cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
chapati
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /t͡ʃəˈpæti/
ipa: /t͡ʃəˈpɑːti/
rhymes: -æti
Forms: form: chapatis
form: chapatti
form: chupati
form: chupatti
Etymology: From Hindi चपाती (capātī), from Sanskrit चर्पटी (carpaṭī). From a derivative of Sanskrit *चर्प (carpa, “flat”).
Senses: examples: text: Princess Jeeta fed me dozens of the hot kebabs I loved, which I coated with mango chutney and wrapped in chapati.
ref: 1990, Hanif Kureishi, chapter 4, in The Buddha of Suburbia, London; Boston: Faber and Faber, →ISBN, page 52:
text: Purvi breaks her chapati into small pieces and scatters them around her plate.
ref: 2020, Avni Doshi, Burnt Sugar, Hamish Hamilton, page 120:
glosses: A flat, unleavened bread from northern India and Pakistan.
Related terms: naan
paratha
phulka
puri
roti
paratha
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: parathas
form: parantha
form: parauntha
form: parotha
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi पराठा (parāṭhā).
Senses: examples: text: “It was homemade parathas with keema mattar — ground lamb with peas.
ref: 2009 March 4, Elaine Louie, “The Temporary Vegetarian: Chana Punjabi”, in New York Times:
text: Gerry ordered poppadoms and parathas and then he was interrupted by requests for vindaloos, chicken madrases and sag joshes, rice, raita and nan, from Priest, Morgan and Maria Grazia.
ref: 2002, Desmond Barry, A Bloody Good Friday, page 157:
glosses: an Indian bread with a texture somewhat resembling puff pastry; sometimes stuffed with vegetables etc.
exposition
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛkspəˈzɪʃən/
Forms: form: expositions
Etymology: From Middle English exposicioun, from Old French esposicion, from Latin expositiō, from expōnere (“to put forth”). The sense meaning "exhibition" is a later semantic loan from French exposition.
Senses: glosses: The action of exposing something to something, such as skin to the sunlight.
examples: text: This essay has too much exposition in it.
text: My reviewer said she couldn't picture the setting for my story, so I'm improving the exposition.
topics: authorship
broadcasting
communications
film
journalism
literature
media
publishing
television
writing
hypernyms: explanation
glosses: The act or process of declaring or describing something through either speech or writing, in nonfiction or in fiction; the portions and aspects of a piece of writing that exist mainly to describe or explain a set of things (such as, in fiction, the setting, characters and other non-plot elements).
glosses: The act of expulsion, or being expelled, from a place.
examples: text: The first prototype was unveiled at an exposition.
glosses: An exhibition, especially of goods, artwork or cultural displays to the public.
examples: text: I turned my research into an exposition on the traditional music of Borneo.
topics: authorship
broadcasting
communications
film
journalism
literature
media
publishing
television
writing
coordinate_terms: disquisition
dissertation
treatise
glosses: An essay or speech in which any topic is discussed in detail.
topics: authorship
broadcasting
communications
film
journalism
literature
media
publishing
television
writing
glosses: An opening section in fiction, in which background information about the characters, events or setting is conveyed.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The opening section of a movement in sonata form; the opening section of a fugue.
glosses: The abandonment of an unwanted child.
Derived terms: counterexposition
expo
expositional
expositionary
misexposition
sexposition
Related terms: exposé
exposit
expositive
expository
explanation
exegesis
boink
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɔɪŋk/
rhymes: -ɔɪŋk
homophone: BOINC
Forms: form: boinks
form: boinking
form: boinked
form: boinked
Etymology: Onomatopoeic (cf. yoink and bonk).
Senses: examples: text: Max was boinking Jane in the bathroom of the bar.
text: Think he's boinking her?
ref: 1997, Tim Burns, Tom Stern, An American Werewolf in Paris, spoken by Brad (Vince Vieluf):
text: Yeah, but you gotta have stories. I mean, I've had my share of losers, but you… you boinked the undead.
ref: 1998, Doug Petrie, “Revelations”, in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, season 3, episode 7, spoken by Faith (Eliza Dushku):
glosses: To have sexual intercourse (with); to bonk.
glosses: To hit or strike.
Synonyms: bang
get it on
have sex
copulate
copulate with
Derived terms: boinkfest
boinky
bork
shaboink
boink
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɔɪŋk/
rhymes: -ɔɪŋk
homophone: BOINC
Forms: form: boinks
Etymology: Onomatopoeic (cf. yoink and bonk).
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A real-world social gathering of computer users.
examples: text: Max and Jane had a quick boink in the bathroom.
glosses: Sexual intercourse.
glosses: A sound of something hitting or bouncing off a surface, similar to plunk, but with more connotations of bounciness.
all-American
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ôl′ə-mĕr′ĭ-kən
ipa: /ˌɔːl əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/
ipa: /ˌɔl əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən/
Forms: form: all-Americans
Etymology: From all- + American. Americanism first recorded in the 1880s; the substantive usage originating early on as an ellipsis of all-American athlete, player, team; thereafter transferred to apply broadly to people or things as in All-American boy, girl, family.
Senses: examples: text: He was regarded by the other soldiers as an all-American for his courage in battle.
text: When asked whether Gap, Inc. would still gain acceptance as an "all-American" if its brand manufacturing process was switched significantly abroad, given its customer loyalty and the reputation that it has already established, respondents said the brand would probably no longer be seen as all-American, which would be detrimental to the brand since it still has a stronger presence in the American market than its overseas market.
ref: 2013, Eulalia Wycoff, Rajeev Sooreea, “How ‘American’ are ‘All-American’ Brands?: A Case of Gap, Inc. as ‘Made in America’ Brand”, in Anshu Saxena Arora, editor, International Business Realisms: Globalizing Locally Responsive and Internationally Connected Business Disciplines (International Marketing and Management Research), New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 80–81:
glosses: A person or thing regarded as embodying the ideal qualities of the United States of America; typically American; (specifically) a person from the United States who is courageous, heroic, honest, wholesome, etc.
glosses: Ellipsis of all-American athlete, player, team (chiefly sports), all-American boy, girl, person, or family (loosely, transferred sense)
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
synonyms: All-America
glosses: Alternative letter-case form of All-American.
black arts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of black art
appetiser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: appetisers
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of appetizer.
bittersweet
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɪtɚˌswit/
ipa: [ˈbɪɾɚˌswiʔt̚]
ipa: /ˌbɪtɚˈswit/
rhymes: -iːt
Forms: form: more bittersweet
form: most bittersweet
form: bitter-sweet
Etymology: From Middle English bitterswete, biterswete, equivalent to bitter + sweet. Cognate with Saterland Frisian bitterswäit (“bittersweet”), West Frisian bittersoet (“bittersweet”), Dutch bitterzoet (“bittersweet”), German bittersüß (“bittersweet”), Danish bittersød (“bittersweet”), Swedish bittersöt (“bittersweet”).
Senses: examples: text: bittersweet chocolate
text: The dark green mooncake is loaded with matcha-infused salted egg yolk custard, which gives a bittersweet taste.
ref: 2016 August 21, Kenneth Goh, “Roll over, chocolate lava cakes — here come lava mooncakes”, in The Straits Times:
glosses: Both bitter and sweet.
examples: text: The break-up was very bittersweet; they both hurt to end it, but were glad it was over.
text: […] sensations of this kind, however delicious, are, at their first recognition, of a very tumultuous nature, and have very little of the opiate in them. They were, moreover, in the present case, embittered with certain circumstances, which being mixed with sweeter ingredients, tended altogether to compose a draught that might be termed bitter-sweet […]
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, chapter III, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
text: Her eyes still shone upon the ground, and still she prolonged the bittersweet delight at seeing this humiliation of both soul and body by asking the one question whose reply would complete her sad success.
ref: 1863, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, Pauline's Passion and Punishment:
text: He sat beside the busy street,
There, where he last had seen her face:
And thronging memories, bitter-sweet,
Seemed yet to haunt the ancient place:
ref: 1898, Lewis Carroll, “Three Sunsets”, in Three Sunsets and Other Poems:
text: While the final festivities were bittersweet, David and Lisa insisted on a party rather than a funeral.
ref: 2020 January 16, Diana Hubbell, “Bittersweet Berlin goodbye as Clärchens Ballhaus faces uncertain future”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: The public has complicated feelings about our decision to end this trial before it ever began, and that’s OK. It’s bittersweet for us, too.
ref: 2023 April 21, John Poulos, “Dominion’s C.E.O.: Why We Settled the Lawsuit Against Fox News”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Expressing contrasting emotions of pain and pleasure.
glosses: Of bittersweet color (see the noun section, below).
Derived terms: bittersweetly
bittersweetness
bittersweet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɪtɚˌswit/
ipa: [ˈbɪɾɚˌswiʔt̚]
ipa: /ˌbɪtɚˈswit/
rhymes: -iːt
Forms: form: bittersweets
form: bitter-sweet
Etymology: From Middle English bitterswete, biterswete, equivalent to bitter + sweet. Cognate with Saterland Frisian bitterswäit (“bittersweet”), West Frisian bittersoet (“bittersweet”), Dutch bitterzoet (“bittersweet”), German bittersüß (“bittersweet”), Danish bittersød (“bittersweet”), Swedish bittersöt (“bittersweet”).
Senses: examples: text: Bitter ſweete bringeth foorth wooddie ſtalks as doth the Vine, parted into many ſlender creeping braunches, by which it climeth and taketh holde of hedges and ſhrubbes next vnto it. […] Bitter ſweet doth grow in moiſt places about ditches, riuers, and hedges, almoſt euery where.
ref: 1597, John Gerarde [i.e., John Gerard], “Of Bitter Sweete, or Woode Nightshade”, in The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes. […], London: […] Edm[und] Bollifant, for Bonham and Iohn Norton, →OCLC, book II, pages 278–279:
glosses: Bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara).
examples: text: I had once before visited these three villages, Skedans, Tanoo and Cumshewa. The bitter-sweet of their overwhelming loneliness created a longing to return to them.
ref: 1941, Emily Carr, chapter 18, in Klee Wyck:
glosses: Bittersweetness.
examples: text: Over by the creek-bed scarlet-flamed sumac shouldered the silver-green of the willows, and orange-colored bittersweet crept through the tangle of wild plums.
ref: 1935, Bess Streeter Aldrich, chapter 43, in Spring Came on Forever:
glosses: A vine, of the genus Celastrus, having small orange fruit that open to reveal red seeds.
examples: text: "They had a good crop of bitter-sweets, they couldn’t grind them all"—nodding towards an orchard where some heaps of apples had been left lying ever since the ingathering.
ref: 1886 May – 1887 April, Thomas Hardy, chapter VI, in The Woodlanders […], volume I, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 1887, →OCLC, page 99:
glosses: A variety of apple with a bittersweet taste.
glosses: Any variety of clam in the family Glycymerididae
glosses: A pinkish-orange color. Any color in between scarlet and orange.
Derived terms: taxonomic: Celastrus scandens
word: American bittersweet
taxonomic: Celastrus orbiculatus
word: oriental bittersweet
creativity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɹieɪˈtɪvɪti/
ipa: /kɹieɪˈtɪvəti/
ipa: /-ɾi/
Forms: form: creativities
Etymology: From creative + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: His creativity is unsurpassed by his fellow students in the art class.
text: Netherlands, one of the pre-tournament favourites, combined their undoubted guile, creativity, pace and attacking quality with midfield grit and organisation.
ref: 2012 June 9, Owen Phillips, “Euro 2012: Netherlands 0 – 1 Denmark”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 04 Nov 2016:
glosses: The ability to use imagination to produce a novel idea or product.
Synonyms: sense: ability to create or invent
word: creativeness
sense: ability to create or invent
word: originality
Derived terms: anticreativity
cocreativity
hypercreativity
noncreativity
uncreativity
Related terms: create
creatify
creation
creative
creatively
creativeness
creativize
genius
often associated with creativity
categorisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: categorisations
Etymology: From category + -isation.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of categorization.
Derived terms: autocategorisation
miscategorisation
Related terms: categorise
Freud
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɹɔɪd/
rhymes: -ɔɪd
Senses: glosses: A surname from German.
examples: text: To assert that morality is self-evident and that one had never done a mean thing are strangely revealing statements to come from the lips of a person whose object of study was man, himself included. It reflects, I believe, Freud's unshakable determination to be a moralist in the guise of a scientist. In this endeavor, he succeeded only too well: as a cryptomoralist, Freud became the founder of a sort of secular religion which has had immense influence on popular contemporary thought and life. [...]
ref: 1974, Thomas S. Szasz, M.D., chapter 9, in The Myth of Mental Illness, →ISBN, page 153:
glosses: Sigmund Freud, Austrian neurologist, psychotherapist, and founder of psychoanalysis.
Coordinate terms: Jung
Derived terms: Freudian
Freudiana
Freudianism
Freudian slip
Freudism
Freud squad
ramble
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹæmbəl/
rhymes: -æmbəl
Forms: form: rambles
Etymology: An altered form (with dissimilation of mm to mb) of dialectal rammle, from Middle English *ramlen, *ramelen, frequentative of Middle English ramen (“to roam, ramble”); compare Swedish ramla (“to stumble; fall; make a noise; rumble”), Danish ramle (“to stumble; collapse; thunder; boom”); equivalent to roam + -le.
"mid-15 c., perhaps frequentative of 'romen' 'to walk, go' perhaps via 'romblen' (late 14 c.) 'to ramble.' The vowel change perhaps by influence of Middle Dutch 'rammelen,' a derivative of 'rammen' 'copulate,' 'used of the night wanderings of the amorous cat.' Meaning 'to talk or write incoherently' is from 1630s".
Senses: examples: text: Marianne was prevailed upon to join her sisters in their usual walk, instead of wandering away by herself. Hitherto she had carefully avoided every companion in her rambles. If her sisters intended to walk on the downs, she directly stole away towards the lanes;[…]
ref: 1811, Jane Austen, chapter 16, in Sense and Sensibility:
text: The place was a favourite with all, and the ramble in this quarter was quite a regular custom of the afternoon with the fair heiress of Colonel Walton in particular.
ref: 1835, William Gilmore Simms, The Partisan, Harper, Chapter XI, page 138:
glosses: A leisurely stroll; a recreational walk in the countryside.
glosses: A rambling; an instance of someone talking at length without direction.
topics: business
mining
glosses: A bed of shale over the seam of coal.
examples: text: Someone proposed that we play in one of the small clearings in a gay crusing ^([sic]) area in Central Park called the rambles.
ref: 1981 April 25, 10, “Growth Of A Gay Soccer League”, in Gay Community News, page 10:
glosses: A section of woodland suitable for leisurely walking.
ramble
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹæmbəl/
rhymes: -æmbəl
Forms: form: rambles
form: rambling
form: rambled
form: rambled
Etymology: An altered form (with dissimilation of mm to mb) of dialectal rammle, from Middle English *ramlen, *ramelen, frequentative of Middle English ramen (“to roam, ramble”); compare Swedish ramla (“to stumble; fall; make a noise; rumble”), Danish ramle (“to stumble; collapse; thunder; boom”); equivalent to roam + -le.
"mid-15 c., perhaps frequentative of 'romen' 'to walk, go' perhaps via 'romblen' (late 14 c.) 'to ramble.' The vowel change perhaps by influence of Middle Dutch 'rammelen,' a derivative of 'rammen' 'copulate,' 'used of the night wanderings of the amorous cat.' Meaning 'to talk or write incoherently' is from 1630s".
Senses: glosses: To move about aimlessly, or on a winding course.
glosses: To walk for pleasure; to amble or saunter.
examples: 1994, Richard Thompson, “Beeswing”
We was drinking more in those days and tempers reached a pitch
And like a fool I let her run with the rambling itch
glosses: To lead the life of a vagabond or itinerant; to move about with no fixed place of address.
examples: text: Francine has a tendency to ramble when it gets to be late in the evening.
text: She often rambles about bees' behavior, both in the hive and in the field.
text: Usually I don't mind listening to her ramble on a bit; it can be soothing.
text: Last night she was rambling on about horticultural methods, which was so soothing that I nodded off.
qualifier: about
glosses: To talk or write incessantly, unclearly, or incoherently, with many digressions.
examples: text: The river rambled through the mountains.
glosses: To follow a winding path or course.
Synonyms: sense: talk or write unclearly, or incoherently
word: drivel
sense: talk or write unclearly, or incoherently
word: sperg
scales
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skeɪlz/
rhymes: -eɪlz
Senses: glosses: plural of scale
scales
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /skeɪlz/
rhymes: -eɪlz
Senses: examples: text: The butcher put the sausages on the scales.
synonyms: scale
glosses: A device for measuring weight.
Derived terms: bathroom scales
beam and scales
scales of justice
thumb on the scales
tip the scales
tip the scales at
weighing scales
Related terms: balance
spring balance
weighing machine
scales
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /skeɪlz/
rhymes: -eɪlz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of scale
nanmu
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Mandarin 楠木 (nánmù).
Senses: glosses: wood of the tree Phoebe nanmu (or several other similar) that was once used for boat building, architectural woodworking and wood art in China
fondue
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɒnduː/
ipa: /fɑnˈdu/
Forms: form: fondues
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French fondue (“melted”), from fondre (“to melt”).
Senses: examples: text: a Swiss fondue
glosses: A dish made of melted cheese, or chocolate etc., or of a boiling liquid into which food can be dipped.
Derived terms: fondue fork
fondue
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɒnduː/
ipa: /fɑnˈdu/
Forms: form: fondues
form: fonduing
form: fondueing
form: fondued
form: fondued
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French fondue (“melted”), from fondre (“to melt”).
Senses: glosses: To prepare or serve as a fondue.
Related terms: fondant
fondu
cmene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: Lojban-like
ipa: /ˈʃme.ne/
Forms: form: cmene
Etymology: From Lojban.
Senses: examples: text: Cmene are always written with a period at the end, and if they start with a vowel then also with a period at the beginning.
text: These minor restrictions are due to the fact that all Lojban cmene embedded in a speech stream will be preceded by one of these words or by a pause. With one of these words embedded, the cmene might break up into valid Lojban words followed by a shorter cmene.
ref: 1997, John W. Cowan, The Complete Lojban Language, →ISBN:
text: I removed from the frequency list all cmene and unknown lujvo and cmavo.
ref: a. 2001, Chris Double, https://web.archive.org/web/20050910052916/http://www.double.co.nz/lojban/ http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.double.co.nz/lojban/
text: cmene always end with a consonant followed by a mandatory pause (a period). No other Lojban word ends with a consonant.
ref: 2005, Xah Lee, Learn Lojban Fast:
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A proper name, or proper noun, respelled according to Lojban rules; reckoned as a part of speech separate from brivla (content words) and cmavo (function words).
Coordinate terms: english: content words
translation: content words
word: brivla
english: structure words ie: conjunctions, prepositions, articles, numerals, and some adverbs
translation: structure words ie: conjunctions, prepositions, articles, numerals, and some adverbs
word: cmavo
Related terms: english: loanword
translation: loanword
word: fu'ivla
foresight
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɔɹsaɪt/
ipa: /ˈfɔːsaɪt/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /ˈfo(ː)ɹsaɪt/
note: non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /ˈfoəsaɪt/
homophone: Forsyte (horse–hoarse merger)
Forms: form: foresights
Etymology: From Middle English forsight, forsyght, forsichte (since 14th c.), a calque from providentia equivalent to fore- + sight. Compare Scots foresicht (“foresight”), Saterland Frisian Foarsicht (“caution”), West Frisian foarútsjoch (“foresight”), Dutch voorzicht (“foresight”), German Vorsicht (“caution; care; attention”).
Senses: examples: text: Having the foresight to prepare an evacuation plan may have saved their lives.
text: The rugged forhead that with graue foreſight / Welds kingdomes cauſes, & affaires of ſtate; […]
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 1, page 1:
text: In the dead state all is apparently without motion. No agent within indicates design, intelligence, or foresight: […]
ref: 1822, John Barclay, chapter I, in An Inquiry Into the Opinions, Ancient and Modern, Concerning Life and Organization, Edinburgh; London: Bell & Bradfute; Waugh & Innes; G. & W. B. Whittaker, section I, page 2:
text: The specifiers of the Freightliner network had the foresight to base the rail journey on carrying ISO containers which are 8ft wide and originally 8ft tall (although now increased to a height of 9ft 6ins), with a variety of lengths.
ref: 2020 May 20, Industry Insider, “An online boost for freight”, in Rail, page 68:
glosses: The ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future.
glosses: The front sight on a rifle or similar weapon.
topics: geography
natural-sciences
surveying
glosses: A bearing taken forwards towards a new object.
Synonyms: sense: ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
word: prescience
sense: ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
word: foreknowledge
sense: ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
word: divination
sense: ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
word: clairvoyance
sense: ability to foresee or prepare wisely for the future
word: prophecy
Derived terms: foresighted
foresightful
foresightless
foresightly
foresighty
Related terms: foresee
backsight
peroration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɛɹəˈɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: perorations
Etymology: From Latin perōrō (“I speak at length, I conclude a speech”) (from per- (“very”) + ōrō (“I speak, I orate”) (English orate)) + -ation (“action (nominalizer)”) (from Latin -ātiō).
Senses: examples: text: This passage is virtually the peroration of the Ethics; the few paragraphs that follow are concerned with the transition to politics.
ref: 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.20:
text: The young man achieved perfect timing, for the last word of his peroration coincided with the muffled clap of the doors closing, after having launched the coffin onto the rails of a subterranean railway.
ref: 1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 480:
text: His peroration, to which, he [JD Vance] said, he had given much thought, would feature, for his mic drop, a pearl of wisdom from “the great prophet and statesman” Richard Milhous Nixon.
ref: 2025 April 26, Simon Schama, “The war on knowledge”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 1:
glosses: The concluding section of a discourse, either written or oral, in which the orator or writer sums up and commends his topic to his audience, particularly as used in the technical sense of a component of ancient Roman oratorical delivery.
examples: text: Nephew, what means this passionate discourse,
This peroration with such circumstance?
ref: 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
glosses: A discourse or rhetorical argument in general.
Derived terms: perorational
Related terms: oration
soy bean
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: soy beans
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of soybean.
snow pea
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: snow peas
Senses: synonyms: word: mangetout
word: sugar pea
coordinate_terms: snap pea
sugar snap pea
glosses: A group of pea (Pisum sativum) cultivars, with flat and edible pods.
speciation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌspi.siˈeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ˌspi.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: speciations
Etymology: From speciate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: In both groups, however, we find copious and intricate speciation so that, often, species limits are narrow and ill defined.
ref: 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 3:
text: No one had ever seen a new species produced, nor, according to Darwin, should they expect to. Speciation was so drawn out as to be, for all intents and purposes unobservable.
ref: 2014, Elizabeth Kolbert, The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History, Picador, →ISBN, page 55:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
taxonomy
glosses: The process by which new distinct species evolve.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The formation of different (inorganic) species (especially of ions) as the environment changes.
examples: requirements specifying speciation and serotyping in addition to reporting of presence or absence
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: The determination of which species are present in a fluid or tissue specimen, bacterial culture, or viral culture.
Derived terms: hybrid speciation
microspeciation
speciational
speciation event
subspeciation
Related terms: word: specialization
sense: types of speciation
word: allochronic
sense: types of speciation
word: allopatric
sense: types of speciation
word: parapatric
sense: types of speciation
word: peripatric
sense: types of speciation
word: sympatric
intelligibility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
ipa: /ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒəˈbɪl.ə.ti/
ipa: [ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒəˈbɪl.ɪ.ɾi]
ipa: [ɪnˌtɛl.ə.d͡ʒəˈbɪl.ə.ɾi]
Forms: form: intelligibilities
Etymology: From intelligible + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: Figure 8.1 shows the students' perceptions of the NSE and NNSE varieties in terms of intelligibility. […]
ref: 2016, Noor Azam Haji-Othman, James McLellan, David Deterding, The Use and Status of Language in Brunei Darussalam: A Kingdom of Unexpected Linguistic Diversity, Springer, →ISBN, page 104:
glosses: That which is intelligible; the degree to which something is intelligible.
glosses: The quality of recorded speech of every word being understandable.
Synonyms: sense: degree of being intelligible
word: clearness
sense: degree of being intelligible
word: explicitness
sense: degree of being intelligible
word: lucidity
sense: degree of being intelligible
word: comprehensibility
sense: degree of being intelligible
word: perspicuity
sense: degree of being intelligible
word: legibility
sense: degree of being intelligible
word: plain speaking
Derived terms: unintelligibility
H₂O
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌeɪt͡ʃtuːˈoʊ/
Etymology: Two H initials (Hishammuddin Hussein) represented by H₂ + O for Onn, chosen to humorously match the chemical formula for water.
Senses: topics: government
politics
glosses: Hishammuddin Hussein Onn, Malaysian politician and son of Hussein Onn, third prime minister of Malaysia.
black widow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: black widows
Senses: glosses: Any of several species of venomous and potentially deadly spiders, particularly Latrodectus spp.
glosses: A woman who kills one or more of her lovers.
glosses: A female suicide bomber, sometimes one intending to avenge her husband who was killed.
Hyponyms: sense: spider
word: Latrodectus mactans
sense: spider
word: Latrodectus hesperus
sense: spider
english: selected species
translation: selected species
word: Latrodectus variolus
Derived terms: black widow knee slide
Related terms: word: katipo
word: redback
HF
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Initialism of high frequency.
Derived terms: VHF
UHF
SHF
Related terms: MF
LF
VLF
ELF
LW
MW
SW
RF
HF
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: business
finance
glosses: Initialism of high-frequency.
Related terms: HFT
HF
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of have fun.
air vent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: air vents
Senses: glosses: An opening, possibly covered by a grate or grill, possibly ducted, that allows air to circulate.
synonyms: bleed valve
bleed nipple
glosses: A device or valve that allows to air to be evacuated from a radiator or pipe in a heating system.
killed in action
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: killed-in-action
Senses: examples: text: There were only some four hundred United States marines who in the heroic and historic defense of Wake Island inflicted such great losses on the enemy. Some of those men were killed in action; and others are now prisoners of war.
ref: 1942 January 6, Franklin Roosevelt, 1942 President's Annual Message to Congress:
topics: government
military
politics
war
synonyms: KIA
coordinate_terms: missing in action
prisoner of war
absent without leave
glosses: The designation for a member of an organization (primarily military) who has died while on duty.
Derived terms: kiyi
magnesium sulfate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: magnesium sulfates
Senses: glosses: The magnesium salt of sulfuric acid (chemical formula MgSO₄), commonly called Epsom salts.
Synonyms: E518 when used as a food additive
Epsom salts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Epsom salts
Etymology: Named after Epsom in Surrey, England; the town had a spring which gave forth bitter saline water containing the compound.
Senses: examples: text: And who but July would know […] that her back needed to be rubbed after she had drank^([sic]) her Epsom salts so as to release, into a belch or fart, the wind that so plagued her.
ref: 2010, Andrea Levy, The Long Song, Tinder Press (2017), pages 71–72:
glosses: magnesium sulfate, used as a laxative and in the preparation of tofu as a coagulator, and formerly as a medicated soaking solution.
wikipedia: Epsom
coagulator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: coagulators
Etymology: From coagulate + -or.
Senses: synonyms: coagulant
glosses: Something that causes coagulation (clumping or solidifying).
Derived terms: electrocoagulator
photocoagulator
unsteady
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈstɛdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: unsteadier
form: unsteadiest
Etymology: From un- + steady. Like steady, the word first appeared in English around 1530. The word is comparable to Old Frisian onstedich, Low German unstadig, etc.
Senses: examples: text: A slightly unsteady item of furniture.
text: "Mid-Lent, and the Enemy grins," remarked Selwyn as he started for church with Nina and the children. Austin, knee-deep in a dozen Sunday supplements, refused to stir; poor little Eileen was now convalescent from grippe, but still unsteady on her legs; her maid had taken the grippe, and now moaned all day:[…]"
ref: 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IV, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
glosses: Not held firmly in position, physically unstable.
glosses: Lacking regularity or uniformity.
glosses: Inconstant in purpose, or volatile in behavior.
Synonyms: sense: not held or fixed securely and likely to fall over
word: precarious
word: rickety
word: shaky
sense: lacking regularity or uniformity
word: chaotic
word: irregular
word: unstable
word: instable
word: rocky
word: unsteady
word: variable
word: varying
Hypernyms: word: disorderly
Derived terms: unsteadily
unsteady
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈstɛdi/
rhymes: -ɛdi
Forms: form: unsteadies
form: unsteadying
form: unsteadied
form: unsteadied
Etymology: From un- + steady. Like steady, the word first appeared in English around 1530. The word is comparable to Old Frisian onstedich, Low German unstadig, etc.
Senses: glosses: To render unsteady, removing balance.
get up the yard
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Etymology: The earliest usage may be traced to a primary school in Dublin, Ireland. Initially, in the 1960s, the phrase meant what it literally denoted: it was a command to get up the yard, the school yard at St. Pius X National School in Templeogue, Dublin. Older pupils appointed as wardens would shout at children to "get up the yard", away from the road.
Senses: qualifier: Dublin
glosses: Get lost!
qualifier: Dublin
glosses: Nonsense! I don't believe you.
qualifier: Dublin
glosses: I disagree.
Beatlesque
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /biːtəˈlɛsk/
Forms: form: more Beatlesque
form: most Beatlesque
form: Beatle-esque
form: Beatles-esque
Etymology: From Beatles + -esque.
Senses: examples: text: The 1980s all-girl band, the Bangles, reunites for a comeback album with crisp Beatles-esque melodies.
ref: 2006 June 6, “Back with a Bang(les)”, in The Straits Times, page 18:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Similar to The Beatles or their music.
distaff
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪstɑːf/
ipa: /ˈdɪstæf/
Etymology: From Middle English distaf (“distaff”), from Old English distæf (“distaff”), from *dis- (“bunch of flax”) (cognate with Middle Low German dise (“bunch of flax on a distaff”)) + stæf (“staff”) (from Proto-Germanic *stabaz (“staff, stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ-). Senses 3 and 5 (“anything traditionally done by or considered of importance to women only”; “a woman, or women considered as a group”) refer to the fact that spinning was traditionally done by women.
Senses: examples: text: Henry knew. If he were blackballed by this distaff Mafia, he was doomed: Endless, but always justifiable, delays would occur in the work he wanted typed.
ref: 1968 July, Stan Dryer, “The Fully Automated Love Life of Henry Keanridge”, in Playboy Magazine, page 152:
text: Women predominate not only, I think, because of matriarchal considerations, or claims to divine paternity, but also because Boiotian tradition leans in every way toward the distaff side.
ref: 1973, Richmond Lattimore, Hesiod, page 9:
synonyms: female
maternal
antonyms: male
paternal
spear
glosses: Of, relating to, or characteristic of women.
examples: text: Lord Robert Walsingham de Vere St. Simon, second son of the Duke of Balmoral— […] They inherit Plantagenet blood by direct descent, and Tudor on the distaff side.
ref: 1892 April, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. IX.—The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor.”, in Geo[rge] Newnes, editor, The Strand Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly, volume III, number 16, London: George Newnes, Limited, […], →OCLC, page 387, column 2:
glosses: Of the maternal side of a family.
Derived terms: distaff side
straw man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: straw men
form: strawman
Etymology: From straw + man.
Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1986 passim, shows first known usages for things insubstantial date to 1585-95. Universal Dictionary of the English Language, 1897, Vol 4, p. 4485, notes “man of straw” as “The figure of a man formed of an old suit of clothes stuffed with straw; hence, the mere resemblance of a man; one of no substance or means; an imaginary person.”
Compare West Frisian strieman, Dutch strooman, stroman, German Strohmann, Danish stråmand, Swedish stråman, Norwegian stråmann.
Senses: glosses: A doll or scarecrow, particularly one stuffed with straw.
glosses: An innocuous person or someone of nominal or lesser importance, as a front man or straw boss.
examples: text: This Euler inequality recurs as either the cornerstone or the straw man in many theories contained in this book.
ref: 2018, Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, Recursive macroeconomic theory, 4th edition, MIT Press, page 4:
antonyms: steelman
glosses: An insubstantial concept, idea, endeavor or argument, particularly one deliberately set up to be weakly supported, e.g. by misrepresenting an opponent's argument by broadening or narrowing the scope of a premise, so that it can be easily knocked down; especially to impugn the strength of any related or contrasted thing or idea.
examples: text: a tentative straw-man spec
topics: business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: An outline serving as an initial proposal for a project, usually refined iteratively.
examples: text: If a broker or a salesperson attempts to use a straw man to purchase property for which he or she has a listing, the real estate person must specifically disclose in writing to the seller this relationship with the buyer.
ref: 2000, John W. Reilly, The Language of Real Estate, page 381:
glosses: Synonym of straw buyer.
synonyms: word: straw buyer
straw man
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: straw mans
form: straw manning
form: straw manned
form: straw manned
form: strawman
Etymology: From straw + man.
Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1986 passim, shows first known usages for things insubstantial date to 1585-95. Universal Dictionary of the English Language, 1897, Vol 4, p. 4485, notes “man of straw” as “The figure of a man formed of an old suit of clothes stuffed with straw; hence, the mere resemblance of a man; one of no substance or means; an imaginary person.”
Compare West Frisian strieman, Dutch strooman, stroman, German Strohmann, Danish stråmand, Swedish stråman, Norwegian stråmann.
Senses: examples: text: Person A: "Cats have claws."
Person B: "Not all cats have claws: some are declawed."
Person A: "Don't straw man me; I never said all."
text: 1996 [Vale Press], Ralph H. Johnson, The Rise of Informal Logic, Windsor Studies in Argumentation, 2014, E-edition, page 178,
I have also argued that he is guilty of straw manning Copi and that his charge of shoddy reasoning against Kahane makes use of an equivocation on the concept of fallacy.
text: ¹¹ It should, however, also be noted that in certain cases later "neo-corporatist authors" straw manned the pluralist model, making it easier to criticise (Nedelmann and Meier, 1979: 94).
ref: 2016, Stijn Smismans, “5: Regulatory Procedure and Participation in the European Union”, in Francesca Bignami, David Zaring, editors, Comparative Law and Regulation, Edward Elgar Publishing, page 133:
text: My point does not concern the principle of charity or whether Hickman has straw manned postmodernism.
ref: 2021, John T. Lysaker, Philosophy, Writing, and the Character of Thought, University of Chicago Press, page 39:
coordinate_terms: steelman
glosses: To falsely attribute an insubstantial argument (a straw man argument) to another through direct declaration or indirect implication; to put words in someone's mouth.
Related terms: straw poll
straw shoe
straw vote
tbsp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tbsp
form: tbsps
form: tbs
form: tbs.
form: Tbsp
form: Tbsp.
form: tbsp.
Senses: examples: text: Add 3 tbsp of grilling sauce for every pound of chicken.
glosses: Abbreviation of tablespoon, a unit of measurement.
Related terms: tsp
tsp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tsp
form: tsps
form: tsp.
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of teaspoon, a unit of measurement.
Related terms: tbsp
viruses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈvaɪ.ɹə.sɪz/
Senses: glosses: plural of virus
organisms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of organism
gangly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡæŋ.ɡli/
Forms: form: ganglier
form: gangliest
Etymology: An American English alteration of gangling.
Senses: examples: text: I should have shot that long gangly lubber they called Hank, if I could have done it without crippling six or seven other people—but of course I couldn't, […]
ref: 1870–1871 (date written), Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter VII, in Roughing It, Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company [et al.], published 1872, →OCLC, page 61:
text: A rangy, gangly, Scandinavian youth of a sailor, droop-shouldered, six feet six and slender as a lath, with pallid eyes of palest blue and skin and hair attuned to the same colour scheme, joined Kwaque in his work.
ref: 1917, Jack London, chapter XV, in Michael, Brother of Jerry:
text: He was a tall, gangly, shy satirist who mumbled to you with his head turned away and always said funny things.
ref: 1957, Jack Kerouac, On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC:
text: She was gangly and wild and walked with her wrists turned inside out...
ref: 1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:
text: Individuals of this rabbit species tend to be very large (about the size of a beagle dog); they have long ears and long, gangly legs and a very thin fur coats.
ref: 2007, Oswald J. Schmitz, Ecology and Ecosystem Conservation, page 34:
text: [Peter Crouch] The gangly striker played a one-two with Jermaine Pennant as the winger cut in from the right, and although Pennant easily jinked past centre-half Brede Hangeland, he shot narrowly wide of the far post.
ref: 2011 October 15, Owen Phillips, “Stoke 2 - 0 Fulham”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Tall and thin, especially so as to cause physical awkwardness.
Synonyms: lanky
Derived terms: gangliness
gangly drink of water
Related terms: gangling
meteoric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmiːtiˈɒɹɪk/
rhymes: -ɒɹɪk
Forms: form: more meteoric
form: most meteoric
Etymology: From meteor + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: meteoric iron
glosses: Of, pertaining to, or originating from a meteor.
examples: text: Her meteoric rise to power was followed by a slow, lackluster career at the top.
text: With the meteoric rise has come broad concerns about the app’s impact on its relatively young users.
ref: 2022 December 30, Kari Paul, “US bans China-based TikTok app on all federal government devices”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Like a meteor in speed, brilliance, or ephemeralness.
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Originating in the atmosphere.
raw_tags: of water
examples: text: a meteoric flower
text: On the far side was reflected a single red and meteoric cloud, which had treasured one last crimson ray from the sunset, or perhaps nursed within it the fiery leaven.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXXVI, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 299:
text: It was summer at the south pole. The ice cap was melting and those meteoric phenomena, clouds, unknown upon the greater part of Barsoom, were shutting out the light of heaven from this portion of the planet.
ref: 1913 January–May, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Gods of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter XIII, in The Gods of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., September 1918, →OCLC:
glosses: Influenced by the weather.
Derived terms: meteorically
meteoric iron
meteoric water
nonmeteoric
unmeteoric
Related terms: meteor
meteorite
meteoritic
meteoritics
meteoroid
meteoroidal
meteorological
meteorology
solemnity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈlɛmnɪti/
Forms: form: solemnities
Etymology: From solemn + -ity, from Middle English solemnity (“observance of formality and ceremony”), frequently in the phrases in solemnity, with solemnity, which from Old French solemnite, from Latin sollemnitās, from sollemnis. (Compare solemn.)
Senses: examples: text: the solemnity of a funeral
text: The stateliness and gravity of the Spaniards shows itself in the solemnity of their language.
ref: 1711 August 15 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison; Richard Steele et al.], “SATURDAY, August 4, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 158; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume II, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:
text: These promises were often made with great solemnity and confirmed with an oath.
ref: 1754, Jonathan Edwards, An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions Respecting that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency:
text: There has been nothing in archæology that has made such a vivid impression on the popular imagination as Mr. Arthur Evans's excavations at Knossos. The Minotaur! the Labyrinth—such words do not suggest the solemnities of antiquarian research.
ref: 1907, Ronald M. Burrows, The Discoveries In Crete, page 1:
glosses: The quality of being deeply serious and sober or solemn.
examples: text: Great was the cauſe; our old ſolemnities / From no blind zeal or fond tradition riſe, / But ſav'd from death, our Argives yearly pay / Theſe grateful honours to the God of Day.
ref: c. 1699 – 1703, Alexander Pope, “The First Book of Statius His Thebais”, in The Works of Mr. Alexander Pope, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Bowyer, for Bernard Lintot, […], published 1717, →OCLC, page 337:
text: This is the Man after God's Heart, […] by endeavouring, when he aſſiſted at thoſe Solemnities, to perform them with the utmoſt Attention, Alacrity, and holy Warmth of Mind, of which he was capable.
ref: 1698 December 2 (Gregorian calendar), Francis Atterbury, “The Usefulness of Church Musick, a Sermon Preached on St. Cecilia’s Day, in 1698”, in Thomas Moore, editor, Sermons on Several Occasions. […], volume II, London: […] George James […]; and sold by C. Davis, […], published 1734, →OCLC, pages 233–234:
glosses: An instance or example of solemn behavior; a rite or ceremony performed with reverence.
topics: Catholicism
Christianity
glosses: A feast day of the highest rank celebrating a mystery of faith such as the Trinity, an event in the life of Jesus, the Virgin Mary, or another important saint.
topics: law
glosses: A solemn or formal observance; proceeding according to due form; the formality which is necessary to render a thing done valid.
glosses: A celebration or festivity.
hateful
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈheɪtfəl/
Forms: form: hatefuller
form: more hateful
form: hatefullest
form: most hateful
form: hatefull
Etymology: From Middle English hateful. By surface analysis, hate + -ful.
Senses: synonyms: odious
glosses: Evoking a feeling of hatred.
examples: text: Home I vvould go, / But that my Dores are hatefull to my eyes. / Fill'd and damm'd up vvith gaping Creditors, / VVatchfull as Fovvlers vvhen their Game vvill ſpring; […]
ref: 1682, Thomas Otway, Venice Preserv’d, or, A Plot Discover’d. A Tragedy. […], London: […] Jos[eph] Hindmarsh […], →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:
glosses: Dislikeable.
glosses: Full of hatred.
glosses: Bigoted.
Derived terms: hatefully
hatefulness
self-hateful
unhateful
Related terms: hate
hatel
hatred
hatable