cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Middle Kingdom
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Middle Kingdom
Etymology: Calque from Chinese 中國／中国 (Zhōngguó).
Senses: examples: text: But though this Kingdom of China doth often change its Lord and Name, the Chineſes however have time out of mind called it by two other particular names, as Chungchoa, and Chungque ; the firſt whereof ſignifies The Middle Kingdom ; and the other, the Middle Garden.
ref: 1669, John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, →OCLC, pages 4–5:
text: The meeting point of the plateau and the plains is just east of the first great bend of the Yellow River. Significantly, it is at the central meeting point that we have the coalescence of the three cultures which produced the developed Shang culture. This area, known to the Chinese as Chung Yuan, or central plain, has always been the heartland of the “Middle Kingdom.”
ref: 1964, Sherman E. Lee, “Urban Civilization and the Indus Valley; Neolithic and Pre-Shang China”, in A History of Far Eastern Art, New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 23, columns 1, 2:
text: Genghis Khan initiated Beijing's nearly 800-year dominance over the Middle Kingdom. The city's current population numbers ten million people, far more than lived here in 1215 A.D. when the Mongol warlord conquered the strategically significant power center of Yanying and built Khanbalik, his new residence.
ref: 1999, “Beijing”, in The Book of the World, 2nd United States edition (Atlas), Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 367:
text: President Xi Jinping emerged stronger at the end of China’s Communist Party Congress. His desire to consolidate control however may not help his plans to keep the Middle Kingdom’s economic engine humming.
ref: 2017 October 26, Jennifer Saba, “Breakingviews - Viewsroom: China's leader cements his power”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 26 Jul 2022, Breakingviews:
text: After first appearing in China more than two years ago, Covid-19 has returned to the Middle Kingdom. The country had largely succeeded in keeping infection and mortality rates in check.
ref: 2022 March 22, Charles Pellegrin, Claire Hopes, Agnès Le Cossec, Laura Welfringer WELFRINGER, “China sticks to zero-Covid policy: Tens of millions endure new lockdown”, in France 24, archived from the original on 22 Mar 2022:
glosses: China.
Related terms: Zhongguo
Middle Kingdom
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Middle Kingdom
Etymology: Calque of German Mittleres Reich, eventually displacing Middle Empire, an older calque of the same term. Coined c. 1840 as part of a periodization of Ancient Egyptian history into Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms.
Senses: glosses: Egypt from the time of its reunification under Mentuhotep II in the 11th Dynasty (ending the First Intermediate Period) to its disintegration during the 13th Dynasty and the beginning of the Second Intermediate Period.
voluntas ordinata
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Latin
Senses: topics: Christianity
lifestyle
religion
theology
glosses: The position (opinion) that, while God has the power to do anything, once He chooses to do something, He ends his ability to do otherwise.
Coordinate terms: voluntas simplex
wear rose-colored glasses
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: wears rose-colored glasses
form: wearing rose-colored glasses
form: wore rose-colored glasses
form: worn rose-colored glasses
form: look through rose-colored glasses
form: look through rose-tinted glasses
form: see through rose-colored glasses
form: view through rose-colored glasses
Senses: glosses: To see the positive in things while being oblivious to the negative.
eliasite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: * From Elias, the name of a mine at Jáchymov, (Joachimsthal)
Senses: glosses: A deprecated name for gummite.
compressibility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: compressibilities
Senses: glosses: The degree to which something is compressible.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
thermodynamics
glosses: The product of pressure and molar volume divided by the product of the gas constant and the absolute temperature.
Derived terms: incompressibility
noncompressibility
dichronism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The quality of exhibiting two opposite traits at different times; see especially sexual dichronism
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A misspelling of dichroism
sexual dichronism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The practice, in some insects, of all the offspring of one sex being produced before all the offspring of the other
Sparky
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From the adjective sparky (“lively, animated”).
Senses: examples: text: You should keep working, driving for whatever goal you have your eye on, while at the same time avoiding a tip over into a workaholic relapse. How?
By becoming a manager, Sparky. The purpose of management is to make other people do the things that need doing, so you can think about strategy and leave early.
ref: 2007 November, Gil Schwartz, “Escape from the job monster”, in Men's Health, volume 22, number 9, →ISSN, page 122:
glosses: A nickname for a person who is lively and animated.
glosses: A name for a pet, traditionally especially a dog, with similar connotations.
sparky
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ki
Forms: form: sparkier
form: sparkiest
Etymology: From spark + -y.
Senses: examples: text: 1986 July, Texas Monthly, page 103,
Anthony's certainly hasn′t achieved the consistent level of Tony′s, but the menu is sparkier, more up to the minute.
text: With regular trains running back to Edinburgh as late as 11.30pm, you could consider sampling some of Glasgow′s nightlife, consistently sparkier and more cutting-edge than Edinburgh′s, or taking in some of the city′s innovative and high-quality theatre and live music.
ref: 2002, Donald Reid, The Rough Guide to Edinburgh, page 134:
text: She was recruited on the spot, completing a highly controversial line-up that would go on to produce some of the sparkiest, sassiest music of the early 80s.
ref: 2003, Jonathan Kennaugh, “Bow Wow Wow”, in Peter Buckley, editor, The Rough Guide to Rock, page 129:
glosses: Lively and animated.
Related terms: sparkler
sparkling
sparky
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ki
Forms: form: sparkies
Etymology: From spark + -y.
Senses: examples: text: The headlines ground out big and black at home, but by the time they had gone out on the Fleet broadcast circuits, been picked out of the air by Mr. Woodside′s sparkies in the radio shack, whacked onto a stencil and run through a mimeograph machine by Harry Dolliver, they were not nearly so impressive.
ref: 1964, Arnold S. Lott, Brave Ship, Brave Men, published 1994, page 77:
glosses: A radio operator.
examples: text: […]the manager of one of the largest hotels, also a committee member ‘let it be known that sparkies working for the hotel should be involved in the programme. The next day saw three very keen contractors ring us up to enrol.’
ref: 2001, Jane Kenway, Peter Kelly, Sue Willis, “6: Manufacturing the Global Locality, Customizing the School and Designing Young Workers”, in Jack Demaine, editor, Sociology of Education Today, UK: Palgrave, page 138:
text: Pete said that the sparkies, the electricians, had turned the power off.
ref: 2004, Stephanie Smith, Underground London, UK: Hachette, unnumbered page:
text: Sam and Jamie set up the barbecue and tables they′d borrowed from the surf club, Tony organised all the tradesmen, the chippies quickly put the first platform in place so Fizz could set up her sound system while the sparkies rigged up sound and lights, and the plumbers were happy to act as security.
ref: 2008, Laurine Croasdale, Surf Sisters, Pan Macmillan Australia, page 122:
text: 2010, Meegan Jones, Sustainable Event Management: A Practical Guide, Earthscan, UK and US, page 86,
You need to educate yourself so you can talk turkey with the sparkies. You don′t need an electrician′s qualification, but if you can demonstrate a basic understanding of the principles behind supplying power to your event, you can have a decent conversation about options and solutions.
glosses: An electrician.
unserviceable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + serviceable.
Senses: examples: text: 1591, Walter Raleigh, A Report of the Truth of the Fight about the Iles of Açores, this last Sommer betwixt the Reuenge, one of her Maiesties Shippes, and an Armada of the King of Spaine, London: William Ponsonbie; Riverside Press, 1902,
And that which was most to our disaduantage, the one halfe part of the men of euerie shippe sicke, and vtterly vnseruiceable.
text: First Soldier. [Reads] ‘First demand of him how many horse the duke is strong.’ What say you to that? / Parolles. Five or six thousand; but very weak and unserviceable: […]
ref: c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
text: The moſt in ſoule deiected; the moſt baſe, / And moſt vnſeruiceable weede, vnles / You by your heauenly Influence change his vilenes / Into a vertuall habit fit for vſe.
ref: 1607, Thomas Dekker, “The Whore of Babylon. […]”, in The Dramatic Works of Thomas Dekker […], volume II, London: John Pearson […], published 1873, →OCLC, page 216:
text: […] if a Man hath too mean an Opinion of himself, ’twill render him unserviceable both to God and Man.
ref: 1696, John Selden, “Humility”, in Table-Talk, London: Jacob Tonson, page 68:
text: But things unserviceable in one way, may with advantage be applied in another, that is, if one have genius enough for the purpose.
ref: 1846 February 26, Herman Melville, chapter XIX, in Narrative of a Four Months’ Residence among the Natives of a Valley of the Marquesas Islands; or, A Peep at Polynesian Life [Typee], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, part I, page 162:
english: Typee
translation: Typee
text: […] I expect she’ll ruin that dress driving over there in the dust and dew with it, and it looks most too thin for these damp nights. Organdy’s the most unserviceable stuff in the world anyhow, and I told Matthew so when he got it.
ref: 1908 June, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter XXXIII, in Anne of Green Gables, Boston, Mass.: L[ouis] C[oues] Page & Company, →OCLC:
text: The '08' was acquired from Gemini Rail Services. It was heavily corroded, unserviceable due to a damaged crankshaft, and had been used to donate spares to other '08s'.
ref: 2020 April 22, “Network News: Battery-powered shunter ready to begin testing”, in Rail, page 20:
synonyms: u/s
glosses: Unusable; of no use.
examples: text: During 1936, revealed Pravda, the Gorky plant set itself the task of turning out 12,000 cars. The actual output was 2,500. In one day 24 of 47 cars turned out were tagged “unserviceable.”
ref: 1937 January 25, “Hornlessness”, in Time:
text: [The war] just didn’t stop, till all the bombs were gone and all the aircraft were unserviceable.
ref: 1957, Neville Shute, chapter 3, in On the Beach, New York: William Morrow & Co.:
glosses: Of machinery, etc.: not working.
glosses: Impractical.
surged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: The lighting surged through the man's body.
glosses: simple past and past participle of surge
cannoneer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kænəˈnɪə/
ipa: /ˌkænəˈnɪ(ə)ɹ/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: cannoneers
form: cannonier
Etymology: Borrowed from French canonnier, with the ending reshaped to English -eer (suffix forming agent nouns denoting people associated with, concerned with, or engaged in specified activities). Canonnier is derived from Middle French cannonier, canonnier, from canon (“cannon”) (from cane (from Old French cane (“tube”), from Latin canna (“cane; reed; something resembling a cane”), from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾱ (kắnnā, “giant reed (Arundo donax)”), from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm, “reed”)) + -on (augmentative suffix)) + -ier (suffix denoting a profession). By surface analysis, cannon + -eer.
Senses: examples: text: Luckily, the cannoneer was only mildly injured when his cannon malfunctioned.
text: Then ſe the bringing of our ordinance / Along the trench into the battery, / VVhere vve vvil haue gabions of ſix foot broad / To ſaue our Cannoniers from muſket ſhot, […]
ref: c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The Second Part […], 2nd edition, part 2, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene i, signature [G6], recto:
text: The Irish cannoneers stood gallantly to their pieces till they were cut down to a man.
ref: 1851, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XII, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume III, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC, page 244:
text: Just as the spring came laughing through the strife / With all its gorgeous cheer; / In the bright April of historic life / Fell the great cannoneer.
ref: 1894 (date written), James R[yder] Randall, “John Pelham”, in H. M. Wharton, compiler, War Songs and Poems of the Southern Confederacy 1861–1865 […], Philadelphia, Pa.: International Publishing Co., published 1904, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 326:
text: The American cannoneers, normally positioned well behind the front lines, found themselves unexpectedly thrust into a firefight. The cannoneers slammed shell after shell at the big German tanks, but the 105mm high-explosive rounds burst with little effect.
ref: 2002, Mark J. Reardon, “The Lost Battalion”, in Victory at Mortain: Stopping Hitler’s Panzer Counteroffensive (Modern War Studies), Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, →ISBN, page 156:
topics: government
military
politics
war
synonyms: bombardier
cannoner
gunner
hypernyms: artillerist
artilleryman
artillerywoman
glosses: An artillery soldier who maintains and operates (historical) a cannon, or (now) some other piece of heavy artillery.
wikipedia: British Army
Ordnance QF 25-pounder
Derived terms: cannoneering
barrer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: barrers
Etymology: From bar + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The worst merely bars some exceptions without looking at the proof at all. Hence the mystification when we have the proof on the one hand and the exceptions on the other. In the mind of such primitive exception-barrers, the proof and the exceptions exist in two completely separate compartments.
ref: 1976, Imre Lakatos, John Worrall, Elie Zahar, Proofs and Refutations: The Logic of Mathematical Discovery:
glosses: One who or that which bars.
barrer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: barrers
Etymology: Named after New Zealand-born chemist Richard Barrer.
Senses: glosses: A non-SI unit of gas permeability.
tazza
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tazzas
form: tazze
Etymology: From Italian tazza. Doublet of tass.
Senses: examples: text: a pair of royal George III silver gilt tazzas
ref: 2009 June 19, Wendy Moonan, “A Trove of Steinbeck”, in New York Times:
glosses: A shallow saucer-like dish, mounted either on a stem and foot or on a foot alone.
calcular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: a calcular deposit
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to a calculus.
shocker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃɑkɚ/
ipa: /ˈʃɒkə/
rhymes: -ɒkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: shockers
head_nr: 1
Etymology: From shock + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The election results were a real shocker.
head_nr: 1
glosses: One who or that which shocks or startles.
examples: text: Olimar: 'This shocker was one of several weapons wielded by the nightmarish titan dweevil. It allowed the creature to smite Pikmin with zaps of lightning!'
ref: 2004, Nintendo EAD, Pikmin 2, Nintendo (Treasure Hoard: Shock Therapist)
text: Recently, the family decided that some obedience training would be of great value. The cost of doggie school being what it is, my daughter opted to purchase a shocker collar instead.
ref: 2007, David W. Thompson, A Stranger's Journey, page 87:
head_nr: 1
glosses: A device for giving electric shocks.
examples: text: My performance today was an absolute shocker, I just wasn't feeling it.
head_nr: 1
glosses: Something done very badly.
examples: text: The mechanical shocker is attached to the ordinary binder by two tubular stays, the more important one passing from about the center of the bull wheel and supporting a chain and sprocket wheel which transmit the drive to the shocker.
ref: 1923, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of Experiment Stations, “Rural engineering”, in Experiment Station Record, volume 48, page 186:
topics: agriculture
business
lifestyle
head_nr: 1
glosses: Synonym of stooker.
synonyms: word: stooker
head_nr: 1
glosses: An offensive hand gesture suggesting two in the pink, one in the stink.
Derived terms: shilling shocker
formular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more formular
form: most formular
Etymology: From formula + -ar.
Senses: glosses: Following or relating to a formula; formulaic.
Derived terms: formularise
formularism
formularization
pigeon hole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pigeon holes
Senses: examples: text: However, as my friend came dodging towards my door, I saw him through the usual pigeon hole through which warders speak to their prisoners.
ref: 1962, Kenneth D[avid] Kaunda, “Prison”, in Zambia shall be Free: An Autobiography (African Writers Series; 4), London; Melbourne, Vic.: Heinemann Educational Books, →OCLC, page 127:
glosses: Alternative form of pigeonhole.
manipular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more manipular
form: most manipular
Etymology: From Latin manipulāris: compare French manipulaire.
Senses: glosses: of or relating to a maniple (Roman army division)
examples: text: manipular operations
glosses: manipulatory
glosses: manipulative
Derived terms: micromanipular
violar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: violars
Senses: glosses: A viol player.
Ostic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Pertaining to, or applied to, the language of the Tuscaroras, Iroquois, Wyandots, Winnebagoes, and a part of the Sioux Indians.
waterfalls
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of waterfall
waterfalls
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of waterfall
outpouring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: outpourings
Etymology: From out- + pouring.
Senses: examples: text: Let me speak—I know I may trust your kindness; and, even if you turned into after ridicule the bitter outpouring of this moment's misery, you would but do as others, in whom I trusted, have done.
ref: 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIX, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 195:
text: The protests rank among the largest outpourings of dissent since the nation’s military dictatorship ended in 1985.
ref: 2013 June 18, Simon Romero, “Protests Widen as Brazilians Chide Leaders”, in New York Times, retrieved 21 Jun 2013:
text: Great Britain has collected its first gold medal of the London Games after Heather Stanning and Helen Glover won the coxless pairs with a stunning performance that will spark a mass outpouring of celebration and relief across the country.
ref: 2012 August 1, Owen Gibson, London 2012: rowers Glover and Stanning win Team GB's first gold medal, Guardian Unlimited:
glosses: The sudden outward flowing of a large amount of something.
Synonyms: outpour
outpourings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of outpouring
milksop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɪlkˌsɒp/
Forms: form: milksops
Etymology: From Middle English milksop, mylk sop, mylke soppe, equivalent to milk + sop.
Senses: glosses: A piece of bread sopped in milk.
glosses: A dish consisting of bread pieces in a bowl, sprinkled with sugar and covered in hot milk.
examples: text: And vvho doth lead them but a paltrey fellovv,? / Long kept in Brittaine at our mothers coſt, / A milkeſopt, one that neuer in his life / Felt ſo much colde as ouer ſhooes in ſnovv: […]
ref: c. 1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Tragedy of King Richard the Third. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Valentine Sims [and Peter Short] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1597, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii], signature M2, verso:
text: “That milksop of a creature pretend to be worthy of such a woman as Mrs. Pendennis,” broke out the Doctor: “where will impudence stop next!”
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XVI, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
synonyms: milquetoast
sissy
wuss
glosses: An easily frightened, ineffectual, or weak person.
Synonyms: word: big girl's blouse
word: candy-arse
word: candy-ass
word: milksop
word: milquetoast
word: namby
word: namby-pamby
word: nestle-cock
word: pansy
word: pantywaist
word: poon
word: pushover
word: pussy
word: sissy
word: softy
word: tenderling
word: weakling
word: weenie
word: wimp
word: wuss
word: wussy
Derived terms: milksopism
milksoppery
milksoppish
milksoppy
Related terms: word: winesop
word: mama's boy
word: mollycoddle
word: coward
word: pamper
word: effeminate man
distending
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of distend
you never know what you've got till it's gone
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Senses: synonyms: you never miss the water till the well runs dry
glosses: People tend to take things for granted while they are available.
antipode
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæn.tɪ.poʊd/
rhymes: -əʊd
Forms: form: antipodes
Etymology: Back-formation from antipodes.
Senses: examples: text: The very Reverse of a Wit. The Antipode of Sense.
ref: 1704, David Crawford, Love at First Sight: A Comedy, London: R. Basset, page 58:
text: In many ways, Memphis was the antipode of Boston.
ref: 2010, Siddhartha Mukherjee, The Emperor of All Maladies, Fourth Estate (2011), page 167:
synonyms: antipous
glosses: Something directly opposite or diametrically opposed.
Derived terms: antipodal
antipodean
lona
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lonas
Senses: glosses: A bonus scored in the game of kabaddi for getting the entire opposing team declared as out.
aegilops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: aegilopses
form: ægilops
Etymology: From Latin aegilōps, from Ancient Greek αἰγίλωψ (aigílōps, “haver-grass (Aegilops neglecta)”).
Senses: examples: text: If the ægilops be neglected, it bursts, and degenerates into a fistula, which eats into the bone.
ref: 1823, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 6th edition, volume 2, page 205:
text: 1829, Thomas Curtis (editor), The London Encyclopaedia: or, Universal Dictionary of Science, Art, Literature, And Practical Mechanics, Volume I: A to America,
If the ægilops be accompanied with an inflammation, it is supposed to take its rise from the abundance of blood, which a plethoric habit discharges on the corner of the eye.
text: The ægilops is an apostematous swelling between the great canthus and the nose ; and it is an affection difficult to cure, owing to the thinness of the bodies, and the fear of injuring the eye by sympathy.
ref: 1846, Paulus Aegineta, translated by Francis Adams, The Seven Books of Paulus Ægineta, volume 2, page 284:
glosses: An ulcer or fistula in the inner angle of the eye.
glosses: Goatgrass (Aegilops spp.) or other grass found as a corn-weed.
cabdriver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cabdrivers
form: cab driver
form: cab-driver
Etymology: From cab + driver.
Senses: synonyms: cabbie
taxi driver
coordinate_terms: cabowner
glosses: One who drives a taxi for a living.
glosses: One who drives a carriage for a living.
anti-venene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: anti-venenes
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Alternative form of antivenene.
armscye
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɑːmˌsaɪ/
ipa: /ˈɑɹmˌsaɪ/
Forms: form: armscyes
form: armsaye
Etymology: From arm + scye.
Senses: glosses: An opening in a garment for the attachment of a sleeve; an armhole.
cost function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cost functions
Senses: glosses: Any mathematical relationship between an activity and its cost.
Related terms: fixed cost
loss function
objective function
unit cost
variable cost
critical function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: critical functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function, in the calculus of variations, that satisfies the Euler equations
calculus of variations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: the calculus of variations
Senses: examples: text: The next advance was made by Cauchy in a memoir on the calculus of variations published in the third volume of his Exercices d'analyse et de Physique Mathématique, 1844, extending from page 50 to page 130.
ref: 1885, Lewis Buffett Carll, A Treatise on the Calculus of Variations, Macmillan and Co., page 550:
text: 2004, Bernard Dacorogna, Introduction to the Calculus of Variations, 2nd Edition, Imperial College Press, page 2,
In the nineteenth century and in parallel to some of the work that was mentioned above, probably, the most celebrated problem of the calculus of variations emerged, namely the study of the Dirichlet integral; a problem of multiple integrals.
text: On the other hand, we can also consider that the calculus of variations includes all optimization problems where the unknown are functions[…].
ref: 2023, Filippo Santambrogio, A Course in the Calculus of Variations, Springer, page 57:
topics: calculus
mathematics
sciences
glosses: The form of calculus that deals with the maxima and minima of definite integrals of functions of many variables.
maxima
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: maximae
form: maximas
Etymology: From Latin maxima (“greatest”). Doublet of maxim.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
synonyms: word: larga
word: duplex longa
word: octuple whole note
glosses: A music note typically equal to two longae (eight semibreves).
maxima
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Latin maxima (“greatest”). Doublet of maxim.
Senses: glosses: plural of maximum
minima
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin minima, nominative neuter plural form of minimus (“least, smallest”).
Senses: glosses: plural of minimum
Synonyms: minimums
flavenoids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of flavenoid
definite integral
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: definite integrals
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The integral of a function between an upper and lower limit
Related terms: indefinite integral
indefinite integral
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indefinite integrals
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The set of all functions whose derivative is a given function; the set of all antiderivatives of a given function.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A function whose derivative is a given function; an antiderivative.
Related terms: definite integral
zerks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of zerk
flavenoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: flavenoids
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of flavonoid.
cylinder function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cylinder functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function that is a solution of the Bessel equation
Hypernyms: function
Hyponyms: parabolic cylinder function
Related terms: Bessel function
Hankel function
Neumann function
decreasing function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: decreasing functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function of a real variable whose value decreases (or is constant) as the variable increases.
Derived terms: strictly decreasing function
strictly decreasing function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: strictly decreasing functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function of a real variable whose value decreases as the variable increases.
Related terms: decreasing function
difunctional
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From di- + functional.
Senses: glosses: bifunctional
Derived terms: difunctionally
heterodifunctional
electron wave function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: electron wave functions
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A function of the position and spin of an electron; related to the probability of finding the electron in a specified position
elementary function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: elementary functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function that is composed of algebraic functions, trigonometric functions, exponential functions and/or logarithmic functions, combined using addition, subtraction, multiplication and/or division
exponential function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: exponential functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function in which an independent variable is in the form of an exponent; they are the inverse functions of logarithms
logarithmic function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: logarithmic functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function in which an independent variable appears in the form of a logarithm; they are the inverse functions of exponential functions
inverse function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inverse functions
Senses: examples: text: Halving is the inverse function of doubling.
text: If an inverse function exists for a given function, then it is unique.
text: The inverse function of an inverse function is the original function.
text: In the context of linearization, we recall the reflective property of inverse functions; the ƒ curve contains the point (a,b) if and only if the ƒ⁻¹ curve contains the point (b,a).
ref: 1995, Nicholas M. Karayanakis, Advanced System Modelling and Simulation with Block Diagram Languages, CRC Press, page 217:
text: An example of another function that has an inverse function is f(x)#61;4x#43;5.
Its inverse is f#123;-1#125;(x)#61;#92;frac#123;x-5#125;#123;4#125;.
ref: 2014, Mary Jane Sterling, Trigonometry For Dummies, 2nd edition, Wiley, page 51:
text: In words, this formula says that the derivative of a function, f, with respect to x, is the reciprocal of the derivative of its inverse function with respect to f.
ref: 2014, Mark Ryan, Calculus For Dummies, Wiley, 2nd Edition, page 147, If f and g are inverse functions, then f'(x)=1/(g'(f(x)))
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: For a given function f, another function, denoted f⁻¹, that reverses the mapping action of f; (formally) given a function f:X→Y, a function g:Y→X such that, ∀x∈X,f(x)=y⟹g(y)=x.
Synonyms: sense: function that reverses the mapping action of a given function
word: anti-function
raw_tags: in this sense
Related terms: invertible
dissipation function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dissipation functions
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The function governing the rate at which mechanical energy is converted to heat during viscous flow.
Hypernyms: function
Hyponyms: Rayleigh's dissipation function
viscous dissipation function
elliptic function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: elliptic functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function of a complex variable which is periodic in two directions.
Hypernyms: function
Hyponyms: Jacobian elliptic function
Weierstrassian elliptic function
elliptic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈlɪp.tɪk/
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐλλειπτικός (elleiptikós), from ἐλλείπω (elleípō, “I leave out, omit”). By surface analysis, ellipse + -tic.
Senses: examples: text: Novv ſince the Planets move in Elliptick Orbits, in one of vvhoſe foci the Sun is, and by a Radius from the Sun deſcribe equal Area's in equal Times, vvhich no other Lavv of a Circulating Fluid, but the Harmonical Circulation can Account for, vve muſt find out a Lavv for the Paracentrical Motion, that may make the Orbits Elliptick.
ref: 1705, George Cheyne, “Of the Physical Laws, and the Uniform Appearances of Nature. Law III.”, in Philosophical Principles of Natural Religion: […], London: […] George Strahan […], →OCLC, § XXIV, page 39:
text: In this chapter, the history of solving elliptic problems by direct marching methods is reviewed.
ref: 1995, Patrick J. Roache, Elliptic Marching Methods and Domain Decomposition, page 1:
topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to an ellipse.
examples: text: elliptic integral
text: elliptic function
text: elliptic curve
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to a broad field of mathematics that originates from the problem of calculating arc lengths of an ellipse.
examples: text: elliptic partial differential equation
text: elliptic operator
text: elliptic regularity
topics: mathematics
sciences
qualifier: equations and operators
glosses: That has coefficients satisfying a condition analogous to the condition for the general equation for a conic section to be of an ellipse.
raw_tags: of certain functions
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Oval, with a short or no point.
raw_tags: of leaves
examples: text: The message, which is elliptic, could be spelled out as: (Hello) Olive. This is Julian. I am here until you want to ring me.
ref: 2007, Karin Aijmer, “Idiomaticity in a cultural and activity type perspective: The conventionalization of routine phrases in answering-machine messages”, in Phraseology and Culture in English, page 331:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Of, or showing ellipsis; having a word or words omitted; elliptical.
Synonyms: sense: of or pertaining to an ellipse
word: elliptical
Coordinate terms: sense: whose coefficients satisfy a condition
word: hyperbolic
sense: whose coefficients satisfy a condition
word: parabolic
Derived terms: bielliptic
bi-elliptic transfer
coelliptic
elliptic curve
elliptic function
ellipticine
elliptic integral
ellipticity
elliptic operator
elliptic paraboloid
elliptic regularity
elliptic spring
hemielliptic
hyperelliptic
hypoelliptic
isoelliptic
semielliptic
semi-elliptic
subelliptic
superelliptic
ultraelliptic
Related terms: elliptical
elliptically
elliptic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈlɪp.tɪk/
Forms: form: elliptics
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐλλειπτικός (elleiptikós), from ἐλλείπω (elleípō, “I leave out, omit”). By surface analysis, ellipse + -tic.
Senses: examples: text: The Planetary Paths I trace, / Exploring Realms of boundleſs Space; / Elliptics, Angles, Cubes, and Curves, / In me ſupply the Place of Nerves; […]
ref: 1765, John Nichols, “[New Ænigmas, to be answered next Year.] (2.) Ænigma 192”, in The Gentleman’s Diary, or The Mathematical Repository; an Almanack […], London: […] [T]he Company of Stationers, page 45:
text: Two men were smoking over a bottle of wine at one table; they were talking of parabolics and elliptics, and describing diagrams on the table with a wet finger; […]
ref: 1807, Manuel Alvarez Espriella [pseudonym; Robert Southey], “Mail Coaches.—Mr. Palmer ill-used.—Vicinity of Birmingham.—Collieries on fire.—Stafford.—Stone.—Newcastle-under-Line.—Punishments for Scolding.—Cheshire.—Bridgewater Arms at Manchester.”, in Letters from England, volume II, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, […], page 137:
text: Diagrams geometric, on parchmental scroll; / Circles, ovals, elliptics and such, / He sure figures will tell what is inside the knoll, / And tho far under ground, he’s in touch / With the hidden deposits of mineral ore, / And lost channels ’neath mountains he feels: […]
ref: 1916, “Platinum Bill” [pseudonym; Wilfrid Robert Smith], “The Dreamster”, in Under the Northern Lights, Portland, Ore.: The Columbia Printing Co., stanza II, pages 32–33:
text: The fix points of hyperbolics and parabolics in F must lie on the fixed circle C, while the fixed points of elliptics in F are inverse with respect to C.
ref: 1987 December, Benjamin Fine, “Fuchsian embeddings in the Bianchi groups”, in Canadian Journal of Mathematics, volume XXXIX, number 6, page 1435:
glosses: An elliptical function, equation, path, etc.
entire function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: entire functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function of a complex variable that is holomorphic throughout the complex plane
even function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: even functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
coordinate_terms: odd function
glosses: Any function whose value is unchanged if the independent variable changes sign i.e. f(x) = f(-x)
excitation function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: excitation functions
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The relationship between the energy of an electron and its ability to excite an atom to a particular excited state
executive ego function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: executive ego functions
Senses: topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: The management of mental processes by the ego in order to meet an individual's needs
explicit function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: explicit functions
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any function whose value may be directly calculated from the independent variable.
Related terms: implicit function
implicit function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: implicit functions
Senses: examples: text: An important class of implicit functions comprises those defined by equations of the form x-f(y)#61;0. Choosing y as the value means that the implicit function is the inverse of f. This type of implicit function is of particular interest when that inverse is not expressible as a closed-form expression, and thus is difficult to study directly.
text: Thus, in the equation,
#92;quad#92;quad#92;quaday²#43;bxy#43;cx²#43;d#61;0;
y is an implicit function of x. Implicit functions are generally connected with their variables by one or more equations. When these equations are solved the implicit equation becomes explicit.
[…]The differential of an implicit function may be found without first finding the function itself.
ref: 1871, William G. Peck, Practical Treatise on the Differential and Integral Calculus, A. S. Barnes & Company, page 50:
text: The process of evaluating the derivatives in the case of implicit functions is exemplified below.
ref: 1875, J. Minot Rice, W. Woolsey Johnson, The Elements of the Differential Calculus, Part 2, Washington: Government Printing Office, page 71:
text: In this section we discuss the analysis of implicit functions for addressing questions like this.
ref: 2002, Michael W. Klein, Mathematical Methods for Economics, Addison-Wesley, page 245:
topics: algebraic-geometry
geometry
mathematical-analysis
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A function defined by a (multivariable) implicit equation when one of the variables is regarded as the value of the function, especially where said equation is such that the value is not directly calculable from the other variables.
Related terms: explicit function
implicit curve
implicit equation
implicit differentiation
implicit function theorem
algebraic function
functional equation
feedback transfer function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: feedback transfer functions
Senses: glosses: The transfer function of the feedback path of a control system
forward transfer function
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: forward transfer functions
Senses: glosses: The transfer function of the forward path of a control system
function code
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: function codes
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Any character used to specify a function of a piece of software or hardware (such as carriage return of a printer)
function generator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: function generators
Senses: glosses: An electronic device used to generate a signal representing the periodic value of a given mathematical function, especially sine, square, triangle and sawtooth waveforms
function key
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: function keys
Etymology: First use appears c. 1930 in the listing of U.S. Patents.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Any of a set of keys on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used to activate a predefined or programmable function, especially a numbered row of keys (F1, F2, etc.) above the alphanumeric keys.
predefined
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pre-defined
Etymology: From pre- + defined.
Senses: examples: text: These new features are charizing, stringization, token concatenation, string concatenation, trigraph replacement, and predefined macros.
ref: 1993, Mark Andrews, Visual C++ Object-oriented Programming, page 186:
text: The cell / DNA mixtures were nucleoporated in 1 cm transfection cuvettes according to a predefined program on the Nucleofactor.
ref: 2015 August 15, “Spatial and Temporal Control of Cavitation Allows High In Vitro Transfection Efficiency in the Absence of Transfection Reagents or Contrast Agents”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Having been defined or established previously.
Hyponyms: defined
Derived terms: predefined function
predefined
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pre-defined
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of predefine
predefine
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: predefines
form: predefining
form: predefined
form: predefined
Etymology: From pre- + define.
Senses: glosses: To define in advance.
shift key
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shift keys
Etymology: First use appears c. 1883 in the listing of U.S. Patents.
Senses: glosses: The key on a typewriter used to select uppercase letters and certain special characters by physically moving the mechanism
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A key on a personal computer or terminal keyboard used to effect the same function, or to change the function of the function keys.
céntimo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: céntimos
Senses: examples: text: The treasurer-general is hereby directed to pay to Mr. Ramon Soriano, lieutenant-colonel of infantry, the sum of one hundred seventy-eight thousand, six hundred forty-two pesos and thirty-three céntimos in drafts and letters of exchange, in order to negotiate the exchange of the same for cash in Manila, by order of the honorable Mr. President, the bearers of the same being Francisco Enaje and Lorenzo Sanchez, whose certification accompanies.
ref: 1903, John R[odgers] M[eigs] Taylor, compiler, Report on the Organization for the Administration of Civil Government Instituted by Emilio Aguinaldo and His Followers in the Philippine Archipelago, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 78:
text: They say they were dragged from their villages and compelled to take service; that almost half their men consist of Portuguese, who have been sent by the Salazar Government; that for three months they have not seen one céntimo of pay, and that a soldier who asked for a blanket was punished by being stripped and made to do duty in that condition for a whole night.
ref: 1958, Robert G[arland] Colodny, The Struggle for Madrid: The Central Epic of the Spanish Conflict 1936-1937, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, N.Y.: Routledge, published 2017, →ISBN:
text: The Bolivar is nominally subdivided into 100 céntimos, although coins denominated in céntimos no longer circulate.
ref: 2009, Mercer, The Global Manager’s Guide to Living and Working Abroad: Western Europe and the Americas, Westport, Conn.: Praeger Publishers, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 287:
glosses: Alternative form of centimo.
metica
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: meticas
Senses: glosses: A proposed currency of Mozambique in the 1970s, never put into circulation.
Related terms: metical
cauri
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cauris
Senses: glosses: A former monetary subdivision, equivalent to one hundredth of a Guinean syli.
glosses: An extremely tall tree found exclusively in New Zealand, the kauri.
glosses: A type of seashell found on the western coast of the African continent.
Related terms: cowrie
bipkwele
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ekwele
CEST
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Central European Summer Time.
AKST
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: AK (“Alaska”) + Standard Time
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of Alaska Standard Time.
Related terms: AKDT
Jesuits
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Jesuit
raged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of rage
Related terms: enraged
ribbons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ribbon
ribbons
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of ribbon
escorted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: With or having an escort.
Derived terms: unescorted
escorted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of escort
dispatched
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of dispatch
loosened
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of loosen
loosened
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more loosened
form: most loosened
Senses: glosses: Having been made less tight or more relaxed.
inmates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of inmate
smothered
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of smother
conquering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: conquerings
Etymology: From conquer + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: So Stellas heart finding what power Loue brings, / To keepe it ſelfe in life and liberty, / Doth willing graunt, that in the frontiers he / Vſe all to helpe his other conquerings: […]
ref: c. 1580s, Philip Sidney, “Astrophel and Stella”, in [Mary Sidney], editor, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia […] [The New Arcadia], 3rd edition, London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1598, →OCLC, sonnet 29, page 528:
english: The New Arcadia
translation: The New Arcadia
glosses: An act of conquest.
conquering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From conquer + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of conquer
sprinkled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of sprinkle
successes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of success
motioned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of motion