cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Faustian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfaʊstɪən/
ipa: /ˈfaʊstiən/
Forms: form: more Faustian
form: most Faustian
Etymology: From the surname of the German alchemist and magician Johann Georg Faust (c. 1466 or 1480 – c. 1541) + -ian (suffix forming relational adjectives or nouns). According to medieval legend, Faust made a contract with the Devil, exchanging his soul for unlimited knowledge and worldly pleasures. Purported tales about Faust’s life first appeared in print in an anonymously written chapbook, Historia von D. Johann Fausten (1587). The story was then particularly popularized by two plays, Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragicall History of D. Faustus (first published 1604) and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Faust (published 1808 and 1832).
Senses: examples: text: But along with this growth, there is at the same time developed in his breast, a Faustian conflict between the passion for accumulation, and the desire for enjoyment.
ref: 1887, Karl Marx, “Conversion of Surplus-Value into Capital”, in Samuel Moore and Edward Aveling, transl., edited by Frederick [i.e., Friedrich] Engels, Capital: A Critical Analysis of Capitalist Production: Translated from the Third German Edition, volume II, London: Swan Sonnenschein, Lowrey, & Co., […], →OCLC, part VII (The Accumulation of Capital), page 605:
text: Each transaction in the transient corresponds to a pragmatics that transforms the Faustian promise into an advertising slogan.
ref: 1997, Mihai Nadin, The Civilization of Illiteracy:
text: Serious times demand honesty and self-awareness from people in positions of authority and, at the end of the day, political parties giving succour to fringe views about life-and-death matters is a Faustian pact. This isn’t speculation, or a serve of two-bit punditry to fuel the opinion cycle. This is the lesson of Donald Trump.
ref: 2021 February 2, Katharine Murphy, “Scott Morrison must heed the lesson of Donald Trump and slap down Craig Kelly”, in The Guardian, archived from the original on 12 Feb 2021:
text: But if techno-capitalist ambitions are fundamentally Faustian, should a Catholic observer (or anyone else with similar commitments) really wish for them to rise again?
ref: 2024 February 9, Ross Douthat, “America Between Jesus and Faust”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 17 Feb 2024:
glosses: Of or pertaining to Faust, especially in the sense of being willing to abandon one's principles or values in order to pursue knowledge, wealth or other benefits.
wikipedia: Christopher Marlowe
Johann Spies
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Derived terms: Faustian bargain
Faustian deal
Faustian dilemma
chime in
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: chimes in
form: chiming in
form: chimed in
form: chimed in
Senses: examples: text: We appreciate your input, so please don't hesitate to chime in with comments and questions.
text: Atherton chimed in.
‘To that I say, Amen!’ He lifted his hand. ‘God is my witness!’
ref: 1897, Richard Marsh, The Beetle:
glosses: To talk; to join in conversation or discussion.
examples: text: I was therefore obliged to chime in with her plan, which in truth seemed well arranged: […]
ref: 1796, Matthew Lewis, The Monk:
text: What I saw upon this cliff, although surely an object of very extraordinary nature, the place and season considered, at first neither startled nor amazed me—so thoroughly and appropriately did it chime in with the half-slumberous fancies that enwrapped me.
ref: 1843, E.A.Poe, Morning on the Wissahiccon:
glosses: To agree, to harmonize, to concord.
culprit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkʌlpɹɪt/
Forms: form: culprits
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman cul. prit, contraction of culpable: prest (d'averrer nostre bille) 'guilty: ready (to prove our case)', words used by prosecutor in opening a trial, mistaken in English for an address to the defendant. See culpable. It may have been influenced by Latin culpa (“blame, fault”).
Senses: examples: text: I have tightened the loose bolt that was the culprit; it should work now.
text: Another sits beneath the purple canopy—a lady, but alone. The diadem is on her cold and haughty brow; there is no pity in her stern aspect, and the smile on her lip bodes death. Before her stands the lovely culprit, whose fatal beauty, and still more fatal love, are about to be dearly requited.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 145:
text: But the Dutch dominated only to waste numerous efforts, with Arjen Robben and Robin van Persie the main culprits.
ref: 2012 June 9, Owen Phillips, “Euro 2012: Netherlands 0-1 Denmark”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: The person or thing at fault for a problem or crime.
topics: law
glosses: A prisoner accused but not yet tried.
Derived terms: nonculprit
Related terms: culpable
culpate
disculp
disculpate
exculpate
inculpate
mea culpa
keep someone posted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: keeps someone posted
form: keeping someone posted
form: kept someone posted
form: kept someone posted
Senses: examples: text: That's all the news for now, but I'll keep you posted about new developments.
synonyms: word: keep someone posted up
glosses: To inform (someone) regularly of the latest developments.
Synonyms: apprise
nom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒm/
ipa: /nɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: noms
Etymology: Short form of various words.
Senses: examples: text: I have already submitted a revised (in terms of format) nomination. […] In the future I will try to better organize my information (one message per nom, snip out excess spam if I post, etc.).
ref: 2000 May 30, "Webmaster -- Kevin Stroud" (username), "Re: RBL nomination for 195.235.113.140 (mail.teleline.es) -- 5th supporting email, in news.admin.net-abuse.email, Usenet
text: The obvious way to reduce the number of noms is to increase the standard.
ref: 2001 July 17, William Tunstall-Pedoe, “problems/suggestions for this group”, in alt.anagrams (Usenet):
text: Particularly "Mr. Fox" now that it has an Oscar nom to boast about.
ref: 2010 February 13, "Juan F. Lara" (username), "2/5-7 Weekend BoxOffice", in rec.arts.animation and rec.arts.disney.animation, Usenet
glosses: Clipping of nomination.
glosses: Clipping of nominator.
glosses: Clipping of nominee.
nom
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒm/
ipa: /nɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: noms
form: nomming
form: nommed
form: nommed
Etymology: Short form of various words.
Senses: examples: text: I have a little request to make. When you kids nom, do you think you could make clear who it is you're nomming -- and maybe even include the article headers for the voters (and the judge) -- many of whom are not psychics?
ref: 1998, blaque, “A Teeny Favor (Was: Re: NOMINATION: Ms A.T. Rookie (fwd)”, in alt.tasteless (Usenet):
text: Quite a big percentage of the anagrams posted here get nommed - IMO it should only be around 20% or so.
ref: 2001, William Tunstall-Pedoe, “problems/suggestions for this group”, in alt.anagrams (Usenet):
text: Emmy-nommed composer Robert Prince died March 4 in Los Angeles after a brief illness.
ref: 2007, Variety staff, "Composer Prince dies" (obituary)
glosses: Clipping of nominate.
nom
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒm/
ipa: /nɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Etymology: Onomatopoeic, variant of num, num-num. Attested 2004 as om nom, om nom nom, popularized from 2007 in internet use, second place in American Dialect Society "Word of the Year" 2010. From the catchphrase of Cookie Monster on Sesame Street, as at the end of “C Is For Cookie” (1971), made when devouring cookies. However, as late as 2009, this was canonically written with a ‘u’, as in S is For School! (2006), as “num num”, or in the press kit for the 40th season (2009), as “un num num num num”; by 2013 this was changed to the now-popular nom.
Senses: examples: text: [to a baby] You are so cute, I could just eat you right up! Nom nom nom.
glosses: Used to denote eating, or enjoyment of eating. Commonly used as "nom nom nom".
Related terms: nom nom nom
num
num-num
om nom nom
yum
yum yum
nom
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒm/
ipa: /nɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: noms
form: nomming
form: nommed
form: nommed
Etymology: Onomatopoeic, variant of num, num-num. Attested 2004 as om nom, om nom nom, popularized from 2007 in internet use, second place in American Dialect Society "Word of the Year" 2010. From the catchphrase of Cookie Monster on Sesame Street, as at the end of “C Is For Cookie” (1971), made when devouring cookies. However, as late as 2009, this was canonically written with a ‘u’, as in S is For School! (2006), as “num num”, or in the press kit for the 40th season (2009), as “un num num num num”; by 2013 this was changed to the now-popular nom.
Senses: info_templates: extra_data: words: on
expansion: [with on]
glosses: To eat with noisy enjoyment.
Related terms: chu nom
nom d'artiste
nom de clavier
nom de course
nom-de-plume
nom de voyage
nom de Web
nom nom
om nom
om nom nom nom
up-to-date
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʌp tə ˈdeɪt/
Forms: form: more up-to-date
form: most up-to-date
form: up to date
form: uptodate
Senses: examples: text: Use an up-to-date text for your source.
text: Yet, in spite of this interest there has been little movement in the field of lexicography, so that Indian English has no up-to-date dictionaries to speak of, certainly nothing published in the twenty-first century.
ref: 2018, James Lambert, “Anglo-Indian slang in dictionaries on historical principles”, in World Englishes, volume 37, page 248:
glosses: Current; recent; the latest.
raw_tags: before the noun
examples: text: I like to stay up-to-date about current affairs.
glosses: Informed about the latest news or developments; abreast.
Synonyms: sense: current
word: à la mode
sense: current
word: fashionable
sense: informed
word: apprised
sense: informed
word: abreast
sense: informed
word: informed
sense: informed
word: au fait
sense: informed
word: au courant
Related terms: update
up to date
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more up to date
form: most up to date
Senses: examples: text: The clothes of these marching women were, it is quite true, essentially up to date.
ref: 1913 May 15, Elizabeth Newport Hepburn, “A Question Not of Sex Appeal; But of Prevailing Mode.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about […], or offering services that let you "stay up to date with what your friends are doing",[…]and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention.
ref: 2013 June 21, Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 27:
text: For example, during the early days of construction, some landowners and local residents felt they were not being kept up to date with what was happening on a day-to-day basis, or that information wasn't always easy to come by.
ref: 2023 August 23, Chris Howe, “Green screen: HS2's route through the shires”, in RAIL, number 990, page 35:
glosses: Alternative spelling of up-to-date.
up to date
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: up to dates
Senses: qualifier: cocktails
glosses: A sherry-based cocktail.
rosbif
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rosbifs
Etymology: Borrowed from French rosbif, from English roast beef. Doublet of roast beef.
Senses: examples: text: Polidor Graindart, sometime sergeant of the intendant's guard in the days when three golden lilies bloomed on the flagstaff above the De Troit blockhouse, never had forgiven the rosbifs for the conquest of New France.
ref: 1938, Neil Harmon Swanson, The forbidden ground, page 85:
text: France demonstrate the entente cordiale towards the rosbifs.
ref: 2009, Andy Roberts, Flying the Flag, page 233:
glosses: An English person (as viewed by the French).
imperfective aspect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: 2007, Almut Hintze, A Zoroastrian Liturgy: The Worship in Seven Chapters (Yasna 35—41), Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, page 240,
If the root meaning is iterative or durative, such as 'to go', the verb belongs to the imperfective aspect and forms a root present.
2012, David Holton, Peter Mackridge, Irene Philippaki-Warburton, Vassilios Spyropoulos (reviser), Greek: A Comprehensive Grammar of the Modern Language, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2nd Edition, page 286,
The imperfective aspect in Greek presents the action or state expressed by the verb either as a single but continuous event (progressively) or as a repetitive or habitual one.
2012, Zygmunt Frajzyngier, A Grammar of Wandala, Walter De Gruyter (De Gruyter Mouton), page 149,
Subject pronouns precede the simple form of the verb and the reduplicated form of the verb in the imperfective aspect.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A feature of a verb which denotes that its action or condition does not have a fixed temporal boundary, but is habitual, unfinished, continuous, repetitive or in progress.
Coordinate terms: perfective aspect
Related terms: aorist aspect
iterative aspect
perfective aspect
semelfactive aspect
pene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: penes
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of peen.
pene
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: penes
form: pening
form: pened
form: pened
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of peen.
Related terms: hemipene
Bushian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Bushian
form: most Bushian
Etymology: From Bush + -ian.
Senses: examples: ref: 2004 October 23, Geoffrey K. Pullum, “Bushian tautologies? I don't think so”, in Language Log:
glosses: Of or pertaining to a person named Bush, in particular and usually President of the United States, George W. Bush
Related terms: Bushism
Thatcherite
Blairite
structural isomerism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: structural isomerisms
Senses: examples: same functional group
n-butanol - CH₃(CH₂)₃OH
2-methyl-propanol - (CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH
different functional groups
ethanol - CH₃CH₂OH
di-methyl-ether - CH₃OCH₃
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A form of isomerism in which the same atoms are arranged in different orders, either having the same or different functional groups.
Related terms: geometric isomerism
optical isomerism
stereoisomerism
perfective aspect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pf.
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A feature of the verb which denotes viewing the event the verb describes as a completed whole, rather than from within the event as it unfolds. For example, "she sat down" as opposed to "she was sitting down". Since the focus is on the completion of what is expressed by the verb, this aspect is generally associated with the past and future tenses. This term is often used interchangeably with aorist aspect. This is not to be confused with the perfect tense.
Related terms: aorist aspect
imperfective aspect
iterative aspect
semelfactive aspect
geometric isomerism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: (dated, deprecated by IUPAC) A form of isomerism in which, in one isomer two atoms or groups are on the same side of the plane of a double bond or ring, whereas in the other isomer they are on opposite sides; these are cis- and trans- isomers, respectively.
Synonyms: cis-trans isomerism
Related terms: structural isomerism
optical isomerism
geometric isomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: geometric isomers
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: either the cis- or trans- isomer of a compound that exhibits geometric isomerism
Related terms: structural isomer
optical isomer
cis-trans isomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cis-trans isomers
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Either of a pair of geometric isomers, one having the cis- and one having the trans- configuration.
structural isomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: structural isomers
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a number of compounds that exhibit structural isomerism
semelfactive aspect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: semelfactive aspects
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A subclass of perfective verbs that denotes a momentary or punctiliar action (e.g., to sneeze, to blink).
Synonyms: momentane
Related terms: aorist aspect
imperfective aspect
iterative aspect
perfective aspect
mirror image
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mirror images
Senses: glosses: An image that is reversed from left to right, as it would appear if seen in a mirror; a reflection.
Related terms: chirality
enantiomer
stereoisomerism
enantiomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: enantiomers
Etymology: From enantio- + -mer.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: One of a pair of stereoisomers that is the mirror image of the other, but may not be superimposed on this other stereoisomer.
Synonyms: enantiomorph
optical isomer
Derived terms: enantiomeric
enantiomerical
enantiomerism
enantiomerization
eutomer
pseudoenantiomer
quasienantiomer
Related terms: diastereoisomer
dextro-
D-
levo-
L-
enantiomorph
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: enantiomorphs
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐναντίος (enantíos, “opposite”) + μορφή (morphḗ, “form”).
Senses: glosses: A mirror image, a form related to another as an object is to its image in a mirror.
glosses: Either of a pair of crystals that are mirror images of each other, and are optically active.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A similar molecule or compound; an enantiomer.
Derived terms: enantiomorphic
enantiomorphism
enantiomorphous
Related terms: chirality
optically active
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Exhibiting optical activity.
raw_tags: of a crystal or compound
Related terms: dextrorotatory
levorotatory
stereoisomerism
dextrorotatory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From dextro- + rotatory.
Senses: examples: text: Dexibuprofen is the active dextrorotatory enantiomer of ibuprofen.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: That rotates the plane of polarized light to the right, or clockwise. Notation: (+) or formerly lowercase d-.
raw_tags: of an optically active compound or crystal
Synonyms: word: dextrogyre
word: dextrogyrate
word: dextro
word: d-
word: dex-
word: dextro-
Related terms: dextrorotation
dextrorse
levorotatory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: laevorotatory
form: lævorotatory
Etymology: From levo- + rotatory.
Senses: examples: text: Levofloxacin is the levorotatory enantiomer of the medication ofloxacin.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: (of an optically active compound or crystal) That rotates the plane of polarized light to the left, or counter-clockwise. Notation: (−) or formerly lowercase l-.
Synonyms: word: levogyre
word: levogyrate
word: levo
word: sinistrorotatory
word: sinistrogyre
word: l-
word: lev-
word: levo-
Related terms: levorotation
sinistrorse
optical activity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: optical activities
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: a property caused by asymmetrical molecular or crystal structure that enables a compound or crystal to rotate the plane of incident polarized light
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A measure of the amount of optical rotation produced by a standard amount of a substance
Related terms: optical rotation
optically active
polarimeter
stereoisomerism
polarimeter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: polarimeters
Senses: coordinate_terms: colmascope
glosses: An instrument used to measure the rotation of the plane of polarized light as it passes through a sample of an optically active compound.
Synonyms: polariscope
Derived terms: photopolarimeter
spectropolarimeter
Related terms: polarimetric
polarimetrically
polarimetry
saccharimeter
aorist aspect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A temporal feature of the verb which denotes the speaker's standpoint of the event described by the verb, as from outside of the event and seeing it as a completed whole.
Related terms: imperfective aspect
perfective aspect
diastereoisomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /di.ə.stɛ.ri.əʊˈaɪ.sə.mə/
Forms: form: diastereoisomers
form: diastereomer
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A stereoisomer having multiple chiral centres; a diastereoisomer cannot normally be superimposed on the mirror image of another.
Derived terms: diastereomerically
diastereomixture
Related terms: enantiomer
R-
S-
RS-
cis-
trans-
stereoisomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stereoisomers
Etymology: From stereo- + isomer.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
coordinate_terms: diastereomer
enantiomer
glosses: One of a set of the isomers of a compound that exhibits stereoisomerism.
Derived terms: diastereoisomer
Related terms: stereoisomeric
stereospecificity
optical isomer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: optical isomers
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any one of a number of compounds that exhibit optical isomerism.
structural
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/
Forms: form: more structural
form: most structural
Etymology: From structure + -al, 19th century.
Senses: examples: text: Class 1. consists of nervous diseases, such as depend on the nervous and muscular systems; the second, of sanguine diseases, such as depend on the sanguiferous system; the third, of secretory diseases, or such as are connected with the state of the secretions; and the fourth, of structural diseases, or those that are connected with the nutritive powers.
ref: 1814, Thomas Young, “An Introduction to Medical Literature, including a System of practical Nosology”, in The Monthly Review, page 185:
text: These structural differences, the authors suggest, support previous reports of differences in personality: liberals tend to be better at managing conflicting information, while conservatives are though to be better at recognizing threats, researchers said.
ref: 2011 April 8, Amie Ninh, “Liberal vs. Conservative: Does the Difference Lie in the Brain?”, in TIME:
glosses: Of, relating to, or having structure.
glosses: Involving the mechanics of construction.
Derived terms: aerostructural
antistructural
biostructural
cytostructural
echostructural
extrastructural
geostructural
heterostructural
histostructural
hyperstructural
interstructural
intrastructural
isostructural
lithostructural
macrostructural
magnetostructural
mechanostructural
metastructural
microstructural
morphostructural
multistructural
nanostructural
neostructural
neurostructural
nonstructural
poststructural
prestructural
semistructural
sociostructural
spatiostructural
stereostructural
structural adjustment
structural anthropologist
structural anthropology
structural biology
structural deficit
structural disorder
structural engineer
structural failure
structural formula
structural-functional
structural integrity
structuralise
structuralism
structural isomer
structural isomerism
structuralist
structuralistic
structurality
structuralization
structuralize
structurally
structural pattern
structural polysaccharide
structural research
structural science
structural steel
structural unemployment
suprastructural
technostructural
temporostructural
unistructural
unstructural
structural
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/
Forms: form: structurals
Etymology: From structure + -al, 19th century.
Senses: examples: text: Freight differentials often increased the spread in favor of the imported structurals. Purchasers repeatedly emphasized that their purchases of imported structurals were split among a number of sources, including Spain, France, West Germany, […]
ref: 1982, United States International Trade Commission, Certain carbon steel products from Spain (page A-49)
glosses: Structural steel, used in construction.
charva
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃɑːvə/
rhymes: -ɑːvə
Forms: form: charvas
form: charver
form: charv
Etymology: Perhaps from nineteenth-century Romani chavo (“child or youth”). Compare charver, chav.
Senses: glosses: Unruly youth; disobedient child or teenager.
glosses: A chav.
glosses: Friend; mate.
Derived terms: charvette
Related terms: chav
pf.
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Abbreviation of perfect.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: Abbreviation of perfective aspect.
Yoder
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjoʊdɚ/
Forms: form: Yoders
Etymology: The family name is from German Joder, the name of a clan in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland; which is in turn from the given name Theodor, after St Theodorus, an early Christian religious leader in Switzerland.
Senses: glosses: A surname from German.
glosses: Any of the places in the U.S. named after people with the family name Yoder.
Related terms: Joder
Jordi
Jotter
Ioder
Yother
Yotter
superannuated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsupɚˈænjuˌeɪtɪd/
Etymology: From the Latin superannuatus (“more than one year old”), from super (“over”) (English super-) + annus (“year”) (English annual).
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of superannuate
superannuate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsuːpəɹˈænjueɪt/
Forms: form: superannuates
form: superannuating
form: superannuated
form: superannuated
Etymology: Back-formation from superannuated; Latin super "over" + annus "year"
Senses: examples: text: These crumbling relicks and long fired particles superannuate such expectations; bones, hairs, nails, and teeth of the dead, were the treasures of old sorcerers.
ref: 1658, Thomas Browne, “(please specify the page)”, in Hydriotaphia, Urne-buriall, […] Together with The Garden of Cyrus, […], London: […] Hen[ry] Brome […], →OCLC:
glosses: To retire or put out of use due to age.
glosses: To show to be obsolete due to age.
glosses: To retire due to age.
glosses: To become obsolete or antiquated.
glosses: To give a pension to, on account of old age or other infirmity; to cause to retire from service on a pension.
Synonyms: sense: retire due to age
word: pension
sense: retire due to age
word: pension off
sense: retire due to age
word: put out to pasture
sense: retire due to age
word: call it a day
sense: retire due to age
word: hang up one's boots
sense: become obsolete or antiquated
word: age
word: obsolesce
word: to age
sense: give a pension to
word: pension
quondam
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkwɒndəm/
rhymes: -ɒndəm
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin quondam. Compare whilom.
Senses: examples: text: This is the quondam King; Let's ſeize vpon him.
ref: c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 158, column 1:
text: Present him if you please in my name to [John] Henry, [William] Grayson and all our quondam acquaintances and be assured that any civilities he receives from you will be gratefully remembered by me.
ref: 1789, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney to James Madison, 28 March, in The Documentary History of the First Federal Elections 1788–1790, vol. 1, ed. Merrill Jensen and Robert A. Becker, University of Wisconsin Press, 1976, page 217
text: However, with the dainty volume my quondam friend sprang into fame. At the same time he cast off the chrysalis of a commonplace existence.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter I, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
text: For the sleeper on the couch was not Akeley at all, but my quondam guide Noyes.
ref: 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 8, in The Whisperer in Darkness:
text: A few hundred pages after faintly praising me […] the book’s narrator (a quondam critic with nothing nice to say about Charlie Kaufman) challenges me to a barroom argument about cinema.
ref: 2020 September 1, A. O. Scott, “‘I’m Thinking of Ending Things’ Review: Where to Begin?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
synonyms: word: erstwhile
word: antecedent
word: anterior
word: earlier
word: erstwhile
word: ex
word: foregone
word: former
word: hitherto
word: old
word: olden
word: past
word: preceding
word: precedent
word: previous
word: prior
word: quondam
word: sometime
word: used-to-be
word: whilom
glosses: Former; once; at one time.
Derived terms: quondamly
quondamship
perdurable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pə(ɹ)ˈdjʊəɹəbəl/
ipa: /pə(ɹ)ˈdʒʊəɹəbəl/
ipa: /pə(ɹ)ˈdʒɔːɹəbəl/
ipa: /pə(ɹ)ˈdʊəɹəbəl/
Forms: form: more perdurable
form: most perdurable
Etymology: From Middle English perdurable, from Old French pardurable, from Medieval Latin perdūrābilis, from Latin perdurāre (“to endure”), from per- (“throughout”) + durare (“to last”).
Senses: examples: text: In Paradyce, that place of pleaſure perdurable / The progeny of parrottis, were fayre and fauorable
ref: c. 1521, John Skelton, Speke Parott:
text: O perdurable shame! Let's stab our selues.
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene v]:
text: Ere now marmoreal floods had spread their couch / Of perdurable snow, or granite wrought / Its skyward impulse from earth's hearth of fire / Up to insanest heights.
ref: 1848, Philip James Bailey, “Proëm”, in Festus: A Poem, 3rd edition, London: William Pickering, →OCLC, page vii:
text: There is one quality which unites all great and perdurable writers, you don't NEED schools and colleges to keep 'em alive.
ref: 1937, Ezra Pound, ABC Of Reading:
text: Together, our studies show that the perception of moral decline is pervasive, perdurable, unfounded and easily produced.
ref: 2023, Mastroianni, Adam M., Gilbert, Daniel T, “The illusion of moral decline”, in Nature, 618 782-789 (2023):
synonyms: word: diuturnal
word: prolonged
word: abiding
word: chronic
word: continuate
word: diuturnal
word: durable
word: durative
word: enduring
word: extending
word: hard-wearing
word: lasting
word: long-drawn-out
word: long-lasting
word: longevous
word: longsome
word: perdurable
word: persistent
word: prolonged
word: protracted
glosses: Very durable; long-lasting.
Derived terms: perdurableness
Related terms: perdurably
perdurability
perdurably
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more perdurably
form: most perdurably
Etymology: From Middle English pardurableliche, perdurable, perdurablely, perdurably; equivalent to perdurable + -ly.
Senses: glosses: in a perdurable manner
Related terms: perdurability
perdurability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Middle English perdurabilite, perdurablete, perdurablyte, perduralite, from Old French pardurablete; equivalent to perdure + -ability.
Senses: glosses: The state of being perdurable.
Synonyms: perdurableness
Related terms: perdurably
supernal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /suːˈpɜː.nəl/
ipa: /sjuːˈpɜː.nəl/
ipa: /sʊˈpɜː.nəl/
ipa: /suˈpɝ.nəl/
ipa: /sʊˈpɝ.nəl/
ipa: /səˈpɝ.nəl/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)nəl
Forms: form: more supernal
form: most supernal
Etymology: From Old French supernel or Medieval Latin supernalis, from Latin supernus, from superum (“celestial regions, heavenly bodies”).
Senses: examples: text: […]and there, after due prayers to the gods who dwell in ether supernal, had taken solemn counsel whereby they might, if so be it might be, bring once more into honour among mortal men the winged speech of the seadivided Gael.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Pertaining to heaven or to the sky; celestial.
examples: text: Even the sunlight assumed a supernal glamour, as if some special atmosphere or exhalation mantled the whole region.
ref: 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, “chapter 6”, in The Whisperer in Darkness:
text: Pig, not normally reticent in these matters, now acted like a mystic after a vision; unable, maybe unwilling, to put in words this ineffable or supernal talent of Panky’s.
ref: 1963, Thomas Pynchon, V.:
text: For what did Cauchy know, or Christoffel,
Or Fourier, or any Boole or Euler,
Wielding their compasses, their pens and rulers,
Of thy supernal sinusoidal spell?
ref: 1974, Michael Kandel, The Cyberiad, translation of original by Stanisław Lem:
glosses: Exalted, exquisite, superlative.
Synonyms: sense: pertaining to heaven
word: celestial
sense: pertaining to heaven
word: heavenly
sense: exalted, exquisite
word: exalted
sense: exalted, exquisite
word: exquisite
mildly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmaɪldli/
rhymes: -aɪldli
Forms: form: more mildly
form: most mildly
Etymology: From mild + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Long before you see the lean, handsome heads peering mildly over the half-doors of the loose boxes, you know that East Ilsley's business is training racehorses.
ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 164:
glosses: In a mild manner.
examples: text: a mildly amusing joke
text: The aroma is mildly sweet and lagery with pleasant hops; very pale gold color; the taste is clean and fresh, mildly malty, with a touch of hops in both the middle and finish; a remarkably thin body and lots of carbonation.
ref: 2005, Beverage Media, volume 81, numbers 3-4, page 685:
glosses: To a mild degree; slightly.
Derived terms: put it mildly
to put it mildly
openly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈoʊpənli/
Forms: form: more openly
form: most openly
Etymology: From open + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Nevertheless, without openly admitting it, he was devoted to Boxer;
ref: 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:
text: The openly ridiculous plot has The Pirate Captain (Hugh Grant) scheming to win the Pirate Of The Year competition, even though he’s a terrible pirate, far outclassed by rivals voiced by Jeremy Piven and Salma Hayek.
ref: 2012 April 26, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Reviews: The Pirates! Band Of Misfits :”, in The Onion AV Club:
text: We must speak our minds openly, debate our disagreements honestly, but always pursue solidarity.
ref: 2017 January 20, Donald Trump, “The Inaugural Address”, in The White House, archived from the original on 28 Mar 2020:
text: Particular note, in this period, should be made of the actions of Joseph Denman, commander of the Northern Division of the Squadron, who went on an absolutely ruthless and systematic campaign along the African coast, burning so-called "slaving factories" to the ground and openly daring anyone who objected to try and stop him.
ref: 2018 December 1, Drachinifel, 9:26 from the start, in Anti-Slavery Patrols - The West Africa Squadron, archived from the original on 29 Nov 2024:
text: When a column of smoke appeared on Thursday over the Sitong Bridge overpass in the Haidian district of Beijing, it drew attention to a protester who had hung banners openly bashing China’s top leader by name and criticizing the country’s “zero Covid” policy, including one calling for “freedom and not lockdowns.”
ref: 2022 October 14, Daisuke Wakabayashi, Claire Fu, “China’s Internet Censors Race to Quell Beijing Protest Chatter”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 14 Oct 2022, Asia Pacific:
glosses: In an open manner; visibly.
Related terms: in the open
out
erosion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈɹoʊʒən/
ipa: /əˈɹəʊʒən/
Forms: form: erosions
Etymology: From Middle French erosion, from Latin ērōsiō (“eating away”), derived from ērōdō.
The first known occurrence in English was in the 1541 translation by Robert Copland of Guy de Chauliac's medical text The Questyonary of Cyrurygens. Copland used erosion to describe how ulcers developed in the mouth. By 1774 erosion was used outside medical subjects. Oliver Goldsmith employed the term in the more contemporary geological context, in his book Natural History, with the quote
: "Bounds are thus put to the erosion of the earth by water."
Senses: examples: text: Father Ted: The cliffs were gone? How could they just disappear?
Dougal: Erosion.
ref: 1995, Graham Linehan & al., "Good Luck, Father Ted", Father Ted Series 1, Episode 1, Channel Four
text: Even second-generation biofuels, made from crop wastes or wood, are an environmental disaster, either extending the cultivated area or removing the straw and stovers which protect the soil from erosion and keep carbon and nutrients in the ground.
ref: 2012 August 24, George Monbiot, Guardian Weekly, page 20:
glosses: The result of having been worn away or eroded, as by a glacier on rock or the sea on a cliff face.
glosses: The changing of a surface by mechanical action, friction, thermal expansion contraction, or impact.
examples: text: the erosion of a person's trust
text: trademark erosion, caused by everyday use of the trademarked term
text: No social system that isn’t built upon the belief to the divine, or morality and traditional values, can withstand the erosion and degeneration of humankind’s morality, including democracy.
ref: 2020 November 8, Si Xiang, “The U.S. Election Is a Battle Between Good and Evil”, in Minghui:
glosses: The gradual loss of something as a result of an ongoing process.
glosses: Destruction by abrasive action of fluids.
topics: mathematics
sciences
qualifier: image processing
glosses: One of two fundamental operations in morphological image processing from which all other morphological operations are derived.
topics: dentistry
medicine
sciences
glosses: Loss of tooth enamel due to non-bacteriogenic chemical processes.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A shallow ulceration or lesion, usually involving skin or epithelial tissue.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: In morphology, a basic operation (denoted ⊖); see Erosion (morphology).
Derived terms: accelerated erosion
antierosion
bioerosion
circumerosion
electroerosion
erosional
erosionproof
erosive
microerosion
nonerosion
phonetic erosion
rill erosion
sheet erosion
splash erosion
trademark erosion
Related terms: erode
surcease
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈsiːs/
ipa: /ˈsɜːˌsiːs/
ipa: /ˈsɝˌsis/
ipa: /səɹˈsis/
rhymes: -iːs
Forms: form: surceases
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman surseser, from Old French sursis, past participle of surseoir, from Latin supersedēre. Spelling later influenced by association with unrelated cease, which likely also influenced the meaning. Related to supersede.
Senses: examples: text: And first of all, it is more then time, there were an ende and surcease made of this immodest and deformed manner of writting latelie entertained, whereby matter of religion is handled in the stile of the stage.
ref: 1589, Francis Bacon, “An advertisment touchinge the controversies of the Church of England”, in Frank J. Burgoyne, editor, Northumberland Manuscripts, London: Longmans, Green & Co, published 1904, page 36:
text: It it were done when ’tis done, then ’twere well / It were done quickly: if the assassination / Could trammel up the consequence, and catch / With his surcease success;
ref: c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene vii]:
text: […] vainly I had sought to borrow / From my books surcease of sorrow
ref: 1845 February, — Quarles [pseudonym; Edgar Allan Poe], “The Raven”, in The American Review, volume I, number II, New York, N.Y.; London: Wiley & Putnam, […], →OCLC:
text: […] old age is still old age.
It is the waning, not the crescent moon,
The dusk of evening, not the blaze of noon:
It is not strength, but weakness; not desire,
But its surcease; not the fierce heat of fire,
The burning and consuming element,
But that of ashes and of embers spent […]
ref: 1875, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “Morituri Salutamus”, in The Masque of Pandora, and Other Poems, Boston: James R. Osgood, page 90:
text: […] the time came when he sickened of the whole affair, and withdrew his agent, and took whatever gain from it the actor apportioned him. He was apt to have these sudden surceases, following upon the intensities of his earlier interest […]
ref: 1910, William Dean Howells, chapter 6, in My Mark Twain: Reminiscences and Criticisms, New York: Harper & Bros., page 23:
text: [Joe Stork, delivering a baby via taxiplane:] Why should I wear my wings out, when modern ingenuity offers surcease?
ref: 1934 July 27, George Herriman, Krazy Kat, comic strip, →ISBN, page 199:
text: For the individual who wishes to live in his time, to be a part of the future, the super-industrial revolution offers no surcease from change.
ref: 1970, Alvin Toffler, Future Shock, Bantam Books, page 217:
glosses: Cessation; stop, stopping; end. Respite, intermission.
surcease
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈsiːs/
ipa: /ˈsɜːˌsiːs/
ipa: /ˈsɝˌsis/
ipa: /səɹˈsis/
rhymes: -iːs
Forms: form: surceases
form: surceasing
form: surceased
form: surceased
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman surseser, from Old French sursis, past participle of surseoir, from Latin supersedēre. Spelling later influenced by association with unrelated cease, which likely also influenced the meaning. Related to supersede.
Senses: examples: text: […] this distilled liquor drink thou off; / When presently through all thy veins shall run / A cold and drowsy humour, for no pulse / Shall keep his native progress, but surcease:
ref: c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
text: 1899, Zénaïde A. Ragozin, Frithjof, The Viking of Norway in Frithjof, The Viking of Norway and Roland, The Paladin of France, Tales of the Heroic Ages, New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, Chapter 9, p. 67,
And instantly the storm surceases, the heavens clear, the sun comes forth in splendour, as a king entering the audience-hall, and sheds the glory of his presence over ship and sea and land.
glosses: To come to an end; to desist.
examples: text: The vvaves obedient to theyr beheaſt, / Them yielded ready paſſage, and their rage ſurceaſt.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 31:
text: Death dvvels vvithin vs, and if gentle Peace / Diſcend not ſoone, our ſorrovves to ſurceaſe, / Latium (alreadie quaild) vvill be deſtroyd.
ref: 1594, Robert Garnier, translated by Thomas Kid [i.e., Thomas Kyd], Pompey the Great, His Faire Corneliaes Tragedie: […], London: […] [James Roberts] for Nicholas Ling, published 1595, →OCLC, act I, signature B, verso:
text: The Nations, over-avv'd, ſurceaſe the Fight, / Immoveable their Bodies, fix’d their Sight: […]
ref: 1697, Virgil, “The Twelfth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, lines 1024–1025:
glosses: To bring to an end.
ineffectual
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪnɪˈfɛkt͡ʃuəl/
ipa: /ˌɪnəˈfɛkt͡ʃuəl/
Forms: form: more ineffectual
form: most ineffectual
form: ineffectuall
Etymology: From in- + effectual.
Senses: examples: text: 1865, Henry David Thoreau, Cape Cod, Chapter II. "Stage-coach Views", page 16.
This coach was an exceedingly narrow one, but as there was a slight spherical excess over two on a seat, the driver waited till nine passengers had got in, without taking the measure of any of them, and then shut the door after two or three ineffectual slams, as if the fault were all in the hinges or the latch,—while we timed our inspirations and expirations so as to assist him.
text: Until the recent rash of North London line maps appeared on station billboards in the London area of BR, the service undoubtedly suffered from meagre and ineffectual publicity.
ref: 1964 July 24, “News and Comment: The Broad Street-Richmond line”, in Modern Railways, page 17:
text: And this is where the larger problem lies: when states try to enforce impossible bans, everyone loses. 3D printing farragoes have all the hallmarks of the absolute worst kind of ineffectual ban: one which encourages overly draconian laws that carry huge side effects, and that ultimately to have little to no effect.
ref: 2013 May 10, James Ball, “US government attempts to stifle 3D-printer gun designs will ultimately fail”, in The Guardian:
synonyms: word: futile
word: bootless
word: futile
word: fruitless
word: gainless
word: idle
word: inane
word: ineffectual
word: inefficacious
word: inutile
word: pointless
word: profitless
word: purposeless
word: unavailing
word: unprofitable
word: unuseful
word: unutilizable
word: useless
word: vain
word: void
glosses: Unable or insufficient to produce effect.
glosses: Worthless; ineffective.
examples: text: Our group leader proved highly ineffectual, caving to every whim put forth by the other members.
glosses: Weak, indecisive; lacking forcefulness.
Synonyms: feckless
Derived terms: ineffectual dependent
ineffectuality
ineffectualize
ineffectually
ineffectualness
ineffectuate
iterative aspect
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A subclass of imperfective verbs that denote a continuously repeated action. An example in English would be the iterative verb sniffle, as opposed to the noniterative sniff.
Synonyms: word: aspect
Related terms: aorist aspect
imperfective aspect
perfective aspect
semelfactive aspect
psychrometric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more psychrometric
form: most psychrometric
Etymology: From psychro- + -metric.
Senses: glosses: relating to the measurement or study of the thermodynamic properties of moist air.
glosses: From or relating to a psychrometer.
Derived terms: psychrometric chart
transacetylase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: transacetylases
Etymology: From trans- + acetyl + -ase.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group from one molecule to another. It is produced by the ‘a’ structural gene of the lac operon.
Synonyms: acetyltransferase
Related terms: coenzyme A
psychrometry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /saɪˈkɹɒmɪtɹi/
ipa: /saɪˈkɹɑmətɹi/
Forms: form: psychrometries
Etymology: From psychro- (prefix meaning ‘cold’) + -metry (suffix forming nouns relating to measures and measurement), modelled after psychrometer.
Senses: topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
thermodynamics
glosses: Synonym of psychrometrics (“the measurement or study of the physical and thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere and its water vapour”).
synonyms: word: psychrometrics
extra: the measurement or study of the physical and thermodynamic properties of the atmosphere and its water vapour
Related terms: psychrometer
psychrometric
psychrometrical
psychrometrically
psychrometric chart
psychrometrics
hygrometer
hygrometry
psychrometric chart
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: psychrometric charts
Senses: glosses: A graph or chart showing the relationships of the thermodynamic properties of moist air.