cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
mug
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: mŭg
ipa: /mʌɡ/
rhymes: -ʌɡ
Forms: form: mugs
form: mugging
form: mugged
form: mugged
Etymology: Early 16th century (originally Scots and northern English, denoting "earthenware, pot, jug"), of unknown origin, perhaps from North Germanic (compare Swedish mugg (“mug, jug”), Norwegian mugge (“pitcher, open can for warm drinks”), Danish mugge), or Low German mokke, mukke (“mug”), German Low German Muck (“drinking cup”), Dutch mok (“mug”), also of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Old English muga (“stack”) and Old Norse múgr (“mass, heap (of corn)”). Compare also Middle English mug, mog (“a measure of salt”).
Senses: examples: text: Madgbury showed game, drove Abbot in a corner, but got well Mugg'd.
ref: 1821, The Fancy, i. p.261:
text: 1857, "The Leary Man", in Anglicus Ducange, The Vulgar Tongue
And if you come to fibbery, You must Mug one or two,
text: "Suppose they had Mugged you?" / "Done what to me?" / "Mugged you. Slogged you, you know."
ref: 1866 May 5, London Miscellany, page 102:
glosses: To strike in the face.
glosses: To assault for the purpose of robbery.
examples: text: The children weren't interested in sitting still for a serious photo; they mugged for the camera.
text: Her dress is too obviously "costume," and Ford-Smith mugs too broadly for us to forget, as we should, that Katie is a theatrical invention.
ref: 1989 May 6, Mara Math, “Boston's Women in Theatre Extravaganza”, in Gay Community News, page 6:
text: Taping an episode that pairs him with the veteran leading man Richard Roundtree in front of a live audience, Mr. Smith displayed a strong sense of comedic timing, mugged for the camera at will, improvised dialogue with alacrity […]
ref: 1990 September 17, Larry Rohter, “‘Fresh Prince of Bel Air’ Puts Rap in Mainstream”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: To exaggerate a facial expression for communicative emphasis; to make a face, to pose, as for photographs or in a performance, in an exaggerated or affected manner.
examples: text: Perhaps if I told you that there were forty arrests made in one day here, you will realize that with this small equipment available in the Sheriff's Office, it is very difficult to get mugs. These people are being mugged as they are being arrested but with an entirely inadequate force at work prints have not as yet been made.
ref: 1940, United States. Congress Senate, Hearings (volume 13, page 27252)
text: The Bat—they called him the Bat.[…]. He'd never been in stir, the bulls had never mugged him, he didn't run with a mob, he played a lone hand, and fenced his stuff so that even the fence couldn't swear he knew his face.
ref: 1920, Mary Roberts Rinehart, Avery Hopwood, chapter I, in The Bat: A Novel from the Play (Dell Book; 241), New York, N.Y.: Dell Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 01:
glosses: To photograph for identification; to take a mug shot of.
glosses: To learn or review a subject as much as possible in a short time; cram.
Derived terms: chug
mean-mug
muggable
muggee
mugger
mug off
mug up
unmugged
mug
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: mŭg
ipa: /mʌɡ/
rhymes: -ʌɡ
Forms: form: mugger
form: muggest
Etymology: Early 16th century (originally Scots and northern English, denoting "earthenware, pot, jug"), of unknown origin, perhaps from North Germanic (compare Swedish mugg (“mug, jug”), Norwegian mugge (“pitcher, open can for warm drinks”), Danish mugge), or Low German mokke, mukke (“mug”), German Low German Muck (“drinking cup”), Dutch mok (“mug”), also of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Old English muga (“stack”) and Old Norse múgr (“mass, heap (of corn)”). Compare also Middle English mug, mog (“a measure of salt”).
Senses: examples: text: "Great heavens! Is it?" Drummond helped himself to marmalade. "And to think that I once pictured myself skewering Huns with it. Do you think anybody would be mug enough to buy it, James?"
ref: 1920, Herman Cyril McNeile, chapter 1, in Bulldog Drummond:
glosses: Easily fooled, gullible.
examples: text: But anyways, I stayed back a second year and my papa was visiting when momma was opening de report card. Papa gave me de muggest moment in my life like.
ref: 2013 April 12, “Exclusive: Meet Derpuntae - Bermuda's first meme”, in The Bermuda Sun, archived from the original on 12 Dec 2022:
text: So... complaining about Bermuda being boring/mug on a constant does what exactly?
ref: 2020 February 4, @makim_ori, Twitter, archived from the original on 07 Jul 2023:
qualifier: Bermuda
glosses: Uninteresting or unpleasant.
mug
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: mŭg
ipa: /mʌɡ/
rhymes: -ʌɡ
Forms: form: mugs
Etymology: Informal variant of motherfucker.
Senses: qualifier: African-American Vernacular
glosses: Motherfucker (usually in similes, e.g. "like a mug" or "as a mug")
Welt
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Welts
Etymology: Borrowed from German Welt.
Senses: glosses: A surname from German.
sein
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: seins
Senses: glosses: Archaic spelling of seine.
seine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /seɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
homophone: sane
Forms: form: seines
form: sean
form: sein
Etymology: From Old English seġne, from Proto-West Germanic *sagīna, from Latin sagēna, from Ancient Greek σαγήνη (sagḗnē, “dragnet”), of unknown origin.
Senses: examples: text: We all went on Monday Evening to the sea shore, to see the scene Drawn: this is a most curious Work: and all done by Women.
ref: 1773, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin, published 2001, page 21:
text: They were too busy hauling at ropes, collectively drawing a large seine across the bay before them – and singing their hearts out.
ref: 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 169:
glosses: A long net having floats attached at the top and sinkers (weights) at the bottom, used in shallow water for catching fish.
Derived terms: anchor seine
Danish seine
purse seine
seine
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /seɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
homophone: sane
Forms: form: seines
form: seining
form: seined
form: seined
form: sean
form: sein
Etymology: From Old English seġne, from Proto-West Germanic *sagīna, from Latin sagēna, from Ancient Greek σαγήνη (sagḗnē, “dragnet”), of unknown origin.
Senses: examples: text: This was especially the case with seining for pilchards.
ref: 1974, James Whetter, Cornwall in the 17th Century: An Economic History of Kernow:
glosses: To use a seine, to fish with a seine.
Derived terms: seiner
Heimweh
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From German Heimweh.
Senses: examples: text: For the long trail stretched before us, for we heard the call, / Left the hearthstone and the homeland, felt the rover's thrall; / Wandered to the far horizon, sought the joy of life— / Now the wanderlust is waning, heimweh now is rife.
ref: 1908 December 12, Harry Davids, Tom Springer, “Christmas Sorrows”, in Alfred Holman, editor, The Argonaut, volume LXIII, number 1655, San Francisco, Calif.: Argonaut Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 397, column 1:
glosses: Homesickness.
cosy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkəʊzi/
enpr: kō'-zē
ipa: /ˈkoʊzi/
rhymes: -əʊzi
Forms: form: cosier
form: cosiest
form: cozy
form: cosie
form: cosey
form: cozey
form: cozie
Etymology: From Scots cosie, from Old Scots colsie, but ultimate derivation is unknown. Possibly of North Germanic origin, such as Norwegian kose seg (“to have a cozy time”), from Old Norse kose sig, from koselig, koslig, perhaps ultimately from Old High German kōsa; see modern German kosen (“to cuddle”).
Senses: examples: text: Mr. Pickwick expressed the pleasure it would afford him to meet the medical fellows; and Mr. Bob Sawyer had informed him that he meant to be very cosey, and that his friend Ben was to be one of the party, they shook hands and separated
ref: 1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, “How the Pickwickians Made and Cultivated the Acquaintance of a Couple of Nice Young Men Belonging to One of the Liberal Professions; […]”, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC, page 315:
text: One of us must marry well; Meg didn't, Jo won't, Beth can't, yet,—so I shall, and make everything cosy all round.
ref: 1869, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, “Our Foreign Correspondent”, in Little Women: […], 2nd part, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, →OCLC, page 120:
synonyms: snug#Adjective
hygge#Adjective
homely
hypernyms: comfortable
comfy#Adjective
glosses: Affording comfort and warmth; snug; social and comfortable.
raw_tags: of a place or object
examples: text: I feel very cosy here in my bed.
synonyms: snug#Adjective
snug as a bug in a rug
glosses: Warm and comfortable.
raw_tags: of a person
Derived terms: cosified
cosily
cosiness
cosy catastrophe
cosy up
cozy up
uncosy
cosy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkəʊzi/
enpr: kō'-zē
ipa: /ˈkoʊzi/
rhymes: -əʊzi
Forms: form: cosies
form: cozy
form: cosie
form: cosey
form: cozey
form: cozie
Etymology: From Scots cosie, from Old Scots colsie, but ultimate derivation is unknown. Possibly of North Germanic origin, such as Norwegian kose seg (“to have a cozy time”), from Old Norse kose sig, from koselig, koslig, perhaps ultimately from Old High German kōsa; see modern German kosen (“to cuddle”).
Senses: glosses: A padded or knit covering put on an item to keep it warm, especially a teapot or egg.
glosses: A padded or knit covering for any item (often an electronic device such as a laptop computer).
glosses: A work of crime fiction in which sex and violence are downplayed or treated humorously, and the crime and detection take place in a small, socially intimate community.
Derived terms: cushion-cosy
cushion cosy
egg cosy
egg cozy
loo-roll cosy
loo roll cosy
tea cosy
tea cozy
toilet roll cosy
toilet-roll cosy
cosy
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkəʊzi/
enpr: kō'-zē
ipa: /ˈkoʊzi/
rhymes: -əʊzi
Forms: form: cosies
form: cosying
form: cosied
form: cosied
form: cozy
form: cosie
form: cosey
form: cozey
form: cozie
Etymology: From Scots cosie, from Old Scots colsie, but ultimate derivation is unknown. Possibly of North Germanic origin, such as Norwegian kose seg (“to have a cozy time”), from Old Norse kose sig, from koselig, koslig, perhaps ultimately from Old High German kōsa; see modern German kosen (“to cuddle”).
Senses: glosses: To become snug and comfortable.
examples: text: He spent all day cosying up to the new boss, hoping for a plum assignment.
glosses: To become friendly with.
Related terms: cosy along
cosy up
cosy up to
cozen
gezellig
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡəˈzɛlɪɡ/
note: semi-learned
ipa: /həˈzɛlə/
note: semi-learned
ipa: /hɛ-/
note: semi-learned
ipa: /-lɪk/
ipa: /xəˈzɛlə/
ipa: /xəˈzɛləx/
Forms: form: more gezellig
form: gezelliger
form: most gezellig
form: gezelligest
Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch gezellig.
Senses: examples: text: The Team's collective sense of responsibility was expended in the effort to create a gezellig environment for the children and one another. … This list is typical of the insight the Team had into the learnings buried inside the expressive arts they fostered. Though they talked often of their desire to maintain a gezellig environment in the school, and took great pain as well as pleasure in doing it, the goal of gezelligheid served other ends as well.
ref: 1996, Loren Barritt, “Chapter 8. School Should be Gezellig”, in An Elementary School in Holland: Experiment in Educational Practice, International Books, pages 160–178:
text: I’m told there’s a Dutch word that captures this spirit, which doesn’t translate exactly into English. But let me say that my first visit to the Netherlands has been truly gezellig.
ref: 2014 March 25, Barack Obama, “Press Conference with President Obama and Prime Minister Rutte of the Netherlands”, in The White House:
text: Consistently excellent and inventive food in a very relaxed and gezellig environment.
ref: 2024 July 14, “Always a winner - Review of Meneer De Wit Heeft Honger, Amsterdam, The Netherlands”, in Tripadvisor:
glosses: Having a pleasant, cozy, or sociable atmosphere; inviting and convivial.
Related terms: hygge
koselig
Sehnsucht
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈzeɪnˌzuːxt/
ipa: /ˈzeɪnˌzʊxt/
Forms: form: sehnsucht
Etymology: Borrowed from German Sehnsucht, from sehnen (“to long”) + Sucht (“anxiety; sickness; addiction”).
Senses: glosses: Tender, wistful, or melancholic desire; yearning, longing.
cartouche
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɑːˈtuːʃ/
ipa: /kɑrˈtuʃ/
ipa: /kɑɹˈtuʃ/
rhymes: -uːʃ
Forms: form: cartouches
Etymology: Borrowed from French cartouche, from Italian cartuccia, from carta, from Latin charta, from Ancient Greek χάρτης (khártēs). Doublet of cartridge.
Senses: examples: escutcheon
topics: architecture
glosses: An ornamental figure, often on an oval shield.
examples: text: Besides the uncial writing on the convex side of the sherd at the top, painted in dull red, on what had once been the lip of the amphora, was the cartouche already mentioned as being on the scarabaeus, which we had also found in the casket.
ref: 1887, H. Rider Haggard, chapter 3, in She:
text: In 1762, Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, a French priest who was a scholar of Eastern languages, had made the inspired guess that the cartouches set off words of great importance, such as the names of gods or rulers.
ref: 2013, Margalit Fox, The Riddle of the Labyrinth, Profile 2014, page 49:
topics: Egyptology
history
human-sciences
sciences
qualifier: hieroglyphs
glosses: An oval figure containing the characters of an important personal name, such as that of royal or divine people.
topics: cartography
geography
natural-sciences
glosses: A decorative emblem on a globe or map.
topics: engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: A paper cartridge.
topics: engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: A wooden case filled with balls, to be shot from a cannon.
topics: engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: A gunner's bag for ammunition.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A military pass for a soldier on furlough.
Related terms: sense: Egyptian hieroglyphs
word: serekh
formaldehyde
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɔː(ɹ)ˈmældɪhaɪd/
Forms: form: formaldehydes
Etymology: From form(yl) + aldehyde.
Senses: examples: text: The shark chosen to replace the original was injected with 224 gallons of formaldehyde, ten times the amount used on the first shark and in a stronger concentration.
ref: 2010, Don Thompson, The $12 Million Stuffed Shark, Aurum Press Limited, →ISBN:
text: Back in 2006, Hirst found himself at the centre of a different debate arising out of the need to refurbish or update formaldehyde pieces that are prone to decay. It related to the piece that made him famous: the formaldehyde shark The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living (1991), which had been bought by the US hedge fund billionaire Steve Cohen for $8m.
ref: 2024 March 19, Maeve McClenaghan, “Damien Hirst formaldehyde animal works dated to 1990s were made in 2017”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The simplest aldehyde, HCHO, a colourless gas that has many industrial applications; it dissolves in water to give formol (10%) and formalin.
Synonyms: sense: HCHO
word: E240
sense: HCHO
word: methanal
Hypernyms: sense: organic compound
word: aldehyde
sense: organic compound
word: volatile organic compound
Derived terms: deuteroformaldehyde
formose
metaformaldehyde
paraformaldehyde
phenol formaldehyde resin
polyformaldehyde
urea-formaldehyde
Related terms: formalin
formic acid
formol
thioformaldehyde
pumice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌm.ɪs/
homophone: pomace
rhymes: -ʌmɪs
Forms: form: pumices
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman and Old French pomis (“pumice stone”), from Latin pūmex (“pumice stone”). Doublet of pounce.
Senses: examples: text: The wind blew close to the ground - it rooted among the tussock grass - slithered along the road, so that the white pumice dust swirled in our faces - settled and sifted over us and was like a dry-skin itching for growth on our bodies.
ref: 1912, Katherine Mansfield, The Woman at the Store, Oxford World's Classics 2002, page 10:
glosses: A light, porous type of pyroclastic igneous rock, formed during explosive volcanic eruptions when liquid lava is ejected into water or air as a froth containing masses of gas bubbles, which are frozen into the rock as the lava solidifies.
Derived terms: pumicelike
pumiceous
pumice raft
pumice stone
Related terms: pumicate
pumiceous
pumiciform
pumice
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌm.ɪs/
homophone: pomace
rhymes: -ʌmɪs
Forms: form: pumices
form: pumicing
form: pumiced
form: pumiced
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman and Old French pomis (“pumice stone”), from Latin pūmex (“pumice stone”). Doublet of pounce.
Senses: glosses: To abrade or roughen with pumice.
Related terms: pumiceous
pumice stone
mope
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /məʊp/
ipa: /moʊp/
rhymes: -əʊp
Forms: form: mopes
form: moping
form: moped
form: moped
Etymology: Late Middle English (as a noun meaning "simpleton, fool"), probably related to mop (“young of an animal, moppet”).
Alternatively, of North Germanic origin, related to Swedish mopa (“to sulk”), Danish måbe, themselves borrowed from Low German mopen (“to make faces, gape”), of uncertain ultimate origin, but compare Proto-West Germanic *mauwu (“protruding lip, pout”). Compare also German muffen, French moue.
Senses: glosses: To carry oneself in a depressed, lackadaisical manner; to give oneself up to low spirits; to pout, sulk.
glosses: To make spiritless and stupid.
Derived terms: mope about
mope around
mopeful
moper
mopery
mopey
mopingly
mopish
mope
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /məʊp/
ipa: /moʊp/
rhymes: -əʊp
Forms: form: mopes
Etymology: Late Middle English (as a noun meaning "simpleton, fool"), probably related to mop (“young of an animal, moppet”).
Alternatively, of North Germanic origin, related to Swedish mopa (“to sulk”), Danish måbe, themselves borrowed from Low German mopen (“to make faces, gape”), of uncertain ultimate origin, but compare Proto-West Germanic *mauwu (“protruding lip, pout”). Compare also German muffen, French moue.
Senses: examples: text: When she gets upset, she has a little mope, and then gets over it.
glosses: The act of moping
examples: text: putting gulleries on some or other till they have made by their humouring or gulling ex stulto insanum, a mope or a noddy
ref: 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
synonyms: mopus
glosses: A dull, spiritless person.
examples: 2011: LA Weekly, documenting uses dating to the 1990s
The porn industry is many things. Subtle is not one of them. So when Porn Inc. went searching for a job title for people like Stephen Hill, the choice was "mope." It's based on the off-camera life of these fringe actors, hangers-on who mope around the studios hoping for a bit role, which if they're lucky might bring them $50 plus food — and the chance to have sex with a real, live woman.https://web.archive.org/web/20110310155324/http://www.laweekly.com/2011-02-24/news/porn-machete-murder/
qualifier: pornography industry
glosses: A bottom feeder who "mopes" around a pornography studio hoping for his big break and often does bit parts in exchange for room and board and meager pay.
Related terms: mope-eyed
pestilence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɛstələn(t)s/
ipa: /ˈpɛstɪlən(t)s/
ipa: /ˈpɛstlən(t)s/
Forms: form: pestilences
Etymology: From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin pestilentia (“plague”), from pestilens (“infected, unwholesome, noxious”); equivalent to pestilent + -ence.
Senses: examples: text: 1485, Thomas Malory, Le Morte Darthur, Book XVII, Chapter iii, leaf 347r
and hit was in the realme of Logrys and soo bifelle grete pestylence & grete harme to both Realmes
"And it was in the realm of Logris; and so befell great pestilence and great harm to both realms."
text: Thou shalt not be afraid for the terror by night; nor for the arrow that flieth by day;
Nor for the pestilence that walketh in darkness; nor for the destruction that wasteth at noonday.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 91:5-6:
text: "Take it, Christian dogsǃ take the palaces, the gardens, the mosques, the abode of our fathers - take plague with them; pestilence is the enemy we fly; if she be your friend, hug her to your bosoms. The curse of Allah is on Stamboul, share ye her fateǃ"
ref: 1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter II, in The Last Man. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:
text: It was reserved for Christians to torture bread, the staff of life, bread for which children in whole districts wail, bread, the gift of pasture to the poor, bread, for want of which thousands of our fellow beings annually perish by famine; it was reserved for Christians to torture the material of bread by fire, to create a chemical and maddening poison, burning up the brain and brutalizing the soul, and producing evils to humanity, in comparison of which, war, pestilence, and famine, cease to be evils.
ref: 1831 July 15, “Of the Blood”, in Western Journal of Health, volume 4, number 1, L. B. Lincoln, page 38:
text: The pestilence slew and slew, and ceased not by day or by night, and those who escaped from the pestilence were slain of the famine.
ref: 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
text: The snowshoe-rabbits build up through the years until they reach a climax when they seem to be everywhere; then with dramatic suddenness their pestilence falls upon them.
ref: 1949, Bruce Kiskaddon, George R. Stewart, Earth Abides:
synonyms: murrain
glosses: Any epidemic disease that is highly contagious, infectious, virulent and devastating.
glosses: Anything harmful to morals or public order.
Related terms: pest
pesticide
pestilent
mange
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /meɪnd͡ʒ/
enpr: mānj
rhymes: -eɪndʒ
Forms: form: manges
Etymology: From Middle English manjewe, manjeue, from Old French manjue, derived from mangier (“to eat”) (modern French manger (“to eat”)), from Latin manducare.
Senses: examples: text: Not yet come! [the] worrying of wolves, biting of mad dogs, the manges, and the—
ref: 1621, William Rowley, Thomas Dekker, John Ford, The Witch of Edmonton:
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
pathology
sciences
veterinary
zoology
coordinate_terms: word: scabies
english: in humans
translation: in humans
glosses: A skin disease of nonhuman mammals caused by parasitic mites (Sarcoptes spp., Demodecidae spp.).
Derived terms: demodectic mange
follicular mange
manged
mangy
red mange
sarcoptic mange
Related terms: mandible
manger
myxomatosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɪksəməˈtəʊsɪs/
Etymology: From myxoma + -osis.
Senses: examples: text: In addition to new diseases, Quammen touches on many of the examples often included in standard disease ecology or epidemiology courses—for example, myxomatosis in nonnative rabbits of Australia, and mutation rates in RNA versus DNA viruses.
ref: 2013 January 24, Katie L. Burke, “Ecological Dependency”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 1, United States: Sigma Xi, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 09 Feb 2017, page 64:
text: “A lot of factors have contributed to the rabbit population explosion: there was the pandemic, when no one could hunt for two years; they’ve become immune to myxomatosis; and the female can produce seven or eight offspring every two months,” Foix says.
ref: 2023 April 24, Stephen Burgen, “Catalonia’s farmers face threat of drought … and a plague of hungry rabbits”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: A usually fatal viral disease of rabbits, causing skin tumors.
glosses: A condition characterized by the growth of many myxomata (tumors of primitive connective tissue).
Synonyms: myxo
mixi
myxy
Derived terms: myxomatotic
frappe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɹæp/
rhymes: -æp
homophone: frap
Forms: form: frappes
form: frappé
Etymology: From French frappé.
Senses: glosses: A liqueur or cocktail served on shaved ice.
qualifier: Massachusetts
glosses: A thick milkshake containing ice cream.
glosses: An iced, sweetened, beaten coffee drink, associated with Greek cuisine.
Derived terms: frappuccino
frappé
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɹæˈpeɪ/
ipa: /ˈfɹæpeɪ/
rhymes: -æpeɪ
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: frappés
form: frappe
Etymology: Borrowed from French frappé, past participle of frapper (“to hit, strike”), from Old French fraper, from Old Low Franconian *hrappan 'to jerk, snatch', from Proto-Germanic *hrappijaną (“to hurry”), from *hrapaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krob.
Senses: glosses: A frozen fruit-flavoured dessert or appetizer.
glosses: Alternative form of frappe (“a liqueur or cocktail served on shaved ice”).
glosses: A movement where the foot is struck against the floor over the ankle in ballet or other forms of dance.
frappé
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɹæˈpeɪ/
ipa: /ˈfɹæpeɪ/
rhymes: -æpeɪ
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: frappe
Etymology: Borrowed from French frappé, past participle of frapper (“to hit, strike”), from Old French fraper, from Old Low Franconian *hrappan 'to jerk, snatch', from Proto-Germanic *hrappijaną (“to hurry”), from *hrapaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krob.
Senses: glosses: Iced; cooled.
erudite
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛɹ.ʊ.daɪt/
ipa: /ˈɛɹ.(j)u.daɪt/
ipa: /ˈɛɹ.(j)ə.daɪt/
Forms: form: more erudite
form: most erudite
Etymology: From Latin ērudītus, participle of ērudiō (“educate, train”), from e- (“out of”) + rudis (“rude, unskilled”). Doublet of erudit.
Senses: examples: text: The professor gave an erudite lecture that impressed everyone in the audience.
text: His erudite knowledge of ancient history made him a sought-after speaker.
text: She was praised for her erudite contributions to the academic journal.
text: At all events, if it involved any secret information in regard to old Roger Chillingworth, it was in a tongue unknown to the erudite clergyman, and did but increase the bewilderment of his mind.
ref: 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, chapter XII, in The Scarlet Letter:
text: Elmer Moffatt had been magnificent, rolling out his alternating effects of humour and pathos, stirring his audience by moving references to the Blue and the Gray, convulsing them by a new version of Washington and the Cherry Tree […], dazzling them by his erudite allusions and apt quotations.
ref: 1913, Edith Wharton, “Chapter 43”, in The Custom of the Country:
text: THE CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF WORLD RAILWAY LOCOMOTIVES. Edited by P. Ransome-Wallis. Hutchinson. 50s. [...] The most erudite locomotive engineer could not fail to excavate new knowledge from this remarkably comprehensive volume, [...]
ref: 1960 January, “New reading on railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 26:
text: Perhaps his erudite mind does not quite yet grasp how to transform his beloved scholarly explorations into effective papal politics.
ref: 2006 September 17, Jeff Israely, “Preaching Controversy”, in Time, archived from the original on 19 Sep 2010:
text: Cruz was obviously analogizing Bernie Sanders to the Bolsheviks and Hillary Clinton to the Mensheviks. The oleaginous Texan is an erudite slyboots, but his history is off-kilter.
ref: 2015 November 1, Hendrik Hertzberg, “That G.O.P. Debate: Two Footnotes”, in The New Yorker:
synonyms: word: academical
word: clueful
word: cultivated
word: educated
word: erudite
word: in the know
word: knowledgeable
word: knowledgeful
word: knowsome
word: learned
word: savvy
word: scholarly
word: smart
word: sussed
word: switched on
word: up on
word: well-informed
glosses: Learned, scholarly, with emphasis on knowledge gained from books.
Derived terms: eruditely
eruditeness
inerudite
nonerudite
omnierudite
unerudite
Related terms: erudition
rude
erudite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛɹ.ʊ.daɪt/
ipa: /ˈɛɹ.(j)u.daɪt/
ipa: /ˈɛɹ.(j)ə.daɪt/
Forms: form: erudites
Etymology: From Latin ērudītus, participle of ērudiō (“educate, train”), from e- (“out of”) + rudis (“rude, unskilled”). Doublet of erudit.
Senses: glosses: a learned or scholarly person
mote
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /moʊt/
ipa: /məʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
homophone: moat
Forms: form: motes
Etymology: From Middle English mot, from Old English mot (“grain of sand; mote; atom”), from Proto-West Germanic *mot (“grain of dirt or sand, speck”). Perhaps linked to and English mud.
Compare West Frisian mot (“peat dust”), Dutch mot (“dust from turf; sawdust; grit”), Low German mut (“peat dust, grit”), Norwegian mutt (“speck; mote; splinter; chip”), Italian mota (“mud”), Spanish mota (“speck”).
Senses: examples: text: Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother’s eye.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 7:5:
text: What shall a Mote up to a Monarch rise?
An Emmet match an Emperor in might?
ref: a. 1729, Edward Taylor, Meditation. Joh. 14.2. I go to prepare a place for you:
text: I wanted to shrink myself to a mote of dust, plunge into this pool I held in my own cyclopean hands, soar down these runs of light to places where light itself was born from this colloquy of dust.
ref: 1979, J.G. Ballard, The Unlimited Dream Company, chapter 9:
qualifier: literary or puristic; otherwise archaic; literary or puristic; otherwise archaic
glosses: A small particle; a speck.
Synonyms: modicum
Derived terms: dustmote
moted
moteless
motelike
motey
Related terms: floater
mote
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /moʊt/
ipa: /məʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
homophone: moat
Forms: form: mote
form: must
form: must
Etymology: From Middle English moten, from Old English mōtan (“to be allowed, be able to, have the opportunity to, be compelled to, may, must”), from Proto-Germanic *mōtaną (“to be able to, have to, be delegated”), from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to acquire, possess, be in charge of”). Cognate with Dutch moeten (“to have to, must”), German müssen (“to have to, must”), Ancient Greek μέδω (médō, “to prevail, dominate, rule over”). Related to empty.
Senses: examples: text: he […] kept aloofe for dread to be descryde, / Untill fit time and place he mote espy, / Where he mote worke him scath and villeny.
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
glosses: May or might.
glosses: Must.
examples: text: ‘I shall not take Vengeance into my own Hands. The Goddess will do what She will.’ ‘So mote it be,’ said the Grandmaster.
ref: 1980, Erica Jong, Fanny:
glosses: Forming subjunctive expressions of wish: may.
Derived terms: so mote it be
mote
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /moʊt/
ipa: /məʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
homophone: moat
Forms: form: motes
Etymology: See moot (“a meeting”).
Senses: examples: text: a wardmote in the city of London
glosses: A meeting for discussion.
examples: text: a folk mote
glosses: A body of persons who meet for discussion, especially about the management of affairs.
glosses: A place of meeting for discussion.
Derived terms: burghmote
folk-mote
hallmote
mote bell
portmote
shiremote
shire-mote
swainmote
wardmote
woodmote
mote
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /moʊt/
ipa: /məʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
homophone: moat
Forms: form: motes
Etymology: Clipping of remote, with allusion to the other sense of mote (“a speck of dust”).
Senses: glosses: A tiny computer for remote sensing; a component element of smartdust.
moat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /məʊt/
ipa: /moʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
homophone: mote
Forms: form: moats
Etymology: From Middle English mote, from Old French mote (“mound, embankment”); compare also Old French motte (“hillock, lump, clod, turf”), from Medieval Latin mota (“a mound, hill”), of Germanic origin, perhaps via Frankish *mot, *motta (“mud, peat, bog, turf”), from Proto-Germanic *mutô, *mudraz, *muþraz (“dirt, filth, mud, swamp”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mut- (“dark, dirty”).
Cognate with Alemannic German Mott, Mutte (“peat, turf”), Bavarian Mott (“peat, turf”), dialectal Dutch mot (“dust, fine sand”), Saterland Frisian mut (“grit, litter, humus”), Swedish muta (“to drizzle”), Old English mot (“speck, particle”). More at mote, mud, smut.
As term for a business strategy, popularized by American investor Warren Buffett.
Senses: synonyms: fosse
glosses: A deep, wide defensive ditch, normally filled with water, surrounding a fortified habitation.
examples: text: No matter how good your company's product is or how quickly the industry is growing, if there is no moat, competitors will invade your castle and burn it down.
ref: 2013, John Mauldin, Jonathan Tepper, Code Red: How to Protect Your Savings From the Coming Crisis, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:
text: “I think ‘moats’ are lame,” Mr. Musk had said during a Tesla earnings call. It was a criticism of an economic principle that Mr. Buffett had coined in 1999 and that has become something of a mantra for his faithful: Invest in businesses “that have wide, sustainable moats around them.”
ref: 2018 May 7, Andrew Ross Sorkin, quoting Elon Musk, “Elon Musk Wants to Fill Warren Buffett’s ‘Moat’ With Candy, but It Still Holds Water”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Moreover, where older firms might have to stave off competitors and engage in practices like predatory pricing to keep the competition at bay, platform monopolies have a built-in moat. Since a platform’s value comes from its number of users—a phenomenon known as the network effect—competing against large platforms is nigh impossible since its monopoly position makes it inherently more useful.
ref: 2023 November 28, JS Tan, “It's All Bullshit”, in The Baffler:
topics: business
glosses: An aspect of a business which makes it more "defensible" from competitors, because of the nature of its products, services or franchise or for some other reason.
glosses: A circular lowland between a resurgent dome and the walls of the caldera surrounding it.
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A clear ring outside the eyewall of a tropical cyclone.
glosses: A hill or mound.
Derived terms: economic moat
Gaussian moat
moatlike
moaty
Related terms: motte
cunette
moat
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /məʊt/
ipa: /moʊt/
rhymes: -əʊt
homophone: mote
Forms: form: moats
form: moating
form: moated
form: moated
Etymology: From Middle English mote, from Old French mote (“mound, embankment”); compare also Old French motte (“hillock, lump, clod, turf”), from Medieval Latin mota (“a mound, hill”), of Germanic origin, perhaps via Frankish *mot, *motta (“mud, peat, bog, turf”), from Proto-Germanic *mutô, *mudraz, *muþraz (“dirt, filth, mud, swamp”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mut- (“dark, dirty”).
Cognate with Alemannic German Mott, Mutte (“peat, turf”), Bavarian Mott (“peat, turf”), dialectal Dutch mot (“dust, fine sand”), Saterland Frisian mut (“grit, litter, humus”), Swedish muta (“to drizzle”), Old English mot (“speck, particle”). More at mote, mud, smut.
As term for a business strategy, popularized by American investor Warren Buffett.
Senses: glosses: To surround with a moat.
smite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: smīt
ipa: /smaɪt/
rhymes: -aɪt
Forms: form: smites
form: smight
Etymology: From Middle English smiten, from Old English smītan (“to daub, smear, smudge; soil, defile, pollute”), from Proto-West Germanic *smītan, from Proto-Germanic *smītaną (“to sling; throw; smear”), from Proto-Indo-European *smeyd- (“to smear, whisk, strike, rub”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian smiete (“to throw, toss”), West Frisian smite (“to throw”), Dutch smijten (“to fling, hurl, throw”), German Low German smieten (“to throw, chuck, toss”), German schmeißen (“to fling, throw”), Danish smide (“to throw”), Swedish smita (“to run off (to)”), Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌼𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (bismeitan, “to besmear, anoint”).
Senses: examples: text: On the other hand , your soft-headed, softhearted sentimentalist, whose heart is in his waistcoat pocket, always at hand for use, he who picks out the pretty parts of modern novels, and the tender parts of affecting tales, never hears of two young people meeting one another, but he begins to think that a smite must follow.
ref: 1844, The Mysterious Man. A Novel. By the Author of Ben Bradshawe; the Man Without a Head [i.e. Frederick Chamier, T. C. Newby, page 192:
text: ‘That is just what I was about to venture to propose,’returned the doctor with a smite. But the words were hardly uttered, before the smile was struck out of his face and succeeded by an expression of such abject terror and despair, as froze the very blood of the two gentlemen below.
ref: 1886, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll, Doubleday, →ISBN, page 45:
text: Beale, who had not been driving very well, took a smite at his ball and sent it curving far away to the left into a mess of gorse of bramble bushes.
ref: 2007, Rupert Penny, Policeman's Holiday, Ramble House, →ISBN, page 82:
glosses: A heavy strike with a weapon, tool, or the hand.
prestige
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
ipa: /pɹɛsˈtiːʒ/
ipa: /pɹəsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
ipa: /pɹəsˈtiːʒ/
ipa: /ˈpɹɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/
rhymes: -iːʒ
rhymes: -iːdʒ
Forms: form: prestiges
form: præstige
Etymology: From French prestige (“illusion, fascination, enchantment, prestige”), from Latin praestīgium (“a delusion, an illusion”). Despite the phonetic similarities and the old meaning of “delusion, illusion, trick”, the word has a different root than prestidigitator (“conjurer”) and prestidigitation.
Senses: examples: text: Oxford has a university of very high prestige.
text: But in such an instance a false belief will appear with all the prestige of the latest scientific knowledge supporting it.
ref: 1949, F. A. Hayek, “The Intellectuals and Socialism”, in University of Chicago Law Review, volume 16, number 3, Chicago: University of Chicago, →DOI, page 425:
glosses: The quality of how good the reputation of something or someone is, how favourably something or someone is regarded.
examples: text: That faith which, we are told, was founded on a rock, impregnable to the assaults of men and demons; to the sophisms of infidelity, and the prestiges of imposture!
ref: 1811, William Warburton, edited by Richard Hurd, The works of the Right Reverend William Warburton, D.D., Lord Bishop of Gloucester, volume the ninth, London: Luke Hansard & Sons, →OCLC, page 121:
qualifier: often preceded by "the"
glosses: Delusion; illusion; trick.
Derived terms: covert prestige
overt prestige
prestigious
Related terms: prestigiousness
prestige
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
ipa: /pɹɛsˈtiːʒ/
ipa: /pɹəsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
ipa: /pɹəsˈtiːʒ/
ipa: /ˈpɹɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/
rhymes: -iːʒ
rhymes: -iːdʒ
Forms: form: præstige
Etymology: From French prestige (“illusion, fascination, enchantment, prestige”), from Latin praestīgium (“a delusion, an illusion”). Despite the phonetic similarities and the old meaning of “delusion, illusion, trick”, the word has a different root than prestidigitator (“conjurer”) and prestidigitation.
Senses: examples: text: Furthermore there is in each area a well recognized standard, known by a single name, which although often linguistically distinct from local dialects, has served as the prestige form for some time.
ref: 1971, John Gumperz, “Formal and informal standards in Hindi regional language area”, in Language in Social Groups, Stanford: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 48:
text: The 3rd person plural -ą ending is phonetically [ow̃] or [om], depending on the dialect. However, [ow̃] is the prestige form.
ref: 1981, Jerzy Rubach, Cyclic Phonology and Palatalization in Polish and English, Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, →OCLC, page 57:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
social-science
sociolinguistics
sociology
glosses: Regarded as relatively prestigious; often, considered the standard language or language variety, or a part of such a variety.
raw_tags: of a linguistic form
prestige
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
ipa: /pɹɛsˈtiːʒ/
ipa: /pɹəsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
ipa: /pɹəsˈtiːʒ/
ipa: /ˈpɹɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/
rhymes: -iːʒ
rhymes: -iːdʒ
Forms: form: prestiges
form: prestiging
form: prestiged
form: prestiged
form: præstige
Etymology: From French prestige (“illusion, fascination, enchantment, prestige”), from Latin praestīgium (“a delusion, an illusion”). Despite the phonetic similarities and the old meaning of “delusion, illusion, trick”, the word has a different root than prestidigitator (“conjurer”) and prestidigitation.
Senses: examples: text: This seriously depends on the prerequisites, but most chars will already have a +1 bow by the time they're thinking of prestiging - or will this stack with the equipment's magic?
ref: 2002 July 15, Mark Green, “help in creating prestige class: Sharpshooter”, in rec.games.frp.dnd (Usenet):
text: I'm going to try to stop and move onto a different game once I've prestiged, but the credits/equipment buying arrangement will make prestiging much less of a crippling shock than in previous games, so I may well be stuck playing it for a long time to come.
ref: 2010 December 3, Chris Stevens, “PWG 20101203 - The deja double”, in uk.games.video.misc (Usenet):
text: However, Treyarch crafts a narrative of leveling up when a player attempts to prestige. The player is stripped of most un-lockable game features and must re-earn them with the ability to repeat this process 15 times. Prestiging allows the empty narrative of online multiplayer first person shooters to continue on a much grander scale.
ref: 2013, Brent Kice, “Perceptions of Control: Open World Formats v. Online Multiplayer First Person Shooters”, in Matthew Wysocki, editor, Ctrl-Alt-Play: Essays on Control in Video Gaming, McFarland & Company, page 154:
text: Reached level 50 and prestiged which I have never had the inclination to do in any game before.
ref: 2014 April 1, Man of Kent, “Monday, innit”, in uk.games.video.misc (Usenet):
text: Prestiging itself is a concept popularized by Call of Duty: Modern Warfare, where players can reset their in-game progress after reaching the maximum experience level, and receive a cosmetic token in exchange.
ref: 2018, Adam Kramarzewski, Ennio De Nucci, Practical Game Design, Packt, page 420:
topics: video-games
glosses: To start over at an earlier point in a video game with some type of bonus or reward.
Related terms: new game plus
adversary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈæd.və.sɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈæd.və.s(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /ædˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/
ipa: /ədˈvɜː.sə.ɹi/
ipa: /ˈæd.vəɹˌsɛɹi/
Forms: form: adversaries
Etymology: From Middle English adversarie, from Anglo-Norman aversaire (in Wace's Life of Saint Margaret) and Old French aversier, aversaire (French adversaire), from Latin adversārius, from adversus (“turned toward”).
Senses: examples: text: He prepared to fight his adversary.
text: In the political drama that Donald Trump has created in Washington, he could not have dreamed up a more formidable adversary than James Comey.
ref: 2017 June 8, Maeve Reston, “Trump meets the ultimate adversary in James Comey”, in CNN:
text: The real bombshell it contains is not the confidence of the spy agencies that Russia hoped to subvert American democracy. It is that US intelligence experts effectively confirmed that for the second election in a row, Trump acolytes repeatedly used, knowingly or otherwise, misinformation produced by the spies of one of America’s most sworn foreign adversaries to try to win a US election.
ref: 2021 March 17, Stephen Collinson, “New US intel report shows Russia, Trump and GOP acolytes have same goals”, in CNN:
glosses: An opponent or rival.
wikipedia: Wace
Synonyms: villain
antagonist
Derived terms: adversarial
adversariness
Related terms: adverse
adversarially
brine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: brīn
ipa: /bɹaɪn/
rhymes: -aɪn
Forms: form: brines
Etymology: From Middle English brine, bryne, from Old English brīne, from Proto-West Germanic *brīnā, from Proto-Germanic *brīnǭ (“salt water, brine”) (compare Scots brime, West Frisian brein, Dutch brijn (“brine”), West Flemish brijne), of unknown ultimate origin, but probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to cut, maim”).
Cognates include Old Irish ro·bria (“may hurt, damage”), Latin friāre (“to rub, crumble”), Slovene bríti (“to shave, shear”), Albanian brej (“to gnaw”), Sanskrit बृणाति (bṛṇā́ti, “they injure, hurt”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *mriHnós, from *móri (compare Latin marīnus).
Senses: examples: text: Do you want a can of tuna in oil or in brine?
text: Philander went into the next room[…]and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm. Then he put the coffee pot on the stove and rummaged out a loaf of dry bread and some hardtack.
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
glosses: Salt water; water saturated or strongly impregnated with salt; a salt-and-water solution for pickling.
examples: text: Ariell: Not a ſoule
 But felt a Feauer of the madde, and plaid
 Some tricks of deſperation ; all but Mariners
 Plung'd in the foaming bryne, and quit the veſſell ;
 Then all a fire with me the Kings ſonne Ferdinand
 With haire vp-ſtaring (then like reeds, not haire)
 Was the firſt man that leapt ; cride hell is empty,
 And all the Diuels are heere.
ref: 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 3:
text: "Ho, aboard the Salt Junk Sarah,
Rollin" home across the line,
The Bo'sun collared the Captain's hat
And threw it in the brine.
ref: 1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 52:
glosses: The sea or ocean; the water of the sea.
Derived terms: brine fly
brine lake
brineless
brine pool
brine shrimp
brinicle
brinish
briny
leach brine
brine
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: brīn
ipa: /bɹaɪn/
rhymes: -aɪn
Forms: form: brines
form: brining
form: brined
form: brined
Etymology: From Middle English brine, bryne, from Old English brīne, from Proto-West Germanic *brīnā, from Proto-Germanic *brīnǭ (“salt water, brine”) (compare Scots brime, West Frisian brein, Dutch brijn (“brine”), West Flemish brijne), of unknown ultimate origin, but probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreyH- (“to cut, maim”).
Cognates include Old Irish ro·bria (“may hurt, damage”), Latin friāre (“to rub, crumble”), Slovene bríti (“to shave, shear”), Albanian brej (“to gnaw”), Sanskrit बृणाति (bṛṇā́ti, “they injure, hurt”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *mriHnós, from *móri (compare Latin marīnus).
Senses: glosses: To preserve food in a salt solution.
glosses: To prepare and flavor food (especially meat) for cooking by soaking in a salt solution.
Derived terms: debrine
embrine
briner
Related terms: bittern