cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
eyrie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪə.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈɛː.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈɪ.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈɛ.ɹi/
homophone: airy
homophone: eerie
homophone: Erie
rhymes: -ɪəɹi
rhymes: -ɛəɹi
rhymes: -aɪəɹi
Forms: form: eyries
form: aerie
form: aery
form: ayrie
form: eyry
Etymology: From Middle English eire, aire, from Old French aire or Medieval Latin aeria. Old French aire, in the sense of an eagle's nest, may have derived from Latin ager, or may less likely be related to the other senses, ultimately from Latin ārea.
Senses: examples: text: The methods employed to ascend to the nest of a bird of prey depend, in each instance, upon its site. If the nest is in a tree, a man can climb up and, having put the young ones in a basket, carry them home. If, however, the eyrie is built in the fissure of a lofty rock, a man is secured to the end of a rope and descends or is lowered from the rim of the mountain or cliff to the level of the hollow in which the eyrie is built and, entering, lifts the bird from the nest.
ref: 1943, Casey A. Wood, F. Marjorie Fyfe, “How to reach the eyrie”, in The Art of Falconry, volume 2, translation of original by Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, →ISBN, page 129:
glosses: The nest of a bird of prey.
glosses: Any high and remote but commanding place.
eyry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: eyries
Senses: examples: text: In the bird's-nests of the forest, / In the lodges of the beaver, / In the hoof-prints of the bison, / In the eyry of the eagle!
ref: 1855 November 10, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “Introduction”, in The Song of Hiawatha, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 4:
glosses: Alternative spelling of eyrie.
aerie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: aeries
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of eyrie.
glosses: A local chapter of the Fraternal Order of Eagles.
Derived terms: aeried
aery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: aeries
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of eyrie.
aery
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: aerier
form: aeriest
Etymology: From Middle English aery, from Latin āerius.
Senses: examples: text: […] The Bird of Jove, ſtoopt from his aerie tour, / Two Birds of gayeſt plume before him drove: […]
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC, signature Pp, verso, lines 185–186:
glosses: Aerial; ethereal; incorporeal; visionary.
grasshopper
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɹɑːsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ɡɹæsˌhɒpə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈɡɹæsˌhɑpəɹ/
Forms: form: grasshoppers
form: grasshoppering
form: grasshoppered
form: grasshoppered
Etymology: From Middle English grashoppere, alteration of earlier grashoppe, from Old English græshoppa (“grasshopper”). Equivalent to grass + hopper. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Gäärshupper, Dutch grashupper, grashipper, German Low German Grashüpper, Gresshüpper, German Grashüpfer, Danish græshoppe, Swedish gräshoppa, Norwegian gresshoppe.
Senses: glosses: Of a crop, to be ruined or destroyed by grasshoppers.
glosses: To move a riverboat over an obstruction, such as a sandbar.
glosses: Of an animal, to hunt and eat grasshoppers.
hop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hɒp/
rhymes: -ɒp
ipa: /hɑp/
ipa: /hɔp/
Forms: form: hops
Etymology: From Middle English hoppen, from Old English hoppian (“to hop, spring, leap, dance”), from Proto-West Germanic *huppōn, from Proto-Germanic *huppōną (“to hop”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, bow”).
Cognate with Dutch hoppen (“to hop”), German hopfen, hoppen (“to hop”), Danish hoppe (“to hop, leap, jump”), Swedish hoppa (“to hop, leap, jump”), Icelandic hoppa (“to hop, skip”).
Senses: examples: text: The frog crossed the brook in three or four hops.
glosses: A short jump.
glosses: A jump on one leg.
examples: text: My fellow passengers are a mixture of people returning from a day out in the capital, locals doing short hops, and a few (like me) heading farther afield.
ref: 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 68:
glosses: A short journey, especially in the case of air travel, one that takes place on a private plane.
examples: text: For popular radio stars in New York and Los Angeles, it was a short hop to network television.
glosses: A brief period of development or progress.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A bounce, especially from the ground, of a thrown or batted ball.
examples: 1896, Benjamin Brierley, James Dronsfield, "Ab-o'th'-Yate" Sketches and Other Short Stories
One singing-room we had closed, and so damaged a "twopenny hop" that it could not have survived another season had our own prosperity continued unchecked.
glosses: A dance; a gathering for the purpose of dancing.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
networking
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The sending of a data packet from one host to an adjacent host as part of its overall journey.
Derived terms: sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: bad hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: bunny hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: car hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: caught on the hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: hip-hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: hippety-hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: hop and bop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: hop merchant
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: hoptree
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: in-between hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: Lindy Hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: long hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: multihop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: off the hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: on the hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: pro hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: record hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: side-straddle hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: sock hop
sense: terms derived from hop (noun)
word: spyhop
hop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hɒp/
rhymes: -ɒp
ipa: /hɑp/
ipa: /hɔp/
Forms: form: hops
Etymology: From Middle English hoppe, from Middle Dutch hoppe, from Old Dutch *hoppo, from Proto-Germanic *huppô, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keup (“tuft, hair of the head”), referring to the plant's appearance. Cognate with German Hopfen and French houblon.
Senses: glosses: A plant of species Humulus lupulus, native to northern Europe, female flowers of which are used to flavour many types of beer during brewing.
glosses: The flowers of the hop plant, dried and used to brew beer etc.
examples: text: ‘You've been shot full of hop and kept under it until you're as crazy as two waltzing mice.’
ref: 1940, Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, Penguin, published 2010, page 177:
synonyms: word: aunti/aunti Emma
word: big O
word: chandu
word: Chinese tobacco
word: dopium
word: dream gun
word: dream stick
word: fi-do-nie
word: gee
word: God's medicine
word: gondola
word: goric
word: guma
word: hop/hops
word: meconium
word: midnight oil
word: mud
word: ope
word: pen yan
word: pin gon
word: pox
word: skee
word: toxy
word: when-shee
word: yen
word: ze
word: zero
glosses: Opium, or some other narcotic drug.
glosses: The fruit of the dog rose; a hip.
Derived terms: common hop
dry hop
dry-hopped
hopback
hopbine
hopbush
hop dog
hop field
hop flea
hop fly
hop-forward
hop garden
hophead
hophornbeam
hop joint
hopless
hop picker
hop pocket
Hop Pole
hop pole
hoppy
hopsack
hopsacking
hopvine
hopyard
Japanese hop
mad as hops
noble hops
hop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /hɒp/
rhymes: -ɒp
ipa: /hɑp/
ipa: /hɔp/
Forms: form: hops
form: hopping
form: hopped
form: hopped
Etymology: From Middle English hoppe, from Middle Dutch hoppe, from Old Dutch *hoppo, from Proto-Germanic *huppô, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)keup (“tuft, hair of the head”), referring to the plant's appearance. Cognate with German Hopfen and French houblon.
Senses: examples: text: If you brew in March or October, and have hopped it for long keeping[…]
ref: 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:
glosses: To impregnate with hops, especially to add hops as a flavouring agent during the production of beer
glosses: To gather hops.
hop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /hɒp/
rhymes: -ɒp
ipa: /hɑp/
ipa: /hɔp/
Forms: form: hops
Senses: glosses: Synonym of half-op.
synonyms: word: half-op
ethnic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛθ.nɪk/
rhymes: -ɛθnɪk
Forms: form: more ethnic
form: most ethnic
form: ethnick
Etymology: From Middle English ethnik, from Latin ethnicus ("pagan", "heathen"), from Ancient Greek ἐθνικός (ethnikós, “of or for a nation, heathen”), from ἔθνος (éthnos, “a company", later "a people or nation, heathens”).
Senses: examples: text: Studies also show that absentee ballots cast by voters who are younger or from racial and ethnic minority groups are rejected at higher rates than other absentee ballots.
ref: 2020 September 14, Richard H. Pildes, “The three words that can avert an election nightmare”, in CNN:
glosses: Of or relating to a group of people having common racial, ancestral, national, religious or cultural origins.
examples: text: I like to eat ethnic food
glosses: Characteristic of a foreign or a minority group's culture.
examples: text: Indeed, such ethnic music festivals were probably common throughout the country
ref: 2008, Ronald D. Cohen, A History of Folk Music Festivals in the United States:
text: contemporary artists are victims of the dichotomization of fine art and folk or ethnic art, where the latter must evince standardized techniques of simplicity, naivete, naturalism, and exoticism.
ref: 1990, European Review of Native American Studies Volumess 4-6:
text: popular music is usually positioned between classical music on the one hand and folk or ethnic music on the other.
ref: 2012, Michael Campbell., Popular Music in America: The Beat Goes On:
text: Once you dig below the surface you discover folk, grassroots, and ethnic music throughout the United States
ref: 2012, Kip Lornell., Exploring American Folk Music: Ethnic, Grassroots, and Regional Traditions:
glosses: Representative of a folk or traditional mode of expression.
glosses: Heathen, not Jewish, Christian, or Muslim.
Synonyms: sense: culturally foreign
word: exotic
sense: heathen
word: pagan
sense: heathen
word: gentile
Derived terms: antiethnic
biethnic
coethnic
ethnic cleanser
ethnic cleansing
ethnic gloss
ethnic group
ethnicism
ethnicist
ethnicistic
ethnicization
ethnicize
ethnicky
ethnic minority
ethnic music
ethnic purge
ethnic studies
geoethnic
homoethnic
interethnic
intraethnic
meta-ethnic
metroethnic
monoethnic
multiethnic
nonethnic
pluriethnic
polyethnic
postethnic
proethnic
socioethnic
subethnic
supra-ethnic
transethnic
Related terms: ethnical
ethnically
ethnicity
ethnocentric
ethnocultural
ethnography
ethnologeny
ethnology
ethnic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛθ.nɪk/
rhymes: -ɛθnɪk
Forms: form: ethnics
form: ethnick
Etymology: From Middle English ethnik, from Latin ethnicus ("pagan", "heathen"), from Ancient Greek ἐθνικός (ethnikós, “of or for a nation, heathen”), from ἔθνος (éthnos, “a company", later "a people or nation, heathens”).
Senses: glosses: An ethnic person, especially a foreigner or member of an immigrant community.
examples: text: ..for the learned know that even in St. Jerome's time, the consul of Rome and his wife were both Ethnics, and about the same time the greatest part of the senate also...
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Preface ::
text: ...And the people of God, redeemed and washed with Christ's blood, and dignified with so many glorious titles of saints and sons in the Gospel, are now no better reputed than impure ethnics and lay dogs...
ref: 1641, John Milton, Of Reformation in England:
glosses: A heathen, a pagan.
examples: text: Coinage with the ethnic ΑΝΤΙΟΧΕΩΝ ΠΡΟΣ ΕΥΦΡΑΤΗΝ survives from the mid-second century A.D.
ref: 2006. Cohen. The Hellenistic Settlements in Syria, the Red Sea Basin & North Africa, 151
glosses: The demonym of an Ancient Greek city.
raw_tags: in classical scholarship
tom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒm/
ipa: /tɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: toms
Etymology: From generic use of the proper name Tom.
Senses: glosses: The male of the domesticated cat, especially if not neutered.
glosses: The male of the turkey.
glosses: The male of the orangutan.
glosses: The male of certain other animals.
glosses: A female prostitute.
glosses: A lesbian.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Clipping of tom-tom.
glosses: The jack of trumps in the card game gleek.
glosses: A close-stool.
Synonyms: sense: male cat
word: tomcat
sense: male cat
word: he-cat
sense: male turkey
word: turkeycock
sense: male of other animals
word: male
sense: male of other animals
word: buck
sense: male of other animals
word: stag
Coordinate terms: gib
queen
Derived terms: tomboy
tomcat
tomfool
tom-kitten
tomling
tomtit
tom-tit
tom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒm/
ipa: /tɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: toms
Etymology: Shortened from tomato
Senses: examples: text: Toms 90p a pound
text: “I'd like sausage, eggs, bacon, toms, mushies, beans – oh, and some fried bread,” said Mike.
ref: 2009, Mark Penny, Jonathan Penny, The Golden Pig, page 160:
qualifier: greengrocers' slang
glosses: A tomato (the fruit).
tom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒm/
ipa: /tɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Etymology: Rhyming slang from tomfoolery.
Senses: glosses: jewellery
tom
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒm/
ipa: /tɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: toms
form: tomming
form: tommed
form: tommed
Etymology: From Uncle Tom.
Senses: glosses: To act in an obsequiously servile manner toward white authority.
raw_tags: of a black person
tom
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɒm/
ipa: /tɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: toms
form: tomming
form: tommed
form: tommed
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: To dig out a hole below the hatch cover of a bulker and fill it with cargo or weights to aid stability.
Related terms: sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: chao tom
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: peeping tom
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: plum tom
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom boy
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom cat
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom-cat
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom kha
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom kha gai
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom kha kai
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom tit
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom-tom drum
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom-tom drummer
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom-tommer
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom yam
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: tom yum
sense: terms containing the word "tom". Some should probably be listed in the right place above
word: whip-tom-kelly
tubular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: tyo͞obyo͝olər
enpr: tyo͞obyələr
ipa: /ˈtjuːbjʊlə/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃuː-/
ipa: /-bjə-/
ipa: /ˈt(j)ubjələɹ/
ipa: /-bju-/
ipa: /ˈtjʉːbjʊlə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtjʉːbjələ(ɹ)/
Forms: form: more tubular
form: most tubular
Etymology: From Latin tubulus + -ar. By surface analysis, tubule + -ar. The sense meaning "cool" or "awesome" is believed to be a figurative extension originating in surfing lingo, from the way that an excellent wave encloses a surfer within tubular walls of water.
Senses: examples: text: tubular bell
text: As we descended the long wooden stairway that leads from the central tower to the Island of Inchgarvie, the straight and simple outlines of the internal viaduct stood out in sharp contrast to the long sweep of the massive tubular arms of the cantilevers, and the complicated network of the lattice cross girders.
ref: 1950 March, H. A. Vallance, “On Foot Across the Forth Bridge”, in Railway Magazine, page 150:
glosses: Shaped like a tube.
glosses: Relating to, or composed of, tubes or tubules.
examples: text: It was such a tubular party, Journal! But a few minutes later, I walked up to the Hermosa Beach Pier and left the girls with my things, thinking the totally bitchin' party would continue. But when I got back, they were all gone.
ref: 2007, Brian Laesch, The Verge of Psychosis: An Aspiring Actor's Journal:
glosses: Cool, awesome.
Synonyms: cannular
tubiform
tuboid
tuboidal
Derived terms: acinotubular
aquatubular
craniotubular
extratubular
glomerulotubular
hemitubular
intertubular
intratubular
microtubular
multitubular
myotubular
nanotubular
neurotubular
nontubular
papillotubular
paratubular
peritubular
pretubular
pseudotubular
quasitubular
renotubular
reticulotubular
sarcotubular
semitubular
sinotubular
subtubular
transtubular
tubular bells
tubularize
tubular sponge hydroid
unitubular
vesiculotubular
YouTubular
Related terms: tubularity
tubularly
cylindrical
tubular assault
tubular boiler
tubular breathing
tubular bridge
tubular girder
tube
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
enpr: chōōb
ipa: /tʃuːb/
note: yod-coalescence
note: without the yod-coalescence
enpr: tyōōb
ipa: /tjuːb/
note: without the yod-coalescence
note: yod-dropping
enpr: tōōb
ipa: /tuːb/
note: yod-dropping
rhymes: -uːb
Forms: form: tubes
form: tubing
form: tubed
form: tubed
Etymology: From Middle French tube, from Latin tubus (“tube, pipe”), related to tuba (“long trumpet; war-trumpet”), of obscure ultimate origin, but possibly connected to tībia (“shinbone, reed-pipe”); see there. Doublet of tubus.
Senses: examples: text: She tubes lipstick in the cosmetics factory.
glosses: To supply with, or enclose in, a tube.
examples: text: They tubed down the Colorado River.
glosses: To ride an inner tube.
examples: text: The patient was tubed.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: To intubate.
birthday boy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: birthday boys
Senses: examples: text: The party was to be from two to five o'clock, and Sunny Boy, in his best white flannel suit, and carrying Oliver's present under his arm, started about quarter of two for the birthday boy’s house.
ref: 1922, Ramy Allison White, Sunny Boy and His Playmates, The Echo Library, published 2006, page 49:
text: The birthday boy was a 65-year-old man who was half-asleep.
ref: 2005, Stephen Kogon, Max Mooth—Cyber Sleuth and the Case of the Zombie Virus, page 90:
text: When they came out of the restaurant, Quinn noticed the birthday boy appeared tipsy but he was twenty-one now, and everyone was having a good time.
ref: 2006, Aileen M. Buckley, From the Driver's Seat, page 108:
hypernyms: jubilarian
coordinate_terms: birthday girl
glosses: A man or boy whose birthday it is.
birthday girl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: birthday girls
Senses: examples: text: The climax of the celebration for the birthday girl is her first dance. A symbolic enactment of her departure from childhood takes place: […] Afterward, the birthday girl dances with all of the young chamberlanes, marking her entry into womanhood.
ref: 2002, Lee Stacy, “Quinciñera”, in Mexico and the United States, volume 3, page 685:
text: When you're photographing the birthday girl, you use a large aperture that has an f/stop of f/3.5, which gives you a very shallow depth of field and draws the viewer's attention to the honored guest.
ref: 2011, Doug Sahlin, Digital SLR Settings & Shortcuts For Dummies, unnumbered page:
text: A teenage girl's 16th birthday is supposed to include a big party, the perfect boyfriend and a shiny new car, all wrapped up with a bright red bow. But what happens when your family forget your big day because they are consumed with planning your older sister's wedding? Ask high school sophomore Samantha Baker (Molly Ringwald), the birthday girl in John Hughes's 1984 romantic teen comedy Sixteen Candles.
ref: 2011, Philip C. Dimare, editor, Movies in American History: An Encyclopedia, page 450:
hypernyms: jubilarian
coordinate_terms: birthday boy
glosses: A woman or girl whose birthday it is.
birthday card
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: birthday cards
Senses: examples: text: Over one million birthday cards were dropped over major cities on Taiwan by Chinese Air Force planes.
ref: 1973 November 4, “Birthday salute to Pres. Chiang”, in 自由中國週報 [Free China Weekly], volume XIV, number 43, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, column 4:
english: Free China Weekly
translation: Free China Weekly
glosses: A greeting card given to someone to celebrate their birthday.
Related terms: birthday boy
birthday cake
birthday girl
birthday party
happy birthday
🎂
birthday cake
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: birthday cakes
Senses: examples: text: “I almost ran away.” / “But you didn’t,” Hallie said seriously. / “We stayed for birthday cake.” Portia sat cross-legged on the bed. “Alfonso’s niece was afraid of the candles and Alfonso helped her blow them out.[…]”
ref: 2013, Anita Hughes, chapter 20, in Lake Como, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Griffin, →ISBN, page 221:
text: We sit around chatting, with plates of birthday cake on our laps that none of us have got the stomach for.
ref: 2015, Claire Douglas, chapter 20, in The Sisters, London: Harper, →ISBN, page 209:
hypernyms: cake#Noun
<
dessert#Noun
<
food#Noun
glosses: A cake, often iced and decorated, made to celebrate a person's birthday.
examples: text: Pat crushed up a package of birthday cake Oreos and sprinkled them over birthday cake ice cream.
glosses: In particular, a buttery, frosted vanilla cake of the sort commonly made to celebrate birthdays in the US, used in compound words to attribute a buttery or creamy, sugary, vanilla cake flavour or aroma to other things.
Related terms: birthday boy
birthday card
birthday girl
birthday party
happy birthday
🎂
double Dutch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dʌb.əl ˈdʌtʃ/
Etymology: From double (“twice, i.e. more than”) + Dutch.
For sense 1: Dutch (which historically had a wider meaning) as a foreign language was not easily understood, so anything completely incomprehensible would be double Dutch, i.e. twice as hard as Dutch. Sense 2 expands on this meaning.
Senses: examples: text: “Tell him I don’t know what he’s talking about. It’s double Dutch to me.”
ref: 1920, Agatha Christie, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, London: Pan Books, published 1954, page 121:
glosses: Incomprehensible language or speech.
glosses: A language game akin to pig Latin.
glosses: A game of jump rope with two ropes and frequently two jumpers.
glosses: Sex using a condom and the contraceptive pill at the same time.
Synonyms: all Greek to me
gibberish
gobbledygook
nonsense
gander
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡæn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈɡæn.dɚ/
rhymes: -ændə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ganders
Etymology: From Middle English gandre, from Old English gandra, ganra (“gander”), from Proto-West Germanic *ganʀō, from Proto-Germanic *ganzô (“gander”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”). The meaning "a look" is derived from the image of craning one's neck like a goose.
Cognates
Cognate with Dutch gander (“gander”), Low German Gander, Ganner (“gander”), dialectal German Gandert (“gander”), German Ganter (“gander”), Norwegian gasse (“gander”), Icelandic gassi (“gander”). Compare also Lithuanian gañdras (“stork”). Related to goose, gannet.
Senses: examples: text: Ganders and geese are at their best for stock from two to ten years old. They live to a great age—it is stated to thirty or more years—but after ten years they cannot be reckoned upon as reliable assets on a farm. Two years old is the best age to mate them, making up pens of a gander and two or three geese at the New Year. It is difficult sometimes to distinguish ganders from geese. A practical man is, however, rarely mistaken.
ref: 1902, Lewis Wright, “Geese and Swans”, in The New Book of Poultry […], London; […]: Cassell and Company, Limited, page 560, column 1:
text: Old Mother Goose / When she wanted to wander / Would ride through the air / On a very fine gander.
ref: 1916, Blanche Fisher Wright, The Original Mother Goose:
text: Marta's gander was a magnificent snow-white bird: the object of terror to foxes, children and dogs. She had reared him as a gosling; and whenever he approached, he would let fly a low contented burble and sidle his neck around her thighs.
ref: 1988, Bruce Chatwin, Utz, London: Jonathan Cape, →ISBN; republished London: Vintage Books, 2005, →ISBN, page 50:
glosses: A male goose.
glosses: A fool, simpleton.
examples: text: Have a gander at what he’s written.
text: I took a gander and she seemed so familiar.
text: As well as the church and its sexton, the market house is worth a gander, while the hop fields and orchards are "reminding one of Kent", for we are in another "Garden of England".
ref: 2022 August 24, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: the Cotswold Line: Ledbury”, in RAIL, number 964, page 61:
glosses: A glance, look.
glosses: A man living apart from his wife.
Synonyms: sense: look
word: butcher's
sense: look
english: look; Cockney rhyming slang for
translation: look; Cockney rhyming slang for
word: butcher's hook
Derived terms: bargander
ganderism
gander month
gander party
goosander
Michigander
take a gander
what's good for the goose is good for the gander
what's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander
gander
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡæn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈɡæn.dɚ/
rhymes: -ændə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ganders
form: gandering
form: gandered
form: gandered
Etymology: From Middle English gandre, from Old English gandra, ganra (“gander”), from Proto-West Germanic *ganʀō, from Proto-Germanic *ganzô (“gander”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂éns (“goose”). The meaning "a look" is derived from the image of craning one's neck like a goose.
Cognates
Cognate with Dutch gander (“gander”), Low German Gander, Ganner (“gander”), dialectal German Gandert (“gander”), German Ganter (“gander”), Norwegian gasse (“gander”), Icelandic gassi (“gander”). Compare also Lithuanian gañdras (“stork”). Related to goose, gannet.
Senses: glosses: to ramble, wander
wether
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɛðɚ/
ipa: /ˈwɛðə/
rhymes: -ɛðə(ɹ)
homophone: weather
homophone: whether (wine–whine merger)
Forms: form: wethers
form: wedder
Etymology: From Middle English wether, wethir, wedyr, from Old English weþer (“a wether, ram”), from Proto-West Germanic *weþru, from Proto-Germanic *weþruz (“wether”), from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (“year”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots weddir, woddir, wadder (“wether”), Dutch weder, weer (“wether”), German Widder (“wether, ram”), Norwegian Bokmål vær (“ram”), Norwegian Nynorsk vêr (“ram”), Swedish vädur (“wether, ram”), Icelandic veður (“wether, ram”), Latin vitulus (“calf”).
Senses: glosses: A castrated goat.
examples: text: I am a tainted Weather of the flocke, / Meeteſt for death, the weakeſt kinde of fruite
ref: c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 179, column 1:
glosses: A castrated ram.
Derived terms: bellwether
wether
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɛðɚ/
ipa: /ˈwɛðə/
rhymes: -ɛðə(ɹ)
homophone: weather
homophone: whether (wine–whine merger)
Forms: form: wethers
form: wethering
form: wethered
form: wethered
form: wedder
Etymology: From Middle English wether, wethir, wedyr, from Old English weþer (“a wether, ram”), from Proto-West Germanic *weþru, from Proto-Germanic *weþruz (“wether”), from Proto-Indo-European *wet- (“year”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots weddir, woddir, wadder (“wether”), Dutch weder, weer (“wether”), German Widder (“wether, ram”), Norwegian Bokmål vær (“ram”), Norwegian Nynorsk vêr (“ram”), Swedish vädur (“wether, ram”), Icelandic veður (“wether, ram”), Latin vitulus (“calf”).
Senses: glosses: To castrate a male sheep or goat.
wether
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɛðɚ/
ipa: /ˈwɛðə/
rhymes: -ɛðə(ɹ)
homophone: weather
homophone: whether (wine–whine merger)
Senses: examples: text: There was a great fyer in the chamber, the wether was colde, and I saw now and then a Bishop come out;
ref: 1527, George Joye, The storie of my state after the bishop had receyued the pryours letters:
glosses: Archaic spelling of weather.
tup
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌp/
rhymes: -ʌp
Forms: form: tups
Etymology: From Middle English tupe (compare Scots tuip), origin unknown.
Senses: examples: text: ... to tie up rams, which could not be supposed to much used to handling ... having often heard for a proverb, as mad as a tup in an halter
ref: 1790, Annals of Agriculture:
glosses: A male sheep, a ram.
examples: text: Those familiar with drop forging are accustomed to sizing drop hammers as 1 ton or 5 ton or whatever. This measure of the size is simply the weight of the tup. The total weight of the helve of No 2 is about 6.4 tons.
ref: 1991, Dr J. McQuaid, “The 'Size' of the No.2 Hammer”, in The Cutting Edge:
text: http://www.key-to-steel.com/Articles/Art168.htm
This is the modern equivalent of smith forging where the limited force of the blacksmith has been replaced by the mechanical or steam hammer. The process can be carried out by open forging where the hammer is replaced by a tup and the metal is manipulated manually on an anvil.
text: https://web.archive.org/web/20060713221918/http://www.steelcorp.com/term.htm
Rockwell hardness test: A method of measuring hardness. The hardness is expressed as a number related to the depth of the residual penetration. A test for determining the hardness of a material based on the depth of penetration of a specified penetrator in to the specimen under certain arbitrarily fixed condition of test. A hardness test where the loss in kinetic energy of a falling diamond tipped metal ‘tup’, absorbed by indentation upon impact of the tup on the metal being tested is indicated by the height of rebound.
glosses: The head of a hammer, and particularly of a steam-driven hammer.
Synonyms: sense: male sheep
word: ram
tup
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌp/
rhymes: -ʌp
Etymology: Clipping of tuppence (“two pence”).
Senses: glosses: Two pence.
tender
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.dɚ/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.də/
rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
homophone: tinder (pin–pen merger)
Forms: form: tenders
Etymology: From Middle English tender, tendere, from Anglo-Norman tender, Old French tendre, from Latin tener, tenerum (“soft, delicate”).
Senses: examples: text: Stay, and breath awhile.
 Thou haſt redeem'd thy loſt opinion
 And ſhew'd thou makeſt ſome tender of my life
 In this faire reſcue thou haſt brought to mee.
ref: c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv], page 72, column 1:
glosses: Care, kind concern, regard.
glosses: The inner flight muscle (pectoralis minor) of poultry.
tender
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.dɚ/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.də/
rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
homophone: tinder (pin–pen merger)
Forms: form: more tender
form: most tender
Etymology: From Middle English tender, tendur, tendir, tendre, from the adjective (see above).
Senses: examples: text: Love me tender, love me sweet
Never let me go
ref: 1956, Ken Darby, “Love Me Tender”, performed by Elvis Presley:
glosses: tenderly
tender
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.dɚ/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.də/
rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
homophone: tinder (pin–pen merger)
Forms: form: tenders
form: tendering
form: tendered
form: tendered
Etymology: From Middle English tendren, from the adjective (see above).
Senses: examples: text: To such as are wealthy, live plenteously, at ease, […] these viands are to be forborne, if they be inclined to, or suspect melancholy, as they tender their healths […].
ref: , vol.I, New York, 2001, p.233
text: Putnam Fadeless Dyes will not injure any material. Boiling water does tender some materials. […] Also, silk fibers are very tender when wet and care should be take not to boil them too vigorously.
ref: c. 1947, Putnam Fadeless Dyes [flyer packaged with granulated dye]
glosses: To make tender or delicate; to weaken.
examples: text: The angrie king hath banished me the court:
And therefore as thou louest and tendrest me,
Be thou my aduocate vnto these peeres.
ref: 1594, Christopher Marlow[e], The Troublesome Raigne and Lamentable Death of Edward the Second, King of England: […], London: […] [Eliot’s Court Press] for Henry Bell, […], published 1622, →OCLC, (please specify the page):
text: Firſt, heauen be the record to my ſpeech,
In the deuotion of a ſubiects loue,
Tendering the precious ſafetie of my Prince,
And free from other misbegotten hate,
Come I appealant to rhis [sic] Princely preſence.
ref: 1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene 1], page 23, column 1:
text: And ſo good Capulet, which name I tender
As dearely as my owne, be ſatisfied.
ref: c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
glosses: To feel tenderly towards; to regard fondly or with consideration.
tender
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.dɚ/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.də/
rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
homophone: tinder (pin–pen merger)
Forms: form: tenders
form: tendering
form: tendered
form: tendered
Etymology: From tend + -er. Compare attender (“one who attends”).
Senses: examples: text: Meantime, I'll dig up what I can, but if they start fishing again, I start tendering.
ref: 1998, Dana Stabenow, Killing Grounds, →ISBN, page 103:
glosses: To work on a tender.
tender
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.dɚ/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.də/
rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
homophone: tinder (pin–pen merger)
Forms: form: tenders
Etymology: From Middle English tendren, from Old French tendre (“stretch out”).
Senses: examples: text: You offer me the sword of my father, the very man whose bones, because of your perfidy, lie under the sod of Crecy. Aye, I'll surely take it, and just as surely you shall die with your tender through your heart!
text: Polonius: Affection? Pooh! You speak like a green girl
 Unsifted in such perilous circumstance.
 Do you believe his tenders, as you call them? // Ophelia: I do not know, my lord, what I should think. // Polonius: Marry, I'll teach you. Think yourself a baby
 That you have ta'en these tenders for true pay
 Which are not sterling. Tender yourself more dearly,
 Or — not to crack the wind of the poor phrase
 Running it thus — you'll tender me a fool.
ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:
glosses: Anything which is offered, proffered, put forth or bid with the expectation of a response, answer, or reply.
examples: text: Your credit card has been declined so you need to provide some other tender such as cash.
text: legal tender
glosses: A means of payment such as a check or cheque, cash or credit card.
examples: text: We will submit our tender to you within the week.
topics: law
glosses: A formal offer to buy or sell something.
examples: text: [...] if she should make tender of her love, 'tis very possible he'll scorn it; for the man,—as you know all,—hath a contemptible spirit.
ref: 1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii]:
glosses: Any offer or proposal made for acceptance.
Derived terms: e-tender
split tender
tender offer
Related terms: legal tender
put out to tender
put out for tender
tender
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛn.də(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.dɚ/
ipa: /ˈtɛn.də/
rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
homophone: tinder (pin–pen merger)
Forms: form: tenders
form: tendering
form: tendered
form: tendered
Etymology: From Middle English tendren, from Old French tendre (“stretch out”).
Senses: examples: text: to tender one’s resignation
text: You see how all conditions, how all minds, […] tender down
 Their services to Lord Timon.
ref: c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
text: 1864 November 21, Abraham Lincoln (signed) or John Hay, letter to Mrs. Bixby in Boston
I cannot refrain from tendering to you the consolation that may be found in the thanks of the Republic they died to save.
text: Hank Mann Tenders You Holiday Greetings
ref: 1920 December 25, Motion Picture News, volume XXIII, number 1, page 225:
glosses: To offer, to give.
glosses: To offer a payment, as at sales or auctions; to bid.
Synonyms: offer
Derived terms: tenderable
tender something out
sexist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛksɪst/
Forms: form: more sexist
form: most sexist
Etymology: From sex + -ist, after sexism.
Senses: examples: text: What was all that about?
Well, like all women, she's shoe-mad.
't's a bit sexist, isn't it?
Do you know one woman who isn't obsessed with shoes?
No, but I only know one woman. And she just left the room shouting "THE SHOES!"
ref: 2006 February 3, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, season 1, episode 2:
text: Yes, sometimes my lyrics are sexist / But you lovely bitches and hoes / Should know I'm trying to correct this
ref: 2008, “Hiphopopotamus vs. Rhymenoceros”, performed by Flight of the Conchords:
text: A defender of communitarianism might argue that just because extant communitarian theories are sexist, it does not follow that communitarianism is inherently sexist.
ref: 2013, Susan J. Hekman, Moral Voices, Moral Selves: Carol Gilligan and Feminist Moral Theory:
text: I believe this is the first fairy tale retelling I’ve seen that incorporates the classic version of the text as official propaganda of a fascistically sexist (and homophobic) police state, so that’s an interesting premise to start from.
ref: 2021 October 27, Joe Kessler, “Book Review: Cinderella Is Dead by Kalynn Bayron”, in The Lesser Joke:
glosses: Unfairly discriminatory against one sex in favour of the other.
Derived terms: arch-sexist
cryptosexist
hypersexist
postsexist
prosexist
quasisexist
reverse sexist
semi-sexist
supersexist
ultrasexist
sexist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛksɪst/
Forms: form: sexists
Etymology: From sex + -ist, after sexism.
Senses: examples: text: When you argue […] that since fewer women write good poetry this justifies their total exclusion, you are taking a position analogous to that of the racist—I might call you in this case a "sexist"—who says that since so few Negroes have held positions of importance relative to the majority race, their exclusion from history books is a matter of good judgement rather than discrimination. Both the racist and the sexist are acting as if all that has happened had never happened, and both of them are making decisions and coming to conclusions about someone's value by referring to factors which are in both cases irrelevant.
ref: 1965 November 18, Pauline M. Leet, Women and the Undergraduate, Franklin and Marshall College, page 3:
text: I don't blame racists, sexists, lookists, or any other “ists” for what they personify and perpetuate. They are mere hostages of their egos.
ref: 2007, Fran Harris, Will the REAL You Please Stand Up?:
text: Narrators demonstrated resistance coping techniques through direct confrontation with aggressors, such as racists, sexists, homophobes, elitists, and misogynoirists.
ref: 2022 December 6, LeAnna T. Luney, “Like our foremothers survived: Self-education, direct confrontation, and humor as resistance coping in Black womxn and femme college student being”, in Frontiers in Education, volume 7, →DOI, page 10:
glosses: A person who discriminates on grounds of sex; someone who practises sexism.
Related terms: sex
sexism
ableist
bigot
bigotry
chauvinism
chauvinist
discrimination
heterosexist
homophobe
homophobic
-ist
misandric
misandry
misogynist
racist
telephone
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɛl.ɪˌfəʊn/
ipa: /ˈtɛl.əˌfəʊn/
ipa: /ˈtɛl.əˌfoʊn/
note: Indic
ipa: /ʈɛlɪpʰon/
note: Indic
ipa: /ʈɛləpʰon/
note: Indic
ipa: /-f/
Forms: form: telephones
form: telephoning
form: telephoned
form: telephoned
Etymology: First used by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 to refer to the modern instrument, but previous devices had been given this name, which was borrowed from French téléphone. Ultimately from Ancient Greek τῆλε (têle, “afar”) + φωνή (phōnḗ, “voice, sound”).
Senses: examples: text: “I came down like a wolf on the fold, didn’t I ? Why didn’t I telephone ? Strategy, my dear boy, strategy. This is a surprise attack, and I’d no wish that the garrison, forewarned, should escape. …”
ref: 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
text: Having completed their task, Fireman Page telephoned from a lineside box to the next signal cabin, briefly reported the incident and said that, as no high explosive had dropped and the track was safe, they proposed proceeding "at caution".
ref: 1944 July and August, “Top Link Drivers: XXI—Driver H. Blunt, L.N.E.R.”, in Railway Magazine, page 226:
text: The length ganger saw the train passing with the van derailed and promptly telephoned the Sandbach signalman, who restored his signals to danger, but not in time to stop the train before the final derailment occurred.
ref: 1961 November, “Talking of Trains: Derailment near Holmes Chapel”, in Trains Illustrated, page 652:
glosses: To (attempt to) contact someone using a telephone.
examples: text: He telephoned what he knew to his chief[.]
ref: 1961, Xavier Herbert, Soldiers' Women, Netley, SA: Fontana Books, published 1978, page 334:
text: David telephoned his apologies to his mother.
ref: 2012, Robert Byron, Jan Morris, Europe in the Looking-Glass:
glosses: To convey (a message) via telephone.
Synonyms: word: call
word: drop a line
word: phone
word: ring
word: telephone
word: call up
word: dial up
word: get on the horn
word: give someone a bell
word: give someone a buzz
word: give someone a call
word: give someone a jingle
word: give someone a ring
word: give someone a tinkle
word: ring up
Hypernyms: word: communicate
Meronyms: word: dial
Derived terms: retelephone
public key cryptography
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The subfield of cryptography in which all information used to encode a message is assumed to be publicly available.
keystone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkiː.stəʊn/
rhymes: -iːstəʊn
Forms: form: keystones
Etymology: From key + stone.
Definition 4 (retail) possibly originated in the jewelry industry in the magazine called "Jewelers' Circular-Keystone".
Senses: examples: text: The tunnel, which is 1,000 yd. long, had been closed to passenger traffic since November 17, 1949, after some of the keystones had worked loose.
ref: 1950 March, “Notes and News: Sugar Loaf Tunnel, Central Wales Line”, in Railway Magazine, page 209:
topics: architecture
glosses: The top stone of an arch.
examples: text: Tension between empirical and theoretical knowledge is keystone to sociological and to organizational theories, as early as in Marx's and Weber's frameworks.
ref: 1999, Eliezer Geisler, Methodology, Theory, and Knowledge in the Managerial and Organizational ...:
glosses: Something on which other things depend for support.
glosses: A native or resident of the American state of Pennsylvania.
topics: business
commerce
retail
glosses: A retail price that is double the cost price; a markup of 100%.
topics: ball-games
baseball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: The combination of the shortstop and second baseman.
Derived terms: Keystone Cop
keystone corner
keystone correction
keystone effect
keystone picture
keystone pricing
Keystoner
keystone species
Keystone State
keystone
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkiː.stəʊn/
rhymes: -iːstəʊn
Forms: form: keystones
form: keystoning
form: keystoned
form: keystoned
Etymology: From key + stone.
Definition 4 (retail) possibly originated in the jewelry industry in the magazine called "Jewelers' Circular-Keystone".
Senses: glosses: To distort (an image) by projecting it onto a surface at an angle, which for example causes a square to look like a trapezoid.
topics: business
commerce
retail
glosses: To double the cost price in order to determine the retail price; to apply a markup of 100%.