cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
philology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒɪ/
ipa: /fɪˈlɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
ipa: /fɪˈlɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/
ipa: /fɪˈlɔl.ə.d͡ʒi/
Forms: form: philologies
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English Philologie, from Latin philologia, from Ancient Greek φιλολογίᾱ (philologíā, “love of argument or reasoning, love of learning and literature”).
Senses: examples: text: Philology and philosophy are treated as reciprocal. They exist on equal footing, and neither functions satisfactorily without the other. Their methods ... are opposite; philology attains to knowledge through induction, whereas philosophy starts from a concept. To formulate his concepts soundly, the philosopher needs an adequate fund of knowledge or data; too many philosophers ... lack a basis in knowledge or tradition
ref: 1968, John Paul Pritchard, On Interpretation and Criticism, University of Oklahoma Press:
text: […]his early philosophical studies converged with his original love of philology as he pursued the “prehistory” of Kantian critique in Descartes, Galileo, and Copernicus, back to Plato.
ref: 2016, Alan Kim, “Paul Natorp”, in Edward N. Zalta, editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
glosses: The humanistic study of texts and their languages, especially ancient or classical languages.
glosses: Historical or comparative linguistics.
examples: text: Indeed Philology properly is Terſe and Polite Learning, melior literatura (married long ſince by Martianus Capella to Mercury) being that Florid skill, containing onely the Roſes of learning, without the prickles thereof in which narrow ſenſe thorny Philoſophy is diſcharged as no part of Philology. But we take it in the larger notion as incluſive of all human liberal Studies and prepoſed to Divinity as the Porch to the Palace.
ref: a. 1662 (date written), Thomas Fuller, “Writers”, in The History of the Worthies of England, London: […] J[ohn] G[rismond,] W[illiam] L[eybourne] and W[illiam] G[odbid], published 1662, →OCLC, page 26:
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: Love and study of learning and literature, broadly speaking.
Synonyms: word: philology
Derived terms: classical philology
cognitive philology
comparative philology
philologaster
philologer
philologian
philological
philologically
philologise
philologist
philologize
piphilology
textual philology
Related terms: word: logophilia
word: classical studies
word: higher criticism
word: linguistics
word: literary criticism
word: lower criticism
word: philosophy
word: textual criticism
word: :Category:en:Humanities
word: Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class IV § 560. Language
uppity
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpəti/
Forms: form: uppitier
form: uppitiest
form: uppedy
form: uppety
Etymology: From earlier uppedy, equivalent to up + -ed + -y; compare blackity, biggity, and hippity (and possibly also persnickety, pernickety). First attested around 1880 in Uncle Remus by Joel Chandler Harris to describe Jack Sparrer (Jack Sparrow), who tattled on Br'er Rabbit (see quotations below). Compare uppish.
Senses: examples: text: "Hit wuz wunner dese yer uppity little Jack Sparrers, I speck," said the old man; "dey wuz allers bodder'n' longer udder fokes's bizness
ref: 1881, Joel Chandler Harris, Uncle Remus: His Songs and His Sayings; the Folk-lore of the Old Plantation:
synonyms: word: airy
word: arrogant
word: authoritarian
word: biggity
word: big-headed
word: blustery
word: boastful
word: bombastic
word: buggish
word: cocky
word: conceited
word: disdainful
word: domineering
word: egotistical
word: entitled
word: flatulent
word: flaunting
word: full of oneself
word: grandiose
word: hankty
word: haught
word: haughty
word: haut
word: high-handed
word: high-hat
word: high and mighty
word: highfalutin
word: hoity-toity
word: holier-than-thou
word: imperious
word: inflated
word: insolent
word: la-di-da
word: ostentatious
word: overbearing
word: overweening
word: pompous
word: presumptuous
word: pretentious
word: priggish
word: puffed up
word: sanctimonious
word: self-important
word: snobbish
word: snooty
word: snotty
word: stout
word: stuck up
word: supercilious
word: thrasonic
word: thrasonical
word: toploftical
word: toplofty
word: tumid
word: turgid
word: uppish
word: uppity
word: uppy
word: upstage
word: vain
glosses: Presumptuous, above oneself, self-important; arrogant, snobbish, haughty.
examples: text: And the Yankees are very upset because so many uppity darkies have been killed recently.
ref: 1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC, part IV, page 562:
text: The Association was openly committed to "restoring the historical balance of power intended by our Founders" between the nobility and the uppity commoners […]
ref: 1993, David Weber, On Basilisk Station, Paperback edition (Sci-Fi), →ISBN, page 141:
glosses: Exceeding one's station or position, assuming prerogatives to which one is not entitled.
Related terms: know one's place
Americana
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˌmɛɹɪˈkænə/
ipa: /əˌmɛɹɪˈkɑːnə/
ipa: /əˌmɛɹɪˈkeɪnə/
rhymes: -ɑːnə
Etymology: From America + -ana.
Senses: examples: text: Today Coke exists as nostalgic brand, harking back to the day when the drink enjoyed its peak iconic stature. Coke now stands for 1950s Americana.
ref: 2004, D. B. Holt, How Brands Become Icons, Harvard Business Press, →ISBN, page 27:
text: The Clovis Limit, her shop in Portobello Road, dealt exclusively in Americana.
ref: 2014, William Gibson, “The Clovis Limit”, in The Peripheral, G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN:
text: Recycling Americana through predigested pop culture makes Monster Trucks seem indebted to Amblin movies of the ’80s, by way of the boy-and-his-car riff on those same movies Michael Bay half-assedly performed in the first Transformers.
ref: 2017 January 12, Jesse Hassenger, “A literal monster truck is far from the stupidest thing about Monster Trucks”, in The Onion AV Club:
hyponyms: Californiana
glosses: All things peculiar to the culture and people of the United States; anything that is a symbol of American life.
examples: text: The music that became Americana crossed racial lines very early, becoming one of the major integrating forces in America. The chapter shows how artists such as Buddy Holly and the Everly Brothers were creating and playing Americana long before we had a name for what they were doing.
ref: 2017, Michael Scott Cain, The Americana Revolution, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page xxx:
text: A quarter-century later, the Band’s music provided a key template for the acts first labeled Americana, including Son Volt, Wilco and Lucinda Williams, as well as for their sonic heirs.
ref: [2023 August 9, “Robbie Robertson, 80, Dies; Canadian Songwriter Captured American Spirit”, in The New York Times:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
synonyms: alternative country
alt-country
glosses: An amalgam of roots musics formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the American musical ethos; specifically those sounds that are merged from folk, country, blues, rhythm and blues, rock and roll and other external influential styles.
ingress
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪŋɡɹɛs/
ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹɛs/
rhymes: -ɛs
Forms: form: ingresses
Etymology: From Latin ingressus, from the verb ingredior.
Senses: examples: text: Looking about him while in this state of suspense, Charles Darnay observed that the gate was held by a mixed guard of soldiers and patriots, the latter far outnumbering the former; and that while ingress into the city for peasants’ carts bringing in supplies, and for similar traffic and traffickers, was easy enough, egress, even for the homeliest people, was very difficult.
ref: 1859, Charles Dickens, “In Secret”, in A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book III (The Track of a Storm), page 168:
text: Now could be beheld that change from the handsome to the curious which the features of a wood undergo at the ingress of the winter months.
ref: 1886 May – 1887 April, Thomas Hardy, chapter VII, in The Woodlanders […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
text: I could find no means of ingress. Every window and door was fastened and locked, and I returned baffled to the porch.
ref: 1897, Bram Stoker, Dracula, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:
text: Accordingly, anti-Israeli terrorists turned to city transport. Railway systems depend on easy ingress and egress at numerous points along the route.
ref: 2005 July 22, Mark Lawson, “Public enemy number two”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
antonyms: egress
glosses: The act of entering.
examples: text: All ingress was prohibited.
text: My fingers clawed futilely at the unyielding portal, while my eyes sought in vain for a duplicate of the button which had given us ingress. And then, from unseen lips, a cruel and mocking peal of laughter rang through the desolate place.
ref: 1913 January–May, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Gods of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as The Gods of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., September 1918, →OCLC:
glosses: A permission to enter.
antonyms: egress
glosses: A door or other means of entering.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: The entrance of the Moon into the shadow of the Earth in eclipses, or the Sun's entrance into a sign, etc.
Derived terms: ingressive
ingress, egress, and regress
Related terms: ingredient
ingress
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪŋɡɹɛs/
ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹɛs/
rhymes: -ɛs
Forms: form: ingresses
form: ingressing
form: ingressed
form: ingressed
Etymology: From Latin ingressus, from the verb ingredior.
Senses: examples: text: "Were you asleep? Did I disturb you?" he would ask, seeing Fyodor flat on his back on the sofa, and then, ingressing entirely, he would shut the door tightly behind him and sit by Fyodor 's feet
ref: 1963, Vladimir Nabokov, The Gift: A Novel, page 198:
text: When the tub was full I ingressed into the water gently, insinuating my body in a bit at a time, enjoying the sensual pleasure of the extreme heat on the lower part of my body […]
ref: 2001, Lynda Schor, “My Death”, in Moyra Davey, editor, Mother Reader, →ISBN, page 310:
glosses: To intrude or insert oneself
examples: text: "We ingressed North Vietnam over Cam Pha on a westerly heading," reported Captain Madden.
ref: 1976, The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia: Aces and Aerial Victories, page 108:
text: We were ingressing the target area.
ref: 1998, Michael William Donnelly, Falcon's Cry, →ISBN, page 93:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: To enter (a specified location or area)
examples: text: The middle of March finds " Mars ingressing upon the 16th degree of Capricorn, where the sun has arrived in the nativity of Lord Palmerston," […]
ref: 1861 December 28, “Almanacs”, in All the Year Round, volume VI:
topics: astrology
human-sciences
mysticism
philosophy
sciences
glosses: To enter into a zodiacal sign
raw_tags: of a planet
qualifier: Whiteheadian metaphysics
glosses: To manifest or cause to be manifested in the temporal world; to effect ingression
Derived terms: ingression
ingressive
ingressor
Related terms: congress
egress
progress
regress
retrogress
beamer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbiːmə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈbimɚ/
rhymes: -iːmə(ɹ)
Forms: form: beamers
Etymology: From beam (“balance beam”) + -er.
Senses: topics: gymnastics
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A gymnast proficient with or specializing in the balance beam.
beamer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbiːmə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈbimɚ/
rhymes: -iːmə(ɹ)
Forms: form: beamers
Etymology: From beam (“project, transmit”) + -er (agent noun suffix), or, for the ball, + -er (patient suffix).
Senses: topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A ball, presumed to have been bowled accidentally, that does not bounce, but reaches the batsman above the waist.
examples: text: The plan can be projected on to a white board, […] or by using a beamer (data projector).
ref: 2004, John Rodney Turner, Managing Web Projects, →ISBN, page 210:
qualifier: chiefly non-native speakers' English
glosses: A projector.
examples: text: For several days he went about his charge with disgust, trying everything he could to avoid the stench of rotting vegetation and of human feces, which was overpowering even as it all burned under the plasma from his beamer.
ref: 2013, Paul Alcorn, The Rhoedraegon Chronicles: Book Two:
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: A device that projects or transmits matter, information, or energy.
examples: text: Get your pre-smile working, move toward him, shake hands, glue eyes […] and then launch your beamer, a big, toothy (uppers and lowers showing) grin.
ref: 2005, Judsen Culbreth, The Boomer's Guide to Online Dating, page 162:
glosses: A big smile.
Related terms: topics: baseball
ball-games
games
sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: beaner
beamer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbiːmə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈbimɚ/
rhymes: -iːmə(ɹ)
Forms: form: beamers
Etymology: Clipping of BMW + -er
Senses: synonyms: beemer
bimmer
BMW
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of Beamer (“BMW”).
open outsourcing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Reporting mobile apps like FixMaVille use an open outsourcing strategy, which means that a citizen can contribute to describe a located situation for further urban services interventions. However, in this case, the interaction between the citizen and the city is limited to a simple report.
ref: 2017, Myriam Servières et al., “Mobile Devices and Urban Ambiances:”, in Barbara E.A. Piga, Rossella Salerno, editors, Urban Design and Representation: A Multidisciplinary and Multisensory Approach, Springer, page 215:
text: Nowadays Burel Factory manufactures burel fabrics, with new weavers, carders and dressmakers. The majority of the workers in the factory are from this region and holders of the ancestral knowledge in the production of the burel fabric.
The artisans work in partnership with several designers integrated into the project, in an open outsourcing system, producing creative burel products both for home and clothing.
ref: 2020, A. Moreira da Silva, “Sustainability through design creativity”, in Intelligence, Creativity and Fantasy, Taylor and Francis, page 220:
text: The digital transformation has revolutionised the way in which we work, permitting the appearance of new ways of organising work and production, such as teleworking, the delocation of functions, cross-border outsourcing and subcontracting, worldwide supply chains, the open outsourcing of tasks based on the Internet or crowdworking, among others.
ref: 2021, María Aránzazu de las Heras García, “AI Implications for the Future of Work”, in Ana Landeta Echeberria, editor, Artificial Intelligence for Business: Innovation, Tools and Practices, Springer, page 98:
glosses: Crowdsourcing.
albedo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ælˈbi.doʊ/
Forms: form: albedos
form: albedoes
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin albēdō (“whiteness”).
Senses: examples: text: For track, painting rails white at weak points that are more prone to buckling (where the 'critical rail temperature' is close to the 'stress free temperature' [...]) increases their albedo and can help slow how quickly they heat up, reducing their temperature by perhaps five degrees or so.
ref: 2022 August 10, Gareth Dennis, “How can we run trains when the heat is on?”, in RAIL, number 963, page 45:
topics: astronomy
climatology
engineering
meteorology
natural-sciences
optics
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The fraction of incident light or radiation reflected by a surface or body, commonly expressed as a percentage.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: The whitish inner portion of the rind of citrus fruits that is a source of pectin, commonly referred to as the pith.
topics: alchemy
pseudoscience
synonyms: leucosis
coordinate_terms: nigredo
citrinitas
rubedo
glosses: One of the four major stages of the magnum opus, involving purification of the prima materia.
Derived terms: albedo feature
albedometer
ice-albedo feedback
terrestrial albedo
pushover
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʊʃəʊvə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: pushovers
Etymology: A deverbal from push over. First use appears c. 1891 in the Galveston Daily News.
Senses: examples: text: I'm a pushover when it comes to buying new kitchen gadgets.
text: “His [Helmut Newton's] women are strong and powerful, definitely not pushovers,” he says.
ref: 2024 May 4, Melanie Gerlies, quoting Simon de Pury, “New claimant to €35 mn Klimt emerges”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 18:
glosses: Someone who is easily swayed or influenced to change their mind or comply.
glosses: Someone who is easy to push around and to take advantage of; someone who lets themselves be picked on or bullied without defending or standing up for themselves.
glosses: Something that is easy to do or accomplish; an easy task.
Synonyms: sense: someone who is easily swayed or influenced
word: little girl
sense: someone who is easily swayed or influenced
word: mollusc
sense: someone who is easily swayed or influenced
word: nose of wax
sense: someone who lets themselves be picked on or bullied
word: nestle-cock
word: softy
word: wuss
word: milksop
Derived terms: pushoverness
Related terms: cave
cave in
give in
pullover
turn the other cheek
metate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /mɛˈtɑːteɪ/
Forms: form: metates
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish metate, from a Nahuan language, from Proto-Nahuan *metlatl.
Senses: examples: text: Each evening, when he returned home, he found that María he prepared some new treat, for she was a most ingenious woman, capable of transforming the poorest materials into something delicious, and he grew to love the tortillas she made so patiently, kneeling before the stone metate as she beat the boiled corn into the gray-white mixture she later baked on the flat rocks.
ref: 1985, James A. Michener, chapter V, in Texas, page 326:
glosses: A flat stone with a slightly concave surface, used with another stone (a mano) for grinding maize or other grains.
ones' complement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ones' complements
Senses: examples: The ones' complement of 0xAAAA is 0x5555 on a 16-bit machine, and 0xFFFF5555 on a 32-bit machine.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The number obtained by subtracting a given n-digit binary number from 2ⁿ-1 (which yields the same result as the logical complement).
examples: Computers that use ones' complement arithmetic have two representations for zero, all 0's and all 1's.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The convention by which bit patterns with high bit 0 represent positive numbers from 0 to 2ⁿ⁻¹-1 directly, while bit patterns with high bit 1 represent negative numbers from 0 to -(2ⁿ⁻¹-1), n being the word size of the machine, and the numeric complement of a number is its ones' complement.
Synonyms: logical complement
Related terms: complement
diminished radix complement
two's complement
two's complement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: two's complements
Senses: examples: text: The two's complement of 0xAAAA is 0x5556 on a 16-bit machine, and 0xFFFF5556 on a 32-bit machine.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The number obtained by complementing every bit of a given number and adding one. A number and its complement add to 2ⁿ, where n is the word size of the machine.
examples: text: Nearly all modern computers use two's complement for integer arithmetic.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The convention by which bit patterns with high bit 0 represent positive numbers from 0 to 2ⁿ⁻¹-1 directly, while bit patterns with high bit 1 represent negative numbers from −1 to -2ⁿ⁻¹, n being the word size of the machine, and the numeric complement of a number is its two's complement.
Related terms: complement
radix complement
numeric complement
ones' complement
signed magnitude
logical complement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: logical complements
Senses: examples: text: The logical complement of 0xAAAA is 0x5555 on a 16-bit machine, and 0xFFFF5555 on a 32-bit machine.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The number, obtained by complementing every bit of a given number, which produces all ones when exclusive ored with the given number.
Synonyms: ones' complement
Related terms: complement
numeric complement
numeric complement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: numeric complements
Senses: examples: text: The numeric complement of -123 is 123.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The number obtained by changing the numeric sign of a number. This may or may not be the twos complement, depending on the way numbers are stored.
Related terms: complement
signed magnitude
two's complement
signed magnitude
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The IEEE standard for floating point uses signed magnitude for the mantissa.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The convention by which one bit in the representation of a number indicates the numeric sign, while the rest indicate the magnitude.
Related terms: floating point
negative zero
positive zero
negative zero
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: negative zeros
form: negative zeroes
Senses: examples: text: One must take care in handling negative zero in comparisons.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A signed magnitude representation of zero in which the sign bit indicates a negative number.
Related terms: positive zero
positive zero
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: positive zeros
form: positive zeroes
Senses: examples: text: When not otherwise noted, "zero" will mean "positive zero" here.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A signed magnitude representation of zero in which the sign bit indicates a positive number.
Related terms: negative zero
signed magnitude
sign bit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sign bits
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The bit in the representation of a number indicating whether it is negative or positive; applicable to both twos complement and signed magnitude representations.
Related terms: signed magnitude
twos complement
valentine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvaləntaɪn/
Forms: form: valentines
Etymology: From Saint Valentine's Day (“day of celebration of romantic love”).
Senses: examples: text: Such an extravagant valentine was unexpected.
glosses: An expression of affection, especially romantic affection, usually in the form of greeting card, gift, or message given the object of one's affection, especially on February 14th.
examples: text: Won't you be my valentine?
glosses: A person to whom a valentine is given or from whom it is received, especially on February 14th.
Synonyms: Valentine
Valentine's
valentine's
Derived terms: valentining
Related terms: Saint Valentine
Saint Valentine Day
Saint Valentine's Day
Valentine
Valentine Day
Valentine's Day
vinegar valentine
electronics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛl.ɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪks/
ipa: /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪks/
ipa: /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/
rhymes: -ɒnɪks
Forms: form: electronics
Etymology: From electron + -ics.
Senses: examples: text: Electronics is a popular subject.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles or by converting the flow of charged particles to or from other forms of energy.
examples: text: Look at all the electronics in this room!
glosses: Devices which require the flow of electrons through conductors and semiconductors in order to perform their function; devices that operate on electrical power (battery or outlet)
examples: text: The electronics is the difference between a modern and an old-fashioned thermostat.
text: The electronics are completely updated.
glosses: Electronic circuitry.
Derived terms: acoustoelectronics
animatronics
atomtronics
avionics
bioelectronics
bionics
caloritronics
civionics
conetronics
cryoelectronics
digital electronics
dildonics
gizmotronics
Intel
magnetoelectronics
mechatronics
mecomtronics
moletronics
nanoelectronics
nonelectronics
optoelectronics
ovonics
power electronics
psychoelectronics
psychotronics
quantum electronics
radioelectronics
radionics
spintronics
stereoelectronics
straintronics
structronics
thermoelectronics
twistronics
Related terms: electronic
electronic calculator
electronic games
culinary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkʌlɪn(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /ˈkʌlɪˌnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈk(j)ulɪˌnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈkʊlɪˌnɛɹi/
Forms: form: more culinary
form: most culinary
Etymology: Borrowed from French culinaire, itself a borrowing from Latin culīnārius, from culīna (“kitchen”).
Senses: examples: text: Her culinary skills were excellent.
glosses: Relating to the practice of cookery or the activity of cooking.
glosses: Of or relating to a kitchen.
Synonyms: sense: of or related to the act or art of cooking
word: cooking
sense: of or related to the act or art of cooking
word: coquinary
sense: of or related to the act or art of cooking
word: culinarian
sense: of or related to the act or art of cooking
word: magirological
sense: of or related to the act or art of cooking
word: magiristic
sense: of or related to the act or art of cooking
word: magiric
Derived terms: culinarian
culinarily
culinary art
culinary linguistics
ethnoculinary
medicoculinary
nonculinary
Related terms: cook
kiln
recipe
threads
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɹɛdz/
ipa: /θɾ̪̊ɛdz/
rhymes: -ɛdz
Senses: glosses: plural of thread
threads
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɹɛdz/
ipa: /θɾ̪̊ɛdz/
rhymes: -ɛdz
Senses: examples: text: Mark Zuckerberg is revamping his public image with new threads. With a trio of bold shirts worn in recent appearances, he’s communicating that he came, he saw, he conquered and he will win again at any cost.
ref: 2024 September 28, Blake Montgomery, “Zuckerberg Augustus: Meta’s emperor rebrands in new clothes”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Clothes, clothing.
threads
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /θɹɛdz/
ipa: /θɾ̪̊ɛdz/
rhymes: -ɛdz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of thread
stad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stads
Etymology: From Afrikaans and Dutch stad (“city, town”), from Middle Dutch stat, from Old Dutch stad, from Proto-Germanic *stadiz (“place”), from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis (“standing, position”). Doublet of stead.
Senses: glosses: town, village
leg before wicket
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Describing the way of getting out in which the ball would have hit the batsman's wicket, but hits the batsman's legs or more rarely another part of the batsman's body without first hitting the bat or a hand holding the bat.
leg before wicket
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: leg before wickets
Senses: examples: text: Spinners get the most leg before wickets in all forms.
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: An instance of a batsman being out due to the leg before wicket law.
Synonyms: word: LBW
sundry
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌndɹi/
Forms: form: sundries
Etymology: The adjective is derived from Middle English sondri, sondry, syndry (“individually; occasionally; separately; variously”) [and other forms], from Old English syndriġ (“alone, distinct, separate, single; sundry, various; concerning a single person, own, particular, peculiar, private; exceptional, remarkable, set apart, special; (distributive) one each”) [and other forms], from sundor (“differently; privately; separate, separately”) (from Proto-Germanic *sundraz (“alone, isolated; separate”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *senH- (“apart; for oneself; without”)) + -iġ (“suffix forming adjectives”). The English word is analysable as sunder + -y.
The noun and pronoun are derived from the adjective.
Cognates
* Dutch zonderlijk (“separate”) (rare), Dutch afzonderlijk (“separate”)
* Low German sunderig (“single; special”)
* Middle High German sunderig (“private; separate; special”)
* Swedish söndrig (“broken; tattered”)
Senses: examples: text: The not underſtanding of which has made ſundry in vain attempt to predict events foretold, in the Apocalypſe to the accurateneſs of a Prophetical Day, […]
ref: 1680, Henry More, “Notes. Chapter XII. Vers[e] 6.”, in Apocalypsis Apocalypseos; or The Revelation of St John the Divine Unveiled. […], London: […] J. M. for J[ohn] Martyn, and W. Kettilby, […], →OCLC, page 123:
text: To be the bride of Christ was the thought that filled her heart; and when, at the fencing of the tables Doctor Chrystal preached from Matthew nine and fifteen, "Can the children of the bride-chamber mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them?" it was remarked by sundry that Ailie's face was liker the countenance of an angel than of a mortal lass.
ref: 1902 January, John Buchan, “The Outgoing of the Tide”, in The Watcher by the Threshold, and Other Tales, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, published 1902, →OCLC, page 234:
glosses: Various people or things; several.
sundry
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌndɹi/
ipa: /ˈsʌndɹi/
ipa: /ˈsɪndɹɪ/
ipa: /ˈsʌn-/
ipa: /ˈsʌndɹi/
Forms: form: more sundry
form: most sundry
form: sindry
Etymology: From Middle English sondri, sondry, syndri (“individually; now and then, occasionally; physically apart, separately; variously”) [and other forms], from Old English syndrige [and other forms], from Old English syndriġ (adjective): see further at etymology 1.
Cognates
* Old High German suntarīgo
Senses: examples: text: [O]ur joynts have almost been pulled sundry, with driving in hackney coaches throu all corners, amongst our great men, for some weeks; […]
ref: 1712 April 28 (Gregorian calendar), Thomas Blackwell, “XIV. Mr. Blackwell to Provost Ross.”, in John Stuart, editor, The Miscellany of the Spalding Club, volume I, Aberdeen: […] [William Bennett] for the Club, published 1841, →OCLC, part IV (Letters from Professor Blackwell, and Others, to John Ross of Arnage, Provost of Aberdeen), page 220:
glosses: Synonym of asunder (“into separate parts or pieces”).
synonyms: word: asunder
extra: into separate parts or pieces
examples: text: [T]he church of Epheſus, or, of any certain place, includeth all the profeſſors living there; they are accounted of that church, and no other, as providence hath put them together: and the churches are divided as they live ſundry.
ref: 1658, James Durham, “Lecture V”, in A Learned and Complete Commentary upon the Book of the Revelation. […], Glasgow: […] David Niven, for James Spencer, […], published 1788, →OCLC, paragraph 5, page 51, column 1:
glosses: Placed separately; apart.
examples: text: Theſe three in theſe three rovvmes did ſondry dvvell, / And counſelled faire Alma, hovv to gouerne vvell.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 48, page 320:
glosses: Individually, separately; sundrily.
all and sundry
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Senses: examples: text: And decerns and declares all and sundry, who either gainsay the word of the evangel [...] to be no members of the said kirk within this realm, and true religion presently professed, so long as they keep themselves so divided from the society of Christ's body.
ref: 1581, Alexander Henderson, Archibald Johnston, National Covenant of the Church of Scotland:
text: Miss Phyllis Morgan, as the hapless heroine dressed in the shabbiest of clothes, appears in the midst of a gay and giddy throng; she apostrophises all and sundry there, including the villain, and has a magnificent scene which always brings down the house, and nightly adds to her histrionic laurels.
ref: 1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Affair at the Novelty Theatre”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:
text: From morning till night you saw her sitting on a low chair in the kitchen, surrounded by a Chinese cook and two or three native girls, giving her orders, chatting sociably with all and sundry, and tasting the savoury messes she devised.
ref: 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, “chapter 49”, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:
glosses: All; everyone.
qualifier: separately
glosses: Each one.
Synonyms: one and all
refrigerate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒəɹeɪt/
Forms: form: refrigerates
form: refrigerating
form: refrigerated
form: refrigerated
Etymology: From participle stem of Latin refrigerō (“to make cold”), from re- + frigerō.
Senses: examples: text: [T]he other [artery] goes to the lungs, to fetch air to refrigerate the heart.
ref: 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
text: They vvould go over board vvith a Rope faſtned about them, that by drenching themſelves a vvhile in the Sea, they might eaſe the internal Heat vvhich parched them; and vvhen they ſtood any of them to ſteer the Veſſel, they vvould have their Feet in a Pail of Sea VVater to refrigerate 'em.
ref: 1702, Cotton Mather, “[Book VI (Thaumaturgus: […]).] Chapter I. Christus Super Aquas: Relating Wonderful Sea Deliverances.”, in Magnalia Christi Americana: Or, the Ecclesiastical History of New-England, from Its First Planting in the Year 1620. unto the Year of Our Lord, 1698. […], London: […] Thomas Parkhurst, […], →OCLC, section VI (Sore Calamities at Sea Survived), page 5, column 2:
text: Persons born in winter are, so to say, of a cold and frosty disposition and can thereby exert a refrigerating influence on the temperature of the air.
ref: 1900, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 2, page 104:
glosses: To make (someone or something) cool; to cool down.
examples: text: Please refrigerate your uncooked meats at or below 40° Fahrenheit.
synonyms: fridge
glosses: To keep (something) cool by containing within a refrigerator.
Related terms: refrigerant
refrigeration
refrigerator
Hollywood
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: hŏlʹ-ē-wo͝od
ipa: /ˈhɒ.li.wʊd/
ipa: /ˈhɑ.li.wʊd/
rhymes: -ɒliwʊd
Forms: form: more Hollywood
form: most Hollywood
Etymology: The name of the neighbourhood in Los Angeles (sense 1) was coined by real estate developer H. J. Whitley, from holly + wood. By metonymy, it became the name of the industry, and eventually also a name for decadence.
Senses: examples: text: As many critics pointed out, the timely (but mostly tame and light) comedy was not too controversial, but too popular, too American, and too Hollywood to headline a festival that was scheduled to screen the likes of Robert Bresson's Un Feme Douce, Jean-Luc Godard's Le Gai Savior, Eric Rohmer's My Night at Maud's, Agnes Varda's Lion's Love, Paola Pier Pasolini's Pigpen, and Bo Widenberg's Adelen '31.
ref: 2002, Jon E. Lewis, Hollywood v. Hard Core: How the Struggle Over Censorship Created the Modern Film Industry, pages 168–169:
text: What did they say when they shipped you away to fight somebody's Hollywood war?
ref: 2007, Jason Isbell, Dress Blues:
text: The film is at once too Hollywood and too realistic. It is tied to genre conventions while stylistically following the new code of realism, especially with regard to mise-en-scène and performance.
ref: 2013, Marc Raymond, Hollywood's New Yorker: The Making of Martin Scorsese, page 68:
glosses: Resembling or relating to the Hollywood movie industry.
examples: text: A Time reporter called Reagan "Hollywood handsome and remarkably youthful in appearance", a candidate who had "rattled political seismographs from coast to coast."
ref: 2002, Kirse Granat May, Golden State, Golden Youth:
glosses: Of or characteristic of a Hollywood film.
Hollywood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: hŏlʹ-ē-wo͝od
ipa: /ˈhɒ.li.wʊd/
ipa: /ˈhɑ.li.wʊd/
rhymes: -ɒliwʊd
Forms: form: Hollywoods
Etymology: The name of the neighbourhood in Los Angeles (sense 1) was coined by real estate developer H. J. Whitley, from holly + wood. By metonymy, it became the name of the industry, and eventually also a name for decadence.
Senses: examples: text: If you ask the woman who does your waxing she will tell you that everyone is asking for Brazilians or Hollywoods, including Gwyneth Paltrow […]
ref: 2009, Shane Watson, How to Meet a Man After Forty and Other Midlife Dilemmas:
glosses: A waxing practice that removes all of the pubic hair, unlike a Brazilian which leaves a small strip behind.
Hollywood
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: hŏlʹ-ē-wo͝od
ipa: /ˈhɒ.li.wʊd/
ipa: /ˈhɑ.li.wʊd/
rhymes: -ɒliwʊd
Forms: form: Hollywoods
form: Hollywooding
form: Hollywooded
form: Hollywooded
Etymology: The name of the neighbourhood in Los Angeles (sense 1) was coined by real estate developer H. J. Whitley, from holly + wood. By metonymy, it became the name of the industry, and eventually also a name for decadence.
Senses: glosses: To engage in Hollywooding (various senses).
Related terms: Holywood
Bollywood
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɒ.li.wʊd/
ipa: /ˈbɑ.li.wʊd/
rhymes: -ɒliwʊd
Forms: form: B'wood
Etymology: Blend of Bombay + Hollywood.
Senses: examples: text: Bollywood is also very commonly known as both tinsel town and B-town, neither of which is listed in the dictionaries.
ref: 2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes, page 302:
glosses: The Hindi-language film industry located in Mumbai.
examples: text: Fawad Khan, an actor, singer and producer with a huge following in India, announced his Bollywood comeback last week, sending fans into a frenzy, 18 months after an Indian court effectively ruled that a de facto industry ban on Pakistani talent imposed in 2016 was illegal.
ref: 2025 April 7, Rhea Mogul, “Pakistani star’s Bollywood return excites fans and riles far right”, in CNN:
qualifier: abroad
glosses: The cinema of India in general, no matter the region.
Synonyms: alt: Mumbai-based Hindi-language film industry
word: Urduwood
Hyponyms: sense: cinema/film of India in general
word: Kollywood
sense: cinema/film of India in general
word: Tollywood
Related terms: For a complete list of Hollywood
Kollywood
Nollywood
and similar
sheebeen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sheebeens
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of shebeen.
shanty
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃænti/
rhymes: -ænti
Etymology: From Canadian French chantier (“lumberjack's headquarters”). An alternative theory that the word derives from Irish seantí (meaning "old house") is not considered likely by lexicologists.
* (unlicensed pub): New Zealand from 1848.
Senses: examples: text: That neighborhood is full of shanty Irishmen.
text: The Irish of the middle class were trying to live down the opprobrium derived from the brawling, hard-drinking, and raffish manners of the “shanty Irish” of an earlier generation. The shanty Irish might in some instances have been the individual′s own grandmother who did, indeed, smoke a clay pipe and keep a goat in what, forty years later, became Central Park. Or shanty Irish might be those fellow Irish who at the turn of the century still lived in slums and were poor, hard-drinking, and contentious.
ref: 1963, William V. Shannon, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: Living in shanties; poor, ill-mannered and violent.
shanty
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃænti/
rhymes: -ænti
Forms: form: shanties
form: shantying
form: shantied
form: shantied
Etymology: From Canadian French chantier (“lumberjack's headquarters”). An alternative theory that the word derives from Irish seantí (meaning "old house") is not considered likely by lexicologists.
* (unlicensed pub): New Zealand from 1848.
Senses: examples: text: we came down the Alleghany in two canoes , and shantied on the Ohio
ref: 1857, Samuel H. Hammond, Wild Northern Scenes; Or, Sporting Adventures with the Rifle and the Rod:
glosses: To inhabit a shanty.
shanty
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃænti/
rhymes: -ænti
Forms: form: shanties
form: shantey
form: chanty
form: chantey
Etymology: From French chantez, imperative of chanter (“to sing”).
Senses: examples: text: A Scot called Macmillan, a man holding a master's square-rig ticket, gave me a portion of a shanty related in tune to the foregoing, and also to the British Rolling Home.
ref: 1979, Stan Hugill, Shanties from the Seven Seas: Shipboard Work-songs and Songs Used as Work-songs from the Great Days of Sail, page 192:
text: Today, shanties are a special feature of the folk music movement. The first International Shanty Festival, Shanty ′87, was held in 1987 in Krakow, Poland, with Stan Hugill, the “godfather of the shanty,” in attendance (see Folk Roots, September 1987, No. 51, “Hugill-Mania! Stan Hugill Godfather of the Shanty Mafia, Goes to Poland,” p.33ff.).
ref: 1997, Jan Ling, A History of European Folk Music, page 41:
synonyms: sea shanty
hypernyms: work song
glosses: A song sailors sing, especially in rhythm to work, to help coordinate hauling (pulling) at the same time, or to set the pace for continuous activities.
shanty
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃænti/
rhymes: -ænti
Forms: form: more shanty
form: most shanty
Senses: glosses: Jaunty; showy.
burka
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: burkas
Etymology: From Hindustani برقع / बुरक़ा (burqā), from Classical Persian برقع (burqa'), from Arabic بُرْقُع (burquʕ).
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of burqa.
burka
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: burkas
Etymology: From Russian бу́рка (búrka); further etymology is disputed.
Senses: glosses: A dress made from felt or karakul (the short curly fur of young lambs of the breed of that name), traditionally worn by men of the Caucasus region.
character encoding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: character encodings
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A well-defined correspondence between text characters and the numeric values used to represent them.
Related terms: character set
repertoire
ambit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæmbɪt/
rhymes: -æmbɪt
Forms: form: ambits
Etymology: From Late Middle English ambyte, borrowed from Latin ambitus (“circuit; circumference, perimeter; area within a perimeter; ground around a building; cycle, orbit, revolution”) (compare Late Latin ambitus (“neighbourhood; wall of a castle, monastery, or town; cloister; parish boundary”)), from ambīre + -tus (suffix forming verbal nouns from verbs). Ambīre is the present active infinitive of ambiō (“to go around, to skirt; to encircle, surround”), from ambi- (“prefix meaning ‘both, on both sides’”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- (“front; face; forehead”)) + eō (“to go, move”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey- (“to go”)). The English word is a doublet of ambitus.
Senses: glosses: The extent of actions, thoughts, or the meaning of words, etc.
examples: text: He had invited Destiny to sweep him up in her reaping, by placing himself in the ambit of her scythe; but the sharp reaping-hook had passed him by.
ref: 1913, Gilbert Parker, “‘The Alpine Fellow’”, in The Judgment House […], uniform edition, Toronto, Ont.: The Copp, Clark Co., →OCLC, book IV, pages 412–413:
glosses: The area or sphere of control and influence of something.
glosses: The boundary around a building, town, region, etc.
glosses: The circumference of something circular; also, an arc; a circuit, an orbit.
synonyms: word: curtilage
english: of a house
translation: of a house
glosses: Chiefly in the plural form ambits: the open space surrounding a building, town, etc.; the grounds or precincts of a place.
Derived terms: ambit claim
Related terms: ambitus
magnum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæɡnəm/
rhymes: -æɡnəm
Forms: form: magnums
form: magna
Etymology: From Latin magnum, neuter of magnus (“great”).
* (bottle): Ellipsis of magnum bonum.
* (handgun): Name registered 1935 by Smith & Wesson Inc., of Springfield, Massachusetts.
Senses: examples: text: So please don’t ask me when / There may be wine and roses / And magnums of champagne
ref: 2014, Leonard Cohen, “A Street”, in Popular Problems:
glosses: A bottle containing 1.5 liters of fluid, double the volume of a standard wine bottle.
topics: engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: A powerful firearm cartridge, often derived from a shorter, less powerful cartridge calibre that uses the same bullet.
examples: text: I know what you're thinking. "Did he fire six shots or only five?" Well, to tell you the truth, in all this excitement, I've kinda lost track myself. But, being as this is a .44 magnum, the most powerful handgun in the world, and would blow your head clean off, you've got to ask yourself one question: "Do I feel lucky?" Well, do ya, punk?
ref: 1971, Harry Julian Fink et al., Dirty Harry, spoken by Harry Callahan (Clint Eastwood):
glosses: A handgun that fires a cartridge of this calibre; chiefly a revolver, but rarely an autoloader firing an unusually powerful calibre.
Derived terms: belted magnum
double magnum
Related terms: bonum magnum
foramen magnum
magnum opus
opus magnum
os magnum