cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
recitation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛsɪˈteɪʃən/
ipa: /ˌɹɛsəˈteɪʃən/
ipa: /ˌɹesəˈtæɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: recitations
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French récitation, from Latin recitatio, equivalent to recite + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: The recitation will air nationally and be featured at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida.
ref: 2021 January 27, Wayne Sterling, “Youth poet laureate Amanda Gorman to recite poem before Super Bowl LV”, in CNN:
glosses: The act of publicly reciting something previously memorized.
glosses: The material recited.
examples: text: I shall now endeavor to give some account of the College.... Some then go to a recitation of the lesson they have learnt the previous evening. Some return to their rooms till the breakfast-bell, about seven or after. At eight the sludy bell rings. All must then go in their rooms and continue there, even if they have no lessons to learn, unless they attend a recitation which occupies an hour.
ref: 1882, Wayside Gleanings for Leisure Moments, Cambridge University Press, page 20:
text: 1896, Frank Norris, "The 'English Courses' of the University of California", reprinted in, 1986, Novels and Essays, Library of America, →ISBN, page 1109,
In the "announcement of courses" published annually by the faculty of the University of California the reader cannot fail to be impressed with the number and scope of the hours devoted by the students to recitations and lectures upon the subject of "literature."
text: Many of my courses, however, were offered in recitation-lecture format. We would attend class, say twice a week, and a lecture once a week. ... I do seem to recall that my recitation sections seldom had less than 40 to 50 students and my lecture classes often had upwards of 100 to 300 students.
ref: 1999 October 29, J. Levine, “Re: Debate on accreditation of Jones International”, in alt.education.distance (Usenet):
glosses: A regularly scheduled class, in a school, in which discussion occurs of the material covered in a parallel lecture.
glosses: A reiteration; a setting down, e.g. for ease of reference, of something previously established.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A part of a song's lyrics that is spoken rather than sung.
rating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪtɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈɹeɪtɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈɹeɪɾɪŋ]
rhymes: -eɪtɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of rate
rating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪtɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈɹeɪtɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈɹeɪɾɪŋ]
rhymes: -eɪtɪŋ
Forms: form: ratings
Senses: glosses: A position on a scale.
examples: text: They have a poor credit rating.
text: A self-proclaimed source of mediation and unbiased ratings of millions of businesses across the country, the BBB receives the majority of its revenue from membership fees paid by hundreds of thousands of companies. […] But through its months-long investigation of the BBB, CNNMoney found that this rating system – a key part of what the organization’s reputation is built on – is seriously flawed, with more than 100 companies in hot water with government agencies receiving A ratings
ref: 2015 September 30, Blake Ellis and Melanie Hicken, “How the Better Business Bureau rakes in millions”, in CNN Business:
glosses: An evaluation of status, especially of financial status.
examples: text: He has a high chess rating.
glosses: A number, letter, or other mark that refers to the ability of something.
examples: text: A rating, at best, is an indication of how many people saw what you gave them.
ref: 1961 May 9, Newton N. Minow, Television and the Public Interest:
glosses: A quantitative measure of the audience of a television program.
examples: text: Some 400 Russian ratings are living in the western French port, awaiting delivery of their controversial new command-and-control ship, the Vladivostok.
ref: 2014, BBC News, Huge Russian warship fascinates French in Saint-Nazaire:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A seaman in a warship.
examples: text: In the Royal Navy the ratings, in order, are: ordinary seaman, able seaman, leading seaman, petty officer and chief petty officer.
text: Fifty officers and seven hundred and fifty ratings from the two British ships were picked up by the Japanese, together with the survivors from the Pope
ref: 1950, Winston S. Churchill, “The Hinge of Fate”, in The Second World War, volume 4, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, page 149:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: An enlisted seaman not a commissioned officer or warrant officer.
Derived terms: able rating
age rating
Elo rating
gross vehicle weight rating
hourly rating
octane rating
output rating
Q rating
target rating point
carousel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkærəˈsɛl/
ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈsɛl/
ipa: /ˈkæɹəsɛl/
ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈzɛl/
Forms: form: carousels
form: carrousel
Etymology: From French carrousel, from Italian carosello, from Sicilian caruseḍḍu and/or Neapolitan carusiello. Uncertain. Some suggested a derivation from carro (“cart”), from Latin carrus, but this does not fit the criteria of an appropriate morphological reconstruction. Not believed to be related to carousal.
Senses: examples: text: That's one nice thing about carrousels^([sic]), they always play the same song.
ref: 1951 July 16, J[erome] D[avid] Salinger, chapter 25, in The Catcher in the Rye, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC:
glosses: A merry-go-round (type of ride on rotating platform).
examples: text: After collecting his suitcase at the baggage carousel, he left the airport.
glosses: A continuously revolving device for item delivery.
glosses: The rotating glass plate in a microwave oven.
topics: computing
engineering
graphical-user-interface
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A visual component that displays a horizontal series of items one at a time.
glosses: An equestrian discipline in which groups of riders make various formations.
glosses: A tilting match or tournament accompanied by games, shows, and allegorical performances.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Synonym of jukebox (“automated carousel for the storage and retrieval of tapes, CD-ROMs, etc.”).
synonyms: word: jukebox
extra: (“automated carousel for the storage and retrieval of tapes, CD-ROMs, etc.”).
Derived terms: baggage carousel
carousel fraud
carousel trade
carousel voting
ice carousel
ride the cock carousel
Related terms: merry-go-round
roundabout
whirligig
carousel
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkærəˈsɛl/
ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈsɛl/
ipa: /ˈkæɹəsɛl/
ipa: /ˌkæɹəˈzɛl/
Forms: form: carousels
form: carouseling
form: carouselling
form: carouseled
form: carouseled
form: carouselled
form: carouselled
form: carrousel
Etymology: From French carrousel, from Italian carosello, from Sicilian caruseḍḍu and/or Neapolitan carusiello. Uncertain. Some suggested a derivation from carro (“cart”), from Latin carrus, but this does not fit the criteria of an appropriate morphological reconstruction. Not believed to be related to carousal.
Senses: glosses: To revolve or change places.
carrousel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: carrousels
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of carousel.
correspond
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkɒɹɪˈspɒnd/
ipa: /ˌkɒɹəˈspɒnd/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/
ipa: /ˌkɑɹəˈspɑnd/
ipa: /ˌkɒɹəˈspɒnd/
ipa: /ˌkoɹəˈspɒnd/
note: Indic
ipa: /kərəsˈpɔɳɖ/
rhymes: -ɒnd
Forms: form: corresponds
form: corresponding
form: corresponded
form: corresponded
Etymology: From Middle French correspondre, from Latin com- (“with”) + respondeo (“to match, to answer to”), equivalent to co- + respond.
Senses: qualifier: constructed with to
glosses: To be equivalent or similar in character, quantity, quality, origin, structure, function etc.
examples: text: I've been corresponding with my German pen pal for three years.
qualifier: constructed with with
glosses: To exchange messages, especially by postal letter, over a period of time.
examples: text: He pleaded guilty to the charge, so far as acknowledging that he had corresponded with other women lately, in order to get the better of his affection for me, but the experiment had failed, and he found that he should be for ever miserable.
ref: 1751, Tobias Smollett, chapter 88, in The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, volume III:
text: When a Babylonian and his wife had a mind to correspond, they always first lit up the fuming pan, imagining it improved the passion.
ref: 1756, Thomas Amory, Life of John Buncle:
glosses: To have sex with.
Derived terms: correspondence
correspondent
voicespond
carouse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈɹaʊz/
rhymes: -aʊz
Forms: form: carouses
form: carousing
form: caroused
form: caroused
Etymology: From Middle French carousser (“to quaff, drink, swill”), from German gar aus (literally “all out, quite out”), from gar austrinken (“to drink up entirely, guzzle”). Compare German Garaus.
Senses: examples: text: We are all going to carouse at Brian's tonight.
text: The prospect of two hundred (or more) loitering and carousing patrons streaming out of the club at 1 a.m. is profoundly disturbing to us.
ref: 1986 February 15, John Cronin, “More To It Than Homophobia”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 31, page 5:
glosses: To engage in a noisy or drunken social gathering.
examples: text: If I survive this headache, I promise no more carousing at Brian’s.
text: […] the cup-bearers did fill great gems made in form of cups with ancient wine, and the Demons caroused to Lord Juss deep draughts in honour of this day of his nativity.
ref: 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, page 7:
glosses: To drink to excess.
Derived terms: carousal
carouser
carrousel
carouse
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈɹaʊz/
rhymes: -aʊz
Forms: form: carouses
Etymology: From Middle French carousser (“to quaff, drink, swill”), from German gar aus (literally “all out, quite out”), from gar austrinken (“to drink up entirely, guzzle”). Compare German Garaus.
Senses: examples: text: […] therefore forward I went with my hey-de-gaies to Ilford, where I againe reſted, and was by the people of the towne and countrey there-about very very wel welcomed, being offred carowſes in the great ſpoon, one whole draught being able at that time to haue drawne my little wit drye; […]
ref: 1600, William Kempe, Kemps nine daies vvonder, pages 4–5:
text: Had our great Pallace the capacity
To Campe this hoaſt, we all would ſup together,
And drinke Carowſes to the next dayes Fate […]
ref: c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene viii]:
text: […] he hadde ſo many eyes watching ouer him, as he coulde not drinke a full Carouſe of Sacke, but the State was aduertised thereof, within few houres after.
ref: 1612, John Davies, Discoverie of the True Causes why Ireland was never entirely subdued:
glosses: A large draught of liquor.
examples: text: The early feast and late carouse.
ref: 1725, Homer, “Book II”, in [William Broome], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], volume I, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:
text: PORSON […] would not only frequently “steal a few hours from the night,” but see out both lights and liquids, and seem none the worse for the carouse.
ref: 1835, Richard Gooch, Oxford and Cambridge Nuts to Crack, page 25:
glosses: A drinking bout; a carousal.
warship
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɔːˌʃɪp/
ipa: /ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/
homophone: worship (General American, rare)
Forms: form: warships
Etymology: From war + ship.
Senses: hypernyms: ship
<
watercraft
vessel
<
vessel
coordinate_terms: merchant ship
merchantman
armed merchantman
glosses: Any ship built or armed for naval combat.
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: A spacecraft built or armed for space warfare.
Synonyms: word: man-of-war
word: warship
word: warcraft
Hypernyms: word: watercraft
Hyponyms: word: aircraft carrier
word: battleship
word: battle-cruiser
word: capital ship
word: corvette
word: cruiser
word: destroyer
word: dreadnought
word: frigate
word: gunboat
word: monitor
word: sloop
word: ship of the line
word: torpedo boat
Related terms: word: :Category:Warships
Royal Navy
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Royal Navy
Senses: topics: government
military
nautical
politics
transport
war
synonyms: word: Andrew
glosses: The naval warfare force of the United Kingdom.
Related terms: First Sea Lord
above-board
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/
Forms: form: aboveboard
form: above board
Etymology: From above + board (“table”). First attested in 1610. Said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamblers, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table.
Senses: examples: text: fair and aboveboard
text: Nothing illegal about any of this to my knowledge. Indeed, this is the very above-board racket of running an independent political committee. Everyone does it. Left, right, center and none of the above. And anyway, why shouldn't a true pay-triot get paid?
ref: 2013 May 15, Stephen Lemons, “Joe Arpaio's Fave Pay-triot John Philip Sousa IV Fires Back, Makes Bank Off Peddling Joe”, in Phoenix New Times, archived from the original on 11 Mar 2019:
text: Over the weekend, Android owners were displeased to discover that Facebook had been scraping their text-message and phone-call metadata, in some cases for years, an operation hidden in the fine print of a user agreement clause until Ars Technica reported. Facebook was quick to defend the practice as entirely aboveboard—small comfort to those who are beginning to realize that, because Facebook is a free service, they and their data are by necessity the products.
ref: 2018 March 26, Maya Kosoff, “Zuckerberg hits users with the hard truth: You agreed to this”, in Vanity Fair:
glosses: In open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception.
above-board
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/
Forms: form: aboveboard
form: above board
Etymology: From above + board (“table”). First attested in 1610. Said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamblers, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table.
Senses: glosses: Honestly; openly.
Synonyms: straightforward
transparent
hull-down
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: hull down
Senses: examples: text: In the morning a homeward-bound ship passed us hull down,—the first we had seen for months; […]
ref: 1898 September, Joseph Conrad, “Youth: a Narrative”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXIV, number DCCCCXCV, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publication Co., page 319, column 2:
text: Shortly they would be hull-down.
ref: 1960, J.E. Macdonnell, Escort Ship, Sydney: Horwitz Publications, published 1972, page 30:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Of a ship: so far distant that only the masts and sails are visible above the horizon.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Of a tank: stopped with its hull protected by ground to the front, so that its occupants or weapons have a line of sight forward.
Synonyms: topics: military
war
government
politics
word: in defilade
topics: military
war
government
politics
word: defiladed
Related terms: topics: nautical
transport
word: hull-up
topics: military
war
government
politics
word: turret-down
topics: military
war
government
politics
word: turret down
hull-up
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Of a ship: at a distance such that the hull is visible above the horizon.
Related terms: hull-down
continues
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈtɪnjuːz/
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of continue
continues
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈtɪnjuːz/
Senses: glosses: plural of continue
carousal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈɹaʊzəl/
rhymes: -aʊzəl
Forms: form: carousals
Etymology: From carouse + -al.
Senses: examples: text: When Alcohol ursurps the throne, and Sober Rationality is ejected, every other consideration is lost; that of having a regular ‘spree’ alone prevails:—the excited passions proclaim for a grand carousal.
ref: 1848, John Cowen, The First and Last Days of Alcohol the Great, in the Empire of Nationolia, page 57:
text: The earth-spirit of Tema, who loved carousals, heard from afar the songs and laughter of the people on Nassau.
ref: 1929, Robert Dean Frisbee, The Book of Puka-Puka, Eland, published 2019, page 207:
synonyms: word: spree
glosses: A noisy feast or social gathering, often with much alcohol consumption.
runs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹʌnz/
rhymes: -ʌnz
Etymology: Usually said to allude to the fact that an affected person is frequently running to get to a toilet immediately. Sometimes said to allude to the runniness (runny consistency) of the stool.
Senses: glosses: plural of run
runs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹʌnz/
rhymes: -ʌnz
Etymology: Usually said to allude to the fact that an affected person is frequently running to get to a toilet immediately. Sometimes said to allude to the runniness (runny consistency) of the stool.
Senses: examples: text: He missed several days of school because he had the runs. They think it was a Norovirus infection.
text: We also had a bad case of runs since we were not used to the rich meat.
ref: 1991, Joseph A. Petak, Never Plan Tomorrow: The Saga of the Bataan Death March and Battle of Corregidor Survivors 1942-1945:
synonyms: the shits
glosses: Diarrhea/diarrhoea.
Synonyms: sense: diarrhea/diarrhoea, the squits (slang), the trots (slang), the craps (slang), the squirts (slang)
word: diarrh(o)ea
runs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹʌnz/
rhymes: -ʌnz
Etymology: Usually said to allude to the fact that an affected person is frequently running to get to a toilet immediately. Sometimes said to allude to the runniness (runny consistency) of the stool.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of run
litotes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /laɪˈtəʊ.tiːz/
enpr: lītō'tēz
Forms: form: litotes
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin lītotēs, from Ancient Greek λιτότης (litótēs, literally “plainness”), from λιτός (litós, “simple”).
Senses: examples: text: The delicacy which prompts a later generation to reject that name is by no means necessarily a result of stricter habits, is far more often due to the flatness which comes of untiring repetition and to the greater piquancy of litotes.
ref: 1895, William Congreve, “Introduction”, in G. S. Street, editor, The Comedies of William Congreve, volume 1, Methuen and Co.:
synonyms: antenantiosis
meiosis
moderatour
antonyms: hyperbole
hypernyms: irony
understatement
meiosis
glosses: A figure of speech whereby something is stated by denying its opposite.
synonyms: antenantiosis
meiosis
moderatour
antonyms: hyperbole
hypernyms: irony
understatement
meiosis
glosses: A figure of speech whereby something is stated by denying its opposite.
The negation of a negative quality to assert a positive.
Derived terms: litotic
litotical
litotically
Related terms: paradiastole
double negative
camaraderie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkæməˈɹɑːdəɹi/
ipa: /ˌkæməˈɹædəɹi/
ipa: /ˌkɑm(ə)ˈɹɑdəɹi/
ipa: /ˌkæm(ə)ˈɹɑdəɹi/
Forms: form: camaraderies
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French camaraderie.
Recent American pronunciations such as /ˌkɑməˈɹɑdəɹi/ and /ˌkɑmˈɹɑdəɹi/ are influenced by the cognate comrade.
Senses: examples: text: And regardless of their differences, they always act with such camaraderie and complicity among themselves.
ref: 2016 February 8, Marwan Bishara, “Why Obama fails the leadership test in the Middle East”, in Al Jazeera English:
glosses: Close friendship in a group of friends or teammates.
examples: text: There was not one of Napoleon's intimate friends, however high in rank, who would have ventured to indulge in the sort of camaraderie which was kept up between the Emperor and his old moustaches.
ref: 1838, Caulincourt, Napoleon and his Times, volume 1, page 175:
glosses: A spirit of familiarity and closeness, especially when expressed somewhat boisterously.
Synonyms: chumminess
comradery
comradeship
comradeliness
team spirit
Related terms: camarade
pleasurable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈplɛʒəɹəbəl/
Forms: form: more pleasurable
form: most pleasurable
Etymology: From pleasure + -able.
Senses: examples: text: The massage was a pleasurable experience.
text: c. 1620, Francis Bacon, letter of advice to Sir George Villiers
Planting of orchards is very […] pleasurable.
text: At Rome every Pleasurable Female pays a Julio per Week to the Church […]
ref: 1723, Charles Walker, Memoirs of the Life of Sally Salisbury:
text: Happiness is, therefore, a thing most excellent and noble, as well as being most pleasurable […]
ref: 1879, Walter Mooney Hatch, Edwin Hatch, The Moral Philosophy of Aristotle:
text: Impassioned pleas for pleasurable instruction appeared from the pens of such thinkers as Plato, Sidney, and Dryden, this ideal ultimately becoming one of the acknowledged cornerstones of neoclassical criticism.
ref: 1978, Charles Batten, Pleasurable Instruction, →ISBN:
text: Opiate receptors in human brains allow us to perceive pleasurable stimuli such as sweet tastes.
ref: 2006, Jonathan Balcombe, Pleasurable Kingdom: Animals and the Nature of Feeling Good, →ISBN:
text: They love good food, well prepared, truly fresh, and pleasurable.
ref: 2011, Jamie Cat Callan, French Women Don't Sleep Alone: Pleasurable Secrets to Finding Love, →ISBN:
text: This volume discusses pleasurable design — a part of the traditional usability design and evaluation methodologies.
ref: 2014, Yong Gu Ji, Sooshin Choi, Advances in Affective and Pleasurable Design, →ISBN:
glosses: That gives pleasure
Synonyms: sense: giving pleasure
word: nice
sense: giving pleasure
word: pleasant
sense: giving pleasure
word: pleasing
Derived terms: nonpleasurable
pleasurability
pleasurableness
pleasurably
unpleasurable
Related terms: pleasure
please
cannula
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkænjʊlə/
ipa: /ˈkænjələ/
ipa: /ˈkænjʊli/
ipa: /-aɪ/
ipa: /ˈkænjəli/
ipa: /-aɪ/
Forms: form: cannulas
form: cannulae
form: cannulæ
form: canula
Etymology: Borrowed from Late Latin cannula, canula (“tubular surgical instrument”), from Latin cannula (“reed; small reed- or tube-shaped object”), from canna (“cane; reed; object made from or shaped like a cane or reed”) + -ula (feminine form of -ulus (diminutive suffix). Canna is derived from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾱ (kắnnā, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm, “cane; reed”).
The plural form cannulae is borrowed from Late Latin cannulae.
Senses: examples: text: Two or three cannulæ are requisite also for washing out the sinuses.
ref: 1915, F. H. Westmacott, System of Treatment by many Writers, volume III, The Macmillan Company, page 717:
text: The cannula had come askew in his nose and he pushed it straight, his hand moving slowly, like the hand of a man who is dreaming with his eyes open.
ref: 2011, Stephen King, 11/22/63, New York: Scribner, →ISBN, page 819 of 819–820:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A tube inserted into the body to drain or inject fluid.
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A hose or tube that connects directly from an oxygen bottle or other source to the user's nose, commonly used by aircraft pilots or others needing direct oxygen breathing apparatus.
Derived terms: cannular
cannulate
cannulation
cannulise
cannulize
microcannula
nasal cannula
travesty
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: trăvʹĭs-tē
enpr: trăvʹəs-tē
ipa: /ˈtɹæv.ɪs.ti/
ipa: /ˈtɹæv.əs.ti/
Forms: form: travesties
Etymology: From French travesti (“disguised, burlesqued”), past participle of travestir (“to disguise”), borrowed from Italian travestire (“to dress up, disguise”), from tra- (“across”) + vestire (“to dress”), from Latin vestiō (“to clothe, dress”), from Proto-Italic *westis (“clothing”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis (“dressing”) from verbal root *wes- (“to dress, clothe”); cognate to English wear. Doublet of travesti.
Senses: examples: text: A battlefield trial is a travesty of justice.
text: The second edition is not a recast, but absolutely a travesty of the first.
ref: 1845, Thomas De Quincey, William Godwin:
text: In 1844, objection was raised to the Furness Railway's Dalton & Barrow line, when it was revealed that the line would pass directly through Furness Abbey. A re-route was achieved, with the line skirting the abbey ruins instead - although many continued to see the intrusion as a travesty against antiquity and the scenic beauty of the site.
ref: 2022 January 12, Dr. Joseph Brennan, “Castles: ruined and redeemed by rail”, in RAIL, number 948, page 56:
glosses: An absurd, grotesque, misrepresentative or grossly inferior likeness or imitation.
glosses: A pastiche, parody, or stylistic imitation; a burlesque literary or artistic imitation (typically of a more serious work).
examples: text: Spurs survived the scare - and such was their domination after the break that it would have been a travesty had Arsenal escaped Wembley, hosting a Premier League record attendance of 83,222, with a draw.
ref: 2018 February 10, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham Hotspur 1 - 0 Arsenal”, in BBC:
glosses: An appalling event, situation or outcome (especially in relation to another outcome to which it is grossly inferior).
Synonyms: caricature
feign
Related terms: revetment
trans-
transvestite
vest
vestry
wear
farce
travesty
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: trăvʹĭs-tē
enpr: trăvʹəs-tē
ipa: /ˈtɹæv.ɪs.ti/
ipa: /ˈtɹæv.əs.ti/
Forms: form: travesties
form: travestying
form: travestied
form: travestied
Etymology: From French travesti (“disguised, burlesqued”), past participle of travestir (“to disguise”), borrowed from Italian travestire (“to dress up, disguise”), from tra- (“across”) + vestire (“to dress”), from Latin vestiō (“to clothe, dress”), from Proto-Italic *westis (“clothing”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis (“dressing”) from verbal root *wes- (“to dress, clothe”); cognate to English wear. Doublet of travesti.
Senses: glosses: To make a travesty of; to parody.
Derived terms: travestier
docilely
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑ.səl.li/
ipa: /ˈdɑ.saɪl.li/
ipa: /ˈdɑ.sə.li/
Forms: form: more docilely
form: most docilely
Etymology: From docile + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: My uncle returns to his mess of papers, dismissing us; and I go docilely back to my sewing.
ref: 2002, Sarah Waters, chapter 7, in Fingersmith, London: Virago, →ISBN, part 2, page 194:
glosses: Submissively or obediently.
Related terms: docile
crucible
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɹuː.sɪ.bəl/
Forms: form: crucibles
Etymology: From Latin crucibulum (“night-lamp, metallurgic melting-pot”), apparently a derivative of crux (“cross”), perhaps by analogy to thūribulum (“censer”) and suffix -bulum, or from crucio (“to torment”).
Senses: examples: text: In one corner of the closet was a very small furnace, with a glowing fire in it, and on the fire a kind of duplicate crucible—two crucibles connected by a tube. One of these crucibles was nearly full of lead in a state of fusion, but not reaching up to the aperture of the tube, which was close to the brim.
ref: 1850, Edgar Allan Poe, “Von Kempelen and His Discovery”, in The Works of the Late Edgar Allan Poe:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A cup-shaped piece of laboratory equipment used to contain chemical compounds when heating them to very high temperatures.
glosses: A heat-resistant container in which metals are melted, usually at temperatures above 500°C, commonly made of graphite with clay as a binder.
glosses: The bottom and hottest part of a blast furnace; the hearth.
examples: text: But, in considering an author and his works as one, a sufficient distinction is not drawn between the ideal and the real: the last is only given by being past through the crucible of the first.
ref: 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “A First Night”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 70:
text: We should give our support to the liberation of the captive nations of the world and deliver our compatriots from their crucible of suffering. In other words, we should take up the difficult task of reshaping the world’s destiny by destroying the tyrannical Communist rule now afflicting the earth and by delivering humankind from the Red holocaust.
ref: 1973 July 22 [1973 July 17], Chiang Kai-shek, “President Chiang Kai-shek's message to the mass rally supporting Captive Nations Week”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 28, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:
text: Some of our ancestors faced trials that we will never know—the snows of Valley Forge; the crucible of a bitter, bloody civil war; and the incredible hardships endured in taming a savage wilderness.
ref: 1982 July 3, Ronald Reagan, Presidential Radio Address:
text: Beowulf's mood as he gets ready to fight the dragon - who could be read as a projection of Beowulf's own chthonic wisdom refined in the crucible of experience - recalls the mood of other tragic heroes.
ref: 1999, Seamus Heaney, “Introduction”, in Beowulf, London: Faber and Faber, page xix:
coordinate_terms: trial by fire
glosses: A very difficult and trying experience, that acts as a refining or hardening process.
Derived terms: crucible steel
Gooch crucible
Hessian crucible
family reunion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: family reunions
Senses: glosses: An infrequent gathering of family members or distant relatives who are usually geographically separated.
impetus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪm.pə.təs/
ipa: /ɪmˈpiː.təs/
Forms: form: impetuses
form: impetus
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin impetus (“a rushing upon, an attack, assault, onset”), from impetō (“to rush upon, attack”), from in- (“upon”) + petō (“to seek, fall upon”).
Senses: examples: text: The outbreak of World War II in 1939 gave a new impetus to receiver development.
text: Once set a strong mind thinking, and you have done all that it needs for its education. It matters little what is the first impetus, so that it only be set to work.
ref: 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VI, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 64:
text: In a single moment Montenegro and their supporters were given fresh impetus and encouragement. Beciraj tested Hart with a low shot before teenager Phil Jones, on his England debut, suffered an anxious moment when Stevan Jovetic went down under his challenge, leaving the youngster clearly relieved to see referee Stark wave away Montenegro's appeals.
ref: 2011, Phil McNulty, Euro 2012: Montenegro 2-2 England:
glosses: Anything that impels; a stimulating factor.
glosses: A force, either internal or external, that impels; an impulse.
glosses: The force or energy associated with a moving body; a stimulus.
topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
qualifier: medieval physics
glosses: A principle of motive force, held as equivalent to weight times velocity by John Buridan, in an auxiliary theory of Aristotelian dynamics introduced by John Philoponus, describing projectile motion against gravity as linear until it transitions to a vertical drop and the intellectual precursor to the concepts of inertia, momentum and acceleration in classical mechanics.
glosses: An activity in response to a stimulus.
Related terms: impetuous
wind at one's back
fall off a truck
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: falls off a truck
form: falling off a truck
form: fell off a truck
form: fallen off a truck
form: fall off the back of a lorry
form: fall off the back of a truck
Senses: examples: text: He said he bought it at the markets but I think it fell off a truck.
glosses: Of an item of merchandise, to come into a person's possession without having been paid for; to be acquired illegally; to have been stolen.
Synonyms: FOT
Related terms: fall off the turnip truck
auricle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔː.ɹɪk.əl/
ipa: /ˈɔɹ.ək.əl/
homophone: oracle (weak vowel merger)
Forms: form: auricles
Etymology: From Latin auricula (“the external ear”), diminutive of auris (“the ear”). Doublet of auricula.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Any appendage in the shape of an ear or earlobe.
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Any appendage in the shape of an ear or earlobe.
The outer ear or pinna.
synonyms: pinna
pavilion
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Synonym of atrium.
synonyms: word: atrium
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Synonym of atrium.
An anterior ear-shaped appendage of the left or right atrium of the human heart.
Derived terms: auricled
postauricle
retroauricle
Related terms: auricula
auricular
auriculo-
porporino
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌpɔː(ɹ)pəˈɹiːnəʊ/
Etymology: From Italian.
Senses: glosses: A composition of mercury, tin, and sulphur, forming a yellow powder, sometimes used by mediaeval artists as a cheaper alternative to gold.
Related terms: purpurin
cheaper
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Apprenticeship programmes supply the industry with an ongoing cohort of qualified talent. It is much cheaper to train new people than to pay inflated wages to attract existing talent. Apprenticeships are also a useful way of teaching the practical, hands-on skills that the modern railway needs.
ref: 2023 March 8, Neil Robertson, “Tackling the skills shortage”, in RAIL, number 978, page 33:
glosses: comparative form of cheap: more cheap
Derived terms: cheapernet
cheapest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia. The cheapest way to clear logged woodland is to burn it, producing an acrid cloud of foul white smoke that, carried by the wind, can cover hundreds, or even thousands, of square miles.
ref: 2013 June 29, “Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 29:
glosses: superlative form of cheap: most cheap
Aras an Uachtaran
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Irish From Áras an Uachtaráin, literally the hall of the president.
Senses: glosses: The official residence of the Irish president, situated in Phoenix Park in Dublin.
propose
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈpəʊz/
ipa: /pɹəˈpoʊz/
rhymes: -əʊz
Forms: form: proposes
form: proposing
form: proposed
form: proposed
Etymology: From Middle English proposen, from Anglo-Norman proposer (verb), propos (noun), Middle French proposer (verb) , propos (noun), from Latin prōpōnō, prōpōnere, with conjugation altered based on poser. Doublet of propound.
Senses: examples: text: I propose going to see a film.
text: to propose an alliance
text: to propose a question for discussion
text: “The Budget proposes eliminating Supporting Effective Instruction (SEI) State Grants (Title II State grants), a program that provides formula funds to States to improve the quality and effectiveness of teachers, principals, and other schools leaders. SEI grants are poorly targeted and funds are spread too thinly to have a meaningful impact on student outcomes.
ref: 2017 May 23, Gregory Krieg and Will Mullery, “Trump’s budget by the numbers: What gets cut and why”, in CNN:
text: President Moon Jae-in proposed the plan this week during a meeting with government officials, his spokesman said.
ref: 2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)
synonyms: word: put forth
word: suggest
word: project
word: forthput
glosses: To suggest a plan, course of action, etc.
examples: text: He proposed to her last night and she accepted him.
glosses: To ask for a person's hand in marriage.
examples: text: He proposes to set up his own business.
text: I propose to relate, in several volumes, the history of the people of New England.
ref: 1859, John Gorham Palfrey, History of New England, Preface (Google preview):
text: Many of the proposed dams would be among the tallest in the world.
ref: 2013 August 16, John Vidal, “Dams endanger ecology of Himalayas”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 10, page 8:
glosses: To intend.
examples: text: HERO. Good Margaret, run thee to the parlour;
There shalt thou find my cousin Beatrice
Proposing with the prince and Claudio
ref: 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
glosses: To talk; to converse.
examples: text: […]so weighty was the cup,
That being propos'd brimful of wine, one scarce could lift it up.
ref: [1611?], Homer, “Book XI”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC; republished as The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volume I, London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, →OCLC:
glosses: To set forth.
Derived terms: proposal
propose marriage
proposement
Related terms: proponent
proposition
propose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈpəʊz/
ipa: /pɹəˈpoʊz/
rhymes: -əʊz
Forms: form: proposes
Etymology: From Middle English proposen, from Anglo-Norman proposer (verb), propos (noun), Middle French proposer (verb) , propos (noun), from Latin prōpōnō, prōpōnere, with conjugation altered based on poser. Doublet of propound.
Senses: examples: text: whose aime hath beene to make us not good and wittie, but wise and learned; She hath attained her propose.
ref: 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 17, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
glosses: An objective or aim.
Orange Order
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Orange Order
Etymology: Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant king William of Orange, who defeated the army of Catholic king James VII & II in the Williamite War in Ireland (1688–1691).
Senses: glosses: A Northern Ireland religious and political organisation, loyal to the British crown and with strong anti-Catholicism policies.
Derived terms: Orangey
Orangies
Orangeism
fleadh
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /flɑː/
/flɔː/
/flaː/
Forms: form: fleadhs
Etymology: From Irish fleadh, classical/dialectal/superseded spelling of fleá, from Old Irish fled, from Proto-Celtic *wlidā.
Senses: glosses: An Irish music festival with competitions for the best performance on various instruments.
Gaeltacht
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: [ˈɡeɪltəxt]
Forms: form: Gaeltachtaí
form: Gaeltachts
Etymology: Borrowed from Irish Gaeltacht.
Senses: glosses: An officially recognised area where the Irish language is the predominant language in daily use.
triose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈtɹaɪoʊs/
/-oʊz/
Forms: form: trioses
Etymology: From tri- + -ose.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A sugar or saccharide containing three carbon atoms. Trioses are the smallest monosaccharides. Dihydroxyacetone and L-/D-glyceraldehyde are the only trioses.
Hypernyms: monosaccharide
Hyponyms: dihydroxyacetone
ketotriose
glyceraldehyde
aldotriose
Derived terms: triose phosphate
tetrose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tetroses
Etymology: From tetr- (“four”) + -ose (“sugar”).
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A sugar or saccharide containing four carbon atoms.
Hypernyms: monosaccharide
Hyponyms: erythrulose
ketotetrose
erythrose
threose
aldotetrose
pentose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pentoses
form: pentaose
Etymology: From penta- (“five”) + -ose (“sugar”).
Senses: examples: text: Ribose, found in RNA, is a common pentose.
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
hypernyms: monosaccharide
glosses: A sugar or saccharide containing five carbon atoms.
Hyponyms: ribulose
xylulose
ketopentose
ribose
arabinose
xylose
lyxose
aldopentose
deoxyribose
Derived terms: deoxypentose
monopentose
pentosaceous
pentose phosphate pathway
pentoside
pentosuria
pentosyl
Related terms: agaropentaose
hexose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hexoses
Etymology: From hex- (“six”) + -ose (“sugar”).
Senses: examples: Glucose is a common hexose
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A sugar or saccharide containing six carbon atoms.
Hypernyms: monosaccharide
Hyponyms: psicose
fructose
sorbose
tagatose
ketohexose
allose
altrose
glucose
mannose
gulose
idose
galactose
talose
aldohexose
fucose
fuculose
rhamnose
Derived terms: aldohexose
chitohexose
deoxyhexose
dihexose
hexosamine
hexoside
hexosyl
ketohexose
monohexose
phosphohexose
polyhexose
rhamnohexose
trihexose
Green, White and Gold
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From the 19th century, to describe an earlier flag that incorporated a golden harp. The term is still used informally even though the modern Irish flag is green, white and orange.
Senses: glosses: The flag of the Republic of Ireland.
Related terms: Union Flag
Union Jack
Stars and Stripes
Star-Spangled Banner
tricolour
heptose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: heptoses
form: heptaose
Etymology: From hepta- + -ose.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
hypernyms: monosaccharide
glosses: A sugar or saccharide containing seven carbon atoms.
Derived terms: deoxyheptose
ketoheptose
phosphoheptose
Related terms: agaroheptaose
polysaccharide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: polysaccharides
Etymology: From poly- + saccharide.
Senses: examples: text: Meronym: saccharide
text: Cellulose, starches, and complex carbohydrates, such as glycogen, are common polysaccharides in biology.
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
hypernyms: carbohydrate
<
polymer
<
molecule
;
compound#Noun
;
substance
coordinate_terms: monosaccharide
oligosaccharide
glosses: A polymer made of many saccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
Synonyms: word: polysaccharide
Hypernyms: word: carbohydrate
Hyponyms: word: amylopectin
word: amylose
word: cellulose
word: chitin
word: dextran
word: dextrin
word: galactan
word: glucan
word: glycogen
word: maltodextrin
word: starch
Derived terms: biopolysaccharide
exopolysaccharide
heteropolysaccharide
homopolysaccharide
lipopolysaccharide
mucopolysaccharide
nonpolysaccharide
peptidopolysaccharide
polysaccharase
polysaccharidal
polysaccharidase
polysaccharidic
rhamnopolysaccharide
storage polysaccharide
structural polysaccharide
xylopolysaccharide
ketose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ketoses
Etymology: From keto- + -ose.
Senses: examples: text: The saccharides include such substances as dextrose and levulose, which are typical examples of the two classes into which these bodies are divisible, viz. the Aldoses and Ketoses.
ref: 1895, Richard Lloyd Whiteley, chapter XXXV, in Organic Chemistry: The Fatty Compounds, London; New York: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, page 263:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A saccharide containing a ketone functional group.
Derived terms: aminoketose
ketosamine
ketoside
xyloketose
flog
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /flɒɡ/
rhymes: -ɒɡ
ipa: /flɑɡ/
Forms: form: flogs
Etymology: From Middle English *floggen (suggested by flogge (“hammer, sledge”), from Old English *floggian, a stem variant of Proto-Germanic *flukkōną (“to beat”), itself a secondary zero-grade iterative with unetymological -u-, derived from *flōkaną.
The original zero-grade iterative *flakkōną had been misinterpreted as an o-grade. See flack (“to beat”), also as a dialectal noun "a blow, slap". Cognate with Scots flog (“a blow, stripe, flogging”, noun), Scots flog (“thin strip of wood”), Norwegian flak (“a piece torn off, strip”).
Alternatively, a back-formation from flogger, from Low German flogger (“a flail”).
Senses: examples: text: It follows the ejection of a supporter who allegedly ran towards umpire Mathew Nicholls while calling him a "bald-headed flog" at half-time of the Carlton-Brisbane Lions match last Saturday.
ref: 2019 June 15, Goya Dmytryshchak, “AFL fan outrage at 'behaviourial awareness officers'”, in The Age:
glosses: A contemptible, often arrogant person; a wanker.
Related terms: flail
flay
vapulate
flog
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /flɒɡ/
rhymes: -ɒɡ
ipa: /flɑɡ/
Forms: form: flogs
Etymology: Blend of fake + blog
Senses: examples: text: Though a handful of viral videos and flogs have captured significant interest, the vast majority hardly register with consumers.
ref: 2008, Lucas Conley, OBD: Obsessive Branding Disorder:
text: An element more problematic […] in the move of corporate communications and practices online is the sometimes masked nature of such initiatives, for example through blogola and flogs.
ref: 2009, Nico Carpentier, Benjamin De Cleen, Participation and Media Production: Critical Reflections on Content Creation, page 33:
text: […] hidden advertising and flogs (the use of “personal blogs” for unfair commercial and political purposes), […]
ref: 2010, Beata Klimkiewicz, Media Freedom and Pluralism:
glosses: A weblog designed to look authentic, but actually developed as part of a commercial marketing strategy to promote some product or service.
Synonyms: spamblog
splog