cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
resurrect
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɛzəˈɹɛkt/
rhymes: -ɛkt
Forms: form: resurrects
form: resurrecting
form: resurrected
form: resurrected
Etymology: Back-formation from resurrection.
Senses: synonyms: revive
glosses: To raise from the dead; to bring life back to.
glosses: To rise from the dead; to return to life.
glosses: To restore to a working state.
examples: text: Why resurrect the idea almost 25 years later?
ref: 2020 December 2, Richard Clinnick, “Fleet News: Class 56s revived, rebuilt and rebooted as GBRf Class 69s”, in Rail, page 28:
glosses: To bring back to view or attention; to reinstate.
resurge
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /rɪˈsɜːd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: resurges
form: resurging
form: resurged
form: resurged
Etymology: From Latin resurgō (“rise again”).
Senses: glosses: To rise again; to go through a period of renewed vigor or vitality.
Related terms: resurgence
resurgent
resurge
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /rɪˈsɜːd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: resurges
Etymology: From Latin resurgō (“rise again”).
Senses: examples: text: There was a resurge of interest in summarization in the nineties with the organization of a number of relevant scientific events […]
ref: 2012, Thierry Poibeau, Horacio Saggion, Jakub Piskorski, Multi-source, Multilingual Information Extraction and Summarization, page 4:
text: Lovers of style and beauty the world over have for decades, even centuries now, looked back to the days of the last lavish escapades of the French courts whenever there is a resurge of the human appetite for the ornate, gilded opulence that you see characterized in these pieces.
ref: 2022, Roscoe R. Rau, Walter F. Shaw, Selling Home Furnishings: A Training Program:
glosses: A resurgence.
insomnia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈsɒmniə/
Forms: form: insomnias
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin īnsomnia, from Latin in- (“without”) + somnus (“sleep”, noun) + -ia, equivalent to in- + somn- + -ia.
Senses: examples: text: My mother suffers from insomnia.
text: It’s also possible for insomnia to be caused by restless leg syndrome.
ref: 2024 March 11, Madeline Holcombe, “What to do on the nights you are struggling with insomnia, according to experts”, in CNN:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A sleeping disorder that is known for its symptoms of unrest and the inability to sleep.
glosses: Temporary inability to sleep.
Synonyms: sleeplessness
Hyponyms: english: Antarctica
translation: Antarctica
word: big eye
word: fatal familial insomnia
Derived terms: coronasomnia
insomniac
orthosomnia
painsomnia
trensomnia
organigram
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: organigrams
form: organogram
form: organigramme
Etymology: From organization + -gram.
Senses: topics: management
glosses: A graphical representation of the structure of an organization, showing groups and departments and their interconnections and linked responsibilities.
Synonyms: organisation chart
organization chart
banquette
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /baŋˈkɛt/
ipa: /bɒ̃ˈkɛt/
rhymes: -ɛt
Forms: form: banquettes
Etymology: Borrowed from French banquette, the diminutive form of banc; by surface analysis, bank + -ette.
Senses: topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A narrow area behind a defensive wall's parapet elevated above its terreplein and used by defenders to shoot at attackers.
glosses: A bench built into a wall, especially (military) one built into a wall of a defensive trench, used for sitting and for shooting at attackers.
examples: text: Stoned, she would traipse in, overtly sexual in last night's dress, and throw herself exhausted across the banquette.
ref: 2017, Fiona Lewis, Mistakes Were Made (Some in French), Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 165:
glosses: An upholstered bench, e.g., along a wall of a restaurant or lounge area.
examples: text: My brother-in-law […] took refuge in the banquette.
ref: 1899, Julia Ward Howe, Reminiscences:
glosses: A bench or similar seat on top of a diligence or other public vehicle.
examples: text: The boys were dragging along the banquette a small “express wagon,” which they had filled with blocks and sticks.
ref: 1899, Kate Chopin, The Awakening:
text: “Get the hell away from that stove, Charmaine, and go play out on the banquette before I bust you right in the mouth.”
ref: 1963 (date written), John Kennedy Toole, A Confederacy of Dunces, London: Penguin Books, published 1980 (1981 printing), →ISBN:
glosses: A sidewalk.
headword
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛdwɜːd/
ipa: /ˈhɛdwɝd/
Forms: form: headwords
form: head word
Etymology: From head + word. Compare West Frisian haadwurd (“noun, substantive, headword”), Dutch hoofdwoord (“headword”), German Hauptwort (“noun, substantive, headword”), Swedish huvudord (“headword, keyword”).
Senses: hypernyms: definiendum
coordinate_terms: heading
head
subheading
subhead
rubric
lemma
glosses: A word (or compound term) used as the title of a list entry or section, particularly in a dictionary, encyclopedia, or thesaurus.
examples: text: In "a very discerning car shopper", "shopper" is the headword.
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The head of a phrase.
Derived terms: subheadword
Related terms: basic form
canonical form
citation form
dictionary form
lemma
indicative mood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: indicative moods
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The mood of a verb used in ordinary, factual, or objective statements.
Related terms: modal auxiliary
modal auxiliary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: modal auxiliaries
Senses: topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A verb used to express the mood (or tense) of another verb.
Related terms: modal verb
modal case
coiled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɔɪld/
rhymes: -ɔɪld
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of coil
coiled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɔɪld/
rhymes: -ɔɪld
Forms: form: more coiled
form: most coiled
Senses: examples: text: a coiled serpent
glosses: In the form of coils; having coils.
examples: text: Two first-half goals from the Colombian forward Radamel Falcao won the game, allowing Atlético to spend the final hour or so sitting deep, coiled always for a breakaway.
ref: 2012 May 9, Jonathan Wilson, “Europa League: Radamel Falcao's Atlético Madrid rout Athletic Bilbao”, in the Guardian:
glosses: Prepared and poised to act, like a snake that has coiled its lower body so it can strike.
Synonyms: looped
Derived terms: hypercoiled
noncoiled
undercoiled
clubbing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌbɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌbɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of club
clubbing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌbɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌbɪŋ
Forms: form: clubbings
Senses: examples: text: There was an outbreak of near-fatal clubbings in that area.
text: Efforts to unionize were routinely met with clubbings, shootings, jailings, blacklistings and executions, perpetrated not only by well-armed legions of company goons, but also by police officers, deputies, National Guardsmen and even regular soldiers.
ref: 2009 February 22, Kevin Baker, “Blood on the Street”, in The New York Times:
glosses: An instance of using a club.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A thickening of the ends of fingers and toes.
examples: text: We're going clubbing tonight.
text: I don't like clubbing.
glosses: The practice of frequenting nightclubs.
glosses: The development of clubroot in a plant.
Derived terms: pseudoclubbing
Related terms: clubber
clubgoer
pubbing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌbɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌbɪŋ
Senses: glosses: The practice of frequenting pubs.
pubbing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌbɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌbɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: We're going out pubbing tonight — want to join us?
glosses: present participle and gerund of pub
drubbing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹʌbɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌbɪŋ
Etymology: From drub + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of drub
drubbing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɹʌbɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌbɪŋ
Forms: form: drubbings
Etymology: From drub + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: His mother gave him a drubbing after finding out he'd been stealing.
text: Yet upon its release in Germany the first world war drama has been at the receiving end of a critical drubbing, with critics complaining that it turns a beloved literary classic into a spectacle “horny for an Oscar”, and military historians bemoaning its “black-and-white” historical inaccuracies.
ref: 2023 January 27, Philip Oltermann, “German critics pan Oscar-nominated All Quiet On the Western Front”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: A severe beating.
examples: text: The debate team got a drubbing from the competition.
text: Leighton Baines's deflected free-kick added yet more late gloss to the drubbing, the Everton player celebrating his first competitive start with England's first goal direct from a free-kick since David Beckham scored against Ecuador at the 2006 World Cup.
ref: 2012 September 7, Dominic Fifield, “England start World Cup campaign with five-goal romp against Moldova”, in The Guardian:
text: In a short speech Sunday night after his party’s drubbing, a downcast Mr. Abascal acknowledged that Mr. Sánchez now had the support to block a new government, and could also be sworn in again with the support of the far-left and the separatist parties, or what he called “the support of communists and terrorists.”
ref: 2023 July 24, Jason Horowitz, “What the Collapse of Spain’s Far Right Means Going Forward”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Peter Dutton was a disaster for the Liberals, as the election drubbing showed.
ref: 2025 July 31, Michelle Grattan, “Grattan on Friday: Aggrieved Liberals stamp their feet, testing Sussan Ley’s authority”, in The Conversation:
glosses: A thorough defeat.
touching
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English touchynge, equivalent to touch + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of touch
touching
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃɪŋ
Forms: form: more touching
form: most touching
Etymology: From Middle English touchynge, equivalent to touch + -ing.
Senses: examples: a touching story
glosses: Provoking sadness and pity; that can cause sadness or heartbreak among witnesses to a sad event or situation.
glosses: In direct contact with.
Synonyms: sense: provoking sadness
word: emotional
sense: provoking sadness
word: moving
sense: provoking sadness
word: sad
topics: linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
sense: in direct contact with
word: pertingent
topics: biology
natural-sciences
sense: in direct contact with
word: juxtacrine
touching
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English touchynge, equivalent to touch + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Now as touching things offered vnto idoles, wee know that wee all haue knowledge.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Corinthians 8:1:
text: Every time I ascended to the deck from my watches below, I instantly gazed aft to mark if any strange face were visible ; for my first vague disquietude touching the unknown captain, now in the seclusion of the sea, became almost a perturbation.
ref: 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 28, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, page 134:
glosses: Regarding; concerning.
Synonyms: about
apropos
as for
touching
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtʌt͡ʃɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌtʃɪŋ
Forms: form: touchings
Etymology: From Middle English touching, touchinge, touchynge, equivalent to touch + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: But we can also take a more analytical attitude to these displays, interpreting the movements as no more than approachings, touchings, and departings with no implication that one shape caused the other to move.
ref: 2011, Lance J. Rips, Lines of Thought: Central Concepts in Cognitive Psychology, page 168:
glosses: The act by which something is touched.
glosses: A snack served with alcoholic drinks in an informal environment.
scudding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of scud
scudding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: scuddings
Senses: examples: text: The hare lends its form to the witch for her twilight flittings and scuddings to the place of some unhallowed rendezvous.
ref: 1845, Dublin University Magazine, volume 25, page 39:
glosses: The action of the verb to scud.
scudding
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Three times the Mexican gegenpress drew a scampering counterattack, whirring in on goal only to be foiled by a scudding last-ditch tackle or a last pass just awry. Germany were there for the taking, cut open with extraordinary relish by the Mexico attack.
ref: 2018 June 17, Barney Ronay, “Mexico’s Hirving Lozano stuns world champions Germany for brilliant win”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 05 Aug 2019:
text: all times I have enjoy'd
Greatly, have suffer'd greatly, both with those
That loved me, and alone; on shore, and when
Thro' scudding drifts the rainy Hyades (10)
Vext the dim sea
ref: 1833, Alfred Tennyson, Ulysses:
glosses: That scuds or scud.
mugging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmʌɡɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌɡɪŋ
Forms: form: muggings
Senses: examples: text: There have been three muggings in this street in the past week.
glosses: A quick violent robbery of a person, usually in a public place.
Derived terms: antimugging
Pascal's mugging
mugging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmʌɡɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌɡɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of mug
clucking
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of cluck
clucking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Forms: form: cluckings
Senses: glosses: The action of the verb cluck; a cluck sound.
clucking
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Senses: examples: text: That clucking bastard!
glosses: fucking (as intensifier)
ducking
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of duck
ducking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Forms: form: duckings
Senses: glosses: An instance of ducking down, e.g. to hide.
examples: text: They gave him a ducking in the river as a punishment.
glosses: An instance of ducking (a person in water, etc).
Derived terms: ducking coat
ducking stool
rubber ducking
rubber-ducking
ducking
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Etymology: Suggested by predictive text or autocorrect on some devices.
Senses: examples: text: You are the ducking idiot here.
ref: 2015, El Castor, “Re: China sending fighter jets to Syria to assist Russia”, in soc.retirement (Usenet):
text: “In those moments where you just want to type a ducking word, well, the keyboard will learn it, too,” said Craig Federighi, Apple’s senior vice president for software engineering.
ref: 2023 June 7, Callie Holtermann, quoting Craig Federighi, “Apple Knows You Didn’t Mean to Type ‘Ducking’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Euphemistic form of fucking.
ducking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdʌkɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌkɪŋ
Forms: form: duckings
Etymology: Nominalization of duck (verb), a denominal verb of duck (noun), from ellipsis of rubber duck, from rubber + duck (noun).
Senses: examples: text: Parliament said she hopes ducking becomes a regular part of Jeep culture, similar to the notorious "Jeep wave" that Wrangler owners are known to do on the road to say "hi" to one another.
ref: 2020 July 29, Susannah Sudborough, “It may sound quacky, but Jeep ducking is a real thing and it's right here in Taunton”, in Taunton Daily Gazette, Taunton, Massachusetts:
text: She's gone out ducking with friends and family on shopping trips, in hospital parking lots and at Bishop International Airport in Flint, handing out more than 100 of the quackers.
ref: 2022 September 13, Breana Noble, “'World's largest rubber duck' at Detroit auto show celebrates Jeep 'ducking' movement”, in The Detroit News:
glosses: The act of surreptitiously leaving a rubber duck on someone's parked Jeep as an act of kindness (see Jeep ducking).
Related terms: rubber ducking
funding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfʌndɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌndɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of fund
funding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfʌndɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌndɪŋ
Forms: form: fundings
Senses: examples: text: However the collapse in demand for rail and air travel caused by the pandemic has had a knock-on effect for the project's funding.
ref: 2021 May 5, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Heathrow Western Rail Access scheme 'on hold'”, in RAIL, number 930, page 26:
glosses: The action of the verb fund.
examples: text: The council is providing funding to the church to repair the roof.
text: Second, a bank can commit to provide a maximum amount of money (e.g., $US1,000,000) in one or more fundings over a set period of time (e.g., one year). Such credit facilities are called “lines of credit.”
ref: 2013, Brian Nelson, Law and Ethics in Global Business:
glosses: Money provided as funds.
Derived terms: antifunding
backpack funding
crowdfunding
funding liquidity risk
overfunding
seed funding
self-funding
soft funding
metacognition
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: metacognitions
Etymology: From meta- + cognition.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
synonyms: metathinking#Noun
metathought
coordinate_terms: sentience
consciousness
;
metaemotion
metalanguage
metaphilosophy
metascience
metatheory
glosses: the act of thinking about thinking.
Related terms: metacogitate
FOI
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Fruit of Islam.
FOI
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Initialism of freedom of information.
don't hold your breath
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Etymology: Suggesting that if one were to hold one's breath while waiting for the expected event, one would die before it happened
Senses: examples: text: - The government says it's going to introduce free meals for all schoolchildren.
- Huh, don't hold your breath.
text: Don't hold your breath and don't jump to conclusions, but there is likely to be an announcement about the future of the railways in the next few weeks - [...].
ref: 2021 February 24, Christian Wolmar, “Franchising still exists - under tight Departmental control”, in RAIL, number 925, page 48:
glosses: Don't wait. Said cynically to suggest that what has just been mentioned is unlikely to happen soon or at all.
Related terms: breathholding
with bated breath
hold one's breath
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: holds one's breath
form: holding one's breath
form: held one's breath
form: held one's breath
Senses: glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see hold, one's, breath. To keep air in one's lungs, pausing noticeably before exhaling after previously inhaling.
examples: text: He might pay back the money he borrowed without you reminding him, but I wouldn't hold my breath.
text: Petraeus hoped they would succeed, and lent his support, but he was not holding his breath.
ref: 2008, Linda Robinson, Tell Me How This Ends: General David Petraeus and the Search for a Way Out of Iraq, page 271:
text: It would be nice to think there are grown-ups in the Government ready to sort out the mess for the sake of London and its people... but I'm not holding my breath.
ref: 2021 October 6, Christian Wolmar, “Both sides must work together to get London back on track”, in RAIL, number 941, page 35:
qualifier: usually in a negative
glosses: To wait expectantly for something to happen soon.
Derived terms: don't hold your breath
Related terms: breathholding
breath-holding
with bated breath
sinn
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: sinns
form: sinning
form: sinned
form: sinned
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of sin.
genitourinary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From genito- + urinary.
Senses: topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
synonyms: GU
urogenital
urinogenital
glosses: Of or pertaining to the genital and urinary systems of the body, together with their function, disease, etc.
waterworks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɔːtəˌwəːks/
ipa: /ˈwɔtɚˌwɚks/
ipa: [-ɾɚ-]
Forms: form: waterworks
form: waterwork
form: water works
form: water-works
Etymology: From water + works (“machine, mechanism; factory or factories”).
Senses: glosses: The water supply system of a district, town, city, or other place, including reservoirs, pipes, and pumps.
examples: text: She is employed by a waterworks at the outskirts of the city.
hypernyms: works#Noun_2
coordinate_terms: gasworks
qualifier: treated as singular
glosses: Any single facility, such as a filtration plant or pumping station, within such a system.
examples: text: She turned on the waterworks when we told her the old man was dead, but she was asking questions about the will soon enough.
glosses: Often in the form turn on the waterworks: crying or tears, especially in a way that is considered manipulative or over-emotional.
glosses: Rain.
synonyms: word: plumbing
glosses: The genitourinary system.
examples: text: Resolving to possess myself in some quiet if it might be, in a time of so great jealosy, I built by my Brother's permission a study, made a fishpond, an island, and some other solitudes and retirements, at Wotton, which gave the first occasion of improving them to those water-works and gardens which afterwards succeeded them.
ref: 1643 May 12 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 2 May 1643]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC, page 30:
qualifier: treated as singular
glosses: A hydraulic apparatus by which a supply of water is furnished for ornamental purposes; also, an ornamental fountain or waterfall.
topics: business
construction
manufacturing
glosses: Engineering works relating to the conveyance and flow of fluids (principally water), such as the collection and distribution of water, drainage, irrigation, etc.
Derived terms: turn on the waterworks
waterworks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwɔːtəˌwəːks/
ipa: /ˈwɔtɚˌwɚks/
ipa: [-ɾɚ-]
Etymology: From waterwork + -s.
Senses: glosses: plural of waterwork
soper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sopers
form: soaper
Etymology: From soporific. Sopor has been used as a brand name for methaqualone.
Senses: glosses: Methaqualone.
glosses: Any other soporific drug.
doofer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈduːfə/
ipa: /ˈduːfɚ/
rhymes: -uːfə(ɹ)
Forms: form: doofers
Etymology: Respelling of “do for”, as in “it will do for that job”.
Senses: examples: text: A certain factory manufactures two distinct products, ‘gadgets’ and ‘doofers’. […] The times required for these operations, the total time available per week, and the profit per gadget or doofer are as tabulated: […]
ref: 1981, Ian Stewart, “Applications of Modern Mathematics”, in Concepts of Modern Mathematics, Harmondsworth, Middlesex; New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, →ISBN; republished Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 1995, →ISBN, page 271:
text: Right-ho. Who's going to work the doofer? Lady? Right-ho.
ref: 1992, Dylan Thomas, “Margate – Past and Present”, in Ralph Maud, editor, On the Air with Dylan Thomas: The Broadcasts, New York, N.Y.: Published for James Laughlin by New Directions Publishing, →ISBN, page 114:
text: I opt for a CN Burger combo – basically, a hefty cheeseburger and fries, with a drink. […] I collect, together with serviettes (you ought to need serviettes with a burger!), and one of their patented "doofers" – an ingenious cardboard contraption designed to stop your burger's innards falling out – and return to eat it at work.
ref: 2012 April 27, “Rating the Burger Fuel burger”, in Stuff.co.nz, archived from the original on 14 Jun 2012:
text: On top of the bar [of the bicycle] is a little rubber doofer that plugs a hole, into which a Garmin or Wahoo out-front mount can be inserted.
ref: 2018 February 28, Stu Bowers, “Cannondale Synapse Hi-Mod Disc 2018 Review”, in Cyclist, archived from the original on 09 Aug 2018:
glosses: An object whose name the speaker or writer cannot remember or does not know.
examples: text: From a very early age, my elder grandson took to calling the remote control for the TV the ‘doofer’. He didn't come up with the name himself. It was the name his parents used, and he just picked it up – the name, that is, not the doofer. Actually, he became very adept at negotiating his way around the doofer and even had to teach his grandfather how it worked. But then, children pick these things up very quickly – like the doofer and the way it operates. Our doofer is always getting lost. It's never there when you need it, and it's always somewhere you don't want it to be – […]
ref: 2014, Tom Gordon, “December 12 – Simplicity”, in Look Well to This Day: A Year of Daily Reflections, Glasgow: Wild Goose Publications, →ISBN, page 357:
text: I was bombarded with hysterical Black Friday offers to upgrade my telly, my tablet, my computer, my phone and my DVD player. Why in the name of G5 would I want to do that? I already have to negotiate my way, weepily, round four doofers (as in “it’ll do for that”, aka a remote) just to watch I’m a Celebrity…
ref: 2014 November 28, Judith Woods, “Three cheers for Mariella and the ‘M’ word”, in The Daily Telegraph, archived from the original on 22 Jun 2017:
glosses: An object whose name the speaker or writer cannot remember or does not know.
The remote control for a television.
Synonyms: thingy
doofer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈduːfə/
ipa: /ˈduːfɚ/
rhymes: -uːfə(ɹ)
Forms: form: doofers
Etymology: From doof (“outdoor dance party”) + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Last weekend The Sunday Telegraph reported on the trend of what teenagers are calling "bush doofing", which sees hundreds of drunk partygoers descend on a vacant property for a wild night of drinking and dancing. But real bush doofers have hit back, claiming teenagers are ruining the reputation of the events, which are meant to be well-organised, legal events, not a breeding ground for wild behaviour, sexual assaults and underage drinking.
ref: 2013 May 11, Briana Domjen, “Bush doof community hits back”, in The Sunday Telegraph, Sydney, N.S.W., archived from the original on 06 Sep 2017:
text: In the early days you couldn't really distinguish between … the techno ravers in the warehouses and the bush doofers […]
ref: 2015 May 19, Simon Leo Brown, quoting Paul Fleckney, “Mad Max: Fury Road’s War Drumming Doof Wagon Doesn’t Represent Doof, Says Documentary Maker”, in ABC Radio Melbourne, archived from the original on 10 May 2017:
text: In one year since the last Let Them Eat Cake, you could be mistaken for thinking that the crowd had been infiltrated by the cadre of loyal doofers who haven’t missed a Rainbow Serpent [Festival] since the Rainbow Serpent first created Australia.
ref: 2016 January 4, Sam Bytheway, “Review: Let Them Eat Cake NYD 2016”, in Howl & Echoes, archived from the original on 18 Feb 2018:
text: [A]round 200 ‘doofers’ had trampled and rubbished the ecologically sensitive area which contained threatened fauna and flora.
ref: 2017 March 17, “Byron Beach Doof-party Organiser Fined $8,000”, in Echo Netdaily, archived from the original on 20 Mar 2017:
glosses: A participant in a doof (“outdoor dance party held in remote bushland or on the outskirts of a city”).
punning
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌnɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌnɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of pun
punning
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌnɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌnɪŋ
Forms: form: punnings
Senses: glosses: The action of the verb to pun.
Derived terms: type punning
punning
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpʌnɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌnɪŋ
Senses: examples: The spoonerism "Burly Chassis" is a punning reference to Shirley Bassey's voluptuous figure.
glosses: That makes or uses a pun.
radiative recombination
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: radiative recombinations
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: the capture of a free electron by an atom and the subsequent emission of a photon having the same energy
cas
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kæʒ/
rhymes: -æʒ
Forms: form: more cas
form: most cas
Senses: examples: text: don't feel like you have to dress up. I mean, we're super cas here
ref: 2015, The Intern:
glosses: Abbreviation of casual.
raise Cain
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: raises Cain
form: raising Cain
form: raised Cain
form: raised Cain
Etymology: From Cain, the biblical son of Adam and Eve, the first murderer. The expression implies raising him from the dead and thus bringing or returning that evil to Earth.
Senses: examples: text: Those damned boys have been out drinking and raising Cain again tonight.
text: Why have we every reason to believe that Adam and Eve were both rowdies? Because Eve raised the Old Harry, and they both raised Cain.
ref: 1840 July 11, “A Good Joke”, in The New England Weekly Review (Hartford [Conn.]):
text: "I seen old Flint in the corner there, behind you; as plain as print, I seen him; and if I get the horrors, I'm a man that has lived rough, and I'll raise Cain."
ref: 1881–1882, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 14 November 1883, →OCLC:
glosses: Synonym of raise hell.
synonyms: word: raise hell
Related terms: alt: eggcorn
word: raise cane
prothesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɒθəsɪs/
ipa: /ˈpɹɔθəsɪs/
ipa: /ˈpɹɑθəsɪs/
Forms: form: protheses
Etymology: From Late Latin prothesis, prosthesis, alteration (dropping the ‘s’) from Ancient Greek πρόσθεσις (prósthesis, “addition, augmentation”), (English prosthesis) from προστίθημι (prostíthēmi, “I add”), from πρός (prós, “towards”) + τίθημι (títhēmi, “I place”), from Proto-Indo-European *próti, *préti + *dʰédʰeh₁- (“to be putting, to be placing”).
However, often confused for a descendant of the Ancient Greek word πρόθεσις (próthesis, “a preposing, preposition”) (without the σ (s)), which is instead the source of a different term – see alternative etymology, below.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
glosses: The prepending of phonemes at the beginning of a word without changing its morphological structure, as in Spanish esfera from Greek (via Latin) sphaera (“sphere”) (without prothesis the word would have become *sfera).
Synonyms: prosthesis
Coordinate terms: paragoge
epenthesis
Derived terms: h-prothesis
t-prothesis
Related terms: prosthesis
prothesis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɒθəsɪs/
ipa: /ˈpɹɔθəsɪs/
ipa: /ˈpɹɑθəsɪs/
Forms: form: protheses
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρόθεσις (próthesis, “a preposing”), from προτίθημι (protíthēmi, “I prepose”), from πρό (pró, “before”) + τίθημι (títhēmi, “I place”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro + *dʰédʰeh₁ti (“to be putting, to be placing”).
Senses: topics: Christianity
glosses: The preparation and preliminary oblation of the Eucharistic bread and wine in the Divine Liturgy of the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches.
glosses: Credence table.
Synonyms: proskomide
quebracho
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɪˈbɹɑːt͡ʃəʊ/
ipa: /kɛˈbɹɑt͡ʃoʊ/
Forms: form: quebrachos
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish quebracho, from quebrar (“to break”) + hacha (“axe”).
Senses: glosses: Any of several trees of southern South America with produce very hard wood rich in tannin, especially those of the genus Schinopsis.
glosses: The wood of these trees.
glosses: The bark of these trees, formerly used in treating fever.
glosses: A tannin extracted from these trees.
Derived terms: red quebracho
white quebracho
Related terms: english: wood from said tree
translation: wood from said tree
word: barauna
word: quebracho chaqueño
word: quebracho macho
word: quebracho santiagueño
quebrada
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /keˈbɹɑːdə/
Forms: form: quebradas
form: quebrado
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish quebrada.
Senses: examples: text: Later, friends told me of the dangers of absorbing fright illness and mal aire from the quebrada, especially from eggs and other curing paraphernalia discarded there.
ref: 2003, Joan Koss-Chioino, Thomas L. Leatherman, Christine Greenway, Medical Pluralism in the Andes, page 209:
glosses: A ravine or valley in Latin America.
quebrado
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: quebrados
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of quebrada (“ravine or valley in Latin America”).
oxaloacetic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From oxalo- + acetic acid.
Senses: glosses: One of the constituents of the citric acid cycle, formed by the oxidation of malic acid and via the transamination of aspartic acid; an intermediate in the synthesis of amino acids and the metabolism of carbohydrates
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: a colourless crystalline organic carboxylic acid, butan-2-one-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, COOH.CH₂.CO.COOH
Coordinate terms: english: coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution
translation: coordinate as a base versus an acid, but synonymous in the practical sense that the conjugate base and conjugate acid coexist in solution
word: oxaloacetate
oxaloacetate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɑˈksɛ.loʊ.æ.sɪ.teɪt/
Forms: form: oxaloacetates
form: oxalacetate
Etymology: From oxalo- + acetate.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of oxaloacetic acid.
oxalic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: If not sufficiently purified, a little hydrochloric or oxalic acid, or caustic potash may be put in the water, according as the stains are from grease or from ink.
ref: 1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 92:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A colourless, crystalline dicarboxylic acid, (COOH)₂, found in rhubarb, spinach and other plants, often as crystals of the calcium salt.
Synonyms: word: acid of sugar
word: ethanedioic acid
Derived terms: oxalate
oxalate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒksəleɪt/
Forms: form: oxalates
Etymology: From French oxalate, equivalent to oxalic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of oxalic acid.
Hypernyms: antinutrient
Derived terms: binoxalate
bioxalate
cadmium oxalate
calcium oxalate
dimethyl oxalate
dioxalate
hydrogenoxalate
oxaliplatin
oxalosis
oxammite
peroxalate
plumbic oxalate
quadrioxalate
sodium oxalate
trioxalate
oxalate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒksəleɪt/
Forms: form: oxalates
form: oxalating
form: oxalated
form: oxalated
Etymology: Probably directly from the noun, through the influence of -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: glosses: To coat (steel, etc.) with an oxalate.
Related terms: oxaluria
do away with
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: does away with
form: doing away with
form: did away with
form: done away with
Senses: examples: text: She tried to do away with the argument by changing the topic.
text: The criminals tried to do away with the evidence before the police arrived.
text: She’s working hard to do away with negative thinking.
text: For no nearness in space, no closeness of relations, no daily intimacy, can do away with the inexorable laws which give the adept his seclusion.
ref: 1887, Mabel Collins, The Illuminated Way: A Guide to Newophytes, 1903 ed., Yogi publications, New Jersey, p. 35
text: Using electricity as motive power for railroads will do away with fuel trains, tenders, coal handling, water, and all that.
ref: 1922, Victor Appleton, chapter 7, in Tom Swift And His Electric Locomotive:
text: Centralised traffic control does away with intermediate operators over long stretches of line.
ref: 1950 May, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, page 300:
text: In most countries, homework has come to be an integral part of the schooling system. So much so that parents are suspicious when schools do away with homework.
ref: 2008 September 30, “Editorial: British schools' move towards scrapping homework is a progressive idea”, in Times of India:
glosses: To abolish; to put an end to; to eliminate.
examples: text: He plotted to do away with his rival.
text: […]unless we can begin to understand that the vast majority of those who do away with themselves—and of those who attempt to do so—do not do it because of any frailty, and rarely out of impulse, but because they are in the grip of an illness that causes almost unimaginable pain.
ref: 1988 December 19, William Styron, “Why Primo Levi Need Not Have Died”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: To have someone killed.
Related terms: get rid of
fordo
motive power
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: motive powers
Senses: examples: text: Using electricity as motive power for railroads will do away with fuel trains, tenders, coal handling, water, and all that.
glosses: The power that enables something to move.
examples: text: While at first in the U.S.A. it may have been a matter of high-pressure salesmanship—and it has undoubtely been the irresistible enterprise of the General Motors Corporation, through its Electro-Motive subsidiary, that has set in motion this amazingly rapid transformation of American railway motive power, and has caused all the steam locomotive builders in the U.S.A. to follow suit or be left out in the cold—it seems now beyond dispute that, so far as the U.S.A. is concerned, the economics of the power question can be solved no other way.
ref: 1950 January, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, pages 12–13:
topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
glosses: The locomotives that operate on a railway.
Synonyms: locomotion
motivity
Derived terms: word: motive power depot
english: motive power depot
translation: motive power depot
word: MPD
pectic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pectic acids
Senses: glosses: An acidic derivative of a carbohydrate; the active constituent of pectin.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A helical polymer of αD-galacturonic acid.
Derived terms: pectate
galacturonic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: a carboxylic acid derived from galactose by oxidation of the terminal CH₂OH to a COOH; it polymerizes to form pectic acid
polymerize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɒlɨməɹʌɪz/
ipa: /pəˈlɪ.mə.ɹaɪz/
ipa: /ˈpɑləməˌɹaɪz/
Forms: form: polymerizes
form: polymerizing
form: polymerized
form: polymerized
Etymology: From polymer + -ize.
Senses: glosses: (organic chemistry) To convert a monomer to a polymer by polymerization.
examples: text: Non-polymerized lamins are dimers and they can polymerize to structures such as head to tail or by unparallel dimers which aggregate in tetramers and polymerize to thick fibers.
ref: 2015 March 25, Anna Skoczyńska et al., “New look at the role of progerin in skin aging”, in Przegla̜d Menopauzalny = Menopause Review, volume 14, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To undergo polymerization.
Derived terms: autopolymerize
copolymerize
copolymerized
depolymerize
electropolymerize
electropolymerized
heteropolymerize
homopolymerize
hyperpolymerize
micropolymerize
nonpolymerized
overpolymerize
photopolymerize
polymerizability
polymerizable
polymerizate
polymerizer
prepolymerize
repolymerize
thermopolymerize
unpolymerized
polymerization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpɒl.ɪ.məɹ.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
Forms: form: polymerizations
form: polymerisation
Etymology: From polymerize + -ation.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The chemical process, normally with the aid of a catalyst, to form a polymer by bonding together multiple identical units (monomers).
Derived terms: addition polymerization
autopolymerization
biopolymerization
chain growth polymerization
cyclopolymerization
degree of polymerization
electropolymerization
emulsion polymerization
geopolymerization
heteropolymerization
hyperpolymerization
hypopolymerization
organopolymerization
photopolymerization
postpolymerization
repolymerization
tribopolymerization
Related terms: polymerize
pelargonic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: an aliphatic carboxylic acid, CH₃(CH₂)₇COOH, nonanoic acid, used in the manufacture of plastics, pharmaceuticals etc
Derived terms: isopelargonic acid
Related terms: pelargonate
perchloric acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: hypernyms: oxyacid#Noun
<
acid#Noun
<
compound
<
substance#Noun
material#Noun
glosses: A clear colourless liquid that is a strong acid and a violent, sometimes explosive, oxidizing agent: HClO₄, the oxyacid of chlorine in which chlorine has the highest oxidation number.
Derived terms: perchlorate
Related terms: perbromic acid
perfluoric acid
periodic acid
perchlorate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pə(ɹ)ˈklɔːɹeɪt/
Forms: form: perchlorates
Etymology: From perchloric acid + -ate (“derivative”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt of perchloric acid; used in pyrotechnics and as powerful oxidizing agents.
Derived terms: lithium perchlorate
triperchlorate
oxidation number
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oxidation numbers
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The hypothetical charge of an atom within a molecule.
periodic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: "pûrīŏd'ĭk ă'sĭd
ipa: /ˌpɜːɹaɪˈɒdɪk ˈæsɪd/
Forms: form: periodic acids
Etymology: From per- + iodic acid.
Senses: topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
hypernyms: oxyacid#Noun
<
acid#Noun
<
compound
<
substance#Noun
material#Noun
glosses: HIO₄ or H₅IO₆, the oxyacids of iodine in which iodine has the highest oxidation number; H₅IO₆ is a white crystalline substance (HIO₄ is not stable), and both are strong oxidizing agents.
Related terms: perbromic acid
perchloric acid
perfluoric acid
permanganic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: the acid, HMnO₄, known only as its salts, the permanganates
Derived terms: permanganate
permanganate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: permanganates
Etymology: From per- + manganate.
Senses: topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: any salt of permanganic acid: they are purple crystalline solids, mostly soluble in water, and are strong oxidizing agents
topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: potassium permanganate
Derived terms: calcium permanganate
permanganate of potash
potassium permanganate
potassium permanganate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: potassium permanganates
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: KMnO₄, the most readily available commercial permanganate; it is used as an oxidizing agent both in industry and in the analytical laboratory.
phosphorous acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: a yellowish hygroscopic solid, H₃PO₃; a mild reducing agent
Related terms: phosphite
phosphite
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phosphites
Etymology: From phosphorous + -ite.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: any salt or ester of phosphorous acid
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: the anion PO₃³⁻, or the trivalent radical PO₃
Derived terms: chlorophosphite
diphosphite
hypophosphite
orthophosphite
phosphite ester
trivalent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /traɪˈveɪlənt/
Etymology: From tri- + -valent.
Senses: topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Having a valence of three.
glosses: Protecting against three different (usually flu) viruses.
raw_tags: of a vaccine
trivalent
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /traɪˈveɪlənt/
Forms: form: trivalents
Etymology: From tri- + -valent.
Senses: topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Any trivalent chromosome
tetravalent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From tetra- + -valent.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Having an atomic valence of 4.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Having a vaccine valence of 4.
Synonyms: quadrivalent
Related terms: bivalent
trivalent
pentavalent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From penta- + -valent.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Having an atomic valence of 5.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Having a vaccine valence of 5.
Derived terms: pentavalently
hexavalent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From hexa- + -valent.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Having an atomic valence of 6.
examples: text: Babies born from the 1 August will be offered the new “hexavalent” jab at the age of eight, 12 and 16 weeks.
ref: 2017 July 9, Ian Sample, “Hepatitis B jab to be added to immunisations of babies born in UK”, in The Guardian:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Having a vaccine valence of 6.
Synonyms: sexavalent
octavalent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From octa- + valent.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Having an atomic valence of 8.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Having a vaccine valence of 8.
fibrillation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌfɪbɹɪˈleɪʃən/
Forms: form: fibrillations
Etymology: From fibrilla + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: Though occasionally a “flatliner” can be revived with a defib, it is most commonly used to change the uncoordinated contractions of the heart (fibrillation) into a normal sinus rhythm—that is, to defibrillate the heart.
ref: 2011, Laurence Street, Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Technology, page 125:
text: The most common type of irregular heartbeat is atrial fibrillation or AFib. It is estimated that between three and six million people in the United States have AFib.
ref: 2024 February 13, “Understanding Your Heart Rate”, in Emory Healthcare:
glosses: The rapid, irregular, and unsynchronized contraction of the muscle fibers of the heart.
Derived terms: atrial fibrillation
auricular fibrillation
defibrillation
refibrillation
ventricular fibrillation
Related terms: fiber
fibrillate
defibrillate
defibrillator