cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
chuckwalla
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chuckwallas
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish chacahuala, from either Shoshone tcaxxwal or Cahuilla cháxwal.
Senses: glosses: A lizard, of the genus Sauromalus, living in arid regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Derived terms: taxonomic: Sauromalus hispidus
word: Angel Island chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus ater
word: common chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus slevini
word: Monserrat chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus australis
word: peninsular chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus varius
word: piebald chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus varius
word: pinto chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus klauberi
word: Santa Catalina chuckwalla
taxonomic: Sauromalus klauberi
word: spotted chuckwalla
hyson
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hysons
Etymology: Borrowed from Chinese 熙春 (xīchūn).
Senses: glosses: A Chinese green tea.
Derived terms: hyson skin
adoral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔːɹəl
Etymology: From ad- + oral.
Senses: examples: text: The feeding cavity should remain designated as a prostomial cavity, rather than the adoral, or buccal, cavity.
ref: 1977, Earl D. Hanson, The origin and early evolution of animals, Wesleyan:
text: I now prefer to consider it a specialized adoral seta, presupposed that the rutellum is also a specialized adoral seta. This means that paralabial and adoral are synonymous.
ref: 1969, Zoologische Mededeelingen:
glosses: Located near the mouth.
Derived terms: adorally
malacia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: malacias
Etymology: From Latin malacia, from Ancient Greek μαλακία (malakía, “softness, sickness”).
Senses: examples: text: As soon, namely, as a process of this sort sets in in a compound organ, as for example, a muscle, a palpable myo-malacia is certainly produced when all the muscular elements at a given point are at once affected; but it happens far more frequently that, in the course of a muscle, only a comparatively small number of primitive fasciculi are affected, whilst the others remain almost intact.
ref: 1860, Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow, Cellular Pathology as Based Upon Physiological and Pathological Histology, page 318:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Abnormal softening of organs or tissues of the human body.
examples: text: The least abnormal condition appears to be the malacia, or desire for highly spiced or acid foods that are sometimes seen in chlorotic girls and in pregnant women.
ref: 1916, A. J. Carlson, The Control of hunger in health and disease, page 267:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: An abnormal craving for certain types of food.
Derived terms: bronchomalacia
cardiomalacia
cerebromalacia
chondromalacia
craniomalacia
encephalomalacia
hepatomalacia
keratomalacia
laryngomalacia
leukoencephalomalacia
leukomalacia
malacic
myelomalacia
odontomalacia
osteomalacia
polioencephalomalacia
scleromalacia
tracheomalacia
callgirl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: callgirls
Etymology: From call + girl.
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of call girl.
callgirls
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of callgirl
Vaayu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Vayu.
Vāyu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Vayu.
klap
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: klaps
form: klapping
form: klapped
form: klapped
Etymology: From Afrikaans klap. Doublet of clap.
Senses: examples: text: You did something wrong and he klapped you.
ref: 2005, Al Lovejoy, Acid Alex:
text: 'I told him that the time wouldn't be right if we were the only two people left in the world, and then I klapped him, good and hard across the face.'
ref: 2010, Tony Park, Silent Predator, page 51:
glosses: To strike; to smack.
Bajina Bašta
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A town in the western mountains of Serbia
regretters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of regretter
revivers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of reviver
vetter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛtə/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɚ/
ipa: /-ɾɚ/
rhymes: -ɛtə
rhymes: -ɛtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: vetters
Etymology: From vet + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Mr. Marwan, the excited vetters discovered, was married to a daughter of Egypt’s president, Gamal Abdel Nasser."
ref: 2007 April 10, “Who Killed Ashraf Marwan?”, in The New York Times, retrieved 18 Sep 2015:
glosses: Agent noun of vet: one who vets.
vetters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of vetter
glorifier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glorifiers
Etymology: From glorify + -er.
Senses: glosses: Agent noun of glorify: one who glorifies.
Derived terms: bottle glorifier
glorifiers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of glorifier
hemiparesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hemipareses
Etymology: From hemi- + paresis.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: muscular weakness that affects only one side of the body
cor pulmonare
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Alternative spelling of cor pulmonale.
food pyramid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: food pyramids
Etymology: So called from its pyramid shape.
Senses: examples: text: The teacher reminded us to always start the food pyramid with the plants on the bottom.
glosses: A pyramid-shaped diagram in layers, where each layer represents a group of animals that feeds on the layer below.
examples: text: The food pyramid surprised me by showing that we should eat lots of cheese.
qualifier: nutrition
glosses: Any pyramidal diagram giving advice on how to eat healthily, particularly those widely publicized by the United States government.
magnanimousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From magnanimous + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: I was astounded by her magnanimousness: she had clearly forgiven him for everything that had happened.
glosses: The quality of being magnanimous.
Synonyms: magnanimity
driefats
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of driefat; alternative spelling of dryfats; see dryfat.
Lavigne
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ləˈvin/
Etymology: From French la vigne (“the vine, the vineyard”).
Senses: glosses: A surname from Old French.
driefat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: driefats
Senses: examples: text: […] they had entred the fort with our own men, which were then busied in setting Corne, their armes beeing then in driefats & few ready.
ref: 1608, John Smith, A True Relation:
glosses: Obsolete spelling of dryfat.
dryfat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dryfats
form: driefat
Etymology: From dry + fat. See fat (“large tub or vessel”).
Senses: glosses: A dry vat or basket.
dryfats
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dryfat
gleg
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡlɛɡ/
rhymes: -ɛɡ
Forms: form: glegs
form: glegging
form: glegged
form: glegged
Senses: glosses: To glance.
Synonyms: glance
gleg
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡlɛɡ/
rhymes: -ɛɡ
Forms: form: glegs
Senses: examples: text: And besides, you'd do the tomb so well. Everybody feels as if they want a gleg at the skeleton in your vault.
ref: 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:
glosses: A look or glance.
gleg
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡlɛɡ/
rhymes: -ɛɡ
Forms: form: glegs
Etymology: Variant forms.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of cleg.
gleg
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡlɛɡ/
rhymes: -ɛɡ
Forms: form: glegger
form: gleggest
Senses: examples: text: One patted her neck, and assured her she was the gleggest and bonniest young thing she had ever seen.
ref: 1856, Thomas Hamilton, The Youth and Manhood of Cyril Thornton, page 279:
glosses: Smart; quick; brisk.
Derived terms: glegly
glegness
Josias
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon:
glosses: A male given name from Hebrew, the New Testament Greek form of Josiah.
Love wave
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Love waves
Etymology: From the predictions of the mathematician A. E. H. Love.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
synonyms: Q-wave
glosses: A seismic surface shock wave with a lateral horizontal movement perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
Q-wave
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Q-waves
Etymology: The Q stands for German quer (“lateral, crosswise”).
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Synonym of Love wave.
synonyms: word: Love wave
megannum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌmɛɡˈænəm/
Forms: form: megannums
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of mega-annum.
comitiva
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Italian comitiva.
Senses: glosses: A band of brigands in Italy or Sicily.
Douglass
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A surname from Scottish Gaelic, a less common spelling of Douglas.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A city and township in Butler County, Kansas, named after founder Joseph W. Douglass.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A neighbourhood of Memphis, Tennessee, named after Frederick Douglass.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Nacogdoches County, Texas.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A neighbourhood in south-east Washington, D.C., also named after Frederick Douglass.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
Four townships in the United States, listed under Douglass Township.
Related terms: Doog
Doogie
Doug
Dougie
Douglas
elimination question
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: elimination questions
Senses: glosses: A tiebreaker question in a quiz bowl.
seismic moment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: seismic moments
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A quantity used to determine the size of an earthquake. Calculated either from a seismogram, or from the measurement of the area affected and the displacement of the rocks.
Related terms: moment magnitude scale
plutoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plutoids
Etymology: From Pluto + -oid.
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A trans-Neptunian dwarf planet.
plutoids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of plutoid
flood stage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: flood stages
Etymology: flood + stage
Senses: examples: text: The town flooded when the waters were just three feet over flood stage when the sandbags were washed away in three locations.
glosses: The elevation at which water overflows the natural banks of a river or other body of water in a given portion of the body of water.
pre
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹi/
Etymology: From Latin prae (“in front of”); see pre-.
Senses: examples: text: In the posting, Matthews said he wished that, “more blacks [sic] people would look into ancient beliefs of pre Christian Africa.”
ref: 2019 April 12, Paul P. Murphy and Samira Said, “Louisiana arson suspect expressed disgust with Baptist churches on Facebook”, in CNN:
glosses: Before (something significant).
Derived terms: pre-existing
pre
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹi/
Forms: form: pres
Etymology: Clippings.
Senses: examples: text: This one's for a short and sweet pres before heading to the club. If you're aiming to get absolutely SMASHED in a short amount of time, this is the game for you!
ref: 2022 February 28, Malou Baumann, “A round-up of all the best drinking games”, in The Tab, archived from the original on 06 Jul 2022:
glosses: Clipping of predrinks.
glosses: Clipping of precum.
examples: text: The formal is about 95 per cent hype and hysteria, and about 5 per cent actual formal, and the pre-formal gathering of parents and kids is about as hypey and hysterical as it gets... After the pres, the night mirrors the increasing pain of high heels as they go from shiny and exciting to plain uncomfortable.
ref: 2007 September 21, Nina Ubaldi, “Lose the hype and formals can be fun”, in The Sydney Morning Herald:
glosses: Clipping of preparty.
examples: text: “If a pre looked in now —”
“Or Quelch—!” grinned the Bounder.
“They'd have him!” said Bob Cherry. “Better wake him up.”
ref: 1950, Charles Hamilton, Billy Bunter's Postal Order:
glosses: Clipping of prefect.
pre
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹi/
Forms: form: pres
form: preing
form: pred
form: pred
form: preed
form: preed
Etymology: Clippings.
Senses: examples: text: This view alone is reason enough to book up this place for a girl's weekend. Imagine preing outside the city lights, playing the Lemonade visual album full blast on Apple TV.
ref: 2017 May 26, Paige McPhee, “13 Toronto Staycations For The Ultimate Girls Weekend”, in Narcity, archived from the original on 23 Oct 2021:
text: It's your average Saturday night and you're preing with your mates so you won't have to waste tonnes of money in some average bar. No one can come up with a good drinking game, so you just resort to the classics: Beer Pong and Ring of Fire.
ref: 2022 February 28, Malou Baumann, “A round-up of all the best drinking games”, in The Tab, archived from the original on 06 Jul 2022:
text: Fight Night, one of the most notorious student nights of the year, returns this month. Getting dressed up with your friends, preing way too hard, and finally Ubering to the AO Arena where the hip flask you smuggled in definitely comes in handy.
ref: 2022 November 10, Myfanwy Fleming-Jones, “Manchester Student Fight Night – All you need to know!”, in The Mancunion, archived from the original on 26 Nov 2022:
glosses: Clipping of pre-drink.
glosses: Clipping of precum.
paleoseismology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From paleo- + seismology.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: The study of ancient rocks and sediments for evidence of seismic events, such as earthquakes and tsunamis, from times before records were kept.
Derived terms: paleoseismological
paleoseismologist
Related terms: archaeoseismology
seismology
tape-recorded
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more tape-recorded
form: most tape-recorded
Senses: glosses: recorded on tape (using a tape recorder)
tape-recorded
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of tape-record
dry socket
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The severe pain of a "dry socket" after tooth extraction can be relieved by injections of vitamin B₁ (thiamine hydrochloride) Dr. Joseph P. Osterloh, of San Francisco, reports.
ref: 1942 August 8, “Vitamin B Relieves Pain After Tooth Extraction”, in The Science News-Letter, volume 42, number 6, page 89:
topics: dentistry
medicine
sciences
glosses: An inflammation, usually acutely painful, of the alveolar bone following extraction of a tooth.
alveolar bone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: alveolar bones
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A ridge on the surface of a teeth-bearing bone, such as maxilla and mandible in humans, that contains the tooth sockets.
hallucinators
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hallucinator
paleoseismologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: paleoseismologists
form: palaeoseismologist
Etymology: From paleo- + seismologist.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A person who studies paleoseismology
paleoseismicity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: paleoseismicities
Etymology: From paleo- + seismicity.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Ancient seismic activity.
Related terms: paleoseismology
paleoseismologist
paleoseismic
paleoseismic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From paleo- + seismic.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Pertaining to ancient seismic events.
Related terms: paleoseismicity
paleoseismology
paleoseismologist
Californians
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Californian
yere
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: ipa: /jiəɹ/
ipa: /iəɹ/
ipa: /jɪɹ/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Etymology: From ye analogous to your<you.
Senses: examples: text: What I want ye to remember, as the bullets come out through yere foreheads, is […]
ref: 2001, Martin McDonagh, The Lieutenant of Inishmore, Scene 8:
text: The Rubberbandits took to their Twitter (@Rubberbandits) on Tuesday in the wake of the Fringe fest’s apparent typo saying that, “@edfringe As much as we'd love to swear allegiance to Lizzie. Could ye change our country of origin from "England" to Ireland on yere site?” (sic)
ref: 2012 Kerry O'Shea Edinburgh’s Fringe festival thinks The Rubberbandits are English IrishCentral 27 July 2012
text: "I've been listening to yere s**** there all day about how great ye are," he told them. "Who the hell do ye think ye are with yere two All-Irelands and one ambush?"
ref: 2012 July 28, Christy O'Connor, “The first great rivalry of the 21st century”, in Irish Independent:
glosses: your (plural); of ye, belonging to ye
yere
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /jiəɹ/
ipa: /iəɹ/
ipa: /jɪɹ/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: yeres
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of year.
skeyn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: skeyns
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of skean (“kind of dagger”).
haltere
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhæltɪə/
ipa: /ˈhæltɪɹ/
ipa: /hælˈtɪɹiːz/
Forms: form: halteres
form: halter
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἁλτῆρες (haltêres, “weights held in the hand to give an impetus in leaping”). Note that in the original Greek, there seems to have been no singular for ἁλτῆρες (haltêres), and some authorities maintain that halteres is a plurale tantum, but in English entomological usage, haltere sometimes appears as a back-formation. Sometimes the singular halter is used instead, but this may lead to confusion with other, unrelated meanings of halter.
Senses: examples: text: Whenever the fly changes direction at an angle to the hinge, the shaking bends the halteres at their base and turns them into a gyroscope.
ref: 2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 166:
topics: biology
entomology
natural-sciences
glosses: A small knobbed structure in some two-winged insects, one of a pair that are flapped rapidly and function as accelerometers to maintain stability in flight.
Derived terms: pseudohaltere
caveat lector
Language: English
Part of speech: proverb
Etymology: Latin for “reader beware”; formed on the model of caveat emptor.
Senses: glosses: Reader beware.
Related terms: caveat emptor
take with a grain of salt
DBEYR
active fault
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: active faults
Senses: glosses: A geologic fault which has exhibited seismic activity within a geologically recent time period.
contactee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: contactees
Etymology: From contact + -ee.
Senses: glosses: A person who is contacted by someone.
examples: text: He believes the contactees (those who claim to have actual contact with beings from outer space) are actually creating a new theology.
ref: 1966 May 11, “Harvard Astronomers Claim UFO's Are Based on Illusion and Religion”, in Harvard Crimson:
text: The “contactees” or “saucerians” surfaced in 1952 in southern California. They presented themselves as selected by superior beings from other planets for a special assignment—save the world.
ref: 2001, David A. Clary, Before and After Roswell, page 63:
topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
ufology
synonyms: saucerian
glosses: A person who has been contacted by alien beings from outer space.
desmology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /dəzˈmɑːl.əʊ.d͡ʒi/
Etymology: * From Ancient Greek δεσμός (desmós, “ligament, bond”) + -logy
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
synonyms: syndesmology
glosses: The branch of anatomy which concerns ligaments.
lulus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lulu
space alien
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: space aliens
Senses: examples: text: What would be the first question to ask a space alien newly arrived on planet Earth?
ref: 1997 July 1, Janet Maslin, “Oh, Aliens: Business As Usual”, in New York Times:
glosses: An extraterrestrial being; a visitor from outer space.
Synonyms: alien
ET
little green man
Related terms: space invader
doozie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: doozies
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of doozy.
whereinto
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From where + into.
Senses: examples: text: the troubles whereinto the state of Athens fell
ref: 1614, Walter Ralegh [i.e., Walter Raleigh], The Historie of the World […], London: […] William Stansby for Walter Burre, […], →OCLC, (please specify |book=1 to 5):
glosses: Into which.
Related terms: —
henceafter
henceforth
henceforward
henceforwards
hencefrom
hereabout
hereabouts
hereabove
hereafter
hereafters
hereagainst
hereamong
hereanent
hereat
hereaway
herebefore
hereby
herefor
herefore
hereforth
hereforward
hereforwards
herefrom
herehence
hereinabove
hereinafter
hereinbefore
hereinbelow
hereinelsewhere
hereinsoever
hereinto
hereinunder
heremid
hereof
hereon
hereout
hereover
herethrough
herethroughout
hereto
heretofore
hereunto
hereupon
herewith
herewithal
herewithin
herewithout
hitherto
hitherunto
hitherward
hitherwards
howbeit
however
howso
howsoever
howsomedever
howsomever
thataway
thatwise
thenceafter
thenceforth
thenceforward
thenceforwards
thencefrom
thenceout
thereabout
thereabouts
thereabove
thereacross
thereafter
thereafters
thereagain
thereagainst
therealong
thereamong
thereamongst
thereanent
therearound
thereat
thereaway
therebefore
therebeside
therebetween
therebeyond
thereby
therever
therefor
therefore
thereforth
therefrom
therehence
thereinabove
thereinafter
thereinbefore
thereinbelow
thereinto
thereinunder
theremid
thereof
thereon
thereout
thereover
theresoever
therethrough
therethroughout
thereto
theretofore
thereunto
thereup
thereupon
therewith
therewithal
therewithin
therewithout
thisaway
thiswise
thitherinsoever
thitherto
thitherward
thitherwards
whatever
whatso
whatsoever
whatsomedever
whatsomever
whatwise
whenabout
whenabouts
whenas
whenever
whenso
whensoever
whensomever
whenceafter
whencever
whenceforth
whenceforward
whencefrom
whenceward
whencewards
whereabout
whereabouts
whereabove
whereafter
whereafters
whereagainst
wherealong
whereamong
whereamongst
whereanent
wherearound
whereas
whereat
whereaway
wherebefore
wherebeside
wherebetween
wherebeyond
whereby
wherever
wherefor
wherefore
whereforth
wherefrom
wherehence
whereinabove
whereinafter
whereinbefore
whereinbelow
whereinsoever
whereinunder
wheremid
whereof
whereon
whereout
whereover
whereso
wheresoever
wheresomever
wherethrough
wherethroughout
whereto
wheretofore
whereunto
whereup
whereupon
wherewith
wherewithal
wherewithin
wherewithout
whitherever
whitherinsoever
whitherso
whitherto
whithertofore
whitherward
whitherwards
whyever
whyfor
whyso
whysoever
1. Scottish2. from Middle English mid3. old dialectal form
thereagainst
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From Middle English ther ageynste, ther agenst, þerageyns, ther-ayens, þare agaynes, þer-aȝens, equivalent to there (“that”) + against.
Senses: glosses: In opposition to or against it; contrary to it; against that.
Related terms: —
henceafter
henceforth
henceforward
henceforwards
hencefrom
hereabout
hereabouts
hereabove
hereafter
hereafters
hereagainst
hereamong
hereanent
hereat
hereaway
herebefore
hereby
herefor
herefore
hereforth
hereforward
hereforwards
herefrom
herehence
hereinabove
hereinafter
hereinbefore
hereinbelow
hereinelsewhere
hereinsoever
hereinto
hereinunder
heremid
hereof
hereon
hereout
hereover
herethrough
herethroughout
hereto
heretofore
hereunto
hereupon
herewith
herewithal
herewithin
herewithout
hitherto
hitherunto
hitherward
hitherwards
howbeit
however
howso
howsoever
howsomedever
howsomever
thataway
thatwise
thenceafter
thenceforth
thenceforward
thenceforwards
thencefrom
thenceout
thereabout
thereabouts
thereabove
thereacross
thereafter
thereafters
thereagain
therealong
thereamong
thereamongst
thereanent
therearound
thereat
thereaway
therebefore
therebeside
therebetween
therebeyond
thereby
therever
therefor
therefore
thereforth
therefrom
therehence
thereinabove
thereinafter
thereinbefore
thereinbelow
thereinto
thereinunder
theremid
thereof
thereon
thereout
thereover
theresoever
therethrough
therethroughout
thereto
theretofore
thereunto
thereup
thereupon
therewith
therewithal
therewithin
therewithout
thisaway
thiswise
thitherinsoever
thitherto
thitherward
thitherwards
whatever
whatso
whatsoever
whatsomedever
whatsomever
whatwise
whenabout
whenabouts
whenas
whenever
whenso
whensoever
whensomever
whenceafter
whencever
whenceforth
whenceforward
whencefrom
whenceward
whencewards
whereabout
whereabouts
whereabove
whereafter
whereafters
whereagainst
wherealong
whereamong
whereamongst
whereanent
wherearound
whereas
whereat
whereaway
wherebefore
wherebeside
wherebetween
wherebeyond
whereby
wherever
wherefor
wherefore
whereforth
wherefrom
wherehence
whereinabove
whereinafter
whereinbefore
whereinbelow
whereinsoever
whereinto
whereinunder
wheremid
whereof
whereon
whereout
whereover
whereso
wheresoever
wheresomever
wherethrough
wherethroughout
whereto
wheretofore
whereunto
whereup
whereupon
wherewith
wherewithal
wherewithin
wherewithout
whitherever
whitherinsoever
whitherso
whitherto
whithertofore
whitherward
whitherwards
whyever
whyfor
whyso
whysoever
1. Scottish2. from Middle English mid3. old dialectal form
hereat
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From Middle English her-att; here + at.
Senses: examples: text: Greatly distressed hereat, they declared themselves to deserve a fine, as lagarts; [...]
ref: 2017, The Histories of Herodotus:
glosses: At this time; upon this event.
glosses: At this; because of this.
Related terms: —
henceafter
henceforth
henceforward
henceforwards
hencefrom
hereabout
hereabouts
hereabove
hereafter
hereafters
hereagainst
hereamong
hereanent
hereaway
herebefore
hereby
herefor
herefore
hereforth
hereforward
hereforwards
herefrom
herehence
hereinabove
hereinafter
hereinbefore
hereinbelow
hereinelsewhere
hereinsoever
hereinto
hereinunder
heremid
hereof
hereon
hereout
hereover
herethrough
herethroughout
hereto
heretofore
hereunto
hereupon
herewith
herewithal
herewithin
herewithout
hitherto
hitherunto
hitherward
hitherwards
howbeit
however
howso
howsoever
howsomedever
howsomever
thataway
thatwise
thenceafter
thenceforth
thenceforward
thenceforwards
thencefrom
thenceout
thereabout
thereabouts
thereabove
thereacross
thereafter
thereafters
thereagain
thereagainst
therealong
thereamong
thereamongst
thereanent
therearound
thereat
thereaway
therebefore
therebeside
therebetween
therebeyond
thereby
therever
therefor
therefore
thereforth
therefrom
therehence
thereinabove
thereinafter
thereinbefore
thereinbelow
thereinto
thereinunder
theremid
thereof
thereon
thereout
thereover
theresoever
therethrough
therethroughout
thereto
theretofore
thereunto
thereup
thereupon
therewith
therewithal
therewithin
therewithout
thisaway
thiswise
thitherinsoever
thitherto
thitherward
thitherwards
whatever
whatso
whatsoever
whatsomedever
whatsomever
whatwise
whenabout
whenabouts
whenas
whenever
whenso
whensoever
whensomever
whenceafter
whencever
whenceforth
whenceforward
whencefrom
whenceward
whencewards
whereabout
whereabouts
whereabove
whereafter
whereafters
whereagainst
wherealong
whereamong
whereamongst
whereanent
wherearound
whereas
whereat
whereaway
wherebefore
wherebeside
wherebetween
wherebeyond
whereby
wherever
wherefor
wherefore
whereforth
wherefrom
wherehence
whereinabove
whereinafter
whereinbefore
whereinbelow
whereinsoever
whereinto
whereinunder
wheremid
whereof
whereon
whereout
whereover
whereso
wheresoever
wheresomever
wherethrough
wherethroughout
whereto
wheretofore
whereunto
whereup
whereupon
wherewith
wherewithal
wherewithin
wherewithout
whitherever
whitherinsoever
whitherso
whitherto
whithertofore
whitherward
whitherwards
whyever
whyfor
whyso
whysoever
1. Scottish2. from Middle English mid3. old dialectal form
space aliens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of space alien
hereinto
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: here + into
Senses: glosses: Into this circumstance, matter, place, or situation; into this.
Related terms: —
henceafter
henceforth
henceforward
henceforwards
hencefrom
hereabout
hereabouts
hereabove
hereafter
hereafters
hereagainst
hereamong
hereanent
hereat
hereaway
herebefore
hereby
herefor
herefore
hereforth
hereforward
hereforwards
herefrom
herehence
hereinabove
hereinafter
hereinbefore
hereinbelow
hereinelsewhere
hereinsoever
hereinunder
heremid
hereof
hereon
hereout
hereover
herethrough
herethroughout
hereto
heretofore
hereunto
hereupon
herewith
herewithal
herewithin
herewithout
hitherto
hitherunto
hitherward
hitherwards
howbeit
however
howso
howsoever
howsomedever
howsomever
thataway
thatwise
thenceafter
thenceforth
thenceforward
thenceforwards
thencefrom
thenceout
thereabout
thereabouts
thereabove
thereacross
thereafter
thereafters
thereagain
thereagainst
therealong
thereamong
thereamongst
thereanent
therearound
thereat
thereaway
therebefore
therebeside
therebetween
therebeyond
thereby
therever
therefor
therefore
thereforth
therefrom
therehence
thereinabove
thereinafter
thereinbefore
thereinbelow
thereinto
thereinunder
theremid
thereof
thereon
thereout
thereover
theresoever
therethrough
therethroughout
thereto
theretofore
thereunto
thereup
thereupon
therewith
therewithal
therewithin
therewithout
thisaway
thiswise
thitherinsoever
thitherto
thitherward
thitherwards
whatever
whatso
whatsoever
whatsomedever
whatsomever
whatwise
whenabout
whenabouts
whenas
whenever
whenso
whensoever
whensomever
whenceafter
whencever
whenceforth
whenceforward
whencefrom
whenceward
whencewards
whereabout
whereabouts
whereabove
whereafter
whereafters
whereagainst
wherealong
whereamong
whereamongst
whereanent
wherearound
whereas
whereat
whereaway
wherebefore
wherebeside
wherebetween
wherebeyond
whereby
wherever
wherefor
wherefore
whereforth
wherefrom
wherehence
whereinabove
whereinafter
whereinbefore
whereinbelow
whereinsoever
whereinto
whereinunder
wheremid
whereof
whereon
whereout
whereover
whereso
wheresoever
wheresomever
wherethrough
wherethroughout
whereto
wheretofore
whereunto
whereup
whereupon
wherewith
wherewithal
wherewithin
wherewithout
whitherever
whitherinsoever
whitherso
whitherto
whithertofore
whitherward
whitherwards
whyever
whyfor
whyso
whysoever
1. Scottish2. from Middle English mid3. old dialectal form
distraint
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: distraints
Etymology: From distrain, on the model of such pairs as constrain, constraint and restrain, restraint.
Senses: topics: law
glosses: The legal right of a landlord to seize the property of a tenant in the event of nonpayment of rent.
Related terms: distrain
distrainable
foreclosure
garnishment
planimetric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From planimetry + -ic.
Senses: glosses: relating to planimetry; made by means of a planimeter
glosses: relating to planimetrics
Derived terms: histoplanimetric
planimetrically
planimetry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: planimetries
Etymology: From plani- + -metry.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The measurement of distances, angles and areas on a plane, especially on a map or image
Derived terms: histoplanimetry
photoplanimetry
planimetric
videoplanimetry
postilla
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: postillas
Senses: glosses: postil
preceptive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more preceptive
form: most preceptive
Etymology: From precept + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: If it was necessary, that Christ as our surety should suffer the penalty of the law in our stead, because we have sinned; then it was also necessary that as our Surety, he should yield obedience to the preceptive part of the law also;
ref: 1677, John Owen, The Doctrine of Justification by Faith:
topics: law
glosses: Of, pertaining to, or based on precepts
examples: text: It is altogether preceptive, barely containing the rules, without illustration from example. It is a system of rhetoric in the abstract.
ref: 1810, John Quincy Adams, Lectures on Rhetoric and Oratory:
glosses: instructive; didactic
predeterminate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more predeterminate
form: most predeterminate
Senses: examples: text: the predeterminate counsel of God
text: predeterminate conditions
glosses: Determined beforehand.
by-path
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: by-paths
form: bypath
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of bypath; an unfrequented path; a byway.
intemperately
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more intemperately
form: most intemperately
Etymology: From intemperate + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In an intemperate manner.
Sunday motorist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Sunday motorists
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Sunday driver.
rinsate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rinsates
Etymology: From rinse + -ate.
Senses: glosses: water, containing low concentrations of contaminants, resulting from the cleaning of containers etc.
shunner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ʌnə(ɹ)
Forms: form: shunners
Etymology: From shun + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who shuns (a thing).
shunnable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more shunnable
form: most shunnable
Etymology: From shun + -able.
Senses: antonyms: shunless
unshunnable
glosses: Fit for, or capable, deserving, or worthy of, being shunned.
steamliners
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of steamliner
pathovars
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pathovar
sanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Mandarin 散打 (sǎndǎ).
Senses: examples: text: The major injury situation for the sanda males was attacking with a punch (66.7%) followed by attacking with a kick (33.3%).
ref: 1995, C. Blijd, E. Blijd, W. Pieter, “Wushu Injuries: A Pilot Study”, in Biology of Sport, volume 12, number 3, page 163:
text: Sanda is a sport art, basically kick-boxing with throws. It's generally about scoring points, there are few knock-outs.
ref: 2009, Brian Preston, Me, Chi, and Bruce Lee, →ISBN:
text: Using methods of literature material, video observation and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzed sanda players' leg-applied technology.
ref: 2011, Su Jianjiao, “Research on Leg-Applied Technology in Man's Sanda Competition in the 11th National Games of PRC”, in Advances in Education and Management, →ISBN:
text: Some of the Sanda skills were taken from external kung fu and were used in real fight.
ref: 2011, Yan Liu, Kung Fu Engineering, →ISBN:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A Chinese martial art, self-defense system, and combat sport, similar to kick-boxing.
sanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sandas
Etymology: From Hindi सांडा (sāṇḍā).
Senses: examples: text: The sanda is easily caught by a horse-hair noose placed over the opening of his burrow, which is always of uniform shape, and the exact size of what would be a mid-section of the reptile. The sanda is in great repute as a resotorative and aphrodisiac, and even high caste Hindus, such as Brahmans and Rajpats, boil them down into a strong soup.
ref: 1893, North Indian Notes and Queries - Volume 3, page 99:
text: Bhantus catch the sanda, or broad-tailed lizard, which dwells in rat-holes in the ground and lives always in fear of the cobra, in the following manner: — The Sansi sallies forth with a wooden mallet in one hand and a tuft of tough grass in the other. On his belly he wriggles up to the sanda's hole, rustling the tuft of grass with a noise which resembles the crackling of a snake's scales. The sanda comes up tail foremost, and blocks the orifice with his pachydermatous appendage. The Sansi then delivers a crushing blow with the mallet on the earth an inch or two on the inside of the sanda, closes the passage, cuts off retreat, extracts the lizard and stuffs it into his shirt.
ref: 1913, Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society, page 122:
text: A favourite prey species is the sanda or spiny-tailed lizard.
ref: 1997, Valmik Thapar, Land of the Tiger: A Natural History of the Indian Subcontinent, →ISBN:
glosses: A desert reptile, Saara hardwickii, a type of spiny-tailed lizard.
sanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sandas
Etymology: Ultimately from Sanskrit षण्ढ (ṣaṇḍha, “eunuch, hermaphrodite”), which is often conflated with साण्ड (sāṇḍa, “bull”) in New Indo-Aryan languages due to sound change.
Senses: examples: text: Vasubandhu at (II.1c) (and elsewhere in the Abhidharmakosa, see Note 13) draws a distinction between the sanda and the pandaka, which Yasomitra understands in the following way: pandakas are those individuals who have lost their indriya, that is, the masculinity or femininity principle, through some means (upakrama), whereas sanda is taken to apply to category 1, the congenitally impotent.
ref: 1992, Jos Ignacio Cabez, Buddhism, Sexuality, and Gender, →ISBN, page 211:
text: But when this normal posture is reverse and a male partner lies below down in supine position and female partner lies upon him in prone posture while doing intercourse, they will develop a "sanda-child".
ref: 1994, Suśruta, Suśruta-saṃhitā: Śārīrasthānam, page 37:
text: Furthermore, according to Abhidharmakosa 6.23b, when one attains certain higher stages of the path, one will never again be reborn as a sanda, pandaka or hermaphrodite.
ref: 2000, Julia Leslie, Mary McGee, Invented Identities: The Interplay of Gender, Religion and Politics in India:
text: Vasubandhu, for example, states that sexual deviants, along with eunuchs (sanda) and hermaphrodites, “possess, to an extreme degree, the defilements of the senses.
ref: 2012, John Powers, A Bull of a Man, →ISBN, page 82:
glosses: A man who is congenitally impotent.
sanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sandas
Etymology: From Swahili sanda.
Senses: examples: text: This washing is done by several elderly persons of the respective sex and these wrap it up with a sanda (white calico), either one or several according to the dignity, age and richness of the dead. But sanda instead of mikuswa (banana-leaves) was introduced lately because the people were not using clothes but mayombwe, i.e. stringy material (56a). The sanda comes next to the body whilst the mat will be spread inside the grave and another covers the outer of the mutufwi (57).
ref: 1963, Joseph Mawinza, The Human Soul: Life and Soul-concept in an East African Mentality, page 86:
text: The cloth, guo, which had been removed from the corpse and replaced by the sanda, is now spread over the grave so that the bystanders do not see the deposition of the body in its final resting place, the mwana-wa-ndani, explained in the next note.
ref: 1967, Alfons Loogman, Duquesne Studies: African series - Volume 2, page 129:
text: Before the sanda is sewn up, men of the neighbourhood dig the grave. While they are busy, the sanda is closed.
ref: 1982, P. Van Pelt, Bantu Customs in Mainland Tanzania, page 230:
text: Yawo Muslims do not use wooden coffins, but bury their dead by wrapping them in a calico sheet called sanda.
ref: 2012, Ian D. Dicks, An African Worldview: The Muslim Amacinga Yawo of Southern Malaŵi, →ISBN:
glosses: A white calico shroud used in East Africa.
sanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sandas
Senses: examples: text: Many of these trees yield rosin and gums, as I practically know, and they are worthy of being examined. As for example a sanda, which produces seche de sanda ; this is a valuable remedy for quickly healing cuts and other wounds.
ref: 1860, New York State Agricultural Society, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, page 464:
text: The giant mango trees were almost as old as the sanda and have produced fruit for a century.
ref: 2007, Charles Harvey, Ndoki, →ISBN, page 13:
glosses: Alternative form of sandarac.
sanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Malay sanda.
Senses: examples: text: Sanda is a venerated, solemn genre; in this area of east Manggarai rima it occurs only on the occasion of a religious festival such as penti.
ref: 2001, Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs:
text: The second part of recomposed Embroidering Golden Banner achieves the brightness and cheerfulness of music, and presents a cheerful passion through sanda playing methods such as left-hind octave fills, right-hand echo decoration, and encircled decoration.
ref: 2015, Dawei Zheng, Control, Mechatronics and Automation Technology, →ISBN:
glosses: A traditional music style.
wireless operator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: wireless operators
Senses: examples: text: He found the new wireless operator a charming fellow, possessed of talents far superior to those of the young men who ordinarily pound the brass at sea.
ref: 1922, Peter B. Kyne, chapter 8, in Cappy Ricks Retires:
glosses: A person who operates a radio transmitter on a ship or in an outpost, military unit, etc., in order to communicate over long distances.
examples: text: France Telecom is the second largest wireless operator and Internet access provider in Europe.
ref: 2008 June 17, "Orange extends its pioneering in-flight mobile phone roaming services to Jordan with OnAir," www.ameinfo.com (United Arab Emirates) (retrieved 17 June 2008)
topics: business
glosses: A commercial firm which provides mobile communications services.
Synonyms: mobile network operator
MNO
wireless service provider
wireless carrier
cellular company
mobile network carrier
normalcy bias
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: normalcy biases
Senses: topics: human-sciences
sciences
social-science
sociology
synonyms: normality bias
glosses: A human tendency to respond to threat warnings with disbelief or minimization, and to similarly underestimate a disaster's deleterious effects.
gummi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gummis
form: gummies
form: gummie
form: gummy
Etymology: From German Gummi (“brand name of German candy”), from Gummi (“India rubber”).
Senses: examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:gummi.
glosses: A sugary, gelatinous material used to make candies.
glosses: A candy made of this material.
examples: text: A year and a half later, Mark, a father of two in his early 40s, ran his first-ever marathon — consuming a couple of gummies along the way.
ref: 2025 April 19, Elizabeth Hlavinka, “Couch potatoes no more: Stoners are using cannabis to help them exercise and reach a “runner’s high””, in Salon:
glosses: A candy made of this material.
A cannabis-infused gummi candy.
Derived terms: gummi bear
gummi worm
contrastive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kənˈtɹɑː.stɪv/
ipa: /kənˈtɹæs.tɪv/
ipa: /ˈkɑntɹæs.tɪv/
Forms: form: more contrastive
form: most contrastive
Etymology: From contrast + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: This thesis is an attempt to apply the theory of transformational grammar to the Japanese language. […] Comparison of the structure of Japanese and English is also our concern, whenever possible, and it is seen that the transformational theory is helpful in such contrastive studies.
ref: 1965 June 4, Shigeyuki Kuroda, “Generative grammatical studies in the Japanese language”, in DSpace@MIT, retrieved 24 Feb 2014:
text: Consider the first, allegedly contrastive fact, that there were some bank robbings by Sutton rather than no robbings at all by Sutton.
ref: 1985, David-Hillel Ruben, The Metaphysics of the Social World, page 141:
text: Vowel length is contrastive.
ref: 2008, Alexandra Aikhenvald, The Manambu Language of East Sepik, Papua New Guinea, →ISBN, page 1:
coordinate_terms: disjunctive
;
comparative
;
conjunctive
glosses: Contrasting: tending to contrast; being in contrast.
Derived terms: contrastive linguistics
contrastively
contrastiveness
contrastivism
contrastivist
contrastivity
noncontrastive
Related terms: comparative
Chaldee
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Latin Chaldaea via Middle French Chaldee.
Senses: examples: text: Abraham departed from Chaldee […]
ref: 1842, An Equalization of every item of Scripture Money, Weight, and Measure, page 45:
glosses: Dated form of Chaldea.
Chaldee
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin chaldaeus via Middle French Chaldee.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of Chaldean.
synonyms: word: Chaldean
Chaldee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Chaldees
Etymology: From Latin chaldaeus via Middle French Chaldee.
Senses: examples: text: 'I stopped for one night to see Ur and the Chaldees and for three days in Baghdad with the A.O.C., who happens to be an old friend of mine.'
ref: 1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 8, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 128:
glosses: Synonym of Chaldean.
synonyms: word: Chaldean
glosses: A wise individual involved in the occult.
Chaldee
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Latin chaldaeus via Middle French Chaldee.
Senses: glosses: The Aramaic language, or Biblical Aramaic specifically.
introducer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: introducers
Etymology: From introduce + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The impartial observer of mankind is compelled to acknowledge that anger is the bane of society, the introducer of discord into the families of rich and poor, the disjoiner of friendships, the destroyer of conjugal and domestic bliss.
ref: 1850, The Cottager's Monthly Visitor, volume 30, page 314:
glosses: Someone or something that introduces.
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: A device used to introduce an object into the body.
involver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: involvers
Etymology: From involve + -er.
Senses: examples: text: One could look at whether participants improved their skills and abilities, whether there was individual or community empowerment, or whether there was a change in the level of trust between the involvers and the participants.
ref: 2004, Charles Donald Spielberger, Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology, volume 1, page 796:
glosses: Someone or something that involves.
behaver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: behavers
Etymology: From behave + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone or something that behaves.
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: A person whose behaviour is being monitored or studied.
preordinate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin praeordinatus.
Senses: examples: text: I may resiste agayne celestiall influence preordinate by prouidence diuine
ref: 1531, Thomas Elyot, The Boke Named the Governour […], London: […] Tho[mas] Bertheleti, →OCLC:
glosses: preordained
examples: text: preordinate approach
text: preordinate design
text: preordinate evaluation
glosses: Established beforehand; predetermined.
reference books
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of reference book
reference book
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reference books
Senses: examples: text: The Red Book is the standard reference book for those naming inorganic chemical compounds.
hypernyms: reference work
glosses: A book providing factual information.
examples: text: I wanted to take out the encyclopedia, but the librarian said it was a reference book.
synonyms: book of reference
qualifier: library
glosses: A book that can be consulted in the library but cannot be borrowed.
squeakier
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of squeaky: more squeaky
squeakiest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of squeaky: most squeaky
fuglier
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of fugly: more fugly