cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
revoke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɪˈvoʊk/
ipa: /ɹɪˈvəʊk/
ipa: /rɪˈvəʊk/
rhymes: -əʊk
Forms: form: revokes
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French révoquer, from Latin revocare, from re- + voco, vocare. Doublet of revocate.
Senses: examples: text: Employ two revokes, two trumpings of your partner's best card and two ignorings of a call — all in the same hand!
ref: 1923, William Henry Koebel, All Aboard: A Frivolous Book, page 102:
glosses: The act of revoking in a game of cards.
glosses: A renege; a violation of important rules regarding the play of tricks in trick-taking card games serious enough to render the round invalid.
glosses: A violation ranked in seriousness somewhat below overt cheating, with the status of a more minor offense only because, when it happens, it is usually accidental.
IR
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: IRs
Senses: examples: text: The pilot checked the IR system before takeoff.
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Initialism of inertial reference.
examples: text: She is studying IR as part of her business degree.
topics: business
glosses: Initialism of industrial relations.
examples: text: The company’s IR team held a quarterly earnings call.
topics: business
glosses: Initialism of investor relations.
examples: text: Search engines rely on advanced IR techniques.
topics: computer
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
science
sciences
glosses: Initialism of information retrieval.
examples: text: The compiler translated the code into LLVM IR.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software-compilation
glosses: Initialism of intermediate representation.
examples: text: The officer filed an IR after the accident.
topics: government
law-enforcement
glosses: Initialism of incident report.
examples: text: The doctor prescribed an IR tablet for quick pain relief.
topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
antonyms: XR
glosses: Initialism of immediate release.
examples: text: The camera detects IR light beyond the visible spectrum.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Abbreviation of infrared.
examples: text: Scientists measured levels of IR radiation.
text: IR communication
text: IR blaster
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Initialism of infrared radiation.
examples: text: She is majoring in IR at university.
topics: government
politics
glosses: Initialism of international relations.
examples: text: The player was placed on IR for the remainder of the season.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Initialism of injured reserve.
examples: text: He competes in IR events at the Paralympics.
qualifier: disability sport
glosses: Initialism of indoor rowing.
examples: text: We drove on an IR through rural Ohio.
qualifier: Ohio
glosses: Initialism of interstate route.
Related terms: sense: infrared
word: FIR
sense: infrared
word: FLIR
sense: infrared
word: LWIR
sense: infrared
word: MIR
sense: infrared
word: MWIR
sense: infrared
word: NIR
sense: infrared
word: NIRS
sense: infrared
word: SWIR
sense: infrared
word: VLWIR
sense: infrared
word: VSWIR
IR
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The site featured an IR category for interracial content.
topics: lifestyle
media
pornography
sexuality
glosses: Initialism of interracial.
infrared
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/
ipa: /ˌɪnfɹəˈɹed/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɪn.fɾɑ.ɾĕɖ/
Forms: form: infrareds
Etymology: From infra- + red.
Senses: examples: text: Collisions of these 'transparent' molecules with the molecules that do have absorption bands in the infrared can have a considerable influence on the intensities of the observed absorption bands.
ref: 1962, John Nelson Howard, Transmission of the Atmosphere in the Infrared: A Review, page 3:
hypernyms: electromagnetic radiation
glosses: The electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than microwave radiation, having a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm.
examples: text: Sonne has shown that by means of the luminous rays the temperature in the tissue may be raised to a higher degree than by the use of the infrareds.
ref: 1924, The American Review of Tuberculosis, page 110:
text: Exposure of spectral pieces at centimeters, millimeters, and infrareds, which provide a top steadiness of the dependence "MCW radiation vs. parameter Δt" and its interannual (seasonal) dynamics.
ref: 2009, Alexander Grankov, Microwave Radiation of the Ocean-Atmosphere: Boundary Heat and Dynamic Interaction:
glosses: A specific wavelength in this range.
examples: text: In his room, he could install his infrareds without being discovered.
ref: 2000, Pete Fowler, Keeps, page 62:
text: Beams are the active counterparts of passive infrareds (PIRs). Since these are active infrareds, they require two parts: a transmitter and a receiver.
ref: 2007, Ed Morawski, Solving the Security Puzzle, page 79:
text: Additionally, infrareds tend to cook food faster so there's less time to render said fat.
ref: 2020, Jenny Dorsey, The Infrared Grill Master: Recipes and Techniques for Perfectly Seared, Deliciously Smokey BBQ Every Time:
glosses: A device that emits infrared radiation.
infrared
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnfɹəˈɹɛd/
ipa: /ˌɪnfɹəˈɹed/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɪn.fɾɑ.ɾĕɖ/
Etymology: From infra- + red.
Senses: hyponyms: mid-infrared
near-infrared
glosses: Having a wavelength in the infrared spectrum.
examples: text: Unless otherwise stated, we will be working in Euclidean space compactified to a sphere in order to avoid infrared problems.
ref: 1986, Luis Álvarez-Gaumé, “An Introduction to Anomalies”, in G. Velo, A. S. Wightman, editors, Fundamental Problems of Gauge Field Theory, →ISBN, page 97:
text: Secondly, as stated already by Osborne & Provenzale, pure k^(-α)-behaviour is impossible since there would have to be infinite power at zero frequency (this would correspond to an infrared catastrophe).
ref: 2000, Andreas Galka, Topics in Nonlinear Time Series Analysis: With Implications for EEG Analysis, →ISBN, page 176:
text: Although infrared divergences are of long-distance nature, they often play an essential role in the verification of the validity of the perturbative treatment of short-distance phenomena.
ref: 2010, Taizo Muta, Foundations of Quantum Chromodynamics: An Introduction to Perturbative Methods in Gauge Theories, 3rd edition, →ISBN, page 331:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
antonyms: ultraviolet
glosses: Relating to very low energies or very large distances or time spans.
Derived terms: cosmic infrared background
infrared astronomy
infrared camera
infrared detector
infrared divergence
infrared film
infrared filter
infrared fixed point
infrared homing
infrared imagery
infrared lamp
infrared light
infrared microscope
infrared motion detector
infrared multiphoton dissociation
infrared photography
infrared pointer
infrared port
infrared radiation
infrared remote control
infrared repellor
infrared sauna
infrared spectroscopy
infrared thermography
infrared thermometer
infrared waves
mediumwave infrared
midinfrared
near infrared
noninfrared
tetralogy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: tĕ-trălʹ-ə-jē
ipa: /tɛˈtɹæləd͡ʒi/
Forms: form: tetralogies
Etymology: From tetra- + -logy.
Senses: glosses: A set of four works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as four individual works. They are commonly found in literature, film, or video games.
glosses: A set of four works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as four individual works. They are commonly found in literature, film, or video games.
A group of four dramas, three tragic and one satiric, exhibited together at the festivals of Dionysus at Athens.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A combination of four symptoms.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Tetralogy of Fallot.
Synonyms: sense: four related works
word: quadrilogy
Related terms: word: dilogy
sense: A set of four works of art that are connected, and that can be seen either as a single work or as four individual works. They are commonly found in literature, film, or video games.; A group of four dramas, three tragic and one satiric, exhibited together at the festivals of Dionysus at Athens.
word: duology
sense: A combination of four symptoms.
word: trilogy
sense: Tetralogy of Fallot.
word: quadrilogy
word: pentalogy
word: hexalogy
word: heptalogy
word: octalogy
word: ennealogy
word: decalogy
word: polylogy (2+)
stump
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /stʌmp/
rhymes: -ʌmp
Forms: form: stumps
Etymology: From Middle English stumpe, stompe (“stump”), from or akin to Middle Low German stump (“stump”) or Middle Dutch stomp, from Old Saxon or Old Dutch *stump, from Proto-West Germanic *stump, from Proto-Germanic *stumpaz (“stump, blunt, part cut off”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch stomp (“stump”), Old High German stumph (“stump”) (German Stumpf), Old Norse stumpr (“stump”). More at stop.
Senses: synonyms: stub
glosses: The remains of something that has been cut off; especially the remains of a tree, the remains of a limb.
topics: government
politics
glosses: The place or occasion at which a campaign takes place; the husting.
examples: text: Paul Muniment had taken hold of Hyacinth, and said, 'I'll trouble you to stay, you little desperado. I'll be blowed if I ever expected to see you on the stump!'
ref: 1886, Henry James, The Princess Casamassima, London: Macmillan and Co.:
glosses: A place or occasion at which a person harangues or otherwise addresses a group in a manner suggesting political oration.
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: One of three small wooden posts which together with the bails make the wicket and that the fielding team attempt to hit with the ball.
qualifier: drawing
glosses: An artists’ drawing tool made of rolled paper used to smudge or blend marks made with charcoal, Conté crayon, pencil or other drawing media.
glosses: A wooden or concrete pole used to support a house.
examples: text: to stir one's stumps
glosses: A leg.
glosses: A pin in a tumbler lock which forms an obstruction to throwing the bolt except when the gates of the tumblers are properly arranged, as by the key.
glosses: A pin or projection in a lock to form a guide for a movable piece.
Derived terms: beyond the black stump
black stump
bleeding stump
call it stumps
chopping stump
dumb as a stump
fourth stump
gump stump
gump-stump
leg stump
middle stump
off stump
on the stump
pull up stumps
rump and stump
stir one's stumps
stump and rump
stump cam
stump camera
stump cutter
stump detective
stump dump
stump grinder
stump it
stump orator
stump out
stump powder
stumps
stump speech
stump stabber
stump-tailed macaque
stump tracery
stump-water
stumpy
take the stump
this side of the black stump
tree stump
up a stump
up the stump
stump
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /stʌmp/
rhymes: -ʌmp
Forms: form: stumps
form: stumping
form: stumped
form: stumped
form: no-table-tags
form: glossary
form: stump
form: stump
form: stumped
form: stump
form: stumpest
form: stumped
form: stumpedst
form: stumps
form: stumpeth
form: stumped
form: stump
form: stumped
form: stump
form: stumped
form: stump
form: -
form: stumping
form: stumped
Etymology: From Middle English stumpe, stompe (“stump”), from or akin to Middle Low German stump (“stump”) or Middle Dutch stomp, from Old Saxon or Old Dutch *stump, from Proto-West Germanic *stump, from Proto-Germanic *stumpaz (“stump, blunt, part cut off”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch stomp (“stump”), Old High German stumph (“stump”) (German Stumpf), Old Norse stumpr (“stump”). More at stop.
Senses: glosses: To stop, confuse, or puzzle.
examples: text: This last question has me stumped.
glosses: To baffle; to make unable to find an answer to a question or problem.
examples: text: He’s been stumping for that reform for months.
synonyms: campaign
glosses: To campaign.
glosses: To travel over (a state, a district, etc.) giving speeches for electioneering purposes.
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: To get a batsman out stumped.
raw_tags: of a wicket keeper
examples: text: A herd of boys with clamour bowled, / And stumped the wicket.
ref: 1847, Alfred Tennyson, “Prologue”, in The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: To bowl down the stumps of (a wicket).
examples: text: Mrs Dibble made for the kitchen, stumping violently with her crutches and heaving her bulk along with the obvious determination to submerge her wrongs by resorting to the gin-bottle.
ref: 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 150:
glosses: To walk heavily or clumsily, plod, trudge.
glosses: To reduce to a stump; to truncate or cut off a part of.
glosses: To strike unexpectedly; to stub, as the toe against something fixed.
Related terms: stumped
stump up
warm fuzzy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: warm fuzzies
Etymology: Coined by Claude Steiner in 1970 for his children's story A Warm Fuzzy Tale, where it is used in a technical sense to illustrate a concept, namely, positive stroke, that is used in a type of therapy called transactional analysis.
Senses: examples: text: I suppose they are a reputable business, but I didn't get a warm fuzzy from their salesman.
text: Nostalgia. Walks down memory lane fill me with warm fuzzies—right up there with a warm bubble bath and a good cup of café mocha.
ref: 2005, Michelle Graham, “The Lie We Buy: Beauty and Culture”, in Wanting to Be Her: Body Image Secrets Victoria Won’t Tell You, Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, →ISBN, page 11:
text: There is no payoff to getting the warm fuzzies in the presence of rats, snakes, mosquitoes, cockroaches, herpes simplex and the rabies virus.
ref: 2009 April 19, Paul Bloom, “Natural Happiness”, in The New York Times:
antonyms: cold prickly
glosses: A good impression; a feeling of comfort, happiness or trust.
examples: text: John picks up litter in our neighborhood because it gives him warm fuzzies.
glosses: A sense of accomplishment after performing an act.
two cents
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: $0.02
form: 2¢
Senses: examples: text: That's just my two cents, you can believe what you like.
synonyms: two Abe Lincolns
two pennies' worth
tuppence worth
two penn'orth
glosses: One's opinion or thoughts.
examples: text: That car won't last a week, it's not worth two cents.
synonyms: farthing
glosses: A nearly worthless amount, alluding to placing a copper penny on each of the eyelids of a pauper's or slave's body before burial.
Derived terms: two cents' worth
Related terms: for my money
eraser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈɹeɪzə/
ipa: /ɪˈɹeɪsɚ/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɛ~ɪˈresə(r)/
rhymes: -eɪzə(ɹ)
rhymes: -eɪsə(ɹ)
Forms: form: erasers
Etymology: From erase + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who erases.
examples: text: I have worn out the eraser on this pencil.
synonyms: word: rubber
word: india rubber
word: bungee
glosses: An object used to erase or remove something written or drawn by a pen or a pencil.
glosses: An object used to erase something written either by chalk on a chalkboard, by a marker on a whiteboard, or by some other erasable implement; a chalkboard eraser, whiteboard eraser, etc.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: An overwriter program used to prevent data recovery.
Derived terms: bulk eraser
electric eraser
eraser dust
eraserless
eraserlike
eraser pen
ink eraser
kneaded eraser
mechanical eraser
mind eraser
pancake
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpæn.keɪk/
ipa: /ˈpæŋ.keɪk/
Forms: form: pancakes
form: pancaking
form: pancaked
form: pancaked
form: pan cake
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English pancake, panne cake, pankake, ponkake. By surface analysis, pan + cake.
Perhaps adapted from Middle Low German pankôke, pannekôke, from Old Saxon *pannakōko (suggested by derivatives Old Saxon pannakōkilo and pannakōkilīn), where the compound is much older; compare Old High German phankuohho (8th century), whence Middle High German phankuoche, German Pfannkuchen (“pancake”); further
Saterland Frisian Ponkouke, Ponkuuke (“pancake”), West Frisian pankoek (“pancake”), Dutch pannenkoek (“pancake”), German Low German Pannkook (“pancake”).
The juggling sense is by analogy with a pancake being tossed in a pan.
Senses: glosses: To make a pancake landing.
topics: business
construction
manufacturing
qualifier: demolition
glosses: To collapse one floor after another.
examples: text: Poor old Sleepy suffered from an on-duty head injury he'd got by chasing a Corvette on a police motorcycle, ending up like a pancaked roadkill with half his scalp flapping in the backwash of freeway commuters[…]
ref: 2011, Joseph Wambaugh, Floaters:
glosses: To flatten violently.
glosses: To lie out flat, like a pancake; sploot.
Related terms: blintz
okonomiyaki
waffle
stick up for
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: sticks up for
form: sticking up for
form: stuck up for
form: stuck up for
Senses: examples: text: You really need to stick up for yourself against that bully.
glosses: To speak or act in defence (of); to defend or protect.
Synonyms: go to bat for
stick one's neck out for
Related terms: give as good as one gets
dry run
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dry runs
form: dry-run
Etymology: From dry (“impotent; harmless”) + run. First attested in print in 1941, but apparently much older in spoken English.
Senses: examples: text: They did a dry run of the demonstration before showing it to the CEO.
text: When the dry run mode of a machine tool control is on, the machine can move rapidly because it is cutting only air, not metal. The operator can do a dry run and verify that the motions look correct.
text: Next Mr. Gregory went on to make a big thing out of the fact that he had caught them climbing "into" the school grounds not long before. He didn't exactly say so, but it was plain that he felt he had interrupted some kind of dry run—a training exercise for a crime in the planning.
ref: 1970, Zilpha Keatley Snyder, chapter 19, in The Changeling, New York, N.Y.: Atheneum, →OCLC; republished Guildford, Surrey: The Lutterworth Press, 1976, →ISBN, page 179:
text: John seems to think I will have enough to say of interest to the membership to fill my minimum number of pages. I understand that some waitlisters have contributed pages before becoming full members and this seems like a good idea to me. This way I can make a dry run at putting together my contributions each mailing without worrying about having to meet minac.
ref: 2001 October, Warren Harris, “Just who is this guy anyway?”, in Back Numbers, number 1, page 1:
synonyms: dummy run#Noun
hypernyms: run#Noun
;
practice#Noun
;
rehearsal#Noun
coordinate_terms: dress rehearsal#Noun
run-through#Noun
runthrough#Noun
walkthrough#Noun
walk-through#Noun
glosses: A practice or rehearsal; especially, one that goes through all the motions of a physical process but without the raw material or workpiece present.
wikipedia: Michael Quinion
Related terms: speedrun
scram
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: skrăm
ipa: /skɹæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scrams
form: scramming
form: scrammed
form: scrammed
Etymology: Probably either:
* a clipping of scramble by apocope; or
* from dialectal German schramm, the imperative singular form of schrammen (“to scratch, scrape”), from Late Middle High German schramm, schramme (“a graze, scratch”); further etymology unknown.
Senses: examples: text: What are you kids doing on my lawn? Scram!
text: Maybe when he found that Chet's jalopy was gone, he felt he'd better scram, and forgot the coat and hat.
ref: 1927, Franklin W. Dixon [pseudonym; Leslie McFarlane], “Rival Detectives”, in The Tower Treasure (The Hardy Boys; 1), New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap, published 1987 (2006 printing), →ISBN:
text: The boy who was playing glowered at the intruder and growled. "Well, scram Kibitzer; scram."
ref: 1935, Harry Carr, “So This is Los Angeles”, in Los Angeles, City of Dreams, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton-Century Company, →OCLC, page 241:
text: "Come on!" barked Harry. "Scram!"
ref: 1935 February 23, J. Lane Linklater, “The Signal: A Short Short Story”, in Fulton Oursler, editor, Liberty, volume 12, number 8, New York, N.Y.: Liberty Publishing, →OCLC, page 35, column 2:
text: Jus' go on like we was gonna buck barley the rest of our lives, then all of a sudden some day we'll go get our pay an' scram outta here.
ref: 1937, John Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 1994, →ISBN:
text: "You scram out of here!" she admonished me fiercely. "Get out, or I'll scream so loud I'll wake the whole house up! You—you Peeping Tom!"
ref: 1943, Hans Natonek, “The Affair of the Semi-private Bathroom”, in Barthold Fles, transl., edited by Sugden Tilley, In Search of Myself, New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, part 2 (The Year before the Decision), page 89:
text: One day he packs in here with a new convertible, tells me he's moving out and scrams. Never give me a dime.
ref: 1950, Mickey Spillane, My Gun is Quick, New York, N.Y.: Signet, New American Library, published 2014, →ISBN:
text: George was going to Haiti and he knew Lee would feel that the one man who took an interest in him was scramming out the door.
ref: 1988, Don DeLillo, Libra, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2006, →ISBN:
text: [T]wo vampires had picked up the guy who needed a new face, and they scrammed.
ref: 2005 July, MaryJanice Davidson, chapter 28, in Undead and Unappreciated (Berkley Sensation), mass-market edition, New York, N.Y.: Berkley Books, published December 2005, →ISBN, page 225:
glosses: To leave in a hurry; to go away.
Derived terms: amscray
scram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: skrăm
ipa: /skɹæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scrams
Etymology: Probably either:
* a clipping of scramble by apocope; or
* from dialectal German schramm, the imperative singular form of schrammen (“to scratch, scrape”), from Late Middle High German schramm, schramme (“a graze, scratch”); further etymology unknown.
Senses: examples: text: Bad be say she don’t usually do this
In the trap with a stick, I do this
Get ’round there with a scram
I don’t give a damn
ref: 2021 May 11, “Tie These Shoes” (0:54 from the start), 22 Jam featured by Trizz (lyrics):
text: My manager says I'm stupid for still rollin' with a scram
I hate explainin' myself and I don't think he'll understand
ref: 2023 June 18, “100mph Freestyle x3” (1:12 from the start), Clavish (lyrics):
glosses: A gun, firearm.
scram
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: skrăm
ipa: /skɹæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scrams
form: scramming
form: scrammed
form: scrammed
Etymology: The verb is a variant of dialectal English scramb (“to pull or rake together with the hands; to gather a handful of something from the ground; to scratch with the claws or nails; to pull down violently; to tear off; to maul about; a handful of something from the ground”), possibly related to Dutch schrammen (“to graze, scratch”) and German schrammen (“to scratch, scrape”); see etymology 1.
The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: scram [...] Verb. [...] 2. To scratch, with claws or fingernails. E.g. "It's my own fault the cat scrammed me, I was teasing it." [South Wales use]
ref: [1996–2020, Ted Duckworth, “scram”, in A Dictionary of Slang, archived from the original on 30 Aug 2013:
text: A woman has praised firefighters and her cat for saving her life following an alleged arson attack. Two-and-a-half-year-old tortoiseshell Taffy repeatedly bit owner Tracie Horgan-Hodgkiss on the hand until she woke up when her flat filled with acrid smoke in the early hours of this morning. [...] "I’d like to say thank you very much to the firefighters for coming to rescue me. And I am sorry that Taffy scrammed one of them!"
ref: 2013 December 19, Abby Bolter, “Firefighters Rescue Woman Trapped in Bridgend Flat following an Alleged Arson Attack”, in WalesOnline, archived from the original on 24 Dec 2013:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: To scratch (something) with claws or fingernails; to claw.
examples: text: Just west of this pit is another one, which has been nearly worked out; but three men are scramming about five tons per day in it.
ref: 1880, “Marquette Iron District”, in Annual Report of the Commissioner of Mineral Statistics of the State of Michigan, for 1879, Lansing, Mich.: W. S. George & Co., […], →OCLC, page 167:
text: Recently, Capt. Oliver, [...] set a couple of experienced miners to work scramming in this underground pit, when it was soon discovered that what the former mining captain had conceived to be a regular foot-wall, was, in fact, a thin shale of rock, which hid from view what now appears to be a very large body of clean blue ore.
ref: 1882, A. P. Swineford, “The Cyclops Mine”, in Annual Review of the Iron Mining and Other Industries of the Upper Peninsula for the Year Ending Dec. 31, 1881, [Marquette, Mich.]: Mining Journal, →OCLC, page 141:
topics: business
mining
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: To mine for ore on a small scale, especially from mines previously been worked on where most of the ore is believed to have been removed.
scram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: skrăm
ipa: /skɹæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scrams
Etymology: The verb is a variant of dialectal English scramb (“to pull or rake together with the hands; to gather a handful of something from the ground; to scratch with the claws or nails; to pull down violently; to tear off; to maul about; a handful of something from the ground”), possibly related to Dutch schrammen (“to graze, scratch”) and German schrammen (“to scratch, scrape”); see etymology 1.
The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: scram [...] Noun. [...] 2. A scratch. [South Wales use]
ref: [1996–2020, Ted Duckworth, “scram”, in A Dictionary of Slang, archived from the original on 30 Aug 2013:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A scratch, especially caused by claws or fingernails.
examples: text: [page 64] Many of these old openings still afford places where ore is mined. A man can start in almost anywhere and fine ore. There is a great deal of this "scramming" done at the Jackson. Quite a proportion of the annual product comes in this way. Not unfrequently one of these "scrams" leads to the finding of a large deposit of ore. [...] [page 67] South from the east part of the Incline pit they have a scram of good ore which furnished a small product.
ref: 1887, Cha[rle]s D. Lawton, “The Jackson Iron Co.”; “The Cleveland Mining Co.”, in Mines and Mineral Statistics, Lansing, Mich.: Thorp & Godfrey, […], →OCLC, pages 64 and 67:
text: There are numbered workings running to about 20, representing small pits and scrams, sometimes worked by contract by "scrammers."
ref: 1891, N[ewton] H[orace] Winchell, H[orace] V[aughn] Winchell, “The Chandler Mine”, in The Iron Ores of Minnesota, […] (Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota Bulletin; no. 6), Minneapolis, Minn.: Harrison & Smith, […], →OCLC, part II (Methods of Exploration and Mining, and Descriptions of the Various Mines), page 196:
topics: business
mining
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A mine previously worked on where most of the ore is believed to have been removed, but which is still being mined on a small scale.
scram
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: skrăm
ipa: /skɹæm/
rhymes: -æm
Forms: form: scrams
form: scramming
form: scrammed
form: scrammed
Etymology: Origin unknown.
Senses: examples: text: The bean-setters can fully appreciate the nipping, biting keenness of the air, and avow frankly, in their own peculiar idiom, "that they be pretty nigh scrammed!"
ref: 1857, Frances Freeling Broderip, “Murder Will Out. An ‘Owre True Tale.’”, in Way-side Fancies, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, part 2, page 13:
text: But though he had breeches and waistcoats to spare, / He had nothing quite seemly for Barbee to wear, / Who, half shrammed to death, stood and cried on a chair / At the caddle she found herself in.
ref: 1866 (date written), Thomas Hardy, “The Fire at Tranter Sweatley’s”, in Wessex Poems and Other Verses, New York, N.Y.; London: Harper & Brothers, published 1898, →OCLC, page 191:
text: [O]n a frosty winter night he'll keep me there while he tweedles upon the Twelfth and Sixteenth till my arms be scrammed for want of motion.
ref: 1876, Thomas Hardy, “Melchester—(continued)”, in The Hand of Ethelberta: A Comedy in Chapters […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 180:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Of one's body or limbs: to become numb or stiff due to cold, lack of movement, etc.
examples: text: "But they will be scrammed!^* the children will be scrammed, Mary, before morning," cried Jim, scratching his head with perplexity and distress at the very thought of two young creatures sleeping on the bare boards, in a cold garret with only a shawl to cover them. [Footnote *: Starved.]
ref: [1867], chapter I, in How Mary Edmonds Did What She Could; and What Came of it after Many Days, London: The Religious Tract Society, […], →OCLC, pages 14–15:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: To be weakened by an accident, a disease, starvation, etc.
pig Latin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Pig Latin
form: pig latin
Etymology: The word Latin derives from the language itself (though it is not linguistically related; that is an intentional misnomer), but the origin of pig is unknown.
Senses: glosses: A type of wordplay in which (English) words are altered by moving the leading phonetic of a word to the end and appending -ay [eɪ̯], except when the word begins with a vowel, in which case "-way" [weɪ̯] is suffixed with no leading phonetic change.
Synonyms: igpay atinlay
Hypernyms: backslang
Related terms: word: apothecary's Latin
word: bog Latin
word: Canis Latinicus
word: cod Latin
word: hog Latin
word: dog Latin
word: law Latin
word: macaronic Latin
word: mock Latin
word: pseudo-Latinism
sense: Category
word: English Pig Latin terms
underwire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: underwires
Etymology: From under- + wire.
Senses: glosses: A semicircular wire placed in a bra to support the breasts.
glosses: A bra that includes such wires.
underwire
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: underwires
form: underwiring
form: underwired
form: underwired
Etymology: From under- + wire.
Senses: glosses: To fix such a wire in place.
semicircle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: semicircles
Etymology: From semi- + circle.
Senses: glosses: A half of a circle.
synonyms: graphometer
glosses: A surveyor's instrument for measuring angles; a graphometer.
topics: ball-games
games
hobbies
lifestyle
soccer
sports
synonyms: penalty arc
the D
glosses: An arc whose center is the penalty spot, extending from the top of the penalty area.
semicircle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: semicircles
form: semicircling
form: semicircled
form: semicircled
Etymology: From semi- + circle.
Senses: glosses: To travel or move around in a semicircle.
Related terms: semicircular
semicircular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: semi-circular
Etymology: From semi- + circular.
Senses: glosses: In the shape of half of a circle or a semicircle.
Derived terms: semicircular canal
stop and smell the roses
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: stops and smells the roses
form: stopping and smelling the roses
form: stopped and smelled the roses
form: stopped and smelled the roses
form: stopped and smelt the roses
form: stopped and smelt the roses
form: smell the roses
form: stop and smell the flowers
form: stop to smell the roses
Senses: glosses: To relax; to take time out of one's busy schedule to enjoy or appreciate the beauty of life.
Related terms: gather rosebuds
seize the day
cleanroom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cleanrooms
form: clean room
form: clean-room
Etymology: From clean + room.
Senses: synonyms: white room
glosses: A room or environment that is controlled in such a way as to minimize airborne particulate matter, typically for the purpose of fabricating sensitive electronic or other devices.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The method of copying a design by reverse engineering and then recreating it without infringing any copyrights.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
glosses: Being or relating to a software development process intended to produce software with a certifiable level of reliability.
cleanroom
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: cleanrooms
form: cleanrooming
form: cleanroomed
form: cleanroomed
form: clean room
form: clean-room
Etymology: From clean + room.
Senses: examples: text: Based on OSF's Motif, this technology was “clean roomed” and is not in violation of any Apple copyright or patent […]
ref: 1990, InfoWorld, volume 13, numbers 1-8, page 40:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: To copy (a design) by reverse engineering and then recreating it without infringing any copyrights.
airborne
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Attested since the 1640s; air + -borne
Senses: examples: text: Airborne pollen can aggravate allergies.
text: A farmer could place an order for a new tractor part by text message and pay for it by mobile money-transfer. A supplier many miles away would then take the part to the local matternet station for airborne dispatch via drone.
ref: 2012 December 1, “An internet of airborne things”, in The Economist, volume 405, number 8813, archived from the original on 06 Nov 2018, page 3 (Technology Quarterly):
glosses: In or carried by the air.
examples: text: There goes the siren that warns of the air raid / Then comes the sound of the guns sending flak / Out for the scramble we've got to get airborne / Got to get up for the coming attack.
ref: 1984, Steve Harris, “Aces High”, in Powerslave, performed by Iron Maiden:
glosses: In flight.
examples: text: airborne radar
glosses: Fitted to an aircraft.
examples: text: airborne troops
glosses: Transported by air in an aircraft.
Derived terms: nonairborne
airborne
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: airbornes
head_nr: 1
form: airborne
head_nr: 1
Etymology: Attested since the 1640s; air + -borne
Senses: head_nr: 2
glosses: Military infantry intended to be transported by air and delivered to the battlefield by parachute or helicopter.
particulate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑːˈtɪk.jʊ.lɪt/
ipa: /pɑːˈtɪk.jʊˌleɪt/
ipa: /pəˈtɪk.jʊ.lɪt/
ipa: /pəˈtɪk.jʊˌleɪt/
ipa: /pɑɹˈtɪk.jə.lət/
ipa: /pɑɹˈtɪk.jəˌleɪt/
ipa: /pɚˈtɪk.jə.lət/
ipa: /pɚˈtɪk.jəˌleɪt/
rhymes: -ɪkjʊlɪt
Forms: form: more particulate
form: most particulate
Etymology: From New Latin particulātus (“divided into small parts”) (also particulāta (“small parts”), from its neuter plural), from Classical Latin particula (“particle”), from pars (“part, piece”) + -cula (diminutive suffix), + -ātus (-ate). The verb is probably independently from the adjective rather than from Etymology 2.
Senses: examples: text: particulate air pollution
text: particulate matter
glosses: Composed of separate particles.
examples: text: The rudiments of particulate inheritance were dimly understood already by the breeders of cattle and apples, but nobody was being systematic.
ref: 1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 41:
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Pertaining to heritable characteristics which are attributable discretely to either one or another of an offspring's parents, rather than a blend of the two.
Derived terms: diesel particulate filter
interparticulate
intraparticulate
macroparticulate
microparticulate
multiparticulate
nanoparticulate
nanoparticulated
nanoparticulation
nonparticulate
particulate inheritance
particulate matter
quasiparticulate
subparticulate
thermoparticulate
particulate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑːˈtɪk.jʊ.lɪt/
ipa: /pɑːˈtɪk.jʊˌleɪt/
ipa: /pəˈtɪk.jʊ.lɪt/
ipa: /pəˈtɪk.jʊˌleɪt/
ipa: /pɑɹˈtɪk.jə.lət/
ipa: /pɑɹˈtɪk.jəˌleɪt/
ipa: /pɚˈtɪk.jə.lət/
ipa: /pɚˈtɪk.jəˌleɪt/
rhymes: -ɪkjʊlɪt
Forms: form: particulates
Etymology: From New Latin particulātus (“divided into small parts”) (also particulāta (“small parts”), from its neuter plural), from Classical Latin particula (“particle”), from pars (“part, piece”) + -cula (diminutive suffix), + -ātus (-ate). The verb is probably independently from the adjective rather than from Etymology 2.
Senses: examples: text: Particulates in engine oil can abrade moving parts.
synonyms: particulate matter
glosses: Any solid or liquid in a subdivided state, especially one that exhibits special characteristics which are negligible in the bulk material.
particulate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɑːˈtɪk.jʊ.lɪt/
ipa: /pɑːˈtɪk.jʊˌleɪt/
ipa: /pəˈtɪk.jʊ.lɪt/
ipa: /pəˈtɪk.jʊˌleɪt/
ipa: /pɑɹˈtɪk.jə.lət/
ipa: /pɑɹˈtɪk.jəˌleɪt/
ipa: /pɚˈtɪk.jə.lət/
ipa: /pɚˈtɪk.jəˌleɪt/
rhymes: -ɪkjʊlɪt
Forms: form: particulates
form: particulating
form: particulated
form: particulated
Etymology: From New Latin particulātus (“divided into small parts”) (also particulāta (“small parts”), from its neuter plural), from Classical Latin particula (“particle”), from pars (“part, piece”) + -cula (diminutive suffix), + -ātus (-ate). The verb is probably independently from the adjective rather than from Etymology 2.
Senses: examples: text: Only after the explosion has particulated the poison and given it every opportunity to vaporize can any appreciable concentration of gas be present in the air.
ref: 1918 October, S[amuel] J[ames] M[anson] Auld, “The German Gas Attack […]”, in Arthur W[ilson] Page, editor, The World’s Work: A History of Our Time, volume XXXVI, number 6, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, →OCLC, page 646, column 2:
text: The study proved that Sialon particulated smaller than 0.5 micron could be sintered without using any auxiliary additives.
ref: 1984 April 17, The Japan Economic Journal, Tokyo: Nihon Keizai Shimbun, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 17:
text: The fascia is then particulated, rechecked for sterility, and loaded into syringes that are vacuum-packaged.
ref: 2000 July, Cheryl Guttman, “Injectable preserved particulate fascia is safe filler”, in Dermatology Times, Monmouth Junction, N.J.: MultiMedia Healthcare, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 50:
glosses: To reduce to particles, make particulate.
deburr
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /diːˈbɜː(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)
Forms: form: deburrs
form: deburring
form: deburred
form: deburred
Etymology: From de- + burr.
Senses: examples: text: After drilling the hole, use an abrasive to deburr the edges.
glosses: To remove burrs from (a workpiece).
glosses: To remove debris from (raw wool).
Derived terms: deburrer
home stretch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: home stretches
form: homestretch
Senses: synonyms: home straight
final stretch
glosses: The final part of a racecourse from the last curve to the finish line.
examples: text: I think we're finally on the home stretch with this project.
synonyms: home straight
final stretch
glosses: The final part of a distance or the final effort needed to finish.
Related terms: smell the barn
chill out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: chills out
form: chilling out
form: chilled out
form: chilled out
Etymology: From chill and out.
Senses: examples: text: Since I'm between projects, I think I'll just chill out.
text: I wish I could chill out about the neighbor's barking dog, but it wakes me up every night.
text: You should chill out on the fatty foods.
text: Chill out, whatcha yelling for?
ref: 2002 April 23, Avril Lavigne, Lauren Christy, Graham Edwards, Scott Spock, “Complicated”, in Let Go, performed by Avril Lavigne, Arista Records:
text: Ed: Chill out. Everyone's all right. / Shaun: Stop telling me to chill out!
ref: 2004, Simon Pegg, Edgar Wright, Shaun of the Dead (motion picture):
text: A girl […]telling her friend, “I met her at a party three weeks ago, but now she’s like e-mailing me and I’m just like, chill out, bitch!”
ref: 2004 January 2, Ariel Levy, “Where the Bois Are”, in New York Magazine:
synonyms: chill
glosses: To relax or take time out; to calm down; reduce or go easy on something.
examples: text: Hey, we should chill out together this weekend.
synonyms: chill
hang out
glosses: To hang out; spend time together with another person or group.
Related terms: chillout
chill
take a chill pill
chillax
unwind
chill out
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chill outs
Etymology: From chill and out.
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of chillout.
cold call
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cold calls
form: cold-call
Senses: examples: text: I got a cold call in the middle of dinner from someone trying to sell roofing and siding because they're allegedly working in my area this week.
glosses: A sales call either by telephone or personal presence, made without a referral or without preparing the recipient of the call.
Related terms: unqualified prospect
cold call
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: cold calls
form: cold calling
form: cold called
form: cold called
form: cold-call
Senses: glosses: To call someone without preparation or referral.
Derived terms: cold caller
cold calling
Related terms: cold email
nuisance call
out of the blue
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Pronunciation: ipa: /aʊt ɒv ðə bluː/
Etymology: Short for out of the blue sky, likening an unexpected event to lightning or rain coming suddenly from a cloudless sky.
Senses: examples: text: After I hadn’t heard from her in six months, she called me out of the blue to meet for lunch.
text: I really can't understand how something like this could simply pop up out of the blue.
text: I deckhanded on a fish boat for four years and knew no fisherman likes to be called out of the blue and have his numbers demanded!
ref: 2004, Stephen Hume, A Stain Upon the Sea: West Coast Salmon Farming, →ISBN, page 210:
text: Just as it appeared Arsenal had taken the sting out of the tie, Johnson produced a moment of outrageous quality, thundering a bullet of a left foot shot out of the blue and into the top left-hand corner of Wojciech Szczesny's net with the Pole grasping at thin air.
ref: 2011 January 19, Jonathan Stevenson, “Leeds 1 - 3 Arsenal”, in BBC:
glosses: Unexpectedly; without warning or preparation.
Related terms: bolt from the blue
just like that
next thing one knows
out of nowhere
thin air
sneak peek
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sneak peeks
Senses: examples: text: Visit the website for a sneak peek of their new movie.
glosses: A preview, especially of something not yet public.
Related terms: sneak preview
seventh inning stretch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: seventh inning stretches
Senses: topics: ball-games
baseball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A more extended than usual break taken between the top half and the bottom half of the seventh inning.
get cold feet
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɡɛt ˈkəʊld fiːt/
ipa: /ˌɡɛt ˈkoʊld fit/
Forms: form: gets cold feet
form: getting cold feet
form: got cold feet
form: got cold feet
form: gotten cold feet
Senses: examples: text: As we accelerate after leaving Didcot, we pass a lot of masts erected for wires that have not yet materialised - and probably won't for years to come. That's because halfway through the Great Western Electrification Programme, ministers suddenly got cold feet as the cost escalated.
ref: 2020 July 12, Christian Wolmar, “Cab ride reveals the pluses and minuses of Oxford route”, in RAIL, number 987, page 44:
glosses: To develop cold feet, in the sense of nervousness about going through with something.
get one's feet wet
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gets one's feet wet
form: getting one's feet wet
form: got one's feet wet
form: got one's feet wet
form: gotten one's feet wet
Senses: examples: text: Let the new hire do that project so she can get her feet wet.
text: Why don't you try getting your feet wet on the beginner slopes.
text: Thomas barely got his feet wet at the Education Department before he was sworn in nine months later as EEOC commissioner.
ref: 1991 September 9, Sharon LaFraniere, “Despite achievement, Thomas felt isolated”, in Washington Post, retrieved 14 Aug 2018:
text: These programs, often offered by community colleges and vocational schools, can offer students a way to get their feet wet in the medical field without committing to the years of school and expertise it takes to become a doctor.
ref: 2011 May 24, Kayla Webley, “Health and Medical Preparatory Programs”, in Time, retrieved 14 Aug 2018:
glosses: To begin gaining experience; to tentatively try something new.
Related terms: dip one's toe in the water
see-through
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more see-through
form: most see-through
form: seethrough
form: see-thru
Etymology: Deverbal from see through.
Senses: examples: text: If you are planning to wear a see-through dress, wear something underneath.
glosses: Transparent or translucent; that can be seen through.
Synonyms: sense: transparent
word: clear
sense: transparent
word: diaphanous
sense: transparent
word: transparent
sense: transparent
word: sheer
sense: translucent
word: diaphanous
sense: translucent
word: sheer
Derived terms: seekini
see-throughness
Related terms: hear-through
vigilant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɪd͡ʒɪlənt/
Forms: form: more vigilant
form: most vigilant
Etymology: From French vigilant or its source, Latin vigilans, present participle of vigilare (“stay awake”), from vigil (“awake”). Doublet of vigilante, from Spanish. Displaced Old English wacor.
Senses: examples: text: Be vigilant for signs of disease in your garden.
glosses: Watchful, especially for danger or disorder; alert; wary
examples: text: von der LUTKE / Argent, a crane vigilant proper. AG. Carl von der Lutke. Arr. 1857 with the British German Crimea legion. Obtained a grant of land in the Eastern Province of the Cape Colony.
ref: 1972, C. Pama, Heraldry of South African Families: Coats of Arms/ Crests/ Ancestry:
text: [...] and sharing the same heraldry : argent, a crane, vigilant, or,[…]
ref: 1997, Saint Thomas More, More to Cranevelt, Leuven University Press, →ISBN, page 23:
topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
glosses: In vigilance.
Synonyms: sense: watchful
word: alert
sense: watchful
word: aware
sense: watchful
word: careful
sense: watchful
word: circumspect
sense: watchful
word: observant
sense: watchful
word: on the qui vive
sense: watchful
word: wakesome
sense: watchful
word: wary
sense: watchful
word: watchful
word: heedful
word: hip
word: on guard
word: on the lookout
word: on the watch
word: on watch
word: vigilant
word: wakeful
word: woke
Hypernyms: word: attentive
word: careful
word: cautious
word: reckful
Hyponyms: word: Argus-eyed
Derived terms: pharmacovigilant
vigilantly
Related terms: word: vigil
word: vigilance
word: vigilante
word: pay attention