cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Xiyang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: shēʹyängʹ
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 昔陽 /昔阳.
Senses: examples: text: In September last year, under the earnest concern of Chairman Mao and the party Central Committee, Comrade Hua Kuo-feng delivered at the National Conference on Learning From Tachai in Agriculture, held in Hsiyang County in our province, a summary report, "The Whole Party Must Get Mobilized To Make Ever Greater Efforts To Develop Agriculture and Struggle To Build Tachai-Type Counties Everywhere."
ref: [1976 November 5 [1976 November 2], Taning County CCP Committee, “The 'Gang of Four' Sabotaged the Campaign to Learn From Tachai in Agriculture in a Vain Attempt to Restore Capitalism”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 215, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page K 4:
text: After an initial stay of five days in Beijing, I was scheduled to visit Dazhai Production Brigade in Xiyang County of Shanxi Province.
ref: 1979, Govind Kelkar, “Learning From Dazhai”, in China After Mao: A Report on Socialist Development, New Delhi: USHA Publications, →OCLC, page 12:
text: As national models, Dazhai and Xiyang reached the zenith of their prominence in the period after the two national conferences on building Dazhai-type counties held in September 1975 and December 1976.
Chen Yonggui, the Party secretary of Dazhai Village since 1952 or 1953, had been the most powerful figure in Xiyang since 1967 in his capacity as the chairman of the Xiyang Revolutionary Committee and a member of a Party core group.
ref: 1982, “National Agricultural Policy: The Dazhai Model and Local Change in the Post-Mao Era”, in The Transition to Socialism in China, M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 267:
text: The village of about 100 households and 500 people in the poor and remote Xiyang county of Shanxi province was an important agricultural model under Mao Zedong.
ref: 1994 September 18, “Dazhai brought in from the cold”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 07 Jun 2023:
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Shouyang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Mandarin 壽陽 /寿阳.
Senses: examples: text: Three American missionaries were reported today to have disappeared from Shouyang in East Shansi Province. They have not been seen since the night of Dec. 2, when they left the mission to visit a friend.
ref: 1937 December 14, “AMERICANS VANISH IN CHINA; Missionaries Not Seen Since Leaving Japanese-Held Town”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 06 Aug 2023, page 23:
text: The article looked at the situation in Shouyang county, adjacent to Hsiyang county, Shansi, home of Tachai. Shouyang, according to Red Flag, had failed to benefit from proximity to China's agricultural pace-setter, for class enemies[…]
ref: 1974, Current Scene: Developments in Mainland China, volumes 12-13, →OCLC, page 17, column 2:
text: After he had passed the imperial examination in Peking, he acquired the title of jinshi* and was appointed a Hanlin (imperial college) academician by the Qing court. He was Prefect of Shouyang County in Shanxi Province.
ref: 1998, Xiao-meng Qin, “The Qin Clan”, in Heartbeats and Heartaches: Memoirs of an Intellectual Family in China, 1stBooks Library, published 2003, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 8:
text: Using examples from Shouyang county in Shanxi province, this paper discusses the concepts of locality in both official and local sources, especially in the context of financing local cults.
ref: 2017, Luo Weiwei [羅娓娓], “Locality and Temple Fundraising in Northern Qing China”, in Hsun Chang [張珣], Benjamin Perry [裴凝], editors, Religion in Taiwan and China: Locality and Transmission [台灣與中國之宗教:地方性與傳承], Taipei: Academia Sinica, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 37:
english: 台灣與中國之宗教:地方性與傳承
translation: 台灣與中國之宗教:地方性與傳承
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Yuci
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: yüʹtsûʹ
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 榆次 (Yúcì).
Senses: examples: text: SHANSI ROADS.[…]
In August of this year and immediately following fairly heavy rains in this district, the writer made three attempts in as many days to get out on to the Yutzu or Fenchowfu sections, but failed to do so even when using two coolies to the one ricksha.[…]Fig. 2 shows the customary neglect even in a main street running north and south through Yutzu, one of the most important commercial centers in the province. Yutzu is a walled city, and prior to 1913, when the Chengtai Railroad was completed, goods were forwarded to this place from the Chihli province for distribution.
ref: [1922 December 29, “Roads in North China”, in The Engineer, volume CXXXIV, number 3496, London, →OCLC, page 682, column 2:
text: Founded in 1954 in Yuci, Shanxi province, Jingwei is China's biggest textile machinery maker.
ref: 1995 December 18, “Jingwei Textile faces flotation fight”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 02 Dec 2023:
text: Workers in protective suits collect environmental samples for COVID-19 testing at a village after 2 asymptomatic coronavirus cases were reported, in Yuci district of Jinzhong, Shanxi province, China January 12, 2021.
ref: 2021 March 4, Ryan Woo, Roxanne Liu, Hyonhee Shin, Inti Landauro, Ludwig Burger, Stephanie Nebehay, Tom Daly, “Factbox: China's anal tests for coronavirus upset visitors”, in Clarence Fernandez, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 05 Mar 2021, World News:
glosses: A district of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Heshun
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: hŭʹsho͝onʹ
Forms: form: Ho-shun
Etymology: From Mandarin 和順 /和顺 (Héshùn).
Senses: examples: text: Shansi Province:
Establishment of Tsochuan (1563 2938) County with part of the administrative district of Hoshun County in the Chinchung Special District to become the administrative district of Tsochuan County. The county people's council is to be seated in the former seat of Tsochuan County.
ref: [1960 April 20 [1960 April 17], “Changes Made in Administrative Areas”, in Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts, number 77, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page BBB 6:
text: But the additional detail in the tenancy map suggests a subtlety which was missing when we discussed inequality — missing perhaps because we do not have comprehensive hsien level data for the latter variable. That is that within-province variations in tenancy may in some cases yield a positive correlation with Communist influence. For example, not only does the county of Fushih (Yenan) appear darker than the surrounding areas (as we would expect from its rather high equal share percentage), other counties in other base areas show a similar tendency. Foup’ing in northwest Hopei (a county central to the Shansi-Chahar-Hopei base), Hoshun in southeast Shansi (the first county developed for the Shansi-Hopei-Shantung-Honan Border Region), and several of the counties in the north Anhwei bases stand out from their immediate background.
ref: [1969, Roy Hofheinz, Jr., “The Ecology of Chinese Communist Success: Rural Influence Patterns, 1923-45”, in A. Doak Barnett, editor, Chinese Communist Politics in Action, University of Washington Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 61:
text: Recent examples of environmental pollution and natural resource degradation issues faced by the investment community, government, and private citizens in China highlight the broad spectrum of China’s environmental and related health challenges. These challenges include drinking water shortages, such as those arising from the massive industrial accident in Chongqing municipality in December 2003."⁴ They also include harmful children’s health situations, such as the high congenital birth defect rates recently recorded in places such as Heshun County in Shanxi Province.⁵
ref: 2005, Richard J. Ferris Jr., Hongjun Zhang, “Environmental Law in the People's Republic of China”, in China's Environment and the Challenge of Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 67:
text: A cluster of quakes ranging between magnitude 4.8 and 5.2 struck Heshun county in Shanxi on June 5.
ref: 2011 November 27, Raymond Li, “A dying art that could reduce tragedy”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 02 Aug 2021:
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Zuoquan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: dzôʹchüǎnʹ
Forms: form: Tsochuan
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 左權 /左权 (Zuǒquán, literally “Zuo Quan”), a general in the Chinese Red Army who died in 1942.
For the name of the county, the correct standard formatting of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization is Zuǒquán Xiàn and is not Zuǒ Quán Xiàn. The 1984 rule states that when a person's name is used in a place name, the surname and given name in the place name are joined together without a space between them. The rule gives Zuoquan County as an example application for the rule.
Senses: examples: text: Yü Shê is the county adjoining Liao Chou on the west, and has been rather a difficult field.[...]The governor of our province has subscribed $500 (Mex.) toward the purchase of X-ray equipment for the Liao Chou Hospital.
ref: [1924 May, “China Notes for February”, in The Missionary Visitor, volume XXVI, number 5, →OCLC, page 143:
text: Matian Bridge, built recently in Zuoquan County, an old revolutionary base in Shanxi, was opened to traffic on 1 August.[…]
Matian is the place where the general headquarters of the Eighth Route Army was located during the War of Resistance Against Japan. Proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, Peng Dehuai, Zuo Quan and other comrades commanded important battles here.[…]The bridge was completed after its construction had been in full swing for 20 months. Proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation and the people of Zuoquan have got their long-cherished wish.
ref: 1983 August 8 [1983 August 6], “Deng Xiaoping Greets Shanxi Bridge Completion”, in Daily Report: China, number 153, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Beijing XINHUA Domestic Service, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, PRC Regional Affairs: North Region, page R 3:
text: On July 7 of the same year, the Provisional Assembly of Representatives of the Shanxi-Hebei-Henan Border Area was inaugurated in Liaoxian County (now Zuoquan County), Shanxi Province.
ref: 1992, Deng Xiaoping, Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 314:
text: The "Xiaohuaxi" (small lantern dance) found in Zuoquan, Shanxi Province is also a kind of small local opera.
ref: 1999, 孙景琛 [Sun Jingchen], 罗雄岩 [Luo Xiongyan], 资华筠 [Zi Huayun], translated by Li Jinhui, Liu Jun, and Zhang Qizhi, edited by 资华筠 [Zi Huayun], 中国舞蹈 [Chinese Dance] (中国文化艺术丛书 [Chinese Culture and Art Series]), Beijing: 文化艺术出版社 [Culture and Art Publishing House], →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 75:
english: Culture and Art Publishing House
translation: Culture and Art Publishing House
text: In mid-September of 2002, a month before the competition in Xianju, Zuoquan County organized a large-scale commemoration for a local Eighth Route Army general.
ref: 2020, Levi S. Gibbs, Faces of Tradition in Chinese Performing Arts, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL:
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
wikipedia: Zuo Quan
Yushe
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: yüʹshǔʹ
Etymology: From Mandarin 榆社 (Yúshè).
Senses: examples: text: The Yü Shê County official is being entertained in our hospital at the present time. He had the misfortune to be thrown from his horse and broke his arm at the elbow. He has taken considerable interest in reading the Bible and other Christian literature. Yü Shê is the county adjoining Liao Chou on the west, and has been rather a difficult field.
ref: [1924 May, “China Notes for February: Liao Chou”, in The Missionary Visitor, volume XXVI, number 5, →OCLC, page 143:
text: Shansi[…]Over the past 3 years, Yushe County has delivered 2,100,000 catties of medicinal herbs to the State. In the first 10 months of 1974, the county produced 600,000 catties of medicinal herbs, thus overfulfilling the annual procurement[…]
ref: 1975, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East. Weekly Supplement, →OCLC, page 12:
text: Deep canyons in a highly dissected plateau in Yushe County, Shanxi Province, China, expose the fossil-bearing deposits investigated by the American Museum and Chinese team.
ref: 1987 December, “Year in Review”, in Rotunda, volume 12, number 11, New York: Waldon Press, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 6:
text: Sending working teams to rectify backward party branches, and sending cadres to hold posts in rural areas, are also effective methods that should be continuously carried out after being summarized and perfected. At the same time, we should make great efforts to explore new methods. For example, Yushe County adopted the method of making rich villages merge with poor and smaller villages to improve backward party branches; this is a good method that suits the actual needs of poor mountain areas.
ref: 1995 October 25 [1995 August 26], Hu Fuguo, “Set Strict Demands, Do Solid Work, and Greet the Seventh Provincial Party Congress With Significant Achievements”, in FBIS, transl., Daily Report: China, number 95-206, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan SHANXI RIBAO (山西日报) 27 August 1995 pp 1, 2, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, North Region, page 79, columns 1–2:
text: It is a pity that no formal record of the first mammalian fossils obtained by Andersson's collectors from Yushe County can be found. Andersson did not pay much attention to the localities that yielded only poor fossils during his early exploration.
ref: 2013, Qiu Zhan-Xiang, Richard H. Tedford, “History and Scientific Exploration”, in Late Cenozoic Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province, China: Geology and Fossil Mammals, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 12, column 1:
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Taigu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 太谷.
Senses: examples: text: Education docs not alienate the youth from their class and rural roots. Young school graduates in Taiku county, Shansi province, return to their home villages to become commune farmers.
ref: [1966 January, Soong Ching Ling, Yuan Ling, “Sixteen Years of Liberation”, in China Reconstructs, volume XV, number I, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 7, column 2:
glosses: A district of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China, formerly a county.
Pingyao
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɪŋ.jaʊ/
enpr: pǐngʹyouʹ
Forms: form: P'ing-yao
Etymology: From Mandarin 平遙 /平遥 (Píngyáo).
Senses: examples: text: IN the Province of Xanſi, near to Pingiao, is a great Fall of Water, which makes ſuch a noiſe, that it is heard ſome miles diſtant.
ref: [1669, John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, →OCLC, page 236:
text: The Japanese plans called for the occupation of Taiyüan by October 30th, and then they were to move southward along the Tungpu railway and occupy the whole province. They occupied Taiyüan on November 9th and occupied a few towns south and east of the city, including Pingyao. Their conduct in Pingyao was typical of their activities everywhere; they entered the city, beat in the doors with their rifles, entered and searched for money, valuables, food—and women. They looted the entire city—though most of the population had fled—and they raped and then carried off the young women for the use of their troops in Taiyüan. This story is told me by a foreigner who witnessed these scenes.
But soon the Japanese began to retreat from Pingyao and from the other places they had occupied around Taiyüan.
ref: 1938, Agnes Smedley, China Fights Back: An American Woman With the Eighth Route Army, London: Victor Gollancz Ltd, →OCLC, page 236:
text: In a raid conducted upon all British missions in Taiyuan and Pingyao, in Shansi, on July 10, the provincial police arrested 59 members of what they called the China Self-Sacrificing Salvation League, the “Asahi Shimbun” reported.
ref: 1939 August 16, “Japanese Arrest Two Canadians”, in North-China Herald, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 268, column 1:
text: A gas explosion inside a coal mine in northern China has killed 15 miners and left another nine injured, authorities said Tuesday.
The blast occurred Monday afternoon at a mine operated by the local Feng Yan Group in Shanxi province’s Pingyao county. Rescue work was halted early Tuesday morning after everyone was accounted for.
ref: 2019 November 19, “15 killed, 9 injured in northern China coal mine explosion”, in AP News, archived from the original on 07 Sep 2022:
text: In addition to the mine closures, the floods disrupted rail service on several lines in Shanxi Province and caused part of the ancient city wall of Pingyao, one of China’s best-preserved medieval towns, to collapse.
ref: 2021 October 12, Amy Qin, Amy Chang Chien, “As Floods Ravage China, 13 Die After Bus Falls Off Bridge”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 12 Oct 2021:
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Lingshi
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /(ˈ)lɪŋˈʃi/
enpr: lǐngʹshûʹ
Forms: form: Ling-shih
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 靈石 /灵石.
Senses: examples: text: On 28 December 1937, a force of twenty-five men led by a platoon commander was dispatched to a village in Lingshi County, Shanxi Province, for pacification activity and to scout enemy movements.
ref: 1995, Tanaka Norio, “A Memorial to Three War Buddies”, in Beth Cary, transl., edited by Frank Gibney, Sensō: The Japanese Remember the Pacific War, M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 78:
text: Rescuers prepare to go down a coal mine at Nanshan Colliery in Lingshi county, China, November 15, 2006. Chinese police are investigating the death of a reporter beaten up while probing the country's deadly coal mines, media reported on Wednesday amid a growing outcry.
ref: 2007 January 21, Chris Buckley, Guo Shipeng, Vivi Lin, “China outcry grows over beating death of reporter”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 13 May 2022, World News:
glosses: A county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Changzhi
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌt͡ʃæŋˈd͡ʒiː/
ipa: /t͡ʃɑŋ-/
ipa: /-d͡ʒə/
enpr: chängʹjûʹ
Forms: form: Ch'ang-chih
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 長治 /长治 (Chángzhì).
Senses: examples: text: Changchih city in the central part of the region had only one small power plant and a few mills producing edible oil, wine and flour before liberation.
ref: [1972 January 18 [1972 January 16], “New Industrial Center Develops in Southeastern Shansi”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 12, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA International Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, People's Republic of China: North Region, page F 6:
text: Businessmen in Changzhi complain that construction projects supported by the local government have also been scaled back.
As a result, Changzhi’s cement plants are saddled by excess capacity. Companies in the province can produce three times as much cement as what was actually needed in 2014, according to the Shanxi Provincial Association of Building Material Industries. Two-thirds of them lost money in that year.
ref: 2015 August 28, Michael Schumann, “Zombie Factories Stalk the Sputtering Chinese Economy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 30 Aug 2015, International Business:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China.
wikipedia: Encyclopedia Britannica
Qinyuan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 沁源.
Senses: examples: text: The year 1943, when the army unit was fighting Japanese aggression around Chinyuan county in north China’s Shansi province, was a time of great difficulty.
ref: [1972 December, Kun Chun, “Army Hospital Serves the People”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXI, number 12, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 42:
text: All five workers who were trapped after a roof collapsed at a coal mine in Shanxi province in northern China have been pronounced dead, state-run CCTV reported.
The incident occurred Friday at a Fenghuangtai Coal Industry Co. mine in Qinyuan county, China News reported.
ref: 2022 August 7, “China Coal Mine Collapse Death Toll Rises to Five Workers”, in Bloomberg News:
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Wuxiang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: wo͞oʹshyängʹ
Forms: form: Wuhsiang
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 武鄉 /武乡 (Wǔxiāng).
Senses: examples: text: […]the anti-Japanese base areas in Shansi (in Wu-hsiang County) and Shantung (Wen-teng County). The report also cited villages in Lu Shan County, Honan, an area which was liberated in 1948.
ref: [1983, Kay Ann Johnson, “The 1950 Marriage Law”, in Women, the Family and Peasant Revolution in China (Asian studies/Women's studies), University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 134:
text: A man pretends to shoot during a live action role-playing game based on a computer game "Stalker", at a guerrilla warfare experiential park, one of two theme parks, on the outskirts of Wuxiang county, north China's Shanxi province, October 20, 2012.
ref: 2013 March 17, Jason Lee, “China replaces Britain in world's top five arms exporters - report”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 30 Jun 2023, Top News:
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Xiangyuan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: shyängʹyüǎnʹ
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 襄垣 (Xiāngyuán).
Senses: examples: text: In the spring of 1938 the Japanese imperialists invaded Yü-tz'u and T'ai-ku in Shansi. Everyone was in panic as the flames of war came closer and closer to Hsiang-yüan hsien.
ref: [1976, Sidney L. Greenblatt, editor, The People of Taihang, White Plains, NY: International Arts and Sciences Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 168:
text: They labored on the railroad embankment, section by section, from West Changchih Station all the way north to Wuyang, the village in Hsiangyuan County that in 1971 served as the northern terminus of the line.
ref: [1983, William Hinton, “Two Dams and a Railroad”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 226:
text: More than 100 pastors, co-workers and representatives of believers of the Christian Church in Quwo County gathered to bid farewell to the female believer Liu Chang’e who was born on April 17, 1926 in Shizidao Village, Xiangyuan County, Shanxi Province and was called to heaven at 9:35 a.m. on June 9, 2022, at the age of 97.
ref: 2022 June 22, Zhang Xiaohua, “Believers Bid Farewell to 97-Y-O Christian Who Was Spiritual Mother of Many”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 19 Jul 2022:
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
where I come from
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: examples: text: It might look odd to you, but that's how they do it where I come from.
qualifier: literal
glosses: Used to indicate that a certain expression, custom, etc. is characteristic of the speaker's place of origin.
examples: text: Where I come from, 52% is a majority.
glosses: Used to indicate that a certain conclusion should be obvious.
critisizm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of criticism.
Whitelegg
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A surname.
switchbacky
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From switchback + -y.
Senses: examples: text: Four miles of switchbacky road, and then a restriction of 40 m.p.h. between East Ham and Barking followed.
ref: 1939 November, Kenneth H. Leech, “Some Locomotive Reminiscences of a Minor Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 339:
glosses: In the nature of a switchback.
GBU
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: glosses: Abbreviation of God bless you.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Guided Bomb Unit
Kraszewski
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Kraszewskis
Etymology: Borrowed from Polish Kraszewski.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Polish.
Cernica
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Romanian Cernica.
Senses: glosses: A village and commune of Ilfov County, Romania.
Ciulnița
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Ciulnița.
Senses: glosses: A village in Leordeni, Argeș County, Romania.
glosses: A village and commune of Ialomița County, Romania.
2S
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more 2S
form: most 2S
Senses: synonyms: 2
glosses: Initialism of two-spirited.
2S
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: 2Ses
Senses: synonyms: 2
glosses: Initialism of two spirit.
Derived terms: 2SLGBT
2SLGBT?
2SLGBT?I
2SLGBTQ
2SLGBTQI
LGBT?2S
LGBT?I2S
LGBT2S
LGBTI2S
LGBTQ2S
LGBTQI2S
Clejani
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Clejani.
Senses: glosses: A village and commune of Giurgiu County, Romania.
2's
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: qualifier: numbers
glosses: plural of 2
Cocorăștii Colț
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Romanian Cocorăștii Colț.
Senses: glosses: A commune of Prahova County, Romania.
glosses: A village in Cocorăștii Colț, Prahova County, Romania.
2s
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: qualifier: numbers
glosses: plural of 2; Alternative form of twos.
Corbeanca
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Romanian Corbeanca.
Senses: glosses: A village in Vânătorii Mici, Giurgiu County, Romania.
glosses: A village and commune of Ilfov County, Romania.
Cozieni
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Romanian Cozieni.
Senses: glosses: A commune of Buzău County, Romania.
glosses: A village in Cozieni, Buzău County, Romania.
glosses: A village in Găneasa, Ilfov County, Romania.
Cănești
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Cănești.
Senses: glosses: A village and commune of Buzău County, Romania.
sense of place
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A feeling of authentic human attachment and belonging to place.
Drajna
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Romanian Drajna.
Senses: glosses: A commune of Prahova County, Romania.
Drăgoești
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Romanian Drăgoești.
Senses: glosses: A commune of Ialomița County, Romania.
glosses: A village in Drăgoești, Ialomița County, Romania.
glosses: A commune of Vâlcea County, Romania.
glosses: A village in Drăgoești, Vâlcea County, Romania.
gun-toting
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Carrying a gun, especially a pistol.
Josenii Bârgăului
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Josenii Bârgăului.
Senses: glosses: A village and commune of Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania.
Zorleni
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Zorleni.
Senses: glosses: A village and commune of Vaslui County, Romania.
Șendreni
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Șendreni.
Senses: glosses: Various villages and commune of Romania.
Șendriceni
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Șendriceni.
Senses: glosses: A commune and village in Botoșani County, Romania.
go on record
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: goes on record
form: going on record
form: went on record
form: gone on record
form: go on the record
Senses: glosses: To say something, especially something controversial, while on the record; to take a position publicly.
false bottom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: false bottoms
Senses: glosses: An internal partition in a container, typically at the bottom, enabling the concealment of objects from a cursory examination of the item's contents.
topics: geography
natural-sciences
oceanography
glosses: Synonym of deep scattering layer.
synonyms: word: deep scattering layer
East Horndon
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A small village in West Horndon parish, Brentwood borough, Essex, England (OS grid ref TQ6389).
from nowhere
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of out of nowhere.
organised religion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: organised religions
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of organized religion.
institutional religion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: institutional religions
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of organized religion.
hutkeeper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hutkeepers
Etymology: From hut + keeper.
Senses: examples: text: "Well, said the hutkeeper, bestirring himself, to make the fire burn, "I needn't have asked that. Is there a ship cast away, or have you run?"
ref: 1876, Henry Kingsley, “The Mystery of the Island”, in Good things, for the young of all ages, page 179:
text: His reason for doing so was that he found the ball had not entered through the forehead as stated by the hutkeeper, but had found its way out that way, clearly proving that the hutkeeper's statement was false.
ref: 1978, Jane Isabella Watts, Family Life in South Australia Fifty Three Years Ago, page 180:
text: On inquiring of the hutkeeper, James McAuliffe, if he saw a man pass by dressed in a factory frock and straw hat and with a gun, he said the hutkeeper told a falsehood by stating that he saw a man answering this description pass by, and pretended to point out the road which he had run.
ref: 2014, Charles White, History of Australian Bushranging:
text: The hutkeepers outfitted her with warm clothing, with climbing boots and crampons, and an outerwear suit like a pair of overalls but lined with down.
ref: 2020, Kim Stanley Robinson, The Ministry for the Future, page 305:
glosses: One who maintains a hut that can be used by hikers, climbers, etc.
hutkeepers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hutkeeper
frostburn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: frostburns
Etymology: From frost + burn.
Senses: examples: text: Precise groves set out on the hills west of Pomona (RIGHT) proved less vulnerable to frostburn than those on the flat, where the main protection was the towering eucalyptus windbreak and the sooty smudgepots.
ref: 1968, Paul C. Johnson, Los Angeles: Portrait of an Extraordinary City, page 240:
text: Freezing temperatures the last week of January, throughout much of the southeastern and Dade County areas, resulted in considerable frostburn but only a minimal amount of lost acreage.
ref: 1986, Florida Agricultural Statistics: Vegetable summary, page 11:
text: Late frostburn can be cut off and the plant will recover.
ref: 1995, Kim E. Tripp, J. C. Raulston, The Year in Trees: Superb Woody Plants for Four-season Gardens:
text: Non-winter-dormant lucerne varieties, introduced by the project (Sundar is the main variety) , have been very successful. In some cases they may suffer some frostburn but they produce throughout the year and yield more than double the yield of the landrace in the lower areas (the lower lands are in the majority)
ref: 1996, World Animal Review - Volumes 86-91, page 76:
glosses: Damage to a plant due to frost which results is leaves looking burnt.
examples: text: Yet another hazard of LPG, particularly of propane, is that of frostburn, should the liquid come into contact with the skin.
ref: 1985, Ralph William King, Roland Hudson, Construction Hazard and Safety Handbook, page 387:
text: The resulting instant frostburn is incredibly painful, not to mention dangerous.
ref: 2000, Annie Getchell, Dave Getchell, Jon Eaton, The Essential Outdoor Gear Manual, page 101:
text: I know you've been outside, if that's what you're getting at. I saw your clothes; I saw the frostburn on your face and hands.
ref: 2000, Tom Deitz, Springwar: A Tale of Eron, page 77:
text: Frostburns across the ridge of my nose, where the metal rim of my glasses pulled away the skin on a thirty-below night, always reminded me of how easy it was to keep warm on those nights by skiing with no haste.
ref: 2008, Paul Schullery, Mountain Time: A Yellowstone Memoir, page 225:
text: The latch leaves frostburns on his fingers but he doesn't feel them.
ref: 2012, Clio Gray, The Roaring of the Labyrinth:
glosses: Synonym of frostbite.
synonyms: word: frostbite
Derived terms: frostburned
frostburns
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of frostburn
cutter and paster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cutters and pasters
Senses: examples: text: She's a great cutter and paster; she can get half the magazine done in a week.
text: The editor as cutter and paster has brought together an unpretentious assemblage of literary elements: a chronological survey of Latin (what is it? ' writings', or 'readings'? literature, history, apologetics? satire...
ref: 1959, American Comparative Literature Association et al, Yearbook of Comparative and General Literature, page 75:
topics: journalism
media
glosses: An editor who cuts and pastes or copies and pastes text, stories, pictures, etc. to be published.
examples: text: Zack is a keen cutter and paster; he likes grabbing headlines from political and entertainment sites and posting them on his page.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Anyone who copies text from one source and pastes it to another, using a computer.
frostburned
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more frostburned
form: most frostburned
Etymology: From frostburn + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: Now I had heard of hunting slaves with blood-hounds, but never thought of actually seeing such a chase. Sympathy for the fugitive, quickened by impulsive, wrath against his pursuer, whoever he might be, shook me through; and when the dogs doing the baying burst out of the woods, half a dozen of them, and, taking the fence at a bound, came crashing through the frostburned corn-stalks, I confess to being ready to kill
ref: 1906, Lew Wallace, Lew Wallace; an Autobiography, page 359:
text: His frostburned face glowed with a wild joy as he shook his flintlock in the direction of the firing.
ref: 1945, George Tracy Marsh, Ask No Quarter, page 20:
text: The Rose droops in the death-cold blast. Its velvet petals, red as heart's blood, begin to wither, frostburned.
ref: 2013, Sarah Ash, Songspinners:
glosses: Afflicted with frostburn.
Tawa
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Borrowed from Maori; see English tawa (“tree”).
Senses: glosses: An outer suburb of Wellington, Wellington region, New Zealand.
Tunliu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: to͝onʹlyōʹ
Etymology: From Mandarin 屯留 (Túnliú).
Senses: examples: text: Not far from the Lu , in what is now Tun-liu district (12), the Liu-yü settled (13). The old town of Tun-liu, still reminding us of their name, lay further south than the present town of that name, and was already mentioned in the Han geography (Han-shu ch. 28 A, p. 44b).
ref: [1971, Jaroslav Průšek, Chinese Statelets and the Northern Barbarians in the Period 1400-300 B.C., →OCLC, page 152:
text: Further investigation showed that Ch’en’s wife’s home served as the liaison station for Kuomintang agents in Tunliu County, part of a network of stations leading from Southeast Shansi down into Honan.
ref: 1983, William H. Hinton, “Anatomy of a Frame-up”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 576:
text: The masses were mobilized not only to perform typical activities that are part of agricultural production, but also unusual ones such as killing sparrows and rats that were reportedly competing with humans for food. For instance, in 1958, the people of Tunliu County in Shanxi Province were determined to kill all sparrows and rats within their territory.
ref: 2009, Shiping Hua, “Reforms within Communism: China”, in Chinese Utopianism: A Comparative Study of Reformist Thought with Japan and Russia, 1898-1997 (Chinese Studies/Political Theory), Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 71:
glosses: A district of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Paremata
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Borrowed from Maori.
Senses: glosses: A suburb of Porirua, Wellington region, New Zealand.
Licheng
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Mandarin 黎城 (Líchéng).
Senses: examples: text: In a self-reliant spirit, the poor and lower-middle peasants of Nanweichuang commune, Licheng County, Shansi Province, have established a health department in the commune and health stations in the various brigades, thus solving the problem of lack of medical and health service in this remote area.
ref: 1969 December 22 [1969 December 9], “Shansi Medical Work”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 246, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA Domestic, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, Communist China: North Region, page F 4:
text: As for the People category, Huaifeng Li took first place with a beautiful photograph, entitled "Showtime," of a group of actors getting ready for an opera performance in Licheng County in China's Shanxi Province.
ref: 2019 June 12, Tamara Hardingham-Gill, “2019 National Geographic Travel Photographer of the Year winners”, in CNN, archived from the original on 13 Jun 2019:
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Pingshun
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɪŋ.ʃʌn/
ipa: /-ʃun/
enpr: pǐngʹsho͝onʹ
Forms: form: P'ing-shun
Etymology: From Mandarin 平順 /平顺 (Píngshùn).
Senses: examples: text: There stood a man with two horses. His story was that he had been sent by his master, who was none other than the magistrate of Pingshun County, the night before and had traveled all night over the mountains to come and get us to go and take care of the magistrate’s wife who had been in labor, unable to deliver, for two whole days.[...]
The fact is that we had been hoping and praying for some months that our missionaries might find an opening into the County of Pingshun, about thirty-five miles to the east of Luan in Shansi, province of North China.
ref: 1945, Paul E. Adolph, “A Magistrate Calls the Doctor”, in Surgery Speaks to China: The Experiences of a Medical Missionary to China in Peace and in War, China Inland Mission, →OCLC, page 13:
text: Liu Pin-yen was named as the number one rightist on the China Youth Daily and in 1958 he was sent to Pingshun County in Shansi Province for labor reform.
ref: 1989, Issues & Studies, volume 25, numbers 7-12, Institute of International Relations, ROC (中華民國國際關係研究所), →ISSN, →OCLC, page 125:
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Huguan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Hu-kuan
form: Hukuan
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 壺關 /壶关 (Húguān).
Senses: examples: text: THE dense forests and deep ravines of the Taihang Moutnaisn once made southeastern Shanxi province one of China's more backward areas in transportation.[...]A commune in Huguan county once went in for collecting mountain products such as fruit and medicinal herbs, in the hope that they could be got out, but because of insufficient transport a thousand tons of them rotted one year.
ref: 1982 September, Haiqing Zhang, “Better Transport Livens Up a Mountain Area”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXI, number 9, →OCLC, page 43:
text: When I was eighteen I obtained Master Zhang Kongzhao’s Hand Combat Classic (Quan jing), which he compiled while serving under my clan’s remote great-uncle in Huguan County (in Southeastern Shanxi, near Henan’s border).
ref: 2008, Meir Shahar, “Hand Combat”, in The Shaolin Monastery: History, Religion, and the Chinese Martial Arts, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 125:
text: Born in Huguan County in Shanxi, Xia Fangzhou graduated from the Art Department of Inner Mongolia Normal University in 1964 and worked for museums and newspapers for many years.
ref: 2008, “Jia Fangzhou”, in Zhu Wei's Album of Ink Painting [朱伟水墨册页1988—2008], →ISBN, →OCLC, page 509, column 1:
english: 朱伟水墨册页1988—2008
translation: 朱伟水墨册页1988—2008
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Shangdang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 上黨 /上党 (Shàngdǎng).
Senses: examples: text: Dang Shen (Radix Codonopsis). Dang Shen comes from the Shangdang district of Shanxi province of China. There are two types, the wild type and the cultivated type.
ref: 2001, Xiangcai Xu, “Practical Chinese Materia Medica for Healthcare”, in Traditional Chinese Health Secrets: The Essential Guide to Harmonious Living, Boston, Mass.: YMAA Publication Center, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 42:
text: (2) The city 's evaluation value was 0.75, the overall carrying capacity is strong. In each county, the maximum evaluation value is 0.85 in Wuxiang County, and the minimum is 0.46 in Shangdang District. Most counties have strong carrying capacity, and there was a local contradiction between supply and demand in Luzhou District and Shangdang District.
ref: 2021, Fucui Li, Kai Niu, “Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in Changzhi City Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process”, in Earth and Environmental Science, volume 692, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 17 Apr 2022, page 8:
glosses: A district of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Zhangzi
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɑŋˈd͡ʒiː/
enpr: jängʹdzûʹ
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 長子 /长子 (Zhǎngzǐ).
Senses: examples: text: Commander Li further charged that the son of the biggest landlord in Licheng County had headed the 7,000-man work team in Changtzu.[...]Be that as it may, Li spread the thesis that, as soon as Liu Shao-ch'i issued his abysmal ten points, the "agents" in the Region gathered together 7,000 cadres and sent them to Changtzu County to carry out a line "left in form, right in essence."
ref: [1983, William Hinton, “A Zigzag Road”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 361, 362:
text: There was a warm response to Chao's directive on the establishment of a personal responsibility system in government organizations. However, each government organization goes its own way in implementing the system, as can be seen from the following extract from a People's Daily report on the situation in Changtzu County, Shansi:
Beginning from the end of 1980, each unit in the Changtzu County, Shansi, implemented the personal responsibility system and the floating wage system.
ref: [1985, Yuen Chen, Perspectives on Development in Mainland China, Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 164:
text: The Chongqing Temple in Zhangzi County, Shanxi Province, holds a set of late 11th-century clay sculptures of high quality.
ref: 1996, The Dictionary of Art, volume 6, Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 717:
text: A PROCESSION ON THE BIRTHDAY OF THE SANZONG GOD
This is a description of an unusually elaborate procession that was performed as recently as the late 1930s. It was centered on the Sanzong Temple in the Big West Gate quarter of the county capital of Zhangzi, in the southeastern Shanxi province. The account was written by a native of Zhangzi County who spent many years collecting information from local residents about their temple festivals.
ref: 2000, Sources of Chinese Tradition, 2nd edition, volume II, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 76:
text: In Shanxi, the county procurator of Zhangzi County and local banking officials repeatedly blocked the transfer of funds to a Shandong-based enterprise after courts in Shandong ruled against the Shanxi-based defendant.
ref: 2003, Andrew H. Wedeman, “Import Protectionism”, in From Mao to Market: Rent Seeking, Local Protectionism, and Marketization in China, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 167:
text: More than 5,300 square meters of dragon fruit have entered the bloom season in Xihan Village in Zhangzi County, northern China's Shanxi Province.
ref: 2021 July 28, “Time-lapse video shows how dragon fruit blossoms in N China”, in CGTN, archived from the original on 02 Aug 2021:
glosses: A county of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Synonyms: Changzi
Ch'ang-tzu
Changtzu
Linfen
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: lǐnʹfǔnʹ
Forms: form: Lin-fen
Etymology: From Mandarin 臨汾 /临汾 (Línfén).
Senses: examples: text: Headquarters of the Second War Zone was at that time at Linfen, a sizable city on the railway in the southern half of Shansi, jammed now with soldiers, officials and refugees from the North.
ref: 1938, Anna Louise Strong, One-Fifth of Mankind, New York: Modern Age Books, →OCLC, page 121:
text: The village is on the outskirts of Linfen, an industrial city of 4.4 million which was once ranked among the world’s most heavily polluted cities, a consequence of the unregulated boom of steel and other industries locating factories close to their fuel source. Like much of northeastern China, even this region has enjoyed an unusual respite from the smog.
ref: 2018 February 10, Steven Lee Myers, “In China’s Coal Country, a Ban Brings Blue Skies and Cold Homes”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 10 Feb 2018, Asia Pacific:
text: China coal hub Linfen in central province Shanxi, one of the most polluted cities in the nation, plans to extend its winter restrictions on heavy industries to the end of the third quarter this year as it strives to meet air quality targets.
ref: 2019 April 15, Muyu Xu, David Stanway, “China coal hub Linfen to extend anti-pollution curbs to third quarter: draft plan”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 15 Apr 2019, Sustainable Business:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China.
Anze
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɑːnˈ(d)zʌ/
enpr: änʹdzǔʹ
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 安澤 /安泽.
Senses: examples: text: […]success in controlling the big joints disease in An-tse County to the PLA medical teams and to Chairman Mao's revolutionary line on health work.
ref: [1971, “Local Disease Controlled in An-tse County, Shansi”, in Translations on People's Republic of China, Joint Publications Research Service, →OCLC:
text: The most spectacular change is the increase of rainfall in some areas, reaching an average annual of 100-120 mm. Linfen prefecture and Anze county in Shanxi have the most rainfall in the entire region because the afforested area has increased from the pre-Liberation coverage of 3.8 percent to 18 percent of their land area.
ref: 1982 November 18 [1982 June 14], He Guang [4421 0342] [禾光], “How Afforestation Has Changed Gansu's Climate”, in Worldwide Report: Environmental Quality, number 377, United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Lanzhou GANSU RIBAO p 4, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 121:
english: 禾光
translation: 禾光
text: Firemen extinguish the fire during an explosion at a liquefied petroleum gas station in Anze county of Linfen, north China's Shanxi province November 28, 2006.
ref: 2009 March 31, Rujun Shen, “Wanted: Mayor for accident-prone China coal city”, in Lucy Hornby, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 23 Jun 2022, Lifestyle:
glosses: A county of Linfen, Shanxi, China.