cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
retinene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: retinenes
Etymology: From retina + -ene.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Either of two carotenoid pigments found in the retina and produced from vitamin A; retinal
retinaldehyde
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Either of two carotenoid pigments found in the retina and produced from vitamin A; retinal
dehydroretinaldehyde
rod cell
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rod cells
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Any of the cylindrical photoreceptor cells in the retina that function in dim light levels.
Coordinate terms: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
word: cone cell
cone cell
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cone cells
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Any of the photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for colour vision in relatively bright light.
Coordinate terms: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
word: rod cell
iPods
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of iPod
protanopia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: protanopias
Etymology: From proto- (“first (color)”) + an- (“without”) + -opia (“vision”).
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A form of color blindness. Involves a defect in distinguishing between red and green.
Related terms: protanope
protanopic
protanomaly
deuteranopia
tritanopia
deuteranopia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: deuteranopias
Etymology: From deutero- (“second (color)”) + an- (“without”) + -opia (“vision”).
Senses: examples: text: Deuteranomalous subjects show ordering behaviour similar to the behaviour of normal colour vision subjects, but less like their colleagues with deuteranopia.
ref: 1995, T. N. White, D. Bosman, “4: Colour-deficient operators in process-control environments”, in Harman Kragt, editor, Enhancing Industrial Performance: Experiences With Integrating The Human Factor, page 79:
text: A human with color blindness in the form of deuteranopia is missing the M cones and has only S and L cones present, resulting in a neutral point where the spectral absorption curves of the remaining pigments cross.
ref: 2001, Ronald G. Boothe, Perception of the Visual Environment, page 210:
text: Dichromacy is a moderately severe color vision defect. It is hereditary and, in the case of protanopia or deuteranopia, sex-linked, affecting predominantly males.
ref: 2013, Frank Joseph Goes, “4: Daltonism Color Blindness”, in Frank Joseph Goes, editor, The Eye in History, page 36:
glosses: A form of color blindness in which the retina is deficient in or lacks cone cells containing opsins that respond to the color green, resulting in an inability to distinguish red from green.
Hypernyms: sense: form of color blindness
word: color blindness
sense: form of color blindness
word: dichromacy
sense: form of color blindness
word: red-green color blindness
Derived terms: deuteranopic
Related terms: deuteranope
protanopia
tritanopia
achromatopsia
cone dystrophy
daltonism
Daltonism
deuteranomaly
dichromacy
protanomaly
tetrachromacy
trichromacy
tritanomaly
tritanopia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tritanopias
Etymology: From trito- (“third (color)”) + an- (“without”) + -opia (“vision”).
Senses: examples: text: Tritanopia is an extremely rare hereditary condition corresponding to a loss in function of the short wavelength sensitive cones. To produce transient tritanopia, the eye of the normal observer is first strongly adapted to a yellow light that maximally adapts the pigment of the long and middle wavelength cones, but has relatively less influence on the short wavelength sensitive cones.
ref: 1990, T. E. Frumkes, “7: Classical and Modern Psychological Studies of Dark and Light Adaptation”, in K. Nicholas Leibovic, editor, Science of Vision, page 203:
text: 1997, M. Alpern, K. Kitahara, D. H. Krantz, 9: Perception of Colour in Unilateral Tritanopia, Alex Byrne, David R. Hilbert (editors), Readings on Color, Volume 2: The Science of Color, page 231,
M. Alpern et. al 1983 gives results of colour matching and colour discrimination for each eye separately of a subject who acquired tritanopia in his left eye while remaining a normal trichromat with his right one.
text: People with an inborn blue-green blindness (tritanopia) may completely lack the function of these receptor cells.[…]The inheritance of inborn tritanopia is not sex-linked; the gene for the S-cone opsin is localized to chromosome 7.
ref: 2016, Daniel Kernell, Colours and Colour Vision: An Introductory Survey, page 167:
topics: medicine
ophthalmology
sciences
glosses: A form of color blindness in which the retina is deficient in or lacks cone cells containing opsins that respond to the color blue, resulting in an inability to distinguish blue from green.
Hypernyms: sense: form of color blindness
word: color blindness
sense: form of color blindness
word: blue-yellow color blindness
Related terms: deuteranopia
protanopia
tritanope
achromatopsia
cone dystrophy
deuteranomaly
dichromacy
tetrachromacy
trichromacy
tritanomaly
opsins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of opsin
apperceptive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more apperceptive
form: most apperceptive
Senses: glosses: Involving or relating to perception.
Derived terms: apperceptive agnosia
apperceptively
Related terms: apperception
machine language
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: machine languages
Senses: examples: text: Machine language is certainly the most efficient language on the Apple, albeit the least pleasant in which to code. The Monitor has special facilities for those of you who are determined to use machine language to simplify creating, writing, and debugging machine language programs.
ref: 1979, Apple II Reference Manual, Cupertino: Apple Computer Inc., page 48:
text: Though machine language is efficient for computers, it is inefficient for programmers.
ref: 1986, Lawrence S. Orilia, Computers and Information:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: The set of instructions that a particular computer is designed to execute; generated from an assembly language by an assembler, or from a high-level language by a compiler or interpreter.
Synonyms: machine code
smallclothes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From small + clothes.
Senses: examples: text: Even fashions, otherwise convenient, as the trousers that have so long taken place of smallclothes, often perhaps owe their continuance to some general defect . . .
ref: 1841, Leigh Hunt, Essays:
text: 'Only look at his jacket, mother!' cried Annie; 'and a shillingsworth gone from his small-clothes!'
ref: 1869, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, chapter XI, in Lorna Doone: A Romance of Exmoor. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Sampson Low, Son, & Marston, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Knee-length breeches, worn especially in the 18th century.
examples: text: One hand slid up her thigh and underneath her smallclothes.
ref: 2000 August 8, George R[aymond] R[ichard] Martin, “”, in A Storm of Swords (A Song of Ice and Fire; 3), London: Voyager, →ISBN, page 701:
text: Are red socks a secret handshake, a mark of Etonhood, of an allegiance to the place both claimed and disclaimed? And having seen one pair I'm noticing them all over the place, a conspiracy of smallclothes.
ref: 2007 April 10, Tobias Hill, “School Stories”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 03 Oct 2014:
glosses: Underwear and other small items of clothing.
simultanagnosia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: simultanagnosias
form: simultagnosia
Senses: glosses: Difficulty in perceiving more than one object simultaneously.
Related terms: agnosia
Bálint's syndrome
market price
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: market prices
Senses: examples: text: 1776, Adam Smith, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations: Book I: Chapter 7: Of the natural and market Price of Commodities
The actual price at which any commodity is commonly sold is called its market price. It may either be above, or below, or exactly the same with its natural price.
text: For those that chose to buy based on their usage (mainly non-franchised freight and open access operators), NR passes on the costs of electricity at the market price for that month, hence the significant increases being experienced by the likes of Freightliner.
ref: 2021 October 20, “Network News: How do operators buy electricity?”, in RAIL, number 942, page 7:
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: The price at which a product, financial instrument, service or other tradable item can be bought and sold at an open market; the going price.
glosses: On restaurant menus, used to mean the price charged depends on the price of supplies, which may vary.
Synonyms: sense: restaurant menu price
word: mp
sense: restaurant menu price
word: as quoted
sense: restaurant menu price
word: aq
Derived terms: mp
Related terms: natural price
curtain call
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: curtain calls
Senses: examples: text: I've taken my bows / And my curtain calls
ref: 1977, Freddie Mercury, “We Are the Champions”, in News of the World, performed by Queen:
glosses: The moment at the end of a performance when actors come back on the stage and thank the audience for applauding them for their performance.
final curtain
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: final curtains
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
theater
antonyms: curtain-raiser
glosses: The last time the curtain is lowered, after a performance and any curtain calls.
examples: text: We're coming down to the final curtain of this whole palaver.
text: Love them or loathe them, Pacers have been part of the railway scene for over 40 years.
Their demise has been promised for a while, but in 2020 the final curtain will be drawn for network operation of these units - although no doubt some will continue to be 'enjoyed' on heritage lines for many years to come.
ref: 2020 May 20, John Crosse, “Soon to be gone... but never forgotten”, in Rail, page 60:
glosses: The end to something that has lasted for a long time.
Related terms: bring down the curtain
curtains
curtain time
coccidioidomycosis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: coccidioidomycoses
Etymology: From Coccidioides + -o- + mycosis.
Senses: examples: text: Rather better reported are figures for coccidioidomycosis, which is more commonly known as valley fever.
ref: 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 43:
topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: California fever
desert rheumatism
California valley fever
San Joaquin Valley fever
valley fever
glosses: An infectious respiratory disease caused by inhalation of the fungus Coccidioides immitis.
Derived terms: coccidioidomycotic
needle-sharp
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more needle-sharp
form: most needle-sharp
Senses: glosses: Very sharp; as sharp as a needle
glosses: very high-pitched.
raw_tags: of a sound
mortgages
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of mortgage
mortgages
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of mortgage
institutes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of institute
institutes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of institute
brown rats
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of brown rat
black rats
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of black rat
profanities
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of profanity
general strike
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: general strikes
Senses: glosses: A coordinated work stoppage by a substantial proportion of the workers of a particular city, region or state, normally to achieve economic or political goals.
oupire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oupires
Etymology: Borrowed from Polish upiór. Doublet of vampire.
Senses: glosses: A vampire, an evil spirit.
flakeboard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: flakeboards
Etymology: From flake + board.
Senses: glosses: A type of board manufactured from wood flakes
Coordinate terms: plywood
waferboard
fiberboard
particle board
oriented strand board
firetrap
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: firetraps
Etymology: From fire + trap.
Senses: glosses: A building that is dangerously flammable and/or has limited emergency exits in which people would be trapped in the event of a fire.
ochlophobia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὄχλος (ókhlos, “crowd”) + -phobia, equivalent to ochlo- + -phobia.
Senses: examples: text: Those who suffer enochlophobia, demophobia or ochlophobia–the fear of crowds–are not being entirely irrational.
ref: 2003 January 31, The Daily Telegraph, Sydney:
glosses: A phobia, or fear, of mob-like crowds, as opposed to simply open spaces like agoraphobia or large crowds as with enochlophobia.
Related terms: ochlophobist
fibromyalgia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˌfaɪbroʊmaɪˈældʒə/
Forms: form: fibromyalgias
Etymology: From fibro- (“tissue”) + my- (“muscle”) + -algia (“pain”).
Senses: examples: text: They have since used the approach to look at the brains of people with fibromyalgia, a mysterious syndrome that causes pain all over the body. Volunteers with fibromyalgia also had more active glial cells in their brains, although this time in the cerebellar cortex and the medulla – regions that are linked to movement and automatic functions like breathing and digestion.
ref: 2016 November 26, Jessica Hamzelou, “Hitting where it hurts”, in New Scientist, number 3101, page 36:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A condition characterized by chronic pain, stiffness, and tenderness of the muscles, tendons, and joints.
Derived terms: fibromyalgianess
fibromyalgic
raccoon dog
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: raccoon dogs
Senses: examples: text: OBLIVIOUS to his sterilisation, Judas the raccoon dog treks through Sweden’s countryside in search of a mate. At last he finds one, only for their liaison to end when she is shot. He trudges on and finds another, but she is killed too. This is his destiny: he is a radio-tagged lure leading hunters to the last live raccoon dogs in the country.
ref: 2016, Aisling Irwin, Furry aliens on Europe’s hit list: New Scientist, number 3063, page 8:
synonyms: mangut
tanuki
glosses: A canid of the genus Nyctereutes, native to East Asia and widely introduced elsewhere in other cool parts of Eurasia.
Related terms: Japanese marten
blackwash
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ækwɒʃ
Forms: form: blackwashes
Etymology: From black + -wash or black + wash (depending on sense).
Senses: glosses: A whitewash victory for any New Zealand national sporting team.
topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A whitewash victory for the West Indies cricket team. Started in the 1984–86 "Blackwash" series of the West Indian cricket team in England in 1984.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A lotion made by mixing calomel and limewater.
topics: business
mining
glosses: Public campaigns and advertising funded by the coal industry to draw attention away from environmentally unsustainable practices or to justify exclusion from carbon taxes.
topics: government
politics
glosses: A villainization campaign.
Synonyms: sense: New Zealand victory
word: blackout
Derived terms: blackwashing
blackwashed
blackwash
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ækwɒʃ
Forms: form: blackwashes
form: blackwashing
form: blackwashed
form: blackwashed
Etymology: From black + -wash or black + wash (depending on sense).
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonyms: tar, smear, besmirch
text: Mistrusting my own prejudices, I have taken the story from the two parliamentary papers in which our officials have done their utmost to whitewash the tribunals and the pigeon-shooting party, and to blackwash the villagers.
ref: 1904, George Bernard Shaw, John Bull's Other Island, page lxii:
antonyms: whitewash#Verb
launder#Verb
rehabilitate
glosses: To villainize, to present in a damaging light.
examples: text: The masts of British frigates and U.S. warships blackwashed the piers at the Embarcadero.
ref: 2004, Peter Plate, Fogtown, page 109:
text: I do not care whether a man whitewashes or blackwashes his fence, or whether he uses guano or barnyard manure, or what his mode of cultivation may be, the question is, Does he get good fruit?
ref: 1892, Henry Ward Beecher, Plymouth Pulpit: Sermons Preached in Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, Sept 1873-Sept 1874, Volume 2:
synonyms: blacken
coordinate_terms: tar#Verb
glosses: To cover with a black color.
examples: text: Basquiat's epic-size, experimental canvases betray his radical determination to blackwash not solely history but art history.
ref: 2019, Celeste-Marie Bernier, Stick to the Skin, page 102:
text: TheCYGamer, for example, called out the game for liberal propaganda, stating that, "[…] This is straight up blackwashing history to please the SJW's."
ref: 2022, Stefan Aguirre Quiroga, White Mythic Space: Racism, the First World War, and Battlefield 1:
hypernyms: misportray
coordinate_terms: word: blackify
word: ;
word: negrify
word: negrofy
word: negroize
glosses: To portray in a revisionist fashion as belonging to a black race of people.
Derived terms: blackwasher
Related terms: blackface
as soon as possible
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: ASAP
form: asap
Senses: glosses: As soon as is possible; at one's earliest convenience; at the earliest possible time.
Synonyms: ASAP
Related terms: as much as possible
as quickly as possible
encephalopathies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of encephalopathy
hypoglycemics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hypoglycemic
teratogenesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: teratogeneses
Etymology: From terato- + -genesis.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
teratology
glosses: The development of congenital malformations.
Synonyms: teratogeny
Related terms: teratogen
teratogenetic
teratogenicity
teratogeny
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
teratology
glosses: teratogenesis.
teratogeneses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of teratogenesis
teratogenicity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: teratogenicities
Etymology: From teratogenic + -ity.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
teratology
glosses: The capability to cause malformations or defects to an embryo or foetus.
teratologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: teratologists
Etymology: From teratology + -ist.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
teratology
glosses: A scientist specializing in teratology.
teratological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From teratology + -ical.
Senses: examples: text: In Jack London's urban gothic, the city's teratological economy comes to light in grotesque animal allegories.
ref: 1998, Christophe Den Tandt, The Urban Sublime in American Literary Naturalism:
topics: medicine
sciences
teratology
glosses: Of or relating to teratology.
topics: medicine
sciences
teratology
glosses: Of abnormal growth or structure of a fetus or embryo.
Synonyms: teratologic
teratologists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of teratologist
Nash
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /næʃ/
rhymes: -æʃ
homophone: gnash
Forms: form: Nashes
form: Naish
Senses: glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, previously in Aylesbury Vale district (OS grid ref SP7834).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A hamlet near Keston, borough of Bromley, Greater London (OS grid ref TQ4063).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A hamlet in Rodd, Nash and Little Brampton parish, Herefordshire (OS grid ref SO3062).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A hamlet in Ash parish, Dover district, Kent (OS grid ref TR2659).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England (OS grid ref SO6071).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A hamlet in East Coker parish, Somerset, previously in South Somerset district (OS grid ref ST5313).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United Kingdom: the names are derived from Middle English atten ash (“at the ash tree”).
A village and community in Newport, Wales (OS grid ref ST3483).
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United States:
A census-designated place in Walsh County, North Dakota; named for the Nash brothers, early settlers.
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United States:
A town in Grant County, Oklahoma.
glosses: A placename
A locale in the United States:
A city in Bowie County, Texas; named for railroad executive Martin Manny Nash.
glosses: A placename
A village in Gilan Province, Iran.
glosses: A surname.
An English habitational surname from Middle English from the places in England.
glosses: A surname.
A habitational surname from Irish of Anglo-Norman origin, an anglicization of Irish de Nais or de Nás, both from the English surname.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname, of modern America usage.
Derived terms: Nash County
Nashian
Nash Mills
Nashville
Rodd, Nash and Little Brampton
Related terms: word: Ashton
word: Ash
word: Tash
Nash
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /næʃ/
rhymes: -æʃ
homophone: gnash
Forms: form: Nashes
Senses: glosses: A former make of American automobile manufactured by Nash Motors, and later American Motors Corporation.
Sichuan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɪt͡ʃ.wɑn/
ipa: /ˌsɪˈt͡ʃwɑn/
ipa: /ˌsəˈt͡ʃwɑn/
ipa: /ˌsiˈt͡ʃwɑn/
note: hyperforeign
ipa: /ˈsɛʃ.wɑn/
note: hyperforeign
ipa: /ˈsɛt͡ʃ.wɑn/
Forms: form: Szechuan
form: Szechwan
form: Ssu-ch'uan
form: Ssŭ-ch'uan
form: Suchuen
form: Szechuen
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 四川 (Sìchuān), a contraction of the Southern Song 四川路 (Sìchuān lù).
Senses: examples: text: In Suchue, on Mount Tiexe, the ſtones that grow there being burnt in the fire, drop Iron, which is very fit for the making Swords.
ref: [1669, John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, →OCLC, page 242:
text: SUchuen, which ſignifies Four Waters, is a great Countrey, ſeparated by the River Kiang, into a Northern and Southern part ; Bordering in the Eaſt upon Huquang ; in the South-Eaſt upon Queicheu ; and hath in the North-Eaſt and North Xenſi ; in the North-Weſt, the People Koningguangi and Kiang ; or the Countreys which Paulus Venetus makes to be Preſter John's, which the Chineſes by one general Name call'd Sifan ; and in the Weſt, Tibet, and the moſt Southern part of the Province of Junnan.
ref: [1671, Arnoldus Montanus, translated by John Ogilby, Atlas Chinensis, London: Tho. Johnson, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 512:
text: Such was the argument of three highly placed gentlemen of Hubei, graduates of the Japanese military academy and losers in Hubei’s internal conflicts who appeared in Changsha in early 1921. It was also the argument of Xiong Ke-wu, a former military governor of Sichuan whose June visit was concealed behind layers of lies and half truths (he said he was in Changsha to study self-government; gossips in the know said that he was secretly a spokesman for Wang Zhan-yuan).
ref: 1978, Angus W. McDonald, Jr., “Power”, in The Urban Origins of Rural Revolution: Elites and the Masses in Hunan Province, China, 1911-1927, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 50-51:
text: China’s agriculture ministry said on Wednesday two new African swine fever outbreaks were confirmed in Sichuan and Qinghai provinces.
The new case in the city of Bazhong in Sichuan killed 19 of 117 pigs present on a farm, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said in a statement on its website.
ref: 2018 December 12, Beijing Monitoring Desk, “China reports new African swine fever outbreaks in Sichuan, Qinghai provinces”, in Christian Schmollinger, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 12 Dec 2018, Health News:
text: About 80 percent of wild giant pandas live in Sichuan province. The rest are in Gansu and Shaanxi.
ref: 2019 May 27, “Rare albino panda discovered in China”, in DW News, archived from the original on 27 May 2019, News:
glosses: A province in central China. Capital: Chengdu.
wikipedia: Cambridge University Press
Derived terms: word: Sichuanese
taxonomic: Ligustrum sinense
word: Sichuan lovage
taxonomic: Zanthoxylum spp.
word: Sichuan pepper
ogives
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ogive
ogival
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈəʊɡaɪvəl/
ipa: /ˈəʊd͡ʒaɪvəl/
ipa: /ˈoʊɡaɪvəl/
ipa: /ˈoʊd͡ʒaɪvəl/
rhymes: -aɪvəl
Forms: form: more ogival
form: most ogival
Etymology: From ogive + -al.
Senses: glosses: Having the curved, pointed shape of an ogive.
glosses: Possessing ogives.
Related terms: ogive
teleported
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of teleport
teleports
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of teleport
teleports
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of teleport
teleporting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of teleport
U.S. of A.
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the U.S. of A.
form: US of A
Senses: examples: text: The work that many of us have done for many years in supporting the Vietnamese, the Chilean Resistance, Sovereignty for Panama, as well as trying to build a leftist movement in the good old U. S. of A.
ref: 1976 February 14, Michael Bumblebee, “Gay Folks and The 'Hard Times'”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 33, page 3:
text: News of my death would surely make the headlines in all the big newspapers back home in the US of A.
ref: 1985, Barbara Savage, Miles from Nowhere: A Round the World Bicycle Adventure:
text: Elvis Presley's genius was first captured by Sam Phillips in Sun Studios, all the way down in Memphis, in the southern states of the US of A, in 1956.
ref: 2003, Propaganda: 20 years of the official U2 Magazine, page 130:
text: We're making the U.S. of A. as strong as she ought to be.
ref: 2005, Robert Ludlam, The Ambler Warning, page 190:
glosses: Abbreviation of United States of America.
Related terms: US of America
US of A
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the US of A
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of U.S. of A..
commedia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: commedias
Senses: examples: text: The second approach is to plunge the spectator unapologetically into the world of the commedia without any realistic setting to frame it. This approach offers the commedia as a fantasy world, an escape into a theatrical dream (or nightmare) inhabited commedia characters, usually reduced to a stock few centred around the Pierrot-Harlequin-Columbine triangle. Examples of this type of commedia include Dowson’s Pierrot of the Minute, Schnitzler’s Der Schleier der Pierrette, Hennique and Huysman’s Pierrot sceptique, and Laforgue’s Pierrot fumiste. Commedias of this type generally take the form of a lyrical fantasy, an intimate expression of the poet that may or may not be intended for the stage, and the form contains a strong tendency towards wordless pantomime and ballet. Both the approaches to the use of commedia in the modern theatre that I have sketched here can be found in Russian plays of the period.
ref: 1993, J. Douglas Clayton, “Pierrot or Petrushka? Russian Harlequinades”, in Pierrot in Petrograd: The Commedia dell’Arte/Balagan in Twentieth-Century Russian Theatre and Drama, Montreal, Que.: McGill-Queen’s University Press, →ISBN, page 133:
text: The process of compiling and combining the disparate sources of a commedia performance could take several forms. Commedia troupes put together zibaldoni, or commonplace books, in which they gathered together and archived pre-existing written materials for insertion into their works as the situation permitted.
ref: 2003, Danielle Anna Amato, Collage Corporeality: Body and Technology in Contemporary American Performance, University of California, San Diego; University of California, Irvine, page 64:
text: According to modern scholarship, women had a crucial role in the development of comedy and in the art of improvisation in the commedia dell’arte, a “secret” so well kept for the last four centuries that common knowledge and a large body of scholarship recognized for a long time mostly the male clowns, the likes of Arlecchino, Pulcinella, and Buratino as the great creators of burlesque and slapstick humor, hardly mentioning any women. Although the great commedia actresses have received throughout the centuries a certain amount of praise from commedia historians and critics, they are rarely presented as creators of humor in their own right.
ref: 2012, Domnica Radulescu, “Introduction”, in Women’s Comedic Art as Social Revolution: Five Performers and the Lessons of Their Subversive Humor, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, Inc., →ISBN, page 7:
glosses: Ellipsis of commedia dell'arte.
ich-laut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: properly
ipa: /ˈɪçlaʊ̯t/
note: anglicised
ipa: /ˈɪxlaʊ̯t/
ipa: /ˈɪklaʊ̯t/
ipa: /ˈɪʃlaʊ̯t/
Forms: form: ich-lauts
Etymology: From German Ich-Laut, from ich (“I”) (which has this sound in German) + Laut (“sound”).
Senses: glosses: the voiceless palatal fricative, /ç/, especially in the context of the German language, but also sometimes otherwise (because it is best known from German)
Related terms: ach-laut
cell-phone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cell-phones
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of cell phone.
magnesium peroxide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A fine white powder, MgO₂, used as a bleach and disinfectant
self-effacement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: self-effacements
Etymology: From self- + effacement.
Senses: examples: text: John likes to remain unnoticed and does so naturally through the self-effacement found in his personality.
glosses: The act of keeping oneself in the background, as in humility.
Derived terms: self-effacingness
self-effacing
self-effacingly
anthropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ænˈθɹɒp.ɪk/
ipa: /ænˈθɹɑ.pɪk/
ipa: [ɛənˈθɹɑ.pɪk]
ipa: /ænˈθɹɔp.ɪk/
rhymes: -ɒpɪk
Etymology: Originated 1795–1805, from Ancient Greek ἄνθρωπικός (ánthrōpikós, “pertaining to human”).
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to mankind or humans, or the period of humanity's existence.
Synonyms: word: anthropic
word: human
word: humanish
word: humanlike
Hypernyms: word: mammalian
word: organismal
word: organismic
word: vertebrate
word: zoological
Hyponyms: word: childish
word: childlike
word: childly
word: junior
word: juvenile
word: puerile
word: infantile
word: adolescent
word: teen
word: teenage
word: boyish
word: boylike
word: boyly
word: girlish
word: girllike
word: girly
word: puellile
word: puelline
word: adult
word: adultlike
word: grownup
word: mature
word: elderly
word: geriatric
word: senior
word: manly
word: masculine
word: mennish
word: feminine
word: womanly
Derived terms: anthropical
anthropically
anthropic coincidence
anthropic principle
exoanthropic
misanthropic
nonanthropic
paleoanthropic
pre-anthropic
synanthropic
theanthropic
Related terms: word: anthropoid
word: humanly
word: humanoid
word: hominine
word: personal
word: bodily
word: intellectual
word: visceral
school crossing attendant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: school crossing attendants
Senses: glosses: A person employed to help children to cross a road safely, usually wearing reflective clothing and carrying a sign instructing vehicles to stop.
Synonyms: word: crossing guard
word: lollipop lady
word: lollipop man
bloodletting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bloodlettings
form: blood-letting
Etymology: From blood + letting, equal to bloodlet + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: The pungent pain, dyspnœa, cephalalgia, redness of the face, pulsations of the heart, strong and rapid, the pulse full and vibrating, induced M. Peyrade, then attached to that hospital, to practise blood-letting in the arm. It was followed with marked relief.
ref: 1833, R. J. Bertin, translated by Charles W. Chauncy, Treatise on the Diseases of the Heart, and Great Vessels, Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blnachard, page 207:
topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: bleeding
glosses: The archaic practice of treating illness by removing some blood, believed to be tainted, from the stricken person.
examples: text: Yet another round of corporate bloodletting.
text: Only when the bankers and industrialists abroad realized that a ferocious class struggle in Germany was raging did they begin to relent somewhat on their economic bloodletting.
ref: 2004 July 1, Leslie Feinberg, “Sexual freedom vs. fascism in Germany”, in Workers World:
glosses: The diminishment of any resource with the hope that this will lead to a positive effect.
examples: text: In 1856 Tu Wen-hsiu rose up in rebellion and occupied Ta-li.[...]"The conflict between the Han Chinese and the Moslems began over trifles. It has developed into a tragedy of mutual bloodletting because of poor management by the civil and military officials at Yung-ch'ang county and of Yunnan province. As a result, the mutual killing spread throughout Yunnan. The fault lies not with the people but with the officials."
ref: 1981, “Mid-Century Rebels”, in Jeh-hang Lai, transl., edited by Patricia Buckley Ebrey, Chinese Civilization and Society: A Sourcebook, New York: The Free Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 230:
synonyms: bloodshed
glosses: A circumstance, such as a battle, where a large amount of blood is likely to be spilled through violence.
Related terms: bloodlet
bloodletting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: blood-letting
Etymology: From blood + letting, equal to bloodlet + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of bloodlet
bloodlettings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of bloodletting
diminishment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: diminishments
Etymology: From diminish + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: They also shewed forth the letters which hee had sent to the Duke of Irelande, to leuie an armie vnto theyr destruction. Likewise the letters which the Frenche king had written to him conteyning a safe conducte for him to come into Fraunce, there to confyrme things to the diminishment of his honor, to the decay of his power, and losse of his fame.
ref: 1577, Raphael Holinshed et al., “King Richard the seconde”, in The Firste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande, London: John Hunne, page 1037:
text: 1902, G. K. Chesterton, “The Characteristics of Robert Louis Stevenson” in G. K. Chesterton and William Robertson Nicoll, Robert Louis Stevenson, London: Hodder and Stoughton, p. 9,
All great men possess in themselves the qualities which will certainly lay them open to censure and diminishment; but these inevitable deficiencies in the greatness of great men vary in the widest degree of variety.
text: 1929, William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury, New York: Vintage, 1946, Appendix, “Quentin,” p. 424,
[…] this was Jason’s rage, the red unbearable fury which on that night and at intervals recurring with little or no diminishment for the next five years, made him seriously believe would at some unwarned instant destroy him […]
text: I think the Western tradition has been a marvelous, wonderful tradition. But it’s not the only tradition full of great ideas. And I’m not talking about any diminishment of standards. Even by the most conservative notion of what is good and bad, we will find excellence in other cultures, like the great Indian cultures, the great Chinese cultures, the great African cultures.
ref: 1991 April 22, Breena Clarke, Susan Tifft, “A ‘Race Man’ Argues for a Broader Curriculum”, in Time:
text: The impact on rural communities of rail closures was acute, but I would argue that the worst outcome it created was the long-term diminishment of suburban capacity outside London, which has had a far more insidious effect on rail usage nationally.
ref: 2023 March 8, Gareth Dennis, “The Reshaping of things to come...”, in RAIL, number 978, page 49:
synonyms: decline
diminution
lessening
reduction
glosses: The act of diminishing; reducing in size, quantity, or quality.
diminishments
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of diminishment
txtspk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Alteration of textspeak, having had all its vowels removed.
Senses: examples: text: Use correct English (or the appropriate language for non-English channels). Txtspk and 13375p34k (modern variants of the English language used for mobile and online communications) are obnoxious to some and completely incomprehensible to others.
ref: 2011, Ben Melançon, Susan Stewart, chapter 9, in The Definitive Guide to Drupal 7, Apress, →ISBN, page 200:
glosses: Abbreviation of textspeak.
textspeak
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈtɛkst.spik/
Etymology: From text + -speak.
Senses: examples: text: For 40 years the society has championed good English – and hasn't been above the occasional criticism of the Queen's own standards of English – but it has finally conceded it cannot survive in the era of textspeak and Twitter.
ref: 2012 June 4, Lewis Smith, “Queen’s English Society says enuf is enough, innit?: Society formed 40 years ago to protect language against poor spelling and grammar closes because too few people care”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 10 Mar 2016:
synonyms: textese
hypernyms: netspeak
coordinate_terms: chatspeak
leetspeak
glosses: The abbreviated, simplified form of language used in text messages, which often elides vowels and omits punctuation and capitalisation.
Related terms: SMS
militsia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: militsias
form: militsiya
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian мили́ция (milícija), from Polish milicja, from Latin militia. Doublet of militia.
Senses: glosses: The police in the Soviet Union and some related or successor states (e.g., modern Belarus).
diphone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaɪ.fəʊn/
rhymes: -aɪfəʊn
Forms: form: diphones
Etymology: From di- + phone.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
glosses: A pair of adjacent phones.
diphones
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈdaɪ.fəʊnz/
Senses: glosses: plural of diphone
thô
Language: English
Part of speech: conj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ðəʊ/
ipa: /ðoʊ/
rhymes: -əʊ
Senses: examples: text: For thô he was one of our Authors Hereditary Kings, he claim'd no Power to convey the Crown, either by Cession, Resignation or Will.
ref: 1714, Mr. Asgill, The Succession of the House of Hannover Vindicated, Against the Pretender’s Second Declaration in Folio, intitled, The Hereditary Right of the Crown of England asserted, &c., J. Roberts, page 151:
text: The whole shew lasted near 8 hours, to my great sorrow, who was heartily tir’d, thô I was in the House of the Widow of the Capitan Bassa (Admiral), who refresh’d me with Coffée, Sweetmeats, Sherbet, etc., with all possible Civillity.
ref: a. 1721, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, [Letter]; republished as The Complete Letters of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu: 1708-1720, Oxford University Press, 1965, page 357:
glosses: Abbreviation of though.
pack-rat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pack-rats
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of pack rat.
pack rat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pack rats
form: packrat
form: pack-rat
Etymology: From pack + rat.
Senses: synonyms: woodrat
glosses: Any of several small North American rodents, of the genus Neotoma, that have bushy tails.
glosses: One who collects or hoards, especially unnecessary objects.
Derived terms: sense: verbal form
word: packrat
word: packrattery
hand-wringing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hand-wringings
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of hand wringing.
hand wringing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hand wringings
form: handwringing
form: hand-wringing
Senses: examples: text: Whisperings filled the corridors with unearthly sounds — the hand-wringing and breast-beating of the elder sisters — the sighs and sobs of the younger.
ref: 1862, Anna Maria Hall, chapter XIII, in Can Wrong Be Right?:
glosses: The repeated clasping or squeezing of the hands as a symptom of distress.
examples: text: On the one hand, there is the danger of ineffectual and often counterproductive conservative handwringing over the crisis.
ref: 2001, Thomas W. Smith, Revaluing Ethics: Aristotle's Dialectical Pedagogy, page 1:
text: As noted, the confusion and hand wringing about who should do what mostly flows from a failure to clearly think through what an epidemic is and what will be demanded in response.
ref: 2003, Daniel K. Akaka, Fema's Role in Managing Bioterrorist Attacks and The Impact of Public Health Concerns on Bioterrorism Preparedness, page 69:
text: And Andrew Marantz reminisced about Tucker Carlson’s wondrous reign at Fox News: “And who could forget the ‘Tucker Carlson Originals’ special ‘The End of Men,’ […]? That special also featured hand-wringing about ‘soy boys,’ paeans to raw-egg slonkers and homoerotic montages, apparently filmed on Alex Jones’s bocce court, […].”
ref: 2023 May 4, Frank Bruni, “Republicans Are Running Wild in My State”, in The New York Times:
text: The hand-wringing hypocrisy and the pant-wetting that we are seeing over someone criticising the police correctly is amazing.
ref: 2023 November 9, Daniel Boffey, quoting Ian Paisley Jr, “Braverman clarifies Northern Ireland comments amid angry criticism”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: A feigned exhibition of distress, usually with implied inaction or vacillating in the face of a dilemma or crisis.
Related terms: handwringingly
doilies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of doily
outwait
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: outwaits
form: outwaiting
form: outwaited
form: outwaited
Etymology: From out- + wait.
Senses: glosses: To wait for something to end.
glosses: To gain an advantage by simply waiting.
potholed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more potholed
form: most potholed
Etymology: From pothole + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: Beside these, the late 19th-century rows of tiny wooden “shotgun” cottages along potholed or unpaved roads exhibit an architectural dignity that is only a part of their eloquence.
ref: 1999, Dirk De Meyer, The Urban Condition:
glosses: Having potholes in its surface
Derived terms: unpotholed
end table
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: end tables
form: end-table
Senses: examples: text: The tiny rooms are fitted with a burgundy leather chair, an end table stacked with phone books, and an ugly orange payphone common here in Australia.
ref: 2003, James Postell, Daytrips Eastern Austrailia:
glosses: A small table placed beside a chair or at each end of a sofa.
Hypernyms: table
Coordinate terms: english: often synonymous
translation: often synonymous
word: side table
dekkos
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dekko
unpaved
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + paved.
Senses: examples: text: Dr Baron Howard remarks, that in such quarters ‘whole streets are unpaved, and without drains or main-sewers; are worn into deep ruts and holes, in which water constantly stagnates; . . .
ref: 1856, Chambers's Papers for the People:
glosses: Not having a hard, impervious surface; not paved
raw_tags: of a road or path
reelected
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of reelect
reelect
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: reelects
form: reelecting
form: reelected
form: reelected
form: re-elect
form: reëlect
Etymology: From re- + elect.
Senses: examples: text: Voters in Omaha were set to make history Tuesday by either reelecting the city’s first female mayor to a rare fourth term or electing the community’s first Black mayor.
ref: 2025 May 14, “Omaha poised to have first Black leader after mayor concedes race”, in CNN, sourced from Associated Press:
glosses: To elect for a second or subsequent time.
Related terms: reelection
poleaxed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of poleaxe
doodled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of doodle
depauperate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈpɔːpəɹət/
ipa: /dɪˈpɔːpəɹeɪt/
Forms: form: more depauperate
form: most depauperate
Etymology: From Middle English depauperat (“impoverished”), from Medieval Latin depauperātus (“impoverished”), past participle of depauperō (“to impoverish”), itself from Latin de- + pauperō (“to impoverish”), from pauper (“poor”). Equivalent to de- + pauper + -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Cognate with Italian depauperare, Spanish depauperar.
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having stunted growth
raw_tags: of a plant
glosses: Impoverished.
examples: 2009, David Quammen, Where the Salmon Rule, National Geographic (August 2009), page 35,
"...because of Kamchatka's isolation from mainland river systems, its streams are relatively depauperate of other fresh water fish, leaving Oncorhynchus species to face few competitors and predators."
glosses: Having a limited biodiversity.
depauperate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈpɔːpəɹət/
ipa: /dɪˈpɔːpəɹeɪt/
Forms: form: depauperates
form: depauperating
form: depauperated
form: depauperated
Etymology: From the above adjective; see -ate for more. Equivalent to de- + pauper + -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Liming […] does not so much depauperate; the ground will last long, and beareth larger grain.
ref: 1707, J[ohn] Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry; or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land. […], London: […] J[ohn] H[umphreys] for H[enry] Mortlock […], and J[onathan] Robinson […], →OCLC:
text: Humility of mind which depauperates the spirit.
ref: 1678, Antiquitates Christianæ: Or, the History of the Life and Death of the Holy Jesus: […], London: […] E. Flesher, and R. Norton, for R[ichard] Royston, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To impoverish.
glosses: To stunt the growth of.