proleptic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹoʊˈlɛptɪk/
Forms: form: more proleptic
form: most proleptic
Etymology: From prolepsis (“anticipation”) + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: The Julian proleptic calendar is formed by applying the rules of the Julian calendar to times before Caesar's reform, and the Julian date (JD) specifies the particular instant of a day by ending the Julian day number with the fraction of the day elapsed since the preceding Greenwich noon.
ref: 1999, Kenneth R. Lang, Astrophysical Formulae: Space, Time, Matter and Cosmology, volume II, Springer, →ISBN, page 70:
text: The proleptic Gregorian calendar is produced by extending the Gregorian calendar backwards to dates preceding its official introduction in 1582.
ref: 2018, Ian Chivers, Jane Sleightholme, Introduction to Programming with Fortran, Springer, →ISBN, page 535:
text: The .NET epoch is midnight at the start of January 1st, AD 1, although that's AD 1 in a proleptic Gregorian calendar, which refers to even more complexity we haven't talked about yet.
ref: 2022, Tomasz Lelek, Jon Skeet, Software Mistakes and Tradeoffs: How to Make Good Programming Decisions, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 155:
glosses: Extrapolated to dates prior to its first adoption; of those used to adjust to or from the Julian calendar or Gregorian calendar.
raw_tags: of a calendar
examples: text: A far-seeing or proleptic wisdom.
ref: 1844, Thomas De Quincey, “Greece Under the Romans”, in Blackwood's Magazine:
text: In contrast with physical death, spiritual death might be called metaphorical. It becomes proleptic when contrasted with the second and final death.
ref: 1892, Emmanuel Pétavel-Olliff, The Problem of Immortality, page 208:
text: Herbert Gorman’s life of Joyce was written not only when Finnegans Wake was a long way from completion but with the handicap of the subject himself insisting on a hagiography featuring a prolonged, if proleptic, martyrdom.
ref: 1985 June, Anthony Burgess, “The Prisoner of Fame”, in The Atlantic:
text: In World Two, Jesus can be seen as the proleptic event, giving promise of God's vindication of creation in and through history.
ref: 1989, W. Paul Jones, Theological Worlds, Nashville: Abingdon Press, page 151:
text: In a world of youth idolatry, we easily lose our proleptic quality after the first peak, and become regressive, looking back toward the peaks already passed.
ref: 1995, John S. Murphy, Frederic M. Hudson, The Joy of Old: A Guide to Successful Elderhood, page 41:
text: Viewing the commons as a vehicle for a new world order, Randal Joy Thompson proposes ‘proleptic leadership’, which envisions how leaders will continue to be essential as the custodians of responsible agency and conscious choice.
ref: 2020, Randal Joy Thompson, Proleptic Leadership on the Commons:
glosses: Anticipatory; prescient or forward-looking.
examples: text: a 'proleptic' epithet describing the result of the hunt, means literally 'with leafage broken' and is formed from the stem of ἀγνύναι.
ref: 1904, Aeschylus, Arthur Woollgar Verrall, The 'Agamemnon' of Aeschylus, page 90:
text: There was no proleptic suffix in Moabite, according to the present evidence.
ref: 1985, W. Randall Garr, Dialect Geography of Syria-Palestine, 1000-586 B.C.E, page 168:
text: Starting in the spring of the second year, one terminal indeterminate floral shoot ( I ) was included at every terminal proleptic shoot ( L ) that arose from each proleptic and sylleptic shoot in the summer and full flush of the previous year.
ref: 2005, Jaime Esteban Salvo, The Effect of Nitrogen and Plant Growth Regulators on Sylleptic and Proleptic Shoot Development of 'Hass' Avocado (Persea Americana Mill.), page 104:
text: Submission, as is fitting for a dystopia written in the mode of the “not yet”, ends in a proleptic future tense, speaking of what will come for François and (with rather less authorial interest) for the people of France.
ref: 2015 September 8, Alex Preston, “Submission by Michel Houellebecq review – satire that’s more subtle than it seems”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: 8) Be proleptic, a word that comes from the Greek for “anticipation.” That is, get the better of the major objection to your argument by raising and answering it in advance.
ref: 2017 August 26, Bret Stephens, “Tips for Aspiring Op-Ed Writers”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Exhibiting or pertaining to prolepsis (any sense)
Related terms: prolepsis
proleptical
proleptically
procataleptic