cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
vaginally
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From vaginal + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: It would have been advisable to examine Conchita vaginally to see how far she was in labour.
ref: 2002, Jennifer Worth, Call the Midwife, Phoenix (2012), page 286:
glosses: Via the vagina, as (usually, more specifically) by the vaginal route of administration.
Synonyms: sense: vaginal route of administration
word: per vagina
sense: vaginal route of administration
word: per vaginam
vaingloriously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more vaingloriously
form: most vaingloriously
Etymology: From vainglorious + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.
ref: 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
glosses: In a vainglorious manner.
valiance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: valiances
form: valiaunce
Etymology: From Middle English valiaunce, from Anglo-Norman vaillaunce and Old French vaillance.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being valiant; heroism, bravery or valour.
Related terms: pot-valiant
valiantly
valiantness
valiant
valor
valiantly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more valiantly
form: most valiantly
Etymology: From valiant + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: I valiantly resolve not to go to bed at all, but to walk up and down the pier till morning.
ref: 1842, Charles Dickens, “A Night Steamer on the Potomac River. […]”, in American Notes for General Circulation. […], volume II, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 4:
text: We may think of the young people who valiantly stood for the cause of human rights and resisted their infringement, in spite of the violent crackdown by the Chinese regime at T’ien-an-men Square in June 1989.
ref: 1999, Felix Wilfred, “Asian Dreams and Christian Hope”, in Virgil Elizondo, Jon Sobrino, editors, 2000: Reality and Hope, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 71:
glosses: In a valiant manner; showing bravery.
validly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvælɪdli/
Forms: form: more validly
form: most validly
Etymology: From valid + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a valid manner.
validness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From valid + -ness.
Senses: synonyms: validity
glosses: The state of being valid.
valorously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more valorously
form: most valorously
form: valourously
Etymology: From valorous + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a valorous manner.
valuate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvæl.ju.eɪt/
Forms: form: valuates
form: valuating
form: valuated
form: valuated
Etymology: From value + -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: glosses: To estimate the value of something; to appraise or to make a valuation.
valuer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: valuers
Etymology: From value + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person who valuates; an assessor or appraiser.
examples: text: Valuers of warm relationships and other value groups may fulfill interpersonal needs through the family but are more willing to admit that parenting is not the only means for finding companionship and love.
ref: 1983, Lynn R. Kahle, Social values and social change: adaptation to life in America:
text: I'm a funny combination of loner and valuer of community.
ref: 1989 December 3, Pam Mitchell, Ronnie Gilbert, “Carrying On The Honorable Tradition Of 'Protest Music'”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 21, page 8:
glosses: A person who appreciates something and sets a value on it.
Derived terms: family valuer
valveless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From valve + -less.
Senses: glosses: Having no valves.
bid fair
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: bids fair
form: bidding fair
form: bade fair
form: bidden fair
Senses: examples: text: A number of the phrases current in St. Giles's Greek bid fair to become legitimatised in the dictionary of this colony: plant, swag, pulling up, and other epithets of the Tom and Jerry school, are established — […]
ref: 1828, Peter Miller Cunningham, Two Years in New South Wales, page 52:
text: Yet this English experimentation abruptly ended when Edward, after a healthy and assertive childhood in which he bade fair to be as over-lifesize as his formidable father, died young in 1553.
ref: 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 632:
glosses: To have a reasonable claim; to seem likely.
raw_tags: followed by "to"
valvular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvælvjʊlə(ɹ)/
Etymology: From New Latin valvularis (“valvular”), from valvula (“valvule, small valve”) + Latin āris (“-ar: forming adjectives”).
Senses: examples: text: It was Charles Sherrington (1857–1952) who named that valvular connection (later found to be a gap) the synapse.
ref: 1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 516:
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of or pertaining to valves, such as those of the heart.
glosses: Like a valve.
Synonyms: valval
valvar
Derived terms: avalvular
bivalvular
cardiovalvular
equivalvular
extravalvular
intervalvular
intravalvular
multivalvular
nonvalvular
paravalvular
perivalvular
postvalvular
prevalvular
quadrivalvular
quinquevalvular
subvalvular
supravalvular
transvalvular
trivalvular
univalvular
valvular endocarditis
valvular insufficiency
vapidity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vapidities
Etymology: From vapid + -ity.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being vapid; vapidness.
Synonyms: vapidness
vapidness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From vapid + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being vapid; vapidity.
Synonyms: vapidity
vaporizer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vaporizers
form: vaporiser
form: vapouriser
form: vapourizer
Etymology: From vaporiz(e) + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Vaporizers are used in electronic cigarettes to simulate smoke.
glosses: A device with a heating element, used to vaporize a liquid.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A device with a heating element, used to vaporize a liquid solution with medicine. The produced vapor condensates into fine aerosols, forming a mist inside the device, to be inhaled by the patient for delivery of the medicine into the lungs.
Coordinate terms: vape
nebulizer
vapory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈveɪpəɹi/
Forms: form: more vapory
form: most vapory
form: vapoury
Etymology: From vapor + -y.
Senses: examples: text: But here again, Christians consider the word literally, as though the Lord would appear upon the vapory clouds over our heads.
ref: 1792, William Pine, General Proofs that the Second Advent of the Lord hath Taken Place, and also, the Essential Doctrines of His New Kingdom Stated, Bristol: self-published, page 14:
text: The greatest damps however, that may ever roll upon your spirits, will arise from the stupidity of sinners, and the vapory dullness of declining Christians.
ref: 1800, Rosewell Messenger, A Sermon Preached at the Ordination of the Rev. James Boyd at Bangor on Penobscot River, September 10, 1800, pages 24–5:
text: Long at the window he stood, and wistfully gazed on the landscape, / Washed with a cold gray mist, the vapory breath of the east-wind,
ref: 1858, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Courtship of Miles Standish, I, 54-55:
text: At the same moment it chanced that the vapory fleece hanging low in the East, was shot thro' with a soft glory as of the fleece of the Lamb of God seen in mystical vision, […]
ref: 1924, Herman Melville, chapter 22, in Billy Budd, London: Constable & Co.:
text: See also quotations under vapoury.
glosses: Resembling vapor; vaporous.
examples: text: The most fetid and poisonous smells everywhere prevailed; and by the aid of that ghastly light which, even at midnight, never fails to emanate from a vapory and pestilential atmosphere, might be discerned lying in the by-paths and alleys, or rotting in the windowless habitations, the carcass of many a nocturnal plunderer arrested by the hand of the plague in the very perpetration of his robbery.
ref: 1835, Edgar Allan Poe, King Pest:
glosses: Characterized by the presence of vapor; full of, or obscured by, vapor.
varicolored
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: varicoloured
Etymology: From vari- + color + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: […] the habit of the greater part of them is only a wreath of Callico tyed about their heads; their mid-parts are circled with a Zone of vari-colored plad, and have Sandalls upon their feet, elsewhere being naked […]
ref: 1638, Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels into Divers Parts of Asia and Afrique, Book 2, p, 128:
text: The Fisherman looked into the water and was much astonished to see therein vari-coloured fishes, white and red, blue and yellow; however he cast his net and, hauling it in, saw that he had netted four fishes, one of each colour.
ref: 1885, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume I, [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC, page 62:
text: The varicolored cloud of dust that the sun had stirred up in the sky was settling by slow degrees.
ref: 1937, Zora Neale Hurston, chapter 1, in Their Eyes Were Watching God, University of Illinois Press, published 1978, page 15:
text: Watching Jesse Jackson in tears in Grant Park, pressed up against the varicolored American public, it seemed like he, at least, had received the answer he needed: only a many-voiced man could have spoken to that many people.
ref: 2009, Zadie Smith, “Speaking in Tongues”, in Changing My Mind: Occasional Essays, New York: Penguin:
glosses: Having a variety of colors; variegated or motley.
Related terms: variegate
variegated
varicoloured
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of varicolored.
variegate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛɹiəɡeɪt/
ipa: /ˈvɛɹiəˌɡeɪt/
Forms: form: variegates
form: variegating
form: variegated
form: variegated
Etymology: From Late Latin variegāre (“to make of various sorts or colors”), from Latin varius (“various”) + agere (“to make, do”).
Senses: synonyms: word: diversify
word: diversify
word: enwiden
word: variegate
word: varify
word: vary
glosses: To add variety to something.
synonyms: redecorate
remodel
reskin
glosses: To change the appearance of something, especially by covering with patches or streaks of different colour.
synonyms: maculate
mottle
spot
glosses: To dapple.
variegate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛɹiəɡeɪt/
ipa: /ˈvɛɹiəˌɡeɪt/
Forms: form: more variegate
form: most variegate
Etymology: From Late Latin variegāre (“to make of various sorts or colors”), from Latin varius (“various”) + agere (“to make, do”).
Senses: glosses: variegated
Derived terms: variegate porphyria
variegation
variegation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: variegations
Etymology: From variegate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: The variegation of leaves occurs so commonly that we do not often inquire into the cause of it. To the physiologist, however, the question of the origin of variegation is of considerable importance, and it certainly is not less so to the horticulturist, whether pleasure or profit be the main end of his endeavors.
ref: 1878, The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art, volume 27, page 509:
text: The second and related type of white variegation is formed by the formation of a single loose layer of short palisade cells instead of a compact layer or two of long palisade cells in the green sectors of variegated leaves (La Rocca et al. 2011).
ref: 2014, Ulrich Lüttge, Wolfram Beyschlag, Progress in Botany, Springer, →ISBN, page 244:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A variation in the colour of different zones of the same plant.
glosses: The state of being variegated; streaked, spotted.
variously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From various + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: My caravan served variously as a changing room, office and bedroom.
glosses: In various ways; diversely.
Islamophile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Islamophiles
Etymology: From Islamo- + -phile.
Senses: glosses: One (especially one who is not an adherent of Islam) who loves Islam, Muslims or Islamic culture.
Synonyms: Muslimophile
philo-Muslim
Related terms: Islamophilia
vasomotor
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -əʊtə(ɹ)
Etymology: From vaso- + motor.
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to the regulation of the diameter of blood vessels.
Synonyms: vasomotoric
Derived terms: vasomotor angina
vasomotor centre
vasomotor nerve
vasomotor rhinitis
vasomotor symptoms
Related terms: vasoactive § Related terms
angiotensin
vassalage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈvæsəlɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: vassalages
Etymology: From Old French vassalage (French vasselage), from vassal.
Senses: examples: text: Lord of my love, to whom in vassalage
Thy merit hath my duty strongly knit
ref: 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 26”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:
text: For all England was his fief, held in vassalage to God and to no man alive, his heart now sang; allwhither his empire spread, opulent in grain and metal and every revenue of the earth, and in stalwart men (his chattels), and in strong orderly cities, where the windows would be adorned with scarlet hangings, and women (with golden hair and red lax lips) would presently admire as King Edward rode slowly by at the head of a resplendent retinue.
ref: 2012, James Branch Cabell, Chivalry, page 138:
glosses: The state of being a vassal; fealty.
vaudevillian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vaudevillians
Etymology: From vaudeville + -ian.
Senses: examples: text: Harris was born in Richmond, Virginia, on February 9, 1947. His grandparents were vaudevillians, his father was a professional guitarist, and his mother was a leader of the church choir.
ref: 1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN, page 322:
glosses: Someone who performs in vaudeville.
Synonyms: villian
vaudevillian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more vaudevillian
form: most vaudevillian
Etymology: From vaudeville + -ian.
Senses: glosses: Pertaining to vaudeville
Coordinate terms: burlesque
vaulter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɒl.tə/
ipa: /ˈvɔːl.tə/
ipa: /ˈvɔl.tɚ/
ipa: /ˈvɑl.tɚ/
rhymes: -ɒltə(ɹ)
rhymes: -ɔːltə(ɹ)
Forms: form: vaulters
Etymology: From vault + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Indeed, with a world record‐holder or Olympic champion in almost every race, with six milers who have broken 4 minutes, eight high jumpers who can top 7 feet and seven pole vaulters who have cleared 17 feet, there is no way guessing how many Olympic champions‐elect will be on display in the hatbox over Penn Station.
ref: 1972 January 28, “Sports of The Times”, in The New York Times:
text: He comes from a family of athletes: Greg, his father, was an elite vaulter for the U.S. Helena, his Swedish mother, was an international heptathlete and volleyball player.
ref: 2024 May 8, Liam Tharme, “Mondo Duplantis: Breaking down the biomechanics behind the best-ever pole vaulter”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A person who vaults or leaps.
Derived terms: pole vaulter
vibraharp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vibraharps
Senses: glosses: the vibraphone
vibrancy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vibrancies
Etymology: From Latin vibrans, present participle of vibrare, equivalent to vibrant + -cy.
Senses: examples: text: In a separate 2024 report, Stanford found that no EU country made the top five for “vibrancy” in AI, a metric that considered private investment, patents and research.
ref: 2025 April 9, Jennifer Rankin, “EU to build AI gigafactories in €20bn push to catch up with US and China”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: The quality of being vibrant.
Synonyms: vibrance
vibrantly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more vibrantly
form: most vibrantly
Etymology: From vibrant + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a vibrant manner.
victoriously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more victoriously
form: most victoriously
Etymology: From Middle English victoriously, vittoryously; equivalent to victorious + -ly.
Senses: glosses: in a victorious manner; as part of a victory
vigilantly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more vigilantly
form: most vigilantly
Etymology: From vigilant + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He shuffled athwart, keeping one eye ahead vigilantly.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 204:
glosses: In a vigilant manner.
vindictively
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more vindictively
form: most vindictively
Etymology: From vindictive + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: For answer the boy's bravely challenging eyes met his blinking vindictively.
ref: 1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 164:
glosses: In a vindictive manner.
virtuously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more virtuously
form: most virtuously
form: vertuously
Etymology: From Middle English vertuously; equivalent to virtuous + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Beauty is a fatal gift for those who want to live virtuously.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 47:
glosses: In a virtuous manner.
virulently
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more virulently
form: most virulently
Etymology: From virulent + -ly.
Senses: glosses: in a virulent manner
vivaciously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more vivaciously
form: most vivaciously
Etymology: From vivacious + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a vivacious manner.
vixenishly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more vixenishly
form: most vixenishly
Etymology: From vixenish + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a vixenish manner.
sex on the beach
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sex on the beaches
form: Sex on the Beach
Senses: examples: text: While he mixed them up, I observed the other bar patrons – girls in tight white tops and guys swooping in on them – who had clearly drunk their fair share of sex on the beaches, perhaps in pursuit of same.
ref: 2002 July/August, Allison Joyce, “Party On!: It’s Never Too Late for Your First Spring Break in Jamaica”, in Islands, page 101, column 1:
text: […] my hands and wrists ached from pouring thousands of long island ice teas, sex on the beaches, and white russians.
ref: 2012, Jayne Amelia Larson, Driving the Saudis: A Chauffeur’s Tale of Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness on Rodeo Drive, Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, published 2013, →ISBN, page 52:
text: Don’t worry Tara, we’ll get sloshed, all three of us, on the most expensive, delicious sex on the beaches you’ve ever tasted.
ref: 2016, Eva O’Connor, Overshadowed, Bloomsbury Methuen Drama, →ISBN, page 40:
glosses: A cocktail containing vodka, peach schnapps, cranberry juice and orange juice.
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see sex, on, the, beach.
triple sec
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: triple secs
Etymology: Borrowed from French triple sec (“triple dry”).
Senses: glosses: Any of several triple-distilled liqueurs flavoured with fruit e.g. Curaçao, Cointreau, and Grand Marnier.
glosses: A branded liqueur from Curaçao flavoured with orange peel.
con moto
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian con moto.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played "with motion"
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A passage having this mark
con moto
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian con moto.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: played "with motion"
con moto
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian con moto.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: describing a passage having this mark
metronome
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛt.ɹəˌnoʊm/
ipa: /ˈmɛt.ɹəˌnəʊm/
Forms: form: metronomes
Etymology: Coined in English from Ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, “measure”) + νόμος (nómos, “regulation, law”).
Senses: examples: text: The etudes with metronome markings should be played in tempo, all others should be considered rubato.
ref: 2007, Michele Weir, Jazz Piano Handbook, Alfred Music Publishing, →ISBN, page 110:
text: It’s one of the earliest pieces in the comprehensive collection of metronomes by the British instrument dealer Tony Bingham, which forms the bulk of the Basel exhibition.
ref: 2017 June 30, Corinna da Fonseca-Wollheim, “Ticktock as Taskmaster: A Show About Metronomes and Musical Time”, in The New York Times:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A device, containing an inverted pendulum, used to mark time by means of regular ticks at adjustable intervals; an electronic equivalent that emits flashes.
Derived terms: Maelzel's metronome
metronomic
metronomical
metronomize
baking tray
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: baking trays
form: baking-tray
Senses: topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
synonyms: bakepan
cookie sheet
baking pan
baking sheet
sheet pan
glosses: An oven-proof metal tray used to hold foods in the oven.
Coordinate terms: cake tin
HE
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: HEs
Senses: examples: text: This here is sixty-six tons of straight-up, HE-spewing dee-vine intervention!
ref: 2004 November 9, Bungie, Halo 2, spoken by Avery Johnson (David Scully), Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox, level/area: Metropolis(Legendary):
coordinate_terms: HEAT
HESH
glosses: Initialism of high explosive.
examples: text: LSST said the allegations were untrue. It described its mission as challenging: "We are providing a valuable service to communities that are often overlooked or are underserved by the public HE sector, and in doing so we are making transformational change."
ref: 2014 May 21, Andrew McGettigan, Shiv Malik, John Domokos, “Private sector and students profit at the college they call 'the ATM'”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Initialism of higher education.
glosses: Initialism of health education.
glosses: Initialism of His Excellency / Her Excellency.
glosses: Initialism of His Eminence.
glosses: Initialism of home entertainment.
glosses: Initialism of human era (“current epoch”).
glosses: Abbreviation of hydroelectricity.
glosses: Initialism of home economics.
HE
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of Hesse: a state of Germany.
HE
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of hydroelectric.
HE
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: glosses: Initialism of how embarrassing.
viburnum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /vɪˈbɜː(ɹ)nəm/
/vaɪˈbɜː(ɹ)nəm/
Forms: form: viburnums
form: viburna
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin vīburnum.
Senses: examples: text: Thus he diſcovered two or three kinds of oaks, a few viburna, and ſome trees of the maple genus, with a wild ſort of Japaneſe pear.
ref: 1797, William [Fordyce] Mavor, “Travels in Japan and Other Countries, by Charles Peter Thunberg, […]”, in Historical Account of the Most Celebrated Voyages, Travels, and Discoveries, from the Time of Columbus to the Present Period, volume XV, London: […] E[lizabeth] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 218:
text: Adowa moschatellina. — Although it quite differs from the elder-trees, viburna and honey-suckles as far as the general appearance is concerned, says Siclain, it occurs in the neighbourhood of these plants.
ref: 1927 January, E. Gérardin, “About the So-Called Musky Odours in the Three Kingdoms of Nature”, in La Parfumerie moderne : revue scientifique et de défense professionnelle, 20th year, number 1 (overall work in French), Lyon: Publications Pierre Argence, →OCLC, page 88, column 1:
text: But such knowledge is simply ungermane to aesthetics. When one studies the biochemistry of plants, one may afterwards be more tolerant in one’s taste toward thornbushes and dandelions (for they too are wonderfully evolved) but still aesthetically prefer viburna and hyacinths for very good reasons that have nothing to do with botanical science.
ref: 1980, Comparative Civilizations Bulletin, volume 9, Dayton, Oh.: International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations, →ISSN, →OCLC:
glosses: Any of many shrubs and trees, of the genus Viburnum, native to the Northern Hemisphere that have showy clusters of flowers.
Synonyms: arrowwood
Derived terms: black haw viburnum
Burkwood viburnum
vicariousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vicariousnesses
Etymology: From vicarious + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality of being vicarious.
vicennial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From vicennium + -al or directly from Latin vīcenniālis, from vīcennium (“20-year span”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjective-forming suffix), from vīcennis (“20-year”) + -ium (“-ium”, suffix forming abstract nouns), from vīciēs (“20 times”) + annus (“year”) + -is (suffix forming compound adjectives). Equivalent to vice- (“twenty”) + -ennial.
Senses: glosses: Occurring once every twenty years.
glosses: Lasting for twenty years.
Synonyms: vigintennial
Related terms: english: yearly
translation: yearly
word: annual
sense: Lasting for twenty years.
word: biennial
word: triennial
word: quadrennial
word: quinquennial
word: sexennial
word: septennial
word: octennial
word: novennial
word: decennial
word: centennial (100)
word: bicentennial (200)
word: quincentennial (500)
word: millennial (1000)
word: decamillennial (10,000)
english: forever
translation: forever
word: perennial
vicennial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vicennials
Etymology: From vicennium + -al or directly from Latin vīcenniālis, from vīcennium (“20-year span”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjective-forming suffix), from vīcennis (“20-year”) + -ium (“-ium”, suffix forming abstract nouns), from vīciēs (“20 times”) + annus (“year”) + -is (suffix forming compound adjectives). Equivalent to vice- (“twenty”) + -ennial.
Senses: examples: text: The maps are presented at 20-year intervals (vicennials) because of the nature of the data, particularly for years prior to 1960 when estimation procedures were not nearly as developed as today.
ref: 2022, Ira M. Sheskin, et al, “United States Jewish Population 2020”, in American Jewish Year Book 2020, page 176:
glosses: A twenty-year period
examples: text: Among the well established anniversaries celebrated by Chautauqua classes from year to year are the vicennials. A strong sense of comradeship is developed among members who come to Chautauqua twenty years after graduation...
ref: 1909 June, John H. Vincent & al., "'89's Vicennial", The Chautauquan, Vol. 55, No. 1, p. 130
glosses: A twentieth anniversary, particularly
examples: text: The feast of Constantine's vicennials fell on the 25th of July this year: it was the commencement of the twentieth year of his reign. It is supposed, that to avoid interrupting affairs or greater moment, this ceremony was deferred till the end of the council, which broke up the 25th of August.
ref: 1776, Charles le Beau, The History of Constantine the Great, page 267:
text: Roman coins mentioning the vota publica for Macrinus are RIC IV.1 5–13; on vota publica for the decennials and vicennials of emperors in the 2nd and 3rd c. ad, see Chastagnol 1984.
ref: 2022, Martin Hallmannsecker, Roman Ionia..., p. 110
glosses: A twentieth anniversary, particularly
Synonym of vicennalia, the festival and religious ritual held in the 20th year of a Roman emperor's reign.
synonyms: word: vicennalia
extra: the festival and religious ritual held in the 20th year of a Roman emperor's reign
Coordinate terms: sense: Roman festival
word: decennial
sense: Roman festival
word: tricennial
vichyssoise
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvɪʃiˈswɑːz/
Forms: form: vichyssoises
Etymology: From French vichyssoise (literally “from Vichy”).
Senses: glosses: A thick, creamy soup made from potato, leeks, onions, and chicken stock, and normally served cold.
videodisk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: videodisks
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of videodisc.
videophone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: videophones
Etymology: From video + phone.
Senses: synonyms: word: vidphone
topics: science-fiction
literature
publishing
media
word: viewphone
word: picturephone
word: visionphone
coordinate_terms: photophone
smartphone
feature phone
beeper
pager
email appliance
videotext terminal
fax machine
internet appliance
glosses: A telephone capable of transmitting both audio and video signals in both directions.
synonyms: word: vidphone
topics: science-fiction
literature
publishing
media
word: viewphone
word: picturephone
word: visionphone
coordinate_terms: photophone
smartphone
feature phone
beeper
pager
email appliance
videotext terminal
fax machine
internet appliance
smartphone
featurephone
cameraphone
photophone
glosses: A telephone capable of transmitting both audio and video signals in both directions.
A cellphone with such capability. Used to distinguish from stills-only camera cellphones and camera-less cellphones.
viewership
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: viewerships
Etymology: From viewer + -ship.
Senses: examples: text: After the pandemic, MLG lost a lot of its viewership and profits which led it to close. The MLG Twitter account is no longer active and the mlg.com website directs to Battlenet instead of its old website.
ref: 2023 October 13, Daniel Appleford, “Fans support MLG being brought back under Microsoft acquisition”, in Dexerto:
glosses: percentage of viewers that watched television programs or other video broadcasts.
vigilantism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vigilantisms
form: vigilanteism
Etymology: From vigilante + -ism.
Senses: examples: text: Mr Shapiro also criticised the way Israel governs in the occupied lands, saying “too much Israeli vigilantism in the West Bank goes unchecked,” he said.
ref: 2016 February 6, James Zogby, “Israel’s prickliness blocks the long quest for peace”, in The National, archived from the original on 22 May 2021, retrieved 08 Feb 2016:
glosses: The activities of a vigilante; acting outside of legal authority, often violently, to punish or avenge a crime, right a perceived wrong, etc.
vigilantist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From vigilante + -ist.
Senses: glosses: Of, pertaining to or characteristic of a vigilante.
vignettist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vignettists
Etymology: From vignette + -ist.
Senses: glosses: a person who makes vignettes; a vignetter
book signing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: book signings
Senses: topics: authorship
broadcasting
communications
film
journalism
literature
media
publishing
television
writing
glosses: An event where an author signs copies of her/his books for fans.
book signings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of book signing
vileness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vilenesses
Etymology: From vile + -ness.
Senses: glosses: the state of being vile
glosses: a vile act
villeinage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: villeinages
form: villainage
form: villanage
form: villenage
Etymology: From Middle English vilenage, villeinage, villenage, from Old French vilenage, villenage, Anglo-Norman vileinage, villeinage, and Medieval Latin vileināgium, villenāgium. By surface analysis, villein + -age.
Senses: glosses: The state of being a villein.
glosses: A feudal system involving villeins; serfdom.
altricial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ælˈtɹɪʃəl/
rhymes: -ɪʃəl
Forms: form: more altricial
form: most altricial
Etymology: From New Latin Altrices (a former division of birds), plural of altrīx, the feminine of altor (“nourisher”), from alere (“to nourish”).
Senses: examples: text: Altricial young are typical among carnivores, which might be expected to be hampered in their hunting behaviour if the pregnant mother has to carry its young for a long period.
ref: 2001, Gonyou, Keeling & Keeling, Social Behaviour in Farm Animals, CABI Publishing, published 2001, page 63:
text: First, humans are altricial, with immature newborns and a long childhood.
ref: 2011, Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature, Penguin, published 2012, page 281:
text: First, compared to other species, babies are altricial, meaning that they are weak, undermuscled, fat, and uncoordinated (sorry, babies, but it's true).
ref: 2016, Joseph Henrich, chapter 5, in The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
ornithology
glosses: Helpless at birth (of young animals); or having young which are helpless at birth.
Synonyms: altricious
nidicolous
Derived terms: altricially
semialtricial
subaltricial
superaltricial
altricial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ælˈtɹɪʃəl/
rhymes: -ɪʃəl
Forms: form: altricials
Etymology: From New Latin Altrices (a former division of birds), plural of altrīx, the feminine of altor (“nourisher”), from alere (“to nourish”).
Senses: glosses: Such an animal.
Related terms: precocial
vincible
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Latin vincibilis (“conquerable”), from vincere (“to conquer”).
Senses: examples: text: He, not easily vincible in spirit […] drew his sword.
ref: a. 1628 (date written), John Hayward, The Life, and Raigne of King Edward the Sixt, London: […] [Eliot’s Court Press, and J. Lichfield at Oxford?] for Iohn Partridge, […], published 1630, →OCLC:
text: vincible by human aid
ref: 1796, William Paley, A View of the Evidences of Christianity:
glosses: Capable of being defeated or overcome; assailable or vulnerable.
Synonyms: sense: capable of being defeated
word: conquerable
sense: capable of being defeated
word: defeatable
sense: capable of being defeated
word: weak
Derived terms: vincibility
vincible ignorance
vincibly
vindicator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vindicators
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin vindicātor, equivalent to vindicate + -or.
Senses: examples: text: Little thought the good-natured vindicator of Lady Anne's offspring (to all of whom he was sincerely attached) that he had drawn upon one that which she held to be the great misfortune of her life a short time afterwards.
ref: 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XX, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 251:
glosses: A person who vindicates.
violist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvaɪ.əl.ɪst/
Forms: form: violists
Etymology: From viol + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A person who plays the viol.
violist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvaɪ.əl.ɪst/
ipa: /viˈəʊ.lɪst/
ipa: /viˈoʊ.lɪst/
ipa: /ˈvaɪ.əl.ɪst/
Forms: form: violists
Etymology: From viola + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: But those who attack violists shouldn't throw resin. Once the ergonomic viola catches on what instrument will be immune?
ref: 1997 August 9, Edward Rothstein, “A Comeback for the Viola. No Joking.”, in The New York Times:
text: […] on Sunday four more violinists, a second violist and a harpsichordist were added to give the ripieno sections of the fast movements a heftier punch than the smaller group delivered.
ref: 2009 January 20, Allan Kozinn, “Shafts of Sun in Winter From the Italian Baroque”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A person who plays the viola.
Derived terms: bass violist
division-violist
lyra violist
violoncellist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: violoncellists
Etymology: From violoncello + -ist.
Senses: glosses: a person who plays the violoncello
predictive text
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A system for inputting text on a device where individual buttons correspond to several characters that attempts to guess which word was intended (typically out of a writable vocabulary), as opposed to a system where disambiguation is achieved through repeated presses of the same key.
examples: text: […] whereas before it more ^([sic]) akin to a typewriter, nowadays, with built in functions such as spelling check and predictive text, Microsoft Word has evolved to the point where it appears to “know” what you would like to do.
ref: 2012, Anthony Elliott, Routledge Handbook of Identity Studies, page 138:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A system, as in a word processor, that attempts to predict and autocomplete the text being typed.
Related terms: predictive texting
textonym
viperous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more viperous
form: most viperous
Etymology: From viper + -ous.
Senses: glosses: of or pertaining to a viper
examples: text: viperous as the suicide foam of captive Judas (iii)
ref: 1820, Charles Maturin, Melmoth the Wanderer:
text: Back home the portrait of Trujillo, which every good citizen had hanging in his house, beamed down on him with insipid, viperous benevolence.
ref: 2007, Junot Díaz, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, Faber and Faber (2009), page 230:
glosses: venomous, malicious or treacherous
Derived terms: viperously
vireo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvi.ɹi.oʊ/
Forms: form: vireos
form: vireoes
Etymology: From translingual Vireo (genus name), from Latin vireō (“I am green”).
Senses: examples: text: The voices of male vireos are a constant in the spring woodland, providing background music to the longer, prettier songs of tanagers and thrushes. Vireos tend to sing in bursts interrupted by short or long pauses.
ref: 1998, Sally Roth, Attracting Birds to Your Backyard, page 257:
text: Uniquely American, the vireos are a group of some 46 foliage-gleaning forest birds with uncertain family connections. Vireo species are about equally divided between North and South America, with one, the Black-whiskered Vireo, largely restricted to the West Indies. Several vireos make long migratory journeys; all are nocturnal migrants.
ref: 2007, Jonathan Elphick, The Atlas of Bird Migration: Tracing the Great Journeys of the World's Birds, page 72:
text: 2012, Eloise Potter, Birds of the Carolinas, Easyread Large Edition, page 94,
This is our only vireo that has two white wing bars, yellow spectacles, and yellow sides.
glosses: Any of a number of small insectivorous passerine birds, of the genus Vireo, that have grey-green plumage.
examples: text: Family Vireonidae
Vireos
The vireos are slim grayish green birds that stay high up in the trees most of the time.
ref: 1950, Ernest Sheldon Booth, Birds of the West, page 282:
glosses: Any bird of the family Vireonidae, which includes vireos, shrike-vireos, greenlets, and peppershrikes.
Derived terms: word: Bell's vireo
word: Hutton's vireo
taxonomic: Vireolanius spp.
word: shrike-vireo
word: warbling vireo
virology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /vaɪˈɹɒləd͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɒlədʒi
Forms: form: virologies
Etymology: From viro- + -logy.
Senses: glosses: The branch of microbiology that deals with the study of viruses and viral diseases.
Derived terms: astrovirology
coronavirology
cryptovirology
flavivirology
immunovirology
mycovirology
neurovirology
paleovirology
retrovirology
rotavirology
serovirology
Related terms: vectorology
virological
virologist
virtuosity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvɜː(ɹ)tjuˈɒsɪti/
Forms: form: virtuosities
Etymology: From virtuoso + -ity (“quality of”); the terminal -o drops out. Compare Middle English vertuosite (“virtuous quality or character”).
Senses: glosses: The technical skills and fluent style of a virtuoso.
glosses: Lovers of the elegant arts as a class.
virtuousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: virtuousnesses
Etymology: From Middle English vertuousnesse; equivalent to virtuous + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state of being virtuous.
Synonyms: goodness
virulence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɪɹjələns/
ipa: /ˈvɪɹələns/
Forms: form: virulences
Etymology: From Middle French virulence, from Late Latin virulentia.
Senses: examples: text: Francis was enraged at the interference, and opposition made him more in earnest; but just at this time, the civil war, which had hitherto left their part of the country comparatively quiet, arose with great virulence in their immediate vicinity.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter V, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 61:
glosses: The state of being virulent.
glosses: A measure of how virulent a thing is.
Derived terms: antivirulence
avirulence
cardiovirulence
hypervirulence
hypovirulence
neurovirulence
nonvirulence
urovirulence
package management system
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: package management systems
Senses: examples: text: In Red Hat, use the glint package management system and the Applications subdirectory to locate the font files.
ref: 1999, Bernice Sacks Lipkin, LaTeX for Linux:
text: It is, however, weak on configuration amenities for newcomers, and it uses no package management system comparable to RPM or Debian's package manager, so it is more difficult to maintain.
ref: 2000, Roderick W Smith, The Multi-Boot Configuration Handbook:
text: If your system uses a package management system, you can query that system's database to see if the attr package and its associated library, libattr, are installed.
ref: 2006, Bill Von Hagen, Brian K Jones, Linux Server Hacks: Tips & Tools for Connecting, Monitoring, and Troubleshooting:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: PMS
glosses: A package manager: the tool used by an operating system to manage software installation.
clothes shop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: clothes shops
Senses: glosses: A shop that sells clothes.
Frankish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈfɹæŋkɪʃ/
Forms: form: more Frankish
form: most Frankish
Etymology: From Frank + -ish. Compare Middle English Frenkisch, Frenkis (“Frankish, French”), Old English Frencisc (“Frankish, French”). More at French.
Doublet of French.
Senses: examples: text: The Frankish monk Smaragdus, who wrote at the beginning of the 9th century […]
ref: 1945, E[lizabeth] G[idley] Withycombe, “Introduction”, in The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page xii:
glosses: Of or pertaining to the Franks.
glosses: In or of the language of the Franks.
Synonyms: Francic
Franconian
Gallic
Frankian
Francian
Frankish
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈfɹæŋkɪʃ/
Etymology: From Frank + -ish. Compare Middle English Frenkisch, Frenkis (“Frankish, French”), Old English Frencisc (“Frankish, French”). More at French.
Doublet of French.
Senses: glosses: The language of the Franks, an ancient West Germanic language, ancestral to Dutch.
Synonyms: Old Frankish
Related terms: Old Franconian
horloge
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: horloges
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of horologe.
besetment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: besetments
Etymology: From beset + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: A common threat to icebreakers is besetment, where they are trapped in the ice and unable to ram the ice to escape.
glosses: The state of being beset.
icebreakers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of icebreaker
AANBUS
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of Australian Antarctic Building System: a modular construction system used by Australia for its buildings in Antarctica.
sciomancy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsaɪəˌmænsi/
Etymology: From Late Latin sciomantia, from Ancient Greek σκιά (skiá, “shadow”) + μαντεία (manteía, “divination”).
Senses: glosses: divination using shadows
glosses: divination using ghosts or spirits
Related terms: sciomancer
bibliomancy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bibliomancies
Etymology: From biblio- + -mancy.
Senses: glosses: Divination by interpreting a passage chosen at random from a book, especially from the Bible.
Synonyms: stichomancy
Related terms: rhapsodomancy
visitant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈvɪzɪtənt/
Forms: form: more visitant
form: most visitant
Etymology: From French visitant, present participle of visiter.
Senses: examples: text: 1677, Thomas d’Urfey, Madam Fickle, or, The Witty False One, London: James Magnes & Richard Bentley, Act III, Scene 2, p. 33,
Now the plots unravell’d: I begin to have a knowledge of the visitant Kinsman that us’d to molest us.
text: Sermons were not encouraged, as the demand on the use of the famous altar by visitant priests and their pilgrims was heavy on Sunday mornings, and even a short sermon held up the next Mass on the list.
ref: 1965, Muriel Spark, The Mandelbaum Gate, London: Macmillan, Part Two, Chapter 6:
glosses: Visiting.
visualizer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: visualizers
Etymology: From visualize + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone who visualizes; especially someone whose mental imagery is visual.
examples: text: […]an HTML visualizer that converts HTML code to a Web page[…]
ref: 2010, Michael Halvorson, Microsoft® Visual Basic® 2010 Step by Step:
glosses: That which provides a visualization.
examples: text: Fittingly, “Mood Swings” ft. Lil Tijay has found a viral star to anchor its music video in actress, model, and former Kylie Jenner bff Jordyn Woods. In the visualizer, Jordyn Woods is the central baddie with a fatty, posing in pools and in sports cars with other baddies Dylan and Dakota Gonzalez.
ref: 2020 August 20, Chris Murphy, “Lil’ Baddie Jordyn Woods Stars in Pop Smoke’s Posthumous Video for ‘Mood Swings’”, in Vulture:
text: The same weekend the album was released, a movielike thing called “The Release Party of a Showgirl” played in cinemas around the world. This “film” would consist of a new music video, behind-the-scenes content and a string of visualizers.
ref: 2025 October 16, Mitch Therieau, “Taylor Swift Is Our Biggest Cinematic Universe. But the Magic Is Fading.”, in The New York Times Magazine, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A video accompanying a song, usually simpler than a typical music video, intended to be a visual representation of the song.
glosses: A person in the advertising industry who produces artwork for presentations.
vitalization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vitalizations
form: vitalisation
Etymology: From vital + -ization.
Senses: glosses: The act of vitalizing; enlivenment; vivification.
vitally
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvaɪ.tə.li/
Forms: form: more vitally
form: most vitally
Etymology: From vital + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a manner that imparts vitality
glosses: To an extent that is vital; indispensably
Derived terms: vitally challenged
viticulturist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: viticulturists
Etymology: From viticulture + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A person who grows grapevines.
Synonyms: viticulturalist
viticulturer
winegrower
Related terms: viniculturist
vivaciousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From vivacious + -ness.
Senses: glosses: the state of being vivacious; vivacity