cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
cheongsam
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈchoŋ-ˌsäm/
Forms: form: cheongsams
form: cheongsam
Etymology: From Cantonese 長衫／长衫 (coeng4 saam1, “long robe”).
Senses: examples: text: France Nuyen, and later Nancy Kwan, sexualized the cheongsam. Though people remember Kwan's movie portrayal of Suzie Wong, before her Nuyen earned fame and plaudits playing the prostitute with a heart of gold on Broadway.
ref: 2006, Shirley Jennifer Lim, A Feeling of Belonging: Asian American Women's Public Culture, 1930-1960, NYU Press, →ISBN:
text: A white velvet cheongsam! Except for people in movies, I've never seen anyone look as good in a cheongsam as she does.
ref: 2011, Su Tong, Madwoman on the Bridge, Random House, →ISBN:
synonyms: qipao
glosses: A tight-fitting Chinese formal woman's dress, usually brightly coloured, patterned and/or embroidered, with a split at the thigh.
examples: text: [C]otton cheongsams are still the uniform at several colleges and secondary schools.
ref: 2010, Anthony Sattin, Hong Kong & Macau, →ISBN, page 160:
glosses: A plain coloured, tight-fitting dress with a short split at the thigh, worn as a school uniform by schoolgirls.
synonyms: changshan
glosses: A long formal dress-like garment or robe worn by Asian men.
Scythia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɪði.ə/
ipa: /ˈsɪθi.ə/
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin Scythia, from Ancient Greek Σκυθία (Skuthía).
Senses: glosses: A geographic region encompassing the Pontic-Caspian steppe in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, inhabited by nomadic Scythians from at least the 11th century BCE to the 2nd century CE.
Related terms: Scythian
Scyth
exsiccate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛksɪkeɪt/
Forms: form: exsiccates
form: exsiccating
form: exsiccated
form: exsiccated
form: exiccate
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin exsicco, exsiccatus, from ex- + siccus (“dry”).
Senses: examples: text: The guinea hen, so nearly exsiccated a few days earlier, dangles limp once again, as wet as if it had been freshly slaughtered.
ref: 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 147:
synonyms: parch
antonyms: hydrate
moisturize
glosses: To dry, to desiccate, to dehydrate.
Derived terms: exsiccator
Related terms: exsiccation
horizontal sorting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A form of graded bedding that occurs at the bottom of a body of water. The principle says that smaller colloids (particles) settle farther in the strata while larger particles settle closer to the source of water.
hamantaschen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hamantasch
form: hamantashen
form: hamentaschen
form: hamentashen
form: homentaschen
form: homentashen
form: humentashen
Etymology: Borrowed from Yiddish המן־טאַשן (homen-tashn).
Senses: examples: text: A workshop for children and adults on making hamantaschen, the triangular pastries that are traditional for Purim, the Jewish feast being celebrated Saturday and Sunday, will be held tomorrow[…].
ref: 2007 February 28, Florence Fabricant, “Food Calendar”, in New York Times:
glosses: Traditional Ashkenazi three-cornered cookies eaten during the Jewish holiday of Purim. The filling may be made from variously from poppy seeds, prunes, nuts, dates, apricots, fruit preserves, chocolate, caramel, or cheese.
andouille
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɒ̃ˈduːj/
ipa: /ɒnˈduː.i/
ipa: /ænˈdu.i/
rhymes: -uːi
Forms: form: andouilles
Etymology: Borrowed from French andouille, ultimately from Latin indūcō (“to lead in, to bring in”). Doublet of nduja.
Senses: glosses: A spiced, heavily smoked Cajun pork sausage, often made from the entire gastrointestinal system of the pig.
glosses: Lightly smoked French sausage that is eaten cold, made of pork gut filled with tripe or minced meat of the same animal.
Related terms: andouillette
Saran Wrap
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /səˈɹæn ˌɹæp/
Forms: form: Saran wrap
form: saran wrap
form: saran-wrap
form: saranwrap
Etymology: From Saran, the trade name of a number of monomers and polymers made from vinylidene chloride (especially polyvinylidene chloride or PVDC, because the wrap was originally made of PVDC). Saran was coined by a combination of Sarah and Ann, the names of the wife and daughter of John Reilly of The Dow Chemical Co. + wrap.
Senses: examples: text: In the kitchen, many dishes, covered for the moment with Saran Wrap, were laid out along the main table.
ref: 2005, Zadie Smith, On Beauty, Penguin Books (2006), page 84:
glosses: A thin, clear, (self-)clinging plastic film used to wrap food, etc.
Synonyms: sense: plastic film
word: plastic wrap
sense: plastic film
alt: clingwrap
word: cling wrap
sense: plastic film
word: food wrap
sense: plastic film
word: cling film
sense: plastic film
word: glad wrap
Derived terms: word: saran-wrap
polyvinylidene chloride
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: polyvinylidene chlorides
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A polymer of vinylidene chloride (CH₂=CCl₂) used as a thin film to wrap and preserve foodstuffs etc.
Synonyms: PVDC
vinylidene chloride
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The halogenated unsaturated organic compound 1,1-dichloroethene, CH₂=CCl₂; used in the preparation of polyvinylidene chloride film
cling film
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklɪŋˌfɪlm/
Forms: form: cling films
form: clingfilm
Senses: glosses: A plastic film (originally polyvinylidene chloride but now polyethylene) that is so light and thin that it clings to any object about which it is wrapped; used to cover and preserve foodstuffs etc.
Synonyms: sense: plastic film that clings
word: plastic wrap
sense: plastic film that clings
word: Saran Wrap
Related terms: Saran Wrap
unpleasing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈpliːzɪŋ/
Forms: form: more unpleasing
form: most unpleasing
Etymology: From Middle English un-plesyng, equivalent to un- + pleasing.
Senses: examples: text: It is, it is: hie hence, be gone, away!
It is the lark that sings so out of tune,
Straining harsh discords and unpleasing sharps.
ref: c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
text: ‘[…] Be assured, my dear, that these were the harshest words, and to me the most unpleasing that ever escaped your lips!’
ref: 1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], chapter 13, in The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC:
text: This looked peculiar at first, but not unpleasing when one gets used to it.
ref: 1950 December, H. C. Casserley, “Locomotive Cavalcade, 1920-1950—6”, in Railway Magazine, page 843:
text: Zander took out a silk handkerchief and vented some unpleasing odour from his mouth.
ref: 2000, J. G. Ballard, Super-Cannes, Fourth Estate, published 2011, page 86:
glosses: Not pleasing; unpleasant.
unmerged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + merged.
Senses: glosses: Not merged
separative
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈsɛp(ə)ɹətɪv/
/ˈsɛp(ə)ˌɹeɪtɪv/
Forms: form: more separative
form: most separative
Etymology: Latin separativus.
Senses: examples: text: […] that much more full and eminent Experiment of the Separative Virtue of extream Cold, that was made, against their Wills, by the […] Dutch men that Winter’d in Nova Zembla;
ref: 1661, Robert Boyle, The Sceptical Chymist, London: J. Crooke, Part 1, pp. 98-99:
text: We have hitherto only observed the colouring substance itself, we ought now to consider the preparation of the ground which receives it: to inquire how it comes that every object hath this separative power over the particles of light; how it imbibes one colour, while it copiously reflects another?
ref: 1776, Oliver Goldsmith, A Survey of Experimental Philosophy, London: T. Carnan and F. Newbery, Volume 2, Book 3, Chapter 10, p. 364:
text: Jews christianizing—Christians judaizing—puzzle me. I like fish or flesh. A moderate Jew is a more confounding piece of anomaly than a wet Quaker. The spirit of the synagogue is essentially separative.
ref: 1823, Charles Lamb, “Imperfect Sympathies”, in Essays of Elia, Paris: Baudry’s European Library, published 1835, page 68:
text: He concluded very naturally that the boy had come to some crisis in his unfortunate entanglement with Madeleine Philips, and he was flattered by the trustfulness that brought the matter to him. He resolved to be delicate but wily, honourable, strictly honourable, but steadily, patiently separative.
ref: 1915, H. G. Wells, Bealby: A Holiday, London: Methuen, Chapter 8, § 1, p. 306:
glosses: Serving to separate.
examples: text: Pye had never forgotten or forgiven the ingenious fraud. It had taught him secretiveness, made him even more lone and separative. He had withdrawn from the world of men, academic and otherwise.
ref: 1935, Warwick Deeping, “In a Little Belgian Town”, in Two in a Train and Other Stories:
text: I was working hard, and living a rather separative existence, without realizing at the time what this aloofness meant for me.
ref: 1938, Warwick Deeping, chapter 13, in Malice of Men, New York: Knopf:
glosses: Tending to keep oneself separate from others.
Derived terms: separative error
separatively
separativeness
Related terms: separational
separative
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈsɛp(ə)ɹətɪv/
/ˈsɛp(ə)ˌɹeɪtɪv/
Forms: form: separatives
Etymology: Latin separativus.
Senses: examples: text: 1853, A. F. Lendy, The Principles of War, London: Parker, Furnivall, and Parker, “Strategy,” Chapter 4, p. 117,
[…] as for the distance between [the roads], it varies according to the strength of the army and the nature of the ground, the essential point being not to leave between them obstacles acting as separatives, such as rivers, &c.
text: He […] independently identified the oblique wedge as a separative of words [in cuneiform writing] […]
ref: 1916, Lewis Spence, chapter 1, in Myths and Legends of Babylonia and Assyria, London: Harrap, page 62:
glosses: Something that serves to separate.
unmapped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unmapped
form: most unmapped
Etymology: From un- + mapped.
Senses: examples: text: His objective then was archaeology, his hero Evans, and his heart he had set upon exploring the labyrinth at Gortymna which remains unmapped to this day because of its great extent.
ref: 1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 327:
glosses: Not mapped; uncharted; unknown.
mopping
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɒpɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of mop
mopping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɒpɪŋ
Forms: form: moppings
Senses: examples: text: Even as it buckled over the years and the nail heads at the edges popped up and rusted from repeated moppings, that floor symbolized her unyielding independence.
ref: 2013, Evelyn I. Funda, Weeds: A Farm Daughter's Lament, page 32:
glosses: The process of cleaning with a mop.
glosses: An application of molten asphalt to a roof etc.
Related terms: hot-mop
bagging
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbæɡɪŋ/
rhymes: -æɡɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of bag
bagging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbæɡɪŋ/
rhymes: -æɡɪŋ
Forms: form: baggings
Senses: glosses: The act of putting anything into a bag.
examples: baggings used to cover cotton bales
glosses: Cloth or other material for bags.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Use of BVM to ventilate a patient.
glosses: peak bagging
Derived terms: she-bagging
bagging
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbæɡɪŋ/
rhymes: -æɡɪŋ
Senses: glosses: bootstrap aggregating
squashed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more squashed
form: most squashed
Senses: examples: text: Such threadbare coats and trousers, such fusty gowns and shawls, such squashed hats and bonnets, such boots and shoes, such umbrellas and walking-sticks, never were seen in Rag Fair.
ref: 1855 December – 1857 June, Charles Dickens, Little Dorrit, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1857, →OCLC:
glosses: squeezed until flattened, or until a pulp
glosses: suppressed or silenced
Derived terms: squashed fly biscuit
squashed frog
squashed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: He dropped his cigarette on the sidewalk, shaking his head as he squashed the butt out with the heel of his shoe.
ref: 2001, Jon Brasher, The Color of Moonlight, page 37:
glosses: simple past and past participle of squash
serigraph
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: serigraphs
Etymology: From Latin sericum (“silk”) + -graph.
Senses: glosses: a silkscreen print made by serigraphy
synonyms: serimeter
glosses: an autographic device to test the strength of raw silk
squishing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of squish
serigraphy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: serigraphies
Senses: glosses: Screen printing, silk-screen printing (printing method).
glosses: Screen print, screenprint (artwork).
faqih
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: faqihs
form: fuqaha'
form: fqih
Etymology: From Arabic فَقِيه (faqīh).
Senses: examples: text: Ayatollah Muntazeri, in contrast to Ayatollah Khomeini, states that the argument that the faqih or fuqaha (plural of faqih) are responsible for the establishment and running of the government at the time of occulation does not have a strong base in Islamic sources and cannot withstand a vigorous examination.⁶⁰
ref: 1997, Jamal S. Suwaidi, Iran and the Gulf: A Search for Stability, I.B.Tauris Publishers, →ISBN, page 35:
topics: Islam
lifestyle
religion
glosses: An expert in Islamic law.
silk-screen printing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A method of reproducing coloured artwork using a cut stencil attached to a stretched, fine-meshed silk screen
Synonyms: screen printing
serigraphy
rehouse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: rehouses
form: rehousing
form: rehoused
form: rehoused
Etymology: From re- + house.
Senses: glosses: To give a new house to; to relocate someone to a new house.
examples: text: The existing collection of paintings will be rehoused in the new gallery.
glosses: To store in a new location.
Branson
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹænsən/
Forms: form: Bransons
Senses: glosses: A placename
A town in Las Animas County, Colorado, United States.
glosses: A placename
A city mostly in Taney County, Missouri, United States.
glosses: A placename
A neighbourhood, officially Westminster-Branson, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A surname.
An English habitational surname from Old English for someone from either of these places in England.
glosses: A surname.
An English surname originating as a patronymic from the name Brand or Brant.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
Hideo
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese ひでお (Hideo).
Senses: glosses: A male given name from Japanese.
thrillseeker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: thrillseekers
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of thrill-seeker.
Alt-A
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Short for Alternative-A paper.
Senses: topics: business
finance
glosses: Of a mortgage loan, that does not conform to the traditional standards of Fannie Mae, but is presented as having an A credit rating, based on the borrower's FICO credit score.
Related terms: liar loan
NINJA loan
fangirl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfænˌɡɝl/
Forms: form: fangirls
Etymology: From fan + girl.
Senses: examples: text: It's often an all or nothing world for the fangirl who has yet to learn to bridle the imagination. She is notorious for being incapable of passively enjoying stories.
ref: 2016, Kathleen Smith, The Fangirl Life: A Guide to All the Feels and Learning How to Deal, Penguin, →ISBN:
topics: lifestyle
synonyms: fanne
femfan
femme fan
coordinate_terms: fanboy
glosses: A female fan who is obsessive about a particular subject (especially, someone or something in popular entertainment media).
Derived terms: fangirlish
fangirlism
fangirly
fangirl
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfænˌɡɝl/
Forms: form: fangirls
form: fangirling
form: fangirled
form: fangirled
Etymology: From fan + girl.
Senses: examples: text: I bought the magazines, ran home after work, filmed myself flipping through the pages—half legitimately fangirling over the boys, half making fun of people like myself who fangirl over the boys.
ref: 2015, Tyler Oakley, Binge, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:
text: Letterboxd, armed with the tri-colour microphone which has become their viral go-to, recently attended the red carpet of the BAFTAs. As one TikToker put it, on seeing the famous mic, Paul Mescal fangirled.
ref: 2024 February 29, Jack King, “Why everyone you know is suddenly a Letterboxd head”, in GQ:
glosses: To behave like a fangirl; to be obsequious, star-struck, boy crazy, etc.
swallowable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more swallowable
form: most swallowable
Etymology: From swallow + -able.
Senses: examples: text: Some medical techniques monitor the inside of the body by means of a swallowable miniature camera.
antonyms: unswallowable
glosses: Capable of being swallowed (physically).
antonyms: unswallowable
coordinate_terms: chewable
glosses: Relatively easy to swallow.
raw_tags: of a pill etc
antonyms: unswallowable
glosses: Able to be accepted by the electorate.
raw_tags: of legislation
Related terms: hard pill to swallow
edible
ingestible
nontoxic
potable
bolognini
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of bolognino
salaryman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsæl.əɹ.i.mæn/
rhymes: -æn
Forms: form: salarymen
Etymology: Calque of Japanese サラリーマン (sararīman), from English salary + man, possibly from the phrase salaried man.
Senses: examples: text: In this way, the salaryman was both a progressive social stratum and an intellectual class.
ref: 2000, Harry Harootunian, Overcome by Modernity, page 205:
text: 2017 May 30, NTT Solmare, Moe! Ninja Girls, Season 6 Chapter 2, iOS and Android
― Yamabuki: “Okay... *Sigh*... I thought l'd get to go home and sleep after taking the Principal back...but here I am, still at it, like an overworked salaryman!”
― John: “What? Salaryman?”
glosses: An employee, a worker; now especially a Japanese white-collar worker who works long hours yet has an insignificant position within the corporate hierarchy.
Related terms: office lady
freeter
karoshi
oligochaetologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oligochaetologists
Etymology: From oligochaetology + -ist, from Oligochaeta, the taxonomic class of earthworms.
Senses: examples: text: An ornithologist can simply meander through a forest and look up; an oligochaetologist must keep an ear to the ground, so to speak, and try to divine the ideal earthworm habitat.
ref: 2007 April 22, Amy Stewart, “How the Worm Turns”, in New York Times:
glosses: A scientist dedicated to the study of earthworms.
cavus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkeɪ.vəs/
rhymes: -eɪvəs
Forms: form: cavi
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Latin cavus (“a hollow, hole”). Doublet of cave and cavum.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: In planetary geology, an irregular steep-sided depression that does not seem to be an impact crater.
Related terms: pes cavus
columella
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkɒləˈmɛlə/
rhymes: -ɛlə
Forms: form: columellas
form: columellae
Etymology: From Latin columella (“small column”).
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Any of various small structures in plants or animals that are columnar in shape.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The skin at the end of the septum which separates the nostrils.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: In birds, reptiles, and amphibians, the small bone which carries vibration from the tympanum to the inner ear.
topics: biology
malacology
natural-sciences
glosses: In gastropods, the structure that extends down the middle of the whorls of the shell.
qualifier: coral science
glosses: The structure at the center of the calyx where the septa join together.
topics: biology
mycology
natural-sciences
glosses: The central sterile portion of the sporangium in various fungi.
topics: biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
palynology
physical-sciences
glosses: A rod-shaped reinforcing element of the sexine layer of a pollen grain.
Derived terms: columella nasi
columellar
columellate
columelliform
columelloid
pseudocolumella
common multiples
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of common multiple
computational design
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The development of a computational theory of design.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: The design of products and processes through the use of digital means, integrating digital technology.
cospeciation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cospeciations
Etymology: From co- + speciation.
Senses: glosses: An event that occurs when a symbiotic relationship between two organisms leads to a change creating a new species in the process.
cutterman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cuttermen
Etymology: There may be some tie to the Slate Belt region, USA, where Cornish and Welsh quarrymen of the last two centuries were likely referred to as cutters.
Senses: glosses: A person who is either unkempt or slovenly.
cutterman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cuttermen
Etymology: From cutter + -man.
Senses: examples: text: When the clamp is brought down to show where the knife will cut, the cutterman has merely to press the treadle slightly, and if satisfied that the knife will fall exactly where it is wanted, he can start the Machine without releasing the clamp.
ref: 1883, The Paper Mills Directory of England, Sotland, & Ireland, and Year book fo the Paper-Making Trade For 1883:
text: While the paper is running through the machine the cutterman must carefully watch for creases, which indicate that the roll is running too loose and necessitate the application of resin, and for drags in the paper and breaks in the roll.
ref: 1936, The Industrial arbitration reports, New South Wales:
text: The cutting chain guard was not being used and the cutterman had not ensured that his assistant was clear.
ref: 1955, Reports of H.M. Inspectors of Mines Under the Coal Mines Act, page 14:
text: According to the fillers and pullers much of this was due to the bad technique of the senior cutterman who had not been employed on cutting for many years.
ref: 2013, E. L. Trist, G. W. Higgin, H. Murray, Organizational Choice (RLE: Organizations), →ISBN:
glosses: One who is employed to operate an industrial cutting tool.
examples: text: The result is that from the summer of 1999 to the summer of 2000 five out of the seven rear admirals who served as operational district commanders and all four vice admirals wore no cutterman or aviator insignia.
ref: 2002, United States Naval Institute, Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute - Volume 128, page 51:
text: She would have her cutterman's pin before the year was out, denoting seven years' sea duty, which included two years' command of a one-ten white hull out of Eureka, California.
ref: 2006, Dana Stabenow, Blindfold Game, →ISBN:
text: Visitors to the site will see that alongside the names, a poem titled Hurrah for the Sea and a cutterman insignia have also been engraved onto the plaques.
ref: 2011 January, “Cuttermen: In Memoriam”, in MotorBoating, volume 204, number 1, page 13:
glosses: A member of the U.S. Coast Guard with 7 years or more of sea duty.
drosometer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /dɹə(ʊ)ˈsɒmɪtə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: drosometers
Etymology: From Ancient Greek δρόσος (drósos, “dew”) + -meter.
Senses: glosses: A device for measuring the amount of dew on a surface.
dysmorphophilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Greek dysmorphos (= badly formed) + philia (= love).
Senses: glosses: Sexual arousal arising from deformed, mentally impaired, or physically impaired partners.
echo vowel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: echo vowels
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
glosses: A paragogic vowel that is a repetition of the final vowel of a word
Related terms: synharmonic
edge banding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: edge bandings
Senses: topics: arts
business
carpentry
construction
crafts
hobbies
lifestyle
manufacturing
woodworking
glosses: Alternative spelling of edgebanding.
investigational
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From investigation + -al.
Senses: glosses: Of, or relating to investigating, or to an investigation.
examples: text: An expanded access protocol allows patients to benefit from an investigational drug prior to FDA approval.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: of, or relating to an unapproved drug or chemical entity being studied.
Derived terms: investigationally
noninvestigational
effective dose
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: effective doses
Senses: topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
hypernyms: dose#Noun
coordinate_terms: LD50
IC50
glosses: The lowest pharmaceutical dosage required to cause effect in 50% of individuals.
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
hypernyms: radiation dose#Noun
<
dose#Noun
coordinate_terms: equivalent dose
committed dose
;
absorbed dose
glosses: The radiation dose as adjusted by factors for radiation type and for tissue type. Like several other dose types, expressed by SI in sieverts (non-SI, in rems).
exceedance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɛkˈsiːdn̩s/
/ɪkˈsiːdn̩s/
Forms: form: exceedances
Etymology: From exceed + -ance.
Senses: examples: text: A region is considered "nonattainment" of an air quality standard (NAAQS) if its estimated exceedance rate of the NAAQS is more than once per year over three years. Exceedances are counted in terms of days.
ref: 1989, Ralph E. Morris, Mike W. Gery, Mei-Kao Liu, Gary E. Moore, Christopher Daly, Stanley M. Greenfield, “Sensitivity of a Regional Oxidant Model to Variations in Climate Parameters”, in Joel B. Smith, Dennis A. Tirpak, editors, The Potential Effects of Global Climate Change on the United States, volume 1, pages 2–18:
text: 1997 December, US General Accounting Office, Aviation Safety: Efforts to Implement Flight Operational Quality Assurance Programs, GAO/RCED-98-10, Report to Congressional Requesters, page 24,
On a periodic basis, airlines aggregate and analyze exceedances over time—for example, the number of unstabilized approaches at a particular airport per month, over the last 12 months.
text: As defined in Chapter 2, an exceedance probability curve is a graphical representation of the probability that a certain level of loss will be exceeded over a future time period.
ref: 2005, Patricia Grossi, Don Windeler, “Chapter 4 - Source, Nature, and Impact of Uncertainties on Catastrophe Modeling”, in Patricia Grossi, Howard Kunreuther, editors, Catastrophe Modeling: A New Approach to Managing Risk, page 78:
text: "Exceedances are decommissioned while they undergo remediation," Ms Hammat said.
ref: 2025 September 9, Mya Kordic, “Lead in water at Perth Children's Hospital no risk to patient safety, WA health minister says”, in ABC News, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, retrieved 11 Sep 2025:
glosses: The extent to which an action, activity or substance exceeds a limit set by recommended practice, legislation, etc.
farmworker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: farmworkers
Etymology: From farm + worker.
Senses: examples: text: Though American legislators renewed restrictive immigration policies in the two decades after the war, they allowed employers of farmworkers to import some 4.5 million Mexican "braceros" and Caribbean "offshores," as the workers were called.
ref: 2001, Cindy Hahamovitch, “In America Life is Given Away”, in Catherine McNicol Stock, Robert D. Johnston, editors, The Countryside in the Age of the Modern State, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, →ISBN, page 136:
text: Congress ended the bracero program in 1964, and the next 15 years were the salad days, as it were, for farmworkers
ref: 2017 March 31, “Hail Cesar!”, in National Review:
text: Purdue University researchers estimate that more than 149,500 farmworkers had contracted Covid-19 as of Oct. 16. […] “It’s illogical. We wear masks and take the same precautions as everybody else,” a farmworker called Juan said.
ref: 2020 October 19, Miriam Jordan, “Migrant Workers Restricted to Farms Under One Grower’s Virus Lockdown”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 19 Oct 2020:
glosses: A person who works on a farm, especially a hired hand.
Synonyms: farmhand
Coordinate terms: english: coordinate in its strict sense
translation: coordinate in its strict sense
word: farmer
Related terms: laborer
furshlugginer
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /fəˈʃlʌɡɪnə/
Etymology: From the Yiddish; one of several words Anglicized and popularized by the original writer of MAD Magazine, Harvey Kurtzman. The word comes from shlogn ("to hit") with the prefix far- which often indicates the one so described is taking on the quality named. Thus, in Yiddish it means something that is old, battered, or junky. Because many American Jews had only a sketchy knowledge of Yiddish, and due to the vagaries and difficulties of transliteration, words changed in spelling and consequently in pronunciation. The word should have been transliterated as "farshlugginer" for a more accurate pronunciation.
Senses: examples: text: I trust you, I just don’t trust that furshlugginer hunk of junk over there.
ref: 2001, Glen David Gold, Carter Beats the Devil:
glosses: Well-worn, beat-up, piece of junk.
Gire
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Americanized from German roots, from Gaier or Geyer. It may derive from gyrfalcon, a falcon used in the middle ages for hunting by royalty.
Senses: glosses: An anglicized version of Geier or Guyer, a common family name of German roots.
gynaeconitis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Latin gynaecōnītis.
Senses: glosses: A gynaeceum.
hom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of haoma (“sacred plant”).
Related terms: ad hom
hom class
hom mali rice
hom-set
paraphernalia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpæɹəfəˈneɪli.ə/
ipa: /ˌpɛɹəfɚˈneɪli.ə/
ipa: /ˌpɛɹəfəˈneɪli.ə/
rhymes: -eɪliə
Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin paraphernālia (“goods which a wife brings over and above her dowry”), use as noun (short for paraphernālia bona (“paraphernal goods”)) of neuter plural of paraphernālis, from Late Latin parapherna + Latin -ālis (suffix forming adjectives), from Ancient Greek παράφερνα (parápherna), a compound of παρά (pará, “beside”) + φερνή (phernḗ, “dowry”). In the propertied classes, a dowry was placed under the control of the husband, while the paraphernalia which she brought with her remained the wife’s property.
Senses: examples: text: He has an impressive collection of bicycling paraphernalia, but he doesn't ride very often anymore.
text: Then the boys arrived, with their camping paraphernalia, and in such bubbling good spirits that the girls were infected with them, for they had become rather lonesome of late.
ref: 1913, Laura Lee Hope, chapter 21, in The Outdoor Girls at Rainbow Lake:
text: People such as William James and the Stephensons (with whom he collaborated) may have been the movers and shakers of the early railways, but there was other, less exalted bods who constructed all the paraphernalia - including stations.
ref: 2021 December 29, Stephen Roberts, “Stories and Facts behind railway plaques: Reading (1840)”, in RAIL, number 947, page 56:
synonyms: stuff
utensil
glosses: Miscellaneous items, especially the set of equipment required for a particular activity.
examples: text: So she told her what her husband had said and sat with her awhile; but, presently, up came porters, who brought all her clothes and paraphernalia and what not else belonged to her of goods and vessels from her husband’s house and deposited them in that of her mother.
ref: 1901, Unknown, “The House with the Belvedere”, in John Payne, transl., The Book of the Thousand Nights and One Night, volume 5:
synonyms: parapherna
paraphernals
qualifier: family law
glosses: Objects that a married woman owns, such as clothing and jewellery, apart from her dowry.
Derived terms: paraphernalian
Related terms: parapherna
paraphernal
paraphernals
plug hat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plug hats
Senses: examples: text: Men that I knew around Wapatomac didn't wear high, shiny plug hats, nor yeller spring overcoats, nor carry canes with ivory heads as big as a catboat's anchor, as you might say.
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter X, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
glosses: A hard, black hat with a narrow brim, such as a bowler or top hat.
Portwood
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: An English surname that is said to mean "town of the gate by the wood." The name has been known in the US since 1679.
pyriform
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪ.ɹɪ.fɔːm/
ipa: /ˈpɪɹ.əˌfɔɹm/
rhymes: -ɪɹɪfɔː(ɹ)m
Forms: form: more pyriform
form: most pyriform
form: piriform
Etymology: Borrowing from New Latin pyrifōrmis, from pyrum (“a pear”) + -fōrmis (“-form, -shaped”, adjectival suffix). Doublet of pyriformis.
Senses: examples: text: The chief difference between this brain and that of the Turtle obtains in the large size of the optic lobe and cerebrum as compared with the cerebellum, in the more pyriform figure of the cerebral hemispheres, and in the transverse fissure of the cerebellum.
ref: 1835, Richard Owen, Descriptive and Illustrated Catalogue of the Physiological Series of Comparative Anatomy Contained in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons in London, Volume III Part I: Nervous System and Organs of Sense, pages 25–26:
text: Most small worms have a pyriform shape. Larger worms living in unconsolidated sediments are cylindrical and elongate. Those in rock fissures or coral crevices have stouter and more pyriform bodies.
ref: 1992, Edward Bayler Cutler, The Sipuncula: Their Systematics, Biology, and Evolution, page 145:
text: In fact, Clavigula is very similar to Glochidorella, differing from this mainly in the absence of perioral disc (vs. presence), shape of pharyngeal bulb (more cylindrical vs. more pyriform) and more robust spicules.
ref: 2006, Reyes Peña-Santiago, “Dorylaimida Part I: Superfamilies Belondiroidea, Nygolaimoidea and Tylencholaimoidea”, in Eyualem Abebe, István Andrássy, Walter Traunspurger, editors, Freshwater Nematodes: Ecology and Taxonomy, page 358:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
synonyms: peg-top shaped
glosses: Pear-shaped.
Derived terms: obpyriform
prepyriform
pyriform aperture
pyriform cortex
pyriform fossa
pyriform recess
pyriform sinus
subpyriform
pyriform
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɪ.ɹɪ.fɔːm/
ipa: /ˈpɪɹ.əˌfɔɹm/
rhymes: -ɪɹɪfɔː(ɹ)m
Forms: form: pyriforms
form: piriform
Etymology: Borrowing from New Latin pyrifōrmis, from pyrum (“a pear”) + -fōrmis (“-form, -shaped”, adjectival suffix). Doublet of pyriformis.
Senses: glosses: A pyriform object.
Sekhon
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Sekhons
Etymology: Borrowed from Punjabi ਸੇਖੋਂ (sekhõ).
Senses: glosses: A surname from Punjabi.
showerhead
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: showerheads
form: shower head
Etymology: From shower + head.
Senses: glosses: A perforated nozzle that showers water on a bather, sometimes in adjustable patterns.
examples: text: The steam then carries the water to the top of the machine where it escapes through the showerhead.
ref: 2015, Shawn Steiman, The Little Coffee Know-It-All, page 86:
glosses: A part of a coffeemaker for dispersing water evenly over the grounds.
voluntourism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Blend of volunteer + tourism with haplology.
Senses: examples: text: As summer looms, many Americans — college students, retirees and others who stand at the cusp of life changes — will make similar choices in search of transformational experiences. An industry exists to make these easier to make: the voluntourism business. A voluntourist is someone like Jack, who wishes to combine exotic vacation travel with volunteer work.
ref: 2014 April 21, Rafia Zakaria, “The white tourist’s burden”, in Al Jazeera America:
glosses: A type of tourism which combines traditional travel and tourism with volunteer work. Travelers are given opportunities to contribute money and/or time to causes related to their destinations.
Related terms: ecotourism
responsible tourism
vacanteerism
voluntourist
mulm
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The point is that the filter not only removes mulm from the tank but also ensures that this matter is very efficiently bathed in a constant flow of water, which will dissolve out anything that can be dissolved.
ref: 2013, C. W. Emmens, Keeping and Breeding Aquarium Fishes, page 115:
glosses: The sludge that collects at the bottom (or walls) of an aquarium, consisting of fish excrement, decaying plant matter, and other assorted detritus
gulley
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gulleys
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of gully (Etymology 1).
gulley
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: gulleys
form: gulleying
form: gulleyed
form: gulleyed
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of gully.
megalomaniacs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of megalomaniac
assain
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: assains
form: assaining
form: assained
form: assained
Senses: examples: text: Thou art my only leach, assain me an thou deign
ref: 1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume (please specify the volume), [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:
glosses: To heal or save.
scandal of particularity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Calque of German Ärgernis der Einmaligkeit
Senses: examples: 1994: A materialism […] was supposed to be what science favoured: and the ‘scandal of particularity’, God becoming incarnate in Christ in human history, was indeed regarded as a scandal — that is, absurd — by contemporary intellectuals. — Richard Swinburne, Reason and the Christian Religion (Oxford 1994, p. 1)
2006: Reformed theologians look to the scandal of particularity as a way of naming how the unknowable God is known to us. — Cynthia L Rigby, ‘Scandalous Presence’, Feminist and Womanist Essays in Reformed Dogmatics (John Knox 2006, p. 59)
topics: lifestyle
religion
theology
glosses: The paradox inherent in the idea of a particular individual human (Jesus of Nazareth) incarnating the eternal divine God.
little toe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: little toes
Etymology: From Middle English litel to, lyttylle towe, from Old English lȳtle tā.
Senses: glosses: The smallest toe of the human foot.
Derived terms: little toenail
blether
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: blethers
Senses: examples: text: Thir isnae an embarrassment in the world that cannae be erased by a bit ay blether and a few bevvies.
ref: 1994 [1993], Irvine Welsh, “Bang to Rites”, in Trainspotting, London: Minerva, →ISBN, page 220:
glosses: Alternative spelling of blather.
blether
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: blethers
form: blethering
form: blethered
form: blethered
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of blather.
Derived terms: bletherer
guage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of gauge.
catch a crab
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: catches a crab
form: catching a crab
form: caught a crab
form: caught a crab
Senses: examples: text: I blast off the first few strokes with all the anger and frustration I feel towards Rachel. It works against me. I catch a crab and totally lose it. The boat swings sideways and we have to easy oar or risk slamming into the bank.
ref: 2014, Pip Harry, Head of the River, page 82:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
rowing
sports
glosses: To strike the blade of the oar against the water when moving the oar back between power strokes.
coster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: costers
Senses: examples: text: It was nearly eleven o'clock now, and he strolled out again. In the little fair created by the costers' barrows the evening only seemed beginning; and the naphtha flares made one's eyes ache, the men's voices grated harshly, and the girls' faces saddened one.
ref: 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
glosses: Clipping of costermonger.
glosses: Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Acraea.
Derived terms: costerdom
tawny coster
dandified
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of dandify
dandified
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more dandified
form: most dandified
Senses: synonyms: word: dandiacal
word: dandyish
word: beauish
word: buckish
word: coxcombical
word: dandiacal
word: dandified
word: dandy
word: dandyish
word: dandyistic
word: dudish
word: foppish
word: foppy
word: Jemmy-Jessamy
word: lily-handed
word: macaronic
word: swellish
word: Woosterian
glosses: Characteristic (in dress and habits) of a dandy
dandify
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: dandifies
form: dandifying
form: dandified
form: dandified
Etymology: From dandy + -fy.
Senses: examples: text: The Major smiled as he saw the boy dandifying himself in the glass: the old gentleman was not displeased with the appearance of the comely lad.
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter XVIII, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849, →OCLC, page 167:
glosses: To dress as, make into, or to adopt the style of, a dandy.
Synonyms: word: dandyize
Related terms: dandification
forbad
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /fə(ɹ)ˈbæd/
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of forbade, the simple past of forbid.
shakeup
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shakeups
form: shake-up
Etymology: Deverbal from shake up.
Senses: synonyms: upheaval
reorganization
restructuring
overhaul
shuffle
glosses: A vigorous reorganization, especially of the personnel or procedures of an organization.
Related terms: shake up
sheeting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sheetings
Etymology: From sheet + -ing.
Senses: glosses: Fabric used to make sheets (bedding).
glosses: The process of forming material into sheets.
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A lining of planks or boards for protecting an embankment.
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A weathering process in which rock breaks into sheets after compressional stress on it is removed.
Derived terms: satin sheeting
sheeting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: From sheet + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of sheet
sheetlike
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more sheetlike
form: most sheetlike
Etymology: From sheet + -like.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of sheet-like.
shilly-shally
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃɪliˌʃæli/
rhymes: -æli
Forms: form: shilly-shallies
form: shilly-shallying
form: shilly-shallied
form: shilly-shallied
form: shilly and shally
Etymology: A reduplication of shall I? An older form was Shill-I-shall-I.
Senses: examples: text: "Why, you sees [sic], Captain, your time has come, and you can't shilly-shally any longer. You have had your full swing; your years are up, and you must die like a man!"
ref: 1836, Baron Edward Bulwer Lytton Lytton, Paul Clifford in The works of Edward Lytton Bulwer, esq. in two volumes, Volume 1, Page 633
text: 1866, Charles Reade, Griffith Gaunt, in The Argosy: Volume 2 - Page 16, published by Strahan and Co.
"She would have come a few months ago, and gladly: I'll write to her."
"Better talk to her, and persuade her."
"I'll do that too, but I must write to her first".
"So do then; but whatever you do, don't shilly-shally no longer."
text: However the resolutions seem merely calculated to waste time, as they involve a whole preliminary discussion before the really important matters can be settled. If the Liberal party were sincere, there would doubtless be an attempt to turn out the Government at once, on the ground that such shilly-shallying with a matter of such importance cannot be allowed
ref: 1867, The Nation: A Weekly Journal Devoted to Politics, Literature, Science, and Art, volume 4, page 215:
glosses: To procrastinate.
examples: text: The shilly-shallying performance on domestic issues that has marked Bush's first two years in office is not the result of ineptitude.
ref: 1991 January 7, Michael Duffy, “The Two George Bushes: At Home—A Case of Doing Nothing”, in Time:
text: Then Germany lost its halo. It shilly-shallied over Ukraine.
ref: 2023 February 11, Janan Ganesh, “After Germany's fall, which is the paragon nation?”, in FT Weekend, page 22:
glosses: To vacillate.
Derived terms: word: stand shilly-shally
shilly-shally
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃɪliˌʃæli/
rhymes: -æli
Forms: form: more shilly-shally
form: most shilly-shally
Etymology: A reduplication of shall I? An older form was Shill-I-shall-I.
Senses: examples: text: Irwine would think him a shilly-shally fellow ever after.
ref: 1859, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter 16, in Adam Bede […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:
glosses: Indecisive; wavering.
shilly-shally
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃɪliˌʃæli/
rhymes: -æli
Etymology: A reduplication of shall I? An older form was Shill-I-shall-I.
Senses: glosses: Indecision; irresolution.
Related terms: dilly-dally
makes out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of make out
shirr
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃɜː/
ipa: /ʃɜɹ/
ipa: /ʃɪr/
ipa: /ʃøː/
note: Liverpool, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ʃeː/
note: Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ʃɛː/
note: Lancashire, fair–fur merger
ipa: /ʃɜː(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)
homophone: share (fair–fur merger)
Forms: form: shirrs
form: shirring
form: shirred
form: shirred
Etymology: Unknown.
Senses: topics: business
manufacturing
sewing
textiles
glosses: To make gathers in textiles by drawing together parallel threads.
examples: text: The Creole eggs arrived in a ramekin, shirred on a bed of Virginia ham julienne and topped with a robust, spicy tomato sauce of Creole derivation.
ref: 1985 April 27, Sue Hyde, “Sunday Brunch with a Harbor View”, in Gay Community News, page 8:
text: But her favorite way to express their simplicity is to shirr them. It's an old-fashioned technique that essentially means baking an egg. In her version, the eggs in ramekins are simmered in seasoned cream that reduces slightly into a soft sauce.
ref: 2006, Kim Severson, THE CHEF: ANNE QUATRANO; Letting the Land Make a Statement on the Plate, NYTimes, July 6
glosses: To bake (a raw egg removed from its shell) in a baking dish.