all
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: enpr: ôl
ipa: /ɔːl/
ipa: [oːɫ]
ipa: /u(ɫ)/
ipa: /aːl/
note: without the cot–caught merger
ipa: /ɔl/
note: without the cot–caught merger
ipa: [ɔɫ]
note: of Canada
ipa: /ɑl/
note: of Canada
ipa: [ɑɫ]
note: of the US
ipa: /ɒl/
note: of the US
ipa: [ɒɫ]
ipa: /oːl/
ipa: [oːɫ]
homophone: awl
homophone: I'll (some dialects)
rhymes: -ɔːl
Forms: form: al
Etymology: From Middle English all, from Old English eall, from Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz, of uncertain origin but perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (“all”). Cognate with West Frisian al (“all”), Dutch al (“all”), Scots a' (“all”), German all (“all”), Swedish all (“all”), Norwegian all (“all”), Icelandic allur (“all”), Welsh holl (“all”), Irish uile (“all”), Lithuanian aliái (“all, each, every”).
The dialectal sense “all gone” is a calque of German alle. The use in who all, where all etc. also has equivalents in German (see alles).
Senses: examples: text: Some gave all they had.
text: She knows all and sees all.
text: All of Jones’s maneuvers to trounce Kennedy.
text: All is not well at home lately.
text: Those who think they know it all are annoying to those of us who do.
text: Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter III, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
glosses: Everything.
examples: text: A good time was had by all (of you/us/them).
text: We all enjoyed the movie.
text: I've got three children, of whom all are studying medicine.
text: Hey all, just a quick note as I am trying to do 46 things at once and slow down a touch all at once…
ref: 2012 October 9, Amy Hauser, Tom Hauser, chapter 7, in Marge Thompson, Frankie M. Leisering, editors, In His Grip … a Walk Through Breast Cancer, WestBow Press, →ISBN, page 39:
glosses: Everyone.
examples: text: All that was left was a small pile of ash.
text: We ate potatoes and ziti .... that's all.
glosses: The only thing(s).
examples: text: Q. Now, then, when you started to go to stake the claims, who all went along?
ref: 1904 October 10, Shea v. Nilima, [US] Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, in 1905, Reports Containing the Cases Determined in All the Circuits from the Organization of the Courts, page 266
roman: A. I and Johan Peter Johansen, Otto Greiner, and Thorulf Kjelsberg.
text: "I mean, you could have called us—collect, o'course—jes' to let us know how-all it's a-goin'."
ref: 1998, Paul D. Staudohar, editor, Football's Best Short Stories, section 107:
text: "Where all did he go? What exactly was his job?" Gary shrugged and produced a weak laugh. "I reckon the Middle East. Ain't that where all the oil is?"
ref: 2002, Richard Haddock, Arkalalah, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 73:
text: "Do you ever ask me what I want to see? Or ask me about where all I've gone, who all I've met, what all I've done? Never. Not for one second. And why? Because you don't give two hoops about me."
ref: 2011, Moni Mohsin, Tender Hooks, Random House India, →ISBN:
qualifier: South Midland US
glosses: Used after who, what, where, how and similar words, either without changing their meaning, or indicating that one expects that they cover more than one element, e.g. that "Who all attended?" is more than one person. (Some dialects only allow this to follow some words and not others.)