cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
stone-blind
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Compare stone dead (“unquestionably dead”).
Senses: examples: text: While recently addressing a large open-air audience in the district city itself, a man came forward and warmly invited me to dine with him. On inquiry, it turned out that he had formerly been stone-blind, but had been completely restored to sight by a simple operation at the hospital. Now, here was a man who would speak well of us, at all hazard ; and who, as a matter of fact, came home to his friends to tell them how great things the Lord had done for him.
ref: 1915, William Campbell, Sketches from Formosa, Marshall Brothers Limited, page 82:
text: A deaf man may be anything from hard of hearing to as deaf as a post; a blind man may be as blind as a bat or an owl; he may be gravel-blind or stone-blind; a bald man as bald as a coot or as a billiard ball.
ref: 1942 October 3, John Ware, “Nomenclature of Night Blindness”, in British Medical Journal, volume 2, number 4265, →PMID, page 409:
glosses: Completely blind.
Related terms: sand-blind
gravel-blind
stockpot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stockpots
Etymology: From stock + pot.
Senses: topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
glosses: A large pot, such as is used for making stock or for cooking large amounts of soup.
wikipedia: stockpot
Related terms: stock pot
stockpots
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of stockpot
stigmatization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stigmatizations
Etymology: From stigmatize + -ation.
Senses: examples: the stigmatization of ethnic minorities
glosses: The process or act of stigmatizing.
examples: the stigmatization of Saint Francis
topics: lifestyle
religion
theology
glosses: The production of stigmata upon the body.
stormily
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more stormily
form: most stormily
Etymology: From stormy + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Long before the energy crisis the debate over deregulation of natural gas prices raged stormily, stirring high emotions, demagogueries and mutual deceptions, and with literally billions of dollars at stake.
ref: 1976 April 2, “Gas Deregulation”, in The New York Times:
glosses: In a stormy manner. Often used figuratively for noisily.
hobnail
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hobnails
Etymology: From hob + nail. The oldest attestation is in William Shakespeare, but he likely did not coin the term.
Senses: glosses: A short nail with a thick head, typically used in boot soles.
examples: text: Next, the word Politician is not us'd to his maw, and therupon he plays the most notorious hobbihors, jesting and frisking in the luxury of his non-sense with such poor fetches to cog a laughter from us, that no antic hobnaile at a Morris, but is more hansomly facetious.
ref: 1645 March 14 (Gregorian calendar), J[ohn] M[ilton], Colasterion: A Reply to a Nameles Answer against The Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce. […], [London?]: [s.n.], →OCLC:
text: There lay Tom; hobnail Tom! a bacon-munching, reckless, beer-swilling animal! and yet a man …
ref: 1859, George Meredith, chapter 9, in The Ordeal of Richard Feverel. A History of Father and Son. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC:
glosses: A yokel; a rustic.
Coordinate terms: blakey
seg
Derived terms: hobnail boot
hobnailer
hobnail liver
hobnail
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: hobnails
form: hobnailing
form: hobnailed
form: hobnailed
Etymology: From hob + nail. The oldest attestation is in William Shakespeare, but he likely did not coin the term.
Senses: examples: a machine for the hobnailing of shoes
glosses: To fit with hobnails.
examples: text: Your rights and charters hobnailed into slush.
ref: 1875, Tennyson, Queen Mary:
glosses: To tread down roughly, as with hobnailed shoes.
foothill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: foothills
Etymology: From foot + hill.
Senses: examples: text: The summit of the climb came 38km from the end of stage 14, which began in Limoux and ended in Foix in the foothills of the Pyrenees, and the incident occurred as the peloton emerged into the light and passed under the banner at the top, a quarter of an hour behind a five-man breakaway.
ref: 2012 July 15, Richard Williams, Tour de France 2012: Carpet tacks cannot force Bradley Wiggins off track, Guardian Unlimited:
glosses: A hill at the base of a mountain or mountain range.
Derived terms: foothilled
foothill pine
Foothills County
foothilly
foothill yucca
towed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /toʊd/
rhymes: -əʊd
homophone: toad
homophone: toed
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of tow
amygdalate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: amygdalates
Etymology: From Latin amygdala + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of amygdalic acid.
amygdalate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin amygdala + -ate (adjectival suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Cyanide is known for its amygdalate flavor.
glosses: Of or pertaining to almonds.
amygdalate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Latin amygdala + -ate.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of almond milk.
synonyms: word: almond milk
lightnings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: You nimble lightnings, dart your blinding flames
Into her scornful eyes!
ref: c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
text: For a short space of time I remained at the window watching the pallid lightnings that played above Mont Blanc and listening to the rushing of the Arve, which pursued its noisy way beneath.
ref: 1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], “Chapter 9”, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC:
glosses: plural of lightning
lightnings
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of lightning
amygdalic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: mandelic acid
mandelic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: 2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid, C₆H₅CH(OH)COOH; originally extracted from bitter almonds, it has antibacterial and bacteriostatic properties.
Synonyms: amygdalic acid
surtitle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɜː(ɹ)taɪtəl/
Forms: form: surtitles
Etymology: From French sur (“over, above”), from Latin super, + title, from Latin titulum.
Senses: glosses: A translation of a segment of the libretto or other text or sometimes a brief summary of the plot projected onto a screen above the stage during a performance of an opera or other similar performance sung in a foreign language; a supertitle.
Synonyms: supertitle
Related terms: subtitle
super
title
surtitle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɜː(ɹ)taɪtəl/
Forms: form: surtitles
form: surtitling
form: surtitled
form: surtitled
Etymology: From French sur (“over, above”), from Latin super, + title, from Latin titulum.
Senses: glosses: To provide surtitles for a performance.
Synonyms: supertitle
supertitle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: supertitles
Etymology: From super- + title.
Senses: examples: text: Despite writing that can be confusing — we are not told, for example, how Oishi’s group of 56 ronin ended up just 47, or maybe a supertitle zipped by too quickly — the story moves at a steady clip. And Dachs’s decision to have women play some of the male roles, most prominently Kira, is very effective.
ref: 2022 October 24, Elisabeth Vincentelli, “‘Chushingura — 47 Ronin’ Review: A Sprawling Tale of Loyalty”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A surtitle.
supertitle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: supertitles
form: supertitling
form: supertitled
form: supertitled
Etymology: From super- + title.
Senses: examples: text: This declaration, by the British director Peter Brook, is one of dozens that are recited, chanted, sung, supertitled or otherwise transmitted in the course of “Dr. C (Or How I Learned to Act in Eight Steps),” presented by Theater Mitu at the 3LD Art & Technology Center.
ref: 2009 June 13, Daniel M. Gold, “Serious Thoughts About What’s Onstage”, in New York Times:
glosses: To surtitle.
gas giant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gas giants
Etymology: From gas + giant, coined by American science-fiction writer James Blish and first attested in 1952 in a rewritten version of his 1941 short story Solar Plexus.
Senses: examples: text: A quick glance over the boards revealed that there was a magnetic field of some strength near by, one that didn't belong to the invisible gas giant revolving half a million miles away.
ref: 1954, James Blish, “Solar Plexus”, in Beyond Human Ken, Random House, page 106:
text: Altanorch is a small but typical hydrogen-helium gas giant with no outstanding features. Its combination of strong magnetic field and relatively shallow gravity well make it a popular "stopover" world for discharging FTL drive cores.
ref: 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Altanorch:
text: In the past two years, NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope has located nearly 3,000 exoplanet candidates ranging from sub-Earth-sized minions to gas giants that dwarf our own Jupiter.
ref: 2013 May-June, Kevin Heng, “Why Does Nature Form Exoplanets Easily?”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 184:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
synonyms: gas giant planet
Jovian planet
glosses: A large planet composed mostly of gaseous hydrogen and helium, along with methane and ammonia; possibly with a solid core.
Hypernyms: giant planet
Hyponyms: Jupiter
Saturn
Coordinate terms: silicate planet
silicon planet
carbide planet
carbon planet
terrestrial planet
rocky planet
major planet
Related terms: word: ice giant
word: dwarf planet
word: minor planet
english: ice giant
translation: ice giant
word: Neptune
english: ice giant
translation: ice giant
word: Uranus
Local Bubble
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Local Bubble
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A cavity in the interstellar medium of the Orion Arm of the Milky Way estimated to be around 1,000 light years in diameter, with the Solar System sitting close to its centre; likely to be the result of a supernova which exploded in the last ten to twenty million years.
Related terms: Local Fluff
hot Jupiter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hot Jupiters
Senses: examples: text: Or, to put it a different way, the chance of finding a hot Jupiter is 100 times higher than the chance of finding a normal Jupiter, because it is 100 times closer to its parent star.
ref: 2010, James Kasting, How to Find a Habitable Planet, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 224:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
planetology
synonyms: pegasid
epistellar Jovian
hypernyms: jupiter
;
roaster
<
exoplanet
<
planet
coordinate_terms: hot Neptune
glosses: An exosolar planet whose characteristics are similar to Jupiter, but which orbits its parent star much more closely and thus has higher temperatures.
Radha
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Sanskrit राधा (rādhā).
Senses: glosses: Hindu goddess of love and devotion, Grand Consort of god Krishna, Avatar of Lakshmi.
glosses: A female given name from Sanskrit used in India.
yerks
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of yerk
yerking
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of yerk
yerked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɜː(ɹ)kt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of yerk
permeates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of permeate
permeating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: As a schoolboy in the Soviet Ukraine's second largest city of Kharkiv, (it was then spelled Kharkov in line with the all-permeating 'Russification'), I was a railway buff.
ref: 2024 September 4, Vitali Vitaliev, “A salute to Ukraine's 'Second Army'”, in RAIL, number 1017, page 46:
glosses: present participle and gerund of permeate
permeated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of permeate
wolf's bane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of wolfsbane.
flecks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /flɛks/
rhymes: -ɛks
homophone: flex
Senses: glosses: plural of fleck
flecks
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /flɛks/
rhymes: -ɛks
homophone: flex
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of fleck
syndicalism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: syndicalisms
Etymology: From French syndicalisme.
Senses: topics: government
human-sciences
ideology
philosophy
politics
sciences
socialism
antonyms: antisyndicalism
coordinate_terms: unionism
glosses: Control of both industry and government by labor unions, especially as achieved through revolutionary direct action; advocacy for attempts to bring it about.
Related terms: anarcho-syndicalism
national syndicalism
syndical
syndicalist
labor union
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: labor unions
form: labour union
Senses: glosses: A continuous association of wage-earners for the purpose of maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment; a trade union.
syndicalist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From syndical + -ist.
Senses: glosses: Of, relating to, supporting, or advocating syndicalism.
syndicalist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: syndicalists
Etymology: From syndical + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A person who advocates syndicalism.
Derived terms: anarcho-syndicalist
global dimming
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From global + dimming, modelled on global warming.
Senses: glosses: A worldwide decline, during the last few decades, of the intensity of the sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, caused by particulate air pollution.
labor unions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of labor union
anarcho-syndicalism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From anarcho- + syndicalism.
Senses: glosses: A branch or field of anarchism that focuses on the abolition of capitalism through the organization of revolutionary worker syndicates.
Related terms: anarchism
anarcho-syndicalist
pressuring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of pressure
pressuring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pressurings
Senses: examples: text: It is absolutely necessary that the individual possess a strong sense of religion, of the very essence of religion, to stop these pressurings on the part of the church.
ref: 2003, Louis Calaferte, Jean-Pierre Pauty, Willard Wood, The inner adventure: conversations:
glosses: An act or instance of somebody being pressured.
unbelievably
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more unbelievably
form: most unbelievably
Etymology: From unbelievable + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He gestured unbelievably. Everyone knew he was faking his illness.
text: Almost unbelievably, some authors have formed the erroneous conception that ‘Hobson-Jobson’ is actually the double-barrelled surname of the dictionary’s editor.
ref: 2018, James Lambert, “Setting the Record Straight: An In-depth Examination of Hobson-Jobson”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 31, number 4, →DOI, page 488:
topics: manner
glosses: In a manner that one does not or cannot believe.
examples: text: His face turned unbelievably blue. We realized he was actually choking.
qualifier: degree
glosses: To an extent not to be believed.
examples: text: Unbelievably, Rudy saved the man's life but got sued for breaking two of his ribs.
qualifier: evaluative
glosses: Contrary to expectations, amazingly.
Synonyms: incredibly
toweling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: towelings
form: towelling
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of towelling.
Derived terms: Turkish toweling
toweling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: towelling
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of towel
toweled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: towelled
Etymology: From towel + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: Although the Inferno’s toweled men do not appear in bath houses per se, they are surrounded by large numbers of partially clad, often athletic male bodies, just as they would have been in the Everard.
ref: 1997, Laura Auricchio, “Lifting the Veil: Robert Rauschenberg’s Thirty-Four Drawings for Dante’s Inferno and the Commercial Homoerotic Imagery of 1950s America”, in Thomas Foster, Carol Siegel, Ellen E. Berry, editors, The Gay ’90s: Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Formations in Queer Studies (Genders; 26), New York, N.Y.; London: New York University Press, →ISBN, part two (Interdisciplinary Readings), page 131:
text: The cross section of toweled women in the sauna included well-to-do housewives who were complaining about cleaning companies that were doing a “lousy job” for them and wishing they could find somebody “who did a really good job.”
ref: 1999, Gregory K. Ericksen, “Dorothy J. White—Miracle Services, Inc.: “If You Do a Good Job, Someone Will Notice””, in Women Entrepreneurs Only: 12 Women Entrepreneurs Tell the Stories of Their Success, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., →ISBN, page 136:
text: She looked up at the back of a strange toweled man, who stood at the sink.
ref: 2002, Shirley Harrison, The Proposition, Harlequin, →ISBN, page 164:
synonyms: betoweled
glosses: Wearing a towel.
toweled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: towelled
Etymology: From towel + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of towel
towelled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: toweled
Etymology: From towel + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: He tied the apron on with a little bow behind and strode to the big marble slab like a towelled man to a Turkish bath.
ref: 1963, William Sansom, “Hot and Cold”, in The London Magazine, page 11:
text: Thick atmospheres obscure the fuzzy figures surrounding, towelled men wearing flip-flops, smearing shaving gel across their chins, sighing.
ref: 2004, Rob Benvie, Safety of War, Coach House Books, →ISBN, page 21:
text: At the other end of the spectrum, Gunjal’s ‘Someday’ traces the movements of a modern young woman (signs of ‘modernity’ include cigarette smoking) from the shower (followed by a panel of two towelled women) to the streets where she is subjected to sexual harassment.
ref: 2020, Ruth Maxey, Paul McGarr, editors, India at 70: Multidisciplinary Approaches (Routledge Studies in Modern History), Routledge, →ISBN:
synonyms: betowelled
glosses: Wearing a towel.
glosses: Dried with a towel.
towelled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: toweled
Etymology: From towel + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of towel
towelling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: towellings
form: toweling
Senses: examples: text: My rule is to give for winter a linsey suit, one shirt of best towelling, one hat, one pair of shoes, a good blanket, costing $2 to $2 50, every other year […]
ref: 1852, J. D. B. De Bow, The Industrial Resources of the Southern and Western States:
glosses: Any fabric suitable for towels, such as huckaback or terry cloth.
glosses: A thrashing.
Derived terms: Turkish towelling
towelling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: toweling
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of towel
a few
Language: English
Part of speech: det
Pronunciation: ipa: /ə ˈfjuː/
Senses: examples: text: She loves to sing karaoke, but there are a few songs that she refuses to cover.
text: After a dismal few months my life at long last changed for the better.
text: "I don't want to spoil any comparison you are going to make," said Jim, "but I was at Winchester and New College." ¶ "That will do," said Mackenzie. "I was dragged up at the workhouse school till I was twelve. Then I ran away and sold papers in the streets, and anything else that I could pick up a few coppers by—except steal.[…]"
ref: 1909, Archibald Marshall [pseudonym; Arthur Hammond Marshall], chapter II, in The Squire’s Daughter, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead and Company, published 1919, →OCLC:
synonyms: a couple of
several#Determiner
antonyms: one#Determiner
;
zero#Determiner
no#Determiner
;
a lot of#Determiner
many#Determiner
numerous#Determiner
;
countless#Determiner
hypernyms: multiple#Determiner
various#Determiner
coordinate_terms: a handful of
;
a little#Determiner
glosses: A small number of (a set of countable items); more than one but not very many; especially, more than two but not very many (explained in usage note at several).
a few
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: ipa: /ə ˈfjuː/
Senses: examples: text: Regrets, I've had a few, but then again too few to mention.
text: Did everyone go home? ―No, a few (of them) are still chatting.
glosses: A small number of things.
Derived terms: quite a few
klik
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kliks
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of klick (“kilometer”).
methylbenzene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: methylbenzenes
Etymology: From methyl + benzene.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Synonym of toluene.
synonyms: word: toluene
phenylmethane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From phenyl + methane.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Synonym of toluene.
synonyms: word: toluene
tooth and nail
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: with tooth and nail
Etymology: From the Middle English phrase (with) nayles and teþ (“viciously, ferociously”, literally “(with) nails and teeth”).
Senses: examples: text: For a century, the two families fought tooth and nail over control of the land.
text: I shall fight tooth and nail for international copyright and stage-right, […] .
ref: a. 1884, Charles Reade, 1887, Charles L. Reade, Compton Reade, Charles Reade, Dramatist, Novelist, Journalist: A Memoir Compiled Chiefly from His Literary Remains, Volume 2, page 229
text: At that time, I was young in the Lord, stood firm on what I believed, and I fought tooth and nail for what I thought was right in my mind and with God.
ref: 2007, Patrick Bentley, The Birth of a Song, page 76:
text: The women struggle tooth and nail to gain office skills so they don't have to make Jell—O or pencils forever.
ref: 2008, Laura Schenone, The Lost Ravioli Recipes of Hoboken: A Search for Food and Family:
text: Jeremy DeLongpre: Yeah, about that Tony nomination. Richard DeLongpre: Yeah, apparently they don't nominate plays that are staged in our living room. Not over, fighting 'em tooth and nail on it.
ref: 2011 Allen Gregory, "Pilot" (season 1, episode 1)
text: In a second term Mr Obama’s administration is likely to press ahead with its struggle to hold for-profit colleges more accountable for their results: something the industry is fighting tooth and claw.
ref: 2012 October 6, “Education: Class Warfare”, in The Economist:
text: We are striving tooth and nail to kill anything remotely suggestive of the hulas of ancient Hawaii.
ref: 2012 November 29, Christine Skwiot, The Purposes of Paradise: U.S. Tourism and Empire in Cuba and Hawai'i:
text: "Ministers cannot continue to sit on their hands, hoping this dispute will go away. Our members are fully prepared to fight tooth-and-nail for a negotiated settlement," RMT General Secretary Mick Lynch has warned.
ref: 2023 March 8, Mel Holley, “TSSA accepts offer, but RMT sets new strike dates”, in RAIL, number 978, page 10:
synonyms: tooth and claw
tooth, fang, and claw
glosses: Viciously; with all one's strength or power; without holding back.
sluit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sluits
Senses: examples: text: At the distance of about sixty yards from me the deer stopped in the open sluit...
ref: 1833 American Turf Register and Sporting Magazine - Volume 5 - Page 300
text: Referring to the sketch, the patches in green represent the relative amount of land under irrigation, as compared with the extent of the various farms, which are watered each by its own water-sluit. These sluits have no dam-head or weir to hold a supply. The stream is merely guided into them, at any convenient place, by a few stones, sticks, and sods, which the first flood carries away, and which are not replaced till the water is again required for irrigation.
ref: 1857 The Cape Monthly Magazine - Volumes 1-2 - Page 131
text: 1908 The Agricultural Journal of the Cape of Good Hope
The ideal sluit-stopper seems to me a strong growing grass — not too much relished by stock, yet good food, a good rooter, working side shoots underground, and bearing close cropping, when required for food. If too much relished by stock, its value as a sluit-stopper and filler will be diminished. It must be tough, yet bendable when the sluit comes down, holding its own until the storm passes.
text: 1938 Prevention of Soil Erosion. Farming in So. Africa 3 : 965. September 1928.
The author discusses practical steps toward preventing soil erosion. After defining the different kinds of erosion he discusses the question of slope and its treatment including crops and permanent pasture, Mangum or ridge terraces and their construction, equipment, and cost. Methods of preventing gully or "sluit” erosion are given.
glosses: Alternative spelling of sloot.
raunch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɔːnt͡ʃ/
note: some accents
ipa: /ˈɹɑːntʃ/
rhymes: -ɔːntʃ
rhymes: -ɑːntʃ
Etymology: Back-formation from raunchy.
Senses: glosses: Low class condition or content; inferiority; inadequacy.
examples: text: These days, raunch is everywhere—not only on the internet and television, but on advertising hoardings and the sides of buses. Another online campaign is aimed at sanitising the covers of sub-pornographic “lads’ mags”.
ref: 2013 August 17, Bagehot, “Tits, out”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8849:
glosses: Dishonorable, base, and vulgar expression.
glosses: Socially unacceptable sexual behavior.
Derived terms: raunch out
blue law
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: blue laws
Etymology: Unknown.
Senses: examples: text: Years ago, because of the Blue Laws, we couldn't serve drinks on Sunday over the bar, so we set up tables in the aisles. And we'd have different acts on a stage up front.
ref: 1976 February 7, Rose Flower, quoting Jimmy McGrath, “Playland: The Friendliest Place In Town”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 32, page 13:
glosses: A restrictive religious-based law in colonial New England, especially preventing leisure activities on a Sunday.
examples: text: [I]t's actually a way around the Swiss blue laws demanding that shops close from Saturday afternoon until Monday morning. The laws apply everywhere but the airport, so they built a massive supermarket in the Swiss Air terminal.
ref: 2001, David Sedaris, diary entry January 22, in Theft by Finding, Back Bay Books 2017, p. 441
glosses: Any puritanical or restrictive law, especially one that prohibits or restricts commercial activity on a Sunday.
prolative case
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prolative cases
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A declension, in some languages, of a noun or pronoun that has the basic meaning of "by way of".
Synonyms: vialis case
prolative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -eɪtɪv
Forms: form: more prolative
form: most prolative
Etymology: From Latin prōlātīvus.
Senses: glosses: uttered
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: extending or completing a predication
prolative
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪtɪv
Forms: form: prolatives
Etymology: From Latin prōlātīvus.
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: the prolative case
cardio-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Etymology: From Ancient Greek καρδία (kardía, “heart”).
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to the heart.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to the cardia of the stomach.
veloce
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian veloce.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: (To be played) with great rapidity.
sirree
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sirrees
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of siree.
advocaat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈadvəkɑː/
Forms: form: advocaats
form: advocat
Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch advocaat (“liqueur”).
Senses: glosses: A Dutch liqueur made of egg yolks, sugar and strong liquor, typically brandy.
advocat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: advocats
Senses: examples: text: We were given tea by Jop's grandmother, and then she gave us a glass of advocat. She was a very excitable woman, but very glad to have us in her house. She somehow felt she was doing something to defeat the Germans.
ref: 1945, Leo Heaps, Escape from Arnhem: A Canadian Among the Lost Paratroops:
text: […] after consuming the Port, champagne, an ancient bottle of Advocat and a large bottle of cooking sherry (of which Mr Potts had had a not inconsiderable amount to fortify [her]) […]
ref: 1979, Jeremy Lloyd, The Continuing Adventures of Captain Gregory Dangerfield, Weidenfeld & Nicolson:
text: Gerry is arriving with a bottle of advocat, whiskey, vodka — lying on the grass joined by people on the clock. Colm appears over the tall grass with Keith galloping and laughing. Keith won't drink, he will smile.
ref: 1986, Ronit Lentin, James Liddy, Tomas O. Murchadha, Triad: Modern Irish Fiction, Irish Amer Book Company:
text: The final one was one that made her stop halfway through unscrewing her bottle of advocat. 'Hello, it's your dad, HAPPY CHRISTMAS, POPPET!!!! Hope you're—' And then the line went dead. Theo hadn't seen her father for over a year.
ref: 2012 March 15, Sarah Monk, Taking the Lead, Little Black Dress, →ISBN:
text: "How about a glass of advocat?" Hank waved a bottle of the yellow liquor at André. "Oh yes, please!" André relieved Hank of the bottle and went to pour out small glasses for each of the adults and glasses of lemonade for the children.
ref: 2014 January 22, Renny deGroot, Family Business, Toadhollow Publishing, →ISBN:
text: […] and drink some Sherry or Port, sometimes we would drink Advocat, another of Mum's favourites. Mum would serve us kids the Advocat with lots of lemonade, it was known as a snowball but not usually as weak as how Mum made it for us.
ref: 2018 August 24, Fielding, My Life so Far: The Story of a Common British Man Come Good, Partridge Publishing Singapore, →ISBN:
glosses: Alternative form of advocaat (“egg liqueur”).
complementing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of complement
complemented
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more complemented
form: most complemented
Senses: examples: text: The complemented palindromic structure has been postulated to allow the two halves of the complemented palindrome (separated or not) to fold and form complementary pairs.
ref: 1997, Dan Gusfield, Algorithms on Strings, Trees, and Sequences, page 140:
text: The substantial change in flicker-noise contributions from both input and non-input devices between the complemented and original OTA designs illustrates tthe complexity of low-flicker-noise design.
ref: 2008, David Binkley, Tradeoffs and Optimization in Analog CMOS Design, page 474:
text: Extract the odd bits [7, 5, 3, 1] of the complemented byte by using the same bit mask and shift the result one bit to thte right using 0 fill; this way we will obtain the complement of the odd bits positioned one bit to the right.
ref: 2012, William M. Spears, Diana F. Spears, Physicomimetics: Physics-Based Swarm Intelligence, page 316:
glosses: Having the complementary configuration.
Derived terms: complemented class
decomplemented
dicomplemented
hemicomplemented
orthocomplemented
pseudocomplemented
transcomplemented
uncomplemented
complemented
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of complement
extracellular matrices
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of extracellular matrix
musicale
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: musicales
Etymology: From the French soirée musicale.
Senses: examples: text: Mr. and Mrs. Hugh Dillman entertained two hundred guests this evening with a musicale at Playa Rienta, their ocean front home.
ref: 1928 February 12, “Palm Beach Society Dillmans' Guests”, in The New York Times, page 30:
glosses: A musical entertainment, usually private and typically involving classical music
muddle-headed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more muddle-headed
form: most muddle-headed
Etymology: From muddle + headed.
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: muddled, muddied
text: The Prime Minister provoked a backlash led by Sir Jonathon Porritt, chairman of the Government's Sustainable Development Commission, who said Mr Blair's leadership on the issue in Britain had been "patchy and muddle-headed".
ref: 2007 Jan. 10, The Independent
glosses: Characterized by vague or confused thinking: foolish, dull-witted, semi-conscious.
raw_tags: of persons or their thoughts
long-haul
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: American railroads are not permitted to operate long-haul road routes, but the I.C.C. decision of 1954 did permit them to solicit trailer business in, say, New York for Chicago provided the trailer was piggybacked in between.
ref: 1960 November, David Morgan, “"Piggyback"—U.S. success story”, in Trains Illustrated, page 683:
glosses: Alternative spelling of long haul.
long-haul
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: long-hauls
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of long haul.
long-haul
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: long-hauls
form: long-hauling
form: long-hauled
form: long-hauled
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of longhaul.
skin deep
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of skin-deep.
glandular fever
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glandular fevers
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Mononucleosis.
Hypernyms: fever
break-even point
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: break-even points
form: breakeven point
Senses: topics: business
management
glosses: The point where total costs equal total revenue and the organization neither makes a profit nor suffers a loss.
Synonyms: topics: business
management
word: BEP
topics: business
management
word: break-even
Related terms: marginal cost
unit cost
ventricles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ventricle
timider
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of timid: more timid
timidest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of timid: most timid
loathes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of loathe
social group
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: social groups
Senses: glosses: A collection of humans or animals who share certain characteristics, interact with one another, accept expectations and obligations as members of the group, and share a common identity.
inoculates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of inoculate
inoculates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of inoculate
vaccines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of vaccine
protists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of protist
inoculating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of inoculate
inoculated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of inoculate
subprofessional
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more subprofessional
form: most subprofessional
Etymology: From sub- + professional.
Senses: examples: text: His subprofessional workmanship led me to decide to never hire him again.
glosses: Not meeting the quality standards expected of a professional.
subprofessional
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: subprofessionals
Etymology: From sub- + professional.
Senses: glosses: A person working at less than professional level.
stultification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stultifications
Senses: glosses: The process of stultifying.
glosses: The state of being stultified.
Derived terms: self-stultification
stonewashed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From stone + washed.
Senses: examples: text: I buy stonewashed jeans because they are comfortable, not because they are stylish.
glosses: Of cloth or clothing, having been tumbled with stones in order to soften the fabric.
Related terms: stonewash
stonewashing
stony-faced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more stony-faced
form: most stony-faced
Senses: examples: text: […]would Iran’s players sing their national anthem, which is seen as a gesture in support of the regime? To a man, the answer was a stony-faced no.
ref: 21 November 2022, David Hytner, “England open World Cup in style with Bukayo Saka double in 6-2 rout of Iran”, in The Guardian:
synonyms: stone-faced
glosses: Showing no (or little) expression of emotion; poker-faced.
storekeeper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: storekeepers
Etymology: From store + keeper.
Senses: examples: text: When this conversation was repeated in detail within the hearing of the young woman in question, and undoubtedly for his benefit, Mr. Trevor threw shame to the winds and scandalized the Misses Brewster then and there by proclaiming his father to have been a country storekeeper.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter V, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
glosses: One who runs a shop, either the owner or manager.
examples: text: a naval storekeeper
glosses: One who is in charge of stores or goods of any kind.
glosses: Any unsaleable item.
Synonyms: shopkeeper
Related terms: bookstorekeeper
storekeepers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of storekeeper
stoutness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stoutnesses
Etymology: From stout + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being stout.
glosses: The result or product of being stout.
straddler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: straddlers
Etymology: From straddle + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone who straddles.
straddlers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of straddler
straightly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more straightly
form: most straightly
Etymology: From Middle English streightly, streightli, streiȝtli, equivalent to straight + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a straight manner; without curve or bend.
examples: text: […] I was directing my course towards it, as straightly and as speedily as the windings of a very indifferent road would permit, […]
ref: 1817 December 31 (indicated as 1818), [Walter Scott], chapter V, in Rob Roy. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 92:
glosses: Without deviation; directly.
examples: text: [W]hẽ the vnclene ſpritꝭ ſawe him⸝ they fell doune before him⸝ and cryed ſayinge: thou arte the ſonne of God: And he ſtreyghtly charged thẽ that they ſhulde not vtter him.
ref: 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Mark iij:[12], folio xlvij, recto:
english: [W]hen the unclean spirits saw him [Jesus], they fell down before him, and cried saying: thou art the son of God: And he straightly charged them that they should not utter him.
translation: [W]hen the unclean spirits saw him [Jesus], they fell down before him, and cried saying: thou art the son of God: And he straightly charged them that they should not utter him.
bold_translation_offsets: 121
131
text: After an hour or so the veil lifted and discovered beneath it fifty horsemen, ravening lions to the sight, in steel armour dight. We observed them straightly, and lo! they were cutters-off of the highway, wild as wild Arabs.
ref: 1885, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, chapter XII, in A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume I, [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC, page 114:
glosses: Immediately; straightaway.
strongbox
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: strongboxes
Etymology: From strong + box. Compare French coffre-fort.
Senses: examples: text: An inroad on the strongbox, or an erasure in the ledger, or a missummation in a fitted account, could hardly have surprised him more disagreeably.
ref: 1817 December 31 (indicated as 1818), [Walter Scott], Rob Roy. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC:
glosses: A sturdy box with a lock, for storing valuables.
Synonyms: sense: sturdy box with a lock
word: safe
sense: sturdy box with a lock
word: safebox
strongboxes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of strongbox
blue laws
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of blue law
stockily
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more stockily
form: most stockily
Etymology: From stocky + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a stocky manner.
cunnies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cunny
glosses: plural of cunnie
Utahn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːtɑːn/
ipa: /ˈjuːtɔːn/
rhymes: -uːtɑːn
Forms: form: Utahns
form: Utahan
Etymology: From Utah + -n.
Senses: examples: text: This great honor, Mr. Harwood was the first Utahn to receive.
ref: 1901, Alice Merrill Horne, “State Exhibition of Art Fabrics”, in Improvement Era,, volume 5, number 1:
text: No Utahn has ever sung his way into celebrity.
ref: 1926, Bernard De Voto, “Utah”, in American Mercury:
glosses: A native or resident of the state of Utah in the United States of America.
Hypernyms: American
Utahn
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːtɑːn/
ipa: /ˈjuːtɔːn/
rhymes: -uːtɑːn
Forms: form: Utahan
Etymology: From Utah + -n.
Senses: glosses: Relating to Utah.
silvan
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more silvan
form: most silvan
Etymology: See sylvan.
Senses: examples: text: Broke by the jutting land, on either side, / In double streams the briny waters glide, / Betwixt two rows of rocks: a silvan scene / Appears above, and groves for ever green: […]
ref: 1806, Virgil, “Æneis, Book I”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil, Translated into English Verse … A New Edition; with Remarks on the “Corrections” of Dr. [John] Carey, new edition, volume II, London: Printed for J. Johnson [et al.], →OCLC, lines 231–234:
text: We were now within the boundaries of Minnesota, and this prairie was yet the habitation of Wapasha (Red Leaf) and his Sioux band. I never beheld a more charming silvan picture than this prairie presented; […]
ref: 1853 July, [Benson John Lossing], “Sketches on the Upper Mississippi”, in Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, volume VII, number XXXVIII, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, publishers, 329 & 331 Pearl Street, Franklin Square, →OCLC, page 182, column 2:
glosses: Alternative spelling of sylvan.
Related terms: silvicolous
silviculture
arboreal
nemorous
silvan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: See sylvanium.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: tellurium
VOC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɒk
Forms: form: VOCs
Senses: examples: text: […] liquid membrane-forming compound for curing and sealing compliant with ASTM C1315 requirements (there are no VOC requirements with this option)
ref: 2025 September 2, “2026 American Society of Civil Engineers Concrete Canoe Competiton Request for Proposals”, in ASCE, archived from the original on 07 Sep 2025, page 29:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Initialism of volatile organic compound.
topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: V_(OC): initialism of open-circuit voltage.
topics: biology
microbiology
natural-sciences
virology
glosses: Initialism of variant of concern.
topics: broadcasting
media
glosses: Initialism of voiceover credits.
VOC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: -ɒk
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Initialism of Vancouver Organizing Committee; the organizer of the 2010 Vancouver Olympics.
topics: broadcasting
media
radio
glosses: Initialism of Voice of Canada; former name of RCI (Radio Canada International).
topics: broadcasting
media
television
glosses: Initialism of Voice of China; international cultural television programming from China.
Synonyms: sense: Vancouver Organizing Committee
word: VANOC
Related terms: sense: variant of concern
word: VOI
raw_tags: of interest
sense: variant of concern
english: variant under investigation
translation: variant under investigation
word: VUI
sense: volatile organic compound
english: volatile sulphur compound/volatile sulfur compound
translation: volatile sulphur compound/volatile sulfur compound
word: VSC
megrims
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Thou art properly my cephalick ſnuff, and art no bad medicine againſt megrims, vertigoes, and profound thinking—ha, ha, ha.
ref: 1766, George Colman, David Garrick, The Clandestine Marriage, a Comedy. […], London: […] T. Becket and P. A. De Hondt, […]; R[oberts] Baldwin, […]; R. Davis, […]; and T[homas] Davies, […], →OCLC, Act IV, scene ii, page 58:
text: I'm not myself, of course, an idealistic girl in love with a member of the staff of the Thursday Review and never have been, but if I were I know I'd get the megrims somewhat severely if I caught [my fiancé] in a clinch with anyone as personable as this stepdaughter of Aubrey Upjohn, for though shaky on the IQ, physically she was a pipterino of the first water.
ref: 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
glosses: Chiefly preceded by the: depression, low spirits, unhappiness.
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
pathology
sciences
veterinary
zoology
glosses: Any of various diseases of animals, especially horses, marked by a disturbance of equilibrium and abnormal gait and behaviour such as staggers or a sudden vertigo, sometimes followed by unconsciousness; the staggers.
megrims
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of megrim
xylophones
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of xylophone
xylophones
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of xylophone