cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
orthogonal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɔːˈθɒɡ.ə.nəl/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ɔɹˈθɑ.ɡə.nəl/
note: of the US
ipa: /ɔɹˈθɒɡ.ə.nəl/
ipa: /oːˈθɔɡ.ə.nəl/
ipa: /oːˈθɒɡ.ə.nəl/
ipa: [oːˈθɔ̟ɡ.ə.nəl]
Forms: form: orthogonals
Etymology: From Middle French orthogonal, in turn from Medieval Latin orthogōnālis and Latin orthogōnius (“right-angled”), ultimately from Ancient Greek ὀρθογώνιος (orthogṓnios, “rectangular”). By surface analysis, ortho- + -gon + -al.
Senses: examples: text: All of the orthogonals in this painting display an understanding of linear perspective.
glosses: An orthogonal line.
Related terms: uncorrelated
emo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ēʹ-mō
ipa: /ˈiː.moʊ/
rhymes: -iːməʊ
Forms: form: emos
Etymology: Clipping of emotional. Compound emocore first attested in 1986. Word emo first attested in 1988.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A particular style of hardcore punk rock.
glosses: A person associated with that subculture and musical style.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Any form of guitar-driven alternative rock that is particularly or notably emotional
glosses: A person associated with a fashion or stereotype of that style of rock.
glosses: A young person who is considered to be over-emotional or who is associated with the emo subculture.
emo
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ēʹ-mō
ipa: /ˈiː.moʊ/
rhymes: -iːməʊ
Forms: form: more emo
form: most emo
Etymology: Clipping of emotional. Compound emocore first attested in 1986. Word emo first attested in 1988.
Senses: examples: text: The one thing everyone agrees on is that they've never encountered a band that claimed to be emo.
ref: 2007, James A. Reinking, Robert Von Der Osten, Strategies for successful writing:
text: Trevor looks kind of emo, rail thin, dark hair, guyliner, wears black all the time.
ref: 2012, Megan Bostic, Never Eighteen:
glosses: Associated with youth subcultures which are associated with the above-mentioned musical genre(s) and with emotional sensitivity.
glosses: Emotional; sensitive.
examples: text: Criticism drapes a black velvet cape across the puddle that interrupts the path to change, to be emo about it.
ref: 2008, Vanity Fair, number 578:
glosses: Depressed.
Derived terms: emo bangs
emokid
emo metal
emoness
emophobe
emo rap
emotard
emotronic
emotronica
Midwest emo
screamo
Related terms: sense: probably etymologically unrelated
word: emo skink
pleasaunce
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈplɛz(ə)ns/
rhymes: -ɛzəns
Forms: form: pleasaunces
Senses: examples: text: No maid will talk / Of sitting on my tomb, until the leaves, / Grown big upon the bushes of the walk, / East of the Palace-pleasaunce, make it hard / To see the minster therefrom […]
ref: 1858, William Morris, Sir Galahad:
text: And he looked in the mirror, and, seeing his own face, he gave a great cry and woke, and the bright sunlight was streaming into the room, and from the trees of the garden and pleasaunce the birds were singing.
ref: 1891, Oscar Wilde, “The Young King”, in A House of Pomegranates, London: James R[ipley] Osgood, McIlvaine & Co […], →OCLC, page 18:
text: King Amor planted the seed in a pleasaunce of its own. It grew into the most beautiful blue flower the world had ever known.
ref: 1904, Frances Hodgson Burnett, The Land of the Blue Flower:
text: It must be remembered that she was like a child, entering into possession of a pleasaunce or toycupboard; her arguments would not commend themselves to mature women, who have had the run of it all their lives.
ref: 1928, Virginia Woolf, Orlando: A Biography, London: The Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished as Orlando: A Biography (eBook no. 0200331h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, July 2015:
glosses: Alternative form of pleasance.
theocracy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /θiːˈɒkɹəsi/
homophone: theocrasy
Forms: form: theocracies
Etymology: From theo- + -cracy, originally from Ancient Greek θεοκρατία (theokratía, “rule of (a) God”), a term coined in the 1st century by Josephus (Against Apion 2.17) in reference to the ancient Israelite polity under the Mosaic covenant. Attested in English from the 1620s, first by John Donne in A Sermon upon the fifth of November 1622. being the Anniversary celebration of our Deliverance from the Powder Treason: "The Jews were onely under a Theocratie, an immediate government of God..."
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonym: clericocracy
text: Tibet was a Buddhist theocracy ruled by the Dalai Lama prior to Chinese annexation.
text: The Vatican City State is a sovereign city-state and a Christian theocracy ruled by the Pope.
text: Lynch certainly seems to think to. “We feel liberated from the prism of the past,” he says. “Ireland was a theocracy.”
ref: 2023 December 2, Frederick Studemann, quoting Paul Lynch, “Civilisation is so easily lost”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 11:
hypernyms: ideocracy
glosses: Government under the control of a state religion.
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:theocracy.
glosses: Rule by a god.
Related terms: theocrat
theocratic
niggardly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɪɡədli/
ipa: /ˈnɪɡɚdli/
Forms: form: more niggardly
form: most niggardly
Etymology: From niggard + -ly (adjectival suffix).
Senses: examples: text: [W]here the owner of the house will be bountiful, it is not for the steward to be niggardly.
ref: 1609, Joseph Hall, (paraphrasing Ambrose? in) "No Peace with Rome", in Josiah Pratt (editor), The Works of the Right Reverend Father in God, Joseph Hall, D. D., Vol. IX. Polemical Works, London, (1808), page 57
text: They were not niggardly, these tramps, and he who had money did not hesitate to share it among the rest.
ref: 1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, “chapter 47”, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:
text: This manifests itself in an implacable tendency to provide an opulent supply of some things and a niggardly yield of others.
ref: 1958, John Kenneth Galbraith, The Affluent Society, published 1998, →ISBN, page 186:
synonyms: word: miserly
word: stingy
word: as tight as Dick's hatband
word: cheap
word: cheeseparing
word: chintzy
word: close
word: close as wax
word: close-fisted
word: illiberal
word: mean
word: miserable
word: miserly
word: narrow-fisted
word: niggardly
word: nipcheese
word: parsimonious
word: peddling
word: penny-wise
word: penny-pinching
word: penurious
word: scrooge-like
word: scrubby
word: shabby
word: still got one's communion money
word: stingy
word: swear
word: tight
word: tight-fisted
word: tight as a tick
word: tighter than Dick's hatband
word: ungenerous
word: ungiving
glosses: Withholding for the sake of meanness; stingy, miserly.
Derived terms: niggardlily
niggardliness
unniggardly
niggardly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɪɡədli/
ipa: /ˈnɪɡɚdli/
Forms: form: more niggardly
form: most niggardly
Etymology: From niggard + -ly (adverbial suffix).
Senses: examples: text: because many families are compelled to live niggardly, exhaust and undone by great dowers, none shall be given at all, or very little […].
ref: , New York 2001, p.105
glosses: In a parsimonious way; sparingly, stingily.
rugby
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌɡbi/
Forms: form: rugbies
form: Rugby
Etymology: From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).
Senses: examples: text: The scrum is a distinctive element of rugby.
text: The two rugbies split following a debate about amateurism.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
synonyms: rugger
glosses: A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: The form of the game known as rugby union (see the usage note).
examples: text: I don't know why, but for some reason people who work undercover for department store security always wear rugbies and khakis.
ref: 2003, B. Lawson Thornton, Misery Loves Company: The Diary of Kerri Mitchell, East River Press, →ISBN:
text: Jansports and cargo pants were everywhere, set off with overstated polos, rugbies, and sweatshirts blaring the logos of hip hop designers.
ref: 2007, Adam Mansbach, Angry Black White Boy: […], Crown, →ISBN, page 69:
text: I bought three jogging suits, a pair of Polo sneakers, and two rugbies.
ref: 2015, Tony Jackson, From the Streets to the Sheets, Page Publishing, →ISBN:
glosses: Ellipsis of rugby shirt (“a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar”).
Hyponyms: word: American rules rugby
english: evolved into American football
translation: evolved into American football
word: Harvard rules football
english: evolved into Canadian football
translation: evolved into Canadian football
word: Canadian rules rugby
word: rugby league
word: league
word: rugby union
word: RU
word: union
word: rugby sevens
word: rugby 7s
word: rugby tens
word: rugby 10s
word: ten-a-side rugby
word: 10-a-side rugby
word: ten-a-side
word: 10-a-side
word: rugby fifteens
word: rugby 15s
Derived terms: chesterfield rugby
flag rugby
mini rugby
quad rugby
rippa rugby
rugby ball
rugby boot
rugbyesque
rugby fives
rugby football
rugby footballer
rugby head
rugbyist
rugby league
rugbylike
rugby pass
rugby player
rugby sevens
rugby shirt
rugby tackle
rugby union
rugger
tag rugby
touch rugby
underwater rugby
wheelchair rugby
rugby
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌɡbi/
Forms: form: rugbies
form: rugbying
form: rugbied
form: rugbied
Etymology: From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).
Senses: glosses: To play rugby.
Related terms: American football
association football
Canadian football
football
rugby football
rugby
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌɡbi/
Forms: form: rugbys
Etymology: Genericized trademark from Rugby, a brand of rubber cement by Bostik.
Senses: glosses: Rubber cement, contact cement; commonly associated with solvent abuse, as it is often used as an inhalant.
Derived terms: rugby boy
orgasm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔː.ɡæ.zəm/
ipa: /ˈoɹ.ɡæ.zəm/
rhymes: -æzəm
Forms: form: orgasms
Etymology: From French orgasme or New Latin orgasmus, from Ancient Greek ὀργασμός (orgasmós, “excitement, swelling”), from ὀργάω (orgáō, “to swell with moisture”).
Senses: examples: text: Hence simple fevers are of two kinds; first, the febris irritativa, or fever with strong pulse, which consists of a previous torpor of the heart, arteries, and capillaries, and a succeeding orgasm of those vessels.
ref: 1794, Erasmus Darwin, Zoonomia:
glosses: A spasm or sudden contraction.
examples: text: Never had I experienced such an immense slow orgasm – its ripples ran like the tributaries of the Nile throughout the whole nervous system.
ref: 1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Penguin 2004 (Avignon Quintet), page 668
text: There does not have to be romance involved with sexual pleasure: some of us just like orgasms for the hell of it.
ref: 2007 September 12, Zoe Margolis, The Guardian:
text: If you want to get an orgasm, I recommend buying a vibrator.
glosses: A rush of sexual excitement; now specifically, the climax or peak of sexual pleasure, which occurs during sexual activity and which in males may include ejaculation and in females vaginal contractions.
glosses: A creamy white alcoholic cocktail containing amaretto, Irish cream, and coffee liqueur.
Synonyms: word: acme
word: big O
word: climax
word: happy ending
word: pleasure
word: release
word: satisfaction
Hyponyms: word: assgasm
word: birthgasm
word: bodygasm
word: boobgasm
word: braingasm
word: gymgasm
word: mindgasm
word: nipplegasm
word: sissygasm
word: yogasm
Derived terms: airgasm
dry orgasm
fauxgasm
-gasm
Gorbasm
head orgasm
multiorgasm
multiorgasmic
multiorgasmically
multiple orgasm
orgasmatron
orgasm balls
orgasm gap
orgasmic
orgasmically
orgasmless
orgasmlike
orgasm shot
ruined orgasm
screaming orgasm
skin orgasm
snoregasm
superorgasm
yogasm
Related terms: word: orgastic
word: afterglow
word: postgasm
word: -gasm
orgasm
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔː.ɡæ.zəm/
ipa: /ˈoɹ.ɡæ.zəm/
rhymes: -æzəm
Forms: form: orgasms
form: orgasming
form: orgasmed
form: orgasmed
Etymology: From French orgasme or New Latin orgasmus, from Ancient Greek ὀργασμός (orgasmós, “excitement, swelling”), from ὀργάω (orgáō, “to swell with moisture”).
Senses: glosses: To have an orgasm.
Synonyms: word: climax
word: come
word: cum
word: finish
word: get off
word: get the dirty water off one's chest
Related terms: word: ejaculate
word: pleasure
Kalanga
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A Bantu language spoken in Botswana and Zimbabwe.
spoofing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈspuːfɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈspu̟fɪ̃ŋ]
ipa: [ˈspʉːfɪŋ]
rhymes: -uːfɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of spoof
spoofing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈspuːfɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈspu̟fɪ̃ŋ]
ipa: [ˈspʉːfɪŋ]
rhymes: -uːfɪŋ
Forms: form: spoofings
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Falsifying one's identity or other identifying information (e.g. location) by technical means to deceive or gain access.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A method of attacking a computer program, in which the program is modified so as to appear to be working normally when in reality it has been modified with the purpose of circumventing security mechanisms.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Phishing.
freedom of movement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɹiː.dəm.əv.muːv.mənt/
Senses: glosses: The right of a citizen to travel within a state, and to leave and return to that state.
Coordinate terms: freedom of contract
freedom of speech
freedom of the press
freedom of religion
freedom of assembly
right to keep and bear arms
Abe
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /eɪb/
rhymes: -eɪb
Etymology: Shortened from Abraham. In the slang sense for money, refers to the picture of Abraham Lincoln on the currency.
Senses: glosses: A diminutive of the male given name Abraham, from Hebrew.
Derived terms: Abe Lincoln
Abenomics
Abey
Abie
Abe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /eɪb/
rhymes: -eɪb
Forms: form: Abes
Etymology: Shortened from Abraham. In the slang sense for money, refers to the picture of Abraham Lincoln on the currency.
Senses: examples: text: "Gambling's not my form of masochism," said Carl. "Huh?" "So how much?" "The wad's mostly ones. Some Jeffersons. Two or three Abes."
ref: 1996, J. Madison Davis, And the Angels Sing, page 210:
synonyms: Abe Lincoln
Lincoln
glosses: A five-dollar bill.
Abe
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /eɪb/
rhymes: -eɪb
ipa: /ˈɑːbeɪ/
ipa: /eɪb/
rhymes: -eɪb
Forms: form: Abes
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 阿部 (Abe), Japanese 安部 (Abe) or Japanese 安倍 (Abe).
Senses: glosses: A surname from Japanese.
delight
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dəˈlaɪt/
ipa: /dɪˈlaɪt/
rhymes: -aɪt
Forms: form: delights
form: delighting
form: delighted
form: delighted
Etymology: Attested from the 13th century, from Middle English delite, from Old French deleiter, deliter, from Latin dēlectāre (“to delight, please”), frequentative of dēlicere (“to allure, entice”), from dē- (“away”) + laciō (“I lure, I deceive”), from Proto-Italic *lakjō (“to draw, pull”), of unknown ultimate origin. Doublet of delect. Related with delectation, delicate, delicious and dilettante. The modern unetymological spelling (instead of expected delite) is influenced by light and other words ending in -ight, such as might, bright, etc. The -gh- may also be an attempt to represent the Latin -c-; compare obsolete indight for indict.
Senses: examples: text: Delight our souls with talk of knightly deeds.
ref: 1842, Tennyson, Le Morte d’Arthur:
text: A beautiful landscape delights the eye.
synonyms: word: cheer up
word: perk up
word: beatify
word: begladden
word: blissen
word: bright
word: cheer
word: cheer up
word: content
word: delight
word: elate
word: enbliss
word: exhilarate
word: fain
word: gay
word: gladden
word: gladden someone's heart
word: gratify
word: happify
word: happy
word: hearten
word: jollify
word: laetificate
word: light up
word: make someone's day
word: perk up
word: please
word: raise someone's spirits
word: rejoice
word: turn the frown upside down
word: upcheer
word: warm someone's heart
word: warm the cockles of someone's heart
glosses: To give delight to; to affect with great pleasure; to please highly.
examples: text: A ſclaunderous tunge, a tunge of a ſkolde,
Worketh more miſchiefe than can be tolde;
That, if I wiſt not to be controlde,
Yet ſomwhat to ſay I dare well be bolde,
ref: c. 1515–1516, published 1568, John Skelton, Againſt venemous tongues enpoyſoned with ſclaunder and falſe detractions &c.
roman: How ſome delite for to lye, thycke and threfolde.
text: For I have loved you well and long, / Delighting in your company.
ref: 1580, Greensleeves:
text: He was an eisteddfodwr and delighted to hear good singing, whether it was in the sanctuary or at the eisteddfodic gatherings.
ref: 1908, T.J. Griffths, The Cambrian, volume 28, page 504:
synonyms: blithen
happy
glosses: To have or take great pleasure.
Derived terms: delighter
delight in
delightingly
duping delight
undelighting
Related terms: delicacy
delicate
delicatessen
delicious
wry
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹaɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
homophone: rye
Forms: form: wrier
form: wryer
form: wriest
form: wryest
Etymology: From Middle English wrien, from Old English wrīġian (“to go, turn, twist, bend, strive, struggle, press forward, endeavor, venture”), from Proto-Germanic *wrigōną (“to wriggle”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to turn, wrap, tie”), from *wer- (“to turn, bend”). Compare awry, wriggle.
Senses: examples: text: '"Why, you snivelling, wry-faced, puny villain," gasped old Lobbs.
ref: 1836 March – 1837 October, Charles Dickens, chapter 17, in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1837, →OCLC:
text: “Humph! Had to,” said Pep with a wry grimace.
ref: 1913, Victor Appleton, “chapter 11”, in The Motion Picture Chums at Seaside Park:
glosses: Turned away, contorted (of the face or body).
examples: text: "[T]he master says a wry word now and then; and so ye let your spirits go down, don't ye see, and all sorts o' fancies comes into your head."
ref: 1871, Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, “chapter 6”, in The Haunted Baronet:
glosses: Dryly humorous; sardonic or bitterly ironic.
glosses: Twisted, bent, crooked.
examples: text: Catherine hath made a wry stitch in her broidery, when she was thinking of something else than her work.
ref: 1820, [Walter Scott], chapter XXXIV, in The Abbot. […], volume III, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC, page 218:
text: . . . the wry rigour of our neighbours, who never take up an old idea without some extravagance in its application.
ref: 1876, Walter Savage Landor, The Works and Life of Walter Savage Landor, volume IV, Imaginary Conversations, Third Series: Dialogues of Literary Men, ch. 6—Milton and Andrew Marvel, page 155 (Google preview)
glosses: Deviating from the right direction; misdirected; out of place.
Derived terms: awry
wry-billed plover
wryly
go awry
wry
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹaɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
homophone: rye
Forms: form: wries
form: wrying
form: wried
form: wried
Etymology: From Middle English wrien, from Old English wrīġian (“to go, turn, twist, bend, strive, struggle, press forward, endeavor, venture”), from Proto-Germanic *wrigōną (“to wriggle”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to turn, wrap, tie”), from *wer- (“to turn, bend”). Compare awry, wriggle.
Senses: examples: text: God pricketh them of his great goodness still. And the grief of this great pang pincheth them at the heart, and of wickedness they wry away.
ref: 1535, Thomas More, chapter 18, in Dialogue of Comfort Against Tribulation:
text: You married ones,
If each of you should take this course, how many
Must murder wives much better than themselves
For wrying but a little!
ref: 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
glosses: To turn (away); to swerve or deviate.
glosses: To divert; to cause to turn away.
glosses: To twist or contort (the body, face, etc.).
wry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹaɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
homophone: rye
Etymology: From Middle English wrien, from Old English wrīġian (“to go, turn, twist, bend, strive, struggle, press forward, endeavor, venture”), from Proto-Germanic *wrigōną (“to wriggle”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to turn, wrap, tie”), from *wer- (“to turn, bend”). Compare awry, wriggle.
Senses: glosses: Distortion.
wry
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹaɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
homophone: rye
Forms: form: wries
form: wrying
form: wried
form: wried
Etymology: From Middle English wryen, wrien, wreon, wrihen, from Old English wrēon (“to cover, clothe, envelop”), from Proto-West Germanic *wrīhan, from Proto-Germanic *wrīhaną (“to wrap, cover”), from Proto-Indo-European *wreyḱ- (“to turn, wrap, tie”), from *wer- (“to turn, bend”).
Senses: glosses: To cover; clothe; cover up; cloak; hide.
Asterix
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From French Astérix, from astérisque (“asterisk”) modified in imitation of the numerous Gaulish names ending in *rīx (“king”).
Senses: glosses: A series of French comic books written by René Goscinny and illustrated by Albert Uderzo about an Ancient Gaul named Asterix.
glosses: The fictional Ancient Gaulish man who is the protagonist and title character of the series.
Related terms: asterisk
cinch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪntʃ/
rhymes: -ɪntʃ
Forms: form: cinches
Etymology: Borrowed from Occitan cencha, from Latin cincta, or from Spanish cincha (“a belt or girth”), from Late Latin cingula, from Latin cingulum. Doublet of cingle.
Senses: examples: text: He found Andy morosely replacing some broken strands in his cinch, and he went straight at the mooted question.
ref: 1915, B. M. Bower, The Flying U's Last Stand:
glosses: A simple saddle girth used in Mexico.
examples: text: We thought we had a cinch on getting out by way of this cord and so we followed that.
ref: 1913, Major Archibald Lee Fletcher, Boy Scouts in the Coal Caverns:
text: The job was a snap. I travelled the country averaging a thousand miles a week and, since the previous incumbent had been a lazy bugger, managed to treble the business. It was a cinch.
ref: 2003, Clive Selwood, All the Moves (but None of the Licks), page 33:
glosses: Something that is very easy to do.
examples: text: As a matter of fact, from the look of Elmer's shoulder, it wasn't a cinch that he would ever pitch again.
ref: 1916 March 11, Charles E. Van Loan, “His Folks”, in Saturday Evening Post:
glosses: Something that is obvious or certain to occur; a sure thing.
examples: text: You've got the cinch on him. You could send him to quod, and I'd send him there as quick as lightning. I'd hang him, if I could, for what he done to Lil Sarnia.
ref: 1916, Gilbert Parker, The World For Sale,:
glosses: A firm hold.
Synonyms: sense: something that is very easy to do
word: piece of cake
word: breeze
sense: something certain to occur
word: sure thing
Derived terms: Hungarian cinch
lead-pipe cinch
cinch
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪntʃ/
rhymes: -ɪntʃ
Forms: form: cinches
form: cinching
form: cinched
form: cinched
Etymology: Borrowed from Occitan cencha, from Latin cincta, or from Spanish cincha (“a belt or girth”), from Late Latin cingula, from Latin cingulum. Doublet of cingle.
Senses: glosses: To bring to certain conclusion.
examples: text: [Ostriches] also lack the tiny hooks, or barbicels, that cinch feathers together in most other birds.
ref: 2020 August 4, Richard Conniff, “They may look goofy, but ostriches are nobody’s fool”, in National Geographic Magazine:
glosses: To tighten down.
Derived terms: cinchable
cincher
cinchy
uncinch
cinch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪntʃ/
rhymes: -ɪntʃ
Forms: form: cinches
Etymology: Compare senses at etymology 1 (a girth, a tight grip), perhaps suggesting the tactics used in the game; or perhaps from Spanish cinco (“five”), the five spots of the colour of the trump being important cards.
Senses: topics: card-games
games
glosses: A variety of auction pitch in which a draw to improve the hand is added, and the five of trumps (called "right Pedro") and the five of the same colour (called "left Pedro", and ranking between the five and the four of trumps) are each worth five. Fifty-one points make a game.
Synonyms: double Pedro
high five
cinch
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪntʃ/
rhymes: -ɪntʃ
Forms: form: cinches
form: cinching
form: cinched
form: cinched
Etymology: Compare senses at etymology 1 (a girth, a tight grip), perhaps suggesting the tactics used in the game; or perhaps from Spanish cinco (“five”), the five spots of the colour of the trump being important cards.
Senses: topics: card-games
games
glosses: In the game of cinch, to protect (a trick) by playing a higher trump than the five.
cinch
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪntʃ/
rhymes: -ɪntʃ
Etymology: Uncertain; perhaps from Cinch Connectors, a Chicago-based company producing connectors.
Senses: topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
technology
glosses: An RCA connector.
anhedonia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌan.hɪˈdəʊ.nɪə/
ipa: /ˌæn.hiˈdoʊ.ni.ə/
Forms: form: anhedonias
Etymology: From French anhédonie (coined by Ribot, 1896), from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-) + ἡδονή (hēdonḗ, “pleasure”).
Senses: examples: text: Prolonged seasickness will in most persons produce a temporary condition of anhedonia. Every good, terrestrial or celestial, is imagined only to be turned from with disgust.
ref: 1902, William James, The Varieties of Religious Experience: A Study in Human Nature […] , New York, N.Y.; London: Longmans, Green, and Co. […], →OCLC, page 146:
text: Rather, Meehl suggests that anhedonia is a manifestation of the mixed signals to which the preschizophrenic individual is subjected because of the neurointegrative deficit.
ref: 2012, R. R. J. Lewine, “Anhedonia and the Amotivational State of Schizophrenia”, in Andreas Marneros, Nancy C. Andreasen, Ming T. Tsuang, editors, Negative Versus Positive Schizophrenia, Springer, page 82:
text: Secondly, the distinction between consummatory and anticipatory anhedonia [21] is not taken into account although these two anhedonias could play different role in the risk of suicide.
ref: 2014, Gwenolé Loas, 11: Anhedonia and Risk of Suicide: An Overview, Michael S. Ritsner (editor), Anhedonia: A Comprehensive Handbook, Volume II, Springer, page 251
text: Anhedonia is the reduced ability to experience pleasure from activities that were previously found to be enjoyable. Anhedonia can induce diminished motivation to engage in a potentially pleasurable activity (anticipatory anhedonia) and loss of the enjoyment experienced from the action itself (consummatory anhedonia).
ref: 2020, Erin Trifilio, John B. Williamson, Kenneth M. Heilman, “Chapter 9: Changes in Emotions and Mood with Aging”, in Kenneth M. Heilman, Stephen E. Nadeau, editors, Cognitive Changes of the Aging Brain, Cambridge University Press, page 133:
topics: human-sciences
medicine
psychiatry
psychology
sciences
glosses: The inability to feel pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable, such as exercise, hobbies, music, sexual activities or social interactions.
Derived terms: anhedonic
anhedonism
anticipatory anhedonia
consummatory anhedonia
alternatively
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɒlˈtɜː(ɹ).nə.tɪv.li/
ipa: /ɔlˈtɝ.nə.tɪv.li/
ipa: /ɑlˈtɝ.nə.tɪv.li/
Etymology: From alternative + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Observers should keep in mind that these efforts at living alternatively are not easily undertaken; indeed, if they were, more people would be doing what they do.
ref: 1998, Marie D. Hoff (editor), Sustainable Community Development, page 99:
text: Thus, we are creating a new class struggle between those who live within the social system and those who are marginalized or wish to live alternatively.
ref: 2001, Hans-Peter Martin, Is Globalization a Trap?, published in Keys to the 21st Century (edited by Jérôme Bindé) on page 350
text: Devising obviously asks for what we understand as general creativity, like the ability to take an initiative, to invent, to think alternatively, to associate interestingly, to create metaphors and images.
ref: 2003, Torunn Kjølner and Janek Szatkowski, Dramaturgy in Building Multimedia Performances, published in Production methods: behind the scenes of virtual inhabited 3D worlds: Volume 1 (edited by Kim Halskov Madsen), on page 127
text: Most people living alternatively have strong pro-environmental values and, unlike many 'greens' in mainstream society, are generally able to apply their values in day-to-day life.
ref: 2005, Graham Meltzer, Sustainable Community: Learning from the Cohousing Model, page 3:
glosses: in an alternative way
glosses: Used to link a pair of opposing possibilities.
hazard
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhæzəd/
ipa: /ˈhæzɚd/
ipa: /ˈhæzəd/
ipa: /ˈhɛzəd/
Forms: form: hazards
form: hazarding
form: hazarded
form: hazarded
Etymology: From Middle English hasard, from Old French hasart (“a game of dice”) (noun), hasarder (verb), from Arabic اَلزَّهْر (az-zahr, “the dice”). Compare Spanish azar, Portuguese azar.
Senses: examples: text: to be consistent, you ought to be a Chriſtian in temper and practice; for you hazard nothing by a course of evangelical obedience
ref: a. 1676, John Clarke, Excuses of the Irreligious:
text: He hazards his neck to the halter.
ref: 1642, Thomas Fuller, The Holy State, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Roger Daniel for John Williams, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To expose to chance; to take a risk.
examples: text: I'll hazard a guess.
text: I hazarded the loss of whom I loved.
ref: c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
text: They hazard to cut their feet.
ref: 1824, Walter Savage Landor, “Lord Chesterfield and Lord Chatham”, in Imaginary Conversations of Literary Men and Statesmen, volume II, London: […] Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To risk (something); to venture, incur, or bring on.
Derived terms: hazard a guess
unhazarding
peril
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɛɹɪl/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /ˈpɛɹəl/
rhymes: -ɛɹɪl
rhymes: -ɛɹəl
Forms: form: perils
Etymology: From Middle English peril, from Old French peril, from Latin perīculum. Doublet of periculum.
Senses: examples: text: Your life is in peril.
glosses: A situation of serious and immediate danger.
examples: text: the perils of the jungle (animals and insects, weather, etc.)
glosses: Something that causes, contains, or presents danger.
topics: business
insurance
glosses: An event which causes a loss, or the risk of a specific such event.
Synonyms: danger
hazard
jeopardy
risk
threat
Derived terms: at one's peril
green peril
imperil
multiperil
perilless
peril point
perilsome
yellow peril
Related terms: imperil
perilous
peril
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɛɹɪl/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /ˈpɛɹəl/
rhymes: -ɛɹɪl
rhymes: -ɛɹəl
Forms: form: perils
form: periling
form: perilling
form: periled
form: periled
form: perilled
form: perilled
Etymology: From Middle English peril, from Old French peril, from Latin perīculum. Doublet of periculum.
Senses: examples: text: And are we, Mr. President, who stood by our country then, who threw open our coffers, who bared our bosoms, who freely perilled all in that conflict, to be reproached with want of attachment to the Union?
ref: 1830, Robert Hayne, Speech in the United States Senate
text: "I will have nothing to do with this matter, whatever it is. Do you think I am going to peril my reputation for you?"
ref: 1891, Oscar Wilde, chapter XIV, in The Picture of Dorian Gray, London; New York, N.Y.; Melbourne, Vic.: Ward Lock & Co., →OCLC:
glosses: To cause to be in danger; to imperil; to risk.
Yup'ik
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːpɪk/
rhymes: -uːpɪk
Forms: form: Yup'iks
form: Yup'ik
form: Yupik
form: Yu'pik
Etymology: Borrowed from Yup'ik Yup'ik (“real person”), from Proto-Eskimo *iŋuɣpiɣ, from *iŋuɣ (“human, person”).
Senses: topics: anthropology
ethnology
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: A member of an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska.
Synonyms: Central Alaskan Yupik
Central Yupik
West Alaska Eskimo
Yup'ik
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːpɪk/
rhymes: -uːpɪk
Forms: form: Yupik
form: Yu'pik
Etymology: Borrowed from Yup'ik Yup'ik (“real person”), from Proto-Eskimo *iŋuɣpiɣ, from *iŋuɣ (“human, person”).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A language of the Eskimo-Aleut family.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A subbranch of the Eskimo-Aleut family of languages. This is the only language family known to straddle both North America and Asia. It is centered squarely in Alaska and is thought to have migrated across to Siberia a few hundred years ago.
Hyponyms: Alutiiq
Central Siberian Yupik
Naukanski
Related terms: Wiktionary’s coverage of Yup'ik terms
Cocoliche
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: cocoliche
Senses: examples: text: Indeed, cocoliche might in some respects be seen as another example of dialectal influence upon Italian – except that in this case the ‘dialect’ is another Romance ‘language’, and not an Italo-Romance variety.
ref: 1995, Martin Maiden, A Linguistic History of Italian, Longman, published 2003, page 269:
glosses: A pidgin or language continuum formed from Italian and Spanish, spoken in parts of the River Plate region of South America in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
corgi
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɔːɡi/
ipa: /ˈkɔɹɡi/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)ɡi
ipa: /ˈkɔːɡuːn/
ipa: /ˈkɔɹɡun/
Forms: form: corgis
form: corgies
form: corgwn
form: corgy
Etymology: PIE word
 *ḱwṓ
Borrowed from Welsh corgi, a compound of cor (“dwarf”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”)) + gi (the soft mutation of ci (“dog”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”), perhaps from *peḱ- (“livestock; wealth”)). The rare plural form corgwn is borrowed from Welsh corgwn.
Senses: examples: text: By this time the Pembrokeshire—the short-tailed corgwn—were increasing in popularity very rapidly. The Cardiganshire variety lagged behind their more numerous cousins, but, even so, almost all the larger shows of this country had classes […]
ref: 1966 July 14, S. M. Lampson, “Sturdy Farm Dogs from Wales”, in John Adams, editor, Country Life, volume 140, London: George Newnes […], →OCLC, page 69:
text: [W]hich news item do we have to worry about and have a view on? Not, presumably, the fact that the Queen is going cool on corgies; probably not how space exploration is getting on; townies can maybe skip the fates of either cows or badgers.
ref: 2015 July 27, Katharine Whitehorn, “Need we follow all the news?”, in The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 09 Mar 2016:
text: While larger, longer corgwn with tails were found in the lowland and hill farms of central and northern Cardiganshire, in the south a shorter, lighter corgi was more common.
ref: 2016, Janet Vorwald Dohner, “Herding Dogs”, in Deborah Burns, Lisa H. Hiley, editors, Farm Dogs: A Comprehensive Breed Guide to 93 Guardians, Herders, Terriers, and Other Canine Working Partners, North Adams, Mass.: Storey Publishing, →ISBN, page 200, column 1:
text: Participating pooches must be between 12-20 weeks old at the time of taping. This year, two labradoodles, a pomsky and a corgi are among members the Central Florida contingent.
ref: 2023 January 27, Patrick Connolly, “Meet the Orlando rescue dogs playing in Puppy Bowl XIX”, in Orlando Sentinel:
glosses: Ellipsis of Welsh corgi (“a type of herding dog originating from Wales, having a small body, short legs, and fox-like features such as large ears; two separate breeds are recognized: the Cardigan Welsh Corgi and the Pembroke Welsh Corgi”).
Hyponyms: Cardigan Welsh corgi
Pembroke Welsh corgi
Derived terms: borgi
dorgi
Horgi
Siborgi
doggone
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: dŏgŏn
ipa: /ˈdɒɡ.ɒn/
enpr: dägän
ipa: /ˈdɑɡ.ɑn/
Forms: form: doggonest
form: daggone
form: doggoned
Etymology: Minced oath of goddamn or goddamned.
Senses: examples: text: I lost my doggone keys again!
text: "Hist!" exclaimed Black George. "I'll be dog-gone ef [if] I don't think we're chawed [chewed] up this time, sure as sin!"
ref: 1849, Emerson Bennett, Leni-Leoti; or, Adventures in the Far West:
glosses: Euphemistic form of goddamned.
doggone
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: enpr: dŏgŏn
ipa: /ˈdɒɡ.ɒn/
enpr: dägän
ipa: /ˈdɑɡ.ɑn/
Forms: form: daggone
form: doggoned
Etymology: Minced oath of goddamn or goddamned.
Senses: examples: text: Doggone! I lost my keys again.
glosses: Euphemistic form of goddamned, an expression of anger or annoyance.
doggone
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: dŏgŏn
ipa: /ˈdɒɡ.ɒn/
enpr: dägän
ipa: /ˈdɑɡ.ɑn/
Forms: form: doggones
form: doggoning
form: doggoned
form: doggoned
form: daggone
form: doggoned
Etymology: Minced oath of goddamn or goddamned.
Senses: examples: text: […] doggoning something or other with deep sincerity.
ref: 1915, The Scoop, volume 4, page 247:
glosses: To damn; to curse.
Related terms: dangnabbit
damn
daggum
dang
darn
dagnabbit
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: /ˌdæɡˈnæbɪt/
Forms: form: dagnabit
form: dagnammit
form: dangnabbit
Etymology: Probably altered from goddammit.
Senses: examples: text: Dagnabbit! I lost my keys again.
qualifier: minced oath
glosses: goddamnit
wikipedia: Atlas Obscura
Related terms: doggone
dadgum
damn
compulsive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/
Forms: form: more compulsive
form: most compulsive
Etymology: Borrowed from French compulsif, formed from Latin compulsus, past participle of compellere (“to compel”), from com- (“together”) + pellere (“to drive”).
Senses: examples: text: Jenny is a compulsive liar—don't believe a thing she says.
text: Under this Act, the term "disability" shall not include—...(2) compulsive gambling, kleptomania, or pyromania; or[…]
ref: 1990, Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990:
text: Call it impulsive, call it compulsive, call it insane / But when I'm surrounded I just can't stop
ref: 1992, “Brian Wilson”, performed by Barenaked Ladies:
glosses: Uncontrolled or reactive and irresistible.
examples: text: Religion is […] inconsistent with all compulsive Motives.
ref: a. 1729, Samuel Clarke, The Doctrines of Religion reasonable to be believed:
glosses: Having power to compel; exercising or applying compulsion.
Derived terms: anticompulsive
clothing compulsive
compulsive behaviour
compulsive decluttering
compulsive hoarder
compulsive hoarding
compulsively
compulsiveness
compulsive streak
compulsivity
noncompulsive
obsessive-compulsive
uncompulsive
Related terms: compel
compulsion
compulsory
compulsive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/
Forms: form: compulsives
Etymology: Borrowed from French compulsif, formed from Latin compulsus, past participle of compellere (“to compel”), from com- (“together”) + pellere (“to drive”).
Senses: glosses: One who exhibits compulsive behaviours.
cavil
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæv.əl/
ipa: /ˈkæv.ɪl/
rhymes: -ævəl
Forms: form: cavils
form: caviling
form: cavilling
form: caviled
form: caviled
form: cavilled
form: cavilled
form: cavel
form: cavell
Etymology: From Old French caviller (“mock, jest, rail”), from Latin cavillor (“jeer, mock, satirise, reason captiously”), from cavilla (“jeering, raillery, scoffing”); cognate with Italian cavillare, Portuguese cavillar, and Spanish cavilar; nominal usage developed within English from the original verbal usage.
Senses: examples: text: 'Tis love you cavil at: I am not Love.
ref: c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:
text: Stranleigh found no difficulty in getting a cavalcade together at Bleacher’s station, an amazingly long distance west of New York. A man finds little trouble in obtaining what he wants, if he never cavils at the price asked, and is willing to pay in advance.
ref: 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 5, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
text: I wish you wouldn't cavil, Hilda.
ref: 1928, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 16, in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, Gutenberg edition, [Florence, Italy]: [ […] Tipografia Giuntina, […]], →OCLC; republished as Lady Chatterley’s Lover (eBook no. 0100181h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, August 2011, archived from the original on 11 Nov 2020:
text: At the Centenary Banquet of the G.W.R. [Great Western Railway] in 1935, the then Prince of Wales (afterwards King Edward VIII) honoured that railway with the title "The Royal Road," at which few will cavil in view of the long record of Royal Specials.
ref: 1954 June, Charles E. Lee, “Centenary of Paddington Station”, in Railway Magazine, page 425:
text: But their first supporting quotation, which is from The Selfish Gene, includes selfish genes that do have phenotypic effects. Far it be from me, however, to cavil at the honour of being quoted in the Oxford English Dictionary!
ref: 1976, Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, Kindle edition, OUP Oxford, published 2016, page 368:
synonyms: be hypercritical
nitpick
pettifog
split hairs
glosses: To criticise for petty or frivolous reasons.
Derived terms: caviler
cavillation
cavil
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæv.əl/
ipa: /ˈkæv.ɪl/
rhymes: -ævəl
Forms: form: cavils
form: cavel
form: cavell
Etymology: From Old French caviller (“mock, jest, rail”), from Latin cavillor (“jeer, mock, satirise, reason captiously”), from cavilla (“jeering, raillery, scoffing”); cognate with Italian cavillare, Portuguese cavillar, and Spanish cavilar; nominal usage developed within English from the original verbal usage.
Senses: examples: text: It is not worth while to spend your time in arguing against a cavil, but make him feel he is committing a sin to plead it, and thus enlist his conscience on your side.
ref: 1835, Charles G. Finney, Lectures on revivals of religion:
glosses: A petty or trivial objection or criticism.
antonymic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more antonymic
form: most antonymic
Etymology: From antonym + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: Similarly, antonymic relationships vary by sense.
ref: 2003, M. Lynne Murphy, Semantic Relations and the Lexicon: Antonymy, Synonymy and Other Paradigms, page 30:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
semantics
synonyms: antonymous
antonyms: synonymic
synonymous
hypernyms: nonsynonymous
coordinate_terms: coordinate
cohyponymous
;
parasynonymous
plesionymic
plesionymous
;
antiphrastic
glosses: Of, relating to, or being an antonym or antonyms.
spud
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /spʌd/
enpr: spŭd
rhymes: -ʌd
Forms: form: spuds
form: spudding
form: spudded
form: spudded
Etymology: From Middle English spudde (“small knife”). Origin unknown; probably related to Danish spyd, Old Norse spjót (“spear”), German Spieß (“spear; spike; skewer”). Compare English spit (“sharp, pointed rod”). The use of the term for a potato perhaps first appeared in New Zealand and Australian dialect and slang.
Senses: examples: text: There was thistle-spudding all over the Marsh; an army of thistles, an army of spudders.
ref: 1936, Radclyffe Hall, The Sixth Beatitude:
glosses: To dig up weeds with a spud.
examples: text: A rope called the jerk line is attached to the wrist pin of the band-wheel crank, brought inside the derrick, and attached to the part of the drilling cable which extends from the crown pulley to the bull-wheel shaft by a curved metal slide called a spudding shoe. (See fig. 8.)
ref: 1911, Isaiah Bowman, United States Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 257: Well-Drilling Methods, page 46:
text: When a well is spudded, the drilling assembly is loosely tied to the guide wires with 1/2″ manila rope.
ref: 1999, Steve Devereux, Drilling for Oil & Gas: A Nontechnical Guide, page 86:
text: Spudding is the process of lifting and dropping the pile constantly until the obstruction is broken into pieces. Obviously, spudding cannot be done with lighter piles (timber or pipe piles). Concrete piles and steel H-piles are good candidates for spudding.
ref: 2008, Ruwan Rajapakse, Pile Design and Construction Rules of Thumb, page 367:
text: Prepayments of drilling expenses are deductible by tax-shelter investors only if the well is “spudded” within 90 days after the close of the taxable year in which the prepayment was made, and the deduction is limited to the original amount of the investment.
ref: 2008, J. K. Lasser, J.K. Lasser′s Your Income Tax: 2009, Professional, Edition, page 238:
qualifier: drilling
glosses: To begin drilling an oil well; to drill by moving the drill bit and shaft up and down, or by raising and dropping a bit.
topics: business
construction
manufacturing
roofing
glosses: To remove the roofing aggregate and most of the bituminous top coating by scraping and chipping.
qualifier: camping
glosses: To set up a recreational vehicle (RV) at a campsite, typically by leveling the RV and connecting it to electric, water, and/or sewer hookups.
Derived terms: spudder
spudding shoe
Related terms: word: spudding
spud
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /spʌd/
enpr: spŭd
rhymes: -ʌd
Etymology: From Middle English spudde (“small knife”). Origin unknown; probably related to Danish spyd, Old Norse spjót (“spear”), German Spieß (“spear; spike; skewer”). Compare English spit (“sharp, pointed rod”). The use of the term for a potato perhaps first appeared in New Zealand and Australian dialect and slang.
Senses: glosses: A game for three or more players, involving the gradual elimination of players by throwing and catching a ball.