cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
bye
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: ipa: /baɪ/
homophone: bi
homophone: buy
homophone: by
note: Indic
ipa: /bɑj/
homophone: bhai (without aspiration)
homophone: boy (father-bother merger)
Etymology: Alternative forms.
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of by.
bye
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /baɪ/
homophone: bi
homophone: buy
homophone: by
note: Indic
ipa: /bɑj/
homophone: bhai (without aspiration)
homophone: boy (father-bother merger)
Etymology: Alternative forms.
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of bee.
Related terms: beddy-bye
sleepy-bye
perimeter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/
ipa: [pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.ɾɚ]
ipa: [pəˈɹɪm.ɪ.ɾə(ɹ)]
ipa: /ˈpɹɪm.ɪ.tə(ɹ)/
note: Indic
ipa: /pɛɾi.miʈə(r)/
Forms: form: perimeters
Etymology: From Latin perimetros, Ancient Greek περίμετρος (perímetros). Equivalent to peri- + meter.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The sum of the distance of all the lengths of the sides of an object.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The length of such a boundary.
examples: text: In 1977, Papa Wemba decided to change the name of his housing tract, in the outskirts of Kinshasa, to Village Molokai,² of which he declared himself traditional chief. Then, within this perimeter, he advocated a clothing style that featured, among its distinctions, a beret, and that went along with a way of walking, talking, and behaving toward others.
ref: 2002, Frank Tenaille, translated by Steven Toussaint and Hope Sandrine, Music Is the Weapon of the Future: Fifty Years of African Popular Music, Chicago, IL: Lawrence Hill Books, →ISBN, page 182:
synonyms: circumference
glosses: The outer limits of an area.
glosses: A fortified strip or boundary usually protecting a military position.
glosses: An instrument for determining the extent and shape of the field of vision.
Synonyms: topics: mathematics
sciences
word: circumference
sense: given grounds
word: premises
Derived terms: deperimeterization
isoperimeter
microperimeter
perimeter check
perimeter fence
perimeterless
perimetrically
perimetric
perimetrical
semiperimeter
penalize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpiː.nəl.aɪz/
ipa: /ˈpɛn.əl.aɪz/
Forms: form: penalizes
form: penalizing
form: penalized
form: penalized
form: penalise
Etymology: From penal + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: Women should not be penalized or forced out of the workplace simply because they become pregnant. UPS, in fact, has come around to that position. It now offers light-duty accommodations to pregnant women who need them.
ref: 2014 December 3, Editorial Board, “Supreme Court should affirm the rights of pregnant workers”, in The Los Angeles Times:
text: Ready for another term? Try vindictive protectiveness. In essence, in the name of emotional wellbeing, students can eliminate anything they do not want to think about, read about, or be challenged about. And penalize those who would expose them to it. How? In the name of "offense".
ref: 2017, James Emery White, Meet Generation Z:
text: But as Bumble’s head of public policy for the Americas, Mrs. Iheme, 43, has found a cause that synthesizes her past experiences, varied as they are. She is leading an effort across several states to pass legislation that penalizes “cyberflashing.”
ref: 2022 June 13, Valeriya Safronova, “The Fight to End ‘Cyberflashing’”, in The New York Times:
text: In a joint move with several U.S. agencies, the State Department announced that it was penalizing 10 Iranians, including the three men, along with two entities for “conducting malicious cyberacts, including ransomware activity,” according to a statement.
ref: 2022 September 14, Glenn Thrush, “U.S. Charges 3 Iranians in Broad Hacking Scheme”, in The New York Times:
glosses: To subject to a penalty, especially for the infringement of a rule or regulation.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: To impose a handicap on.
Derived terms: depenalize
overpenalize
penalizable
penalizer
underpenalize
Related terms: penal
penalization
penalty
frontal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.təl/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/
rhymes: -ʌntəl
rhymes: -ʌnəl
Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin frontālis, from frons (“the forehead, brow, front”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent to front + -al; cognate of French frontal. Doublet of frontalis.
Senses: glosses: Of, relating to, directed toward, or situated at the front.
examples: text: a frontal attack
glosses: Of, relating to, directed toward, or situated at the front.
Directed against the front or at the main point or issue.
synonyms: direct
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Of or relating to the forehead or frontal bone.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Parallel to the main axis of the body and at right angles to the sagittal plane.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any of the scales of a reptile that lie in the general region of the forehead, more specifically between the eyes and to the anterior of this area.
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: Of or relating to a weather front.
Coordinate terms: sense: about nudity
word: backal
word: sidal
Derived terms: abfrontal
anterofrontal
bifrontal
centrofrontal
cingulofrontal
dorsofrontal
ethmofrontal
ethmoidofrontal
frontal artery
frontal bone
frontal eminence
frontality
frontalization
frontalize
frontal lobe
frontal lobeless
frontally
frontalmost
frontal nerve
frontal nudity
frontaloccipital
frontal plane
frontal point
frontal process
frontal sinus
frontal wedgie
fronto-
frontofrontal
full-frontal
hyperfrontal
hypofrontal
inferofrontal
interfrontal
intrafrontal
laterofrontal
mediofrontal
mesiofrontal
mesofrontal
midfrontal
midorbitofrontal
multifrontal
nasofrontal
occipitofrontal
orbitofrontal
palpebrofrontal
parafrontal
parietofrontal
posterofrontal
postfrontal
postorbitofrontal
prefrontal
sphenofrontal
striatofrontal
subfrontal
superfrontal
temporofrontal
ventrofrontal
zygomaticofrontal
frontal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.təl/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/
rhymes: -ʌntəl
rhymes: -ʌnəl
Forms: form: frontals
Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin frontālis, from frons (“the forehead, brow, front”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix), equivalent to front + -al; cognate of French frontal. Doublet of frontalis.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Ellipsis of frontal bone.
frontal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.təl/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.tl̩/
ipa: /ˈfɹʌn.l̩/
rhymes: -ʌntəl
rhymes: -ʌnəl
Forms: form: frontals
Etymology: From Middle English frountel, from Old French frontel, from Latin frontāle (“a frontlet, metal band for the forehead”).
Senses: examples: text: Even the mantelpiece is adorned with a totally unfunctional tasselled valance rather like an altar frontal.
ref: 1969, David G. Irwin, The Visual Arts, Taste and Criticism, page 27:
topics: Christianity
synonyms: antependium
forecloth
glosses: A decorative drapery covering the front of an altar.
topics: architecture
glosses: The façade of a building.
intermingle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪntəˈmɪŋɡl̩/
ipa: /ˌɪntəɹˈmɪŋɡ(ə)l/
ipa: [-ɾəɹ-]
rhymes: -ɪŋɡəl
Forms: form: intermingles
form: intermingling
form: intermingled
form: intermingled
Etymology: From inter- + mingle.
Senses: examples: text: These representative species often meet and interlock; and as the one becomes rarer and rarer, the other becomes more and more frequent, till the one replaces the other. But if we compare these species where they intermingle, they are generally as absolutely distinct from each other in every detail of structure as are specimens taken from the metropolis inhabited by each.
ref: 1859, Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species:
glosses: To mix (things) together.
glosses: To become mixed together.
Derived terms: word: intermingledness
word: intermingledom
word: intertwingle
english: probably
translation: probably
word: intertwingle
word: unintermingled
disrupt
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈɹʌpt/
ipa: /dɪzˈɹʌpt/
ipa: /dɪzˈɹʊpt/
rhymes: -ʌpt
Forms: form: disrupts
form: disrupting
form: disrupted
form: disrupted
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin disruptus, from disrumpo, commonly dirumpo (“to break or burst asunder”), from dis-, di- (“apart, asunder”) + rumpo (“to break”).
Senses: examples: text: Hecklers disrupted the man's speech.
synonyms: dislocate
glosses: To throw into confusion or disorder.
examples: text: Work on the tunnel was disrupted by a strike.
text: The Glaswegians bore good-humouredly the mishaps which occasionally disrupted the services during the first month.
ref: 1961 February, “Talking of Trains: The Glasgow debacle”, in Trains Illustrated, page 66:
text: Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits. ¶ Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.
ref: 2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children’s brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:
text: In the Canadian and Alaskan Arctic region, where 2°C warming has already occurred since 1950, the loss of coastal sea ice and permafrost is disrupting traditional Inuit hunting routines.
ref: 2017, Anthony J. McMichael, Alistair Woodward, Cameron Muir, Climate Change and the Health of Nations, →ISBN, page 51:
text: The scientific instruments of the day recorded rapid fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field, as powerful electrical currents flowed through the upper atmosphere. Ships' logs noted observations of the northern lights as far south as the Caribbean, and telegraph systems across the world were disrupted as electrical currents were induced in the copper lines.
ref: 2023 November 15, Prof. Jim Wild, “This train was delayed because of bad weather in space”, in RAIL, number 996, page 30:
glosses: To interrupt or impede.
examples: text: The internet makes it easier for leaner businesses to disrupt the larger and more unwieldy ones.
glosses: To improve a product or service in ways that displace an established one and surprise the market.
Derived terms: disruptability
disruptase
disrupter
disruptor
photodisrupt
Related terms: disruptable
disruptible
disruption
disruptive
disrupt
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈɹʌpt/
ipa: /dɪzˈɹʌpt/
ipa: /dɪzˈɹʊpt/
rhymes: -ʌpt
Forms: form: more disrupt
form: most disrupt
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin disruptus, from disrumpo, commonly dirumpo (“to break or burst asunder”), from dis-, di- (“apart, asunder”) + rumpo (“to break”).
Senses: glosses: Torn off or torn asunder; severed; disrupted.
violation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: violations
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French violation, from Latin violātiō (“injury, profanation”), from violō (“I treat with violence; I maltreat; I violate, defile, profane”). Morphologically violate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: In this situation, the agent’s lack of knowledge is diagnosed as a violation of the modalized tracking condition, which is relativized to the content-specific method of belief formation employed.
ref: 2007 June 7, Kelly Becker, “Epistemic luck and the generality problem”, in Philosophical Studies, volume 139, number 3, →DOI:
text: William Davis Jr. admitted he had been drinking and driving, but he said he shouldn’t have been caught. Even though police had issued a BOLO or “be on the lookout” for his car and an officer testified Davis made several traffic violations, he said there wasn’t enough probable cause for the initial traffic stop that turned into a DUI. […] Davis said he should not have been stopped because the BOLO for his car was not checked out before he was pulled over, but Justice Cornelia Clark pointed out that shouldn’t matter.
ref: 2015 September 10, “Knoxville attorney admits to DUI, argues he shouldn’t have been pulled over”, in WATE, archived from the original on 20 Aug 2016:
glosses: The act or an instance of violating or the condition of being violated.
An infraction or a failure to follow a rule.
glosses: The act or an instance of violating or the condition of being violated.
Rape; sexual activity forced on another person without their consent.
examples: text: Nahh saying that to bro is actually a violation 💀
glosses: The act or an instance of violating or the condition of being violated.
An insult, especially a severe one.
Synonyms: transgression
desecration
Derived terms: access violation
carrying violation
civil violation
half-court violation
hog line violation
lane violation
moving violation
parking violation
sharing violation
time violation
traffic violation
vio
Related terms: violate
violable
violative
violator
obstruct
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əbˈstɹʌkt/
rhymes: -ʌkt
Forms: form: obstructs
form: obstructing
form: obstructed
form: obstructed
Etymology: From Latin past participle stem obstruct- (“blocked up”), from verb obstruere, from ob (“against”) + struere (“pile up, build”).
Senses: synonyms: block
glosses: To block or fill (a passage) with obstacles or an obstacle.
examples: text: They obstructed my progress.
glosses: To impede, retard, or interfere with; hinder.
glosses: To get in the way of so as to hide from sight.
Synonyms: word: barricade
word: block
word: choke
word: clog
word: close off
word: cumber
word: forslow
word: forwork
word: hamper
word: hinder
word: impede
word: interfere
word: interrupt
word: intervene
word: jam
word: obstruct
word: obturate
word: occlude
word: plug
word: roadblock
word: seal
word: stonewall
word: thwart
word: yield
Derived terms: deobstruct
disobstruct
obstructed
obstructedly
obstructer
obstructive
obstruct the field
unobstruct
unobstructed
unobstructedly
Related terms: word: obstacle
discipline
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪsɪplɪn/
ipa: /ˈdɪsəplɪn/
ipa: [ˈd̥ɪsɪ̽plɪ̈n]
note: Indic
ipa: /ɖɪˈsɪplɪn/
Forms: form: disciplines
form: disciplining
form: disciplined
form: disciplined
Etymology: From Middle English [Term?], from Anglo-Norman, from Old French descipline, from Latin disciplina (“instruction”), from discipulus (“pupil”), influenced by disco (“to learn”), from Proto-Indo-European *dek- (“(cause to) accept”).
Senses: glosses: To train someone by instruction and practice.
glosses: To teach someone to obey authority.
glosses: To punish someone in order to (re)gain control.
glosses: To impose order on someone.
Synonyms: drill
Derived terms: overdiscipline
rediscipline
Related terms: disciplined
disciplinable
disciplinarian
numerous
Language: English
Part of speech: det
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnuməɹəs/
ipa: /ˈnumɹəs/
ipa: /ˈnjuːməɹəs/
ipa: /ˈnjuːmɹəs/
rhymes: -uːməɹəs
Etymology: From Middle English numerous from Latin numerōsus (“numerous, abundant; harmonious”), from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numerose. Analyzeable as numero- + -ous.
Senses: examples: text: There are numerous definitions of the word 'man'.
text: There are numerous reasons to refrain.
text: Numerous experimental tests and other observations have been offered in favor of animal mind reading, and although many scientists are skeptical, others assert that humans are not the only species capable of representing what others do and don’t perceive and know.
ref: 2012 March-April, Colin Allen, “Do I See What You See?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, United States: Sigma Xi, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 26 Apr 2012, page 168:
synonyms: many#Determiner
antonyms: a couple of
a few#Determiner
a handful of
several#Determiner
;
one#Determiner
hypernyms: multiple#Determiner
various#Determiner
glosses: An indefinite large number of.
numerous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnuməɹəs/
ipa: /ˈnumɹəs/
ipa: /ˈnjuːməɹəs/
ipa: /ˈnjuːmɹəs/
rhymes: -uːməɹəs
Forms: form: more numerous
form: most numerous
Etymology: From Middle English numerous from Latin numerōsus (“numerous, abundant; harmonious”), from numerus (“number”). Doublet of numerose. Analyzeable as numero- + -ous.
Senses: examples: text: The reasons to refrain are numerous.
glosses: Indefinitely large numerically; many.
examples: text: A numerous band of men and maidens escorts him by torchlight.
ref: 1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 10, page 263:
glosses: Consisting of a large number of individuals or parts.
Synonyms: many
multiple
manifold
Derived terms: conumerous
equinumerous
numerosity
numerously
numerousness
overnumerous
supernumerous
supranumerous
pistol
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪstəl/
rhymes: -ɪstəl
homophone: pistil
Forms: form: pistols
Etymology: Probably from Middle French pistole, or via Middle English pistolet, from Middle French pistolet (“small firearm or small dagger”).
The origin is unclear.
If via German to Romance probably from Middle High German forms like pischulle from Czech píšťala (“firearm”, literally “tube, pipe”), from Proto-Slavic *piščalь, from *piskati, *piščati (“to squeak, whistle”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-.
Alternatively, if from Romance to German, from or related to Italian pistolese (“short dagger”), from Italian Pistoia (“a Tuscan town noted for its gunsmithing”).
Senses: hypernyms: firearm
<
gun
<
ranged weapon
<
weapon
coordinate_terms: rifle
;
glosses: A handgun
hypernyms: firearm
<
gun
<
ranged weapon
<
weapon
handgun
<
firearm
<
gun
<
ranged weapon
<
weapon
coordinate_terms: rifle
;
revolver
wheelgun
;
rifle
;
glosses: A handgun
The type of handgun with the chamber integral with the barrel.
qualifier: precise
glosses: The mechanical component of a fuse in a bomb or torpedo responsible for firing the detonator.
examples: text: She was gregarious, opinionated, and in charge, the kind of person you'd describe as a real pistol, and I was immediately drawn to her.
ref: 2011, Diane Lierow, Bernie Lierow, Kay West, Dani's Story: A Journey from Neglect to Love, page 81:
text: KENT NELSON —Until my wife Inza convinced me there was more to life. Ah, she was a real pistol, that Inza.
ref: February 2012, Thomas Pugsley, Denial (episode) in Young Justice (TV series)
text: She features so many dance tunes and is a pistol with her sharp and witty remarks.
ref: 2012, Jimmy Correa, How My Prank Stories in ‘You Tube’ Made Me an Overnight Sensation, iUniverse, page 102:
glosses: A lively, high-energy person.
topics: American-football
ball-games
football
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: An offensive formation in which the quarterback receives the snap at a distance behind the center, but closer than in a shotgun formation, with a running back lined up behind him.
Derived terms: air pistol
autopistol
bepistoled
cap pistol
cap-pistol
captive bolt pistol
dueling pistol
duelling pistol
horse pistol
hot as a pistol
hotter than a pistol
hotter than a two dollar pistol
machine pistol
monkey's pistol
muff pistol
pistol carbine
pistolcraft
pistoleer
pistol furniture
pistolgram
pistolgraph
pistolgraphy
pistol grip
pistollike
pistolman
pistol pipe
pistol shrimp
pistol squat
Pistolvania
pistol-whip
pistolwise
pocket pistol
rapid fire pistol
service pistol
signal pistol
starter pistol
starter's pistol
starting pistol
tiger pistol shrimp
Very pistol
water pistol
pistol
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪstəl/
rhymes: -ɪstəl
homophone: pistil
Forms: form: pistols
form: pistoling
form: pistolling
form: pistoled
form: pistoled
form: pistolled
form: pistolled
Etymology: Probably from Middle French pistole, or via Middle English pistolet, from Middle French pistolet (“small firearm or small dagger”).
The origin is unclear.
If via German to Romance probably from Middle High German forms like pischulle from Czech píšťala (“firearm”, literally “tube, pipe”), from Proto-Slavic *piščalь, from *piskati, *piščati (“to squeak, whistle”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pīṣk-.
Alternatively, if from Romance to German, from or related to Italian pistolese (“short dagger”), from Italian Pistoia (“a Tuscan town noted for its gunsmithing”).
Senses: glosses: To shoot (at) a target with a pistol.
Related terms: derringer
pistole
gat
rod
braces
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/
rhymes: -eɪsɪz
Senses: glosses: plural of brace
braces
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/
rhymes: -eɪsɪz
Senses: examples: text: Susy has to go to the dentist to see if she needs braces.
qualifier: orthodontics
glosses: A device worn on the teeth to straighten them.
examples: text: We put that villain in braces.
glosses: Handcuffs.
synonyms: word: suspenders
glosses: A pair of straps crossing one's shoulders and extending down to one's trousers, where a clip or button arrangement allows them to affix to the trousers, ensuring that they will not fall off.
Synonyms: sense: orthodontics
word: dental braces
sense: handcuffs
word: manacles
sense: pair of straps holding trousers
word: suspenders
Derived terms: belt and braces
train track braces
braces
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹeɪsɪz/
rhymes: -eɪsɪz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of brace
embankment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈbæŋkmənt/
ipa: /ɛmˈbæŋkmənt/
Forms: form: embankments
Etymology: From embank + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: The work to be done under these specifications consists in furnishing all materials and erecting a stone embankment, an earth embankment, and a wharf. The stone embankment will contain about 216,000 tons of stone; the earth embankment about 285,000 cubic yards of broken stone, sand, or other suitable material; and the wharf will contain 501,320 feet of timber, and 802 piles, together with the requisite quantity of cast iron mooring bits, wrought iron spikes, bolts, etc.
ref: 1886, anonymous author, California Legislature Journal Appendix:
text: Sink a trench so the pipe of your water-works will be below ground; have the pump and the mules which work it at such a point and so defended by an epaulement or traverse, or some other defensive embankment, as to shield them.
ref: 1897, anonymous author, The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, pages 981–:
text: For thousands of years, societies have stored water, altered river flow, and transformed environments to increase food production or achieve other social or economic goals. The oldest known dam, a small earth embankment structure built about six thousand years ago at Jawa in present-day Jordan, was designed to capture rainfall and increase agricultural production.
ref: 2006, David P. Billington, Donald Conrad Jackson, Big Dams of the New Deal Era, University of Oklahoma Press, →ISBN:
glosses: a long mound of earth, stone, or similar material, usually built for purposes such as to hold back or store water, for protection from weather or enemies, or to support a road or railway.
Derived terms: Victoria Embankment
ricochet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪk.ə.ʃeɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
rhymes: -ɛt
Forms: form: ricochets
Etymology: Borrowed from French ricochet, of uncertain origin.
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A method of firing a projectile so that it skips along a surface.
examples: text: And you've not been hit / By flying lead / You'd better close your eyes / Bow your head / Wait for the ricochet
ref: 1970, “Child in Time”, in Deep Purple in Rock, performed by Deep Purple:
glosses: An instance of ricocheting; a glancing rebound.
ricochet
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪk.ə.ʃeɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
rhymes: -ɛt
Forms: form: ricochets
form: ricocheting
form: ricochetting
form: ricocheted
form: ricocheted
form: ricochetted
form: ricochetted
Etymology: Borrowed from French ricochet, of uncertain origin.
Senses: examples: text: Everything that could go right for England did although they never felt lucky and they chuckled at Kane’s third that ricocheted off his heel while he was looking the other way.
ref: 2018 June 24, Sam Wallace, “Harry Kane scores hat-trick as England hit Panama for six to secure World Cup knock-out qualification”, in Telegraph (UK), retrieved 24 Jun 2018:
text: The truth is that our love / Will ricochet through eternity
ref: 2023, “It Must Change”, in My Back Was A Bridge For You To Cross, performed by ANOHNI:
text: Before the interval an Alibade strike ricocheted off the back of Bright after Ifeoma Onumonu’s cutback. Then in added time Uchenna Kanu smacked a header off the top of the bar.
ref: 2023 August 7, Suzanne Wrack, “England beat Nigeria on penalties to reach Women’s World Cup quarter-finals”, in The Guardian:
glosses: To rebound off something wildly in a seemingly random direction.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: To operate upon by ricochet firing.
modification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɑdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
ipa: /ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: modifications
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French modification, from Latin modificātiō (“a measuring”), from modificāre (“to limit, control, modify”); see modify.
Senses: examples: text: Pleasure is the business of woman's life, according to the present modification of society […]
ref: 1791 (date written), Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman: With Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], published 1792, →OCLC:
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The form of existence belonging to a particular object, entity etc.; a mode of being.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: the change undergone by a word when used in a construction (for instance am => 'm in I'm)
glosses: The result of modifying something; a new or changed form.
examples: text: behavior modification officer
text: Jim's modification to the radio's tuning resulted in clearer sound.
glosses: The act of making a change to something while keeping its essential character intact; an alteration or adjustment.
examples: text: Due to his sunbathing, Jim's body experienced modifications: he got a tan.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: A change to an organism as a result of its environment that is not transmissable to offspring.
examples: text: The Chinese word "kòu tóu" had a modification made to become the English "kowtow".
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: a change to a word when it is borrowed by another language
Derived terms: automodification
biomodification
body modification
Charette modification
demodification
Doebner modification
Furukawa modification
genetic modification
geomodification
glycomodification
hydromodification
hypermodification
hypomodification
micromodification
nanomodification
overmodification
phosphomodification
photomodification
postmodification
post-translational modification
posttranslational modification
premodification
remodification
thiomodification
undermodification
Related terms: modify
modifier
premium
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹiː.miː.əm/
Forms: form: præmium
Etymology: From Latin praemium (“prize”).
Senses: glosses: Superior in quality; higher in price or value.
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
coordinate_terms: economy
luxury
glosses: High-end; belonging to the market segment between mid-market and luxury.
premium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹiː.miː.əm/
Forms: form: premiums
form: premia
form: præmium
Etymology: From Latin praemium (“prize”).
Senses: glosses: A prize or award.
glosses: Something offered at a reduced price as an inducement to buy something else.
examples: text: At first I wrote it off to the simpler protocols of grandparenthood, with its premium on uncomplicated gestures of generosity and love.
ref: 2009 July 19, Ariel Sabar, “A Time to Put Aside the Armor”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A bonus paid in addition to normal payments.
examples: text: (Of course, if an insured dies during the grace period, the unpaid annual premium or instalment thereof is past due and therefore is deducted from the death benefit.)
ref: 1951, State Farm Life Insurance Company, Life Agents Handbook, page 62:
text: Notice that these premia would exist even in a world of risk-neutral lenders if there were identifiable classes of nonrepaying borrowers.
ref: 1986, Michael P. Claudon, World Debt Crisis: International Lending on Trial, page 184:
text: When a process of proverse selection has run its course, a disproportionate number of high-risk insureds will remain in the former classification, which will prompt an increase in the premiums charged in order to cover the higher losses.
ref: 1999, Missouri Law Review, volume 64, page 770:
topics: business
insurance
glosses: The amount to be paid for an insurance policy.
glosses: An unusually high value.
topics: business
finance
antonyms: discount
glosses: The amount by which a security's value exceeds its face value.
Derived terms: sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: at a premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: bond premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: buyer's premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: call premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: college wage premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: freemium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: green premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: premium bond
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: premium economy
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: premium outlet
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: premium-rate telephone number
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: pupil premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: put a premium on
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: risk premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: time premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: time value premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: union wage premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: value premium
sense: terms derived from adjective or noun
word: wage premium
blinker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɪŋkə/
ipa: /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/
rhymes: -ɪŋkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: blinkers
Etymology: From blink + -er.
Senses: examples: text: She was a frequent blinker, always on the verge of tears.
glosses: Anything that blinks.
synonyms: word: directional
word: directional signal
word: direction indicator
word: indicator
word: trafficator
word: turn indicator
word: turn signal
word: winker
glosses: The turn signal of an automobile.
synonyms: blinder
winker
glosses: A shield attached to the bridle of a horse or other domesticated animal to prevent it from seeing things behind it and to its side.
examples: text: This floor let not the vulgar tread, / Who worship only what they dread: / Nor bigots who but one way see, / Through blinkers of authority
ref: 1732, Matthew Green, Grotto:
glosses: Whatever obstructs sight or discernment.
glosses: The eyelid.
examples: text: The next morning, Jimmy came home with a fat lip and a black eye. Flory rushed over to tend to him. “Ain't nothin'. Just a blinker... had a fight with a guy. […]
ref: 2011, Mari Christie, Concrete Loyalties, page 419:
glosses: A black eye.
examples: text: The following for example, doesn't work because the spark at the top is actually a blinker, and doesn't die. Without the blinker, this object is known as an OWSS (overweight spaceship).
ref: 1992 August 13, David Bell, “Spaceships in Conway's Life (Part 1)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):
text: 3 live cells together can yield either a blinker or a block, so these will be the most common objects formed "out of the void".
ref: 1994 May 13, Louis Howell, “Louis Howell's question of block clearing in life (simple solution)”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):
text: As Hickerson points out, a glider aimed at a faraway blinker or preblock has only 8 cells, but can be arranged to run as long as you want.
ref: 2008 January 8, Dave Greene, “Evolutionary factor in Conway's life”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):
topics: cellular-automata
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: In Conway's Game of Life, an arrangement of three cells in a row that switches between horizontal and vertical orientations in each generation.
examples: text: a double blinker (hitting blinkers on two pens simultaneously)
text: I just hit a blinker.
text: When you just hit 2 back to back blinkers off the dab pen and you trying to hold your cough around people
ref: 2023 January 31, @GreedyAlmighty, Twitter, archived from the original on 09 Dec 2023:
glosses: A situation where the light of a dab pen or vape starts blinking, which happens when the user takes an extremely long hit.
Derived terms: blinkerdom
blinker fluid
nanoblinker
blinker
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɪŋkə/
ipa: /ˈblɪŋkəɹ/
rhymes: -ɪŋkə(ɹ)
Forms: form: blinkers
form: blinkering
form: blinkered
form: blinkered
Etymology: From blink + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The farmer stopped to blinker his horse before riding into an area of heavy traffic.
glosses: To put blinkers on.
Related terms: blinkers
satisfaction
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sætɪsˈfækʃən/
rhymes: -ækʃən
Forms: form: satisfactions
Etymology: From Middle English satisfaccioun, from Old French satisfaccion and Latin satisfactiō, satisfactiōnis.
Senses: examples: text: The witch, repository of hieratic lore and folk legends and occult arcana, became the distributor of philtres and unguents, electuaries and pastilles, herbs and charms and incantations - directed toward sexual pleasures and amatory satisfactions.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 223:
glosses: A fulfilment of a need or desire.
examples: text: November 4, 1860, Henry David Thoreau, letter to Mr. D. R.
This life is not for complaint, but for satisfaction.
text: Selwyn, sitting up rumpled and cross-legged on the floor, after having boloed Drina to everybody's exquisite satisfaction, looked around at the sudden rustle of skirts to catch a glimpse of a vanishing figure—a glimmer of ruddy hair and the white curve of a youthful face, half-buried in a muff.
ref: 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter I, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:
glosses: The pleasure obtained by such fulfillment.
glosses: The source of such gratification.
glosses: A reparation for an injury or loss.
examples: text: The count demanded satisfaction in the form of a duel at dawn.
text: He is knight dubb'd with vnhatche'd Rapier, and on carpet conſideration, but he is a diuell in priuate brall, soules and bodies hath he diuorc'd three, and his incenſement at this moment is ſo implacable, that ſatisfaction can be none, but by pangs of death and ſepulcher: Hob, nob, is his word: giu't or take't.
ref: c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], page 269:
glosses: A vindication for a wrong suffered.
examples: text: To young man who enjoys receiving oral satisfaction, this BiWM will give you all you want.
ref: 1976 April 10, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 18:
glosses: Sexual pleasure.
Derived terms: job satisfaction
satisfaction note
satisfaction piece
satisfaction theory of atonement
self-satisfaction
verecund
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛɹɪkʌnd/
Forms: form: more verecund
form: most verecund
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin verēcundus (“shy, modest”).
Senses: glosses: modest
glosses: bashful
Derived terms: inverecund
verecundity
inverecund
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈvɛɹɪkʌnd/
Forms: form: more inverecund
form: most inverecund
Etymology: From Latin inverecundus, from in- + verecundus (“modest”), from vereri (“to revere”).
Senses: examples: text: Only in puerice do we possess the inverecund innocence of our primaeval progenitors.
ref: 1909, Frederick Rolfe, Don Renato:
text: […] if an inverecund habit shall have gradually traduced the honourable by ancestors transmitted customs […]
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 14: Oxen of the Sun]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey], page 366:
glosses: Immodest; shameless.
Related terms: verecund
obligate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ŏbʹlĭ-gāt'
ipa: /ˈɒb.lɪˌɡeɪt/
enpr: ŏbʹlĭ-gĭt
ipa: /ˈɒb.lɪ.ɡɪt/
enpr: ŏʹblĭ-gāt'
ipa: /ˈɑ.blɪˌɡeɪt/
enpr: ŏʹblĭ-gĭt
ipa: /ˈɑ.blɪ.ɡɪt/
Forms: form: obligates
form: obligating
form: obligated
form: obligated
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin obligātus, past participle of obligō. Doublet of oblige, taken through French.
Senses: examples: text: That progress has taken over ten years and £20 million to bring to fruition. But, as Mands explains, the journey has been one that HSG has been almost obligated to undertake. "First and foremost, this is an environmental project," she says.
ref: 2023 December 27, Richard Foster, “New rail freight terminal leads the way”, in RAIL, number 999, page 39:
glosses: To bind, compel, constrain, or oblige by a social, legal, or moral tie.
glosses: To cause to be grateful or indebted; to oblige.
glosses: To commit (money, for example) in order to fulfill an obligation.
Synonyms: sense: force, compel
word: also: force: Synonyms
Derived terms: obligatee
obligation
obligator
obligatory
obligate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ŏbʹlĭ-gāt'
ipa: /ˈɒb.lɪˌɡeɪt/
enpr: ŏbʹlĭ-gĭt
ipa: /ˈɒb.lɪ.ɡɪt/
enpr: ŏʹblĭ-gāt'
ipa: /ˈɑ.blɪˌɡeɪt/
enpr: ŏʹblĭ-gĭt
ipa: /ˈɑ.blɪ.ɡɪt/
Forms: form: more obligate
form: most obligate
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin obligātus, past participle of obligō. Doublet of oblige, taken through French.
Senses: examples: text: [A]nalysis of the chemical composition of their bones reveals that they were obligate carnivores.
ref: 2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 171:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Requiring a (specified) way of life, habitat, etc.
examples: text: In addition to being the obligate food source for monarch caterpillars, milkweeds also provide abundant nectar for the adult butterflies.
text: In some languages such signaling is optional, whereas in others it is obligate.
text: Aquatic sites constitute obligate habitat for some species, and are critical breeding habitat for species with complex life cycles involving aquatic egg or larval development.
ref: 2009, C. Kenneth Dodd Jr., Amphibian Ecology and Conservation: A Handbook of Techniques, page 304:
text: Unlike for phagotrophic flagellates, bacteria serve as a facultative rather than an obligate food source for crustacean zooplankton.
ref: 2012, Ulrich Sommer, Plankton Ecology: Succession in Plankton Communities, page 351:
text: Light is the obligate energy source for the phototrophic microbes constructing these benthic mats
ref: 2013, K.C. Marshall, editor, Advances in Microbial Ecology, volume 11, page 472:
glosses: Indispensable; essential; necessary; obligatory; mandatory; unavoidably invoked.
Synonyms: optional § Synonyms
Derived terms: nonobligate
obligately obligate carrier
Related terms: oblige
obligee
obliger
obligor
fanny pack
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfæni pæk/
Forms: form: fanny packs
Etymology: From fanny (“the backside”) + pack.
Senses: examples: text: She wears her fanny pack every day on her morning jog around Central Park.
synonyms: word: belly bag
word: belt bag
word: bum bag
word: moon bag
word: waist bag
glosses: A small fabric pouch secured with a zipper and worn at the waist by a strap around the hips.
summarize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/
Forms: form: summarizes
form: summarizing
form: summarized
form: summarized
form: summarise
Etymology: From summary + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: Jim was asked to summarize the document by Wednesday.
glosses: To prepare a summary of (something).
examples: text: After the meeting, Jim summarized the major decisions made.
glosses: To give a recapitulation of the salient facts; to recapitulate or review.
Synonyms: précis
regiment
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɛd͡ʒɪmənt/
Forms: form: regiments
form: regimenting
form: regimented
form: regimented
Etymology: From Middle French regement, régiment, and its source, Late Latin regimentum (“direction for government; course of medical treatment”), from Latin regō (“rule”).
Senses: examples: J. W. Powell
The people are organized or regimented into bodies, and special functions are relegated to the several units.
glosses: To form soldiers into a regiment.
examples: text: The result was a tidy, law-abiding country, but one that visitors often described as regimented, sterile and dull.
ref: 2015 March 22, Washington Post, Lee Kuan Yew, who led Singapore into prosperity over 30-year rule, dies at 91:
glosses: To systematize, or put in rigid order.
cadet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈdɛt/
rhymes: -ɛt
Forms: form: cadets
Etymology: Borrowed from French cadet, from Gascon capdet, from Late Latin capitellum (“small head”). Attested in English from 1634.
Doublet of caddie, cadeau, cadel, capital, capitellum, and caudillo.
Senses: glosses: A student at a military school who is training to be an officer.
examples: text: Bertram is certainly well off for a cadet of even a Baronet's family. By the time he is four or five and twenty he will have seven hundred a year, and nothing to do for it.
ref: 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter V, in Mansfield Park: […], volume II, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 114:
topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: A younger or youngest son, who would not inherit as a firstborn son would.
examples: text: a cadet branch of the family
glosses: Junior. (See also the heraldic term cadency.)
raw_tags: in genealogy
glosses: A young man who makes a business of ruining girls to put them in brothels.
glosses: A young gentleman learning sheep farming at a station; also, any young man attached to a sheep station.
glosses: A participant in a cadetship.
Derived terms: air cadet
cadet blue
cadet branch
cadetcy
cadet gray
cadet grey
cadet house
officer cadet
space cadet
Related terms: cadette
affront
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈfɹʌnt/
rhymes: -ʌnt
Forms: form: affronts
form: affronting
form: affronted
form: affronted
Etymology: From Middle English afrounten, from Old French afronter (“to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontare (“to hit in the face”), from Latin ad (“to”) + frōns (“forehead”) (English front).
Senses: examples: text: But beſides, that ſuch a thought was inconſiſtent with the gravity of a Senate, how can one imagine that the Fathers would have dared affront the Wife of Aurelius, and the Mother of Commodus, or that they could think of giving offence to an Empreſs whom they afterwards Defied, and to an Emperor that was the darling of the army and people?
ref: 1701–03, Joseph Addison, “The Isle of Caprea”, in Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c., published 1721, page 92:
glosses: To insult intentionally, especially openly.
examples: text: to affront death
text: Avignon was beginning to settle down for the night – that long painful stretch of time which must somehow be affronted.
ref: 1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 436:
glosses: To meet defiantly; to confront.
examples: text: Many Iſlands there lie all over that ſea : but one above the reſt, and moſt renowned, is Tazata : for thither all the ſhipping from out of the Caſpian ſea and the Scythian Ocean, doe bend their courſe and there arrive : for that all the ſea coaſts doe affront the Levant, and turne into the Eaſt.
ref: 1601, Pliny the Elder, translated by Philemon Holland, The History of the World, volume I, translation of Naturalis Historia (in Classical Latin), published 1634, book VI, page 124:
text: Sweet Gertrude leaue vs too, / For we haue cloſely ſent for Hamlet hither, / That he, as ’twere by accident, may there / Affront Ophelia.
ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 265, column 1:
glosses: To meet or encounter face to face.
Derived terms: affrontable
affrontee
affrontery
affrontive
affrontment
affront
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈfɹʌnt/
rhymes: -ʌnt
Forms: form: affronts
Etymology: From Middle English afrounten, from Old French afronter (“to defy”), from Vulgar Latin *affrontare (“to hit in the face”), from Latin ad (“to”) + frōns (“forehead”) (English front).
Senses: examples: text: Such behavior is an affront to society.
text: This day, thou ſhalt haue ingots : and, to morrow, / Giue lords th’ affront.
ref: 1610, Ben Jonson, “The Alchemist”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson, London: Will Stansby, published 1616, act II, scene ii, page 620:
glosses: An open or intentional offense, slight, or insult.
glosses: A hostile encounter or meeting.
Related terms: effrontery
xylyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: xylyls
Etymology: From xyl- + -yl.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of several univalent radicals, of formula (CH₃)₂C₆H₃- derived from the three isomers of xylene: ortho-, meta- and para- (di-methyl benzene).
Synonyms: word: xylenyl
audacity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ô-dăʹsĭti
ipa: /ɔːˈdæ.sɪ.ti/
enpr: ô-dăʹsĭti
ipa: /ɔˈdæ.sɪ.ti/
ipa: [ɔˈdæ.sɪ.ɾi]
ipa: /ɑˈdæ.sɪ.ti/
ipa: [ɑˈdæ.sɪ.ɾi]
rhymes: -æsɪti
Forms: form: audacities
Etymology: From late Middle English audacite, from Medieval Latin audacitas, from Latin audax (“bold”), from audeō (“I am bold, I dare”).
Senses: examples: text: The brash private had the audacity to criticize the general.
text: Somebody never pays his loans, yet he has the audacity to ask the bank for money.
text: “Oh?” she said. “So you have decided to revise my guest list for me? You have the nerve, the – the –” I saw she needed helping out. “Audacity,” I said, throwing her the line. “The audacity to dictate to me who I shall have in my house.” It should have been “whom”, but I let it go. “You have the –” “Crust.” “– the immortal rind,” she amended, and I had to admit it was stronger, “to tell me whom” – she got it right that time – “I may entertain at Brinkley Court and who” – wrong again – “I may not.”
ref: 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XVIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
synonyms: audaciousness
chutzpah
outdaciousness
temerity
glosses: Insolent boldness, especially when imprudent or unconventional.
glosses: Fearlessness, intrepidity or daring, especially with confident disregard for personal safety, conventional thought, or other restrictions.
Derived terms: Caucasity
inaudacity
Related terms: audacious