cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
ought
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɔːt/
rhymes: -ɔːt
ipa: /ʊt/
ipa: /ɔt/
ipa: /ɑt/
homophone: aught
Forms: form: oughts
Etymology: From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.
Cognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).
Senses: examples: text: There are value judgments that are not reducible to observable matters of fact, and there are oughts that cannot be construed as hypothetical and, therefore, cannot be converted into statements of fact.
ref: 1996, Mortimer Jerome Adler, The Time of Our Lives: The Ethics of Common Sense:
text: Is there a fallacy involved in deriving an ought from a set of exclusively factual or descriptive premises?
ref: 2004, Jacques Maritain, John G. Trapani, Truth Matters: Essays in Honor of Jacques Maritain:
glosses: A statement of what ought to be the case as contrasted with what is the case.
Related terms: aught
naught
nought
ought
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɔːt/
rhymes: -ɔːt
ipa: /ʊt/
ipa: /ɔt/
ipa: /ɑt/
homophone: aught
Forms: form: oughts
Senses: examples: text: I go back at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and have got only three—three oughts an ought—three twos six—sixty pound.
ref: 1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, “Nicholas and His Uncle (to Secure the Fortune Without Loss of Time) Wait upon Mr. Wackford Squeers, the Yorkshire Schoolmaster”, in The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 24:
glosses: Alternative spelling of aught; cipher, zero, nought.
outboard
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: antonyms: inboard
glosses: Situated outside the hull of a vessel.
examples: text: The outboard bales in each tier should be placed on their edges so that their flats will be presented to the sweat battens. This precaution is necessary to lessen the damage in case of chafage.
ref: 2024, Robert J. Meurn, Marine Cargo Operations:
antonyms: inboard
glosses: Positioned away from the centre line of a ship or aircraft.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: Being or relating to an external effects unit such as compressor or equalizer.
outboard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: outboards
Senses: examples: Coordinate term: inboard
glosses: An outboard motor.
examples: Coordinate term: inboard
glosses: A vessel fitted with an outboard motor.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A studio having outboard gear (compressor, equalizer, etc.).
Derived terms: outboarder
outboarding
outboard motor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: outboard motors
Senses: glosses: A detachable and pivotable propulsion unit fitted over the transom of a boat, comprising an engine that drives a propeller.
Related terms: marine engine
outburst
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌaʊtˈbɝst/
ipa: /ˌaʊtˈbɜːst/
Forms: form: outbursts
form: outbursting
form: outburst
form: outburst
Etymology: From Middle English outbersten, outbresten. Cognate with Dutch uitbarsten (“to erupt; burst out”), German ausbersten (“to burst out; erupt”). By surface analysis, out- + burst.
Senses: glosses: To burst out.
outburst
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtˌbɝst/
ipa: /ˈaʊtˌbɜːst/
Forms: form: outbursts
Etymology: From Middle English outbersten, outbresten. Cognate with Dutch uitbarsten (“to erupt; burst out”), German ausbersten (“to burst out; erupt”). By surface analysis, out- + burst.
Senses: examples: text: The man greeted us with an outburst of invective.
text: an outburst of anger
glosses: A sudden, often violent expression of emotion or activity.
Synonyms: explosion
blast
spate
Derived terms: outburster
super outbreak
superoutburst
tornado outbreak
outclass
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /aʊtˈklæs/
ipa: /aʊtˈklɑːs/
rhymes: -æs
rhymes: -ɑːs
Forms: form: outclasses
form: outclassing
form: outclassed
form: outclassed
Etymology: From out- + class.
Senses: examples: text: In the IQ test, he outclassed all the other applicants.
text: The 7th and 8th classes are identical with the Cape engines placed in service at the turn of the century, and are now outclassed for main line work but are used for shunting at the large depots and on one or two of the branch lines.
ref: 1940 December, O. S. M. Raw, “The Rhodesia Railways—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 639:
text: The openly ridiculous plot has The Pirate Captain (Hugh Grant) scheming to win the Pirate Of The Year competition, even though he’s a terrible pirate, far outclassed by rivals voiced by Jeremy Piven and Salma Hayek.
ref: 2012 April 26, Tasha Robinson, “Film: Reviews: The Pirates! Band Of Misfits”, in The Onion AV Club:
glosses: to surpass something or somebody else, so as to appear to be in a higher class
outcry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: outʹkrī
ipa: /ˈaʊtkɹaɪ/
Forms: form: outcries
Etymology: From Middle English outcry, outcri, outcrye, equivalent to out- + cry.
The verb is from Middle English outcrien.
Senses: examples: text: His appearance was greeted with an outcry of jeering.
glosses: A loud cry or uproar.
examples: text: The proposal was met with a public outcry.
text: The Western Region has sought approval for the withdrawal of passenger services between Ashchurch Junction and Upton-on-Severn. There was a proposal to withdraw the trains as long ago as 1951, but an outcry from Tewkesbury that it would suffer as a tourist centre secured a reprieve.
ref: 1961 March, “Talking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated, page 134:
text: This is a scorched earth policy, leaving Labour - which has made the right noises, but not loudly enough - with the job of picking up the pieces. Given the incoherence of the plans, the best hope is that the public outcry - even the Daily Telegraph is against them - delays them enough for a new government to rescue most of the ticket offices from closure, but this is no way to run a railway.
ref: 2023 July 26, Christian Wolmar, “Closing ticket offices to lead to 'catch-22' for passengers”, in RAIL, number 988, page 43:
glosses: A strong protest.
examples: text: to send goods to an outcry
glosses: An auction.
Derived terms: open outcry
outcry
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: out-krīʹ
ipa: /aʊtˈkɹaɪ/
rhymes: -aɪ
Forms: form: outcries
form: outcrying
form: outcried
form: outcried
Etymology: From Middle English outcry, outcri, outcrye, equivalent to out- + cry.
The verb is from Middle English outcrien.
Senses: examples: text: I think any man who outcries against the power of the government in Germany soon ceases to cry at all, because he is crushed.
ref: 1919, Debates in the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention, 1917-1918: Volume 1:
glosses: To cry out.
examples: text: […] outcrying the clacking of train wheels, the shrill of the whistle […]
ref: 2003, Melvyn Bragg, Crossing the Lines, page 355:
text: The dogs added their voices to the din, howling for hours, each trying to outcry the others.
ref: 2007, Anthony Dalton, Alone Against the Arctic, page 104:
glosses: To cry louder than.
Derived terms: outcrier
outfitter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: outfitters
Etymology: From outfit + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Before his first walking holiday, he went to a specialist outfitter to buy some boots.
glosses: A person or shop that sells specialized clothes and equipment.
glosses: A business that provides services for outdoor activities including accommodations.
outing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtɪŋ/
rhymes: -aʊtɪŋ
Forms: form: outings
Etymology: From out + -ing. Compare Old English yting ("outing, journey").
Senses: examples: text: This was a fine day's outing for anybody who had been cooped up in the shops for a few months.
ref: 1944 September and October, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—I”, in Railway Magazine, page 285:
glosses: A pleasure trip or excursion.
examples: text: The role is the latest dramatic outing for Radcliffe since the end of the successful Potter franchise.
ref: 2012, BBC News, Daniel Radcliffe defends casting as poet Allen Ginsberg:
text: Other erstwhile stalwarts are also wavering. Southampton had two of the best full-backs in the league last season but Ryan Bertrand has been below par this season and Cédric Soares made an uncharacteristic lapse that led to Stoke’s winning goal in Southampton’s last outing.
ref: 2017 October 14, Paul Doyle, “Mauricio Pellegrino yet to find attacking solution for stuttering Southampton”, in the Guardian:
glosses: A performance in public, for example in a drama, film, on a musical album, as a sports contestant etc.
examples: text: Advocates for gay and lesbian issues suggest the increase in discharges reflects the hostility of the military towards homosexual soldiers and a growing number of "forced outings" of gay and lesbian troops.
ref: 2006, Matthew Hoddie, Ethnic Realignments:
glosses: The act of publicly revealing that a person is homosexual or transgender without that person's consent.
glosses: The act of revealing somebody as having a certain secret, such as a being a secret agent or undercover detective.
Derived terms: outing flannel
outing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtɪŋ/
rhymes: -aʊtɪŋ
Etymology: From out + -ing. Compare Old English yting ("outing, journey").
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of out
Related terms: X-outing
outlast
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌaʊtˈlɑːst/
ipa: /ˌaʊtˈlæst/
rhymes: -ɑːst
Forms: form: outlasts
form: outlasting
form: outlasted
form: outlasted
Etymology: From out- + last.
Senses: examples: text: The tool outlasted its need.
text: Some think that classical music would outlast pop.
text: At the time of writing the halts have been reprieved due to doubts as to the legality of the withdrawal of services. It is feared that this reprieve may not outlast the summer timetable which, on the section in question, provides only a skeleton of the former service.
ref: 1960 August, L. Hyland, “The Irish Scene”, in Trains Illustrated, page 468:
glosses: To live, last or remain longer than.
outlay
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtleɪ/
ipa: /aʊtˈleɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: outlays
Etymology: From out- + lay.
Senses: glosses: A laying out or expending; that which is laid out or expended.
examples: text: Without too much outlay, you could buy a second-hand car.
text: Regard must be had to the extent to which the original capital outlay has not been covered by the sum of the annual provisions for renewal, that is to say, in insurance terms, to the unexpired life of the original work, although this financial factor has to be modified in the light of the actual physical condition of the work to be replaced.
ref: 1945 March and April, T. F. Cameron, “New Works Procedure”, in Railway Magazine, page 72:
text: Getting the right manager has just been made more difficult by not having Champions League to offer. There will also be a huge churn of players after the lavish, unrewarding outlay this season.
ref: 2023 April 18, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea Champions League exit: Where do 'disjointed, broken' Blues go from here?”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: The spending of money, or an expenditure.
examples: text: I know her and her haunts, Her lays, leaps, and outlays, and will discover all.
ref: c. 1609, Francis Beaumont, Philaster, or Love Lies a-Bleeding:
glosses: A remote haunt or habitation.
outlay
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtleɪ/
ipa: /aʊtˈleɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: outlays
form: outlaying
form: outlaid
form: outlaid
Etymology: From out- + lay.
Senses: examples: text: Their boggy breasts out-lay, and Skipton down doth crawl
ref: 1612, Michael Drayton, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [John Selden], editor, Poly-Olbion. Or A Chorographicall Description of Tracts, Riuers, Mountaines, Forests, and Other Parts of this Renowned Isle of Great Britaine, […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes] for M[athew] Lownes; I[ohn] Browne; I[ohn] Helme; I[ohn] Busbie, →OCLC:
glosses: To lay or spread out; expose; display.
glosses: To spend, or distribute money.
outlook
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtˌlʊk/
Forms: form: outlooks
Etymology: From out- + look.
Senses: examples: text: Perched on the edge of the cliff was a hidden outlook.
text: This fetched tears from the innocent eyes, those Caſements and out-looks of the tender heart of our Lord Jeſus, vvho beholding the City Jeruſalem vvept over it, […]
ref: 1666 October 30 (date written; Gregorian calendar), Edward Waterhous[e], “To His Noble Friend and Kinsman, Sr. Edwarde Turno[u]r, Knight; Speaker of the Honorable House of Commons in this Present Parliament”, in A Short Narrative of the Late Dreadful Fire in London: […], London: […] W. G. for Rich[ard] Thrale […], and James Thrale […], published 1667, →OCLC, page 97:
synonyms: vantage point
overlook
prospect
glosses: A place from which something can be viewed.
examples: text: Fully air-conditioned and fluorescently lit, it is strikingly decorated and there is a magnificent outlook through the wide windows.
ref: 1960 December, “Modern lightweight coaches of the Swiss Federal Railways”, in Trains Illustrated, page 745, photo caption:
glosses: The view from such a place.
examples: text: He has a positive outlook on life.
synonyms: attitude
opinion
perspective
point of view
vantage point
viewpoint
standpoint
glosses: An attitude or point of view.
examples: text: The outlook for temperature rises is worrying.
synonyms: expectation
prognosis
prospect
glosses: Expectation for the future.
Derived terms: on the outlook
outlook
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaʊtˌlʊk/
ipa: /ˈaʊtˌlʊk/
Etymology: From out + look. Perhaps influenced by Chinese 外表 (literally “outside + surface”) and English look (“appearance”). Same etymology as Cantonese outlook.
Senses: examples: text: How ignorant you are! Admiring the outlook of a same sex person has nothing to do with gay! Some of my male friends admire Andy Lau's and Leslie Cheung's looks quite a lot, but unfortunately, they are NOT gay, not BI, they are totally STRAIGHT!
ref: 1996 March 14, Bugs, soc.culture.hongkong.entertainment (Usenet):
text: Well, first impression strikes. The other half must be somewhat attractive on the outlook to capture you attention ...... how else would you noptice^([sic]) his/her existance?^([sic]) Agree?
ref: 1996 July 8, JT, soc.culture.hongkong.entertainment (Usenet):
text: Find some wooden block under the box to separate it with the ground, do the same to the wire if possible. But the wood is another concern then. May be get a concrete brick la if you can accept its outlook.
ref: 1998 July 10, Felix M.C. Li, hk.rec.audio-visual (Usenet):
text: If you accept the sound of Emsemble^([sic]) Reference. I am sure you will like Primaddona^([sic]) Gold. The Primaddona^([sic]) Gold is much better than the Reference in every aspect. The only draw back is probably the out-look, some people, including my mother, said it look like a coffin.
ref: 1998 December 19, and...@my-dejanews.com, hk.rec.audio-visual (Usenet):
text: Walla-walla was at first nick-named by the European passengers as the engine of the vessel was very noisy. The outlook of the walla-walla (Class 1 motorboat) did not change much in the past decades. The wooden hull, the below-loadline cabin (ie without deck) and the engine in the front part of the cabin were characteristics of these boats.
ref: 2000 November 28, Choi Kim Lui, “The Development of Motorboat Services in Hong Kong”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: look; appearance
outlying
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more outlying
form: most outlying
Etymology: From outlie (Etymology 2) + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: The more outlying villages were never visited by their member of parliament.
text: During the first year or so of British Railways, some of the simpler and more obvious inter-regional transfers of outlying sections were effected, such as those of the London, Tilbury & Southend Railway from the London Midland Region to the Eastern Region; the South Wales lines of the former L.M.S.R. to the Western Region; the Carlisle-Silloth branch (an L.N.E.R. legacy of a North British "border raid") to the London Midland, and so on.
ref: 1951 April, D. S. Barrie, “British Railways: A Survey, 1948-1950”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 224:
text: Lorries collect the milk from the various outlying farms, whence it is taken to the district distribution centre to undergo pasteurisation.
ref: 1959 March, R. C. Riley, “Home with the Milk”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 155, 157:
text: The causeways were laid as hard paths for heavily laden pack-animals bringing in wool from outlying hamlets and farms.
ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications, page 58:
glosses: Relatively remote from some central location.
examples: text: When the map was redrawn after the war, our cousin found herself living in outlying territory.
glosses: Located outside of some boundary or limit.
Synonyms: sense: relatively remote
word: distant
word: far
word: distant
Derived terms: nonoutlying
outlying field
outlyingness
United States minor outlying islands
Related terms: outlier
outlying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: outlyings
Etymology: From outlie (Etymology 2) + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: The other areas and the outlyings will have to come in at a later date, although the council wrestles with that periodically. But the amount of money involved would be substantial.
ref: 1975, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Pollution, Water Pollution Control Act of 1972: Effect on Small Communities:
glosses: A region relatively remote from a central location.
outmatch
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌaʊtˈmætʃ/
ipa: /ˌæɔtˈmætʃ/
ipa: /ˌaʊtˈmæt͡ʃ/
rhymes: -ætʃ
Forms: form: outmatches
form: outmatching
form: outmatched
form: outmatched
Etymology: From out- + match.
Senses: glosses: to surpass or be better than something or someone else
outmoded
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more outmoded
form: most outmoded
Senses: examples: text: His pipe was as outmoded as his ideas.
synonyms: word: unfashionable
word: démodé
word: old hat
word: unchic
word: basic
word: cheugy
word: cringe
word: cringey
word: cringeworthy
word: dated
word: démodé
word: fossilized
word: inelegant
word: last year
word: normie
word: old
word: old-fashioned
word: old-hat
word: oldfangled
word: ossified
word: out
word: out of date
word: out of fashion
word: out of touch
word: outdated
word: outmoded
word: passé
word: rinky-dink
word: tacky
word: unchic
word: uncool
word: unfashionable
word: unhip
word: unpopular
word: unstylish
word: untrendy
glosses: Unfashionable.
examples: text: His outmoded word processor was a heap of junk.
text: His outmoded record player is now useless.
synonyms: word: obsolete
word: antiquated
word: disused
word: outdated
word: anachronistic
word: antediluvial
word: antediluvian
word: antiquated
word: antique
word: archaic
word: backward
word: backwards
word: behind the times
word: cobwebbed
word: cobwebby
word: dated
word: defunct
word: discontinued
word: disused
word: dootsie
word: elderly
word: extinct
word: expired
word: fossilized
word: Havishamesque
word: idle
word: Miss Havishamesque
word: obsolete
word: old
word: oldfangled
word: old-fashioned
word: old school
word: outdated
word: outmoded
word: out of date
word: out of fashion
word: outworn
word: parachronistic
word: passé
word: superannuated
word: superseded
word: unemployed
word: unoccupied
word: venerable
word: workless
glosses: Obsolete.
Derived terms: outmodedly
outmodedness
outmoded
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of outmode
outnumber
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /aʊtˈnʌmbə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: outnumbers
form: outnumbering
form: outnumbered
form: outnumbered
Etymology: From out- + number.
Senses: examples: text: Women outnumbered men by two to one.
text: There are 105 D.B. Type "23" engines and they were intended to replace the famous Prussian "P8" class 4-6-0s (Type "38"), but dieselisation prevented further construction and they are greatly outnumbered by the thousand or so "P8s" which are still in service and which can be seen on a great variety of duties.
ref: 1960 September 24, P. Ransome-Wallis, “Modern motive power of the German Federal Railways: Part One”, in Trains Illustrated, page 553:
text: Vastly outnumbering the Jews, Palestinian Arabs during the period after the 1917 Balfour Declaration and the British Mandate always refused anything that would compromise their dominance.
ref: 1999 January 10, Edward Said, “The One-State Solution”, in The New York Times Magazine:
text: When reports surfaced early this summer that our contractors in Iraq (180,000, of whom some 48,000 are believed to be security personnel) now outnumber our postsurge troop strength, we yawned.
ref: 2007 October 14, Frank Rich, “The ‘Good Germans’ Among Us”, in The New York Times:
text: The striking aspect of clinicide is the scale of suspicious deaths with which it is associated, which outnumbers proven murders by an order of magnitude (in [Harold] Shipman's case, a factor of (240-15)#47;15#61;15), a figure that only hints at the enormous interpersonal disruption and family grief which follows in its wake.
ref: 2013, Brian Hurwitz, “Healthcare Serial Killings: Was the Case of Dr Harold Shipman Unthinkable?”, in Danielle Griffiths, Andrew Sanders, editors, Bioethics, Medicine and the Criminal Law (Cambridge Bioethics and Law), volumes 2 (Medicine, Crime and Society), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 19:
glosses: To be more in number than somebody or something.
out-of-bounds
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: out-of-bounds
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of out of bounds.
out of breath
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: We were all out of breath when we got to the summit.
text: Cam. [i.e., Canidus.] Our Fortune on the Sea is out of breath,
And ſinkes moſt lamentably. Had our Generall
Bin what he knew himſelfe, it had gone well:
Oh his [i.e., he] ha's giuen example for our flight,
Moſt groſſely by his owne.
Eno[barbus]. I, are you thereabouts? Why then goodnight indeede.
ref: c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene x], page 355, column 2:
text: But before al of them were assembled to begin their sports, there came a fellow, who being out of breath (or seeming so to be for haste) with humble hastines told Basilius, that his Mistres, the Lady Cecropia, had sent him to excuse the mischance of her beastes ranging in that dãgerous sort, being happened by the folly of the keeper; […]
ref: c. 1580 (date written), Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:
english: The New Arcadia
translation: The New Arcadia
text: Which Soldiers with their continual Shot, killed divers of the Vauntguard led by the Hamiltons, who courageously and fiercely ascending up the Hill, were already out of Breath when the Regent's Vauntguard joined with them.
ref: 1735, James Melville, The Memoirs of Sir James Melvil of Halhill ..., page 182:
text: When at last we stopped in a tumble of bodies on the grass, laughing, and in Dad's case, out of breath, we were like little kids (I mean 5 or 6! After all I am 12!) at the end of a playground session.
ref: 2008, David Joutras, A Ghost in the World, page 55:
text: He was always scared that he wouldn't return. Aaroo, Aaroo” howled Dunchest until he was out of breath and then he began to whimper realizing Cutlass was not coming back until the mission was over.
ref: 2018, Ravi Struck, Josh Weisman, Pirates of the Seven Seas: Book One: Gromund's Tales, BookBaby, →ISBN:
glosses: Breathing with difficulty, in particular due to physical activity.
Synonyms: out of wind
out of date
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Forms: form: out-of-date
Senses: examples: text: My bus pass is out of date — I'll have to go buy a new one.
text: I can't eat this salad, it's out of date.
text: Owing to the time lag which must occur between the dates of closing for press and publication, it sometimes happens that items of news are out of date, or inaccurate, by the time they reach readers.
ref: 1947 January and February, “Notes and News: Steamer Services on the Clyde”, in Railway Magazine, page 50:
glosses: Too old to be used; not current; invalid; having expired.
examples: text: The dresses she wears are quite out of date.
glosses: Not conforming to the current fashion or style; old-fashioned; outmoded.
Synonyms: sense: too old to be used
word: antiquated
word: archaic
word: old-fashioned
word: outdated
word: parachronistic
word: obsolete
sense: not conforming to the current fashion
word: démodé
word: unhip
word: unfashionable
out-of-date
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more out-of-date
form: most out-of-date
Senses: examples: text: The Rabbit could not claim to be a model of anything, for he didn’t know that real rabbits existed; he thought they were all stuffed with sawdust like himself, and he understood that sawdust was quite out-of-date and should never be mentioned in modern circles.
ref: 1921 June, Margery Williams, “The Velveteen Rabbit: Or How Toys Become Real”, in Harper’s Bazar, volume LVI, number 6 (2504 overall), New York, N.Y.: International Magazine Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:
text: This new yard will replace a group of out-of-date yards, and there will be an estimated net saving of £150,000 a year.
ref: 1954 August, “Marshalling Yard Reorganisation, Eastern Region”, in Railway Magazine, page 570:
glosses: Alternative form of out of date.
out of fashion
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: The old very high signals, for instance, affording a sky background at a considerable distance, and at times provided with co-acting arms lower down, are out of fashion now, although many still remain.
ref: 1952 February, “New Type of Signal Bridge Near Sunderland”, in Railway Magazine, page 88:
text: The huge square box, parquet-floored and high-ceilinged, had been arranged to display a suite of bedroom furniture designed and made in the halcyon days of the last quarter of the nineteenth century, when modish taste was just due to go clean out of fashion for the best part of the next hundred years.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 1, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
glosses: Unfashionable, not in fashion.
Synonyms: démodé
passé
unchic
unfashionable
out of it
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: When my old friends turned up, my wife felt quite out of it.
glosses: Not participating in some trend or group.
examples: text: Having the flu all week left me pretty well out of it.
glosses: Disoriented; not thinking clearly.
glosses: So intoxicated (from alcohol or drugs) that one is unaware of what is going on, stupefied
glosses: Asleep or unconscious
Synonyms: sense: not participating
word: aloof
sense: not participating
word: excluded
sense: not participating
word: left out
sense: not participating
word: standoffish
sense: not participating
word: uninvolved
sense: disoriented
word: bewildered
sense: disoriented
word: confused
sense: disoriented
word: dazed
sense: disoriented
word: perplexed
sense: disoriented
word: puzzled
sense: intoxicated
word: drunk
Related terms: not with it
out on one's feet
unconscious
Austin
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɔːstɪn/
ipa: /ˈɒstɪn/
ipa: /ˈɔstɪn/
note: of Canada
ipa: /ˈɑstɪn/
note: of the US
ipa: /ˈɒstɪn/
ipa: /ˈoːstɪn/
ipa: /ˈoːstən/
homophone: Austen
rhymes: -ɒstɪn
Forms: form: more Austin
form: most Austin
Etymology: From Middle English Austin, from Anglo-Norman Aostin, Austin, similar to Old French Aostin, Austin, a popular variant of Old French Agustin, from Latin Augustīnus, from Augustus (literally “majestic”). Doublet of Augustine.
Senses: examples: text: Austin friars
glosses: Augustinian.
papabile
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /pəˈpɑːbɪleɪ/
Forms: form: more papabile
form: most papabile
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian papabile.
Senses: examples: text: Vatican watchers have already anointed the Honduran prelate papabile or “popeable.”
ref: 2001 February 20, May Ying Welsh, “Latin Cardinals hint at Church's future”, in CNN:
text: All of this is creating a pre-conclave atmosphere. Vatican observers watch to see how each cardinal deputizing for the pope acts, and whether they are papabile (literally “pope-able,” or a potential candidate to be pope).
ref: 2025 March 8, Christopher Lamb, “High anxiety and whispers of a conclave: How the Vatican is dealing with Pope Francis’ hospitalization”, in CNN:
text: In 2020, Edward Pentin, the senior Vatican correspondent for the National Catholic Register, released a book on the topic, titled "The Next Pope: The Leading Cardinal Candidates." In the book, Pentin listed 19 cardinals he considered to be papabile, or "popeable" frontrunners.
ref: 2025 April 21, Sam Clancy, Andrew Weil, “Former St. Louis archbishop Burke among 'popeable' candidates after Francis' death”, in KSDK:
glosses: Thought to be among those likely to be elected pope.
papabile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /pəˈpɑːbɪleɪ/
Forms: form: papabiles
form: papabili
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian papabile.
Senses: glosses: A cardinal among those likely to be elected pope.
ligament
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɪɡəmənt/
Forms: form: ligaments
Etymology: From Middle English ligament, from Latin ligāmentum, from ligō (“tie, bind”).
Senses: examples: text: It so chanced that at this juncture the decayed ligaments of the skeleton gave way, and the dry bones fell together in a heap, thus causing the dusty wreath of cypress to drop upon the table.
ref: 1846, Nathaniel Hawthorne, “The Christmas Banquet”, in Mosses from an Old Manse:
text: Her anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) are torn and Vonn has a lateral fracture of the tibial plateau, the upper end of the tibia or shin bone.
ref: 2013 February 6, Jen Christiensen, “Vonn’s injury ‘career-delayer,’ not ‘career ender’”, in CNN:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A band of strong tissue that connects bones to other bones.
examples: text: It remains to mention one consideration which naturally occurred in the reflections upon the expediency of assuming the State Debts. This is its tendency to strengthen our infant Government by increasing the number of ligaments between the Government and the interests of Individuals.
ref: 1795 July 24, Alexander Hamilton, “The Defence of the Funding System”, in Harold C. Syrett, editor, The Papers of Alexander Hamilton, volume 19, New York: Columbia University Press, published 1973, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 40:
text: 1845, Daniel Webster, oration on Justice Joseph Story
Justice is the ligament which holds civilized beings and civilized nations together.
glosses: That which binds or acts as a ligament.
Derived terms: acrocoracohumeral ligament
anterolateral ligament
broad ligament
capsular ligament
Cooper's ligament
cruciate ligament
falciform ligament
Hensing's ligament
inguinal ligament
lienophrenic ligament
ligamental
ligamentary
ligamentomuscular
ligamentoplasty
ligamentotaxis
ligamentous
Lisfranc ligament
medial collateral ligament
multiligament
oblique ligament
ovarian ligament
patellar ligament
periodontal ligament
phrenicolienal ligament
phrenicosplenic ligament
Poupart's ligament
round ligament
spring ligament
stylohyoid ligament
suspensory ligament
uterosacral ligament
Related terms: sinew
tendon
life-buoy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: life-buoys
Senses: examples: text: The honorable member would however, appear to have been imbued with the spirit of Prophecy, for the contempt he so much dreaded, has fallen on the party to which he belonged, sinking the Tories to a depth that renders it beyond the power of the most gigantic talent to replace them in their former position, or restore the corruption and boroughmongering, so long the life-buoy of a dissolute ministry.
ref: 1835 August, “The Press”, in The Meerut Universal Magazine, volume 1, number 2, page 109:
text: Here now's the very dreaded symbol of grim death, by a mere hap, made the expressive sign of the help and hope of most endangered life. A life-buoy of a coffin!
ref: 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:
text: The life-buoy is of value just in proportion to the speed with which it can be thrown over.
ref: 1874 March, “Life-Saving Gear”, in The Nautical Magazine, volume 43, page 188:
text: And so it was that when Lovibond received the letter from Jenny Crow, he rose to the cue it offered like a drowning man to a life-buoy.
ref: 2009, Hall Caine, Capt'N Davy's Honeymoon, page 118:
text: He immediately streamed or floated a life-buoy astern, with a line which was in readiness, and by means of this useful implement, the boat was towed alongside of the floating light, where, from the rolling motion, it required no small management to get safely on board, as the men were much worn out with their exertions in pulling from the rock.
ref: 2014, David Stevenson, Life of Robert Stevenson, page 39:
glosses: Alternative form of life buoy.
lifebuoy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lifebuoys
Senses: examples: text: The gray rock mocked me, bobbing on the water easy as a lifebuoy.
ref: 1963, Sylvia Plath, The Bell Jar:
text: There was a lifebuoy in the boat with a rope tied to it.
ref: 2001, Yann Martel, Life Of Pi:
text: 'News?' Andy said, reaching for the lifebuoy of the coffee pot.
ref: 2019, Kate Atkinson, Big Sky, →ISBN, page 156:
glosses: Alternative spelling of life buoy.
cardigan
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɑːdɪɡən/
Forms: form: cardigans
Etymology: Named after British military commander James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan (1797–1868). For the surname, see Cardigan.
Senses: examples: text: […] a coarsely knit white cardigan and a black turban whose broadened tails could be arranged around her neck scarfwise.
ref: 1992, Norman Rush, Mating:
text: “I love that loungewear has become a prevailing new category,” said Barbara Lippert, 65, a writer. “During the worst part of the pandemic even jeans seemed like an overreach, requiring that complex button and zipper action. And cardigans were too much work.”
ref: 2022 April 12, Rhonda Garelick, “Am I Done Suffering for Fashion?”, in The New York Times:
glosses: A type of sweater or jumper that fastens up the front with buttons or a zipper, usually machine- or hand-knitted from wool.
Derived terms: cardie
cardiganed
cardiganless
cardiganlike
coatigan
Related terms: Cardiganshire
pullover
hieroglyph
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaɪ.ɹəˌɡlɪf/
ipa: /ˈhaɪ.ɹəʊˌɡlɪf/
ipa: /ˈhaɪɚ.əˌɡlɪf/
ipa: /ˈhaɪɚ.oʊˌɡlɪf/
Forms: form: hieroglyphs
Etymology: First attested around 1598, a back-formation from hieroglyphic (1580s), from Middle French hiéroglyphique, from Late Latin hieroglyphicus, from Ancient Greek ἱερογλυφικός (hierogluphikós) (Plutarch τά ἱερογλυφικά [γράμματα] "hieroglyphic [writing]), ἱερόγλυφος (hierógluphos, “carver of hieroglyphs”) (Ptolemy), a compound of ἱερός (hierós, “sacred, holy”) and γλυφή (gluphḗ, “carved work”), a calque of Egyptian mdw-nṯr (“the god’s word”), nTr-md. By surface analysis, hiero- + glyph.
Senses: examples: text: Hieroglyphs were discovered on the wall inside the temple.
text: Mayan Hieroglyphs as Linguistic Evidence. In Third Palenque Round Table, 1978, vol. V, part 2, edited by Merle Greene Robertson, pp. 204-216.
ref: 1986, Victoria Reifler Bricker, A Grammar of Mayan Hieroglyphs:
text: Some idea of the nature of Mayan hieroglyphs has already been gained from the sets of day-signs and month-signs. In the opinion of the writer, Mayan hieroglyphs are among the best examples of calligraphy; each glyph block is a composition exhibiting remarkable qualities of design.
ref: 1924, Herbert Joseph Spinden, The Reduction of Mayan Dates, page 15:
glosses: An element (individual sign or glyph) of a hieroglyphic writing system.
glosses: An element (individual sign or glyph) of a hieroglyphic writing system.
In particular, an Egyptian hieroglyph.
examples: text: With your handwriting, it's no surprise the Prof can't read your hieroglyphs!
text: "There are SCPs with antimemetic properties," Marion goes on. "There are ideas which cannot be spread. There are entities and phenomena which harvest and consume information, particularly information about themselves. You take a Polaroid photo of one, it'll never develop. You write a description down with a pen on paper and hand it to someone— but what you've written turns out to be hieroglyphs, and nobody can understand them, not even you. You can look directly at one and it won't even be invisible, but you'll still perceive nothing there."
ref: 2015 January 30, qntm, “We Need To Talk About Fifty-Five”, in There Is No Antimemetics Division, →ISBN, pages 9-10:
glosses: Any obscure or baffling symbol.
Derived terms: hieroglyphic
hieroglyphical
hieroglyphist
hieroglyph
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaɪ.ɹəˌɡlɪf/
ipa: /ˈhaɪ.ɹəʊˌɡlɪf/
ipa: /ˈhaɪɚ.əˌɡlɪf/
ipa: /ˈhaɪɚ.oʊˌɡlɪf/
Forms: form: hieroglyphs
form: hieroglyphing
form: hieroglyphed
form: hieroglyphed
Etymology: First attested around 1598, a back-formation from hieroglyphic (1580s), from Middle French hiéroglyphique, from Late Latin hieroglyphicus, from Ancient Greek ἱερογλυφικός (hierogluphikós) (Plutarch τά ἱερογλυφικά [γράμματα] "hieroglyphic [writing]), ἱερόγλυφος (hierógluphos, “carver of hieroglyphs”) (Ptolemy), a compound of ἱερός (hierós, “sacred, holy”) and γλυφή (gluphḗ, “carved work”), a calque of Egyptian mdw-nṯr (“the god’s word”), nTr-md. By surface analysis, hiero- + glyph.
Senses: glosses: To represent by hieroglyphs.
clann
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: clanns
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of clan.
fragrance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: frāʹ-grən(t)s
ipa: /ˈfɹeɪɡɹən(t)s/
enpr: frăʹ-grəns
ipa: /ˈfɹæ.ɡɹəns/
Forms: form: fragrances
Etymology: Borrowed from French fragrance, from Middle French fragrance, from Old French fraglance, from Late Latin frāgrantia. See fragrant.
Senses: examples: text: You could just use ordinary shop-bought kecap manis to marinade the meat, but making your own is easy, has a far more elegant fragrance and is, above all, such a great brag! Flavouring kecap manis is an intensely personal thing, so try this version now and next time cook the sauce down with crushed, split lemongrass and a shredded lime leaf.
ref: 2015 October 27, Matt Preston, The Simple Secrets to Cooking Everything Better, Plum, →ISBN, page 192:
synonyms: aroma
glosses: A pleasant smell or odour.
examples: text: Today, sales of women's fragrances are double those of men's, and 80 percent of all men's after-shaves and colognes are in fact bought by women, as gifts.
ref: 1987 October, Timothy Kalich, “Marketing: What's in a Smell?”, in The Atlantic, →ISSN:
glosses: A perfume.
Derived terms: fragranceless
fragrancy
microfragrance
fragrance
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: frāʹ-grən(t)s
ipa: /ˈfɹeɪɡɹən(t)s/
enpr: frăʹ-grəns
ipa: /ˈfɹæ.ɡɹəns/
Forms: form: fragrances
form: fragrancing
form: fragranced
form: fragranced
Etymology: Borrowed from French fragrance, from Middle French fragrance, from Old French fraglance, from Late Latin frāgrantia. See fragrant.
Senses: glosses: To apply a fragrance to; to perfume.
belittle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɪˈlɪt.əl/
rhymes: -ɪtəl
Forms: form: belittles
form: belittling
form: belittled
form: belittled
Etymology: From be- + little. Coined by Thomas Jefferson in 1782
Senses: examples: text: Don't belittle your colleagues.
text: An essential part of any German campaign is obviously the efficiency of its lines of communication and therefore it is dangerous to belittle our enemy's strength in this direction.
ref: 1941 March, “Notes and News: Underestimating the Enemy's Strength”, in Railway Magazine, page 129:
text: Under the rules as understood by the New York Times, the West is free to mock and belittle its Judeo-Christian inheritance, and, likewise, the Muslim world is free to mock and belittle the West's Judeo-Christian inheritance.
ref: 2006, Mark Steyn, chapter 9, in America Alone: The End of the World as We Know It, →ISBN, page 201:
synonyms: understate
make light of
denigrate
degrade
deprecate
disparage
downplay
play down
trivialize
bagatellize
abase
antonyms: exaggerate
glosses: To knowingly say that something is smaller or less important than it actually is, especially as a way of showing contempt or deprecation.
examples: text: Now, the big blue space of river and sky belittled him, ulled him back into bewildered childhood.
ref: 2022, Ian McEwan, Lessons, page 357:
glosses: To make small.
Derived terms: belittled
belittlement
belittler
belittling
unbelittled
Related terms: vilipend
cut down
purposely
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɝpəsli/
ipa: /ˈpɜːpəsli/
Forms: form: more purposely
form: most purposely
Etymology: From Middle English purposly; equivalent to purpose + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: [T]hey would ſay [...] that I had quarrell'd / My brother purpoſely, thereby to finde / An apt pretext, to baniſh them my houſe.
ref: 1598, Beniamin Ionson [i.e., Ben Jonson], “Euery Man in His Humour. A Comœdie. […]”, in The Workes of Beniamin Ionson (First Folio), London: […] Will[iam] Stansby, published 1616, →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 21:
synonyms: deliberately
intentionally
on purpose
purposefully[proscribed]]>
wilfully
willfully
glosses: On purpose; intentionally.
stow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /stoʊ/
ipa: /stəʊ/
rhymes: -əʊ
homophone: store stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: stows
Etymology: From Middle English stowe, from Old English stōw (“place, location”), from Proto-West Germanic *stōu, from Proto-Germanic *stōō (“a place, stowage”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand, place, put”). Cognate with Old Frisian stō (“place”), Icelandic stó (“fireplace”), Dutch stouw (“place”), German Stau (“congestion”). See also -stow.
Senses: glosses: A place, stead.
Derived terms: moot-stow
stow
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /stoʊ/
ipa: /stəʊ/
rhymes: -əʊ
homophone: store stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: stows
form: stowing
form: stowed
form: stowed
Etymology: From Middle English stowen, stawen, stewen, from Old English stōwian (“to hold back, restrain”), from Proto-Germanic *stōōną, *stōjaną (“to stow, dam up”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand, place”). Cognate with Dutch stuwen, stouwen (“to stow”), Low German stauen (“to blin, halt, hinder”), German stauen (“to halt, hem in, stow, pack”).
Senses: glosses: To put something away in a compact and tidy manner, in its proper place, or in a suitable place.
examples: text: Yet everybody knows that a cargo properly stowed in a seaworthy craft reaches market in much the better condition than by rail, though perhaps it is some hours longer on the way.
ref: 1922, James A. Cooper, Sheila of Big Wreck Cove:
glosses: To store or pack something in a space-saving manner and over a long time.
glosses: To arrange, pack, or fill something tightly or closely.
examples: text: Ar.[…]The Marriners all vnder hatches ſtowed, / Who, with a Charme ioynd to their ſuffred labour / I haue left aſleep :[…]
ref: 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii], page 3:
glosses: To dispose of, lodge, or hide somebody somewhere.
examples: text: But when I strove my flame to tell, / Says she, 'Come, stow that patter, / If you're a cove wot likes a gal, / Vy don't you stand some gatter?' / In course I instantly complied— / Two brimming quarts of porter, / With sev'ral goes of gin beside, / Drain'd Bet the Coaley's daughter.
ref: Bet the Coaley's Daughter (traditional song)
text: “Come, come,” said Silver; “stow this talk. He’s dead, and he don’t walk, that I know; leastways, he won’t walk by day, and you may lay to that. Care killed a cat. Fetch ahead for the doubloons.”
ref: 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island:
glosses: To cease; to stop doing something.
Derived terms: bestow
misstowed
stowable
stowage
stow away
stower
stowing
unstow
stow
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /stoʊ/
ipa: /stəʊ/
rhymes: -əʊ
homophone: store stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Etymology: From Middle English stowen, stawen, stewen, from Old English stōwian (“to hold back, restrain”), from Proto-Germanic *stōōną, *stōjaną (“to stow, dam up”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand, place”). Cognate with Dutch stuwen, stouwen (“to stow”), Low German stauen (“to blin, halt, hinder”), German stauen (“to halt, hem in, stow, pack”).
Senses: examples: text: His seconde hawke wexyd gery […]
on the rode loft
She perkyd her to rest.
The fauconer then was prest,
Came runnynge with a dow,
And cryed, ‘Stow, stow, stow!’
But she wold not bow.
ref: c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 63, lines 66, 69–74:
glosses: A cry used by falconers to call their birds back down to hand.
out of joint
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: I fell over and put my shoulder out of joint.
text: Fla[via]. Come, Sir Pergamus, till your horse come, you and I'll go play at shuttle-cock. / Per[gamus]. A match i'faith. I love that sport a' life. Yet my mother charged me not to use it for fear of putting my arm out of joint.
ref: c. 1604–1626, doubtfully attributed to Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, “The Faithful Friends”, in Henry [William] Weber, editor, The Works of Beaumont and Fletcher, in Fourteen Volumes: […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] F[rancis] C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington; […], published 1812, →OCLC, Act II, scene ii, page 50:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Dislocated.
examples: text: The time is out of ioynt, O curſed ſpite, / That euer I was borne to ſet it right, […]
ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shake-speare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and Iohn Trundell, published 1603, →OCLC, [Act I, scene v]:
text: If the time is out of joint, have I any calling or strength to set it right?
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 62, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
text: Her stepmother had whimsical moods; and if Cynthia displeased her, she would oppress Molly with small kindnesses and pseudo-affection. Or else everything was wrong, the world was out of joint, and Molly had failed in her mission to set it right, and was to be blamed accordingly.
ref: 1864 August – 1866 January, [Elizabeth] Gaskell, “A Passive Coquette”, in Wives and Daughters. An Every-day Story. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1866, →OCLC, page 14:
glosses: Chaotic, disordered, out of control.
examples: text: While the Kremlin at Moscow exhales a paradoxical sympathy with this renewal of old tradition, Leningrad seems out of joint with Bolshevism and wears a sad air, as though mourning for an interlude which is past.
ref: 1933, Robert Byron, First Russia, Then Tibet, London: Macmillan, Part I, Chapter 5, p. 71:
glosses: Not in harmony, in step or in line (with something).
Derived terms: nose out of joint