cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
attorney's work product
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Evidence which a party to a lawsuit does not have to reveal during the discovery process because it represents the thought process of the attorney preparing for trial.
gravestone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɹeɪvstoʊn/
Forms: form: gravestones
Etymology: From Middle English graveston, gravestone, gravestan, equivalent to grave + stone.
Senses: examples: text: The value of gravestone inscriptions for ancestral research has long been recognised. The discovery of a single gravestone may provide more information on the history of a family than could be gleaned from […]
ref: 2005, William J. Roulston, Researching Scots-Irish Ancestors: The Essential Genealogical Guide to Early Modern Ulster, 1600-1800, Ulster Historical Foundation, →ISBN, page 41:
text: How the gravestone got inside the home in Okemos, Michigan, outside Lansing? Now that’s a mystery, according to Friends of Lansing’s Historic Cemeteries (FOLHC) President Loretta S. Stanaway.
ref: 2021 September 24, Lauren M. Johnson and Christina Zdanowicz, “A gravestone missing for almost 150 years was being used as a marble slab to make fudge”, in CNN:
text: On a cold, wet March day, about 20 river cruise passengers, many from the United States, follow their Dutch tour guide through rows of rain-soaked gravestones at the Netherlands American Cemetery and Memorial.
ref: 2024 September 12, Blane Bachelor, “A culture of commemoration is still thriving in this Dutch town 80 years after its liberation”, in CNN:
synonyms: headstone
tombstone
glosses: A stone slab set at the head of a grave.
Derived terms: gravestoned
Related terms: through-stone
Plautine
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Plautine
form: most Plautine
Etymology: From Latin Plautīnus.
Senses: synonyms: Plautian
Plautinian
glosses: Of or pertaining to, or in the style of, Plautus (a Roman comic playwright), his works, or his authorship.
micrographia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From micro- + -graphia.
Senses: glosses: The condition of having small handwriting, sometimes a symptom of Parkinson's disease and related conditions.
pinealocyte
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pinealocytes
Etymology: From pineal + -o- + -cyte.
Senses: examples: text: The pineal gland is lined on the inside with tissue called pinealocytes. These pinealocytes are similar to the rods and cones in the retina of your eye. That’s right; it’s the third eye! Your brain has a third eye in the center and it has retinal tissue. It also has the same wiring that your physical eyes do to the visual cortex in your brain! How did they know that all the way back when?
ref: 2017, 3:41 from the start, in The secrets of the pineal gland - full, spoken by David Wilcock (David Wilcock), YouTube: Collective Awakening:
glosses: A single cell within the pineal gland which is involved in melatonin secretion and circadian rhythms.
Derived terms: pinealocytic
melatonin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɛləˈtəʊnɪn/
ipa: /ˌmɛləˈtoʊnɪn/
ipa: /ˌmeləˈtəʉnɪn/
ipa: /ˌmeləˈtɐʉnən/
Forms: form: melatonins
Etymology: Blend of melanin + serotonin.
Senses: examples: text: How exactly melatonin relates to sleep is still not understood.
ref: 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 310:
glosses: A hormone, related to serotonin, that is secreted by the pineal gland, and stimulates colour change in the skin of reptiles, and is involved in the sleep/wake and reproductive cycles in mammals.
glosses: Any material similar in its chemistry and effect to the natural hormone.
Derived terms: melatonergic
prefixes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of prefix
glosses: plural of prefixe
prefixes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of prefix
languorously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more languorously
form: most languorously
Etymology: From languorous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: I stretched languorously, and then remained in bed.
text: "I did!" She had reached the barricades, and leaned over them languorously. "I can't take all the credit, though, just, you know, most of it." She folded her arms over the edge, and kicked back both of her feet again and again. "Somebody once told me I have a mind like a steel trap."
ref: 2023 October 14, HarryBlank, “Face Time”, in SCP Foundation, archived from the original on 23 May 2024:
glosses: In a languorous manner; without exertion; lazily.
lankly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more lankly
form: most lankly
Etymology: From lank + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a lank way.
lankness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lanknesses
Etymology: From lank + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The boy's lankness reflected his malnutrition.
text: The gravity of his dress, together with a certain lankness of cheek and stiffness of deportment, added nearly ten years to his age, but his figure was that of one not yet past thirty.
ref: 1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 35.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC:
text: Phryne going to the Bath as Venus.— […] Was ever such a heap of rag dolls ever brought together and called men and women. Venuses indeed!—say rather limp-lanknesses seen through a burnt-sienna fog in a classical dream after falling asleep over one of Racine’s tragedies.
ref: 1856 November 15, “Turner’s Pictures at Marlborough House”, in The Athenæum, number 1516, page 1407:
text: When he turned inquiringly toward them they saw that he was stoop-shouldered; though not from any deformity, but from sheer, slouching lankness.
ref: 1914, B. M. Bower, chapter 8, in Flying U Ranch:
glosses: The property of being lank, slender or thin.
examples: text: Linen, from what œconomy I know not, is seldom allowed in those portraits, even to the ladies, who lean carelesly on a bank, and play with a parrot they do not look at, under a tranquillity which ill accords with their seeming situation, the slightness of their vestment and the lankness of their hair having the appearance of their being just risen from the bath, and of having found none of their cloaths to put on, but a loose gown.
ref: 1771, Horace Walpole, chapter 1, in Anecdotes of Painting in England, volume 4, page 2:
glosses: The property of being lank: straight, flat and limp. (of hair)
Homburg hat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Homburg hats
Senses: glosses: A stiff felt hat similar to a fedora.
Synonyms: Homburg
lamington
layover
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈleɪˌəʊvə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: layovers
Etymology: From lay + over.
Senses: examples: text: We had a layover while waiting to change planes, so we stretched our legs.
text: We could restore a second platform at Battersby to eliminate the long layover in the branch stub that is currently required for trains to pass one another.
ref: 2019 October, James Abbott, “Esk Valley revival”, in Modern Railways, page 78:
text: Waddicor will be here for a while. The double shunts take an hour. But it's a scheduled four-hour reload and layover, ahead of his return train back to Didcot.
ref: 2025 August 20, Paul Clifton, “A driver's eye view of East West Rail”, in RAIL, number 1042, page 35:
glosses: A break between stages of a journey.
Related terms: stopover
lead-in
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈliːdɪn/
rhymes: -iːdɪn
Forms: form: lead-ins
Etymology: Deverbal from lead in.
Senses: examples: text: After the long lead-in, the climax of the story was a disappointment.
glosses: An introduction; something that leads into the beginning of something.
glosses: A region of data at the beginning of a compact disc, holding the table of contents.
topics: journalism
media
glosses: A short phrase that begins the caption of a photograph.
Synonyms: sense: introduction
word: preface
word: prologue
word: foreword
sense: phrase at start of caption
word: kicker
anticlimactic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more anticlimactic
form: most anticlimactic
Etymology: From anti- + climactic.
Senses: examples: text: After all the build up, the ending of the story was an anticlimactic letdown.
glosses: Lacking climax, disappointing or ironically insignificant following of impressive foreshadowing.
Derived terms: anticlimactically
Related terms: anticlimax
ironically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more ironically
form: most ironically
Etymology: From ironic + -ally.
Senses: examples: text: My colleague ironically avoids doctors like the plague!
topics: manner
glosses: In an ironic manner; in a way displaying irony.
examples: text: Ironically, the automated checkout system ended up costing more in repairs than the workers it was meant to replace.
qualifier: evaluative
glosses: Used to draw attention to an ironic aspect of a situation being described.
Derived terms: unironically
leadoff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: leadoffs
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of lead off.
leadoff
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The leadoff batter began the inning with a double, setting a good example for the following players.
topics: ball-games
baseball
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Beginning something by leading the way.
Derived terms: leadoff hitter
leeriness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From leery + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: In response to many people's leeriness of strangers, sharing economy companies often promote their background screening mechanisms.
ref: 2014, Emma Sadleir, Tamsyn de Beer, Don't Film Yourself Having Sex, Penguin Random House South Africa, →ISBN, page 113:
glosses: The property of being leery, suspiciousness, distrustfulness.
suspiciousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From suspicious + -ness.
Senses: synonyms: dubiousness
fishiness
iffiness
glosses: The state or quality of being suspicious in the sense of arousing suspicion.
synonyms: distrustfulness
leeriness
mistrustfulness
glosses: The state or quality of being suspicious in the sense of being distrustful or tending to suspect.
leftist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛf.tɪst/
ipa: /ˈlef.tɪst/
rhymes: -ɛftɪst
Forms: form: leftists
Etymology: From left + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: The first major clash between the two groups occurred in Shih-ho-tzu on January 26, 1967, with the leftists admitting they had suffered a bloody defeat.
ref: 1976, June Teufel Dreyer, China's Forty Millions: Minority Nationalities and National Integration in the People's Republic of China, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 214:
topics: government
politics
synonyms: left-winger
coordinate_terms: centrist
rightist
qualifier: generally
glosses: A person who holds views associated with the political left.
topics: government
politics
glosses: Someone who holds socialist or communist-leaning economic views, usually alongside progressive social views; an anticapitalist.
Derived terms: far leftist
nonleftist
regressive leftist
ultraleftist
leftist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛf.tɪst/
ipa: /ˈlef.tɪst/
rhymes: -ɛftɪst
Forms: form: more leftist
form: most leftist
Etymology: From left + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: In law school, when we students thought the outcome of a case was determined by a rule we had studied, leftist professors admonished us, “Tools not rules!” In other words, rules control nothing; they’re merely tools you manipulate for the results you want. The fancy word for this kind of amorality is “instrumentalism,” and it subverts the rule of law.
ref: 2023 November 29 – December 5, Rob Natelson, “Why I Still Doubt the 2020 Election”, in The Epoch Times, U.S. edition, number 488, A, page 17:
glosses: Of or pertaining to the political left.
Derived terms: far-leftist
nonleftist
ultraleftist
Related terms: lefty
letup
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: letups
form: let-up
Etymology: Deverbal from let up.
Senses: examples: text: without letup
text: It rained without letup for many hours.
text: We waited for a letup in the rain, then we ran home before it started again.
glosses: A pause or period of slackening.
levelness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From level + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The inspector checked the levelness of the floor before approving the work.
glosses: The property of being level.
lollypop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lollypops
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of lollipop.
knocked up
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: My name is Wendy and I first moved to New York when I was 21 to be a dancer, but I broke my big toe and then I got knocked up by this actor who dumped me to join the Peace Corps, so for the last 16 years I been raising my daughter all by myself and then two weeks ago, she tells me that she is a bisexual and that she hates me more than any person on this planet.
ref: 2000, Gina Wendkos, Coyote Ugly (motion picture), spoken by Wendy (Ellen Cleghorne):
text: I ask him why she doesn't get on methadone while she's knocked up. He says because she not only uses heroin but she's a crystal meth head and a crack head to boot. She got knocked up by a John she picked up one night hooking.
ref: 2011, Anna Young, I Hate Myself and Want to Die, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 179:
synonyms: word: big
word: carrying
word: child-great
word: delicate
word: eating for two
word: enceinte
word: expectant
word: expecting
word: fertilized
word: full
word: gestating
word: gravid
word: great
word: have a bun in the oven
word: heavy
word: hormonal
word: in a family way
word: in the club
word: in the pudding club
word: knocked up
word: preg
word: pregs
word: preggers
word: preggie
word: preggo
word: pregnant
word: pupped
word: quick
word: up the duff
word: up the kyte
word: up the stick
word: up the stump
word: up the spout
word: with child
qualifier: principally American
glosses: Pregnant, typically outside of marriage.
examples: text: I walked about the streets where the best shops for ladies were, I haunted the Bazaar like an unquiet spirit, I fagged through the Park again and again, long after I was quite knocked up.
ref: 1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:
glosses: Exhausted; worn out or used up.
knocked up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of knock up
kilted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From kilt + -ed.
Senses: glosses: Having on a kilt.
glosses: Plaited after the manner of kilting.
glosses: Tucked or fastened up; said of petticoats, etc.
Synonyms: sense: wearing a kilt
word: bekilted
Derived terms: high-kilted
kilted sausage
unkilted
apostrophic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɒfɪk
Etymology: From apostrophe + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: 7 June 1820, Lord Byron, a letter to Mr. Murray written from Ravenna
Mrs. Hemans is a poet also, but too stiltified and apostrophic, […]
text: The approach itself is apostrophic; or, if a more canonical term is required, it is phenomenological.
ref: 1971, John Theodore Braun, The Apostrophic Gesture, page 22:
glosses: Pertaining to the rhetoric use of, or using, apostrophe (sudden, exclamatory dialogue).
examples: text: All we need to know is that, in Shakespeare’s time, an apostrophe indicated omitted letters, which meant Hamlet could say with supreme apostrophic confidence: “Fie on’t! O fie!”; […]
ref: 2003 November 6, Lynne Truss, “The Tractable Apostrophe”, in Eats, Shoots & Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation, London: Profile Books Ltd, →ISBN, page 38:
topics: communications
journalism
literature
media
orthography
publishing
writing
glosses: Pertaining to the grammatical use of, or using, the apostrophe (the diacritical mark ').
Derived terms: apostrophically
dastard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑːstəd/
ipa: /ˈdæstəd/
ipa: /ˈdæstɚd/
rhymes: (UK) -ɑːstəd
rhymes: (General American) -æstə(ɹ)d
Forms: form: dastards
Etymology: From Middle English dastard (“a dullard”), most likely formed from *dast, a base derived from Old Norse dæstr (“exhausted, breathless”) + -ard. Compare Icelandic dasaður (“exhausted”), dialectal Swedish däst (“weary”), Middle Dutch dasaert, daasaardt (“a fool”), English dazed (“stupefied”).
Senses: examples: text: I thought ye would never have given out these arms till you had recovered your ancient freedom: but you are all recreants and dastards, and delight to live in slavery to the nobility.
ref: 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene viii]:
text: The dastard, that did heare him selfe defyde, / Seem'd not to weigh his threatfull words at all, / But laught them out, as if his greater pryde, / Did scorne the challenge of so base a thrall: Or had not courage, or else had no gall.
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 36:
text: My client, an innately bashful man, would be the last man in the world to do anything ungentlemanly which injured modesty could object to or cast a stone at a girl who took the wrong turning when some dastard, responsible for her condition, had worked his own sweet will on her.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
glosses: A malicious coward; a dishonorable sneak.
Derived terms: dastardling
dastardy
dastard
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑːstəd/
ipa: /ˈdæstəd/
ipa: /ˈdæstɚd/
rhymes: (UK) -ɑːstəd
rhymes: (General American) -æstə(ɹ)d
Forms: form: more dastard
form: most dastard
Etymology: From Middle English dastard (“a dullard”), most likely formed from *dast, a base derived from Old Norse dæstr (“exhausted, breathless”) + -ard. Compare Icelandic dasaður (“exhausted”), dialectal Swedish däst (“weary”), Middle Dutch dasaert, daasaardt (“a fool”), English dazed (“stupefied”).
Senses: examples: text: 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book III, Canto One, Stanza 22, in The Faerie Queene, Books Three and Four, edited by Dorothy Stephens, Hackett, 2006, p. 13,
Like dastard Curres, that having at a bay
The salvage beast embost in wearie chace,
Dare not adventure on the stubborne pray,
Ne byte before, but rome from place to place,
To get a snatch, when turned is his face.
text: Now dragg'd once more beyond the western main,
To groan beneath some dastard planter’s chain;
Where my poor countrymen in bondage wait
The long enfranchisement of ling’ring fate:
ref: 1789, Olaudah Equiano, chapter 5, in The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano:
text: Observe, too, that this is all a modern affair; belongs not to the old heroic times, but to these dastard new times. ‘Happiness our being’s end and aim’ is at bottom, if we will count well, not yet two centuries old in the world.
ref: 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “ch. IV, Happy”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book III (The Modern Worker):
glosses: Meanly shrinking from danger, cowardly, dastardly.
dastard
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑːstəd/
ipa: /ˈdæstəd/
ipa: /ˈdæstɚd/
rhymes: (UK) -ɑːstəd
rhymes: (General American) -æstə(ɹ)d
Forms: form: dastards
form: dastarding
form: dastarded
form: dastarded
Etymology: From Middle English dastard (“a dullard”), most likely formed from *dast, a base derived from Old Norse dæstr (“exhausted, breathless”) + -ard. Compare Icelandic dasaður (“exhausted”), dialectal Swedish däst (“weary”), Middle Dutch dasaert, daasaardt (“a fool”), English dazed (“stupefied”).
Senses: examples: 1665, John Dryden, The Indian Emperour, or the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards, being the Sequel of The Indian Queen, Act II, Scene 1, http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/12166/pg12166-images.html
Would my short life had yet a shorter date! / I'm weary of this flesh which holds us here, / And dastards manly souls with hope and fear; / These heats and colds still in our breast make war, / Agues and fevers all our passions are.
glosses: To dastardize.
Synonyms: poltroon
craven
Derived terms: dastardly
dastardness
buta
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: butas
Etymology: Borrowed from Classical Persian بته (butta); see boteh.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of boteh.
evet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: evets
form: evat
Etymology: See eft.
Senses: glosses: The common newt or eft.
glosses: Any of several species of aquatic salamanders.
heavenly body
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: heavenly bodies
Senses: synonyms: celestial body
wanderstar
glosses: A natural celestial object, visible in the sky, such as a star, planet, natural satellite, asteroid, comet, the Moon or the Sun. Objects flying or moving in the atmosphere are not usually considered as heavenly bodies.
glosses: An astronomical object.
topics: Christianity
lifestyle
religion
glosses: The recreated, angel-like body that people will have in heaven.
Related terms: luminary
shend
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃɛnd/
rhymes: -ɛnd
Forms: form: shends
form: shending
form: shent
form: shent
Etymology: From Middle English shenden, from Old English sċendan (“to put to shame, blame, disgrace”), from Proto-West Germanic *skandijan (“to scold, berate”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kem- (“to cover”). Cognate with Dutch schenden (“to infringe, profane, defile”), German schänden (“defile”). Related to Old English sċand (“infamy, shame, scandal”). More at shand, shame.
Senses: examples: text: Her fawning love with foule disdainefull spight
He would not shend
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
text: Do you hear how we are shent for keeping your greatness back?
ref: c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:
glosses: To disgrace or put to shame.
glosses: To blame.
examples: text: Go see their fleet and arms, their manner view / of moulded metal, ready all to shend[.]
ref: 1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 279:
glosses: To destroy; to spoil.
examples: text: Since sware the Parcæ unto me, their friend, / they shall adore my name, my favour prize; / and, as their feats of armèd prowess shend / all feats of rival Rome, I lief devise / some mode of aidance in what things I may, / far as our force o'er man extendeth sway.
ref: 1880, Richard Francis Burton, Os Lusíadas, volume II, page 339:
text: Not since I backed a horse have I been perssed so hard; peril of life, jeopardy of land and livelihood, and to sum up, all these losels in the wood to hunt me down. But I be not yet shent. Some of my lads will pick me their way home.
ref: 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Chapter 7, The Hooded Face”, in The Black Arrow:
glosses: To overpower; to surpass.
Derived terms: shendship
shende
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: shendes
form: shending
form: shent
form: shent
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of shend.
göl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: göls
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of gul.
shikse
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shikses
Senses: examples: text: My father…and a shikse? Can’t be. Was beyond his ken. My own father – fucked shikses? I’ll admit under duress that he fucked my mother…but shikses? I can no more imagine him knocking over a gas station.
ref: 1969, Philip Roth, Portnoys Complaint:
text: So that's your task when your mother releases you into the world: to warm back into life the chilly universe of shiksehs.
ref: 2006, Howard Jacobson, Kalooki Nights, Vintage, published 2007, page 26:
glosses: Alternative form of shiksa.
damar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: damars
form: dammar
form: dammara
form: dammer
Etymology: From Malay damar.
Compare Middle English dambre (“a kind of resin”).
Senses: glosses: A large tree of the order Coniferae, indigenous to the East Indies and Australasia, now genus Agathis.
glosses: A clear to yellow resin, obtained in Malaya from trees of the genera Shorea (family Dipterocarpaceae) and Symplocos (family Symplocaceae), used in varnishes and inks
glosses: Any of various hard resins, obtained especially from evergreen trees, notably of the genera Agathis (family Araucariaceae) and Hopea (family Dipterocarpaceae), native to southeast Asia, also used in varnishes and lacquers.
suffixes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of suffix
suffixes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of suffix
shive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
Forms: form: shives
Etymology: A parallel form of sheave, from Middle English schyve, from Proto-West Germanic *skībā, from Proto-Germanic *skībǭ, presumably through an Old English *sċīfe (though it is not attested before the Middle English period). Cognate with German Scheibe, late Old Norse skífa (“slice”), brauðskífa (“slice of bread”) (whence Danish skive (“disc, slice”)), Dutch schijf (“disc, slice”).
Senses: examples: text: Of a cut loafe to steale a shiue
ref: c. 1588–1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Lamentable Tragedy of Titus Andronicus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
text: In my cool room with the shutters shut and the thin shives of air and light coming through the slats, I cried myself to sleep in an overloud selfpitying transport.
ref: 1980, Anthony Burgess, Earthly Powers:
glosses: A slice, especially of bread.
glosses: A sheave.
glosses: A beam or plank of split wood.
examples: text: If the conditioning continues to be fairly brisk, a wooden tut might appear to distort a little under the stress of the internal pressure, with the beer seeping out around the tut and shive.
ref: 2011, John Alexander, A Guide to Craft Brewing:
glosses: A flat, wide cork for plugging a large hole or closing a wide-mouthed bottle.
shive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
rhymes: -aɪv
ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
Forms: form: shives
head_nr: 1
Etymology: From Middle English schyfe, schyffe, from Proto-Germanic *skibō-; cognate with German Schäbe, Dutch scheef, and Low German Schääv, all ‘fragment of the woody core of flax or hemp’. The expected pronunciation would be /ʃɪv/; the pronunciation /ʃaɪv/ is probably due to the combined influence of Etymology 1 and the spelling.
Senses: head_nr: 1
glosses: A splinter or fragment of the woody core of flax or hemp broken off in braking or scutching
head_nr: 1
glosses: A plant fragment remaining in scoured wool.
head_nr: 1
glosses: A piece of thread or fluff on the surface of cloth or other material.
topics: arts
crafts
hobbies
lifestyle
papermaking
head_nr: 1
glosses: A dark particle or impurity in finished paper resulting from a bundle of incompletely cooked wood fibres in the pulp.
Synonyms: sense: wood fragment of the husk of flax or hemp
word: shiv
sense: wood fragment of the husk of flax or hemp
word: boon
sense: wood fragment of the husk of flax or hemp
word: shove
sense: wood fragment of the husk of flax or hemp
word: hurd
shive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
rhymes: -aɪv
ipa: /ʃɪv/
rhymes: -ɪv
ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
rhymes: -aɪv
Forms: form: shives
Etymology: Variant of shiv.
Senses: examples: text: So every alleyway down here, every shadow big enough to hide a shive artist with a grudge, is a warm invitation to rewrite history.
ref: 2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 50:
glosses: Alternative form of shiv.
shive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
rhymes: -aɪv
ipa: /ʃɪv/
rhymes: -ɪv
ipa: /ˈʃɪvə/
rhymes: -ɪvə
ipa: /ʃaɪv/
rhymes: -aɪv
rhymes: -aɪv
ipa: /ʃɪv/
rhymes: -ɪv
Etymology: See shiva
Senses: examples: text: There are some cultural details in Schissel’s story that are specific to the Jewish community: the family sits shive (seven days of mourning for the dead), and the preference for silence at that time.
ref: 2010, William Labov, A Life of Learning:
glosses: Alternative spelling of shiva.
Derived terms: sit shive
bat an eyelash
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: bats an eyelash
form: batting an eyelash
form: batted an eyelash
form: batted an eyelash
Senses: glosses: Synonym of bat an eyelid.
synonyms: word: bat an eyelid
hab
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: habs
Etymology: Clipping of the various words indicated in the definitions.
Senses: glosses: A habitation or habitation facility.
glosses: A house.
examples: text: You mix habs into the cheese before stuffing your poppers […]
ref: 2003, James D. Campbell, Mr. Chilehead: Adventures in the Taste of Pain, page 168:
glosses: A habanero.
Related terms: hab or nab
moly
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈməʊli/
rhymes: -əʊli
Forms: form: molies
Etymology: From Latin mōly, from Ancient Greek μῶλυ (môlu) (probably a loanword).
Senses: examples: text: It excels Homers moly, cures this, falling sickness, and almost all other infirmities.
ref: 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 4, member 1, subsection iii:
text: Or, propt on beds of amaranth and moly, / How sweet (while warm airs lull us, blowing lowly,)
ref: 1832 December (indicated as 1833), Alfred Tennyson, “The Lotos-Eaters”, in Poems, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 114:
text: So spoke the Radiant One; then gave me the magic herb, pulling it from the ground and showing me in what form it grew; its root was black, its flower milk-white. Its name among the gods is moly.
ref: 1980, Homer, translated by Walter Shrewing, The Odyssey, Oxford, published 1998, page 120:
text: I would need all the secret herbs of Dicte […] . I would need as well the rest of my moly stores.
ref: 2018, Madeline Miller, Circe, Bloomsbury 2019, p. 113
topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A magic herb or plant used by Odysseus to overcome Circe.
glosses: Any plant associated with the mythological moly, especially the European allium, Allium moly.
moly
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈməʊli/
rhymes: -əʊli
ipa: /ˈmɒli/
rhymes: -ɒli
homophone: molly
ipa: /ˈməʊli/
rhymes: -əʊli
Etymology: Clipping of molybdenum.
Senses: examples: text: The fuselage and tail unit were constructed of welded chrome-moly steel tubing, fabric covered, with two seats in one elongated open 'bathtub' cockpit.
ref: 1990, John Wegg, General Dynamics Aircraft and Their Predecessors, page 55:
glosses: Molybdenum.
glosses: Molybdenum grease.
Derived terms: moly cow
thiabendazole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌθʌɪ.əˈbɛn.də.zəʊl/
ipa: /ˌθaɪ.əˈbɛn.dəˌzoʊl/
Forms: form: thiabendazoles
form: TBZ
Etymology: From thiazole + benzene + imidazole.
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: A synthetic compound with anthelmintic properties, derived from thiazole and used chiefly to treat infestation with intestinal nematodes.
Synonyms: E233 when used as a food preservative
parasiticide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpæɹəˈsɪtɪsaɪd/
Forms: form: parasiticides
Etymology: From parasite + -cide.
Senses: examples: text: Dung beetles dived into delicious organic cowpats left by longhorn cattle that hadn’t been fed wormers and parasiticides
ref: 2020 February 25, Christopher de Bellaigue, “The end of farming?”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Any substance used to kill parasites.
basted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbeɪstɪd/
rhymes: -eɪstɪd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of baste
basted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbeɪstɪd/
rhymes: -eɪstɪd
Senses: glosses: Having been cooked by basting.
Derived terms: unbasted
nisin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nisins
Etymology: Blend of group N + streptococci + inhibitory substance.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A polycyclic peptide produced by fermentation with the bacterium Lactococcus lactis; used as a preservative in processed cheese etc.
Synonyms: E234 when used as a preservative
Derived terms: nisinic
chasten
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃeɪ.sən/
rhymes: -eɪsən
Forms: form: chastens
form: chastening
form: chastened
form: chastened
Etymology: From Middle English chastien, from Old French chastier (“punish”), from Latin castīgō. Doublet of chastise and castigate and related to chaste.
Senses: synonyms: purify
glosses: To make chaste.
examples: text: I will be his father, and he shall be my sonne: if hee commit iniquitie, I will chasten him with the rodde of men, and with the stripes of the children of men.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Samuel 7:14:
synonyms: discipline
glosses: To chastize; to punish or reprimand for the sake of improvement.
synonyms: restrain
moderate
glosses: To render humble or restrained.
Derived terms: chastener
chastenment
rechasten
chastens
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of chasten
natamycin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From translingual nata(lensis) + -mycin (“antibiotic”).
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: An antifungal drug from Streptomyces natalensis, used to treat ophthalmic infections, and as a food preservative.
Synonyms: E235 when used as a preservative
fungicidin
pimaricin
pimaricin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: an antifungal drug used to treat ophthalmic infections, and as a food preservative
Synonyms: E235 when used as a preservative
natamycin
sodium formate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sodium formates
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The sodium salt of formic acid; used in detergents, as a food preservative and in many industrial applications.
Synonyms: E237 when used as a preservative
calcium formate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: the calcium salt of formic acid; used in the scrubbing of flue gases, and as a food preservative
Synonyms: E238 when used as a preservative
chastened
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈtʃeɪsənd/
Forms: form: more chastened
form: most chastened
form: chasten'd
Senses: examples: text: As I look back over life, I see periods, which possibly have been more crowded with ecstatic enjoyment but none in which there was more pure, equable chastened happiness, than those few weeks I spent with my children.
ref: 1861, E. J. Guerin, Mountain Charley, page 23:
glosses: Made chaste; purified; modest.
examples: text: The Trump era is not quite over, however. There are still 10 days of this presidency left, and reports from the Oval Office suggest he no longer feels chastened, regretting having agreed to an orderly transition.
ref: 2021 January 9, Julian Borger, “Insurrection Day: when white supremacist terror came to the US Capitol”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Made moderate; restrained.
glosses: Chastised.
Derived terms: chastenedly
chastenedness
unchastened
chastened
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈtʃeɪsənd/
Forms: form: chasten'd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of chasten
chasten'd
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more chasten'd
form: most chasten'd
Senses: examples: text: Repenting follies that full long have Red,
Heaving her white breast to the balmy air,
Like guilty beauty, chasten'd and more fair
ref: 1829, Edgar Allan Poe, Al Aaraaf:
glosses: Made chaste
chemical abortion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chemical abortions
Senses: glosses: A medical, rather than surgical, abortion induced by a drug.
chemical affinity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chemical affinities
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: All the various attractions between elements and compounds that lead to their reaction.
wikipedia: chemical affinity
chemical engineering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction and operation of industrial process plants, and the physical, chemical and biological processes to create substances or energy in a useful and economic form.
Related terms: chemical engineer
ferrier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ferriers
Etymology: From ferry + -er.
Senses: glosses: a ferryman
Related terms: farrier
furrier
amical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈa.mɪkl/
ipa: /ˈa.mɪ.kəl/
Forms: form: more amical
form: most amical
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French amical, from Latin amīcālis.
Senses: examples: text: The Encyclopédie pulled through this crisis mainly through the amical assistance of Malesherbes, councillor in the Paris Cour des Aides, a member of the Lamoignon clan, and official Director of the Book Trade.
ref: 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 172:
glosses: Friendly, amicable.
material logic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The branch of logic that focuses on the content of reasoning.
Islamophilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Islamo- + -philia.
Senses: antonyms: Islamophobia
glosses: Love or admiration of (the values of) Islam or of Islamic civilization.
Synonyms: Muslimophilia
creamiest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From creamy + -est.
Senses: glosses: superlative form of creamy: most creamy
sociologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sociologists
Etymology: From sociology + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: The great sociologist Zygmunt Bauman argued that philo-Semitism and anti-Semitism both fall under “allosemitism”: literally Othering the Jew. He defined it not as resentment of what is different, which is xenophobia, but rather of what defies order and clear categories. In 1997, he wrote, “The Jew is ambivalence incarnate. And ambivalence is ambivalence mostly because it cannot be contemplated without ambivalent feeling: it is simultaneously attractive and repelling.”
ref: 2020 January 28, Mairov Zonszein, “Christian Zionist philo-Semitism is driving Trump’s Israel policy”, in The Washington Post:
glosses: A scientist studying the field of sociology; a social scientist.
Derived terms: antisociologist
unsociologist
steamier
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of steamy: more steamy
AS level
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: AS levels
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of AS-level.
A-level
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: A-levels
form: A level
Etymology: Short for advanced level.
Senses: examples: text: I took my A-levels last year.
text: Applicants must have at least one A level.
glosses: A non-compulsory examination taken in the final two years of secondary education as a requisite for university or other tertiary education; the qualification obtained by passing such an exam
topics: lifestyle
prostitution
sexuality
glosses: Anal sex.
Related terms: AS-level
O level
S level
T Level
shofar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃəʊ̯fə/
ipa: /ˈʃoʊ̯fɚ/
ipa: /ˈʃoʊ̯fɑɹ/
note: some Ashkenazim
ipa: /ˈʃɔɪ̯fɚ/
note: German Ashkenazim
ipa: /ˈʃaʊ̯fɔʁ/
note: some Lithuanian Ashkenazim
ipa: /ˈʃɛɪ̯fɚ/
note: some Lithuanian Ashkenazim
ipa: /ˈʃəɪ̯fɚ/
homophone: chauffeur stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: shofars
form: shofroth
form: shofarot
form: shofaroth
form: shophar
Etymology: From the Hebrew שׁוֹפָר (shofár, “shofar”).
Senses: examples: text: Thaddeus the fluteplayer had, it seems, found a ram’s horn or shofar, and he was blowing this not in the normal manner of an angry summons but so as to produce a melody of four notes, like a camp call to dinner or parade.
ref: 1985, Anthony Burgess, The Kingdom of the Wicked:
text: “This is one of those times in the history of our country and the world, where we are being presented with a wake up call — the blast of the shofar — to challenge ourselves, to ask, ‘What are we doing? What can we do?’ And know that we can do so much,” said Harris.
ref: 2023 September 13, Gabby Deutch, quoting Kamala Harris, “VP Harris: ‘Blast of the shofar’ presents a ‘wake up call’”, in Jewish Insider:
glosses: A ram’s-horn trumpet, used for Jewish ritual purposes.
shofroth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of shofar
shoneen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈʃəʊniːn/
Forms: form: shoneens
Etymology: Borrowed from Irish Seoinín (“Johnny”), from Seán (“John, John Bull”) + -ín (diminutive suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Good Father John O'Hart
In penal days rode out
To a shoneen who had free lands
And his own snipe and trout.
ref: 1889, W B Yeats, The Ballad of Father O'Hart:
text: So then the citizens begin talking about the Irish language and the corporation meeting and all to that and the shoneens that can’t speak their own language
ref: 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses:
synonyms: West Brit
jackeen
glosses: An Irish person considered excessively Anglophile, an Irish person who acts English or desires to be part of English society.
Hypernyms: race traitor
Derived terms: Shoneenism
Related terms: jackeen
miscreate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /mɪskɹɪˈeɪt/
Forms: form: miscreates
form: miscreating
form: miscreated
form: miscreated
Etymology: From mis- + create.
Senses: glosses: to create wrongly or poorly
Derived terms: miscreation
miscreative
miscreate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /mɪskɹɪˈeɪt/
Etymology: From mis- + create.
Senses: examples: text: miscreate titles
text: With opening titles miscreate, whose right / Suits not in native colours with the truth;
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], line 16:
glosses: Miscreated; illegitimate; forged.
miscreates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of miscreate
medicaster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛdɪkastə/
ipa: /ˈmɛdəˌkæstɚ/
rhymes: -æstə(ɹ)
Forms: form: medicasters
Etymology: From French médicastre or Italian medicastro, from Late Latin medicaster, from Latin medicus (“a doctor, a physician; a surgeon”) + -aster (suffix forming nouns expressing incomplete resemblance, which are thus usually pejorative).
Senses: examples: text: But these innovating Medicaſters have introduced a Practice not only very precarious, but in many Reſpects extremely dangerous, and quite devoid of any one of the Qualities which conſtitute a good Remedy, viz. to cure the Patient, as the Axiom has it, cito, tuto, & jucunde, i.e. ſpeedily, ſafely, and pleaſantly.
ref: 1751, Giovanni Bianchi, A Dissertation against Blisters, Delivered in a Speech, before the Lyncean Academy at Rimino, in June 1746, London: Printed by M. Cooper, at the Globe in Paternoster-Row, M. Sheepy, under the Royal Exchange Cornhill; and J. Swan, opposite to Northumberland-House by Charing-Cross, →OCLC, page 40:
text: The most idiotic medicaster, when he had named, or, as they term it, diagnosticated a typhoid fever, found himself upon a level with the medical celebrities of the epoch. […] If the patient died, that was perfectly simple: he had a typhoid fever to which he was inevitably doomed to succumb! If he recovered, what a noble triumph for the medicaster, even when he had perhaps arbitrarily imposed the name of typhoid upon a simple and benignant fever, as is constantly done!
ref: 1853 October, J. B. Cayol, “Art. I. Memoir upon Typhoid Fever and Typhoidism. By J. B. Cayol, formerly Professor of Clinical Medicine to the Faculty of Paris; Member of Many Learned Socieities at Home and Abroad, etc. (Translated from the Revue Médicale.)”, in Drs. Otis and McCaw, editors, The Virginia Medical and Surgical Journal, volume II, Richmond, Va.: Printed by Colin & Nowlan, →OCLC, page 3:
text: [I]t [opium] is a double-edged sword, a divine gift in the hands of a master, a poison in those of a mere routinist—a medicaster—a demi-physician.
ref: 1866, R[obert] Nelson, “Treatment”, in Asiatic Cholera: Its Origin and Spread in Asia, Africa, and Europe, Introduction into America through Canada; Remote and Proximate Causes, Symptoms and Pathology, and the Various Modes of Treatment Analyzed, New York, N.Y.: William A. Townsend, publisher, 434 Broome Street, →OCLC, page 188:
text: [I]f pushed, I would judge that many of those ‘medicasters’ and ‘charlatans’ commonly arraigned as tricksters were less cheats than zealots: if we are to speak of delusion, it is primarily self-delusion[…].
ref: 1989, Roy Porter, “Preface”, in Health for Sale: Quackery in England 1660–1850, Manchester; New York, N.Y.: Manchester University Press, →ISBN, page vi:
glosses: A quack doctor; someone who pretends to have medical knowledge.
wikipedia: Edward Linley Sambourne
Synonyms: word: quack
word: quacksalver
medicasters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of medicaster
democratise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈmɒkɹətaɪz/
Forms: form: democratises
form: democratising
form: democratised
form: democratised
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of democratize (“to make democratic”).
Derived terms: democratisation
democratiser
undemocratise
democratises
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of democratise
democratize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈmɒkɹətaɪz/
Forms: form: democratizes
form: democratizing
form: democratized
form: democratized
form: democratise
Etymology: From French démocratiser.
Senses: qualifier: strictly
glosses: To make democratic.
glosses: To broaden access to (something), especially for the sake of egalitarianism.
Derived terms: democratizable
democratization
democratizer
redemocratize
undemocratize
undemocratized
democratisers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of democratiser
democratiser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: democratisers
Etymology: From democratise + -er.
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of democratizer (“one who democratises”).
ergology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ergologies
Etymology: From ergo- + -logy.
Senses: glosses: The study of the psychological effects of work, or of work patterns; especially the causes of work-related stress (job stress).
topics: anthropology
ethnology
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: Knowledge originating from the study of the object culture of non-European traditional societies.