cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
Yellow Sea
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Yellow Sea
Etymology: Calque of Chinese 黃海 /黄海 (Huáng Hǎi), from 黃 /黄 (huáng, “yellow”) and 海 (hǎi, “sea”).
Senses: examples: text: The extent of the great gulph called Whang Hay, or the Yellow Sea, being at preſent unknown, it may be left to the Commander’s diſcretion, to proceed up it as far as he may think proper: he muſt be cautious, however, not to entangle himſelf in it too far, left he ſhould not have ſufficient time left for the proſecution of the remainder of his voyage.
ref: 1784, James Cook, James King, Cook's Voyage to the Pacific Ocean, volume IV, London: John Stockdale, page 248:
text: For centuries, travelers from Asia Minor, Europe and later America prized the carpets woven in Tientsin, a Yellow Sea port in North China.
ref: 1973 July 1, “Art of Tientsin rugs revived”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 25, Taipei, page 2:
text: It was New Year's Eve, and the eighteen American officials who had hurriedly gathered in the State Department Operations Room on 31 December 1970, were still sharply divided after four hours of discussion.¹ The issue was what, if anything, the Seventh Fleet should do in the event of Chinese naval action against the U.S. seismic survey vessels then beginning to explore for oil in disputed waters of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait, and the Yellow Sea.
ref: 1977, Selig S. Harrison, China, Oil and Asia: Conflict Ahead?, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, page 1:
text: Official Chinese reports indicate that since 1966, large-scale oil prospecting has been going on in many parts of China. The most promising discovery, however, lies offshore on the continental shelf stretching from the Huang Hai between Korea and the Shandong Peninsula to as far as the Xisha and Nansha islands in the South China Sea.
ref: [1982, Chu-yuan Cheng, “Geographical Setting and Natural Endowment”, in China's Economic Development: Growth and Structural Change, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 7:
text: The combined East China Sea and Yellow Sea (ECS/YS) covers roughly 1,250,000 km² and is one of the most developed continental shelf areas in the world (Yanagi and Takahashi, 1993). While the Yellow Sea (YS) covers a relatively large area, it is quite shallow reaching a maximum depth of about 140 m (Figure 1). The water depth over most of the area is less than 50 m.
ref: 1998, Akira Kuninaka, AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS AND WATER MASS STRUCTURE OF THE EAST CHINA SEA AND YELLOW SEA, Naval Postgraduate School, page 1:
glosses: A marginal sea of the Pacific between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula
Synonyms: North China Sea
Hyponyms: Bohai Sea
Bohai Bay
Liaodong Bay
Laizhou Bay
Bohai Strait
Korea Bay
Related terms: Yellow River
yes man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /jɛs mæn/
Forms: form: yes men
form: yes-man
form: yesman
Senses: examples: text: Crowds of yes men elbowed one another out of the way, hoping to get a chance to kiss the boss's ring.
text: The function of a Vice-President is the job of a yes-man, as they call it in America.
ref: 1868, New Zealand Parliament, Parliamentary debates, volume 55, numbers 13-25, page 2437:
text: Rice is a "yes man," says one former top government official. "She thinks her job is just to figure out what the president is trying to say and then to say it more articulately."
ref: 2003 March 21, Evan Thomas, “The 12 Year Itch”, in Newsweek:
synonyms: yeasayer
yea-sayer
asskisser
ass-licker
bootlicker
brown noser
suck-up
sycophant
toady
Uriah Heep
antonyms: hero
mensch
truthteller
glosses: A person who always agrees with their employer or superior.
Derived terms: yesmanism
yesmanship
yielding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjiːldɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːldɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English ȝeldinge, ȝeldynge, ȝeldinde, ȝeldand, from Old English ġyldende, ġieldende, present participle of ġieldan (“to yield, pay”), equivalent to yield + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of yield
yielding
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjiːldɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːldɪŋ
Forms: form: more yielding
form: most yielding
Etymology: From Middle English ȝeldinge, ȝeldynge, ȝeldinde, ȝeldand, from Old English ġyldende, ġieldende, present participle of ġieldan (“to yield, pay”), equivalent to yield + -ing.
Senses: glosses: Docile, or inclined to give way to pressure.
Derived terms: yielding parry
yieldingly
yieldingness
yielding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjiːldɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːldɪŋ
Forms: form: yieldings
Etymology: From Middle English yelding, yeldinge, ȝeldynge, equivalent to yield + -ing.
Senses: glosses: A concession.
Derived terms: overyielding
yellow card
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɛl.əʊ ˌkɑːd/
ipa: /ˈjɛl.oʊ ˌkɑrd/
Forms: form: yellow cards
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: a yellow-coloured card, shown to a player (especially in association football) as a caution that he or she has committed a flagrant foul; a further such foul would result in a red card.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: one of various yellow-colored cards used to verify the healthiness, vaccination status or other medical info of travelers.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: a form to record safety concerns and adverse reactions to medicinal drugs.
examples: text: Some large modern dance companies, most large ballet companies, and most large theater companies also require union crews. These are called yellow card companies.
ref: 1991, M. Kay Barrell, The technical production handbook:
text: Each local union has a separate number; New York was the first so they are Local One. Chicago is Local Two. A yellow card (they have been printed on yellow cardstock since time began) is sent out telling how many hands will be required in in each department for the load-in, load-out, and for the run of the show.
ref: 2014, John Ramsey Holloway, Illustrated Theatre Production Guide, page 6:
glosses: A card sent out by a travelling dance or theatre company to request temporary personnel from a local labor union.
glosses: A yellow ticket.
glosses: a card given to British Army personnel during The Troubles.
Coordinate terms: red card
green card
yippie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɪ.pi/
rhymes: -ɪpi
Forms: form: yippies
Etymology: From initials of "Youth International Party" + -ie (influenced by hippie).
Senses: glosses: A member of the Youth International Party, a group of politically active hippies.
yippie
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɪ.pi/
rhymes: -ɪpi
ipa: /jɪˈpiː/
rhymes: -iː
ipa: /ˈjɪ.pi/
rhymes: -ɪpi
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of yippee.
nay-say
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nay-says
form: naysay
Senses: examples: text: "That," replied Miss Lucy, "depends entirely on the manner in which the nay-says are said."
ref: 1816, Sir Walter Scott, chapter 5, in The Black Dwarf:
glosses: A refusal, denial, or negation.
nay-say
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: nay-says
form: nay-saying
form: nay-said
form: nay-said
form: naysay
Senses: glosses: To speak negatively of something.
glosses: To reply no.
Related terms: naysayer
gainsay
-ness
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Pronunciation: ipa: /nəs/
ipa: /nɪs/
ipa: /nɛs/
ipa: /nəs/
ipa: [nɘs]
ipa: /nəs/
ipa: /nɪs/
ipa: /nɛs/
Forms: form: -nesse
form: ⠰⠎
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti
Proto-Germanic *-ōną
Proto-Germanic *-inōną
Proto-Indo-European *-dyé-
Proto-Germanic *-atjaną
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Germanic *-þuz
Proto-Germanic *-assuz
Proto-Germanic *-inassuz
Proto-West Germanic *-nassī
Old English -nes
Middle English -nesse
English -ness
From Middle English -nes, -nesse, from Old English -nis, -nes, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī, from Proto-Germanic *-inassuz.
This suffix was formed already in Proto-Germanic by false division of the final consonant *-n- of the preceding stem + the actual suffix *-assuz. The latter was in turn derived from an earlier *-at(s)-tuz, from the verbal suffix *-at-janą + the noun suffix *-þuz. Compare German -nis and Dutch -nis
of the same origin.
Senses: examples: text: calm + -ness → calmness
text: eerie + -ness → eeriness
text: kind + -ness → kindness
text: one + -ness → oneness
glosses: Appended to adjectives to form nouns meaning "the state of being (the adjective)", "the quality of being (the adjective)", or "the measure of being (the adjective)".
examples: text: that + -ness → thatness
text: tree + -ness → treeness
text: thug + -ness → thugness
glosses: Appended to words of other parts of speech to form nouns (often nonce words or terms in philosophy) meaning the state/quality/measure of the idea represented by these words.
Synonyms: -ability
-dom
-hood
-ibility
-icity
-ism
-itude
-ity
-osity
-ship
-th
how much is it
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: glosses: how much does it cost?
bum bag
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bum bags
form: bumbag
Senses: examples: text: There is no queue at Burger King in Gibraltar. To lure customers, they give you a free plastic bum bag with every Whopper Meal.
ref: 1995, Vitali Vitaliev, Little is the Light: Nostalgic Travels in the Mini-States of Europe, page 226:
text: Don′t confuse money belts with bum bags. A bum bag is a larger and an altogether more ostentatious item; it′s worn over your clothes and can usually hold a small camera as well as sunscreen and sunglasses. As a security item the bum bag is useless and may as well be inscribed with flashing lights announcing “Valuable items inside, help yourself”.
ref: 2003, Lesley Reader, Lucy Ridout, First-Time Asia, page 230:
text: Berichon: I proceeded to pull the pistol out of the bum bag. I flicked the safety switch off the pistol and I fired upon the police officer.
ref: 2007, Poul Anderson, Shocking Australian True Crime Stories, unnumbered page:
synonyms: word: belt bag
word: fanny pack
word: belly bag
word: moon bag
word: waist bag
word: crossbody bag
glosses: A small pouch attached to a belt that is worn on the outside of clothing around the waist and used for holding small personal items.
martello
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: martellos
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Martello.
fada
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɑːdə/
rhymes: -ɑːdə
Forms: form: fadas
Etymology: Borrowed from Irish fada (“long”).
Senses: examples: text: When I read in the RIA Dictionary that the third person singular passive perfect of the verb fo-geib or fo-gaib “has been found”, has been found in the form frith, frioth, fo frith, foríth, and whole lot more including fríth with the fada, I find that friothfully froth-provoking.
ref: 1993, John Minahane, The Christian Druids: On the Filid or Philosopher-poets of Ireland, Dublin: Sanas Press (reprinted Dublin: Howth Free Press, 2008 p. 35
text: The Irish acute accent mark, or fada, is included on Irish proper names and words in the Irish language where required, for example Seán MacBride and Dáil Éireann, except when the fada is not used in a direct quote.
ref: 2006, Elizabeth Keane, An Irish Statesman and Revolutionary: The Nationalist and Internationalist Politics of Seán MacBride, London: I. B. Tauris, →ISBN, page vii:
text: And finally, I have omitted the fadas, or accents, from all Irish words, since they are no help to a North American reader.
ref: 2007, Holly Bennett, The Warrior’s Daughter, Custer, Washington: Orca Book Publishers, →ISBN, page ix:
text: It’s very common in Irish to use a fada on a name, and we had to ensure that a name like Seán, for example should [be possible for] people [to] search [for] with or without the fada on “á”.
ref: 2008, Caroline Williams, “The Irish Playography: documenting the Irish Theatrical Repertoire”, in M. Auclair, K. Davis, S. François, editors, Du document à l’utilisateur : Rôles et responsabilités des centres spécialisés dans les arts du spectacle, Brussels: Peter Lang, →ISBN, pages 219–20:
glosses: The acute accent as used in Irish orthography to mark a long vowel.
milse
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: milses
form: milsing
form: milsed
form: milsed
Etymology: From Middle English milsen, milcen, milcien, from Old English miltsian (“to compassionate, pity, show mercy, soften, make merciful”), from Proto-Germanic *mildisjō (“kindness”), from Proto-Germanic *mildijaz (“mild”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“to beat, grind”). Related to Old English milts (“mercy, compassion, benevolence, kindness, favor, joy”), Old English milde (“mild, merciful, kind, generous, gentle, meek”). More at mild.
Senses: glosses: To be merciful to; show clemency to; pardon.
yodel
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjəʊ.dəl/
ipa: /ˈjoʊ.dəl/
rhymes: -əʊdəl
Forms: form: yodels
form: yodeling
form: yodelling
form: yodeled
form: yodeled
form: yodelled
form: yodelled
Etymology: From German jodeln.
Senses: glosses: To sing (a song) in such a way that the voice fluctuates rapidly between the normal chest voice and falsetto.
Derived terms: Tarzan yodel
yodeler
yodel in the canyon
yodeller
yodel up the valley
yodel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjəʊ.dəl/
ipa: /ˈjoʊ.dəl/
rhymes: -əʊdəl
Forms: form: yodels
Etymology: From German jodeln.
Senses: glosses: An act of yodelling.
glosses: A song incorporating yodelling.
Related terms: yodelayheehoo
yolk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /jəʊk/
ipa: /joʊk/
ipa: /jɔlk/
homophone: yoke
rhymes: -əʊk
Forms: form: yolks
form: yelk
Etymology: From Middle English yolke, yelke, ȝolke, ȝelke, from Old English ġeolca, ġeoloca, ġioleca (“the yellow part, yolk”), from ġeolu (“yellow”).
Senses: examples: text: To make meringue, you have to separate the white from the yolk.
synonyms: egg yolk
ovoplasma
vitellus
coordinate_terms: egg white
glosses: The yellow, spherical part of an egg that is surrounded by the white albumen, and serves as nutriment for the growing young.
examples: text: Wool-growers appear to entertain different opinions in regard to the effect which yolk has on the value of the fleece. Some seem to suppose that the aggregate amount which they receive for their wool is increased from the greater weight which it possesses by being charged with this substance[…]
ref: 1846, The Cultivator, page 270:
glosses: The grease in a sheep's fleece; lanolin.
Derived terms: egg yolk
yolkless
yolklike
yolk plug
yolk sac
yolk
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /jəʊk/
ipa: /joʊk/
ipa: /jɔlk/
homophone: yoke
rhymes: -əʊk
Forms: form: yolks
form: yolking
form: yolked
form: yolked
form: yelk
Etymology: From Middle English yolke, yelke, ȝolke, ȝelke, from Old English ġeolca, ġeoloca, ġioleca (“the yellow part, yolk”), from ġeolu (“yellow”).
Senses: examples: text: This is surprising in that these females were yolking up their clutch of eggs
ref: 1981, Barbara Rae Rose, Activity and Reproduction in Iguanid Lizards, page 12:
glosses: To produce yolk.
youngster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjʌŋstə/
ipa: /ˈjʌŋstɚ/
Forms: form: youngsters
Etymology: From young + -ster.
Senses: examples: text: As soon as Julia returned with a constable, Timothy, who was on the point of exhaustion, prepared to give over to him gratefully. The newcomer turned out to be a powerful youngster, fully trained and eager to help, and he stripped off his tunic at once.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
text: ‘Cook-housekeeper jobs don’t grow on trees,’ went on the woman, ‘leastways not where you can keep a youngster with you.’ [...] ‘Do you mean,’ stammered Jess, ‘that you are . . .?’ ‘Cook-housekeeper,’ the woman nodded. ‘Aren’t I telling you? It’s all confirmed!’ ‘And the youngster – me?’ asked Jessamy. ‘Well, whoever else you silly child!’ said the housekeeper, smiling.
ref: 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 32:
text: “Besides,” she says, looking possessively at her class of Chinese youngsters, “can you imagine these children going to an ordinary school?”
ref: 1973 July 16, Wayne King, “Philadelphia's Chinatown Is Threatened by ‘Progress’”, in The New York Times:
text: In a single moment Montenegro and their supporters were given fresh impetus and encouragement. Beciraj tested Hart with a low shot before teenager Phil Jones, on his England debut, suffered an anxious moment when Stevan Jovetic went down under his challenge, leaving the youngster clearly relieved to see referee Stark wave away Montenegro's appeals.
ref: 2011, Phil McNulty, Euro 2012: Montenegro 2-2 England:
glosses: A young person.
youth hostel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːθ ˌhɒstəl/
Forms: form: youth hostels
Senses: glosses: An inexpensive supervised lodging place, primarily for young people.
Related terms: backpackers
guesthouse
guest house
youthfulness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: youthfulnesses
Etymology: From youthful + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: But it was not the sadness, nor indeed, strictly speaking, the infantileness of the face of Isabel which so singularly impressed him with the idea of her original and changeless youthfulness.
ref: 1852, Herman Melville, Pierre; or The Ambiguities:
glosses: The vitality characteristic of youth.
Yugoslav
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːɡəˌslɑːv/
Forms: form: Yugoslavs
form: Jugoslav
Etymology: From Serbo-Croatian Jugoslàvēn ("Southern Slav"), influenced by Slav.
Senses: examples: text: He considered himself to be a Yugoslav first and foremost, regardless of his Croat and Serb ancestry.
synonyms: Yugoslavian
glosses: A native or inhabitant of Yugoslavia.
Yugoslav
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjuːɡəˌslɑːv/
Forms: form: Jugoslav
Etymology: From Serbo-Croatian Jugoslàvēn ("Southern Slav"), influenced by Slav.
Senses: examples: text: He is an educated man, speaking English, French, Spanish, Yugoslav, Russian and German, and he saw service in the Army and understands espionage.
ref: 2002, Graeme Mount, chapter 3, in Personal Secretary’s File, Bowers to Welles, 16 March 1942, quoted in Chile and the Nazis, Black Rose Books, →ISBN, page 70:
qualifier: otherwise by extension
glosses: Serbo-Croatian language
yuppie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjʌpɪ/
ipa: /ˈjʌpi/
rhymes: -ʌpi
Forms: form: yuppies
form: yuppy
Etymology: Originally an acronym for young upwardly mobile professional or young urban professional, + -ie (suffix forming noun signifying person associated with suffixed noun).
Senses: glosses: A young upwardly mobile urban professional person with an affluent lifestyle.
Synonyms: bobo
yumpie
yup
YUP
Derived terms: antiyuppie
buppie
Chuppie
guppie
huppie
luppie
MUPPIE
postyuppie
scuppie
yuppette
yuppie disease
yuppiedom
yuppie flu
yuppie food stamp
yuppiehood
yuppieism
yuppieness
yuppification
yuppify
yuppity
yuppyish
yupster
lackadaisical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌlækəˈdeɪzɪkəl/
ipa: /læksə-/
Forms: form: more lackadaisical
form: most lackadaisical
form: lack-a-daisical
Etymology: From the archaic expression lackadaisy + -ic + -al.
Senses: examples: text: the lackadaisical look on his face
text: I, at one time, used to go and take a hand at cribbage with a friend, and afterwards discuss a cold sirloin of beef, and throw out a few lackadaisical remarks, in a way to please myself, but it would not do long.
ref: 1822, William Hazlitt, “On the Disadvantages of Intellectual Superiority”, in Table-Talk, volume II:
text: "Then let those who do know it learn that you are able to bear such wounds without outward complaint. I tell you fairly that I cannot sympathize with a lackadaisical lover."
ref: 1864, Anthony Trollope, chapter 58, in The Small House at Allington:
text: I could hear the sound of the janitor's lackadaisical scrubbing against the wooden floor.
ref: 2010, Clare Vanderpool, Moon Over Manifest:
synonyms: word: languid
word: listless
word: unenthusiastic
word: uninterested
word: lethargic
word: adiaphroistic
word: apathetic
word: apathistical
word: blasé
word: deaf
word: cool
word: shiftless
word: dispassionate
word: dull
word: enervated
word: gallionic
word: halfhearted
word: heartless
word: impassive
word: ineffervescible
word: insouciant
word: indifferent
word: insensible
word: jaded
word: languid
word: languorous
word: Laodicean
word: lethargic
word: listless
word: lackadaisical
word: lotophagous
word: lukewarm
word: mopey
word: nonchalant
word: nonplussed
word: phlegmatic
word: pococurante
word: spiritless
word: supine
word: tepid
word: torpid
word: torpedinous
word: unaroused
word: uncaring
word: unconcerned
word: unenthusiastic
word: unimpressible
word: uninterested
word: unlively
word: unmoved
word: untouched
word: unzealous
word: world-weary
glosses: Showing no interest, vigor, determination, or enthusiasm.
synonyms: word: idle
word: lazy
word: fainéant
word: bone-idle
word: idle
word: indolent
word: inert
word: lackadaisical
word: lither
word: slothful
word: work-shy
word: sluggish
word: swear
word: torpid
glosses: Lazy; slothful; indolent.
Derived terms: lackadaisicality
lackadaisically
lackadaisicalness
slackadaisical
Related terms: lackaday
lax
xenophilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɪliə
Etymology: From xeno- + -philia.
Senses: glosses: An attraction to or love of foreign people, manners or culture.
examples: text: While it may appear that Sturgeon has thus become an advocate of homoeroticism, incest, xenophilia, and other exotic or decadent sexual practices, he remains committed rather to the ideals of understanding and tolerance.
ref: 1983, Frank Northen Magill, Survey of modern fantasy literature, Volume 4, Salem Press, →ISBN, page 1707:
text: An alien—seemingly just a tourist—lands in the middle of Washington, assumes human, male form, and is adopted by four college kids for fun and sex. The story is told in snatches of dialogue and scraps of poetry (the title is from e.e. cummings), and is all goofy juxtapositions, happy xenophilia, and affection for the enthusiastic and accepting youth.
ref: 2007, Julie Phillips, James Tiptree, Jr.: The Double Life of Alice B. Sheldon, →ISBN, page 300:
text: Xenophilia (header) From a young age, even before I knew what sex was, I always had a thing for girls. Alien girls I mean — Alorians in particular. I broke out in a sweat every time I saw them. They were so beautiful.
ref: 2012, Mark Guinane, Horizon's Edge, →ISBN, page 303:
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: Love (especially sexual love) between humans and extraterrestrials.
Related terms: xenophile
thang
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: thăng
ipa: /θæŋ/
rhymes: -æŋ
Forms: form: thangs
Etymology: An altered spelling of thing, representing pronunciation in the southern United States (see thank–think merger); compare everytang.
Also see archaic variants for "thing" like Middle English theing.
Senses: examples: text: It's cool, girl, it ain't no thang.
text: Do your own thang.
text: Hawk tuah, spit on that thang.
text: Ooh baby, sweet thang
ref: 1977, “Sweet Thang”, in Freedom Flight, performed by Shuggie Otis:
text: I loved playing ball for Syracuse. Couldn't get enough of doing my thang on that court and showing motherfuckers all my skills.
ref: 2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 180:
glosses: Pronunciation spelling of thing, usually used to denote a known fad or popular activity.
glosses: the buttocks.
Derived terms: ain't nothing but a thang
xerography
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɒɡɹəfi
Etymology: From xero- + -graphy.
Senses: glosses: A photocopying process in which a negative image formed on an electrically charged plate is transferred as a positive to paper and thermally fixed.
xerograph
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: xerographs
Etymology: From xero- + -graph.
Senses: glosses: A photocopy produced by xerography.
longing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɒŋɪŋ
ipa: /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/
ipa: /lɑŋɪŋ/
Etymology: From Middle English longynge, langynge, langand, from Old English langiende, from Proto-Germanic *langōndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *langōną (“to desire, long for”), equivalent to long + -ing (present participle ending).
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of long
longing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɒŋɪŋ
ipa: /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/
ipa: /lɑŋɪŋ/
Forms: form: more longing
form: most longing
Etymology: From Middle English longynge, langynge, langand, from Old English langiende, from Proto-Germanic *langōndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *langōną (“to desire, long for”), equivalent to long + -ing (present participle ending).
Derived terms: longingly
longing-mark
longingness
longing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒŋɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɒŋɪŋ
ipa: /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/
ipa: /lɑŋɪŋ/
Forms: form: longings
Etymology: From Middle English longinge, langynge, from Old English longung, langung (“longing, desire”), from Proto-Germanic *langungō, gerund of Proto-Germanic *langōną (“to desire, long for”), equivalent to long + -ing (gerund ending).
Senses: examples: text: all natural lovings and longings
ref: 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 132, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:
text: For round the valley a great desert lies through which no common traveller may come, but those whom the gods have chosen feel suddenly a great longing at heart, and crossing the mountains that divide the desert from the world, set out across it driven by the gods, […]
ref: 1906, Lord Dunsany [i.e., Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany], Time and the Gods, London: William Heineman, →OCLC, page 2:
glosses: An earnest and deep, not greatly passionate, but rather melancholic desire.
glosses: The buying of a financial instrument with the expectation that its value will rise.
Synonyms: yearning
Derived terms: longing mark
Related terms: long
desire
miss
xerographic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more xerographic
form: most xerographic
Senses: glosses: of, relating to, or produced by xerography
melancholic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more melancholic
form: most melancholic
form: melancholick
form: melancholicke
form: melancholike
Etymology: From Latin melancholicus, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολικός (melankholikós, “atrabilious, impulsive, of atrabilious or melancholic temperament”), from μελαγχολία (melankholía, “melancholy”). By surface analysis, melancholy + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: Just as the melancholic eye / Sees fleets and armies in the sky.
ref: 1718, Mat[thew] Prior, “Alma: Or, The Progress of the Mind”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], and John Barber […], →OCLC:
text: But he was also a natural chronicler: one senses that, even as his schemes collapsed, this aesthetic Arab Quixote knew the stories would make great material for his witty, sharp, melancholic writings.
ref: 2011, Simon Sebag Montefiore, Jerusalem: The Biography – A History of the Middle East, page 268:
synonyms: word: miserable
word: despondent
word: atrabiliary
word: atrabilious
word: blitheless
word: dispirited
word: blue
word: bummed out
word: chapfallen
word: cheerless
word: chopfallen
word: crestfallen
word: cut up
word: damp
word: dejected
word: depressed
word: despondent
word: disgruntled
word: disconsolate
word: disheartened
word: dismal
word: doleful
word: dolesome
word: down
word: down in the dumps
word: down in the mouth
word: downcast
word: downhearted
word: downsome
word: dull
word: elegiac
word: elegious
word: forlorn
word: gloomy
word: glum
word: grief-stricken
word: grieving
word: heavy-hearted
word: heartsore
word: heartsick
word: inconsolable
word: infelicitous
word: jawfallen
word: joyless
word: lachrymose
word: lamentful
word: low
word: low-spirited
word: lugubrious
word: lumpish
word: melancholic
word: melancholy
word: miserable
word: moody
word: mopey
word: morose
word: mournful
word: passionate
word: plaintive
word: querulous
word: sad
word: saddened
word: saturnine
word: shattered
word: solemn
word: sombre
word: sorrowful
word: sorrow-ridden
word: sorrowsome
word: spiritless
word: sullen
word: threnetic
word: threnetical
word: triste
word: tristful
word: uncheerful
word: uncheery
word: unconsolable
word: unhappy
word: unlively
word: wistful
word: woe
word: woebegone
word: woeful
word: wretched
glosses: Filled with or affected by melancholy—great sadness or depression, especially of a thoughtful or introspective nature.
glosses: Pertaining to black bile (melancholy).
qualifier: classical temperament
glosses: Pertaining to the melancholic temperament or its associated personality traits.
Derived terms: antimelancholic
melancholically
nonmelancholic
unmelancholic
melancholic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: melancholics
form: melancholick
form: melancholicke
form: melancholike
Etymology: From Latin melancholicus, from Ancient Greek μελαγχολικός (melankholikós, “atrabilious, impulsive, of atrabilious or melancholic temperament”), from μελαγχολία (melankholía, “melancholy”). By surface analysis, melancholy + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: Kafka, Hart Crane, Jackson Pollock, Tennessee Williams, Mark Rothko, melancholics all, so why shouldn’t we accept our own bleakness and take long walks in the winter woods and look at the gnarled limbs of trees and struggle with the inscrutable and accept the beauty of permanent turmoil?
ref: 2008 March 16, Garrison Keillor, “Woe Be Gone”, in New York Times:
glosses: A person who is habitually melancholy.
bile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: bīl
ipa: /baɪl/
ipa: /ˈbaɪ.əl/
rhymes: -aɪl
Forms: form: biles
Etymology: Mid 16th century, via Middle French, from Latin bīlis (“bile”).
Senses: synonyms: bili-
chole-
;
gall
glosses: A bitter brownish-yellow or greenish-yellow secretion produced by the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and discharged into the duodenum where it aids the process of digestion.
glosses: Bitterness of temper; ill humour; irascibility.
examples: text: I shall tire of my Journal if it is to contain nothing but biles and plasters and unguents.
ref: 1890, Walter Scott, The Journal of Sir Walter Scott:
text: He spake out of the Pythonesse, Act. 16. 17. brought downe fire from heauen, and consumed Iobs sheepe 7000. and his seruants, raised a storme, strooke the house wherein his sonnes and daughters feasted with their elder brother, smote the foure corners of it, with the ruine whereof they all were destroyed, and perished: and ouerspread the body of that holy Saint their father with botches[t] and biles from the sole of his foot to the crowne of his head.
ref: 1616, Alexander Roberts, A Treatise of Witchcraft:
glosses: Either of two of the four humours, black bile or yellow bile, in ancient and medieval physiology.
Derived terms: atrabilious
bile acid
bile duct
bileful
bile pigment
bile salt
bile soap
bilestone
biliary
biliary tract
biligenesis
bilious
bilirubin
biliuria
black bile
violet red bile agar
yellow bile
bile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: bīl
ipa: /baɪl/
ipa: /ˈbaɪ.əl/
rhymes: -aɪl
Forms: form: biles
Etymology: Obsolete form of boil. Akin to Dutch buil and German Beule, all from Proto-Germanic *būlǭ.
Senses: glosses: A boil (kind of swelling).
bile
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: bīl
ipa: /baɪl/
ipa: /ˈbaɪ.əl/
rhymes: -aɪl
Forms: form: biles
form: biling
form: bileing
form: biled
form: biled
Etymology: Obsolete form of boil. Akin to Dutch buil and German Beule, all from Proto-Germanic *būlǭ.
Senses: examples: text: We pretty near biled ourselves and Miss Euly done got her bes' pink apron stained, an' I dropped Sis Suky's big kitchen spoon in de hogshead of sand […]
ref: 1912, Stella George Stern Perry, Melindy, page 130:
glosses: Pronunciation spelling of boil.
spirillum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spirillums
form: spirilla
Etymology: From the genus name, from Latin spira (“coil”).
Senses: glosses: Any of various aerobic bacteria of the genus Spirillum, having an elongated spiral form and bearing a tuft of flagella.
glosses: Any of various other spiral-shaped microorganisms.
jail bait
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of jailbait.
trickle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɪkəl/
rhymes: -ɪkəl
Forms: form: trickles
Etymology: From Middle English triklen, likely a rebracketing (e.g. teres strikled > teerys trikled (“tears trickled”)) of Middle English striklen (“to trickle”), equivalent to strike + -le.
For other similar cases of incorrect division, see also apron, daffodil, newt, nickname, orange, umpire.
Senses: examples: text: The brook had shrunk to a mere trickle.
glosses: A very thin river.
examples: text: The tap of the washbasin in my bedroom is leaking and the trickle drives me mad at night.
text: The streams that run south and east from the mountains to the coast are short and rapid torrents after a storm, but at other times dwindle to feeble trickles of mud.
ref: 1897, James Bryce, Impressions of South Africa:
glosses: A very thin flow; the sound of such a flow.
Derived terms: trickle charge
trickle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɪkəl/
rhymes: -ɪkəl
Forms: form: trickles
form: trickling
form: trickled
form: trickled
Etymology: From Middle English triklen, likely a rebracketing (e.g. teres strikled > teerys trikled (“tears trickled”)) of Middle English striklen (“to trickle”), equivalent to strike + -le.
For other similar cases of incorrect division, see also apron, daffodil, newt, nickname, orange, umpire.
Senses: examples: text: The doctor trickled some iodine on the wound.
glosses: to pour a liquid in a very thin stream, or so that drops fall continuously.
examples: text: Here the water just trickles along, but later it becomes a torrent.
text: The film was so bad that people trickled out of the cinema before its end.
text: Her white night-dress was smeared with blood, and a thin stream trickled down the man's bare chest which was shown by his torn-open dress.
ref: 1897, Bram Stoker, chapter 21, in Dracula, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:
text: The period of intensive traffic is over by about 5.30 p.m. and for the rest of the evening steadily diminishes, the main activity being the Channel Islands boat trains which trickle in after about 6.30 p.m. and depart again for Weymouth an hour or so later.
ref: 1962 April, J. N. Faulkner, “Summer Saturday at Waterloo”, in Modern Railways, page 265:
glosses: to flow in a very thin stream or drop continuously.
examples: text: Some [marbles] were found in a child's grave at Nagada, Egypt […] together with a set of ninepins and three rectangular bricks which could have formed an arch through which to trickle the balls.
ref: 1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 32:
text: Their only shot of the first period was a long-range strike from top-scorer Ebanks-Blake which trickled tamely wide.
ref: 2010 December 29, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0 - 1 Wolverhampton”, in BBC:
glosses: To move or roll slowly.
Derived terms: trickle truth
trickle down
trickle-down
trickle-up trend
trickle charger
-ast
Language: English
Part of speech: suffix
Etymology: From Latin -asta, from Ancient Greek -αστής (-astḗs), from -άζω (-ázō, verbal suffix) + -τής (-tḗs, agent-noun suffix).
Senses: glosses: someone associated with something
Related terms: -ist
laud
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /lɔːd/
ipa: /lɔd/
ipa: /lɑd/
rhymes: -ɔːd
Forms: form: lauds
Etymology: From Middle English lauden, from Old French lauder, from Latin laudō, laudāre, from laus (“praise, glory, fame, renown”), from echoic Proto-Indo-European root *leh₁wdʰ- (“song, sound”). Cognate with Old English lēoþ (“song, poem”), German Lied (“song”). Doublet of leed.
Senses: examples: text: So doo vvell and thou ſhalt have laude of the ſame (that is to ſaye of the ruler) […]
ref: 1528 October 12 (Gregorian calendar), William Tyndale, “The Obedience of Subiectes vnto Kynges Princes and Rulers. The .XIIJ. Chapter of Paul Rom.”, in The Obediẽce of a Christen Man […], [Antwerp]: [Johannes Hoochstraten], →OCLC, folio xxxiij, verso:
text: Laud be to God
ref: c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Second Part of Henrie the Fourth, […], quarto edition, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for Andrew Wise, and William Aspley, published 1600, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:
glosses: Glorification or praise.
glosses: Hymn of praise.
synonyms: ainoi
qualifier: also Lauds
glosses: A prayer service following matins.
laud
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /lɔːd/
ipa: /lɔd/
ipa: /lɑd/
rhymes: -ɔːd
Forms: form: lauds
form: lauding
form: lauded
form: lauded
Etymology: From Middle English lauden, from Old French lauder, from Latin laudō, laudāre, from laus (“praise, glory, fame, renown”), from echoic Proto-Indo-European root *leh₁wdʰ- (“song, sound”). Cognate with Old English lēoþ (“song, poem”), German Lied (“song”). Doublet of leed.
Senses: examples: text: And hys mought was opened immediatly / and hys tonge / and he ſpake lawdynge god.
ref: 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Luke j:[64], folio lxxiij, verso:
text: The most recognised and lauded dictionary of Indian English today is Yule and Burnell’s Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Anglo-Indian Colloquial Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms; Etymological, Historical, Geographical and Discursive, first published in 1886 and updated by William Crooke in 1903.
ref: 2018, James Lambert, “Setting the Record Straight: An In-depth Examination of Hobson-Jobson”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 31, number 4, →DOI, page 485:
glosses: To praise; to glorify.
Derived terms: belaud
laudable
laudingly
overlaud
unlauded
Related terms: leed
lied
besing
canonical hours
lauder
oficina
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oficinas
Etymology: From Spanish oficina. Doublet of officina and usine.
Senses: examples: text: The external aspect of the oficina was not unlike that of a north-country coal or iron mine—tall chimneys and machinery, corrugated iron buildings, offices and houses, the shanties of workmen, a high bank of refuse.
ref: 1890, William Howard Russell, “Iquique to the Pampas”, in A Visit to Chile and the Nitrate Fields of Tarapacá, Etc., London: J[ames] S[prent] Virtue & Co., […], page 171:
text: Neighbouring oficinas place nitrate f.o.b. at shipping ports at a cost of from 5s to 5s. 6d. a quintal.
ref: 1907 July 22, F. G. Lomax, “Copy of letter from Mr. F. G. Lomax to the Law Debenture Corporation (Limited)”, in The Daily Telegraph, number 16,311, London, published 8 August 1907, page 1, column 6:
text: Fig. 9 shows an oficina that has derived its nitrate from one of the small “islands” or “peninsulas” rising above the playa which can be seen surrounding the workings on all sides but the left.
ref: 1942 May, John Lyon Rich, “Physiographic Setting of the Nitrate Deposits of Tarapacá, Chile: Its Bearing on the Problem of Origin and Concentration”, in Economic Geology, volume XXXVII, number 3, →ISSN, page 198:
glosses: A nitrate-producing factory in a Spanish-speaking country.
butthead
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈbʌtˌhɛd/
Forms: form: buttheads
Etymology: From butt (“buttocks, backside”) + head. Compare buttface.
Senses: examples: text: If you think, "He is such a butthead," you might ask yourself what a butthead would...
ref: 2009, Glenn R. Schiraldi, The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Sourcebook, page 131:
glosses: An annoying person or someone who is difficult to get along with.
Synonyms: sense: disagreeable person
word: jerk
butt heads
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: butts heads
form: butting heads
form: butted heads
form: butted heads
Etymology: From the activities of some horned animals, which compete by butting, or hitting, their heads against one another.
Senses: examples: text: They always seem to butt heads when they end up talking about politics.
text: "Eventually, I just pieced it together, figuring your butting heads could probably be explained by a break up. Years of anime shipping trained me for this."
ref: 2018 November 21, Jocelyn Samara D., Rain (webcomic), Comic 1101 - Rose:
glosses: To argue uncompromisingly.
examples: text: For long spells, City butted their heads against Chelsea’s well-organised lines and the upshot was the end of their push to complete a treble.
ref: 2021 May 29, David Hytner, “Chelsea win Champions League after Kai Havertz stuns Manchester City”, in The Guardian:
glosses: To struggle against something that does not give way.
orthonormalize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: orthonormalizes
form: orthonormalizing
form: orthonormalized
form: orthonormalized
Etymology: From orthonormal + -ize.
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: To make a set of vectors both orthogonal and normalized.
butt in
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: butts in
form: butting in
form: butted in
form: butted in
Senses: examples: text: Hey, this is none of your business; don’t butt in!
text: Forgive me for butting in.
text: That spurt of rage took Bradly in the midriff before he could control it. He was standing over Podson with such eminent threat in his bristling beard that Podson said sulkily, "Oh, all right, I don't want to butt in, if you feel like that about it."
ref: 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 125:
glosses: To join a conversation or situation in which one is not welcome or invited; to interject (connotes a rude or discourteous interruption).
glosses: To join a queue not at the end, but in the middle.
Derived terms: buttinski
buttinsky
page flow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: page flows
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A directory of web application files that work together to implement a user interface feature.
complicity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: complicities
Etymology: From French complicité, from Middle French, from Old French complice (“accomplice”), from Late Latin complic-, stem of complex (“partner, confederate”), from Latin complicō (“fold together”).
Senses: examples: text: He drew up a placard, offering Twenty Pounds reward for the apprehension of Stephen Blackpool, suspected of complicity in the robbery of Coketown Bank.
ref: 1854, Charles Dickens, chapter 32, in Hard Times:
synonyms: collusion
complicitousness
connivance
glosses: The state of being complicit; involvement as a partner or accomplice, especially in a crime or other wrongdoing.
examples: text: How easy is it, on the other hand, to an enlightened teacher, particularly in the beginning, to elucidate the various forms of rhythm by methodical arrangement in respect of simplicity and increasing complicity or mixture!
ref: 1861, Dr. Marx, “Musical Education and Instruction,”, in The Musical Times, volume 10, number 220, page 53:
glosses: Complexity.
Derived terms: complicitous
noncomplicity
uncomplicity
Related terms: accomplice
cripple
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɹɪp(ə)l/
rhymes: -ɪpəl
Forms: form: creeple
Etymology: From Middle English cripel, crepel, crüpel, from Old English crypel (“crippled; a cripple”), from Proto-Germanic *krupilaz (“tending to crawl; a cripple”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend, crouch, crawl”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to bend, twist”), equivalent to creep + -le. Cognate with Dutch kreupel, Low German Kröpel, German Krüppel, Old Norse kryppill.
Senses: examples: text: And chide the cripple tardy-gaited night, who, like a foul and ugly witch, doth limp so tediously away.
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
text: Early treatment, and treatment spread over a long period, was the on means of rendering a cripple child fit to mix with its fellows on anything like equal terms, […]
ref: 1922, Maternity and Child Welfare - Volume 6:
text: You let sin in a church and it will cripple that church's ministry. Let sin get its ugly hands on the life of an individual and it will wreck and ruin and twist any life that it gets a hold on. Here was a cripple man who was excluded from the temple.
ref: 2006, Glenn Earle Cummings, The Touch of His Hand:
text: Other[s] think that, certain challenges are for certain people and not for them, that the reason when some women give birth to a cripple child, or male child instead to a female child, they think God did not answer their wishes, forgetting that every child is a gift from God […]
ref: 2014, Paul M Mahlobogwane, Transcend like a Butterfly:
text: He held the cripple boy like a towel. The cripple boy's arms and legs dangled uselessly over his father's arm, one of each on either side, while his father balanced the diaper-clad boy on his forearm.
ref: 2015, Brennan Morton, Dying For Strangers: Memoirs of a Special Ops Operator in Iraq:
glosses: crippled
cripple
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɹɪp(ə)l/
rhymes: -ɪpəl
Forms: form: cripples
form: creeple
Etymology: From Middle English cripel, crepel, crüpel, from Old English crypel (“crippled; a cripple”), from Proto-Germanic *krupilaz (“tending to crawl; a cripple”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend, crouch, crawl”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to bend, twist”), equivalent to creep + -le. Cognate with Dutch kreupel, Low German Kröpel, German Krüppel, Old Norse kryppill.
Senses: examples: text: He returned from war a cripple.
text: I am […]a cripple in my limbs; but what decays are in my mind, the reader must determine.
ref: 1700, [John] Dryden, “Preface”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
synonyms: disabled
glosses: A person who has severely impaired physical abilities because of deformation, injury, or amputation of parts of the body.
glosses: A shortened wooden stud or brace used to construct the portion of a wall above a door or above and below a window.
qualifier: Southern US except Louisiana
glosses: Scrapple.
qualifier: among lumbermen
glosses: A rocky shallow in a stream.
italicize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ĭ-tăl'ĭ-sīz'
ipa: /ɪˈtæl.ɪ.saɪz/
Forms: form: italicizes
form: italicizing
form: italicized
form: italicized
form: italicise
Etymology: From italic + -ize.
Senses: topics: media
publishing
typography
coordinate_terms: bold#Verb
boldface#Verb
embolden#Verb
strike through#Verb
underline#Verb
glosses: To put into italics.
glosses: To emphasize.
Derived terms: deitalicize
italicization
unitalicize
Border Collie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Border Collies
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of border collie.