cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
plea-bargain
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: plea-bargains
form: plea-bargaining
form: plea-bargained
form: plea-bargained
form: plea bargain
form: pleabargain
Senses: examples: text: […] former District Attorney, Butters said "[…] I think the fact that so many plead guilty proves that these cases should have been prosecuted." One of those who plea-bargained disagrees. Ed Mede last week pleaded guilty to one count of sex with a minor under 16. "This does not prove my gilt ^([sic])," he insists. "It proves the injustice of the whole system. I could not go on paying for my attorney through a long trial. […] I did not want to face life in prison because of the whim of a biased judge or juror."
ref: 1979 April 28, Tom Reeves, “Revere Sex Cases Resolved”, in Gay Community News, page 1:
topics: law
glosses: To make an agreement in which a defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge instead of not guilty to a greater one.
plea bargain
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plea bargains
Senses: topics: law
glosses: An agreement in which a defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge instead of not guilty to a greater one
Synonyms: plea agreement
plea deal
Related terms: plea-bargain
plasticize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: plasticizes
form: plasticizing
form: plasticized
form: plasticized
form: plasticise
Etymology: From plastic + -ize.
Senses: glosses: To make something more plastic, especially by adding a plasticizer
glosses: To become more plastic
glosses: To capitalize on something with ignorance to its significance or true value; to exploit something for monetary gain
Derived terms: deplasticized
hyperplasticize
thermoplasticize
unplasticized
plasticise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: plasticises
form: plasticising
form: plasticised
form: plasticised
Etymology: From plastic + -ise.
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of plasticize.
Derived terms: plasticiser
plasticizer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈplæs.tɪ.saɪ.zə/
Forms: form: plasticizers
Etymology: From plasticize + -er.
Senses: glosses: Any of various substances added to a material (such as plastic or concrete) in order to make it more pliable.
Derived terms: antiplasticizer
superplasticizer
plasterer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plasterers
Etymology: From plaster + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Villain, thy father was a plasterer; / And thou thyself a shearman, art thou not?
ref: 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], line 125:
glosses: A person whose occupation is to plaster walls.
examples: text: The plasterer doth make his figures by addition, and the carver by substraction.
ref: 1624, Henry Wotton, The Elements of Architecture, […], London: […] Iohn Bill, →OCLC:
glosses: One who makes plaster casts.
Derived terms: like a plasterer's radio
plasterer bee
plasterboard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plasterboards
Etymology: From plaster + board.
Senses: glosses: A construction material consisting of a rigid panel of several layers of fibreboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core.
Synonyms: drywall
plasterboard
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: plasterboards
form: plasterboarding
form: plasterboarded
form: plasterboarded
Etymology: From plaster + board.
Senses: glosses: To fit or reinforce with plasterboard.
Related terms: cement board
drywall
gib
gypsum plaster
lath
plaster
Wonderboard™
hermandad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hermandades
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish hermandad (“brotherhood”).
Senses: glosses: A military peacekeeping association in medieval Spain.
gelee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gelees
form: gelée
Etymology: From the French gelée. Doublet of jelly.
Senses: examples: text: While they were puzzling over it, another course arrived: three tiny monkey dishes, each holding two cubes of gelee, set atop glass bowls in which live Siamese fighting fish swam listlessly back and forth.
ref: 2006, Poppy Z. Brite, chapter 19, in Soul Kitchen: A Novel (Rickey and G-man; 4), New York, N.Y.: Three Rivers Press, →ISBN, page 257:
glosses: Any gelled suspension made for culinary purposes.
gelee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gelees
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of gele (“type of women’s headwrap”).
gelees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gelee
ECDIS
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Acronym of electronic chart display and information system.
tapioca pearl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tapioca pearls
Senses: glosses: A small edible ball made primarily from tapioca starch; used in bubble tea.
Synonyms: boba
pearl tapioca
tapioca ball
Related terms: sago
bubble tea
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bubble teas
Etymology: A phono-semantic match for boba tea (see that entry for more), ultimately from Cantonese 波霸 (bo1 baa3, “busty woman; tapioca pearl(s)”). The match is from the tapioca pearls' supposed resemblance to bubbles.
Senses: glosses: Sweetened tea with milk and tapioca pearls, often including fruit juice, syrup and other ingredients.
Synonyms: milk tea
boba
boba tea
pearl tea
pearl cooler
tea
boba tea
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌboʊbə ˈti/
ipa: [ˌboʊbə ˈtʰi]
rhymes: -iː
Forms: form: boba teas
Etymology: From boba + tea, related to English ball.
Senses: examples: text: It happened when beverage aficionados learned that tapioca, the starch used to make the sweet, round, chewy black bubbles — or pearls — that are the featured topping in the popular boba tea drink, was in short supply.
ref: 2021 April 16, Kellen Browning, “Another Unlikely Pandemic Shortage: Boba Tea”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:
text: A nearby bus depot is a hub for commuters and tempts them to linger with a boba tea shop, a gyro stand and an outdoor cinema.
ref: 2023 April 7, Kate Conger, Shawn Hubler, “Stabbing of Cash App Creator Raises Alarm, and Claims of ‘Lawless’ San Francisco”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Synonym of bubble tea.
synonyms: word: bubble tea
tapioca starch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tapioca starches
form: bột sắn
Senses: glosses: A very fine powder derived from the cassava root, used in cooking.
Related terms: tapioca
tapioca pearl
fair enough
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Pronunciation: note: see fair for more variants
ipa: /fɛəɹ‿ɪˈnʌf/
note: see fair for more variants
ipa: /fɛː-/
ipa: /fɛɚ‿ɪˈnʌf/
ipa: /-‿i-/
ipa: /-‿ə-/
ipa: /feːɹ‿ɪˈnʌf/
rhymes: -ʌf
Senses: examples: text: You can play the exercises pretty well on piano, fair enough, but can you play the movement expressively?
text: Puel was let go in June despite leading Southampton to their first major final for 14 years and an eighth-place finish in the Premier League. But apparently his style was too boring and some players and many fans disliked his method, so he had to go – fair enough but look at them now.
ref: 2017 October 14, Paul Doyle, “Mauricio Pellegrino yet to find attacking solution for stuttering Southampton”, in the Guardian:
text: If I say "Donald" and you say "Fair enough, but there's someone called Donaldo"...
ref: 2021 August 9, 3:26 from the start, in No More Jockeys, season 4, episode 15, spoken by Tim Key:
glosses: An expression used to concede a point, but suggesting that the broader argument is incorrect.
synonyms: very well
I see
glosses: Used to acknowledge a person's point or argument; denotes that, upon consideration, something is correct or reasonable; an expression of acknowledgment or understanding.
Related terms: all well and good
good enough
patriotisms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of patriotism
Berberophone
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: berberophone
Etymology: From Berbero- + -phone.
Senses: examples: text: Algeria's Berberophone population
text: There are Berberophone pockets of some size in the more rugged regions, and a heavy infiltration of Berber in most rural speech, having to do particularly with the names of flora and fauna, tools and utensils, toponymy, and a special vocabulary fitted to the settled agriculture of the area.
ref: 1966, Charles F. Gallagher, “Language and Identity”, in L[eon] Carl Brown, editor, State and Society in Independent North Africa (The James Terry Duce Memorial Series; I), Washington, D.C.: The Middle East Institute, →LCCN, page 77:
text: Nearly half of the Moroccan population is Berberophone; i.e. they are monolingual Berbers, and the majority of them are bilingual because they also speak Dialectal Arabic.
ref: 2005, Moha Ennaji, “Tuareg and Berber Languages”, in Philipp Strazny, editor, Encyclopedia of Linguistics, volumes 2 (M–Z), New York, N.Y.; Abingdon, Oxon: Fitzroy Dearborn, →ISBN, page 1124, column 2:
text: Morocco is a special country because of the importance of the presence of → Berber. Over 40 percent of the population is Berberophone; this is an estimate because there are no official figures.
ref: 2008, Dominique Caubet, “Moroccan Arabic”, in Kees Versteegh, Mushira Eid, Alaa Elgibali, Manfred Woidich, Andrzej Zaborski, editors, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, volumes III (Lat–Pu), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 273, column 2:
text: In the capital city Algiers, around half of the population is Berberophone.
ref: 2007, Mohamed Benrabah, “The Language Situation in Algeria”, in Robert B. Kaplan, Richard B. Baldauf Jr., editors, Language Planning and Policy in Africa, volume 2 (Algeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria and Tunisia), Clevedon, Somerset: Multilingual Matters Ltd, Channel View Publications, →ISBN, page 120:
glosses: Speaking the Berber language
Berberophone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Berberophones
form: berberophone
Etymology: From Berbero- + -phone.
Senses: glosses: One who speaks the Berber language
eighths
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of eighth
eighths
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of eighth
adheres
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of adhere
frequency assignment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: frequency assignments
Senses: topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
glosses: An authorization, given by an administration, for a radio station to use a radio frequency or radio frequency channel under specified conditions.
topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
glosses: The process of authorizing a specific frequency, group of frequencies, or frequency radio band to be used at a certain location under specified conditions, such as bandwidth, power, azimuth, duty cycle, or modulation.
Related terms: FCC
open spectrum
go snake
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: goes snake
form: going snake
form: went snake
form: gone snake
Etymology: Of uncertain origin.
Senses: examples: text: Industry watchers note that high prices and record revenues likely mean the sector is headed for strong profits, despite its challenges. / “Prices have gone snake. If you think about it, the tariffs have been a constant over the whole thing. […]” observed James Beck, a forestry professor at the University of Alberta.
ref: 2004 August 23, Geoffrey Scotton, “Alberta lumber sales roar: Exports, prices put industry on record pace”, in Calgary Herald, Calgary, Alberta, page D4:
text: “On the road, refs are going to make their calls; I know that,” Hillis said Friday. “I'm a big boy, I've been on the road before. But there were two really hard fouls (on Wright and Matt Cherkas) . . . and I finally went snake.[”]
ref: 2004 November 6, “Cougars slammed by Wesmen”, in Leader-Post, Regina, Sask., page C8:
text: A few days after I got home from the ER, my mother called to yell at me. Since it turned out I wasn't dying, I hadn't told her of my medical adventure. I didn't want to worry her. Big mistake. A family member ratted me out and my little, white-haired mother went snake on me.
ref: 2007 April 18, Kim Ross-Polito, “Sidelines”, in The Crestline Advocate, number 29, Crestline, OH, page 2:
synonyms: word: go crazy
word: go postal
word: Note: All terms are idiomatic unless stated otherwise.
word: blow a fuse
word: blow a gasket
word: blow one's stack
word: blow one's top
word: crash out
word: cut up nasty
word: cut up rough
word: do one's block
word: do one's nut
word: flip one's lid
word: flip one's wig
word: flip out
word: fly into a rage
word: fly off the handle
word: forget oneself
word: get bent out of shape
word: get one's back up
word: get one's dander up
word: get one's Irish up
word: get one's shirt out
word: go ape
word: go apeshit
word: go ballistic
word: go bananas
word: go bitchcakes
word: go HAM
word: go H.A.M.
word: go ham
word: go off
raw_tags: not idiomatic
word: go postal
word: go spare
word: have a cow
word: have a fit
word: have kittens
word: hit the roof
word: hit the ceiling
word: lose it
word: lose one's cool
word: lose one's marbles
word: lose one's mind
word: lose one's rag
word: lose one's temper
word: lower the boom
word: pitch a fit
word: pop one's cork
word: see red
word: shit a brick
word: steam
word: teen
raw_tags: not idiomatic
word: throw a fit
word: throw one's toys out of the pram
word: vent one's gall
word: wax wode
raw_tags: not idiomatic
glosses: To act in an erratic or unrestrained manner.
GMVLS
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Initialism of guided missile vertical launching system.
interculturalize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: interculturalizes
form: interculturalizing
form: interculturalized
form: interculturalized
Etymology: From intercultural + -ize.
Senses: glosses: To make intercultural.
hoa
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /həʊ/
ipa: /hoʊ/
rhymes: -əʊ
homophone: hoe
homophone: hoh
Senses: examples: text: Hoa, who is within here?
ref: 1751, David Garrick, Every Man in His Humour (adapted from the 1598 work by Ben Jonson)
glosses: ho; hey; a call for attention
Pradesh
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /pɹəˈdeɪʃ/
Forms: form: Pradeshes
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi प्रदेश (pradeś).
Senses: glosses: A state (administrative division) of the Republic of India.
Related terms: Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Vindhya Pradesh
black cardamom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: An Asiatic plant of species Amomum subulatum, whose pods are used as a spice in Indian cuisine.
glosses: A ginger-like plant of species Lanxangia tsao-ko, of China.
Related terms: taxonomic: Alpinia oxyphylla
word: black cardamon
doy
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɔɪ/
rhymes: -ɔɪ
Etymology: Unknown. Possibly related to doylem (“a stupid person; an idiot”).
Senses: examples: text: —Wow, he looks pretty angry. —Doy!
text: Uh, doy!
ref: 2015 March 6, “Kimmy Has a Birthday!”, in Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt, season 1, episode 9, spoken by Kimmy Schmidt (Ellie Kemper):
synonyms: obviously
duh
no duh
no shit
no shit, Sherlock
you don't say
no kidding
glosses: Disdainful indication that something is obvious; see duh.
doy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɔɪ/
rhymes: -ɔɪ
Forms: form: doys
Etymology: Possibly an alteration of joy.
Senses: examples: text: Whear is thi' Daddy doy? Whear is thi' mam? / What are ta cryin for, poor little lamb?
ref: 1872, John Hartley, “A Hawpoth”, in Yorkshire Ditties: Second Series, Wakefield, West Yorkshire: William Nicholson & Sons, page 112:
text: […] an' then as aw caught seet o'th' three little doys 'at wor crooidled up i'th' winder corner, tryin' to keep warm, ther little nooases lukkin like three half-ripe cherries wi' a drop o' dew glistenin' on 'em, aw thowt, better net just yet for their sake.
ref: 1886, “Sweep! oh! Sweep!”, in Yorkshire Tales: First Series, London: W. Nicholson and Sons, page 30:
glosses: A term of address to a young child.
jazz up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: jazzes up
form: jazzing up
form: jazzed up
form: jazzed up
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: liven up, enliven, brighten up, brighten; gaudify
text: I jazzed up my room with some new posters.
text: Johnny imagines all manner of chrome gadgetry that he could kipe and give to his father to jazz up his ’fifty-six Ford Vicky ragtop.
ref: 1987 [1984], James Ellroy, chapter 22, in Because the Night, New York: Avon, →ISBN, page 189:
glosses: To make gaudy and bright.
examples: text: Near-synonyms: liven up, enliven; spice up; customize
text: I jazzed up a supermarket pizza with olives and fried onions.
glosses: To make more interesting by additions.
examples: text: They played a jazzed-up version of the original song.
synonyms: jazzify
glosses: To give a rhythm or melody reminiscent of jazz.
Related terms: jazzed
jazzy
vajazzle
plainsman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plainsmen
Etymology: From plains + -man.
Senses: glosses: A native, inhabitant or settler of a plains region, but especially of the United States prairies
plainclothesman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plainclothesmen
form: plainclothes man
Etymology: From plainclothes + -man.
Senses: hypernyms: plainclothesperson
coordinate_terms: plainclotheswoman
glosses: A police officer (especially a detective) who wears civilian clothes when on duty.
pistillate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more pistillate
form: most pistillate
Etymology: From pistil + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: The tree is diaecious, and those who would have fruit must be careful to get both staminate and pistillate trees.
ref: 1895, The Minnesota Horticulturist: Annual report, page 179:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having functional pistils.
Synonyms: carpellate
Related terms: staminate
carpellate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From carpel + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having functional carpels (and lacking stamens).
Synonyms: pistillate
Derived terms: bicarpellate
monocarpellate
pentacarpellate
pluricarpellate
tetracarpellate
tricarpellate
unicarpellate
pippin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pippins
Etymology: From Middle English pipin, from Old French pepin (“a seed”) (French pépin). See pip.
Senses: glosses: A seed.
pippin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pippins
Etymology: Probably from Middle English pipin (“a seed”), as being raised from the seed.
Senses: glosses: Any of several varieties of eating apple that have a yellow or green skin with patches of red.
glosses: Any of several roundish or oblate apple varieties.
glosses: An apple tree raised from a seed (not grafted).
glosses: An excellent or admirable person or thing.
Derived terms: Normandy pippin
pippin file
Ribstone pippin
Ribston pippin
tombstoner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tombstoners
Etymology: From tombstone + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person who engages in the activity of tombstoning.
spanned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of span
Katya
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Katia
Etymology: Transliteration of Russian and Ukrainian Ка́тя (Kátja), diminutive of Екатери́на (Jekaterína), Катери́на (Katerýna).
Senses: glosses: A female given name from Russian or Ukrainian, equivalent to English Kate.
Katia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A female given name from Russian, variant of Katya.
Karine
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Karyn
Etymology: Borrowed from French Karine.
Senses: examples: text: In his cast of characters, you really see a disproportionate focus, I think, on Black women - on Kamala Harris, who he's insinuated only has her job today because of who she dated; to Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson, who he's demanded the LSAT scores of - I don't recall him demanding the LSAT scores for Brett Kavanaugh - Karine Jean-Pierre.
ref: 2022 May 12, Dave Davies, “Has Tucker Carlson created the most racist show in the history of cable news?”, in NPR, spoken by Nicholas Confessore, archived from the original on 28 Jun 2023:
glosses: A female given name from French.
Riina
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Reina
Etymology: From the Sicilian Riina, a surname derived from rijina (“queen”).
Senses: glosses: A surname from Sicilian.
rostral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɑ.stɹəl/
ipa: /ˈɹɑ.ʃtɹəl/
rhymes: -ɒstɹəl
Etymology: From Latin rostrum.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to the rostrum.
examples: text: rostral column
glosses: Serving as a rostrum.
Derived terms: adrostral
caudorostral
dentirostral
dorsorostral
infrarostral
mediorostral
mesorostral
nasorostral
platyrostral
postrostral
prerostral
rostral bone
rostralization
rostrally
rostralmost
rostral pars distalis
rostralward
rostralwards
rostrolatus
subrostral
suprarostral
ventrorostral
rostral
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɑ.stɹəl/
ipa: /ˈɹɑ.ʃtɹəl/
rhymes: -ɒstɹəl
Forms: form: rostrals
Etymology: From Latin rostrum.
Senses: glosses: A scale in reptiles on the median plate of the tip of the snout that borders the mouth opening.
Gentle Annie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Gentle Annies
Etymology: Possibly related to the Celtic goddess Anann (an aspect of the Mórrígan responsible, among other things, for culling weak cattle) or to the Stephen Foster song Gentle Annie (1856).
Senses: examples: Gentle Annie Hill, New Zealand
Gentle Annie Rise, Tasmania
glosses: A long uphill road or trail without a resting place.
Gentle Annies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Gentle Annie
durotomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: durotomies
Etymology: From dura + -otomy.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Incursion of the dura, especially during spinal surgery
keiki
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈkeɪ.ki/
Forms: form: keikis
Etymology: From Hawaiian keiki (“child”).
Senses: glosses: child or offspring.
topics: agriculture
business
horticulture
lifestyle
glosses: young plant in orchids that develops on the shoot in place of flower after flowering
subnational
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -æʃənəl
Forms: form: sub-national
Etymology: From sub- + national.
Senses: examples: text: Counties and provinces are subnational regions.
glosses: Forming a subdivision of a nation; contained entirely within a nation.
subnational
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -æʃənəl
Forms: form: subnationals
form: sub-national
Etymology: From sub- + national.
Senses: glosses: A region or organization that operates within a subdivision of a nation.
syntactic sugar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Attributed to by British computer scientist Peter Landin.
Senses: examples: In fact, this is how lists are actually built, by consing all elements to the empty list, []. The commas-and-brackets notation is just syntactic sugar, a more pleasant way to write code. So [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] is exactly equivalent to 1:2:3:4:5:[]. ᵂᴮ
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
coordinate_terms: syntactic salt
glosses: Additions to the syntax of a programming language that make code easier for humans to read or write, but that do not change the functionality or expressiveness of the language.
Derived terms: desugar
desugared
syntactic saccharin
syntactic salt
syntactic syrup
Related terms: pretty-print
undependable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more undependable
form: most undependable
Etymology: From un- + dependable.
Senses: examples: text: ‘These vehicles tended to be old and undependable, but some people had them.’
ref: 1998, Octavia E. Butler, Parable of the Talents, HEADLINE PUBLISHING GROUP (2019), page 23:
glosses: Not dependable.
Synonyms: flakey
sporadic
unreliable
underclassman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underclassmen
Etymology: From under- + classman.
Senses: glosses: A freshman or sophomore in a high school or college or equivalent.
Related terms: underclasswoman
freshman
freshwoman
lowerclassman
upperclassman
upperclasswoman
underclassmen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of underclassman
unlikeliness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unlikelinesses
Etymology: From unlikely + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The property of being unlikely, improbability.
Synonyms: unlikelihood
unionization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌjuːnjənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
Forms: form: unionizations
form: unionisation
Etymology: From union + -ization.
Senses: examples: text: Still, the coffee giant, which has been facing a wave of unionization efforts inside stores across the United States, was light on specifics around some of the concerns that have been raised by its employees, like scheduling.
ref: 2022 September 13, Julie Creswell, “Starbucks Shares Shift in Strategy, to Automation and Expansion”, in The New York Times:
topics: government
politics
glosses: The act of forming a labor union.
unionization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌjuːnjənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
/ʌnˌaɪənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
/ˌjuːnjənaɪˈzeɪʃən/
Forms: form: unionisation
Etymology: From un- + ionization or unionize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: In this case, the dissociation of the acid and unionization (or hydrolysis) of conjugate salt should be taken into account for calculating [H⁺] [i.e., Equation (2.39)].
ref: 2004, Cherng-ju Kim, “Ionic Equilibrium”, in Advanced Pharmaceutics: Physicochemical Principles, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 61:
text: The acid or base form is the unionized form and salt form is the ionized form of the corresponding acid or base. Accordingly, ionized and unionized can be substituted in the above equations in order to calculate the amount of ionization or unionization at a particular pH value.
ref: 2017, Amie D. Brooks, Cynthia Sanoski, Emily R. Hajjar, NAPLEX 2017 Strategies, Practice & Review, page 571:
text: Unionization (lipid solubility) facilitates absorption whereas ionization (water solubility) facilitates excretion of drug.
ref: 2018, Ranjan Kumar Patel, Conceptual Review of Pharmacology: 3rd Edition, page 2:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Synonym of deionization.
synonyms: word: deionization
GMA
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A placename
Initialism of Greater Montreal Area, the metropolitan region of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
glosses: A placename
Initialism of Greater Manila Area, the metropolitan region of Manila, Philippines.
glosses: A placename
Initialism of Greater Mojave Area, the metropolitan region of Mojave, California, USA.
glosses: A placename
Initialism of Greater Madison Area, the metropolitan region of Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
glosses: A placename
Initialism of Greater Milwaukee Area, the metropolitan region of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
glosses: Initialism of Grocery Manufacturers of America, a lobbying organization for the food, beverage and consumer products industry.
topics: broadcasting
media
glosses: Initialism of Global Media Arts, a broadcasting company in the Philippines.
topics: government
politics
glosses: Initialism of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, the 14th President of the Philippines.
Coordinate terms: Mega-Montreal
Metro Montreal
Greater Montreal
Metro Manila
Related terms: GTA
Greater Toronto Area
GTHA
Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area
GMA
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: GMAs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of greater metropolitan area.
uniformed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From uniform + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: A uniformed chauffeur collected us for the party.
text: The luckier and less disabled ones manned lifts or were posted at the doors of public buildings, a uniformed and bemedalled conciergerie who were more often than not unhelpful, making the most of whatever petty authority they were invested with.
ref: 2011, Alan Bennett, “Baffled at a Bookcase”, in London Review of Books, XXXIII.15:
glosses: Dressed in a uniform.
glosses: In an occupation that requires a uniform, such as the police force or military.
Derived terms: uniformed service
uniformed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From uniform + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of uniform
all-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Etymology: From Middle English all- (also al-), from Old English eall-, eal- (“all-”). Cognate with Dutch al-, German all-, Swedish all-. More at all.
Senses: examples: text: all- + knowing → all-knowing
text: all- + loving → all-loving
text: all- + seeing → all-seeing
text: all- + powerful → all-powerful
text: all- + important → all-important
synonyms: omni-
glosses: Indicates complete power or authority in an area.
examples: text: all- + around → all-around
text: all- + over → all-over
text: all- + India → all-India
text: all- + Union → all-Union = union-level scope
synonyms: omni-
pan-
glosses: Indicates that a term applies in a general manner.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of All-.
Synonyms: sense: all
word: omni-
sense: all
word: pan-
Coordinate terms: -wide
unperson
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unpersons
form: unpeople
Etymology: From un- + person. Coined by George Orwell in 1949 as part of the Newspeak in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, where it refers to a person who has been executed or has fallen out of favor; whose entire history has been erased.
Senses: examples: text: With his identity stolen, he became an unperson, unable to prove his existence to the government.
text: In accordance with the change in the party line, Stalin vanished from the play, disappearing even before Mr. Krushchev's denunciation at the 20th Congress of the Communist Party. Stalin became an “unperson,” in the terminology of George Orwell's “1984”.
ref: 1965 February 25, Harrison E. Salisbury, “Kremlin Chimes' Banished Stalin”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 01 Nov 2021:
text: Though Gao is classed as an unperson in China, which did not react officially yesterday, the award was forecast to cause widespread private joy there as the literary equivalent of the country winning the World Cup.
ref: 2000 October 13, John Ezard, Danny Gittings, “Nobel award amazes Chinese writer and literary world”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 14 Oct 2016:
glosses: A person who has been stripped of rights, identity, or humanity; to dehumanize.
unperson
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: unpersons
form: unpersoning
form: unpersoned
form: unpersoned
Etymology: From un- + person. Coined by George Orwell in 1949 as part of the Newspeak in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, where it refers to a person who has been executed or has fallen out of favor; whose entire history has been erased.
Senses: examples: text: Unhappily, shortcomings here on the part of even a few schools provide a handle for the type of irresponsible generalization that recently labeled the lay professor on the Catholic campus "unwanted, unpaid, uncared for and unpersoned."
ref: 1958 May 3, anonymous author, “Lay Professors in Catholic Colleges”, in America, volume 99, number 5, →ISSN, page 160:
text: Could a decision in the clinic’s favor today mean that, in that future, the lab-gestated babies would be legally unpersoned, because the womb had been held to impart a worth the child did not have on its own?
ref: 2024, Leah Libresco Sargeant, “Embryos as Schrödinger’s Persons”, in The New Atlantis, number 76, Center for the Study of Technology and Society, →ISSN, page 41:
glosses: To strip (a person) of rights, identity, or humanity.
Related terms: nonperson
GMA pallet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: GMA pallets
Senses: glosses: A pallet constructed in accordance with the guidelines drafted by the Grocery Manufacturers Association.
unpersons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of unperson
unpersons
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of unperson
unpeople
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From un- + people.
Senses: glosses: plural of unperson
unpeople
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: unpeoples
form: unpeopling
form: unpeopled
form: unpeopled
Etymology: From un- + people.
Senses: examples: text: Let him bring millions infinite of men,
Unpeopling weſterne Affrica and Greece:
Yet we aſſure vs of the victorie.
ref: c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene iii:
text: He shall have every day a several greeting, / Or I'll unpeople Egypt.
ref: c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene v], line 78:
text: This / ungenitured agent will unpeople the province with / continency.
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], line 164:
text: 'Tis the cruel gripe, / That lean hard-handed poverty inflicts, / The hope of better things, the chance to win, / The wiſh to ſhine, the thirſt to be amus'd, / That at the found of Winter's hoary wing, / Unpeople all our counties, of ſuch herds, / Of flutt'ring, loit'ring, cringing, begging, looſe, / And wanton vagrants, as make London, vaſt / And boundless as it is, a crowded coop.
ref: 1785, William Cowper, “Book III. The Garden.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 133:
glosses: To deprive of inhabitants; to depopulate.
samarskite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: samarskites
Etymology: After Vasilii Evgrafovich Samarsky-Bykhovets in 1847.
Senses: topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A shiny black radioactive mineral that contains a complex mixture of rare earth oxides
Derived terms: samarium
bastnaesite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bastnaesites
form: bastnasite
form: bastnäsite
Etymology: From Bastnäs + -ite. Named after its type locality, the Bastnäs mine near Riddarhyttan, Västmanland, Sweden.
Senses: topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A yellow-brown mineral that is a source of several rare earth metals, especially gadolinium, samarium, and neodymium.
wikipedia: bastnaesite
Augsburg
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From German, from Latin Augusta Vindelicorum.
Senses: glosses: An independent city, the administrative seat of the Swabia region, Bavaria, in southern Germany.
glosses: A rural district of the Swabia region, Bavaria, Germany, partially surrounding but not including the city of Augsburg, which nevertheless serves as its administrative seat.
perpetuating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of perpetuate
Potsdam
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑtsdæm/
ipa: /ˈpɒtsdæm/
Senses: glosses: A city, the state capital of Brandenburg, Germany, located near Berlin.
glosses: A town in Buffalo City municipality, Eastern Cape province, South Africa.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Farmington Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States.
glosses: A town and village therein, in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States.
glosses: A village in Miami County, Ohio, United States.
Derived terms: Potsdamer
Gelsenkirchen
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
paratroops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: infantry soldiers deployed by parachute
paratroops
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of paratroop
Related terms: paratrooper
parenthetic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɛɹɪnˈθɛtɪk/
ipa: /-ɹən-/
rhymes: -ɛtɪk
Forms: form: more parenthetic
form: most parenthetic
Etymology: From Latin parentheticus, or a back-formation from parenthetical.
Senses: glosses: Of, pertaining to, or as if using parentheses
glosses: That digresses; discursive or rambling
raw_tags: of speech
Synonyms: parenthetical
parodist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: parodists
Etymology: From parody + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A person who parodies.
parolee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: parolees
Etymology: From parole + -ee.
Senses: glosses: A person who is released on parole.
Related terms: probationer
paroxysmal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pæɹ.əkˈsɪz.məl/
Forms: form: more paroxysmal
form: most paroxysmal
Etymology: From paroxysm + -al.
Senses: glosses: Of, pertaining to, causing or accompanied by paroxysms.
Derived terms: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
interparoxysmal
nonparoxysmal
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
paroxysmally
paroxysmal trepidant abasia
photoparoxysmal
postparoxysmal
preparoxysmal
prix fixe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /(ˈ)pɹiː ˈfiːks/
/(ˈ)pɹiː ˈfɪks/
Forms: form: prix fixes
Etymology: Borrowed from French prix fixe, literally "fixed price".
Senses: glosses: A menu in which the entire meal is offered at a single fixed price.
glosses: The price of such a meal.
Related terms: table d'hôte
Morse theory
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Based on the work of Marston Morse.
Senses: examples: March 14, 2018, Roger Penrose writing in The Guardian, Mind over matter': Stephen Hawking – obituary
[…] the spaces that are used in Einstein’s theory are really pseudo-Riemannian and the relevant Morse theory differs in subtle but important ways.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The study of differentiable functions, where the domain of each is a manifold and the codomain is the real line.
wikipedia: Marston Morse
chrestomathic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˌkɹɛstəˈmæθɪk/
Etymology: From chrestomathy + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: If mankind be so intensely corrupt, if the world be the pandaemonium which he paints it, legislation would be in vain: chrestomathic education, and panopticon discipline would be fruitless […]
ref: 1822, The Quarterly Review, volume 27, page 382:
text: 1834-1847, Robert Southey, The Doctor
[…] the art of destruction applied to noxious animals, a science which the said Jeremy proposes should form part of the course of studies in his Chrestomathic school.
glosses: That has a practical use
raw_tags: of teaching or learning
Related terms: chrestomathy
chrestomathic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌkɹɛstəˈmæθɪk/
Forms: form: chrestomathics
Etymology: From chrestomathy + -ic.
Senses: glosses: A practical handbook.
differentiable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌdɪf.ə(ɹ)ˈɛn.ʃə.bəl/
Forms: form: more differentiable
form: most differentiable
Etymology: From differentiate + -able.
Senses: examples: text: A function which is differentiable wherever it is continuous is said to possess ordinary continuity.
ref: 1896 August, W. Williams, “On the Convergency of Fourier's Series”, in The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and .Journal of Science, volume 42, number 255, page 137:
topics: calculus
mathematics
sciences
glosses: Having a derivative, said of a function whose domain and codomain are manifolds.
examples: text: It would, in that case, have been as real as it now is, and would have been differentiable from its Maker as an effect is differentiable from its cause.
ref: 1890, Randolph Sinks Foster, Studies in Theology, page 117:
glosses: able to be differentiated; distinguishable, as for example by differing appearance or measurable characteristics.
raw_tags: of multiple items
Synonyms: differentiatable
Derived terms: complex-differentiable
differentiability
differentiable manifold
differentiably
indifferentiable
nondifferentiable
quasi-differentiable
quasidifferentiable
subdifferentiable
superdifferentiable
ultradifferentiable
undifferentiable
homology sphere
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: homology spheres
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: A manifold whose homology is the same as that of some sphere of the same dimension
TQFT
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Initialism of topological quantum field theory.
Betti number
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Betti numbers
Etymology: A calque of French nombre de Betti, coined in 1892 by Henri Poincaré; named after Italian mathematician Enrico Betti in recognition of an 1871 paper.
Senses: examples: text: Poincaré proved that Betti numbers are invariants and used them to extend Euler's polyhedral formula to higher dimensional spaces.
text: 1979 [W. H. Freeman & Company], Michael Henle, A Combinatorial Introduction to Topology, 1994, Dover, page 163,
Prove that, for compact surfaces, the zeroth Betti number is the number of components of the surface, where a component is a connected subset of the surface, such that any larger containing subset is not connected.
text: 2007, Oscar García-Prada, Peter Beier Gothen, Vicente Muñoz, Betti Numbers of the Moduli Space of Rank 3 Parabolic Higgs Bundles, American Mathematical Society, page 7,
PROPOSITION 2.1. Fix the rank r. For different choices of degrees and generic weights, the moduli spaces of parabolic Higgs bundles have the same Betti numbers.
text: The goal is to compute Betti numbers in 2D and 3D image partitions using the practical definition of Betti numbers. Thus, depending on the dimension of the topological map, we count the number of connected components, the number of tunnels, and the number of cavities to obtain the Betti numbers.[…]The number of connected components of region r in a 2D image partition is equal to the first Betti number b#95;0(r).
ref: 2012, Guillaume Damiand, Alexandre Dupas, “12: Combinatorial Maps for Image Segmentation”, in Valentin E. Brimkov, Reneta P. Barneva, editors, Digital Geometry Algorithms, Springer, page 380:
topics: algebraic-topology
mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: Any of a sequence of numbers, denoted bₙ, which characterise a given topological space K by giving, for each dimension, the number of holes in K of said dimension; (formally) the rank of the nth homology group, Hₙ, of K.
wikipedia: Enrico Betti
Henri Poincaré
Related terms: Poincaré polynomial
homotopy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /həʊ.məʊ.ˈtɒpɪk/
ipa: /hɒm.əʊ.ˈtɒpɪk/
ipa: /hoʊ.moʊ.ˈtɑpɪk/
Forms: form: homotopies
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὁμός (homós, “same, similar”) + τόπος (tópos, “place”); earliest known use in print in 1922, Oswald Veblen, Analysis Situs.
Senses: examples: text: The concept of homotopy represents a formalisation of the intuitive idea of a smooth deformation of one curve into another.
text: An integer M is called an exponent for the torsion of an abelian group G if M * (torsion of G) = 0. We say that M is a homotopy exponent for a space X if M is an exponent for πₖ (X) for all k.
ref: 1998, Paul Sellick, “Space Exponents for Loop Spaces of Spheres”, in William G. Dwyer, editor, Stable and Unstable Homotopy, American Mathematical Society, page 279:
text: A graded Lie algebra arises from these maps via the Samelson product in homotopy, the so-called homotopy Lie algebra which is discussed below.
ref: 2001, F. R. Cohen, S. Gitler, “Loop-spaces of configuration spaces, braid-like groups, and knots”, in Jaume Aguadé, Carles Broto, Carles Casacuberta, editors, Cohomological Methods in Homotopy Theory, Springer (Birkhäuser), page 63:
text: 2010, Vladimir G. Turaev, Homotopy Quantum Field Theory, European Mathematical Society, page xi,
In this monograph we apply the idea of a TQFT to maps from manifolds to topological spaces. This leads us to a notion of a (d + 1)-dimensional homotopy quantum field theory (HQFT) which may be described as a TQFT for closed oriented d-dimensional manifolds and compact oriented (d + 1)-dimensional cobordisms endowed with maps to a given space X.
topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: A continuous deformation of one continuous function or map to another.
glosses: The relationship between two continuous functions where homotopy from one to the other is evident.
glosses: Ellipsis of homotopy theory (“the systematic study of homotopies and their equivalence classes”).
topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: A theory associating a system of groups with each topological space.
topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: A system of groups associated with a topological space.
Hyponyms: sense: continuous deformation
word: isotopy
sense: continuous deformation
word: regular homotopy
Derived terms: cohomotopy
homotopic
homotopy category
homotopy class
homotopy equivalence
homotopy equivalent
homotopy fiber
homotopy fibre
homotopy group
homotopy invariant
homotopy relative to a subspace
homotopy theory
homotopy type
linear homotopy
regular homotopy
straight-line homotopy
Related terms: homotopic
homeotopy group
homology
fibre bundle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fibre bundles
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of fiber bundle.
Seifert fiber space
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Seifert fiber spaces
form: Seifert fibered space
form: Seifert fibre space
form: Seifert fibred space
Etymology: Named after Herbert Seifert.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: A fiber bundle whose fiber is the circle and whose base space is a two-dimensional orbifold.
wikipedia: Herbert Seifert
Seifert fibered space
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Seifert fibered spaces
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: Alternative spelling of Seifert fiber space.
Seifert fibre space
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Seifert fibre spaces
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: Alternative spelling of Seifert fiber space.
Seifert fibred space
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Seifert fibred spaces
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: Alternative spelling of Seifert fiber space.
second-countable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: second countable
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
topology
glosses: Such that its topology has a countable base, said of a topological space.
chemical engineer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chemical engineers
Senses: examples: Institution of Chemical Engineers (title of organization)
The Chemical Engineer (periodical title)
glosses: A person who practises chemical engineering.
DKP
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: games
gaming
glosses: Initialism of dragon kill points.
BGS
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Baller-Gerold syndrome.
vested interests
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of vested interest