virtue
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈvɜːt͡ʃuː/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈvɜːtjuː/
ipa: /ˈvɝt͡ʃu/
Forms: form: virtues
form: vertu
form: vertuu
form: vertue
Etymology: From Middle English vertu, virtue, borrowed from Anglo-Norman vertu, virtu, from Latin virtus (“manliness, bravery, worth, moral excellence”), from vir (“man”). Doublet of vertu. See virile. In this sense, displaced Old English cræft, whence Modern English craft.
Senses: qualifier: conceptually
glosses: (uncountable) The idea of all that is good or excellent (in every sense of those terms) in a human being, collectively instantiated by a varying number of human traits known as "the virtues", the enumeration of which vary by the many virtue systems which have developed within different cultures, religions, and historical periods.
examples: text: Without virtue, there is no freedom.
text: There are a set of religious, or rather moral, writers, who teach that virtue is the certain road to happiness, and vice to misery, in this world.
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, chapter 1, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book XV:
text: “Virtue is an inner light that can prevail in every soul.”
ref: 2004 October 1, “Eight-and-a-Half-Tails”, in Champions of Kamigawa, Wizards of the Coast:
glosses: Accordance with moral principles; conformity of behaviour or thought with the strictures of morality; good moral conduct.
examples: text: The commission of acts by a person which he or she believes to be wrong can cause a diminishment of one or more of the virtues which subsist in the person's personality; in this way such actions may be viewed as significant life events.
text: Some men are modest, and seem to take pains to hide their virtues; and, from a natural distance and reserve in their tempers, scarce suffer their good qualities to be known […].
ref: 1766, Laurence Sterne, Sermon, section XLIV:
glosses: An attribute of a personality (a "personality trait") which predisposes a person to behaviors resulting in human goodness; an admirable quality.
glosses: A particular manifestation of moral excellence in a person.
examples: text: The divine virtues of truth and equity are the only bands of friendship, the only supports of society.
ref: 1813, John Fleetwood, The Life of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ:
glosses: Specifically, each of several qualities held to be particularly important, including the four cardinal virtues, the three theological virtues, or the seven virtues opposed to the seven deadly sins.
examples: text: There were divers other plants, which I had no notion of or understanding about, that might, perhaps, have virtues of their own, which I could not find out.
ref: 1719 May 6 (Gregorian calendar), [Daniel Defoe], The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], →OCLC:
text: One virtue of the present coalition government's attack on access to education could be to reopen the questions raised so pertinently by Robinson in the 1960s […].
ref: 2011, The Guardian, Letter, 14 Mar 2011:
glosses: An inherently advantageous or excellent quality of something or someone; a favourable point, an advantage.
examples: text: Thrones, Dominations, Princedoms, Virtues, Powers; / For in possession such, not only of right, / I call ye, and declare ye now […].
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
topics: Christianity
glosses: A creature embodying divine power, specifically one of the orders of heavenly beings, traditionally ranked above angels and archangels, and below seraphim and cherubim.
examples: text: though she did not suppose Lydia to be deliberately engaging in an elopement without the intention of marriage, she had no difficulty in believing that neither her virtue nor her understanding would preserve her from falling an easy prey.
ref: 1813, Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice:
glosses: Specifically, moral conduct in sexual behaviour, especially of women; chastity.
glosses: The inherent power of a god, or other supernatural being.
examples: text: There was a virtue in the wave;
His limbs, that, stiff with toil,
Dragg’d heavy, from the copious draught receiv’d
Lightness and supple strength.
ref: 1801, Robert Southey, “(please specify the page)”, in Thalaba the Destroyer, volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: […] [F]or T[homas] N[orton] Longman and O[wen] Rees, […], by Biggs and Cottle, […], →OCLC:
text: Here are the glasses, Meg. But I am afraid that the virtue has gone from them, and now they are only glass. Perhaps they were meant to help once and only on Camazotz.
ref: 1962, Madeleine L’Engle, “Aunt Beast”, in A Wrinkle in Time, New York, N.Y.: Ariel Books, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: Ariel Books, 1973 printing, →ISBN, page 189:
text: many Egyptians still worry that the Brotherhood, by virtue of discipline and experience, would hold an unfair advantage if elections were held too soon.
ref: 2011 February 17, “The autumn of the patriarchs”, in The Economist:
glosses: The inherent power or efficacy of something (now only in phrases).
Synonyms: word: douth
word: thew
word: goodness
Derived terms: by virtue of
in virtue of
cardinal virtue
dormitive virtue
in virtue of which
lady of light virtue
make a virtue of necessity
patience is a virtue
pseudovirtue
virtue ethicist
virtue ethics
virtue is its own reward
virtue name
virtue signal
virtue signaler
virtue signaling
virtue-signaling
virtue signaller
virtue-signalling
virtue signalling
virtuous
woman of easy virtue
Related terms: virago
virile
virtual
virtuosa
virtuosity
virtuoso
virtuous
aretaic
paragon