cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
dispenser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈspɛnsə/
Forms: form: dispensers
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman dispensour, from Old French despenseor, from Latin dispensator. By surface analysis, dispense + -er.
Senses: examples: text: While we know – because the script tells us so – that the people we are watching are in love and in pain and in trouble, they never come across as more than dispensers of sparkling aperçus.
ref: 2014 October 30, Ben Brantley, “When the head leads the heart: 'The Real Thing,' With Ewan McGregor and Maggie Gyllenhaal, opens on Broadway [print version: When the witty head is far ahead of the heart: Maggie Gyllenhaal and Ewan McGregor star in revival of 'Real Thing', International New York Times, 4 November 2014, p. 9]”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Something or someone that dispenses things.
examples: text: a toilet-paper dispenser
glosses: Something or someone that dispenses things.
An object used to dispense other items.
glosses: Something or someone that dispenses things.
A person who makes up prescriptions, such as an optician or pharmacist.
Derived terms: autodispenser
cash dispenser
coin dispenser
microdispenser
nanodispenser
soap dispenser
tape dispenser
dispensers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dispenser
stances
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of stance
specialization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: [ˌspɛʃəlaɪ̯ˈzeɪ̯ʃn̩]
ipa: [ˌspɛʃəlɪˈzeɪ̯ʃn̩]
ipa: [ˌspeʃəlɑe̯ˈzæɪ̯ʃn̩]
ipa: [ˌspeʃəlɑe̯ˈzæɪ̯ʃn̩]
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: specializations
form: specialisation
Etymology: From specialize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyze a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook a tasty meal, fight efficiently, die gallantly. Specialization is for insects.
ref: 1973, Robert A. Heinlein, Time Enough For Love:
glosses: The act or process of specializing.
examples: text: Many MBA programs now allow students to obtain a specialization in sport management. This differs from the joint degree programs in that only one degree, an MBA, is awarded (i.e., a separate master's degree in sport management is not awarded). The MBA with a sport management specialization should be considered as a second option in lieu of the joint degree.
ref: 2012, Glenn M. Wong, The Comprehensive Guide to Careers in Sports, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, →ISBN, page 35:
glosses: The area in which someone specializes.
examples: text: Specialization is frequently divided into two categories largely based on methods of study: food specialization and specialization with respect to microhabitat.
ref: 2012, O. A. Jones, Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs V2: Biology 1, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 248:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The adaptation of an organism to a specific environment, or adaptation of an organ to a particular function.
examples: A triangle is a specialization of a polygon to one with exactly three sides.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A proof, axiom, problem, or definition whose cases are completely covered by another, broader concept.
Synonyms: sense: act of specializing
word: particularization
word: concretization
word: individualization
word: singularization
word: specialization
Related terms: speciation
specializations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of specialization
prophesied
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of prophesy
comprised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəmˈpɹaɪzd/
rhymes: -aɪzd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of comprise
canals
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of canal
canals
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of canal
excellency
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: excellencies
Etymology: From Middle English excellencie, from Latin excellentia.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of excellence; the quality of being excellent.
synonyms: word: excellence
extra: the quality of being excellent
Related terms: pre-excellency
stringy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɹɪŋi/
rhymes: -ɪŋi
Forms: form: stringier
form: stringiest
Etymology: From string + -y.
Senses: glosses: Composed of, or resembling, string or strings.
examples: text: The meat was quite stringy.
glosses: Tough to the bite, as containing too much sinew or string tissue.
raw_tags: of food
examples: text: The colonel and his sponsor made a queer contrast: Greystone [the sponsor] long and stringy, with a face that seemed as if a cold wind was eternally playing on it.
ref: 1908, W[illiam] B[lair] M[orton] Ferguson, chapter I, in Zollenstein, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
text: "I know, I know," said the man who had been addressed as Peeble, a nervous, stringy, dried-up person as he now appeared in the light.
ref: 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:
glosses: Wiry, lean, scrawny.
raw_tags: of a person
examples: text: The context refers to how you use an expression. You've actually already seen some contextual operations with numbers and strings. When you do numbery sorts of things, you get numeric results. When you do stringy sorts of things, you get string results.
ref: 2011, Randal L. Schwartz, brian d foy, Tom Phoenix, Learning Perl, page 56:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: Resembling or involving text strings.
examples: text: There are few birders who have not had stringy ticks on their lists at some stage.
ref: 1980, Bill Oddie, Bill Oddie's Little Black Bird Book, page 76:
topics: biology
birdwatching
natural-sciences
ornithology
glosses: Of a sighting, unlikely to be accurate; probably based on a misidentification, whether innocent or deliberate.
Synonyms: fibrous
filamentous
Derived terms: stringiness
stringy floppy
repulsed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of repulse
reminding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of remind
reminding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: remindings
Senses: examples: text: This paper explores the relationship between human activity and remindings. We argue that the type of activity in which a person is engaged influences the kinds of features that trigger remindings[…]
ref: 1991, Program of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society:
glosses: The act by which somebody is reminded of something.
studded
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstʌdɪd/
rhymes: -ʌdɪd
Forms: form: more studded
form: most studded
Senses: examples: text: She had studded boots.
text: Use of studded tires is regulated in most countries.
text: Some of the outer layers of the Wacko Jacko phenomenon, however, are now on display here at the Grammy Museum: 10 of the singer's bechained, braided, studded, rhinestone and Swarovski-encrusted pseudomilitary jackets.
ref: 2009 March 28, Rosie DiManno, “Jacko's moonwalk into the sunset”, in Toronto Star:
glosses: Having studs.
examples: text: a star-studded sky
text: a celebrity-studded gala
text: At Bleiken (50 miles), for the first time the Randsfjord comes into view, and a very lovely view it is, of the long winding island-studded lake with wooded shores and small sandy bays.
ref: 1955 July, M. D. Greville, “To the Valdres by Rail”, in Railway Magazine, page 458:
glosses: Having many of some specified thing.
Derived terms: low-studded
silver-studded blue
star-studded
studded tire
studded
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstʌdɪd/
rhymes: -ʌdɪd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of stud
unaccustomed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unaccustomed
form: most unaccustomed
Etymology: From un- + accustomed.
Senses: examples: text: He is unaccustomed to the cold.
text: […] I again conveyed his Key into his Pocket, and counterfeiting Sleep, tho’ I never once cloſed my Eyes, lay in Bed till after he aroſe and went to Prayers, an Exerciſe to which I had long been unaccuſtomed.
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, “In which the Man of the Hill begins to relate his History”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VIII, page 244:
text: “Do Veniam,” said his Superior; and the old man seized, with a trembling hand, a beverage to which he had been long unaccustomed, drained the cup with protracted delight, as if dwelling on the flavour and perfume, and set it down with a melancholy smile and shake of the head, as if bidding adieu in future to such delicious potations.
ref: 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter XV, in The Abbot. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, pages 345–346:
glosses: Not used to an event or thing, not accustomed.
examples: text: Guerrilla warfare opens a field of activity for every local capacity, forces the enemy into an unaccustomed method of battle, avoids the evil consequences of a great defeat, secures the national war from the risk of treason, and has the advantage of not confining it within any defined and determinate basis of operations.
ref: 1909, James Harvey Robinson, Charles Austin Beard, Readings in Modern European History: Europe since the Congress of Vienna, page 118:
text: He stood transfixed before the unaccustomed view of London at night time, a vast panorama which reminded him […] of some wood engravings far off and magical, in a printshop in his childhood.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword: The Turk Street Mile”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 11:
text: Later that day, whether from the accumulated effect of seeing hunger, from the unaccustomed food or from the sun, I get sick.
ref: 1983 December 24, Andrea Loewenstein, “"What's Freedom Without Food In Your Stomach?" — A Trip to Haiti”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 23, page 8:
glosses: To which one is not accustomed, unfamiliar
Derived terms: unaccustomedly
unaccustomedness
unaccustomed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of unaccustom
excitable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more excitable
form: most excitable
Etymology: From excite + -able.
Senses: examples: text: The excitable puppy jumped all over the furniture.
glosses: Easily excited.
topics: sciences
glosses: Able to respond to external stimuli.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Able to be promoted to an excited state.
Derived terms: excitableness
excitably
exciteableness
hyperexcitable
hypoexcitable
inexcitable
neuroexcitable
nonexcitable
overexcitable
photoexcitable
subexcitable
superexcitable
unexcitable
Related terms: excitability
excite
excited
dependable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: [dɪˈpɛndəbəɫ]
Forms: form: more dependable
form: most dependable
Etymology: From depend + -able.
Senses: examples: text: He was a very dependable person.
glosses: Able, or easily able to be depended on.
Derived terms: dependableness
dependably
undependable
dependable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: [dɪˈpɛndəbəɫ]
Forms: form: dependables
Etymology: From depend + -able.
Senses: examples: text: But Datsyuk’s return rejuvenated the old dependables like Rafalski, Lidstrom and Marian Hossa, who consistently outshone Malkin and Crosby.
ref: 2009 June 7, Jeff Z. Klein, “At Full Strength, Red Wings Dominate”, in New York Times:
glosses: A reliable person or thing.
conjectures
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of conjecture
conjectures
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of conjecture
curtly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more curtly
form: most curtly
Etymology: From curt + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: She greeted me with a bright smile, and said: “Back already? Did you find it?” With a strong effort I mastered my emotion and replied curtly but civilly that the answer was in the negative. “No,” I said, “I did not find it.”
ref: 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XVIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
glosses: In a curt manner; tersely, almost rudely.
Synonyms: shortly
armoured
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: armored
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of armour
armoured
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: armored
Senses: examples: text: The armoured vehicles rolled into the city.
text: There was a moment before the speech when cameras captured Mr Trump in his armoured limousine, rehearsing his lines. Practice, it seems, made good, if not perfect.
ref: 2017 March 1, Anthony Zurcher, “Trump addresses Congress: A kinder, gentler president”, in BBC News:
glosses: Possessing, wearing, or fitted out with armour.
examples: an armoured unit; the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Equipped with armoured vehicles.
Synonyms: sense: possessing armour
word: mailed
topics: military
war
government
politics
word: mechanized
topics: military
war
government
politics
word: tank
Derived terms: armoured fist
nonarmoured
unarmoured
up-armoured
demonstrable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈmɒnstɹəbl̩/
ipa: /ˈdɛmənstɹəbl̩/
ipa: /dɪˈmɑnstɹəbl̩/
Forms: form: more demonstrable
form: most demonstrable
form: demonstratable
Etymology: From Middle English demonstrable, from Old French.
Senses: examples: text: It is easily demonstrable that water extinguishes fire.
text: Responding, Transport Secretary Mark Harper accused Haigh and Labour of making "unfunded promises of £62 billion of rail spending with no demonstrable means to pay for them".
ref: 2023 April 5, “Network News: Conservatives accused of "rewarding Avanti's failure"”, in RAIL, number 980, page 6:
glosses: Able to be demonstrated.
Derived terms: demonstrability
demonstrableness
demonstrably
nondemonstrable
Related terms: demonstrative
provable
demonstrable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈmɒnstɹəbl̩/
ipa: /ˈdɛmənstɹəbl̩/
ipa: /dɪˈmɑnstɹəbl̩/
Forms: form: demonstrables
form: demonstratable
Etymology: From Middle English demonstrable, from Old French.
Senses: examples: text: We deal here with imponderables rather than demonstrables.
ref: 1949, The Termination Report of the National War Labor Board:
glosses: Something that can be demonstrated.
rainwater
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rainwaters
form: rain water
Etymology: From Middle English reinwater, from Old English reġnwæter, equivalent to rain + water. Cognate with West Frisian reinwetter, Dutch regenwater, German Regenwasser, Swedish regnvatten.
Senses: examples: text: In early December, as rainwaters had started the monthlong process of flooding mines and washing out rail lines, workers lined up before 1 p.m. at an easy-to-miss storefront depot in Mackay.
ref: 2011 December 1, Joel Kirkland, “Australia's Record Rains Squeeze World Coal Supplies as Scientists Study Climate Pattern”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Rainfall.
examples: text: Constructed of hard flint stone, which came as ballast from England and is now painted coral white, the house has a fishpond, or catchment, roof, dating from 1788, to collect rainwater.
ref: 1987 January 18, Paula Deitz, “ISLAND LIVING, ENGLISH STYLE”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Water (for a house, etc.) sourced from rain which has not joined a spring, stream or river, pond, lake or sea.
Derived terms: rainwater goods
caddies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of caddie
glosses: plural of caddy
caddies
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of caddy
glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of caddie
reproduced
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of reproduce
inexpressible
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more inexpressible
form: most inexpressible
Etymology: From in- + expressible.
Senses: examples: text: She felt inexpressible contempt for her attackers.
text: That noise, that awful clamour of uncouthness inexpressible, is the love-call of the storm bird!
ref: 1934, Henry G. Lamond, An Aviary on the Plains, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 205:
text: She mixed furniture with the same fatal profligacy as she mixed drinks, and this outrageous contact between things which were intended by Nature to be kept poles apart gave her an inexpressible thrill.
ref: 1935, George Goodchild, chapter 1, in Death on the Centre Court:
glosses: Unable to be expressed; not able to be put into words.
Synonyms: word: inexpressable
word: unexpressable
word: unexpressible
Derived terms: inexpressibleness
inexpressibles
inexpressibly
Related terms: word: inexpressibility
sense: counterparts in calculating
word: innumerable
sense: counterparts in calculating
word: innumerous
sense: counterparts in calculating
word: unnumerable
sense: counterparts in calculating
word: incalculable
caddying
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of caddy
glosses: present participle and gerund of caddie
caddied
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of caddie
glosses: simple past and past participle of caddy
pole-vault
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pole-vaults
form: pole-vaulting
form: pole-vaulted
form: pole-vaulted
Senses: glosses: To perform a pole vault
glosses: To vault over something using a pole vault
Derived terms: pole-vaulter
pole-vaulting
pole-vaulter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pole-vaulters
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of pole vaulter.
broons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of broon
pole-vaulting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of pole-vault
pole-vaulting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: athletics
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: The sport of performing pole vaults, especially in a competition
neurocognition
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From neuro- + cognition.
Senses: glosses: Any form of cognition that is associated with the functioning of one or more specific areas of the brain
Related terms: neurocognitive
policyholder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: policyholders
Etymology: From policy + holder.
Senses: topics: business
insurance
glosses: The party to an insurance contract who transfers a risk to an insurer.
luminiferous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɪfəɹəs
Forms: form: more luminiferous
form: most luminiferous
Etymology: From Latin lumen, lumin- (“light”, noun) + -ferous [from ferre (“to bear, carry”, verb) + -ous (suffix forming adjectives)].
Senses: glosses: Producing or transmitting light; luminous.
Derived terms: luminiferous aether
politicization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: pə-lĭt'-ĭ-sĭ-zā'-shən
ipa: /pəˌlɪt.ɪ.sɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Forms: form: politicizations
form: politicisation
Etymology: From politicize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: This potential politicization of the military comes with opportunity costs to U.S. national security, says Joseph Nunn, counsel in the Liberty and National Security program at the Brennan Center for Justice, an independent law and policy think tank.
ref: 2024 November 14, Anna Mulrine Grobe, “Worries rise over a Trump ‘warrior board’ to remove officers ‘unfit for leadership’”, in The Christian Science Monitor:
text: Across the country, Democratic voters who have been reeling from Mr. Trump’s sweeping and possibly illegal cuts to government, his head-spinning policy moves, and his politicization of federal law enforcement are growing more and more incensed at their own party’s seemingly feckless response.
ref: 2025 March 20, Cameron Joseph, “Panicked Democratic voters are turning on their own leaders”, in The Christian Science Monitor:
topics: government
politics
glosses: The state of being (or process of becoming) politicized
Derived terms: overpoliticization
repoliticization
Related terms: politicize
politicize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: pə-lĭt'ĭsīz'
ipa: /pəˈlɪtɪˌsaɪz/
Forms: form: politicizes
form: politicizing
form: politicized
form: politicized
form: politicise
Etymology: From politic + -ize.
Senses: glosses: To engage in or discuss politics.
examples: text: My parents started politicizing the weather as soon as they opened their snowplow business.
glosses: To give something political characteristics; to turn into a political issue.
examples: text: The possibility of setting up an educational arm which could politicize gays in Massachusetts through a series of seminars and through the publication of a booklet providing a background on the history of gay rights.
ref: 1977 December 24, Richard Burns, “It Was a 'Big Splash' at The Aquarium”, in Gay Community News, volume 5, number 25, page 9:
glosses: To make someone politically active or aware.
Synonyms: word: politize
Derived terms: depoliticization
depoliticize
overpoliticize
politicizable
politicization
politicizer
repoliticize
Related terms: politicalize
Mackems
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Mackem
politicized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: politicised
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of politicize
Synonyms: politized
politicized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more politicized
form: most politicized
form: politicised
Senses: glosses: politically aware or active (of a person)
glosses: given political characteristics or overtones (of a thing)
Derived terms: nonpoliticized
unpoliticized
Makems
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Makem
politicking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: politickings
Etymology: From politic + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Is internal politicking a Machiavellian dark art or vital oil for the wheels of higher education leadership?
ref: 2015 October 15, Jacky Lumby, “Let's shine a light on the dark art of micropolitics in universities”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: There’s politics, and there’s politicking. Politics relates to the process of governing and making policy. Politicking refers to the tactics needed to acquire or retain the power of politics itself. Politics is an esteemed term, while politicking is usually used in a derogatory way.
ref: 2016 June 10, Ian Bogost, “I'm Retweeting Her”, in The Atlantic:
text: As Combet pointed out in 2009, that sort of too-clever-by-half politicking can get you into trouble. It can sink the boat you really want to sail.
ref: 2017 October 20, Katharine Murphy, “At least for once, don't let politicking kill off a workable energy policy”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: The pop star has long avoided partisan politicking—but in the culture industries, making a show of social liberalism is increasingly the only option.
ref: 2018 October 11, Reihan Salam, “Taylor Swift Succumbs to Competitive Wokeness”, in The Atlantic:
glosses: The act of engaging in politics, or in political campaigning.
Derived terms: politick
politicking
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From politic + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of politic
glosses: present participle and gerund of politick
polka-dot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: polka-dots
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of polka dot.
polka-dot
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: polka-dots
form: polka-dotting
form: polka-dotted
form: polka-dotted
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of polka dot.
polka dot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒl.kə ˌdɒt/
ipa: /ˈpəʊ.kə ˌdɒt/
ipa: /ˈpoʊ.kə ˌdɑt/
Forms: form: polka dots
form: polka-dot
form: polkadot
Etymology: First use appears in the US c. 1857 in the publication Godey's Lady's Book. Named after the polka dance, which was popular at the time (1840–1890). Numerous composites were formed posteriorly, but those names have not endured.
Senses: examples: text: …these have entirely disappeared, and we see them with the old time white polka dot, always pretty clean and neat looking.
ref: 1871, Godey’s magazine, volumes 86-87, page 389:
glosses: Any of a number of uniform round dots, repeated to make a regular geometric pattern on a fabric.
Derived terms: polka-dotted
polka dot
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒl.kə ˌdɒt/
ipa: /ˈpəʊ.kə ˌdɒt/
ipa: /ˈpoʊ.kə ˌdɑt/
Forms: form: polka dots
form: polka dotting
form: polka dotted
form: polka dotted
form: polka-dot
form: polkadot
Etymology: First use appears in the US c. 1857 in the publication Godey's Lady's Book. Named after the polka dance, which was popular at the time (1840–1890). Numerous composites were formed posteriorly, but those names have not endured.
Senses: glosses: To cover as with polka dots.
monkey hangers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of monkey hanger
pollinator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒlɪˌneɪtə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: pollinators
Etymology: From pollinate + -or.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
hyponyms: bee
butterfly
glosses: the agent that pollinates a plant; often an insect
glosses: the plant that is the source of pollen for cross-pollination
pompano
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒmpənəʊ/
Forms: form: pompanos
form: pompanoes
Etymology: From Spanish pámpano (“Stromateus fiatola”). Compare pomfret.
Senses: glosses: Any of various carangid fish of genus Trachinotus or species Alectis ciliaris (African pompano), from coastal parts of the North Atlantic.
examples: text: Monsieur Ratignolle was prepared to take things seriously; the mets, the entre-mets, the service, the decorations, even the people. He looked up from his pompano and inquired of Arobin if he were related to the gentleman of that name who formed one of the firm of Laitner and Arobin, lawyers.
ref: 1899, Kate Chopin, The Awakening:
glosses: A Pacific pompano, an edible butterfish of species Peprilus simillimus.
Derived terms: golden pompano
Northumbrians
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Northumbrian
pompously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more pompously
form: most pompously
Etymology: From pompous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: When he went home on leave he rioted on a large scale - pompously.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 211:
text: That young man could offer little information, however. The sky, he explained pompously, was a great mystery that only an adept might communicate to another. He meant that he didn't know about it, Dave gathered.
ref: 1963, Lester del Rey, The Sky Is Falling:
text: 'I could cite good reasons both for and against such a course of action,' he began pompously.
ref: 1956 [1880], Johanna Spyri, Heidi, translation of original by Eileen Hall, page 85:
glosses: In a pompous manner.
ponderously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more ponderously
form: most ponderously
Etymology: From ponderous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Sir Ernest Heavywether rose ponderously.
ref: 1920, Agatha Christie, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, London: Pan Books, published 1954, page 156:
text: Rooney and his team-mates started ponderously, as if sensing the enormity of the occasion, but once Scholes began to link with Ryan Giggs in the middle of the park, the visitors increased the tempo with Sunderland struggling to keep up.
ref: 2012 May 13, Alistair Magowan, “Sunderland 0-1 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: In a ponderous manner; very slowly.
examples: text: A narrow and deserted street in deep shadow, high houses, innumerable windows with Venetian blinds, a dead silence, grass sprouting between the stones, imposing carriage archways right and left, immense double doors standing ponderously ajar.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 199:
glosses: With the appearance of great weight.
pontifically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more pontifically
form: most pontifically
Etymology: From pontifical + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He slapped his documents open on the table and seated himself pontifically, with a certain imminent redness lurking behind the formality of his expression.
ref: 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, →OCLC, page 139:
glosses: In a pontifical manner; in the manner of a pope.
glosses: Whilst pontificating; with pontification.
portentously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: /pɔː(ɹ)ˈtɛn.təs.li/
Forms: form: more portentously
form: most portentously
Etymology: From portentous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The cold light of the moon touched every face with unnatural paleness; and the silence was unbroken and portentously profound.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXXVIII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 318:
text: At that moment a long, scraggy individual in a checked suit poked his head into the bar, looked around portentously, whistled mysteriously to my informant, and jerked his thumb and head in the direction of the door.
ref: 1946, George Johnston, Skyscrapers in the Mist, page 121:
text: Shirky ends the story of the lost Sidekick by asking, portentously, “What happens next?”—no doubt imagining future waves of digital protesters.
ref: 2010 September 27, Malcolm Gladwell, “Small Change”, in The New Yorker:
synonyms: ominously
glosses: In an ominous manner.
glosses: In a pompous manner.
possessively
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more possessively
form: most possessively
Etymology: From possessive + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: “Besides,” she says, looking possessively at her class of Chinese youngsters, “can you imagine these children going to an ordinary school?”
ref: 1973 July 16, Wayne King, “Philadelphia's Chinatown Is Threatened by ‘Progress’”, in The New York Times:
glosses: In a possessive manner.
potently
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more potently
form: most potently
Etymology: From potent + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a potent manner; powerfully.
Derived terms: pluripotently
hangers-on
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hanger-on
powerlessly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more powerlessly
form: most powerlessly
Etymology: From powerless + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Women, accustomed to shivering powerlessly at their desks, cried foul, but several male readers contended that a different sort of injustice was at play — wardrobe inequality.
ref: 2015 August 4, Lela Moore, “Blame a Male-Biased Algorithm for the Temperature in Your Office? Readers Respond”, in The New York Times:
glosses: In a powerless manner.
pompousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pompousnesses
Etymology: From pompous + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being pompous.
Synonyms: word: pomposity
ponderousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ponderousnesses
Etymology: From Middle English ponderusnes, equivalent to ponderous + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being ponderous.
poorness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: poornesses
Etymology: From Middle English poornes, porenes, porenesse, pornes, pornesse, povernesse, powrenesse; equivalent to poor + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being poor
glosses: poverty
Derived terms: poorness is a state of mind
populousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From populous + -ness.
Senses: synonyms: populosity
glosses: The quality of being populous.
porousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: porousnesses
Etymology: From porous + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The perilous porousness between our online and offline worlds is the spark for Nicolas Padamsee’s tinderbox thriller about two teenage boys.
ref: 2024 April 27, Sana Goyal, “England Is Mine by Nicolas Padamsee review – battle lines are drawn”, in The Guardian:
synonyms: porosity
glosses: The quality of being porous.
Derived terms: nonporousness
portliness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From portly + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being portly
possessiveness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From possessive + -ness.
Senses: synonyms: possessivity
glosses: The quality of being possessive
positiveness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒzɪtɪvnɪs/
ipa: /ˈpɑzɪtɪvnɪs/
Forms: form: positivenesses
Etymology: From positive + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: Nobody knew anything about it although they all spoke with great positiveness and strategical knowledge.
ref: 1929, Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms, Folio Society, published 2008, page 48:
glosses: The quality of being positive; positivity.
glosses: The result of being positive
ponderer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ponderers
Etymology: From ponder + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person who ponders; a thinker.
pongee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑnd͡ʒi/
ipa: /ˈpɒnd͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɒndʒi
Forms: form: pongees
Etymology: From Mandarin 本機／本机 (běnjī, literally “one’s own loom; home-woven; homemade”).
Senses: glosses: A soft unbleached silk, from China or India, from silkworms that feed on oak leaves.
glosses: A pale, yellowish shade of brown similar to beige.
pongee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑnd͡ʒi/
ipa: /ˈpɒnd͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɒndʒi
Forms: form: pongees
Senses: glosses: Channa striata (striped snakehead)
pongee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑnd͡ʒi/
ipa: /ˈpɒnd͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɒndʒi
Forms: form: pongees
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of punji.
Derived terms: pongee stick
pontifical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɒnˈtɪfɪk(ə)l/
ipa: /pɑnˈtɪfɪk(ə)l/
Forms: form: more pontifical
form: most pontifical
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin pontificālis.
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to a pontiff.
Of or pertaining to a bishop; episcopal.
glosses: Of or pertaining to a pontiff.
Of or pertaining to a pope; papal.
glosses: Pompous, dignified or dogmatic.
glosses: Splendid; magnificent.
glosses: Of or pertaining to the pontifices of Ancient Rome.
examples: text: Now had they brought the work by wondrous art / Pontifical, a ridge of pendent rock / Over the vexed abyss.
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
glosses: Of or relating to the building or forming of bridges.
Derived terms: pontifical cell
pontificality
pontifically
unpontifical
pontifical
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɒnˈtɪfɪk(ə)l/
ipa: /pɑnˈtɪfɪk(ə)l/
Forms: form: pontificals
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin pontificālis.
Senses: examples: text: Both ordines are related to an ordo in a pontifical in Reims, the Ordo of 1200 (Ordo XIX). The latter was to be consulted again and again, and its formulas were to have a marked effect upon the French ceremony; […]
ref: 1995, Richard A. Jackson, Ordines coronationis Franciae […] , page 30:
text: William Durandus, bishop of Mende in the south of France, compiled a pontifical in three books. William never intended his work to be a universal pontifical, but its clarity of arrangement and quality of substance, along with […]
ref: 2001, Leon F. Strieder, The Promise of Obedience: A Ritual History, page 32:
text: If the editio princeps was an attempt to create an authoritative version of the pontifical, such was not yet attainable.
ref: 2007, Terence Bailey, Alma Colk Santosuosso, editors, Music in Medieval Europe […] , Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., →ISBN, page 199:
glosses: A book containing the offices, or formulas, used by a pontiff.
pontifices
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pontifex
bludges
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bludge
bludging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of bludge
bludged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bludge
dole bludger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dole bludgers
form: dolebludger
form: dole-bludger
Etymology: From dole + bludger.
Senses: examples: text: As I said earlier, the Prime Minster and the Minister for Employment and Youth Affairs have unmercifully labelled sections of the unemployed as dole bludgers.
ref: 1981, Australian Senate, Parliamentary Debates, Senate Weekly Hansard, volume 88, page 697:
text: People who do not support the common good, such as dole bludgers (social security cheats) fall outside the mateship fold.
ref: 1993, Ken Hunt, Mike Taylor, The Xenophobe′s Guide to the Aussies, published 2004, page 13:
text: 1997, Noel Pearson, Shifting Ground Indeed, in 2011, Up from the Mission: Selected Writings, page 73,
So from day one of the new government we saw a sustained orgy of divisiveness and meanness about immigration, Aborigines and dole bludgers.
glosses: An unemployed person who has no intention of seeking a job, and survives on government-funded unemployment benefits.
Related terms: unemployed
dolehead
so to speak
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: so to say
Senses: examples: text: Then Tom girded up his loins, so to speak, and went to work to “get his verses.”
ref: 1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter IV, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 42:
text: This could have occurred nowhere but in England, where men and sea interpenetrate, so to speak—the sea entering into the life of most men, and the men knowing something or everything about the sea, in the way of amusement, of travel, or of bread-winning.
ref: 1898 September, Joseph Conrad, “Youth: a Narrative”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXIV, number DCCCCXCV, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publication Co., page 309:
text: He took the great, round world in his hand, so to speak, familiarly, contemptuously, and it seemed no larger than the seed of a Maraschino cherry in a table d’hôte grape fruit.
ref: 1906 April, O. Henry [pseudonym; William Sydney Porter], “A Cosmopolite in a Café”, in The Four Million, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co, →OCLC, page 27:
text: I don't believe Lecter's even seen a woman in eight years. And oh, are you ever his taste. So to speak.
ref: 1991, Ted Tally, The Silence of the Lambs (motion picture), spoken by Dr. Frederick Chilton (Anthony Heald):
text: For Firefighter Joseph Ceravolo, President Obama turned up the heat, so to speak, even before he sat down to an early lunch on Thursday.
ref: 2011 May 5, James Barron, Colin Moynihan, “Obama Visits Firehouse in Midtown Manhattan”, in New York Times, retrieved 24 Nov 2011:
text: Every guest is appalled and fantastically humourless about the experience, even at this distance. You cannot help but wonder at cultural divides and how differently the British might have approached – or at least recalled – such events, at least in the early days. For us, surely, it would be a story for the ages. You could dine out on it for ever, so to speak.
ref: 2026 June 24, Lucy Mangan, “Poop Cruise review – a fascinating look at a toilet disaster that still haunts passengers 12 years later”, in The Guardian:
synonyms: as it were
in a manner of speaking
if you will
glosses: In a manner of speaking.
dole bludgers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dole bludger
touchas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of toucha
pull one's weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pulls one's weight
form: pulling one's weight
form: pulled one's weight
form: pulled one's weight
form: pull one's own weight
Senses: examples: text: He isn't really pulling his weight at work.
text: If one shares a flat one should be prepared to pull one’s weight in cleaning it.
synonyms: carry one's weight
glosses: To contribute fairly and proportionately to a group effort; to do the work that one is obligated to.
Related terms: get in the boat and row
do a lot of work
pull one's own weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pulls one's own weight
form: pulling one's own weight
form: pulled one's own weight
form: pulled one's own weight
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of pull one's weight.
pulls one's own weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of pull one's own weight
pulling one's own weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of pull one's own weight
pulled one's own weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pull one's own weight
pulls one's weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of pull one's weight
pulling one's weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of pull one's weight
pulled one's weight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: But relaxation only in the context of first having pulled one's weight, and preferably more. The sense of pride for something done by oneself and for one's family, […]
ref: 2000, Richard Gambino, Blood of my Blood: The Dilemma of the Italian-Americans, page 87:
glosses: simple past and past participle of pull one's weight
toons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of toon
gaf
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gaf
form: gaf
form: gaf
form: gaf
Etymology: From IDGAF (“I don't give a fuck”).
Senses: glosses: Initialism of give a fuck.
gaf
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gafs
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of gaff (“place of residence, house”).
stotty cakes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of stotty cake
seasonal constellation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: seasonal constellations
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A constellation that is only above the horizon (and thus visible) for part of the year.
inclosure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inclosures
Senses: examples: text: The graveyard was an inclosure on the grounds of Mr. Wharton, which had been fenced with stone, and set apart for the purpose, by that gentleman, some years before. It was not, however, intended as a burial-place for any of his own family.
ref: 1821, James Fenimore Cooper, chapter XIV, in The Spy, H M Caldwell, →OCLC, page 156:
text: The only opening into the inclosure was through a small aperture.
ref: 1918, Edgar Rice Burrows, The People that Time Forgot, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2008:
glosses: Alternative spelling of enclosure.
handwork
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: handworks
Etymology: From Middle English hondwerk, from Old English handweorc (“work done by hand; handiwork”), from Proto-Germanic *handuwerką; equivalent to hand + work. Cognate with Dutch handwerk, German Handwerk, Swedish hantverk.
Senses: glosses: Work done by the hands, as opposed to by machine.
Synonyms: handiwork
Coordinate terms: english: sometimes synonymous, but sometimes strenuous and unskilled rather than intricate and skilled
translation: sometimes synonymous, but sometimes strenuous and unskilled rather than intricate and skilled
word: manual labor
handwork
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: handworks
form: handworking
form: handworked
form: handworked
Etymology: From Middle English hondwerk, from Old English handweorc (“work done by hand; handiwork”), from Proto-Germanic *handuwerką; equivalent to hand + work. Cognate with Dutch handwerk, German Handwerk, Swedish hantverk.
Senses: glosses: To work (materials) by hand, without the use of a machine.
poolroom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpulˌɹum/
Forms: form: poolrooms
Etymology: From pool + room.
Senses: examples: text: We crept through the main poolroom without making a sound.
ref: 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 109:
glosses: A room with pool tables where pool can be played, usually for a fee.
glosses: A room in a house or other domestic dwelling set up with a pool or snooker table.
Related terms: billiard room
poorboy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: poorboys
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of poor boy.
poor boy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: poor boys
Senses: glosses: A submarine sandwich: a po' boy.
examples: text: I'm just a poor boy, I need no sympathy.
ref: 1975, Queen, Bohemian Rhapsody:
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see poor, boy.
Synonyms: sense: sandwich
word: sub
poorhouse
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: poorhouses
Etymology: From poor + house.
Senses: glosses: A charitable institution where poor or homeless people are lodged.
glosses: A workhouse.
Hypernyms: house
poor-mouth
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: poor-mouths
form: poor-mouthing
form: poor-mouthed
form: poor-mouthed
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of poormouth.
throw dirt
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: throws dirt
form: throwing dirt
form: threw dirt
form: thrown dirt
Senses: glosses: To fling dust or similar.
examples: text: 1759, John Wesley, letter to John Downes, Rector of St. Michael's, Wood Street, read at Wesley Center Online at https://web.archive.org/web/20060903061313/http://wesley.nnu.edu/john_wesley/letters/1766.htm on 14 Oct 06.
I hope...that you are ignorant of the whole affair, and are so bold only because you are blind...And blind enough; so that you blunder on through thick and thin, bespattering all that come in your way, according to the old, laudable maxim, 'Throw dirt enough, and some will stick.'
text: Jortin however has pithily remarked, "It requires something of a hand even to throw dirt." The Reviewer, though no tyro, is still a bungler in that trade.
ref: 1827, Karl Gottlieb Bretschneider, Hugh James Rose, Apology for the modern theology of Protestant Germany, or a review of ... 'The state of the Protestant religion in Germany' by Hugh James Rose, tr. by W.A. Evanson, page 15:
text: The editors condemned the claims of one of the board members, that he was "acting in full accord with [what] the Forward was preaching," as an attempt to discredit the paper's principled opposition to the war, and characterized his plea as "an effort to throw dirt upon the entire East Side."
ref: 2003, Christopher M. Sterba, Good Americans: Italian and Jewish Immigrants in the First World War, Oxford University Press, page 74:
glosses: To make derogatory or malicious allegations, particularly about people in public life.