cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
counter-commuted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of counter-commute
opster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: opsters
Etymology: From op + -ster.
Senses: glosses: An artist who creates op art.
opsters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of opster
unstaked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + staked.
Senses: glosses: Not staked.
adrenergics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Beta adrenergics, other monoamines, and acetylcholine did not restore this transport.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Alpha Adrenergic Induction of Transport of Lysosomal Enzyme across the Blood-Brain Barrier”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of adrenergic
unchanced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + chance + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: The motto for the likes of me is, What's unchanced risks no failure.
ref: 1975, The Atlantic Monthly, volume 235, page 150:
glosses: Not chanced.
jurimetricist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jurimetricists
Etymology: From jurimetric + -ist.
Senses: glosses: One who studies jurimetrics.
jurimetrician
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jurimetricians
Senses: glosses: One who studies jurimetrics.
jurimetricists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of jurimetricist
jurimetricians
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of jurimetrician
antiscatter
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From anti- + scatter.
Senses: examples: text: To our knowledge, only one study in literature has focused on the contribution of antiscatter grid [5 ], which enables the user to specify the transmission percentages of the primary image and the scattered one.
ref: 2015 November 7, “A GPU Simulation Tool for Training and Optimisation in 2D Digital X-Ray Imaging”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That reduces or eliminates scatter
jurimetric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Relating to jurimetrics.
Derived terms: jurimetricist
jurimetrical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Relating to jurimetrics.
jurimetrics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: law
mathematics
sciences
glosses: The application of quantitative and statistical methods to law.
Related terms: jurimetric
jurimetrical
jurimetrician
jurimetricist
nonlexicalizable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + lexicalizable.
Senses: glosses: Not lexicalizable.
apicocardiac
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From apico- + cardiac.
Senses: examples: text: Protected specimen brush (PSB) samples were collected from the segmental bronchus serving the right apical (RA) lobe, the first ventral diaphragmatic (RVD1) segment of the right caudal diaphragmatic lobe, and the left cardiac (LC) segment of the apicocardiac lobe (Fig 1 ).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Lung Microbiota Changes Associated with Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection and the Impact of Intravenous Colistimethate Sodium”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Located at the apex of the heart
nonlecture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nonlectures
Etymology: From non- + lecture.
Senses: examples: text: Simply because the teaching and learning are happening in a nonlecture situation does not mean that you should stop being an active learner.
ref: 1993, Theodore O. Knight, Study strategies for careers, page 31:
glosses: That which is not a lecture.
nonlectures
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of nonlecture
noncrush
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + crush.
Senses: examples: noncrush packaging
glosses: Designed to prevent crushing.
examples: a noncrush wound
glosses: Not caused by crushing.
noncrease
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + crease.
Senses: examples: fabric with a noncrease finish
glosses: Resistant to creasing.
nondazzle
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + dazzle.
Senses: examples: text: a nondazzle lamp
glosses: Designed not to dazzle.
nondazzling
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + dazzling.
Senses: examples: a nondazzling lamp
glosses: Designed not to dazzle.
noncrushing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + crushing.
Senses: glosses: Not crushing.
noncreasing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + creasing.
Senses: glosses: Resistant to creasing.
nonapical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + apical.
Senses: glosses: Not apical.
autocorrelogram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: autocorrelograms
Etymology: From auto- + correlogram.
Senses: examples: text: In this way, the recorded neurons could be classified in three groups (Fig 2 ): PANs are characterized by peaky autocorrelogram and ISI values over 2 seconds.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Activity of Caudate Nucleus Neurons in a Visual Fixation Paradigm in Behaving Cats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A correlogram, especially one that shows autocorrelations
autocorrelograms
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: HFNs have autocorrelograms with a blunt peak (C,D) and TANs are characterized by a deep gap in the autocorrelogram (E,F).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Activity of Caudate Nucleus Neurons in a Visual Fixation Paradigm in Behaving Cats”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of autocorrelogram
axoprotection
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From axo- + protection.
Senses: examples: text: However, both the RGC protection and the axoprotection seem to be lost by 11–13 months of age (despite a slight difference in RGC protection at this age group manifesting as a smaller proportion of retinas with extreme RGC loss) suggesting that C1qa absence cannot fully abrogate glaucomatous degeneration ad infinitum.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Differential Effects of C1qa Ablation on Glaucomatous Damage in Two Sexes in DBA/2NNia Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: protection from damage to axons
Related terms: axoprotective
neuroprotection
sea glass
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From sea + glass.
Senses: glosses: Rounded glass pebbles originating from glassware products that were lost at sea and broken up, which are found on beaches and have been rounded and aged through the action of surf.
Related terms: english: pebbles from riverbeds which have been rounded by being washed down rivers
translation: pebbles from riverbeds which have been rounded by being washed down rivers
word: riverstone
biadjacency
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From bi- + adjacency.
Senses: examples: text: The matrix can be thought as the biadjacency matrix of the bipartite network [21 –23 ] in which one layer is represented by countries and the other by exported products.
ref: 2015 November 7, “From Innovation to Diversification: A Simple Competitive Model”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The adjacency of a bipartite graph
holonovel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: holonovels
Etymology: From holo- + novel.
Senses: topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: A holographic entertainment akin to a novel.
holobook
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: holobooks
Etymology: From holo- + book.
Senses: topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: A holographic entertainment akin to a book.
holonovels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of holonovel
holobooks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of holobook
lemon ant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lemon ants
Etymology: From the lemony taste of acids produced as part of their glandular chemical defence system.
Senses: glosses: Any ant of species Myrmelachista schumanni, that creates devil's gardens.
lemon ants
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lemon ant
devil's garden
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: devil's gardens
Senses: glosses: A stand of trees in the Amazon rainforest consisting almost exclusively of a single species, Duroia hirsuta, and created by lemon ants (Myrmelachista schumanni), which nest in these trees and systematically poison other plants.
devil's gardens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of devil's garden
bifenazate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: QS was effective for determining the frequencies of resistance alleles on a population basis, which corresponded to 12 nonsynonymous point mutations associated with target-site resistance to five types of acaricides [organophosphates (monocrotophos, pirimiphos-methyl, dimethoate and chlorpyrifos), pyrethroids (fenpropathrin and bifenthrin), abamectin, bifenazate and etoxazole].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Phenotypic- and Genotypic-Resistance Detection for Adaptive Resistance Management in Tetranychus urticae Koch”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The pesticide isopropyl 2-(4-methoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)hydrazinecarboxylate that is used to control mites
bihippocampal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From bi- + hippocampal.
Senses: examples: text: In the anterior-posterior commissure orientation, bilateral ROIs were drawn in the caudate nucleus (caput), anterior and posterior part of the putamen, thalamus (each drawn in three consecutive planes), and midbrain; and in the bihippocampal orientation, in the superior and middle temporal gyrus (as well as in their isolated leading parts), inferior temporal gyrus, temporal pole (in three consecutive planes), inferior parietal lobule (in two planes), parahippocampal gyrus and hippocampus.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Reduced D2/D3 Receptor Binding of Extrastriatal and Striatal Regions in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: relating to both hippocampi of the brain
cholenate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cholenates
Senses: examples: text: Glycocholenate sulfate, on the other hand, is possibly synthesized from glycine-amidation and sulfation of 3-beta-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid (also known as cholenate).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Metabolomics and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of cholenoic acid
colistimethate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: We selected colistimethate sodium (CMS) as our antibiotic of choice.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Lung Microbiota Changes Associated with Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection and the Impact of Intravenous Colistimethate Sodium”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Synonym of colistin.
synonyms: word: colistin
cyenopyrafen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Diagnostic doses of six acaricides (fenothiocarb, endosulfan, chlorfenapyr, tebufenpyrad, cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen) resulted in a 68.0~71.8% mortality rate (on average) in the test mite populations, whereas the remaining six acaricides (monocrotophos, omethoate, bifenthrin, abamectin, etoxazole and bifenazate) caused slightly reduced mortality rates (on average 36.5~59.3%).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Phenotypic- and Genotypic-Resistance Detection for Adaptive Resistance Management in Tetranychus urticae Koch”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The pesticide (E)-2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-cyano-1-(1,3,4-trimethylpyrazol-5-yl)vinyl 2,2-dimethylpropionate
cyflumetofen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen, belonging to group 25, caused over 60% mortality in seven strains, but less than 50% mortality in the 13GG_SW_G1, 13GG_PJ_R1 and 13CB_JC_R1 populations.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Phenotypic- and Genotypic-Resistance Detection for Adaptive Resistance Management in Tetranychus urticae Koch”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The acaricide 2-methoxyethyl (RS)-2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-cyano-3-oxo-3-(α,α,α-trifluoro-o-tolyl)propionate
flavobacteriosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: flavobacterioses
Etymology: From flavobacterium + -osis.
Senses: examples: text: A common disease affecting Rainbow Trout in freshwater is flavobacteriosis (Flavobacterium psychrophilum) with characteristic skin ulcers and erosions as reported here (R. Avendaño, comm. pers. 2015).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Temporal Genetic Variance and Propagule-Driven Genetic Structure Characterize Naturalized Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) from a Patagonian Lake Impacted by Trout Farming”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Any disease associated with the presence of flavobacteria
follitropin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: follitropins
Senses: examples: text: This hypothesis is corroborated by such a vestigial P2.59 proline in the closely related follitropin receptor from M.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Molecular Insights into the Transmembrane Domain of the Thyrotropin Receptor”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Synonym of follicle stimulating hormone.
synonyms: word: follicle stimulating hormone
Derived terms: urofollitropin
glycocholenate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of AF were 1.22 (1.12–1.32) for glycolithocholate sulfate and 1.22 (1.10–1.35) for glycocholenate sulfate per 1-standard deviation higher levels.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Metabolomics and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of glycocholate.
izafet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: izafets
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Synonym of ezafe.
synonyms: word: ezafe
izafets
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of izafet
causativization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: causativizations
Etymology: From causative + -ization.
Senses: glosses: The process of causativizing.
causativizations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of causativization
glycoconjugated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From glyco- + conjugated.
Senses: examples: text: Rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) is one of the main glycoconjugated forms of quercetin present in planta, and its antioxidant properties and pharmacological benefits for the treatment of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia have been recently reviewed [5 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Lactobacillus acidophilus —Rutin Interplay Investigated by Proteomics”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: conjugated with a carbohydrate
Related terms: glycoconjugate
causativize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: causativizes
form: causativizing
form: causativized
form: causativized
Etymology: From causative + -ize.
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: To make or become causative.
causativized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of causativize
causativizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of causativize
causativizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of causativize
Qafar
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Synonym of Afar (the Cushitic language)
synonyms: word: Afar
extra: the Cushitic language
glycodeoxycholate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From glycodeoxycholic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: examples: text: The untargeted metabolomics assessment measured other bile acids in serum, including glycocholate, glycodeoxycholate, and ursodeoxycholate, but none of these were significantly associated with AF risk after correction for multiple comparisons.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Metabolomics and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: The conjugate base, or any salt or ester, of glycodeoxycholic acid.
Hypernyms: bile acid
Coordinate terms: english: coordinate as an acid versus a base, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution
translation: coordinate as an acid versus a base, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution
word: glycodeoxycholic acid
superallergen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: superallergens
Etymology: From super- + allergen.
Senses: glosses: Any highly allergenic substance.
superallergens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of superallergen
panallergen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: panallergens
Etymology: From pan- + allergen.
Senses: glosses: Any of a class of ubiquitous allergenic substances.
panallergens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of panallergen
glycolithocholate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glycolithocholates
Senses: examples: text: Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of AF were 1.22 (1.12–1.32) for glycolithocholate sulfate and 1.22 (1.10–1.35) for glycocholenate sulfate per 1-standard deviation higher levels.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Metabolomics and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in African Americans: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Any salt, ester or conjugate of glycolithocholic acid
hemomediastinum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hemo- + mediastinum.
Senses: examples: text: Massive hemorrhage, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax requiring drainage, cardiac tamponade, and hemomediastinum have all been reported as TBNA complications[30 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Endobronchial Ultrasound Changed the World of Lung Cancer Patients: A^([sic]) 11-Year Institutional Experience”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: The presence of blood in the mediastinum
iodobead
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: iodobeads
form: iodo-bead
Etymology: From iodo- + bead.
Senses: examples: text: The use of a single iodobead allows controlled iodination, so that both enzymatic activity and susceptibility to endocytosis by the M6P receptor are preserved [12 –14 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Alpha Adrenergic Induction of Transport of Lysosomal Enzyme across the Blood-Brain Barrier”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A small polystyrene ball, coated with an oxidizing agent, that is used to catalyze iodination reactions, typically in order to incorporate iodine-125
iodine-125
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
sciences
glosses: The radioactive isotope of iodine, ¹²⁵₅₃I, having a half-life of 59 days; used as a radiation therapy.
macrolactin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In the present study, we report that 7-O-succinyl macrolactin A (SMA) suppresses tumor growth by stabilizing the β-catenin destruction complex, which was achieved through inhibition of regulatory components associated with the complex.
ref: 2015 November 7, “The Anti-Tumor Activity of Succinyl Macrolactin A Is Mediated through the β-Catenin Destruction Complex via the Suppression of Tankyrase and PI3K/Akt”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: An antibacterial peptide produced by the silkworm Bombyx mori; the gene responsible for its production
macropinocytic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From macro- + pinocytic.
Senses: examples: text: Here, we show that MARCO was internalized either by ruffling of plasma membrane followed by macropinocytosis or by endocytosis followed by fusion with autophagosome in CHO-K1 cells stably transfected with GFP-MARCO. The macropinocytic process generated large vesicles when the plasma membrane subsided.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Macrophage Receptor with Collagenous Structure (MARCO) Is Processed by either Macropinocytosis or Endocytosis-Autophagy Pathway”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: relating to a macropinosome
glosses: relating to macropinocytosis
methanococcus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: methanococci
Etymology: From the genus name.
Senses: glosses: Any methanogen of the genus Methanococcus
Related terms: methanococcal
methanococci
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The aminotransferase branch, used by plants and methanococci, involves a single step amine transfer to produce the precursor of m-DAP, LL-DAP [38 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Identification of Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Meso -2, 6-Diaminopimelate Dehydrogenase from Porphyromonas gingivalis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of methanococcus
extrametrical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From extra- + metrical.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Exhibiting or relating to extrametricality.
methanolysized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The methyl esters can be used to indicate methanolysized PHA and were identified with a NIST98 MS data library based on the comparison of both the GC retention time and the mass spectra with those of the authentic compounds.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Two Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthases from Distinct Classes from the Aromatic Degrader Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 Exhibit the Same Substrate Preference”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Produced using methanolysis
extrametrically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From extrametric + -ally.
Senses: glosses: By means of, or in terms of, extrametricality.
extrametricality
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From extra- + metrical + -ity.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The situation where a particular segment or prosodic unit of a word may be ignored for the purposes of determining the stresses in the word's pronunciation.
anticausativity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From anti- + causativity.
Senses: glosses: The property of being anticausative.
pseudoprefix
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pseudoprefixes
Etymology: From pseudo- + prefix.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A word element that looks like a prefix but is not, such as sub- in sublime.
pseudoprefixes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pseudoprefix
micropinocytic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From micro- + pinocyte + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: Earlier studies showed that circulating macromolecules appeared in micropinocytic vesicles within the endothelial cells, that micropinocytic vesicles fused with lysosomes, and that macromolecules not resistant to lysosomal degradation were not found beyond the vascular endothelial cell linings.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Alpha Adrenergic Induction of Transport of Lysosomal Enzyme across the Blood-Brain Barrier”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to micropinocytosis.
monobranched
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mono- + branched.
Senses: examples: text: Four monobranched candidates were prepared as candidate structures for the comparison of the GC t R to that of compound 2 . 2-Pentyl dodecanoate (2-PD), 2-methylbutyl dodecanoate (2-MBD), and 3-methylbutyl dodecanoate (3-MBD) were synthesized using the same procedure employed in the synthesis of 3-pentyl dodecanoate 2 via a reaction between the corresponding alcohols and dodecanoyl chloride.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Identification of Esters as Novel Aggregation Pheromone Components Produced by the Male Powder-Post Beetle, Lyctus africanus Lesne (Coleoptera: Lyctinae)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Having a single branch
multigenes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In Drosophila melanogaster, the cecropin multigenes family consists of both four functional genes (Cecropin A1, A2, B and C), two pseudo-genes (Cecropin 1 and 2) and the functional genes coding for cecropins [21 ,22 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Cecropins from Plutella xylostella and Their Interaction with Metarhizium anisopliae”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of multigene
neuromyelitisoptica
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Of the other three non-TBM patients with positive T-SPOT.TB results only on PBMCs, one was diagnosed with virus meningitis, one with cryptococcus meningitis, and one with neuromyelitisoptica.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Diagnostic Value of T-Cell Interferon-γ Release Assays on Cerebrospinal Fluid for Tuberculous Meningitis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Alternative form of neuromyelitis optica.
neurothesiometer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neurothesiometers
Senses: examples: text: Vibration perception thresholds (VPT) examination, is an example of absolute sensory testing, using different devices, such as a neurothesiometer, or case IV device, and provides more objective information, and is more sensitive and specific for detecting changes in sensory nerve function, than qualitative clinical vibration sense testing (VQT).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Elevated Vibration Perception Thresholds in CIDP Patients Indicate More Severe Neuropathy and Lower Treatment Response Rates”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A device that is used for the determination of vibration sensitivity threshold on parts of the body
postsyntactic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From post- + syntactic.
Senses: examples: text: Japanese has postsyntactic compounds that consist of whole phrases.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Formed or occurring after the syntactic stage.
neurothesiometers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of neurothesiometer
noncuratorial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + curatorial.
Senses: glosses: Not curatorial.
unmercurial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unmercurial
form: most unmercurial
Etymology: From un- + mercurial.
Senses: glosses: Not mercurial.
subcompounding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From sub- + compounding.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The formation of subcompounds.
cocompounding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From co- + compound + -ing.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The formation of cocompounds.
cocompound
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cocompounds
Etymology: From co- + compound.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Synonym of dvandva.
synonyms: word: dvandva
subcompound
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: subcompounds
Etymology: From sub- + compound.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A compound that makes up part of a larger compound.
neuromyelitis optica
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Included in the archive are […] paintings by Connie Karleta Sales, an artist and poet who lives with neuromyelitis optica, an autoimmune disease that attacks the spinal cord and optic nerves.
ref: 2023 August 1, Ian Sample, “Lunar Codex: digitised works of 30,000 artists to be archived on moon”, in The Guardian:
qualifier: neuropathology
glosses: An autoimmune disease with a similar presentation to multiple sclerosis, but is common in Asians and in most cases is characterised by the presence of anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies.
scenius
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /siːni.əs/
Forms: form: sceniuses
form: scenii
Etymology: Blend of scene (“subculture”) + genius, sometimes attributed to Brian Eno.
Senses: examples: text: Tim Berners-Lee has ascribed his own tech breakthrough to the “scenius”: “Most of the technology involved in the web . . . had been designed already, I just had to put them together.”
ref: 2025 June 28, Lucasta Miller, “The cleverness conundrum”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, review of The Genius Myth, page 9:
glosses: The intelligence of a whole operation or group of people; collective creativity.
wikipedia: Brian Eno
echoback
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From echo + back.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A test where data is transmitted from one system to another system and back again.
subconstituency
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: subconstituencies
Etymology: From sub- + constituency.
Senses: glosses: A constituency (electoral district or special interest group) that makes up part of a larger constituency.
examples: text: The dominance relation directly characterizes the property of subconstituency: X dominates Y if Y is a subconstituent of X.
ref: 2000, North Eastern Linguistic Society, NELS: Proceedings of the North East Linguistic Society:
text: The result is the exclusion of access by a selecting head to information about either the phonological form or the syntactic subconstituency of its arguments.
ref: 2003, Lynn Nadel, Encyclopedia of cognitive science - Volume 1, →ISBN, page 670:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The property of being a subconstituent.
Related terms: subconstituent
subconstituencies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of subconstituency
subconstituents
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of subconstituent
prealphabetic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + alphabetic.
Senses: glosses: Before the invention of the alphabet.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Before the alphabet has been learned.
carrot crunchers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of carrot cruncher
uncontemplative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more uncontemplative
form: most uncontemplative
Etymology: From un- + contemplative.
Senses: glosses: Not contemplative.
unprayerful
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unprayerful
form: most unprayerful
Etymology: From un- + prayerful.
Senses: glosses: Not prayerful.
unrelieving
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unrelieving
form: most unrelieving
Etymology: From un- + relieving.
Senses: examples: an unrelieving rainstorm
glosses: From which there is no relief; unrelenting.
ice cream parlour
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ice cream parlours
Senses: glosses: British standard spelling of ice cream parlor.
telegramese
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From telegram + -ese.
Senses: glosses: The terse, abbreviated writing style used in telegrams.
Baudot code
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Invented by Émile Baudot.
Senses: glosses: An early character encoding used in telegraphy, representing each letter in the alphabet by five bits (binary digits).
wikipedia: Émile Baudot
obstructions of justice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of obstruction of justice
presumptions of innocence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of presumption of innocence
sceniuses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: * See scenius
Senses: glosses: plural of scenius
scenii
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: * See scenius
Senses: glosses: plural of scenius
liberalphobia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From liberal + -phobia.
Senses: glosses: The fear or hatred of political liberals.
natural causes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Some military casualties are by natural causes and accidents.
text: The medical examiner determined that he had died of natural causes.
glosses: Causes such as illness or disease, as opposed to direct external forces.
raw_tags: of death or dying
Coordinate terms: sense: cause of death
word: accident
sense: cause of death
word: misadventure
sense: cause of death
word: suicide
sense: cause of death
word: homicide
noodleburgers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of noodleburger
lexicomorphological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From lexico- + morphological.
Senses: glosses: Relating to lexis and morphology.
sgraffitoes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sgraffito
sgraffitoes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of sgraffito (alternative form of sgraffitos)
AI winter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: AI winters
Etymology: By analogy to the idea of a nuclear winter.
Senses: examples: text: A lot of people are talking about — actually have been talking about — a particular scenario of the artificial intelligence industry known as the "AI Winter."
ref: 1985, AI Trends, volumes 2-3, page 3:
text: Their products offered little business value at the time, and so the commercial enthusiasm ended in disappointment, leading to a period now referred to as the “A.I. Winter.”
ref: 2016 July 17, John Markoff, “Artificial Intelligence Swarms Silicon Valley on Wings and Wheels”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
topics: economics
sciences
qualifier: artificial intelligence
glosses: A period of reduced funding and interest in artificial intelligence research.
Related terms: AIpocalypse
AI winters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of AI winter
aftersummer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From after- + summer.
Senses: glosses: A short period after summer.
fastwalker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fastwalkers
Etymology: From fast + walker, from the notion that UFOs travel fast. Originally a code word created by NORAD.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
ufology
glosses: Synonym of UFO.
synonyms: word: UFO
fastwalkers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of fastwalker
neurotracer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neurotracers
Etymology: From neuro- + tracer.
Senses: examples: text: A piece of Gelfoam (Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI) soaked in a 5% solution of the neurotracer dye fluorogold (Fluorochrome, Denver, CO) was directly applied to each superior colliculus.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Differential Effects of C1qa Ablation on Glaucomatous Damage in Two Sexes in DBA/2NNia Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A fluorescent tracer that adheres to neurons
osteophilic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more osteophilic
form: most osteophilic
Etymology: From osteo- + -philic.
Senses: examples: text: These data indicate that osteophilic PC cell lines are readily modulated by the bone microenvironment and that small changes in the amount of OB-derived Wnt signaling can alter their invasive potential, in vitro.
ref: 2015 November 7, “SOST Inhibits Prostate Cancer Invasion”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That has an affinity for bone
phosphosilicate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phosphosilicates
Etymology: From phospho- + silicate.
Senses: examples: text: In addition, prophylaxis paste containing 15% calcium sodium phosphosilicate was favored over the negative control at reducing post-periodontal therapy hypersensitivity, with the level of evidence categorized as “low”.
ref: 2015 November 7, “The Effect of Calcium Sodium Phosphosilicate on Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A mixed salt containing phosphate and silicate
postaccelerated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: Secondary ions were postaccelerated to 10 keV before hitting the detector.
ref: 2015 November 7, “ATP-Mediated Compositional Change in Peripheral Myelin Membranes: A Comparative Raman Spectroscopy and Time-Of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: simple past and past participle of postaccelerate
neurotracers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of neurotracer
premyofiber
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: premyofibers
Etymology: From pre- + myofiber.
Senses: glosses: A structure that develops into a myofiber
premyofibers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Additionally, fast myosin is never incorporated into the early premyofibers when sarcomeres are first being assembled (19hpf).
ref: 2015 November 7, “Still Heart Encodes a Structural HMT, SMYD1b, with Chaperone-Like Function during Fast Muscle Sarcomere Assembly”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of premyofiber
pterygiophores
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Fish were also marked with a single external dart tag (Hallprint, Hallprint Pty Ltd, Hindmarsh Valley, South Australia; 85 mm long, 2 mm dia.) inserted into the dorsal musculature and secured between the dorsal pterygiophores.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Movements, Home Range and Site Fidelity of Snapper ( Chrysophrys auratus ) within a Temperate Marine Protected Area”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of pterygiophore
other sides of the coin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of other side of the coin
other side of the coin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: the other side of the coin
form: other sides of the coin
Etymology: Around 1900 from other side of the medal, from other side of the shield.
Senses: examples: text: You can work all day and get a lot of money, but the other side of the coin is that you'll have less time to spend with your family.
synonyms: flip side
glosses: A different aspect or way of seeing or thinking about something.
Related terms: by the same token
radiculoplexopathy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: radiculoplexopathies
Etymology: From radiculoplexus + -o- + -pathy.
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: neuropathy of the radiculoplexus
radiculoplexopathies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In addition, misclassification and selection bias are potential errors, as there are no biomarkers to make a definitive diagnosis of CIDP. There are additional neuropathies causing proximal weakness, such as diabetic radiculoplexopathies, and slowing of conduction velocity might be due to loss of ion channels in the inter-nodal region or other factors without true demyelination.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Elevated Vibration Perception Thresholds in CIDP Patients Indicate More Severe Neuropathy and Lower Treatment Response Rates”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of radiculoplexopathy
with one's jaw in one's lap
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Etymology: Extension of the metaphor used in jaw-dropping.
Senses: examples: text: The contortionist's performance left me with my jaw in my lap.
glosses: astonished, amazed
radiculoplexus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A complex of nerves in the lumbosacral root
rhamnosidase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rhamnosidases
Etymology: From rhamnoside + -ase.
Senses: examples: text: In particular, the rhamnosidase from Lactobacillus acidophilus was able to efficiently degrade flavanone and flavonol glycosides such as hesperidin, naringin and rutin [11 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “Lactobacillus acidophilus —Rutin Interplay Investigated by Proteomics”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a rhamnoside.
Derived terms: endorhamnosidase
succinylase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: succinylases
Etymology: From succinyl + -ase.
Senses: examples: text: The succinylase branch utilizes succinyl-CoA to generate succinylated intermediates; similarly the acetylase branch utilizes acetyl-CoA to produce acetylated intermediates.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Identification of Small-Molecule Inhibitors against Meso -2, 6-Diaminopimelate Dehydrogenase from Porphyromonas gingivalis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any enzyme that catalyzes the formation of succinate esters
transduct
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: transducts
form: transducting
form: transducted
form: transducted
Senses: examples: text: Imd pathways may be taking the roles to regulate the expression of diptericins, while, Toll pathways transduct the signals to trigger the expression of cecropins, drosomycins etc.
ref: 2015 November 7, “Cecropins from Plutella xylostella and Their Interaction with Metarhizium anisopliae”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Alternative form of transduce.
tranthyretin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Among plasma and non-plasma proteins that form aggregates and cause serious pathological consequences, fibronectin, albumin, lysozyme and tranthyretin were selected for preparing fibrin co-aggregates.
ref: 2015 November 7, “An Enzyme from Aristolochia indica Destabilizes Fibrin-β Amyloid Co-Aggregate: Implication in Cerebrovascular Diseases”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of transthyretin.
sack lunch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sack lunches
Senses: examples: text: […] played “black man” and "run sheep run," ate sack lunches, and rushed home after school to bring in the cows […]
ref: 1994, Daniel Fitzgerald, Faded Dreams: More Ghost Towns of Kansas, page 149:
glosses: A packed lunch in a sack (especially a paper bag); broadly, synonym of packed lunch.
Coordinate terms: box lunch
Related terms: lunchbox
plate lunch
sack lunches
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sack lunch
trimetaphosphate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: trimetaphosphates
Etymology: From tri- + metaphosphate.
Senses: examples: text: This suggested that a second molecule of trimetaphosphate binds to the ribozyme and/or the first trimetaphosphate molecule and increases the reaction rate.
ref: 2015 November 7, “A Faster Triphosphorylation Ribozyme”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A cyclic phosphate P₃O₉³⁻
triphosphorylate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: triphosphorylates
form: triphosphorylating
form: triphosphorylated
form: triphosphorylated
Etymology: From tri- + phosphorylate.
Senses: examples: text: To test whether TPR1e was able to triphosphorylate free nucleosides, 14 C labeled guanosine was incubated with eight different variants of TPR1e.
ref: 2015 November 7, “A Faster Triphosphorylation Ribozyme”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: To phosphorylate to form a triphosphate
Related terms: triphosphorylation
triphosphorylation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: triphosphorylations
Etymology: From tri- + phosphorylation.
Senses: examples: text: In one of these studies, catalytic RNAs (ribozymes) that catalyze the triphosphorylation of RNA 5'-hydroxyl groups using Tmp were obtained by in vitro selection.
ref: 2015 November 7, “A Faster Triphosphorylation Ribozyme”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: phosphorylation to form a triphosphate
triphosphorylations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Multiple-turnover triphosphorylations of short RNA oligonucleotides could have been sufficient to mediate RNA polymerization if RNA polymerization would have proceeded in 3'-5' direction instead of today's biological 5'-3' direction [10, 11 ].
ref: 2015 November 7, “A Faster Triphosphorylation Ribozyme”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of triphosphorylation
underidentified
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From under- + identified.
Senses: examples: text: We also note that the special case in which the b parameter is set a priori to 1 is underidentified and requires an arbitrary constraint on one item parameter or, equivalently, on the a distribution parameter.
ref: 2015 November 7, “A New Extension of the Binomial Error Model for Responses to Items of Varying Difficulty in Educational Testing and Attitude Surveys”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Insufficiently identified
race realist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: race realists
Senses: examples: text: Taylor, a Yale graduate with international degrees, uses pseudoscience to make racism appear natural and calls his colleagues "race realists" (Fogg, 2006). These race realists were presenters at American Renaissance’s Seventh Biennial International Conference in Virginia in February of 2006 and included Nick Griffin.
ref: 2009, Mary E. Earick, Racially Equitable Teaching: Beyond the Whiteness of Professional Development for Early Childhood Educators, Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 39:
text: The publication of Galton's novel was picked up online by so-called race realists, whose websites I shall not flatter by listing, which further positioned it within the late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century literature of ‘white crisis’ (Bonnet, 2008: 18–19).
ref: 2013, Debbie Challis, The Archaeology of Race: The Eugenic Ideas of Francis Galton and Flinders Petrie, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, pages 12–13:
text: The self-described “race realist” is unrepentant in embracing the label and expounding his views.
ref: 2016 August 26, Jason Wilson, “'The races are not equal': meet the alt-right leader in Clinton's campaign ad”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A believer in scientific racism (“racism presented as science or as supported by science”); a person who believes empirical evidence exists to support the notion of innate racial differences (that some races are superior and others inferior).
examples: text: Professor Gordon considers himself a "race realist." Consequently, one must ask: Has it ever occurred to your intellectual realist to question the "scientifically neutral" criterion or criteria upon which the institution of those "neighborhood lines" were based in the first place?
ref: 2007, Delores P. Aldridge, E. Lincoln James, Africana Studies: Philosophical Perspectives and Theoretical Paradigms:
text: A critical race realist should utilize the best of both these approaches.
ref: 2008, Gregory Parks, Shayne Edward Jones, W. Jonathan Cardi, Critical Race Realism: Intersections of Psychology, Race, and Law:
text: When race is restricted to the biological viewpoint, two opposite positions are encountered: (1) race detractors, who believe race is a pure social concept and has no biological reality and (2) race realists (Malik, 2012), who believe race has some biological reality, is not only a mere vision of the mind, and could be a usual proxy for biomedical studies.
ref: 2016, Michel Tibayrenc, “The Race/Ethnic Debate: An Outsider's View”, in Michel Tibayrenc, Francisco J. Ayala, editors, On Human Nature: Biology, Psychology, Ethics, Politics, and Religion, Academic Press, →ISBN, page 635:
text: Constructionists use it to demolish the opposition without fear of contradiction, because by claiming that race realists hold essentialist positions, they poison the well with definitions of race that their proponents cannot recognize.
ref: 2017, Anthony Walsh, Science Wars: Politics, Gender, and Race, Routledge, →ISBN:
antonyms: race detractor
glosses: One who believes that the human species is divided into observable races.