surge
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: sûrj
ipa: /sɝd͡ʒ/
ipa: /sɜːd͡ʒ/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)dʒ
homophone: serge
Forms: form: surges
Etymology: From Middle English surgen, possibly from Middle French sourgir, from Old French surgir (“to rise, ride near the shore, arrive, land”), from Old Catalan surgir, from Latin surgō, contraction of surrigō, subrigō (“lift up, raise, erect; intransitive rise, arise, get up, spring up, grow, etc.”, transitive verb), from sub (“from below; up”) + regō (“to stretch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti (“to straighten; right”), from the root *h₃reǵ-; see regent. Doublet of source. Doublet of sourd.
Senses: examples: text: As President Obama turns his attention once again to filling out a cabinet and writing an Inaugural Address, this much is clear: he should not expect to bask in a surge of national unity, or to witness a crowd of millions overrun the Mall just to say they were there.
ref: 2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times:
text: He felt a surge of excitement.
synonyms: torrent
glosses: A sudden transient rush, flood or increase.
glosses: The maximum amplitude of a vehicle's forward/backward oscillation.
examples: text: A power surge at that generator created a blackout across the whole district.
text: When the diesel was being worked full out, the ammeter normally showed about 1,500-1,600 amps, with occasional surges of current at starting or up the steepest gradients to 1,700 or even 1,800 amps.
ref: 1959 March, Cecil J. Allen, “Locomotive Running Past and Present”, in Trains Illustrated, page 132:
topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A sudden electrical spike or increase of voltage and current.
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A momentary reversal of the airflow through the compressor section of a jet engine due to disruption of the airflow entering the engine's air intake, accompanied by loud banging noises, emission of flame, and temporary loss of thrust.
examples: text: He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind and tossed.
ref: 1901, Bible (American Standard Version), James i. 6
text: He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar, / Pursues the foaming surges to the shore.
ref: 1697, Virgil, “Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The swell or heave of the sea (FM 55-501).
examples: surge capacity; surge fleet; surge deployment capabilities
topics: government
military
naval
navy
politics
war
glosses: A deployment in large numbers at short notice.
examples: 1523-1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Froissart's Chronicles
all great rivers are gorged and assembled of various surges and springs of water
glosses: A spring; a fountain.
glosses: The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.
Synonyms: inrush
Derived terms: countersurge
pyroclastic surge
storm surge
surgeless
surge pricing
surge protector
surge suppressor
surge tank
surge testing
tidal surge