cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Mianyang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: myěnʹyängʹ
Forms: form: Mienyang
form: Mien-yang
Etymology: From Mandarin 沔陽／沔阳 (Miǎnyáng).
Senses: examples: text: In particular, the communist wind of ‘one, equalization, two, transfer” (yiping erdiao) continued to blow in many areas, and land set aside for peasant cultivation (ziliudi) was still being made collective. One outstanding example of such abuses was Tonghaikou commune in Hubei’s Mianyang county: 41 county-level organizations and 25 commune-level enterprises made outright requisitions from production brigades and teams, which in turn preyed on peasants, taking property ranging from land and houses to sickles and chopsticks.
ref: 1996, Dali L. Yang, “Rural Liberalization”, in Calamity and Reform in China: State, Rural Society, and Institutional Change Since the Great Leap Forward, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 74:
glosses: A county of Hubei, China; present-day Xiantao.
Neijiang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Nei-chiang
form: Neikiang
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 內江 /内江 (Nèijiāng).
Senses: examples: text: Governor Lai left today for Neichiang, which is west of Chungking and is about midway between the city and Chengtu where General Yang establishes his headquarters and stations a large portion of his troops. With the Civil Governor and General Teng moving to Neichiang, it is certian^([sic – meaning certain]) that fighting will break out in that section of the province.
ref: [1925 April 25, “Szechwan's Controversy Over Salt Revenue”, in The China Weekly Review, volume XXXII, number 8, sourced from Independent Herald (Hankow), →OCLC, page 232, column 2:
text: Duan Fang took with him a contingent of the new army of Hubei, but they had established connections with members of the Revolutionary League at Wanxian and Neijiang, staged an uprising at Zizhou and killed Duan Fang. Following this, members of the Revolutionary League staged an uprising at Neijiang and other counties. By this time a part of the new army of Sichuan had also launched an uprising in the vicinity of Chengdu and had begun to march to Chongqing.
ref: 1981, Yuzhang Wu, Recollections of the Revolution of 1911: A Great Democratic Revolution of China, Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific, published 2001, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 25–26:
text: As of Saturday, 58 people were suspected to have the disease in the neighboring cities of Ziyang and Neijiang, the Sichuan health department said in a statement.
ref: 2005 July 26, “New disease is not SARS, China says”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 30 Aug 2023, Health:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
wikipedia: Frederick A. Praeger
Luzhou
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 潞州.
Senses: glosses: A district of Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
Luzhou
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Lu-chou
form: Luchow
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 瀘州 /泸州 (Lúzhōu).
Senses: examples: text: Luzhou 泸州
Luzhou, 143 kilometers east of Yibin, sits at the confluence of the Yangzi and the Tuo Jiang rivers. The main attraction in Lushan is Yunfeng Si (Cloud Peak Temple), (云峰寺) which is said to be large and beautiful. Luzhou is accessible by bus from Yibin and by boat from both Yibin and Chongqing.
ref: 1988, K. Mark Stevens, George E. Wehrfritz, edited by Paddy Booz, Southwest China: Off the Beaten Track, Passport Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 201:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
Leshan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: -æn
Forms: form: Le-shan
Etymology: From Mandarin 樂山／乐山 (Lèshān).
Senses: examples: text: Actually we would spend the first year or so in the smaller town of Leshan, a hundred miles south of Chengtu, learning the Szechuan dialect and the culture of the local people.
ref: 2001, Richard Webster, Seize the Baton, Pasadena, CA: William Carey Publishers, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 15:
text: The outbreak, found in Leshan, Sichuan province, on a truck transporting 111 pigs from other provinces, has killed 7 of the herd, according to a statement published on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.
ref: 2020 March 12, “China finds new African swine fever case in pigs transported to Sichuan province”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 15 May 2022, Health:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
Guangyuan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: gwängʹyüanʹ
Forms: form: Kuang-yüan
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 廣元 /广元 (Guǎngyuán).
Senses: examples: text: The People’s Republic began its campaign to separate the Chinese church from Rome on November 30, 1950. The national Catholic Three Self Movement started in Kuangyuan, a town of northern Szechwan.
ref: [1980, Eric O. Hanson, “Confrontation at the National Level: Relations between the People's Republic of China and the Catholic Church, 1949-1962”, in Catholic Politics in China and Korea (American Society of Missiology Series), Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 66:
text: China’s main complex for making nuclear warhead fuel, codenamed Plant 821, is beside a river in a hilly, forested part of the earthquake zone. It is some 15 miles northwest of Guangyuan in Sichuan Province.
ref: 2008 May 16, William J. Broad, “Western Experts Monitor China’s Nuclear Sites for Signs of Earthquake Damage”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 11 Dec 2008, Asia Pacific:
text: State television quoted an earthquake relief official in the city of Guangyuan, north of the provincial capital Chengdu, as saying the aftershock caused at least one death and 262 injuries in that city.
The official, Wang Fei, also said several thousand homes in Guangyuan were believed destroyed by the aftershock, but he noted that many were already badly damaged.
ref: 2008 May 25, “Deadly aftershock jolts China”, in France 24, archived from the original on 24 May 2024:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
hydrovascular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hydro- + vascular.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Describing the hydraulic transport system used by echinoderms
Guang'an
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: gwängʹänʹ
Forms: form: Kuang-an
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 廣安 /广安 (Guǎng'ān).
Senses: examples: text: A native of Kuangan, Szechwan, Yang Sen was born into a scholarly family of landowners.
ref: [1971, “Yang Sen [楊森]”, in Biographical Dictionary of Republican China, volume IV, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 7, column 2:
english: 楊森
translation: 楊森
text: TENG HSIAO-PING was born in Hsieh-hsing village, Kuang-an county, some 100 km. from Chungking, Szechwan province in 1904.
ref: [1978, Chi Hsin (research group), Teng Hsiao-ping: A Political Biography, Hong Kong: Cosmos Books, →OCLC, page 3:
text: They lived in Paifang, a village a few miles from Guang'an, a county town - seat of an imperial magistrate - in the eastern part of the province.
ref: 1993, Richard Evans, “Farmer's Son, 1904-20”, in Deng Xiaoping and the Making of Modern China, Viking Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 1:
text: At the time, a report from Xinhua, the official press agency, confirmed that a dispute over medical fees had arisen at the hospital in Guangan city in Sichuan Province.[…]
The authorities in Guangan said that the boy had died of poisoning after drinking pesticide and not because of a lack of treatment.
ref: [2007 August 13, “China sentences 11 who protested boy's death at hospital”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 16 Mar 2023, Asia Pacific:
text: Guangan city, also in Sichuan, faced the most severe floods since 1847, the official Xinhua agency said.
ref: [2010 July 20, “China floods claim more lives”, in Emma Graham-Harrison, Alex Richardson, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 29 May 2022, World News:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
Deyang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: dǔʹyängʹ
Forms: form: Te-yang
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 德陽 /德阳 (Déyáng).
Senses: examples: text: The lawsuit was filed on Dec. 1 in a court here in the city of Deyang, in Sichuan Province, the region hit hardest by the May 12 earthquake, which left 88,000 people dead or missing.
ref: 2008 December 22, Edward Wong, “Parents of Schoolchildren Killed in China Quake Confirm Lawsuit”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 17 Nov 2013, Asia Pacific:
text: Three employees of China National Erzhong Group Co. in the southwestern city of Deyang said workers started taking to the streets Monday with banners protesting against corrupt and incompetent managers. They blamed management for Erzhong’s losses and poor treatment of employees.
ref: 2015 May 13, Didi Tang, “Chinese workers at state-owned machinery plant protest”, in AP News, archived from the original on 08 Jun 2022:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
Dazhou
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /(ˈ)dɑ(ˈ)d͡ʒoʊ/
enpr: däʹjōʹ
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 達州／达州 (Dázhōu).
Senses: examples: text: In the direction of Shaanxi, a high-grade road will be built between Sichuan's Dazhou City and Wanyuan City (close to Shaanxi).
ref: 2001, 邓天梅 [Deng Tianmei], 四川 [Sìchuān, Sichuan] (中国西部开发丛书 [Introduction to West China Series]), Beijing: China Intercontinental Press (五洲传播出版社), →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 132:
english: Introduction to West China Series
roman: Sìchuān
translation: Introduction to West China Series
text: Dazhou, Sichuan, has for years been showing the stress of popular anger against its mining industries, prostitu- tion rings, drug problems and a poorly managed outbreak of avian flu.
ref: 2010, Pamela Kyle Crossley, The Wobbling Pivot, China Since 1800: An Interpretive History, Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 4:
text: A passenger bus collided with a truck and plunged into a riverbed in southwest China, killing 16 people including 11 students, authorities said.
The accident happened on Sunday afternoon in a village in Dazhou city in Sichuan province.
ref: 2013 September 15, “China road accident kills 16 including 11 students”, in AP News, archived from the original on 09 Jun 2022:
text: Dazhou, a city in southwestern Sichuan Province, received close to 100 filings for divorce in less than three weeks, an official who handled divorce filings said in a video interview, adding that there was a large backlog of cases.
ref: 2020 March 27, Dan Bilefsky, Ceylan Yeginsu, “Of ‘Covidivorces’ and ‘Coronababies’: Life During a Lockdown”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 Mar 2020, Protests in China:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China.
Bazhong
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɑːˈd͡ʒʊŋ/
ipa: /bɑːˈd͡ʒɒŋ/
enpr: bäʹjo͝ongʹ
rhymes: -ʊŋ
Forms: form: Pa-chung
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 巴中 (Bāzhōng).
Senses: examples: text: China’s agriculture ministry said on Wednesday two new African swine fever outbreaks were confirmed in Sichuan and Qinghai provinces.
The new case in the city of Bazhong in Sichuan killed 19 of 117 pigs present on a farm, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said in a statement on its website.
ref: 2018 December 12, “China reports new African swine fever outbreaks in Sichuan, Qinghai provinces”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 12 Dec 2018, Health News:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China, formerly a prefecture.
synonyms: word: Bazhou
glosses: A county-level city of Bazhong, Sichuan, China, formerly a county in Daxian Prefecture.
Shuozhou
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Shuo-chou
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 朔州 (Shuòzhōu).
Senses: examples: text: In northernmost Shansi, Chang had pressed deeply inside the ancient Great Wall, taking first Ta-t’ung and then Shuochou. On May 8, Yen was finally able to mount a counteroffensive, which retook Shuochou and pushed Chang's Ankuochün back out of northern Shansi.
ref: [1976, Donald A. Jordan, “The Peking Campaign: Completion of the Military Unification”, in The Northern Expedition: China's National Revolution of 1926-1928, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 162–163:
text: The blast occurred Saturday at the Xishui Colliery in Shuozhou, a major coal mining area in Shanxi province.
ref: 2005 March 21, “WORLD IN BRIEF”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 22 Jan 2024:
text: All seven cities saw an increase in air pollution during January-May. Readings assessed showed an average concentration of hazardous airborne particles - known as PM2.5 - up by as much as 14.8% in Taiyuan, the provincial capital, and by 16.3% in Shuozhou.
ref: 2019 June 20, David Stanway, “China coal hub Shanxi slams seven cities for pollution spike in 2019”, in Sherry Jacob-Phillips, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 21 Jun 2019, Environment:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China.
Weihai
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: wāʹhīʹ
Forms: form: Wei-hai
Etymology: From Mandarin 威海 (Wēihǎi).
Senses: examples: text: At Weihai the Chinese have an excellent position for an arsenal and docks. The harbor is good, and at the rear are all the resources of the province of Shantung.
ref: 1888, “Bibliographic Notes”, in Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute, volume XIV, number 1, Annapolis, Md.: United States Naval Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 279:
text: The Women's World Cup began on Sunday behind closed doors in the eastern coastal city of Weihai with 21 players from across the globe taking part over three days. It will be followed by two other International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) events in mainland China.
ref: 2020 November 9, “Nerves and serves: International table tennis back after 238 days”, in France 24, archived from the original on 09 Nov 2020:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Shandong, China.
Synonyms: Weihaiwei
Tai'an
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈtaɪˌɑn/
/-æn/
Forms: form: Taian
form: T'ai-an
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 泰安 (Tài'ān).
Senses: examples: text: Chinese police have uncovered the country’s largest alleged on-line pyramid selling scheme, involving 170,000 people and 1.36 billion yuan ($180 million), state media said on Friday.
Authorities in Tai’an city, in the eastern Shandong province, uncovered the scheme named “Swiss Mutual Fund” in May, which was found to be illegal after investigation, xinhua said.[…]
The uncovered scheme in Tai’an is just part of China’s campaign against pyramid selling from July 16 to August 15 this year, xinhua said.
ref: 2007 August 31, “Police uncover China's largest online pyramid scam”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 30 Sep 2020, Internet News:
text: Our medical college lay nestled beneath the famed Taishan (pronounced Tie-shawn), or Mount Tai, the foremost of China’s five sacred mountains and the pride of the city of Tai’an, even all of Shandong province. We lived on the university’s old campus at the foot of Mount Tai, just at the edge of downtown Tai’an.
ref: 2012, Aminta Arrington, “Gate”, in Home is a Roof over a Pig: An American Family's Journey in China, New York: The Overlook Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 17–18:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Shandong, China.
glosses: A village in Beiwan, Jingyuan, Baiyin, Gansu, China.
Synonyms: word: Tai-ngan
sense: prefecture-level city
word: Taianfu
hyperdivergence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyperdivergences
Etymology: From hyper- + divergence.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The condition of being hyperdivergent.
Liaocheng
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: lyouʹchǔngʹ
Forms: form: Liao-ch'eng
Etymology: From Mandarin 聊城 (Liáochéng).
Senses: examples: text: Working out of their office in Liaocheng, they visited the villages where they tried to win over local leadership and mobilize the masses.
ref: 1976, John Israel, Donald W. Klein, Rebels and Bureaucrats: China's December 9ers, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 148:
text: Xinfa Group, one of China’s top aluminum producers, will have to close 381,900 tonnes per year of smelting capacity this winter, its home city of Liaocheng confirmed on Friday.
Xinfa must shut 30 percent of its pots in Liaocheng, one of 28 northern Chinese cities ordered to impose restrictions on industrial output this winter to combat smog, from Nov. 15 to March 15, 2018, according to a document published on the Liaocheng government website.
A draft of the document circulating earlier this week contained the same number for the Xinfa cut and Liaocheng has now finalised its restrictions for the heating season.
Xinfa’s smelting capacity in Liaocheng, in the eastern Shandong province, was listed as 1.58 million tonnes per year, although it also has capacity in Xinjiang that will not be subject to winter cutbacks.
ref: 2017 October 20, “Chinese city confirms Xinfa aluminum capacity cut”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 14 Dec 2018, Environment:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Shandong, China.
hyperduplication
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hyper- + duplication.
Senses: topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Excessive duplication (typically of centrosomes)
hyperdynamism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hyper- + dynamism.
Senses: topics: biology
ecology
natural-sciences
glosses: Excessive movement between the parts of a fragmented habitat
Related terms: hyperdynamic
hyperforinate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyperforinates
Senses: glosses: An anion or salt derived from hyperforin
hyperkeratinize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: hyperkeratinizes
form: hyperkeratinizing
form: hyperkeratinized
form: hyperkeratinized
Etymology: From hyper- + keratinize.
Senses: glosses: To cause, or to undergo hyperkeratinization
hyperkeratinized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of hyperkeratinize
hyperkeratinized
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Modified by hyperkeratinization
hypoadrenal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hypo- + adrenal.
Senses: glosses: Relating to hypoadrenalism
immunodeterminant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immunodeterminants
Etymology: From immuno- + determinant.
Senses: topics: immunology
medicine
sciences
glosses: An immunological determinant
immunodeterminants
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of immunodeterminant
immunostatus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immunostatuses
Etymology: From immuno- + status.
Senses: topics: immunology
medicine
sciences
glosses: immunological status
immunosubunit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: immunosubunits
Etymology: From immuno- + subunit.
Senses: topics: immunology
medicine
sciences
glosses: A subunit of an immunoproteasome
immunosubunits
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of immunosubunit
interferogenic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: That produces interferons
intervillar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From inter- + villar.
Senses: glosses: Between villi
jasmonoyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jasmonoyls
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A univalent radical derived from a jasmonic acid
Jiujiang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: jyōʹjyängʹ
jē-ōʹjē-ängʹ
Forms: form: Kiukiang
form: Kievkiang
form: Chiu-chiang
form: Chiuchiang
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 九江 (Jiǔjiāng).
Senses: examples: text: The Yangtze divides Jiujiang in Jiangxi province and Huanggang in neighbouring Hubei, one of the cities hardest hit by the coronavirus outbreak and now sealed off from the rest of China to try to contain it.
ref: 2020 January 31, Martin Pollard, Thomas Peter, David Stanway, “Travellers beat China virus lockdown via bridge over the Yangtze”, in Stephen Coates, Mike Collett-White, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 02 Feb 2020, WORLD NEWS:
text: Hubei has been under virtual quarantine for the last week, with roads sealed off and public transport shut down. The province extended its Lunar New Year holiday break to Feb. 13 in a bid to contain the outbreak.
But some people are leaving Hubei on foot over a bridge spanning the Yangtze river, entering Jiujiang city in neighbouring Jiangxi province.
ref: 2020 February 2, “Philippines reports first coronavirus death outside China as toll tops 300”, in France 24, archived from the original on 02 Feb 2020, Asia / Pacific:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Jiangxi, China.
glosses: A town in Nanhai district, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
Jiujiang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: jyōʹjyängʹ
jē-ōʹjē-ängʹ
Etymology: From Mandarin 鳩江 /鸠江 (Jiūjiāng).
Senses: glosses: A district of Wuhu, Anhui, China.
Gedangdian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: gŭʹdängʹdyěnʹ
Forms: form: Ko-tang-tien
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 圪壋店 /圪垱店 (Gēdàngdiàn).
Senses: examples: text: At 1.35 p.m., the 529th FS claimed two Ki44s and two more damaged between Wuchih and Kotangtien.
ref: [2017, Håkan Gustavsson, Sino-Japanese Air War 1947-1945: The Longest Struggle, →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://www.google.com/books/edition/Sino_Japanese_Air_War_1937_1945/9NHyDQAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PT219:
text: The family's hometown Gedangdian Village is a very rich village in Wuzhi County, where many villagers had made a fortune through the cashmere car cushions business in the past few decades.
ref: 2021, Yan Xiaoxu, Yang Tingjuan, Wang Jingjing, Du Jing, Guo Silu, “The Generation Born in the 1970s”, in Lu Mai, editor, The Chinese Dream and Ordinary Chinese People, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 77:
glosses: A town in Wuzhi, Jiaozuo, Henan, China, formerly a township.
Wuzhi
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: wo͞oʹjûʹ
Forms: form: Wu-chih
form: Wuchih
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 武陟 (Wǔzhì).
Senses: examples: text: Li Yumei apprenticed for the post of governor-general of the Henan conservancy by serving in a wide range of bureaucratic positions in the Yellow River region. A bagong of 1801, his first appointment was as magistrate of Wuzhi County in Henan. The remainder of his career was spent almost entirely along the river in Henan and Shandong, a fact that gave Li familiarity with both the gentry and the geography of the region.
ref: 2001, Randall A. Dodgen, “Confucian Engineers”, in Controlling the Dragon: Confucian Engineers and the Yellow River in the Late Imperial China (Chinese history), Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 43:
text: In Wuzhi County in Henan Province, the supply and marketing cooperatives purchased fallen apples in time for processing. As a result, hundreds of thousands of kilograms of apples did not go to waste, and there are many other examples.
ref: 2002, Du Runsheng, Chinese Economists on Economic Reform - Collected Works of Du Runsheng (Chinese Studies / Economics), Routledge, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 43:
glosses: A county of Jiaozuo, Henan, China.
Jiaozuo
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: jyouʹdzôʹ
Forms: form: Chiao-tso
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 焦作 (Jiāozuò).
Senses: examples: text: Work on the new railroad that thrust its way up onto the Shangtang: Plateau from the old railhead at the huge coalmine of Chiaotso in the Yellow River Valley went on for three years.
ref: [1983, William Hinton, “Two Dams and a Railroad”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 226:
text: Luttrell gave up missionary work in 1924 to become a welfare officer with the Peking Syndicate’s coal mine at Chiaotso in North Honan.⁴
As a missionary, Luttrell had been stattoned at Chiaotso and got to know the British managers and engineers who were in charge of operations there.
ref: [1987, Peter Stursberg, “Dragon Bones”, in The Golden Hope: Christians in China, Toronto: The United Church Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 134:
text: “I don’t regret what happened. We heard that after we were arrested they improved conditions,” Mr. He, 32, said by telephone from his home in Qinyang city near Jiaozuo, in Henan Province, where he returned to his wife and 5-year-old daughter after receiving a seven week jail term in Singapore.
ref: 2013 April 1, Didi Kirsten Tatlow, “Back in China, Bus Driver Doesn’t Regret Singapore Strike”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 19 Aug 2023:
text: Participants perform Tai Chi at a square in Jiefang District during a worldwide Tai Chi activity on October 18, 2015, in Jiaozuo, Henan Province.
ref: 2016 March 31, Alan Taylor, “More of the Chinese Art of the Crowd”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 05 Apr 2016:
glosses: A prefecture-level city of Henan, China.
scenarise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: scenarises
form: scenarising
form: scenarised
form: scenarised
Senses: examples: text: On the basis of an exceptionally interesting story, skilfully scenarised by Eliot Stannard, Frank Crane has built a photo-play in which humour, tragedy, and romance blend exquisitely.
ref: 1922, Motion Picture Studio - Volume 1, Issues 31-52, page 21:
text: Directed by Joseph de Grasse from a Harvey Gates story scenarised by Ida May Park (Mrs. de Grasse), Hell Morgan's Girl presented Chaney in the role of Sleter Noble, a tough but sexy politician gang leader of San Francisco's Barbary Coast.
ref: 1976, DeWitt Bodeen, From Hollywood: The Careers of 15 Great American Stars, page 212:
text: In fact, Spencer Williams was maligned by the studios, forcing the Pittsburgh Courier to express it's disapproval of such practices by stating, 'Spencer Williams is said to have lost a golden opportunity at Christie Studios by kicking too soon for screen credit for pictures he claims to have helped scenarise. He is said to have forgotten that we have to abide our time.'
ref: 1997, Film History - Volume 9, page 105:
topics: broadcasting
entertainment
film
lifestyle
media
television
theater
glosses: To create the physical set and staging for a film or play.
examples: text: This fundamental truth should be scenarised in our case studies: instead of training students in the illusion of rigorous planning based on data, one should train them to work with uncertainty and breakdowns.
ref: 2008, García-Peñalvo & Francisco José, Advances in E-Learning: Experiences and Methodologies, →ISBN:
text: The picture of the Commission as a 'blind driver' and the agency as 'directions-giving passenger', which has been created in the context of the relationship Commission-EFSA, may be excessive with regard to RTS, but it scenarises well that the RTS are de facto made by the ESAs.
ref: 2016, Paul Weismann, European Agencies and Risk Governance in EU Financial Market Law, →ISBN:
text: The two film clips just shown indicate that desire, as it is scenarised in The English Patient is depicted to have both oedipal and pre-oedipal roots, both of which infuse the film's narrative mechanisms
ref: 2018, Glen O. Gabbard, Psychoanalysis and Film, →ISBN:
glosses: To generate a scenario to illustrate an idea.
scenarises
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of scenarise
scenarising
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of scenarise
scenarised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of scenarise
scenarize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: scenarizes
form: scenarizing
form: scenarized
form: scenarized
Senses: examples: text: He used to buy gallery seats to plays, see the first act and go home to scenarize it.
ref: 1945, Leo Shull, Playwrighting for Broadway, page 6:
text: Watch him growing up in a normal Rockwellesque American aesthetic, winning the game by internalizing its normality. See yourself as well, to the extent that you arejust like everyone else. Scenarize yourself on the stage that is your own life.
ref: 2007, Friedrich von Borries, Steffen P. Walz, Matthias Böttger, Space Time Play: Computer Games, Architecture and Urbanism, →ISBN:
text: One day, we even designed a formal-free thinking foresight exercise for graduating students where the trick was to scenarize a number of ventures and business models for an ever expanding Apple until 2030.
ref: 2016, Patrick Corsi & Dominique Morin v, Sequencing Apple's DNA, →ISBN, page xi:
glosses: Alternative form of scenarise.
scenarizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of scenarize
scenarizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of scenarize
scenarized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of scenarize
leukophoresis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From leuko- + -phoresis.
Senses: glosses: Leukapheresis.
lithostatine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of lithostathine.
lithostathine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A protein that inhibits the formation of pancreatic stones
frog's views
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of frog's view
lophophorates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lophophorate
magnetoreceptive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From magneto- + receptive.
Senses: glosses: Relating to magnetoreception
mekosuchine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mekosuchines
Senses: glosses: Any extinct crocodile of the subfamily Mekosuchinae
mekosuchines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of mekosuchine
mesocoel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mesocoels
Etymology: From meso- + -coel.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The cavity of the mesencephalon; the iter
Related terms: mesocoelic
mesocoels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of mesocoel
metacholine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of methacholine.
metacoel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: metacoels
Etymology: From meta- + -coel.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
neuroanatomy
neurology
neuroscience
sciences
glosses: The caudal part of the fourth ventricle of the brain.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: A secondary coelom.
metacoels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of metacoel
micropharmacological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From micro- + pharmacological.
Senses: glosses: Relating to micropharmacology
micropharmacology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From micro- + pharmacology.
Senses: glosses: pharmacology at a subcellular level
Related terms: micropharmacological
microprecipitate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: microprecipitates
Etymology: From micro- + precipitate.
Senses: glosses: A microscopic precipitate
Related terms: microprecipitation
multiphosphorylated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From multi- + phosphorylated.
Senses: glosses: phosphorylated at multiple sites
muscularisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: muscularisations
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of muscularization.
nanochromatographic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From nano- + chromatographic.
Senses: glosses: Relating to nanochromatography
noncytophilic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + cytophilic.
Senses: glosses: Not cytophilic
nontraumatised
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + traumatised.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of nontraumatized.
nucleofect
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: nucleofects
form: nucleofecting
form: nucleofected
form: nucleofected
Senses: glosses: To cause, or to undergo nucleofection
lookless
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From look + -less.
Senses: examples: text: Although XAML controls are supposed to be lookless by nature and have an implementation independent of their actual visuals, many controls "cheat" a little and expose a TemplateSettings property […]
ref: 2015, Adam Nathan, Universal Windows Apps with XAML and C# Unleashed, page 516:
glosses: Without a look, or visual appearance.
stay-stomach
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stay-stomachs
Etymology: 1800. From stay + stomach.
Senses: examples: text: I reckon that old fellow, your husband, aint brung in your breckkus yet ; so you must be mighty hungry by this time, and there’s no better stay-stomach in the worl than hard biled eggs.
ref: 1841, William Gilmore Simms, “Caloya; or, The Loves of the Driver”, in The Wigwam and the Cabin, New York: Jophn W. Lovell Company, published 1885, page 396:
text: But there were others in the thirteenth century, quoted in the Summa Summarum of Sylvester Prieras, who said that a man might take electuaries, or ginger by way of stay-stomach, without impeding Communion.
ref: 1873, Rev. Hollingworth Tully Kingdon, Fasting Communion, page 91:
glosses: A snack.
Synonyms: stay-belly
stay-stomachs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of stay-stomach
false-flagger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: false-flaggers
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of false flagger.
oligodendrogliogenesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɑlɪɡoʊˌdɛndoʊˌɡlaɪoʊˌdʒɛnəˈsɪs/
ipa: /ˌɒlɪɡəʊˌdɛndoʊˌɡlaɪoʊˌdʒɛnəˈsɪs/
Senses: glosses: The generation and development of oligodendroglia
osteolaemine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: osteolaemines
Etymology: From taxonomic name Osteolaeminae.
Senses: examples: text: We describe two new osteolaemine crocodylids from the Early and early Middle Miocene of Kenya: Kinyang mabokoensis tax. nov. (Maboko, 15 Ma) and Kinyang tchernovi tax. nov. (Karungu and Loperot, 18 Ma). […] Tubulirostrine Euthecodon and gharials persist, but small flat‐snouted osteolaemines are replaced by Crocodylus (Figure 1f), some of which were gigantic, with exceptional individuals possibly exceeding 7 m in total length (Brochu & Storrs, 2012).
ref: 2022 June 8, Christopher A. Brochu et al., “Giant dwarf crocodiles from the Miocene of Kenya and crocodylid faunal dynamics in the late Cenozoic of East Africa”, in The Anatomical Record, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 2729 and 2731:
glosses: A crocodile of the subfamily Osteolaeminae.
osteolaemines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of osteolaemine
educationism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From education + -ism.
Senses: glosses: discrimination against those without post-secondary academic credentials.
Related terms: educationist
ovarectomy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ovarectomies
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: Alternative form of ovariectomy.
acrophilic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From acrophile + -ic.
Senses: glosses: That inhabits or prefers mountains or alpine regions
overmethylation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From over- + methylation.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Excessive methylation
parafiliariosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: infection with nematodes of the genus Parafilaria
pedestral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of pedestrial.
glosses: Misspelling of pedestal.
peroxidizability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: peroxidizabilities
Senses: glosses: The condition of being peroxidizable
phosphosignal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phosphosignals
Etymology: From phospho- + signal.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: An intercellular signal mediated by a sphingosine-phosphate
Related terms: phosphosignaling
phosphosignalling
phosphosignal
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: phosphosignals
form: phosphosignaling
form: phosphosignalling
form: phosphosignaled
form: phosphosignaled
form: phosphosignalled
form: phosphosignalled
Etymology: From phospho- + signal.
Senses: glosses: To make such a signal
photoliberation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From photo- + liberation.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: liberation of a compound by the action of light
mistah
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mistahs
Senses: glosses: Pronunciation spelling of mister.
piscidin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: piscidins
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a group of antimicrobial peptides present in fish
piscidins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of piscidin
pleurocidin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pleurocidins
Senses: glosses: A piscidin present in flounders of the genus Pleuronectes.
pneumophage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pneumophages
Senses: glosses: A bacteriophage that counters bacterial infection of the lungs
pneumophages
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pneumophage
pneumoviruses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pneumovirus
postsecretory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From post- + secretory.
Senses: glosses: Following secretion
powerstroke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: powerstrokes
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of power stroke.
powerstrokes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of powerstroke
crutch word
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: crutch words
form: crutch-word
form: crutchword
Etymology: From crutch + word.
Senses: examples: 2012 Jen Doll, ""A Literal Epidemic of Crutch Words," The Atlantic, 13 September 2012.
Of course, we didn't list all the crutch words, because it appears we're living in a crutch word epidemic.
2016 O'Brian Gunn, ""Crutch Words that Hobble Your Writing," BKA Content, 29 December 2016.
A crutch word is essentially a placeholder, something we say or sometimes even write when we can’t think of the right word to accurately describe what we want to convey.
n.d. ""Words That Can Ruin Your Sentence: Actually," Dictionary.com: Everything After Z, 13 September 2012.
Actually is the perfect example of a crutch word. It is meant to signify something that exists in reality, but it is more often used as a way to add punch to a statement (as in, "I actually have no idea").
glosses: A word that becomes a filler in conversation, or is used for verbal emphasis, without adding any meaning to an utterance.
power stroke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: power strokes
Senses: glosses: The stroke of an internal combustion engine in which compressed fuel is ignited and generates force
glosses: A stage in muscle contraction
crutch words
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of crutch word
prosclerotic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pro- + sclerotic.
Senses: glosses: That leads to sclerosis
exfiltrator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: exfiltrators
Senses: glosses: One who exfiltrates.
exfiltrators
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of exfiltrator
pseudocoelom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pseudocoeloms
Etymology: From pseudo- + coelom.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of pseudocoel.
synonyms: word: pseudocoel
Related terms: pseudocoelomic
pseudocoelomic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pseudo- + coelomic.
Senses: glosses: Relating to a pseudocoelom
pterobranches
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pterobranch
pterygoidal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Relating to a pterygoid (bone)
pyroglutamyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pyroglutamyls
Etymology: From pyro- + glutamyl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The univalent radical derived from pyroglutamic acid
radiomimetics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of radiomimetic
radiotelemetrically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From radio- + telemetrically or radiotelemetric + -ally.
Senses: glosses: By means of radiotelemetry
resensitisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: resensitisations
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of resensitization.
retrochiasmatic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From retro- + chiasmatic.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Behind the chiasma
retrovesicular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From retro- + vesicular.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Behind a vesicle
schistosomule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: schistosomules
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of schistosomulum.
schistosomules
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of schistosomule
Jumbotron
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Jumbotrons
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of jumbotron.
Jumbotrons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Jumbotron
Dowhan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A surname.
JumboTron
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: JumboTrons
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of jumbotron.
JumboTrons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of JumboTron
Tabata
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: qualifier: fitness
glosses: Synonym of Tabata method.
synonyms: word: Tabata method
Sieradz
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Polish Sieradz.
Senses: glosses: A city and county in Lodz Voivodeship, Poland.
serogroupable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Able to be serogrouped
sinorhizobial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Relating to bacteria of the genus Sinorhizobium
Related terms: sinorhizobium
siomycin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: siomycins
Senses: glosses: Any of a group of peptide thiazole antibiotics isolated from the soil bacterium Streptomyces sioyaensis
family unit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: family units
Senses: examples: ref: 1972, Population Growth Symposium, No. 3: THE FAMILY UNIT:
ref: 2015, Addiction and Its Effect on the Family Unit:
glosses: A unit of people consisting of family members, distant or immediate.
Hypernyms: family
unit
Hyponyms: immediate family
extended family
rinse-pitcher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rinse-pitchers
Etymology: From rinse + pitcher.
Senses: examples: text: Rince Pytcher is he that will drinke out his thrift at the ale or wine, and be oft times dronke. This is a licoryce knaue that will swill his Maisters drink, and brybe his meate that is kept for him.
ref: [1561, John Awdely, “The Orders of Knaues”, in The Fraternitye of Vacabondes; republished in Edward Viles, Frederick James Furnivall, editors, Awdeley's Fraternitye of Vacabondes, Harman's Caveat, Haben's Sermon, &c, London: Early English Text Society, 1869, page 13:
text: What the godly Cromwell saw in this Royalist rinse-pitcher it is now difficult to assess — but he sought him for his son-in-law.
ref: 1971, Allen Andrews, The Royal Whore: Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine, page 9:
glosses: A drunkard.
Synonyms: squeeze-grape
swill-pot
toper
rinse-pitchers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of rinse-pitcher
big bads
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of big bad
upper lip
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Synonym of labium superius oris.
synonyms: word: labium superius oris
glosses: A sarcastic or jocular response to a person who has performed oral sex on someone.
Derived terms: stiff upper lip
Related terms: lower lip
subtack
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: subtacks
Senses: glosses: An underlease in Scotland.
subtacks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of subtack
centimetre-gramme-second
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of centimetre-gram-second.
centimeter-gramme-second
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of centimetre-gramme-second.
meter-kilogramme-second
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of meter-kilogram-second.
metre-kilogramme-second
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of meter-kilogram-second.
meter-ton-second
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of metre-tonne-second.
metre-ton-second
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of metre-tonne-second.
family units
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of family unit
summability method
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: summability methods
Senses: topics: mathematical-analysis
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A summation method.
summability methods
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of summability method
Charles' law
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Charles's law.
consounded
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: “Blame it, this whole is ⟨ju⟩ just as it can be. It makes it so consounded difficult to get up a difficult plan....” (MS, 552)
ref: 1991, Mark Twain, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (ms.), a. 1884, quoted in Victor Doyno, Writing Huck Finn: Mark Twain's Creative Process, →OCLC, page 208:
glosses: simple past and past participle of consound
leakproofed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of leakproof
leakproofs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of leakproof
leakproofing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of leakproof
neolib
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neolibs
Etymology: Shortening.
Senses: glosses: neoliberal
neolibs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of neolib
congressed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of congress
congressing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of congress
melanin-challenged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: His rise to this coveted position was swift and had left some of his melanin challenged co-workers feeling cheated by what they were sure was the result of an affirmative action program.
ref: 2006, La'Kesha Price, Thru Thick And Thin:
text: KENT: Yeah, Flip's girl is a little melanin challenged.
CHERYL: Melanin challenged?
KENT: She's, of the other persuasion . . .
TAYLOR: Not in the tribe, huh?
ref: 2008, Lydia R. Diamond, Stick Fly: A Play, page 20:
text: Chicken Little is “cranially underenhanced,” Snow White “melanin-challenged,” and the three bears, an anthropomorphic nuclear family.
ref: 2010, Geoff Hamilton, Brian Jones, Encyclopedia of American Popular Fiction:
glosses: white; having white skin or being racially categorized as white.