cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
horseback
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɔɹsˌbæk/
ipa: /ˈhɔːsˌbæk/
Forms: form: horsebacks
Etymology: From Middle English horsebacke, horsebak, horsbak, equivalent to horse + back.
Senses: examples: text: They came on horseback across the plains.
qualifier: upon
glosses: The back of a horse.
glosses: A ridge of sand, gravel, and boulders.
Synonyms: sense: ridge
word: esker
Coordinate terms: birdback
boarback
buffaloback
camelback
catback
cowback
dogback
donkeyback
dragonback
eagleback
elephantback
goatback
lionback
llamaback
manback
muleback
oxback
pigback
ponyback
tigerback
unicornback
yakback
zebraback
Derived terms: angels on horseback
ballet on horseback
devils on horseback
egg on horseback
eggs on horseback
horsebacker
horseback opinion
man on horseback
set a beggar on horseback and he'll ride to the Devil
horseback
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɔɹsˌbæk/
ipa: /ˈhɔːsˌbæk/
Etymology: From Middle English horsebacke, horsebak, horsbak, equivalent to horse + back.
Senses: synonyms: ahorse
ahorseback
on horseback
glosses: On the back of a horse.
hostile
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɒstaɪl/
ipa: /ˈhɒstəl/
ipa: /ˈhɑstəl/
ipa: /ˈhɑstaɪl/
homophone: hostel stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
rhymes: -ɒstəl
Forms: form: more hostile
form: most hostile
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French hostile, from Latin hostīlis, from hostis (“enemy”). Displaced Old English fēondlīċ.
Senses: examples: text: a hostile force
text: hostile intentions
text: a hostile country
text: hostile to a sudden change
synonyms: inimical
unfriendly
glosses: Not friendly; appropriate to an enemy; showing the disposition of an enemy; showing ill will and malevolence or a desire to thwart and injure.
glosses: Aggressive; antagonistic.
glosses: Unwilling.
examples: text: Microsoft may go hostile in its bid for Yahoo! as soon as Friday, according to a published report.
glosses: Being or relating to a hostile takeover.
Synonyms: word: antagonistic
word: hateful
word: adverse
word: conflicting
word: contentious
word: counteracting
word: hostile
word: incompatible
word: inharmonious
word: inimical
word: irreconcilable
word: opposed
word: repugnant
topics: law
word: unbefriending
word: unfriendly
word: unharmonious
word: unpartial
Hypernyms: word: contrary
Hyponyms: word: combative
word: embittered
word: quarrelsome
Derived terms: go hostile
hostile architecture
hostile environment
hostilely
hostileness
hostile possession
hostile vehicle
hostile witness
hostilize
nonhostile
semihostile
unhostile
user-hostile
Related terms: hostility
hostilely
host
hostile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɒstaɪl/
ipa: /ˈhɒstəl/
ipa: /ˈhɑstəl/
ipa: /ˈhɑstaɪl/
homophone: hostel stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
rhymes: -ɒstəl
Forms: form: hostiles
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French hostile, from Latin hostīlis, from hostis (“enemy”). Displaced Old English fēondlīċ.
Senses: examples: text: The Japanese got their attack in first. About ten minutes after passing the U.S. aircraft, they spotted Hornet (local weather patterns temporarily concealing Enterprise). Things had improved a little bit compared to the Eastern Solomons, and three dozen F4F Wildcats on combat air patrol were vectored onto the oncoming hostiles, but once that initial task was accomplished, things began to collapse back into the cacophony and chaos that was all too familiar to those aboard the Enterprise, meaning that the end result was round about the same[…]
ref: 2021 February 3, Drachinifel, 10:55 from the start, in Guadalcanal Campaign - Santa Cruz (IJN 2 : 2 USN), archived from the original on 04 Dec 2022:
glosses: An enemy.
housewife
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/
ipa: /ˈhʌzwaɪf/
ipa: /ˈhʌz(w)ɪf/
ipa: /ˈhʌzɪf/
Forms: form: housewives
form: housewifes
form: house-wife
form: houswife
form: huswife
Etymology: From Middle English houswyf, housewif, huswijf, equivalent to house + wife; a doublet of hussy, which it was long distinguished from and displaced due to gradual negative connotation (see Online Etymology Dictionary entry). Cognate with German Hausweib.
Senses: examples: text: 2000, Uli Kusch, "Mr. Torture", Helloween, The Dark Ride
Mr Torture sells pain / To the housewives in Spain / He knows just what they crave / Mr Torture
synonyms: word: henhussy
hypernyms: homemaker
coordinate_terms: househusband
qualifier: plural "housewives"
glosses: A woman whose main employment is homemaking, maintaining the upkeep of her home and tending to household affairs; often, such a woman whose sole [unpaid] employment is homemaking.
qualifier: plural "housewives"
glosses: The wife of a householder; the mistress of a family; the female head of a household.
examples: text: It was a housewife, containing needles, a bodkin, and thread; ‘and, do you know,’ added he, ‘it was the most useful thing she could have given me, for it lasted all the time I was at Rome to mend my clothes with […].’
ref: 1828, JT Smith, Nollekens and His Times, Century Hutchinson, published 1986, page 246:
text: Woffington's housewife, made by herself, homely to the eye, but holds everything in the world
ref: 1852, Tom Taylor, Charles Reade, Masks and Faces, act II:
text: The "soldier's housewife" was a small sewing kit that was carried to make timely repairs to clothing and equipment.
ref: 1997, David L. Phillips, A Soldier's Story, MetroBooks, →ISBN, page 61:
synonyms: hussy
qualifier: plural "housewifes"
glosses: A little case or bag for materials used in sewing, and for other articles of female work.
qualifier: plural "housewives"
glosses: A worthless woman; a hussy.
Derived terms: boywife
housewifedom
housewifehood
housewifeish
housewifelike
housewifely
housewifery
housewife's eczema
housewifeship
housewifey
housewifish
housewifization
nonhousewife
sailor's housewife
you can't turn a hoe into a housewife
housewife
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/
ipa: /ˈhʌzwaɪf/
ipa: /ˈhʌz(w)ɪf/
ipa: /ˈhʌzɪf/
Forms: form: housewifes
form: housewifing
form: housewifed
form: housewifed
form: house-wife
form: houswife
form: huswife
Etymology: From Middle English houswyf, housewif, huswijf, equivalent to house + wife; a doublet of hussy, which it was long distinguished from and displaced due to gradual negative connotation (see Online Etymology Dictionary entry). Cognate with German Hausweib.
Senses: examples: text: Career opportunity […] is the one who never knocks — especially not on the doors of women, who are still hooking, housewifing and hairdressing for their livings.
ref: 1983 December 10, Jolanta Benal, “The Second Revolution”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 21, page 14:
glosses: Alternative form of housewive.
howl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: houl
ipa: /haʊl/
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: howls
Etymology: From Middle English howlen, houlen, from Old English *hūlian, from Proto-West Germanic *hūilōn, from Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną, *hiuwilōną (“to howl”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kū-, *kew- (“to howl, scream”). Likely of imitative origin.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian huulje (“to howl”), Dutch huilen (“to howl”), Romanian a hăuli (“to howl”), Old French ouler, German Low German hulen (“to howl”), German heulen (“to howl”), Danish hyle (“to howl”), Swedish yla (“to scream, yell”), Northern Luri آلٛیر (āłir, “howl”).
Senses: examples: text: [T]he fox was out on love-adventures, abused his rivals, and uttered scoffing screams and howls.
ref: 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 117:
text: All at once the cat thrust her paw inside the ring again, but the tailor was quick as lightning and chopped the paw off. The cats set up a terrible howl, and away they rushed through the door as fast as they could.
ref: 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 159:
text: Dan was beginning to feel very depressed when suddenly the eerie howl of a dingo rang out[.]
ref: 1943, H. Lorna Bingham, The Lost Tribe, Sydney: Winn and Co., page 13, column 2:
glosses: The protracted, mournful cry of a dog, wolf or other canid; also of other animals.
examples: text: The howl of the wind
glosses: Any similar sound.
glosses: A prolonged cry of distress or anguish; a wail.
Derived terms: howl-round
Irish howl
howl
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: houl
ipa: /haʊl/
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: howls
form: howling
form: howled
form: howled
Etymology: From Middle English howlen, houlen, from Old English *hūlian, from Proto-West Germanic *hūilōn, from Proto-Germanic *hūwilōną, *hiuwilōną (“to howl”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kū-, *kew- (“to howl, scream”). Likely of imitative origin.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian huulje (“to howl”), Dutch huilen (“to howl”), Romanian a hăuli (“to howl”), Old French ouler, German Low German hulen (“to howl”), German heulen (“to howl”), Danish hyle (“to howl”), Swedish yla (“to scream, yell”), Northern Luri آلٛیر (āłir, “howl”).
Senses: examples: text: Methought a legion of foul fiends / Environ'd me about, and howled in my ears.
ref: c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
text: VVhen ominus ſignes to ſhew themſelues began, / That novv at hand this monſtrous birth fore-ran: / About at noone flew the affrighted Ovvle, / And dogs in corners ſet them dovvne to hovvle: […]
ref: 1627, Michaell [i.e., Michael] Drayton, “[Elegies upon Sundry Occasions.]”, in The Battaile of Agincourt. […], London: […] [Augustine Matthews] for William Lee, […], →OCLC, page 223:
glosses: To utter a loud, protracted, mournful sound or cry, as dogs and wolves often do.
examples: text: Howl ye, for the day of the Lord is at hand.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 13:6:
glosses: To utter a sound expressive of pain or distress; to cry aloud and mournfully; to lament; to wail.
examples: text: They howled with laughter at the prank.
text: Wild howl'd the wind the forest glades along, / And oft the owl renew'd her dismal song; […]
ref: 1809, Walter Scott, “[Fragments, […].] The Poacher”, in The Poetical Works of Walter Scott, Esq. […], volume XI, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Company] for Arch[ibald] Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; and John Murray, published 1820, →OCLC, page 180:
glosses: To make a noise resembling the cry of a wild beast.
examples: text: to howl derision
glosses: To utter with outcry.
Derived terms: behowl
go howl at the moon
howlable
howlarious
howl at the moon
howlback
howl down
howler
howling jackass
howl on
howl out
howlround
outhowl
who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl
humanization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: humanizations
form: humanisation
Etymology: From human + -ization or humanize + -ation.
Senses: glosses: The act of humanizing.
topics: lifestyle
glosses: Synonym of gijinka.
synonyms: word: gijinka
Derived terms: overhumanization
pet humanization
rehumanization
humiliation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: humiliations
Etymology: From Middle French humiliation, from Late Latin humiliātiō, from humiliāre (“to humiliate”); see humiliate. Equivalent to humiliate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. When a series of bank failures made this impossible, there was widespread anger, leading to the public humiliation of symbolic figures.
ref: 2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21:
glosses: The act of humiliating or humbling someone; abasement of pride; mortification.
examples: text: Loving and beloved by him, how different would her destiny have been! An utter sense of desolation came over her; a terror of the future, an overwhelming agony in the present. That he, of all others, should be the one to witness her humiliation!
ref: 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Season”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 2:
text: One morning Mr. and Mrs. Lincoln were having breakfast when Lincoln did something that aroused the fiery temper of his wife. What, no one remembers now. But Mrs. Lincoln, in a rage, dashed a cup of hot coffee into her husband's face. And she did it in front of the other boarders.
 Saying nothing, Lincoln sat there in humiliation and silence while Mrs. Early came with a wet towel and wiped off his face and clothes.
ref: 1936, Dale Carnegie, “Part 6, Chapter 1. HOW TO DIG YOUR MARITAL GRAVE IN THE QUICKEST POSSIBLE WAY.”, in How to Win Friends and Influence People, page 264:
text: They listened to the sound of Fanny’s retreating footsteps. ‘Well, well!’ said Marcus. ‘Oh, take no notice Jess. You know what our Frances Maud is like! It’s nothing to cry about!’ To her humiliation Jessamy found there were tears trickling down her cheeks.
ref: 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 48:
glosses: The state of being humiliated, humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission.
Synonyms: abasement
dishonor
embarrassment
mortification
shame
Derived terms: century of humiliation
humiliation play
posthumiliation
prehumiliation
small penis humiliation
verbal humiliation
Related terms: humble
humiliate
humiliating
humility
hussar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhʌsə(ɹ)/
note: hyperforeign or from French hussard
ipa: /həˈsɑː(ɹ)/
ipa: /həˈzɑː(ɹ)/
ipa: /hʊˈsɑː(ɹ)/
Forms: form: hussars
Etymology: Borrowed from French hussard, from Hungarian huszár (“cavalryman”), from Serbo-Croatian gusar (“corsair”), from Byzantine Greek χωσάριος, χονσάριος (khōsários, khonsários) or from Italian corsaro (“corsair”), from Medieval Latin cursārius (“pirate”), from Latin cursus (“running”), from currō (“run”). Doublet of corsair and courser.
Senses: glosses: A member of the national cavalry of Hungary, Croatia and Poland.
glosses: A member of the light cavalry of any of several European armies.
Coordinate terms: cavalryman
cuirassier
dragoon
lancer
trooper
uhlan
yeoman
hussy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhʌsi/
ipa: /ˈhʌzi/
rhymes: -ʌsi
rhymes: Rhymes: -ʌzi
Forms: form: hussies
form: hussif
form: hussiv
form: huzzy
Etymology: From earlier hussive, hussif, the regular evolution of Middle English houswyf (“housewife”), equivalent to house + wife. Modern housewife is a restoration of the compound (and thus is a doublet), after its component parts had become unrecognisable through regular phonetic change, as well as gradual negative senses and historical factors.
The traditional pronunciation of the word is /ˈhʌzi/; the pronunciation with /s/ is a spelling pronunciation.
Senses: examples: text: WIRTHIN. Well, I should think so! They just dote on that hussy—can't seem to get enough of her. Gretchen tells me so herself. And the care she takes of them!
ref: 1892, Mark Twain, Meisterschaft: In Three Acts, act III, scene I, page 199:
glosses: A housewife or housekeeper.
examples: text: She called him `pig' in bastard Arabic, and he called her `hussy' in good English, but these amenities were forgotten in the face of the catastrophe that had overwhelmed her at the hands of her Queen.
ref: 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
glosses: A sexually immoral woman.
examples: text: Molly the dairymaid came a little way from the rickyard, and said she would pluck the pigeon that very night after work. She was always ready to do anything for us boys; and we could never quite make out why they scolded her so for an idle hussy indoors. It seemed so unjust. Looking back, I recollect she had very beautiful brown eyes.
ref: 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
synonyms: minx
glosses: A cheeky or disrespectful girl; a woman showing inappropriate or improper behavior.
synonyms: housewife
glosses: A case or bag for needles, thread, etc.
Derived terms: henhussy
hussydom
hussyness
hussy up
Related terms: huswife
hybridization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /haɪ.bɹɪd.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Forms: form: hybridizations
form: hybridisation
Etymology: * hybrid + -ization
Senses: examples: text: The electron pairing theory of orbital hybridization has been shown to account, very satisfactorily, for the variations which have been observed in the properties of C-H bonds.
ref: 1950, W. Moffitt, “Aspects of Hybridization”, in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A Volume 202 Number 1071, 563:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
The linear combination of atomic orbitals in a molecule to form hybrid orbitals.
examples: text: Hybridization, strictly speaking, is the art or act of obtaining an offspring or progeny between two different species of animals or plants; ...
ref: 1843, D. J. Browne, “Hybridization and Cross Fecundation of Plants”, in Agricultural Journal and Transactions of the Lower Canada Agricultural Society, section 135:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
The process of breeding a mixed offspring from two different strains or species of animal or plant
synonyms: hybridism
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
The formation of double-stranded nucleic acid by complementary base-pairing
examples: text: He said he has read up on the hybridization of vessels, and described it as “extremely costly,” but conceded it’s “where the industry is heading.”
ref: 2019, Rich Saltzberg, “Taylor, Gazzaniga press SSA to electrify fleet”, in MV Times:
topics: transport
glosses: the conversion of a fleet of vehicles to hybrids.
Derived terms: cohybridization
crosshybridization
dehybridization
mishybridization
nanohybridization
posthybridization
prehybridization
rehybridization
hydration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /haɪˈdɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: hydrations
Etymology: From hydrate + -ion. The programming terms come from the concept of data lake.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The incorporation of water molecules into a complex with those of another compound.
examples: text: Proper nutrition – and even more important, proper hydration – is crucial in preventing and recovering from both fevers and colds.
ref: 2016 September 16, Hailey Middlebrook, “Should you really feed a cold and starve a fever?”, in CNN:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The process of providing an adequate amount of water to body tissues.
topics: business
construction
manufacturing
glosses: The chemical reaction by which a substance (such as cement) combines with water, giving off heat to form a crystalline structure in its setting and hardening.
qualifier: object-oriented programming
glosses: The process of populating an object with data loaded from a data source.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
web-design
synonyms: rehydration
glosses: Client-side rendering of pre-rendered static server data, e.g. to make dynamic web pages.
Derived terms: data hydration
dehydration
euhydration
hydrational
hyperhydration
hypohydration
normohydration
overhydration
photohydration
posthydration
prehydration
rehydration
superhydration
underhydration
Related terms: hydrate
hydrochloride
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hydrochlorides
Etymology: From hydro- + chloride.
Senses: examples: text: In contrast, a water-repellent substance, for example, fluoric resin or Teflon, is extremely nonaffinitive with the oily oxime hydrochlorides and has a nature to repel it.
ref: 1969, B. Albertson, Photochemical Processes, page 84:
text: After 15, 30, 60 or 90 days, the animals (n = 5 per time point for each subgroup) were sacrificed via an overdose of ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride (Vetbrands Brazil Limited, Jacareí, SP), and the hemimaxillae were removed and fixed in 10% formalin solution (Fig 1 ).
ref: 2015 August 14, “Green Tea Modulates Cytokine Expression in the Periodontium and Attenuates Alveolar Bone Resorption in Type 1 Diabetic Rats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A compound of hydrochloric acid with an organic base such as an amine.
Hypernyms: acid salt
Hyponyms: dehydrochloride
diethylaminopropionylethoxycarbonylaminophenothiazine hydrochloride
dihydrochloride
duloxetine hydrochloride
fluoxetine hydrochloride
hemihydrochloride
hydrochloride of strychnine
methamphetamine hydrochloride
monohydrochloride
octahydrochloride
strychnine hydrochloride
tetrahydrochloride
tramadol hydrochloride
trazodone hydrochloride
trihydrochloride
hydrogenation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: hydrogenations
Etymology: From hydrogen + -ation.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The chemical reaction of hydrogen with another substance, especially with an unsaturated organic compound, and usually under the influence of temperature, pressure and catalysts.
Derived terms: biohydrogenation
dehydrogenation
gem-hydrogenation
rehydrogenation
trans-hydrogenation
transhydrogenation
hypnotization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hypnotizations
form: hypnotisation
Etymology: From hypnotize + -ation.
Senses: glosses: The act or process of producing hypnotism.
Derived terms: autohypnotization
dehypnotization
idealization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: idealizations
form: idealisation
Etymology: From idealize + -ation.
Senses: glosses: The act or process of idealizing.
glosses: The representation of natural objects, scenes, etc., in such a way as to show their most important characteristics; the study of the ideal.
Derived terms: overidealization
illumination
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˌlumɪˈneɪʃən/
ipa: /ɪˌl(j)umɪˈneɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: illuminations
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French illumination, from Late Latin illuminatio, from Latin illumino. Equivalent to illuminate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: The room was filled with soft illumination from the candles.
text: Streetlights provide illumination at night.
glosses: The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the state of being illuminated.
glosses: Festive decoration of houses or buildings with lights.
glosses: Adornment of books and manuscripts with colored illustrations. See illuminate (transitive verb).
glosses: Splendour; brightness.
examples: text: The philosopher’s work gave intellectual illumination to many.
glosses: Enlightening influence; inspiration.
Synonyms: word: lumination
Derived terms: bioillumination
counterillumination
endoillumination
global illumination
illuminationism
illuminationist
illumination problem
nonillumination
oblique illumination
overillumination
over-illumination
Phong illumination
photoillumination
postillumination
preillumination
reillumination
retroillumination
structured illumination
structured illumination microscopy
transillumination
underillumination
unillumination
Related terms: illuminator
illustration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪl.əˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: illustrations
Etymology: From Middle French illustration, from Latin illūstrātiō, from illūstrō (“I illustrate”). By surface analysis, illustrate + -ion.
Senses: glosses: The act of illustrating; the act of making clear and distinct.
glosses: The state of being illustrated, or of being made clear and distinct.
examples: text: England will regard it as a measure of justice for Frank Lampard's disallowed goal against Germany in Bloemfontein at the 2010 World Cup - but it was also an illustration of how they rode their luck for long periods in front of a predictably partisan home crowd.
ref: 2012 June 19, Phil McNulty, “England 1-0 Ukraine”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.
examples: text: The illustration showing the water cycle made it much easier to understand for the children.
text: The sleeve of the band's new CD includes illustrations from deceased former members.
glosses: A picture designed to decorate a publication, or elucidate a literary work.
glosses: A calculated prevision of insurance premiums and returns (life insurance)
Derived terms: illustrational
illustration board
overillustration
photoillustration
reillustration
Related terms: cartoon
diagram
picture
imagery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒɹi/
ipa: /-ədʒɹi/
ipa: /ˈɪmɪd͡ʒəɹi/
note: Indic
ipa: /ɪˈmedʒ(ə)ri/
Forms: form: imageries
Etymology: From Middle English ymagerie, from Middle French imagerie; equivalent to image + -ry.
Senses: glosses: The work of one who makes images or visible representation of objects.
glosses: Imitation work.
glosses: Images in general, or en masse.
glosses: Unreal show; imitation; appearance.
glosses: The work of the imagination or fancy; false ideas; imaginary phantasms.
glosses: Rhetorical decoration in writing or speaking; vivid descriptions presenting or suggesting images of sensible objects; figures in discourse.
Derived terms: afterimagery
imagery rescripting
microimagery
neuroimagery
orthoimagery
phosphoimagery
imagination
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: imaginations
Etymology: From Middle English ymaginacioun, from Old French imaginacion, ymaginacion, from Latin imāginātiō. Equivalent to imagine + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: Imagination is one of the most advanced human faculties.
text: She removed Stranleigh’s coat with a dexterity that aroused his imagination.
ref: 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 5, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
glosses: The image-making power of the mind; the act of mentally creating or reproducing an object not previously perceived; the ability to create such images.
examples: text: You think someone's been following you? That's just your imagination.
glosses: Particularly, construction of false images; fantasizing.
examples: text: His imagination makes him a valuable team member.
glosses: Creativity; resourcefulness.
examples: text: And yet the invention of young men, is more lively than that of old; and imaginations stream into their minds better, and, as it were, more divinely.
ref: 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Youth and Age”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
synonyms: conception
notion
imagining
glosses: A mental image formed by the action of the imagination as a faculty; something imagined.
Synonyms: sense: the representative power
word: creativity
sense: the representative power
word: fancy
sense: the representative power
word: imaginativeness
sense: the representative power
word: invention
sense: the representative power
word: inventiveness
Derived terms: by any stretch of the imagination
by no stretch of imagination
by no stretch of the imagination
counterimagination
figment of one's imagination
imaginational
imaginationless
leave little to the imagination
leave nothing to the imagination
leave to the imagination
misimagination
reimagination
immerse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmɜːs/
ipa: /ɪˈmɝs/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)s
Forms: form: immerses
form: immersing
form: immersed
form: immersed
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin immersus, from immergō, from in + mergō.
Senses: examples: text: Archimedes determined the volume of objects by immersing them in water.
text: ... the two plates of platinum immersed in oxygen and hydrogen gases
ref: 1883, The Electrical Journal, page 501:
text: Even after the process of germination has taken place, if the young plant be immersed in an atmosphere of either of those gases [hydrogen and nitrogen], vegetation and life will immediately cease.
ref: 1841, William Rhind, A history of the vegetable kingdom, page 110:
text: The buoyant force of the atmospheric air on solids and liquids immersed in it is for most purposes negligible compared to the weight of solid or liquid, ...
ref: 1955, George Shortley, Dudley Williams, Elements of Physics for Students of Science and Engineering:
glosses: To place within a fluid (generally a liquid, but also a gas).
examples: text: The sculptor immersed himself in anatomic studies.
glosses: To involve or engage deeply.
examples: text: Thus, in mathematical terms a Klein bottle cannot be "embedded" but only "immersed" in three dimensions as an embedding has no self-intersections but an immersion may have them.
ref: 2002, Kari Jormakka, Flying Dutchmen: Motion in Architecture, page 40:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: To map into an immersion.
Synonyms: submerge
Derived terms: immersable
immerser
immersible
immersion
immersive
reimmerse
immerse
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmɜːs/
ipa: /ɪˈmɝs/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)s
Forms: form: more immerse
form: most immerse
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin immersus, from immergō, from in + mergō.
Senses: examples: text: After a long enquiry of things immerse in matter, I interpose some object which is immateriate, or less materiate; such as this of sounds.
ref: 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
glosses: Immersed; buried; sunk.
immigration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃn/
ipa: /ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: immigrations
Etymology: From immigrate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: The Bohemians had come then, and after them the Poles. People said that old man Durham himself was responsible for these immigrations; he had sworn that he would fix the people of Packingtown so that they would never again call a strike on him, and so he had sent his agents into every city and village in Europe to spread the tale of the chances of work and high wages at the stockyards.
ref: 1905 April–October, Upton Sinclair, chapter VI, in The Jungle, New York, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 26 February 1906, →OCLC:
text: Another measure of the inadequacy of the Immigration and Nationality Act has been the huge volume of private immigration bills introduced in Congress. These are bills to deal with individual hardship cases for which the general law fails to provide. In the Eighty-seventh Congress over 3,500 such bills were introduced. Private immigration bills make up about half of our legislation today.
ref: 1964, John F. Kennedy, A Nation of Immigrants, Revised and Enlarged edition, Harper & Row, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 79:
text: [Stephen] Miller’s uncle, a neuroscientist, has been welcomed onto the public stage for his denunciations of his nephew’s immigration policies, which the elder Miller has characterized as hypocritical: the Millers’ not-so-distant Jewish ancestors were, of course, immigrants themselves.
ref: 2019 July 15, Greg Afinogenov, “The Jewish Case for Open Borders”, in Jewish Currents, number Summer 2019:
glosses: The act of immigrating; the passing or coming into a country of which one is not native born for the purpose of permanent residence.
examples: text: It took ages to get through immigration last time.
glosses: The process of going through immigration checks at a border checkpoint.
Derived terms: antiimmigration
anti-immigration
crimmigration
illegal immigration
immigrational
immigrationism
immigrationist
nonimmigration
postimmigration
preimmigration
proimmigration
pro-immigration
reimmigration
Related terms: emigrate
emigration
immigrate
inmigration
in-migration
migrate
migration
outmigration
out-migration
immolation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: immolations
Etymology: From Middle English immolacion, from Middle French immolation, from Old French, from Latin immolatio.
Senses: examples: text: Mary heard with sorrow, and fear also, of the projected journey; but the altered expression of Isabella's countenance was a great palliative—dreadful as it was that her husband should love another (and of that distressing fact it was impossible to doubt), his confidence was consoling; and her power to prove the firmness of her character, her right to his esteem, and the immolation of her happiness to further his desires, had, in itself, the sustainment which belongs to great sacrifice.
ref: 1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter XXVIII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 66:
text: The preposterous altruism too![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.
ref: 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
glosses: The act of immolating, or the state of being immolated, or sacrificed.
glosses: That which is immolated; a sacrifice.
Derived terms: self-immolation
twimmolation
Related terms: immolate
immoral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmɒɹəl/
ipa: /ɪˈmɔɹəl/
rhymes: -ɒɹəl
Forms: form: more immoral
form: most immoral
Etymology: From im- + moral.
Senses: examples: text: Let marriage be held in honor among all, and let the marriage bed be undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterous.
ref: English Standard translation of the Bible, Book of Hebrews 13:4
text: Lessons from history remind us that immoral societies don’t last very long and that the saying, “Good will be rewarded and evil will incur punishment” is a truism, reminding us of the proper way to behave—for our own benefit and that of others.
ref: 2020 May 27, Qingtong, “Officials in Ancient Times Blessed for Doing Good Deeds”, in Minghui:
antonyms: moral
pure
righteous
glosses: Breaching principles of natural law, rectitude, or justice, and so inconsistent with the demands of virtue, purity, or "good morals"; not right, not moral. (Compare unethical, illegal.)
Synonyms: word: aberrant
word: corrupt
word: corrupted
word: depraved
word: dirty-handed
word: dissolute
word: effete
word: errant
word: indecent
word: indecorous
word: immodest
word: immoral
word: improper
word: incontinent
word: iniquitous
word: iniquous
word: licentious
word: obscene
word: perverse
word: perverted
word: profligate
word: unduteous
word: undutiful
word: unethical
word: ungodly
word: unjust
word: unprincipled
word: unrighteous
word: unseemly
word: unscrupulous
word: unworthy
word: wrong
Hypernyms: word: impure
word: unrestrained
Hyponyms: word: criminal
word: debauched
word: decadent
word: degenerate
word: devious
word: dishonest
word: evil
word: promiscuous
word: shameless
word: vicious
word: villainous
Coordinate terms: amoral
unethical
illegal
Derived terms: immoralism
immoralist
immoralistic
immoralize
immorally
Related terms: word: inhumane
word: inequitable
word: unfair
word: despicable
immorality
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪməˈɹælɪti/
ipa: /ɪmɔːˈɹælɪti/
rhymes: -ælɪti
Forms: form: immoralities
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being immoral; vice.
examples: text: وَإِذَا فَعَلُوا فَاحِشَةً قَالُوا وَجَدْنَا عَلَيْهَا آبَاءَنَا وَٱللَٰهُ أَمَرَنَا بِهَا
ref: 1997, Emily Assami, Mary Kennedy, Amatullah Bantley, transl., The Qur'an (Saheeh International Translation), surah 7, verse 28:
roman: waʔiḏā faʕalū fāḥišatan qālū wajadnā ʕalayhā ʔābāʔanā wal-lāhu ʔamaranā bihā
glosses: An immoral act or practice.
Synonyms: turpitude
Related terms: amorality
immortalization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immortalizations
form: immortalisation
Etymology: From immortalize + -ation or immortal + -ization.
Senses: glosses: The act of immortalizing, or state of being immortalized
Derived terms: deimmortalization
immune
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmjuːn/
rhymes: -uːn
Forms: form: more immune
form: most immune
Etymology: From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).
Senses: examples: text: As a diplomat, you are immune from prosecution.
text: He had always been remarkably immune from such little ailments, and had only once in his life been ill, of a vicious pneumonia long ago at school. He hadn't the faintest idea what to with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.
ref: 1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:
text: Bret Stephens believed that, by virtue of his comfortable position at the New York Times, he ought to be immune from insult or criticism.
ref: 2019 September 3, David Karpf, “Bret Stephens Compared Me to a Nazi Propagandist in the New York Times. It Proved My Point.”, in Esquire:
glosses: Exempt; not subject to.
raw_tags: with "from"
examples: text: I am immune to chicken pox.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Protected by inoculation, or due to innate resistance to pathogens.
raw_tags: with "to"
examples: text: Alas, he was immune to my charms.
text: [...] most of the original electrical signalling equipment has had to be replaced by apparatus immune to 50-cycle currents.
ref: 1959 June, “The opening of the Colchester-Walton-Clacton electrification”, in Trains Illustrated, page 306:
glosses: Not vulnerable.
examples: text: immune system
text: We examined the patient's immune response.
text: Many genes with reproductive roles also have antibacterial and immune functions, which indicate that the threat of microbial attack on the sperm or egg may be a major influence on rapid evolution during reproduction.
ref: 2013 May-June, Katrina G. Claw, “Rapid Evolution in Eggs and Sperm”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to immunity.
Synonyms: word: -proof
word: exempt
word: immune
word: impenetrable
word: impermeable
word: impervious
word: protected
word: resistant
word: unaffectable
word: unsusceptible
Hyponyms: word: unprosecutable
Derived terms: acquired immune deficiency syndrome
alloimmune
autoimmune
auto-immune
cell-mediated immune response
chemoimmune
counterimmune
cryoimmune
dysimmune
gastrimmune
gay-related immune deficiency
hematoimmune
heteroimmune
homoimmune
hyperimmune
hypoimmune
immune cell
immune complex
immune deficiency
immune evasion
immunevasion
immune privilege
immune reaction
immune response
immune system
immunify
immunology
immunome
immunomics
isoimmune
lymphoimmune
neuroimmune
nonimmune
osteoimmune
pauci-immune
postimmune
preimmune
radioimmune
seroimmune
unimmune
xenoimmune
immune
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmjuːn/
rhymes: -uːn
Forms: form: immunes
Etymology: From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).
Senses: examples: text: Susceptibles effectively exposed to cases become cases in the next time period; cases recovering from the infection accumulate as immunes.
ref: 1965, Rene J. Dubos, James G. Hirsch, editors, Bacterial and Mycotic Infections of Man, page 742:
topics: epidemiology
medicine
sciences
glosses: A person who is not susceptible to infection by a particular disease
Coordinate terms: infective
susceptible
immune
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmjuːn/
rhymes: -uːn
Forms: form: immunes
form: immuning
form: immuned
form: immuned
Etymology: From Middle English, from Middle French immun, from Latin immūnis (“exempt from public service”), from in- (“not”) + mūnus (“service”).
Senses: examples: text: In the seventies those who met me did not know / Of the vision / That immuned me from the chillings of mis-prision […]
ref: 1917, Thomas Hardy, In the Seventies:
text: The utilization of such milk will, however, necessitate an adaptable milk preservation method, through which the immuning agents will not be destroyed or diminished.
ref: 1905, American Veterinary Medical Association, Journal, volume 29, page 42:
glosses: To make immune.
impersonation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: impersonations
Etymology: From im- + person + -ation or impersonate + -ion.
Senses: glosses: the act of impersonating
Derived terms: female impersonation
implantation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmplɑːnˈteɪʃ(ə)n/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: implantations
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French implantation.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The way in which an organ, bone, muscle etc. becomes inserted into its set place.
glosses: Planting; securing a plant etc. into the ground.
glosses: The introduction of a notion, idea or thought into someone's mind.
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: The act of inserting a medical implant.
topics: embryology
medicine
sciences
glosses: The attachment of the fertilized ovum to the uterus wall.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The insertion of ions into the crystal structure of another material through ion bombardment.
Derived terms: anti-implantation
coimplantation
implantation bleeding
interimplantation
misimplantation
periimplantation
postimplantation
preimplantation
reimplantation
implication
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: implications
Etymology: From Middle French implication, from Latin implicationem (accusative of implicatio).Equivalent to implicate + -ion.
Senses: glosses: The act of implicating.
glosses: The state of being implicated.
examples: text: Dumping waste in the river will have serious implications for the environment.
text: And while that number is expected to shift back slightly into positive territory over this decade, fewer children today establishes an unmistakable implication for tomorrow: fewer adults available as consumers, workers and taxpayers.
ref: 2021 April 23, Ronald Brownstein, “The racist ‘replacement theory’ has it all backward”, in CNN:
text: With his legal maneuverings, Trump is showing that he also understands the implications of this election — one that could give him substantial powers as president to defray or dismiss many of the legal threats that he’s facing and to behave in office without future accountability.
ref: 2024 February 5, Stephen Collinson, “Trump’s legal battles are at a critical moment with major implications for the 2024 election”, in CNN:
glosses: A possible effect or result of a decision or action.
examples: text: But we can also take a more analytical attitude to these displays, interpreting the movements as no more than approachings, touchings, and departings with no implication that one shape caused the other to move.
ref: 2011, Lance J. Rips, Lines of Thought: Central Concepts in Cognitive Psychology, page 168:
glosses: An implying, or that which is implied, but not expressed; an inference, or something which may fairly be understood, though not expressed in words.
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The connective in propositional calculus that, when joining two predicates A and B in that order, has the meaning "if A is true, then B is true".
glosses: Logical consequence.
Derived terms: implicational
material implication
misimplication
nonimplication
strict implication
Related terms: implicate
implicative
implicature
implicit
implicitness
imply
importation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: importations
Etymology: From import + -ation.
Senses: glosses: The act or an instance of importing.
glosses: The act or an instance of carrying or conveying, especially into some system, place, area or country.
glosses: That which is imported; commodities or wares introduced into a country from abroad.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
hypernyms: loan
coordinate_terms: substitution
glosses: The use of a term which consists of formally foreign elements.
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The logical law (P→(Q→R))⇒((P∧Q)→R).
Derived terms: nonimportation
overimportation
reimportation
impound
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpaʊ̯nd/
ipa: /ˈɪmpaʊ̯nd/
rhymes: -aʊnd
Forms: form: impounds
form: impounding
form: impounded
form: impounded
Etymology: From im- + pound.
Senses: examples: text: His car was impounded after he parked it illegally.
text: Noveria Approach Control: Landing access granted, Normandy.
Noveria Approach Control: Be advised: we will be confirming identification on arrival. If confirmation cannot be established, your vessel will be impounded.
ref: 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Noveria:
glosses: To shut up or place in an enclosure called a pound.
examples: text: water impounded by a dam
glosses: To hold back.
examples: text: to impound stray cattle
text: to impound a document for safekeeping.
text: I particularly enjoyed the tale of the Folkestone tank engine, which, in October, 1886, was impounded by H. M. Customs after smuggled brandy was found concealed in its coal bunker; the tank spent over a month in a harbour siding under Customs seal and proceedings were seriously contemplated against the S.E.R., as well as against the crew, for the engine's part in the affair.
ref: 1963 September, “New Books: The Locomotives of the South Eastern Railway”, in Modern Railways, page 216:
text: The container thought to have belonged to Garweg was impounded by police and removed from the site by the Federal Agency for Protective Relief (THW) on Sunday and taken for further examination.
ref: 2024 March 4, Kate Connolly, “German prosecutors urge Red Army Faction suspects to surrender”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: law
glosses: To hold in the custody of a court or its delegate.
topics: banking
business
law
glosses: To collect and hold (funds) for payment of property taxes and insurance on property in which one has a security interest.
Derived terms: impoundable
impoundage
impounder
impoundment
unimpounded
impound
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpaʊ̯nd/
ipa: /ˈɪmpaʊ̯nd/
rhymes: -aʊnd
Forms: form: impounds
Etymology: From im- + pound.
Senses: examples: text: "You're gonna drive me to the impound so I can get my car?"
ref: 1997, Edward Bunker, Dog Eat Dog, page 36:
glosses: A place in which impounded things are stored.
examples: text: I already checked that out, and Keller has never called to get it out of impound.
ref: 2010, Neal Locke, No Plan, page 161:
glosses: The state of being impounded.
examples: text: He handed the keys to the woman and pointed toward the corner of the lot where the impounds were stored.
ref: 2002, James E. Wollrab, Malfeasance, page 190:
glosses: That which has been impounded.
topics: banking
business
law
glosses: Amounts collected from a debtor and held by one with a security interest in property for payment of property taxes and insurance.
Related terms: escrow