cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Vyborg
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: vēʹbôrg'
enpr: vēʹbərk
ipa: /ˈviːˌbɔːɡ/
ipa: /ˈviː.bək/
ipa: /ˈviˌbɔɹɡ/
ipa: /ˈvi.bɚk/
Forms: form: Viborg
Etymology: From Russian Выборг (Vyborg) from Swedish Viborg, from vi (“sanctuary, sacred area”) + borg (“fortress, castle; city”), from Old Norse vé + borg via Old Swedish borgh. Doublet of Viborg.
Senses: glosses: A city in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. In earlier times was part of Finland and Sweden, pop. 79,224 (as of 2002).
guarana
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɡwəˈɹɑːnə/
Forms: form: guaranas
form: guaraná
Etymology: From Brazilian Portuguese guaraná, from Sateré-Mawé warana.
Senses: glosses: A tree, Paullinia cupana, native to Venezuela and northern Brazil.
examples: text: Brazilians consume more than six billion quarts of soft drinks a year, making Brazil the third-largest soft drink market in the world, after Mexico and the United States, and guarana-based drinks make up 25 percent of this market.
ref: 2004, Bennett Alan Weinberg, Bonnie K. Bealer, The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug, Routledge, →ISBN, pages 192–193:
glosses: The fruit from this tree, chiefly used to make caffeinated beverages.
glosses: An edible paste prepared from the seeds of the tree, formed into round or oblong cakes.
Derived terms: guaranine
iyokan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈiːjəʊkɑn/
Forms: form: iyokans
Etymology: From Japanese 伊予柑.
Senses: glosses: A citrus fruit from Japan, with a more bitter taste than an orange, Citrus × iyo.
jackfruit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jackfruits
form: jackfruit
form: jakfruit
form: jack fruit
form: jack-fruit
Etymology: From jack (“jackfruit”), from Portuguese jaca (“jackfruit”), from Malayalam ചക്ക (cakka) / Tamil சக்கை (cakkai), + fruit.
Senses: examples: text: On our return we stopped at Mr. Wijeysakera's home, quaffed the juice of King Cocoanut, looked through his extensive grounds, and saw several kinds of palm, the breadfruit-tree, the jackfruit-tree, the nux-vomica-tree, pimento or allspice shrub, nutmeg-tree, pineapples of different varieties.
ref: 1882, De Robigne Mortimer Bennett, A Truth Seeker Around the World: From Bombay to Hong Kong, D. M. Bennett, page 371:
glosses: A tree, Artocarpus heterophyllus, of the Moraceae family, which produces edible fruit.
examples: text: The fruit grows on the branches from the axil of the leaves, and attains the size of a cantaloupe melon, but more oval, and generally eight to ten inches long; it has a stalk proportioned to its size, and exactly resembles the jackfruit, which is known to all those who have journeyed to the Indies.
ref: 1891, Crozet, Henry Ling Roth, James R. Boosé, Crozet's Voyage to Tasmania, New Zealand, the Ladrone Islands, and the Philippines in the Years 1771-1772, Truslove & Shirley, page 87:
text: Some fun meatless recipes include jackfruit sandwiches in place of pulled pork; black bean meatless balls or eggplant and shiitake “meatballs.”
ref: 2020 May 19, Lisa Drayer, “How to eat less meat and more plants”, in CNN:
glosses: The large fruit from this tree.
Synonyms: sense: fruit
word: jack
sense: tree
word: jackfruit tree
Related terms: jackwood
korlan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: korlans
Senses: glosses: Nephelium hypoleucum, a tropical tree of the Sapindaceae family.
glosses: The fruit from the korlan tree.
longan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒŋɡən/
ipa: /ˈlɔŋɡən/
ipa: /ˈlɑŋɡən/
rhymes: -ɒŋɡən
Forms: form: longans
form: lungan
Etymology: Borrowed from Cantonese 龍眼 /龙眼 (lung⁴ ngaan⁵, literally “dragon’s eye”). Doublet of Longyan (“grape”).
Senses: glosses: An evergreen tree, Dimocarpus longan, of the Sapindaceae family, native to southern China.
glosses: The fruit from the longan tree.
Synonyms: dragon's eye
mamoncillo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mamoncillos
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish mamoncillo.
Senses: glosses: Melicoccus bijugatus, a tree of the Sapindaceae family, native to Central and South America.
glosses: The small, green, tangy, oval fruit of the mamoncillo tree.
Synonyms: chenet
guaya
genip
ginep
ginnip
gnep
guinep
quenepa
limoncillo
Spanish lime
Acmeism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈæk.miː.ɪz.əm/
Etymology: From Russian акмеи́зм (akmeízm), from Ancient Greek.
Senses: examples: text: A manifestation of Russian modernism that comprised those who had “overcome” symbolism, acmeism represents a facet of 20th-century Russian literature without a direct predecessor in Europe.
ref: 2013, Jonathan Stone, “Acmeism”, in Historical Dictionary of Russian Literature, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 9:
glosses: A literary movement in early twentieth-century Russia, reacting against symbolism and concerned with greater immediacy in poetic language.
Derived terms: Acmeist
Shem
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Ancient Greek Σήμ (Sḗm), from Hebrew שם (Šēm).
Senses: topics: biblical
lifestyle
religion
glosses: The oldest son of Noah, brother to Ham and Japheth.
glosses: A male given name from Hebrew of biblical origin.
Related terms: Semite
Semitic
malosol
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: malossol
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian малосоль (malosolʹ), from мало (malo, “light”) + соль (solʹ, “salt”).
Senses: glosses: A lightly salted Russian caviar.
mandola
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -əʊlə
Forms: form: mandolas
Etymology: From Italian mandola. Doublet of pandura.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A stringed musical instrument resembling the mandolin, but of larger size and tuned lower.
Derived terms: mandolist
Prince Charming
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Prince Charmings
form: Princes Charming
Etymology: Calque of French Roi Charmant (“Charming King”).
Senses: examples: text: No one could have helped being won by his smile and the truly royal manner in which he saluted the crowd in passing when he was in good humor. For this reason, the voice of the people, which is never mistaken, had christened him Prince Charming, and his name always clung to him.
ref: 1920, “King Bizarre And Prince Charming”, in Mary L. Booth, transl., Laboulaye's Fairy Book:
glosses: A fictional heroic prince in various fairy-tales.
examples: text: She's still unmarried because she is waiting for her Prince Charming... and he may not exist.
text: She did not listen. She was free in her prison of passion. Her prince, Prince Charming, was with her.
ref: 1891, Oscar Wilde, chapter V, in The Picture of Dorian Gray, London; New York, N.Y.; Melbourne, Vic.: Ward Lock & Co., →OCLC:
text: However, I’ll tell you this much . . . and if nothing comes of it you must never breathe a word about it to a living soul. You see, Prince Charming is coming to-night.
ref: 1909 September, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, “The Prince Comes Back to the Enchanted Palace”, in Anne of Avonlea, Boston, Mass.: L[ouis] C[oues] Page & Company, →OCLC, pages 341–342:
text: There's always love for sale / A grown up fairy tale / Prince charming always smiles / Behind a silver spoon
ref: 1979, “Street Life”, Will Jennings (lyrics), performed by The Crusaders ft. Randy Crawford:
text: Friends say we app sceptics will download them at a certain age out of desperation. But for now, follow the sound advice of mums and mentors: there’s no rush, relationships don’t define you and you must keep your standards high. Just not Prince Charming high. Carrie Bradshaw will tell you that’s nothing but a fairytale.
ref: 2023 April 1, Maddie Thomas, “Even if you’re ‘on the apps’, it feels pretty hard to meet people these days”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A heterosexual woman's prototypical ideal romantic partner, especially but not necessarily if he embodies common characteristics of the fictional princes, such as being courageous or chivalrous.
Related terms: Mister Right
manufactory
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /manjʊˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /manjəˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /manjʊˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /manjəˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
note: after manufacture
ipa: /manjʊˈfækt͡ʃəɹi/
rhymes: -æktəɹi
Forms: form: manufactories
Etymology: From Latin manūfactus + -ory.
Senses: examples: text: The manufactory of sugar is generally in German hands.
ref: 1873, The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review, page 698:
glosses: A manufacturing process; a particular industry or part of an industry.
examples: text: Smalt from the King of France's porcelain manufactory at Sevres fused into a mass, and resigned its colour.
ref: 1817, The Philosophical Magazine and Journal, journal, Jan 1817
text: We have just changed horses at Birmingham where I was two years ago and we visited the manufactories which are very curious.
ref: 1832, Queen Victoria, journal, 2 Aug 1832
text: The furnaces of the manufactory must be fed.
ref: 2001, Ian Irvine, Geomancer: A Tale of The Three Worlds (The Well of Echoes; 1), London: Orbit, published 2002, →ISBN, page 8:
text: Bradshaw is always ready to talk 'manufactories', and here he confides that the town [Basingstoke] "carried on a rather considerable business in druggets, which has since fallen off".
ref: 2023 June 28, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: Alton to Exeter”, in RAIL, number 986, page 57:
glosses: A plant where something is manufactured; a factory.
manufactory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /manjʊˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /manjəˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /manjʊˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
ipa: /manjəˈfakt(ə)ɹi/
note: after manufacture
ipa: /manjʊˈfækt͡ʃəɹi/
rhymes: -æktəɹi
Etymology: From Latin manūfactus + -ory.
Senses: glosses: Relating to manufacture.
marquetry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɑːkɪtɹi/
Forms: form: marquetries
form: marqueterie
form: marquetery
Etymology: From Middle French marqueterie.
Senses: examples: text: strawen marquetry
text: Wearing a dress in Labour's ruby red, the shadow chancellor joins me at a circular table amid the art deco glamour of Bettys' subterranean Spindler room, which is adorned with numerous stained-wood “marquetry pictures”.
ref: 2023 October 7, Jim Pickard, “It's not government that creates jobs”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 3:
topics: arts
business
carpentry
construction
crafts
hobbies
lifestyle
manufacturing
woodworking
glosses: A decorative technique in which veneers of wood, ivory, metal etc. are inlaid into a wooden surface to form intricate designs.
examples: text: Unkind people asserted that everything in his apartment was for sale and that after he had invited wealthy Americans for an excellent lunch, with vintage wines, one or two of his valuable drawings would disappear, or a marquetry commode would be replaced by one in lacquer.
ref: 1944, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter 1, in The Razor’s Edge […], 1st American edition, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Doran & Co., →OCLC, section ii, page 5:
glosses: An example of this work.
Related terms: intarsia
pigeonholes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪdʒ(ɪ)nhəʊlz/
ipa: /ˈpɪdʒənˌ(h)oʊlz/
Forms: form: pigeon-holes
Etymology: From pigeonhole + -s (suffix forming regular plurals of nouns and pluralia tantum; and third-person singular simple present indicative forms of verbs).
Senses: examples: text: [Godfrey] Speed[well]. […] [H]ave you ſuch gold to give? / [Innocent] Lamb[skin]. Yes, yes, has vvon it betting at the bovvling Alleys, / Or at the Pigeon-holes in the Garden Alleyes.
ref: c. 1610–1614 (date written), William Rowley; [possibly also Thomas Heywood, George Wilkins], A New Wonder, a Woman never Vext. A Pleasant Conceited Comedy: […], London: […] G[eorge] P[urslowe] for Francis Constable, […], published 1632, →OCLC, Act IV, page 52:
topics: games
coordinate_terms: nineholes
glosses: An outdoor game played in the 17th and early 18th centuries in which each player bowls a ball towards targets (probably small compartments).
pigeonholes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪdʒ(ɪ)nhəʊlz/
ipa: /ˈpɪdʒənˌ(h)oʊlz/
Forms: form: pigeon-holes
form: pigeon holes
Etymology: From pigeonhole + -s (suffix forming regular plurals of nouns and pluralia tantum; and third-person singular simple present indicative forms of verbs).
Senses: glosses: plural of pigeonhole
pigeonholes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪdʒ(ɪ)nhəʊlz/
ipa: /ˈpɪdʒənˌ(h)oʊlz/
Forms: form: pigeon-holes
Etymology: From pigeonhole + -s (suffix forming regular plurals of nouns and pluralia tantum; and third-person singular simple present indicative forms of verbs).
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of pigeonhole
Maxiton
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Maxitons
Etymology: Brand name.
Senses: glosses: Amphetamine.
examples: text: This went on for two years. Galuchat was taking more and more Maxitons, to give himself courage to make his round of calls and endure the dealers' snubs. He began to see and hear fleas in the curtains.
ref: 1965, Roger Vailland, A Young Trout, page 203:
text: During the week before the surrender the lieutenant had not stopped taking maxiton pills, which were included with the rations, and had eaten very little proper food.
ref: 1960, Jean Lartéguy, The Centurions, page 35:
glosses: A pill containing amphetamine.
pigeonholed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Categorized, compartmentalized
glosses: Stuck in a predicament due to having behaved in a manner that was too narrow or myopic.
Derived terms: unpigeonholed
pigeonholed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pigeonhole
shinier
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of shiny: more shiny
puddling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: puddlings
Senses: glosses: The action of forming a puddle.
glosses: The process of working clay, loam, pulverized ore, etc., with water, to render it compact, or impervious to liquids.
qualifier: canal engineering
glosses: The act of lining a canal with puddle to make it watertight.
topics: engineering
metallurgy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The first true industrial process to produce steel from pig iron.
glosses: A group of mallards (ducks).
glosses: A behaviour in which animals like butterflies seek out moist substances to obtain nutrients.
puddling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of puddle
puddled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of puddle
pudenda
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: pyo͝odĕnʹdə
enpr: pyo͞odĕnʹdə
ipa: /pjʊˈdɛndə/
ipa: /pjuːˈdɛndə/
Senses: glosses: plural of pudendum
pudginess
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pudgy + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: His pudginess made it difficult for him to button his pants in the morning.
glosses: The state or quality of being pudgy.
puffiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: puffinesses
Etymology: From puffy + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The puffiness under her eyes made her look older than she really was.
glosses: The state or quality of being puffy.
pugnaciously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more pugnaciously
form: most pugnaciously
Etymology: From pugnacious + -ly. Attested since the early 19th century.
Senses: examples: text: Moreover, in using it he waggled his scalp at her in a way that made his crest of hair bristle up pugnaciously, as if proposing combat with her on the spot.
ref: 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 62:
glosses: In an aggressive or combative manner.
Related terms: pugnacious
pugnaciousness
pugnacity
pugnaciousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pugnacious + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The pugnaciousness and jingoism that arose in the wake of Brexit normalised politics-by-separatism and a kind of permanent contempt for the people who didn’t vote for you.
ref: 2025 October 6, Nesrine Malik, “Don’t despair, Tories: look upon Reform and see your rightful and fitting legacy”, in The Guardian:
glosses: The act or quality of being pugnacious.
Synonyms: aggressiveness
combativeness
pugnacity
Related terms: pugnacious
pugnaciously
pugnacity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pʌɡˈnæsəti/
Forms: form: pugnacities
Etymology: From pugnac(ious) + -ity, from Latin pugnacitas.
Senses: examples: text: His sister is out front, cleaning her gun with that intimidating pugnacity that has most of the men in town keeping well clear of her.
ref: 2022, Adrian Tchaikovsky, Children of Memory, Tor, page 119:
glosses: The act or characteristic of being aggressive or combative.
Synonyms: pugnaciousness
Related terms: pugnacious
pugnaciously
shiniest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of shiny: most shiny
neurodiversity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌnjʊəɹə(ʊ)daɪˈvɜːsɪti/
ipa: /-dɪ-/
ipa: /ˌn(j)ʊɹoʊˌdaɪˈvɝsəti/
ipa: /-də-/
ipa: [-ɾi]
Forms: form: neurodiversities
Etymology: From neuro- (prefix denoting the nervous system) + diversity, coined by the Australian sociologist Judy Singer (born 1951) in her Bachelor of Arts dissertation (1998), and popularized by Harvey Blume in The Atlantic in September 1998: see the quotations.
Senses: examples: text: For me, the significance of the "Autistic Spectrum" lies in its call for and anticipation of a "Politics of Neurodiversity". […] The rise of Neurodiversity takes postmodern fragmentation one step further.
ref: 1998, Judy Singer, “What is the Autistic Spectrum?”, in Odd People In: The Birth of a Community amongst People on the ‘Autistic Spectrum’: A Personal Exploration Based on Neurological Diversity (unpublished B.A. (Social Science) dissertation), Sydney, N.S.W.: Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, University of Technology Sydney, archived from the original on 25 Mar 2023, pages 13–14:
text: Neurodiversity may be every bit as crucial for the human race as biodiversity is for life in general. Who can say what form of wiring will prove best at any given moment? Cybernetics and computer culture, for example, may favor a somewhat autistic cast of mind.
ref: 1998 September, Harvey Blume, “Neurodiversity: On the Neurological Underpinnings of Geekdom”, in William Whitworth, editor, The Atlantic, Washington, D.C.: The Atlantic Monthly Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 05 Feb 2023:
text: The Neurodiversity movement is progressing towards an acceptance in mainstream business. Neurodiversity inclusion is increasingly likely to be present in EDI [equality, diversity, and inclusion] policies alongside gender, race and LGBTQIA+ in many leading industries (though I note that disability more broadly is lagging behind).
ref: 2021 October 14, Nancy Doyle, “Neurodiversity is Not a Pollyanna Concept: Judy Singer Says Get Realistic”, in Forbes, New York, N.Y.: Forbes, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 22 Nov 2021:
glosses: The variety of configurations of the brain, especially with regard to autism.
wikipedia: BBC Online
The Atlantic
Related terms: word: aneurotypical
word: neuroatypical
word: neuroatypicality
word: neurodivergence
word: neurodivergent
word: neurodiverse
word: neurodiversity-affirming
word: neuronormative
word: neurotypical
word: neurotypicality
Samsun
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Turkish Samsun, from Ottoman Turkish صامسون (Samsun).
Senses: glosses: A province and metropolitan municipality in northern Turkey, on the Black Sea coast.
glosses: A city, the capital of Samsun Province, Turkey.
preshrank
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past of preshrink
preshrunk
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: past participle of preshrink
preshrinks
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of preshrink
preshrink
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: preshrinks
form: preshrinking
form: preshrank
form: preshrunk
form: preshrunk
form: preshrunken
Etymology: From pre- + shrink.
Senses: glosses: To shrink in advance, before sale, in order to ensure better fit.
raw_tags: of clothing
presidia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of presidium
pressured
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pressure
life preserver
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: life preservers
form: life-preserver
form: lifepreserver
Senses: synonyms: word: life buoy
glosses: A buoyant ring or vest intended to keep a person afloat.
examples: text: Here's your crowbar / And your centre-bit; / Your life-preserver— / You may want to hit!
ref: 1879, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, composer, “With Cat-Like Tread”, in The Pirates of Penzance […], Philadelphia: J.M. Stoddart & Co., published 1880, →OCLC, page 34:
text: But when I gave him every particular that had occurred, he tried to bluster, and took down a life-preserver from the wall. I knew my man, however, and I clapped a pistol to his head before he could strike.
ref: 1892 [May], A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. XI.—The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet.”, in Geo[rge] Newnes, editor, The Strand Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly, volume III (January to June), number [17], London: George Newnes, Limited, […], page 525, column 1:
glosses: A short club with a weighted end.
examples: text: In such cases, the story is told to illustrate some main truth, which, in this case, is the beer-drinking habit of the people. By this faith, that beer is a life preserver, the English live, and by this they die.
ref: 1838 November 24, “Sedgwick’s Public and Private Economy”, in The Spectator, number 543, London, page 1119, column 1:
text: Drink as a Life Preserver.—A report on the inquiry into the connection of disease with habits of intemperance, prepared by Dr. Isambard Owen, secretary of the investigation committee of the British Medical Association, gives some startling statistics for temperance people. Particulars have been obtained by the committee of 4234 cases of deceased lives, aged 25 and upwards, in which the habits of the person in regard to alcohol were recorded in five classes—total abstainers, habitually temperate, careless drinkers, free drinkers, and decidedly intemperate.
ref: 1888 October 5, “Statistics vs. Statistics”, in The Baltimore Underwriter: A Semi-Monthly Journal Devoted to the Interests of Insurance in All Its Branches, volume XL, Baltimore, Md.: Charles C. Bombaugh, […], page 152, column 1:
text: In a very similar way, in the early, barbarous, unsanitary condition of society, alcohol obtained credit as a life preserver which was not merited by any virtues the drug itself possessed.
ref: 1918, Temperance, volumes IX–XI, New York, N.Y.: The Church Temperance Society, page 5:
text: Sleep a Life Preserver / During sleep the pulse is slowed and all the life processes slackened to a pronounced degree. The winter sleep of plants and of hibernating animals no doubt greatly contributes to their life duration.
ref: 1919, J[ohn] H[arvey] Kellogg, editor, Good Health, volume LIV, Battle Creek, Mich.: […] [T]he Good Health Publishing Company, page 379:
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see life, preserver.
Related terms: life belt
life jacket
rubber ring
life preservers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of life preserver
pressurization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pressurizations
form: pressurisation
Etymology: From pressure + -ization.
Senses: antonyms: depressurization
glosses: The act or process of increasing pressure within a volume of space.
Related terms: pressurize
pressurisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pressurisations
form: pressurization
Etymology: From pressurise + -ation.
Senses: glosses: The act or process of increasing pressure within a space.
Related terms: pressurise
pressurizer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pressurizers
Etymology: From pressurize + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person or thing that pressurizes.
pressurizers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pressurizer
presumable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From presume + -able.
Senses: examples: text: The chapter that troubles me is the one on "Straight Men, Gay Fantasies." The presumable criterion for including fantasies in this chapter is that the men do not identify themselves as gay, but usually it is because they are struggling with the idea of a "gay identity" and what it might mean to them to declare themselves as gay, in conflict with society's dictates.
ref: 1981 February 14, Gary Ralph, “Shake 'N' Bake Sexology”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 29, page 16:
text: This is evidence in favor of a pre-Roman language affiliation between Sardinia and southern continental Europe. A similar suffix -αρ- has also been identified in presumable pre-Greek words.
ref: 2025, Cid Swanenvleugel, The Pre-Roman Elements of the Sardinian Lexicon, page 449:
glosses: Capable of being presumed, or being presumed as such.
Related terms: presumably
presume
presumption
pretax
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pre-tax
Etymology: From pre- + tax.
Senses: examples: text: But you wouldn't just owe tax on the funds you're converting; you'd also have to take the pretax contributions and gains in all your non-Roth IRAs into account.
ref: 2012 July 31, Walter Updegrave, “'Should I convert my IRA into a Roth?'”, in CNN Money:
glosses: Before the payment of taxes.
pretax
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pretaxes
form: pretaxing
form: pretaxed
form: pretaxed
form: pre-tax
Etymology: From pre- + tax.
Senses: examples: text: It is the motion that says let us rescind this part that pretaxes breaking the law or that causes me to pay the penalty for other people breaking the law . Let us rescind that. If all members vote in favour of that it will pass and we […]
ref: 1997, Canada. Parliament. House of Commons, House of Commons Debates, Official Report:
text: Although cash flows arising after the sale to the nonprofit are not taxed when they arise, that result is perfectly appropriate because the cash flows were pretaxed (in expected present value) at the time of the sale.
ref: 2012, Alan D. Viard, Robert Carroll, Progressive Consumption Taxation: The X-Tax Revisited, page 149:
glosses: To tax before the action being taxed occurs.
preterm
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + term.
Senses: glosses: Of a premature birth or baby.
preterm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: preterms
Etymology: From pre- + term.
Senses: glosses: A premature birth or baby.
pretest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: prēʹtĕst
ipa: /ˈpɹiːtɛst/
rhymes: -iːtɛst
enpr: prē-tĕstʹ
ipa: /pɹiːˈtɛst/
rhymes: -ɛst
Etymology: From pre- + test.
Senses: examples: text: “Just popped an Addie, so I’m good to go” — this sort of pretest attitude has become pervasive. Conversations with several students suggested Adderall was always available, costing from $2 to $5 a pill.
ref: 2013 March 4, Roger Cohen, “The Competition Drug”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Prior to taking a test.
pretest
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: prēʹtĕst
ipa: /ˈpɹiːtɛst/
rhymes: -iːtɛst
enpr: prē-tĕstʹ
ipa: /pɹiːˈtɛst/
rhymes: -ɛst
Forms: form: pretests
Etymology: From pre- + test.
Senses: glosses: A preliminary test, given in advance of instruction or evaluation.
Synonyms: foretest
pretest
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: prēʹtĕst
ipa: /ˈpɹiːtɛst/
rhymes: -iːtɛst
enpr: prē-tĕstʹ
ipa: /pɹiːˈtɛst/
rhymes: -ɛst
Forms: form: pretests
form: pretesting
form: pretested
form: pretested
Etymology: From pre- + test.
Senses: glosses: To administer a pretest to.
glosses: To carry out a pretest.
pretests
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pretest
pretrial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /pɹɪˈtɹaɪəl/
Forms: form: pre-trial
Etymology: From pre- + trial.
Senses: glosses: Pertaining to a preliminary trial.
examples: text: “A Navy Sailor has been placed in pretrial confinement in connection with the death of Seaman Resendiz. Charges under the Uniform Code of Military Justice are pending,” NCIS told CNN in a statement Thursday.
ref: 2025 June 13, Rosa Flores, “Missing Navy sailor found dead in Virginia, another sailor in custody”, in CNN:
glosses: Before a trial.
pretrial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /pɹɪˈtɹaɪəl/
Forms: form: pretrials
form: pre-trial
Etymology: From pre- + trial.
Senses: examples: text: As a result, another pretrial review was to be held on 17 February.
topics: law
glosses: A preliminary trial held in advance of a court trial.
prevaricator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prevaricators
Etymology: From prevaricate + -or or Latin praevaricator: compare French prévaricateur.
Senses: examples: text: It was evident he took me for a perfectly shameless prevaricator.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 214:
glosses: One who prevaricates.
glosses: An orator at the University of Cambridge fulfilling a similar function to the terrae filius at Oxford.
prevaricators
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of prevaricator
preventible
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From prevent + -ible.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of preventable.
preventible
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: preventibles
Etymology: From prevent + -ible.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of preventable.
preservationist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: preservationists
Etymology: From preservation + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: Thanks to cheap storage and easy copying, our digital souls have the potential to be truly immortal. But do we really want everything we’ve done online – offhand comments, camera-phone snaps or embarrassing surfing habits – to be preserved for posterity? One school of thought, the “preservationists”, believes we owe it to our descendants.
ref: 2011 April 19, Sumit Paul-Choudhury, “Digital legacy: The fate of your online soul”, in NewScientist:
text: Last, but very much not least, are the portals of the Ffestiniog Railway's Moelwyn Tunnel. The tunnel's story itself is well told - it was part of the preservationists' deviation required to get around a reservoir that had flooded the earlier route. But the reason for its inclusion here is that it is probably the most recently constructed, properly architected tunnel portal in Britain.
ref: 2020 August 26, Tim Dunn, “Great railway bores of our time!”, in Rail, pages 48–49:
glosses: A person who advocates for the preservation of natural or man-made landmarks.
Related terms: preservation
preservationism
preservationists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of preservationist
preservable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From preserve + -able.
Senses: glosses: Capable of being preserved.
Derived terms: cryopreservable
unpreservable
priers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of prier
pryer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pryers
form: prier
Etymology: From pry + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person who pries; a pry.
pryers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pryer
prickliness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈpɹɪklɪnəs/
Forms: form: pricklinesses
Etymology: From prickly + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: The sharp prickliness of its finnes.
ref: 1661, J. Childrey, Brit. Baconica, page 105:
text: A Thistle…assuming a new Form, and without any prickliness.
ref: 1725, Bradley, Fam. Dict., volume II, s.v. Presage:
text: Closer inspection disclosed the furious and impossible prickliness of their surface.
ref: 1878 August 15th, A. Forbes, Daily News, page 6/2:
glosses: The state or quality of being prickly.
printable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈprɪntəbl/
Etymology: From print + -able.
Senses: examples: text: Text is searchable, sortable, copyable, pastable, printable and forwardable.
ref: 2007 February 15, David Pogue, “Freedom for Prisoners of Voice Mail”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Worthy or capable of being printed.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of a text character: having a visual representation, unlike the control characters.
Synonyms: sense: worthy of being printed
word: printworthy
Derived terms: printableness
Related terms: printability
printable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈprɪntəbl/
Forms: form: printables
Etymology: From print + -able.
Senses: examples: text: If you want to dip into the world of printables, it may be wise to begin your experiments alongside an enthusiastic hobbyist or professional who can guide you.
ref: 2013 June 19, Amy O’Leary, “3-D Printers to Make Things You Need or Like”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A digital image or file meant to be printed on paper.
prideful
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹʌɪdfəl/
Forms: form: more prideful
form: most prideful
Etymology: From Middle English pridefulle, prydefull, equivalent to pride + -ful.
Senses: examples: text: The man is ill-tempered, envious, and above all prideful.
ref: 2000 August 8, George R[aymond] R[ichard] Martin, “Catelyn [Stark]”, in A Storm of Swords (A Song of Ice and Fire; 3), London: Voyager, →ISBN, page 393:
synonyms: arrogant
disdainful
haughty
glosses: Full of pride.
examples: text: Where is the candle choice? the curtained charm? / Where each accompaniment we would espy? / The ever-wanted change, all clean and dry, / The wholesome gearing of the tiny form? / The father prideful as the scene reveals? / And the fond mother smiling as she feels?
ref: 1841 February, One of the People [pseudonym], “The Palace-Mother. […]”, in Tait’s Edinburgh Magazine for 1841, volume VIII, number LXXXVI, Edinburgh: William Tait, […], →OCLC, page 110, column 1:
text: But, like Dad, I had certain standards that I lived by. Whatever I did, I determined to do the best I could at it. I was prideful about keeping my word and starting what I finished.
ref: 1985, Chuck Yeager, Leo Janos, “Starting from Scratch”, in Yeager: An Autobiography, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 9:
text: When the English fascist Oswald Mosley’s gangs marched through the Jewish East End of London in 1936, they shouted, “Down with the Yids.” Throughout history, plenty of other Jew haters have used the term in exactly this fashion. But Tottenham fans actually apply the moniker to themselves in a complimentary, prideful way.
ref: 2004, Franklin Foer, “How Soccer Explains the Jewish Question”, in How Soccer Explains the World: An Unlikely Theory of Globalization, New York, N.Y.: HarperCollins, →ISBN, page 78:
glosses: Taking pride in something.
pridefully
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more pridefully
form: most pridefully
Etymology: From prideful + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a prideful or haughty manner.
priestliness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From priestly + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: My lords have chosen the happier part with Paul / And neither marry nor burn,—yet priestliness / Can find a parallel to the marriage-bond / In its own blessed special ordinance / Whereof indeed was marriage made the type: […]
ref: 1868, Robert Browning, “V. Count Guido Franceschini.”, in The Ring and the Book. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., →OCLC, pages 103–104, lines 723–727:
glosses: The quality or state of being like a priest.
Related terms: priesthood
priestship
priestly
megamillion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: megamillions
Etymology: From mega- + million.
Senses: glosses: A great number of millions.
Related terms: million
megamillionaire
supermillion
supermillionaire
multimillion
multimillionaire
billion
billionaire
priggishness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: priggishnesses
Etymology: From priggish + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being priggish.
Synonyms: prigdom
priggery
priggism
order out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: orders out
form: ordering out
form: ordered out
form: ordered out
Senses: synonyms: order in
glosses: To call a place of service and order food, or other goods, delivered to one's own location.
piggyback
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: piggy-back
form: piggy back
Etymology: A corruption of pickaback, itself a corruption of pick-pack, like a pack.
Senses: examples: text: give someone a piggyback ride
glosses: On somebody's back or shoulders.
examples: text: A Montreal-Toronto "Piggyback" freight of the Canadian Pacific.
ref: 1959 November, J. N. Westwood, “The Railways of Canada”, in Trains Illustrated, page 554, photo caption:
text: What might be termed the psychological break-through for U.S. piggyback came in 1953-54. A prototype 75-foot piggyback flatcar was built, establishing the precedent for today's standard car with a capacity for two road trailers.
ref: 1960 November, David Morgan, “"Piggyback"—U.S. success story”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 681–682:
text: Until this time the railroads had favored piggyback services […]
ref: 1985, John H. Mahoney, Intermodal Freight Transportation:
glosses: Pertaining to transportation of goods where one transportation unit is carried on the back of something else. For example, a truck on a train.
examples: text: piggyback legislation
glosses: Attached or appended to something larger or more important.
Related terms: TOFC
piggyback
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: piggy-back
form: piggy back
Etymology: A corruption of pickaback, itself a corruption of pick-pack, like a pack.
Senses: examples: text: to ride piggyback
glosses: On somebody's back or shoulders.
Synonyms: sense: on somebody's back or shoulders
english: some US dialects
translation: some US dialects
word: pooseback
piggyback
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: piggybacks
form: piggybacking
form: piggybacked
form: piggybacked
form: piggy-back
form: piggy back
Etymology: A corruption of pickaback, itself a corruption of pick-pack, like a pack.
Senses: glosses: To carry (someone) on the back or shoulders.
glosses: To ride on someone's back or shoulders.
examples: text: They tried to piggyback that proposal on the rivers and harbors bill.
text: The popular host can’t claim credit for the trade, though. The idea wasn’t his. He piggybacked off another successful investor who had a history of picking winners.
text: Allen Gregory DeLongpre: Pat, I gotta tell you, you did a lot of things right with this lunch―kudos. You got back quickly, you showed initiative, and, best of all, you left plenty of room for improvement. Piggybacking on that last part, the ugly business of the critique.
ref: 2011 Allen Gregory, "1 Night in Gottlieb" (season 1, episode 2)
text: [...] having crossed the river, the District again became entwined with the London & South Western Railway. In fact, the District would go from East Putney to Wimbledon by piggybacking on to a branch line of that railway, and sometimes overground trains still use the branch as a relief route between Wimbledon and Clapham Common.
ref: 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 81:
text: But while carrying passengers for recreation is one thing, ferrying bona fide commuters in and out of the UK's third largest city is quite another. Yet that is exactly what Rossendale Borough Council (RBC) wants to do, by piggybacking onto the preserved railway's operations.
ref: 2023 March 22, Nick Brodrick, “Back to the future on the East Lancs?”, in RAIL, number 979, page 44:
glosses: To attach or append something to another (usually larger) object or event.
glosses: To obtain a wireless internet connection by bringing one's own computer within the range of another's wireless connection without that subscriber's permission or knowledge.
glosses: To utilize "last-mile" wiring rented from a larger owner ISP by a smaller ISP.
examples: text: American railroads are not permitted to operate long-haul road routes, but the I.C.C. decision of 1954 did permit them to solicit trailer business in, say, New York for Chicago provided the trailer was piggybacked in between.
ref: 1960 November, David Morgan, “"Piggyback"—U.S. success story”, in Trains Illustrated, page 683:
glosses: To transport (a lorry/truck) on a flatbed railway wagon.
examples: text: Okay, when someone accesses a door with a card key, anyone additional who comes in with them is piggy-backing on their access, like someone riding piggy-back. Get it?
glosses: To enter a secured area at the same time along with (someone having authorized access); to tailgate.
piggyback
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: piggybacks
form: piggy-back
form: piggy back
Etymology: A corruption of pickaback, itself a corruption of pick-pack, like a pack.
Senses: glosses: A ride on somebody's back or shoulders.
examples: text: The growth is taken for granted; what absorbs Americans today is the implication of piggyback for gross revenues and, more important, net profits.
ref: 1960 November, David Morgan, “"Piggyback"—U.S. success story”, in Trains Illustrated, page 683:
text: The GOP had done its homework prior to bargaining for these piggybacks.
ref: 2000, Craig Allen, Eisenhower and the Mass Media: Peace, Prosperity, and Prime-time TV:
glosses: An act or instance of piggybacking.
examples: text: Piggyback medications are given through a port of an existing intravenous site. […] Calculation of the drip rate for piggybacks is the same as any other drip rate.
ref: 1989, Alice J. Smith, Dosage and Solutions Calculations: The Dimensional Analysis Way, page 258:
text: Certain IV drugs, whether given by piggyback or through a metered-dose infusion set, may be incompatible with an existing continuous IV infusion.
ref: 2009, Diane S. Aschenbrenner, Samantha J. Venable, Drug Therapy in Nursing, page 34:
topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: IVPB
glosses: The connection of one intravenous drip to another.
Derived terms: birdyback
fishyback
piggybacker
piggyback plant
piggyback tax
Related terms: piggyBac
fireman's carry
tilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tilias
Etymology: From the genus name.
Senses: glosses: Any tree of the linden genus Tilia.
ravier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: raviers
Etymology: From French ravier.
Senses: glosses: A trolley used for food selection in restaurants or cafes.
glosses: A small dish in which hors d'oeuvres are served.
shrank
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: shrăngk
ipa: /ʃɹæŋk/
rhymes: -æŋk
Etymology: See shrink
Senses: glosses: simple past of shrink
shrank
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: shrăngk
ipa: /ʃɹæŋk/
rhymes: -æŋk
Forms: form: shranks
form: schrank
Etymology: From Pennsylvania German; cognate to German Schrank.
Senses: glosses: A large highly decorative German/Dutch-style piece of furniture, which combines aspects of a clothing wardrobe, curio, and cabinet.
Susheela
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Sushila
Etymology: From Sanskrit सुशीला (suśīlā).
Senses: glosses: A female given name from Sanskrit used in India.
fajitas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of fajita
femaleness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈfiːmeɪlnɪs/
Forms: form: femalenesses
Etymology: From female + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: In hunting or agrarian societies dependent upon nature, femaleness was honored as an immanent principle of fertility.
ref: 1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:
glosses: The characteristic, state or condition of being female.
Synonyms: feminineness
femininity
Coordinate terms: maleness
flabbiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: flabbinesses
Etymology: From flabby + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: April 1891, Robert Louis Stevenson, letter to Edmund Goose
There were two, or perhaps three, flabbinesses of style which (in your work) amazed me. Am I right in thinking you were a shade bored over the last chapters?
text: Woona had silently and swiftly backed away; and her ebon face, Ursula saw, had changed into leaden flabbiness with some horrible fear.
ref: 1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 279:
glosses: The characteristic or quality of being flabby
flakiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: flakinesses
form: flakeyness
Etymology: From flaky + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being flaky.
flat-chested
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: flatter-chested
form: more flat-chested
form: flattest-chested
form: most flat-chested
form: flatchested
Senses: examples: text: Richard Young told him he could never truly love a flat-chested woman, no matter how kind she might be to him.
ref: 2002, Zadie Smith, The Autograph Man, Penguin Books (2003), page 250:
glosses: Having a flat chest; having small breasts.
raw_tags: of a girl or woman
Synonyms: word: breastless
word: chestless
word: flat
word: flat-chested
Hypernyms: word: scrawny
word: slender
word: thin
Derived terms: flat-chestedness
floppiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From floppy + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being floppy
fluffiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fluffinesses
Etymology: From fluffy + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: For five minutes Pollyanna worked swiftly, deftly, combing a refractory curl into fluffiness, perking up a drooping ruffle at the neck, or shaking a pillow into plumpness so that the head might have a better pose. Meanwhile the sick woman, frowning prodigiously, and openly scoffing at the whole procedure, was, in spite of herself, beginning to tingle with a feeling perilously near to excitement.
ref: 1913, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter 8, in Pollyanna, L.C. Page, →OCLC:
glosses: The characteristic or quality of being fluffy.
foaminess
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From foamy + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being foamy.
fogginess
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fogginesses
Etymology: From foggy + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being foggy
foppishness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: foppishnesses
Etymology: From foppish + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being foppish.
forcefulness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɔː(ɹ)sfəlnəs/
Forms: form: forcefulnesses
Etymology: From forceful + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being forceful
forthrightness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Middle English forthrightnesse, forþriȝtnesse, equivalent to forthright + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being forthright
foxiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From foxy + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The characteristic or quality of being foxy.