cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
fly line
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fly lines
form: flyline
Senses: topics: fishing
hobbies
lifestyle
glosses: A line for angling with an artificial fly.
glosses: A rope or cable used in a fly system.
fly lines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of fly line
bare-knuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: bare knuckle
Senses: examples: text: The bare-knuckle boxing era ended in the early 20th century, when gloves were introduced, stricter rules implemented and oversight organizations formed.
ref: 2009, David Lindholm, Ulf Karlsson, Bare-Knuckle Boxer's Companion, →ISBN:
text: In bare-knuckle fights, one of the most frequent injuries is a broken hand.
ref: 2012, Ken Shamrock, Richard Hanner, Inside the Lion's Den, →ISBN:
text: He was known as a tough bare-knuckle boxer and had already consolidated a reputation from his teenage years, when he had first thrown his fists in anger.
ref: 2013, Eamon Dillon, Gypsy Empire, →ISBN, page 126:
text: The difference between a street fight and a bare-knuckle boxing match is an accepted set of rules, such as not striking a downed opponent.
ref: 2015, Patrick White, The Legends of Bare-knuckle Boxing: The History & the Champions, →ISBN:
topics: boxing
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
glosses: Without boxing gloves.
examples: text: In one sense such bare-knuckle tactics reflect the fact that IP grants are (and are intended to be) monopolies.
ref: 2005, Henry C. Mitchell, The Intellectual Commons: Toward an Ecology of Intellectual Property, →ISBN, page 28:
text: In 2000 America witnessed the bare-knuckle tactics of the GOP firsthand in Florida — tactics that included intimidation of black voters, phony felon lists, hired thugs sent by Tom DeLay to stop the recount, a secretary of state who did all that could be done to push the election in Bush's favor, and so on.
ref: 2007, Elliot D. Cohen, Bruce W. Fraser, The Last Days of Democracy: How Big Media and Power-hungry Government are Turning America into a Dictatorship, →ISBN, page 278:
text: The territory was bursting with political spoils and riches to be captured, and “old settlers” vied with newcomers for a place at the head of the line, encouraging bare-knuckle politics with a distinctively local cast.
ref: 2010, Mary Lethert Wingerd, Kirsten Delegard, North Country: The Making of Minnesota, →ISBN, page ccxliii:
text: I'm telling you, all the cracks were already waiting to be slipped through, in every home, in every office, out into space, between haxor invention and bare-knuckle corporate crime.
ref: 2013, Shock Theatre: Collected Speculative Fiction, 2002-2006, →ISBN, page 185:
text: The body, however, failed to alter the bare-knuckle politics governing the nominating convention.
ref: 2013, Jeffrey Bloodworth, Losing the Center: The Decline of American Liberalism, 1968--1992, →ISBN:
text: Can one sustain an accusation that EC law serves to evacuate the public authorities in the Member States from the task of regulating the market inter alia in order to protect the consumer from the harsher excesses of bare-knuckle competition?
ref: 2018, Geraint Howells, Annette Nordhausen, Deborah Parry, The Yearbook of Consumer Law 2007, →ISBN:
glosses: Characterized by ruthlessly attacking or overpowering an opponent, especially when using underhanded techniques.
Derived terms: bare-knuckle fight
bare-knuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: bare-knuckles
form: bare-knuckling
form: bare-knuckled
form: bare-knuckled
form: bare knuckle
Senses: examples: text: ...at 36 he is still able to bare-knuckle the swagger out of the biggest lumberjack in the Northwest.
ref: 1964, Time - Volume 84, Part 1, page 88:
text: I hate bare-knuckling on anything but grass.
ref: 2013, Nick Towle, Blood is only Red Sweat, →ISBN, page 91:
text: None of the fights I've been in have included advance notification so I bare-knuckled it.
ref: 2014, Katie McGarry, Take Me on, →ISBN, page 171:
glosses: To box without boxing gloves.
examples: text: “I'm not surprised,” she said, “but your will is strong and your sense of humor is great. They ought to bare-knuckle almost any problem you do have.
ref: 2008, Jay Bynum, Sallad Dayes, →ISBN, page 105:
text: Tess shivered, but she knew it wasn't at the prospect of winter just around the corner or that wind bare-knuckling its way under her jacket, but from remembering the icy cold blue of Quinn's eyes.
ref: 2012, Raeanne Thayne, A Cold Creek Homecoming, →ISBN:
text: His associates at City College were the sons of Eastern European working-class Jews from the Lower East Side and the Brooklyn hinterlands; they huddled in the sweaty alcoves of City College, verbally bare-knuckling in both tone and tenor.
ref: 2016, Ron Robin, The Cold World They Made, →ISBN, page 39:
glosses: To attack or overpower ruthlessly.
bare-knuckles
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bare-knuckle
bare-knuckling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of bare-knuckle
bare-knuckling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In fact, the ring's transition from bare-knuckling to boxing was, in practical effect, only a slight move forward.
ref: 1979, Don Atyeo, Blood & guts, violence in sports, page 168:
glosses: Boxing that is done without boxing gloves.
examples: text: But there were danger signs in the polls that Carter's bare-knuckling was debasing what one aide called “his strongest positive: you Jimmy the Mean says he's sorry, and Ronald Reagan scrambles for the middle of the road.
ref: 1980, Newsweek - Volume 96, page 312:
glosses: Ruthless competition.
bare-knuckled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bare-knuckle
bare-knuckled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bare-knuckled
form: most bare-knuckled
Senses: examples: text: Frank Slavin, who fought both bare-knuckled and gloved bouts, was the heavyweight champion of Australia and boxed in the United States, Canada and England.
ref: 2000, Murray Phillips, From Sidelines to Centre Field, →ISBN:
text: Well, it's hard to knock a tough man cold with bare-knuckled head punches.
ref: 2004, Robert E. Howard, Paul Herman, Waterfront Fists and Others, →ISBN:
text: However, Dean was hardly a nature lover, so his attention immediately went to eight men in the backyard, who were training in bare-knuckled fist fighting—three white men and five colored men.
ref: 2012, Gregory Dupree, Harlem Street Fighter, →ISBN, page 3:
glosses: Synonym of bare-knuckle.
Without boxing gloves
examples: text: His return – armed with a set peppered with Clash classics such as 'London Calling' and 'White Man In Hammersmith Palais' – had the old bare-knuckled punks from 1977 literally in tears.
ref: 1999, Sue Welfare, Off the Record, →ISBN, page 279:
text: Recent electoral battles in the city had been closely contested, bare-knuckled affairs, each party routinely accusing the other of cheating.
ref: 2007, Patrick G. Williams, Red River Valley: Beyond Redemption, →ISBN:
text: Nevertheless, merger arbitrage is not wholly lacking in bare-knuckled elements.
ref: 2010, John B. Abbink, Alternative Assets and Strategic Allocation, →ISBN, page 141:
glosses: Synonym of bare-knuckle.
Ruthlessly competitive
neides
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of neide
argide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: argides
form: argonide
Etymology: From argon + -ide.
Senses: topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A binary compound of argon and another element.
argides
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of argide
bare knuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bare knuckle
form: most bare knuckle
Senses: examples: text: As a former four-time bare knuckle UFC veteran, and MMA veteran Hall of Fame coach of the year, I know they are effective and valuable to any person as a form of self defense, whether experienced or novice.
ref: 2008, Waysun "Johnny" Tsai, Paula Lazarz, Practical Kung-Fu Street Defense, →ISBN:
text: I crave the softness of human touch, rather than the bone-crushing feel of bare knuckle fighting.
ref: 2008, Peter Hall, Do You Want to Go to Jail Today?, →ISBN, page 142:
text: The skill demonstrated in, for example, bare knuckle boxing is not a compelling reason to accept the risk of permanent damage to oneself or another.
ref: 2012, Craig Paterson, Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: A Natural Law Ethics Approach, →ISBN:
glosses: Alternative form of bare-knuckle.
Without boxing gloves
examples: text: But aggressive management maneuvers like that were missing from the paper's speculations (10/25/95) about labor's return to "bare knuckle tactics."
ref: 1996, Extra! - Volumes 9-10, page 6:
text: This raises a third and final question: How should basic research be saved in a world of bare knuckle competition?
ref: 2012, Christian Schierenbeck, Fixing Higher Education, →ISBN:
text: Indeed, to understand airline predation, one might ask Vanguard, Sun Jet International and Western Pacific (all named in the case as suffering from American's actions) whether they felt the sting of that bare knuckle competition.
ref: 2018, Peter Forsyth, Competition versus Predation in Aviation Markets, →ISBN:
glosses: Alternative form of bare-knuckle.
Ruthlessly competitive
bare knuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: bare knuckles
form: bare knuckling
form: bare knuckled
form: bare knuckled
Senses: examples: text: Let 'um come out to play in the alley and we'll bare knuckle the bastards to hell and back.
ref: 1990, Margaret Skinner, Old Jim Canaan: a novel, page 56:
text: Lately I'm bare knuckling again, you know no man can take me, I dare say you'll be much the same.
ref: 2005, John Lucas, Poetry: The Nottingham Collection, →ISBN, page 123:
glosses: Alternative form of bare-knuckle.
bare knuckles
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bare knuckle
bare knuckling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of bare knuckle
bare knuckling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: It wasn't bare knuckling in the traditional English sense, but rather a form of defense that spanned back into the religious temples of China, a combination of graceful self-protection and lethal attack.
ref: 2015, Nancy Gideon, Midnight Kiss, →ISBN:
glosses: Alternative form of bare-knuckling.
bare knuckled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bare knuckle
bare knuckled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bare knuckled
form: most bare knuckled
Senses: examples: text: The “bare knuckled competition that globalisation requires" is presented as a non-negotiable given, while those on the receiving end of the consequences are dismissed as ill-informed and wishing to "legalise modern-day forms of piracy and counterfeiting" (and in this respect Shapiro is referring to the governments of Brazil and India).
ref: 2009, Resurgence, page 64:
text: I fought you hard as a bare knuckled boxer in open yard.
ref: 2009, Susan, Susan, →ISBN:
text: He'd have no problem knocking out John Martorano with one bare knuckled blow.
ref: 2012, William M. Connolly, Character Assassins: Carr, Dershowitz, Mudd:Who’ll Live In Infamy?, →ISBN:
glosses: Alternative form of bare-knuckled.
galbacin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The dioxole 5-[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4-dimethyloxolan-2-yl]-1,3-benzodioxole, present in the magnolia Talauma hodgsonii, that is an anticancer agent
galegine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The toxic amine 2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)guanidine, present in several plants, that was once used as a treatment for diabetes
galocatechin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of gallocatechin.
gencitabine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of gemcitabine.
genohyoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of geniohyoid.
geoinformatic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From geo- + informatic.
Senses: glosses: Relating to geoinformatics
glyconate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glyconates
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt of a glyconic acid
Derived terms: polyglyconate
gomphoteriid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of gomphotheriid.
gravidness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From gravid + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being gravid; pregnancy
gymnodimines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gymnodimine
hematogram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hematograms
Etymology: From hemato- + -gram.
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
physiology
sciences
glosses: A graphic representation of significant components of a patient's blood (such as hemoglobin, erythrocytes and platelets)
hematograms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hematogram
hematozoan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hematozoa
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of haematozoon.
holostane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: holostanes
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a group of toxic triterpene glycosides present in the sea cucumber
holostanes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of holostane
hyperosteogeny
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hyper- + osteogeny.
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Excessive growth of bone tissue
Synonyms: hyperosteogenesis
Related terms: hyperosteogenic
hyperpolyandry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hyper- + polyandry.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being hyperpolyandrous
ibufenac
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From i(so)bu(tyl) + -fenac (“phenyl acetate”).
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: The carboxylic acid 4-isobutylphenylacetic acid once used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Derived terms: -fenac
imbalancedly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: glosses: In an imbalanced manner
immunoblastoma
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immunoblastomas
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A lymphoma that contains immunoblasts
immunoblastomas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of immunoblastoma
immunofluorohistochemical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From immunofluorohistochemistry + -ical.
Senses: glosses: Relating to immunofluorohistochemistry
infestin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: infestins
Senses: glosses: A thrombin inhibitor present in the bloodsucking insect Triatoma infestans
infestins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of infestin
infranate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: infranates
Senses: glosses: infranatant material
Related terms: supranate
supranate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: supranates
Senses: glosses: supernatant material
Related terms: infranate
infrapelvic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From infra- + pelvic.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to the base of the pelvis
Related terms: suprapelvic
interdevice
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + device.
Senses: glosses: Between devices
intergradient
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + gradient.
Senses: glosses: Between gradients
interreticulation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: interreticulations
Etymology: From inter- + reticulation.
Senses: glosses: reticulation between two other structures
Related terms: interreticulated
interreticulations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of interreticulation
isotopological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From iso- + topological.
Senses: glosses: Having the same topology
kinesthesic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of kinesthetic.
laminals
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of laminal
lavendamycin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A polycyclic heterocycle present in some soil bacteria
levanobiose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A disaccharide fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-O-β-D-fructose
Related terms: levanotriose
levanotriose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The trisaccharide fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-(2→6)-O-β-D-fructose
Related terms: levanobiose
lignocellulosically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: examples: text: This year in Portland, Ore., he will again explain panel basics during the Core Clinic, a “Woodology 101" session for the lignocellulosically challenged.
ref: 1997, Wood Technology, volume 123, page 5:
text: The strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium, Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense SCUT27, is capable of producing ethanol, hydrogen and lactic acid by directly fermenting glucan, xylan and various lignocellulosically derived sugars.
ref: 2015 November 5, M Zhu, “Carbon catabolite repression and the related genes of ccpA, ptsH and hprK in Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense”, in PLOS ONE:
glosses: In a lignocellulosic manner.
lipidophile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lipidophiles
Senses: glosses: Any lipidophilic substance
lipidophilic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From lipid + -philic.
Senses: glosses: Having an affinity for lipids
lipidophiles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lipidophile
luminographic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Relating to luminography
Schlichters
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: plural of Schlichter
macroaneurysm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: macroaneurysms
Etymology: From macro- + aneurysm.
Senses: glosses: A relatively large aneurysm
macroaneurysms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of macroaneurysm
macropinocytose
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: macropinocytoses
form: macropinocytosing
form: macropinocytosed
form: macropinocytosed
Etymology: From macro- + pinocytose.
Senses: glosses: To undergo macropinocytosis
merochlorin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: merochlorins
Senses: glosses: Any of a class of meroterpenoid antibiotics produced by Streptomyces
merochlorins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of merochlorin
merulinid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: merulinids
Senses: glosses: Any stony coral of the family Merulinidae
merulinids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of merulinid
mesoeucrocodilian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of mesoeucrocodylian.
metabiosynthesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From meta- + biosynthesis.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The biosynthesis of a group of related compounds
microheteroplasmy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From micro- + heteroplasmy.
Senses: topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Very small-scale heteroplasmy, typically in mitochondrial DNA
microvoltage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: microvoltages
Etymology: From micro- + voltage.
Senses: glosses: A very small voltage
monactine
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Having a single ray.
raw_tags: of a spicule
monactine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: monactines
Senses: glosses: A spicule (of a sponge) that has a single ray.
monofilamental
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mono- + filamental.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Having a single filament
topics: business
manufacturing
textiles
glosses: Relating to a monofilament
monogeranylated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mono- + geranylated.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Having a single geranyl group
monomyristoyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From mono- + myristoyl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A single myristoyl group in a compound
monosporangium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: monosporangia
Etymology: From mono- + sporangium.
Senses: glosses: A sporangium that has monospores
monosporangia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of monosporangium
monospore
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: monospores
Etymology: From mono- + spore.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: A simple nonmotile asexual spore
protensity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Synonym of protension.
synonyms: word: protension
goody-goodiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From goody-goody + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being goody-goody.
goodiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: goodyness
Etymology: From goody + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being goody.
Related terms: goody-goodiness
phagedaenic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more phagedaenic
form: most phagedaenic
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of phagedenic.
rough stuff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Coarse paint laid on after the priming and before the finish.
ants on a log
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Originated around 1959. From the raisins resembling ants while the celery stick resembles a wooden log.
Senses: examples: text: Serve up an old favorite, ants on a log...celery sticks filled with peanut butter and sprinkled with raisins. Or substitute dried cranberries to make fire ants on a log, just for fun!
ref: 2014, Mom Knows Best Cookbook, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 45:
glosses: A snack made by spreading cream cheese, peanut butter, ricotta cheese or any number of spreads on celery and placing raisins on top.
rough-legged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Of a bird: having the legs covered with feathers.
presence room
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: presence rooms
Senses: glosses: Synonym of presence chamber.
synonyms: word: presence chamber
presence rooms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of presence room
snaffling lay
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Highway robbery as a career.
contemp.
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of contemporary.
pretty-pretty
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pretty-pretties
Senses: glosses: knick-knack; trinket
pretty-pretties
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pretty-pretty
nanaerobe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nanaerobes
Senses: glosses: Any organism that thrives in a nanomolar concentration of oxygen
Related terms: nanaerobic
nanaerobes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of nanaerobe
nanozeolite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nanozeolites
Etymology: From nano- + zeolite.
Senses: glosses: A zeolite that has nanosized pores
nanozeolites
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of nanozeolite
nauseogenicity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The condition of being nauseogenic
nebalian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nebalians
Senses: glosses: Any crustacean of the genus Nebalia.
nebalians
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of nebalian
nebraskensis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Nebraska + Latin -ēnsis (“of or from”).
Senses: glosses: A subspecies of Clavibacter michiganensis that causes wilt and leaf blight in maize.
nitropyrrolin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nitropyrrolins
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The nitro-pyrrole alkaloid (2R,3S,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-1-(5-nitro-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)dodeca-6,10-diene-2,3-diol
nitropyrrolins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of nitropyrrolin
Azerbaijanize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Azerbaijanizes
form: Azerbaijanizing
form: Azerbaijanized
form: Azerbaijanized
Etymology: From Azerbaijani + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: But this sleep keeps being disturbed: the Georgification of Abkhazians; the long-time desire to Azerbaijanize the Armenians in Nagornyy Karabakh; the Russification of the Arabic alphabet in the languages of the peoples of Central Asia,
ref: 1992, FBIS Report: Central Eurasia:
text: During the Soviet Union, Azerbaijan legislatively Azerbaijanized its minorities, and Kurds, Lezgins, Talyshes, Avars, Meshkhetian Turks, and other small ethnic communities were labeled Azerbaijanis on their personal documents,
ref: 1996, Ronald Grigor Suny, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, Transcaucasia, nationalism and social change: essays in the history of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, Univ of Michigan Pr, page 439
text: Pseudo-democracy was sometimes seen in ethnically adapted images of Stalin, as in a huge portrait of an Azerbaijanized Stalin hanging on the wall behind a Baku husband and wife putting their ballots in the box.
ref: 2012, Jan Plamper, The Stalin Cult: A Study in the Alchemy of Power, Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 79:
glosses: to make Azerbaijani.
nolomirole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The organic compound [6-(methylamino)-1-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl] 2-methylpropanoate that is a dopamine receptor agonist
yotten
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: past participle of yet
nonevident
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + evident.
Senses: glosses: Not evident
Synonyms: obvious
Georgify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Georgifies
form: Georgifying
form: Georgified
form: Georgified
Etymology: From Georgian + -ify.
Senses: examples: text: Since that time they have been constantly trying to Georgify Abkhazia.
ref: 1992, FBIS Report: Central Eurasia:
text: Vostorgov, a conservative cleric with administrative experience in the Caucasus, argued that he could cite numerous examples "of the crudest efforts to Georgify the Abkhazians and Оssetians, I could point to tens of parishes and schools in which Georgian is being forcibly imposed."
ref: 2006, Acta Slavica Iaponica:
text: In regards to Adjaria, authorities in Tbilisi invested extraordinary effort into Georgifying names and prohibiting religious customs, causing the Muslim inhabitants of the region to increasingly identify themselves as Georgian (Derluguian 1998).
ref: 2013, Sten Berglund, The Handbook of Political Change in Eastern Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing, →ISBN, page 777:
glosses: to make Georgian
Georgification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Georgify + -ification.
Senses: examples: text: We have already seen the fear in the Abkhaz Autonomous Republic that decentralization of power to "their" union republic of Georgia will lead to a policy of Georgification of the Abkhazi.
ref: 1990, Journal of Soviet Nationalities: A Quarterly Publication of the Center on East-West Trade, Investment, and Communications:
text: South Ossetia has avoided any significant Russification or Georgification, maintaining a traditional cultural identity as well as an agriculture and cattle breeding economy.
ref: 2003, Adel Safty, Leadership and Conflict Resolution: The International Leadership Series, Universal-Publishers, →ISBN, page 241:
text: Cultural Georgification took place foremost during the 1920s and 1930s, as part of the korenizatsiya campaign, which aimed at institutionalising 'indigenous' peoples.
ref: 2013, Sten Berglund, The Handbook of Political Change in Eastern Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing, →ISBN, page 777:
glosses: the act of process of Georgifying.
Azerbaijanization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Azerbaijanize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: To grant autonomy to the Talysh in the Azerbaijan SSR, because they, according to letters, "are subjected to forced Azerbaijanization, deprived of the possibility to study in their native language, and to develop their natural culture."
ref: 1991, Current Politics of the Soviet Union:
text: Some Russian-language programmes resisted this Azerbaijanization, but in 2008 these programmes were also banned on official Azerbaijani television and radio frequencies.
ref: 2011, Jacob M. Landau, Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Language Politics in Contemporary Central Asia: National and Ethnic Identity and the Soviet Legacy, I.B.Tauris, →ISBN, page 45:
text: After the demise of the Soviet Union, a certain Azerbaijanization of Azerbaijani education on all levels took place.
ref: 2017, Zaur Gasimov, Historical Dictionary of Azerbaijan, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 85:
glosses: The act or process of Azerbaijanizing.
Plurinational State of Bolivia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Official name of Bolivia: a country in South America.
Georgianize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Georgianizes
form: Georgianizing
form: Georgianized
form: Georgianized
Etymology: From Georgian + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: so that they resent recent Kartvelian encroachment on their land, which has been accompanied by repeated attempts to Georgianize them.
ref: 1995, Anna Kreikemeyer, Andreĭ Vladimirovich Zagorskiĭ, Crisis management in the CIS: whither Russia?:
text: They resent Kartvelian encroachment on their land, which has been accompanied by repeated attempts to Georgianize or Kartvelianize their people.
ref: 2003, John Wright, Richard Schofield, Suzanne Goldenberg, Transcaucasian Boundaries, Routledge, →ISBN, page 196:
text: The Georgians made even greater efforts to Georgianize and Christianize the nomads who had taken service with the Crown.
ref: 2012, Anatoly M. Khazanov, Andre Wink, Nomads in the Sedentary World, Routledge, →ISBN, page 52:
glosses: To make Georgian.
Derived terms: Georgianization
Georgianization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Georgianize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: Georgianization policies are emphasized in this narrative, especially those from 1937-53.
ref: 1997, Institutions, Identity, and Ethnic Conflict: International Experience and Its Implications for the Caucasus, May 2-3, 1997 : Conference Report:
text: The success of Georgianization is probably best illustrated by the fact that virtually all Abkhazes living in Ajaria know Georgian, with one-fifth even claiming it as their mother tongue, compared to an astonishingly low 1.4 percent among their compatriots in Abkhazia
ref: 1998, Beverly Crawford, Ronnie D. Lipschutz, The Myth of "ethnic Conflict": Politics, Economics, and "cultural" Violence, University of California International:
text: Abkhazian historians explain that Georgian authorities justified Georgianization to Moscow by the communist party's goal of eventual assimilation of everyone into the Soviet people with Abkhaz assimilation a part of the process.
ref: 2019, Maxim Tabachnik, Citizenship, Territoriality, and Post-Soviet Nationhood, page 245:
glosses: The act or process of Georgianizing.
Armenianize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Armenianizes
form: Armenianizing
form: Armenianized
form: Armenianized
Etymology: From Armenian + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: This has no practical use: nor, as it would seem, any symbolical meaning: I think it a mere determination to Armenianize in the matter of the niche.
ref: 1850, John Mason Neale, A History of the Holy Eastern Church: General introduction. 2 vols, page 270:
text: In addition to always erring on the side of the potential Armenianness of any orphan, authorities at times forced confessions (true or possibly false), and they did occasionally Armenianize Muslim children or ignore when others did.
ref: 2015, Amy E. Randall, Genocide and Gender in the Twentieth Century: A Comparative Survey, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:
text: Ultimately, Haygaz and his friends believed the boy, but they decided that “even if he was a pure-bred Turk, we would keep and Armenianize him gradually.”
ref: 2016, Lerna Ekmekcioglu, Recovering Armenia: The Limits of Belonging in Post-Genocide Turkey, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 35:
glosses: to make Armenian.
Georgianized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of Georgianize
Georgianizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of Georgianize
Georgianizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of Georgianize
Armenianization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Armenianize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: One of the features common to both Galshoyan's and Emin's texts is a consistent Armenianization of experience.
ref: 1997, Mark Saroyan, Edward W. Walker, Minorities, mullahs, and modernity: reshaping community in the former Soviet Union, Univ of California Intl &, →ISBN:
text: According to a famous scholar and researcher LPetrushevski, "Garabagh has never belonged to the Armenian cultural centers," and the Armenian Church "has always served as an instrument of Armenianization" of Albania.
ref: 2004, Tofik Kocharli, Armenian Deception: Historical Information, Eldar, page 14:
text: Armenianization revived the Armenian culture and language on the independent soil of Armenia; the nation could finally repair its mutilated identity if not pacify its tormented soul.
ref: 2008, S. Payaslian, The History of Armenia: From the Origins to the Present, Springer, →ISBN, page 166:
glosses: The act or process of Armenianizing.
Azerbaijanification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Azerbaijani + -ification.
Senses: examples: text: Mounting opposition to the Communist regime throughout 1991 was countered by the Azerbaijanification of the Party, and by Mutalibov's calculated distancing of himself and his Party from Moscow.
ref: 1993, Nadia Diuk, Adrian Karatnycky, New nations rising: the fall of the Soviets and the challenge of independence, Wiley:
text: He had a constitution of an Autonomous Republic in his pocket, with very wide powers, practically equal to a Union Republic, and which included the building of the Lachin road, which would have removed all the problems, including the fear of Azerbaijanification,” says Vyacheslav Mikhailov.
ref: 2013, Thomas de Waal, Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War, 10th Year Anniversary Edition, Revised and Updated, NYU Press, →ISBN, page 61:
text: NK is deemed part of Azerbaijan, but its Armenian inhabitants, have long accused the Azerbaijani authorities of conducting forced Azerbaijanification in the region and of being loath to reach a political solution which would allow for co-existence within the borders of Azerbaijan.
ref: 2019, Stylianos A. Sotiriou, Politics and International Relations in Eurasia, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 116:
glosses: The act or process of making Azerbaijani.
Socialist Republic of Macedonia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: SRM
Senses: examples: .
synonyms: Democratic Federal Macedonia
People's Republic of Macedonia
glosses: Official name of Macedonia: a former constituent republic of Yugoslavia, in use from 1963 to 1991; the official name Democratic Federal Macedonia was used from 1944 through 1946 and the official name People's Republic of Macedonia used from 1946 through 1963.
Related terms: Republic of Macedonia
Savannah sparrow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Savannah sparrows
Etymology: From Savannah, Georgia, where one of the first specimens was collected.
Senses: glosses: Passerculus sandwichensis, a small American sparrow.
Savannah sparrows
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Savannah sparrow
Ipswich sparrow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Ipswich sparrows
Senses: glosses: A well-marked subspecies of the Savannah sparrow.
Ipswich sparrows
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Ipswich sparrow
luffin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: luffins
Etymology: From Luffa + -in.
Senses: glosses: A toxic ribosome inactivating protein derived from Luffa seeds.
Armenification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Armenian + -ification.
Senses: examples: text: Yet, the policy of 'purification' of Armenia, in another word Armenification, has continued to be implemented.
ref: 2001, Armenian studies : a quarterly journal of history, politics and international relations:
text: Neither Russification nor Armenification were pursued as ends in themselves.
ref: year unknown, Mary Allerton Kilbourne Matossian, The Impact of Soviet Policies in Armenia, Brill Archive, page 162
text: Turkey: a politics of memory that makes continuous stabs at the Armenification or Kurdification of all violence.
ref: 2017, Murat Akan, The Politics of Secularism: Religion, Diversity, and Institutional Change in France and Turkey, Columbia University Press, →ISBN:
glosses: The act or process of making Armenian.
Kurdify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Kurdifies
form: Kurdifying
form: Kurdified
form: Kurdified
Etymology: From Kurdish + -ify.
Senses: examples: text: The Greek Prime Minister, Costas Simitis, has already had to overcome charges of lack of patriotism, when he rejected the “so called super patriots” demand to “Kurdify Greek foreign policy.”
ref: 2009, Amikam Nachmani, Turkey: Facing a New Millennium: Coping with Intertwined Conflicts, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 191:
text: In the general context of liberty, this subarticle addresses the widespread issue of smaller minorities being coerced to Arabize or Kurdify when seeking homes in particular provinces.
ref: 2013, Joshua Castellino, Kathleen A. Cavanaugh, Minority Rights in the Middle East, OUP Oxford, →ISBN:
text: The chief of staff of the military, Fevzi Çakmak, had warned in 1930 that the Kurds in Erzincan were 'using Alevism to Kurdify currently Turkish villages and spread the Kurdish language', and that 'many Alevi Turkish villages that are by custom Turkish are abandoning their mother tongue and speaking Kurdish owing to the mentality that Alevism denotes Kurdishness'
ref: 2018, Ceren Lord, Religious Politics in Turkey: From the Birth of the Republic to the AKP, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 135:
glosses: to make Kurdish
Kurdification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Kurdish + -ification.
Senses: examples: text: This had resulted in the Kurdification of the region's Turkish population.
ref: 2006, Soner Cagaptay, Islam, Secularism and Nationalism in Modern Turkey: Who is a Turk?, Routledge, →ISBN:
text: they could easily observe and experience such Kurdification of some gecekondu zones in the inner areas of Izmir.
ref: 2011, Cenk Saraçoglu, Kurds of Modern Turkey: Migration, Neoliberalism and Exclusion in Turkish Society, Tauris Academic Studies:
text: Combining the theory of the secondary Kurdification of originally Turkish tribes with the theory that Alevism is a tradition intrinsically linked with Turkish culture makes it seem obvious that those Alevis who speak Kurdish or claim Kurdish ethnicity have to be "original" Turks, who got over time Kurdified.
ref: 2013, Markus Dressler, Writing Religion: The Making of Turkish Alevi Islam, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 137:
glosses: The act or process of Kurdifying.
subarticle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: subarticles
Etymology: From sub- + article.
Senses: examples: text: The Lower Division suggested that Subarticle II(3), which, as proposed, provided “After commencement of delivery of mainstream water by means of the Central Arizona Project, . . .” be revised to read: “After commencement of delivery of ...
ref: 1980, Updating the Hoover Dam Documents, 1978:
text: (3) After the expiration of one year following the end of the period mentioned in the notice calling in any notes under subarticle (1), any Maltese lira coins so called in but not presented for redemption shall cease to be included in the coin liabilities of the bank and the value of such coins,
ref: 2005, USA International Business Publications, Malta Central Bank & Financial Policy Handbook, Int'l Business Publications, →ISBN, page 23:
text: (3) Benefit sharing and/or access for the utilization of agenetic resource and/or traditional knowledge substantiated in subarticle (1) is conducted based on national laws and international laws in the realm of genetic resources and traditional knowledge.
ref: 2017, World Intellectual Property Organization, Key Questions on Patent Disclosure Requirements for Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge, WIPO, →ISBN, page 77:
glosses: a part of an article
Kazakhize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Kazakhizes
form: Kazakhizing
form: Kazakhized
form: Kazakhized
Etymology: From Kazakh + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: By moving the capital from Almaty, which is a thoroughly Russianized city, the government wants to Kazakhize the political center of the country.
ref: 1999, James Alt, Margaret Levi, Elinor Ostrom, Competition and Cooperation: Conversations with Nobelists about Economics and Political Science, Russell Sage Foundation, →ISBN, page 286:
text: This paper seeks to argue that despite early impulses to Kazakhize the state, subsequently there has been realization that state-building can dialectically combine both the processes of nation-building within Kazakhstan and integration of non-Kazakhs in the new states by creating equal stakes for them.
ref: 2001, Contemporary Central Asia:
text: A Mongol writer named Huandag followed with an article entitled, 'No One Possesses Dual Homelands' and criticized attempts to overtly Kazakhize place-names in Bayan Olgi.
ref: 2016, Doris Wastl-Walter, The Routledge Research Companion to Border Studies, Routledge, →ISBN, page 388:
glosses: to make Kazakh.
Kazakhization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Kazakhize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: In many ways the Kazakhization of the elite and their policies does not always reflect the attitudes of self-categorization processes going on among the elite. The lack of commitment to a policy of Kazakhization, and its ultimately inconsistent implementation, is borne out by this volume's interviews with the elite, who were either uncomfortable at the speed of Kazakhization or perceived no benefits from, for example, the language changes.
ref: 2005, Sally Cummings, Kazakhstan: Power and the Elite, I.B.Tauris, →ISBN, page 154:
text: Due to the process of Kazakhization, and sponsored immigration of the Kazakh diaspora, the ruling elite have succeeded in making the titular ethnic community, also numerically and politically, an absolute dominant majority community.
ref: 2006, Pakistan Horizon:
text: However, the increasing Kazakhization that started soon after the declaration of independence has lost its impetus. This immediate attempt at Kazakhization can be interpreted as a search for the public recognition of Kazakh identity, which had been subordinated to the Russian one for quite a long time.
ref: 2008, Ildikó Bellér-Hann, The past as resource in the Turkic speaking world, →ISBN:
glosses: The act or process of Kazakhizing.
shank-painter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shank-painters
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A small rope for fastening the shank of an anchor, when catted, to a ship's side.
shank-painters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of shank-painter
sweep net
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sweep nets
Senses: glosses: A net that embraces a large compass.
sweep nets
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sweep net
tubuans
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tubuan
impleadment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: impleadments
Etymology: From implead + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: Of course, a state cannot authorize the impleadment of a corporation on substituted service, except possibly, as to property having a situs in such state, but service on the president of a corporation as he is passing through a state or service on an agent duly appointed to accept service of process is not substituted service.
ref: 1906, The Central Law Journal, volume 62, page 14:
text: In the absence of any order that the impleadment of newly added or substituted party shall take effect from the date of institution of a suit, the period of limitation so far as the newly added or substituted shall run from the date of their impleadment in the suit.
ref: 1987, Shriniwas Gupta, The Limitation Act, page 184:
glosses: The act of impleading, or the state of being impleaded.
Kazakhify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: Kazakhifies
form: Kazakhifying
form: Kazakhified
form: Kazakhified
Etymology: From Kazakh + -ify.
Senses: examples: text: One scholar identifies personnel decisions in particular as the main tool used to Kazakhify the state:
ref: 2011, Michele E. Commercio, Russian Minority Politics in Post-Soviet Latvia and Kyrgyzstan: The Transformative Power of Informal Networks, University of Pennsylvania Press, →ISBN, page 165:
text: Kazakhifying city names (by restoring their Kazakh names or creating new Kazakh names from scratch) helps to territorialize the nation and therefore legitimize its borders.
ref: 2014, Mariya Y. Omelicheva, Nationalism and Identity Construction in Central Asia: Dimensions, Dynamics, and Directions, Lexington Books, →ISBN, page 3:
text: Loyal to the president, elites in the Kazakhstani regime are unable to compete against each other on the so-called Kazakhified field, proposing alternatives to the official, wobbly nation-building policy.
ref: 2016, Marlene Laruelle, Kazakhstan in the Making: Legitimacy, Symbols, and Social Changes, Lexington Books, →ISBN, page 125:
glosses: to make Kazakh.
mommylike
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more mommylike
form: most mommylike
Etymology: From mommy + -like.
Senses: glosses: Characteristic of a mother; maternal.
impleadments
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of impleadment
Kazakhification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Kazakh + -ification.
Senses: examples: text: 2002, Joma Nazpary, Post-soviet chaos: violence and dispossession in Kazakhstan, Pluto Pr
This tension is primarily caused by the fact that ethnically based networking, articulated with the Kazakhification of the state, is pivotal for the distribution of resources.
text: It is noteworthy, however, that the commitment of the state elite to Kazakhification was often more discursive than immediately material.
ref: 2012, Edward Schatz, Modern Clan Politics: The Power of "Blood" in Kazakhstan and Beyond, University of Washington Press, →ISBN, page 116:
text: Some scholars argue that, if during the Soviet period there was russification of the state, the aspiration of the new government is to reinforce the process of Kazakhification of the country.
ref: 2013, Paul R. Spickard, Multiple Identities: Migrants, Ethnicity, and Membership, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 278:
glosses: The act or process of Kazakhifying.