cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
disinfest
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: disinfests
form: disinfesting
form: disinfested
form: disinfested
Etymology: From dis- + infest.
Senses: glosses: To eliminate insects, vermin, or other pests from.
Related terms: disinfestant
disinfestation
cit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪt/
rhymes: -ɪt
Forms: form: cits
form: cit.
Etymology: Clipping of citizen
Senses: examples: text: […] the women of quality are frightened to see merchants wives and daughters dressed like themselves: this impudence of the city, they cry, is intolerable; mantua-makers are sent for, and the contrivance of fashions becomes all their study, that they may have always new modes ready to take up, as soon as those saucy cits shall begin to imitate those in being.
ref: 1714, Bernard Mandeville, The Fable of the Bees:
text: Here comes the muſty trader, running over vvith remonſtrances. I muſt banter the cit.
ref: 1760 January 28 (first performance), [Samuel] Foote, The Minor, a Comedy. […], London: […] J. Coote, […]; G[eorge] Kearsly, […]; T[homas] Davies, […], published 1760, →OCLC, Act II, page 56:
text: Not forgotten are the blue noses of the carpenters, and how they scouted at the greenness of the cit, who would build his sole piazza to the north.
ref: 1856, Herman Melville, The Piazza:
text: If, when that war was declared, every one had been sure that not only should we fail to conquer the Transvaal, but that IT would conquer US […] how would the cits have felt then?
ref: 1911 October 26, Max Beerbohm, Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, published 1912, →OCLC:
text: As a new-comer in the township, as a cit, and a devotee to beer, Cummings was an excuse to keep an eye on Millie[.]
ref: 1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, →OCLC, page 154:
glosses: a citizen; a city dweller, a townsman.
Derived terms: citess
cittess
cit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪt/
rhymes: -ɪt
Forms: form: cits
form: cit.
Etymology: Clipping of citation
Senses: related: word: cite
glosses: Clipping of citation
notario
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: notarios
Senses: glosses: An unauthorized practitioner of immigration law.
dubok
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: duboks
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian дубо́к (dubók), from дуб (dub, “oak tree”).
Senses: examples: text: And then there are the duboks. Every Red Army intelligence agent abroad is assigned the task of finding duboks in the city where he is stationed. A dubok is a hiding place for anything that may be exchanged in espionage work […]
ref: 1947, Hearst's International Combined with Cosmopolitan:
text: Meantime, in addition to the active agents, scores of others wait expectantly, always on the alert; scores of yavkas operate; scores of duboks are maintained; exchange of personnel goes on constantly.
ref: 1955, David J. Dallin, Soviet Espionage, page 509:
text: […] was unable to remember the spy's cover name but he did not attach much importance to this, since, as he pointed out, cover names, like duboks, were changed from time to time.
ref: 1981, H. Montgomery Hyde, The Atom Bomb Spies, page 91:
text: His couriers should communicate with him through duboks – hiding places where messages could be left or collected, also called 'dead letterboxes' […]
ref: 2011, Chapman Pincher, Treachery: Betrayals, Blunders and Cover-Ups:
topics: espionage
government
military
politics
war
glosses: A dead drop.
underact
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ækt
Forms: form: underacts
form: underacting
form: underacted
form: underacted
Etymology: From under- + act.
Senses: glosses: To act in an understated manner or with little expressiveness
understated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌndəˈsteɪtɪd/
rhymes: -eɪtɪd
Forms: form: more understated
form: most understated
Etymology: From under- + stated.
Senses: examples: text: In contrast to the ETR220's understated green and grey livery, the Swedish train's livery is startling "Paprika" red with white stripes.
ref: 1961 January, “The latest in Continental electric multiple-units and their operation”, in Trains Illustrated, page 47:
glosses: Restrained and unpretentious.
understated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌndəˈsteɪtɪd/
rhymes: -eɪtɪd
Etymology: From under- + stated.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of understate
braguette
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: braguettes
Etymology: French braguette
Senses: glosses: A codpiece.
underbid
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: underbids
form: underbidding
form: underbid
form: underbid
Etymology: From under- + bid.
Senses: glosses: To bid too low.
glosses: To bid lower than another.
topics: bridge
games
glosses: To bid less than the full value of a hand of cards.
underbid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underbids
Etymology: From under- + bid.
Senses: glosses: A bid that is lower than another.
underclothing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underclothings
Etymology: From under- + clothing.
Senses: glosses: clothing worn next to the skin; underwear
underdevelopment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underdevelopments
Etymology: From under- + development.
Senses: examples: text: Drawing on insights from thinkers such as Karl Marx, Aimé Césaire and Mahatma Gandhi, they pointed out that underdevelopment in the global South was not a natural condition, but a consequence of the way Western powers had organised the world system over hundreds of years.
ref: 2017, Jason Hickel, “Why are Poor Countries Poor?”, in The Divide […] , London: William Heinemann, →ISBN:
glosses: The condition of being underdeveloped.
plagiocephaly
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɛfəli
Forms: form: plagiocephalies
Etymology: From plagio- + -cephaly.
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A congenital condition where the skull suffers an oblique malformation.
Related terms: plagiocephalic
underexposure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underexposures
Etymology: From under- + exposure.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being underexposed.
glosses: An insufficient, or less than usual, exposure.
Related terms: underexpose
underfur
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underfurs
Etymology: From under- + fur.
Senses: glosses: The thick, soft undercoat of some mammals, especially those that spend time in the water
underlip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌlɪp/
ipa: /ˈʌndɚˌlɪp/
Forms: form: underlips
Etymology: From under- + lip. Compare Saterland Frisian Unnerlippe (“underlip”), German Unterlippe (“underlip”).
Senses: examples: text: He bit his under-lip as though he were somewhat unwilling, but arose.
ref: 1866, Charles Dickens, The Signal-Man:
text: His eyes were closed, his mouth opened. His breathing, irregular for three, then four, then five breaths, returned to its normal, soundless rhythm. Stubbled overlip and wet underlip moved about some final, silent word: […]
ref: 2014, Samuel R. Delany, Tales of Nevèrÿon, →ISBN:
glosses: The lower lip.
Coordinate terms: overlip
undermanned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ænd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of underman
undermanned
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ænd
Forms: form: more undermanned
form: most undermanned
Senses: examples: text: Two months afterwards he was reported fit for duty, but, in spite of the fact that he was urgently needed to help an undermanned Commission stagger through a deficit, he preferred to die; vowing at the last that he was hag-ridden.
ref: 1888, Rudyard Kipling, “The Phantom Rickshaw”, in The Phantom 'Rickshaw and Other Tales, Allahabad: A.H. Wheeler and Co., page 9:
glosses: Insufficiently manned; understaffed.
undermost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From under + -most.
Senses: glosses: In the lowest position or state; bottom.
undernourishment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From under- + nourishment.
Senses: glosses: Insufficient nourishment
glosses: The condition of being undernourished
underpart
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: underparts
form: underparting
form: underparted
form: underparted
Etymology: From under- + part.
Senses: glosses: To divide (a part) and assign subordinate portions of it.
underpart
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underparts
Etymology: From under- + part.
Senses: glosses: A lower or underneath part.
examples: text: buffy underparts
text: This bird species has tan underparts. Try to catch a glimpse when the bird takes off.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
ornithology
glosses: A lower or underneath part.
Such a part of a bird.
seven seas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: the seven seas
form: Seven Seas
Etymology: The modern association with the world oceans was popularized by The Seven Seas (Rudyard Kipling, 1896).
Senses: examples: text: I travel the world and the seven seas / Everybody's looking for something
ref: 1983, David A. Stewart, Annie Lennox, “Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)”, performed by Eurythmics:
glosses: All the oceans of the world, in a common modern interpretation, the North and South Atlantic, North and South Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Antarctic Ocean, but historical interpretations differ widely.
wikipedia: Rudyard Kipling
The Seven Seas (poetry collection)
Derived terms: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
wroten
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: ... I have ones agayne wroten to my cosen Richard Hyll, ...
ref: 1843, John Hooper, Samuel Carr, Early Writings of John Hooper - Page 169
text: For the scripture was wroten to lead us unto God, and unto repentance of ill. It was wroten to teach us God and all godliness, and not to move such ...
ref: 1872, John Payne Collier, Walter Calverley Trevelyan, Charles Edward Trevelyan, Trevelyan Papers ... - Page 74
glosses: past participle of write; written.
wroten
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: past participle of wroot
war-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Etymology: From the 1983 movie WarGames, which featured war-dialing.
Senses: glosses: Relating to gaining access to network resources, such as Wi-Fi, by locating and exploiting unprotected access addresses.
Related terms: war-driving
wardriving
war-chalking
warchalking
jupette
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jupettes
Etymology: From French jupette.
Senses: glosses: A jupon with a very short skirt.
nenikekamen
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of nenikikamen.
dolcissimo
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Italian dolcissimo, superlative of dolce (“sweet”).
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Very soft.
physio
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪzɪəʊ/
Forms: form: physios
Etymology: Clippings. Ultimately from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis, “nature”).
Senses: examples: text: I remembered her offer, however, and eight years later during a prolonged attack I put myself into the hands of Jenny, a wiry, little Indian physio whose manipulations and exercises returned my neck to its normal state.
ref: 1988, E[dward] J[ames] Moran Campbell, Not Always on the Level, [London]: British Medical Journal, →ISBN, page 194:
glosses: Clipping of physiotherapist.
glosses: Clipping of physiotherapy.
examples: text: I have my physio lab at 8:00am.
glosses: Clipping of physiology.
Derived terms: physioball
war-dialing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: See war-dial § Etymology.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of war-dial
war-dialing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: See war-dial § Etymology.
Senses: glosses: The practice of having a computer dial large numbers of telephone numbers in search of devices that can be exploited, such as fax machines or modems.
glosses: A similar practice in other address spaces, such as IP addresses.
Related terms: wardriving
war-dial
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: war-dials
form: war-dialing
form: war-dialling
form: war-dialed
form: war-dialed
form: war-dialled
form: war-dialled
Senses: glosses: To have a computer dial a large number of phone numbers in search of devices for exploitation, such as modems or fax machines.
glosses: To engage in a similar activity in another address space, such as IP addresses.
Related terms: war-drive
war-driving
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of war-drive
war-driving
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of wardriving.
war-drive
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: war-drives
form: war-driving
form: war-drove
form: war-driven
Etymology: From war- + drive.
Senses: glosses: To search for a Wi-Fi wireless network while driving a motor vehicle.
stockingfeet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of stockingfoot
stockingfeet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Socks, stockings or other hosiery on one's feet but without shoes.
totalize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: totalizes
form: totalizing
form: totalized
form: totalized
Etymology: From total + -ize.
Senses: synonyms: total
glosses: To combine parts to make a total.
examples: text: She's heard me rant enough times about how transmasculine people get thrown under the bus in this kind of totalizing discourse, where any and all masculinity must be sacrificed at the altar of entry-level feminism
ref: 2021, Jasper Sanchez, The (Un)Popular Vote, page 117:
glosses: To treat or construe something as universal, all-embracing, or comprehensive.
Related terms: totalization
totalizer
total
collective unconscious
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: collective unconsciouses
Senses: examples: text: It has been suggested that Prothean data recording is highly dependent on a certain point of view, what Carl Jung described as the collective unconscious. The 'cipher' needed to comprehend the images implanted in Shepard's mind is the cultural knowledge of a Prothean: the archetypes, biological instincts, and common experiences universal to the race.
ref: 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Protheans: Cipher Codex entry:
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: The common experiences, thoughts and opinions of a large group of people taken as a whole.
street market
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: street markets
Senses: examples: text: The backbone of the old Cockney kingdom of Lambeth used to be Lambeth Walk, the famous old street market that runs parallel to the river behind Lambeth Road.
ref: 1975, Philip Howard, London's River, page 107:
text: Buy a bog-standard one at the street market in Souk Chaaria, near the Musee de Marrakech.
ref: 2007 September 2, Fiona Dunlop, “North Africa for food lovers.”, in The Guardian:
text: It was not the custom of London consumers to walk any distance for their food, or any other goods. As a result of this and the inability of the London County Council to establish a single authority to regulate existing markets and establish properly regulated new ones when the need arose, the irregular street market set up in densely populated districts was a feature of the capital. In 1891 there were 112, all unauthorised, and containing 5,292 stalls, of which 65 percent were set aside for the sale of perishable commodities.
ref: 1956-2000, H. P. R. Finberg, Joan Thirsk, Edith H. Whetham, Stuart Piggott, H. E. Hallam, Edward Miller, G. E. Mingay, E. J. T. Collins, The agrarian history of England and Wales, page 992
glosses: A temporary public market, normally set up outdoors on certain days of the week, often, but not always, in a street. Sometimes they can be found in a car park or in a market square.
senioritis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsin.jɚˈaɪt.ɪs/
Etymology: From senior + -itis.
Senses: examples: text: I don't know, but "senioritis" is real, as I discovered in my senior year. Senioritis is a frame of mind particular to high-school seniors.
ref: 1984, W. Dean Memering, Frank O'Hare, The Writer's Work: Guide to Effective Composition - Page 121
text: And right now she has a raging case of senioritis. […] Whether you call it senioritis or senior slump, there's no disguising the collective sigh of relief […]
ref: 2003, Barbara Cooke, Carleton Kendrick, Take Out Your Nose Ring, Honey, We're Going to Grandma's: Hanging In ... - Page 111
text: I worked hard my senior year, something that was particularly difficult due to the senioritis that many others were feeling. But it paid off!
ref: 2007, Vault Editors, The College Buzz Book - Page 336
glosses: A tendency of seniors in high school or college to skip class or slack off due to a desire to move on, or because they have already been accepted by a college and their further academic performance is no longer as relevant.
Related terms: junioritis
encephalogram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: encephalograms
Etymology: From encephalo- + -gram.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: An image of the brain obtained by encephalography.
Derived terms: electroencephalogram
magnetoencephalogram
rheoencephalogram
stereoencephalogram
panchayath
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: panchayaths
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of panchayat.
stockingfoot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stockingfeet
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of stocking-foot.
stocking-foot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stocking-feet
form: stockingfoot
Senses: examples: text: Experienced fly-fishers prefer stockingfoot waders.
text: 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, Chapter XIX
I gave her a shilling. She put it into an old stocking-foot which she took out of her pocket, and having tied it round and returned it, she told me to hold out my hand. I did. She arched her face to the palm, and pored over it without touching it.
glosses: The part of socks, stockings, hosiery, or other flexible footwear that surrounds the foot.
glosses: An unshod foot clad only in socks, stockings, or other hosiery.
Related terms: stockinged
stocking-feet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Dorothy stood up and found she was in her stocking-feet. For the Silver Shoes had fallen off in her flight through the air, and were lost forever in the desert.
ref: 1900 May 17, L[yman] Frank Baum, chapter 23, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Geo[rge] M[elvin] Hill Co., →OCLC:
glosses: plural of stocking-foot
Related terms: stockinged
recompence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: recompences
Senses: examples: text: The fees , or allowances , that are termly given to these deputies , receiver , and clerks , for recompence of these their pains , I do purposely pretermit ; because they be not certain , but arbitrary
ref: c. 1598, Francis Bacon, An Account of […] Compositions for Alienations:
glosses: Obsolete form of recompense.
recompence
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: recompences
form: recompencing
form: recompenced
form: recompenced
Senses: glosses: Obsolete form of recompense.
WordNet
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Proprialization of wordnet.
Senses: examples: text: Copycat uses a network of concepts, called a Slipnet, to find correspondences between nonidentical objects, just as ARCS uses WordNet-style semantic information to find similar concepts.
ref: 1996, Keith J. Holyoak, Paul Thagard, Mental Leaps: Analogy in Creative Thought, page 259:
text: Recently the Group started a project of creating a thesaurus of the WordNet type for Estonian.
ref: 1997, Josephine A. Edwards, Geoffrey Kingscott, Language Industries Atlas, page 334:
text: By (partly) mirroring one another, general servers would probably share a similar general WordNet-like or CYC-like ontology […].
ref: 2001, Philippe Martin and Peter Eklund, "Large-scale cooperatively built KBs", Harry S. Delugach, Gerd Stumme, Conceptual Structures: Broadening the Base : 9th International Conference on, page 232
text: One very interesting possibility seems to be to complement WordNet-style lexicons with the SIMPLE design, thereby trying to get at a more comprehensive and coherent architecture for the development of semantic lexical resources.
ref: 2002, Nicoletta Calzolari et al., "Towards a Standard for a Multilingual Lexical Entry: The EAGLES/ISLE Initiative", in Alexander Gelbukh, ed., Computational Linguistics and Intelligent Text Processing: Third, page 270
text: Chai (2000) uses WordNet for information extraction, ie the identification and extraction of domain specific target information from a document [....]
ref: 2003, Piet Van Sterkenburg, editor, A Practical Guide to Lexicography, page 198:
text: For conference, which has 3 senses in WordNet, we get the following candidate taxonomic relations: [....]
ref: 2005, Paul Buitelaar, Philipp Cimiano, Bernardo Magnini, Ontology Learning from Text: Methods, Evaluation And Applications, page 64:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
qualifier: artificial intelligence
glosses: A particular wordnet, a semantically structured lexical database, for the English language at Princeton University.
hyperdactyly
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyperdactylies
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: polydactyly
Raynaud's phenomenon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Raynaud's phenomena
Etymology: Named after the French physician Maurice Raynaud, who described the condition in 1862.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: Raynaud syndrome
glosses: A condition of the hands and feet becoming discoloured, typically white, red, and blue, caused by an altered blood flow brought about by cold, or stress.
wikipedia: Maurice Raynaud
humblebee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: humblebees
form: humble-bee
Etymology: From Middle English humbul-be, humbulbe, hombul-be, from *humbul (“bumblebee”) + be (“bee”).
See also West Frisian hommel (“bumblebee”), Dutch hommel (“bumblebee”), German Low German Hummel (“bumblebee”), German Hummel (“bumblebee”), Swedish humla (“bumblebee”), Norwegian humle (“bumblebee”); also cognate with Dutch hommelbij (“bumblebee”), Danish humlebi (“bumblebee”). Compare also English humble (“to hum”).
Senses: examples: text: The Fox, the Ape, and the Humble-Bee,
Were ſtill at oddes being but three.
ref: c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC; republished as Shakspere’s Loves Labours Lost (Shakspere-Quarto Facsimiles; no. 5), London: W[illiam] Griggs, […], [1880], →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], signature [C4], verso, lines 85–86:
text: 1800's, Ralph Waldo Emerson, The Humblebee
Burly, dozing humblebee,
Where thou art is clime for me.
text: Hence I have very little doubt, that if the whole genus of humble-bees became extinct or very rare in England, the heartsease and red clover would become very rare, or wholly disappear.
ref: 1859 November 24, Charles Darwin, “Struggle for Existence”, in On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, pages 73–74:
glosses: A bumblebee.
Related terms: english: to hum
translation: to hum
word: humble
blesses
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈblɛsɪz/
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bless
periorbital
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔː(ɹ)bɪtəl
Etymology: From peri- + orbital.
Senses: examples: text: Eyelashes are periorbital hair.
glosses: Of, pertaining to or surrounding the orbit of the eyes
Derived terms: intraperiorbital
humble-bee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: humble-bees
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of humblebee.
humblebees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of humblebee
humble-bees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of humble-bee
pistils
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pistil
totalizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of totalize
kigo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kigo
form: kigos
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 季語 (kigo).
Senses: topics: communications
journalism
literature
media
poetry
publishing
writing
glosses: A seasonal word; a word required in haiku to indicate the season.
totalizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of totalize
totalized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of totalize
nostrification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nostrifications
Etymology: First attested in 1885; learned borrowing from Latin noster (“our, ours”, oblique stem in nostr-) -ification.
Senses: glosses: The process or act of granting recognition to a degree from a foreign university.
examples: text: It was such acts of expropriating foreign-owned property—or what was called nostrification in postimperial Central Europe when the property was given to private nationals—that Hayek complained of in The Road to Serfdom.
ref: 2018, Quinn Slobodian, Globalists, section 137:
glosses: The expropriation of foreign owned capital to domestic persons.
Derived terms: nostrificate
Related terms: nostrify
Asian dust
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In this case, Asian dust was transported by a downward moving low pressure and the altitude of Asian dust was below 3km.
ref: 2005, Nobuo Takeuchi, “Elastic Lidar Measurement of the Troposphere”, in Takashi Fujii, Tetsuo Fukuchi, editors, Laser Remote Sensing, CRC Press, page 81:
glosses: Dust, sand, and other particulate matter from Mongolia, northern China, and Kazakhstan blown over China, Korea, and Japan in the spring.
happeningest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of happening: most happening
deorbit
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: deorbits
form: deorbiting
form: deorbited
form: deorbited
Etymology: From de- + orbit.
Senses: examples: text: 1996, DIANE Publishing Company, Intelligence Threat Handbook
The principal improvements in the systems are the ability to return film canisters without deorbiting the spacecraft, and the extension of orbital […]
text: First, an orbiting weapon required elaborate spacecraft systems, such as retro-rockets to deorbit it, others to guide it, and still others to arm it.
ref: 1998, Curtis Peebles, High Frontier: The U.S. Air Force & the Military Space Program - Page 59
text: […] process will be initiated and over approximately one year the satellites will be maneuvered into an orbit that will eventually safely deorbit them.
ref: 2007, U.S. Government, Proposed fiscal year 2008 budget request for the Department of the Interior ... - Page 83
glosses: To cause to leave orbit.
examples: text: The Gemini emergency occurred when Gemini 8 deorbited and landed in the Northern Pacific 1000 miles south of Japan.
ref: 1986, Gloria W. Heath, ed., Space Safety and Rescue, 1984-1985: Proceedings of Symposia, page 62
text: Vostok 3 deorbited first, at 09.24 MT on 15 August, followed six minutes later by Vostok 4.
ref: 2001, Rex Hall, David Shayler, The Rocket Men: Vostok & Voskhod, the First Soviet Manned Spaceflights, page 192:
text: Viktor is a friend of mine," she says. "He tells me that he has had strange dreams since Mir deorbited."
ref: 2002, Dan Simmons, “The End of Gravity”, in Worlds Enough & Time: Five Tales of Speculative Fiction, page 251:
glosses: Of an orbiting object, such as a satellite: to leave orbit.
Derived terms: deorbit burn
deorbit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: deorbits
Etymology: From de- + orbit.
Senses: glosses: The act or process of leaving orbit.
orbital plane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: orbital planes
Senses: examples: text: The plane of ecliptic is the orbital plane of the earth and the other planets in the solar system.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: The surface (plane) that contains an orbit.
plane of ecliptic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: planes of ecliptic
Senses: examples: text: The plane of ecliptic is the orbital plane of the earth and the other planets in the solar system.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: The surface (plane) that contains the orbit of a planet in a solar system.
Synonyms: orbital plane
Great Firewall of China
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Great Firewall of China
Etymology: Blend of Great Wall of China + firewall, popularized in a issue of Wired in 1997.
Senses: examples: text: Behind this hypothetical Great Firewall of China, most users would be allowed to exchange information with foreign sites if they were on the approved list
ref: 1997, A. Michael Froomkin, “Jurisdiction in Cyberspace: The Role of Intermediaries”, in Borders in Cyberspace: Information Policy and the Global Information Infrastructure, →OCLC, page 146:
text: The "Great Firewall of China" is failing, largely due to the increased volume of Internet traffic in China.
ref: 2001, Greg Walton, China's Golden Shield: Corporations and the Development of Surveillance Technology in the People's Republic of China, →OCLC, page 5:
text: The Great Firewall of China is a case of corporate collaboration in censorship.
ref: 2007, Dinah PoKempner, “A Shrinking Realm: Freedom of Expression Since 9/11”, in Human Rights Watch World Report 2007, →ISBN, page 76:
text: The targets suggest the attackers are sympathetic to the vast censorship apparatus known as the Great Firewall of China.
ref: 2015 March 31, Dan Goodin, “Massive denial-of-service attack on GitHub tied to Chinese government”, in Ars Technica, retrieved 01 Apr 2015:
synonyms: GFW
Great Firewall
Golden Shield
glosses: Internet censorship by the Government of the People's Republic of China.
wikipedia: Wired
string distance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: string distances
Senses: examples: text: The string distance between 'here' and 'there' is 1 (insertion of a t).
topics: computer
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
science
sciences
glosses: Any of several metrics that represent the degree of similarity between two strings of characters, based on the smallest number of transformations that can change one into the other.
Synonyms: edit distance
Related terms: Hamming distance
Levenshtein distance
chambranle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈʃɒmbɹɒnlə/
Forms: form: chambranles
Etymology: Borrowed from French chambranle.
Senses: topics: architecture
glosses: In architecture, the case or frame used on three sides around a chamber door, large window, or fireplace mantel, and the border decorations.
Synonyms: english: doors
translation: doors
word: door case
english: windows
translation: windows
word: window frame
word: mantel
english: mantels
translation: mantels
word: mantle-tree
word: antepagmenta
Levenshtein distance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Levenshtein distances
Etymology: From Levenshtein + distance, after the Russian mathematician Vladimir Levenshtein.
Senses: topics: computer
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
science
sciences
glosses: The number of edits (replacements, deletions and insertions) required to change one string into another.
taxicab distance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: taxicab distances
form: taxi distance
form: taxidistance
form: taxi-distance
Etymology: Suggesting the route taken by a taxi through a grid of intersecting streets.
Senses: examples: text: The taxicab distance between (0,0) and (3,4) is 7.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The distance between two points located on a grid, where the only path allowed is vertical and horizontal lines.
Synonyms: sense: distance on a grid
word: blockwise distance
sense: distance on a grid
word: Manhattan distance
Related terms: as the crow flies
taxicab distances
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of taxicab distance
insertions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of insertion
string distances
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of string distance
dramaturges
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dramaturge
cornicle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈkɔː(ɹ)nɪkəl/
Forms: form: cornicles
Etymology: From Latin corniculum, diminutive of cornū.
Senses: glosses: A little horn.
topics: biology
entomology
natural-sciences
glosses: one of a pair of small upright backward-pointing tubes found on the dorsal side of the 5th or 6th abdominal segments of aphids
cornicles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cornicle
cornicular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Being or relating to a horn angle.
examples: text: The cornicular secretions of the aphids Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon Pisum were analyzed by Strong (1967) and shown to consist almost exclusively of triglycerides.
ref: 1981, Murray S. Blum, Chemical Defenses of Arthropods, page 11:
text: Nanocthulhu possesses a cornicular knob on the corniculum, distinguishing this genus from Stentorceps, which has a circular or ovoid corniculum[…]
ref: 2012, Matthew L. Buffington, “Description of Nanocthulhu lovecrafti, a Preternatural New Genus and Species of Trichoplastini (Figitidae: Eucoilinae)”, in Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, volume 114, page 6:
text: The cornicular secretions act in two ways: they can trap the parasitoid as well as function as alarm pheromones that alert their nearby conspecific individuals. The following behaviours of the aphids were recorded: […]cornicular secretions (0, 1 side or 2 sides).
ref: 2014, Cecile Le Lann et al., “Thermal change alters the outcome of behavioural interactions between antagonistic partners”, in Ecological Entomology, volume 39, →DOI:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to cornicles.
cornicular
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: corniculars
Senses: topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
corniculars
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cornicular
corniculate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin corniculātus (“horn-shaped, horned”).
Senses: glosses: Horned; having horns.
examples: text: corniculate cartilages
glosses: Having processes resembling small horns.
cornific
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɔːˈnɪf.ɪk/
ipa: /kɔɹˈnɪf.ɪk/
rhymes: -ɪfɪk
Etymology: From Latin cornū (“horn”).
Senses: glosses: Producing horns; forming horn.
cornification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cornifications
Etymology: From Latin cornū (“horn”) + -ification.
Senses: glosses: Conversion into, or formation of, horn.
glosses: A general hardening of the skin.
Derived terms: hypercornification
cornifications
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cornification
cornified
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of cornify
cornified
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more cornified
form: most cornified
Senses: examples: text: The least cornified, young cells stain violet or blue, more mature cells mauve and the most cornified, old and dying cells stain red.
ref: 1966, New Scientist, page 290:
text: Epidermis on the palms and soles is thicker and more cornified than epidermis on other areas of the body because of frequent use and superficial trauma.
ref: 1998, Charles William Cummings, Charles J. Krause, David E. Schuller, Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery, page 574:
text: The filiform variety are less numerous in cats than in dogs but are more heavily cornified, with backward-pointing hooklike tips.
ref: 2002, Douglas H. Slatter, Textbook of Small Animal Surgery, page 499:
glosses: Converted into horn; horny.
examples: text: “Timberlake,” it wrote,” is the most cornified and harmless of pop stars […] ”
ref: 2007 December 7, Mal Vincent, “Former boy-band singer takes a risk with 'Alpha Dog’ role”, in Virginian-Pilot:
glosses: Corny, or having been made corny.
corniform
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɔːnɪfɔːm/
Forms: form: more corniform
form: most corniform
Etymology: From Latin cornu (“horn”) + -iform.
Senses: examples: text: Therefore Ikey's corniform, be-spectacled nose and narrow, knowledge-bowed figure was well known in the vicinity of the Blue Light, and his advice and notice were much desired.
ref: 1906, O. Henry, The Love-Philtre of Ikey Schoenstein:
glosses: Having the shape of a horn; horn-shaped.
cornist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cornists
Senses: glosses: A cornetist
cornists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cornist
cornloft
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cornlofts
Etymology: From corn + loft.
Senses: glosses: A loft for corn; a granary.
cornlofts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cornloft
cornemuses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cornemuse
corn-dodger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: corn-dodgers
form: corndodger
Senses: glosses: A cake made of the meal of Indian corn, wrapped in a covering of husks or paper, and baked under the embers.
Synonyms: hushpuppy
corndodgers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of corndodger
scribblers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of scribbler
writerly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more writerly
form: most writerly
Etymology: From writer + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The article was writerly and professional.
glosses: Characteristic of a writer; using well-chosen words or well-crafted sentences.
examples: text: the long road to writerly recognition is riddled with disappointment.
ref: 2020 October 13, Beatrice Loayza, “Jack London gets an Italian makeover in the tragic and romantic Martin Eden”, in AV Club:
glosses: of or pertaining to a writer
schrik
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: schriks
Senses: glosses: A shock; a sudden fright.
appellations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of appellation
religionists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of religionist
tenantless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more tenantless
form: most tenantless
Etymology: From tenant + -less.
Senses: examples: text: The extreme remoteness of the place was apparent from the veritable sea of tenantless mountains which formed the background and stretched away toward a misty horizon.
ref: 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 2, in The Whisperer in Darkness:
synonyms: word: untenanted
word: vacant
word: beingless
word: desert
word: deserted
word: desolate
word: disinhabited
word: inhabitantless
word: inhabited
word: lifeless
word: peopleless
word: solitary
word: tenantless
word: unhabited
word: uninhabited
word: unoccupied
word: unpeopled
word: unpopulated
word: untenanted
word: vacant
word: wasteful
glosses: Lacking a tenant; unoccupied.
countrywomen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of countrywoman
artillerymen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of artilleryman
invocations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of invocation
gravestones
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gravestone
handmaidens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of handmaiden
rabid wolf spider
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rabid wolf spiders
Etymology: Perhaps from the spider's rapid erratic movement.
Senses: glosses: A wolf spider of species Rabidosa rabida, of the eastern and southern US.
locust borer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: locust borers
Senses: glosses: A beetle, of species Megacyllene robiniae, that feeds as a larva on black locust trees in eastern North America.
chirurgy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /kaɪˈɹɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒi/
/kɪˈɹɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒi/
Forms: form: chirurgies
form: chirurgie
Etymology: From Middle English cirurgie, from Old French cirurgie, from Latin chīrurgia. Doublet of surgery.
Senses: synonyms: chirurgery
glosses: surgery
Related terms: chirurgeon
chirurgical
spotted cucumber beetle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spotted cucumber beetles
Senses: glosses: A kind of beetle, Diabrotica undecimpunctata, a major agricultural pest insect of North America damaging leaves of many crops, including cucumbers, soybeans, cotton, beans, and many others.
Synonyms: english: larval form
translation: larval form
word: southern corn rootworm
chirurgies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of chirurgy
chirurgeries
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of chirurgery
adelgid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /əˈdɛl.d͡ʒɪd/
Forms: form: adelgids
Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin Adelges + -id, first attested in 1928. The Latin term is adapted from a purported Ancient Greek *ἀδελγεῖν (*adelgeîn, “to suck”), which is unattested; it is likely there was some confusion with ἀμελγεῖν (amelgeîn, “to milk, to suck up moisture, to drink”).
Compare French adelge.
Senses: examples: text: For this reason, it is important that adelgid-free planting stock be used.
ref: 1939, Samuel Alexander Graham, Principles of Forest Entomology, page 315:
text: Since the adelgid did not attack red spruce or hardwoods, its impact on the timber industry would be minimal.
ref: 2003, Timothy Silver, Mount Mitchell and the Black Mountains, page 238:
text: Severe winter cold helps reduce adelgid populations and slow their spread, so the recent trend toward relatively mild winters is actually facilitating the adelgid onslaught.
ref: 2004, Geoffrey A. Hammerson, Connecticut Wildlife, page 232:
glosses: An insect of the genus Adelges.
Derived terms: fir adelgid
woolly adelgid
pine bark adelgid
soldier beetle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: soldier beetles
Senses: glosses: Any of several beetles, of the family Cantharidae, that are predators of aphids and other insects.
jurymen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of juryman
grandpapa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: grandpapas
Etymology: From grand- + papa.
Senses: glosses: grandfather
grandpapas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of grandpapa
gentlemanlike
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more gentlemanlike
form: most gentlemanlike
form: gentleman-like
Etymology: From gentleman + -like.
Senses: examples: text: He bowed to me, he madamed me, he was throughout as gentlemanlike and respectful as I had ever found him when we met at Old Harbour House or in Old Harbour Town.
ref: 1905, William Clark Russell, The Yarn of Old Harbour Town, page 208:
synonyms: gentlemanly
glosses: Like a gentleman; courteous.
Derived terms: gentlemanlikely
gentlemanlikeness
ungentlemanlike
crab-eating raccoon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: crab-eating raccoons
Senses: glosses: A species of raccoon Procyon cancrivorus, found in the jungles of Central and South America.
Related terms: Procyon cancrivorus
woolly adelgid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: woolly adelgids
Senses: examples: text: In some parts of the Northeast, woolly adelgid and aphids are serious pests.
ref: 1998, Stephen W. Kress, Bird Gardens, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, page 35:
text: Negatively, insects unnatural to our gardens, such as the woolly adelgid, may arrive from exotic shores and devastate our hemlocks because there are no native, natural enemies that have coevolved to attack them here.
ref: 2001, Eric Grissell, Insects and Gardens, Timber Press, page 111:
text: North America's once abundant Canadian hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) may soon become a relic and then a ghost, owing to the invasion of the woolly adelgid (Adelges tsuga annand).
ref: 2006, Stephen M. Meyer, The End of the Wild, MIT Press, page 70:
glosses: Any of various insects of either species Adelges piceae or Adelges tsugae.
Derived terms: taxonomic: Adelges tsugae
word: hemlock woolly adelgid
taxonomic: Adelges piceae
word: balsam woolly adelgid
magno-therapy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of magnotherapy.
Abraham's bosom
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Middle English Abraham bosom, abraham bosum, Abrahames boseme, Abrahames bosum, Abrahams bosum, Abrahamys bosum, from translation of Late Latin sinus Ābrahae, from translation of Ancient Greek κόλπος Ἀβραάμ (kólpos Abraám).
Senses: examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:Abraham's bosom.
topics: Christianity
glosses: The waiting place for the faithful dead between the crucifixion and the resurrection of Christ; paradise.
Synonyms: word: Abraham's barm
hemlock woolly adelgid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hemlock woolly adelgids
Senses: examples: text: Oak wilt, gypsy moth caterpillars, spruce bud worm and lately dogwood anthracnose and hemlock woolly adelgid are only some of the better known problems with which gardeners, foresters and ecologists must contend.
ref: 1995, Gleen Douglas Dreyer, “Maintaining Your Woodland Garden”, in Woodland Gardens, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, page 40:
text: But around 1953, the hemlock woolly adelgid was discovered on Eastern hemlocks at Maymont Park.
ref: 1999, Steve Nash, Blue Ridge 2020, page 30:
text: Another tree is being attacked by an alien insect, the hemlock woolly adelgid.
ref: 2005, John H. Burde, George A. Feldhamer, Mammals of the National Parks, JHU Press, page 82:
glosses: An insect of the species Adelges tsugae.
Synonyms: sense: Adelges tsugae
word: HWA
Related terms: possible biological controls
Laricobius
Laricobius kangdingensis
Laricobius nigrinus
Laricobius osakensis
Pseudoscymnus tsugae
Land of the Leal
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Land o' the Leal
Senses: glosses: Heaven.
Related terms: land of the free
land of the living
Limeyland
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From limey + -land.
Senses: glosses: England, or the United Kingdom.
chirurgeons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of chirurgeon
carvings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of carving
catalogs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of catalog
catalogs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of catalog
croziers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of crozier
cataloged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Sorted, classified.
cataloged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of catalog
cataloging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of catalog
cataloging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: catalogings
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of cataloguing.
caulked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɔːkt
Forms: form: calked
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of caulk
caulked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɔːkt
Forms: form: calked
Senses: glosses: Having cracks or crevices stopped-up with a filler.
Derived terms: uncaulked
caulks
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of caulk