corona
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈɹəʊ.nə/
enpr: kə-rō'nə
ipa: /kəˈɹoʊ.nə/
note: Indic
ipa: /kɵˈronɑ/
rhymes: -əʊnə
Forms: form: coronas
form: coronae
form: coronæ
Etymology: The noun is borrowed from Latin corōna (“crown; garland, wreath”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “type of crown; curved object (door handle, tip of a bow, stern of a ship, etc.)”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). The English word is a doublet of crown, korona, koruna, krona, króna, and krone.
The plural form coronae is borrowed from Latin corōnae.
The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: examples: text: The magnificent bronze corona, or luminaria, which still hangs in the central octagon, shews the skill of the workmen in bronze of that period.
ref: 1865 February, J[ohn] H[enry] Parker, “Aix-la-Chapelle: A Letter from J. H. Parker, Esq.”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine and Historical Review, volume XVIII (New Series; volume CCVIII overall), London: John Henry and James Parker, →OCLC, page 133:
synonyms: corona lucis
glosses: A large, round, pendent chandelier, with spikes around its upper rim to hold candles or lamps, usually hung from the roof of a church.
examples: text: Is it probable that this depression has arisen from the distorting effect of some form of head dress, similar perhaps to that which is still applied to the heads of infants in various parts of France, as described by Drs. Foville and Lunier? This consists of a neckerchief passed twice round the head from the corona either to the back of the neck, when the resulting deformity (which is that of the Charlcombe skull) is designated annular by Dr. Gosse; or is carried under the chin and jaw, when it is termed bilobed by the same writer.
ref: 1863 September, John Thurnam, “XXII.—On Synostosis of the Cranial Bones, Especially the Parietals, Regarded as a Race-character in One Class of Ancient British and in African Skulls”, in G[eorge] Busk et al., editors, The Natural History Review: A Quarterly Journal of Biological Science, number XVIII, London; Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, […], published April 1865, →OCLC, page 265:
text: The ophthalmic division supplies sensation from the eyebrows to the coronal suture. The sensory innervation stops at the corona, not at the hairline, and this fact may help one to differentiate a true abnormality from a factitious one, since people who are “faking” sensory loss more often lose sensation at the hairline.
ref: 2013, Eric S. Hsu, Charles Argoff, Katherine E. Galluzzi, Raphael J. Leo, Andrew Dubin, “Head Pain: Trigeminal Neuralgia”, in Problem-Based Pain Management, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, section 2 (Head Pain), page 27:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: An upper or crownlike portion of certain parts of the body.
A region of the skull located along the coronal suture, at the junction between the frontal bone and the two parietal bones.
examples: text: The solids are derived from the fluids. In the first rudiments of the gelatinous embryo, they gradually commence in their respective situations, and differ infinitely in their degrees of cohesion, from the soft and almost pulpy medullary matter of the brain, to the vitreous substance of the corona of the teeth.
ref: 1817, J. Fred. Blumenbach [i.e., Johann Friedrich Blumenbach], “Sect. III. Of the Solids in General, and of the Mucous Web in Particular.”, in John Elliotson, transl., The Institutions of Physiology […], 2nd edition, London: […] Bensley and Son, […], for E. Cox and Son, […], →OCLC, paragraph 17, page 12:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: An upper or crownlike portion of certain parts of the body.
The external (supragingival) portion of the tooth, covered by enamel; the crown.
examples: text: The first line of injection with a clean 1% solution of cocain, or 2% eucain is began, posterior to the ridge caused by the corona, on the dorsum.
ref: 1907, C. H. Shutt, “A New Simple Technique for Circumcision and Some Advantages Gained in Genito-urinary Work—a Practical Demonstration of the Technique”, in Tho[ma]s A. Hopkins, editor, The Medical Fortnightly, St. Louis, Mo.: Fortnightly Press Co., →OCLC, page 233, column 1:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: An upper or crownlike portion of certain parts of the body.
The circumference of the base of the glans penis in human males.
synonyms: corona glandis penis
corona glandis
examples: text: The cornice only is carried around the room at the ceiling, and in the staircase hall only the cymatium and corona of the cornice; but over the archway, supported by a colonnade of four fluted round columns, a complete entablature with nicely worked classic detail is employed and given added emphasis by several inches' projection into the reception hall.
ref: 1920, Frank Cousins, Phil M. Riley, The Colonial Architecture of Philadelphia, Boston: Little, Brown, and Company:
text: Though somewhat verbose, the author is specific in his instruction that the S-shaped crown molding, the cymarecta, caps the top of the pediment and is not returned on the horizontal corona.
ref: 2018, John Milnes Baker, “Georgian 1715–1780”, in American House Styles: A Concise Guide, The Countryman Press, W[illiam] W[arder] Norton & Company, →ISBN, page 39:
topics: architecture
synonyms: drip
larmier
glosses: The large, flat, projecting member of a cornice which crowns the entablature, situated above the bed moulding and below the cymatium.
examples: text: My investigations seem to prove conclusively that the theoretical corona is caused by light emitted and reflected from streams of matter ejected from the Sun by forces which, in general, act along lines normal to the surface. These forces are most active near the center of each Sun-spot zone.
ref: 1890 April 11, J[ohn] M[artin] Schaeberle, “A Mechanical Theory of the Solar Corona”, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, volume I, number 6, London: Royal Astronomical Society, […], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 372:
text: The corona is a high-temperature portion of the Sun's outer atmosphere, beginning slightly above the visible surface and extending hundreds of thousands of kilometers, or further, into interplanetary space.
ref: 2010, Leon Golub, Jay M[yron] Pasachoff, “Introduction”, in The Solar Corona, 2nd edition, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 1:
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: The luminous plasma atmosphere of the Sun (the solar corona) or other star, extending millions of kilometres into space, most easily seen during a total solar eclipse.
examples: text: The area density of impact craters on the surfaces of the coronas suggests that the episode of tidal heating occurred approximately one billion years ago[…].
ref: 2007, Gunter Faure, Teresa M. Mensing, “Uranus: What Happened Here?”, in Introduction to Planetary Science: The Geological Perspective, Dordrecht: Springer, →ISBN, page 379, column 1:
topics: astronomy
geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: An oval-shaped astrogeological feature, present on both the planet Venus and Uranus's moon Miranda, probably formed by upwellings of warm material below the surface.
examples: text: It looked like a miniaturized version of Hiroshima. Fires burned here and there. […] His once and future presidential palace was a crater ringed by a corona of flaming debris.
ref: 1980, Philip Caputo, Horn of Africa, 1st Vintage Contemporaries edition, New York, N.Y.: Vintage Books, published February 2002, →ISBN, page 446:
text: [Dale] Hawkins is a tall man, angular and knobby, with a rubbery, animated face and a corona of wavy gray hair, which he wears wet-combed back in a modified old-time pompadour.
ref: 2005 summer, Lauren Wilcox, “Dale Hawkins: That’s Guitar Playing”, in Oxford American: A Magazine of the South (Southern Music Issue; 7), number 50, Oxford, Miss.: Oxford American, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 Oct 2020, pages 16–20:
text: Vigil sat across from her, leaning against the wall of what looked like a cave, his corona glowing dimly.
ref: 2015, Rawles Marie Lumumba, chapter 4, in Duskfall (Nightshade; book 1), [s.l.]: Takaboo Books, →ISBN:
glosses: Any luminous or crownlike ring around an object or person.
examples: text: [page 317] The lower jaw conſiſts of one large bone, with fore and hinder part, and five proceſſes; viz. two Condyles[…], two proceſſes of the Corona[…], and one proceſs of the chin […] [page 318] [T]his Sinus deſcends obliquely nine inches from the neck of the condyle, till it comes to the root of the teeth[…]; which ſpace does not appear ſo large in the figure, becauſe of the poſition of the jaw; and from the fore-part of the Coronæ backwards, till the jaw become thick, five inches and ⅓; […]
ref: 1740, [Patrick] Blair, “The Osteology of an Elephant, with a Brief Account of Its Parts”, in Baddam, Memoirs of the Royal Society; Being a New Abridgment of the Philosophical Transactions: […], volume V, London: […] G. Smith, […], and sold by T[homas] Cooper, […]; and W[alter] Shropshire, […], →OCLC, pages 317 and 318:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Any appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona (sense 4.1).
examples: text: Pentándria, Digynia. All as in Stapèlia; but the corolla is tuberculate, and the branches of the plant warted; and the outer corona of the corolla lacerately multifid.
ref: 1838, George Don, A General History of the Dichleamydeous Plants, […], volume IV (Corollifloræ), London: […] [Gilbert & Rivington] for J. G. and F. Rivington; […], page 122, column 2:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Any appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona (sense 4.1).
A ring or set of appendages of adaxial tissue arising from the corolla or the outer edge of the stamens, present in some plants (Narcissus, Passiflora, etc.); a paraperigonium or paracorolla.
examples: text: It [Epiphanes] has a ciliated corona at its anterior end and tapers to a narrow foot at the posterior end. The cilia of the corona are arranged more or less in two rings, with the mouth in the gap between them.
ref: 1979, R[obert] McNeill Alexander, “Rotifers”, in The Invertebrates, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 230:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Any appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona (sense 4.1).
An annular ciliated organ on the head of rotifers, used for locomotion and sweeping food into the mouth.
examples: text: In coronae of the sea urchin Echinocyamus pusillus in the marine bed overlying the oncoid layer, an original Mg_(0.10–0.13)-calcite was gradually replaced during diagenesis by a Mg_(0.03–0.05)-calcite[…].
ref: 1983, D. K. Richter, R. Sedat, “Brackish-water Oncoids Composed of Blue-green and Red Algae from a Pleistocene Terrace near Corinth, Greece”, in Tadeusz M. Peryt, editor, Coated Grains, Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, part IV (Oncoids), page 306:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Any appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona (sense 4.1).
The main body of the test of an echinoid, consisting of ambulacral and interambulacral areas.
examples: text: A normal Crinoid (Fig. III.) consists of a “crown” (corona) attached by its dorsal (i.e. aboral) extremity to a “stem” (columna), which is fixed to the sea-floor or to some solid body by a “root” (radix).
ref: 1900, F[rancis] A[rthur] Bather, J. W. Gregory, E[dwin] S[tephen] Goodrich, “The Crinoidea”, in E[dwin] Ray Lankester, editor, A Treatise on Zoology, part III (The Echinoderma), London: Adam & Charles Black, →OCLC, page 99:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Any appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona (sense 4.1).
The crown of a crinoid, consisting of a cuplike central body (theca) and a set of arms.
examples: text: Coronaviruses are medium-sized, enveloped, ribonucleic acid viruses which, in negatively stained preparations, appear round and bear a corona of irregular, petal-shaped surface projections.
ref: 1972 October, Lawrence S. Sturman, Kenneth K. Takemoto, “Enhanced Growth of a Murine Coronavirus in Transformed Mouse Cells”, in Infection and Immunity, volume 6, number 4, Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 22 Mar 2020, page 501, column 1:
topics: biology
microbiology
natural-sciences
virology
glosses: Any appendage of an organism that resembles a crown or corona (sense 4.1).
A fringe of large, bulbous surface projections on coronaviruses, formed by viral spike peplomers, creating an appearance reminiscent of the solar corona.
examples: text: An appearance of a corona may produce useful or undesirable effects. For instance, a corona arising spontaneously around high-voltage wires of an electrical power transmission line results in a loss of electrical energy. On the other hand, coronas are widely used in many practical applications like dust collection with electrical precipitators, atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma surface treatment of polymers, cleaning of exhausted gases, etc.
ref: 2004, U[lrich] Kogelschatz, Yu S. Akishev, A. P. Napartovich, “History of Non-equilibrium Air Discharges”, in K. H. Becker, U[lrich] Kogelschatz, K. H. Schoenbach, R. J. Barker, editors, Non-equilibrium Air Plasmas at Atmospheric Pressure (Institute of Physics Series in Plasma Physics), Bristol; Philadelphia, Pa.: Institute of Physics Publishing, →ISBN, page 42:
topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A luminous appearance caused by corona discharge, often seen as a bluish glow in the air adjacent to pointed metal conductors carrying high voltages.
examples: text: [page 49] Upon this true "mackarel sky" was depicted one of those glorious coronæ, only seen at great elevations or in high Latitudes. […] [page 50] The corona was composed of two colours, violet on the edge nearest to the sun and red on the outer edge, the two colours blending together and forming a neutral tint in the middle of the corona; the order here observed with regard to the colours is similar to that observed in the rainbow.
ref: 1854, Walter Stanhope Sherwill, “Notes upon Some Atmospherical Phenomena Observed at Darjiling in the Himalayah Mountains, during the Summer of 1852”, in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, volume XXIII, number LXV, Calcutta: […] J. Thomas, Baptist Mission Press, published 1855, →OCLC, pages 49 and 50:
text: [page 214, paragraph 423] The sun and moon, when partially covered by light, fleecy clouds, are often seen encircled by one or more colored rings, which are called coronæ. […] In order to examine coronæ about the sun, it is best to view them by reflection from a blackened mirror, by which means the brilliancy of the sun's light is very much reduced. […] [page 215, paragraph 425] Coronæ are produced by the diffraction of the rays of light in their passage through the small intervals between the particles of condensed vapor in a cloud.
ref: 1868, Elias Loomis, “Optical Meteorology”, in A Treatise on Meteorology. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, section IV (Coronæ), pages 214 and 215:
text: The increasing light eventually erases the moon's glowing corona, her pendant chandelier of light pales into insignificance as the new day breaks.
ref: 2013, Alfred Grossmith Mason, “14 September 1942”, in Julie Grossmith Deltrice, editor, Arctic Warriors: A Personal Account of Convoy PQ18, Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Maritime, Pen & Sword Books, →ISBN, page 55:
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A circle or set of circles visible around a bright celestial object, especially the Sun or the Moon, attributable to an optical phenomenon produced by the diffraction of its light by small water droplets or tiny ice crystals.
examples: text: Green hornblende is abundant at the rims of chlorite coronas in contact with amphibole-filled cracks, whereas it is minor (but not absent) in coronas in contact with chlorite-filled cracks.
ref: 2017, J. Theo Kloprogge, Robert Lavinsky, “Introduction: Geological Examples”, in Photo Atlas of Mineral Pseudomorphism, Amsterdam; Kidlington, Oxfordshire: Elsevier, →ISBN, figure 1.45 caption, page 67:
topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A mineral zone, consisting of one or more minerals, which surrounds another mineral or lies at the interface of two minerals, typically in a radial arrangement; a reaction rim.
examples: text: Jack had a moſt ſcandalous tongue, and perſuaded Peg that all mankind, beſides himſelf, were pox'd by that ſcarlet-faced whore, Signiora Bubonia. “As for his brother Lord Peter, the tokens were evident on him, blotches, ſcabs, and the corona.[…]”
ref: [1750?], [John Arbuthnot], “[The History of John Bull.] Jack’s Charms, or the Method by which He Gained Peg’s Heart.”, in The History of John Bull. […], London: D[aniel] Midwinter and A. Tonson […], →OCLC, part II, page 60:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
synonyms: corona veneris
crown of Venus
glosses: A manifestation of secondary syphilis, consisting of papular lesions along the hairline, often bordering the scalp in the manner of a crown.
examples: text: From the remark of Servius [i.e., Maurus Servius Honoratus] (ad Aen. v. 269) it appears that coronae adorned with lemnisci were a greater distinction than those without them.
ref: 1842, Leonhard Schmitz, “λημνίσκος [lēmnískos, LEMNISCUS]”, in William Smith, editor, A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: […] [Samuel Bentley] for Taylor and Walton, […], →OCLC, page 557, column 2:
english: LEMNISCUS
roman: lēmnískos
translation: LEMNISCUS
text: Funerary inscriptions of soldiers under the Empire are frequently accompanied by representation of the dona militaria awarded during service. We instantly recognise depictions of torques, armillae, phalerae (often attached to a special harness), and various types of coronae.
ref: 1997 January, Lawrence Keppie, “Military Service in the Late Republic: The Evidence of Inscriptions and Sculpture”, in Journal of Roman Military Equipment Studies, volume 8, Ryton, Tyne and Wear: M. C. Bishop, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 8, column 1:
text: Though men typically did not wear hats, they could wear a ceremonial form of headwear known as a corona, or crown. Like many areas of Roman dress, there were strict rules about wearing coronas.
ref: 2004, Sara Pendergast, Tom Pendergast, edited by Sarah Hermsen, Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decorations, and Footwear through the Ages, volume 1, Detroit, Mich.: UXL, →ISBN, page 183:
glosses: A crown or garland bestowed among the Romans as a reward for distinguished services.
Derived terms: anticorona
bicorona
corona algebra
corona baby
corona conjecture
coronad
corona discharge
corona effect
coronagraph
coronagraphy
coronal rain
corona method
corona poling
corona ring
corona set
corona shield
coronasomnia
corona theorem
corona tube
coronavirus
coronectomy
coronite
coronium
coronoapical
coronograph
coronule
corotron
E-corona
F-corona
geocorona
hebesphenomegacorona
K-corona
multicorona
protein corona
solar corona
sphenocorona
sphenomegacorona
tricorona
ultracorona
Related terms: Corona Australis
Corona Borealis
corona glandis
coronal
corona lucis
corona radiata
coronary
corona seminis
coronate
coronation
corona veneris
coroner
coronet
coroniform