cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
pyrognostics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The characteristics of a substance, especially of a mineral or metal salt, that are revealed by heat, especially by the use of a blowpipe and a charcoal block.
Related terms: pyrognostic
pyrognostic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: of, relating to, or revealed by pyrognostics
pyrography
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɒɡɹəfi
Forms: form: pyrographies
Etymology: From pyro- + -graphy.
Senses: glosses: The freehanded art of decorating wood, leather or other materials with burn marks (resulting in surface burned designs) from the controlled application of a heated object or tool such as a poker.
glosses: A decoration or design so produced.
Synonyms: pokerwork
pyrogravure
wood burning
Related terms: pyrograph
pyrographer
pyrographic
pyropen
woodcut
upholstering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: upholsterings
Etymology: From upholster(er) + -ing. Attested c. 50 years before the verb upholster.
Senses: glosses: The padding, springs, webbing, and covers found on furniture.
examples: Holonym: furnituremaking
glosses: The application of upholstery to furniture.
Derived terms: word: reupholstering
upholstering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of upholster
lic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lics
form: lic.
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of license or licence.
tarantellas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tarantella
alliances
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of alliance
enfilading
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of enfilade
snick or snee
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /snɪk ɔː sniː/
Forms: form: snicks or snees
form: snicking or sneeing
form: snicked or sneed
form: snicked or sneed
Etymology: From Dutch steken of snijden (literally “to stab or cut”). The initial st- later assimilated to the sn- of snick.
Senses: glosses: To cut or thrust while fighting with a knife; to use a knife as a weapon.
Related terms: snickersnee
snickersnee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsnɪk.əˈsniː/
ipa: /ˌsnɪk.ɚˈsniː/
Forms: form: snickersnees
Etymology: An alteration of snick or snee.
Senses: examples: text: As he squirmed and struggled,
And gurgled and guggled,
I drew my snickersnee,
My snickersnee!
ref: 1885, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert; Arthur Sullivan, composer, “The criminal cried as he dropped him down”, in […] The Mikado; or, The Town of Titipu, London: Chappel & Co., […], →OCLC:
text: "First let me say my catechism, / Which my poor mamy taught to me." / "Make haste, make haste," says guzzling Jimmy, / While Jack pulled out his snickersnee.
ref: a. 1863, William Makepeace Thackeray, Little Billee:
glosses: A large, sword-like knife, especially one used as a weapon.
glosses: A knife fight.
Related terms: snick or snee
snicker-snack
Trent
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹɛnt/
rhymes: -ɛnt
Forms: form: Trents
Etymology: Koch (2006) derives the river name from Proto-Celtic *tri-sent(o)-on-ā-, from the elements *trei (“through”) + *sentus (“path”). Traditionally said to be from Proto-Brythonic elements equivalent to tros (“over”) + hynt (“way”), often taken to mean "the trespasser"
The surname in some cases is a shortening of "Tranent", or "Tranant" in Scottish Gaelic, a geographical location in East Lothian. "Tranant" itself is possibly of Brythonic (Celtic) origin.
Senses: glosses: A placename
A river in central England, flowing 298 km (185 mi.) from Staffordshire, through Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire and Main:Trent to join the Ouse and form the Humber estuary.
glosses: A placename
A river in Ontario, Canada, which flows into Lake Ontario and forms part of the Trent-Severn Waterway.
glosses: A placename
A census-designated place in Lane County, Oregon, United States.
glosses: A topographic surname An English and Scottish surname for someone who lived near any of the rivers of that name.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
Derived terms: Aston-on-Trent
Barrow upon Trent
Burton upon Trent
Burton-on-Trent
Carlton-on-Trent
Newark-on-Trent
Radcliffe on Trent
Stoke-on-Trent
Trent Hills
Trent Lakes
Trent Vale
Walton-on-Trent
Weston-on-Trent
Trent
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹɛnt/
rhymes: -ɛnt
Etymology: From Italian Trento.
Senses: qualifier: less common form
glosses: Trento, A city in Italy.
Juche
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒuːt͡ʃeɪ/
rhymes: -uːt͡ʃeɪ
Etymology: Borrowed from Korean 주체(主體) (juche, “self-reliance”, literally “subject”).
Senses: examples: text: What is Juche in our Party's ideological work? What are we doing? We are not engaged in any other country's revolution, but precisely in the Korean revolution. This, the Korean revolution, constitutes Juche in the ideological work of our Party.
ref: 1982 [1955 December 28], Kim Il Sung, “On Eliminating Dogmatism and Formalism and Establishing Juche in Ideological Work”, in Kim Il Sung – Works, volume 9, translation of original in Korean, pages 402-403:
text: Despite its rejection of theism and its political origins, there are several reasons for labeling Juche ideology a form of spirituality. […] According to Juche teachings, human beings only exist within societies.
ref: 2008, Don Baker, Korean Spirituality, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 147:
text: Though Juche Thought is enshrined in the constitution as one of the country's guiding principles, the regime has never shown any indication of subscribing to its universal-humanist bromides: “man is the master of all things,” “people are born with creativity and autonomy,” etc. I do not mean to imply that if an ideology is not lived up to, it is ipso facto a sham. […] But Juche is not even professed in earnest, and no wonder; its central notion of the masses' mastery of their fate runs counter to the sacrosanct notion of a uniquely vulnerable child race in the Leader's protective care. […] The pseudo-doctrine of Juche continues to serve its purpose all the same. It enables the regime to lionize Kim Il Sung as a great thinker, provides an impressive label for whatever policies it considers expedient, and prevents dissidents from judging policy on the government's own ostensible terms.
ref: 2011 [2010], B.R. Myers, The Cleanest Race: How North Koreans See Themselves—And Why It Matters, Brooklyn, New York: Melville House, →ISBN, pages 46-47:
text: Beginning in 1966, North Korea's internal and external propaganda started to promote the word [Juche] with extreme vigour. The problem was that Kim Il-sung never received a higher education and was not particularly well versed in any branch of philosophy, including Marxism. For him, Juche was little more than a means to assert North Korea's independence from Moscow. And the system of total obedience to the Leader he was creating prevented his underlings in the ideological departments from reformulating it into a more intelligible form. Thus, when it came to explaining what ‘Juche’ thought actually is, North Korean ideologues limited themselves to just one sentence: ‘Man is the master of all things’, repeated and rephrased over and over.
ref: 2025, Fyodor Tertitskiy, Accidental Tyrant: The Life of Kim Il-sung, London: C. Hurst & Co., →ISBN, page 161:
glosses: The core component of Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism, the state ideology of North Korea.
Derived terms: Juche Korea
Related terms: Kimilsungism
Kimjongilism
ingrain
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹeɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: ingrains
form: ingraining
form: ingrained
form: ingrained
form: engrain
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English engreynen, from the French phrase en grain; reinforced by the phrase (dyed) in grain. See grain.
Senses: glosses: To dye with a fast or lasting colour.
examples: text: The dirt was deeply ingrained in the carpet.
text: The lessons I learned at school were firmly ingrained in my mind.
synonyms: breed in the bone
embed
infix
instill
radicate
glosses: To make (something) deeply part of something else.
Derived terms: ingrainer
ingrain
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹeɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: engrain
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English engreynen, from the French phrase en grain; reinforced by the phrase (dyed) in grain. See grain.
Senses: glosses: Dyed with grain, or kermes.
glosses: Dyed before manufacture; said of the material of a textile fabric.
examples: text: When were such changes ever made in men's natural relations to one another: when was such reconcilement of ingrain differences ever effected!
ref: 1855 December – 1857 June, Charles Dickens, Little Dorrit, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1857, →OCLC, book the first (Poverty), page 249:
glosses: Thoroughly inwrought; forming an essential part of the substance.
Derived terms: ingrain wallpaper
ingrain
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪŋˈɡɹeɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: ingrains
form: engrain
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English engreynen, from the French phrase en grain; reinforced by the phrase (dyed) in grain. See grain.
Senses: glosses: An ingrain fabric, such as a carpet.
pyritiferous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɪfəɹəs
Forms: form: more pyritiferous
form: most pyritiferous
Etymology: From pyrite + -i- + -ferous.
Senses: glosses: containing, or yielding pyrites
pyritinol
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: A nootropic drug whose structure is that of a disulfane derived from pyridoxine.
nootropic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌnoʊəˈtɹoʊpɪk/
ipa: /ˌnoʊəˈtɹɑːpɪk/
Forms: form: nootropics
form: noötropic
Etymology: Coined by Romanian psychologist and chemist Corneliu E. Giurgea in 1972, derived from the Ancient Greek words νόος (nóos, “mind”) and τροπέω (tropéō, “to turn”). By surface analysis, noo(s) + -tropic, literally “mind changing”.
Senses: examples: text: Nootropics also include extracted and purified components of medicinal plants, as well as substances synthesized from chemical precursors, such as piracetam, the world's first official nootropic (piracetam was created in 1964 in Belgium by a team of scientists whose leader, Dr. Corneliu E. Giurgea, coined the term).
ref: 2012 January 30, Ari LeVaux, “Experimenting With Nootropics to Increase Mental Capacity, Clarity”, in The Atlantic:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Any substance purported to increase or enhance cognitive abilities.
topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: A drug that enhances learning and memory and lacks the usual pharmacology of other psychotropic drugs (e.g. sedation, motor stimulation) and possesses very few side effects and extremely low toxicity.
Synonyms: smart drug
memory enhancer
Hyponyms: piracetam
caffeine
Related terms: psychotropic
nootropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌnoʊəˈtɹoʊpɪk/
ipa: /ˌnoʊəˈtɹɑːpɪk/
Forms: form: more nootropic
form: most nootropic
form: noötropic
Etymology: Coined by Romanian psychologist and chemist Corneliu E. Giurgea in 1972, derived from the Ancient Greek words νόος (nóos, “mind”) and τροπέω (tropéō, “to turn”). By surface analysis, noo(s) + -tropic, literally “mind changing”.
Senses: examples: text: It's triggered and explosion of “functional” drinks featuring adaptogenic and nootropic ingredients; plants that in some cases have been used for thousands of years to boost mood and cognitive performance.
ref: 2023 May 28, Alice Lascelles, “What's the buzz?”, in FT Weekend, HTSI, page 61:
glosses: Relating to substances that enhance cognitive performance.
disulfane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: disulfanes
form: disulphane
Etymology: From di- + sulfane.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any organic compound containing two sulfur atoms joined together.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The divalent -S-S- radical.
Derived terms: dimethyl disulfane
dimethyl disulfane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The organic compound CH₃-S-S-CH₃; it is a pheromone associated with some flies and ants.
pyridoxine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌpɪɹɪˈdɒksɪn/
Forms: form: pyridoxines
Etymology: From pyrid(ine) + ox(ygen) + -ine.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A derivative of pyridine, 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, found in fish, liver, cereals and yeast, and essential for the metabolism of amino acids and starch.
Synonyms: vitamin B6
adermin
Coordinate terms: pyridoxal
pyridoxamine
pyritize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pyritizes
form: pyritizing
form: pyritized
form: pyritized
Etymology: From pyrite + -ize.
Senses: glosses: To convert something into pyrites.
pyritoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pyritoids
Etymology: From pyrite + -oid.
Senses: glosses: pyritohedron
pyritology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pyrite + -ology.
Senses: glosses: the art of using a blowpipe, and often a charcoal block, to analyse minerals and metal salts
Related terms: charcoal block test
plant room
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plant rooms
Senses: glosses: A room used to grow plants.
glosses: A room used to house large machinery (plant), such as air-conditioning equipment.
Synonyms: sense: room used to grow plants
word: conservatory
sense: room used to grow plants
word: greenhouse
sense: room for large machinery
word: machine room
Related terms: boiler room
engine room
blowpipe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbloʊˌpaɪp/
Forms: form: blowpipes
Etymology: From blow + pipe.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A narrow tube through which a jet of air is directed onto a flame; used in the analysis of minerals etc and in jewelry manufacture.
glosses: A weapon through which darts may be shot by blowing; a blowgun.
topics: arts
crafts
glassblowing
hobbies
lifestyle
glosses: A long narrow pipe, rotated in the hands, upon which glassware is blown.
Derived terms: blowpiper
Related terms: sense: equipment blowing air to fire
word: blower
topics: glassblowing
crafts
arts
hobbies
lifestyle
word: glassblower
blowpipe
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbloʊˌpaɪp/
Forms: form: blowpipes
form: blowpiping
form: blowpiped
form: blowpiped
Etymology: From blow + pipe.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To direct air through a blowpipe.
examples: text: […] when blowpiping little birds, which will be badly wounded enough to catch anyway.
ref: 2006, Pierre Le Roux, Bernard Sellato, Divine Messengers, page 332:
glosses: To shoot with a blowpipe (weapon).
pyritous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pyrite + -ous.
Senses: glosses: pyritic
pyrocellulose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pyro- + cellulose.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: nitrocellulose (cellulose nitrate) used in the manufacture of smokeless powder.
smokeless powder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: smokeless powders
Senses: glosses: An explosive, similar to gunpowder, consisting of nitrocellulose mixed with nitroglycerine or nitroguanidine; it burns with very little smoke.
Related terms: ballistite
black powder
cordite
exothermic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more exothermic
form: most exothermic
Etymology: From French exothermique, from exo- (“outside”) + thermique (“of heat”), both ultimately from Ancient Greek. By surface analysis, exo- + -thermic.
Senses: examples: text: These can be differentiated on a thermal scan where an endothermic transition indicates enantiotropes and an exothermic transition indicates monotropes.
ref: 2014, William J. Brock, Barbara Mounho, Lijie Fu, The Role of the Study Director in Nonclinical Studies, page 174:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: That releases energy in the form of heat.
raw_tags: of a reaction
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: That releases heat during its formation, and absorbs it during its decomposition.
raw_tags: of a compound
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Of an animal: whose body temperature is regulated by external factors; cold-blooded.
Synonyms: exothermal
Derived terms: exothermically
exothermicity
nonexothermic
Related terms: exotherm
exothermic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: exothermics
Etymology: From French exothermique, from exo- (“outside”) + thermique (“of heat”), both ultimately from Ancient Greek. By surface analysis, exo- + -thermic.
Senses: glosses: A substance that releases heat energy.
endothermic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk/
Forms: form: more endothermic
form: most endothermic
Etymology: Borrowed from French endothermique, from endo- (“inside”) + thermique (“of heat”), both ultimately from Ancient Greek. By surface analysis, endo- + -thermic.
Senses: examples: text: These can be differentiated on a thermal scan where an endothermic transition indicates enantiotropes and an exothermic transition indicates monotropes .
ref: 2014, William J. Brock, Barbara Mounho, Lijie Fu, The Role of the Study Director in Nonclinical Studies, page 174:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
antonyms: exothermic
glosses: Of a chemical reaction that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
synonyms: warm-blooded
endothermal
homeothermal
homeothermic
antonyms: ectothermic
exothermic
cold-blooded
glosses: Of an animal whose body temperature is regulated by internal factors.
Derived terms: endothermically
endothermicity
nonendothermic
endothermic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk/
Forms: form: endothermics
Etymology: Borrowed from French endothermique, from endo- (“inside”) + thermique (“of heat”), both ultimately from Ancient Greek. By surface analysis, endo- + -thermic.
Senses: glosses: A substance that absorbs heat energy.
pyrochemical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pyro- + chemical.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Of, related to, or produced by chemical reactions at elevated temperatures.
pyrolator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pyrolators
Etymology: From pyro- + -lator.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of pyrolater.
pyrolatry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɪˈɹɒlətɹi/
ipa: /paɪˈɹɒlətɹi/
Etymology: From pyro- + -latry.
Senses: glosses: the worship of fire
Related terms: pyrolater
pyrolator
pyrolatrous
pyrolignic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pyro- + lign- + -ic.
Senses: glosses: produced from wood by the action of heat
Synonyms: pyroligneous
pyroligneous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pyro- + ligneous.
Senses: glosses: Produced from wood by the action of heat, especially by destructive distillation.
Synonyms: pyrolignic
Derived terms: pyroligneous acid
pyroligneous acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
synonyms: wood acid
wood vinegar
glosses: A dark liquid, produced by destructive distillation of wood; containing acetic acid, methanol, oils and tars; once used as a commercial source of acetic acid.
patroness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpeɪtɹənɪs/
ipa: /ˌpeɪtɹəˈnɛs/
Forms: form: patronesses
Etymology: From Middle English patronesse, from Late Latin patronissa, from Classical Latin patrōnus; equivalent to patron + ess.
Senses: examples: text: And Night, the patronesse of love-stealth fayre, / Gave them safe conduct, till to end they came.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
text: As a young girl, Sor Juana felt protected by Minerva's wisdom and knowledge, and this may explain why she felt connected to this goddess who was patroness of both wisdom and, “persons engaged in the learned professions.”
ref: 2014, Theresa A. Yugar, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, page 90:
topics: lifestyle
religion
glosses: A female patron goddess or saint.
examples: text: If I buy a ticket for a Flower Show, or a Music Show, or any sort of Show, and pay pretty heavy for it, why am I to be Patroned and Patronessed as if the Patrons and Patronesses treated me?
ref: 1865, Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend:
text: But a diary here and there survives from which we may see the patroness more closely and less romantically.
ref: 1932, Virginia Woolf, The Second Common Reader (Donne After Three Centuries), page 30:
glosses: A woman who sponsors or supports a given activity, person etc.; a female patron.
patroness
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpeɪtɹənɪs/
ipa: /ˌpeɪtɹəˈnɛs/
Forms: form: patronesses
form: patronessing
form: patronessed
form: patronessed
Etymology: From Middle English patronesse, from Late Latin patronissa, from Classical Latin patrōnus; equivalent to patron + ess.
Senses: examples: text: If I buy a ticket for a Flower Show, or a Music Show, or any sort of Show, and pay pretty heavy for it, why am I to be Patroned and Patronessed as if the Patrons and Patronesses treated me?
ref: 1865, Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend:
text: on a following page there is half a column devoted to a forthcoming fashion show, patronessed by well-known New York society women yet frankly and baldly for the purposes of trade and advertisement—how ironical the announcement, “for the benefit of our soldiers at the front!"
ref: 1917, The Villager - Volume 1, page 182:
text: The second outstanding encouragement is the growing number of Circles organized and "patronessed" by members of the Chapters.
ref: 1918, Home Mission Monthly - Volume 32, Issue 10, page 236:
text: Subsequent comments were equally cordial from those who patronized and those who patronessed, though the agreement was general that in the future a little more floor space would not be wasted.
ref: 1926, The Cap and Gown, page 360:
glosses: To support or sponsor as a patroness.
pyrolithic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: cyanuric
cyanuric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Of, related to, or derived from cyanuric acid
Derived terms: cyanurate
isocyanuric
thiocyanuric
pyrologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pyrologists
Etymology: From pyrology + -ist.
Senses: glosses: someone who studies the effects of heat or flame, often in regards to explosives or chemical compounds.
Related terms: pyrology
pyrology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pyro- + -logy.
Senses: glosses: the scientific study of the effects of heat or flame, often in regards to explosives or chemical compounds.
Related terms: pyrologist
pyrolusite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pyrolusites
Senses: topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A dark coloured mineral, consisting of manganese dioxide (MnO₂), that is an important ore of manganese.
Parthian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑːθɪən/
ipa: /ˈpɑɹθiən/
Etymology: From Parthia + -an; in the sense of "delivered as if in retreat", an allusion to the Parthian battle tactic of firing arrows backwards from horseback while apparently in retreat.
Senses: examples: text: 1828, Frederic Shoberl, Persia, Part 4, Chapter XII: Amusements and Exercises,
The king’s cavalry are also trained to an exercise called the keykaj, which consists in turning about on the saddle at full speed and firing a carbine backward. This they learn from their childhood, and it gives them great confidence and dexterity on horseback. It is probably a remnant of the old Parthian custom so frequently alluded to in ancient authors; with this difference, that fire-arms are now used instead of bows and arrows.
text: 1911, Babylonia and Assyria: Modern Discovery, article in Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition,
Midway in the mound is a platform of large bricks stamped with the names of Sargon of Akkad and his son Naram-Sin (3800 B.C.); as the débris above them is 34 ft. thick, the topmost stratum being not later than the Parthian era (H. V. Hilprecht, The Babylonian Expedition, i. 2, p. 23), it is calculated that the débris underneath the pavement, 30 ft. thick, must represent a period of about 3000 years, more especially as older constructions had to be levelled before the pavement was laid.
glosses: Relating to Parthia or Parthians.
examples: text: a Parthian shot
text: So that poor Brunout has nothing for it but to retreat with accelerated nimbleness, through rank after rank; Parthian-like, fencing as he flies
ref: 1837, Thomas Carlyle, chapter VII, in The French Revolution: A History […], volume I (The Bastille), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, book VII (The Insurrection of Women), page 266:
text: She was tired of dancing; it was getting very late; she must go to mamma;—and, without another word, she sprang away from Harry Foker’s arm, and seized upon Pen’s, who was swaggering about the dancing-room, and again said, “Mamma, mamma!—take me to mamma, dear, Mr. Pendennis!” transfixing Harry with a Parthian shot, as she fled from him.
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter VII, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume II, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 69:
text: Finally the blue dells and gorges of a wooded mountain, for two hours our landmark, rose between us and the sun. But the sun’s Parthian arrows gave him a splendid triumph, more signal for its evanescence. A storm was inevitable, and sunset prepared a reconciling pageant.
ref: 1863, Theodore Winthrop, Life in the Open Air, Chapter I:
text: With which Parthian shot he walked away, leaving the two rivals open-mouthed behind him.
ref: 1887, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “A Study in Scarlet”, in Beeton’s Christmas Annual, London; New York, N.Y.: Ward, Lock & Co., part I (Being a reprint from the reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D., […]), chapter III (John Ferrier Talks with the Prophet), page 24:
glosses: Delivered as if in retreat.
Derived terms: Parthian Empire
Parthian shot
Parthian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑːθɪən/
ipa: /ˈpɑɹθiən/
Forms: form: Parthians
Etymology: From Parthia + -an; in the sense of "delivered as if in retreat", an allusion to the Parthian battle tactic of firing arrows backwards from horseback while apparently in retreat.
Senses: examples: text: The Parthians, in whose hands the empire of the east now is, having divided the world, as it were, with the Romans, were originally exiles from Scythia. This is apparent from their very name; for in the Scythian language exiles are called Parthi.
ref: 1853 [c. 2nd c. AD], Justin, “History of the World, Extracted from Trogus Pompeius”, in J[ohn].S[elby]. Watson, transl., Justin, Cornelius Nepos, and Eutropius, tr. with notes by J.S. Watson, London: Henry G. Bohn, York Street, Covent Garden, page 272:
synonyms: Parth
glosses: A native or inhabitant of Parthia.
glosses: An extinct Western Iranian language that was spoken in Parthia.
Related terms: word: Wiktionary’s coverage of Parthian terms
alt: SIL
urls: https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/xpr
word: xpr
Parthia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑːθi.ə/
ipa: /ˈpɑɹθi.ə/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)θiə
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin Parthia, from Ancient Greek Παρθία (Parthía), from Old Persian 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 (Parθava) (or another Old Iranian language).
Senses: glosses: A region in northeastern Iran.
glosses: A former empire in Central Asia and West Asia, ruled by dynasts from Parthia; the Parthian Empire; the Arsacid Empire.
Derived terms: Parthian shot
Parthian
Related terms: Parthyaea
Parthyene
Parthava
Rodinia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Russian ро́дина (ródina, “homeland”), coined by Mark McMenamin and Dianna McMenamin in 1990.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: The world supercontinent that formed at the end of the Mesoproterozoic era, then broke into eight continents during the Neoproterozoic.
wikipedia: Mark McMenamin
Related terms: Ur
Vaalbara
Kenorland
Columbia
Nuna
Hudsonland
Pannotia
Pangaea
Gondwanaland
Gondwana
Laurasia
Bartitsu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /bɑːˈtɪtsuː/
Etymology: Blend of Barton + jujitsu, coined by EW Barton-Wright in 1899.
Senses: glosses: A form of martial arts based on jujitsu and also incorporating elements of boxing, savate, and stick fighting, popularized by E.W. Barton-Wright in late-Victorian London.
Synonyms: baritsu
pintle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪntəl/
rhymes: -ɪntəl
Forms: form: pintles
form: pintel
Etymology: From Middle English pyntel, from Old English pintel (“penis”), from Proto-West Germanic *pint(i), from Proto-Germanic *pint- (“protrusion”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“peg, tip, protruding point, edge”), equivalent to pin + -le. Cognate with North Frisian pint (“male member, penis”), West Frisian pyt (“male member, penis”), Dutch piet (“penis”), German Low German Pint (“penis”), German Pint (“penis”), West Flemish pint, piet (“tip, spike, penis”), Danish pint, pintel (“penis”), Norwegian dialectal pintol (“penis”), dialectal Swedish pitt (“penis”). More at pin, pen.
Senses: synonyms: tarse
glosses: The penis.
topics: fashion
lifestyle
glosses: A pin on the buckle of a belt used to fit into the holes of the belt and hold it at the desired level of tightness.
examples: text: The train had a searchlight mounted on a pintle on a flat car.
ref: 2005, James Meek, The People’s Act of Love, Canongate, published 2006, page 31:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A pin or bolt, usually vertical, which acts as a pivot for a hinge or a rudder.
glosses: An iron pin used to control recoil of a cannon or around which a gun carriage revolves.
baritsu
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /bɑːˈɹɪtsuː/
Forms: form: Bartitsu
Etymology: Variant of Bartitsu, used mainly after Conan Doyle (for whom it may have been a misprint).
Senses: examples: text: We tottered together upon the brink of the fall. I have some knowledge, however, of baritsu, or the Japanese system of wrestling, which has more than once been very useful to me.
ref: 1903, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Empty House:
glosses: Bartitsu, a martial art, based on jujitsu, popular in late-Victorian England.
female circumcision
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: female circumcisions
Etymology: From female + circumcision.
Senses: examples: Phimosis of the prepuce of the clitoris: indication for female circumcision by D G McLintock in J R Soc Med. 1985 March; 78(3): 257–258
glosses: The removal of the clitoral hood, the female prepuce cognate to the foreskin removed in the male equivalent.
glosses: Any operation involving removal of any of various parts of the vulva including and in addition to the hood, such as the clitoris or labia.
Hypernyms: word: circumcision
word: female genital cutting
word: sometimes included under female genital mutilation
raw_tags: as FGM
Coordinate terms: male circumcision
Related terms: infibulation
bell-wether
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of bellwether.
shikari
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ʃɪˈkɑːɹiː/
Forms: form: shikaris
form: shecarry
form: shekarry
form: shickaree
form: shikaree
form: shikarree
form: shikarri
Etymology: From Urdu شکاری / Hindi शिकारी (śikārī), from Persian شکاری (šekâri, “of hunting”), from شکار (šekâr, “hunting, game”).
Senses: examples: text: ‘And if thou art not a shikarri, where didst thou learn thy knowledge of the tiger-folk?’ said he. ‘No tracker could have done better.’
ref: 1893, Rudyard Kipling, “In the Rukh”, in Many Inventions, London: Macmillan and Co., page 196:
text: I wonder that my very simple stratagem could deceive so old a shikari,’ said Holmes.
ref: 1903, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Empty House, Norton, published 2005, page 807:
text: "I'll stake my good name as a shikarree," said he, "that the track is a fresh one."
ref: 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
glosses: A hunter or tracker, especially in the Indian subcontinent.
glosses: A shooting-boat used in the Kashmir lakes.
laminas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: laminae
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: plural of lamina
laminae
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: laminas
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: plural of lamina
meadows
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of meadow
graves
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɹeɪvz/
rhymes: -eɪvz
Senses: glosses: plural of grave
graves
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɹeɪvz/
rhymes: -eɪvz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of grave
graves
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɹeɪvz/
rhymes: -eɪvz
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of greaves; the sediment of melted tallow.
Related terms: list in greaves
deaths
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɛθs/
rhymes: -ɛθs
Senses: glosses: plural of death
landholder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: landholders
form: land-holder
Etymology: From land + holder.
Senses: examples: text: India's agrarian system is based on large wealthy landholders and unlanded peasants, formerly of the lower caste, who are alienated from the current economic structure.
ref: 2011, Jonathan White, Terrorism and Homeland Security:
synonyms: landowner
glosses: A person who owns land.
Derived terms: landholdership
Related terms: landhold
landholding
smallholding
landholding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: landholdings
Etymology: From land + holding.
Senses: examples: text: Thus the unendurable burden on the temples was lightened. For instance, the annual surtaxes of Buddhist temples' landholdings of Hsia-p'u county which had amounted to 515 taels in the late Ming dropped to 309 taels after Ch'ien-lung's edict, and to 229 taels soon afterwards.
ref: 1990, Eduard B. Vermeer, Development and Decline of Fukien Province in the 17th and 18th Centuries, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 97:
synonyms: landhold
glosses: A piece of property (land) that is held (owned).
glosses: The state or practice of owning land.
Related terms: landholder
smallholder
lantern-jawed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: lantern jawed
Senses: examples: text: He was very thin and lantern-jawed. He dared not meet his own eyes in the mirror; he never looked at himself.
ref: 1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “chapter 15”, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:
text: A blue-eyed, lantern-jawed old white man, who is two meters tall and one hundred years old, sits in the clearing on what was once the back seat of a taxicab.
ref: 1976, Kurt Vonnegut, chapter 1, in Slapstick, Delacorte Press, page 21:
glosses: Having a protruding or jutting lower jaw.
lantern jawed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of lantern-jawed.
lapboard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lapboards
Etymology: From lap + board.
Senses: glosses: A board held on the lap as a simple lap desk.
lapin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lapins
Etymology: Borrowed from French lapin (“rabbit”).
Senses: glosses: Rabbit fur.
glosses: A castrated male rabbit.
layering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: layerings
Etymology: From layer + -ing.
Senses: examples: intricate layerings of harmony
glosses: A structure made up of layers.
glosses: A method of plant propagation by rooting cuttings.
Derived terms: backlayering
multilayering
layering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From layer + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of layer
rooting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rootings
Etymology: From Middle English rotynge (“rooting”); equivalent to root + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: as sone as the sun was uppe it caught heet: and because it had nott rotynge it wyddred awaye.
ref: 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Mark:
glosses: A system of roots; a secure attachment (in something); a firm grounding.
glosses: The process of forming roots or taking roots.
glosses: A method of creating a new plant by getting part of an existing plant to form roots.
examples: text: These rootings may be as deep as two and a half feet, depending on how large a pig has been working.
ref: 1968, Gary Douglas E. Joll, Big game hunting in New Zealand, page 209:
glosses: A hole formed by a pig when it roots in the ground.
glosses: The reflex a baby makes when hungry and seeking milk.
Derived terms: rooting hormone
rooting interest
rooting reflex
rooting-tooting
rooting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From Middle English rotynge (“rooting”); equivalent to root + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of root
Related terms: rooting tooting
autogenous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ɔːˈtɒd͡ʒɪnəs/
Etymology: From auto- + -genous.
Senses: examples: text: The autogenous factors that affect mergers require further study.
glosses: Produced independently of an external cause or influence.
examples: text: These , being usually developed from distinct and independent centres , I have termed “autogenous” elements
ref: 1843, Richard Owen, Lectures on the Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Invertebrate Animals:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Developed from an independent centre of ossification.
Synonyms: endogenous
Derived terms: anautogenous
autogenously
Related terms: autogeneic
autogenic
homolographic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: cartography
geography
natural-sciences
glosses: Alternative spelling of homalographic.
Derived terms: homolosine
homalographic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: homolographic
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὁμαλός (homalós, “even”) + -graphic.
Senses: topics: cartography
geography
natural-sciences
glosses: Of a map, equal-area.
authalic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more authalic
form: most authalic
Etymology: From the Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós, “same”) + αἶλος (aîlos, “area”) + -ic.
Senses: topics: cartography
geography
natural-sciences
glosses: Of a map, equal-area.
equiareal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From equi- + areal.
Senses: topics: cartography
geography
natural-sciences
glosses: Of a map, equal-area.
USGS
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: According to USGS, the Myanmar quake occurred as the result of “strike slip faulting” between the India and Eurasia plates – meaning that these two tectonic plates rubbed sideways against each other.
ref: 2025 March 28, Nicola Davis, “What caused Myanmar and Thailand earthquake and how big was it?”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: Teams of scientists from the USGS typically go out every summer to fix broken instruments or dig them out of deep snow.
ref: 2025 May 20, Ella Nilsen, “Who is watching for earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis? Trump is cutting the guardians at the gate”, in CNN:
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Initialism of United States Geological Survey.
equal-area
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: cartography
geography
natural-sciences
glosses: Of a map, having the property that equal areas on the map represent equal areas on the mapped surface.
Synonyms: authalic
equiareal
equivalent
homalographic
homolographic
tapestries
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tapestry
tapestries
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of tapestry
developable surface
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: developable surfaces
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A surface (in more than two dimensions, a plane is trivially developable) that can be flattened into a plane without distortion.
abiding-place
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbaɪ.dɪŋ pleɪs/
Forms: form: abiding-places
form: abiding place
Senses: glosses: The place where one abides; a permanent dwelling-place.
examples: text: [H]e determined (with an eye rather to heart-interests than to increasing his professional practice) to make, as before, the castle itself his office, studio, and chief abiding place till the works were fairly in progress.
ref: 1880–1881, Thomas Hardy, chapter VII, in A Laodicean; or, The Castle of the De Stancys. A Story of To-day. […], volume II, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, […], published 1881, →OCLC, book the third (De Stancy), page 143:
glosses: a place of rest; a resting-place.
Synonyms: abode
dwelling
dwelling-place
home
residence
resort
runty
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: runtier
form: runtiest
Etymology: From runt + -y.
Senses: examples: text: From the light above us thin shadows flickered and a runty little image of the defiance in front of me fell on to the table. […] The little runt was still singed and groggy […]
ref: 1965 June 17, “Love—and Death—in the African Night”, in The Times:
text: Only later did I discover that a runty old almond tree, hidden behind a laburnum, riddled with peach leaf curl, […]
ref: 1969 October 4, Roy Hay, “Peaches and Plums”, in The Times:
text: Nopcsa’s dinosaurs were not only runty, but primitive as well.
ref: 2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 23:
glosses: Having the characteristics of a runt; small and stunted; diminutive.
budju
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: budjus
Etymology: From Gurindji puju (“female genitals”).
Senses: examples: text: She walked over and stroked his hair. "Yer know ol' fella? Only site you've seen in the Territory so far is this hairy black budju." She said looking down.
ref: 2011 September 2, Allan Donald, “Longing”, in Stories from a red hot country, archived from the original on 01 Sep 2011:
text: ‘Look out when she bends over you can see her budju.’
ref: 2019 August 1, Facebook: Old Darwin:
glosses: The vagina.
examples: text: The guy you spotted at the disco who looks like a cross between Tom Cruise and Johnny Depp [...] The most popular word in [...] the NT: budju.
ref: 1990 October 24, Dolly, Sydney, page 62, column 1:
text: I told you that he is one lovely budju hey!!!
ref: 1999 September 19, Mena Leysley, Sportingimages.com: messages, archived from the original on 06 Jun 2000:
glosses: A good-looking person.
budju
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: budjus
form: budju
Etymology: From Arabic بوجو.
Senses: glosses: The monetary unit of Algeria until 1848, equivalent to 24 muzuna.
homogenized milk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: homogenized milks
Senses: glosses: Milk which has been treated so that the liquid remains creamy throughout, instead of forming a separate layer of cream at the top.
akçe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: akçes
form: akche
form: akcheh
Etymology: Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish آقچه (akça, akçe) (compare Turkish akçe).
Senses: examples: text: Worth the sum of two thousand two hundred akches, this is all a final gift to the said maiden if he fails to marry her within the appointed period of time.
ref: 1988, Milorad Pavić, translated by Christina Pribićević-Zorić, Dictionary of the Khazars, Vintage, published 1989, page 209:
text: The corvée is an archaic feature, absent from later statutes, but the notion that 50 akçes was the rate of compensation due for loss of tithes lingered.
ref: 2011, Christine Woodhead, editor, The Ottoman World:
glosses: A silver coin minted during the Ottoman Empire, valued at one-third of a para.
abasi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: abasis
Senses: examples: text: PERSIA. / In this empire of Asia, accounts are kept in tomans, each toman consisting of 1000 dinars-bisti, each of which is 12 dinars. The toman is divided into 50 abasis, 100 mamudis, 20 zaejiers, 1000 dinars-bisti, 2000 kabesquis, or 10000 dinar*. ... Silver monies are generally reckoned by bags of 50 tomans, or 2500 abasis, 100 mamudis of Avesa, or Avisa
ref: 1818, Christopher Dubost, The elements of commerce, page 405:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
numismatics
glosses: The monetary unit of Afghanistan during the 19th century, valued at 1/3 of a rupee.
kronenthaler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kronenthalers
Senses: glosses: The currency unit of the Austrian Netherlands (modern Belgium), valued at 254 liards.
pencil sharpener
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pencil sharpeners
form: pencil-sharpener
Senses: synonyms: word: sharpener
word: pencil pointer
word: pencil parer
word: pencil topper
word: topper
word: parer
glosses: A device used to sharpen pencils by shaving the wood at one end.
thaler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɑːləɹ/
rhymes: -ɑːlə(ɹ)
Forms: form: thalers
form: taler
Etymology: From German Thaler, an abbreviation of Joachimsthaler, after Sankt Joachimsthal, the German city in which some of the earliest thalers were minted in 1518. Doublet of tolar.
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
numismatics
glosses: A monetary unit used in a number of central and northern European countries, known locally as daalder (Netherlands), daler (Scandinavia), Taler, Thaler (Germany), etc.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
numismatics
glosses: The currency of Baden from 1829 to 1837, valued at 100 Kreuzer.
Conventionsthaler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Conventionsthalers
Senses: glosses: A silver coin minted in the time of the Holy Roman Empire.
scudo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: scudos
form: scudoes
form: scudi
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian scudo (“a crown, a dollar, a shield”), from Latin scutum (“a shield”). Compare the doublets scute, escudo, scutum, and écu.
Senses: examples: text: And this was the salvation of his house, for several large chunks of plaster cracked off and inside he discovered a pot full of golden scudos.
ref: 2007, Giambattista Basile, translated by Nancy L. Canepa, Tale of Tales, Penguin, page 46:
glosses: A silver coin and unit of currency of various Italian states from the 16th to the 19th centuries.
glosses: A former unit of currency in Malta, now the official currency of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
glosses: A unit of currency in 19th-century Bolivia, equal to 16 soles.
tigers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tiger
ephemeron
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ephemerons
form: ephemera
Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐφήμερον (ephḗmeron), neuter form of ἐφήμερος (ephḗmeros).
Senses: examples: text: Ah!—so frail are we—
So like the brief ephemeron that wheels
Its momentary round, we scarce can weep
Our own bereavements, ere we haste to share
The clay with those we mourn.
ref: 1834, Lydia Sigourney, Poems, To the Memeory of a Young Lady, page 64:
glosses: Something short-lived or transitory.
examples: text: Beyond type safety, OCaml has several features that closely interact with the garbage collector. These include weak references, finalisers, ephemerons, and lazy values, whose semantics will have to be preserved with the new GC so as to not break programs that use those features.
ref: 2020, KC Sivaramakrishnan et al., Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: A type of weak reference in a garbage collected programming language that does not permit an object to be kept alive by its finalizer.
Related terms: ephemeral
ephemeric