with
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: enpr: wĭth
rhymes: -ɪθ
rhymes: -ɪð
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: /wɪð/
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: /wɪθ/
note: prevocalic
ipa: /wɪð/
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: /wɪi/
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: /wɪv/
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: /wɪd̪(ʰ)/
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: /wɪt̪(ʰ)/
note: prevocalic
ipa: /wɪd̪(ʰ)/
ipa: /wɪθ/
ipa: /wɪð/
note: African-American Vernacular
ipa: /wɪt/
note: African-American Vernacular
ipa: /wɪf/
note: African-American Vernacular
ipa: /wɪ/
ipa: /wɪθ/
ipa: /wɪð/
ipa: /wɪθ/
ipa: /wɪð/
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: [wɪt~wɪ(ʔ)]
note: preconsonantal, final
ipa: [wɪd]
note: prevocalic
ipa: [wɪθ̠~wɪɾ]
ipa: /wəθ/
ipa: /wəð/
Forms: form: wyth
form: whith
form: wᵗʰ
form: wᵗ
form: w/
form: w
form: whit
form: wi'
form: wit
form: wit'
form: wid
form: wif
form: wiv
Etymology: From Middle English with, from Old English wiþ (“against, opposite, toward, with”), from Proto-West Germanic *wiþi, a shortened form of Proto-Germanic *wiþrą (“against”). In Middle English, the word shifted to denote association rather than opposition, displacing Middle English mid (“with”), from Old English mid (“with”), from Proto-Germanic *midi; an earlier model of this meaning shift exists in cognate Old Norse við; elsewhere, the converse meaning shift is exemplified by Old South Arabian 𐩨𐩺𐩬 (byn, “between, amid”) spawning Old South Arabian 𐩨𐩬 (bn, “against”) and even likewise frequent reverse meaning 𐩨𐩬 (bn, “from”). The adverb sense is probably a semantic loan from various other Germanic languages, such as Norwegian med, Swedish med, and German mit.
Senses: examples: text: He picked a fight with the class bully.
text: Many hatchets, knives, & pieces of iron, & brass, we see, which they reported to have from the Sasquesahanocks a mighty people, and mortal enemies with the Massawomecks.
ref: 1621, John Smith, The Proceedings of the English Colony in Virginia:
glosses: Against.
examples: text: He went with his friends.
text: No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or[…]. And at last I began to realize in my harassed soul that all elusion was futile, and to take such holidays as I could get, when he was off with a girl, in a spirit of thankfulness.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:
glosses: In the company of; alongside, close to; near to.
examples: text: She owns a motorcycle with a sidecar.
glosses: In addition to; as an accessory to.
examples: text: Jim was listening to Bach with his eyes closed.
text: Both armies entered into battle with confidence high.
text: The match result was 10-5, with John scoring three goals.
text: With a heavy sigh, she looked around the empty room.
text: Four people were injured, with one of them in critical condition.
text: With their reputation on the line, they decided to fire their PR team.
text: With that she told me that though she spake of her father, whom she named Chremes, she would hide no truth from me: […]
ref: 1590, Sir Philip Sidney, The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia:
text: With this he pointed to his face, and show'd
His hand and all his habit smear'd with blood.
ref: 1697, Virgil, “Aeneid”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil:
text: See where, on earth, the flowery glories lie,
With her they flourish'd, and with her they die.
ref: 1861, Alexander Pope, “The Fourth Pastoral, or Daphne”, in The Rev. George Gilfillan, editor, The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope:
text: With a bolt of fright he remembered that there was no bathroom in the Hobhouse Room. He leapt along the corridor in a panic, stopping by the long-case clock at the end where he flattened himself against the wall.
ref: 1994, Stephen Fry, chapter 2, in The Hippopotamus:
text: The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about […], or offering services that let you "stay up to date with what your friends are doing",[…]and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention.
ref: 2013 June 21, Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 48:
glosses: Used to add supplemental information, especially to indicate simultaneous happening, or immediate succession or consequence.
examples: text: We are with you all the way.
glosses: In support of.
examples: text: There are a number of problems with your plan.
text: What on Earth is wrong with my keyboard?
text: He was pleased with the outcome.
text: I’m upset with my father.
text: Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.
ref: 2013 June 29, “A punch in the gut”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, pages 72–3:
glosses: In regard to.
examples: text: slain with robbers
text: He was torn to / pieces with a bear:
ref: c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:
text: He was sick and lame of the scurvy, so as he could but lie in the cabin-door, and give direction, and, it should seem, was badly assisted either with mate or mariners
ref: 1669, Nathaniel Morton, New England’s Memorial:
text: But several sowing of Wheat at that time, because 'twas the usual time of doing of it, it lay in the Ground till Rain came, which was the latter end of October first, and then but part of it came up neither, because it was mustied and spoiled with lying so long in the Ground […]
ref: 1721, John Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry, page 61:
glosses: To denote the accomplishment of cause, means, instrument, etc; – sometimes equivalent to by.
examples: text: cut with a knife
text: I water my plants with this watering can. This is the watering can I water my plants with.
text: Find what you want instantly with our search engine.
text: They dismissed the meeting with a wave of their hand.
text: Speak with a confident voice.
text: With what/whose money? I have nothing left to buy groceries (with).
text: you have paid me equal, Heavens, / And sent my own rod to correct me with
ref: (Can we date this quote?), Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, “A King and no King”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act IV, (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
text: They had cut of his head upon the cudy of his boat had not the man reskued him with a sword,
ref: 1620, William Bradford., Of Plymouth Plantation:
text: And keep each other company in spite, / As rivals in your common mistress, fame, / And with faint praises one another damn;
ref: 1677, William Wycherley, The plain-dealer, Prologue:
text: As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels.
ref: 2013 July-August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke”, in American Scientist:
glosses: Using as an instrument; by means of.
examples: text: I am fain to dine and sup with water and bran.
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
glosses: Using as nourishment; more recently replaced by on.
examples: text: It was small and bumpy, with a tinge of orange.
text: There are lots of people with no homes after the wildfire.
text: As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels.
ref: 2013 July-August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke”, in American Scientist:
glosses: Having, owning.
examples: text: Speak with confidence.
text: He spoke with sadness in his voice.
text: The sailors were infected with malaria.
glosses: Affected by (a certain emotion or condition).
examples: text: overcome with happiness
text: green with envy; flushed with success
glosses: Prompted by (a certain emotion).
examples: text: She was with Acme for twenty years before retiring last fall.
glosses: In the employment of.
examples: text: With your kind of body size, you shouldn’t be eating pizza at all.
synonyms: given
glosses: Considering; taking into account.
examples: text: That was a lot to explain; are you still with me?
text: Are you still with me? Good. I was worried, because you may not think you need a lightweight rifle.
ref: 1983 May 23, David E. Petzal, “The Lightweight Division”, in Field & Stream:
glosses: Keeping up with; understanding; following along.
Synonyms: word: w/
topics: medicine
sciences
word: c̄
Derived terms: what with
withness
with it
be with