dein
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdiːɪn/
Forms: form: deein
Senses: glosses: present participle of de
dem
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɛm/
rhymes: -ɛm
Senses: examples: text: Go tell dem natty dreadlocks no wear handcuff,” advises Damian Marley, his guest star and younger brother, who accuses the officers of jealousy.
ref: 2007 February 25, Sia Michel, “Stephen Marley in Tallahassee, M.I.A. in India and Klaxons on Fire”, in New York Times:
glosses: Nonstandard form of them.
dem
Language: English
Part of speech: det
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɛm/
rhymes: -ɛm
Senses: examples: text: What are dem fings doing ’ere?
glosses: Nonstandard form of them, in the sense of "those".
examples: text: Love tenderness is what the woman dem want
ref: 1956, “Give Her Love”, performed by Chin’s Calypso Sextet:
text: Chillin' wiv da man dem
Jammin' wiv da man dem
It's all good in the hood wiv da man dem
ref: 2009, Dizzee Rascal, Chillin' Wiv Da Man Dem:
text: I’ve got my peeps dem with me shouting pull up your socks,
Cos we just broke the law and now we're running from cops.
ref: 2010, Plan B, Stay Too Long:
glosses: (clitic, suffix) A group of.
Derived terms: gyal dem
wag
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /wæɡ/
rhymes: -æɡ
Forms: form: wags
Etymology: From Middle English waggen, probably from Old English wagian (“to wag, wave, shake”) with reinforcement from Old Norse vaga (“to wag, waddle”); both from Proto-Germanic *wagōną (“to wag”). Related to English way.
The verb may be regarded as an iterative or emphatic form of waw (verb), which is often nearly synonymous; it was used, e.g., of a loose tooth. Parallel formations from the same root are the Old Norse vagga feminine, cradle (Swedish vagga, Danish vugge), Swedish vagga (“to rock a cradle”), vugge (“to rock a cradle”), Dutch wagen (“to move”), early modern German waggen (dialectal German wacken) to waver, totter. Compare waggle, verb
Senses: examples: text: The wag of my dog's tail expresses happiness.
glosses: An oscillating movement.
examples: text: Was not my Lord
The veryer Wag o'th' two?
ref: c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
text: But being a bit of a wag, and relishing a good joke amazingly, he concluded to have a little fun, and at the same time learn his friend a lesson concerning his negligent custom.
ref: 1855 July 1, anonymous author, The Judge's Big Shirt, Yankee-notions, →ISSN:
text: “A nice, juicy steak,” he is said to have called for, “French fries, apple pie and a cup of coffee.” It is probable that he really said “a coff of cuppee,” however, as he was a wag of the first water and loved a joke as well as the next king.
ref: 1922, Robert C. Benchley, chapter XXII, in Love Conquers All, Henry Holt & Company, page 111:
text: By Wednesday it had already won art-world notoriety, and on Saturday it achieved a public visibility that any artist would envy, after a self-promoting wag tore the banana off the wall and gobbled it up.
ref: 2019 December 8, Jason Farago, “A (Grudging) Defense of the $120,000 Banana”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Many people can't work from home - as one wag observed: "Well, I would, but the wife doesn't like me laying tarmac in the front room!"
ref: 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 70:
glosses: A witty person.
Derived terms: hop the wag
play the wag
wag-halter
waggy
waggish
Related terms: word: skivitis
english: etymologically unrelated
translation: etymologically unrelated
word: wag one
suitcase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈs(j)uːtkeɪs/
ipa: /ˈsutkeɪs/
rhymes: -uːtkeɪs
Forms: form: suitcases
form: suit-case
Etymology: From suit + case.
Senses: examples: text: My suitcase is stowed in the luggage rack.
text: A stocky cabwoman removed a large wheeled suitcase.
ref: 2014, Edith Pearlman, Honeydew:
text: Many seats carry reservation labels, while the luggage racks are festooned with backpacks and suitcases.
ref: 2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 77:
glosses: A large (usually rectangular) piece of luggage used for carrying clothes, and sometimes suits, when travelling.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: In the Classic Mac OS operating system, a file containing fonts, icons, sounds, and other resources.
Coordinate terms: briefcase
Derived terms: fold like a cheap suitcase
suitcase farmer
suitcase nuke
suitcase
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈs(j)uːtkeɪs/
ipa: /ˈsutkeɪs/
rhymes: -uːtkeɪs
Forms: form: suitcases
form: suitcasing
form: suitcased
form: suitcased
form: suit-case
Etymology: From suit + case.
Senses: glosses: To trade using samples in a suitcase.
synonyms: keister
glosses: To smuggle in one's rectum.
clothes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kləʊ(ð)z/
ipa: /kloʊ(ð)z/
homophone: cloze
homophone: close stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
rhymes: -əʊðz
rhymes: -əʊz
Forms: form: cloathes
form: clotheses
Etymology: From Middle English clothes, cloþes, plural of cloth, cloþ (“cloth, garment”), from Old English clāþas (“clothes”), plural of clāþ (“cloth”), equivalent to cloth + -es. Cognate with Scots clathes, claes (“clothes”), Danish klæder, Norwegian Bokmål klær, Norwegian Nynorsk klede, German Kleider.
Senses: examples: text: suit of clothes.
text: Even in an era when individuality in dress is a cult, his clothes were noticeable. He was wearing a hard hat of the low round kind favoured by hunting men, and with it a black duffle-coat lined with white.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 6, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
glosses: Items of clothing; apparel.
glosses: plural of cloth.
examples: text: She turned each way her frighted head, / Then sunk it deep beneath the clothes.
ref: 1717, Matthew Prior, The Dove:
glosses: The covering of a bed; bedclothes.
glosses: Laundry (hung on a clothesline).
Synonyms: sense: apparel
word: clothing
Derived terms: bedclothes
change of clothes
clothes bag
clothes-bag
clothes basket
clothesbasket
clothes brush
clothes-brush
clothesbrush
clothescare
clothes don't make the man
clothes drier
clothes dryer
clothes hanger
clothes horse
clotheshorse
clothes-horse
clothes iron
clothesless
clothesline
clothes line
clothes maiden
clothesmaker
clothes make the man
clothes maketh the man
clothesmaking
clothesman
clothes moth
clothes on one's back
clothespeg
clothes-peg
clothes peg
clothespin
clothes pole
clothespres
clothes-press
clothes press
clothespress
clothesprop
clothes-prop
clothes prop
clothes rack
clothes screen
clothes shop
clothes stand
clothestree
clothes tree
clothes valet
clotheswoman
clothesy
clothesyard
clothist
dead-clothes
dress clothes
emperor's new clothes
free clothes association
graveclothes
gym clothes
long clothes
nightclothes
old-clothesman
overclothes
plain clothes
rainclothes
roast-meat clothes
shortclothes
smallclothes
street clothes
Sunday-go-to-meeting clothes
swaddling clothes
swathing clothes
underclothes
under clothes
webbing clothes moth
Related terms: clothing
gear
habiliment
threads
clothes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kləʊ(ð)z/
ipa: /kloʊ(ð)z/
homophone: cloze
homophone: close stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
rhymes: -əʊðz
rhymes: -əʊz
ipa: /kləʊðz/
ipa: /kloʊðz/
rhymes: -əʊðz
ipa: /kləʊ(ð)z/
ipa: /kloʊ(ð)z/
homophone: cloze
homophone: close stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
rhymes: -əʊðz
rhymes: -əʊz
Etymology: From clothe + -s.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of clothe
bare
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: enpr: bâr
ipa: /bɛə/
ipa: /bɛː/
ipa: /bɛɚ/
ipa: /beː/
ipa: [beː~bɛː]
ipa: /ˈbiːə(r)/
ipa: /bɛː(r)/
note: without the cheer–chair merger
ipa: /beə/
note: New Zealand, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /biə/
ipa: /beɹ/
note: Lancashire, fair–fur merger
ipa: /bɜː(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɛə(ɹ)
homophone: bear
homophone: beer (cheer–chair merger)
homophone: burr (fair–fur merger)
Etymology: From Middle English bare, bar, from Old English bær (“bare, naked, open”), from Proto-West Germanic *baʀ, from Proto-Germanic *bazaz (“bare, naked”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰosós, from *bʰos- (“bare, barefoot”).
Cognate with Scots bare, bair (“bare”), Saterland Frisian bar (“bare”), West Frisian baar (“bare”), Dutch bar (“bare”), German bar (“bare”), Swedish bar (“bare”), Icelandic ber (“bare”), Lithuanian basas (“barefoot, bare”), Polish bosy (“barefoot”).
Senses: examples: text: The fiend had bare departed when Ailie came over the threshold to find the auld carline glunching over the fire.
ref: 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:
text: He finally came back to himself and asked why the furor. "Why," Lucy said, "because this is Christmas Eve. We have bare enough time to get ready for the ball, after dinner, as it is."
ref: 2009, Allan Cole with Chris Bunch, The Wars of the Shannons:
text: “I've bare enough for these two, much less fill your belly.”
ref: 2011, Elizabeth Vaughan, Warprize:
glosses: Barely.
examples: text: That pissed me off bare.
text: That's bare stupid.
glosses: Very; significantly.
examples: text: While none of the participants had complete confidence in condoms, they continued to use them as a better alternative than “going in bare".
ref: 2000, Northeast African Studies - Volume 7, page 119:
text: It would be fine to have these women bare, without condoms.
ref: 2002, The Society of Malawi Journal - Volumes 55-58, page 70:
text: I like to go bare. I don't like wearing condoms, actually I hate 'em.
ref: 2010, M. L. Matthews, I Am Not the Father: Narratives of Men Falsely Accused of Paternity, →ISBN:
glosses: Without a condom.