doff
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɒf/
ipa: /dɔf/
ipa: /dɑf/
rhymes: -ɒf
Forms: form: doffs
form: doffing
form: doffed
form: doffed
form: no-table-tags
form: glossary
form: doff
form: doff
form: doffed
form: doff
form: doffest
form: doffed
form: doffedst
form: doffs
form: doffeth
form: doffed
form: doff
form: doffed
form: doff
form: doffed
form: doff
form: -
form: doffing
form: doffed
Etymology: PIE word
 *h₂epó
The verb is derived from Late Middle English doffen (“to take off (clothing); to remove (headwear) as a sign of respect; to remove (grease) by skimming”), a contraction of Middle English do off, don off, from Old English dōn of, from dōn (“to do; to put; to take off, remove”) + of (“from; off”). Dōn is derived from Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do; to place, put”), from Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do; to make; to place, put”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). By surface analysis, do + off. Compare don (by surface analysis, do + on), dout (do + out), dup (do + up).
The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: […] Calidore perceiuing, thought it beſt / To chaunge the manner of his loftie looke; / And doffing his bright armes, himſelfe addreſt / In ſhepheards vveed, and in his hand he tooke, / In ſtead of ſteelehead ſpeare, a ſhepheards hooke, […]
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 36, page 476:
text: Thou vveare a Lyons hide, doff it for ſhame, / And hang a Calues skin on thoſe recreant limbes.
ref: c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 9, column 1:
text: You haue deceiu'd our truſt, / And made vs doffe our eaſie roabes of peace, / To cruſh our old limbs in vngentle ſteele, / This is not vvell my Lord, this is not vvell.
ref: c. 1597 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The History of Henrie the Fourth; […], quarto edition, London: […] P[eter] S[hort] for Andrew Wise, […], published 1598, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i], signature I2, recto:
text: [T]hen made him d'off thoſe vveeds: / And ſent the Mightie vnto mightie deeds.
ref: 1626, Ovid, “The Thirteenth Booke”, in George Sandys, transl., Ovid’s Metamorphosis Englished […], London: […] William Stansby, →OCLC, page 259:
text: Upon a riſing bank I ſat adovvn, / Then doff'd my ſhoe, […]
ref: 1714, J[ohn] Gay, “Thursday; or, The Spell”, in The Shepherd’s Week. In Six Pastorals, London: […] R. Burleigh […], →OCLC, page 32, lines 20–21:
text: The little vvarriors doff the targe and ſpear, […]
ref: 1771, James Beattie, The Minstrel; or, The Progress of Genius. A Poem. Book the First, London: […] E[dward] & C[harles] Dilly, […]; Edinburgh: A[lexander] Kincaid and W[illiam] Creech; and J[ohn] Bell, […], →OCLC, stanza XXXVII, page 19:
text: [J]uſt for fun's ſake, doff your coat and vvaiſtcoat, and ſvvop vvith Monſieur Grinagain here, and I'll vvarrant you'll not knovv yourſelf vvhich is vvhich.
ref: 1778, [Frances Burney], “Letter XXI. Evelina in Continuation.”, in Evelina, or, A Young Lady’s Entrance into the World, volume III, London: […] T[homas] Lowndes, […], →OCLC, page 252:
text: Beside him ancient Angus stood, / Doffed his furred gown, and sable hood; […]
ref: 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Canto Sixth. The Battle.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza XI, page 333:
text: I pray thee to call my slaves to unarm me; and when thou thyself doffest those weapons of an ordinary lifeguard's-man, tell them they never shall above twice more enclose the limbs of one for whom fate has much more fitting garments in store.
ref: 1830 November – 1831 November (date written), Jedadiah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter XI, in Tales of My Landlord, Fourth and Last Series. […], volume II (Count Robert of Paris), Edinburgh: […] [Ballantyne and Company] for Robert Cadell; London: Whittaker and Co., published 1 December 1831 (indicated as 1832), →OCLC, page 279:
text: Thou turnedst my mourning to dancing: / Thou doffedst my sackcloth, / And girdedst me round with gladness.
ref: 1850, Frederic Fysh, “Psalm XXX. A Psalm (a Song at the Dedication of the House) of David.”, in A Lyrical Literal Version of the Psalms. […], volume I, London: Seeleys […], →OCLC, stanza III, verse 11, page 56:
text: But in the falling afternoon return'd / The huge Earl Doorm with plunder to the hall. / His lusty spearmen follow'd him with noise: / Each hurling down a heap of things that rang / Against the pavement, cast his lance aside, / And doff'd his helm: […]
ref: 1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Enid”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 77:
text: [A]t night, or in the rain, / He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn: […]
ref: 1867, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Adirondacs. A Journal. Dedicated to My Fellow-travellers in August, 1858.”, in May-Day and Other Pieces, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 47:
text: She had doffed the shirt and Bermuda-shorts which she had been wearing and was now dressed for her journey home.
ref: 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter 7, in Jeeves in the Offing, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1963 (1975 printing), →OCLC, page 59:
topics: business
clothing
fashion
lifestyle
manufacturing
textiles
antonyms: don#Etymology 2
put on
glosses: To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried).
examples: text: The rustics doffed their hats at the clergy.
text: [H]is courtesy to show, / He doffed, to Marmion bending low, / His broidered cap and plume.
ref: 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Canto Fifth. The Court.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, stanza VIII, page 252:
text: Were there really seventy-three ways to doff one's hat? / There were! I'd rather suspected that
ref: 2010, Jim Burke, “Hail the Chap”, in I Say!, performed by Mr.B The Gentleman Rhymer [pseudonym; Jim Burke]:
topics: business
clothing
fashion
lifestyle
manufacturing
textiles
antonyms: don#Etymology 2
put on
glosses: To remove or take off (something worn on the body such as armour or clothing, or something carried).
To remove or tip (a hat or other headwear) in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect.
examples: text: VVhy art thou troubled Herod? vvhat vaine feare / Thy blood-revolving Breſt to rage doth move? / Heavens King, vvho doffs himſelfe vveake fleſh to vveare, / Comes not to rule in vvrath, but ſerve in love.
ref: 1646, Richard Crashaw, “Sospetto d’Herode. Libro Primo.”, in Steps to the Temple. Sacred Poems, with Other Delights of the Muses, London: […] T. W. for Humphrey Moseley, […], →OCLC, stanza 65, page 72:
qualifier: archaic except UK
glosses: To undress (oneself); to divest, to strip.
examples: text: Doff that stupid idea: it will never work.
text: […] Romeo doffe thy name, / And for thy name vvhich is no part of thee, / Take all my ſelfe.
ref: c. 1591–1595 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] Romeo and Iuliet. […] (Second Quarto), London: […] Thomas Creede, for Cuthbert Burby, […], published 1599, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], signature D2, verso:
text: [H]ee (to requite their courteſie) oftentimes d'offeth off his ovvne Nature, and puts of theirs; as vvhen hee becomes as churliſh as a Hogge, or as drunke as a Sovv: […]
ref: 1599 (first performance), B. I. [i.e., Ben Jonson], The Comicall Satyre of Euery Man out of His Humor. […], London: […] [Adam Islip] for William Holme, […], published 1600, →OCLC, Act V, scene iii, signature [P iv], verso:
text: Novv is the time of helpe: your eye in Scotland / VVould create Soldiours, make our vvomen fight, / To doffe their dire diſtreſſes.
ref: c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 147, column 2:
text: Thus death, vvho kings and tars deſpatches, / Tom's life hath vainly doff'd; / For though his body's under hatches, / His ſoul is gone aloft.
ref: [1781?], [Charles] Dibdin, “Poor Tom: Or, The Sailor’s Epitaph”, in The Bull-finch. Being a Choice Collection of the Newest and Most Favourite English Songs which have been Sett to Music and Sung at the Public Theatres & Gardens, London: […] G[eorge] Robinson and R[ichards] Baldwin […], and G. & J. Wilkie […], →OCLC, stanza 3, page 199:
text: Power laid his rod of rule aside, / And Ceremony doffed his pride.
ref: 1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Introduction to Canto Sixth: To Richard Heber, Esq.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, page 301:
glosses: To cast aside or get rid of (something), to throw off.
topics: business
manufacturing
textiles
glosses: To remove (a bobbin or spindle which is full of spun yarn) from a spinning frame for replacement with an empty one.
topics: business
manufacturing
textiles
glosses: To remove (small pieces of cotton or other plant fibre, etc.) from a carding cylinder.
examples: text: Euery day, thou dofftſt me, vvith ſome deuiſe Iago; / And rather, as it ſeemes to me, thou keepeſt from me, / All conueniency, then ſupplieſt me, vvith the leaſt / Aduantage of hope: […]
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], pages 77–78:
text: VVhen to one Goat, they reach that prickly vveed, / VVhich maketh all the reſt forbeare to feed; / Or ſtrevv Tods haires, or vvith their tailes do ſvveepe / The devvy graſſe, to d'off the ſimpler ſheepe; […]
ref: a. 1638 (date written), Benjamin Jonson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “The Sad Shepherd: Or, A Tale of Robin-Hood”, in The Workes of Benjamin Jonson. The Second Volume. […] (Second Folio), London: […] Richard Meighen, published 1640, →OCLC, Act I, scene iiii, page 134:
glosses: To put off or turn away (someone) with an excuse, etc.
examples: text: And [the goose] feeding high, and living soft, / Grew plump and able-bodied; / Until the grave churchwarden doff'd, / The parson smirk'd and nodded.
ref: 1832, Alfred Tennyson, “The Goose”, in Poems. […], volume I, London: Edward Moxon, […], published 1842, →OCLC, stanza V, page 231:
glosses: To remove or tip a hat or other headwear in greeting or salutation, or as a mark of respect.
examples: text: VVhy, look'ye, Major Sturgeon, I don't much care for your poppers and ſharpes, becauſe vvhy, they are out of my vvay; but if you vvill doff vvith your boots, and box a couple of bouts.
ref: 1763 June 20 (first performance), Samuel Foote, The Mayor of Garret. A Comedy, […], London: […] P[aul] Vaillant, […], published 1764, →OCLC, Act II, scene [ii], page 45:
glosses: Followed by with: to remove or take off something worn on the body, or something carried.
Derived terms: word: daff
word: doffer
word: doffing
word: doff one's hat to
word: undoffed