cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
signifying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: signifyings
Senses: examples: text: For the sake of convenience, we may call these pointings or signifyings the secondary phase of meaning.
ref: 1939, Coleman Roberts Griffith, Psychology Applied to Teaching and Learning:
glosses: signification
Related terms: signifying chain
signifying monkey
transcriptions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of transcription
unreasonably
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: enpr: ŭn-rēʹ-zən-ə-blē
ipa: /ʌnˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/
ipa: /ʌnˈɹiː.z.nə.bli/
rhymes: -iːzənəbli
Forms: form: more unreasonably
form: most unreasonably
Etymology: From Middle English unresonably; equivalent to unreasonable + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He behaved unreasonably.
text: Fye, you confine your ſelfe moſt vnreaſonably: Come, you muſt go viſit the good Lady that lies in.
ref: c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 4, column 2:
text: When I employ myself upon a paper of morality, I generally consider how I may recommend the particular virtue which I treat of, by the precepts or examples of the ancient heathens; by that means, if possible, to shame those who have greater advantages of knowing their duty, and therefore greater obligations to perform it, into a better course of life: besides that many among us are unreasonably disposed to give a fairer hearing to a pagan philosopher, than to a christian writer.
ref: 1711 November 3, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, “The Spectator”, in Saturday, volume 3, number 213:
text: When thus gentle, Bessie seemed to me the best, prettiest, kindest being in the world; and I wished most intensely that she would always be so pleasant and amiable, and never push me about, or scold, or task me unreasonably, as she was too often wont to do.
ref: 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter IV, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 45:
text: Until then, the Sunak administration remains a study in ineffectuality on multiple fronts, leading Goldsmith to cite, not unreasonably, “a kind of paralysis”.
ref: 2023 June 30, Marina Hyde, “The tide is coming in fast on Rishi Sunak – and it’s full of sewage”, in The Guardian:
glosses: In an unreasonable manner.
examples: text: The team was given an unreasonably short amount of time to put together a presentation.
text: 1737, Jonathan Swift, Letter to Alderman Barber dated 30 March, 1737, in The Works of Dr Jonathan Swift, Edinburgh: J. Balfour, 1766, Volume 11, p. 126,
Thus bishops, deans, and chapters, as well as other corporations, seldom or never let their lands even so high as half the value; and when they raise those rents which are unreasonably low, it is by degrees.
text: The Senate of the United States has been both extravagantly praised and unreasonably disparaged, according to the predisposition and temper of its various critics.
ref: 1885, Woodrow Wilson, chapter 4, in Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics, Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, page 193:
text: I get unreasonably angry with John sometimes. I’m sure I never used to be so sensitive. I think it is due to this nervous condition.
ref: 1892, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper:
glosses: To an unreasonable degree.
argosy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: argosies
Etymology: Alteration of Italian ragusea (“a large ship”), after the maritime city of Ragusa, now Dubrovnik.
Senses: glosses: A merchant ship.
examples: text: Gremio, 'tis known my father hath no less Than three great argosies, besides two galliasses, And twelve tight galleys; these I will assure her, And twice as much, whate'er thou offer'st next.
ref: c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
glosses: A merchant flotilla, fleet.
examples: text: The wreck was total—as total as that ever is which trusts its all to one argosy.
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter IX, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 197:
text: ...here smiting with irresistible force some adamantine rock of gross ignorance or cruel superstition, there shaking with its mighty voice of thunder some dread abyss where lurks the taint of covert vice, or crouches the misshapen form of monstrous irreligion, coursing through gloomy chasms and deep dark ravines, and laying bare to the glorious rays of universal and progressive intelligence the golden sands of philosophic lore and scientific research, ever widening, ever expanding, the while bearing richly-freighted argosies of accumulated lore onward through years, and ephochs, and cycles — forever onward — to the borad bosom of that illimitable ocean of perfected wisdom which, unsweapt by temporal gale, unruffled by even a transient breeze of earthly misconception or scepticism, placid and profound, sleeps forever beneath the beams of the eternal sun.
ref: 1882 February, A.H. Morrison, Galt, “Words: Their Abuses, Uses, and Beauties”, in The Canada Educational Monthly and School Magazine, page 58:
text: Yet we may be grateful to him for saving for us from the wreck of ancient literature some waifs and strays which, but for his humble labours, might have sunk irretrievably with so many golden argosies in the fathomless ocean of the past.
ref: 1921, Sir James George Frazer, Apollodorus: The Library (Loeb Classical Library), volume I, Introduction, § 1: “The Author and His Book”, page xxxiii
text: Pushkin's passage adumbrates the specific contents of Atravinsky's first and third tableaux, which suggests it may actually have helped guide the composer's imagination as he threaded his way among the songs in Kireyevsky's, Tereshchenko's, and Sakharov's immense argosies of wedding lore.
ref: 1996, Richard Taruskin, Stravinsky and the Russian Traditions, →ISBN:
text: Returning to the Shakespeare lines with which this discussion began, one should note that “Rose” is nowhere to be found among the hundred currently most popular girls' given names in America, having been elbowed out by argosies of Tiffanys, Courtneys, Kimberlys et al.
ref: 2017, Michael Shapiro, The Speaking Self: Language Lore and English Usage, →ISBN:
glosses: An abundant supply, boatload.
IMPRS-LS
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Life Sciences.
bastardy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈbæstə(ɹ)di/
/ˈbɑːstə(ɹ)di/
Forms: form: bastardies
Etymology: From Middle English bastardie (also as bastardrie), a borrowing from Middle French bastardie. Equivalent to bastard + -y.
Senses: examples: text: Go, after, after, cousin Buckingham.
The Mayor towards Guildhall hies him in all post:—
There, at your meet'st advantage of the time,
Infer the bastardy of Edward's children:
Tell them how Edward put to death a citizen,
Only for saying he would make his son
Heir to the crown;—meaning, indeed, his house,
Which, by the sign thereof, was termed so.
ref: c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
topics: law
glosses: The condition of being illegitimate, of being born to an unmarried woman and man or as the fruit of adultery.
Derived terms: bastardy bond
Related terms: bastard
bastardhood
bastardship
beachy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbiːt͡ʃi/
rhymes: -iːtʃi
homophone: beechy
Forms: form: beachier
form: beachiest
Etymology: From beach + -y.
Senses: examples: text: O God that one might reade the booke of fate, / And ſee the reuolution of the times, / Make mountaines leuell, and the continent / Weary of ſolide firmeneſſe melt it ſelfe / Into the ſea, and other times to ſee, / The beachie girdle of the ocean, / Too wide for Neptunes hips, how chances mockes, / And changes fill the cup of alteration, / With diuers liquors!
ref: c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Second Part of Henrie the Fourth, […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
glosses: Pertaining to the material making up the edge of a seashore, as with pebbles, gravel, and sand.
examples: 2004 Exporters, here's a "beachy" place to get your feet wet. It's close by, and one of the main tourist destinations in the Caribbean. — USDA site
glosses: Pertaining to a beach or something beach-like.
Derived terms: beachiness
Beachy Head
unbeachy
beardless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more beardless
form: most beardless
Etymology: From Middle English bērdlēs, from Old English beardlēas (“beardless”), from Proto-West Germanic *bardalaus (“beardless”), equivalent to beard + -less. Cognate with Scots berdles (“beardless”), Saterland Frisian boartloos (“beardless”), West Frisian burdleas (“beardless”), Dutch baardeloos (“beardless”), German Low German baartlos (“beardless”), German bartlos (“beardless”).
Senses: examples: text: A eunuch is a negative creature. A beardless Moslem is contemptuously designated as manless.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page iii:
text: Distinctly slender (willowy), quietly fem/androgynous, beardless chap who can wear clothes and speak well is what I'm hoping to find.
ref: 1987 February 1, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 28, page 13:
glosses: Lacking a beard.
examples: text: shall a beardless boy,
Cocker’d silken wanton, brave our fields,
And flesh his spirit in a warlike soil,
Mocking the air with colours idly spread,
And find no check?
ref: 1596, Shakespeare, King John, Act 4, Scene 1:
glosses: Not having reached puberty or manhood; youthful.
raw_tags: of a male
examples: text: beardless wheat
glosses: Lacking an awn.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
ornithology
glosses: Lacking a beard (a defined patch of feathers below the beak).
Derived terms: beardlessness
Related terms: beard
bearded
beardedness
debeard
unbeard
bechance
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɪˈt͡ʃæns/
ipa: /bɪˈt͡ʃɑːns/
rhymes: -æns
rhymes: -ɑːns
Forms: form: bechances
form: bechancing
form: bechanced
form: bechanced
Etymology: From be- + chance.
Senses: glosses: To happen; chance.
examples: text: Disturb his hours of rest with restless trances, / Afflict him in his bed with bedrid groans; / Let there bechance him pitiful mischances, / To make him moan; but pity not his moans: / Stone him with harden'd hearts, harder than stones
ref: 1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To happen (to); befall to.
Synonyms: sense: to happen
word: come to pass
word: occur
word: transpire
bechance
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɪˈt͡ʃæns/
ipa: /bɪˈt͡ʃɑːns/
rhymes: -æns
rhymes: -ɑːns
Etymology: From be- (“by”) + chance.
Senses: examples: text: [Y]et we haue withſtood them till at the last battayle of Branxſton, where we bechaunce loſt our ſouereigne Lorde, and many noble men, but that was by treaſon of his Lord Chamberleyn, and yet I thinke we wanne the field: […]
ref: 1569, Richard Grafton, “Henry the Eyght”, in A Chronicle at Large and Meere History of the Affayres of Englande […], volume II, London: […] Henry Denham, […], for Richarde Tottle and Humffrey Toye, →OCLC, page 1073:
glosses: Accidentally; by chance.
exchequers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of exchequer
bedfellow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɛdˌfɛloʊ/
Forms: form: bedfellows
Etymology: From Middle English bedfelawe, equivalent to bed + fellow.
Senses: examples: text: Yong budding Virgin, faire, and freſh,& ſweet, / Whether away, or whether is thy aboade? / Happy the Parents of ſo faire a childe; / Happier the man whom fauourable ſtars / A lots thee for his louely bedfellow.
ref: c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v], page 226:
text: Car[azie]. / In the day I waite on my Lady when ſhe eates, / Carry her pantophles, beare vp her trayne / Sing her aſleepe at night, and when ſhe pleaſes / I am her bedfellow. / Gaz[et]. / How? her bedfellow, / And lye with her? / Car[azie]. / Yes, and lye with her.
ref: 1630, Philip Massinger, The Renegado, a Tragæ Comedie. As It Hath Beene Often Acted by the Queenes Maiesties Seruants, at the Priuate Play-house in Drurye-Lane., London: […] A[ugustine] M[athewes] for Iohn Waterson, […], act III, scene IV:
text: Therefore, grave mistresses of fate, I pray / That I may never live to see the day / When Zeus takes me for his bedfellow;
ref: 1922, “Prometheus Bound”, in Geoffrey Montagu Cookson, transl., Four Plays of Aeschylus, page 203:
synonyms: bedmate
bedpartner
glosses: One with whom one shares a bed.
examples: text: They say that "misfortune makes men acquainted with strange bedfellows". The old hereditary Whig Cabinet ministers must, no doubt, by this time have learned to feel themselves at home with strange neighbours at their elbows.
ref: 1873, Anthony Trollope, chapter 40, in Phineas Redux:
text: Certain aspects of reprint publishing are more akin to university press publishing than to any other sector of the publishing industry, but the relationships between the two frequently create unwilling bedfellows.
ref: 1972, Carol A. Nemeyer, Scholarly Reprint Publishing in the United States, New York, N.Y.: R. R. Bowker Co., →ISBN, page 8:
text: Statistics and truth can be uneasy bedfellows when it comes to football, but one fact could not be ignored: neither side has a player with more than seven goals to his name.
ref: 2011 February 12, Les Roopanarine, “Birmingham 1 - 0 Stoke”, in BBC:
glosses: An associate, often an otherwise improbable one.
Derived terms: bedfellowship
strange bedfellow
Related terms: bedshare
blastment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: blastments
Etymology: From blast + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: And in the morn and liquid dew of youth
Contagious blastments are most imminent.
ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:
glosses: A sudden strike or injury; a pernicious thing.
blessedness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɛsɪdnɪs/
Forms: form: blessednesses
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English blessednesse, equivalent to blessed + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: But earthlyer happy is the roſe diſtild, / Then that, vvhich, vvithering on the virgin thorne, / Grovves, liues, and dies, in ſingle bleſſedneſſe.
ref: c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
text: It matters little to tell you of my blessedness; but my very heart was filled with the light of those radiant eyes, which were to me what the sun is to the world.
ref: 1832, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Heath's Book of Beauty, 1833, The Enchantress, page 19:
glosses: The condition or state of being blessed; holy.
blessedly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more blessedly
form: most blessedly
Etymology: From Middle English blessedly, blessidly, blestly. By surface analysis, blessed + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Therefore ſhould every Souldier in the Warres doe as euery ſicke man in his Bed, waſh euery Moth out of his Conſcience: and dying ſo, Death is to him aduantage; or not dying, the time was blessedly loſt, wherein ſuch preparation was gayned: […]
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 84, column 2:
glosses: In a blessed or holy manner.
examples: text: We shall blessedly meet again never to depart.
ref: a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:
english: The New Arcadia
translation: The New Arcadia
synonyms: word: cheerfully
word: joyously
word: blessedly
word: bubblingly
word: chearfully
word: cheerfully
word: cheerily
word: cheerly
word: eudaemonically
word: eupeptically
word: gaily
word: gayly
word: genially
word: gladly
word: happily
word: joyfully
word: joyously
word: lightheartedly
word: merrily
word: mirthfully
glosses: Happily, joyfully; fortunately.
brawler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹɔːlə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈbɹɔlɚ/
ipa: /ˈbɹɑlɚ/
rhymes: -ɔːlə(ɹ)
Forms: form: brawlers
Etymology: From Middle English brawler, brawlere, equivalent to brawl + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The world hath noted. And your name is great
In mouthes of wiſeſt Cenſure. What's the matter
That you vnlace your reputation thus,
And ſpend your rich opinion, for the name
Of a night-brawler? Giue me anſwer to it.
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 320, column 2:
text: A Biſhop then muſt be blameleſſe, the huſband of one wife, vigilant, ſober, of good behauiour, giuen to hoſpitalitie, apt to teach;
Not giuen to wine, no ſtriker, not greedy of filthy lucre, but patient, not a brawler, not couetous;
One that ruleth well his owne houſe, hauing his children in ſubiection with all grauitie.
(For if a man know not how to rule his owne houſe, how ſhall he take care of the Church of God?)
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Timothy 3:2–4, columns 1–2:
glosses: One who brawls, engages in noisy, unseemly fights.
examples: text: "Classic brawlers ranging from Double Dragon to Streets of Rage and even Brutal Legend created my initial seed of interest for working on one," Deighan said.
ref: 2020, Patrick Hickey Jr., The Minds Behind Adventure Games, page 136:
topics: video-games
glosses: A beat 'em up game.
Synonyms: word: rooster
-adic
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Etymology: Back-formation from monadic, etc., from Ancient Greek -άς (-ás) (genitive -άδος (-ádos)) + -ικός (-ikós) (English -ad + -ic). Compare related adicity and Latinate -ary.
The algebraic sense is by analogy with p-adic, since ℤ₍ₚ₎ equipped with the (p)-adic topology passes to the ring of p-adic numbers under the operation of completion.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Having a specified adicity.
topics: algebra
mathematics
sciences
qualifier: combined with a symbol (here I but also often p, m, or a) representing an ideal of R
glosses: Such that the sets x+Iⁿᴹ (where x∈M, n a non-negative integer) form a basis for the topology.
raw_tags: of a topology on a module M over a ring R
Synonyms: sense: adicity
word: -ary
Related terms: decadic
duadic
dyadic
enneadic
heptadic
hexadic
monadic
n-adic
niladic
nonadic
octadic
p-adic
pentadic
polyadic
tetradic
triadic
variadic
last burst of fire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: last bursts of fire
Senses: examples: text: [...] in a last burst of fire, striking out at "soft" targets, like [the] stock market, power utilities, or communications centres.
ref: 2005, ISO.org:
text: And that's what my column is -- a futile last burst of fire at the rising tide of busybodies and mediocrity.
ref: 2006 CE: J.D. Tuccille, Full Automatic Tuccille : Full Automatic (Google archive)
text: And it usually is the last burst of fire - if you still ignore this call, then be prepared to bear with the consequences [...]
ref: 2006, Kloudiia's Kit:
text: It's the final stretch! Give it the last burst of fire. I must really salute each one of you especially all the WTR. It was physically and mentally draining, but all of you have overcome fatigue and have done extremely well.
ref: 2006 CE. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/clipper/view.php?g_page=5
text: Getting ready for my last burst of fire for the project during the next 2 weeks. After that I will take my much needed rest.
ref: 2006 CE. https://web.archive.org/web/20060326173537/http://blog.wificat.com/?m=20060320
glosses: A final effort, a final attempt before stopping.
bungle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbʌŋɡ(ə)l/
rhymes: -ʌŋɡəl
Forms: form: bungles
Etymology: The origin of the verb is uncertain; it is either:
* onomatopoeic in origin (compare bumble (“to act in an inept, clumsy or inexpert manner; to make mistakes”), fumble (“to grope awkwardly in trying to find something; to blunder uncertainly”)); or
* from Old Norse; compare Old Swedish bunga (“to strike”), and dialectal Swedish bangla (“to work ineffectually”).
The noun is derived from the verb.
Cognates
* German Bengel (“cudgel; rude fellow”)
* Middle High German bungen (“to hammer”)
Senses: examples: text: VVherefore this Religious affection vvhich nature has implanted, and as ſtrongly rooted in Man as the feare of death or the love of vvomen, vvould be the moſt enormous ſlip or bungle ſhe could commit, ſo that ſhe vvould ſo ſhamefully faile in the laſt Act, in this contrivance of the nature of Man, that inſtead of a Plaudite ſhe vvould deſerve to be hiſſed off the Stage.
ref: 1653, Henry More, chapter XII, in An Antidote against Atheisme, or An Appeal to the Natural Faculties of the Minde of Man, whether There Be Not a God, London: […] Roger Daniel, […], →OCLC, book II, page 102:
text: The second figure [of the dance] commenced, and I made a sad bungle; so I did of the third, and fourth, and fifth, for I never had danced a cotillon.
ref: 1833, [Frederick Marryat], chapter XII, in Peter Simple. […], volume II, London: Saunders and Otley, […], published 1834, →OCLC, page 200:
text: The Soudan bungle was born partly of sentimental loyalty and partly of the aforementioned jealousy existing between the colonies, and now at a time when the colonies should club closer together our Government is doing all they can to widen the breach by trying to pass a bill enabling New South Wales to monopolise the name "Australia".
ref: 1888, Henry Lawson, United Division (essay):
synonyms: botch
muddle
glosses: A botched or incompetently handled action or situation; a blunder.
flowerpot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈflaʊɚˌpɑt/
ipa: /ˈflaʊəˌpɒt/
Forms: form: flowerpots
form: flower pot
form: flower-pot
Etymology: From flower + pot.
Senses: examples: text: O Laurinella! little doſt thou wot
 How fraile a flower thou doſt ſo highly prize:
Beauty's the flower, but love the flower-pot
 That muſt preſerve it, els it quickly dyes.
ref: 1653, William Basse, “Clio, or The First Muse; in 9 Eglogues in Honor of 9 Vertues. As It was in His Dayes Intended. [Munday. Laurinella. Eglogue. Of True and Chast Love.]”, in J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, The Pastorals and Other Workes of William Basse. […] (Miscellaneous Tracts, Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London: s.n.], published 1870, →OCLC, page 14:
text: I hope you will think kindly of my whitened bones, and never have anything more to do with Greek writing on flower-pots, sir, if I may make so bold as to say so.
ref: 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, “Job Has a Presentiment”, in She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC, page 247:
text: Three chairs of the steamer type, all maimed, comprised the furniture of this roof-garden, with (by way of local color) on one of the copings a row of four red clay flower-pots filled with sun-baked dust from which gnarled and rusty stalks thrust themselves up like withered elfin limbs.
ref: 1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter I (Anarchy), pages 377–378:
text: As a multifaceted kitchen enabler, nothing can quite supplant the gorgeous, timeless, ever-available, often dirt-cheap terra-cotta flowerpot.
ref: 2002 April 19, Suzanne Hamlin, “FAVORITES; One Terra-Cotta Pot. Add Lateral Thinking”, in The New York Times:
text: The reason we have for so long been unaware that the universe evolves probabilistically is that for the relatively large, everyday objects we typically encounter -- baseballs, flowerpots, the Moon -- quantum mechanics shows that the probabilities become highly skewed, hugely favoring one outcome and effectively suppressing all others.
ref: 2005 April 8, Brian Greene, “One Hundred Years of Uncertainty”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A pot filled with soil in which plants are grown.
Derived terms: flowerpotful
flowerpot red
butchery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbʊt͡ʃəɹi/
Forms: form: butcheries
Etymology: From Middle English bocherie, from Old French. See butcher for more.
Senses: examples: text: The tyrannous and bloody act is done,—
The most arch deed of piteous massacre
That ever yet this land was guilty of.
Dighton and Forrest, who I did suborn
To do this piece of ruthless butchery
ref: c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
glosses: The cruel, ruthless killings of humans, as at a slaughterhouse.
examples: 1899 On the third Friday Jimmie was dropped at the door of the school from the doctor's buggy. The other children, notably those who had already passed over the mountain of distress, looked at him with glee, seeing in him another lamb brought to butchery. — Stephen Crane, Making an Orator.
1901 There was good grass on the selection all the year. I’d picked up a small lot—about twenty head—of half-starved steers for next to nothing, and turned them on the run; they came on wonderfully, and my brother-in-law (Mary’s sister’s husband), who was running a butchery at Gulgong, gave me a good price for them. — Henry Lawson, A Double Buggy at Lahey Creek.
glosses: An abattoir, a slaughterhouse.
examples: text: This butchery begins in the first Japanese month. For this purpose they put the animal's head between two long poles, which are squeezed together by fifty or sixty people, both men and women. When the bear is dead they eat his flesh, keep the liver as a medicine
ref: 1922, James Frazer, “Chapter 52”, in The Golden Bough:
glosses: The butchering of meat.
examples: text: I often wondered how Walcott the director could stand listening to some of his marvelous words and phrases being subjected to verbal butchery as sometimes occurred when a player did not understand what he was speaking or reading.
ref: 1993, Robert D. Hamner, Critical Perspectives on Derek Walcott, page 275:
glosses: A disastrous effort, an atrocious failure.
glosses: A meat market.
butchery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbʊt͡ʃəɹi/
Forms: form: butcheries
Etymology: From butch + -ery.
Senses: glosses: The stereotypical behaviors and accoutrements of a butch lesbian.
camlet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæm.lɪt/
rhymes: -æmlɪt
Forms: form: camlets
form: camlett
form: chamblet
form: chamblot
form: chamlet
form: chamlot
form: chamelot
form: chamlet
form: chamlett
form: camlot
form: camlott
Etymology: From Middle English chamelet, chamelot, chamlot via Old French chamelot, suffixed + -ot from Arabic خَمْلَة (ḵamla, “velvet”).
Senses: examples: text: She wore a sort of jacket of bright red camlet, richly braided with gold and silver lace; a fringe of which also hung from her gray petticoat, which was short enough to show her feet and ankles, whose small size was rendered more remarkable by the peculiar-shaped boot.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIX, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 216–217:
text: She was richly clad in a bodice of gold-coloured camlet and a skirt of gray silk trimmed with gold and silver lace.
ref: 1893, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “The Holding of the Door”, in The Refugees: A Tale of Two Continents, volume I, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., →OCLC, [part I (In the Old World)], page 56:
glosses: A fine fabric made from wool (originally camel, but later goat) and silk.
Derived terms: camleted
camlet
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæm.lɪt/
rhymes: -æmlɪt
Forms: form: more camlet
form: most camlet
form: camlett
form: chamblet
form: chamblot
form: chamlet
form: chamlot
form: chamelot
form: chamlet
form: chamlett
form: camlot
form: camlott
Etymology: From Middle English chamelet, chamelot, chamlot via Old French chamelot, suffixed + -ot from Arabic خَمْلَة (ḵamla, “velvet”).
Senses: examples: text: This morning came home my fine Camlett cloak, with gold buttons, and a silk suit, which cost me much money, and I pray God to make me able to pay for it.
ref: 1660 July 11 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Samuel Pepys, Mynors Bright, transcriber, “July 1st, 1660 (Lord’s Day)”, in Henry B[enjamin] Wheatley, editor, The Diary of Samuel Pepys […], volume I, London: George Bell & Sons […]; Cambridge: Deighton Bell & Co., published 1893, →OCLC, page 190:
text: With this announcement he hurried away to the outer door of the Blue Dragon, and almost immediately returned with a companion shorter than himself, who was wrapped in an old blue camlet cloak with a lining of faded scarlet.
ref: 1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, chapter IV, in The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC, page 36:
glosses: Made of camlet.
Z-car
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Z-cars
Senses: synonyms: Zed-car
glosses: Any of the several early models of a police car.
Zed-car
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Zed-cars
form: Z-car
Senses: glosses: Synonym of Z-car.
synonyms: word: Z-car
uranistic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: See uranism.
Senses: glosses: Homosexual.
Related terms: uranism
uranist
carbage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Possibly from garbage.
Senses: glosses: Shreds and patches of cloth cut off by a tailor when cutting out clothes.
carbage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Blend of carb + garbage, or carb + -age.
Senses: examples: text: The most important reason to avoid “carbage” like sugar, white flour, and highly processed foods is that they are foreign to our genetic makeup.
ref: 2006, James O'Keefe, Joan O'Keefe, The Forever Young Diet and Lifestyle, Andrews McMeel, →ISBN, page 87:
text: This is the same process that browns foods, such as bread crust. The more carbage we eat, the more glycation occurs.
ref: 2011, Tyler Graham, Drew Ramsey, The Happiness Diet: A Nutritional Prescription for a Sharp Brain, Balanced Mood, and Lean, Energized Body, Rodale, →ISBN, page 41:
text: A plain garden salad. That was all she ordered, making me feel like a heifer for having gotten the fried chicken quesadilla. But screw it. After the embarrassment I'd suffered, I needed major carbage.
ref: 2012, Mari Mancusi, Love At 11, →ISBN, page 59:
glosses: Food that is high in carbohydrates.
carbage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Blend of car + garbage.
Senses: glosses: garbage in a car
caparison
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: caparisons
Etymology: From Middle French caparasson (Modern French caparaçon), from Old Spanish caparazón, from Old Occitan capairon.
Senses: examples: text: And the green of the caparison of the horse, and of his rider, was as green as the leaves of the fir-tree, and the yellow was as yellow as the blossom of the broom.
ref: 1861, Charlotte Guest, transl., The Mabinogion/The Dream of Rhonabwy, translation of original in Middle Welsh:
text: That very year they received an order from Gustaf II Adolf of Sweden (1594-1632) for a large number of tapestries and four caparisons.
ref: 2001, Walter A. Liedtke, Vermeer and the Delft School, page 520:
glosses: The often ornamental coverings for an animal, especially a horse or an elephant.
examples: text: What boots it, that my Fortune decks me thus / With unſubſtantial Plumes; when my Heart groans / Beneath the gay Capariſon, and Love / With unrequited Paſſion wounds my Soul!
ref: 1749, [Tobias George Smollett], The Regicide: Or, James the First, of Scotland. A Tragedy. […], London: […] [F]or the benefit of the author, →OCLC, Act III, scene iv, page 37:
glosses: Gay or rich clothing.
caparison
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: caparisons
form: caparisoning
form: caparisoned
form: caparisoned
Etymology: From Middle French caparasson (Modern French caparaçon), from Old Spanish caparazón, from Old Occitan capairon.
Senses: examples: text: Come, bustle, bustle; caparison my horse
ref: 1593, Shakespeare, Richard III, Act 5, Scene 3:
glosses: To dress up a horse or elephant with ornamental coverings.
denivelation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: denivelations
Etymology: French dénivellation.
Senses: topics: caving
hobbies
lifestyle
glosses: the difference in level (depth) between two parts of a cave system, usually the highest and lowest known point. depth is the distance between the cave entrance and the lowest known point reached. denivelation is less than or equal to depth
topics: cycling
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
qualifier: hiking; trail running; hiking; trail running
glosses: the difference in level between the highest and lowest part of the track, regardless of starting or ending point
depositary receipt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: depositary receipts
Senses: topics: banking
business
finance
glosses: A financial instrument, issued by a bank, that may be traded as if it were a share in a foreign company.
diktat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɒt
ipa: /dɪkˈtɑːt/
ipa: /ˈdɪktɑːt/
ipa: /ˈdɪktæt/
ipa: /dɪkˈtɑt/
Forms: form: diktats
Etymology: Borrowed from German Diktat, from Latin dictātum (“that which has been dictated”), from the perfect passive participle of dictō (“dictate”). Doublet of dictate.
Senses: glosses: a harsh penalty or settlement imposed upon a defeated party by the victor
examples: text: Whatever the pressures that have invoked the Minister's diktat, the outcome is Gilbertian.
ref: 1964 May, “News and Comment: Minister hamstrings BR workshops”, in Modern Railways, page 291:
text: Today, regional diktat is now supplemented (though not wholly replaced) by other means of recruiting elites.
ref: 1982, Steven L. Sampson, The Planners and the Peasants:
text: It should be noted that Saddam's power was held up by fear and diktat.
ref: 2005, Vitaly Naumkin, Radical Islam in Central Asia: Between Pen and Rifle, page 179:
text: Trump—according not to the paranoid fears of his opponents, but his own professed desires—would have the government’s law enforcement institutions act as political weapons, aimed by his diktat.
ref: 2018, Julian Sanchez, “Brand Loyalty”, in Just Security:
text: He added that “the issues are still the same” and that Russian President Putin “still wishes to impose his diktat on Ukraine.”
ref: 2022 March 30, “It's 1 a.m. on Thursday in Kyiv. Here's what you need to know”, in CNN:
text: But amid all the disruption and norm-breaking, it’s Mr. Trump’s apparently keen interest in shaping American culture that may be most intriguing. To critics, it’s nothing less than a sign of his authoritarian bent – reminiscent of the Stalin-esque playbook that made government diktats over artistic expression a feature of the old Soviet Union.
ref: 2025 April 17, Linda Feldmann, “How Donald Trump is upending American culture”, in The Christian Science Monitor, archived from the original on 20 Apr 2025:
text: Traditional social codes can sometimes prove as strict as any government diktat. Late last year, Chinese e-commerce giant JD faced a boycott by customers infuriated by its casting of trailblazing woman comedian Yang Li in a promotional live stream.
ref: 2025 July 26, Chris Lau and Joyce Jiang, “Joking about her abusive husband launched this Chinese comedian to stardom. The authorities aren’t laughing”, in CNN:
synonyms: ukase
glosses: a dogmatic decree or command, especially issued by one who rules without popular consent
Related terms: dictate
disburden
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /dɪsˈbɜː(ɹ)dən/
Forms: form: disburdens
form: disburdening
form: disburdened
form: disburdened
form: disburthen
Etymology: From dis- + burden.
Senses: examples: text: to disburden a pack animal
text: The desert Pelican had built her nest / In that deep solitude. / And now returned from distant flight / Fraught with the river stream, / Her load of water had disburthened there. / Her young in the refreshing bath / Sported all wantonness; […]
ref: 1801, Robert Southey, “The Fifth Book”, in Thalaba the Destroyer, volume I, London: […] [F]or T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O[wen] Rees, […], by Biggs and Cottle, […], →OCLC, pages 258–259:
glosses: To rid of a burden; to free from a load carried; to unload.
examples: text: My meditations […] will, I hope, be more […] calm, being thus disburdened.
ref: 1650, Henry Hammond, Of the reasonableness of Christian religion:
text: He did it to disburden a conscience.
ref: 1677, Owen Feltham, Of Improving by Good Examples:
text: He told me he did not come as ordinary of the place, whose business it is to extort confessions from prisoners, for private ends, or for the further detecting of other offenders; that his business was to move me to such freedom of discourse as might serve to disburthen my own mind, and furnish him to administer comfort to me as far as was in his power; and assured me, that whatever I said to him should remain with him, and be as much a secret as if it was known only to God and myself; and that he desired to know nothing of me, but as above to qualify him to apply proper advice and assistance to me, and to pray to God for me.
ref: 1722 (indicated as 1721), [Daniel Defoe], The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders, &c. […], London: […] W[illiam Rufus] Chetwood, […]; and T. Edling, […], published 1722, →OCLC:
text: I heard my sister's sobs, and thought, happy are women who can weep, and in a passionate caress disburthen the oppression of their feelings; shame and habitual restraint hold back a man.
ref: 1826, [Mary Shelley], The Last Man. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:
text: I waited now his return; eager to disburthen my mind, and to seek of him the solution of the enigma that perplexed me.
ref: 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:
text: Romola's heart swelled again, so that she was forced to break off. But the need she felt to disburden her mind to Tito urged her to repress the rising anguish.
ref: 1862 July – 1863 August, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XVII, in Romola. […], volume I, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1863, →OCLC, book I, page 295:
glosses: To free from a source of mental trouble.
Synonyms: disemburden
Derived terms: disburdenment
undisburdened
Related terms: unburden
disported
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of disport
dog musher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dog mushers
Senses: glosses: a person who looks after sled dogs
sled dog
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sled dogs
form: sled-dog
form: sleddog
Senses: glosses: Any dog, such as a husky, that pulls a sled as part of a team.
downcoming
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From downcome.
Senses: glosses: Moving downwards.
downcoming
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From downcome.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of downcome
draggled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of draggle
draggled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more draggled
form: most draggled
Senses: examples: text: Then wet umbrellas began to appear, draggled skirts, and mud.
ref: 1857, Charles Dickens, chapter 3, in Little Dorrit, Book I:
text: They were indeed a queer-looking party that assembled on the bank—the birds with draggled feathers, the animals with their fur clinging close to them, and all dripping wet, cross, and uncomfortable.
ref: 1865, Lewis Carroll, chapter 3, in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland:
glosses: Soiled and wet as by dragging in the mud.
examples: text: 1765, Tobias Smollett, Travels Through France and Italy, Letter 34, Nice, 2 April, 1765,
It was near ten at night, when we entered the auberge in such a draggled and miserable condition, that Mrs. Vanini almost fainted at sight of us, on the supposition that we had met with some terrible disaster, and that the rest of the company were killed.
text: Under the portico, with its grey sun-bleached pillars, loitered a troop of draggled bareheaded girls, waiting for the auction to be over.
ref: 1891, Oscar Wilde, chapter VII, in The Picture of Dorian Gray, London; New York, N.Y.; Melbourne, Vic.: Ward Lock & Co., →OCLC, page 131:
text: Here, in front, the deserted street was white and black and silent, under the electric lamps. All the lonelier for two wretched gamins, counting their dirty sous, and draggled newspapers.
ref: 1894, [Robert William Chambers], chapter XVII, in In the Quarter, New York, N.Y.; Chicago, Ill.: F. Tennyson Neely, publisher, →OCLC, page 313:
text: Wet straw was in his draggled beard; he was so sore and stiff, so bruised and buffeted he could hardly stand or stumble through the shallow water to lie groaning on the shore.
ref: 1937, J. R. R. Tolkien, chapter 10, in The Hobbit, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, published 2012:
text: By the late nineteenth century British goshawks were extinct. I have a photograph of the stuffed remains of one of the last birds to be shot; a black-and-white snapshot of a bird from a Scottish estate, draggled, stuffed and glassy-eyed.
ref: 2015 January 6, Helen Macdonald, “Costa biography award 2014: H is for Hawk by Helen Macdonald”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Having a limp, miserable, dilapidated appearance; bedraggled.
Derived terms: draggledness
undraggled
draggle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹæɡəl/
Forms: form: draggles
form: draggling
form: draggled
form: draggled
Etymology: From drag + -le.
Senses: examples: text: […] with draggled nets down-hanging to the tide […]
ref: 1844, Richard Chenevix Trench, “The Herring Fishers of Lockfynk”, in The Story of Justin Martyr: Sabbation and Other Poems:
text: The rain drove into the bride and bridegroom's faces as they passed to the chariot. The postilions' favours draggled on their dripping jackets.
ref: 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Chapter 22”, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC:
text: [If] it be too long it draggles on the ground and gets under foot and is very troublesome.
ref: 1883, Adele Marion Fielde, “拖 (thoa)”, in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect, Arranged According to Syllables and Tones, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 593:
glosses: To make, or to become, wet and muddy by dragging along the ground.
Derived terms: bedraggle
bedraggled
draggle-tail
draggle-tailed
dry mouth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Abnormal dryness of the mouth
Synonyms: asialism
cottonmouth
xerostomia
xerostomia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: xerostomias
Etymology: From xero- + stoma + -ia.
Senses: examples: Craig Welzbacher (actor) (2013), 6:02 from the start, in "First Days" (Modern Family), season 5, episode 2: “Claire (Julie Bowen): Amazing! You guys are actually hanging out by the water cooler. / Office worker (Craig Welzbacher): I have xerostomia. It's chronic dry mouth.”
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Abnormal dryness of the mouth.
Synonyms: asialism
cottonmouth
dry mouth
foraminifera
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌfɒɹəmɪˈnɪfəɹə/
ipa: /ˌfɒɹəmɪˈnɪfɹə/
ipa: /fəˌɹæmɪˈnɪf(ə)ɹə/
ipa: /fəˌɹæməˈnɪf(ə)ɹə/
Etymology: Learned borrowing from New Latin Foraminifera (subphylum name), from French foraminifère (“foraminifer, foraminifera”), from French Foraminifères, coined by the French naturalist Alcide d’Orbigny (1802–1857) in an 1826 article. Foraminifère is derived from Latin forāmina (“apertures, holes”) + -fer (“-bearing”).
Senses: glosses: plural of foraminiferon
glosses: plural of foraminiferum
scrimple
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɪmpəl
Forms: form: scrimples
form: scrimpling
form: scrimpled
form: scrimpled
Senses: glosses: To save money.
glosses: To scorch.
glosses: To crumple or crinkle.
balanda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: balandas
form: balanda
form: ballanda
form: ballander
Etymology: From Dhuwal balanda, from Makasar Balanda, from Malay Belanda, from Portuguese Holanda.
Senses: examples: text: They knew the white people of Victoria, and called them Balanda, which is nothing more than ‘Hollanders’; a name used by the Malays, from whom they received it.
ref: 1845, Ludwig Leichhardt, Journal of an Overland Expedition in Australia:
text: The blacks rushed up to the house calling ‘Ballanda, Ballanda’—white man—and the Boss and Missus ran out.
ref: 1915, E. R. Masson, Untamed Territory:
text: On the natives’ side are […] fear of the Ballander-whiteman and the thought of losing their country.
ref: 1943, W. E. Harney, Taboo:
text: Then I understood that this ‘balanda’ means people with skins like the white clay.
ref: 1978, J. Mirritji, My People’s Life:
text: That’s the only road back for them […] to be rid of all your partonising, domineering balanda ways.
ref: 1987, G. Francis, God’s Best Country:
text: Balanda! If Aborigine e says something ... e want to stop im Balanda ... e might listen.
ref: 1989, B. Neidjie, Story About Feeling:
text: There are a lot of fans both balanda white and yolngu (east Arnhem Land Aborigines).
ref: 1993 January 28, Canberra Times,:
qualifier: Australian Aboriginal; Arnhem Land; Australian Aboriginal; Arnhem Land
glosses: A white person, a European.
Synonyms: gubbah
migaloo
whitefella
turn around
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: turn arounds
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of turnaround.
paperclip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: paperclips
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of paper clip.
paperclip
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: paperclips
form: paperclipping
form: paperclipped
form: paperclipped
Senses: glosses: To fasten with a paper clip.
dirty magazine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dirty magazines
Senses: glosses: A morally unclean, indecent or sexually provocative magazine; a pornographic periodical.
glosses: Any magazine with sex-related content and other features of interest for an adult audience; often targeting an adult male audience and containing nude or semi-nude photographs of women.
Synonyms: sense: adult magazine
word: fuck book
word: girlie
Related terms: Playboy
constricts
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of constrict
constricting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of constrict