cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Dublin
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌblən/
ipa: /ˈdʌblɪn/
ipa: /ˈdʊbᵊlən/
Etymology: From Middle Irish Dublind, from dub (“black”) + lind (“pond”).
Senses: glosses: The capital city of Ireland.
glosses: A traditional county of Ireland, now divided into the City of Dublin and three counties; Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin.
glosses: The government of the Republic of Ireland.
glosses: A small town in South Australia.
glosses: A village in the Gomel Region, Belarus.
glosses: A community in the municipality of West Perth, Perth County, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Montgomery County, Alabama.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A city in Alameda County, California.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Lake County, Florida.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A city, the county seat of Laurens County, Georgia.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Jackson Township, Wayne County, Indiana.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Graves County, Kentucky.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Hartford County, Maryland.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A township in Swift County, Minnesota.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A ghost town in Barton County, Missouri.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A former neighborhood in the city of Paterson, New Jersey.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A small town in Bladen County, North Carolina.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A city in Franklin County, Delaware County and Union County, Ohio.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A township in Mercer County, Ohio.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A township in Fulton County, Pennsylvania.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A township in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A city in Erath County, Texas.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Pulaski County, Virginia.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
The former name of Royal, an unincorporated community in Beaufort County, North Carolina.
Derived terms: Dublin Bay prawn
Dublin Castle
Dubliner
Dublin Mean Time
Dublin Regulation
Dublin trout
Edinburgh
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛd.ɪn.bə.ɹə/
ipa: [ˈɛd.n̩.bə.ɹə]
ipa: /ˈɛd.ɪn.bɹə/
enpr: ĕdʹĭn-bŭr-ə
ipa: /ˈɛd.ɪn.bʌɹ.ə/
enpr: ĕdʹən-bŭr-ə
ipa: /ˈɛd.ən.bʌɹ.ə/
enpr: ĕdʹən-bər-ə
ipa: /ˈɛd.ənˌbɝ.ə/
Etymology: From Middle English Edynburgh, from Old Welsh Eidyn, a Celtic/Brythonic region of uncertain origin (possibly a personal name; compare Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“stronghold”)) + Old English burg (“castle, stronghold”). More at Eidyn and Etymology of Edinburgh.
Senses: glosses: The capital city of Scotland.
glosses: A council area of Scotland including the city, one of 32 created in 1996.
glosses: A town in Bartholomew County, Johnson County and Shelby County, Indiana, United States.
glosses: A ghost town in Scioto Township, Delaware County, Ohio, United States.
glosses: A town in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.
glosses: An outer northern suburb of Adelaide in the City of Salisbury, South Australia.
glosses: A royal dukedom.
Derived terms: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas
eupad
eusol
New Edinburgh
Related terms: Edinburg
Florence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈflɒɹəns/
ipa: /ˈfloɹəns/
ipa: /ˈflɑɹɪns/
ipa: /ˈflɔɹəns/
ipa: /ˈflɒɹəns/
ipa: [ˈflɔ̟ɹəns]
rhymes: -ɒɹəns
Forms: form: Florences
Etymology: Borrowed from French Florence, from Latin Flōrentia (as a given name, a feminine form of Flōrentius), from flōrens (“flowering, flourishing”), from flōs (“flower”), connected with English bloom and blossom. Doublet of Firenze.
The female given name gained popularity from Florence Nightingale who was born in the Tuscan city.
Senses: examples: text: he first gold that K. Edw . 3. coyned , was in the yeare 1343 , and the peeces were called Florences because Florentines were the coyners
ref: 1605, M. N. [pseudonym; William Camden], Remaines of a Greater Worke, Concerning Britaine, […], London: […] G[eorge] E[ld] for Simon Waterson, →OCLC:
glosses: An ancient gold coin of the time of Edward III, coined by Florentines and worth six shillings sterling.
glosses: A kind of silk fabric; florentine.
French Guyana
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of French Guiana.
Related terms: Guiana
Guyana
plastic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈplæstɪk/
ipa: [ˈpʰlastɪk]
ipa: /ˈplæstɪk/
ipa: [ˈpʰlæstɪk]
rhymes: -æstɪk
Forms: form: plastics
form: plastick
Etymology: From Latin plasticus (“of molding”), from Ancient Greek πλαστικός (plastikós), from πλάσσω (plássō, “to mold, form”). Doublet of plastique.
Senses: examples: text: Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field. Dr Mincer and Dr Amaral-Zettler found evidence of them on their marine plastic, too.
ref: 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
text: Reducing plastic waste is a crucial problem for today’s environment, and whether it’s recyclable and biodegradable phone cases or sustainable fashion, there are plenty of eco-friendly products that can help you reduce your footprint.
ref: 2020 October 22, Kai Burkhardt, “31 eco-friendly products to live sustainably in 2024”, in CNN:
text: These endocrine disruptors are everywhere: plastics, shampoos, cosmetics, cushions, pesticides, canned foods and A.T.M. receipts. They often aren’t on labels and can be difficult to avoid.
ref: 2021 February 20, Nicholas Kristof, “What Are Sperm Telling Us?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: A synthetic, solid, hydrocarbon-based polymer, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting.
examples: text: I knew the war between cash and credit cards was over and plastic had won, hands down, when even Mickey D's started taking credit and debit cards.
text: It's all about fast cars and cussing each other / but it doesn't matter cause I'm packing plastic / and that's what makes my life so fucking fantastic.
ref: 2008, Lily Allen, The Fear:
glosses: Credit or debit cards used in place of cash to buy goods and services.
examples: text: Cady: You know I couldn't invite you. I had to pretend to be plastic.
Janis: Hey, buddy, you're not pretending anymore. You're plastic. Cold, shiny, hard plastic.
ref: 2004, Rosalind Wiseman, Tina Fey, Mean Girls:
text: Tessa: Pretty ironic that a box full of rubbers landed me to a town full of plastic.
ref: 2011, Emily Kapnek, Suburgatory:
glosses: Insincerity; fakeness; a person who is fake or arrogant, or believes that they are better than the rest of the population; a narcissistic, affected person.
examples: text: Somebody's had a plastic done on his nose, I think, or else somebody bent it out of shape since I last saw it.
ref: 1951, Arnold Hano, The Big Out, page 146:
glosses: An instance of plastic surgery.
glosses: A sculptor, moulder.
glosses: Any solid but malleable substance.
glosses: Synonym of Plastic Paddy.
synonyms: word: Plastic Paddy
Derived terms: bioplastic
black plastic crap
microplastic
nanoplastic
plasticard
pyroplastic
insolent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪn.sə.lənt/
Forms: form: more insolent
form: most insolent
Etymology: PIE word
 *swé
From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin īnsolēns (“unaccustomed, unwanted, unusual, immoderate, excessive, arrogant, insolent”), from in- (privative prefix) + solēns, present participle of solēre (“to be accustomed, to be wont”).
Senses: examples: Near-synonyms: arrogant, bold, cocky
synonyms: impudent
glosses: Insulting in manner or words, particularly in an arrogant or insubordinate manner.
examples: text: Near-synonyms: insubordinate, offensive
text: insolent behaviour
text: insolent child
text: insolent remark
text: “I don't mean all of your friends—only a small proportion—which, however, connects your circle with that deadly, idle, brainless bunch—the insolent chatterers at the opera, the gorged dowagers,[…]the chlorotic squatters on huge yachts, the speed-mad fugitives from the furies of ennui, the neurotic victims of mental cirrhosus,[…]!”
ref: 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter VI, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
synonyms: disrespectful
impertinent
glosses: Rude.
Derived terms: insolently
insolentness
overinsolent
Related terms: insolence
insolency
insolent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪn.sə.lənt/
Forms: form: insolents
Etymology: PIE word
 *swé
From Middle English, from Old French, from Latin īnsolēns (“unaccustomed, unwanted, unusual, immoderate, excessive, arrogant, insolent”), from in- (privative prefix) + solēns, present participle of solēre (“to be accustomed, to be wont”).
Senses: examples: text: What a way do you put yourself in miss! said the insolent.
ref: 1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LXXVIII”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:
text: Diogenes Laertius reports that Diogenes was apt to take the identification with the dog at face value, as when he lifted his leg and relieved himself on a group of young insolents who teased him with a dog's bone […]
ref: 2010, Louisa Shea, The Cynic Enlightenment: Diogenes in the Salon, page 7:
glosses: A person who is insolent.
legerdemain
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌlɛd͡ʒ.ə.dɨˈmeɪn/
ipa: /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.əɹ.dəˌmeɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: legerdemains
Etymology: From Middle English legerdemeyn, lechardemane, from Old French léger de main (literally “light of hand”), a phrase that meant “dexterous, skillful at fooling others (especially through sleights of hand)”, which was however treated as a noun when it was borrowed by late Middle English. The Modern French descendant léger de main of the Old French phrase is archaic but still sometimes found in older literature and simply means “skillful” without any connotation of sleight of hand.
Senses: examples: text: For he in slights and jugling feates did flow, / And of legierdemayne the mysteries did know.
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
text: […] A deliberate man with infinite resources of patience, he was content to progress by easy stages toward the millennium. Some private legerdemain must have reconciled him to the "practical" methods that were employed. […]
ref: 1959, Margaret Leech, “Champion of Protection”, in In the Days of McKinley, New York: Harper & Brothers, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 35–36:
text: Chief Justice Roberts does more or less the same thing in dissent: He practices intentions-and-expectations originalism while randomly sprinkling some public-meaning originalism fairy dust over his description of his enterprise, perhaps in the subconscious hope that no one will notice the legerdemain.
ref: 2021 March 8, Michael C. Dorf, “Old-School Intentions-and-Expectations Originalism in the Nominal Damages Case”, in Dorf on Law:
synonyms: prestidigitation
sleight of hand
glosses: Sleight of hand; "magic" trickery.
examples: text: Certainly, that they are to this day so rife in Italy and Spain, and so scant in Britain, is a shrewd ground to apprehend Legerdemain, and forgery, in the accounts we get of their later Saints.
ref: 1673, Gilbert Burnet, The mystery of iniquity unvailed, London, page 128:
text: Most of the time, no one really seems to notice that presentist legerdemain, perhaps because so few of us actually remember the experience of 2020 all that clearly and are clinging to hastily imposed narratives instead.
ref: 2023 March 17, David Wallace-Wells, “America Has Decided It Went Overboard on Covid-19”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: A show of skill or deceitful ability.
Derived terms: legerdemainist
onomatopoeia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɒnəˌmætəˈpiːə/
ipa: /ˌɒnəˌmɛtəˈpæɪə/
enpr: än'ə-măt'ə-pēʹə or än'ə-mät'ə-pēʹə
ipa: /ˌɑnəˌmætəˈpiːə/
ipa: /ˌɑnəˌmɑtəˈpiːə/
note: US, chiefly Midwestern
ipa: /ˌɑnəˌmɑnəˈpiːə/
rhymes: -iːə
Forms: form: onomatopoeias
form: onomatopoeiae
form: onomatopeia
form: onomatopœia
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin onomatopoeïa, from Ancient Greek ὀνοματοποιία (onomatopoiía, “the coining of a word in imitation of a sound”), from ὀνοματοποιέω (onomatopoiéō, “to coin names”), from ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”) + ποιέω (poiéō, “to make, to do, to produce”).
Senses: examples: text: A woorde making called of the Grecians Onomatapoia, is when wee make wordes of our owne minde, such as bee derived from the nature of things.
ref: 1553, Thomas Wilson, Desiderius Erasmus, Arte of Rhetorique, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1909:
glosses: The property of a word that sounds like what it represents.
glosses: A word that sounds like what it represents, such as "gurgle", "stutter", or "hiss".
glosses: A word that sounds like what it represents, such as "gurgle", "stutter", or "hiss".
A word that appropriates a sound for another sensation or a perceived nature, such as "thud", "beep", or "meow"; an ideophone, phenomime.
glosses: The use of language whose sound imitates that which it names.
Synonyms: sense: instance
word: onomatope
sense: instance
word: phonomime
sense: process or state
word: echoism
sense: process or state
word: imitative harmony
sense: process or state
word: mimesis
sense: process or state
word: phonomimesis
sense: process or state
word: sound symbolism
Derived terms: onomatopoetry
Related terms: onomatope
onomatopoeial
onomatopoeian
onomatopoeic
onomatopoeious
onomatopoetic
onomatopoetical
onomatopoetically
ideophone
Wiktionary's category of English onomatopoeias
railroad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/
ipa: /ˈɹeɪɹoʊd/
ipa: /ˈɹeɪlɹəʊd/
rhymes: -eɪlɹoʊd
rhymes: -eɪlɹəʊd
Forms: form: railroads
Etymology: From rail + road.
Senses: examples: text: Many railroads roughly follow the trace of older land or water roads.
glosses: A permanent track consisting of fixed metal rails to drive trains or similar motorized vehicles on.
glosses: The transportation system comprising such tracks and vehicles fitted to travel on the rails, usually with several vehicles connected together in a train.
examples: text: Railroads can only compete fully if their tracks are technically compatible with and linked to each other.
glosses: A single, privately or publicly owned property comprising one or more such tracks and usually associated assets
examples: text: The lawyers made the procedure a railroad to get the signatures they needed.
text: Gregory Scroggins, a PWA [person with AIDS] in Georgia who was found guilty of assault with intent to commit murder for biting a cop during arrest. It took only three days in October of 1989 to charge, try, convict and sentence Scroggins, who is now serving a 10-year sentence and has been denied bail (and medical treatment) pending appeal. […] Judy Siff of ACT/UP/Atlanta told GCN that Scroggins' case was a "railroad" of unbelievable proportions.
ref: 1990 April 28, Jennie McKnight, “Is Saliva A Murder Weapon?”, in Gay Community News, page 6:
glosses: A procedure conducted in haste without due consideration.
Synonyms: word: railway
raw_tags: of Nations
Derived terms: granger railroad
logging railroad
railroad car
Railroad City
railroad crossing
railroad diagram
railroad disease
railroad engineer
railroad flat
railroad gun
railroad line
railroad sickness
railroad spike
railroad station
railroad switch
railroad tie
railroad track
railroad tramp
railroad truck
railroad worm
R.R.
underground railroad
way to run a railroad
gear
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪə/
enpr: gîr
ipa: /ɡɪɚ/
ipa: /ɡiə/
ipa: /ɡiːɹ/
note: East Anglia, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /ɡɛː/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: gears
form: gearing
form: geared
form: geared
Etymology: From Middle English gere, a borrowing from Old Norse gervi, from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną (“to prepare”). See also adjective yare, yar from the same root via Old English.
Senses: topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To provide with gearing; to fit with gears in order to achieve a desired gear ratio.
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To be in gear, come into gear.
glosses: To dress; to put gear on; to harness.
examples: text: This shop is not really geared towards people of our age.
text: They have geared the hotel mainly at tourists.
glosses: To design or devise (something) so as to be suitable (for a particular type of person or a particular purpose).
raw_tags: with to or toward(s)
topics: business
finance
glosses: To borrow money in order to invest it in assets.
Derived terms: gear to
gear towards
gear up
regear
re-gear
gear
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɪə/
enpr: gîr
ipa: /ɡɪɚ/
ipa: /ɡiə/
ipa: /ɡiːɹ/
note: East Anglia, cheer–chair merger
ipa: /ɡɛː/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: more gear
form: most gear
Etymology: From Middle English gere, a borrowing from Old Norse gervi, from Proto-Germanic *garwijaną (“to prepare”). See also adjective yare, yar from the same root via Old English.
Senses: qualifier: chiefly Liverpool
glosses: great or fantastic
polymath
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒlɪmæθ/
ipa: /ˈpɑliˌmæθ/
ipa: /ˈpɑlɪmæθ/
Forms: form: polymaths
form: polumathe
form: polymathe
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πολυμαθής (polumathḗs, “having learnt much”), first attested in 1624. From πολύς (polús, “much”) (for more, see poly-) + μανθάνω (manthánō, “to learn”). Compare opsimath, philomath, polyhistor, polymathic, polymathist, and polymathy.
Senses: examples: text: To be thought and held Polumathes and Polihistors.
ref: 1624, Robert Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy (2ⁿᵈ edn.), p.6
text: A bit of a polymath, he was crucial in the early development of the railways in this country.
ref: 2021 December 29, Stephen Roberts, “Stories and facts behind railway plaques”, in RAIL, number 947, page 56:
synonyms: polyhistor
Renaissance man
coordinate_terms: automath
monomath
opsimath
glosses: A person with extraordinarily broad and comprehensive knowledge.
Coordinate terms: factotum
handyman
jack of all trades
sciolist
Derived terms: polymathic
Related terms: automath
polymathy
polymathist
bar
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɑː/
enpr: bär
ipa: /bɑɹ/
ipa: [bɑɹ]
ipa: [bɑ˞]
ipa: /baː/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
homophone: baa
homophone: bah stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: bars
form: barring
form: barred
form: barred
Etymology: From Middle English barren, from Old French barrer, from Medieval Latin barrare (“to bar”), from the noun. Cognate to Occitan barrar, Spanish barrar, Portuguese barrar.
Preposition properly imperative of the verb. Compare barring.
Senses: examples: text: Our way was barred by a huge rockfall.
text: 'One kiss, my bonny sweetheart, I'm after a prize to-night, / But I shall be back with the yellow gold before the morning light; / Yet, if they press me sharply, and harry me through the day, / Then look for me by moonlight, / Watch for me by moonlight, / I'll come to thee by moonlight, though Hell should bar the way.'
ref: 1906 August, Alfred Noyes, “The Highwayman”, in Poems, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 1, stanza V, page 47:
glosses: To obstruct the passage of (someone or something).
examples: text: I couldn't get into the nightclub because I had been barred.
glosses: To prohibit.
examples: text: to bar the door
glosses: To lock or bolt with a bar.
examples: text: I lived in a hut in the yard. To be out of the chaos I would sometimes get into the accountant’s office. It was built of horizontal planks, and so badly put together that, as he bent over his high desk, he was barred from neck to heels with narrow strips of sunlight.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 208, column 1:
glosses: To imprint or paint with bars, to stripe.
Synonyms: sense: obstruct
word: block
sense: obstruct
word: hinder
sense: obstruct
word: obstruct
sense: prohibit
word: ban
sense: prohibit
word: interdict
sense: prohibit
word: prohibit
Derived terms: bar down
barrable
outbar
unbar
bar
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɑː/
enpr: bär
ipa: /bɑɹ/
ipa: [bɑɹ]
ipa: [bɑ˞]
ipa: /baː/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
homophone: baa
homophone: bah stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Etymology: From Middle English barren, from Old French barrer, from Medieval Latin barrare (“to bar”), from the noun. Cognate to Occitan barrar, Spanish barrar, Portuguese barrar.
Preposition properly imperative of the verb. Compare barring.
Senses: examples: text: He invited everyone to his wedding bar his ex-wife.
text: "I might be a fool," the younger man admitted quietly, "even an idiot, but there's not a person living, bar you, who possess the courage to call me a weakling, Sir."
ref: 1936, F.J. Thwaites, chapter I, in The Redemption, Sydney: H. John Edwards, page 5:
text: These see the overhead wires installed on all bar the slow lines between Bedford and Wellingborough by next May, with the remaining section completed by August, when the full programme is due to be completed.
ref: 2019 October, Philip Sherratt, “Midland Main Line upgrade presses on”, in Modern Railways, page 62:
synonyms: word: apart from
word: barring
word: except for
word: excepting
word: excluding
word: other than
word: save
word: apart
word: apart from
word: aside from
word: bar
word: barring
word: besides
word: but
word: but for
word: except
word: except for
word: excepting
word: excluding
word: forby
word: modulo
word: not counting
word: other than
word: outtake
word: save
word: save for
word: saving
word: with the exception of
glosses: Except, other than, besides.
examples: text: Leg At Each Corner is at 3/1, Lost My Shirt 5/1, and it's 10/1 bar.
topics: hobbies
horse-racing
horseracing
horses
lifestyle
pets
racing
sports
glosses: Denotes the minimum odds offered on other horses not mentioned by name.
Derived terms: bar none
all over bar the shouting
bar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɑː/
enpr: bär
ipa: /bɑɹ/
ipa: [bɑɹ]
ipa: [bɑ˞]
ipa: /baː/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
homophone: baa
homophone: bah stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: bars
Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek βάρος (báros, “weight”), coined circa 1900.
Senses: glosses: A non-SI unit of pressure equal to 100,000 pascals, slightly less than atmospheric pressure at sea level.
Synonyms: ㍴
Derived terms: allobar
baric
centibar
decibar
kilobar
megabar
microbar
millibar
nanobar
picobar
Related terms: isobar
sail
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /seɪl/
ipa: [seɪɫ]
rhymes: -eɪl
homophone: sale
Forms: form: sails
form: sailing
form: sailed
form: sailed
Etymology: From Middle English sailen, saylen, seilen, seilien, from Old English seġlan, siġlan (“to sail”), from Proto-West Germanic *siglijan, from *siglijaną. Cognate with West Frisian sile, Low German seilen, Dutch zeilen, German segeln, Danish sejle, Swedish segla, Icelandic sigla.
Senses: examples: text: Fair ship, that from the Italian shore,
⁠Sailest the placid ocean-plains
⁠With my lost Arthur’s loved remains,
Spread thy full wings, and waft him o’er.
ref: 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto IX”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To be impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship on water; to be impelled on a body of water by steam or other power.
glosses: To move through or on the water; to swim, as a fish or a waterfowl.
glosses: To ride in a boat, especially a sailboat.
examples: text: We sail for Australia tomorrow.
glosses: To set sail; to begin a voyage.
examples: text: As is a winged messenger of heaven, […] / When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds, / And sails upon the bosom of the air.
ref: c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
text: [flavor text of the card "Spirit of the Winds"] A spirit of the wind that freely sails the skies.
ref: 2002 March 20, Kazuki Takahashi, Yu-Gi-Oh! Forbidden Memories (PlayStation video game, North American version), Konami:
text: A hopeful ball from Forest right-back Brendan Moloney to the left edge of the area was met first by Ruddy but his attempted clearance rebounded off Tyson's leg and sailed in.
ref: 2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: To move briskly and gracefully through the air.
examples: text: The duchess sailed haughtily out of the room.
glosses: To move briskly but sedately.
examples: text: He would sit his hat across the room, and we would sail cards into it.
ref: 2007, Johnny Hughes, Texas Poker Wisdom, page 22:
topics: card-games
games
glosses: To deal out (cards) from a distance by impelling them across a surface.
Derived terms: sail by
sail close to the wind
sail on another board
sail the Red Sea
sail through
sail under false colors
that ship has already sailed
that ship has sailed
hallowed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhæləʊd/
ipa: /ˈhæloʊd/
rhymes: -æloʊd
homophone: halloed
Forms: form: more hallowed
form: most hallowed
Etymology: From Middle English halwed (“hallowed, sacred, sanctified”), from Old English ġehālgod (“hallowed, sacred, sanctified”), past participle of hālgian (“to hallow, make holy”). Equivalent to hallow + -ed. More at hallow.
Senses: examples: text: When ye praye / ſaye: Oure father which arte in hevẽ / halowed be thy name.
ref: 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Luke xj:[2], folio xciij, verso:
glosses: Consecrated or sanctified; sacred, holy.
Derived terms: enhallowed
hallowedly
hallowedness
mishallowed
unhallowed
hallowed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhæləʊd/
ipa: /ˈhæloʊd/
rhymes: -æloʊd
homophone: halloed
Etymology: From Middle English halwed (“hallowed, sacred, sanctified”), from Old English ġehālgod (“hallowed, sacred, sanctified”), past participle of hālgian (“to hallow, make holy”). Equivalent to hallow + -ed. More at hallow.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of hallow
obtuse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əbˈtjuːs/
ipa: /-ˈtʃuːs/
ipa: /əbˈt(j)us/
ipa: /ɑb-/
rhymes: -uːs
Forms: form: obtuses
form: obtusing
form: obtused
form: obtused
Etymology: From Middle English obtuse, from Latin obtūsus (“blunt, dull; obtuse”), past participle of obtundere, from obtundō (“to batter, beat, strike; to blunt, dull”), from ob- (“against”) (see ob-) + tundō (“to beat, strike; to bruise, crush, pound”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd-, from *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)). More at obtund.
Senses: examples: text: Fouler. To tread, ſtampe, or trample on; to bruiſe, or cruſh, by ſtamping; hurt, or obtuſe, by treading on; […]
ref: 1611, Randle Cotgrave, compiler, “Fouler”, in A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, signature Qq ij, verso, column 2:
text: The general effect of even a weak infusion of coca leaves is a pleasant irritability and sleeplessness. A stronger infusion keeps hunger away, prevents loss of breath in ascending mountains, dilates the pupil, and obtuses the sensibility to the air.
ref: 1861 August, “[Miscellaneous.] Coca”, in The United States Journal of Homœopathy, volume II, New York, N.Y.: C. T. Hurlburt, No. 437 Broome Street, →OCLC, page 549:
text: [Gustav von] Bunge […] claims that its [alcohol's] primary action is that of a depressant, and that its apparent good effects are simply due to the obtusing influence upon physical and mental suffering. But this is scarcely a correct assumption, as there are individuals in whom the smallest doses produce palpitation of the heart, throbbing of the carotids, and great mental activity. He also claims that alcohol does not produce renewed vigor in tired individuals, but simply obtuses this feeling of exhaustion.
ref: 1900 July 13, George M. Kober, “Shall Alcohol be Considered as a Food?”, in Landon B. Edwards, Charles M. Edwards, editors, Virginia Medical Semi-monthly (Richmond), volume V, number 7 (103 overall), Richmond, Va.: J. W. Fergusson & Son, printers [for the Medical Society of Virginia], published 1901, →OCLC, page 205, column 1:
text: The American avidity for "action" has evidently obtused the perceptions of habitual theatre-goers to all nuances of feeling, and therefore, the harmless romancings of the elderly estranged couple, Mr. and Mrs. Arvik, are interpreted as covering unspeakable iniquities that only exist in the minds of the critics.
ref: 1916, Henry Goddard Leach, editor, The American-Scandinavian Review, volume 4, New York, N.Y.: The American-Scandinavian Foundation, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 51:
glosses: To dull or reduce an emotion or a physical state.
complementary angle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: complementary angles
Senses: examples: text: Angle A is 40°, and its complementary angle, B, is 50°.
topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: An angle that, when added to another referenced angle, produces a right angle.
Related terms: supplementary angle
pyramid
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪɹəmɪd/
note: Indic
ipa: /p(ɪ)rəˈmɪɖ/
Forms: form: pyramids
form: pyramiding
form: pyramided
form: pyramided
form: piramis
form: pyramis
Etymology: From French pyramide, from Old French piramide, from Latin pȳramis, pȳramidis, from Ancient Greek πῡραμίς (pūramís), possibly from πῡρός (pūrós, “wheat”) + ἀμάω (amáō, “reap”) or from Egyptian pr-m-ws (“height of a pyramid”), from pr (“(one that) comes forth”) + m (“from”) + ws (“height”). Schenkel and K. Lang proposed hypothetical Coptic *ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙ (*piram) or *ⲫⲣⲁⲙ (*phram) derived from Egyptian mr via metathesis as a source of πῡραμίς (pūramís) while Schenkel also suggested it being the source of Arabic هَرَم (haram) although the latter is considered far-fetched by Takacs.
Senses: examples: text: The paint was stacked in neatly pyramided lots along the concrete floor.
ref: 1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Penguin Books (2014), page 198:
text: Once there was an enormous jukebox; the then-Harlettes (her three-woman back-up vocalists/dancers/mimes) pyramided to drop a huge coin, and around the bend of the big record would spin the diva.
ref: 1983 April 9, Walta Borawski, “Midler in Boston”, in Gay Community News, page 12:
glosses: To build up or be arranged in the form of a pyramid.
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: To combine (a series of genes) into a single genotype.
glosses: To employ, or take part in, a pyramid scheme.
examples: text: Multiply this by the number of shares you traded, and add other positions if you pyramided.
ref: 2002, Alexander Elder, Come Into My Trading Room: A Complete Guide to Trading, page 152:
topics: business
finance
glosses: To engage in pyramid trading.
glosses: To increase to or towards a peak.
Derived terms: pyramid down
pyramid up
illicit
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈlɪsɪt/
rhymes: -ɪsɪt
homophone: elicit
Forms: form: more illicit
form: most illicit
Etymology: Borrowed from French illicite, from Latin illicitus, from in- (“not”) + licitus (“allowed, permitted”), from licet (“it is allowed”). By surface analysis, il- + licit.
Senses: examples: text: The bigamous marriage, while illicit, was not invalid.
text: Such migrants may violate our laws against illicit entry, but if that's all they do then they are trespassers, not criminals.
ref: 2008 January 8, Madeleine Albright, Memo to the President Elect: How We Can Restore America's Reputation and Leadership, New York: HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OL, page 225:
topics: law
glosses: Not approved by law, but not invalid.
examples: text: I only can properly enjoy carol services if I am having an illicit affair with someone in the congregation.
ref: 1993, Alan Clark, Diaries: In Power 1983-1992, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, →ISBN, →OL:
glosses: Breaking social norms.
examples: text: Ayşe Erkoç learned long ago that the secret of doing anything illicit in Istanbul is to do it in full public gaze in the clear light of day. No one ever questions the legitimacy of the blatant.
ref: 2010 July 29, Ian McDonald, The Dervish House, →ISBN, →OL:
glosses: Unlawful.
Synonyms: criminal
illegal
illegitimate
prohibited
unlawful
Derived terms: illicit darkness
illicitly
illicitness
Related terms: alt: soundalike
word: elicit
illicit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈlɪsɪt/
rhymes: -ɪsɪt
homophone: elicit
Forms: form: illicits
Etymology: Borrowed from French illicite, from Latin illicitus, from in- (“not”) + licitus (“allowed, permitted”), from licet (“it is allowed”). By surface analysis, il- + licit.
Senses: examples: text: A large number of studies, however, have reported that it is rare for the user of 'hard' drugs not to have initiated cannabis use prior to the other illicits.
ref: 2011, Shane Darke, The Life of the Heroin User: Typical Beginnings, Trajectories and Outcomes:
glosses: A banned or unlawful item.
pyramid scheme
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pyramid schemes
Senses: glosses: An illicit money-making investment scheme whereby early investors are paid primarily or wholly by later investors. Eventually all such schemes fail to the detriment of recent (later) investors.
Coordinate terms: Ponzi scheme
detriment
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɛtɹɪmənt/
Forms: form: detriments
form: detrimenting
form: detrimented
form: detrimented
Etymology: From Old French detriement, from Latin detrimentum (“loss, damage, literally a rubbing off”), from dēterere (“to rub off, wear”), from dē- (“down, away”) + terere (“to rub”).
Detriment is based off the word deter, and built on similar foundations to the word impediment.
Senses: glosses: To be detrimental to; to harm or mar.
Glasgow
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡlaz.ɡo/
note: dialectally/locally
ipa: /ˈɡlez.ɡə/
ipa: /ˈɡles.kə/
ipa: /ˈɡlɑːz.ɡəʊ/
ipa: /ˈɡlæz-/
ipa: /ˈɡlɑːs-/
ipa: /ˈɡlæs-/
ipa: /ˈɡlæs.ɡoʊ/
ipa: /ˈɡlæz.ɡəʉ/
ipa: /ˈɡlɐːz.ɡəʉ/
ipa: /ˈɡlɛz.ɡɐʉ/
ipa: /ˈɡlɐːz.ɡɐʉ/
rhymes: -æzɡəʊ
Etymology: From Cumbric *glas gow, from Proto-Brythonic *glas (“green”) + *kėw (“hollow”) (for this element see Irish cuas (“hollow”), Welsh cau (“hollow”)); usually romantically translated as "the dear green place." Compare modern Scottish Gaelic Glaschu.
Senses: examples: text: up to Glasgow
text: Central Glasgow is beautiful. Glasgow Central is also beautiful. Opened by the Caledonian Railway in 1879, it was rebuilt in the Edwardian era to a design by Robert Rowand Anderson.
ref: 2023 February 8, Greg Morse, “Crossing the border... by Sleeper”, in RAIL, number 976, page 40:
glosses: A major city and council area of Scotland, largest city in Scotland.
glosses: A community in the Regional Municipality of Durham, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A community in the town of Caledon, Regional Municipality of Peel, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A settlement in Nickerie district, Suriname.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A ghost town in San Bernardino County, California.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A census-designated place in New Castle County, Delaware.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Thomas County, Georgia.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A village in Scott County, Illinois.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A ghost town in Black Hawk County, Iowa.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A home rule city, the county seat of Barren County, Kentucky.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A township in Wabasha County, Minnesota.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A minor city in Howard County and Chariton County, Missouri.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A minor city, the county seat of Valley County, Montana.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Columbiana County, Ohio.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Tuscarawas County, Ohio.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
An unincorporated community and census-designated place in Coos County, Oregon.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A tiny borough in Beaver County, Pennsylvania.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A town in Rockbridge County, Virginia.
glosses: A number of places in the United States:
A small town in Kanawha County, West Virginia.
Derived terms: Glasgow effect
Glasgow Green
Glasgow kiss
Glasgow oyster
Glasgow patter
Glasgow salad
Glasgow smile
New Glasgow
Port Glasgow
Related terms: Glaswegian
Ponzi scheme
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Ponzi schemes
Etymology: Named after con artist Charles Ponzi (1882–1949), who famously conducted a pyramid scheme in North America in the 1920s.
Senses: examples: text: Bernard L. Madoff, the one-time senior statesman of Wall Street who in 2008 became the human face of an era of financial misdeeds and missteps for running the largest and possibly most devastating Ponzi scheme in financial history, died on Wednesday at the Federal Medical Center in Butner, N.C. He was 82.
ref: 2021 April 14, Diana B. Henriques, “Bernard Madoff, Architect of Largest Ponzi Scheme in History, Is Dead at 82”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Now, a long-running Ponzi scheme requires a narrative — and the narrative is where crypto really excels.
ref: 2021 May 20, Paul Krugman, “Technobabble, Libertarian Derp and Bitcoin”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
synonyms: Ponzi scam
coordinate_terms: pyramid scheme
glosses: A fraudulent scheme where earlier investors are paid with the money taken from new investors, giving the impression that the scheme is a viable investment.
Guernsey
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɜːnzi/
ipa: /ˈɡɝnzi/
ipa: /ˈɡɛrnze/
ipa: /ˈɡɛrnzɪ/
ipa: /ˈɡɛrnzi/
ipa: /ˈɡøːnzi/
note: Liverpool, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ˈɡeːnzi/
note: Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ˈɡɛːnzi/
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman, from Old Norse, compound of Grani (“Grani's”) and ey (“island”). Folk etymology points to a dialectal root for green.
Senses: glosses: An island, the second-largest of the Channel Islands.
glosses: An unincorporated community in California.
glosses: A city in Iowa.
glosses: A hamlet in Saskatchewan, Canada.
glosses: A town in Wyoming.
Derived terms: Guernsey County
Guernsey elm
Guernsey
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɜːnzi/
ipa: /ˈɡɝnzi/
ipa: /ˈɡɛrnze/
ipa: /ˈɡɛrnzɪ/
ipa: /ˈɡɛrnzi/
ipa: /ˈɡøːnzi/
note: Liverpool, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ˈɡeːnzi/
note: Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ˈɡɛːnzi/
Forms: form: Guernseys
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman, from Old Norse, compound of Grani (“Grani's”) and ey (“island”). Folk etymology points to a dialectal root for green.
Senses: glosses: A cow of a breed of dairy cattle originally bred in Guernsey.
glosses: A knitted fisherman’s sweater of a type made on the island.
glosses: A long-sleeved shirt worn by sportsmen, especially in rugby codes (historically).
glosses: A team-liveried shirt; a jersey.
glosses: Selection or election to a position.
rectangular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/
ipa: /ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjʊlə/
Forms: form: more rectangular
form: most rectangular
Senses: glosses: Having a shape like a rectangle.
glosses: Having axes that meet each other with right angles.
Derived terms: birectangular
equirectangular
hyperrectangular
nonrectangular
rectangular coordinates
rectangular cuboid
rectangular hyperbola
rectangularity
rectangularization
rectangularly
rectangularness
rectangular number
rectangularwise
sub-rectangular
subrectangular
trirectangular
The Hague
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðə ˈhæɡ/
ipa: /ðə ˈheɪɡ/
Forms: form: the Hague
Etymology: From the French translation (confused with La Hague) of Dutch Den Haag, short form of 's-Gravenhage, from Middle Dutch des Graven hage (1400s), literally, "the Count's hedge[-enclosed hunting grounds]",
Senses: glosses: A city, the capital of South Holland, Netherlands; the administrative capital of the Netherlands.
glosses: A municipality of South Holland, Netherlands.
glosses: The International Criminal Court or International Court of Justice.
Derived terms: The Hague Invasion Act
Related terms: Hagenaar
haw
hedge
The Hague
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðə ˈhæɡ/
ipa: /ðə ˈheɪɡ/
Forms: form: the Hague
Etymology: From the French translation (confused with La Hague) of Dutch Den Haag, short form of 's-Gravenhage, from Middle Dutch des Graven hage (1400s), literally, "the Count's hedge[-enclosed hunting grounds]",
Senses: examples: text: Those men deserve The Hague for what they did.
glosses: A conviction and/or punishment for crimes against humanity or war crimes delivered by the International Criminal Court.
glosses: A conviction and/or punishment for a destructive, harmful or immoral act.
Havana
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /həˈvænə/
rhymes: -ænə
Forms: form: Havanna
form: Havannah
Etymology: From Spanish La Habana, from Habaguanex, the native American chief (Cacique) who controlled the area, from Taíno sabana ("savanna"), with the h perhaps being an anthroponymic inflection.
Senses: glosses: The capital city of Cuba.
glosses: A city, the county seat of Mason County, Illinois, United States.
glosses: A minor city in Montgomery County, Kansas, United States.
Derived terms: Havanan
Havanese
Little Havana
Havana
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /həˈvænə/
rhymes: -ænə
Forms: form: Havanas
form: Havanna
form: Havannah
Etymology: From Spanish La Habana, from Habaguanex, the native American chief (Cacique) who controlled the area, from Taíno sabana ("savanna"), with the h perhaps being an anthroponymic inflection.
Senses: examples: text: Having indicated an arm-chair to me and placed my refreshment near it, he handed me a long, smooth Havana.
ref: 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
glosses: A type of large cigar produced in Cuba.
Helsinki
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /hɛlˈsɪŋ.ki/
enpr: hělʹsǐngʹkē
Etymology: Borrowed from Finnish Helsinki.
Senses: examples: text: My doctors didn't want me to go to Helsinki, but staying home wasn't an option. Yeltsin had been reelected and NATO was about to vote to admit Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic; we had to have an agreement on how to proceed.
ref: 2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 376–377:
text: There’s a YIMBY group in Somerville, Massachusetts, and one in Los Angeles; there’s a San Francisco YIMBY party and a YIMBY group in Portland. YIMBYtown, a national conference, will take place in Oakland this month; Helsinki is hosting Yimbycon in August.
ref: 2017 July 5, Alana Semuels, “From 'Not in My Backyard' to 'Yes in My Backyard'”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 17 Aug 2017:
synonyms: word: Helsingfors
glosses: The capital city of Finland; a municipality, the capital of the region of Uusimaa, Finland.
Derived terms: Helsinkian
Honolulu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌhoʊ.nəˈluː.luː/
ipa: /ˌhɒn.əˈluː.luː/
rhymes: -uːlu
Etymology: From Hawaiian Honolulu, from hono (“bay, harbor” – cognate with Maori whanga) + lulu (“shelter” – cognate with Maori ruru); see also toponym Whangaruru in North Island, New Zealand.
Senses: glosses: A port on Oahu Island, the capital city of the state of Hawaii in the United States of America.
Derived terms: City and County of Honolulu
Honolulu Time
accoutre
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkuːtə/
enpr: ac-cou*tre
Forms: form: accoutres
form: accoutring
form: accoutred
form: accoutred
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of accouter.
Derived terms: accoutrement
accoutrements
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of accoutrement
negro
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈniɡɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˈnɪɡɹoʊ/
ipa: /ˈnɪɡɹə/
ipa: /ˈniːɡɹəʊ/
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish and Portuguese negro (“black”), from Latin nigrum (“shiny black”), of uncertain origin, but possibly from Proto-Indo-European *negʷ- (“bare; night”). Doublet of noir.
Senses: examples: text: Recently, on a wintry Sunday, some 2,500 white Chicago area residents embarked on a strange safari across the city, determined to do what most of them had never done before—visit a Negro home. Eager to purge themselves of ignorance about the city's "other half," they were participants in Interracial Home Visit Day, a "Coffee Klatsch" co-sponsored by local Catholic, Jewish and Protestant groups in an effort to eliminate racial bigotry and hate.
ref: 1963 April, “Anti-bias Coffee Klatsch: Windy City Interfaith Project Fights Bigotry with Coffee, Cookies and Conversation”, in Ebony, volume XVIII, number 6, Chicago, Ill.: Johnson Publishing Company, →ISSN, page 67:
glosses: Relating to a black ethnicity.
glosses: Black or dark brown in color.
Related terms: negress
negritude
negroid