cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
imperfection
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmpɚˈfɛkʃən/
rhymes: -ɛkʃən
Forms: form: imperfections
Etymology: From Old French imperfeccion, see im- + perfection.
Senses: examples: text: You can accept your imperfection or try to improve.
text: And for the first time she realised what it was to escape from the smallish perfection of England, into the grander imperfection of a great continent.
ref: 1920, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “The Journey Across”, in The Lost Girl, London: Martin Secker […], →OCLC, page 325:
glosses: Those qualities or features that are imperfect; the characteristic, state, or quality of being imperfect.
examples: text: He loves me despite my imperfections.
text: It will be sufficient for me if I discover many beauties or imperfections which others have not attended to; and I should be very glad to see one of our eminent writers publish their discoveries on the same subject.
ref: 2025 December 5 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “FRIDAY, December 31, 1711”, in The Spectator, number 262; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume III, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC, page 308:
text: Notice that cleavage has nothing to do with imperfections in the crystal. Indeed, if you try cleaving an imperfect crystal, you may find that it cannot be cleaved as well as a perfect one. The cleavage is the result of the orderliness of the atomic arrangement. No wonder imperfections, which disturb the orderliness, disturb the cleavage as well. You will also note that the cleavage directions are obedient to the symmetry of the crystal.
ref: 1982, Alan Holden, Phylis Morrison, “Cleaving and Gliding Crystals”, in Crystals and Crystal Growing, Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press, →ISBN, page 202:
glosses: Something that makes something else less than perfect; a blemish, impurity, error, etc.
Synonyms: sense: quality of being imperfect
word: corruption
sense: something that prevents perfection
word: fault
sense: something that prevents perfection
word: flaw
sense: something that prevents perfection
word: mark
sense: something that prevents perfection
word: problem
sense: something that prevents perfection
word: weakness
meso
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmeɪːsoʊ/
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Of a tactic diad, having structural units in identical orientation.
Huang Ho
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Mandarin 黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé, literally “Yellow River”) Wade–Giles romanization: Huang² Ho².
Senses: examples: text: All the hill country between the Valley of the Huang Ho and its tributaries, the Lo, the Yi, etc., as far as the Huai Mountains, was likewise peopled by the Jung—the Jung of the Lo, of the Yi, of Yang-chiu, of Man or Mao, etc.
ref: 1928, Henri Maspero, “The Origins of the Chinese Civilizations”, in C. W. Bishop, transl., Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, 1927, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 438:
text: A tumultuous waterway, the Yangtze ranks second after the Amazon in terms of discharge. Fed by copious amounts of melting snow and also heavy rains, the river's flow is 10 times greater than China's Huang Ho (Hwang River, Huanghe; also known in English as the Yellow River).
ref: 2007, Laurie Burnham, Rivers, Chelsea House, →ISBN, page 43:
text: Known popularly as the Yellow River, the Huang Ho is considered the deadliest river in the world.
ref: 2015, Jeff Probst, Amazing Places, Puffin Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 40:
glosses: Alternative form of Huang He (Yellow River): a major river in northern China, passing through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces as well as Ningxia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regions.
wikipedia: Defense Mapping Agency
Encyclopædia Britannica
n-iamond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: n-iamonds
Etymology: n + (poly)iamond
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A polyiamond made up of n triangles.
Synonyms: polyiamond
moniamond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: moniamonds
Etymology: mon(o)- + (poly)iamond
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: The polyiamond made up of a single triangle.
hexiamond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hexiamonds
Etymology: hex(a)- + (poly)iamond
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A polyiamond made up of six triangles.
Synonyms: 6-iamond
pentiamond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pentiamonds
Etymology: pent(a)- + (poly)iamond
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A polyiamond made up of five triangles.
Dubrovnik
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Serbo-Croatian Ду̀бро̄внӣк (Dùbrōvnīk).
Senses: examples: text: ‘A week later he took me to Dubrovnik. We didn’t even have a balcony. They say it’s a beautiful city.’
ref: 2016, Ian McEwan, Nutshell, Vintage, pages 56–57:
glosses: A city and port in southern Croatia, on the Adriatic Sea; formerly, Ragusa.
Derived terms: Dubrovnikan
tetriamond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tetriamonds
Etymology: tetr(a)- + (poly)iamond
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A polyiamond made up of four triangles.
triamond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: triamonds
Etymology: tr(i)- + (poly)iamond
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A polyiamond made up of three triangles.
never again
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: Current use as slogan popularized after the Holocaust, including by Meir Kahane's titular 1972 book and Jewish Defense League's 1968 adoption of the slogan.
Senses: examples: text: Never again becomes more than a slogan: It’s a prayer, a promise, a vow … never again the glorification of base, ugly, dark violence
ref: 2012, Elie Wiesel, 'Never Again': From a Holocaust phrase to a universal phrase:
text: Yet, as Rose says, "Never again is obsolete. Never again is now.” She points out that there are contemporary genocides and many human rights violations happening at this very second. Rose's words challenge us all to respond to the moral imperative of standing up when confronted by injustice, ...
ref: 2014, Jeffrey D. Wilhelm, Whitney Douglas, Sara W. Fry, The Activist Learner: Inquiry, Literacy, and Service to Make Learning Better, Teachers College Press, →ISBN, page 93:
text: What could be more cynical than a cash grab wrapped up in “never again?”
ref: 2025 January 28, “The Fall of Goma”, in Council on Foreign Relations:
qualifier: set phrase
glosses: At no time in the future; usually said of a negative event, practice, etc., which should not be allowed to reoccur.
Synonyms: sense: at no time in the future
word: nevermore
Related terms: never forget
scrubs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ʌbz
Senses: glosses: plural of scrub
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Clothing worn while performing surgery.
liquidus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: liquidi
form: liquiduses
Etymology: From Latin liquidus. Doublet of liquid.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
coordinate_terms: solidus
solvus
glosses: A line, in a phase diagram, above which a given substance is a stable liquid and below which solid and liquid are in equilibrium.
Related terms: solidus
phase diagram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phase diagrams
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A graph, with axes representing temperature and pressure, showing the equilibrium conditions for a given substance to be a solid, liquid or gas.
glosses: a similar diagram for a binary mixture of substances, with axes representing composition and temperature.
Related terms: critical point
eutectic
eutectic point
liquidus
phase space
solidus
solvus
triple point
proverbial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈvɜɹb.iː.əl/
Forms: form: more proverbial
form: most proverbial
Etymology: From Latin prōverbiālis, equivalent to proverb + -ial
Senses: examples: text: The busyness of a beaver is proverbial.
text: The beaver in this instance upheld the reputation of the proverbial one: her output was prodigious.
text: Doris: You're making me feel like the proverbial stepmother.
ref: 1947, Miracle on 34th Street (transcript)
glosses: Of, resembling, or expressed as a proverb, cliché, fable, or fairy tale.
examples: text: the proverbial smoking gun
text: the proverbial spilled milk
text: The visit was a warning shot across our proverbial bow
text: “We don’t like it, it’s the proverbial ‘crap sandwich’ that they talk about but what’s the best move from here and we think it’s the way to go,” said Rep. Mark Walker, chairman of the large group of fiscal conservatives known as the Republican Study Committee. […] “I think there is a growing consensus, whether it’s February or sometime, that we don’t want to be on this proverbial hamster wheel,” he said.
ref: 2018 January 17, Deidre Walsh, quoting Mark Walker, “Republican Study Committee Chairman supports ‘crap sandwich’ funding bill”, in CNN:
glosses: Optionally placed before an element of a well-known proverb or metaphor to emphasize that the element is not being used in a literal sense (see Usage notes below)
examples: text: I grew up in a prefab house on Main Street in 1950s suburbia, the second and last child of a proverbial nuclear family.
text: Mr. Obama has presented himself as a fresh face, unsteeped in Washington and the proverbial “politics as usual.”
ref: 2007 May 17, Mark Leibovich, “For ’08 Résumés, Don’t Ask Them to Fill in Blanks”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 25 Jan 2021:
glosses: Widely known; famous; stereotypical.
Derived terms: proverbialise
proverbialize
proverbialism
proverbialist
proverbiality
proverbially
proverbialness
the proverbial dog that caught the car
unproverbial
up the proverbial
proverbial
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈvɜɹb.iː.əl/
Forms: form: proverbials
Etymology: From Latin prōverbiālis, equivalent to proverb + -ial
Senses: examples: text: I think we should be prepared in case the proverbial hits the fan.
text: Are you taking the proverbial?
glosses: Used to replace a word that might be considered unacceptable in a particular situation, when using a well-known phrase.
examples: text: You'll find they've got you by the proverbials.
glosses: The groin or the testicles.
Palookaville
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From palooka (“a stupid or oafish person”) + -ville. Popularized in On the Waterfront (1954).
Senses: examples: text: But what holds it is the working-class poetry of Derek Ahonen’s script, with the “broken down dreams” and a “gutter full of empty stomachs” of a hard-boiled era of soulful stiffs and dreamers going nowhere. It’s the speeded-up sound of a return trip to Palookaville.
ref: 2010 March 15, Jason Zinoman, “Dreams Die Hard, Even in Palookaville”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Ram’s descent plays out against a backdrop of New York as Palookaville, full of free-floating hostility and natives who spout movie-bred clichés.
ref: 2012 September 7, Rachel Saltz, “Living in a Material World”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: An imaginary town, the natural home of the mediocre and incompetent.
wikipedia: On the Waterfront
Derived terms: one-way ticket to Palookaville
Related terms: Podunk
palooka
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈluːkə/
Forms: form: palookas
Etymology: Used in the US since the 1920s, originally primarily of boxers. Popularized by Jack Conway of Variety, who also popularized baloney and bimbo. Further popularized by Ham Fisher in his comic strip Joe Palooka about a boxer (published in newspapers since 1930, particularly popular in 1940s).
Senses: glosses: A stupid, oafish or clumsy person.
examples: text: But [Jack] Dempsey against some palooka who had been press agented into greatness and into the form of a Dempsey menace — that would pack any outdoor arena.
ref: 1923 March, Lincoln Star, Nebraska:
text: Butch: Lookin' at somethin', friend?
Vincent: I ain't your friend, palooka.
ref: 1994, Quentin Tarantino, Roger Avary, Pulp Fiction:
topics: boxing
bridge
games
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
qualifier: etc
glosses: Someone incompetent or untalented.
Derived terms: Palookaville
Related terms: topics: boxing
martial-arts
sports
military
war
government
politics
hobbies
lifestyle
word: tomato can
Pamyat
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian Па́мять (Pámjatʹ), ultimately Russian па́мять (pámjatʹ, “memory”).
Senses: glosses: A right-wing Russian political movement.
Pamyat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Pamyats
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian Па́мять (Pámjatʹ), ultimately Russian па́мять (pámjatʹ, “memory”).
Senses: glosses: A member of this movement.
pathfinder prospectus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pathfinder prospectuses
Senses: topics: business
finance
glosses: A preliminary prospectus, relating to a proposed company flotation, that does not state the expected price of shares.
peace dividend
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: peace dividends
Senses: examples: text: The peace dividend, or what Borrell calls the security “siesta”, is truly over. Russia’s invasion led to defence spending by EU states in 2022 for the first time surpassing that of 1989 – 30% higher than in 2013.
ref: 2023 September 30, Patrick Wintour, “‘No turning back’: how the Ukraine war has profoundly changed the EU”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: An economic benefit gained from a reduction in defence spending, especially a fund of public money that is thereby made available for other purposes.
Related terms: peace establishment
peace process
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: peace processes
Senses: hypernyms: peacework
glosses: Negotiations towards the peaceful settlement of a long-running conflict.
Related terms: peace work
peace worker
peer-to-peer
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms. Those that want to borrow are matched with those that want to lend.
ref: 2013 June 1, “End of the peer show”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 71:
glosses: Able to conduct business without using a middleman.
raw_tags: of a social network of equal partners
examples: text: With the peer-to-peer backup paradigm, each file is copied over to another peer in the system rather than to a central backup site.
ref: 2004, Dinesh Verma, Legitimate Applications of Peer-to-Peer Networks, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 98:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: P2P
glosses: Connected as equal partners and able to share processing, control and access to data and peripherals; decentralized.
raw_tags: of a network
Derived terms: peer-to-peer economy
peer-to-peer lending
Related terms: one-to-one
P2P
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: phenyl-2-propanone (phenylacetone)
P2P
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
networking
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Initialism of peer-to-peer.
topics: games
gaming
glosses: Initialism of pay-to-play.
topics: business
glosses: Initialism of procure-to-pay.
topics: media
publishing
glosses: Initialism of pulled-to-publish.
topics: government
politics
glosses: Initialism of people-to-people.
topics: transport
glosses: Initialism of point-to-point.
performance poetry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Poetry written for public performance rather than private reading.
-person
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Forms: form: -persons
form: -people
Etymology: person used in compounds.
Senses: examples: sportsperson
glosses: Someone who is an expert in an area.
examples: spokesperson
glosses: Someone who is employed or holds a position in an area.
examples: superperson
glosses: Someone who has special characteristics relating to a topic or area.
examples: text: Norseperson
text: I see a Scotsperson who will invent a voice machine that will enable a person far, far away to wake another in the dead of night to ask, “Is this the Couchiching Inn?”
ref: 2001, Jim Foster, Still Complaining, →ISBN, page 31:
glosses: Someone of a particular nationality. (More often, the separate noun "person" is used, e.g. "Norse person".)
palmtop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: palmtops
Etymology: From palm + top, as used in one's palm; by analogy with desktop and laptop.
Senses: examples: text: A taxonomy of small computers—laptops, palmtops, and kneetops—was just emerging.
ref: 1994, PC Mag, volume 13, number 6, page 4:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A personal digital assistant.
Pretty Good Privacy
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: software that encrypts and decrypts messages, for transmission over the Internet, using public-key cryptography
Synonyms: PGP
Hypernyms: privacy
pharm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pharms
Etymology: Blend of pharmaceutical + farm
Senses: glosses: A site where organisms are produced for the creation of medicine or pharmaceuticals.
pharm
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pharms
form: pharming
form: pharmed
form: pharmed
Etymology: Blend of pharmaceutical + farm
Senses: examples: text: […] the public concerns center on the underlying technology, which is the same for both germ line gene therapy and the production of pharmed animals.
ref: 2012, T. A. Brown, Introduction to Genetics: A Molecular Approach, page 486:
glosses: To raise genetically modified animals or plants for the production of pharmaceuticals.
pharm
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: These parties are known as pharm parties.
ref: 2013, Pharm parties the latest craze among teens:
text: Pharm Party [title]
ref: 2017, Dose of Reality:
synonyms: pharma
glosses: Of or relating to pharmaceuticals.
turps
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɝps/
ipa: /tɜːps/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)ps
Etymology: Clipping of turpentine + -s (diminutive suffix).
Senses: glosses: Turpentine or turpentine substitute.
examples: text: Generally, big nights on the turps take place in The Rocks and around Kings Cross — where you'll hear and smell the action pretty quickly.
ref: 2005, Paul Smitz, Australia & New Zealand on a Shoestring, page 72:
text: Crazy sessions on the turps were all part of the culture.
ref: 2006, Gregor Paul, Hard Men Fight Back: Kiwi Sportsmen Who Beat the Odds to Live Their Dream, page 199:
text: She caught my eye, and called out, “Just showing off the studio. Keep the turps flowing.”
ref: 2010, Alex Bartoli, Rachel: A Story of Obsessive Love : A Novel, page 110:
glosses: Any alcoholic drink.
Derived terms: on the turps
curses
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɝsɪz/
ipa: /ˈkɜːsɪz/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)sɪz
Senses: examples: text: Fisherman: '1 PLAY COIN FOR 100 GOLD, A BOUNTIFUL TRADE, IF I'D BE SO BOLD!' / Shovel Knight: 'NOT NOW' / FISHERMAN: 'CURSES! THE THOUGHT OF THIS BURDEN UPSETS ME, BUT THAT'S WHAT A LIFE OF ADVENTURING GETS ME!'
ref: 2014, Yacht Club Games, Shovel Knight: Shovel of Hope, Nintendo 3DS, level/area: Armor Outpost:
glosses: Expression of annoyance or frustration.
raw_tags: in the US
curses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɝsɪz/
ipa: /ˈkɜːsɪz/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)sɪz
Senses: glosses: plural of curse
curses
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɝsɪz/
ipa: /ˈkɜːsɪz/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)sɪz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of curse
plug-and-play
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of plug and play.
post-structuralism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A doctrine that rejects structuralism’s claims to objectivity and emphasises the plurality of meaning.
whoops
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /ʍuːps/
ipa: /wʊps/
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /wʊps/
note: without the wine–whine merger
ipa: /ʍʊps/
rhymes: -ʊps
Etymology: Onomatopoetic.
Senses: glosses: Oops.
Derived terms: whoops-a-daisy
whoops, there go my trousers
whoops
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /ʍuːps/
ipa: /wʊps/
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /wʊps/
note: without the wine–whine merger
ipa: /ʍʊps/
rhymes: -ʊps
Forms: form: whoopses
form: whoopsing
form: whoopsed
form: whoopsed
Etymology: Onomatopoetic.
Senses: examples: text: There are several people moaning in Tourist behind them, one stew had gone back with a handful of fresh airsick bags, and a man […] had whoopsed into his National Observer and had grinned apologetically at the stewardess who came to help him clean up.
ref: 2023, Lucas Scott Mark, The Hitman:
glosses: To vomit.
whoops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /ʍuːps/
ipa: /wʊps/
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /wʊps/
note: without the wine–whine merger
ipa: /ʍʊps/
rhymes: -ʊps
ipa: /wuːps/
ipa: /huːps/
rhymes: -uːps
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /ʍuːps/
ipa: /wʊps/
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /wʊps/
note: without the wine–whine merger
ipa: /ʍʊps/
rhymes: -ʊps
Etymology: From whoop + -s.
Senses: glosses: plural of whoop
whoops
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /ʍuːps/
ipa: /wʊps/
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /wʊps/
note: without the wine–whine merger
ipa: /ʍʊps/
rhymes: -ʊps
ipa: /wuːps/
ipa: /huːps/
rhymes: -uːps
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /ʍuːps/
ipa: /wʊps/
ipa: /ʍʊps/
ipa: /wʊps/
note: without the wine–whine merger
ipa: /ʍʊps/
rhymes: -ʊps
Etymology: From whoop + -s.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of whoop
post-traumatic stress disorder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: post-traumatic stress disorders
form: PTSD
form: post traumatic stress disorder
form: posttraumatic stress disorder
form: post-traumatic-stress disorder
form: posttraumatic-stress disorder
Senses: examples: text: That 200,000 public school students have been identified with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder since Sept. 11 should serve as a wake-up call for school-based mental health services for all students. We must not allow Sept. 11 to eclipse the post-traumatic stress disorders suffered by students from epidemics of H.I.V.-AIDS and community and domestic violence.
ref: 2002 May 15, Christine Schmidt, “Post-Sept. 11 Trauma”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, published 20 May 2002, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 May 2015:
text: The evidence says that enormous numbers of children who live in households in high-crime neighborhoods are experiencing the psychological equivalent of battlefield conditions.[...]Studies show that many children who live under these conditions, 30 percent or more, are developing post-traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, similar to what we used to call “shell shock” in soldiers returning from war.
ref: 2009, Kamala Harris, “Putting Humpty Dumpty Back Together Again”, in Smart on Crime, San Francisco: Chronicle Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 107:
text: An example of the contract, read out in the committee said: “I understand that exposure to this content may give me post traumatic stress disorder. I will engage in a mandatory wellness coaching session but I understand that those are not conditions and may not be sufficient to prevent my contracting PTSD.”
ref: 2021 May 12, Cristina Criddle, “Facebook moderator: ‘Every day was a nightmare’”, in BBC News:
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
synonyms: post-traumatic stress syndrome
glosses: A psychological condition that develops following some stressful situation or event, with symptoms such as sleep disturbance, recurrent dreams, flashbacks, hypervigilance, depression, dissociation, withdrawal or lack of concentration.
Hyponyms: battle fatigue
complex post-traumatic stress disorder
shell shock
Related terms: Stockholm syndrome
soldier's heart
power dressing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A conservative style of business dress that gives an impression of confidence and efficiency and was used especially by women in the 1970s and 1980s to succeed in a male-dominated business world.
Related terms: power dresser
power tie
power lunch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: power lunch where big-time over a sit-down meal
form: power lunches
Etymology: Coined by American journalist Lee Eisenberg in 1979, in the Esquire article “America’s Most Powerful Lunch.”
Senses: examples: text: Difficult as it is to recollect today, tiki was a highbrow phenomenon: Trader Vic’s in the Washington, D.C., Hilton, for instance, became a famed venue for mid-century power lunches.
ref: 2011 October 3, Wayne Curtis, “From Tiki to Tacky—and Back”, in The Atlantic:
glosses: A working lunch at which bosses make business decisions or hold important discussions.
wikipedia: Esquire (magazine)
Related terms: power coffee
power nap
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: power naps
form: powernap
Etymology: Coined by Cornell University social psychologist James Maas.
Senses: glosses: A short sleep taken in the daytime in order to refresh a person and generally terminated before deep sleep begins so as not to leave the sleeper drowsy.
prawn cocktail offensive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Compare charm offensive. Prawn cocktail implies taking people out for lunch.
Senses: glosses: a strategy of the Labour Party in winning over important people in the world of finance
precompetitive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + competitive.
Senses: examples: a precompetitive research partnership
glosses: describing the early stages of the development of a commercial product, during which competitors collaborate
Related terms: precompetition
silver jubilee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silver jubilees
Senses: glosses: The silver anniversary of a coronation, the 25th anniversary of a monarch's rule.
examples: text: In Germany... a married couple, when celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of their marriage-day, are said to keep their golden jubilee; but on the twenty-fifth anniversary they have credit only for a silver jubilee.
ref: 1853, Thomas de Quincey, “Autobiographical Sketches”, in Selections Grave and Gay, volume I, page 133:
text: By 1922, when The Railway Magazine attained its Silver Jubilee, the railways were in the throes of grouping, the Act for which had been passed the previous year, and which came fully into force in 1923.
ref: 1957 July 24, M. D. Greville, “A Diamond Jubilee of Railway Memories”, in Railway Magazine, page 496:
glosses: Synonym of silver anniversary more generally.
synonyms: word: silver anniversary more generally
Coordinate terms: ruby jubilee (40th)
golden jubilee (50th)
diamond jubilee (60th
75th)
platinum jubilee (70th)
pre-embryo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pre-embryos
Etymology: From pre- + embryo.
Senses: glosses: A fertilized human egg, up to 14 days old, that can develop into an embryo; especially one to be implanted by IVF.
preloaded
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of software, already installed on a personal computer at the time of purchase.
preloaded
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of preload
prenup
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹiːnʌp/
Forms: form: prenups
Etymology: Clipping of prenuptial.
Senses: examples: text: Such tangles and many others can be avoided with a buy-sell agreement — basically a business prenup or a postnup, depending on when owners draw it up.
ref: 2008 February 20, Deborah L. Jacobs, “Making the Breakup Much Easier”, in The New York Times:
text: Now, let me add that I am not generally a fan of prenups for people without big assets or liabilities, or children from previous relationships.
ref: 2023 October 5, Phillip Galanes, “My Boyfriend Wants a Prenup. Can I Say No?”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A prenuptial agreement.
glosses: A casual photoshoot before a wedding
Synonyms: antenuptial agreement
premarital agreement
Coordinate terms: postnup
silver wedding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silver weddings
Etymology: A calque of German Silberhochzeit or silberne Hochzeit, first attested 1845.
Senses: examples: text: The Silver Wedding! on some pensive ear
From towers remote as sound the silvery bells,
To-day from one far unforgotten year
A silvery faint memorial music swells.
ref: 1845, Arthur Hugh Clough, Ambarvalia: Poems, London: Chapman and Hall, published 1849, page 28:
text: ‘Perhaps you have no golden or silver wedding in England?’
‘I confess I never heard of any thing of the kind,’ said Hamilton...
ref: 1850, Jemima von Tautphoeus, Initials, volume I, page 121:
glosses: The silver anniversary of a wedding, the 25th anniversary of a marriage.
Coordinate terms: ruby wedding (40th)
golden wedding (50th)
diamond wedding (60th
75th)
prenuptial agreement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: prenuptial agreements
Etymology: From prenuptial + agreement.
Senses: examples: text: Not so long ago, prenuptial agreements raised eyebrows. What hope was there for a marriage, the thinking went, if even before the wedding the couple were specifying who gets what in case of divorce?
ref: 2001 July 7, Tamar Lewin, “Among Nuptial Agreements, Post- Has Now Joined Pre-”, in The New York Times:
text: Last week, he said we should get married and that he wants a prenuptial agreement.
ref: 2023 October 5, Phillip Galanes, “My Boyfriend Wants a Prenup. Can I Say No?”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A legal document, signed by both parties before marriage, stating the legal claims on each other's estate upon a subsequent divorce.
Synonyms: antenuptial agreement
premarital agreement
prenup
prenuptial
prenuptual
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹiˈnʌp.t͡ʃwəɫ/
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of prenuptial.
Derived terms: prenuptual agreement
Related terms: nuptual
profiling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: profilings
Senses: examples: text: "If you're accused of profiling or pretextual stops, you can bring your daily logbook to court and document that pulling over motorists for 'stickler' reasons is part of your customary pattern," Remsberg writes, "not a glaring exception conveniently dusted off in the defendant's case."
ref: 2019, Malcolm Gladwell, Talking to Strangers:
glosses: The forensic science of constructing an outline of a person's individual characteristics.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: In the construction of fieldworks, the erection at proper intervals of wooden profiles, to show to the workmen the sectional form of the parapets at those points.
Hyponyms: DNA profiling
facial profiling
psychological profiling
racial profiling
profiling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of profile
propeller head
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: propeller heads
form: propellor head
form: propeller-head
form: propellerhead
Etymology: In reference to people, exemplified by the kind of child who wore a propeller beanie.
Senses: glosses: The hub of a propeller, into which the blades fit.
glosses: A person deeply absorbed in an academic field or technical interest, especially to the exclusion of social activities.
Synonyms: sense: person absorbed in an academic field or technical interest
word: geek
word: nerd
word: weenie
word: dork
Related terms: propeller beanie
public-key cryptography
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A form of cryptography which allows users to communicate securely without previously agreeing on a shared secret key (abbreviation PKC)
Synonyms: asymmetric cryptography
public-key encryption
PKC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: computing
cryptography
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Initialism of public-key cryptography.
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Initialism of protein kinase C.
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Initialism of paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis.
pull-down
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pull-downs
form: pulldown
Etymology: Deverbal from pull down.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
coordinate_terms: dropdown
drop-down
glosses: A dynamic menu; a list of options in a computer application which appears below a heading when it is selected, and remains only as long as the user needs it.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: A technique by which a protein is brought down in a test tube by another.
examples: text: When a TV monitor is in shot, and the film is transferred to video through the normal 2:3 pulldown there will be a strobing effect where the film and video frame rates clash.
ref: 2013, David Mellor, Sound Person's Guide to Video, page 216:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
signal-processing
glosses: The conversion of video footage to a higher frame rate by duplicating certain frames.
glosses: Dodder (plant of genus Cuscuta).
examples: text: Another classic trick with rings is the 'pull-down'. This can only be done with rings that fit easily over your head.
ref: 1994, Haggis McLeod, KNOW THE GAME - JUGGLING, →ISBN:
text: 2004, Luke Holman, Hardest, most tech trick on the net, May 12 2004 via Google Groups
For example, the 11 ring pulldown didn't stick in my head because I don't really juggle rings, and I have no conception of how hard it is.
topics: arts
hobbies
juggling
lifestyle
performing-arts
sports
glosses: A trick done with rings where each ring is pulled down over the head instead of being caught and held in the hand.
topics: exercise
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: An exercise mostly performed by pulling cables, a bar, or handles from a machine situated diagonally to the front top of the sportsman and targetting the rear muscles.
Derived terms: lat pulldown
pull-down resistor
Related terms: pull-down assay
retractable
pull-down
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pulldown
Etymology: Deverbal from pull down.
Senses: examples: text: The new seating in the second-class open coach; note the newspaper racks and the pull-down tables on the seat-backs.
ref: 1964 July, Brian Haresnape, “XP64: New Standard Carriage Project”, in Modern Railways, page 4, photo caption:
glosses: That can be pulled down (lowered).
pulldown
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pulldowns
Senses: examples: text: For example, let’s say you do a set of pulldowns followed by two dropsets. If you get 10 reps with 170 on the first set, immediately select 150 and knock out another 10.
ref: (Can we date this quote?), Greg Merritt, “Go Beyond Failure with Dropsets”, in Muscle & Fitness:
glosses: Alternative form of pull-down.
pull down
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: pulls down
form: pulling down
form: pulled down
form: pulled down
Senses: glosses: To make (something) lower (especially of clothes).
examples: text: Bawd. But shall all our houses of resort in the Suburbs be puld downe?
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
text: At Kiwi, 40 miles from Nelson [New Zealand], eight women installed themselves in the goods shed, taking with them their knitting, and a supply of food and magazines. The demolition crew was unable to pull the building down without injuring them.
ref: 1955 December, “Notes and News: Women Delay Railway Demolition”, in Railway Magazine, page 878:
text: In the latter years of its existence, BR was rationalising its estate by pulling down station buildings which were too large for its modern operational needs, or by shutting off parts of them when demolition was not an option. Kilmarnock station falls into this latter category. It dominates the townscape, but its operational importance has seriously diminished since electrification of the West Coast Main Line.
ref: 2021 December 15, Robin Leleux, “Awards honour the best restoration projects: The Bam Nuttall Partnership Award: Kilmarnock”, in RAIL, number 946, page 58:
glosses: To demolish or destroy (a building etc.).
examples: text: The home side got themselves in a mess again after 12 minutes when Victor Ruiz pulled down Ramires just outside the box. Lampard drilled a low free-kick past the wall but Diego Alves was down quickly to turn the ball away.
ref: 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: To cause to fall to the floor
Derived terms: micro-pulling-down
pulse dialing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
telephony
glosses: A system of telephone dialing in which each digit is transmitted as the equivalent number of pulses.
Synonyms: loop disconnect dialing
rotary dialing
decadic dialing
Related terms: tone dialing
touch-tone dialing
touch-tone dialing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
telephony
glosses: A system of telephone dialing in which each digit is transmitted as a tone or combination of tones of specific pitch.
Synonyms: dual tone multi-frequency
Related terms: pulse dialing
tone dialing
push the envelope
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpʊʃ ðiː ˈɛnvələʊp/
ipa: /-ˈɒnv(ə)ləʊp/
ipa: /ˌpʊʃ ði ˈɛnvəˌloʊp/
ipa: /-ˈɑn-/
Forms: form: pushes the envelope
form: pushing the envelope
form: pushed the envelope
form: pushed the envelope
Etymology: From push (“to continually exert oneself in order to achieve a goal”) + the + envelope (“set of limitations within which a technological system can perform safely and effectively”) (compare flight envelope), referring to the boundary line on a graph of an aircraft’s capabilities, especially those of altitude and speed. The term was popularized by the book The Right Stuff (1979) by the American author and journalist Tom Wolfe (1930–2018) about the pilots engaged in United States postwar research with experimental rocket-powered, high-speed aircraft, and the first Project Mercury astronauts selected for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s human spaceflight program.
Senses: examples: text: They pushed the envelope on pricing derivatives.
text: Aerial photography was coming into its own, and flying shutterbugs pushed the envelope, striving to outsnap each other.
ref: 1992, Popular Mechanics, volume 169, number 11, page 18:
text: This is basically why I’ve enjoyed the rise of Huckabee and Paul: Not because I agree with them on an issue-by-issue basis, but because they’re willing to push the envelope a bit, and expand the definition of what a conservative can stand for in ways that I think are ultimately healthy for the party.
ref: 2007 November 29, Ross Douthat, “Pushing the Envelope”, in The Atlantic:
text: Marketing to consumers can still be a minefield […] but diaper manufacturers—confident that the embarrassment factor can be overcome—are determined to push the envelope.
ref: 2013 July 11, Adam Pasick, “In Rapidly Aging Japan, Adult Diaper Sales Are About to Surpass Baby Diapers”, in The Atlantic:
text: "You've got to keep pushing the envelope in terms of what else you can do," he says. "It's all about trying - to use that horrible management phrase - to 'sweat the asset'."
ref: 2024 April 3, Richard Foster, “Training the next generation of engineers”, in RAIL, number 1006, page 51:
synonyms: push the edge of the envelope
stretch the envelope
glosses: To go beyond established limits; to pioneer.
wikipedia: Project Mercury
Tom Wolfe
Related terms: raise the bar
push it
quad bike
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: quad bikes
Etymology: From quad (“four (“4”)”) + bike (“bicycle”).
From being a 4-wheeled quadricycle vehicle that is ridden astride like a dirt bike (“motorcycle”).
Senses: glosses: A small off-road four-wheeled powered vehicle, especially of a design derived from a motorcycle, usually used for recreation or farm work.
Synonyms: quad
four-wheeler
Hypernyms: all-terrain vehicle
ATV
Coordinate terms: side-by-side
SxS
dirt bike
off-road
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From off- + road.
Senses: examples: text: At the heart of this effort is Assembly Bill 1346, signed into law in 2021, which targets small off-road engines (SOREs) like gas-powered generators, lawnmowers, and leaf blowers.
ref: 2025 May 4, Stacey Sloughfy, “How California's Upcoming State Ban Will Impact RVs And Camping Trips”, in The Travel:
glosses: Designed for, used for, or taking place on a driving surface that is not traditionally paved, such as a beach or rugged terrain.
examples: text: off-road parking
glosses: Synonym of off-street.
synonyms: word: off-street
Synonyms: sense: Designed for driving on rugged terrain
word: all-terrain
Derived terms: off-roader
off-road
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: off-roads
form: off-roading
form: off-roaded
form: off-roaded
Etymology: From off- + road.
Senses: glosses: To travel in rugged terrain instead of on a paved track.
isomorphism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌaɪsə(ʊ)ˈmɔɹfɪzəm/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)fɪzəm
Forms: form: isomorphisms
Etymology: From iso- + -morphism.
Senses: examples: text: The postulated isomorphism between words and things constitutes the characterizing feature of all philosophically based universal languages.
ref: 1984, Brigitte Asbach-Schnitker, “Introduction”, in Mercury or The Secret and Swift Messenger, →ISBN:
glosses: Similarity of form
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Similarity of form
the similarity in form of organisms, which may be due to convergent evolution or shared genetic background, e.g. an algae species in which the haploid and diploid life stages are indistinguishable based on morphology.
examples: text: The isomorphism of compounds does not prove the isomorphism of their respective constituents.
ref: 1874, C. Rammelsberg, “Crystallographic and chemical relations of the natural sulphides, arsenides, and sulpharsenides”, in The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science, page 197:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Similarity of form
the similarity in the crystal structures of similar chemical compounds.
topics: human-sciences
sciences
social-science
sociology
glosses: Similarity of form
the similarity in the structure or processes of different organizations.
glosses: A one-to-one correspondence
A bijection f such that both f and its inverse f⁻¹ are homomorphisms, that is, structure-preserving mappings.
qualifier: group algebra
topics: computer
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
science
sciences
glosses: A one-to-one correspondence
a one-to-one correspondence between all the elements of two sets, e.g. the instances of two classes, or the records in two datasets.
topics: category-theory
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A one-to-one correspondence
A morphism which has a two-sided inverse; the composition of the morphism and such an inverse yields either one of two identity morphisms (depending on the order of composition).
Synonyms: sense: in category theory
word: iso
Derived terms: Curry-Howard isomorphism
natural isomorphism
quasi-isomorphism
ring isomorphism
symplectomorphism
Related terms: word: isomorphic
word: isomorphous
urls: https://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php/Isomorphism
word: Isomorphism on Encyclopedia of Mathematics
urls: https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/isomorphism
word: isomorphism on nLab
urls: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Isomorphism.html
word: Isomorphism on Wolfram MathWorld
urls: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GraphIsomorphism.html
word: Graph Isomorphism on Wolfram MathWorld
urls: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NaturalIsomorphism.html
word: Natural Isomorphism on Wolfram MathWorld
quality time
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Originally American English, early 1970s.
Senses: examples: text: All of this leaves a gap for families to spend quality time together in a relaxed atmosphere – and that is where the Twixmas breaks have come in.
ref: 2014 December 28, Gareth Rubin, “Families find a haven with Twixmas breaks”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Time spent enjoyably with family, friends, or one's partner.
examples: text: Here, Dracula frets about growing old without a romantic partner (his wife died years ago), while Mavis worries that her working relationship with her dad running their hotel is cutting down on quality time.
ref: 2018 July 10, Jesse Hassenger, “Improbably but amusingly, Hotel Transylvania 3 notches a series best”, in The Onion AV Club, archived from the original on 09 Jul 2018:
glosses: Time spent by working parents with their children, especially time given over to productive or creative attention.
collegial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈliːd͡ʒəl/
ipa: /kəˈliːd͡ʒi.əl/
ipa: /kəˈliːd͡ʒɪ.əl/
rhymes: -iːdʒəl
Forms: form: more collegial
form: most collegial
Etymology: From Middle English collegial, from Middle French collégial.
Senses: glosses: Of, relating to, or ruled by colleagues.
topics: Catholicism
Christianity
Roman-Catholicism
glosses: Ruled by bishops having equal power.
glosses: Of or relating to a college or its students; collegiate.
glosses: Possessing adherence to the ethos, standards and conduct that govern behavior among colleagues within a given organization or profession.
Derived terms: collegialism
collegiality
collegially
intercollegial
noncollegial
semicollegial
uncollegial
Related terms: colleague
collegiate
centenary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɛnˈtɛnəɹi/
ipa: /ˈsɛntəˌnɛɹi/
ipa: /sɛnˈtiːn(ə)ri/
ipa: /sənˈtiːn(ə)ri/
ipa: /sɛnˈtɛn(ə)ri/
ipa: /sənˈtɛn(ə)ri/
Etymology: From Latin centēnārius (“containing 100; local official overseeing a hundred”) either directly or via French centenaire, from centēnī (“100 each”) + -ārius (“-ary”), from centum (“hundred”). Doublet of centner, kantar, and quintal.
Senses: coordinate_terms: unary
binary
trinary
tetranary
quintenary
hexanary
septenary
octonary
nonary
decenary
vicenary
tricenary
quadragenary
quinquagenary
semicentenary
sexagenary
septuagenary
octogenary
glosses: Of or related to the number one hundred, particularly
Occurring every 100 years.
coordinate_terms: unary
binary
trinary
tetranary
quintenary
hexanary
septenary
octonary
nonary
decenary
vicenary
tricenary
quadragenary
quinquagenary
semicentenary
sexagenary
septuagenary
octogenary
glosses: Of or related to the number one hundred, particularly
Lasting or aged 100 years, 100-year-old.
synonyms: centennial
centenarian
hundred-year-old
coordinate_terms: unary
binary
trinary
tetranary
quintenary
hexanary
septenary
octonary
nonary
decenary
vicenary
tricenary
quadragenary
quinquagenary
semicentenary
sexagenary
septuagenary
octogenary
glosses: Of or related to the number one hundred, particularly
Of or relating to hundreds, the administrative unit.
Related terms: centenarian