cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
riggies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From rigatoni + -ie + -s.
Senses: glosses: rigatoni pasta
examples: ref: 2015, Chuck D'Imperio, Taste of Upstate New York: The People and the Stories Behind 40 Food Favorites, Syracuse University Press, page 74:
text: "Some places make riggies with penne pasta," Carlos interjected. "That is just not right. You must use rigatoni pasta for the riggies, which is how they got their name."
glosses: Chicken riggies, an Italian-American pasta dish made with rigatoni, chicken, and a spicy cream sauce.
glosses: Any variation on the chicken riggies dish, possibly omitting chicken as an ingredient.
de-bourgeoisify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: de-bourgeoisifies
form: de-bourgeoisifying
form: de-bourgeoisified
form: de-bourgeoisified
Etymology: From de- + bourgeoisify.
Senses: examples: text: To this extent, Artaud's work may be viewed as an attempt to de-bourgeoisify the early twentieth-century theatre: to render it less cerebral, less literary, less refined, less circumscribed, more visceral.
ref: 2003, Bruce Boehrer, “The Privy and Its Double: Scatology and Satire in Shakespeare's Theatre”, in Richard Dutton, Jean E. Howard, editors, A Companion to Shakespeare's Works, Volume IV: The Poems, Problem Comedies, Late Plays, Malden, MA: Blackwell, page 70:
text: Despite the freezing out of formal residential uses, some areas of the frozen zone were thoroughly "de-bourgeoisified" […] through the conversion of housing stock into dormitories for students from the provinces.
ref: 2008, Charles Rutheiser, “Capitalizing on Havana: The Return of the Repressed in a Late Socialist City”, in Gary Bridge, Sophie Watson, editors, A Companion to the City, Malden, MA: Blackwell, page 228:
glosses: To remove the bourgeois characteristics or qualities from (someone or something)
hydrostatic lock
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hydrostatic locks
Senses: examples: text: When hydrostatic lock is suspected or exists, stop cranking immediately and notify unit maintenance.
ref: 1992, US Department of the Army, Operator's Manual: Armored Reconnaissance/airborne Assault Vehicle, Full-Tracked 152-mm Gun/Launcher:
text: If the engine does not rotate, it may be seized due to its being operated with no oil, broken engine components, or hydrostatic lock.
ref: 2014, Barry Hollembeak, Today's Technician, →ISBN:
text: Cavitated liners can also leak combustion gases into the cooling system, but they tend to produce hydrostatic locks after the engine is shut down when hot.
ref: 2015, Gus Wright, Fundamentals of Medium/Heavy Duty Diesel Engines, →ISBN, page 328:
topics: engineering
mechanical
mechanical-engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A condition that arises when a device which compresses gases seizes up because of the infiltration of liquid, which prevents further compression.
examples: text: After an empty boat has been once weighed, she is numbered, and her weight is registered at the several hydrostatic locks.
ref: 1830, Theodore Dwight, Henry Dilworth Gilpin, The northern traveller, and Northern tour:
text: This navigation system was possible due to Josiah White's invention of hydrostatic locks, which increased the river depth by creating small artificial floods.
ref: 2005, Diane Goodspeed, Family-Friendly Biking in New Jersey and Eastern Pennsylvania, →ISBN:
text: The canal employed a series of hydrostatic locks—also called bear traps—that would create an “artificial flood” that changed water levels, allowing the barges to flow freely in either direction.
ref: 2007, Marie Murphy Duess, Colonial Inns and Taverns of Bucks County, Pennsylvania, →ISBN:
glosses: A lock for raising and lowering boats on a canal or waterway that operates by using pressurized water to flood or drain the level inside the lock.
examples: text: The different systems are :—The set screw, lead rivet, padlock, pneumatic lock, magnetic lock, cryptograph lock, and hydrostatic lock.
ref: 1894, William Williamson, Mining Notes and Formulæ for Students Preparing for the Colliery Manager's And Science and Art Department Examinations:
text: Hydrostatic locks are being successfully employed in tower cookers, and have been demonstrated to be sound in reduced size form from an engineering standpoint.
ref: 1973, Food Engineering - Volume 45, page 68:
text: Vertical sterilizers use hydrostatic locks on inlet and outlet sides. Packages are placed in transverse carriers attached to twin roller-chains, which move through the sections of the hydrostatic sterilizer.
ref: 2010, Ryzhard Pohorecki, John Bridgwater, M. Molzahn, Rafiqul Gani, Crispulo Gallegos, Chemical Engineering and Chemical Process Technology - Volume V, →ISBN:
glosses: A locking mechanism that uses hydrostatic pressure in order to achieve a seal.
hydrostatic lock
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: hydrostatic locks
form: hydrostatic locking
form: hydrostatic locked
form: hydrostatic locked
Senses: examples: text: Do not pour the top lube into the carburetor too rapidly because hydrostatic locking can occur.
ref: 1990 November-December, Jack Chamberlain, “Bedding Your Boat Down For The Winter”, in WaterSki, volume 12, number 9:
glosses: To seize up because liquid has infiltrated a mechanism for compressing gasses.
examples: text: It allows a very precise positioning of the light source, thanks to its hydrostatic locking mechanism.
ref: 2010, Enrico Savazzi, Digital Photography for Science, →ISBN, page 191:
glosses: To form a seal by employing a mechanism that uses hydrostatic pressure.
Derived terms: hydrolock
Related terms: air lock
vapor lock
vapour lock
son of a
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Senses: glosses: son of a bitch
horse brass
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: horse brasses
Senses: examples: text: The animals decided unanimously to create a military decoration, "Animal Hero, First Class," which was conferred there and then on Snowball and Boxer. It consisted of a brass medal (they were really some old horse-brasses which had been found in the harness-room), to be worn on Sundays and holidays.
ref: 1945, George Orwell, chapter 4, in Animal Farm:
text: The pub combined all the traditional English qualities of horse brasses, Formica and surliness.
ref: 1988, Douglas Adams, chapter 14, in The Long Dark Tea-Time of the Soul, New York: Gallery Books, published 2014:
glosses: A brass plaque used to decorate horse harness gear.
Related terms: phalera
osmylation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: osmylations
Etymology: From osmylate + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: Dienes, but not trienes and tetraenes, undergo highly stereoselective osmylation reactions.
ref: 1995, Steven V. Ley, Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations, →ISBN:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The process of osmylating.
osmylates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of osmylate
one minute man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: one minute men
Senses: examples: text: Break me off, show me what you got / Cause I don't want, no one minute man
ref: 2001, “One Minute Man”, in Miss E …So Addictive, performed by Missy Elliott:
text: These are also the same women who complain about the so-called "one minute man".
ref: 2003, Khari J. Nellum, 100 Games Women Play, →ISBN, page 190:
text: But Missy places Ludacris' performance in the rap after her two verses and just before the ending chorus in which she declares over and over that she does not want a one minute man, placement which could be read to suggest that Missy is prompting Ludacris to defend his persona against charges of sexual inadequacy.
ref: 2009, Erik Malewski, Curriculum Studies Handbook – The Next Moment, →ISBN, page 216:
text: Red does not like “one minute men” and she says no to “short dick” men, in fact she even has a mantra to keep small-endowed men away: "If it's not seven inches or more, don't even look in my door".
ref: 2013, Ari Meier, The ScreamBed Chronicles: The Last Days of Playas and Other Insecure Men, →ISBN, page 164:
text: Although this is obviously a love song, I'm going to assume that Allen husband is no one minute man. Can't you work things out, girl?
ref: 2016 April 5, Jill Di Donato, “13 Songs You Had No Idea Were About Sex”, in Romper:
glosses: Alternative form of one-minute man.
one minute men
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of one minute man
one-minute man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: one-minute men
form: one minute man
Senses: examples: text: But Larry's smile told any prospective partner that he wouldn't quit till she'd gotten hers, and in a world full of one-minute men Larry's track record spoke for itself.
ref: 2009, Dale Peck, Body Surfing: A Novel, →ISBN, page 234:
text: You know who I'm talking about: The one-minute men! We all had a lot of fun when Missy Elliott and Ludacris sang about them back in the day, but it's no laughing matter for a lot of folks.
ref: 2014, Tyrese Gibson, Rev Run, Chris Morrow, Manology: Secrets of Your Man's Mind Revealed, →ISBN, page 35:
text: Getting Too Excited Too Quickly: "Seriously, there are way too many one-minute men out there."
ref: 2015 June 12, Bukky Sanni, “Dating tips: Women explain 13 things most men get all wrong in bed”, in Pulse Nigeria:
glosses: A man who suffers from premature ejaculation.
examples: text: The other four men were required in a united effort for exactly one minute. The work of the four one-minute men was not hard.
ref: 1921, Collier's, volume 68, page 724:
text: If we are far ahead in the fourth quarter I may decide to use all of my one-minute men or the players with the lowest playing time; but this is not to make me appear to be a nice guy, and it's not for the purpose of going easy on the other team.
ref: 2006, Dick DeVenzio, Runnin' the Show: Basketball Leadership for Coaches and Players, →ISBN:
text: Broken aero bar and all, Wiggins did manage to catch Cavendish, his one-minute man, and he decided to have a little fun with the fellow British rider and track Madison partner.
ref: 2016 May 21, “Broken aero bar sinks Bradley Wiggins' chances in Tour of California time trial”, in Cycling News:
glosses: A man who can complete a task in one minute.
Related terms: minute man
one-minute men
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of one-minute man
osmylations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of osmylation
Patriote
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Patriotes
Etymology: Borrowed from French Patriote.
Senses: glosses: Patriot (one of the devolution-of-power supporters in Lower Canada during the Canadian Rebellions of 1837-1838 (Patriots' War))
Loyalist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Loyalists
Etymology: Capitalization of loyalist.
Senses: glosses: A person from the 13 Colonies (of British North America from the eastern seaboard of mainland North America) who was in favor of remaining in the British Empire during the American Revolution.
glosses: Abbreviation of United Empire Loyalist.
glosses: A supporter of keeping Northern Ireland under British rule instead of unification with Ireland, usually from a Protestant background.
Synonyms: sense: person during the American Revolution
word: Tory
sense: a supporter of keeping Northern Ireland under British rule
word: Orange
Loyalist
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Named after the United Empire Loyalists.
Senses: glosses: A township municipality in Lennox and Addington County, Ontario, Canada.
breadcutter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: breadcutters
Etymology: From bread + cutter.
Senses: examples: text: Our cafeterie was a murky cellar measuring twenty feet by seven by eight high, and so crowded with coffee-urns, breadcutters and the like that one could hardly move without banging against something.
ref: 1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter XI, in Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:
glosses: A device for cutting bread, often consisting of a platform and a hinged blade.
examples: 1975, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956, translated by Thomas P. Whitney, New York: Harper & Row, Vol. II, Part III, Chapter 9, p. 273,
He would willingly have cut six sides off the bread ration too, but he had no other bread, and he therefore limited himself to holding his bread ration over the hot plate, burning from all six sides the microbes implanted there by the hands of the bread-cutters […]
glosses: A person employed to cut bread.
Derived terms: breadcutter choke
breadcutter choke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: breadcutter chokes
Senses: examples: text: 2014, Tales From Deep Half blog, 15 October, 2014, https://talesfromdeephalf.wordpress.com/page/3/
This week I have my sadistic teammate & homeslice Adam Simpson, a brown belt in both Jiu-Jitsu and Judo showing details on how to make your bread-cutter choke deliciously unpleasant for your opponent.
text: When you combine an old-school pass with a bread cutter choke, you get the signature move of black belt European Masters silver medallist Simon Hayes of Carlson Gracie London.
ref: 2015 October 29, Hywel Teague, Jiu-Jitsu Hurts! The Flip Side of the 'Gentle' Art:
glosses: A jujitsu move in which a player pins the opponent's neck by holding the opponent's collar and dropping their elbow to the floor, in a motion resembling that of the blade of a breadcutter.
bott hammer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bott hammers
form: bott-hammer
Etymology: Borrowed from German Botthammer.
Senses: examples: text: The bott-hammer is sometimes used for bruising or crushing fibrous plants; it consists of a wooden block, having on its under face channels or flutings which run across its surface; the block is fixed to a long belt-helve or handle, and may be worked singly, or several hammers may be worked in a row by machinery.
ref: 1859, Alex. Hunter, “The Raw Products of India suited to the Manufacturing Wants of Great Britain”, in The Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, volume 10, page 188:
text: The same was also effected by the bott hammer, a flat mallet, with its face cut into grooves, the handle to it being curved, and this being repeatedly struck on a quantity of fibre spread out on a board, first on one side and then on the other.
ref: 1868, Baden Henry Baden-Powell, Hand-book of the Economic Products of the Punjab, page 500:
text: In Austria and other European countries a more primitive, but, it is claimed, less injurious method of breaking is pursued, in which the fibre is opened with a "bott hammer" (batting hammer), which is made of wood ridged like a cook's implement for pounding steak.
ref: 1918, Frank Moore Colby, The New International Encyclopaedia, volume 8, page 672:
glosses: A hammer used to process flax.
fan page
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fan pages
Senses: glosses: fansite.
fanpage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fanpages
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of fan page.
cloudfree
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From cloud + -free.
Senses: examples: text: We show that WASP-17b, WASP-31b and HAT-P-1b are nearly cloudfree at visible wavelengths.
ref: 2016, Kevin Heng, “A Cloudiness Index for Transiting Exoplanets Based on the Sodium and Potassium Lines: Tentative Evidence for Hotter Atmospheres Being Less Cloudy at Visible Wavelengths”, in arXiv:
glosses: Lacking clouds.
hydroaffinity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hydro- + affinity.
Senses: examples: text: Our analysis also shows that the hydroaffinity of the surface is mainly determined by the electrostatic interaction, but that the van der Waals interaction nevertheless is strong enough that it can turn a hydrophobic surface into a hydrophilic surface..
ref: 2016, E. Pafong, J. Geske, B. Drossel, “On the influence of the intermolecular potential on the wetting properties of water on silica surfaces”, in arXiv:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: affinity to water; hydrophilicity
lipoaffinity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From lipo- + affinity.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: affinity to lipids
protophobic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more protophobic
form: most protophobic
Etymology: From proto- + -phobic. For the sense in particle physics, from proton + -phobic, coined by theoretical particle physicists Jonathan Feng et al. in 2016.
Senses: glosses: Having a low Lewis basicity.
raw_tags: of a solvent
glosses: Having a suppressed proton coupling.
raw_tags: of a hypothetical gauge boson
BoC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: BOC
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Bank of Canada.
BOC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of BoC.
glosses: Initialism of Bank of China.
glosses: Initialism of Bureau of Customs.
BOC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: BOCs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of British Overseas Citizen, a national of the United Kingdom through a connection to a former British colony.
ammonitella
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ammonitellas
Senses: examples: text: The embryonic stage, consisting of a small ellipsoid protoconch and ammonitella, ends at about 0.6 mm.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
text: Sure, ammonoid shells as a whole got progressively more coiled over the Devonian. But so did the tiniest part of each ammonoid shell, the ammonitella.
ref: 2017, Danna Staaf, Squid Empire, ForeEdge, →ISBN, page 61:
glosses: The initial part of a spiral shell, originating from a central chamber, in ammonoid molluscs
ammonitellas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ammonitella
bactritoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bactritoids
Senses: glosses: Any of the order †Bactritida of extinct cephalopods.
bactritoids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Septal crowding during similarly early ontogenetic stages in nautiloids, bactritoids and ammonoids were interpreted to be related to hatching (e.g. [6 ], [30 –33 ]).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of bactritoid
biobrick
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: biobricks
form: BioBrick
Etymology: From bio- + brick.
Senses: examples: text: During amplification, the internal EcoRI restriction site in merA was mutated in order to create a mer cassette compatible with the biobrick cloning system and the vector pBBRBB (see Materials and Methods ) [27 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “Toward Bioremediation of Methylmercury Using Silica Encapsulated Escherichia coli Harboring the mer Operon”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A length of DNA sequence used, with others, to build synthetic biological circuits
biobricks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of biobrick
biocollections
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Finally, we associated names back to biocollections records and fit logistic models to test potential drivers of issues.
ref: 2016 January 14, “A Standardized Reference Data Set for Vertebrate Taxon Name Resolution”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of biocollection
chondroconductive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From chondro- + conductive.
Senses: examples: text: In our previous study, the collagen microencapsulation platform has been shown to be chondroconductive that hMSCs entrapped in collagen microspheres were able to differentiate towards the chondrogenic lineages by expressing chondrogenic markers and remodeling the template type I collagen matrix meshwork with a cartilage-specific matrix rich in type II collagen and aggrecan [9 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “Extracellular Protease Inhibition Alters the Phenotype of Chondrogenically Differentiating Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in 3D Collagen Microspheres”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to, or leading to chondroconduction
chondroconduction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From chondro- + conduction.
Senses: glosses: The growth of chondrocytes
coadministrate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: coadministrates
form: coadministrating
form: coadministrated
form: coadministrated
Etymology: From co- + administrate.
Senses: synonyms: coadminister
glosses: To administer (a drug, etc.) along with another material.
examples: text: Personally, as I'm coadministrating Aminet, I fear lots of uploaded archives
>- either all containing the whole MUI library/object set and eating up valuable
> disk space and download bandwith
>- or not containing all MUI libraries and thus flooding my mailbox with
> questions like "the program does not work".
ref: 1993 August 16, Gustavo Cordova Avila, “Magical User Interface?”, in comp.sys.amiga.programmer (Usenet):
text: It is exactly this, what the trade unions are doing all of the time.
They fight for their aim to get the permission to coadministrate the
political life of this country. But they do not want to do this
against the ruling politics. In its critic of this politics you can
see the social democratic dream of the SoZ-ites to achieve a workers
friendly organization of "this country". The SoZ itself is already
thinking in the same national categories as do the trade unions. They
dream of a real consequent workers friendly BRD.
ref: 2005 January 23, Karl Burg, “What is the Base of the Trade Union Policy? Two views (or one?)”, in alt.politics.socialism.trotsky (Usenet):
text: In my first book, Growing up in Fairfield, California, there is a chpater titled "Let's Eat!" It was inspired by the fact that in the tend-thousand-plus-member-strong Facebook group "I Grew Up in Fairlfield, Too" that I coadministrate, so many of th threatds people discuss end up defaulting to food.
ref: 2022 July 4, Tony Wade, Lost Restaurants of Fairfield, California, Arcadia Publishing, →ISBN, page 9:
glosses: To administer, administrate, or manage jointly
coadministrated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: Treatment with either testosterone or ethanol alone also affected baroreflex activity and enhanced depressor response to acetylcholine, but these effects were inhibited when drugs were coadministrated.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Effect of Voluntary Ethanol Consumption Combined with Testosterone Treatment on Cardiovascular Function in Rats: Influence of Exercise Training”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: simple past and past participle of coadministrate
glycoligand
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: glycoligands
Etymology: From glyco- + ligand.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any ligand formed from a sugar moiety
glycoligands
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In agreement with findings from flow cytometry and RPE attachment assays these results indicated that β1,6-(GlcNAc)-branched tri- and tetraantennary complex-type N-glycans on cell-surface glycoproteins are major glycoligands for Gal-3 on myofibroblastic RPE cells and that Gal-3 binding to these glycoconjugates is required for the Gal-3 mediated functional effects.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of RPE Cells In Vitro Confers Increased β1,6- N -Glycosylation and Increased Susceptibility to Galectin-3 Binding”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of glycoligand
hovawart
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hovawarts
Senses: glosses: A medium-large breed of dog originally used as guard dogs
hovawarts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Participant dogs (25 privately owned pet dogs and 8 kennel-housed beagles) were on average 4.6 years old (SD 2.2), and represented 13 different breeds and mongrels (8 beagles, 6 border collies, 3 hovawarts, 3 beauce shepherds, 2 rough collies, 2 smooth collies, 1 great Pyrenees, 1 Welsh corgi, 1 Australian kelpie, 1 lagotto romagnolo, 1 Manchester terrier, 1 Swedish vallhund, 1 Finnish lapphund, 2 mongrels).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Dogs Evaluate Threatening Facial Expressions by Their Biological Validity – Evidence from Gazing Patterns”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of hovawart
hyperporous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hyper- + porous.
Senses: examples: text: Images also indicated that gel porosity was in the nanometer range, similar to previously characterized hyperporous beads generated using the same sol-gel methods, which limits mobility of encapsulated cells (Fig 2B ) [23 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “Toward Bioremediation of Methylmercury Using Silica Encapsulated Escherichia coli Harboring the mer Operon”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Excessively porous
hypotetraploid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hypo- + tetraploid.
Senses: examples: text: Furthermore, a hypotetraploid side-line contained duplicate copies of the stemline abnormalities, and small second sideline of two cells contained an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2, as well as the stemline aberrations.
ref: 2016 January 14, “L1 Cell Adhesion Molecule-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Redirected Human T Cells Exhibit Specific and Efficient Antitumor Activity against Human Ovarian Cancer in Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: having fewer than four times the haploid number of chromosomes in a cell nucleus
immunomics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From immune + -omics.
Senses: examples: text: Based on immunomics strategy, many novel immune-related genes has been identified.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Expression of VSTM1-v2 Is Increased in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Is Correlated with Disease Activity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The application of genomics to the study of the immune system
breeding grounds
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of breeding ground
cumber grounds
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cumber ground
court of second instance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: courts of second instance
Senses: topics: law
glosses: An appellate court.
court of first instance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: courts of first instance
Senses: topics: law
glosses: a court of law where legal proceedings are first heard.
Synonyms: trial court
Related terms: court of second instance
court of last resort
trial court
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: trial courts
Senses: topics: law
glosses: a court of first instance.
court of justice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: courts of justice
Senses: topics: law
glosses: A court of law.
lapphund
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lapphunds
Etymology: From Swedish lapphund, from lapp (“Lapp”) + hund (“dog”).
Senses: examples: text: Participant dogs (25 privately owned pet dogs and 8 kennel-housed beagles) were on average 4.6 years old (SD 2.2), and represented 13 different breeds and mongrels (8 beagles, 6 border collies, 3 hovawarts, 3 beauce shepherds, 2 rough collies, 2 smooth collies, 1 great Pyrenees, 1 Welsh corgi, 1 Australian kelpie, 1 lagotto romagnolo, 1 Manchester terrier, 1 Swedish vallhund, 1 Finnish lapphund, 2 mongrels).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Dogs Evaluate Threatening Facial Expressions by Their Biological Validity – Evidence from Gazing Patterns”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A type of spitz, traditionally used to herd reindeer
Synonyms: word: lappy
Related terms: Finnish Lapphund
Swedish Lapphund
lapphunds
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lapphund
macroconch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: macroconchs
form: macroconches
Etymology: From macro- + conch.
Senses: examples: text: Initially, the apophysis follows the coiling of the shell but it projects ventrolaterally during the final ontogenetic stage of macroconch development.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
text: A few collections of ammonoid eggs have even been found inside macroconchs, which is tempting to interpret as brooding behavior and further support for calling macroconchs female.
ref: 2017, Danna Staaf, Squid Empire, ForeEdge, →ISBN, page 59:
glosses: The female form of an ammonite (that has a larger shell than the male (the microconch).
microconch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: microconchs
form: microconches
Etymology: From micro- + conch.
Senses: glosses: The male form of an ammonite (that has a smaller shell than the female (the macroconch).
microconchs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Initially, the apophysis follows the coiling of the shell but it projects ventrolaterally during the final ontogenetic stage of macroconch development. 33 ventrolateral ribs are present on the outermost whorl of microconchs corresponding to 42 mm diameter (CPC-1223), while macroconchs have 37 ventrolateral ribs at 38 mm diameter (CPC-1410).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of microconch
macroconchs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In addition, macroconchs are characterized by septal crowding at different stages, followed by the return to normal septum distances.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of macroconch
nucleofractis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The experienced surgeon did cataract surgery performing the divide and conquer nucleofractis technique and using discovisc (Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Fort Worth, Tex, US) as ophthalmic viscosurgical device [22 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “A Pilot Study to Propose a”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: damage to the nucleus (of the eye) during surgery
paraolivary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From para- + olivary.
Senses: examples: text: Using antibody stainings against excitatory and inhibitory presynaptic structures, namely the vesicular glutamate transporter VGluT1 and the glycine transporter GlyT2 we identified all major auditory brainstem nuclei except the superior paraolivary nucleus in these animals.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Structural Changes and Lack of HCN1 Channels in the Binaural Auditory Brainstem of the Naked Mole-Rat ( Heterocephalus glaber )”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Beyond the olivary body
periolivary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From peri- + olivary.
Senses: examples: text: It is important to note that the superior periolivary nucleus (SPN), which is generally located medial-dorsal from the LSO and typically lacks VGluT1 positive inputs [14 ] but receives numerous glycinergic inputs, could not be identified (Fig 3A ).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Structural Changes and Lack of HCN1 Channels in the Binaural Auditory Brainstem of the Naked Mole-Rat ( Heterocephalus glaber )”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Surrounding the olivary body
pneumolysoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pneumolysoids
Etymology: From pneumolysin + -oid.
Senses: examples: text: To our best knowledge, a validation of pneumolysoid B as a replacement for the PLY antigen in the EIA to detect anti-PLY IgG has never been published.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Efficacy of PPV23 in Preventing Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Adults at Increased Risk – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a group of recombinant mutant proteins related to pneumolysin.
pneumolysoids
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pneumolysoid
preconstriction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɪkʃən
Forms: form: preconstrictions
Etymology: From pre- + constriction.
Senses: examples: text: After washing, endothelium-denuded rings were used to determine the vasoconstrictive response to norepinephrine (NE, 10 −11 –10 −4 moles/liter) and to evaluate the endothelium-independent relaxation to the NO donor sodium nitroprussiate (SNP, 10 −11 –10 −4 moles/liter) after preconstriction with PE 10 −6 moles/liter.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Endothelial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Mechanistic Insights and Correlation with Circulating Markers of Systemic Inflammation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: constriction prior to some other process
prochoanitic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The primary constriction is followed by a sudden change from a retrochoanitic to prochoanitic septal neck in the first half of the second whorl.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: That points forward.
Related terms: retrochoanitic
for more
list in orthochoanitic
prorsiradiate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Ultimately from Latin prōrsus + radiate.
Senses: examples: text: They are rursiradiate on the middle of the flank and become prorsiradiate towards the venter.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
malacology
natural-sciences
glosses: Inclined forward.
raw_tags: of the ribs of a cephalopod shell
Related terms: proradiate
rectiradiate
rursiradiate
rursiradiate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Ultimately from Latin rūrsus + radiate.
Senses: examples: text: They are rursiradiate on the middle of the flank and become prorsiradiate towards the venter.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
malacology
natural-sciences
glosses: Inclined backward.
raw_tags: of the ribs of a cephalopod shell
Related terms: prorsiradiate
rectiradiate
lower court
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lower courts
Senses: topics: law
glosses: An inferior court.
pyrolization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pyrolize + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: Monomethylmercury concentrations were determined from headspace gas analysis by a Tekran model 2700 Automated MethylMercury Analyzer with Hg detection by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS) following capillary gas chromatography and pyrolization of ethylated Hg species.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Toward Bioremediation of Methylmercury Using Silica Encapsulated Escherichia coli Harboring the mer Operon”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Synonym of pyrolysis.
synonyms: word: pyrolysis
retrochoanitic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The latter is retrochoanitic during the earliest ontogenetic stages (Fig 4A 2 ) and becomes prochoanitic (Fig 6B ) at D≈1.8 mm, after approximately 18 septa and in the first half of the second whorl (in CPC-1214).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Paleobiology of the Latest Tithonian (Late Jurassic) Ammonite Salinites grossicostatum Inferred from Internal and External Shell Parameters”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: That points backward.
Related terms: prochoanitic
for more
list in orthochoanitic
serosuitability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From sero- + suitability.
Senses: examples: text: In our model and in the majority of historical papers, serosuitability was defined as 7 TCID 50 was required, two logs higher than in our study[44 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “Accelerating Influenza Research: Vaccines, Antivirals, Immunomodulators and Monoclonal Antibodies. The Manufacture of a New Wild-Type H3N2 Virus for the Human Viral Challenge Model”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The condition of being serosuitable
serosuitable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From sero- + suitable.
Senses: examples: text: Serological analysis indicated that this virus had the highest serosuitable rate (S1 Fig ).
ref: 2016 January 14, “Accelerating Influenza Research: Vaccines, Antivirals, Immunomodulators and Monoclonal Antibodies. The Manufacture of a New Wild-Type H3N2 Virus for the Human Viral Challenge Model”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Having blood serum that is suitable for a particular trial or experiment
submyeloablative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From sub- + myeloablative.
Senses: examples: text: The ability to achieve durable engraftment of HSCs that have undergone gene transfer to correct genetic disorders is also dictated by HSC number as is successful engraftment with use of submyeloablative conditioning to avoid transplant related morbidity.
ref: 2016 January 14, “Increased Engraftment of Human Short Term Repopulating Hematopoietic Cells in NOD/SCID/IL2rγ null Mice by Lentiviral Expression of NUP98-HOXA10HD”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That causes only minimal myeloablation
thermostatics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ætɪks
Senses: examples: text: Clearly, the entropy still has to be defined from thermostatics, and changes to S are attributed to the result of the NE fluctuation-dissipation theorem; Kim for instance has stated “the symmetric fluctuation associated with forward and backward manipulation of the NE work is contingent on time-reversal invariance of the underlying mesoscopic dynamics” which would lead to the ratio of the densities above to be unity.
ref: 2016 January 14, “One-Particle Representation of Heat Conduction Described within the Scope of the Second Law”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: The part of thermodynamics that deals with reversible or infinitesimally small changes
trimannoside
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: trimannosides
Etymology: From tri- + mannoside.
Senses: examples: text: ConA is a plant lectin, which binds avidly to the trimannoside core of N-glycans, bisected hybrid-type N-glycans and to a lesser extent to complex-type biantennary N-glycans, whereas highly branched N-glycans will not bind or bind not as tightly [15 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of RPE Cells In Vitro Confers Increased β1,6- N -Glycosylation and Increased Susceptibility to Galectin-3 Binding”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any glycoside having three mannose groups
viscosurgical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From visco- + surgical.
Senses: examples: text: Viscosurgical tools are applied during the surgical procedure and can act as space-makers to separate tissues and create the space for surgical manipulations and for the insertion of implants.
ref: 1989, David Evered, The Biology of hyaluronan, page 266:
text: The experienced surgeon did cataract surgery performing the divide and conquer nucleofractis technique and using discovisc (Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Fort Worth, Tex, US) as ophthalmic viscosurgical device [22 ].
ref: 2016 January 14, “A Pilot Study to Propose a”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: Describing any viscoelastic material used in eye surgery.
law court
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: law courts
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of court of law.
Brexiter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈbɹɛɡzɪtə(ɹ)/
/ˈbɹɛksɪtə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: Brexiters
Etymology: From Brexit + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Here’s how to argue with a Brexiter – and win
ref: 2016 February 20, Timothy Garton Ash, “Here’s how to argue with a Brexiter – and win”, in The Guardian, title:
text: Trump and the Tory Brexiters are cut from the same cloth.
ref: 2016 March 2, Deborah Orr, “What do Trump and Brexiters have in common? A disregard for all but themselves”, in The Guardian:
text: The proposal, made ahead of Thursday's crucial vote on Britain's continued EU membership, is designed to deflect accusations that Brexiters - as supporters of Britain's exit from the EU are popularly known - have used crude anti-immigrant and racist slogans to pollute the political debate during the EU referendum campaign and may have even indirectly inspired last week's murder of Mrs Jo Cox, a local opposition MP and fervent migration defender.
ref: 2016 June 21, Jonathan Eyal, “Brexiter's call for amnesty for illegals seen as a gimmick”, in The Straits Times:
topics: government
politics
glosses: Synonym of Brexiteer.
synonyms: word: Brexiteer
Brexiters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Brexiter
work unit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: work units
Senses: glosses: A danwei.
work units
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of work unit
BofE
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: synonyms: BoE
glosses: Abbreviation of Bank of England.
knee-breeches
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌniːˈbɹɪtʃɪz/
ipa: /ˌniˈbɹɪtʃəz/
rhymes: -ɪtʃɪz
Forms: form: knee breeches
Etymology: From knee + breeches.
Senses: examples: text: This Eben did every day till he grew out of knee-breeches into long corduroy trousers.
ref: 1918, Caradoc Evans, “The Talent Thou Gavest”, in My People: Stories of the Peasantry of West Wales, New York: Boni and Liveright, page 68:
text: Practically everyone in the army wore corduroy knee-breeches, but there the uniformity ended.
ref: 1938 April, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter I, in Homage to Catalonia, London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:
text: All over British Africa, speakers in their traditional wigs and knee-breeches presided over the rectangular debating chambers of the Westminster model, in which ‘government’ and ‘opposition’ sat facing each other.
ref: 1967, Roland Oliver, Anthony Atmore, chapter 16, in Africa Since 1800, Cambridge University Press, published 2005, page 225:
text: Orthodox Jews, in knee-breeches, with round hats and ringlets down their cheeks, were indulging in strange jerking movements, like puppets, while reading books […]
ref: 1996, Harry Mulisch with translated by Paul Vincent, chapter 63, in The Discovery of Heaven, Penguin, section 4:
glosses: Breeches reaching down to or just below the knee.
Brixit
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: Yet the chances of Britain leaving the EU in the next few years are higher than they have ever been. A Brixit looms for several reasons.
ref: 2012 June 21, “Bagehot” [pseudonym], “A Brixit looms”, in The Economist, archived from the original on 21 Jun 2012:
text: The reason for the increasing likelihood of what some are terming a 'Brixit' (short for British exit, like Grexit for Greek exit) is quite simple.
ref: 2012 June 22, Iain Murray, “Bring on the ‘Brixit’: EU withdrawal would bring benefits for both Britain and the US”, in Daily Mail, archived from the original on 21 Jun 2016:
text: Moreover, the upstart UK Independence Party (UKIP), which urged a 'Brixit,' seemed poised to attract significant numbers of Conservative and Labour voters.
ref: 2014, Heinrich Best, John Higley, “Introduction”, in Heinrich Best, John Higley, editors, Political Elites in the Transatlantic Crisis, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN:
text: Brixit: Term used in the British press starting in June 2012 for the possible exit of Britain from the European Union[…]. The term was devised as analogous to the term grexit[…].
ref: 2014, Alan V. Deardorff, Terms of Trade: Glossary of International Economics, 2nd edition, Singapore: World Scientific, →ISBN, page 40:
glosses: Former name of Brexit.
wikipedia: 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum
likembe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: likembes
Etymology: Borrowed from Lingala likembé, from li- + kembé.
Senses: examples: text: One of the lesser pygmies had a small musical instrument in his lap, a hollowed-out box affair with small strips of metal set across a bar on top which, if I remember right, is called a "Likembe."
ref: 1946, James Riddell, In the forests of the night, page 204:
text: This instrument became interregionally known as the likembe, and it spread like wildfire among porters and employees in the Belgian colonial service throughout the French and the Belgian Congo, thus paralleling the spread of the trade […]
ref: 1999, Jacqueline Cogdell DjeDje, Turn Up the Volume!: A Celebration of African Music, page 44:
text: A new artist, Antoine Mundanda of Brazzaville, brought his likembe troupe to Ngoma in 1954, recording several songs that seemed to confirm the link between traditional likembe and modern guitar picking.
ref: 2003, Gary Stewart, Rumba on the River: A History of the Popular Music of the Two Congos, page 71:
text: Like elsewhere in central Africa, the likembe in Angola was an instrument of the emerging working class and, as such, it was also inter-ethnic.
ref: 2010, Theory of African Music, Theory of African Music, volume 1, page 385:
glosses: A musical instrument found in sub-Saharan Africa; a kind of lamellophone.
botulinal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -aɪnəl
Etymology: From botulin + -al.
Senses: examples: text: Two phases are differentiated in botulinal intoxication.
ref: 1939, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, volume 40:
text: Although models can predict the potential for growth and toxin production in a food, a challenge study is the most direct method for evaluating the botulinal safety of a heat- processed or minimally-processed refrigerated or shelf-stable food.
ref: 2002, Ann E. Larson, Comparison of methods to evaluate the botulinal safety of foods, page 8:
text: The mouse inoculation assay is currently the most sensitive, specific, and commonly used method for detecting botulinal toxin.
ref: 2013, Alfred S. Evans, Bacterial Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control, page 141:
glosses: Of or pertaining to botulism or botulin toxins.
Synonyms: botulinic
shetar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shetars
Senses: examples: text: The first fasciculus will contain the shetars (Juden-schreinsbuch) preserved in the archives of Cologne, a similar publication to that prepared on behalf of the Anglo-Jewish Exhibition Committee.
ref: 1887, The Athenaeum, page 706:
text: Taken together, the coincident circumstances of the Jews' relation to the King, the then unique form of relief afforded them by their shetars, and certain peculiarities in the wording of the early writs all suggest that the Jews contributed in herertofore unexplained ways to the development of the early write of debt.
ref: 1983, Georgetown Law Journal, volume 71, page 1189:
text: However, without presenting a shetar, A, not the heirs of B, had the burden to prove the presence of goods that belonged to him and the absence of a profit distribution.
ref: 2014, Boris Kozolchyk, Comparative Commercial Contracts:
glosses: Alternative form of starr.
hooded skunk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hooded skunks
Senses: glosses: A skunk native to Mexico and the southwestern US, Mephites macroura
hooded skunks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hooded skunk