cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
G.R.I.
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Georgius Rex Imperato (George V).
Senses: qualifier: overprint on German colony stamps
glosses: stamps overprinted by the British when the German Pacific Ocean territories were captured during World War One.
wikipedia: George V
Kristopher
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A male given name from Ancient Greek of modern usage, a rare spelling variant of Christopher.
Risto
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A transliteration of the Macedonian male given name Ристо (Risto)
seminatural
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: semi-natural
Etymology: From semi- + natural.
Senses: glosses: Partly or somewhat natural.
Georg
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Georgs
Etymology: From Danish, Estonian, Faroese, German, Icelandic, Norwegian, and Swedish Georg, from Latin Geōrgius. The slang sense is from Spiders Georg.
Senses: examples: text: “Ah!” Georg said, noncommittal. “A problem I think you may have had,” the man said. “I got drunk and didn't wake up.” “Yes,” Georg said. “I've been known to do that. Last night, in fact. And the night before.”
ref: 2011 July 1, Eric Flint, Ring of Fire III, Baen Publishing Enterprises, →ISBN:
text: Georg said nothing as he glanced toward Cameron, who stuck his head over the edge of the loft again. “Rest easy, Georg,” Cameron said. “Next week I'll be on my honeymoon, and your worries will be over.”
ref: 2013 December 20, Elizabeth D. Michaels, Anita Stansfield, Behind the Mask, White Star Press, →ISBN:
glosses: A male given name, a Scandinavian and continental Germanic variant of George.
glosses: A surname transferred from the given name.
examples: text: “Average yard has 8 feral hogs” factoid actualy just statistical error. average yard has 0 hogs. hogs georg, who lives in rural america and whose yard has 30–50 hogs within 3–5 minutes of his small kids playing, is an outlier adn should not have been counted”
ref: 2019 June 30, Christopher Weston, Feral hogs meme: 30-50 hilarious responses on Twitter!:
text: […
ref: 2021 August 23, Katrin Tiidenberg, Crystal Abidin, Natalie Ann Hendry, Tumblr, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:
text: I'm pretty sure the world doesn't produce [enough bananas to] eat six bananas a day [...] Unless there's one person out there who eats so many bananas that they throw off the global average. / [image] / BANANAS GEORG, WHO LIVES ON A MOUNTAIN AND EATS 17 TRILLION BANANAS PER YEAR, IS AN OUTLIER AND SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN COUNTED.
ref: 2022, Randall Munroe, What If? 2: Additional Serious Scientific Answers..., page 54:
glosses: A notional individual who has, eats, or does an extremely large number of a specified thing, skewing statistical averages.
Proteus syndrome
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Named after the Greek sea-god Proteus, who could change his shape.
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: A congenital disorder that causes skin overgrowth and atypical bone development, often accompanied by tumors.
Related terms: Proteus-like syndrome
Arborio
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Arborios
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of arborio.
arborio rice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɑːˈbɔːɹɪ.əʊ ˈɹaɪs/
ipa: /ɑɹˈbɔɹi.oʊ ˈɹaɪs/
rhymes: -ɔːɹiəʊ
Forms: form: Arborio rice
form: Arborio
form: arborio
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian arborio, from Arborio, a town in Piedmont; the toponym is most likely linked to Latin arboreus (“wooden, tree-like”). Compare English arboreous.
Senses: examples: text: A tasting of risottos prepared with different rices — including arborio, carnaroli and vialone nano — will be on the menu, at $45 a person: (212) 265-5959.
ref: 2007 February 28, Florence Fabricant, “Food Calendar”, in New York Times:
glosses: A northern Italian variety of short-grained starchy rice with a white dot at the center of each grain, commonly used in risotto.
reafforest
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: reafforests
form: reafforesting
form: reafforested
form: reafforested
Etymology: From re- + afforest.
Senses: examples: text: While it is a very slow-growing tree, there is some consolation in the fact that it usually grows in barren, rocky country, unsuitable for agriculture, and therefore wholesale clearings are not made as is the case with many other timbers. At the same time it does not readily reafforest.
ref: 1901 August 2, “Australian Tree Seeds”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 11, page 326:
glosses: To reforest.
slatternliness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From slatternly + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being slatternly, or of being a slattern.
pendice
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈpɛndɪs/
Forms: form: pendices
Etymology: Compare pentice.
Senses: glosses: A sloping roof; a lean-to; a penthouse.
life-giving
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more life-giving
form: most life-giving
Senses: examples: text: We would have died without the unexpected rain that brought life-giving water.
text: The FDA has "blood on its hands" in its devastatingly slow release of potentially life-giving drugs to people surviving with AIDS and ARC.
ref: 1989 April 15, Michael Ambrosino, “Acting Up In The Northwest”, in Gay Community News, page 16:
text: Her days were taken up with the life-giving, hard, unrecompensed work of women of all ages to feed, clothe and nurture her household.
ref: 2000 June 17, Elizabeth A. Johnson, “Mary of Nazareth: Friend of God and Prophet”, in America, volume 182, number 21:
glosses: Necessary for life.
glosses: Creating or engendering life; being a source of life.
life-giving
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The systematic, violent overthrow of an ethos of lifegiving by one that placed higher value on the taking of life culminated in the destruction of the Minoan civilization of Crete some four millenia ^([sic]) later.
ref: 1988 December 11, John Kyper, “The 'Truth' Of Male-Dominated Social Science”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 22, page 8:
glosses: The act of giving life, of creating beings or fostering their survival.
Related terms: life-giver
arctic tern
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: arctic terns
form: Arctic tern
Senses: glosses: A migratory bird that travels between the Arctic and Antarctic, Sterna paradisaea.
barnacle goose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: barnacle geese
Etymology: Because this goose nests in the far north, Europeans never saw its chicks, and invented a theory that the goose barnacle is the larval form of the barnacle goose.
Senses: glosses: A black and white species of bird within the family Anatidae from the northern hemisphere, Branta leucopsis.
double-bluff
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: double-bluffs
form: double-bluffing
form: double-bluffed
form: double-bluffed
Senses: glosses: To trick someone by appearing to bluff, while not bluffing.
bugged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bʌɡd/
rhymes: -ʌɡd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of bug
bugged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /bʌɡd/
rhymes: -ʌɡd
Forms: form: more bugged
form: most bugged
Senses: examples: text: The latest version of the software is extremely bugged.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: buggy
glosses: Affected by a bug (computer error).
examples: text: I won't speak candidly since I don't know if her apartment is bugged or not.
glosses: Containing a bug (interceptive listening device).
Derived terms: unbugged
drooling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹuːlɪŋ/
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of drool
Derived terms: droolingly
drooling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹuːlɪŋ/
Forms: form: droolings
Senses: examples: text: Pavlov referred to these premature droolings as “psychic” secretions, and he began to study why they occurred, in part to avoid future contamination of his digestion experiments.
ref: 2013, James Nairne, Psychology, page 209:
glosses: The act of one who drools.
sensing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈsɛnsɪŋ/
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of sense
sensing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsɛnsɪŋ/
Forms: form: sensings
Senses: examples: text: Second, the list of kinds of sensings that Socrates gave was thought to be an odd one. It included pleasures, pains, desires, and fears, as well as the more familiar examples of sight, hearing, smell, and the sensings of cold and of heat.
ref: 1987, Brian Patrick Hendley, Plato, Time, and Education:
glosses: The act of sensation.
Derived terms: compressed sensing
quorum sensing
remote sensing
remote sensing scientist
mugged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of mug
vanquishing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of vanquish
relives
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɪvz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of relive
reliving
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of relive
reliving
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: relivings
Senses: examples: text: In effect, the recovery of traumatic memories involves the conscious awareness and explicit processing of relivings of the somatosensory and affective experiences during the trauma, relivings that are largely context-free and meaningless.
ref: 1996, Susan Contratto, M. Janice Gutfreund, A Feminist Clinician's Guide to the Memory Debate, page 38:
glosses: The process by which something is relived.
relived
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of relive
craziest
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: superlative form of crazy: most crazy
Valium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvæl.i.əm/
ipa: /ˈvæl.i.əm/
ipa: /ˈvæl.jəm/
rhymes: -æliəm
Forms: form: Valiums
Etymology: A marketing coinage.
Senses: examples: text: Mothers little helpers were pills—Miltown, amphetamine, barbiturates, Librium, and Valium were the most popular and widely available in the fifties and early sixties—that were used to keep women in their place, to make them comfortable in a setting that should have been uncomfortable, to encourage them to focus on tasks that did not matter.
ref: 2003, Samuel H. Barondes, quoting Peter D. Kramer, chapter 4, in Better than Prozac, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 47:
topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
coordinate_terms: Librium
Miltown
qualifier: trademark
glosses: The drug diazepam.
glosses: A Valium pill.
Derived terms: val
Valiumed
ichthyosaur
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪkθiəsɔːɹ/
Forms: form: ichthyosaurs
Etymology: Borrowed from translingual Ichthyosaurus, equivalent to ichthyo- + -saur.
Senses: examples: text: The most striking marine reptiles are the fishlike or porpoiselike ichthyosaurs.
ref: 2013, F. Crescitelli, The Visual System in Vertebrates, page 27:
glosses: Any fishlike marine reptiles of the extinct order †Ichthyosauria of the early Triassic to the late Cretaceous period, that had a body somewhat like a porpoise.
Synonyms: ichthyosaurus
Derived terms: ichthyosauriform
ratted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of rat
ratted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more ratted
form: most ratted
Etymology: Contraction of rat-arsed.
Senses: glosses: intoxicated; drunk
Synonyms: drunk
hup
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Forms: form: hep
Senses: examples: text: After four we raise our swords. One two three four... hup two three four... hup two three four.
text: "Hup, two, three, fo', . . . " cracked the American voice out of the foggy darkness.
ref: 1943 February 8, The Goulburn Evening Post, NSW, Australia, page 3, column 5:
glosses: The first beat of a 4/4 military cadence, commanding either the lead-off step in a march or some other action.
antonyms: hie
coordinate_terms: gee
haw
glosses: A call to turn a horse to the right.
hup
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: hups
form: hupping
form: hupped
form: hupped
form: hep
Senses: antonyms: hie
glosses: To urge (a horse) to turn right with a cry of "hup".
Related terms: sense: beat
word: hep
sense: beat
word: hip
sense: beat
word: hub
sense: beat
word: hubbin
sense: beat
word: variants of the 4
sense: beat
word: 4 downbeat in swing and jazz
fub
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /fʌb/
ipa: /fʊb/
rhymes: -ʌb
Forms: form: fubs
form: fubbing
form: fubbed
form: fubbed
form: fob
Senses: examples: text: A hundred mark is a long score for a poor lone woman to bear : and I have borne, and borne, and borne ; and have been fubbed off, and fubbed off, and fubbed off, from this day to that day, that it is a shame to be thought on.
ref: c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]. Epilogue.”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
glosses: To put off by trickery; to cheat.
glosses: To steal.
Derived terms: fub off
fubbery
fub
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fʌb/
ipa: /fʊb/
rhymes: -ʌb
Forms: form: fubs
Etymology: Compare fob (“a pocket”).
Senses: examples: text: 'Tis he that I told you is to marry my Indian Fubs of a Sister.
ref: 1685, John Crowne, Sir Courtly Nice:
glosses: A plump young person or child.
Derived terms: fubby
fubsy
Related terms: english: to ignore due to activity on one's cellphone
translation: to ignore due to activity on one's cellphone
word: phub
watertightness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From watertight + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being watertight
Synonyms: waterproofness
Rarotongan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Rarotonga + -an.
Senses: glosses: Cook Islands Maori, the official language of the Cook Islands.
Rarotongan
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Rarotongan
form: most Rarotongan
Etymology: From Rarotonga + -an.
Senses: glosses: Of or relating to the island of Rarotonga.
Rarotongan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Rarotongans
Etymology: From Rarotonga + -an.
Senses: glosses: A native or inhabitant of the island of Rarotonga.
Cook Islands Maori
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: The official language of the Cook Islands.
Synonyms: Rarotongan
Related terms: rar ⁠
Hesperus
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛspəɹəs/
Etymology: From Latin Hesperus, from Ancient Greek ἕσπερος (hésperos, “pertaining to the evening, western”).
Senses: examples: Near-synonyms: Phosphorus, Eosphorus, Lucifer, morning star, Venus
synonyms: Vesper
evenstar
glosses: The planet Venus when observed as an evening star.
Derived terms: Hesperian
Hesperides
pleased as Punch
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: pleased as punch
Etymology: From Punch of the Punch and Judy puppet shows.
Senses: examples: text: He was out, too, when I called at his hotel; but once, I had the good fortune to see him, with his hat curiously on one side, looking as pleased as Punch, and being driven, in an open cab, in the Champs Elysées.
ref: 1840, M. A. Titmarsh [pseudonym; William Makepeace Thackeray], The Paris Sketch Book, volume I, London: John Macrone, […], →OCLC, page 41:
text: "[…]Now,—what'll the old woman say?"
"She'll be pleased as Punch, I should think," said Stanbury.
ref: 1869 May, Anthony Trollope, chapter XLIX, in He Knew He Was Right, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Strahan and Company, […], →OCLC:
text: Then with a little start of remembrance he said, “Mary, write and give up that school. Stay and help your mother. I’m as pleased as Punch, now I’ve thought of that.”
ref: 1872, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XL, in Middlemarch […], volume II, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book IV, page 327:
text: Sally looked at him with her clear eyes. “Aren’t you glad?” she asked again. “I thought you’d be as pleased as Punch.”
ref: 1915, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter CXXII, in Of Human Bondage, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, →OCLC:
synonyms: complacent
smug
qualifier: simile
glosses: Pleased with one's actions or achievements.
pleased as punch
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Those other "pure" women had nearly taken all the balls out of me, but she was all right that way. She wanted me, and made no bones about it. And I was as pleased as punch. That was what I wanted: a woman who wanted me to fuck her. So I fucked her like a good un.
ref: 1928, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 14, in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, Gutenberg edition, [Florence, Italy]: [ […] Tipografia Giuntina, […]], →OCLC; republished as Lady Chatterley’s Lover (eBook no. 0100181h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, August 2011, archived from the original on 11 Nov 2020:
glosses: Alternative form of pleased as Punch.
biotrauma
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From bio- + trauma.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A severe inflammatory response produced in the lungs of patients who breathe by means of a mechanical ventilator for a long period of time.
four foot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: 4-foot
form: four-foot
Etymology: From the 4 feet 8½ inch (1435 mm) distance between the rails on a standard gauge railway.
Senses: examples: text: When placed in the four foot it should be so arranged that a loose carraige coupling shall not strike the box, as such a blow might possibly break it.
ref: 1877, William Edward Langdon, The Application of Electricity to Railway Working, Page 230
text: Cattle are of course liable to stray on the line at these level crossings, but to prevent this, barriers are placed on each side of the crossing, and a deep trench is made in the four-foot and six-foot spaces, …
ref: 1882, George P. Neele, Atlantic and American Notes, M'Corquodale & co., limited, Page 54
text: In this case, the third crossing i.e., where one turnout crosses the other, is in the four foot of the main
ref: 1922, J. Thomas Lee, William Hepworth, Railway Permanent Way: Dimensional Theory and Practice, C. Sever, Page 224
text: The reason for this is, that as in these cases there are obstructions in the four foot which might become foul of wheels of stock …
Page 48
For ‘ E ’ and ‘ F ’ switches the key jaw is provided on the inside of the four-foot in the 1.P. and 2.P. chairs, as in these chairs there is not room between the switch and stock rails …
ref: 1943, C. L. Heeler and Ronald Albert Hamnett, British Railway Track: Design, Construction and Maintenance, Permanent Way Institution Page 19
text: 2007 September 5, Rail Accident Investigation Branch, Rail Accident Report 33/2007: Fatal collision between a Super Voyager train and a car on the line at Copmanthorpe 25 September 2006, Rail Accident Investigation Branch, Department for Transport, Page 8 http://www.raib.gov.uk/cms_resources/070905_R332007_Copmanthorpe.pdf
The car came to rest with its front wheels in the four foot of the nearest railway line, the down Leeds line.
text: The importance of track workers obeying site rules has been stressed after a man was hospitalised after being hit by a moving road-rail vehicle (RRV) and falling into the 'four foot' between the rails.
ref: 2024 June 26, “Network News: RAIB stresses importance of road-rail vehicle vehicle safety procedures”, in RAIL, number 1012, page 17:
topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
glosses: the space between the rails on a standard gauge railway line.
four foot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: 4-foot
form: four-foot
Senses: topics: ball-games
curling
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Alternative form of 4-foot.
Related terms: six foot
four-foot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
glosses: Alternative spelling of four foot.
topics: ball-games
curling
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Alternative spelling of 4-foot.
incontestability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: incontestabilities
Etymology: From in- + contestability.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being incontestable.
topics: law
glosses: The state of having been registered as a trademark for more than five consecutive years without a challenge, and therefore conclusively presumed not to cause confusion with any other trademark, and to have acquired distinctiveness.
incontestabilities
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of incontestability
cable modem
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cable modems
Senses: glosses: A modem that provides data communication via radio frequency channels over any of a variety of cable types to establish a cable internet connection.
conclusively presumed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more conclusively presumed
form: most conclusively presumed
Senses: examples: text: A child under seven years of age is conclusively presumed to be incapable of either murder or manslaughter (presumptio juris et de jure), no evidence of capacity being admissible.
ref: 1906, Richard Henslowe Wellington, The King's Coroner, page 61:
topics: law
glosses: Presumed by law to be true, and therefore providing no opportunity for evidence to the contrary to be presented.
Related terms: conclusive presumption
six foot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: 6-foot
form: six-foot
Etymology: From the nominal distance of six feet between two adjacent railway lines in Great Britain.
Senses: examples: text: Cattle are of course liable to stray on the line at these level crossings, but to prevent this, barriers are placed on each side of the crossing, and a deep trench is made in the four-foot and six-foot spaces, …
ref: 1882, George P. Neele, Atlantic and American Notes, M'Corquodale & co., limited, Page 54
text: Richardson dropped into the six-foot between the two engines, ran for a few yards, grabbed Mitchell's engine, and swung himself up. Mitchell had got to his feet by this time, but he made no move. Richardson shut off steam, reversed her, and brought her to a stand.
ref: 1950 January, David L. Smith, “A Runaway at Beattock”, in Railway Magazine, page 54:
text: He fell wildly, his head struck the carriage footboard with tremdous force, and he bounded into the six-foot, where he rolled over and over …
ref: 1981, Ludovic Henry, Coverly Kennedy, A Book of Raliway Journeys, Fontana, Page 21
text: 2007 September 5, Rail Accident Investigation Branch, Rail Accident Report 33/2007: Fatal collision between a Super Voyager train and a car on the line at Copmanthorpe 25 September 2006, Rail Accident Investigation Branch, Deptarment for Transport, Page 20 http://www.raib.gov.uk/cms_resources/070905_R332007_Copmanthorpe.pdf
As a result, all three wheelsets derails to the six foot side.
topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
glosses: the area between the closest rails of two parallel standard gauge railway lines, regardless of the actual distance.
Related terms: four foot
bestows
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of bestow
gear up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gears up
form: gearing up
form: geared up
form: geared up
Senses: examples: text: The hardware store is gearing up for spring in February with garden supplies and seeds.
text: We're gearing ourselves up for a busy week ahead.
text: As this issue of RAIL went to press, NR was gearing up to deliver a further £80m of upgrades over the Late May Bank Holiday (May 29-31), across 620 projects.
ref: 2021 June 2, Stefanie Foster, “Network News: £80m upgrades and renewals on Bank Holiday”, in RAIL, number 932, page 23:
glosses: To prepare for an activity.
examples: text: The soldiers geared up and loaded onto the assault craft. They would have a forty-five minute ride to the beach.
ref: 2002, E. J. Duck, Heroes on Quads, page 68:
glosses: To put on special clothing or equipment.
hapax
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hapaxes
Senses: examples: text: Never build a doctrine on or draw a teaching from an unclear or debated hapax.
ref: 1993, Gilbert G. Bilezikian, Christianity 101: Your Guide to Eight Basic Christian Beliefs, →ISBN, page 19:
text: He includes tables which give the number and frequency of hapaxes in each Book, ...
ref: 1993, Mark W. Edwards, The Iliad: A Commentary, Volume V: Books 17-20, →ISBN, page 53:
text: Most of the hapaxes featuring -ify and -ize are phonologically and semantically transparent, which indicates their status as productive formations.
ref: 1999, Ingo Plago, Morphological Productivity: Structural Constraints in English Derivation, →ISBN, page 111:
text: There are 19000-odd words in his gospel, and 971 of these are hapaxes: there are 18000-odd words in Acts, and 943 are hapaxes.
ref: 1999, David E. Orton, The Synoptic Problem and Q: Selected Studies from Novum Testamentum, →ISBN, page 194:
glosses: Ellipsis of hapax legomenon.
conclusive presumption
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: conclusive presumptions
Senses: topics: law
glosses: A matter that is deemed by law to be true, and therefore provides no opportunity for evidence to the contrary to be presented.
Related terms: conclusively presumed
conclusive presumptions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of conclusive presumption
rhizotomist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rhizotomists
Etymology: From rhizotomy + -ist.
Senses: glosses: A person who collects roots and herbs to make medicine
inalienability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The condition of being inalienable
incapability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: incapabilities
Etymology: From in- + capability.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being incapable.
inconsiderateness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From inconsiderate + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being inconsiderate
incompetency
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: incompetencies
Senses: glosses: The condition of being incompetent.
inconspicuousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From inconspicuous + -ness.
Senses: synonyms: inconspicuity
inconspicuosity
glosses: The condition of being inconspicuous
incorrigibility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From incorrigible + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: In keeping with the goals of the new eugenics movement, McCulloch was claiming to offer scientific evidence of the incorrigibility of poor rural whites.
ref: 2006, Matt Wray, Not Quite White, page 77:
glosses: The condition of being incorrigible.
indecisiveness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indecisivenesses
Etymology: From indecisive + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: It is a picture of dither, delay, unrealistic costings - and Department for Transport indecisiveness.
ref: 2019 December 18, Richard Clinnick, “Railway's 2020 vision”, in Rail, page 3:
glosses: The condition of being indecisive.
indelicacy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indelicacies
Etymology: From in- + delicacy.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being indelicate.
glosses: An indelicate act or statement.
indestructibility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: For it is the job of men, she said, to stop women from realizing their own indestructibility, and for as long as possible.
ref: 2016, Zadie Smith, Swing Time, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 295:
glosses: The condition of being indestructible.
indeterminacy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indeterminacies
Senses: glosses: The condition of being indeterminate.
Derived terms: indeterminacy principle
quantum indeterminacy
indirectness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indirectnesses
Etymology: From indirect + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being indirect.
indivisibility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indivisibilities
Etymology: From Middle French indivisibilité, from Ecclesiastical Latin indivisibilitas.
Senses: synonyms: undividability
glosses: The state of being indivisible, incapable of being divided.
glosses: An indivisible factor or object.
ineffectiveness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ineffectivenesses
Etymology: From ineffective + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: These diplomatic setbacks partly explain England’s military ineffectiveness in the 1370s, but equally important were lack of leadership, lack of money, and dissension over strategy.
ref: 1974, Anthony Tuck, “The Political Community in 1377”, in Richard II and the English Nobility, New York: St. Martin's Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 7:
glosses: The condition of being ineffective
Synonyms: ineffectivity
inevitability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˌnɛvɪtəˈbɪlɪti/
Forms: form: inevitabilities
Etymology: From inevitable + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: Now, cramped and outclassed as Euston has become, rebuilding hangs over it with an awful inevitability.
ref: 1941 August, C. Hamilton Ellis, “The English Station”, in Railway Magazine, page 358:
text: Surveillance capitalism is a human creation. It lives in history, not in technological inevitability.
ref: 2019 January 20, John Naughton, quoting Shoshana Zuboff, “‘The goal is to automate us’: welcome to the age of surveillance capitalism”, in The Guardian:
text: Manchester United's 27-year-old captain cut a distracted and chaotic figure as he endured a personal nightmare, its conclusion with a red card carrying an air of inevitability from the moment he recklessly launched himself at Yussuf Poulsen to pick up an early yellow.
ref: 2020 October 14, Phil McNulty, “England 0-1 Denmark: 'Harry Maguire looked devoid of confidence in Nations League loss'”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: The condition of being inevitable.
glosses: An inevitable condition or outcome.
Synonyms: sense: condition of being inevitable
word: certainty
sense: condition of being inevitable
word: inescapableness
sense: condition of being inevitable
word: necessity
sense: something inevitable
word: sure thing
Derived terms: noninevitability
point of inevitability
inexpediency
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inexpediencies
Senses: glosses: The condition of being inexpedient.
glosses: An inexpedient action or statement.
infectiousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From infectious + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state or condition of being infectious.
Synonyms: infectiosity
Derived terms: hyperinfectiousness
noninfectiousness
inflammability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inflammabilities
Senses: glosses: The condition of being inflammable (usually in the sense of "flammable").
glosses: A measure of the extent to which something is flammable.
Synonyms: flammability
informativeness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From informative + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being informative; clarity
informality
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: informalities
Etymology: From informal + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: These people, drawn from many different places and with many different backgrounds, gave the whole life of the County an informality that was new to Ellen, an informality to which she never quite accustomed herself.
ref: 1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC:
text: More importantly and closer to life, slangs help build an instant intimacy and informality.
ref: 2021 September 3, Charudutta Panigrahi, “The Intimacy Of Slangs”, in Odisha News, archived from the original on 19 Mar 2025:
glosses: The condition of being informal.
examples: text: One long riff without a beginning and without an end :Template:.., only portions of which […] may be served up to us here, punctuated — the word hardly seems appropriate to a piecemeal poetry in which, except for the ubiquitous slash, there is precious little punctuation — momentarily halted, then, by an affirmative informality ("yeah"), by a labored repetition ("he was/ he was/ i swear he was"), or by a barbarous appeal for final comprehension: "know what i mean/ dontyah dontyah dontyah know what i mean."
ref: 1976 December 18, Rudy Kikel, “The Doomsday Book by the Jewish Comedian”, in Gay Community News, volume 4, number 25, page 14:
glosses: An informal term or usage; a colloquialism.
ingeniousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ingeniousnesses
Etymology: From ingenious + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being ingenious.
ingenuousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ingenuousnesses
Etymology: From ingenuous + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being ingenuous.
examples: text: Time passed; Moira grew up, chronologically; but Sir Watney went on treating her as a spoilt child, went on being enchanted by her birdy chirrupings and ingenuousnesses and impertinent enfant-terrible-isms.
ref: 1930, Aldous Huxley, Brief Candles:
glosses: An ingenuous behavior.
innateness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: innatenesses
Etymology: From innate + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being innate.
innocuousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɪˈnɒk.ju.əs.nəs/
Forms: form: innocuousnesses
Etymology: From innocuous + -ness.
Senses: synonyms: innocuity
glosses: The condition of being innocuous
insatiability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: insatiabilities
Etymology: From Latin insatiabilitas.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being insatiable
inscrutability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: What about Mrs. Cavendish? I watched her as she sat at the head of the table, graceful, composed, enigmatic. In her soft grey frock, with white ruffles at the wrists falling over her slender hands, she looked very beautiful. When she chose, however, her face could be sphinx-like in its inscrutability.
ref: 1920, Agatha Christie, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, London: Pan Books, published 1954, page 57:
text: The inscrutability of all this was the kind of inscrutability you have when you suddenly enter a room where a furious argument has just ended. Everyone is quiet. No one is talking.
ref: 1974, Robert M[aynard] Pirsig, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values, New York, N.Y.: William Morrow & Company, →ISBN:
glosses: The condition of being inscrutable
Related terms: inscrutableness
inscrutably
insensitivity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: insensitivities
Etymology: From in- + sensitivity.
Senses: examples: text: To make matters worse, you did not publish the news note until 5 days before the conference — even though we had submitted it enough in advance to have been included in the previous weeks' paper. This showed a great insensitivity to the fact that lesbians with children are often not very mobile or flexible...We need that kind of advance notice in order to plan an all-day conference on a Saturday!
ref: 1979 December 22, Gia Berkman, “Some Friction”, in Gay Community News, volume 2, number 22, page 4:
glosses: The condition of being insensitive
Derived terms: androgen insensitivity syndrome
chemoinsensitivity
complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
congenital insensitivity to pain
inseparability
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inseparabilities
Etymology: From Latin inseparabilitas.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being inseparable
intensiveness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: intensivenesses
Etymology: From intensive + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being intensive.
Related terms: labor-intensiveness
intentness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: intentnesses
Etymology: From intent + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The condition of being intent.
mechanised
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more mechanised
form: most mechanised
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of mechanized.
Derived terms: unmechanised
mechanised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of mechanise
alodyne
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Flush the alodyne off with tap water, let dry.
ref: 1996. The Do-It-Yourself 747http://www.wanttaja.com/avlinks/diy747.htm
text: Examples of partially conducting paints are zinc ortho-titanate, alodyne, and indium oxide.
ref: 2011, Shu T. Lai, Fundamentals of Spacecraft Charging:
glosses: A chromic acid conversion process that leaves a corrosion-resistant film on aluminum surfaces.
Behrouz
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Persian بهروز (behruz).
Senses: glosses: A transliteration of the Persian male given name بهروز (behruz).
ofay
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈoʊfeɪ/
homophone: au fait
Forms: form: ofays
Etymology: Unknown; perhaps from an African language (possibly Yoruba ófé (“to evade, disappear”)). Pig Latin for foe, though popularly posited, is probably not accurate.
A possible point of origin is Cab Calloway's Hepster's Dictionary, where the word is defined as "Policeman or law enforcement, 'The Man'".
Senses: examples: text: For example we have words like ofay, pink, fade, space, Mr. Charlie, cracker, peckawood, hoojah, and so on—nice words and bitter.
ref: [1929, Claude McKay, Banjo, published 1957, →ISBN, page 217:
text: You get outa my alley, Lucas -- and take that ofay with you, hear?
ref: 1983 May, Kurt Busiek, “The Chemistro Connection”, in Power Man and Iron Fist, volume 1, number 93, Marvel Comics Group:
text: The rival, the foe, the ofay, veins stretched and bulged between white knuckles.
ref: 1997, Don DeLillo, Underworld:
synonyms: word: honky
word: whitey
word: ang moh
word: Angrez
word: balanda
word: béké
word: bule
word: Caucasian
word: cracker
word: cumskin
word: farang
word: firangi
word: gringo
word: gora
word: gussuk
word: gweilo
word: haole
word: honky
word: hoogie
word: hoojah
word: ice monkey
word: ivory
word: joganosh
word: kabloona
word: laowai
word: leucoderm
word: mayo
word: mayonnaise face
word: melanin-challenged
word: migaloo
word: mlungu
word: mzungu
word: ofay
word: oyinbo
word: paddy
word: Pakeha
word: paleface
word: pigskin
word: pinky
word: roundeye
word: saltine
raw_tags: for cracker
word: snow bunny
word: toubab
word: umlungu
word: vazaha
word: white
word: white bread
word: white devil
word: whiteface
word: white man
word: whitey
word: wigger
word: wonderbread
word: Yankee
glosses: A white person.
ofay
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈoʊfeɪ/
homophone: au fait
Forms: form: more ofay
form: most ofay
Etymology: Unknown; perhaps from an African language (possibly Yoruba ófé (“to evade, disappear”)). Pig Latin for foe, though popularly posited, is probably not accurate.
A possible point of origin is Cab Calloway's Hepster's Dictionary, where the word is defined as "Policeman or law enforcement, 'The Man'".
Senses: examples: text: “You better tell your little ofay kid friend move along.”
ref: 1963 (date written), John Kennedy Toole, A Confederacy of Dunces, London: Penguin Books, published 1980 (1981 printing), →ISBN:
text: ‘Baby,’ April Elgar said, ‘you may be an uptight ofay milk-toast limey bastard, but you ain’t no fag.’
ref: 1984. Anthony Burgess, Enderby's Dark Lady
text: Everything is strictly peachy keen, as the ofay kids say.
ref: 1959. Lorraine Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun
glosses: White; white-skinned.
Zamojski
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A surname from Polish. from Poland.
Zamojski
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A kind of hard yellow cheese from Poland.
logics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of logic
logics
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of logic
black water
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of blackwater.
gray water
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gray waters
form: graywater
form: greywater
form: grey water
Senses: examples: text: Its tunnels will have thinned like unhealthy arteries, before twisting and buckling under the weight of the shifting ice, slowly leaching diesel fuel, toxic chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls, grey water and radiological waste.
ref: 2020, David Farrier, “The Library of Babel”, in Footprints, 4th Estate, →ISBN:
glosses: Water that is not clean enough to be potable, such as having been used for washing, but not contaminated with fecal matter or other source of dangerous bacteria or dangerous or noxious materials.
Synonyms: sullage
Coordinate terms: black water
sewage
skin magazine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: skin magazines
Senses: glosses: An adult or pornographic magazine.
Derived terms: skin mag
Related terms: skin flick
deels
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of deel
language family
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: language families
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A set of languages which have evolved from a common ancestor.
overeating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Gluttony, the act of eating to excess.
overeating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of overeat
clinched
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of clinch
rammer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹæ.mə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -æmə(ɹ)
Forms: form: rammers
Etymology: From ram + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Now use your rammer to pack it tightly into the barrel.
text: A "mooner," fond of staring into shop windows, or watching the labourers pulling up the pavement to inspect the gas-pipes, or listening stolidly to the dull "pech" of the paviour's rammer on the flags.
ref: 1853, Charles Dickens, Household Words, volume 6, page 387:
text: […] I put my waterproof over the muzzle of one gun, and made a sort of wigwam with two or three rammers that I found, and lay along the tail of another gun […]
ref: 1894 May, Rudyard Kipling, The Jungle Book, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published June 1894, →OCLC:
glosses: A device used to ram; a ramrod.
examples: text: the Zeppelin Rammer
text: The loader […] placed the cartridge in the muzzle and shoved it in as far as he could. The rammer rammed it home, the gun captain inserting his priming wire to make sure.
ref: 2014, Benerson Little, The Sea Rover's Practice:
glosses: One who, or that, rams.
Derived terms: rammerman
foodie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfuːdi/
rhymes: -uːdi
Forms: form: foodies
Etymology: From food + -ie. Popularized by Ann Barr and Paul Levy in The Official Foodie Handbook (1984). Levy credits New York food critic Gael Greene with the coinage. The word was used by Greene in a 1980 article in New York magazine, see quotations.
Senses: examples: text: We self-professed foodies liked to meet in restaurants and talk like experts about what we were eating.
text: She offers crayfish with white feet or red . . . three ways, tends stove in high heels, slips into the small Art Deco dining room of Restaurant d'Olympe—a funeral parlor of shiny black walls and red velvet—to graze cheeks with her devotees, serious foodies, and, from ten on, tout Paris, the men as flashily beautiful as their beautiful women.
ref: 1980 June 2, Gael Greene, “What's Nouvelle? La Cuisine Bourgeoise”, in New York, →ISSN, page 33:
text: Foodies are the ones talking about food in any gathering—salivating over restaurants, recipes, radicchio. They don't think they are being trivial–Foodies consider food to be an art, on a level with painting or drama.
ref: 1984, Ann Barr, Paul Levy, The Official Foodie Handbook: Be Modern–Worship Food, London: Ebury Press, →ISBN, page 6:
text: “Foodie” has now pretty much everywhere replaced “gourmet”, perhaps because the latter more strongly evokes privilege and a snobbish claim to uncommon sensory discrimination—even though those qualities are rampant among the “foodies” themselves.
ref: 2012 September 28, Steven Poole, “Let's start the foodie backlash”, in The Guardian:
text: While the Foodie Handbook is now decades old, its message strikes a chord with contemporary foodie discourse, touching on themes like the abysmal quality of mainstream food (e.g., “cheese in plastic-wrapped portions”), the appeal of foodie accoutrement like chefs' knives and gas stoves, as well as the importance of thinking and talking about food (as opposed to just eating well—“pigs can eat well”) (1984: 6–7).
ref: 2014, Josee Johnston, Shyon Baumann, Foodies: Democracy and Distinction in the Gourmet Foodscape, Routledge, →ISBN:
glosses: A person with a special interest in or knowledge of food, a gourmet.
wikipedia: Ann Barr
Gael Greene
Paul Levy (journalist)
Synonyms: sense: person who appreciates good food
word: chowhound
sense: person who appreciates good food
word: foodist
sense: person who appreciates good food
word: foodista
sense: person who appreciates good food
word: gastronaut
sense: person who appreciates good food
word: gourmand
Derived terms: fast-foodie
foodie call
foodie-ism
foodyism
wheezing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -iːzɪŋ
Forms: form: wheezings
Senses: glosses: The quality or symptom of breathing with an audible wheeze
wheezing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -iːzɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of wheeze
fledglings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of fledgling
sparring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈspɑːɹɪŋ/
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of spar
sparring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈspɑːɹɪŋ/
Forms: form: sparrings
Senses: examples: text: Albeit he is under the influence of the magic juice, Lysander's words to Hermia — once he has switched his romantic allegiance to Helena — are bitter, cruel. At times Benedick and Beatrice's verbal sparrings drip with an acidity that smarts.
ref: 2010, Kenneth Tucker, Shakespeare and Jungian Typology: A Reading of the Plays, page 48:
glosses: The act of one who spars.
discolour
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: discolours
form: discolouring
form: discoloured
form: discoloured
Etymology: From Middle English discolouren, discoloren, from Old French discolorer, descolorer, equivalent to dis- + colour.
Senses: examples: text: Instead, the grime of the steam years which still discoloured many of the best architectural features Betjeman loved has been cleared away, and several of the stations have benefited from major refurbishments which have greatly improved them.
ref: 2021 January 13, Christian Wolmar, “Read all about London's Cathedrals of Steam”, in RAIL, issue 922, page 63:
glosses: British and Canadian standard spelling of discolor.
Derived terms: discolouration
discolourer
discolourment
Related terms: discolourization
short handed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more short handed
form: most short handed
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of shorthanded.
short handed
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more short handed
form: most short handed
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of shorthanded.