cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
angiotropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more angiotropic
form: most angiotropic
Etymology: From angio- + -tropic.
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of angiotrophic.
examples: text: Because of its predilection for spread along vessel walls, mucor is sometimes called “angiotropic” Intracranial extension may occur due to this angiotropic spread or due to distal mycotic emboli or contiguous meningeal inflammation.[ 4 ] Thorough search of the literature revealed very few cases of diffusion-weighted MRI demonstration of optic ischemic neuropathy.[ 5 ] Out of these, MRI demonstrated ischemic optic nerve involvement due rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in only three case reports.[ 6 7 8 ] MRI findings confirming the infarction of the optic nerve are high signal intensity along the optic nerves on diffusion-weighted imaging, with corresponding low signal on apparent diffusion coefficient map with normal fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and gadolinium-enhanced images.[ 6 7 ] These imaging findings and ensuing blindness may result from the invasion of the blood vessel walls by the organisms leading to occlusion or thrombosis of the central retinal artery or ophthalmic artery or direct optic nerve infiltration by mucormycosis.[ 6 9 ] Diffusion-weighted imaging is vital for early diagnosis of ischemic optic neuropathy and it shows the abnormality when other MR sequences are normal.[ 6 8 ] Various head and neck malignancies, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and lymphoma, are well known to spread in perineural fashion, the trigeminal nerve and its branches being the common site.[ 10 ] Perineural extension has been uncommonly reported in invasive mucormycosis.
ref: 2015, Mandeep Singh Ghuman et al., “Bilateral optic nerve infarction in rhino-cerebral mucormycosis: A rare magnetic resonance imaging finding”, in Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Having an affinity for, or moving towards blood vessels.
angiotrophic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From angio- + -trophic.
Senses: glosses: vasotrophic
vasotrophic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From vaso- + -trophic.
Senses: glosses: relating to the nutrition of blood vessels
biliopathy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: biliopathies
Etymology: From bilio- + -pathy.
Senses: examples: text: However, just when we started believing that medical management, pharmacological prophylaxis, and endoscopic procedures could reduce crowding in the pediatric surgical clinics, newer indications for surgical intervention, e.g. portal biliopathy, have emerged.
ref: 2015, Veereshwar Bhatnagar, “Surgical gastroenterology in children”, in Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, volume 20, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Any disease or abnormality of the bile duct
chitohexose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From chito- + hexose.
Senses: examples: text: The NAG in + NAG superimposes with the −2 position in the chitohexose in MltA.
ref: 2015 July 11, Doris H.X. Quay et al., “Structure of the stationary phase survival protein YuiC from B.subtilis”, in BMC Structural Biology, volume 15, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any hexose derived from chitin
choledochal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From choledoch- + -al.
Senses: examples: text: This issue has articles which deal with anorectal malformations, pouch colon (which is very much an Indian problem), duplications, Hirschsprung's disease, duodenal surgery, annular pancreas, biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, portal hypertension, and liver transplantation.
ref: 2015, Veereshwar Bhatnagar, “Surgical gastroenterology in children”, in Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, volume 20, →DOI:
glosses: Related to the common bile duct.
Derived terms: pericholedochal
clinoidal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The clinoidal meningiomas included were all Al-Mefty's type II.
ref: 2015 June 29, Carlos Eduardo da Silva, Paulo Eduardo Peixoto de Freitas, “Large and giant skull base meningiomas: The role of radical surgical removal”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: clinoid
cranioorbital
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔː(ɹ)bɪtəl
Etymology: From cranio- + orbital.
Senses: examples: text: COZ and cranioorbital approaches were utilized in all cases of SOM and included radical resections of the dura and bone involvement.
ref: 2015 June 29, Carlos Eduardo da Silva, Paulo Eduardo Peixoto de Freitas, “Large and giant skull base meningiomas: The role of radical surgical removal”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to the cranium and the orbit of the eye
craniorachischisis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: craniorachischises
Etymology: From cranio- + rachischisis.
Senses: examples: text: Craniorachischisis is a variant of rachischisis that occurs when the entire spinal cord and brain are exposed – simultaneous complete rachischisis and anencephaly.^([Wikipedia])
text: Craniorachischisis and anencephaly represent the most extensive of the neural tube defects. In craniorachischisis the neural tube from the midbrain down to the upper sacral region of the spinal cord remains open (Fig. 26.1), there being no fusion of the tube.
ref: 2007, Colin Smith, “26: Malformations of the Nervous System and Hydrocephalus”, in Jean W. Keeling, T. Yee Khong, editors, Fetal and Neonatal Pathology, 4th edition, Springer, page 704:
text: The neural tube closure occurs around day 28 after conception; its closure failure may result in a defect that can range from anencephaly, incompatible with life, to small meningoceles.[1] The definition of neural tube defects (NTD) include anencephaly, craniorachischisis, iniencephaly, meningocele, meningomyelocele, and encephalocele, but not isolated findings of hydrocephalus or spina bifida oc[c]ulta.[1] Iniencephaly, from the ancient Greek "inion" meaning "nape of the neck", had its first report by Saint-Hilaire in 1836,[2] is characterized by a variable defect of the occipital bone, resulting in a large foramen magnum; partial or total absence of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae with irregular melting of those present, accompanied by incomplete closure of arcs and/or vertebral bodies, marked lordosis, hyperextension of the cervicothoracic spine; and a face deflected up.[3] The incidence is about 1:1000–1:2000 births,[4] then is a pretty rare NTD.
ref: 2015, Hernando R. Alvis-Miranda et al., “Iniencephaly: Case Report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
text: Craniorachischisis is readily diagnosed using ultrasound. However, it can be confused with other defects involving the brain – anencephaly, acrania or amniotic band syndrome.
ref: 2020, Birth Defects Surveillance: A manual for programme managers, 2nd edition, World Health Organization, page 40:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A lethal defect of the neural tube in which both the brain and spinal cord are left open.
Related terms: cranioschisis
rachischisis
dolichoectasia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dolichoectasias
Etymology: From dolicho- + ectasia.
Senses: examples: text: Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia should be considered as a differential in cases of trigeminal nerve hypoplasia and also in cases of obstructive hydrocephalus not explained by other causes.
ref: 2015, Abhishek Jha et al., “Trigeminal hypoplasia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A new entity”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: elongation and distension of an artery
Related terms: dolichoectatic
dolichoectasias
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In few reported cases of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasias complicated by trigeminal neuralgia, hypoplasia of the trigeminal nerve has never been reported, rather the condition was associated with compression of the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve.
ref: 2015, Abhishek Jha et al., “Trigeminal hypoplasia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A new entity”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
glosses: plural of dolichoectasia
dolichoectatic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From dolicho- + ectatic.
Senses: examples: text: Also note that the meckel's cave and the porus trigeminus are empty (white arrow) (a and b) Time of flight magnetic resonance angiography showing dolichoectatic left vertebral artery.
ref: 2015, Abhishek Jha et al., “Trigeminal hypoplasia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A new entity”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to dolichoectasia
duodenotomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: duodenotomies
Etymology: From duodeno- + -tomy.
Senses: examples: text: The association of duodenal atresia with malrotation is well documented in the literature.[ 7 ] In type 1 atresias (duodenal web), either duodenotomy with excision of the web or duodenoduodenostomy may be done.
ref: 2015, VVS Chandrasekharam, “Laparoscopic duodenoduodenostomy in neonates: Report of two cases and review of the literature”, in Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, volume 20, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: incision of the duodenum
extracavernous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ævə(ɹ)nəs
Etymology: From extra- + cavernous.
Senses: examples: text: A hard tumor, with encasement of the internal carotid artery (ICA), received a debulking and partial removal, in the extracavernous portion (Simpson Grade IV).
ref: 2015 June 29, Carlos Eduardo da Silva, Paulo Eduardo Peixoto de Freitas, “Large and giant skull base meningiomas: The role of radical surgical removal”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Outside the corpus cavernosum
Related terms: intracavernous
extralobular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From extra- + lobular.
Senses: examples: text: These vessels extend into the capsule and extralobular region and connect to efferent lymphatic vessels (ELVs) [ 21, 22, 31 ].
ref: 2015 July 12, John C. Chapman, Fae M. Chapman, Sandra D. Michael, “The production of alpha/beta and gamma/delta double negative (DN) T-cells and their role in the maintenance of pregnancy”, in Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E, volume 13, →DOI:
glosses: Outside a lobule
hepaticojejunostomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hepaticojejunostomies
Etymology: From hepatico- + jejunostomy.
Senses: examples: text: In various published reports of symptomatic PHT with CDC, PHT actually resolved after excision of cyst and hepaticojejunostomy and the children were asymptomatic during subsequent follow-up.[ 1 2 ] In this cohort of patients, although all patients remained asymptomatic after successful surgery of the CDC cyst, the range of NO levels at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months follow-up helped to identify the patients with persistently elevated NO levels thereby indicating persistently elevated PP.
ref: 2015, Karunesh Chand et al., “The incidence of portal hypertension in children with choledochal cyst and the correlation of nitric oxide levels in the peripheral blood with portal pressure and liver histology”, in Journal of Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, volume 20, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: anastomosis of the liver to the jejunum
heredodegenerative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From heredo- + degenerative.
Senses: examples: text: In one of the largest series of lingual dystonia cases, Esper et al. reported that 41% of cases were secondary to medications, 18% heredodegenerative and post encephalitic, 12% generalized dystonia and 29% focal primary lingual dystonia. Similarly, tremor of the tongue can be caused by parkinsonism, alcoholism and thyrotoxicosis.
ref: 2015, Neera Choudhary et al., “Isolated lingual involvement in Wilson's disease”, in Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, volume 6, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Both hereditary and degenerative.
hexachitose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hexa- + chitin + -ose.
Senses: examples: text: The sidechains of the three conserved aspartates giving rise to the 3D domain name are also shown. e The potential clash of the ends of a hexachitose in the YuiC structure showing the +2 NAG of MltA (2pi8) clashing with chain B domain swapping helix ( dark crimson helix and transparent grey surface) and the −4 NAG clashing with a symmetry related copy of YuiC in the lattice ( dark green and transparent grey surface).
ref: 2015 July 11, Doris H.X. Quay et al., “Structure of the stationary phase survival protein YuiC from B.subtilis”, in BMC Structural Biology, volume 15, →DOI:
glosses: A hexameric oligosaccharide derived from chitin
hydrologistor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hydrologistors
Senses: examples: text: The hydrologistor has a section for command. A hydroststic pressure applied on that surface change the position of the valve and sense of the hydraulic flow through the main cylinder of the multiplier.
ref: 2009, Mircea Frunzǎ, “Self Oscillatory High Pressure (70 MPA) Multipliers, With Logic Hydraulic Elements, For Hydro-Formation Liquids, Experimental Results”, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Manufacturing Systems, volume 4, →ISSN:
glosses: A hydraulic element that functions as a resistor
hydrologistors
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In [ 3 ], the author performed an impressive volume of theoretical and experimental studies concerning the hydrologistors as new hydraulic systems and elements.
ref: 2015 June 17, C. Velescu, N. C. Popa, “Turbulent Motion of Liquids in Hydraulic Resistances with a Linear Cylindrical Slide-Valve”, in The Scientific World Journal, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: plural of hydrologistor
hyperadduction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyperadductions
Etymology: From hyper- + adduction.
Senses: examples: text: It is possible to block the recurrent laryngeal nerve with local anesthetic which is used as a treatment option in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia, which is a neurogenic condition characterized by continuous hyperadduction of vocal cords.
ref: 2015 June 17, M. Rafiq et al., “A Case of Transient Local Anesthetic Induced Bilateral Vocal Cord Palsy”, in Case Reports in Surgery, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Excessive adduction.
hypochondralgia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: pain in the hypochondrium
hysteroscopic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hystero- + -scopic.
Senses: examples: text: Of these, eight had a normal hysteroscopic appearance whereas three had an abnormal appearance (hyperplasia, etc.).
ref: 2015, Alka Jindal et al., “Endometrial evaluation by ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and histopathology in cases of breast carcinoma on Tamoxifen therapy”, in Journal of Mid-Life Health, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to hysteroscopy
Derived terms: posthysteroscopic
immunoselected
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From immuno- + selected.
Senses: examples: text: Many identified GAAs been used for DC vaccination—antigen isolated from immunoselected melanoma-2 (AIM-2) [ 46 ], the α -2 chain of the IL-13 receptor (IL-13R α 2 chain) [ 47 ], human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) [ 46 ], Ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) [ 48 ], gp100 [ 49 ], tenascin [ 50 ], survivin [ 51 ], melanoma antigen (MAGE)-1 [ 52 ], MAGE-3 [ 49 ], chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) [ 53 ], Wilms Tumor 1 Protein (WT-1) [ 54 ], SRY-related HMG-box gene (SOX)-11 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens [ 55 ].
ref: 2015 June 17, Liu Yang et al., “Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy Treatment for Glioblastoma Multiforme”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: immunology
medicine
sciences
glosses: selected by means of immunoselection
immunoselection
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immunoselections
Etymology: From immuno- + selection.
Senses: examples: text: They have beautifully demonstrated the existence of an 'immunoselection', i.e. the preferential survival of less antigenic cell types in the foreign environment.
ref: 1957, Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, number 11, page 313:
text: Thus, immunoselection of neoplastic leukocytes, both away from and back to the H-2-specific diploid genotype, can be experimentally controlled through the use of appropriate hosts.
ref: 1957, John W. Rebuck, The Leukemias: Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Treatment, page 108:
text: Immunoselection involves the use of an antibody or a collection of antibodies.
ref: 2003, Maurizio Federico, Lentivirus Gene Engineering Protocols, page 125:
topics: immunology
medicine
sciences
glosses: selection of cell lines according to their resistance to antibodies.
Related terms: immunoselective
interfacility
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + facility.
Senses: examples: text: The company currently operates two Agusta 109E rotor wing aircraft that offer primary coverage for over 33,000 square miles and 274 first response agencies and interfacility transport services for 38, mostly rural, hospitals.
ref: 2015 June 17, Bradley Boehringer et al., “Impact of Video Laryngoscopy on Advanced Airway Management by Critical Care Transport Paramedics and Nurses Using the CMAC Pocket Monitor”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Between facilities
intrapalpebral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From intra- + palpebral.
Senses: examples: text: The Diaton tonometer measures the intrapalpebral IOP by exerting pressure on the peripheral cornea, outside the ablation, and on the sclerocorneal limbus.
ref: 2015 June 8, Isabel Cacho et al., “Comparison of Intraocular Pressure before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Refractive Surgery Measured with Perkins Tonometry, Noncontact Tonometry, and Transpalpebral Tonometry”, in Journal of Ophthalmology, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Within an eyelid
doed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: Detective: "Now we'll se whodunnit!" {pulls screen aside, revealing a live action shot of a meek man.} Man: "I doed it!"
ref: 1943, Who Killed Who?:
glosses: simple past and past participle of do
lymphohematogenous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From lympho- + hematogenous.
Senses: examples: text: When these responses fail, lymphohematogenous dissemination may develop.[ 2 ] Unlike other opportunistic infections, the likelihood of infection with B. dermatitidis is equal among immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals.[ 2 ] However, infection does tend to be more aggressive in people with compromised cellular immunity.[ 2 ] Lymphatic and hematogenous spread may ensue to potentially any organ.[ 4 ] After lungs, other sites of disease involvement include skin, bone, genitourinary system, and the CNS, in order of decreasing frequency.[ 2 ] CNS involvement is seen in 5–10% of disseminated blastomycosis cases.[ 2 ] CNS blastomycosis without evidence of pulmonary or other organ system involvement, such as in the patient presented here, is a rare occurrence.
ref: 2015 May 29, Costas Stavrakis, Ananth Narayan, Olga Voronel, “Cerebral Blastomycosis: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation of Solitary CNS Blastomycosis Mass-Like Infection”, in Journal of Clinical Imaging Science, volume 5, →DOI:
glosses: Spread by lymph vessels and blood vessels
mammographer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mammographers
Senses: glosses: A person who operates a mammograph or interprets mammograms
mammographers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Indeed, the heterogeneity of mammograms due to the use of multiple mammographers, the inclusion of both digital and analog images and differences in methodology, such as the subjective visual assessment of breast density and the use of semiquantitative assessments, limit the comparability of our results with other studies.
ref: 2015 July 11, Teresa Ramón y Cajal et al., “Mammographic density and breast cancer in women from high risk families”, in Breast Cancer Research : BCR, volume 17, →DOI:
glosses: plural of mammographer
microperimetry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From micro- + perimetry.
Senses: examples: text: The limitations of our study are that we have used a flood illuminated AO camera and not an AO-SLO based microperimetry system [ 13 ] which would have better localizing.
ref: 2015 June 8, Dabir Supriya et al., “Structural and Function Correlation of Cone Packing Utilizing Adaptive Optics and Microperimetry”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: perimetry of a small area of the retina
Related terms: microperimeter
microperimetric
monoharmonic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From mono- + harmonic.
Senses: examples: text: In contrast to [ 48 ] where modes 2 and 3 were vibrating at the same time and the acceleration data is double-time integrated to estimate cable amplitudes whereby the noise in the in- and out-of-plane signals is suppressed, the acceleration data here is bandpass filtered by a Butterworth filter of order 6 with lower cut-off frequency at 6 Hz and upper cut-off frequency at 17 Hz in order to suppress measurement noise but not attenuate the predominant monoharmonic vibration signal at approximately 12 Hz.
ref: 2015 June 17, Felix Weber, Hans Distl, “Damping Estimation from Free Decay Responses of Cables with MR Dampers”, in The Scientific World Journal, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Having a single harmonic frequency
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: That produces only a single tone
myeloradiculopathy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: myeloradiculopathies
Etymology: From myelo- + radiculopathy.
Senses: examples: text: Neurological examination revealed upper thoracic myeloradiculopathy probably of neoplastic origin with sensory localization to D5 spinal level.
ref: 2015, Sudhansu Sekhar Mishra et al., “Isolated thoracic (D5) intramedullary epidermoid cyst without spinal dysraphism: A rare case report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: disease of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots
Related terms: myeloradicular
neovasculogenic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From neo- + vasculogenic.
Senses: examples: text: This cocktail of progenitor cells in the SVF, particularly the ASC and the EPC polulations, is well documented to have angiogenic and neovasculogenic properties [ 4 ] which are being exploited in several clinical trials to bring about therapeutic angiogenesis [ 1 ].
ref: 2015 June 8, Swathi SundarRaj et al., “Development of a System and Method for Automated Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction from Adipose Tissue Lipoaspirate”, in Stem Cells International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to neovasculogenesis
neuroophthalmological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From neuro- + ophthalmological.
Senses: examples: text: A visual field test through white-on-white automated perimetry is a widely used technique and is a useful tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of several ocular disorders, such as glaucoma and neuroophthalmological diseases [ 9, 10 ].
ref: 2015 June 8, Jose Javier Garcia-Medina et al., “Does Posterior Capsule Opacification Affect the Results of Diagnostic Technologies to Evaluate the Retina and the Optic Disc?”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Relating to the neuropathology of the eye
nononcologic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + oncologic.
Senses: examples: text: While some surgical procedures at our institution are virtually guaranteed to require frozen sections (such as margin assessments on a pancreatoduodenectomy), other procedures only variably generate a consultation (such as thyroidectomies for mass lesions), and some frozen sections are, of course, unpredictable (such as incidentally discovered lesions during routine, nononcologic surgeries).
ref: 2015 June 29, Raul S. Gonzalez, Daniel Long, Omar Hameed, “Development of a semi-automated method for subspecialty case distribution and prediction of intraoperative consultations in surgical pathology”, in Journal of Pathology Informatics, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Not oncologic
nontransplant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + transplant.
Senses: examples: text: Furthermore, regression of fibrosis might occur as has been observed in nontransplant patients.
ref: 2015 June 16, Yaqin Chen et al., “Interferon Treatment of Hepatitis C Reinfection after Liver Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis”, in Gastroenterology Research and Practice, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Not subject to a transplant
normohydrated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From normo- + hydrated.
Senses: examples: text: To this end, constant hydration ratios of the normohydrated LTM and ATM are assumed [ 17 ] and the model determines whether changes in ICF and ECF reflect increase or loss of ATM or LTM.
ref: 2015 June 17, Daniel Bia et al., “Hydration Status Is Associated with Aortic Stiffness, but Not with Peripheral Arterial Stiffness, in Chronically Hemodialysed Patients”, in International Journal of Nephrology, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Normally hydrated
occipitalgia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From occipit- (“of or relating to the occiput”) + -algia (“pain”).
Senses: examples: text: Two patients presented with occipitalgia, two patients presented with torticollis and three patients developed neurologic signs.
ref: 2015 June 18, Osamu Sasaki et al., “Tumoral calcinosis involving the cervical spine”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: pain in the occiput
overdistension
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: overdistensions
Etymology: From over- + distension.
Senses: examples: text: In theory, an ECF overload could be the origin of high levels of BP that increase arterial stiffness due to acute vascular passive overdistension (enlargement).
ref: 2015 June 17, Daniel Bia et al., “Hydration Status Is Associated with Aortic Stiffness, but Not with Peripheral Arterial Stiffness, in Chronically Hemodialysed Patients”, in International Journal of Nephrology, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Excessive distension
Aoyama
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Aoyamas
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 青山 (Aoyama).
Senses: glosses: A surname from Japanese.
glosses: The name of various places in Japan.
pansinusitis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pan- + sinusitis.
Senses: examples: text: Axial T2-weighted image (a) reveals pansinusitis, soft tissue consistent with cellulitis in the medial -orbits, with hypointense signal extending posteriorly to the orbital apices, and contiguous involvement of left medial temporal lobe.
ref: 2015, Mandeep Singh Ghuman et al., “Bilateral optic nerve infarction in rhino-cerebral mucormycosis: A rare magnetic resonance imaging finding”, in Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: sinusitis that affects all of the paranasal sinuses
Related terms: pansinusopathy
pauciparous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pauci- + -parous.
Senses: examples: text: But in our study, there were mainly young, active, and literate pauciparous women who participated in the screening program.
ref: 2015 June 18, Apollinaire G. Horo et al., “Cervical Cancer Screening Program by Visual Inspection: Acceptability and Feasibility in Health Insurance Companies”, in Obstetrics and Gynecology International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Having been pregnant a few (typically 3-4) times.
periarteritis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From peri- + arteritis.
Senses: examples: text: Further, we did not observe necrotic granuloma or vasculitis, thereby, differed from Wegener's granuloma and periarteritis nodosa.
ref: 2015 June 18, Hidenori Yokoi et al., “An Inflammatory Pseudotumor Arising from Pterygopalatine Fossa with Invasion to the Maxillary Sinus and Orbital Cavity”, in Case Reports in Otolaryngology, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: inflammation of the tissues surrounding an artery
unclamorous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unclamorous
form: most unclamorous
Etymology: From un- + clamorous.
Senses: glosses: Not clamorous.
baroclinically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From baroclinic + -ally.
Senses: glosses: In a baroclinic manner.
normalizability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From normalize + -ability.
Senses: examples: text: We find new restrictions on the Hilbert space of pure gravity by imposing invariance under large diffeomorphisms and normalizability of the wave function.
ref: 2015, Jihun Kim, Massimo Porrati, “On a Canonical Quantization of 3D Anti de Sitter Pure Gravity”, in arXiv:
glosses: The quality of being normalizable.
pseudofunctor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pseudofunctors
Etymology: From pseudo- + functor.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A mapping between categories that is just like a functor except that f(x∘y)=f(x)∘f(y) and f(1)=1 do not hold as exact equalities but only up to coherent isomorphisms.
pseudofunctors
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pseudofunctor
quandles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of quandle
quandle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: quandles
Etymology: Coined by David Joyce in his 1982 paper A classifying invariant of knots: the knot quandle.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A rack, scriptstyle Q,, such that scriptstyle ∀a;∈;Q a triangleright a=a or equivalently a triangleleft a=a.
extraforaminal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From extra- + foraminal.
Senses: glosses: Outside the foramen.
cellularisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From cellular + -isation.
Senses: examples: text: The main expression peak for scrb-PB is from 2–8 hours covering developmental events such as cellularisation and gastrulation, where adherens junction and zonula adherens assembly is known to be important.
ref: 2015 August 16, Jonathan G. Lees, Juan A. Ranea, Christine A. Orengo, “Identifying and characterising key alternative splicing events in Drosophila development”, in BMC Genomics, volume 16, →DOI:
glosses: Alternative form of cellularization.
squalomorph
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: squalomorphs
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Any member of the Squalomorphii, a superorder of cartilaginous fishes.
squalomorphs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of squalomorph
euselachian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: euselachians
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Any member of the infraclass Euselachii.
euselachians
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of euselachian
tafsirs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tafsir
cephalopelvic disproportion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The situation where the capacity of the pelvis is inadequate to allow the fetus to navigate the birth canal.
Katō
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.
reacetylate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: reacetylates
form: reacetylating
form: reacetylated
form: reacetylated
Etymology: From re- + acetylate.
Senses: glosses: To acetylate again.
reacetylated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of reacetylate
reacetylates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of reacetylate
reacetylating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of reacetylate
palaeocontinent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: palaeocontinents
Etymology: From palaeo- + continent.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of paleocontinent.
Related terms: palaeocontinental
palaeocontinents
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of palaeocontinent
nonsphingolipid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + sphingolipid.
Senses: glosses: Not sphingolipid.
nonbuffered
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + buffered.
Senses: glosses: Not buffered.
nonbleeding
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + bleeding.
Senses: glosses: Not bleeding.
masitinib
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A tyrosine-kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of mast cell tumors in animals.
Hamletic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /hæmˈlɛtɪk/
rhymes: -ɛtɪk
Forms: form: more Hamletic
form: most Hamletic
form: amletic
Etymology: From the name of Hamlet, William Shakespeare character, + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: The conventional Hamletic interpretation of Stephen's thought establishes Haines as the British master, Buck as his gay attendant, and Stephen as the jester, the docile subject to the whims of both.
ref: 1999, Gian Balsamo, Pruning the Genealogical Tree: Procreation and Lineage, in Literature, Law […] :
text: 2008 (published), Robert B. Heilman, The Ghost on the Ramparts and Other Essays in the Humanities
Invariably anything Hamletic intimates a large world and major problems, and who could question the rightness of this suggestion for the humanities, in academe or outside?
glosses: Undecided; hesitating; uncertain; vacillating.
wikipedia: Hamlet
Related terms: Hamlet
Hamletian
Hamletism
altar bells
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of altar bell
saints' bells
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of saints' bell
sacring bells
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sacring bell
Mass bells
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Mass bell
sanctus bells
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sanctus bell
polyfocal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From poly- + focal.
Senses: examples: text: Myopathic features with polyfocal regeneration and occasional necrosis-no inflammation and absence of rimmed vacuoles were observed in some fibres.[ 9 10 ] There are other distal myopathies that look like Miyoshi myopathy.
ref: 2015, M. Mundayadan Shyma et al., “Calf heads on a trophy sign: Miyoshi myopathy”, in Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Having multiple foci
Related terms: oligofocal
posterosuperior
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɪəɹiə(ɹ)
Etymology: From postero- + superior.
Senses: examples: text: The tumor was resected completely, along with the posterosuperior segment of the right hepatic lobe, the right adrenal gland, and a portion of the IVC using partial clamping of the IVC ( Figure 4(a) ).
ref: 2015 June 18, Hirofumi Sonoda et al., “Complete Surgical Resection of a Leiomyosarcoma Arising from the Inferior Vena Cava”, in Case Reports in Medicine, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Behind and above.
postinduction
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From post- + induction.
Senses: examples: text: However, we were unable to measure changes of in vivo implant stiffness between pre- and postinduction.
ref: 2015 June 8, Christian W. Müller et al., “A Novel Shape Memory Plate Osteosynthesis for Noninvasive Modulation of Fixation Stiffness in a Rabbit Tibia Osteotomy Model”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Following induction
postneurulation
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From post- + neurulation.
Senses: examples: text: Some authors consider that NTD as encephaloceles, meningoceles and iniencephaly most likely not arise directly from a failure in neural tube formation, but more probably from a postneurulation disorder; which is a consistent fact with findings from other causes, for example, encephalocele when these are part of Meckel syndrome.[ 5 ] Iniencephaly is not considered to be an open defect because usually the sac containing CSF contains neural tissue and is covered by an intact dermis.[ 10 ] Lewis[ 11 ] classifies iniencephaly in “iniencephalus apertus” when associated with encephalocele, and “anencephalus clausus”, which is not associated encephalocele.
ref: 2015, Hernando R. Alvis-Miranda et al., “Iniencephaly: Case Report”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
glosses: Following neurulation
postpericardiocentesis
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From post- + pericardiocentesis.
Senses: examples: text: The atrial waveforms postpericardiocentesis demonstrated effusive–constrictive pericarditis.
ref: 2013 July 12, Stalin R Subramanian et al., “New development of cardiac tamponade on underlying effusive–constrictive pericarditis: an uncommon initial presentation of scleroderma”, in BMJ Case Reports, volume 2013, →DOI:
glosses: Following pericardiocentesis
precapsulotomy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + capsulotomy.
Senses: examples: text: They also compared the thickness in each group independently and observed that the lower the SS value, the greater the precapsulotomy RNFL average underestimation and the more significant the results.
ref: 2015 June 8, Jose Javier Garcia-Medina et al., “Does Posterior Capsule Opacification Affect the Results of Diagnostic Technologies to Evaluate the Retina and the Optic Disc?”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
antonyms: postcapsulotomy
glosses: Prior to capsulotomy.
preconnected
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of preconnect
prepontine
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + pontine.
Senses: examples: text: Being congenital in nature, the pathology was deduced to be nerve hypoplasia rather than nerve atrophy. (a) Sagittal and (b) Coronal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showing ectatic aberrant left vertebral artery in the prepontine cistern (a) Axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging image showing anomalous course of the left vertebral artery, with compression and flattening of the left inferior olivary nucleus (black arrow).
ref: 2015, Abhishek Jha et al., “Trigeminal hypoplasia due to vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia: A new entity”, in Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences, volume 10, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: anterior to the pons
pseudoprogression
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pseudo- + progression.
Senses: examples: text: Dynamic MRI provides an additional diagnostic tool outside of open biopsy in delineating between pseudoprogression and tumor progression.
ref: 2015 June 17, Johnathan H. Sherman et al., “Neurosurgery Concepts: Key perspectives on C2 nerve root transection following C1 lateral mass screw fixation, choroid plexus cauterization in infants with hydrocephalus, quality of life following treatment of vestibular schwannoma, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging for glioblastoma pseudoprogression, cost-utility analysis of lumbar spinal stenosis treatment”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Apparent progression following treatment
reticulosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: reticuloses
Senses: examples: text: In the case of nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, which frequently occurs in the nasal sinuses, prominent polymorphous proliferation of lymphocytes is present, and that is evident by its former name, polymorphic reticulosis.
ref: 2015 June 18, Hidenori Yokoi et al., “An Inflammatory Pseudotumor Arising from Pterygopalatine Fossa with Invasion to the Maxillary Sinus and Orbital Cavity”, in Case Reports in Otolaryngology, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: An abnormal increase in reticuloendothelial and related cells
Derived terms: lipomelanic reticulosis
lymphoreticulosis
retrohepatic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From retro- + hepatic.
Senses: examples: text: The location of the tumor at the interrenal and retrohepatic IVC allowed the tumor to be completely resected en bloc.
ref: 2015 June 18, Hirofumi Sonoda et al., “Complete Surgical Resection of a Leiomyosarcoma Arising from the Inferior Vena Cava”, in Case Reports in Medicine, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Behind the liver
scaphotrapezial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From scapho- + trapezial.
Senses: examples: text: The radiographs also confirmed osteoarthritic changes in the right hand with severe joint space narrowing at the scaphotrapezial and first CMC joint, along with minor joint space narrowing in the second and third MCP joints.
ref: 2015 June 18, Desirae McKee, Shannon Eliasson, John Griswold, “Congenital Ulnar Drift in a Surgeon”, in Case Reports in Orthopedics, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Related to the scaphoid bone and the trapezium bone
sclerocorneal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From sclero- + corneal.
Senses: examples: text: The Diaton tonometer measures the intrapalpebral IOP by exerting pressure on the peripheral cornea, outside the ablation, and on the sclerocorneal limbus.
ref: 2015 June 8, Isabel Cacho et al., “Comparison of Intraocular Pressure before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Refractive Surgery Measured with Perkins Tonometry, Noncontact Tonometry, and Transpalpebral Tonometry”, in Journal of Ophthalmology, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Related to the sclera and the cornea
semiactively
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From semiactive + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The need to generate cable damping by transverse dampers which is independent of the actually vibrating mode, that is, the actual frequency of vibration, and is independent of the actual cable displacement amplitude triggered the development of controlled stay cable damping systems of which most are based on semiactively controlled magnetorheological (MR) dampers due to their suitable force range and fail-safe behaviour.
ref: 2015 June 17, Felix Weber, Hans Distl, “Damping Estimation from Free Decay Responses of Cables with MR Dampers”, in The Scientific World Journal, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: In a semiactive manner
sinonasal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -eɪzəl
Etymology: From sino- + nasal.
Senses: examples: text: The lymphocytic infiltration did not reveal nodularity or lymphoepithelial lesions of the sinonasal gland ( Figure 2(a) ).
ref: 2015 June 18, Hidenori Yokoi et al., “An Inflammatory Pseudotumor Arising from Pterygopalatine Fossa with Invasion to the Maxillary Sinus and Orbital Cavity”, in Case Reports in Otolaryngology, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to the sinuses and the nose (or nasal cavity)
Related terms: rhinosinusitis
sphenoorbital
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔː(ɹ)bɪtəl
Etymology: From spheno- + orbital.
Senses: examples: text: L (left): Preoperative images, R (right): Postoperative images Illustrative cases – Upper: Computed tomography (CT) scan sphenoorbital meningioma, Middle: CT scan petroclival meningioma, Lower: Magnetic resonance imaging olfactory groove meningioma.
ref: 2015 June 29, Carlos Eduardo da Silva, Paulo Eduardo Peixoto de Freitas, “Large and giant skull base meningiomas: The role of radical surgical removal”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to the sphenoid bone and the orbit (of the eye)
sulphafurazole
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The strains exhibited susceptibility against commonly used antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, streptomycin, colistin methanesulphonate, dicloxacillin, ampicillin, amikacin, cefoxitin, cefalexin, cefuroxime, and cotrimoxazole and it had resistance to sulphafurazole, gentamicin ( Table 2 ).
ref: 2015 June 17, Soundharrajan Ilavenil et al., “Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus Strains with Antifungal Activity Isolated from Animal Manure”, in The Scientific World Journal, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A sulfonamide used to treat infections of the urinary tract
supraphysiologic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From supra- + physiologic.
Senses: examples: text: Animal models used supraphysiologic doses than that in human.
ref: 2015 July 11, Yulei Dong et al., “Systemic application of teriparatide for steroid induced osteonecrosis in a rat model”, in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, volume 16, →DOI:
glosses: supraphysiological
tapetoretinal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɛtɪnəl
Etymology: From tapeto- + retinal.
Senses: examples: text: In a handful of patients (5 out of 255) abnormal results were obtained and explained by coexisting diffuse or central tapetoretinal degeneration.
ref: 2015 June 8, R. L. Brautaset et al., “Comparison of Macular Thickness in Patients with Keratoconus and Control Subjects Using the Cirrus HD-OCT”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to the tapetum and the retina
transoperative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + operative.
Senses: examples: text: Despite this, there are numerous series that have considered the application of modern skull base techniques, fluorescent markers, transoperative imaging, and neuronavigational systems that have reported high rates of complete removal of skull base meningiomas and low morbidity rates.[ 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 ] The correct application of the Simpson concept to skull base meningiomas is relevant.
ref: 2015 June 29, Carlos Eduardo da Silva, Paulo Eduardo Peixoto de Freitas, “Large and giant skull base meningiomas: The role of radical surgical removal”, in Surgical Neurology International, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Throughout operations
transpalpebral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + palpebral.
Senses: examples: text: In conclusion, the transpalpebral tonometer may be useful to control the IOP after LASIK surgery as it does not depend on the ablation and thinning of the central cornea after myopic refractive surgery.
ref: 2015 June 8, Isabel Cacho et al., “Comparison of Intraocular Pressure before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Refractive Surgery Measured with Perkins Tonometry, Noncontact Tonometry, and Transpalpebral Tonometry”, in Journal of Ophthalmology, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Through the eyebrow
underilluminated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more underilluminated
form: most underilluminated
Etymology: From under- + illuminated.
Senses: examples: text: PCO translucent opacities apparently induce erratic light-scatter within the eye, which results in a combination of underilluminated retinal areas and in an increased PSD.
ref: 2015 June 8, Jose Javier Garcia-Medina et al., “Does Posterior Capsule Opacification Affect the Results of Diagnostic Technologies to Evaluate the Retina and the Optic Disc?”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Insufficiently illuminated
uroradiology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From uro- + radiology.
Senses: examples: text: I have no hesitation to say that uroradiology is currently at its prime, well-poised to take another big leap in the future.
ref: 2015, Sanjay Sharma, “Newer imaging modalities in urology”, in Indian Journal of Urology : IJU : Journal of the Urological Society of India, volume 31, →DOI:
glosses: radiology of the urinary tract
Related terms: uroradiologist
ventriculoperitioneal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of ventriculoperitoneal.