cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
backward compatible
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌbækwɚdkəmˈpætəb(ə)l/
ipa: [ˌbækwɚdkəmˈpæɾəb(ə)l]
Forms: form: more backward compatible
form: most backward compatible
form: backward-compatible
form: backwards compatible
form: backwards-compatible
Etymology: Back-formation from backward compatibility.
Senses: examples: text: The new editor is backward compatible with all versions later than 1.17.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
antonyms: backward incompatible
glosses: Capable of interoperating with older systems.
Related terms: backward compatibility
forward compatible
interoperate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: interoperates
form: interoperating
form: interoperated
form: interoperated
Etymology: From inter- (“between, mutual”) + operate (“work”).
Senses: examples: text: It took weeks to get the two email systems to interoperate.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: To work reliably with another system.
Derived terms: interop
interoperability
interoperable
interoperation
non-interoperable
coexistence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: coexistences
form: co-existence
form: coëxistence
Etymology: From co- + existence.
Senses: examples: text: The day of horror Israel has just experienced signals the end of the Netanyahu experiment in violent coexistence.
ref: 2023 October 12, Yuval Noah Harari, “Israelis and Palestinians are facing their moment of greatest danger since 1948”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: While the PSOE’s leader and caretaker prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, argues that the act of clemency would help promote coexistence after the tumultuous political and territorial crisis of 2017, his opponents have decried the move as a cynical and self-serving means of remaining in power.
ref: 2023 November 12, Sam Jones, “Fresh protests held across Spain over amnesty deal for Catalan separatists”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: The state of two or more things existing together, usually in a temporal or spatial sense, with or without mutual interaction.
Derived terms: incoexistence
noncoexistence
peaceful coexistence
Related terms: coexist
spacial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -eɪʃəl
Etymology: From space + -ial.
Senses: examples: text: The spacial depths between the glittering threads of the web and the chef seemed abysmic and prodigious. He might have belonged to another realm.
ref: 1946, Mervyn Peake, Titus Groan, London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, →OCLC:
glosses: Alternative spelling of spatial.
Derived terms: spaciality
runt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹʌnt/
rhymes: -ʌnt
Forms: form: runts
Etymology: The OED classifies this word as "of obscure origin". Some see a connection to Middle Dutch runt (“ox”), but the OED considers this to be unlikely.
Senses: examples: text: Sometimes, as we have seen, one member of a litter is a runt, much smaller than the rest. He is unable to fight for food as strongly as the rest, and runts often die. We have considered the conditions under which it would actually pay a mother to let a runt die.
ref: 1976, Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, Kindle edition, OUP Oxford, published 2016, page 168:
glosses: The smallest animal of a litter.
examples: text: the runt of the family
glosses: The smallest child in the family.
synonyms: dwarf
glosses: Undersized or stunted plant, animal or person.
glosses: An uninfluential or unimportant person; a nobody.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
networking
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: An Ethernet packet that does not meet the medium's minimum packet size of 64 bytes.
topics: media
publishing
typography
hypernyms: widow
glosses: A single word (or portion of a hyphenated word) that appears as the last line of a paragraph.
glosses: A breed of pigeon related to the carrier pigeon.
examples: text: Neither young poles nor old runts are durable
ref: 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book XVI.]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 1st tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:
glosses: A hardened stem or stalk of a plant.
glosses: A bow.
Derived terms: kale runt
runt disease
runt of the litter
runty
sola
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Hindi सोला (solā, “the plant Aeschynomene aspera”), from Bengali শোলা (śōla).
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of shola.
Related terms: sola gratia
sola scriptura
sola topee
sola topi
sempre
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: note: ′
enpr: sem′-prā
ipa: /ˈsɛm(ˌ)pɹeɪ/
Etymology: From Italian sempre.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: always, still; maintaining the same style
raw_tags: as a qualifier
conditional assembly language
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: conditional assembly languages
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: The section of an assembly language that is used to write macros.
macro
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹəʊ/
Etymology: 1933, from macro-, from French, from Latin, from Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”).
Senses: examples: text: Crumb's sexual fixation on gigantic women's legs became a major feature of his most celebrated images. Despite the common themes among macrophiles, Ed Lundt believes that no two macro fantasies are quite alike […]
ref: 1999, Katharine Gates, Deviant Desires: Incredibly Strange Sex, page 115:
text: But simply turning off iCloud backups was an incomplete solution. The macro problem, I wrote in my column last year, is that people have sacrificed ownership and control of their data.
ref: 2022 November 2, Brian X. Chen, “Personal Tech Has Changed. So Must Our Coverage of It.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
antonyms: micro
glosses: Very large in scope or scale.
examples: text: While there are many aspects to this way of living, the actual “diet” focuses on whole foods, consumed in traditional methods. A typical macro bowl includes grains, beans, steamed veggies, sea vegetables, and fermented foods.
ref: 2015, Elizabeth Stein, Eating Purely:
topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
glosses: Clipping of macrobiotic.
macro
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹəʊ/
Forms: form: macros
Etymology: 1933, from macro-, from French, from Latin, from Ancient Greek μακρός (makrós, “long”).
Senses: examples: text: Don't be afraid to include some “unhealthy” foods in your diet. The overarching rule about foods is if it fits your macros (IIFYM), then you can eat it. That means you can eat chocolate, ice cream, and many other indulgences […]
ref: 2018, Spencer Langley, Flex Life: How to Transform Your Body Forever, Flex Life Inc., →ISBN, page 81:
qualifier: nutrition
glosses: Clipping of macronutrient.
examples: text: On Monday, chipmaker Nvidia (NVDA) cut its sales outlook for the fourth quarter, citing “deteriorating macroeconomic conditions, particularly in China.” Last week, Intel’s (INTC) CEO also noted that “trade and macro concerns, especially in China, have intensified.”
ref: 2019 January 28, Seth Fiegerman, “Apple earnings: How low can iPhone sales go?”, in CNN Business:
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: Clipping of macroeconomics.
examples: text: Most macros are made by camera manufacturers to fit their cameras
ref: 1980, Popular Science, volume 217, number 6, page 94:
text: The lens was a macro, capable of everything from an “infinity shot” to a close-up in which a single fingerprint filled the entire frame.
ref: 2008, Richard Satterlie, Agnes Hahn:
topics: arts
hobbies
lifestyle
photography
glosses: Ellipsis of macro lens.
macro
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹəʊ/
Forms: form: macros
Etymology: Attested 1959, shortened from macroinstruction.
Senses: examples: text: The preprocessor expands any embedded macros into source code before it is compiled.
text: There's also a spam filter in the code now, so if someone attempts to flood people's screens with macros or a bot, everything after the first few lines is thrown away.
ref: 1998, Dr. Cat, “Furry web site plug”, in alt.fan.furry (Usenet):
text: A recurring theme in this book is to record an Excel macro and then show how to adapt the recorded code.
ref: 2004, Paul Kimmel, Excel 2003 VBA Programmer's Reference, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 2:
text: Languages belonging to the Lisp family make use of macros to provide support for compile-time metaprogramming.
ref: 2010, Debasish Ghosh, DSLs in Action, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
text: This should make intuitive sense because the purpose of the macro system is to transform code from one valid form to a final form, such as inserting logic automatically that would otherwise have been written explicitly.
ref: 2021, Dean Wampler, chapter 24, in Programming Scala, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, →ISBN:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: A comparatively human-friendly abbreviation of complex input to a computer program.
Derived terms: anaphoric macro
Emacs
image macro
macro guard
macroing
macro language
macrolanguage
macrolike
macrovirus
mediamacro
Related terms: macro expansion
template
macro
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˈmæk.ɹəʊ/
Senses: topics: games
gaming
glosses: Short for macromanagement.
weigh anchor
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: weighs anchor
form: weighing anchor
form: weighed anchor
form: weighed anchor
Senses: examples: 1986, Ben Elton et al., Blackadder II, 3: "Potato"
- Aah-ahhh! You have a woman’s hand, milord! I’ll wager these dainty pinkies never weighed anchor in a storm.
- Well, you’re right there.
topics: nautical
transport
antonyms: drop anchor
glosses: To raise the anchor of a ship or boat prior to getting under way.
Related terms: anchor's aweigh
under way
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Forms: form: underway
Senses: examples: text: A dearth of signalmen and the high cost of labour is hastening an elimination process that already was well under way before the second world war.
ref: 1956 May, C. H. Betts, “St. Pancras Tunnel Signalbox”, in Railway Magazine, page 320:
text: The All Blacks drove upfield, using up the remaining moments, and when Joubert blew for another French infringement, the biggest party in New Zealand's history was under way.
ref: 2011 October 23, Tom Fordyce, “2011 Rugby World Cup final: New Zealand 8-7 France”, in BBC Sport:
text: Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe. Some call it geoeconomics, but it's geopolitics too. The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.
ref: 2013 July 19, Timothy Garton Ash, “Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 18:
text: SWR has decided to withdraw it with immediate effect and cease the programme of modifications that were under way, to avoid incurring further costs to the taxpayer to reintroduce and operate these trains.
ref: 2021 May 21, Richard Clinnick, “Fleet News: SWR's termination of '442' refurbishment saves £24m”, in RAIL, number 931, page 29:
glosses: In operation, in progress, commenced.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Moving through the water; not anchored, moored, aground, or beached.
raw_tags: of a vessel
examples: text: The show finally got under way, just 10 minutes late.
glosses: Into motion, into its course.
Related terms: make way
weighbridge
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈweɪbɹɪd͡ʒ/
homophone: Weybridge
Forms: form: weighbridges
Etymology: From weigh + bridge.
Senses: examples: text: A further loop siding is passed at Park House, and, just before reaching the power house, the line runs over a 20-ton Avery wagon weighbridge.
ref: 1957 December 24, H. R. Stones, “The Hellingly Hospital Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 871:
synonyms: truck scale
platform scale
glosses: a platform, flush with the roadway, having a mechanism for weighing vehicles, wagons, livestock, etc.
Weybridge
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈweɪbɹɪd͡ʒ/
homophone: weighbridge
Etymology: From Wey (“river”) + bridge.
Senses: glosses: A town in Elmbridge borough, Surrey, England (OS grid ref TQ0764).
weightlifting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈweɪtˌlɪftɪŋ/
Forms: form: weight lifting
form: weight-lifting
Etymology: From weight + lifting.
Senses: glosses: A form of exercise in which weights are lifted.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A sport in which competitors lift heavy weights in two events: the snatch and the clean and jerk.
Synonyms: topics: exercise
sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: weight training
topics: exercise
sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: pumping iron
Derived terms: weightlifting chalk
weightlifting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈweɪtˌlɪftɪŋ/
Etymology: From weightlift + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of weightlift
Related terms: powerlifting
weightlifting on Wikiversity
weir
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /wɪə̯/
ipa: /wɪɹ/
ipa: /wiːɹ/
ipa: /wiə/
note: East Anglia, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /wɛː/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
homophone: Wear
homophone: we're
homophone: ware
homophone: wear (both cheer–chair merger)
Forms: form: weirs
form: wear
form: wier
form: wyer
Etymology: From Middle English were, from Old English wer, from werian (“to dam up”), from Proto-West Germanic *warjan, from Proto-Germanic *warjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to cover”); Cognate with Old Norse ver (“station for fishing”), Sanskrit वृणोति (vṛṇóti). Related to warranty.
Senses: examples: text: Though Hambleden's parish register records the death, in 1753, of a bargeman 'Kill'd by accident, shooting ye lock', the turbulent waters of Mill End weir on the River Thames, about a mile from the village, still attract canoeists.
ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 214, photo caption:
text: The weir must not represent a physical barrier to fish migration, both locally and throughout the whole river system. If necessary, a fishway is included in the weir.
ref: 1997, J. H. L'Abée-Lund, J. E. Brittain, “Weir construction as environmental mitigation in Norwegian hydropower schemes”, in Hydropower '97, pages 51–54:
text: A walkway over the weir is likely to be useful for the removal of floating debris trapped by the weir, or for working staunches and sluices on it as the rate of flow changes.
ref: 2010, Sathesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, page 303:
glosses: An adjustable dam placed across a river to regulate the flow of water downstream.
examples: text: The Taff is naturally a good salmon river, the Ely a sea trout river, but what with weirs and pollusions the fish have been pretty well exterminated.
ref: 1879, Annual Report of the Inspectors of Salmon Fisheries, page 65:
text: The weir catch of mackerel at Monomoy and along Cape Cod has been a failure.
ref: 1887, W. A. Wilcox, “58-New England Fisheries in May, 1886”, in Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, volume VI, published 1886, page 191:
text: For a spell we done pretty well. Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand.
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
glosses: A fence placed across a river to catch fish.
glosses: Seaweed.
Coordinate terms: sense: adjustable dam
word: dam
sense: adjustable dam
word: sluice
Derived terms: Bridge of Weir
Countess Wear
leaky weir
lock-weir
Porlock Weir
unweired
wasteweir
weired
aperient
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: /əˈpɪɹ.i.ənt/
Etymology: Attested since the early 17th century, from Latin aperiens, present participle of aperire (“to open”).
Senses: examples: text: [T]ouching the much vexed question of stimulants he relished a glass of choice old wine in season as both nourishing and bloodmaking and possessing aperient virtues (notably a good burgundy which he was a staunch believer in) […]
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 8: Laestrygonians]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey], page 171:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Having a gentle laxative effect.
examples: text: Is it really more knowledge we want, or more understanding? Are we in fact clavigerous and fail to realize the aperient properties of that which is in our hand?
ref: 1927, Psyche - Volume 7, page 2:
glosses: Serving to open or reveal.
aperient
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: /əˈpɪɹ.i.ənt/
Forms: form: aperients
Etymology: Attested since the early 17th century, from Latin aperiens, present participle of aperire (“to open”).
Senses: examples: text: In its fresh vegetable state, chicory, or succory—the Cichorium Intybus of botanists, is said to be a good tonic, and to have the effect of an aperient.
ref: 1849 April 7, “The Outcry about Chicory”, in William, Robert Chambers, editors, Chambers’s Edinburgh Journal, volume XI, number 275 (New Series), Edinburgh: Published by William and Robert Chambers; London: W[illiam] S[omerville] Orr, →OCLC, page 217, column 1:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A laxative, either in the form of a medicine or a food such as asparagus or hops, which has the effect of moving the bowels, or aiding digestion and preventing constipation.
Related terms: aperture
hops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hop (“jump”)
hops
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of hop (“jump”)
hops
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The flowers of the hop plant; the vegetable matter from them supplied as pellets, shreds, or powder.
hops
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of hop (“add hops to (mash)”)
laxative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlæk.sə.tɪv/
Forms: form: more laxative
form: most laxative
Etymology: From Middle French laxatif, from Latin laxātīvus (literally “relaxing, loosening”).
Senses: examples: text: BOlvs in Engliſh is called a morſell. It is a medicine laxatiue, in forme & faſhion it is meanely whole, & it is ſwallowed by litle gobbets.
ref: 1583, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Making Bolus”, in The Methode of Phisicke, Conteyning the Causes, Signes, and Cures of Inward Diseases in Mans Body from the Head to the Foote. […], London: […] Thomas Vautroullier […], →OCLC, book VI, page 288:
glosses: Having the effect of moving the bowels, or aiding digestion and preventing constipation.
Derived terms: laxatively
laxativeness
Related terms: word: constipative
english: gently laxative
translation: gently laxative
word: minorative
laxative
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlæk.sə.tɪv/
Forms: form: laxatives
Etymology: From Middle French laxatif, from Latin laxātīvus (literally “relaxing, loosening”).
Senses: examples: text: According to a recent article in the Wall Street Journal, the US is having a love affair with laxatives; Americans of all ages are ingesting so much of the stuff that there are now shortages nationwide.
ref: 2023 September 12, Arwa Mahdawi, “The US has such a love affair with laxatives that there is now a national shortage. This is not normal”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Any substance, such as a food or in the form of a medicine which has a laxative effect.
Coordinate terms: english: gas
translation: gas
word: carminative
english: urination
translation: urination
word: diuretic
Related terms: english: a gentle laxative
translation: a gentle laxative
word: minorative
antifreeze
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: antifreezes
form: anti-freeze
Etymology: From anti- + freeze.
Senses: glosses: A substance, such as glycol, used to lower the freezing point of water.
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: Automotive antifreeze, a solution of ethylene glycol, used as an additive to water or replacement for water, in the radiators of motorcars.
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A deicer, a heated glycol solution used to remove ice from the aerodynamic surfaces of airplanes, and prevent icing while on the tarmac.
Related terms: antifreezing
Merry Andrew
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Merry Andrews
form: merry andrew
form: merry-andrew
form: merryandrew
Etymology: Originally associated with a specific act at Bartholomew Fair; later said to have come from the name of Andrew Boorde.
Senses: examples: text: Instead, therefore, of answering my landlady, the puppet-show man ran out to punish his Merry-Andrew [...]
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, published 1973, page 438:
text: The games of the circus—the wild-beast fight and the gladiators, the rope-dancers, the merry-andrews, and the posture-masters,—were more to their taste than clever intrigue and brilliant dialogue.
ref: 1873, William Lucas Collins, chapter III, in Plautus and Terence, page 31:
text: One of them, the eldest, was a sort of merry andrew and was not above dressing the part with a weird cap of jackal's skin with many hanging tails and tassels.
ref: 1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 155:
glosses: A person who clowns publicly; a buffoon; an entertainer's assistant.
wikipedia: Andrew Boorde
Bartholomew Fair
thereon
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðɛəˈɹɒn/
ipa: /ðɛˈɹɑn/
ipa: /ðɛˈɹɔn/
rhymes: -ɒn
Etymology: From there + on.
Senses: examples: text: Whoso therefore shall swear by the altar, sweareth by it, and by all things thereon. And whoso shall swear by the temple, sweareth by it, and by him that dwelleth therein.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 23:20-21:
glosses: on that.
Related terms: —
henceafter
henceforth
henceforward
henceforwards
hencefrom
hereabout
hereabouts
hereabove
hereafter
hereafters
hereagainst
hereamong
hereanent
hereat
hereaway
herebefore
hereby
herefor
herefore
hereforth
hereforward
hereforwards
herefrom
herehence
hereinabove
hereinafter
hereinbefore
hereinbelow
hereinelsewhere
hereinsoever
hereinto
hereinunder
heremid
hereof
hereon
hereout
hereover
herethrough
herethroughout
hereto
heretofore
hereunto
hereupon
herewith
herewithal
herewithin
herewithout
hitherto
hitherunto
hitherward
hitherwards
howbeit
however
howso
howsoever
howsomedever
howsomever
thataway
thatwise
thenceafter
thenceforth
thenceforward
thenceforwards
thencefrom
thenceout
thereabout
thereabouts
thereabove
thereacross
thereafter
thereafters
thereagain
thereagainst
therealong
thereamong
thereamongst
thereanent
therearound
thereat
thereaway
therebefore
therebeside
therebetween
therebeyond
thereby
therever
therefor
therefore
thereforth
therefrom
therehence
thereinabove
thereinafter
thereinbefore
thereinbelow
thereinto
thereinunder
theremid
thereof
thereout
thereover
theresoever
therethrough
therethroughout
thereto
theretofore
thereunto
thereup
thereupon
therewith
therewithal
therewithin
therewithout
thisaway
thiswise
thitherinsoever
thitherto
thitherward
thitherwards
whatever
whatso
whatsoever
whatsomedever
whatsomever
whatwise
whenabout
whenabouts
whenas
whenever
whenso
whensoever
whensomever
whenceafter
whencever
whenceforth
whenceforward
whencefrom
whenceward
whencewards
whereabout
whereabouts
whereabove
whereafter
whereafters
whereagainst
wherealong
whereamong
whereamongst
whereanent
wherearound
whereas
whereat
whereaway
wherebefore
wherebeside
wherebetween
wherebeyond
whereby
wherever
wherefor
wherefore
whereforth
wherefrom
wherehence
whereinabove
whereinafter
whereinbefore
whereinbelow
whereinsoever
whereinto
whereinunder
wheremid
whereof
whereon
whereout
whereover
whereso
wheresoever
wheresomever
wherethrough
wherethroughout
whereto
wheretofore
whereunto
whereup
whereupon
wherewith
wherewithal
wherewithin
wherewithout
whitherever
whitherinsoever
whitherso
whitherto
whithertofore
whitherward
whitherwards
whyever
whyfor
whyso
whysoever
1. Scottish2. from Middle English mid3. old dialectal form
churn out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: churns out
form: churning out
form: churned out
form: churned out
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonym: crank out
text: Barbara Cartland was renowned for her ability to churn out romantic novels.
text: Stan Myles adds that the Griffiths are still among us, too—still grinding out their fears and fantasies in the guise of “relevant” flicks, most of which turn out to be variations on the same old theme […] writers still churn out quick-buck distortions of the truth; but issues are avoided like the plague; white filmsters—in a frenzy of self-abasement, perhaps—have succeeded only in being more subtle instead of less racist; and even some black filmsters—in a rush for questionable glory—have created one-dimensional portraits of their people.
ref: 1972 May, B. J. Mason, “Black Cinema Expo ’72”, in Ebony, volume 27, number 7, page 160:
text: Yet another seriously under-par performance is unlikely to provide any real answers to their remarkable plummet in form - but it proves they can at least churn out a much-needed result.
ref: 2010 December 29, Chris Whyatt, “Chelsea 1-0 Bolton”, in BBC:
text: As the world's drug habit shows, governments are failing in their quest to monitor every London window-box and Andean hillside for banned plants. But even that Sisyphean task looks easy next to the fight against synthetic drugs. No sooner has a drug been blacklisted than chemists adjust their recipe and start churning out a subtly different one.
ref: 2013 August 10, “A new prescription”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
coordinate_terms: turn out
slap together
throw together
glosses: To produce a large quantity of (something) rapidly and easily.
Derived terms: churnalism
chain reaction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chain reactions
Senses: examples: text: polymerase chain reaction
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A chemical reaction where the products of the reaction influence the reactants of a following reaction, leading to positive feedback.
examples: text: The Manhattan Project produced the first recorded controlled chain reaction.
qualifier: nuclear physics
glosses: A nuclear reaction in which particles produced by the fission of one atom trigger fissions of other atoms.
examples: text: You need the evening action / A place to dine, a glass of wine, a little late romance / It's a chain reaction / You'll see the people of the world coming out to dance
ref: 1980, George Benson, “Give Me the Night (song)”, in Give Me the Night (album):
text: That is, systemic risk is the risk of a chain reaction of falling interconnected dominos.
ref: 2010, Robert W. Kolb, Lessons from the Financial Crisis, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:
glosses: A series of events, each one causing or influencing the next.
Derived terms: polymerase chain reaction
stick with
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: sticks with
form: sticking with
form: stuck with
form: stuck with
Senses: glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see stick, with.
glosses: To remain close to.
examples: text: Please stick with the path marked on the map, and try not to get lost.
glosses: To follow or adhere to.
examples: text: Stick with me, and I'll protect you.
glosses: To follow loyally.
examples: text: The Jets are sticking with Sanchez at quarterback.
glosses: To persist in using or employing.
examples: text: Some of my father's peculiar expressions have stuck with me.
glosses: To endure in the memory of.
Synonyms: sense: follow or adhere to
word: cleave
word: cling
word: adhere
sense: be loyal to
word: stick by
sense: continue or persist
word: stick to
word: persevere
Derived terms: stick-with-it-ness
embroidery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/
Forms: form: embroideries
Etymology: From Middle French embrouderie, from embrouder + -erie.
Senses: glosses: The ornamentation of fabric using needlework.
examples: text: ‘No,’ said Luke, grinning at her. ‘You're not dull enough! […] What about the kid's clothes? I don't suppose they were anything to write home about, but didn't you keep anything? A bootee or a bit of embroidery or anything at all?’
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 15, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
glosses: A piece of embroidered fabric.
glosses: The elaboration of an account, etc. with details, especially when fictitious.
Derived terms: Assisi embroidery
embroidery hoop
gold embroidery
reembroidery
Russian embroidery
narthex
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɑɹθɛks/
ipa: /ˈnɑːθɛks/
Forms: form: narthexes
form: narthices
Etymology: From Ancient Greek νάρθηξ (nárthēx, “giant fennel”), later ‘casket’ (modern Greek νάρθηκας (nárthikas)), a Pre-Greek word, as suggested by the suffix. See also νάρδος (nárdos, “nard”).
Senses: examples: text: we were in the antechamber, called the narthex, which runs across the front of any Byzantine church [...].
ref: 1942, Rebecca West, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, Canongate, published 2006, page 637:
text: One of these was Cardinal Jacopo Stefaneschi, [...] who had now conceived ambitious plans for paintings to decorate the entire narthex, or entrance porch, of Avignon's ancient cathedral.
ref: 2007, Edwin Mullins, The Popes of Avignon, Blue Bridge, published 2008, page 87:
text: “Cinco,” Marco bellowed now, hurrying across the narthex to give him a hearty handshake, which Cinco returned without enthusiasm.
ref: 2012, Melissa F. Miller, chapter 42, in Irretrievably Broken (The Sasha McCandless Series), e-book edition, volume 1, Brown Street Books, →ISBN, page 11642:
topics: architecture
glosses: A western vestibule leading to the nave in some Christian churches.
Derived terms: endonarthex
exonarthex
vestibule
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛ.stɪ.bjuːl/
ipa: /ˈvɛ.stəˌbjul/
Forms: form: vestibules
form: vestibuling
form: vestibuled
form: vestibuled
Etymology: Early 17th century, borrowed from French vestibule (“entrance court”), from Latin vestibulum (“forecourt, entrance court; entrance”), from vestiō (“to dress, clothe, vest”) + -bulum (“place, location”, nominal suffix). Doublet of vestibulum.
Senses: examples: text: the vestibuled platform
ref: 1892, Brander Matthews, In the Vestibule Limited:
glosses: To furnish with a vestibule or vestibules.
Derived terms: vestibuled
sodic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsəʊdɪk/
rhymes: -əʊdɪk
Forms: form: more sodic
form: most sodic
Etymology: From soda + -ic.
Senses: glosses: Of, relating to, or containing sodium.
Derived terms: hydrosodic
hyposodic
iridicosodic
sodipotassic
nitwit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɪtwɪt/
Forms: form: nitwits
Etymology: First attested in the 1910s in the US Northeast. Likely from German nit, dialectal form of nichts (“nothing”), or Yiddish ניט (nit), dialectal form of נישט (nisht, “no”), although some dictionaries give the alternative etymology nit (“louse egg; something very small”) + wit.
Senses: examples: text: If you don't remember you are a nitwit. If you do answer, well, you know what the penalty is for perjury.
ref: 1918, State Bar Association of Connecticut, Annual Report, page 82:
ref: 1921, Emmett Campbell Hall, “Need a Hero be a Nitwit?”, in The Editor, page 58:
text: "Don't be a nitwit, honey!" says Adele. "Here, let me open the door! Ma be I did leave them lights on, though it ain't ike me!"
ref: 1922, Nina Wilcox Putnam, Laughter Inc:
glosses: A scatterbrained or stupid person.
Derived terms: nitwittery
nitwittish
sabot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsæbəʊ/
ipa: /ˈseɪboʊ/
rhymes: -eɪboʊ
rhymes: -æbəʊ
Forms: form: sabots
Etymology: Early 17th century, borrowed from Middle French sabot (see French sabot below). Doublet of sabaton and ciabatta.
Senses: examples: text: She was a tiny little woman and wore big sabots and a big scoop.
ref: 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 8:
glosses: A wooden shoe.
examples: text: discarding sabot
glosses: A carrier around a projectile in a firearm, cannon or other type of artillery piece that precisely holds the projectile within the barrel.
Derived terms: saboted
Related terms: sabotage
saboteur
sabot
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsæbəʊ/
ipa: /ˈseɪboʊ/
rhymes: -eɪboʊ
rhymes: -æbəʊ
Forms: form: sabots
form: saboting
form: saboted
form: saboted
Etymology: Early 17th century, borrowed from Middle French sabot (see French sabot below). Doublet of sabaton and ciabatta.
Senses: glosses: To enclose (a projectile) in a sabot.
welfare state
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: welfare states
Etymology: Compound of welfare + state.
Senses: examples: text: In order to grant the rich these pleasures, the social contract is reconfigured. The welfare state is dismantled. Essential public services are cut so that the rich may pay less tax. […]
ref: 2013 May 17, George Monbiot, “Money just makes the rich suffer”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 23, page 19:
text: Wagenknecht […] argues further that a policy of high migration enforces a minimal welfare state that is ‘cheaper for the upper and upper middle classes in comparison to a real welfare state, but it is not an attractive project for the middle and lower middle groups. Thus, if one wants to remove support for social provisions, this is exactly the way to do it’.
ref: 2024 August 18, Jörg Michael Dostal, “Left Conservatism: Sahra Wagenknecht's Challenge to the German Party System”, in The Political Quarterly, volume 95, number 4, →DOI, page 641 of 634–644:
glosses: A social system in which the state takes overall responsibility for the welfare of its citizens, providing health care, education, unemployment benefits and social security.
glosses: A country in which such a system operates.
Derived terms: welfare stater
welfare statism
well-advised
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more well-advised
form: most well-advised
Senses: examples: text: He would be well advised to be cautious, despite the fragile ceasefire that the US President Donald Trump and the Emir of Qatar brokered. Though President Trump reportedly told Israel not to kill Iran's supreme leader, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu did not rule it out.
ref: 2025 June 26, Kasra Naji, “When Iran's supreme leader emerges from hiding he will find a very different nation”, in BBC:
antonyms: ill-advised
glosses: Benefiting from careful prior advice or counsel.
jurat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈd͡ʒʊəɹæt/
/ˈʒʊəɹæ/
/ˈd͡ʒʊˌɹæt/
Forms: form: jurats
Etymology: From Medieval Latin iūrātus (“sworn [man]”) or iūrātum (“[that which is] sworn”), from Latin iūrō (“I swear an oath”). As a medieval office, via French jurat, via Occitan juré.
Senses: examples: The affidavit's jurat reads "Sworn this __ day of ________, 20__, before me" and is followed by the notary's signature. Looks like she forgot to fill it in.
topics: law
glosses: A sworn statement concerning where, when, and before whom an oath has been made.
topics: law
glosses: A sworn person
A medieval informant: a man sworn to provide information about crimes committed in his neighborhood.
topics: law
glosses: A sworn person
A juror.
topics: law
glosses: A sworn person
A councilman or alderman of the Cinque Ports.
examples: text: Guernsey and Jersey have twelve jurats each, and Alderney six.
text: The Jurat came of a good old Guernsey family which, in the Middle Ages, always had the sense to fight on the side paid best [...].
ref: 1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, published 2007, page 179:
topics: law
glosses: A sworn person
A magistrate of Channel Islands, serving for life, who forms part of the islands' royal court.
topics: law
glosses: A sworn person
A municipal officer of Bordeaux and certain other French towns.
topics: law
glosses: A sworn person
A member of any association sworn to do nothing against its internal rules.
raw_tags: in French contexts
Synonyms: sense: informant
word: informant
sense: juror
word: juror
sense: official of the Cinque Ports
word: alderman
Related terms: sense: French official
word: échevin
sense: French official
word: consul
sense: French official
word: capitoul
benefitting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: benefiting
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of benefit
certificate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/
ipa: /səˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/
ipa: /sɚˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/
ipa: /sɚˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/
rhymes: -ɪfɪkət
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: certificates
Etymology: From French certificat.
Senses: glosses: A document containing a certified statement.
glosses: A document evidencing ownership or debt.
topics: education
glosses: A document serving as evidence that a person has completed an educational course, issued either by an institution not authorised to grant diplomas, or to a student not qualifying for a diploma.
topics: computing
computing-theory
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The information needed in order to verify a positive answer to a problem.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Ellipsis of public key certificate.
examples: text: The film is certificate 15.
glosses: A motion picture age rating.
Derived terms: birth certificate
certificate authority
certificateless
certificatelessness
certificate of authenticity
certificate of clean criminal record
certificate of conduct
certificate of criminal record
certificate of deposit
certificate of good conduct
Certificate of Need
certificate of no criminal conviction
certificatory
criminal record certificate
death certificate
digital certificate
doctor's certificate
e-gift certificate
enhanced criminal record certificate
foreign exchange certificate
garage certificate
gender recognition certificate
General Certificate of Secondary Education
gift certificate
gold certificate
group certificate
Junior Certificate
Leaving Certificate
marriage certificate
medical certificate
noncertificate
police clearance certificate
public key certificate
recertificate
stock certificate
Tedder certificate
X-certificate
certificate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/
ipa: /səˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/
ipa: /sɚˈtɪf.ɪ.kət/
ipa: /sɚˈtɪf.ɪˌkeɪt/
rhymes: -ɪfɪkət
rhymes: -eɪt
Forms: form: certificates
form: certificating
form: certificated
form: certificated
Etymology: From French certificat.
Senses: glosses: To supply with a certificate, especially following certification.
Related terms: certify
certified
certify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɜː.tɪ.faɪ/
ipa: /ˈsɝ.tɪ.faɪ/
ipa: [ˈsɝ.ɾɪ.faɪ]
ipa: /ˈsɜː.tɪ.fɑɪ/
ipa: [ˈsɜː.ɾɪ.faɪ]
Forms: form: certifies
form: certifying
form: certified
form: certified
Etymology: From Old French certefier (“confirm, assure, make certain”). Compare French certifier.
Senses: glosses: To attest to (a fact) as the truth.
topics: law
glosses: To authenticate or verify in writing.
examples: text: These blankets have been certified as fireproof.
glosses: To attest that a product, service, organization, or person has met an official standard.
examples: text: Our deeds do us three manners of service. First, they certify us that we are heirs of everlasting life, and that the Spirit of God, which is the earnest thereof, is in us.
ref: 1847, The Church of England Magazine, volume 23, page 239:
glosses: To inform; to tell (a person) that something is true.
examples: text: After having certified himself of her own good health, he very kindly inquired about her mother and Miss Sophy […].
ref: 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle […], volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: To assure (oneself) of something; to ascertain.
Synonyms: sense: to attest as to
word: attest
sense: to attest as to
word: witness
sense: to attest as to
word: vouch for
sense: to attest as to
word: approve
sense: to attest as to
word: confirm
Derived terms: certifiability
certifiable
decertify
miscertify
overcertify
precertify
recertify
self-certify
uncertify
Related terms: sense: terms related to certify (verb)
word: certification
urn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɜːn/
ipa: /ɝn/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)n
homophone: earn
Forms: form: urns
form: urne
Etymology: From Middle English urne, from Old French urne, from Latin urna (“vessel”). Doublet of urna.
Senses: examples: text: A rustic, digging in the ground by Padua, […]found an urn, or earthen pot, in which there was another urn.
ref: 1648, John Wilkins, Mathematical Magick:
text: His scattered limbs with my dead body burn, / And once more join us in the pious urn.
ref: 1700, [John] Dryden, “Canace to Macareus”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
text: Mary Fibbs and all her friends start making coughing noises whenever I come near them, and then they all giggle and Mary says Grandfather mixes his cough medicine in the urns on top of the gate posts after dark with his umbrella, and now Jessamy!
ref: 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 47:
glosses: A vase with a footed base.
glosses: A metal vessel for serving tea or coffee.
examples: text: So draw him home to those that mourn
⁠In vain; a favourable speed
⁠Ruffle thy mirror’d mast, and lead
Thro’ prosperous floods his holy urn.
ref: 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto IX”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:
glosses: A vessel for the ashes or cremains of a deceased person.
examples: text: Or lay these bones in an unworthy urn, / Tombless, with no remembrance over them.
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
glosses: Any place of burial; the grave.
glosses: A measure of capacity for liquids, containing about three gallons and a half, wine measure. It was half the amphora, and four times the congius.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: A hollow body shaped like an urn, in which the spores of mosses are contained; a spore case; a theca.
Derived terms: cinerary urn
knife urn
lachrymal urn
tea urn
urn moss
urn tree
urn
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɜːn/
ipa: /ɝn/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)n
homophone: earn
Forms: form: urns
form: urning
form: urned
form: urned
form: urne
Etymology: From Middle English urne, from Old French urne, from Latin urna (“vessel”). Doublet of urna.
Senses: glosses: To place in an urn.
witness
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɪtnəs/
ipa: /ˈwɪtnɪs/
rhymes: -ɪtnəs
rhymes: -ɪtnɪs
Forms: form: witnesses
form: witnessing
form: witnessed
form: witnessed
form: witnesse
form: witneße
Etymology: From Middle English witnesse, from Old English ġewitnes, equivalent to wit + -ness. Cognate with Middle Dutch wetenisse (“witness, testimony”), Old High German gewiznessi (“testimony”), Icelandic vitni (“witness”).
Senses: examples: text: This certificate witnesses his presence on that day.
text: round he throws his baleful eyes / That witness'd huge affliction and dismay
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book I”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 56-57:
glosses: To furnish proof of, to show.
examples: text: Depression often goes undetected until it is too late . Witness the recent White House suicide.
ref: 1993, Vicki M. Pino, “Viewpoints from our Readers after "Aprongate": Lighten up”, in Atlanta Journal Constitution:
glosses: To take as evidence.
examples: text: He witnessed the accident.
text: This is but a faint sketch of the incalculable calamities and horrors we must expect, should we be so unfortunate as ever to witness the triumph of modern infidelity
ref: 1801, Robert Hall, On Modern Infidelity:
text: General Washington did not live to witness the restoration of peace.
ref: 1803, John Marshall, The Life of George Washington:
text: In 1825, the first public railway carried passengers across the English countryside, setting in motion not just an engineering revolution, but an industrial one too. Imagine the awe and excitement of those first passengers as they boarded the train, unaware that they were witnessing the dawn of a new era.
ref: 2025 October 1, Richard Evans, “The value of the railway effect”, in RAIL, number 1045, page 58:
glosses: To see or gain knowledge of through experience.
examples: text: Instead, Niebuhr's God was the God witnessed to in the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament, the Bible of the Christian world.
ref: 1998, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, volume 6, "Niebuhr, Reinhold", page 842:
glosses: To present personal religious testimony; to preach at (someone) or on behalf of.
raw_tags: construed with to or for
examples: text: to witness a bond or a deed
glosses: To see the execution of (a legal instrument), and subscribe it for the purpose of establishing its authenticity.
Synonyms: certify
eating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiːtɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈitɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈiɾɪŋ]
rhymes: -iːtɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of eat
eating
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiːtɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈitɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈiɾɪŋ]
rhymes: -iːtɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: eating chickens; eating quails
glosses: Bred to be eaten.
examples: text: Wait! That's not an eating apple.
glosses: Suitable to be eaten without being cooked.
Derived terms: eating apple
eating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈiːtɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈitɪŋ/
ipa: [ˈiɾɪŋ]
rhymes: -iːtɪŋ
Forms: form: eatings
Etymology: From Middle English etynge, from Old English eting.
Senses: examples: text: Arabs consider the eating of mushrooms as an aphrodisiac aid.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 159:
glosses: The act of ingesting food.
examples: text: I remember when we visited Aunt Martha's house, we had some really good eating!
text: These pears are good eating.
glosses: Food; cooking, cuisine.
glosses: The act of corroding or consuming some substance.
Synonyms: sense: ingesting food
word: dining
sense: ingesting food
word: consuming
sense: ingesting food
word: consumption
Derived terms: eating disorder
eating habit
eating house
eating irons
eating psychopathology
emotional eating
fish-eating
intuitive eating
large leaf-eating ladybird
miseating
plant-eating
sin eating
snake-eating cobra
social eating
stress eating
worm-eating warbler
cremains
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɹɪˈmeɪnz/
rhymes: -eɪnz
Etymology: Blend of cremated + remains. Apparently originally a euphemism used by undertakers.
Senses: examples: text: Some people prefer to keep the cremains in their homes in a special place.
ref: 1992, Kathleen Sublette, Martin Flagg, Final Celebrations: A Guide for Personal and Family Funeral Planning, page 52:
text: Paul's cremains arrived by limo service less than an hour before the living room memorial.
ref: 2009, Mugan Sozan Peter Schellin, Rogue Monk: A Memoir about Zen, Disability, and Work, page 93:
text: Because of these remaining bone fragments, the cremains must be pulverized to a grainy powder before any scattering of ashes.
ref: 2010, Norman L. Cantor, After We Die: The Life and Times of the Human Cadaver, page 111:
glosses: Cremated remains of a deceased person.
consuming
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of consume
Derived terms: time-consuming