cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
janizary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: janizaries
Senses: examples: text: Tom has his Eyes ſtill near a Cloſe, and was going on, when an unlucky horn'd Janizary, obſerving the Court ſomewhat uneaſy under their Indulgence, ran a Needle up to the Head in his moſt fleſhy Part, and made Tom wince, if not like a Mule, yet very much like his graver Sire that gave him his original Name.
ref: 1737, J. A. Purves, “Vision II”, in The Law and Lawyers Laid Open, in Twelve Visions. To which is Added, Plain Truth, in Three Dialogues, between Truma, Skinall, Dryboots, Three Attorneys, and Season a Bencher, London: Printed for T. Woodman; and J. Chrichley, →OCLC; republished Clark, N.J.: The Lawbook Exchange, 2006, →ISBN, page 38:
text: Here is a Proclamation for a Prince: that proclaims him in whoſe name it is emitted [James II of England], to be the greateſt Tyrant that ever lived in the world, and their Revolt who have diſowned him to be the juſteſt that ever was. For herein that Monſter of Prerogative is […] advanced […] to claim abſolute obedience, without reſerve of Conſcience, Religion, Honour, or Reaſon; not only that which ignorantly is called Paſſive, never to reſiſt him, not only on any Pretence, but for any Cauſe, even tho' he ſhould command his Popiſh Janizaries to murder and maſſacre all Proteſtants, which is the tender mercy and burning fervent charity of Papiſts; […]
ref: 1744, Alexander Shiels [i.e., Alexander Shields], “Period VI. Containing the Testimony through the Continued Tract of the Present Deformation, from the Year 1660 to this Day.”, in A Hind Let Loose: Or, An Historical Representation of the Testimonies of the Church of Scotland, for the Interest of Christ; with the True State thereof in All Its Periods: …, Edinburgh: Reprinted by R. Drummond and Company, and sold by William Gray bookbinder in the Grassmarket, and several others, &c., →OCLC, pages 167–168:
glosses: Alternative spelling of janissary.
voters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvoʊtɚz/
rhymes: -əʊtə(ɹ)z
Senses: glosses: plural of voter
heros
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hero (type of sandwich)
octan
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Occurring every eight days.
octan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: octans
Senses: glosses: A fever that recurs every eight days.
gods
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɑdz/
ipa: /ɡɒdz/
rhymes: -ɒdz
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: glosses: plural of god
gods
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɑdz/
ipa: /ɡɒdz/
rhymes: -ɒdz
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: examples: text: “My lord, it is past the third hour, and you were to meet Master Colombo on the training ground—” “Gods, yes! I almost forgot,” Jamie exclaimed, and jumped up from the bench he’d been sitting on.
ref: 1984 April, Gordon R[upert] Dickson, Roland Green, chapter 7, in Jamie the Red, New York, N.Y.: Ace Fantasy Books, →ISBN, page 93:
text: She had nothing better to do than bait him. But gods, she was so beautiful—and completely his.
ref: 2007 April, Steven Harper [pseudonym; Steven Harper Piziks], chapter 7, in Unity (Battlestar Galactica), New York, N.Y.: Tor, →ISBN, page 114:
text: Gods, Jonah. You scared me.
ref: 2009 December 4, Jay McKiernan, chapter 31, in The Twins: A Novel (The Tales of Agramon; 1), Bloomington, Ind.: iUniverse, →ISBN, page 450:
glosses: Ellipsis of oh gods.
gods
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɑdz/
ipa: /ɡɒdz/
rhymes: -ɒdz
Etymology: So called from the idea of gods (deities) reigning from on high.
Senses: glosses: The highest platform, or upper circle, in an auditorium.
gods
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɑdz/
ipa: /ɡɒdz/
rhymes: -ɒdz
Etymology: So called from the idea of gods (deities) reigning from on high.
Senses: glosses: The occupants of the gallery of a theatre.
topics: media
printing
publishing
glosses: The quadrats used by printers in throwing on the imposing stone, similar to the movement in casting dice.
gods
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɑdz/
ipa: /ɡɒdz/
rhymes: -ɒdz
Etymology: From god (verb).
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of god
tactics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtæktɪks/
Senses: glosses: plural of tactic
tactics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtæktɪks/
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: The military science that deals with achieving the objectives set by strategy.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: The employment and ordered arrangement of forces in relation to each other.
examples: text: scare tactics
glosses: A system of mode or procedure.
Derived terms: military tactics
salami tactics
shock tactics
tactical
tactics RPG
unlawful
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɔːfʊl
Forms: form: more unlawful
form: most unlawful
Etymology: From Middle English unlawful; equivalent to un- + lawful.
Senses: examples: text: He was charged with unlawful use of a car.
text: That year a U.S. appeals court found the program Snowden had exposed was unlawful and that the U.S. intelligence leaders who publicly defended it were not telling the truth.
ref: 2022 September 26, “Putin grants Russian citizenship to U.S. whistleblower Snowden”, in Mark Trevelyan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 26 Sep 2022, Europe:
topics: law
synonyms: wrongful
glosses: Prohibited; not permitted by law (either civil or criminal law; see illegal)
Derived terms: unlawful death
unlawful detainer
unlawful non-citizen
text message
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: text messages
Senses: examples: text: After the kitten had died, Robins sent a text message to Knutton saying: "Remember the saying: 'What goes around comes around?' It has started already to bite you in the arse. The cat? Karma."
ref: 2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in Guardian:
text: A farmer could place an order for a new tractor part by text message and pay for it by mobile money-transfer. A supplier many miles away would then take the part to the local matternet station for airborne dispatch via drone.
ref: 2012 December 1, “An internet of airborne things”, in The Economist, volume 405, number 8813, page 3 (Technology Quarterly):
text: Similarly, Fingilish usually refers to transliterated Farsi in chatrooms, text messages, and the like.
ref: 2018, James Lambert, “A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity”, in English World-Wide, page 10:
synonyms: text
glosses: A brief electronic message sent between mobile phones.
Derived terms: sex-text
sext
text messaging
texting
text message
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: text messages
form: text messaging
form: text messaged
form: text messaged
Senses: examples: text: I told him to text message you when he's finished.
text: Please text message the directions to me.
glosses: To transmit a text message.
Synonyms: word: text
word: message
english: outside the US/UK
translation: outside the US/UK
word: SMS
streaker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɹikɚ/
rhymes: -iːkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: streakers
Etymology: From streak + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who runs naked through a public place as a prank.
synonyms: striped dolphin
glosses: A dolphin of species Stenella coeruleoalba.
scam
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: skăm
ipa: /skæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scams
Etymology: US American carnival slang of uncertain origin. Possibly from scamp (“swindler, cheater”) or Irish cam (“crooked”). Also possibly from Danish skam; if so, it would be a doublet of shame and sham. First use appears c. 1963 in the periodical Time. The word became common use among the US drug culture when in early 1980, after Operation ABSCAM, an FBI sting operation directed at public officials, became public.
Senses: examples: text: That marketing scheme looks like a scam to me.
synonyms: word: Abraham work
word: deception
word: deceit
word: dupery
word: fiddle
word: hocus-pocus
word: jugglery
word: list
word: mislead
word: Punic faith
word: rinky-dink
word: ruse
word: subterfuge
word: swack
word: trickery
glosses: A fraudulent deal.
examples: text: That new diet burger is a scam.
glosses: Something that is promoted using scams.
Coordinate terms: take for a ride
Derived terms: 419 scam
advance fee scam
exit scam
love scam
Macau scam
Nigerian prince scam
Nigerian scam
Ponzi scam
ponzi scam
romance scam
safe account scam
scam artist
scam artistry
scamdemic
scammer
scammy
what's the scam
scam
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: skăm
ipa: /skæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scams
form: scamming
form: scammed
form: scammed
Etymology: US American carnival slang of uncertain origin. Possibly from scamp (“swindler, cheater”) or Irish cam (“crooked”). Also possibly from Danish skam; if so, it would be a doublet of shame and sham. First use appears c. 1963 in the periodical Time. The word became common use among the US drug culture when in early 1980, after Operation ABSCAM, an FBI sting operation directed at public officials, became public.
Senses: examples: text: They tried to scam her out of her savings.
synonyms: con
glosses: To defraud or embezzle.
examples: text: His friend nudged me. "It's true. JJ only scams black ladies." / "You don't say?" / "J-boy scammed a real live Miss Black Universe once. Met her in a disco down in Honduras. Wearing her title. Since then he's been obsessed."
ref: 2005, Robert Antoni, Carnival, New York, N.Y.: Black Cat, →ISBN, page 54:
glosses: To seek out a partner for casual sex; to hit on.
myxo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: mĭks'ō
ipa: /ˈmɪksəʊ/
rhymes: -ɪksəʊ
Etymology: Shortening.
Senses: glosses: Myxomatosis.
ceasefire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ceasefires
form: cease-fire
form: cease fire
Etymology: From cease + fire.
Senses: examples: text: The rebels agreed to a ceasefire while the peace talks were underway.
text: But residents say steady Russian military pressure – combined now with an American president’s apparent parroting of Kremlin talking points about the war, and his push for a ceasefire that could include Ukrainian territorial losses – means Russia is also winning in a different way, by escalating Ukrainian anxiety.
ref: 2025 February 21, Scott Peterson, “Once-occupied Ukraine towns try to stay defiant amid fear over Russia gains”, in The Christian Science Monitor:
text: Putin’s answered by simply stating he did not believe Ukraine had honored the previous ceasefires Moscow had unilaterally called, and that Kyiv has said Moscow never respected either.
ref: 2025 May 10, Nick Paton Walsh, “Ukraine ceasefire call is aimed at forcing Putin to reveal his war goals to Trump”, in CNN:
glosses: In warfare, an agreed end to hostilities for a specific purpose. (Typically only temporary).
Related terms: armistice
truce
AK-47
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌeɪ.keɪ.fɔː.tiˈsɛv.ən/
Forms: form: AK-47s
form: AK47
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian АК-47 (AK-47), shortened from автома́т Кала́шникова 1947 (avtomát Kalášnikova 1947) (Kalachnikov's automatic rifle), from the name of the designer Mikhail Kalashnikov.
Senses: examples: text: Here we go. AK-47. The very best there is. When you absolutely, positively got to kill every motherfucker in the room, accept no substitutes.
ref: 1997, Quentin Tarantino, Jackie Brown, spoken by Ordell Robbie (Samuel L. Jackson):
text: Iraqi security forces will start replacing their AK-47 rifles this year with the M-16s and M-4s used by U.S. troops, which will help track the weapons and cut down on theft, a senior U.S. military official said. […] The AK-47s handed in would then be registered in the database before being redistributed to new units formed as Iraq takes over security control from U.S.-led forces, he said.
ref: 2007 August 9, “M-16s a step forward for Iraqi forces, says US”, in Reuters:
glosses: The Soviet-built 1947 Kalashnikov assault rifle or any similar rifle built to this design.
glosses: A large South African sandwich; a kind of gatsby.
Synonyms: AK
Kalashnikov
Related terms: AK-74
assault rifle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈsɒlt ˈɹaɪfəl/
ipa: /əˈsɔːlt ˈɹaɪfəl/
ipa: /əˈsɔlt ˈɹaɪfəl/
ipa: /əˈsɑlt ˈɹaɪfəl/
Forms: form: assault rifles
Etymology: Calque of German Sturmgewehr (literally “storm rifle”). The Maschinenpistole 44 was called the Sturmgewehr by Adolf Hitler, whence it was renamed to represent the separate class of firearm it represented.
Senses: examples: text: A man dressed as a lab tech, his blue scrubs startlingly pale against the vivid red and black chaos, moved into sight from behind the SUV. He carried an assault rifle.
ref: 2014, Jeff Jacobson, Growth, page 23:
glosses: A military select-fire rifle or carbine that fires a shortened rifle caliber round or lower-power smaller-calibre round, from a high-capacity magazine.
glosses: Any firearm meeting the definition of an assault weapon, and in the form of a rifle.
Related terms: automatic rifle
battle rifle
machine carbine
machine gun
machine pistol
machine rifle
submachine gun
trench broom
hunkydory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of hunky dory.
Maundy Thursday
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Middle English Maunde Þursday (“Holy Thursday”), equivalent to maundy + Thursday. Middle English maundy derives from Old French mandé, from Latin mandātum, in reference to the phrase mandātum novum dō vōbīs (“a new commandment I give unto you”).
Senses: examples: text: Holonyms: Holy Week < Eastertime
text: The dialect name for Maundy Thursday, Grie(ner)-Durmerschdawg (Green Thursday, literally), is in very large part responsible for the basic lore that attaches to this day: One must eat something green on this day.[…]Failure to eat something green on Maundy Thursday had dire consequences, according to the folk mind: One would get the itch, one would become lousy, or as a York County informant put it, "Mer iss s gans yawr uff em aisel." (One will be a mule all year long.)
ref: 1960, Alfred Lewis Shoemaker, Eastertide in Pennsylvania: A Folk-Cultural Study, published 2000, page 13:
text: It is the tradition among Christians in Africa on Maundy Thursday that, before the sacrament of Holy Communion is served, worshipers move about the sanctuary and seek forgiveness from everyone they have hurt or offended or sinned against — known or unknown — in recent months.
ref: 2002, Steven Molin, Journey Of Stones: A Sermon Series For Lent And Easter, page 47:
text: Most Presbyterian churches have an evening service on Maundy Thursday that includes the celebration of the Lord's Supper.
ref: 2011, Donald K. McKim, More Presbyterian Questions, More Presbyterian Answers: Exploring Christian Faith, page 42:
synonyms: Holy Thursday
Covenant Thursday
Great and Holy Thursday
Green Thursday
Sheer Thursday
Thursday of Mysteries
White Thursday
Skire Thursday
related: word: Palm Sunday
word: ;
word: Holy Monday
word: ;
word: Holy Tuesday
word: ;
word: Holy Wednesday
word: Good Wednesday
word: Spy Wednesday
word: ;
word: Holy Friday
word: Good Friday
word: Black Friday
word: Golden Friday
word: Great Friday
word: Pasch of the Cross
word: ;
word: Holy Saturday
glosses: The Thursday before Easter, which commemorates the Last Supper.
Related terms: Maundy money
Easter Sunday
Easter Day
Easter
Easter Week
Maundy money
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: hypernyms: alms
;
money
glosses: A special coinage given to the deserving poor in a religious ceremony performed by Anglicans on Maundy Thursday.
Easter
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiːstə/
ipa: /ˈistəɹ/
rhymes: -iːstə(ɹ)
Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English Ester, from Old English ēastre, seemingly from Ēastre, a proposed Anglo-Saxon goddess of the dawn whose festival is thought to have been celebrated around the vernal equinox. Further from Proto-West Germanic *Austrā, from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ, derived from either Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”) or, more semantically plausible, from *austrą, *auzrą, a metathesized form of *wazrą (“spring (season)”), *-ǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”).
The English word is cognate with German Low German Oostern (“Easter”), Old High German ōstarūn (modern German Ostern) and is possibly a doublet of east. Despite a modern folk etymology, not related to Ishtar.
The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: glosses: A surname.
Easter
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiːstə/
ipa: /ˈistəɹ/
rhymes: -iːstə(ɹ)
Forms: form: Easters
form: Eastering
form: Eastered
form: Eastered
Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English Ester, from Old English ēastre, seemingly from Ēastre, a proposed Anglo-Saxon goddess of the dawn whose festival is thought to have been celebrated around the vernal equinox. Further from Proto-West Germanic *Austrā, from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ, derived from either Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”) or, more semantically plausible, from *austrą, *auzrą, a metathesized form of *wazrą (“spring (season)”), *-ǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *wósr̥ (“spring”).
The English word is cognate with German Low German Oostern (“Easter”), Old High German ōstarūn (modern German Ostern) and is possibly a doublet of east. Despite a modern folk etymology, not related to Ishtar.
The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: glosses: To celebrate Easter.
glosses: To spend the Easter season in some place.
Passion Sunday
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Passion Sundays
Etymology: From the Passion of Christ, the suffering of Jesus preceding and during his crucifixion, from passio (“suffering”).
Senses: examples: near synonym: Sunday of Mary of Egypt, the fifth Sunday of Great Lent by the Byzantine Rite calendar
synonyms: Care Sunday
Carling Sunday
Carl Sunday
Carle Sunday
Judica Sunday
Black Sunday
glosses: The fifth Sunday in Lent, the second Sunday before Easter, the first day in Passiontide.
qualifier: inexact
glosses: Synonym of Palm Sunday: the sixth Sunday in Lent, the Sunday before Easter, the mid-point of Passiontide.
synonyms: word: Palm Sunday
extra: the sixth Sunday in Lent, the Sunday before Easter, the mid-point of Passiontide
Derived terms: Passiontide
Easter Monday
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: Holonyms: Easter Week < Eastertide < Octave of Easter < Eastertime < calendar
related: word: Easter Sunday
word: Easter Day
word: Easter
word: Easter Tuesday
word: Easter Wednesday
word: Easter Thursday
word: Easter Friday
word: Easter Saturday
word: Second Sunday of Easter
glosses: The Monday after Easter Sunday; a bank holiday in Britain and a holiday in many other places.
Related terms: english: one week before
translation: one week before
word: Holy Monday
boing
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: enpr: boing
ipa: /bɔɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɔɪŋ
Etymology: Onomatopoeic. The “large breasts” sense is reborrowed from Japanese ボイン, in turn from English boing.
Senses: examples: text: "Phut." Something whipped into the ground beside him and there was a pinpoint flash from the cabin. "B-o-i-n-g-g-g." There was another flash and the bullet hit the rail and whined off into the night.
ref: 1956, Ian Fleming, Diamonds are Forever, published 1965, page 100:
glosses: A representation of the sound of something bouncing.
topics: lifestyle
glosses: A representation of the sound of something bouncing.
Announcing the presence of large, pert breasts, which are bouncy.
raw_tags: in the context of anime and comics
glosses: A representation of the sound of something bouncing.
Announcing the advent of male arousal (erection), via the metaphor of a spring springing energetically.
Related terms: sense: arousal
word: sprung
boing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: boing
ipa: /bɔɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɔɪŋ
Forms: form: boings
Etymology: Onomatopoeic. The “large breasts” sense is reborrowed from Japanese ボイン, in turn from English boing.
Senses: glosses: The sound made by an elastic object (such as a spring) when bouncing; the sound of a bounce.
topics: lifestyle
glosses: Large breasts.
raw_tags: in the context of anime and comics
Derived terms: boingy
boing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: boing
ipa: /bɔɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɔɪŋ
Forms: form: boings
form: boinging
form: boinged
form: boinged
Etymology: Onomatopoeic. The “large breasts” sense is reborrowed from Japanese ボイン, in turn from English boing.
Senses: examples: text: At its most extreme it is reminiscent of the boinging and buzzing of a Jew's harp.
ref: 1988 October 7, Peter Friederici, “Auction”, in Chicago Reader:
glosses: To make a boing sound or bouncing motion.
conker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒŋkə/
rhymes: -ɒŋkə(ɹ)
homophone: conquer
Forms: form: conkers
Etymology: From 19th-century dialect conker (“snail-shell”); the game of conkers was originally played using snail-shells; from conch + -er or a variant of conquer.
Senses: examples: text: His bald spot gleams like a burnished conker.
ref: 2006, Peter Godwin, When a Crocodile Eats the Sun: A Memoir of Africa:
text: Unboxing conkers? What on earth are you talking about? Oh wow, you really are out of the loop, aren’t you? Gen Zers are taking to TikTok to film themselves unpeeling conkers from their spiky capsules.
ref: 2025 October 13, “‘Nature’s Labubu’: why are gen Z ‘unboxing’ conkers?”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
synonyms: word: cheggie
word: cobbler
word: obblyonker
glosses: A horse chestnut, used in the game of conkers.
Derived terms: conker tree
conker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɒŋkə/
rhymes: -ɒŋkə(ɹ)
homophone: conquer
Senses: examples: text: The roads are not exceeded by any throughout India; hard conker pounded, makes them as level as a table.
ref: 1833, Edward C. Archer, Tours in Upper India and in Parts of the Himalaya Mountains, page 89:
glosses: Alternative form of kankar.
conkers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From conker + -s.
Senses: topics: games
synonyms: word: cobbler
glosses: A game for two players in which the participants each have a horse-chestnut (known as a "conker") suspended from a length of string, and take turns to strike their opponent's conker with their own with the object of destroying the opponent's conker before their own is destroyed.
conkers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From conker + -s.
Senses: glosses: plural of conker
pie chart
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpaɪ ˌt͡ʃɑɹt/
Forms: form: pie charts
Etymology: From its circular shape, resembling a circular pie, of which portions are typically divided by radial cuts.
Senses: glosses: A pictorial graph in the shape of a circle, with segments representing related proportions
Synonyms: circle graph
pie-gram
pie diagram
Related terms: bar chart
flow chart
weather chart
Kurmanji
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɚˈmɑn.dʒi/
ipa: /ˈkɚ.mæn.dʒi/
Etymology: From Northern Kurdish kurmancî.
Senses: synonyms: Northern Kurdish
glosses: The Kurdish language with the largest number of speakers, spoken in Turkey, Syria, northernmost Iraq, and parts of Iran and Central Asia.
Related terms: word: Central Kurdish
word: Sorani
alt: Kermanshani/Kermanshahi
word: Southern Kurdish
word: Zazaki
commemorate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈmɛməˌɹeɪt/
Forms: form: commemorates
form: commemorating
form: commemorated
form: commemorated
Etymology: First attested in 1599; borrowed from Latin commemorātus, perfect passive participle of commemorō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Sporadic usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: On November 11th we commemorate the fallen with a march.
text: On the anniversary of Korczak's murder, Israel commemorated him with a special postal issue. As a stamp collector and philatelic columnist, it pleased me greatly when other countries followed Israel's example in honoring him.
ref: 2009, Naava Piatka, No Goodbyes: A Father-Daughter Memoir of Love, War and Resurrection, page 98:
synonyms: memorialize
glosses: To honour the memory of someone or something with a ceremony or object.
examples: text: The cenotaph commemorates the fallen.
glosses: To serve as a memorial to someone or something.
Derived terms: decommemorate
uncommemorated
commemorate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈmɛməˌɹeɪt/
Forms: form: more commemorate
form: most commemorate
Etymology: First attested in 1599; borrowed from Latin commemorātus, perfect passive participle of commemorō, see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Sporadic usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: In almost all the Psalms of praise, we find the preceding distress and afflictions […] first pathetically commemorat.
ref: 1671, Robert MacWard, The True Non-Conformist..., line 274:
glosses: Commemorated.
raw_tags: as a participle
Related terms: commemorabilia
commemoration
commemorative
commemorator
commemoratory
memorial
memory
admonish
mantra
memento
memento mori
memo
memorable
mention
mind
mint
mnemonic
Mnemosyne
money
monition
reminisce
manslaughter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmænˌslɔːtə/
ipa: /ˈmænˌslɔtɚ/
Forms: form: manslaughters
Etymology: From Middle English manslaȝter, manslauter, equivalent to man + slaughter, or taken as an adaptation of Old English mansliht (“murder; killing of a person”), from mann (“person”) + sliht (“killing”), see manslaught. Cognate with Scots manslauchter (“homicide”). Compare also Old Frisian monslaga (“murder”).
Senses: examples: text: For that cause We decreed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killeth a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the earth, it shall be as if he had killed all mankind, and whoso saveth the life of one, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind.
ref: 1930, Marmaduke Pickthall, transl., The Meaning of the Glorious Koran, surah 5, verse 32:
glosses: The slaying of a human being.
topics: law
glosses: The unlawful killing of a human, either in negligence or incidentally to the commission of some unlawful act, but without specific malice, or upon a sudden excitement of anger; considered less culpable than murder, but more culpable than justifiable homicide.
Derived terms: constructive manslaughter
criminally negligent manslaughter
first-degree manslaughter
involuntary manslaughter
manslaughterous
second-degree manslaughter
voluntary manslaughter
Related terms: self-slaughter
full moon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: full moons
form: full Moon
form: fullmoon
Etymology: From Middle English ful mone, from Old English full mōna, equivalent to full + moon.
Senses: examples: text: It is true also that the roosters, especially during full moon, crow all night.
ref: 1923 May, Lawrence Shaw Mayo, “The Shenando’ Valley”, in The Atlantic Monthly, Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 28 May 2022:
antonyms: new moon
glosses: The phase of the moon when it is in opposition to the sun and its full disc is therefore visible.
synonyms: word: plenilune
antonyms: new moon
glosses: The moon when it is in opposition to the sun.
Related terms: lunar phase
lycanthropy
plenilunar
plenilunary
🌕
new moon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: new moons
Etymology: From Middle English newe moone, newe mone, equivalent to new + moon.
Senses: coordinate_terms: full moon
glosses: The phase of the moon when it is in conjunction with the sun and is therefore obscured.
coordinate_terms: full moon
glosses: The moon when it is in conjunction with the sun.
synonyms: waxing moon
coordinate_terms: old moon
glosses: The phase of the moon when it is waxing.
synonyms: waxing moon
coordinate_terms: old moon
glosses: The moon when it is waxing.
synonyms: neomenia
glosses: The day when the new moon is first seen or is expected to appear.
Related terms: lunar phase
wombmate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈwuːm.meɪt/
Forms: form: wombmates
Etymology: From womb + -mate.
Senses: examples: text: The chance to meet one's wombmate, possibly for the first time since the umbilical cords were cut, is irresistible.
ref: 1999, Judith Rich Harris, The Nurture Assumption: Why Children Turn Out the Way They Do:
glosses: A sibling with whom an unborn child shares the womb.
forger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɔː(ɹ)dʒə(ɹ)
Forms: form: forgers
Etymology: From Middle English forger, forgere, from Old French forgiere; equivalent to forge + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person who creates forgeries, falsifies documents with intent to defraud, e.g. to create a false will or illicit copies of currency; counterfeiter.
glosses: A person who forges metals.
Related terms: forgery
seldom
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛldəm/
rhymes: -ɛldəm
Forms: form: more seldom
form: seldomer
form: most seldom
form: seldomest
form: seldome
Etymology: From late Middle English seldom, alteration of earlier selden by analogy with adverbial datives such as whilom, from Old English seldan (“seldom”), from Proto-West Germanic *seldanā, from Proto-Germanic *seldanē.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian säilden (“seldom”), West Frisian selden, komselden (“rare, seldom”), Dutch zelden, German selten, Danish sjælden, Norwegian sjelden, Swedish sällan, Faroese sjáldan, Icelandic sjaldan. More at seld and selly.
Senses: examples: text: They seldom come here now.
text: I corralled the judge, and we started off across the fields, in no very mild state of fear of that gentleman's wife, whose vigilance was seldom relaxed.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
text: I'll miss the sea. But a person needs new experiences. They draw something deep inside, allowing him to grow. Without change, something sleeps inside us and seldom awakens. The sleeper must awaken.
ref: 1984, 20:05 from the start, in Dune (Science Fiction), →OCLC:
text: People who talk about an imminent possibility of war seldom pose this question: What would North Korea’s leadership get from unleashing a war that they are likely to lose in weeks, if not days?
ref: 2013 April 9, Andrei Lankov, “Stay Cool. Call North Korea’s Bluff.”, in New York Times:
text: Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.
ref: 2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:
synonyms: word: barely
word: hardly
word: rarely
word: scarcely
word: infrequently
word: seldomly
word: rarely
word: seldom
word: infrequently
word: scarcely
word: seldomly
word: uncommonly
word: unoften
antonyms: word: often
word: frequently
word: rarely
word: forever
word: occasionally
word: never
word: once
glosses: Infrequently, rarely.
Derived terms: barking dogs seldom bite
a barking dog seldom bites
opportunity seldom knocks twice
seldom or ever
seldomtimes
unseldom
seldom
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛldəm/
rhymes: -ɛldəm
Forms: form: more seldom
form: seldomer
form: most seldom
form: seldomest
form: seldome
Etymology: From late Middle English seldom, alteration of earlier selden by analogy with adverbial datives such as whilom, from Old English seldan (“seldom”), from Proto-West Germanic *seldanā, from Proto-Germanic *seldanē.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian säilden (“seldom”), West Frisian selden, komselden (“rare, seldom”), Dutch zelden, German selten, Danish sjælden, Norwegian sjelden, Swedish sällan, Faroese sjáldan, Icelandic sjaldan. More at seld and selly.
Senses: examples: text: a suppressed and seldom anger
ref: 1651, Jer[emy] Taylor, The Rule and Exercises of Holy Living. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Francis Ashe […], →OCLC:
text: He was very curious in his garden, which was never out of order; in which he would at seldom times take a short walk or two, not enduring to see a weed in it.
ref: 1850, Vignaud Pamphlets: Sir Isaac Newton, page 513:
synonyms: word: geason
word: uncommon
word: dearthy
word: few and far between
word: geason
word: infrequent
word: in short supply
word: rare
word: raresome
word: scant
word: scantling
word: scarce
word: selcouth
word: seld
word: seldom
word: selly
word: superrare
word: uncommon
word: unfrequent
glosses: Rare; infrequent.
Derived terms: seldomly
seldomness
Related terms: seld
tanker
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtæŋkə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -æŋkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: tankers
form: tankering
form: tankered
form: tankered
Etymology: From tank + -er.
Senses: glosses: To transport (oil, etc.) in a tanker.
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To carry more fuel than necessary for a flight, in order to avoid having to refuel at a destination where fuel is more expensive or in short supply.
journalist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɜːnəlɪst/
Forms: form: journalists
Etymology: From journal + -ist.
Senses: qualifier: originally
glosses: The keeper of a personal journal, who writes in it regularly.
examples: text: “There’s this terrible business to start with. Scotland Yard men in and out of the house like a jack-in-the-box! Never know where they won’t turn up next. Screaming headlines in every paper in the country—damn all journalists, I say!”
ref: 1920, Agatha Christie, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, London: Pan Books, published 1954, page 126:
synonyms: gazetteer
glosses: One whose occupation is journalism, originally only writing in the printed press.
examples: text: British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.
ref: 2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848, archived from the original on 12 Mar 2023:
text: A staff member of the Kuchar County Judiciary told RFA that he did not have the authority “to answer political questions of this magnitude,” when asked whether 150 people had died in No. 1 Camp, and whether the number included any government officials or other employees.
“We have a county-wide directive—firstly, to never provide answers to pretend journalists, and secondly, to never take phone calls of unknown origin,” he said.
ref: 2019 October 29, Shohret Hoshur, Joshua Lipes, “At Least 150 Detainees Have Died in One Xinjiang Internment Camp: Police Officer”, in Mamatjan Juma, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 02 Dec 2019:
text: In 2017, Katherine Maher, then the CEO of the WMF, re-imagined the nonprofit’s mission as “top-down social justice activism and advocacy,” as journalist Ashley Rindsberg described it.
ref: 2025 September 30, Larry Sanger, “4. Revive the original neutrality policy.”, in larrysanger.org, archived from the original on 29 Sep 2025:
glosses: A reporter, someone who professionally reports on news and current events.
Hyponyms: photojournalist
presstitute
Derived terms: churnalist
citizen journalist
cyberjournalist
data journalist
e-journalist
investigative journalist
journalistic
journalistical
journalistics
journo
nonjournalist
pack journalist
parajournalist
pseudojournalist
telejournalist
video journalist
whorenalist
yellow journalist
Related terms: journalese
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
Forms: form: gills
Etymology: From Middle English gille, gylle (“gill”), of North Germanic origin, akin to Danish gælle, Swedish gäl, Norwegian gjelle, and further to Old Norse gjǫlnar (“lips”), which also may have had the meaning of "gills" (based on Old Danish fiskegæln (“gills”)). The Old Norse word has been suggested as deriving from Proto-Germanic *gelunō (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, which would make it root-cognate to Ancient Greek χελύνη (khelúnē, “lip, jaw”), χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”).
Displaced native Old English ċīe.
Senses: examples: text: Fishes […] perform their respiration under water by the gills.
ref: 1691, John Ray, The Wisdom of God Manifested in the Works of the Creation. […], London: […] Samuel Smith, […], →OCLC:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: A breathing organ of fish and other aquatic animals.
examples: text: Gill nets are designed to catch a fish by the gills.
glosses: A gill slit or gill cover.
raw_tags: of a fish
topics: biology
mycology
natural-sciences
synonyms: lamella
glosses: One of the radial folds on the underside of the cap of a mushroom, the surface of which bears the spore-producing organs.
qualifier: animal anatomy
glosses: The fleshy flap that hangs below the beak of a fowl; a wattle.
examples: text: dropsy fills you to the gills
ref: 1728, Jonathan Swift, Ballad on Ballyspellin:
glosses: The flesh under or about the chin; a wattle.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
spinning
sports
glosses: One of the combs of closely ranged steel pins which divide the ribbons of flax fiber or wool into fewer parallel filaments.
Synonyms: branchia
Derived terms: bluegill
book gill
brittlegill
gill arch
gill bailer
gillless
gill raker
gill trama
grease one's gills
green about the gills
greengill
green gill
sevengill
sixgill
to the gills
Related terms: lung
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
Forms: form: gills
form: gilling
form: gilled
form: gilled
Etymology: From Middle English gille, gylle (“gill”), of North Germanic origin, akin to Danish gælle, Swedish gäl, Norwegian gjelle, and further to Old Norse gjǫlnar (“lips”), which also may have had the meaning of "gills" (based on Old Danish fiskegæln (“gills”)). The Old Norse word has been suggested as deriving from Proto-Germanic *gelunō (“jaw”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel-, which would make it root-cognate to Ancient Greek χελύνη (khelúnē, “lip, jaw”), χεῖλος (kheîlos, “lip”).
Displaced native Old English ċīe.
Senses: examples: text: As we had fish home in the icebox, when Bill led the fish up alongside, I leaned over the combing, gilled the fish with my fingers, slid out the hook and let go. The bass lay there for a moment, tired from the arch of the rod and the pull of the line.
ref: 1948, Oliver Hazard Perry Rodman, The Saltwater Fisherman's Favorite Four, page 166:
text: She gutted and gilled the fish, then scaled it.
ref: 2014, Scott Tippett, Polaris, →ISBN, page 99:
glosses: To remove the gills from a fish as part of gutting and cleaning it.
examples: text: Owing to the peculiar shape of the pompano and the relatively large mesh in the pompano gill nets, the fish are not caught by being actually gilled.
ref: 1898, Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, page 255:
text: In cases of very heavy catches the nets may be hauled and stored with the fish still gilled. The fish would then be shaken out on return to the port.
ref: 1971, Michael Culley, G. A. Kerkut, The Pilchard: Biology and Exploitation →ISBN, page 70
text: The intention is to gill the fish, so they are usually scared into the net by rowing one boat into the middle of the net circle and banging the oars on the boat bottom or splashing the water.
ref: 1994, G.D. Pickett, M.G. Pawson, Sea Bass: Biology, →ISBN, page 177:
glosses: To catch (a fish) in a gillnet.
examples: text: Since the fine threads of the net usually are caught under the gill covers of the fish they are said to be "gilled."
ref: 1926, Walter Koelz, Fishing industry of the Great Lakes, page 556:
text: Also, when fish gilled there wasn't as much extra twine to tangle in, so they were easier to release from the net.
ref: 2010, Edward A. Perrine, Midnight Tracy, →ISBN, page 147:
glosses: To be or become entangled in a gillnet.
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: Jill
ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
Forms: form: gills
Etymology: From Middle English gille, from Old French gille (“a wine measure”), from Medieval Latin gillo (“earthenware jar”).
Senses: glosses: A drink measure for spirits and wine, approximately a quarter of a pint, but varying regionally.
glosses: A measuring jug holding a quarter or half a pint.
glosses: A unit of measure equal to 4 US fluid ounces (half a cup, a quarter of a US pint), approximately 118 milliliters.
Derived terms: gill-ale
gillhouse
gillie
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: Jill
rhymes: -ɪl
ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: Jill
Forms: form: gills
form: ghyll
Etymology: From Middle English gille, from Old Norse gil.
Senses: glosses: A rivulet, small stream.
glosses: A ravine.
Derived terms: Lowgill
Low Gill
Rowlands Gill
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: Jill
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: gills
Etymology: Uncertain.
Senses: glosses: A two-wheeled frame for transporting timber.
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: Jill
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: gills
form: jill
Etymology: Clipping of gillian, from the female name Gillian.
Senses: glosses: A female ferret.
glosses: A promiscuous woman; harlot, wanton.
examples: text: Gill comes from the Knight, that did so seek / To gaine her love; she's hir'd for a week.
ref: 1646, Humphrey Mill, “Section XXI”, in The Nights Search, Part 2, page 129:
glosses: A prostitute.
Synonyms: sense: promiscuous woman
word: promiscuous woman
sense: prostitute
word: prostitute
Derived terms: flirt-gill
gill-over-the-ground
gill
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: ghyll
ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: Jill
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: gills
form: gilling
form: gilled
form: gilled
form: jill
Etymology: Clipping of gillian, from the female name Gillian.
Senses: examples: text: Comme proprement le fine of my Designs dey make; / Dam gilling Whore / Et Louis d'or
ref: 1719, Henry Playford, “Lewis Upon the Fret”, in Wit and Mirth: Or, Pills to Purge Melancholy, page 72:
glosses: To act as a prostitute.
Synonyms: prostitute oneself
Palm Sunday
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Palm Sundays
Etymology: From the palm fronds supposedly laid before Jesus during his entrance to Jerusalem preceding his crucifixion. Originally Old English Palmsunnandæg or palm-sunnandæg. The current spelling dates to the 17th century.
Senses: examples: Holonyms: Holy Week < Eastertime
synonyms: Branch Sunday
related: word: Holy Monday
word: ;
word: Holy Tuesday
word: ;
word: Holy Wednesday
word: Good Wednesday
word: Spy Wednesday
word: ;
word: Holy Thursday
word: Maundy Thursday
word: Green Thursday
word: Sheer Thursday
word: White Thursday
word: ;
word: Holy Friday
word: Good Friday
word: Black Friday
word: Golden Friday
glosses: The sixth Sunday in Lent, the Sunday before Easter.
Easter egg
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiː.stəɹ ˌɛɡ/
Forms: form: Easter eggs
Etymology: From Easter + egg. Cognate with German Low German Ooosterei (“Easter egg”), Middle High German ōsterei ("Easter egg"; > modern German Osterei). So called because eggs would be eaten during Easter to break the fasting during Lent. (No eggs, dairy, meat except fish, lard, or foods containing these ingredients could be eaten during Lent.) The computing sense is from the early 1980s, popularized by the video game Adventure.
Senses: examples: text: Because eggs were inexpensive in most regions, the practice of decorating Easter eggs crossed all social classes and remained somewhat simple.
ref: 2009, Ace Collins, chapter 23, in Stories Behind the Traditions and Songs of Easter:
synonyms: Pascha egg
Pasch egg
glosses: A dyed or decorated egg, traditionally associated with Easter and, in the Western European tradition, sometimes hidden for children to find.
examples: text: I reached the first fork in the tree and there they lay—several melted Easter eggs[…] Quickly I tore open the foil and licked the melted chocolate until there wasn't a trace left on the paper.
ref: 2008, Christel Behnke Gehlert, Recollections of a Hamburger: Growing Up German, 1941-1962, page 143:
glosses: A chocolate confection in the shape of an egg, sometimes with chocolates or sweets inside.
examples: text: an Easter egg that displays the names of the application's development team
text: Once found, the Easter egg will often enable the player to traverse through the game much more rapidly the second time around.
ref: 2011, Myint Swe Khine, Learning to Play: Exploring the Future of Education with Video Games, page 59:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
video-games
glosses: An undocumented function hidden in a program or video game, typically triggered by a particular input sequence or combination of keystrokes.
examples: text: For the Best of Bowie DVD release, APl even concealed an Easter egg within a hidden extra.
ref: 2004, Michael Burns, George Cairns, Designing DVD Menus: How to Create Professional-Looking DVDs:
text: The repeated appearance of a number as an Easter egg is not a new concept for J.J., Burky or those other members of Lost Labs who previously worked on Alias.
ref: 2008, Jon Lachonis, Amy Johnston, chapter 16, in "Lost" Ate My Life: The Inside Story of a Fandom Like No Other:
text: Unlike an allusion — a tip of the hat to a previous work — an Easter egg, when found, is an anachronistic disruption, an anti-mimetic breaking of the fourth wall to make room for a joke, clue or grievance.
ref: 2023 January 13, Nick Haramis, “When Did We All Become Pop Culture Detectives?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Any image, feature, or other content that is hidden on a video disc or in a movie, trailer, or poster.
Derived terms: Easter egg hunt
Russian Easter egg
Ukrainian Easter egg