cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
brushfire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: brushfires
form: brush fire
form: brush-fire
Etymology: From brush + fire.
Senses: glosses: A large fire in a scrubland or prairie, as opposed to a forest fire, which occurs in forests.
examples: text: It may be a brushfire operation or an operation on the scale of the Korean war; it will certainly not involve the home territories of the United States and Soviet Russia as theaters of hostilities.
ref: 1958, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means. Subcommittee on Foreign Trade Policy, Foreign Trade Policy: Hearings, Eighty-fifth Congress, page 651:
text: I grant you it may not be in the actual application of mechanical devices, but if you have the volume to have supremacy in a major war it is obvious you would have the volume to take care of a brushfire war.
ref: 1959, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations, Financial statements of field commanders, page 251:
text: If a brushfire conflict does threaten superpower interests, or the general peace, a superpower may intervene in an unusual way.
ref: 1963, Philip Van Slyck, Peace: the Control of National Power, page 14:
topics: government
politics
glosses: A war that arises suddenly and is limited in scope or area.
challenging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃælɪnd͡ʒɪŋ/
Etymology: From Middle English chalengynge; equivalent to challenge + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of challenge
challenging
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃælɪnd͡ʒɪŋ/
Forms: form: more challenging
form: most challenging
Etymology: From Middle English chalengynge; equivalent to challenge + -ing.
Senses: glosses: Difficult, hard to do.
Derived terms: challengingly
challengingness
nonchallenging
challenging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃælənd͡ʒɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈt͡ʃælɪnd͡ʒɪŋ/
Forms: form: challengings
Etymology: From Middle English chalengynge; equivalent to challenge + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: There are always sincere challengings of the findings, always the objections (sincere in another sense) of those whose interests seem threatened.
ref: 1918, Estcourt Rowland Metzner, The conflict of tax laws, page 151:
glosses: The act of making a challenge.
Related terms: challenge
clothes peg
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: clothes pegs
form: clothes-peg
form: clothespeg
Senses: glosses: An object (usually made of wood or plastic) used to attach wet laundry to a clothesline so that it (the laundry) can dry.
Synonyms: clothespin
Kriegie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Kriegies
form: kriegie
Etymology: From German Kriegsgefangener, + -ie.
Senses: glosses: A prisoner of war in Germany during the Second World War
ruffian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌfi.ən/
Forms: form: ruffians
Etymology: From Middle French rufian, from Italian ruffiano (“pimp”).
Senses: examples: text: What wilt thou on thy death-bed play the Ruffian?
ref: 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], page 145, column 1:
text: It was at Count Siloszech's. He'd heard her sing in the streets, with a tall, black-bearded ruffian, who accompanied her on a guitar, and a little fiddling gypsy fellow. She was a handsome woman, with hair down to her knees, but stupid as an owl.
ref: 1894, George du Maurier, “Part Fifth: Little Billee: An Interlude”, in Trilby: A Novel, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, →OCLC, page 259:
synonyms: word: rogue
word: scamp
word: agitator
word: bad boy
word: bad news
word: bear
word: bhoy
word: blackguard
word: booger
word: boot boy
word: bovver boy
word: brat
word: brawler
word: breedbate
word: buffoon
word: bugger
word: bully
word: charva
word: cutup
word: devil
word: elf
word: enfant terrible
word: firebrand
word: gadfly
word: hell-raiser
word: hood
word: hoodlum
word: hool
word: hoolie
word: hooligan
word: hothead
word: imp
word: inciter
word: initiator
word: instigator
word: jackanapes
word: joker
word: jokester
word: kindle-coal
word: kindle-fire
word: knave
word: lout
word: makebate
word: minx
word: mischief
word: mischief-maker
word: miscreant
word: ne'er-do-well
word: pixie
word: pot stirrer
word: practical joker
word: prankster
word: puck
word: rabble rouser
word: rakeshame
word: rantipole
word: rapscallion
word: rascal
word: rogue
word: roly-poly
word: rowdy
word: ruffian
word: scamp
word: scapegrace
word: scoundrel
word: shit disturber
word: shitmonger
word: shit-stirrer
word: tearaway
word: thug
word: titivil
word: tough
word: troublemaker
word: undesirable
word: vandal
word: wag
word: wagpastie
word: wrangler
word: yob
word: yobbo
glosses: A scoundrel, rascal, or unprincipled, deceitful, brutal and unreliable person.
synonyms: word: abbot
word: bludger
word: bully
word: cock-bawd
word: dalaal
word: fishmonger
word: flashman
word: fleshmonger
word: hoon
word: hustler
word: mackerel
word: mack
word: mack daddy
word: muttonmonger
word: nookie-bookie
word: pandar
word: pimp
word: pussymonger
word: ruffian
word: souteneur
word: sweetman
word: whoreman
word: whoremaster
word: whoremonger
glosses: A pimp; a pander.
examples: text: He [her husband] is no sooner abroad than she is instantly at home, revelling with her ruffians.
ref: 1621, John Reynolds, The Triumphs of God's Revenge against the crying and execrable Sinne of Murther:
glosses: A lover; a paramour.
ruffian
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌfi.ən/
Forms: form: ruffians
form: ruffianing
form: ruffianed
form: ruffianed
Etymology: From Middle French rufian, from Italian ruffiano (“pimp”).
Senses: examples: text: Methinks the wind does speak aloud at land; A fuller blast ne'er shook our battlements. If it hath ruffianed so upon the sea.
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
glosses: To play the ruffian; to rage; to raise tumult.
ruffian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌfi.ən/
Forms: form: more ruffian
form: most ruffian
Etymology: From Middle French rufian, from Italian ruffiano (“pimp”).
Senses: examples: text: ruffian rage
glosses: Brutal, cruel, ruffianlikes.
debatable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: [dɪˈbeɪtəbəɫ]
Forms: form: more debatable
form: most debatable
form: debateable
Etymology: From Old French debatable (French débattable), equivalent to debate + -able.
Senses: examples: text: Those data are debatable: no one has been able to replicate them.
text: It's debatable whether he is the best candidate for the position.
text: While the SCP universe is, of course, filled with things that we would certainly not consider "real", most of the SCPs are tangible or perceivable in some way. There are those concepts, however, whose reality is debatable, even to the SCP Foundation, begging them to ask the question of what, exactly, is real.
ref: 2019 January 7, “Exploring the SCP Foundation: Pattern Screamers” (0:11 from the start), in The Exploring Series, archived from the original on 11 Jan 2023:
text: There’s been a change in President Donald Trump. He used to say he had accomplished more than any other President, a debatable claim. But now he’s using messianic language about himself.
ref: 2019 August 21, Zachary B. Wolf, “Trump is either trolling everyone or thinks he’s like a god”, in CNN:
glosses: Open to debate; not fully proved or confirmed.
examples: text: The lack of bonuses this year is not debatable.
glosses: Able to be debated; up for discussion.
Derived terms: debatableness
debatably
nondebatable
undebatable
undebatably
debatable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: [dɪˈbeɪtəbəɫ]
Forms: form: debatables
form: debateable
Etymology: From Old French debatable (French débattable), equivalent to debate + -able.
Senses: examples: text: Just how many glaucoma patients there are in the United States and just how prevalent is the disease are two unknowns or at least two debatables.
ref: 1988, Ray Barr, 1,001 medical facts for every home, page 314:
glosses: A topic that is open to debate.
coiffure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwɑˈfjʊɚ/
Forms: form: coiffures
Etymology: Borrowed from French coiffure.
Senses: glosses: Hairstyle.
coiffure
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwɑˈfjʊɚ/
Forms: form: coiffures
form: coiffuring
form: coiffured
form: coiffured
Etymology: Borrowed from French coiffure.
Senses: examples: text: Perfectly coiffured and seemingly imperturbable, Setsuko approaches madness as her psychological and sexual insecurities are dredged up by confrontations with her past and mind games with the suspected murderer.
ref: 1996 August 23, Ted Shen, “Angel Dust”, in Chicago Reader:
text: Her eyes seldom left for long the other end of the table, where Stephanie, at Dominey's left hand, with her crown of exquisitely coiffured red-gold hair, her marvellous jewellery, her languorous grace of manner, seemed more like one of the beauties of an ancient Venetian Court than a modern Hungarian Princess gowned in the Rue de la Paix.
ref: 1920, E. Phillips Oppenheim, The Great Impersonation:
text: Her hair was far less elaborately coiffured and her toilette less magnificent than the toilettes of the women by whom she was surrounded.
ref: 1915, E. Phillips Oppenheim, Mr. Grex of Monte Carlo:
text: Her attire is rich, she wears costly jewels, and her hair is tastefully coiffured.
ref: 1842, Edgcumbe Staley, The Tragedies of the Medici:
glosses: To style or arrange hair.
drip
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɹɪp/
ipa: [dʒɹɪp]
rhymes: -ɪp
Forms: form: drips
form: dripping
form: dripped
form: dripped
Etymology: From Middle English drippen, druppen, from Old English drypan, from Proto-Germanic *drupjaną (“to fall in drops, drip”), from Proto-Germanic *drupô (“drop”). Akin to West Frisian drippe (“to drip”),
Dutch druipen, druppelen (“to drip”), German Low German drüppen (“to drip”), German tropfen, tröpfeln (“to drip”), Norwegian Bokmål dryppe, Norwegian Nynorsk drypa (“to drip”).
Senses: examples: text: Listening to the tap next door drip all night drove me mad!
glosses: To fall one drop at a time.
examples: text: Does the sink drip, or have I just spilt water over the floor?
glosses: To leak slowly.
examples: text: After putting oil on the side of the salad, the chef should drip a little vinegar in the oil.
text: My broken pen dripped ink onto the table.
text: c. 1726, Alexander Pope (probable author), The Lamentation of Glumdalclitch
Which from the thatch drips fast a shower of rain.
text: Philander went into the next room[…]and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm. Then he put the coffee pot on the stove and rummaged out a loaf of dry bread and some hardtack.
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
glosses: To let fall in drops.
examples: text: The Old Hall simply drips with masterpieces of the Flemish painters.
text: The duchess was dripping with jewels.
glosses: To have a superabundance of (something).
raw_tags: with with
examples: text: The weather isn't so bad. I mean, it's dripping, but you're not going to get so wet.
glosses: To rain lightly; to drizzle.
raw_tags: of the weather
glosses: To be wet, to be soaked.
examples: text: The Women's Royal Naval Service was integrated with the Royal Navy in November 1993. […] Men interviewed by Public Eye (April, 1994) said they should 'stop dripping about it' and that women should learn to 'take it like a man […]
ref: 1995, Sue Innes, Making it work: women, change and challenge in the 1990s, page 21:
text: The government had been slowly running down the Royal Navy Organisation to save money on various peoples' budgets, so now we had to sub-contract ships to go to war! So stop dripping and "make it so", all those admirals can't be wrong!
ref: 2012, I. H. Milburn, Falklands War - Get STUFT:
topics: government
military
naval
navy
politics
war
glosses: To whine or complain consistently; to grumble.
examples: text: I'm sorry for drippin', but drip is what I do. And one of these days, I'm gon' get dressed and drip all over you.
ref: 2020, “Drip Like Me”, performed by Kenndog:
glosses: Be impressive or attractive.
Derived terms: adrip
bedrip
driphole
dripless
drippage
dripper
dripping water hollows a stone
dripping wet
dripple
dripproof
drippy
dripstick
dripstone
driptorch
eavesdrip
nondrip
overdreep
drip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɹɪp/
ipa: [dʒɹɪp]
rhymes: -ɪp
Forms: form: drips
Etymology: From Middle English drippe, from the verb (see above). Compare West Frisian drip (“drip”), Dutch drup (“drip”), Danish dryp (“drip”).
(style, swagger): Compare the verb sense "to have a superabundance of valuable things".
Senses: examples: text: I put a drip of vanilla extract in my hot cocoa.
text: I need a bucket to catch the drips.
glosses: A drop of a liquid.
examples: text: the light drip of the suspended oar
ref: 1816, Lord Byron, “Canto III”, in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Canto the Third, London: […] [F]or John Murray, […], →OCLC, stanza LXXXVI:
glosses: A falling or letting fall in drops; act of dripping.
examples: text: He's not doing so well. The doctors have put him on a drip.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: An apparatus that slowly releases a liquid, especially one that intravenously releases drugs into a patient's bloodstream.
examples: text: He couldn't even summon up the courage to ask her name... what a drip!
text: Because most of the blokes I fancy think l'm stupid and pointless—and, so, they just bonk me and then leave me. And the kind of blokes that do fancy me, I think are drips. I can't even be bothered to bonk them. Which does sort of leave me a bit nowhere.
ref: 1994, Richard Curtis, Four Weddings and a Funeral, spoken by Scarlett (Charlotte Coleman):
glosses: A limp, ineffectual, or uninteresting person.
topics: architecture
glosses: That part of a cornice, sill course, or other horizontal member, which projects beyond the rest, and has a section designed to throw off rainwater.
examples: text: His drip is looking fine, especially the Supreme t-shirt.
text: Hailey decided to show off her drip with a soft, white fluff jacket […]
ref: 2019, Diego Pedraza, "Dragon Fashion", Deadline (Middle College High School, Stockton, CA), Volume 5, Issue 5, page 4
text: The cold weather can't stop your drip.
ref: 2020 December, “Inside The Winter Chic”, in Brown Sugar Box, page 3:
text: Staying true to their purpose, all this exciting drip will be available at the most pocket-friendly prices.
ref: 2021 June, “Handpicked Section”, in Syzygy Magazine, page 16:
glosses: Style; swagger; fashionable and/or expensive clothing.
Derived terms: continental drip
drip coffee
drip-dry
drip edge
drip feed
drip-feed
drip gas
drip irrigation
drip line
drip marketing
drip painting
drip point
drip pricing
drip tip
intravenous drip
Murphy drip
neutron drip line
old man's drip
post-nasal drip
postnasal drip
right of drip
drip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɹɪp/
ipa: [dʒɹɪp]
rhymes: -ɪp
Forms: form: drips
Etymology: Acronym.
Senses: topics: business
finance
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of DRIP (“dividend reinvestment plan”)
operative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒpəɹətɪv/
ipa: /ˈɒpɹətɪv/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˈɑpɹətɪv/
note: of the US
ipa: /ˈɒpəɹətɪv/
note: of the US
ipa: /ˈɒpɹətɪv/
Forms: form: more operative
form: most operative
Etymology: From Middle English operative, operatyfe, from Middle French operatif (modern French opératif) or its etymon Latin operātīvus. By surface analysis, operate + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: He's usually in a good mood — the operative word there being "usually". Today was a disaster.
glosses: Effectual or important.
glosses: Functional, in working order.
examples: text: an operative motive
text: It holds in all operative principles.
ref: 1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:
text: This call is operative not merely on the level of abstract theory.
ref: 1988 April 2, Phillip Brian Harper, “Lesbians and gay men of color, speak out!”, in Gay Community News, page 9:
glosses: Having the power of acting; hence, exerting force, physical or moral; active in the production of effects.
examples: text: an operative dose, rule, or penalty
glosses: Producing the appropriate or designed effect; efficacious.
examples: text: operative surgery
glosses: Based upon, or consisting of, a surgical operation or operations.
Derived terms: co-öperative
cooperative
co-operative
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
disoperative
inoperative
interoperative
intra-operative
intraoperative
microoperative
nonoperative
operative clause
operatively
Operative Masonry
operativeness
operative word
operativity
paraoperative
perioperative
peri-operative
peroperative
post-operative
postoperative
preoperative
pre-operative
reoperative
retro-operative
transoperative
unco-operative
unoperative
Related terms: operand
operant
operate
operation
operational
operator
operative
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒpəɹətɪv/
ipa: /ˈɒpɹətɪv/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˈɑpɹətɪv/
note: of the US
ipa: /ˈɒpəɹətɪv/
note: of the US
ipa: /ˈɒpɹətɪv/
Forms: form: operatives
Etymology: From Middle English operative, operatyfe, from Middle French operatif (modern French opératif) or its etymon Latin operātīvus. By surface analysis, operate + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: Practically 50 per cent of the female operatives are found in the two groups aged 15 to 19 and 20 to 24 years, while only 18.2 per cent of the female nonoperatives are found in these age groups.
ref: 1916, Women in industry series, United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics, page 366:
glosses: An employee or other worker with some particular function or skill.
glosses: A spy, secret agent, or detective.
glosses: A participant in an operation.
thrift
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: thrĭft
ipa: /θɹɪft/
rhymes: -ɪft
Forms: form: thrifts
form: thrifting
form: thrifted
form: thrifted
Etymology: From Middle English thrift, thryfte, þrift, from Old Norse þrift (“thriving condition, prosperity”). Equivalent to thrive + -t.
Senses: examples: text: They like to go thrifting on weekends.
text: I thrifted these vintage coffee mugs.
text: She probably thrifted the T-shirt and shorts. Bought the hiking boots yesterday at Copeland's. She's not much of a hiker, Xerxes thinks.
ref: 2007, James Bernard Frost, World Leader Pretend, page 152:
glosses: To shop or browse at a thrift shop; to buy (something) at a thrift shop.
reflective
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɪˈflɛktɪv/
rhymes: -ɛktɪv
Forms: form: more reflective
form: most reflective
Etymology: From reflect + -ive.
Senses: examples: text: Mirrors are reflective.
glosses: That reflects, or redirects back to the source.
examples: text: He always becomes reflective in preparation for the new year.
glosses: Pondering, especially thinking back on the past.
examples: text: In any event, the incident, and the media attention it attracted, highlights the sensitivity of language politics in Singapore and is reflective of the fact that this sensitivity extends to campus life.
ref: 2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 3:
glosses: That reveals or shows; revealing; indicative of.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: Involving reflection.
examples: text: In JIT compilation, the running program is reflectively modified by an embedded compiler, which only uses two reflective operations […]
ref: 2024, Egon Börger, Vincenzo Gervasi, Structures of Computing: A Guide to Practice-Oriented Theory, page 108:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: By means of reflection.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Reciprocal.
Coordinate terms: refractive
Derived terms: antireflective
coreflective
echoreflective
hyperreflective
hyporeflective
irreflective
metareflective
nonreflective
overreflective
prereflective
reflectively
reflectiveness
reflectivism
reflectivist
reflectivity
retroreflective
self-reflective
semireflective
thermoreflective
transflective
unreflective
supplemental
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsʌplɪˈmɛntəl/
ipa: /ˌsʌpləˈmɛntəl/
ipa: /ˌsapləˈmentəl/
Forms: form: more supplemental
form: most supplemental
Etymology: From supplement + -al.
Senses: examples: text: The supplementary bibliography (in Vol. VI) attests to the comprehensiveness of the effort.
ref: 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page viii:
glosses: Acting to supplement.
glosses: Appending.
glosses: Lacking a regular schedule (as in a supplemental airline).
Derived terms: supplemental jurisdiction
supplementally
supplemental restraint system
supplemental
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsʌplɪˈmɛntəl/
ipa: /ˌsʌpləˈmɛntəl/
ipa: /ˌsapləˈmentəl/
Forms: form: supplementals
Etymology: From supplement + -al.
Senses: glosses: Something that supplements or adds to.
glosses: A requisition or article of legislation that provides additional funding for a program.
sensational
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɛnˈseɪʃənəl/
ipa: /sɛnˈseɪʃnəl/
ipa: /sən-/
Forms: form: more sensational
form: most sensational
Etymology: From sensation + -al.
Senses: examples: sensational nerves
glosses: Of or pertaining to sensation.
glosses: Piquing or arousing the senses.
glosses: Provoking a reaction of interest or excitement.
examples: text: Young Dutch keeper Tim Krul saw his value rocket up with a sensational display.
ref: 2011 October 1, Saj Chowdhury, “Wolverhampton 1 - 2 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Exceptionally great.
Derived terms: antisensational
nonsensational
non-sensational
sensationalisation
sensationalism
sensationalist
sensationalistic
sensationalization
sensationalize
sensationalise
sensationally
sensationalness
unsensational
forest fire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: forest fires
Senses: examples: text: If the forest fire is not contained soon the town will be at risk!
glosses: A fire, often large, that consumes a forest or woodland.
Synonyms: word: bush fire
word: wildfire
word: hill fire
Derived terms: fresh fucked fox in a forest fire
uncomfortably
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more uncomfortably
form: most uncomfortably
Etymology: From uncomfortable + -ly or un- + comfortably.
Senses: examples: text: Everyone else shifted uncomfortably as this guy continued his derisive laughter and proclaimed my quest the most idiotic thing he'd heard in his life.
ref: 2005, Sean Dooley, The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page 131:
text: What I deemed a welcoming community when I moved into it (despite its name), feels uncomfortably different to me after someone from my HOA posted on Nextdoor (which groups members into virtual neighborhoods based on their real addresses) about removing “plantation” from Haile Plantation as a consideration toward residents and visitors who are Black, indigenous and people of color (BIPOC).
ref: 2020 August 1, Yelena Moroz Alpert, “What my Nextdoor neighbors don’t get about the word ‘plantation’”, in CNN:
glosses: In an uncomfortable manner.
unhappiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unhappinesses
Etymology: From unhappy + -ness or un- + happiness.
Senses: examples: text: While there may be some truth in the Anna Karenina principle that all happy families are alike, but every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way, we increasingly have a better understanding of what makes for unhappiness and stress in the workplace.
ref: 2011 July 15, Cary L Cooper, Stephen Wood, “Happiness at work: why it counts”, in The Guardian:
synonyms: word: melancholy
word: misery
word: blueness
word: mirthless
word: blues
word: crestfallenness
word: dejection
word: depression
word: despondency
word: distress
word: dolefulness
word: downheartedness
word: drearihead
word: forlornness
word: grief
word: heartsore
word: ill-being
word: infelicity
word: melancholia
word: melancholy
word: misery
word: mishappiness
word: mourn
word: prosternation
word: regret
word: rue
word: ruth
word: sadness
word: sorrow
word: sorrowfulness
word: tristfulness
word: undelight
word: unhappiness
word: woe
word: woefare
word: wretchedness
glosses: The feeling of not being happy.
unfamiliar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: more unfamiliar
form: most unfamiliar
Etymology: From un- + familiar.
Senses: examples: text: United were second-best for long periods as they struggled to adapt to an unfamiliar line-up and were ultimately fortunate to leave Merseyside with their unbeaten league run still intact.
ref: 2011 October 15, Phil McNulty, “Liverpool 1 - 1 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Strange, not familiar.
unfamiliar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: unfamiliars
Etymology: From un- + familiar.
Senses: glosses: An unfamiliar person; a stranger.
ungracious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈɡɹeɪʃəs/
rhymes: -eɪʃəs
Forms: form: more ungracious
form: most ungracious
Etymology: From Middle English ungracious; equivalent to un- + gracious.
Senses: examples: text: One might have hoped for more about the Widened Lines and about the G.C. approach to Marylebone—but it is ungracious to point to omissions when so much is contained within 260 pages.
ref: 1962 October, “New Reading on Railways: London Railways. By Edwin Course. Batsford. 35s.”, in Modern Railways, unnumbered page:
glosses: Not gracious; unkind or cold-hearted.
Derived terms: ungraciously
ungraciousness
pothole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: potholes
form: pot-hole
Etymology: From dialectal pot (“pit, hollow, cavity”) + hole. The "cave" senses, attested since at least 1809 (as pot-hole), may be from Middle English pot, potte (“a deep hole for a mine, or from peat-digging”), of uncertain origin; perhaps related to English pit, pote, or pot. Compare Scots pott, patt (“a pit dug in the ground; coalpit”).
Senses: examples: text: I was so tired that potholes, fumes and noise aside, I slept regardless, my head rag-dolling from side to side.
ref: 2005, Paul Carter, Don't Tell Mum I Work on the Rigs, Crows Nest: Allen and Unwin, page 86:
text: Labour's Shadow Transport Secretary Louise Haigh said: "There is a cost-of-living crisis, and the Prime Minister blew nearly £1m of public money on an utterly infeasible vanity project. That's enough to fill 18,000 potholes. This shows the Tories' sheer disrespect for public money."
ref: 2022 February 9, “Network News: Prime Minister "blew nearly £1m" on Northern Ireland bridge study”, in RAIL, number 950, page 20:
glosses: A shallow pit or other edged depression in a road's surface, especially when caused by erosion by weather or traffic.
examples: 2002, May-June, Grand River Conservation Authority (Canada) Newsletter
The earliest ideas on the creation of potholes are that they were associated with "moulins de glacier" (glacier mills) formed where surface streams on glaciers and ice sheets fall into holes in the ice. Water entering these surficial holes was believed to impact on the bedrock beneath creating a large pothole. The "Moulin Hypothesis", first suggested in 1874, continued to be accepted by many authors until the 1950s. However, commencing in the 1930s, other authors have suggested dissatisfaction with the moulin hypothesis, largely on the grounds that it failed to explain how ice could remain stable long enough for the "giant" potholes to form and why many potholes (like those at Rockwood) were present in large numbers.
glosses: A pit formed in the bed of a turbulent stream.
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A vertical cave system, often found in limestone.
topics: archaeology
history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: A pit resulting from unauthorized excavation by treasure-hunters or vandals.
topics: business
mining
glosses: A shallow hole dug for the purpose of prospecting for opal or gold.
topics: lifestyle
glosses: A hyperlink with text displayed on a page that is different from the title of the page to which the text links; a piped link.
Synonyms: sense: large pit in the bed of a stream
word: giant kettle
Derived terms: potholed
potholer
potholey
potholing
Related terms: sense: pit resulting from unauthorized excavation
word: pothunter
sense: piped link, TV Tropes
word: sinkhole
pothole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: potholes
form: pot-hole
Etymology: From pot + hole. Attested since at least 1811 (also as pot-hole), possibly continuing Middle English *pothol (attested in the plural, potholys).
Senses: examples: text: Stoves with two or more potholes
The normal single-pot stove in which the pot sits on top, rather than being sunk into the pothole, has a major limitation.
ref: 1984, Stoves and trees: how much wood would a woodstove save if a woodstove could save wood?:
glosses: A hole or recess on the top of a stove into which a pot may be placed.
Related terms: sinkhole
fourth wall
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fourth walls
form: fourth-wall
form: 4th wall
Etymology: A reference to the three walls of a box set, with the fourth wall being the imaginary wall separating the performers from the audience. Coined by philosopher and art critic Denis Diderot in 1758 and thus a calque of French quatrième mur.
Senses: examples: text: This is a flat, unnecessary, and strangely disturbing denial of the fourth-wall convention, that unwritten agreement between playwright and playgoer whereby you think of yourself at the theatre as a privileged, exonerated, comfortably seated eavesdropper.
ref: 1916 February 20, “Second Thoughts on First Nights”, in New York Times, page X7:
text: There's been a convention in the theater world to think of the division between audience and spectacle as a fourth wall, a wall that the playwright tries to eliminate through the force of his drama.
ref: 2005 August 31, Philip Kennicott, “Our Aura of Security, Shattered Like Glass”, in Washington Post, page C01:
qualifier: performing arts
glosses: The imaginary invisible wall at the front of the stage in a proscenium theatre, through which the audience sees the action in the world of the play.
examples: text: Even though you, the author, may be maintaining a fourth wall between your characters and your readers, he, the narrator, is not keeping that fourth wall between himself and the audience he thinks he's telling the story to.
ref: 1999, Orson Scott Card, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
text: The fourth wall is the imaginary barrier between the stage and the audience, and the phrase is a metaphor for the dramatic frame.
ref: 2003, Robert Keith Sawyer, Improvised Dialogues: Emergence and Creativity in Conversation, page 107:
text: As actors, we are still looking out into the imaginary fourth wall. The difference is that in film, the fourth wall is no longer fixed;
ref: 2003, Cathy Haase, Acting for Film, page 92:
text: ... removes the fourth wall of the nineteenth-century novel and, in doing so, eliminates the border between a fictional inside and a nonfictional outside.
ref: 2004, Diana Fuss, The Sense of an Interior: Four Writers and the Rooms that Shaped Them, page 207:
text: I've saved the worst for last. The crudest scheme is to drop the fourth wall and advise players as to actions that are inhibiting
ref: 2005, Chris Crawford, Chris Crawford on Interactive Storytelling, page 208:
glosses: The boundary between the fiction and the audience.
Derived terms: fourth wall joke
break the fourth wall
multilingualization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From multilingual + -ization.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
glosses: The act of adapting or localizing something to, into, or for multiple languages
Synonyms: m17n
Trapp
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: An English surname originating as an occupation derived from the occupation of trapper.
glosses: A surname from German, either from Trappe (bustard) or Treppe (flight of stairs).
bonkers
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɒŋkəz/
ipa: /ˈbɑŋkɚz/
rhymes: -ɒŋkə(ɹ)z
Forms: form: more bonkers
form: most bonkers
Etymology: Unknown. Perhaps from bonk (a blow or punch on the head), perhaps related to earlier bonce.
Senses: examples: text: [A]nd we should remind ourselves that it is absolutely bonkers that we elect judges at all; that system is used almost nowhere else on earth[.]
ref: 2021, Paul Waldman, Opinion: The Supreme Court won’t stand up for voting rights. But some state courts will, in: The Washington Post, July 6 2021 (emphasis in original)
text: "They are turning people off travelling. And the removal of catering on such a long-distance route is just bonkers."
ref: 2021 December 29, Paul Clifton, “"Crisis" on the West of England line”, in RAIL, number 947, page 35:
glosses: Mad; crazy.
Derived terms: bonkersdom
bonkersness
go bonkers
bonkers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɒŋkəz/
ipa: /ˈbɑŋkɚz/
rhymes: -ɒŋkə(ɹ)z
Etymology: Unknown. Perhaps from bonk (a blow or punch on the head), perhaps related to earlier bonce.
Senses: glosses: plural of bonker
Common Era
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Common Era
Etymology: Originally Vulgar Era. The English phrase "common Era" appears at least as early as 1708, and by 1715 is used synonymously with "Christian Era" and "Vulgar Era".
Senses: examples: text: The second Book is divided into eight Chapters, treats of the origin of the Greek Characters, and changes that happen'd in them, to the fourth Century of the common Era.
ref: 1708 January, The History of the Works of the Learned, volume 10, London: Printed for H. Rhodes, retrieved 31 Oct 2011, page 513:
text: Some say the World was created 3950 Years before the common Æra of Christ
ref: 1715, David Gregory with John Nicholson and John Morphew, The Elements of Astronomy, Physical and Geometrical, volume v. 1 (Astronomy), London: printed for J. Nicholson, and sold by J. Morphew, retrieved 05 Jan 2008, page 252:
text: The vulgar Era, or Anno Domini; the fourth year of Jesus Christ, the first of which was but eight days." In its article on General Chronology, the 1908 Catholic Encyclopedia stated that "Foremost among these (dating eras) is that which is now adopted by all civilized peoples and known as the Christian, Vulgar or Common Era, in the twentieth century of which we are now living.
ref: 1835, Alexander Campbell, Living Oracles:
text: 1796 years before the common era, and 1020 before the first Olympiad.
ref: 1770, William Hooper with Jacob Friedrich Bielfeld, The Elements of Universal Eurdition (v. 2), London: G. Scott, printer, for J Robson, bookseller in New-Bond Street, and B. Law in Ave-Mary Lane, retrieved 13 Sep 2007, page p 105:
topics: chronology
hobbies
horology
lifestyle
glosses: The secular equivalent of anno Domini and the Christian Era, the internationally recognized method of numbering years on the Gregorian calendar.
Synonyms: alt: by Thelemites
word: Era Vulgaris
goad stick
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: goad sticks
Senses: examples: text: There was a muleteer to every donkey and a dozen volunteers beside, and they banged the donkeys with their goad-sticks, and pricked them with their spikes, and shouted something that sounded like "Sekki-yah!" and kept up a din and a racket that was worse than Bedlam itself.
ref: 1869, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VI, in The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress; […], Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company. […], →OCLC, page 58:
glosses: A stick used as a goad.
slambang
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: slam-bang
Etymology: From slam + bang.
Senses: examples: text: The car went slambang into a fence.
glosses: With a slam and a bang; with noisy or headlong violence.
Synonyms: word: strambang
slambang
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: slam-bang
Etymology: From slam + bang.
Senses: examples: text: […] the slambang, profane hit play, The Front Page […]
ref: 1956, Newsweek, Volume 47, Part 2, page 78:
glosses: Violent and noisy; unrestrained.
slambang
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: slambangs
form: slambanging
form: slambanged
form: slambanged
form: slam-bang
Etymology: From slam + bang.
Senses: examples: text: Zooey’s razor, new blade and all slambanged down into the metal wastebasket.
ref: 1961, J. D. Salinger, Franny and Zooey:
glosses: To go with a slam and a bang; go noisily.
potholing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pothole + -ing.
Senses: glosses: A form of caving involving the exploration of potholes.
Related terms: potholer
potholer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: potholers
Etymology: From pothole + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone who explores potholes as a hobby.
Related terms: caver
spelunker
caving
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkeɪvɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪvɪŋ
Forms: form: cavings
Senses: glosses: The recreational sport of exploring caves.
examples: text: Likewise, some Turner Valley wells had to be abandoned because of repeated cavings.
ref: 2005, Sandy Gow, Bonar Alexander Gow, Roughnecks, Rock Bits and Rigs, page 282:
glosses: An act of collapsing or caving in.
caving
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkeɪvɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪvɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of cave
Related terms: speleology
potholing
kool
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: kooler
form: koolest
Senses: glosses: Deliberate misspelling of cool.
Derived terms: koozie
kool
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: kools
form: kooling
form: kooled
form: kooled
form: cool
Etymology: Back slang for look.
Senses: examples: text: Now kool my downy kicksies—the style for me, / Built on a plan werry naughty,
ref: c. 1864, Alfred Peck Stevens, “The Chickaleary Cove”, in Farmer, John Stephen, editor, Musa Pedestris, published 1896, page 161:
text: We had not been engaged in our reading very long when at the far end of the arch I noticed a twinkling light. "Kool esclop!" shouted one of the boys, at the same moment doucing the glim and bolting with his companion, leaving me in the dark with my upset beer bottle and my douced candle, forming a spectacle which seemed to arouse suspicion on the part of our friend the policeman, whose light it was that had appeared in the distance.
ref: 1903 October 24, Rev. Arthur Tappan Pierson, quoting Hogg, Quintin, “Quintin Hogg and the London Polytechnic”, in Missionary Review of the World, volume 26, number 16, page 734:
text: “Kool retfa the posh” he’d call to Mum, “I’m going to ekat the yenom to the kaynab” Somewhere Dad had learnt Backslang and this was the preferred medium of communication between him and Mum when there were customers in the shop. What he had just said was, “Look after the shop, I’m taking the money to the bank”
ref: 2014 October 18, “Golborne Road, Miscellaneous Memories”, in WordPress, retrieved 06 Jun 2017:
qualifier: costermongers
glosses: To look; to pay attention to with one’s eyes.
Synonyms: look
impending
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ
Etymology: From impend + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: I have no time right now because of an impending paper submission deadline.
text: "Keep off Conductor Rails" said red-painted notices at the platform ends, for third-rails were laid in many places even where electric trains never normally ran, and there had been many rumours of impending electrification of the Wirral, as a natural extension of the Mersey system, a quarter of a century before the change was actually made.
ref: 1954 March, W. A. Tuplin, “Recollections of the Wirral Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 167:
text: Randall and Kate aren’t satirical characters. They’re rational thinkers who unwittingly stumble into a Dr. Strangelove type of situation when they discover mankind’s impending doom, and team up with Dr. Teddy Oglethorpe (Rob Morgan) to report their findings to President Orlean (Meryl Streep).
ref: 2021 December 7, Jesse Hassenger, “Leonardo DiCaprio and Jennifer Lawrence cope with disaster in the despairing satire Don’t Look Up”, in AV Club:
synonyms: imminent
in the offing
proximate
glosses: Approaching; drawing near; about to happen or expected to happen.
Synonyms: word: around the corner
word: at hand
word: forthcoming
word: imminent
word: impendent
word: impending
word: in the offing
word: in the wind
word: instant
word: on the boil
word: pending
word: upcoming
word: proximate
word: to come
word: toward
Hypernyms: word: future
word: possible
Derived terms: impendingly
Related terms: word: approaching
word: brewing
word: looming
word: soon
impending
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ
Etymology: From impend + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: The hurricane is impending.
glosses: present participle and gerund of impend
impending
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ
Forms: form: impendings
Etymology: From impend + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Speed of locomotion and staying power in horse and others; the sense of smell in dog and in most other creatures (a far subtler and more analytical faculty than is man's mere perception of odour). Even an uncanny supra-natural sense of natural impendings, catastrophe, earthquake and flood, lacking in man, is found in simpler creatures.
ref: 1934, Arabella Kenealy, The Human Gyroscope:
text: Although I do think about death quite regularly, my intense fear of lesser impendings has taught me that the only way I will survive it is to remain objective […]
ref: 1994, Steve Garvey, quoted in 2000, Nicholas Barnes, Ainin H. Garvey, The Lost Writings of Steve Garvey (page 23)
glosses: Something that impends or threatens; an expected event.
nebris
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɛbɹɪs/
Forms: form: nebrises
Etymology: From Latin nebris, from Ancient Greek νεβρίς (nebrís), earlier νεβρός (nebrós, “fawn”).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The skin of a fawn, as worn by Dionysus, and as worn in his honor by his male followers and female followers (maenads) and other votaries in Ancient Greece. It has also been shown as a panther or fox skin in different contexts.
adding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæ.dɪŋ/
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of add
adding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæ.dɪŋ/
Forms: form: addings
Senses: examples: text: […] she is confronted with the menacing reality of her incompetence. Which is not to say she can't do the addings and subtractings.
ref: 2013, Brent Davis, Teaching Mathematics: Toward a Sound Alternative, page 83:
glosses: An act of addition.
Derived terms: adding machine
adds
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /æ(d)z/
rhymes: -ædz
homophone: ads
homophone: adze
Senses: glosses: plural of add
adds
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /æ(d)z/
rhymes: -ædz
homophone: ads
homophone: adze
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of add
raising
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪzɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪzɪŋ
homophone: razing
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English reysynge; equivalent to raise + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of raise
raising
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪzɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪzɪŋ
homophone: razing
Forms: form: raisings
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English reysynge; equivalent to raise + -ing.
Senses: glosses: Elevation.
examples: text: cattle raising
glosses: Nurturing; cultivation; providing sustenance and protection for a living thing from conception to maturity.
glosses: Recruitment.
glosses: Collection or gathering, especially of money.
examples: to help at a raising
glosses: The operation or work of setting up the frame of a building.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The movement of an argument from an embedded or subordinate clause to a matrix or main clause.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
glosses: A sound change in which a vowel or consonant becomes higher or raised, meaning that the tongue becomes more elevated or positioned closer to the roof of the mouth than before.
glosses: The operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.
glosses: The substance used to make bread rise.
glosses: The process of deepening colours in dyeing.
examples: text: Contracts for the raising of 16 other bridges have been let.
ref: 1957 October 24, “Notes and News: Manchester-Crewe Electrification”, in Railway Magazine, page 734:
glosses: The action of placing something at a higher level.
Related terms: barn raising
Canadian raising
consciousness-raising
don't get above your raising
eyebrow-raising
fire-raising
fireraising
fund-raising
hair raising
hair-raising
negative raising
NEG-raising
neg-raising
net-raising
raising agent
raising board
raising gig
raising piece
raising plate
raising sim
revenue raising
self-raising
self-raising flour
pulled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pʊld/
rhymes: -ʊld
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pull
pulled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pʊld/
rhymes: -ʊld
Senses: glosses: Of cooked meat, prepared by being torn into fine pieces.
Derived terms: pulled pork
Related terms: pulled-to-publish
up-pulled
Tatarstan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Transliteration of Russian Татарста́н (Tatarstán). By surface analysis, Tatar + -stan.
Senses: synonyms: Tataria
glosses: A republic and federal subject of south-central Russia. Official name: Republic of Tatarstan. Capital: Kazan.
Related terms: Tatar
Tatarstani
South Azerbaijan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: qualifier: politically loaded
glosses: Synonym of Azerbaijan (“region in Iran”).
synonyms: word: Azerbaijan
extra: region in Iran
cuspid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈkʌspɪd/
Forms: form: cuspids
Etymology: From Latin cuspid-, stem of cuspis (“point, apex”). Doublet of cusp and cuspis.
Senses: glosses: A tooth with a single cusp; a canine tooth.
Synonyms: canine
eyetooth
dogtooth
Derived terms: cuspidate
monocuspid
multicuspid
pentacuspid
quadricuspid
tetracuspid
tricuspid
unicuspid
premolar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -əʊlə(ɹ)
Forms: form: premolars
Etymology: From pre- + molar.
Senses: examples: text: He opened and let out a hogo of medicinal rum and beer. The bad tooth was a premolar.
ref: 1980, Anthony Burgess, Earthly Powers:
glosses: A tooth situated in front of the molar teeth; especially a tooth in humans with two cusps which is between the canines and the molars (Latin: singular dens premolaris, plural dentes premolares)
Synonyms: sense: a tooth
word: bicuspid
premolar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -əʊlə(ɹ)
Etymology: From pre- + molar.
Senses: glosses: Before a molar tooth, either in physical position or in its time of development; deciduous.