cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
etendue
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌeɪ.tɒnˈd(j)uː/
ipa: /ˌeɪ.tɑnˈdu/
rhymes: -uː
Forms: form: étendue
Etymology: Borrowed from French étendue (“area, expanse; size; extent, range, scale”), short for étendue géométrique (“geometric extent”).
Senses: examples: text: The topics include […] carefully outlining the concepts of etendue, finesse, and their theoretical implications; methods of spectral, spatial, temporal, and polarization discrimination; and application of these topics to search and track systems.
ref: 1966, “Advanced Infrared Technology [course title]”, in The University of Michigan Engineering Summer Conferences: Fundamentals of Infrared Technology, June 6–10, 1966; Advanced Infrared Technology, June 27 – July 1, 1966; Precision Radiometry – Calibration and Instrumentation, June 27 – July 1, 1966: Three Intensive One-week Courses for: Engineers, Scientists (University of Michigan Official Publication), volume 67, number 115, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, →OCLC:
text: The light power transmitted to the detector is proportional to the product of the solid angle #92;mathit#123;#92;Omega#125; and area A in the central plane, which is imaged by the lens onto the aperture (often called the étendue U).
ref: 2003, Wolfgang Demtröder, “Spectroscopic Instrumentation”, in Laser Spectroscopy: Basic Concepts and Instrumentation (Advanced Texts in Physics), 3rd edition, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 149:
text: Etendue is an optical invariant and is called by many different names. One of the names is "light-gathering power." As implied by this terminology, when light enters an optical system with smaller etendue from another optical system with larger etendue, the former optical system fails to transmit some part of the light. […] Therefore, a given EUV [extreme ultraviolet] power with a larger etendue than that of the requirement is substantially equivalent to a smaller EUV power with the etendue of the requirement.
ref: 2006, Kazuya Ota, Yukata Watanabe, Vadim Banine, Hans Franken, “EUV Source Requirements for EUV Lithography”, in Vivek Bakshi, editor, EUV Sources for Lithography, Bellingham, Wash.: SPIE Press, →ISBN, section 2.2.6 (Etendue of Source Output and Positioning Stability), pages 36–37:
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
optics
physical-sciences
physics
synonyms: AΩ product
acceptance
geometric extent
light-collecting power
light-gathering power
light grasp
optical extent
throughput
glosses: A conserved property of the light in an optical system which characterizes how "spread out" the light is in terms of angle and area: it is the product of its cross-sectional area (normal to the direction of propagation) and the solid angle it subtends.
philoprogenitive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more philoprogenitive
form: most philoprogenitive
Etymology: From philo- + progenitive.
Senses: examples: text: The police mess had formerly been a maternity home for the wives of the Sultans of the state. Faded and tatty, peeling, floorboards eaten and unpolished, its philoprogenitive glory was a memory only.
ref: 1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 20:
glosses: Prolific, or producing many offspring.
glosses: Loving one's offspring.
Derived terms: philoprogenitively
philoprogenitiveness
polyphiloprogenitive
unphiloprogenitive
solid angle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: solid angles
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: The three-dimensional analog of an angle, equivalent to the area of that portion of the surface of a unit sphere that it subtends.
Related terms: steradian
square degree
steeplechase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstiːpəltʃeɪs/
Forms: form: steeplechases
Etymology: Compound of steeple + chase, from horse races in 18th century Ireland in which orientation of the course was by reference to a church steeple.
Senses: topics: equestrianism
hobbies
horses
lifestyle
pets
sports
glosses: A horse race, either across open country, or over an obstacle course.
topics: athletics
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: An athletics event in which the runners have to run 3000 metres round a track, jumping hurdles and a water obstacle along the way.
Derived terms: steeplechaser
Related terms: Grand National
steeplechase
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstiːpəltʃeɪs/
Forms: form: steeplechases
form: steeplechasing
form: steeplechased
form: steeplechased
Etymology: Compound of steeple + chase, from horse races in 18th century Ireland in which orientation of the course was by reference to a church steeple.
Senses: glosses: To take part in a steeplechase event.
Grand National
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: The premier steeplechase (horse race over fences) in the United Kingdom
prelate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛlət/
rhymes: -ɛlət
Forms: form: prelates
Etymology: From Old French prelat (French prélat), from Medieval Latin praelātus, perfect passive participle of praeferō (“to carry before, prefer, exceed”), see -ate (noun-forming suffix). Doublet of prefer. See also infer, relate and refer, delate and defer, as well as collate and confer among others.
Senses: examples: text: Hear him but reason in divinity, […] / You would desire the king were made a prelate.
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
text: ’Tis acknowledg’d on all hands, ſays that learned Prelate, that the Authority, either of the Scripture or of Tradition, is founded merely on the Teſtimony of the Apoſtles, who were Eye-witneſſes to thoſe Miracles of our Saviour, by which he prov’d his divine Miſſion.
ref: 1748, [David Hume], “Essay X. Of Miracles”, in Philosophical Essays Concerning Human Understanding, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, part I, page 173:
text: Inthronization, in ancient times, immediately succeeded the rite of consecration; the new bishop being honourably placed in his episcopal chair by the prelates assembled for his consecration.
ref: 1845, William Palmer, Origines Liturgicae, or, Antiquities of the English Ritual: And a Dissertation on Primitive Liturgies, 4th edition, volume 2, London: Francis & John Rivington, →OCLC, page 310:
text: The day before, Cardinal Burke and other traditionalist prelates made public an exchange of letters with Francis in which they aired grave doubts about the legitimacy of a major assembly of the world’s bishops and laypeople that will, on Wednesday, begin discussing some of the most sensitive topics in the church.
ref: 2023 October 3, Jason Horowitz, “Conservative Catholics, Relegated to Sidelines, Denounce Papal Gathering”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
hypernyms: cleric
glosses: A clergyman of high rank and authority, having jurisdiction over an area or a group of people; normally a bishop.
Derived terms: prelateship
prelatess
prelatic
prelatical
prelatise
prelatist
prelatize
prelatry
Related terms: Opus Dei
Personal Prelate
prefer
preference
preferred
prelacy
prelatial
prelation
prelature
prelate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛlət/
rhymes: -ɛlət
Forms: form: prelates
form: prelating
form: prelated
form: prelated
Etymology: From Old French prelat (French prélat), from Medieval Latin praelātus, perfect passive participle of praeferō (“to carry before, prefer, exceed”), see -ate (noun-forming suffix). Doublet of prefer. See also infer, relate and refer, delate and defer, as well as collate and confer among others.
Senses: examples: 18 January 1549, Hugh Latimer, Sermon of the Plough
Right prelating is busy labouring, and not lording.
glosses: (obsolete) To act as a prelate.
Opus Dei
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Latin opus deī (literally “work of god”).
Senses: examples: text: Prevost moved up the ranks of the local church whose bishops were split between leftists, heavily influenced by Latin America's liberation theology, and arch-conservatives with close ties to Opus Dei.
ref: 2025 May 10, “Chicagoan pope not afraid of speaking truth to power in US”, in FT Weekend, page 3:
topics: Catholicism
Christianity
Roman-Catholicism
glosses: The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic organization composed of a prelate, secular clergy and lay people, whose mission is to spread the Catholic teaching that everyone is called to become a saint; its lay members, men and women, engage in the affairs of the world and seek to direct them "according to God's will".
prelacy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prelacies
Senses: glosses: The office of a prelate.
glosses: The prelature; prelates considered as a group.
glosses: A church government or organisation administered by prelates.
push poll
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: push polls
form: push-poll
Etymology: From push (“to sell or promote”) + poll (“survey”). Also references pull, the opposite of push.
Senses: examples: text: The local paper has just released the results of what can only be described as a push poll. The pollsters fed numerous cherry-picked data points and statistics to respondents before asking their opinions on newly proposed government policies. There can be no doubt that the results would have been different had those interviewed not been led to the conclusions the pollsters wanted.
glosses: An opinion poll designed to produce specific results and promote a certain narrative by influencing the views of respondents.
push poll
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: push polls
form: push polling
form: push polled
form: push polled
form: push-poll
Etymology: From push (“to sell or promote”) + poll (“survey”). Also references pull, the opposite of push.
Senses: examples: text: He was push polling, shaping opinion, manipulating as much as measuring.
ref: 2003, Chris Benson, Special Interest, →ISBN, page 15:
text: The questions asked by a pollster who is push polling are designed more to implant negative information than to find out how the voter actually feels.
ref: 2006, Deborah Phillips, Longman preparation course for the TOEFL test, →ISBN, page 578:
text: First, whenever candidates are upset with the polling strategies of their opponents, they seem to immediately allege that their opponents are push polling, but do not seem to completely understand exactly what a push poll is.
ref: 2012, Michael A. Genovese, Matthew J. Streb, Polls and Politics: The Dilemmas of Democracy, →ISBN, page 105:
glosses: To conduct a push poll or make use of push polls as a campaign or marketing technique.
nymphomaniac
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɪmfoʊ ˈmeɪniæk/
rhymes: -eɪniæk
Forms: form: nymphomaniacs
Etymology: From nymphomania + -ac; by surface analysis, nympho- + -maniac.
Senses: examples: text: Xenia's such a nymphomaniac that she's not even satisfied with three lovers.
synonyms: nympho
glosses: A woman with an excessive libido.
nymphomaniac
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɪmfoʊ ˈmeɪniæk/
rhymes: -eɪniæk
Forms: form: more nymphomaniac
form: most nymphomaniac
Etymology: From nymphomania + -ac; by surface analysis, nympho- + -maniac.
Senses: glosses: Having an excessive libido.
raw_tags: of a woman
Synonyms: nymphomaniacal
Related terms: nymphomania
hypersexuality
satyromaniac
demythologize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: demythologizes
form: demythologizing
form: demythologized
form: demythologized
form: demythologise
Etymology: From de- + mythologize.
Senses: examples: text: Archaeological evidence has demythologized some parts of the Bible.
text: [commentating on "mother of all the living" in Gen. 3:20] A similar phrase is used to describe the mother goddess in ancient Near Eastern mythology. Here the image has been demythologized. It simply expresses the biblical concepts of one human race and of woman's primary role--motherhood.
ref: 2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 23:
text: However, the notion that an originally “mythological” figure has been “depotentized”, then variously “repotentized” or further “demythologized” by later, dependent authors, though the “mythological” understanding finally prevailed in later Jewish literature, does not sound entirely convincing.
ref: 2012, Rebecca S. Watson, Chaos Uncreated:
glosses: To remove the mythological elements of.
Synonyms: demyth
Derived terms: demythologizer
Related terms: demythologization
mythological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: mĭthəlŏj'ĭkəl
ipa: /ˌmɪθəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/
Etymology: From mythology + -ical.
Senses: examples: text: In short—to be mythological in my conclusion—the quiver of Cupid hangs at the girdle of Fate together with her spindle and scissors.
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter V, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 89:
glosses: Of, or relating to myths or mythology.
glosses: Legendary.
glosses: Imaginary.
Derived terms: geomythological
mythologically
neomythological
neuromythological
nonmythological
postmythological
premythological
pseudomythological
semimythological
sociomythological
unmythological
Related terms: mythical
underlying
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: By surface analysis, underlie + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: We dug down to the underlying rock.
text: Old Yew, which graspest at the stones
⁠That name the under-lying dead,
⁠Thy fibres net the dreamless head,
Thy roots are wrapt about the bones.
ref: 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto II”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:
text: During the track renewals, advantage was taken to redrain the area and the old spent ballast was removed down to the underlying rock, new ballast and drains being provided throughout.
ref: 1950 January, “Re-Signalling at Liverpool Lime Street Station”, in Railway Magazine, page 43:
text: Sometimes, the underlying layers are exposed by erosion, revealing the story of the rocks like an open book.
ref: 2012, Chinle Miller, In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Kindle edition:
qualifier: literal
glosses: lying underneath
examples: text: Points and straight lines are underlying elements of geometry.
text: Finding a successful treatment for Alzheimer’s faces two major hurdles: the first being we still don’t know enough about the disease’s underlying biology.
ref: 2018 January 18, Jürgen Götz, “Why it’s so hard to treat dementia”, in CNN:
text: The underlying problem with transport policy is that there no coherent strategy. Ministers have tended to encourage greater use of motor vehicles through both transport and (particularly) planning policies, while simultaneously warning of the terrible consequences of unfettered growth of road use.
ref: 2020 December 2, Christian Wolmar, “Wales offers us a glimpse of an integrated transport policy”, in Rail, page 56:
glosses: basic or fundamental
examples: text: Many nursery rhymes have an underlying meaning.
glosses: implicit
Derived terms: underlying form
underlying functor
underlying set
underlying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: underlyings
Etymology: By surface analysis, underlie + -ing.
Senses: topics: business
finance
glosses: The entity from whose performance a derivative derives its value.
Related terms: underpinning
underlying
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: By surface analysis, underlie + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of underlie
yeoman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjəʊ.mən/
ipa: /ˈjoʊ.mən/
ipa: /ˈjiː.mən/
rhymes: -əʊmən
Forms: form: yeomen
Etymology: From Middle English yoman, yeman, from Old English *ġēamann, from Proto-West Germanic *gauwjamann (compare Old Frisian gāman (“villager”), Middle High German göuman (“peasant”)), compound of Proto-West Germanic *gawi (“shire, district”) (compare Old English -ġē, -ġēa (“district, region”) (in ælġē, Sūþriġēa), West Frisian gea, goa, Dutch gouw, German Gau) + *mann (“man”).
Senses: glosses: An official providing honorable service in a royal or high noble household, ranking between a squire and a page. Especially, a yeoman of the guard, a member of a ceremonial bodyguard to the UK monarch (not to be confused with a Yeoman Warder).
glosses: A dependable, diligent, or loyal worker or someone who does a great service.
examples: text: This model of production costs might alternatively be derived from a yeoman farmer model, in which households supply goods directly[.]
ref: 2003, Michael Woodford, Interest and Prices, →ISBN, page 150:
glosses: A former class of small freeholders who farm their own land; a commoner of good standing.
glosses: A subordinate, deputy, aide, or assistant.
glosses: A Yeoman Warder.
glosses: A clerk in the US Navy, and US Coast Guard.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: In a vessel of war, the person in charge of the storeroom.
glosses: A member of the Yeomanry Cavalry, officially chartered in 1794 originating around the 1760s.
glosses: A member of the Imperial Yeomanry, officially created in 1890s and renamed in 1907.
glosses: Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Cirrochroa, of Asia and Australasia.
Derived terms: chief yeoman of the signals
common yeoman
good yeoman service
king's yeoman
navigator's yeoman
queen's yeoman
traveling yeoman
yeoman archer
yeoman of the chamber
yeoman of the horse or carriage
yeoman of the king's buttery
yeoman of the king's pantry
yeoman of the stores
yeomanry
yeomanry cavalry
yeoman service
yeoman's service
yeoman's job
yeoman usher of the black rod
yeoman work
yeomen of the crown
yeomen of the guard
yeowoman
Yeoman Warder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Yeoman Warders
form: Yeomen Warders
Senses: glosses: A ceremonial guard of the Tower of London.
Synonyms: word: Beefeater
Tower of London
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Tower of London
Senses: glosses: A riverside fortress in London, used as a palace, a prison and now a museum housing the Crown Jewels.
Synonyms: Tower
Derived terms: Tower of London test
Related terms: sent to the Tower
dop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɒp/
ipa: /dɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: dops
Etymology: From Middle English doppe, from Old English *doppa (“dipper”) (compare dīepan), as in Old English dūfedoppa (“pelican”).
Senses: glosses: A diving bird.
dop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɒp/
ipa: /dɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: dops
form: dopping
form: dopped
form: dopped
Etymology: From Middle English doppen, from Old English *doppian (“to dip, dive, plunge”), related to Old English doppettan (“to dip, dip in, immerse”).
Senses: examples: text: I dopped my exams.
glosses: To fail or to plug (an examination, standard or grade)
examples: text: you may dape or dop, and also with a grasshopper, behind a tree, or in any deep hole; still making it to move on the top of the water, as if it were alive, and still keeping yourself out of sight
ref: 1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], →OCLC; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:
text: Then at the Play-Houſe ye ogle the Boxes, and dop and bovv to thoſe you do not knovv, as vvell as thoſe you do.
ref: 1693, [Thomas] d’Urfey, The Richmond Heiress: Or, A Woman Once in the Right. A Comedy, […], London: […] Samuel Briscoe, […], →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 14:
glosses: To dip or duck.
dop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɒp/
ipa: /dɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: dops
form: dopp
Etymology: From Dutch dop, from Middle Dutch dop, dup, doppe, from Old Dutch *dopp, *dupp, from Proto-West Germanic *dupp, from Proto-Germanic *duppaz (“hollow, shell, bowl”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Dop (“shell, pod, bowl”), German Topf (“pot”).
Senses: examples: text: Let's go to the bar for a dop.
glosses: . A drink.
examples: text: Give me a dop of brandy.
glosses: An imprecise measure of alcohol; a dash.
examples: text: The Venetian dop this
ref: 1600 (first performance), Beniamin Ionson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Cynthias Reuels, or The Fountayne of Selfe-Loue. […]”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC:
glosses: A dip; a low courtesy.
qualifier: diamond-cutting
glosses: A little copper cup in which a diamond is held while being cut.
Synonyms: sense: cup in which diamond is cut
word: doop
dop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɒp/
ipa: /dɑp/
rhymes: -ɒp
Forms: form: dops
form: dopping
form: dopped
form: dopped
form: dopp
Etymology: From Dutch dop, from Middle Dutch dop, dup, doppe, from Old Dutch *dopp, *dupp, from Proto-West Germanic *dupp, from Proto-Germanic *duppaz (“hollow, shell, bowl”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Dop (“shell, pod, bowl”), German Topf (“pot”).
Senses: examples: text: They not only forswore dopping themselves, but also contrived to make the National Party forgo a dop.
ref: 2004, Patrick Stevens, Politics is the Greatest Game, page 170:
glosses: To drink alcohol.
Related terms: dop kit
mento
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɛntəʊ
Forms: form: mentos
Senses: examples: text: Musician who never meet before the journey entertain we with mento song.
ref: 2020, Paul Mendez, Rainbow Milk, Dialogue Books (2021), page 19:
glosses: a folk music genre of Jamaica, featuring acoustic instruments and voices.
glosses: an individual mento song.
BIOS
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbaɪ.ɒs/
ipa: /ˈbaɪ.oʊs/
Forms: form: BIOSes
Senses: examples: text: Toshiba manufactures the chip set and the 8- to 10-MHz bus; the BIOS, shadowable in both system and video modes, is licensed from Award.
ref: 1991 March 12, PC Mag, volume 10, number 5:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Acronym of Basic Input/Output System.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: any firmware user interface that provides similar functionality as BIOS, such as UEFI.
Related terms: UEFI
DNS
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Domain Name System.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The protocol used by the Domain Name System.
glosses: Domain Name Services; the services provided by the Domain Name System.
DNS
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Initialism of does/did not start.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Initialism of do not sail.
Related terms: topics: sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: DNF
topics: sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: DNQ
topics: sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: DSQ
topics: sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: DQ
topics: sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: Q
Crown Jewels
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Crown Jewels
Senses: examples: text: The Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom are held in the Tower of London.
glosses: The historic royal regalia of a state.
Derived terms: crown jewel
crown jewels
crown jewels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The crown jewels in the United Kingdom are heavily guarded and anyone trying to steal them will certainly have a hard time.
glosses: The jewelry that accompany the office of rulership in a monarchy, i.e. crown, scepter, signet ring, etc.
examples: text: The whole crowd cringed as he got kicked in his crown jewels.
synonyms: family jewels
glosses: The male genitalia.
Related terms: Crown Jewels
crown jewels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of crown jewel
hostile takeover
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hostile takeovers
Senses: glosses: An attempted takeover of a company that is strongly resisted by the target company's management.
takeover
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: takeovers
form: take-over
Etymology: Deverbal from take over.
Senses: examples: text: If the takeover is approved, Comcast would control 20 of the top 25 cable markets, […]. Antitrust officials will need to consider Comcast’s status as a monopsony (a buyer with disproportionate power), when it comes to negotiations with programmers, whose channels it pays to carry.
ref: 2014 March 15, “Turn it off”, in The Economist, volume 410, number 8878, archived from the original on 11 Nov 2020:
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: The purchase of one company by another; a merger without the formation of a new company, especially where some stakeholders in the purchased company oppose the purchase.
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: The acquisition of a public company whose shares are listed on a stock exchange, in contrast to the acquisition of a private company.
examples: text: Revollo was absent when Bolivian police and the navy captain arrived at dawn, and the base takeover came off without problems, according to a U.S. narcotics official.
ref: 1991, Information Services on Latin America (Oakland, Calif.), ISLA: Volume 43, Issues 1-3, p. 195
text: The incident erupted as tensions simmered over Donald Trump’s looming takeover of DC and his administration’s use of force to brutally achieve his anti-migrant agenda.
ref: 2025 August 13, Gabrielle Canon, “Man accused of throwing sandwich at US border agent charged with assault”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A time or event in which control or authority, especially over a facility is passed from one party to the next.
Derived terms: hostile takeover
reverse takeover
takeover artist
takeover bid
Related terms: take over
buyout
merger
sellout
tender offer
takeover
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: take-over
Etymology: Deverbal from take over.
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of take over.
warmth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /wɔːmθ/
ipa: /wɔɹmθ/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)mθ
Forms: form: warmths
Etymology: From Middle English warmth, warmeth, wermþe, from Old English *wiermþu (“warmth”), from Proto-West Germanic *warmiþu (“warmness; warmth”), corresponding to warm + -th (abstract nominal suffix). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Waarmte (“warmth”), West Frisian waarmte (“warmth”), Dutch warmte (“warmth”), German Low German Warmte, Warmt (“warmth”).
Senses: glosses: A moderate degree of heat; the sensation of being warm.
examples: text: Included in the crowd of more than 10,000 was a gay contingent of over 100. A large banner proclaiming "Gay American Revolution" beckoned other gay marchers to join the contingent. Several participants said that they were pleased with the noticeable warmth of the other demonstrators toward the gay people.
ref: 1973 December 22, “Boston Tea Party”, in Gay Community News, volume 1, number 27, page 1:
glosses: Friendliness, kindness or affection.
examples: text: "You don't know him—don't pronounce an opinion upon him," I said with warmth.
ref: 1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], “CHAPTER XXXIII”, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: Fervor, intensity of emotion or expression.
topics: art
arts
glosses: The effect of using mostly red and yellow hues.
Derived terms: lukewarmth
colline
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: collines
Etymology: From French colline.
Senses: glosses: A small hill or mount.
Derived terms: intercolline
stelo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: steloj
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Esperanto stelo. Doublet of estoile, étoile, and stella.
Senses: examples: text: One stelo theoretically equals in value of one kilogram of bread. […] The five steloj, 1959 (60), obverse shows a world globe symbolizing the unity of mankind. […] Most Esperantists use International Reply Coupons for the purposes for which stelo coins were intended, he added.
ref: 1980 July, COINage, volume 16, number 7, Ventura, Calif.: Behn-Miller Publishers, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 51–52:
text: More patterns were issued in 1959, these in 1-, 5- and 10-steloj denominations. The piece shown here is a 25-steloj coin issued in Poland in 1965.
ref: 1982 September, Marvin Kay, “Medicine in Numismatics”, in N[orris] Neil Harris, editor, The Numismatist, volume 95, number 9, Colorado Springs, Colo.: American Numismatic Association, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2237, column 2:
text: Stelo fantasy coins were minted in several other denominations: a series from 1959, for example, features a bronze 1 stelo, an aluminum-bronze 5 steloj, and a copper-nickel 10 steloj.
ref: 2013, Jay M. Galst, Peter G[erritt] van Alfen, “Ophthalmologists Famous in Other Fields”, in Ophthalmologia: Optica et Visio in Nummis (Hirschberg History of Ophthalmology: The Monographs; 13), Piribebuy, Cordillera: Jean-Paul Wayenborgh; New York, N.Y.: American Numismatic Society, →ISBN, page 137:
text: The first coins were minted in 1959 by the Royal Dutch Mint in Utrecht in the denominations of one, five and ten steloj. […] In 1965 a fourth type of coin was added to the former with a nominal value of 25 steloj. […] Silver and gold varieties of the 25-stelo coins were also produced.
ref: 2024, Roberto Menchaca, “Esperanto in Numismatics”, in Alena Adler, Logan Hall, editors, Usona Esperantisto, number 2024:1, El Cerrito, Calif.: Esperanto-USA, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 19, column 1:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
numismatics
glosses: A monetary unit of Esperantists from 1945 to 1993, one of whose aims was to achieve a single world currency.
Related terms: spesmilo
warm-up
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: warm-ups
Etymology: Deverbal from warm up.
Senses: examples: text: If you don't do your warm-ups properly you have a greater chance of injury.
glosses: The act of exercising or stretching in preparation for strenuous activity
examples: text: Drivers are allowed 5 minutes for warm-up before the race starts.
glosses: Any act of preparation for a performance
examples: text: Keep a sharp eye on the referee during warm-up to check out his mood.
glosses: A period of time allocated for performing warm-ups.
Related terms: warm up
warming up
warm up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/
Forms: form: warms up
form: warming up
form: warmed up
form: warmed up
Senses: examples: text: He came inside to warm up.
text: It took a long time for the place to warm up and to counteract the cold and enable their fingers to cope with the delicate task of moulding, the men would often surround themselves with blocks of iron heated in the furnace.
ref: 1944 November and December, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 342:
glosses: To become warmer.
examples: text: I couldn't be bothered to cook another meal so I just warmed up yesterday's leftovers.
glosses: To heat or reheat (e.g. food).
examples: text: These old valve radios take a few minutes to warm up.
glosses: To reach, or cause to reach, a normal operating temperature (of a car for example).
examples: text: It is important to warm up properly before your gym session.
glosses: To physically or mentally prepare oneself, something or someone for an activity.
To do gentle exercise, stretching etc., in order to prepare the body for more vigorous exercise.
examples: text: The band were already on stage, warming up for the gig.
glosses: To physically or mentally prepare oneself, something or someone for an activity.
To prepare for an activity by carrying out a practice or preparation routine.
examples: text: Rich knew how to warm up the audience of The Price is Right. His good looks and charming personality made even that special.
text: It was a dark Saturday night last month on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, where Saturday nights can get very dark, but Sabrina Brier, in a rhinestone necklace and strapless plaid pantsuit, was agleam onstage at a basement comedy club called Caveat warming up the crowd.
ref: 2023 March 14, Alexandra Jacobs, “Your Annoying Roommate Is Slaying on TikTok”, in The New York Times:
glosses: To physically or mentally prepare oneself, something or someone for an activity.
To make (an audience) enthusiastic or animated before a show.
info_templates: extra_data: words: to
expansion: [with to]
glosses: Synonym of warm (to favor increasingly).
synonyms: word: warm
extra: to favor increasingly
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Synonym of warm (“prepopulate a cache”).
synonyms: word: warm
extra: prepopulate a cache
glosses: Synonym of warm (“send mail from a domain to improve reputation”).
synonyms: word: warm
extra: send mail from a domain to improve reputation
Derived terms: warmer-upper
warm-up
Related terms: warm down
warrant officer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: warrant officers
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: An officer holding rank by virtue of a warrant rather than a commission.
examples: text: The bailiff does not like to see himself as the brutal oppressor of the poor or as the agent of malicious creditors... This distinction between warrant officer and process server is not at all dissimilar to the gulf that divides the law officer and the peace officer in the police force... Warrant officers execute warrants whilst process servers distribute court summonses and cajole debtors.
ref: 1973, Paul Rock, Making People Pay, page 162:
topics: government
law-enforcement
glosses: An officer assigned to execute warrants and other writs.
Synonyms: topics: military
war
government
politics
word: WO
topics: law-enforcement
government
word: pursuivant
topics: law-enforcement
government
word: bailiff
topics: law-enforcement
government
word: beadle
Hypernyms: topics: law-enforcement
government
english: arresting for debt
translation: arresting for debt
word: catchpoll
Coordinate terms: sense: military officer
word: commissioned officer
word: non-commissioned officer
word: petty officer
word: general officer
word: flag officer
word: field officer
word: staff officer
Derived terms: alt: CWO
word: chief warrant officer
alt: MCWO
word: master chief warrant officer
alt: MWO
word: master warrant officer
alt: SCWO
word: senior chief warrant officer
alt: SWO
word: senior warrant officer
word: warrant officer 2
word: warrant officer class 1
word: warrant officer class 2
Related terms: topics: law-enforcement
government
word: process server
word: company sergeant major
word: CSM
word: regimental sergeant major
word: RSM
word: WO1
word: WO2
washable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more washable
form: most washable
Etymology: From wash + -able.
Senses: examples: text: The waiting rooms are centrally heated and tastefully furnished with carefully selected tones of easily washable emulsion paint.
ref: 1956 January, “New Station at Potters Bar”, in Railway Magazine, page 25:
glosses: Capable of being washed without being damaged; especially by a specified method, for example machine-washable.
Derived terms: acid-washable
back-washable
hand-washable
hand washable
machine-washable
machine washable
washable diaper
washable nappy
Related terms: word: reusable
english: in practice, often synonymous, as most items that are washable are rewashable; the latter word gives connotative emphasis to repeated reuse
translation: in practice, often synonymous, as most items that are washable are rewashable; the latter word gives connotative emphasis to repeated reuse
word: rewashable
washable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: washables
Etymology: From wash + -able.
Senses: glosses: Something that can be washed without being damaged.
damaged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of damage
damaged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdæmɪd͡ʒd/
Forms: form: more damaged
form: most damaged
Senses: examples: text: The rebuilding of damaged stations is proceeding slowly, on account of the shortage of building materials and the pressing needs of housing, but steady progress is being made.
ref: 1951 March, E. J. Tyler, “Post-War Recovery on the Netherlands Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:
glosses: That has suffered damage.
Synonyms: defective
faulty
injured
wounded
deteriorated
Derived terms: battle-damaged
brain-damaged
country-damaged
cryodamaged
damaged goods
indamaged
nondamaged
photodamaged
predamaged
washbasin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: washbasins
form: wash basin
Etymology: From wash + basin.
Senses: glosses: A basin used for washing, (now) particularly a permanently installed sink, fitted with a water supply and a drain, for washing the hands and face.
glosses: A laundry sink or utility sink.
Synonyms: word: washhand-basin
sense: all senses
word: handbasin
sense: a basin with a water supply
word: washstand
sense: a simple basin without water supply
word: lavabo
sense: a simple basin without water supply
word: piscina
sense: a simple basin without water supply
word: laver
sense: a simple basin without water supply
word: lavatory
sense: a simple basin without water supply
word: washbowl
word: basin
word: sink
word: washbasin
Hypernyms: word: container
Meronyms: word: drain
word: faucet
word: plug
word: tap
Derived terms: washbasin helmet
Related terms: word: dry sink
word: washdish
word: washstand
washing day
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: washing days
Senses: glosses: Synonym of washday, the day on which laundry is done
synonyms: word: washday
extra: the day on which laundry is done
glosses: Synonym of Monday, from the custom of doing laundry on that day of the week.
synonyms: word: Monday
word: from the custom of doing laundry on that day of the week
washing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɒʃ.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɒʃɪŋ
enpr: wäshʹĭng
ipa: /ˈwɑʃ.ɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈwɔʃ.ɪŋ/
Forms: form: washings
Etymology: From Middle English waschynge, weschynge, from Old English *weasċing, *wæsċing (attested in weasċingweġ), from Proto-West Germanic *waskingu, equivalent to wash + -ing. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Waaskenge (“washing”), West Frisian wasking (“washing”), Dutch wassing (“washing”), German Waschung (“washing”).
Senses: examples: text: I then took a piece of dry stone, ground it fine in a mortar, and placed the powder in water, the sand particles sunk rapidly to the bottom, while the clay remained suspended, and by several washings and decantings the sand and clay could be approximately separated […]
ref: 1855, Proceedings of the Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow:
glosses: The action of the verb to wash
examples: text: My mother used to do the washing on a Monday
text: […] Hazel telling about how she liked a good woodpile, especially when she used to take in washing to earn a little extra. She needed a goodly pile to fuel her washtubs.
ref: 2013, Robin Wall Kimmerer, Braiding Sweetgrass, 1st edition, Milkweed Editions, →ISBN, page 74:
glosses: Clothing, bedlinen or soft furnishings that have been, are currently being, or are to be washed; laundry.
examples: text: The washings have a higher concentration of metal
glosses: The residue after an ore, etc, has been washed
glosses: The liquid used to wash an ore.
examples: the gold-washings, or silver-washings
glosses: A place where a precious metal found in gravel is separated from lighter material by washing.
examples: a washing of silver
glosses: A thin covering or coat.
topics: business
finance
stock-exchange
glosses: A fraudulent transaction in which the same stock is simultaneously bought and sold for the purpose of manipulating the market.
qualifier: pottery
glosses: The covering of a piece with an infusible powder, which prevents it from sticking to its supports, while receiving the glaze.
Synonyms: sense: articles that have been or are to be washed
word: laundry
Derived terms: AI washing
brain-washing
check washing
dirty washing
fat washing
hand washing
hand-washing
open washing
open-washing
participation-washing
rainbow washing
washing ball
washing bin
washing blue
washing bottle
washing day
washing line
washing machine
washing mitt
washing of feet
washing powder
washing sherry
washing soda
washing-soda
washing stuff
washing tab
washing-up
wave washing
washing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɒʃ.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɒʃɪŋ
enpr: wäshʹĭng
ipa: /ˈwɑʃ.ɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈwɔʃ.ɪŋ/
Etymology: From Middle English waschyng, wasschynge, wasschinge, wesschinge, wassende, from Old English *wasċende, *wæsċende, from Proto-West Germanic *waskandī, from Proto-Germanic *waskandz (“washing”), present participle of Proto-Germanic *waskaną (“to wash”), equivalent to wash + -ing. Cognate with Dutch wassend, German waschend, Swedish vaskande.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of wash
washing-up
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌwɑʃ.ɪŋˈʌp/
ipa: /ˌwɒʃ.ɪŋˈʌp/
Senses: examples: text: I’ll do the washing-up if you put it all away.
synonyms: dishwashing
glosses: The act of washing dishes etc; dishwashing.
Derived terms: do the washing-up
washing-up liquid
Related terms: wash up
washing-up
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌwɑʃ.ɪŋˈʌp/
ipa: /ˌwɒʃ.ɪŋˈʌp/
Senses: examples: text: This washing-up liquid is kinder to my hands than that one.
glosses: Of or relating to washing dishes.
Related terms: drying-up
catfight
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: catfights
form: cat fight
Etymology: From cat + fight. So named because, like cats, scratching is a common defensive tactic among women, as opposed to a fistfight between men.
Senses: examples: text: The caterwauling from the catfight in the back yard was awful; I couldn't get to sleep until it was over.
glosses: A fight between cats.
examples: text: Nancy and Sheila got into a catfight when Nancy's boyfriend cheated on her with Sheila.
text: Female conflict, seen in this kind of structure, works conveniently—it takes note of aggression in women and sets it against other women. Men are spared. The audience applauds. Everyone loves a catfight.
ref: 1980, Louise Bernikow, Among Women, New York: Harmony Books, page 207:
text: There was a time when I would get furious and fire off an angry note if someone cast me in a catfight with a woman colleague. I assumed that catfights would fade as women progressed. They seemed so retro.
ref: 2005, Maureen Dowd, Are Men Necessary?, →ISBN, page 310:
synonyms: hairpulling contest
scragfight
glosses: A fight or bickering, especially between women.
Related terms: sense: fight, especially between women
word: catty
sense: acrimonious fight, especially between women
word: handbags
sense: acrimonious fight, especially between women
word: handbags at dawn
sense: acrimonious fight, especially between women
word: the handbags come out
sense: acrimonious fight, especially between women
word: meow!
word: dogfight
synoptic climatology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: sciences
glosses: The science of describing an entire weather situation at a specific location
stopped pipe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stopped pipes
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A pipe organ tube with a uniform diameter, one closed end and one open end.
pageturner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pageturners
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of page-turner.
Americophilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Americo- + -philia.
Senses: glosses: An affection for, or interest in things related to the United States
Related terms: Americophile
make up
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/
Forms: form: make ups
Etymology: From Middle English maken up, equivalent to make + up (adverb).
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of makeup.
presynaptic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pre-synaptic
Etymology: From pre- + synaptic.
Senses: topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: In a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that releases neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.
Related terms: postsynaptic
presynapsis
outside gross area
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: outside gross areas
Senses: glosses: The area measured from the outside surface of the outer building wall to the outside surface of the opposite outer building wall. Where balconies and mezzanine floors occur within the exterior walls of the building, they are included in this figure.
infraction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈfɹakʃən/
ipa: /ɪnˈfɹækʃən/
rhymes: -ækʃən
Forms: form: infractions
Etymology: From Middle French infraction, from Latin infractio, from infractum, past participle of infringere, from in (“in”) + frangere (“to break”).
Senses: examples: text: Even stealing a pack of gum is an infraction in the eyes of the law.
text: Pretending a litterbug and a spree killer have committed equivalent infractions doesn’t make people safer.
ref: 2021 January 8, Nicole Hemmer, “The striking parallels between the assaults on Charlottesville and the Capitol”, in CNN:
topics: law
glosses: A minor offence, petty crime.
examples: text: A team's first infraction could mean a fine of up to $25,000.
ref: 2016 October 9, Ahiza Garcia, “NFL teams may now get fined for their social media posts”, in CNN Business:
glosses: A violation; breach.
topics: hobbies
ice-hockey
lifestyle
skating
sports
glosses: A major violation of rules which leads to a penalty, if detected by the referee.
Derived terms: infractional
neutral-zone infraction
noninfraction
Related terms: infringe
infringement
infarction
suffocate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌfəkeɪt/
ipa: /ˈsʌfəkət/
Forms: form: suffocates
form: suffocating
form: suffocated
form: suffocated
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in the 1420's, the verb in 1526; from Middle English suffocat(e) (“deprived of air, suffocated”), borrowed from Latin suffōcātus, the perfect passive participle of Latin suffōcō (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from sub- (“under, up to”) + fōx (“throat”, oblique stem in fōc-). Participial usage up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: Open the hatch, he is suffocating in the airlock!
text: It is because of freedom, one netizen replied: Like air, you may not realize its importance, but when suffocating, you would know how precious it is.
ref: 2020 November 2, Jiu Xiao, “Chinese Communist Party Officials Push Anti-U.S. Propaganda While Sending Families to Live in the U.S.”, in Minghui:
glosses: To suffer, or cause someone to suffer, from severely reduced oxygen intake to the body.
examples: text: He suffocated his wife by holding a pillow over her head.
text: Let not hemp his windpipe suffocate.
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vi]:
glosses: To die due to, or kill someone by means of, insufficient oxygen supply to the body.
examples: text: I'm suffocating under this huge workload.
text: If the trend to private cars continues, the more quickly will the road traffic suffocate itself, [...].
ref: 1962 April, “London Airport rail link”, in Modern Railways, page 222:
glosses: To overwhelm, or be overwhelmed (by a person or issue), as though with oxygen deprivation.
examples: text: to suffocate fire
glosses: To destroy; to extinguish.
Synonyms: sense: To suffer from reduced oxygen
word: asphyxiate
sense: To suffer from reduced oxygen
word: choke
sense: To die from insufficient oxygen
word: stifle
sense: To die from insufficient oxygen
word: choke
sense: To be overwhelmed
word: drown
sense: To reduce oxygen supply
word: asphyxiate
sense: To reduce oxygen supply
word: choke
sense: To reduce oxygen supply
word: smother
sense: To kill by deprivation of oxygen
word: asphyxiate
sense: To kill by deprivation of oxygen
word: choke
sense: To kill by deprivation of oxygen
word: stifle
sense: To make weary with contact
word: smother
Derived terms: smothercate
suffocation
Related terms: asphyxia