cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
capote
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈpəʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
Forms: form: capotes
Etymology: Borrowed from French capote. Doublet of capot and kaput.
Senses: examples: text: […] pensive o’er his scatter’d flock,
The little shepherd in his white capote
Doth lean his boyish form along the rock,
ref: 1812, Lord Byron, Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, London: John Murray, Canto 2, stanza 51, p. 86:
text: It was said that the Rabbi of Kotsk had been in Favor of European dress, but the Rabbi of Gur and his followers had insisted on the Russian capote, trousers tucked into the boots, a kerchief around the neck, and the Russian cap adapted to the native style.
ref: 1967, Isaac Bashevis Singer, translated by Joseph Singer and Elaine Gottlieb, The Manor, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, Part 3, Chapter 26, p. 359:
glosses: A long coat or cloak with a hood.
examples: text: The fourth member of our party round the camp-fire that night was a powerfully built trapper, partly French by blood,who wore a gayly colored capote, or blanket-coat, a greasy fur cap, and moccasins.
ref: 1888 October, Theodore Roosevelt, Frontier Types, The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine:
glosses: A coat made from a blanket, worn by 19th-century Canadian woodsmen.
examples: text: A discreet visitor on such occasions advances straight to the window or the glass: Emily did the latter; and five minutes of contemplation ascertained the fact that her capote would endure a slight tendency to the left.
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XIV, in Romance and Reality. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 123:
text: Tied round her head with a large bow and flying blue ribbons under the chin, was a fragile flat Capote like a baby’s bonnet, which allowed her hair to escape in front and her great chignon behind.
ref: 1908, Arnold Bennett, The Old Wives’ Tale, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Book 3, Chapter 2, page 308:
glosses: A close-fitting woman's bonnet.
Synonyms: sense: coat
word: cappo
Derived terms: capoted
first woman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: first women
Senses: glosses: prima donna
glosses: The biblical Eve
Related terms: first lady
that's
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðæts/
rhymes: -æts
ipa: /ðəts/
Forms: form: das
form: dat's
form: thass
form: thats
Etymology: From that + 's (contraction of words ending in s).
Senses: examples: text: That's the book I've been looking for.
text: Collingwood are saying that's Stephenson's 10th game.
glosses: That is.
examples: text: I've managed to find the solution to the problem that's been bugging me all day.
glosses: That has.
glosses: That was.
glosses: That does.
that's
Language: English
Part of speech: det
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðæts/
rhymes: -æts
ipa: /ðəts/
Forms: form: thats
Etymology: From that + -'s (possessive marker).
Senses: examples: text: He had in his pocket an old flick-knife that's spring was slow and temperamental.
ref: 1992, Jim Crace, Arcadia, page 10:
text: "[…] we want them to bring a product to market that's time had not yet come," said Ray Farhung, a Southern California Edison official.
ref: 1993 January 10, Bill Vlasic, “Cool Contest”, in The Detroit News, page 1D:
text: 1995, Aimo Seppänen & Göran Kjellmer. The dog that's leg was run over: On the genitive of the relative pronoun. English Studies 76, 389–400.
text: […] the only one that's title has been released […]
ref: 2009, Doug Whitman, quoted in Neal Whitman, "We Don't Speak the Same Language" (blog post, 2011 March 23)
text: that's is perfectly possible in my Northern Irish English dialect, e.g. "The cow that's calf was lost" is fine; "The cow whose calf was lost" is not so good as my dialect seems to require human reference for who, […]
ref: 2014 March 28, Warren Maguire, “['That's'] Comments”, in Mark Liberman, Language Log, archived from the original on 08 Apr 2014:
text: It had products like a WiFi light bulb that's brightness and even color can be controlled via Smartphone.
ref: 2018, Jimmy Im, "I shopped at Amazon's new 4-star-product store in New York City — here's why I wouldn't do it again", CNBC.com, 2018 September 28
qualifier: Black Country
glosses: whose, of which (in dialects that require a human antecedent for 'whose')
that'll
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈðætl̩/
ipa: /ˈðæt(ə)l/
ipa: [-ɾ(ə)l]
Senses: examples: That'll be what the problem is.
glosses: That will.
Derived terms: that'll be the day
that'll be the frosty Friday
that'll do it to you
that'll've
Baroque
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /bəˈɹɒk/
ipa: /bəˈɹəʊk/
ipa: /bəˈɹoʊk/
rhymes: -ɒk
rhymes: -əʊk
Forms: form: more Baroque
form: most Baroque
Etymology: Via French (which originally meant a pearl of irregular shape) from Portuguese barroco (“irregular pearl”); related to Spanish barrueco and Italian barocco and Sicilian baroccu, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly from Latin verruca (“wart”), or possibly from the technical construction of scholastic logic, Baroco.
Senses: topics: art
arts
entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: From or characteristic of the Baroque period.
Baroque
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /bəˈɹɒk/
ipa: /bəˈɹəʊk/
ipa: /bəˈɹoʊk/
rhymes: -ɒk
rhymes: -əʊk
Etymology: Via French (which originally meant a pearl of irregular shape) from Portuguese barroco (“irregular pearl”); related to Spanish barrueco and Italian barocco and Sicilian baroccu, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly from Latin verruca (“wart”), or possibly from the technical construction of scholastic logic, Baroco.
Senses: topics: art
arts
entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A period in Western architecture, art, and music from c. 1600–1760 CE, known for its abundance of drama, rich color, and extensive ornamentation.
synonyms: Ultima
glosses: The chess variant invented in 1962 by mathematician Robert Abbott, or any of its descendants, where pieces move alike, but have differing methods of capture.
Derived terms: Baroque guitar
baroquely
baroque organ
baroque pearl
Baroque period
baroque pop
denominational
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From denomination + -al.
Senses: examples: text: If there is a Protestant denomination that typifies the apparent death of denominational history, it has to be the Presbyterians.
ref: 2008, Keith Harper, American Denominational History, University of Alabama Press, →ISBN, page 50:
glosses: Of or pertaining to a denomination.
Derived terms: denominationalisation
denominationalise
denominationalism
denominationalist
denominationalization
denominationalize
denominationally
interdenominational
intradenominational
multidenominational
nondenominational
omnidenominational
pandenominational
polydenominational
undenominational
allegation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ăl'ĭ-gā'shən
ipa: /ˌæl.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ˌæl.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ˌæl.ɪˈɡæɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: allegations
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French allégation, from Latin allegatio, from allegare. See allege.
Senses: examples: text: She put forth several allegations regarding her partner in hopes of discrediting his actions.
text: A spokesman for Lothian and Borders Police said: "We can confirm that a 15-year-old boy has been arrested and charged in connection with the murder of Jodi Jones. A 45-year-old has also been arrested in connection with allegations of attempting to pervert the course of justice. A report on this has been sent to the procurator fiscal."
ref: 2004 April 15, “Morning swoop in hunt for Jodi's killer”, in The Scotsman, archived from the original on 03 Oct 2013:
text: Philip Miles, defending, said: "This was a single instance, there was no allegation of continuing behaviour over a long period of time."
ref: 2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in The Guardian:
glosses: An assertion, especially an accusation, not necessarily based on facts.
glosses: The act of alleging.
Synonyms: accusation
assertion
censure
charge
crimination
impeachment
Derived terms: misallegation
reallegation
Related terms: allegator
allege
haughty
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɔːti/
ipa: /ˈhɔti/
ipa: /ˈhɑti/
rhymes: -ɔːti
homophone: hottie (cot–caught merger)
Forms: form: haughtier
form: haughtiest
form: hautie
form: hauty
Etymology: From earlier hauty, haultic, with spelling change in imitation of English naughty and English high, from Middle English hautein, hautain (with -ein, -ain becoming -y through the form hautenesse standing for *hauteinnesse; see haughtiness), from Middle English haute (“self-important”), from Old French haut, hault (“high, lofty”), from Frankish *hauh, *hōh (“high, lofty, proud”) and Latin altus (“high, deep”).
Senses: examples: text: How meek and shrunken did that haughty Tarmac become as it slunk by the wide circle of asphalt of the yellow sort, that was loosely strewn before the great iron gates of Lady Hall as a forerunner of the consideration that awaited the guests of Rupert, Earl of Kare, […].
ref: 1922, Michael Arlen, “3/1/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:
synonyms: word: airy
word: arrogant
word: authoritarian
word: biggity
word: big-headed
word: blustery
word: boastful
word: bombastic
word: buggish
word: cocky
word: conceited
word: disdainful
word: domineering
word: egotistical
word: entitled
word: flatulent
word: flaunting
word: full of oneself
word: grandiose
word: hankty
word: haught
word: haughty
word: haut
word: high-handed
word: high-hat
word: high and mighty
word: highfalutin
word: hoity-toity
word: holier-than-thou
word: imperious
word: inflated
word: insolent
word: la-di-da
word: ostentatious
word: overbearing
word: overweening
word: pompous
word: presumptuous
word: pretentious
word: priggish
word: puffed up
word: sanctimonious
word: self-important
word: snobbish
word: snooty
word: snotty
word: stout
word: stuck up
word: supercilious
word: thrasonic
word: thrasonical
word: toploftical
word: toplofty
word: tumid
word: turgid
word: uppish
word: uppity
word: uppy
word: upstage
word: vain
glosses: Conveying in demeanour the assumption of superiority; disdainful, supercilious.
Derived terms: haughtily
haughtiness
outhaughty
overhaughty
Related terms: haught
haut
hauteur
old
thirty one
Language: English
Part of speech: num
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of thirty-one.
cis
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪs/
rhymes: -ɪs
homophone: sis
Etymology: From Latin cis (“on this side (of), on the near or same side”). Doublet of he, it, here, hither, and hence.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Having two mutations on two genes on the same chromosome of a homologous pair.
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of the side of the Golgi apparatus nearer to the endoplasmic reticulum.
examples: text: 9 is thought to survive longer when the CH = CH bond is cis and to favour the formation of another cis double bond in a propagation reaction involving its displacement by monomer. 10, on the other hand, is more likely to yield a trans double bond […]
ref: 1984, American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry, Papers Presented at the ... Meeting:
text: However, a cis double bond causes a kink in the chain. (A cis double bond introduces a bend of about 42 into the linear hydrocarbon chain.)
ref: 2007, Vickie A. Vaclavik, Elizabeth W. Christian, Essentials of Food Science, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 277:
text: A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.
ref: 2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the same side of the bond.
examples: text: The cis effect is the labilization of ligands which are cis to certain other ligands.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are adjacent to each other.
Related terms: cis-
cisalpine
cis-gender
cis-trans isomerism
cis
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪs/
rhymes: -ɪs
homophone: sis
Forms: form: CIS
Etymology: Clipping of cisgender or cissexual, ultimately from Latin cis.
Senses: examples: text: We're demonized and criminalized as perverts out to trick and deceive cis hetero men; therefore anything that happens to us, we 'had coming.'
ref: 2017 November 21, Trish Bendix, quoting Ashlee Marie Preston, “Why it matters that transgender women are speaking out about Jeffrey Tambor — and that people are listening”, in Yahoo! Lifestyle:
text: Oh yeah, because you know who's been long overdue a challenge? The trans community. Oh, they've had their guard down for too long if you ask me. They'll all be checking their privilege on the way home now thanks to you, you brave little cis boy!
ref: 2019 January 17, James Acaster: Cold Lasagne Hate Myself 1999, spoken by James Acaster:
text: The reality is that LGBTQ+ people face challenges at disproportionally higher rates than their straight counterparts — drug use, sex work, and financial instability can be an unfortunate result. My privilege as a young cis white man whose parents weren't going to let me drown afforded me the ability to make those mistakes and live to talk about it.
ref: 2019 September 24, Jonathan Van Ness, Over the Top: A Raw Journey to Self-Love, HarperCollins, →ISBN, pages 117–118:
coordinate_terms: trans
glosses: Cisgender (or sometimes cissexual): not trans (transgender or transsexual) nor non-binary.
Derived terms: allocishet
anticistamines
cisbi
cis female
cisgender
cis guy
cishet
cis lesbian
cis male
cis man
cisman
cisnormative
cisnormativity
cisoid
cis person
cisphobia
cis privilege
cissexual
cissplain
cistem
cistemic
cister
cis woman
ciswoman
still cis though
tut tut
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: note: dental clicks
ipa: [ˈǀˈǀ]
note: spelling pronunciation
ipa: /ˈtʌt ˈtʌt/
homophone: tsk tsk
Senses: glosses: An exclamation of disapproval.
Synonyms: word: ahem
word: bollocks to it
word: boo
word: dear me
word: dearie me
word: deary me
word: fie
word: mew
word: my eye
word: no
word: now
word: och
word: oh dear
word: shame
word: shame on you
word: tsk
word: tsk tsk
word: tut
word: tut tut
word: tchick
Related terms: word: bullshit
tut tut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: dental clicks
ipa: [ˈǀˈǀ]
note: spelling pronunciation
ipa: /ˈtʌt ˈtʌt/
homophone: tsk tsk
Forms: form: tut tuts
Senses: glosses: The sound of such an exclamation of disapproval.
Synonyms: tsk tsk
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
Etymology: Imitative.
Senses: glosses: Tut tut; an expression of disapproval.
glosses: Hush; be silent.
Synonyms: sense: expression of disapproval
word: tut tut
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
Forms: form: tuts
form: tutting
form: tutted
form: tutted
Etymology: Imitative.
Senses: glosses: To make a tut tut sound of disapproval.
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
Forms: form: tuts
Etymology: Shortening of tutorial.
Senses: examples: ref: 2002, Little Penny, “Looking for sites, tuts, videos to learn html (newbie)”, in alt.html (Usenet):
related: word: tute
qualifier: Internet slang and Oxford University slang
glosses: A tutorial.
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
Forms: form: tuts
Etymology: Compare Swedish tut (“a point, pipe, tube”), Danish tut (“a cornet”).
Senses: glosses: A hassock.
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
Forms: form: tuts
Senses: glosses: A piece of work.
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
ipa: /tʊt/
ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
Senses: examples: text: Such stupidness is mad 'cause nothing underfoot comes to nothing less to add to a load of old tut.
ref: 1977, Ian Drury, the Blockheads, Clever Trevor:
text: Cracking excuse: credible, watertight and yet patently a load of old tut.
ref: 2012, M.T. Maguire, The Wrong Stuff: K'Barthan Series: Part 2:
text: “Well there's a load of old tut in the cupboard next to Felicia's room,” she said grudgingly.
ref: 2017, Marilyn Messik, Witch Dust:
glosses: Rubbish.
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
ipa: /tʊt/
ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
Forms: form: tuts
form: tutting
form: tutted
form: tutted
Senses: glosses: To work by the piece; to carry out tut-work.
tut
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tʌt/
ipa: [ǀ]
ipa: /tʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
ipa: /t(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
ipa: /tʊt/
Forms: form: tuts
form: tutting
form: tutted
form: tutted
Etymology: See tutting (“dance style”).
Senses: glosses: To dance in the style known as tutting.
Related terms: tut-mouthed
Jat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɑːt
Forms: form: Jats
form: Jat
form: Jatt
form: Jaat
form: Jutt
form: Jut
Etymology: From Hindi जाट (jāṭ), ultimately from Sanskrit जर्तिक (jartika), of further unknown origin. Initially the name of a low-ranking foreign Vahika tribe mentioned in some Sanskrit-language Hindu texts such as the Rigveda and the Mahabharata's Karna Parva, its descendant names, from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀚𑀝𑁆𑀝 (*jaṭṭa), were later used to refer to various different low-ranking groups of peoples living in the region now known as Punjab. Many other theories about the origin of this name exist, but are unproven and speculative; see Getae for one such example.
Senses: glosses: A member of an Indo-European ethnic group of people native to Northern India and Pakistan (including large populations living in the EU, US, Canada, Australia and UK), that have attributes of an ethnic group, tribe and a people.
glosses: A member of an Indo-European people living in Punjab, northwestern India and Pakistan.
glosses: An Indo-Scythian (Saka) descendant of the Scythian Massagetae and Getae tribes.
24/7
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: examples: text: He banned spearfishing wherever he could, started the first eco-moorings in the Caribbean, stopped others from coral- and shell-collecting, and had so much fun 24/7 that some unusually powerful people began to hang with him.
ref: 2006, Scuba Diving (issues 1-6, page 49)
text: At the same time that I used Woebot, I also volunteered for a crisis text service available 24/7 for people to message in times of need.
ref: 2022 September 27, Barclay Bram, “My Therapist, the Robot”, in The New York Times:
text: Secondly, preserved railways are not 24/7 operations. There are closed seasons where they can be turned into open-air classrooms.
ref: 2024 April 3, Richard Foster, “Training the next generation of engineers”, in RAIL, number 1006, page 48:
glosses: Abbreviation of twenty-four seven.
24/7
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: 24/7s
Senses: topics: BDSM
lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: A relationship in which the submissive is available for the dominant at all times.
glosses: A lifestyle in which one wears and uses a diaper at all times.
24/7
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: BDSM
lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: Of or relating to a 24/7 relationship.
Burdak
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Burdaks
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindi बुरडक (burḍak); this surname is predominantly found in Rajasthan.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Hindi.
proliferate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈlɪf.əɹ.eɪt/
Forms: form: proliferates
form: proliferating
form: proliferated
form: proliferated
Etymology: Back-formation from proliferation.
Senses: examples: text: The flowers proliferated rapidly all spring.
text: When no certain cure exists, quack remedies tend to proliferate and the history of quackery and secret cures is full of extraordinary forms of treatment for the various arthritic disorders.
ref: 1976 March 27, F. Dudley Hart, “History of the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis”, in British Medical Journal, volume 1, number 6012, →DOI, →JSTOR, page 763:
text: But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.
ref: 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:
text: After decades of the type of mismanagement that proliferated across all the nationalised industries, the government was already aware that British Railways was in deep trouble.
ref: 2023 March 8, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL, number 978, page 50:
glosses: To increase in number or spread rapidly; to multiply.
Derived terms: proliferative
Related terms: proliferous
prolific
disposition
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌdɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/
ipa: /ˌdɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/
ipa: /ˌdɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ɪn/
Forms: form: dispositions
form: dispositioning
form: dispositioned
form: dispositioned
form: dispotion
Etymology: From Middle English disposicioun, from Middle French disposition, from Latin dispositiōnem, accusative singular of dispositiō, from dispōnō. By surface analysis, dispose + -ition. Doublet of dispositio.
Senses: glosses: To remove or place in a different position.
Related terms: disposal
dispose
dispositive
predisposition
Frau
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Frauen
form: Fraus
Etymology: From German Frau.
Senses: examples: text: G. von Hoffmann’s Die Ochsenmenuette offered Frau von Berckel as Therese, Scherer as Istock, Lotti as Eduard, and Frauen Schmidt and Esden, and Graff, Lehmann and Kress in minor rôles.
ref: 1970, George C[linton] D[ensmore] Odell, Annals of the New York Stage, New York, N.Y.: AMS Press, page 169:
text: His gifts as an impassioned speaker had brought him to the notice of some wealthy society ladies (Frauen Bechstein, Hofmann and Wagner), who lionised him and tolerated his cranky behaviour as that of a budding genius.
ref: 2002, Margaret Cook, “The Military Celibate”, in Lords of Creation: The Demented World of Men in Power, London: Robson Books, →ISBN, page 101:
text: There was more than a little rivalry between the two ladies, Frauen Wagner and Bechstein, when it came to offering Wolf accommodation, though Winnie could see that while she was so busy with the Festival it made sense for Wolf to stay with the Bechsteins and come round to Wahnfried for visits.
ref: 2007, A[ndrew] N[orman] Wilson, Winnie and Wolf, London: Hutchinson, →ISBN, page 54:
text: We met our landlords-to-be, Frau and Herr Friedrich, themselves émigrés from the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia.
ref: 2015, Joel M. Levin, Our Beguine: The Dance of Life, Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, →ISBN:
synonyms: Fr.
coordinate_terms: Herr
qualifier: slightly dated
glosses: Used as a courtesy title before the surname of a (typically married) German-speaking woman.
Related terms: frau
Herr
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Herrs
Etymology: As a title and German and Jewish surname (also found in Hungary and France), from the noun Herr (“gentleman, sir”).
Senses: glosses: A surname.
Herr
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Herren
Etymology: As a title and German and Jewish surname (also found in Hungary and France), from the noun Herr (“gentleman, sir”).
Senses: examples: text: The principal singers we now learn are to be Mdlles. Krall and Jenny Meyer, Herren Schneider and Stepan.
ref: 1858 May 1, The Athenæum: Journal of English and Foreign Literature, Science, and the Fine Arts, number 1592, London, page 569, column 3:
text: On a variety of drawings being lately exhibited for a new town hall in one of the German capitals, a certain design of Herren Schmidt and Stauch attracted considerable attention among the art-loving public of the Fatherland, but as it happened to become a subject of jobbery, and was not to be accepted in consequence, would have been hardly accessible to larger circles of connoisseurs, without the invention of the new art.
ref: 1862 November 14, “New Photolithographic Process”, in G. Wharton Simpson, editor, The Photographic News: A Weekly Record of the Progress of Photography, volume VI, number 219, London: […] Thomas Piper, […], page 546, column 1:
text: They stand in the poses of the two provincials—Herren Müller and Schultze—whose conversations (and portraits) were a regular column in the satirical paper.
ref: 2014, Marsha Morton, Max Klinger and Wilhelmine Culture: On the Threshold of German Modernism, Ashgate Publishing, →ISBN, page 98:
synonyms: Hr.
coordinate_terms: Frau
glosses: Used as a courtesy title before the surname of a German-speaking man.
Herr
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Herrs
Etymology: As a Hmong surname, variant of Her, named after the Her clan, written in Chinese as 侯 (compare Hou).
Senses: glosses: A surname.
Herr
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: An unincorporated community in Perry Township, Boone County, Indiana, United States.
venerate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛnəɹeɪt/
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: venerates
form: venerating
form: venerated
form: venerated
Etymology: First attested in 1623; borrowed from Latin venerātus, perfect active participle of veneror (“to worship, venerate”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: glosses: To treat with great respect and deference.
examples: text: […] we cannot but venerate in Johnson one of the most exercised minds that our holy religion hath ever formed.
ref: 1791, James Boswell, “[1756]”, in James Boswell, editor, The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. […], volume I, London: […] Henry Baldwin, for Charles Dilly, […], →OCLC, page 168:
glosses: To revere or hold in awe.
Related terms: venerable
venerant
veneration
venerative
ringer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪŋə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪŋə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ringers
Etymology: From Middle English ringere, rynger, ryngar, equivalent to ring (“to sound a bell”) + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Pull, if ye never pull′d before;
Good ringers, pull your best," quoth he.
ref: 1863, Jean Ingelow, High Tide on the Coast of Lincolnshire:
glosses: Someone who rings, especially a bell ringer.
topics: business
mining
glosses: A crowbar.
Derived terms: ringer equivalence number
ringer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪŋə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪŋə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ringers
Etymology: From ring (“to surround”) + -er.
Senses: topics: games
glosses: In the game of horseshoes, the event of the horseshoe landing around the pole.
topics: games
glosses: A game of marbles where players attempt to knock each other's marbles out of a ring drawn on the ground.
examples: text: […] shabby baseball caps, faded and worn-out T-shirts, ringers and polos with artificially aged hems […]
ref: 2007, Descant, number 138, page 28:
text: The shirts were light blue heather ringers with royal blue trim on the necks and sleeves.
ref: 2011, Buck Peden, Baseball, Golf, Wars, Women & Puppies: An Autobiography, page 278:
glosses: A ringer T-shirt.
Related terms: ringer T-shirt
ringer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪŋə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪŋə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ringers
Etymology: Unknown. Probably so named after the custom of ringing a bell to denote the winner of a contest or competition.
Senses: glosses: A top performer.
examples: text: Click goes his shears; click, click, click.
 Wide are the blows, and his hand is moving quick,
 The ringer looks round, for he lost it by a blow,
 And he curses that old shearer with the bare belled ewe.
ref: 1891 December 5, The Bacchus Marsh Express, Victoria, page 7, column 7:
glosses: The champion shearer of a shearing shed.
examples: text: 1964, Alec Bolton, Walkabout′s Australia, Walkabout magazine, page 107,
The ringers are the stockmen on a station. The cattle pass through their hands before the drovers lift them and take them along the stock routes that lead to the killing pens in cities.
text: This vast holding is run by six ringers and six boys. A ringer is a qualified stationhand and a boy is a trainee. It takes four years for a boy to become a ringer.
ref: 1987, Geoffrey Atkinson, Philip Quirk., The Australian Adventure: The Explorer′s Guide to the Island Continent, page 175:
text: Most people associated with the Australian beef industry believe the ringer′s skill of throwing cattle by the tail to be a practice that is purely Australian. There is ample evidence however, that it was practised in South and Central America long before it was developed here.
ref: 2005, Jake Drake, The Wild West in Australia and America, page 156:
glosses: A stockman, a cowboy.
Related terms: ding, ding, ding, we have a winner
ringer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪŋə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪŋə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ringers
Etymology: Some senses may derive from ring the changes (“run through variations; enliven; pass counterfeit money; trick a shopkeeper into giving too much change”).
Senses: glosses: Any person or thing that is fraudulent; a fake or impostor.
examples: text: Near-synonym: hustler
text: In this next clip from the security camera, we see that the rube flashing his wad of cash thinks he'll win, but he doesn't realize that the guy in the gray shirt is a ringer.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
coordinate_terms: shill#Noun
glosses: A person highly proficient at a skill or sport who is brought in, often fraudulently, to supplement a team.
topics: hobbies
horse-racing
horseracing
horses
lifestyle
pets
racing
sports
glosses: A horse fraudulently entered in a race using the name of another horse.
examples: text: I had heard early on in my career about 'ringers': cars that were stolen and cloned, but it was 1993 before I was to experience this first-hand.
ref: 2020, Tom Hartley, Tom Hartley: The Dealmaker:
glosses: A fraudulently cloned (or cut-and-shut) motor vehicle.
ringer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪŋə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪŋə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ringers
Etymology: Unclear. Compare ring of truth.
Senses: examples: text: That man over there is an exact ringer for my father!
text: I mean, he knows we never handed off the briefcase, but he never asked for it back. The million bucks was never in the briefcase! The asshole was hoping that they would kill her! You threw out a ringer for a ringer!
ref: 1998, Ethan Coen, Joel Coen, The Big Lebowski (motion picture), spoken by The Dude (Jeff Bridges):
synonyms: dead ringer
glosses: A person, animal, or entity which resembles another so closely as to be taken for the other; a look-alike (now usually in the phrase dead ringer).
ringer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪŋə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪŋə(ɹ)
Forms: form: ringers
Etymology: From ring + -er, from the noun.
Senses: examples: text: A group of naval one- and two-ringers were chatting by the office door with a few ratings, complete with kit-bags and oilskins.
ref: 2012, John Harris, The Lonely Voyage:
text: The senior officer of the escort was an RN two and a half ringer who had a reputation of being one of the best.
ref: 2013, Dudley Pope, Convoy:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: An officer having the specified number of rings (denoting rank) on the uniform sleeve.
sulk
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /sʌlk/
rhymes: -ʌlk
Forms: form: sulks
form: sulking
form: sulked
form: sulked
Etymology: Back-formation from sulky, of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English *sulke, *solke (attested in solcenesse (“idleness; laziness”), from Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”), from āsolcen (“sulky, languid”), from past participle of Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”), from Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”), from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom, from *selǵ- (“to let go, send”). Cognate with several Indo-Iranian words deriving from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́- (such as Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti), सर्जन (sárjana), सृक (sṛká)), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /⁠šalkzi⁠/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.
Senses: examples: text: Mr. Riach, who had been to the college, spoke to me like a friend when he was not sulking, and told me many curious things, […]
ref: 1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:
text: You crossed her last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge like some hired mute from Lalouette’s.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 1]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn.
Synonyms: mope
Related terms: sulker
sulkily
sulkiness
sulky
sulk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sʌlk/
rhymes: -ʌlk
Forms: form: sulks
Etymology: Back-formation from sulky, of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English *sulke, *solke (attested in solcenesse (“idleness; laziness”), from Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”), from āsolcen (“sulky, languid”), from past participle of Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”), from Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”), from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom, from *selǵ- (“to let go, send”). Cognate with several Indo-Iranian words deriving from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́- (such as Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti), सर्जन (sárjana), सृक (sṛká)), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /⁠šalkzi⁠/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.
Senses: examples: text: Leo has been in a sulk all morning.
text: He thanks our miserable Liberal agent, an unbeliever called Donald Somebody, see the caption, who since the court's arrival on his territory has retired into a fuming sulk from which he has only tonight emerged.
ref: 1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:
text: "[…] home during the holidays," said the Doctor with a good-humoured laugh, "but a fit of the sulks is no very uncommon thing for him;" and then he added,[…]
ref: 2012, Harriet S. Caswell, Walter Harland Or, Memories of the Past, tredition, →ISBN:
glosses: A state of sulking.
examples: text: The Puddin', who had got the sulks over Sam's remark that fifteen goes of steak and kidney were enough for any self-respecting man, protested against the singing, which, he said, disturbed his gravy.
ref: 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 82:
qualifier: preceded by definite article
glosses: A fit of sulking; a sulking mood.
examples: text: Don't be such a sulk, Leo!
glosses: A person who sulks
sulk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sʌlk/
rhymes: -ʌlk
Forms: form: sulks
Etymology: From Latin sulcus.
Senses: glosses: A furrow.
airwall
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: airwalls
Etymology: From air + wall, by analogy with firewall, than which it is more secure.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: air gap
glosses: The notional part of a network configuration which isolates computers physically from connection to a wider network such as the Internet.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A secure networking solution that uses Host Identity Protocol to make the network invisible to hackers while still allowing endpoints to communicate with the broader network.
articulate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ärtĭ'kyəlāt
ipa: /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪk.jʊ.leɪt/
enpr: ärtĭ'kyəlāt
ipa: /ɑːɹˈtɪk.jə.leɪt/
rhymes: -ɪkjʊleɪt
Forms: form: articulates
form: articulating
form: articulated
form: articulated
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1531, the verb in 1551; borrowed from Latin articulātus (“distinct, articulated, jointed”), perfect passive participle of articulō, see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3). Regular participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: glosses: To make clear or effective.
examples: text: I wish he’d articulate his words more clearly.
glosses: To speak clearly; to enunciate.
examples: text: I like this painting, but I can’t articulate why.
glosses: To explain; to put into words; to make something specific.
examples: text: an articulated bus
glosses: To bend or hinge something at intervals, or to allow or build something so that it can bend.
examples: text: Articulate that passage heavily.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: To attack a note, as by tonguing, slurring, bowing, etc.
examples: text: The lower jaw articulates with the skull at the temporomandibular joint.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: To form a joint or connect by joints.
examples: text: Send us to Rome / The best, with whom we may articulate / For their own good and ours.
ref: c. 1605–1608, William Shakespeare, Coriolanus, act 1, scene 9, lines 75–77:
glosses: To treat or make terms.
Derived terms: articulable
articulatability
articulatable
articulative
articulator
articulatory
coarticulate
dearticulate
disarticulate
exarticulate
malarticulate
misarticulate
overarticulate
rearticulate
underarticulate
Related terms: articulation
pseudoarticulated
pseudoarticulation
articulate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ärtĭ'kyələt
ipa: /ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪk.jʊ.lət/
enpr: ärtĭ'kyələt
ipa: /ɑːɹˈtɪk.jə.lət/
rhymes: -ɪkjʊlɪt
Forms: form: more articulate
form: most articulate
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1531, the verb in 1551; borrowed from Latin articulātus (“distinct, articulated, jointed”), perfect passive participle of articulō, see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3). Regular participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: glosses: Clear; effective.
examples: text: She’s a bright, articulate young woman.
synonyms: eloquent
well-spoken
glosses: Speaking in a clear and effective manner; having both good articulation and good elocution.
examples: text: jointed articulate animals
text: The robot arm was articulate in two directions.
glosses: Consisting of segments united by joints.
examples: text: an articulate period in history
glosses: Distinctly marked off.
examples: text: articulate sounds
ref: 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “II. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
glosses: Expressed in articles or in separate items or particulars.
examples: text: Brutes cannot form articulate Sounds, cannot articulate the Sounds of the Voice, excepting some few Birds, as the Parrot, Pye, &c.
ref: 1728, James Knapton, John Knapton, Cyclopaedia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, page 146:
glosses: Related to human speech, as distinct from the vocalisation of animals.
raw_tags: of sound
examples: text: Theſe things indeede you haue articulate(d),
Proclaim'd at Market Croſſes, read in Churches,
To face the Garment of Rebellion
VVith ſome fine colour, that may pleaſe the eye
Of fickle Changelings, and poore Diſcontents,
Which gape, and rub the Elbovv at the nevves
Of hurly burly Innouation :
And neuer yet did Inſurrection vvant
Such vvater-colours, to impaint his cauſe :
Nor moody Beggars, ſtaruing for a time
Of pell-mell hauocke, and confuſion,
ref: c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 69, column 2:
glosses: Articulated (all senses).
raw_tags: as a participle
Derived terms: articulately
articulateness
biarticulate
exarticulate
hyperarticulate
inarticulate
interarticulate
multarticulate
multiarticulate
octarticulate
pluriarticulate
prearticulate
quadriarticulate
semiarticulate
sexarticulate
subarticulate
triarticulate
unarticulate
uniarticulate
articulate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: articulates
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1531, the verb in 1551; borrowed from Latin articulātus (“distinct, articulated, jointed”), perfect passive participle of articulō, see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3). Regular participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: They considered articulates to be pre-adapted for an eleutherozoic existence because they possess muscular arms which are potentially of value in crawling and swimming, as in comatulids.
ref: 1977, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History):
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: An animal of the subkingdom Articulata.
Related terms: inarticulate
Sterculius
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: -uːliəs
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The god of manure or fertilizer.
threshing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From Middle English thresshyng; equivalent to thresh + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of thresh
threshing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: threshings
Etymology: From Middle English thresshyng; equivalent to thresh + -ing.
Senses: glosses: The process by which something is threshed.
Synonyms: word: thrashing
Derived terms: threshing board
threshing floor
threshing machine
threshing roller
threshing sled
threshing sledge
chuckwagon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chuckwagons
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of chuck wagon.
formication
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: formications
Etymology: Circa 1700, from Latin formīca (“ant”) + -tion.
Senses: examples: text: Soon the formications and muscular debility returned, not alone, but accompanied with painful cramps and startlings in the feet and calves of the legs.
ref: 1853, The Scottish Review:
topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: word: creevles
word: creepy-crawlies
glosses: An abnormal skin sensation similar to that of insects crawling over or within the skin; a tactile hallucination involving such a sensation. A common side-effect of substance abuse, it can also be experienced with high fever, menopause, skin cancer, diabetic neuropathy, or herpes zoster.
Related terms: formic
formic acid
formicate
practitioner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹækˈtɪʃənə/
ipa: /pɹækˈtɪʃənəɹ/
Forms: form: practitioners
Etymology: Formerly practicioner for *practicianer, from practician + -er (the suffix unnecessarily added, as in musicianer).
Senses: examples: text: The [Isaac] Newton that emerges from the [unpublished] manuscripts is far from the popular image of a rational practitioner of cold and pure reason. The architect of modern science was himself not very modern. He was obsessed with alchemy.
ref: 2014 June 21, “Magician’s brain”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8892:
synonyms: practician
glosses: A person who practices a profession or art, especially law or medicine.
examples: text: On January 31, 2023, four Falun Gong practitioners in Songbu Town, Macheng City, Hubei Province were arrested. Two of the arrested are still detained as of February 25, 2023.
ref: 2023 March 5, “Four Hubei Residents Arrested for Raising Awareness about the Persecution of Falun Gong”, in Falun Dafa Information Center, archived from the original on 14 Mar 2023, Persecution in China:
glosses: One who does anything customarily or habitually.
examples: text: […] the men of St. John's were cunning practitioners, in shaking off their Masters and Heads.
ref: c. 1572, John Whitgift, Admonition to the Parliament:
glosses: A sly or artful person.
Derived terms: archpractitioner
arch-practitioner
copractitioner
cultural practitioner
general practitioner
healthcare practitioner
malpractitioner
medical practitioner
nonpractitioner
nurse practitioner
nurse-practitioner
pracademic
practitionership
quacktitioner
respiratory practitioner
telepractitioner
Related terms: practic
practicable
practical
practice
practise
milkman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɪlkmən/
Forms: form: milkmen
Etymology: From milk + -man.
Senses: examples: text: Our milkman is a jovial character, but not one given to yodelling at the customers on his round. Only the resounding "clonk" of bottles advises us that a couple of pints have been left on the doorstep.
ref: 1959 March, R. C. Riley, “Home with the Milk”, in Trains Illustrated, page 154:
glosses: A man who delivers milk to households and sometimes businesses early in the morning.
glosses: A black man who prefers dating white women.
Synonyms: word: dairyman
word: milkie
word: milko
word: milkwoman
Derived terms: glint in the milkman's eye
bettor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɛtə/
ipa: /ˈbɛtɚ/
ipa: [-ɾɚ]
ipa: /ˈbetə/
rhymes: -ɛtə
rhymes: -ɛtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: bettors
form: better
Etymology: From bet + -or.
Senses: examples: text: In fact, as Ambrose Hammer places the cage on our table and then sits down beside me, Mindy approaches us, and says to Ambrose: "Horse players, yes," Mindy says. "Wrong bettors, yes. Dogs and song writers and actors, yes. But parrots," Mindy says, "no. Take it away," he says.
ref: 1944, Damon Runyon, Runyon à la Carte:"So You Won't Talk!":
text: Still others, chasing the mirage of vast riches bettors think are there for the taking, seek information or tips from any and all, despite all omens, silent writing on the wall and dire predictions about their fates, like the title of Damon Runyon's book All Horse Players Die Broke.
ref: 2003, Bert Sugar, Horse Sense: An Inside Look at the Sport of Kings, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:
glosses: A person who makes a bet, such as a wager on the outcome of a game of chance or a sporting event.
hooding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhʊdɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʊdɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: Much experimental work was undertaken in the determination of suitable lighting standards for emergency conditions in railway yards and at passenger stations in order to ascertain the most effective methods, and the hooding of electric signal lights and the provision of other precautionary lighting equipment was carried out during the early summer months. Measures were taken to obscure the glare from locomotive fireboxes, by arranging removable hooding over the footplate, linking the engine cab with the tender.
ref: 1939 November, Charles E. Lee, “Railways and the War — I”, in Railway Magazine, page 317:
glosses: present participle and gerund of hood
hooding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhʊdɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʊdɪŋ
Senses: glosses: The expansion of the neck of an elapid called hood.
proactive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəʊˈæk.tɪv/
ipa: /pɹoʊˈæk.tɪv/
rhymes: -æktɪv
Forms: form: more proactive
form: most proactive
Etymology: From pro- + active; originally coined 1933 by Paul Whiteley and Gerald Blankfort in a psychology paper, used in technical sense. Used in a popular context and sense (courage, perseverance) in 1946 book Man’s Search for Meaning by neuropsychiatrist Viktor Emil Frankl, in the context of dealing with the Holocaust, as contrast with reactive.
Senses: examples: text: We can deal with each problem as it pops up, or we can take a proactive stance and try to prevent future problems.
text: Staff are also proactive in approaching any passengers looking as though they need assistance, rather than waiting to be approached.
ref: 2019 December 4, Andy Coward, “Derby's crowning achievement”, in Rail, page 56:
glosses: Acting in advance to deal with an expected change or difficulty
wikipedia: Viktor Emil Frankl
Synonyms: anticipatory
forward-looking
Derived terms: proactively
proactivity
proaction
proactiveness
Related terms: preactive
proact
proactor