cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
side-by-side
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: side by side
form: SxS
Etymology: From side + by + side.
Senses: examples: text: A “moving platform” scheme[…]is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.
ref: 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):
antonyms: end-to-end
;
tandem#Adjective
in tandem
glosses: Adjacent; juxtaposed.
side-by-side
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: side-by-sides
form: side by side
form: SxS
Etymology: From side + by + side.
Senses: topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: A type of multipurpose off-highway utility vehicle, with four wheels, resembling a club cart or a golf cart
glosses: Synonym of double-barreled shotgun. Ellipsis of side-by-side shotgun.
synonyms: word: double-barreled shotgun. Ellipsis of side-by-side shotgun
glosses: Synonym of double rifle. Ellipsis of side-by-side rifle.
synonyms: word: double rifle. Ellipsis of side-by-side rifle
glosses: Ellipsis of side-by-side smoothbore rifle, side-by-side smooth-bore rifle, side-by-side smoothbore, or side-by-side smooth bore (“a side-by-side "musket" (unrifled) longarm”).
Hypernyms: topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: utility task vehicle
topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: UTV
Coordinate terms: topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: all-terrain vehicle
topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: ATV
topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: dirt bike
topics: automotive
vehicles
transport
word: quad bike
side by side
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: side by sides
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of side-by-side.
side by side
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of side-by-side.
side by side
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: examples: text: The new houses were built side by side, facing the lake.
text: The structure was examined and passed by the Board of Trade in February, 1890, after it had been tested with two trains of 50 loaded wagons, each hauled by two engines, and pushed by a third. The trains ran side by side, and their combined weight, including the six engines, was 1,800 tons. The deflections of the girders were precisely in accordance with the calculations of the engineers.
ref: 1950 March, H. A. Vallance, “On Foot Across the Forth Bridge”, in Railway Magazine, page 148:
text: Two lamps mounted side by side about two feet apart will flash alternately and when this happens traffic must stop; disobedience of these signs becomes an offence.
ref: 1960 September, “Talking of Trains: New level-crossing signs”, in Trains Illustrated, page 519:
glosses: Beside or alongside one another; close to one another and abreast.
glosses: In peace.
examples: text: The soldiers of XX and YY were fighting side by side against a common enemy.
glosses: With a common purpose.
Synonyms: word: cheek by jowl
topics: nautical
transport
word: board to board
sidesmen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sidesman
sidesman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sidesmen
Etymology: Corruption of synod's man.
Senses: examples: text: By the 17th century churchwardens, now assisted by sidesmen, were overseeing parish taxes (with the parish clerks), controlling the stocks and whipping posts, and organising relief for the poor and for wayfarers.
ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 187:
glosses: An assistant to a churchwarden, one of whose duties is to collect offerings during a service.
Synonyms: word: questman
churchwarden
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: churchwardens
Etymology: From Middle English cherchewardeyn, chirchewardeyn, churchewardeyn, schyrsche wordeyn; equivalent to church + warden.
Senses: examples: text: At first, not knowing any better, I used sometimes to copy a nude on the pavement. The first I did was outside St Martin's-in-the-Fields church. A fellow in black—I suppose he was a churchwarden or something—came out in a tearing rage.
ref: 1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter XXXI, in Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:
text: One important office that has survived for over 800 years is that of the churchwarden, established in the middle of the 12th century.
ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 187:
coordinate_terms: people's warden
glosses: A lay officer of the Church of England who handles the secular affairs of the parish.
glosses: A similar functionary of the Episcopal church.
examples: text: In one part of Cockaigne an amalgamation of these two last has lately taken place; and the pleasure experienced by the parishioners of Walbrook is unbounded when smoking an alderman and churchwarden.
ref: 1843, John William Carleton, The Sporting Review, volume 10, page 419:
text: [T]here was a small wooden table placed in front of the smouldering fire, with decanters, a jar of tobacco, and two long churchwardens. The second churchwarden was supposed to be placed there for the service of Mr. Fred; but as a matter of fact that young gentleman did not find much gaiety in sitting and listening to grumblings over his own conduct and gloomy prophecies as to the future of the agricultural interests of the country; so that the old man generally sat there alone, nor had he ever been known to ask any one to keep him company.
ref: 1887, William Black, “A Honeymoon Visit”, in Sabina Zembra […], volume II, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 9:
text: He greeted William with cordiality. "Ah, Boot, how are you? Don't think I've had the pleasure before. Know your work well of course. Sit down. Have a cigarette or"—had he made a floater?—"or do you prefer your churchwarden?"
ref: 1938 May, Evelyn Waugh, chapter 2, in Scoop: A Novel about Journalists, uniform edition, London: Chapman & Hall, published 1948 (1951 printing), →OCLC, book I (The Stitch Service), section 3, page 26:
glosses: Ellipsis of churchwarden pipe.
Derived terms: churchwardenly
churchwarden pipe
churchwardenship
churchwarden's pew
Related terms: vestry
churchwarden pipe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: churchwarden pipes
Senses: synonyms: alderman
churchwarden
yard of clay
hyponyms: Broseley
glosses: A tobacco pipe with a long, curved stem.
Siha
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: a Bantu language of Tanzania
silphion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silphions
Senses: glosses: silphium
silver bream
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silver breams
Etymology: From silver + bream.
Senses: glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Blicca bjoerkna (white bream), a freshwater species of cyprinids from Europe and Western Asia.
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Pseudocaranx dentex (silver trevally, white trevally), marine species of jack widespread in tropical and warm temperate waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, as well as the Mediterranean Sea.
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Acanthopagrus australis (yellowfin bream, surf bream), eastern Australian sea breams.
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Acanthopagrus berda (goldsilk sea bream), marine species of sea bream from the Indian Ocean
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Acanthopagrus butcheri (southern black bream), marine and freshwater species of sea bream from southern Australia
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Rhabdosargus sarba (goldlined sea bream), marine species of sea bream from the Indo-West Pacific
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Bidyanus bidyanus (silver perch), freshwater species of grunters endemic to the Murray–Darling river system in southeastern Australia
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Bidyanus welchi (Welch's grunter), freshwater species of grunters from Australia
glosses: A fish from any of several species:
Nemadactylus macropterus (tarakihi), marine species of morwong
silver trevally
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silver trevallies
Senses: glosses: A silver-coloured fish with a dark back, of speciesPseudocaranx dentex, found in warm waters worldwide.
Synonyms: urls: https://web.archive.org/web/20080725170154/http://www.fish.gov.au/fishnames/fishnames.php?pid=2568
word: white trevally
word: blurter
word: sand trevally
word: silver bream
word: skipjack trevally
word: skippy
word: trevally
green top
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: green tops
Senses: coordinate_terms: gold top
silver top
glosses: Unpasteurized full-cream milk, having a green top to the bottle.
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A pitch with abundant visible grass.
singulare tantum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: singularia tantum
Etymology: From Latin singulāre tantum (“singular as such; singular only”), from singulāre + tantum.
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A noun (in any specific sense) that has no plural form and is only used with singular verbs. Frequently for mass nouns.
Related terms: duale tantum
mass noun
plurale tantum
singularia tantum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of singulare tantum
skinfold
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: skinfolds
Etymology: From skin + fold.
Senses: glosses: A double layer of skin and the underlying adipose tissue obtained by pinching the skin at an appropriate site; the thickness (measured using calipers) gives an estimation of body fat.
inheritor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inheritors
form: enheritour
form: inheritour
Etymology: From Middle English enheriter, enheritour. Displaced Old English ierfenuma. By surface analysis, inherit + -or.
Senses: glosses: Someone who inherits something; an heir.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: A class, etc. that derives from another code element through inheritance.
Derived terms: coinheritor
Related terms: coinheritress
inheritress
inheritrix
burglarizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of burglarize
haxxor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: haxxors
form: haxor
form: h4x0r
form: haxx0r
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of haxor.
burglarises
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of burglarise
burglarising
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of burglarise
pseudo-cereals
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pseudo-cereal (alternative spelling of pseudocereals).
burglarizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of burglarize
haxx0r
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: haxx0rs
Senses: examples: text: Seems that while he was out supporting them in his role as Uber Haxx0r, she was at home letting script kiddies bust root on her box.
ref: 2004, Ryan Russell, et al: Stealing the Network: How to Own a Continent:
glosses: Alternative spelling of haxxor.
burglarized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of burglarize
burglarised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of burglarise
doorbell
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɔː.bɛl/
ipa: /ˈdɔɹ.bɛl/
Forms: form: doorbells
Etymology: From door + bell.
Senses: glosses: A device on or adjacent to an outer door for announcing one's presence. It can be mechanical, directly sounding a bell, or a button that electrically sounds a chime or buzzer inside the building.
glosses: A button that activates an electric doorbell.
Derived terms: devil's doorbell
ring the devil's doorbell
smart doorbell
video doorbell
doorbell
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɔː.bɛl/
ipa: /ˈdɔɹ.bɛl/
Forms: form: doorbells
form: doorbelling
form: doorbelled
form: doorbelled
Etymology: From door + bell.
Senses: glosses: To ring many doorbells in an effort to contact people and thereby spread information or solicit.
examples: text: We doorbelled the whole district in an effort to get out the vote.
glosses: To ring many doorbells of (target people or an area) in an effort to contact people and thereby spread information or solicit.
doorjamb
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: doorjambs
Etymology: From door + jamb.
Senses: examples: text: There was a ball-pein hammer on a ledge above the doorjamb and Kidd reached up softly and took it down.
ref: 2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 123:
glosses: Either of the upright posts on either side of a door, which together support a lintel.
Synonyms: doorpost
Hypernyms: jamb
Related terms: doorframe
doorknob
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɔː.nɒb/
ipa: /ˈdɔɹ.nɑb/
Forms: form: doorknobs
form: door knob
form: door-knob
Etymology: From door + knob.
Senses: examples: text: A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum of levers, with the axis of the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place.
ref: 2012 March 24, Henry Petroski, “Opening Doors”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, pages 112–3:
glosses: A circular device attached to a door, the rotation of which permits the unlatching of the door.
glosses: A stupid person.
Derived terms: dead as a doorknob
deaf as a doorknob
doorknobbed
doorknob complaint
doorknoblike
doorknob phenomenon
doorknob question
doorknob statement
dumb as a doorknob
Related terms: door handle
doorkeeper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: doorkeepers
form: door-keeper
Etymology: Compound of door + keeper.
Senses: examples: text: The manager at Carnegie Hall was told to get another usher in his stead; the doorkeeper at the theatre was warned not to admit him to the house; and Charley Edwards remorsefully promised the boy's father not to see him again.
ref: 1920, Willa Cather, Youth and the Bright Medusa.:
synonyms: concierge
glosses: The person in charge of an entryway, sometimes just a doorman, sometimes responsible for security in the immediate area of the entryway, similar to a bouncer.
pseudocereals
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pseudocereal
pseudocereal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pseudocereals
form: pseudo-cereal
Etymology: From pseudo- + cereal.
Senses: examples: text: Buckwheat, quinoa and amaranth are pseudocereals.
text: Buckwheat is a cosmopolitan pseudocereal with limited production compared to cereals with higher yields. However, it is currently being introduced in many more countries, due to the high nutritional value of the buckwheat seed. The seeds are rich in essential amino acids, fatty acids, minerals, and vitamins B1 and B2. Buckwheat is also an important human dietary source. It is also used in honey production (possible yield is 120 to 300 kg of honey ha–1); soon after the initial stages of […]
ref: 2006, Franc Bavec, Martina Bavec, Organic Production and Use of Alternative Crops, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 65:
synonyms: pseudograin
glosses: Any plant that, although not belonging to the grass family, produces seeds that are used to make flour.
excoriating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of excoriate
double bed
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: double beds
Senses: examples: text: ‘If you sleep on the floor, I’ll sleep on the floor too. But it seems rather a waste of a fine double bed.[’]
ref: 1980 [1962], Ian Fleming, chapter 13, in The Spy Who Loved Me, →ISBN, page 196:
glosses: A bed designed for two adults, typically measuring 54 by 75 inches (1.35 by 1.9 meters).
Synonyms: full bed
Hypernyms: bed
Related terms: single bed
queen-size (60 inches wide by 80 inches long)
king-sized
California king
scoriating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: Aphetic form of excoriating.
scoriaceous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more scoriaceous
form: most scoriaceous
Etymology: From scoria + -aceous.
Senses: glosses: of, relating to, or producing scoria
scoriated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more scoriated
form: most scoriated
Senses: glosses: reduced to scoria
double cropping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: agriculture
business
lifestyle
glosses: The practice of sequentially raising and harvesting a second (or third, or sometimes more) crop (usually vegetables) in the same field in a single growing season, especially in warmer climates such as California's Imperial Valley or the Rio Grande valley of Texas and Mexico.
scorification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: scorifications
Etymology: From scoria + -ification.
Senses: glosses: The reduction of an ore to scoria, especially as a means of refining or assay.
scorified
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: reduced to scoria
scorifier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: scorifiers
Etymology: From scorify + -er.
Senses: glosses: A refractory crucible used in the assay of metals.
scoriform
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From scoria + -form.
Senses: glosses: resembling scoria
scorify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: scorifies
form: scorifying
form: scorified
form: scorified
Etymology: From scoria + -ify.
Senses: glosses: To reduce (an ore) to scoria.
double date
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: double dates
Senses: glosses: A (romantic) date that two couples go on together.
double date
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: double dates
form: double dating
form: double dated
form: double dated
Senses: examples: text: The trouble was, I knew that guy Stradlater’s technique. That made it even worse. We once double-dated, in Ed Banky’s car, and Stradlater was in the back, with his date, and I was in the front with mine.
ref: 1951 July 16, J[erome] D[avid] Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC, page 64:
glosses: To go on a double date.
double helix
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: double helixes
form: double helices
Senses: examples: text: If I had been married earlier in life, I wouldn't have seen the double helix. I would have been taking care of the kids on Saturday.
ref: 2007 January, “WHAT I'VE LEARNED: James Watson”, in Esquire, volume 147, number 1, archived from the original on 25 Jan 2007:
glosses: DNA.
apheta
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: aphetas
Senses: topics: astrology
human-sciences
mysticism
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The planet that has the most influence on a person's life.
Synonyms: hyleg
Derived terms: aphetic
double possessive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɛsɪv
Forms: form: double possessives
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The presence of two or more consecutive nouns in the possessive case.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A construction in English where possession is indicated using both the preposition of and a possessive form, typically with an apostrophe and -s, used to convey a sense of association or to emphasize the relationship between the possessor and the possessed.
double standard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: double standards
Senses: examples: text: For example, when discussing relationships, she admitted that she believed in a "reverse double standard".
ref: 1976, “Missouri Breaker”, in Playboy:
glosses: The situation where two groups or individuals are the same in pertinent ways, but one is condemned for it while the other is excused.
glosses: A pair of monetary values, i.e. a gold standard and a silver standard, both of which are legal tender.
Derived terms: double standardist
Related terms: special pleading
doubting Thomas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: doubting Thomases
Etymology: Eponym for the Apostle Thomas.
: « Now Thomas, one of the twelve, called the Twin, was not with them when Jesus came. So the other disciples told him, “We have seen the Lord.” But he said to them, “Unless I see in his hands the print of the nails, and place my finger in the mark of the nails, and place my hand in his side, I will not believe.” Eight days later, his disciples were again in the house, and Thomas was with them. The doors were shut, but Jesus came and stood among them, and said, “Peace be with you.” Then he said to Thomas, “Put your finger here, and see my hands; and put out your hand, and place it in my side; do not be faithless, but believing.” Thomas answered him, “My Lord and my God!” Jesus said to him, “Have you believed because you have seen me? Blessed are those who have not seen and yet believe.” Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these are written that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that believing you may have life in his name. » — John 20:24-31 KJV
Senses: glosses: One who requires proof before believing.
glosses: One who finds belief difficult.
Derived terms: doubting Thomasina
Related terms: Alibi Ike
Dapper Dan
Gentleman Jim
gloomy Gus
good-time Charlie
nervous Nellie
plain Jane
Silent Sam
doughboy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: doughboys
Etymology: From dough + boy; its use to refer to an infantryman is unknown, but dates from 1847, during the Mexican–American War.
Senses: examples: text: The "dough boys" were loaded into army wagons drawn by mules, and with the cavalry at the flanks the relief column started.
ref: 1901 July 19, “Horses in time of War”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 10, page 296:
text: The miser, a-seeking lost gelt, / The doughboy, awaiting the battle, / May possibly know how I felt / While the long years dragged by as the dealer / As slow as the slowest of dubs, / Stuck out the last helping of tickets / 'Till I lifted—the Bullet of Clubs!
ref: 1969, Robert L. Vann, The Competitor, volumes 2-3, page 135:
glosses: An American infantryman, especially one from World War I.
glosses: A kind of flour dumpling.
glosses: Frybread.
dowager's hump
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dowager's humps
form: dowagers' humps
Senses: synonyms: hyperkyphosis
glosses: The hump-like projection seen on the back of older people caused by kyphosis of the spine, consequent to osteoporosis; especially seen in women.
heterodimeric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hetero- + dimeric.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: produced from two similar but different monomers
downfallen
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From downfall (“to fall down, decline”).
Senses: glosses: Fallen down.
examples: text: But one or two, who nourished in their bosoms respect for the downfallen hierarchy—casting first a timorous glance around, to see that no one observed them—hastily crossed themselves—bent their knee to sister Magdalen, by which name they saluted her—kissed her hand, or even the hem of her dalmatique—received with humility the Benedicite with which she repaid their obeisance; […]
ref: 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter XIII, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 266:
glosses: Having undergone a defeat, or been ousted from a position of authority.
glosses: Crestfallen, depressed, down in the dumps.
downfallen
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From downfall (“to fall down, decline”).
Senses: glosses: past participle of downfall.
sheet music
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Handwritten or printed form of musical notation.
PDM
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Product Data Management.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
signal-processing
glosses: Initialism of pulse-duration modulation.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
signal-processing
glosses: Initialism of pulse-density modulation.
downshift
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaʊnʃɪft/
ipa: /ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/
Forms: form: downshifts
Etymology: The noun is derived from down (preposition) + shift (“slight change or movement”). The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: glosses: A change of direction or a movement downwards.
glosses: A reduction in quality or quantity.
glosses: A change in career or lifestyle to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding.
examples: text: The driver, Lindsay, gave me a regal wave at the top after he had completed a series of perfect downshifts[.]
ref: 2000, Bob Foster, Birdum or Bust!, Henley Beach, SA: Seaview Press, page 197:
topics: automotive
cycling
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
transport
vehicles
antonyms: upshift#Noun
hypernyms: gear change#Noun
glosses: A shift of a transmission into a lower gear, as dictated by heavier load on the engine, as for example when climbing a hill or strongly accelerating.
Related terms: stickshift
drive stick
downshift
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaʊnʃɪft/
ipa: /ˈdaʊnˌʃɪft/
Forms: form: downshifts
form: downshifting
form: downshifted
form: downshifted
Etymology: The noun is derived from down (preposition) + shift (“slight change or movement”). The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: examples: text: But in this variation on Superbad's wild night of transgression, downshifting the age of the protagonists from teen to tween actually only enhances the stealth, wide-eyed innocence that secretly drives this genre of pre-college hedonism.
ref: 2019 August 14, A. A. Dowd, “Good Boys Puts a Tween Spin on the R-rated Teen Comedy, to Mostly Funny Effect”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 04 Mar 2021:
synonyms: attenuate
glosses: To reduce (something) in quality or quantity (as effect, scope, speed, etc.)
glosses: To change (one's career or lifestyle) to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding.
examples: text: He brought the car to a stop before the bridge, downshifted and then put her at the road again in a rising disciplined snarl along the N.6 to Cannes.
ref: a. 1962, Ernest Hemingway, chapter 27, in The Garden of Eden, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1986, →ISBN, page 229:
topics: automotive
cycling
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
transport
vehicles
antonyms: upshift#Verb
hypernyms: shift gears#Verb
glosses: To shift (a car or bicycle) into a lower gear.
glosses: To function at a lower rate; to slacken.
glosses: To change one's career or lifestyle to one which is not as well paid but less stressful and more personally rewarding.
examples: text: In a stick-shift vehicle, the driver must downshift when necessary; in an automatic, the transmission downshifts as needed.
topics: automotive
cycling
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
transport
vehicles
antonyms: upshift
glosses: To shift a transmission into a lower gear.
Derived terms: word: downshifter
word: downshifting
downscale
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more downscale
form: most downscale
Etymology: From down- + scale.
Senses: glosses: Being downmarket, of a lower quality.
glosses: Of a series of notes, falling in pitch in regular or musical intervals; descending.
downscale
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: downscales
form: downscaling
form: downscaled
form: downscaled
Etymology: From down- + scale.
Senses: glosses: To reduce in size; to downsize.
Derived terms: downscalable
downscaler
downstate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: downstates
Etymology: From down + state.
Senses: examples: text: The final election returns from downstate may not be available until late Wednesday morning.
antonyms: upstate
glosses: The southern region of certain US states, particularly Michigan, New York, and Illinois.
antonyms: upstate
glosses: A period during sleep when somebody is not primed and not ready to learn.
downstate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more downstate
form: most downstate
Etymology: From down + state.
Senses: glosses: Of the southern section of a state.
downstate
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more downstate
form: most downstate
Etymology: From down + state.
Senses: glosses: To the southern section of a state.
Derived terms: downstater
downtime
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaʊntaɪm/
ipa: /ˈdaʊnˌtaɪm/
Forms: form: downtimes
form: down time
form: down-time
Etymology: From down (“out of order; out of service; inoperable”) + time.
Senses: examples: text: A short internet outage might sound like a trifling matter – don’t we all need a little bit of time offline now and then? – but for many, the pervasiveness of the so-called “internet of things” meant downtime at Amazon affected their physical life as well as their digital one.
ref: 2017 March 1, Alex Hern, “How did an Amazon glitch leave people literally in the dark?”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 30 May 2023:
antonyms: uptime
coordinate_terms: idle time
glosses: Time lost due to the failure of some system or machinery, such as a computer crash or power outage.
examples: text: As the world turns inward, trapped inside in various stages of pandemic quarantine, numerous songwriting luminaries (often blessed with their own in-home studios) have tried to use the downtime creatively—from Millennial stars like Taylor Swift and Ariana Grande to longtime veterans like Bruce Springsteen and Elvis Costello.
ref: 2020 November 9, Gwen Ihnat, “With McCartney III, Paul McCartney Offers Lessons from a Legendary Life”, in The A.V. Club, archived from the original on 07 Nov 2022:
glosses: A period of time when work or other activity is less intense or stops.
examples: text: I’ve been working all weekend. I need some downtime.
text: But scientists point to an unanticipated side effect: when people keep their brains busy with digital input, they are forfeiting downtime that could allow them to better learn and remember information, or come up with new ideas.
ref: 2010 August 24, Matt Richtel, “Digital devices deprive brain of needed downtime”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 29 May 2023:
text: ‘We need to use the downtime, when things are calm, to prepare for when things get serious in the decades to come,’ he [Demis Hassabis] has said. ‘The time we have now is valuable, and we need to make use of it.’
ref: 2021 March 19, James Fallows, “Can humans be replaced by machines?”, in The New York Times Book Review, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 29 May 2023:
glosses: A period of time set aside for relaxation and rest; leisure time, free time.
dragnet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹæɡˌnɛt/
Forms: form: dragnets
Etymology: From drag + net, probably based on the model of Middle English draynet, dreynett (“dragnet”), Old English dræġnet, dræġnett (“dragnet”), equivalent to dray + net. Cognate with Swedish dragnät, Norwegian dragnett, from Icelandic dragnet.
Senses: examples: text: Anchovy dragnets are an important part Korea's fishing sector. Over 99% of catches found in anchovy dragnets are anchovy. Although the annual total catches of anchovy have fluctuated, dragnets catch 55 to 70% of the total annual catch of anchovy. The remaining portion is caught with drift gill nets (10%) and other fishing methods.
ref: 2000, Transition to Responsible Fisheries Economic and Policy Implications, OECD Publishing, →ISBN, page 228:
topics: fishing
hobbies
lifestyle
glosses: A net dragged across the bottom of a body of water.
examples: text: The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives.[…]who, if anyone, is policing their use[?] Such concerns were sharpened further by the continuing revelations about how the US National Security Agency (NSA) has been using algorithms to help it interpret the colossal amounts of data it has collected from its covert dragnet of international telecommunications.
ref: 2013 July 26, Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 7, page 26:
topics: government
law-enforcement
glosses: Heightened efforts by law enforcement personnel undertaken in order to capture suspects.
Derived terms: dragnet mortgage
dragnet
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹæɡˌnɛt/
Forms: form: dragnets
form: dragnetting
form: dragnetted
form: dragnetted
Etymology: From drag + net, probably based on the model of Middle English draynet, dreynett (“dragnet”), Old English dræġnet, dræġnett (“dragnet”), equivalent to dray + net. Cognate with Swedish dragnät, Norwegian dragnett, from Icelandic dragnet.
Senses: examples: text: When ponds are cleaned out periodically, fish are trapped or dragnetted and finally the pond is drained to remove all fish.
ref: 2013, Brian Andrews, Ornamental Fish Farming:
topics: fishing
hobbies
lifestyle
glosses: To drag a net across the bottom of a body of water.
examples: text: In fact, Carty was not the man, but, after a police swoop had dragnetted twenty men suspected of having taken part in the business, he was lodged in Sligo jail and accused of this violence to the lady.
ref: 2010, Florence O'Donoghue, IRA Jailbreaks 1918-1921, →ISBN, page 164:
text: A May Day anti-capitalist protest last year in Seattle saw clashes between police and protesters, and the FBI had been dragnetting potential anarchists.
ref: 2013 September 19, Audrey Black, “Targeting Oppression”, in Eugene Weekly:
topics: government
law-enforcement
glosses: To undertake heightened efforts to catch a suspect.
dragster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹæɡstɚ/
Forms: form: dragsters
Etymology: Derived from drag + -ster.
Senses: examples: text: On a raceway near Riverside, California, a dragger was fatally injured when his dragster went out of control […]
ref: 1962, The Saturday Evening Post, volume 235, page 10:
text: In 1960, Honolulu motorcycle racer (and Street Roadster dragger) Danny Ongais stepped up to the dragster ranks […]
ref: 2016, Scotty Gosson, Lost Drag Strips II: More Ghosts of Quarter-Miles Past, page 63:
glosses: A heavily modified or custom-built vehicle used in drag racing.
synonyms: dragger
glosses: One who takes part in drag racing.
examples: text: Dragsters Justin Bond and Jackie Beat kick up their own New York "holigay" spirit
ref: 1999, The Advocate, number 801, page 57:
glosses: A drag queen.
Related terms: funny car
dramatis personae
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dramatis persona
form: dramatis personæ
Etymology: From Latin dramatis personae (literally “characters of the play”).
Senses: examples: text: (The Devil enters like a sapphire wasp
That flickers mica wings. He lifts a hand
To brush away a disrespectful smile.
Job’s wife sits up.)
Job’s Wife ➢ Well, if we aren’t all here.
Including me, the only Dramatis
 Personae needed to enact the problem.
ref: 1945, Robert Frost, A Masque of Reason:
text: Instead of a dramatis personae of species, The Dinosaurs uses its beasts to illustrate climate, daily life, movement, danger, even extinction. So we meet nesting hydrosaurs, a singing pair of parasaurolophi, a herd of treetop-browsing brontosaurs.
ref: 1981 December 15, Don Lessem, “Paperbacks ’81: Novelty items with soft covers”, in Richard M. Gaines, editor, The Boston Phoenix, volume X, number 50, Boston, Mass.: Boston Phoenix Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, section 7 (The Season: Part III), review of “THE DINOSAURS. By William Stout. […]”, page 16, column 5:
text: Marx created a narrative populated by workers, capitalists, officials and scientists who were history’s dramatis personae.
ref: 2015 February 18, Yanis Varoufakis, “Yanis Varoufakis: How I became an erratic Marxist”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: Meanwhile, the other two main actors, Richard Dreyfuss as boyish ichthyologist Hooper and Robert Shaw as grizzled shark-hunter Quint, further added to the deepening of the dramatis personae by the paradoxical boon that they loathed each other.
ref: 2025 June 14, Nigel Andrews, “They don't come any bigger”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 13:
glosses: The characters in a play or story; a list of them, usually arranged in order of first appearance, as protatic matter.
Related terms: drama
dramatic
melodramatic
personification
personnel
protasis
drawstring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: drawstrings
Etymology: From draw + string.
Senses: glosses: A string or cord, encased in a fabric tube, with one or more small openings into the tube, on a bag or garment, allowing the item to be closed (as with a bag) or tightened (as with sweatpants or a bathing suit).
reluctance motor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reluctance motors
Senses: glosses: an alternating current motor with a stator winding like that of an induction motor and a rotor that has projecting poles of ferromagnetic material
Related terms: stepper motor
cushat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈkʌʃət/
/ˈkʊʃət/
Forms: form: cushats
form: cowshot
Etymology: From Middle English cowshott, cowschote, quyshte, from Old English cūsċeote (literally “cow shoot”), although it is difficult to understand why such a name would be given to these birds. Doublet of quist.
Senses: examples: text: Thro' lofty groves the Cuſhat roves,
The path of man to ſhun it
ref: 1793, Robert Burns, “Song Composed in August (Now Westlin Winds)”, in Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, 2nd edition, volume II, Edinburgh: […] T[homas] Cadell, […], and William Creech, […], published 1793, →OCLC, page 133:
text: [A]nd no sound falls on my ears, except the distant roar of a passing train, the song of linnets, and croodle of turtle-dove and cushat.
ref: 1888, Gordon Stables, In Touch with Nature: Tales and Sketches from the Life, page 46:
glosses: A pigeon, wood pigeon or ring dove.
Synonyms: cushat dove
cushat-dove
queest
quist
rolling stop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rolling stops
Senses: topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: An automobile driving maneuver in which a driver slows down, but does not completely stop, at a stop sign.
Synonyms: word: California roll
word: California stop
word: Californian stop
word: country stop
sourcing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɔɹsɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of source
sourcing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɔɹsɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)sɪŋ
Forms: form: sourcings
Senses: examples: text: But even such specific sourcings of ideas from string theory presuppose a certain cultural currency of string theory as a whole.
ref: 2013, Sean Miller, Strung Together:
glosses: The process by which something is sourced, or obtained from another place.
glosses: The supply of resources needed by a business process.
Derived terms: impact sourcing
insourcing
outsourcing
po-faced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈpəʊ.feɪst/
Forms: form: more po-faced
form: most po-faced
Etymology: Uncertain, probably from po, abbreviated slang based on French pot de chambre (“chamber pot”), after the distasteful expression anyone would adopt upon being presented with a full one. Perhaps similarly from pooh; perhaps influenced by poker-faced. Also possibly “poor-faced”.
Senses: examples: text: Nae hassle man . . . I'll git oaf the skag, and Saughton's barry fir hash. It'll be a piece ay pish likesay . . . he sais, as he's escorted away by a po–faced labdick.
ref: 1993, Irvine Welsh, Trainspotting, Times Film School, page 68:
text: I mean, you would never guess if you came up from the South to Edinburgh in August that it is such a po-faced, humourless place, now would you?
ref: 2007 August 16, Kelvin Holdsworth, “Edinburgh?”, in Thurible.net:
glosses: Wearing a particularly stern and disapproving expression; humourless; priggish.
glosses: Poker-faced.
Derived terms: po-face
poker-faced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more poker-faced
form: most poker-faced
form: poker faced
form: pokerfaced
Etymology: From the attitude necessary in the game of poker, since one is ill-advised to reveal delight at being dealt a winning hand lest other players decline to bet (or contrariwise, show disappointment at a poor hand if one is inclined to bluff).
Senses: examples: text: John, in his most poker-faced manner, continued to explain the rules.
text: Harold Lloyd had had one or two minor comic brushes with railway trains, but the first man to produce real comedy from locomotives was the great poker-faced clown, Buster Keaton.
ref: 1958 February 24, David Gunston, “Railways on the Screen”, in Railway Magazine, pages 87-88:
synonyms: deadpan
expressionless
unexpressive
impassive
glosses: Wearing a poker face: studiously neutral in facial expression; giving nothing away.
Related terms: po-faced
poker faced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more poker faced
form: most poker faced
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of poker-faced.
subordinates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of subordinate
subordinates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of subordinate
subordinating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of subordinate
subordinated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of subordinate
field marshal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: field marshals
Etymology: From field + marshal, calque of German Feldmarschall or its source, Middle French maréchal de camp.
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: In certain nations the highest military rank, ranking below only the commander in chief; now mostly disused, being reserved for wartime or post-wartime use, and having become ceremonial in some countries.
Related terms: field-tested
in the field
generalissimo
grand admiral
canzone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: canzones
form: canzoni
Etymology: From Italian canzone (“song”), from Latin cantiō. Doublet of cantion and chanson.
Senses: glosses: An Italian or Provençal song or ballad.
glosses: A canzona (mediaeval Italian instrumental composition).
Related terms: canzonet
canzonetta
field of honor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fields of honor
form: field of honour
Senses: examples: text: Neither had ever mentioned the duel or the cause of it since that morning upon the field of honor.
ref: 1913 June–December, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “A Duel”, in The Return of Tarzan, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, […], published March 1915, →OCLC, page 83:
glosses: A battlefield; any place where a fight, battle, duel, etc., is fought.
-ile
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin -īlis.
Senses: glosses: Tending to, or capable of.
Derived terms: audile
hexadecile
prehensile
quantile
sextile
fire marshal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fire marshals
form: fire marshall
Senses: glosses: A public official with police powers responsible for enforcing fire safety regulations, and sometimes, who also investigates suspicious fires.
Synonyms: fire chief
Skinnerism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Skinner + -ian, after Burrhus Frederic Skinner, American experimental psychologist.
Senses: glosses: The techniques and theories of B. F. Skinner.
wikipedia: Burrhus Frederic Skinner
Related terms: Skinnerian
skirmisher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: skirmishers
Etymology: From skirmish + -er.
Senses: examples: text: A skirmisher had fired three shots at the Captain -- the third striking his horse. He dismounted to see how much the animal was injured, and had just placed one foot in the stirrup to remount when the same man fired again. The ball this time struck the Captain in the back -- he raised one hand and fell to the ground dead.
ref: 1863 June 14, “THE GREAT CAVALRY BATTLE.; Further Interesting Details from a Special Correspondent. The Part Taken by the Column Un- der Gen. Gregg. The Battle near Brandy Station. Dashing Charges and Hand to Hand Fighting. Narrow Escape of the Rebel Gen Stuart. INCIDENTS AND CASUALTIES.”, in The New York Times:
text: The action was commenced by emulous skirmishers, who crawled from the woodsides, and annoyed each other from coverts of ridge, stump, and stone heap.
ref: 1866, George Alfred Townsend, Campaigns of a non-combatant:
glosses: An infantry soldier used for skirmishing.
slashed velvet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: slashed velvets
Senses: glosses: Velvet with slits that reveal a differently coloured lining.
slavering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of slaver
slavering
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: drooling saliva
slavering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: slaverings
Senses: examples: text: This Ra was not willing to divulge, but he was old at this time, and Isis got him into her power, for she formed a serpent from his slaverings and the earth and set it in the path of the god, who was bitten and brought near death […]
ref: 1988, Marian Edwardes, A Dictionary of Non-Classical Mythology:
glosses: saliva dropped from the mouth
fireboat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fireboats
Etymology: From fire + boat.
Senses: glosses: A harbor boat designed for pumping large volumes of harbor water onto dockside fires.
Coordinate terms: fire engine
firefighter
firehose
Related terms: fireship
embellishments
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of embellishment
fire ship
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fire ships
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of fireship.
slaver
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈslævə/
enpr: slăvʹər
ipa: /ˈslævɚ/
rhymes: -ævə(ɹ)
Forms: form: slavers
form: slavering
form: slavered
form: slavered
Etymology: From Middle English slaveren, from Old Norse slafra (“to slaver”), probably imitative. Doublet of slabber.
Senses: glosses: To drool saliva from the mouth; to slobber.
glosses: To fawn.
examples: text: A fearsome sight it was to behold how he swelled in his wrath, and his eyes blazed like disastrous stars at midnight, and being wood with anger he gnashed his teeth till the froth stood at his lips and slavered down his chin.
ref: 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, page 27:
glosses: To be drooled out of someone’s mouth.
raw_tags: of saliva
glosses: To smear with saliva issuing from the mouth.
examples: text: should I, damn'd then, / Slaver with lips as common as the stairs / That mount the Capitol
ref: c. 1611, William Shakespeare, Cymbeline, act 1, scene 7:
glosses: To be besmeared with saliva.
Synonyms: sense: emit saliva
word: drool
sense: emit saliva
word: slobber
slaver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈslævə/
enpr: slăvʹər
ipa: /ˈslævɚ/
rhymes: -ævə(ɹ)
Etymology: From Middle English slaveren, from Old Norse slafra (“to slaver”), probably imitative. Doublet of slabber.
Senses: examples: text: Of all mad Creatures, if the Learn'd are right, / It is the Slaver kills, and not the Bite.
ref: 1735 January 13 (Gregorian calendar; indicated as 1734), [Alexander] Pope, An Epistle from Mr. Pope, to Dr. Arbuthnot, London: […] J[ohn] Wright for Lawton Gilliver […], →OCLC, page 6, lines 101–102:
text: He went over to it, held it in his hands awhile, feeling its coolness, smelling the clammy slaver of the lather in which the brush was stuck.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 1]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Saliva running from the mouth; drool.