cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
ling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: lĭng
ipa: /lɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪŋ
Forms: form: lings
form: ling
Etymology: From Middle English lyng, from Old Norse lyng.
Senses: glosses: Any of various varieties of heather or broom.
examples: text: I was sitting by a path on a tussock between some bushes, whence I could overlook the path and a little valley to which it led down, and where nothing but ling and heather grew.
ref: 1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 28:
text: Partridges, enjoying their last weeks of security, rose whirring and clattering from among the ling.
ref: 1931, Dorothy L. Sayers, The Five Red Herrings:
glosses: Any of various varieties of heather or broom.
Common heather (Calluna vulgaris)
Derived terms: lingy
ling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: lĭng
ipa: /lɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪŋ
Senses: glosses: Clipping of linguistics.
Luther
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈluːθə/
ipa: /ˈluθɚ/
rhymes: -uːθə(ɹ)
Etymology: From German Luther.
Senses: glosses: Martin Luther, German monk and theologian whose teaching inspired the Reformation.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname, originally in honor of Martin Luther.
glosses: A surname from German of English speakers who descend from German immigrants.
glosses: A city and town in Iowa.
glosses: A village in Michigan.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Montana.
glosses: A town in Oklahoma.
Derived terms: Luther burger
Luther rose
Luther seal
Luther
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈluːθə/
ipa: /ˈluθɚ/
rhymes: -uːθə(ɹ)
Etymology: From Middle English luthier (“lute player”).
Senses: glosses: A surname originating as an occupation.
outworn
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: My sister gave away her shoes from when she was little, having outworn them.
glosses: past participle of outwear
outworn
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more outworn
form: most outworn
Senses: glosses: no longer usable
examples: text: Unlasting passion, soon outworn conceit,
Whereon I built, and on so dureless trust!
ref: a. 1618, Sir Walter Raleigh, The 21st and Last Book of the Ocean, to Cynthia:
text: Gleaming shell of an outworn lie; fable of Right divine—
You gained your crowns by heritage, but Blood was the price of mine.
ref: 1933 January, Robert E[rvin] Howard, “The Scarlet Citadel”, in Weird Tales, volume 21, number 1, epigraph ("The Road of Kings"):
text: Side by side with the dieselisation of C.I.E., the replacement of outworn carriages by modern steel stock was initiated.
ref: 1960 August, L. Hyland, “The Irish Scene”, in Trains Illustrated, page 467:
glosses: worn out
examples: text: Unitarian Universalists urge reflection upon outworn religious assumptions and propose a serious religious alternative that affirms reason, science, human intuition and lived experience as profoundly as it affirms ancient religious traditions.
ref: 1986 December 21, F. Jay Deacon, “Emotionally-Laden Prejudice”, in Gay Community News, volume 14, number 23, page 4:
glosses: out of date
Synonyms: sense: out of date
word: antiquated
word: disused
word: outdated
word: obsolete
Derived terms: unoutworn
mortals
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of mortal
securities
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /səˈkjɝ.ɪˌtiz/
Senses: glosses: plural of security
sociofugal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more sociofugal
form: most sociofugal
Etymology: From socio- + -fugal.
Senses: glosses: Arranged so that each can maintain some privacy from the others.
raw_tags: of a grouping of people
buisson
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: buissons
Etymology: From French buisson.
Senses: glosses: A fruit tree trained on a low stem, the branches closely pruned.
caves
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /keɪvz/
rhymes: -eɪvz
Senses: glosses: plural of cave
caves
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /keɪvz/
rhymes: -eɪvz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of cave
slaughtered
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of slaughter
slaughtered
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Extremely drunk.
Synonyms: drunk
updated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌpˈdeɪtɪd/
rhymes: -eɪtɪd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of update
unfairly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more unfairly
form: most unfairly
Etymology: From unfair + -ly or un- + fairly.
Senses: examples: text: The carnival games were unfairly difficult, and hardly anybody won a prize.
text: As a result, many Black people remained unfairly enslaved and indentured in the so-called free territory. This was not legal slavery (also known as de jure slavery), but slavery in practice (de facto slavery).
ref: 2022, Mary Elise Antoine, Enslaved, Indentured, Free: Five Black Women on the Upper Mississippi, 1800–1850, Wisconsin Historical Society, →ISBN:
glosses: In a manner that is unfair.
Synonyms: unjustly
repairing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of repair
repairing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: repairings
Senses: examples: text: […] he would not consent to raise any part of the money advanced on the gates, notwithstanding the necessity of the repairings, and the conveniences which would ensue to the school from it.
ref: 1800, James Jones Morgan, Epistolary Correspondence, page 14:
glosses: The act by which something is repaired; a mending.
calculating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of calculate
calculating
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more calculating
form: most calculating
Senses: examples: an early calculating device
glosses: Having the ability to calculate.
examples: text: Following the sentencing, Knutton said: "What sort of person does something so cold and calculating? I did not expect her to go to jail for it. I am just glad it is now all over."
ref: 2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in Guardian:
glosses: Serving one's own interests in an unemotional, analytical manner.
raw_tags: of a person
Derived terms: calculatingly
uncalculating
denying
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈnaɪ.ɪŋ/
ipa: /dəˈnaɪ.ɪŋ/
ipa: /dɪ-/
rhymes: -aɪɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of deny
denying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈnaɪ.ɪŋ/
ipa: /dəˈnaɪ.ɪŋ/
ipa: /dɪ-/
rhymes: -aɪɪŋ
Forms: form: denyings
Senses: glosses: The act of one who denies something; a denial.
reasoned
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈriːzənd/
ipa: [ˈɹiːzn̩d]
Forms: form: more reasoned
form: most reasoned
Senses: glosses: based on reasoning; being the result of logical thought
Derived terms: reasoned amendment
reasoned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈriːzənd/
ipa: [ˈɹiːzn̩d]
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of reason
speculations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of speculation
palanquins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of palanquin
acculturate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /əˈkʌl.t͡ʃəˌɹeɪt/
Forms: form: acculturates
form: acculturating
form: acculturated
form: acculturated
Etymology: * Back-formation from acculturation; first attested in 1923
Senses: glosses: To change the culture of (a person) by the influence of another culture, especially a more dominant culture.
synonyms: socialize
glosses: To cause (a person) to acquire the culture of a society (or of a region, industry, or company), as in the case of children growing up in that culture, immigrants learning that culture, or new hires learning the ropes of a job.
glosses: To be changed by acculturation.
Derived terms: acculturative
reacculturate
Related terms: acculturation
acreage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈeɪk(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: acreages
Etymology: From acre + -age.
Senses: glosses: Size, as measured in acres.
glosses: An area of land measured in acres.
acridity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: acridities
Etymology: From acrid + -ity.
Senses: glosses: Bitterness or acerbity.
glosses: An acrid taste or smell.
examples: text: She was not safe from the acridity of his tongue but at least she need not fear physical violence, which was well within the possibilities for others.
ref: 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:
glosses: Bitterness in speech or behavior; causticness.
Synonyms: acridness
acridness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈækɹɪdnəs/
Etymology: From acrid + -ness.
Senses: glosses: Bitterness or acerbity.
glosses: An acrid taste or smell.
Synonyms: acridity
adz
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ædz/
rhymes: -ædz
homophone: adds
homophone: ads
Forms: form: adzes
Senses: examples: text: The adz is used in reducing the camphor tree to chips, which can be placed into retorts for the distillation process (see illustration on the next page).
ref: March 1920, Alice Ballantine Kirjassoff, “FORMOSA THE BEAUTIFUL”, in National Geographic Magazine, page 267:
glosses: Alternative spelling of adze.
adz
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ædz/
rhymes: -ædz
homophone: adds
homophone: ads
Forms: form: adzes
form: adzing
form: adzed
form: adzed
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of adze.
deaconess
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌdiːkəˈnɛs/
Forms: form: deaconesses
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English dekenesse; equivalent to deacon + -ess.
Senses: topics: Christianity
glosses: A non-clerical role for women in some churches.
topics: Christianity
glosses: A female deacon.
glosses: A female servant in the early Christian church.
glosses: The nun in charge of the altar in a convent.
glosses: One of an order of women in some Protestant churches who nurse the sick and tend the poor.
Coordinate terms: deacon
Derived terms: deaconess-house
deaconess house
Related terms: deaconry
deaconship
diaconal
diaconate
deadbolt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɛdˌboʊlt/
Forms: form: deadbolts
Etymology: From dead + bolt.
Senses: coordinate_terms: latchbolt
glosses: The part of the lock which is moved when the key is engaged.
synonyms: deadlock
glosses: A kind of lock in which the bolt (moving portion) is held in position by the cylinder rather than by a spring and so cannot be retracted except by turning the cylinder.
deadbolt
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɛdˌboʊlt/
Forms: form: deadbolts
form: deadbolting
form: deadbolted
form: deadbolted
Etymology: From dead + bolt.
Senses: glosses: To fasten or secure with a deadbolt.
deadliness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɛdlɪnəs/
Forms: form: deadlinesses
Etymology: From Middle English dedlinesse, deadlicnesse, from Old English dēadlīcnes, equivalent to deadly + -ness.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of lethality.
The quality of being deadly.
glosses: Synonym of lethality.
The degree to which a thing is deadly.
glosses: Tedium, or the quality of being boring.
Julianna
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Modern combination of Julie + Anna, perhaps sometimes intended as a form of Juliana.
Senses: glosses: A female given name from Latin.
conceptions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of conception
assailed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of assail
skillfully
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more skillfully
form: most skillfully
form: skilfully
Etymology: From Middle English skilfully, skylfully, skilfulliche, equivalent to skillful + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: On Sundays he mounted the pulpit instead of black bare bones, and as a preacher he drew the fangs of Satan with his spiritual pullikins, almost as skillfully as he did the teeth of his brother sinners on week days, with his metallic ones.
ref: 1867, Leigh Burton, American Journal of Dental Science, page 180:
glosses: In a skillful manner; with skill.
sermons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of sermon
raining
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪnɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪnɪŋ
homophone: reining
homophone: reigning
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of rain
raining
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹeɪnɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪnɪŋ
homophone: reining
homophone: reigning
Forms: form: rainings
Senses: examples: text: It was raining heavily.
text: This is a way of saying that the subatomic structure of the verb “to rain” explicitly marks rainings as a kind of change that places undergo.
ref: 2013, Maite Ezcurdia, Robert J. Stainton, The Semantics-Pragmatics Boundary in Philosophy, page 363:
glosses: A fall of rain.
mended
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of mend
Derived terms: unmended
hesitating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛzɪteɪtɪŋ/
Forms: form: hæsitating
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of hesitate
hesitating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛzɪteɪtɪŋ/
Forms: form: hesitatings
form: hæsitating
Senses: examples: text: Miss Martin, after sundry hesitatings and coughings, with a preparatory choke or two, […] commenced a species of treble chirruping […]
ref: 1836, Charles Dickens, The mistaken milliner. A tale of ambition:
glosses: hesitation
hesitating
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛzɪteɪtɪŋ/
Forms: form: more hesitating
form: most hesitating
form: hæsitating
Derived terms: hesitatingly
hesitatingness
unhesitating
goats
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of goat
goats
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of goat
delivering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of deliver
delivering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: deliverings
Senses: examples: text: The deliverings of our senses, while they seem to us to provide a transparent window on the world, are in fact conditioned through and through by the details of our organic and neural structure - developed over eons of evolutionary history.
ref: 2003, J. Thomas Cook, Lee Rice, Spinoza on Mind and Body:
glosses: An act of delivering.
fugitives
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of fugitive
fugitives
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of fugitive
casualties
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of casualty
newcomers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of newcomer
depriving
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -aɪvɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of deprive
fights
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /faɪts/
rhymes: -aɪts
Senses: glosses: plural of fight
fights
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /faɪts/
rhymes: -aɪts
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of fight
chooses
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃuːzɪz/
rhymes: -uːzɪz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of choose
chooses
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃuːzɪz/
rhymes: -uːzɪz
Senses: glosses: plural of choose
fainted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: homophone: feinted
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of faint
anticipating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of anticipate
salted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: salted peanuts
text: Dave, if you are eating enough salted nuts for the salt in the nuts to make a difference in the compost pile, you would be better off worrying about what all those nuts are doing to *you* because that would be a *whole lotta nuts*!
ref: 1999 April 6, Pat Kiewicz, rec.gardens.edible (Usenet):
glosses: To which salt has been added.
examples: text: It is possible, again, that cases which have recovered from the disease (so-called salted animals), may assume the role of host, and furnish infective material for the propogation of the disease.
ref: 1901 May 10, H. Watkins-Pitchford, “Horse-sickness Investigations”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 5, page 131:
glosses: Of an animal, vaccinated against or having recovered from a disease.
Derived terms: green-salted
ready salted
salted bomb
salted egg
sea-salted
salted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of salt
shutting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃʌtɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌtɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of shut
shutting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃʌtɪŋ/
rhymes: -ʌtɪŋ
Forms: form: shuttings
Senses: examples: openings and shuttings of doors
glosses: The act by which something is shut.
applauding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of applaud
applauding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: applaudings
Senses: examples: August 3, 1852, Rufus Choate, Address on Kossuth and Non-Intervention
The tribute of tears and applaudings; the tribute of sympathy and of thoughts too deep for applaudings — too deep for tears, have attested his sway.
glosses: applause
confiscated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of confiscate
praising
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹeɪzɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪzɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of praise
Derived terms: praisingly
unpraising
praising
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹeɪzɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪzɪŋ
Forms: form: praisings
Senses: examples: text: We ask people all the time, “How many of you are sick and tired of all the praisings you get at work or at home?” Everybody laughs, because most of us do not naturally think of cheering each other on.
ref: 2009, Ken Blanchard, Leading at a Higher Level, Revised and Expanded Edition:
glosses: An act of giving praise.
pooped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pupt/
rhymes: -uːpt
Forms: form: more pooped
form: most pooped
Senses: examples: text: Well, that was wonderful. A good time was had by all. I'm pooped.
ref: 1996 April 14, Bill Oakley, “22 Short Films About Springfield”, in The Simpsons, season 7, episode 21, spoken by Principal Skinner (Harry Shearer), production code 3F18:
text: Well, I've walked 35 miles since yesterday to get here, so I'm pooped
ref: 2000, Jeff Alt, A Walk For Sunshine: A 2,160 Mile Expedition for Charity on the Appalachian Trail, page 138:
glosses: Tired; exhausted.
pooped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /pupt/
rhymes: -uːpt
Forms: form: more pooped
form: most pooped
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Fitted or furnished with a poop.
examples: text: Then - a shock of water, a wild rush of boiling foam, and I was clinging for my life to the shroud, ay, swept straight out from it like a flag in a gale. We were pooped. The wave passed. It seemed to me that I was under water for minutes - really it was seconds.
ref: 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: Having had a wave come over the stern from abaft.
pooped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pupt/
rhymes: -uːpt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of poop
exerted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of exert
temptations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of temptation
diaphone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: diaphones
Senses: glosses: A kind of organ pipe.
glosses: A sound signal which produces sound by means of a slotted piston moved back and forth by compressed air.
diaphone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: diaphones
Etymology: From dia- + phone (i.e., dia(lect) + phone).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
glosses: A particular dialectal variant of a phoneme; all the dialectal variants of a phoneme, considered as a whole.
Related terms: diaphoneme
diaphonic
diaphonology
scraggly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɹæɡ(ə)li/
Forms: form: scragglier
form: scraggliest
Etymology: As if from a verb *scraggle (in turn from scrag). Equivalent to scrag + -le + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The sunburn of my face, what little of it could be seen through a scraggly growth of beard, had faded to a sickly yellow.
ref: 1913 August, Jack London, chapter XXXI, in John Barleycorn, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC, page 280:
text: Faintly from the street scraggly children's voices singing a yule song. Miss Tomson going to the window.
"Hey come here Mr Smith look at this, isn't that sweet, group of urchins, they're singing."
ref: 1963, J P Donleavy, A Singular Man, published 1963 (USA), page 24:
text: What he painted was scenes of the Old West, cowboys and Indians, cattle and horses. Pictures scraggly with sagebrush.
ref: 1980 November 24, John Skow, “In Arizona: A Million Dollar Sale of Cowboy Art”, in Time:
glosses: Rough, scruffy, or unkempt.
examples: text: She would be so happy . . . that she wouldn't notice the spelling or the scraggly writing.
ref: 1916, Annie Fellows Johnston, chapter 24, in Georgina of the Rainbows:
text: "I have no idea," the young woman said, checking over the scraggly illegible signature the mystery woman had left her in her autograph book.
ref: 2001 September 7, Christopher John Farley, “At the MTV Awards: Redheads and Circuses”, in Time:
text: I climbed to a small ridge under a fiercely blazing sun and sat down under a scraggly gum tree to try and work out my bearings.
ref: 2005, Sean Dooley, The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page 285:
glosses: Jagged or uneven; scraggy.
Derived terms: scraggliness
enamorado
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: enamoradoes
Etymology: From Spanish enamorado.
Senses: examples: text: Two more things they are looking at out there are a sign on the rear bumper reading “Custer Died for Your Sins” and, at the wheel, Lois's enamorado Stewart Brand, a thin blond guy with a blazing disk on his forehead too, and a whole necktie made of Indian beads.
ref: 1968, Tom Wolfe, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, Bantam, published 1997, →ISBN, page 2:
synonyms: word: admirer
word: adorer
word: baby
word: beloved
word: courter
word: crush
word: darling
word: enamorado
word: flame
word: follower
word: leman
word: loteby
word: love
word: love interest
word: lover
word: paramour
word: sparker
word: sweetheart
word: truelove
word: wooer
glosses: A lover; a person in love.
saltire
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsæl.taɪə/
ipa: /ˈsɔːl-/
Forms: form: saltires
Etymology: From Middle English sawtoure, from Old French sautoir (“stile, saltire”) (compare French sautoir (“saltire”)), from sauter (“to jump, to leap”) + -oir (subject forming nouns denoting physical objects from verbs), from Latin saltāre (“to dance, to jump”) + -orium, -oria.
Senses: topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
glosses: An ordinary (geometric design) in the shape of an X. It usually occupies the entire field in which it is placed.
examples: text: But the World Cup winning veteran's left boot was awry again, the attempt sliced horribly wide of the left upright, and the saltires were waving aloft again a moment later when a long pass in the England midfield was picked off to almost offer up a breakaway try.
ref: 2011 October 1, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16 – 12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 26 Sep 2016:
text: It was early August. In the Borders, there were few signs yet of a campaign that could take Scotland out of the United Kingdom. A large Y-E-S hung in separate letters from a tree on the road from Coldstream to Kelso. There wasn't a N-O to match it, but Kelso town hall flew both the saltire and the union jack.
ref: 2014 September 16, Ian Jack, “Is this the end of Britishness?”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 18 Apr 2016:
glosses: The Saint Andrew's cross, the flag of Scotland.
glosses: The Saint Patrick's Cross, the pre 1922 flag of Ireland.
Synonyms: topics: heraldry
hobbies
nobility
monarchy
politics
government
lifestyle
word: crux decussata
sense: flag of Scotland
word: Saint Andrew's cross
ice-cold
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪskəʊld/
Forms: form: more ice-cold
form: most ice-cold
form: icecold
form: ice cold
Etymology: From Middle English *is-cold, from Old English īsċeald; equivalent to ice + cold. Cognate with Saterland Frisian ieskoold (“ice-cold”), West Frisian iiskâld (“ice-cold”), Dutch ijskoud (“ice-cold”), Afrikaans yskoud (“ice-cold”), German Low German ieskold (“ice-cold”), German eiskalt (“ice-cold”), Yiddish אײַזקאַלט (ayzkalt, “ice-cold”), Danish iskold (“ice-cold”), Swedish iskall (“ice-cold”), Norwegian iskald (“ice-cold”), Faroese ísakaldur (“ice-cold”), Icelandic ískaldur (“ice-cold”).
Senses: examples: text: Now I'm sitting here
Sipping on my ice-cold beer
Lazing on a sunny afternoon.
ref: 1966, The Kinks, Sunny Afternoon:
text: When Tripp holds his red soda like it’s an ice-cold beer, it probably isn’t actually Mountain Dew Code Red, but it might as well be.
ref: 2017 January 12, Jesse Hassenger, “A literal monster truck is far from the stupidest thing about Monster Trucks”, in The Onion AV Club:
synonyms: cold as ice
glosses: As cold as ice; very cold.
synonyms: icy
glosses: Without emotion; distant.
ice-cold
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪskəʊld/
Forms: form: ice-colds
form: icecold
form: ice cold
Etymology: From Middle English *is-cold, from Old English īsċeald; equivalent to ice + cold. Cognate with Saterland Frisian ieskoold (“ice-cold”), West Frisian iiskâld (“ice-cold”), Dutch ijskoud (“ice-cold”), Afrikaans yskoud (“ice-cold”), German Low German ieskold (“ice-cold”), German eiskalt (“ice-cold”), Yiddish אײַזקאַלט (ayzkalt, “ice-cold”), Danish iskold (“ice-cold”), Swedish iskall (“ice-cold”), Norwegian iskald (“ice-cold”), Faroese ísakaldur (“ice-cold”), Icelandic ískaldur (“ice-cold”).
Senses: examples: […] to sink a few ice colds […]
glosses: A cold serving of beer.
idyl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: idyls
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of idyll.
Derived terms: idylist
straw polls
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of straw poll
topographical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Edward asked a few topographical questions, and set forth without the old man, who seemed infinitely to prefer finishing his attendance on his carnations.
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter I, in Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 15:
text: Firstly, Japan is in such a topographical condition and technical restriction as to make it impossible to adopt the use of machinery upon such an extensive scale as is emphasized by Marxist agriculturism.
ref: 1933, The Japan Magazine - Volume 23, page 75:
glosses: topographic
Derived terms: topographical map
drainage basin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: drainage basins
Senses: examples: text: The efficient evaluation of these plans, which may include the construction of dams, reservoirs, and settling basins, requires information on sediment transport in the Cache Creek drainage basin.
ref: 1967, Lawrence K. Lustig, Robert D. Busch, Sediment Transport in Cache Creek Drainage Basin in the Coast Ranges West of Sacramento, California, page 2:
topics: geography
hydrology
natural-sciences
synonyms: word: watershed
word: catchment area
word: catchment basin
glosses: A topographic region in which all water drains to a common outlet; a watershed.
catchment basin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: catchment basins
Senses: topics: geography
hydrology
natural-sciences
glosses: A topographic region in which all water drains to a common outlet.
Synonyms: word: catchment area
word: drainage basin
word: watershed
wedding party
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: wedding parties
Senses: glosses: The bride and groom as well as the bridesmaids and groomsmen at a wedding.
catchment
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkatʃmənt/
ipa: /ˈkɛt͡ʃmənt/
Forms: form: catchments
form: catchmenting
form: catchmented
form: catchmented
Etymology: From catch + -ment.
Senses: examples: the catchmenting of mental health services
glosses: To divide into catchment areas.
ogler
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈəʊɡələ(ɹ)/
/ˈɒɡələ(ɹ)/
Forms: form: oglers
Etymology: From ogle + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who ogles.
overgrow
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ō′vər-grō′
rhymes: -əʊ
Forms: form: overgrows
form: overgrowing
form: overgrew
form: overgrown
Etymology: From over- + grow.
Senses: glosses: To grow beyond one's boundaries or containment, or beyond the proper size.
examples: text: The utmost they aimed at doing was thoroughly to clear the old Church of all the corruptions and superstitions which had disfigured it in the course of ages, and which, like the flaunting ivy overgrowing some ancient building, not only concealed the Church's fair proportions, but shut out the light of heaven from its windows, and more or less dislocated its structure.
ref: 1886, Edward Meyrick Goulburn, Meditations upon the liturgical gospels for the minor festivals, page 28:
text: One wall advertised a dense muddle of ivy overgrowing its prefab brick, while a miniature moat with a jerry-built bridge arcing over it snaked around one of the "halls" (as real universities dub their constituent structures).
ref: 2002, James Morrison, Broken Fever: Reflections of Gay Boyhood, page 196:
text: If there is ivy overgrowing things, then we shall clean it up.
ref: 2008, J. R. Ward, Lover Enshrined, page 470:
glosses: To grow over; (of one thing) to cause (a second thing) to become overgrown (with or by the first thing).
pluripotent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /plʊəˈɹɪpətənt/
Etymology: From pluri- + potent.
Senses: synonyms: multipotent
glosses: Having much or unlimited potential to develop in a certain way, especially in a desirable fashion.
examples: text: As the embryo grows, ‘pluripotent’ stem cells appear, which are limited in their potency.
ref: 2011, Terence Allen, Graham Cowling, The Cell: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 99:
text: After injecting the virus into the eye, the pluripotent genes were then switched on by feeding the mouse an antibiotic.
ref: 2022 June 2, Sandee LaMotte, “The ‘Benjamin Button’ effect: Scientists can reverse aging in mice. The goal is to do the same for humans”, in CNN:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
coordinate_terms: multipotent
;
totipotent
oligopotent
unipotent
glosses: Able to develop into more than one mature cell or tissue type, but not all.
Synonyms: pluripotential
Derived terms: nonpluripotent
Related terms: pluripotency
bagpiper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbæɡ.paɪ.pɚ/
Forms: form: bagpipers
Etymology: From bagpipe + -er.
Senses: synonyms: piper
glosses: One who plays the bagpipes.
billfold
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɪlˌfoʊld/
Forms: form: billfolds
Etymology: From bill + fold.
Senses: examples: text: Lenny had so many pictures of his family stuffed into his billfold that it barely fit into his pocket.
glosses: A small, folding sleeve or case designed to hold paper currency, as well as credit cards, pictures, etc.
Synonyms: sense: folding case for holding currency
word: pocketbook
word: wallet
Derived terms: champagne taste on a beer billfold
bindery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: binderies
Etymology: From bind + -ery (“place of”).
Senses: examples: text: Places of Employment: About 69,000 bookbinders and bindery workers were employed [in the United States] in 1978. Many worked in shops that specialize in bookbinding; others work in the bindery departments of book printing firms, commercial printing plants, and large libraries. Some bookbinders worked for the Federal Government. Although bookbinders work in all parts of the country, employment is concentrated in large printing centers such as New York City, Chicago, Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, and Philadelphia. […] Training, Other Qualifications, and Advancement: A 4- or 5-year apprenticeship, which includes on-the-job training as well as related classroom instruction, generally is required to qualify as a skilled bookbinder. Apprenticeship applicants usually must have a high school education, mechanical aptitude, and be at least 18 years of age. […] Employment Outlook: Employment of bookbinders and bindery workers is expected to increase more slowly than the average for all occupations through the 1980's. Nevertheless, some job openings will arise as experienced workers retire, die, or change occupations. Despite the anticipated increase in the amount of bound printed materials, employment growth will be limited by the increasing mechanization of bindery operations. Job opportunities are expected to be better for skilled bookbinders than for bindery workers since many tasks that bindery workers used [to] perform by hand will be done by machine.
ref: 1980, United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Bookbinders and bindery workers”, in Occupational Outlook Handbook (Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics), Bulletin 2075, 1980–1981 edition, United States Government printing office:
text: The tours to the binderies and to the printers and publishers lasted on the average of 1.45 and 1.71 hours respectively.
ref: 1996, Thomas D. Walker, Surveying the library landscape, page 14:
synonyms: bookbindery
glosses: A workshop or factory where books are bound.
Related terms: binder
bookbinder
mass-produced
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of mass-produce
mass-produced
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more mass-produced
form: most mass-produced
Senses: glosses: Produced by mass production.
silviculturist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silviculturists
form: sylviculturist
Etymology: From silviculture + -ist.
Senses: glosses: someone who practices silviculture; a forester
mass-produce
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: mass-produces
form: mass-producing
form: mass-produced
form: mass-produced
Senses: glosses: To manufacture (something) on a large scale, especially by using assembly lines.
Related terms: mass production
silviculture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: silvicultures
Etymology: From silva + -i- + culture. From Latin silva (“forest”) + cultūra (“cultivation”).
Senses: examples: text: Wilderness is gone. Forest has succumbed to chemically sustained silviculture.
ref: 2018, Richard Powers, The Overstory, Vintage (2019), page 598:
glosses: The care and development of forests in order to obtain a product or provide a benefit; forestry.
Derived terms: silvicultural
cese
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: ceses
form: cesing
form: cesed
form: cesed
Senses: glosses: Obsolete form of cease.
dimissory
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more dimissory
form: most dimissory
Etymology: From Latin dimissorius. Compare dimit.
Senses: examples: a bishop's dimissory letter
glosses: Granting permission to be ordained.
glosses: Granting permission to depart.
dimity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dimities
form: dimmity
Etymology: From earlier dimite, from Middle English demit, demyt, from Medieval Latin dimitum, from Byzantine Greek δίμιτον (dímiton), from Ancient Greek δίμιτος (dímitos, “of double thread”).
Senses: examples: text: Strain the ſoup through a piece of dimity into a clean ſaucepan, and let it ſtew till it is of the thickneſs of cream.
ref: 1717, T. Williams, The Accomplished Housekeeper, and Universal Cook, page 134:
text: The first of these tweels, in respect to the number of leaves, is the dimity cord, which is merely the three leafed tweel turned, a plan of which is subjoined, both for cording and treading.
ref: 1831, John Murphy, A Treatise on the Art of Weaving, Glasgow, page 42:
text: The drapery should always be perfectly white, of dimity, twilled muslin, or other neat strong material.
ref: 1840, "A Lady", The Workwoman's Guide, page 42:
text: 2009 Fall, Rabbit Goody, Jill Mancy, Interiors: Bug Bars & Slipcovers, Early Homes, page 20,
Period slipcovers were typically made of linen and cotton, in woven checks or striped dimities.
topics: business
manufacturing
textiles
qualifier: dated in general use
glosses: A light strong fabric with woven stripes or squares.
dimity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dimities
form: dimmity
Senses: examples: text: The twilight fell mistily—it was the first of the autumn mists—and in the dimity the undispersed families of the tawny owl called to each other, the young with keewick and the old with the proper hooroo, hooroo.
ref: 1958, T[erence] H[anbury] White, chapter XI, in The Once and Future King, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, book I (The Sword in the Stone):
glosses: Alternative form of dimmity (“dusk, twilight”).
cene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cenes
Etymology: Blend of control + gene
Senses: topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A control gene.
Derived terms: cenome
dimorphism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /daɪˈmɔːfɪzəm/
Forms: form: dimorphisms
Etymology: From di- + -morphism.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The occurrence within a plant of two distinct forms of any part.
examples: text: This is also done for Dizygopleura landesi Roth and Eukloedenella pontotocensis Lundin, new species, which illustrate domiciliar (kloedenellid) dimorphism.
ref: 1965, Robert F. Lundin, Bulletin - Issue 108, page 18:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The occurrence in an animal species of two distinct types of individual.
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A property of certain substances that enables them to exist in two distinct crystalline forms.
Derived terms: isodimorphism
sexodimorphism
sexual dimorphism
Related terms: dimorphic
dimorphous
monomorphism
polymorphism
biform
cest
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɛst/
rhymes: -ɛst
Forms: form: cests
Etymology: Latin cestus.
Senses: examples: text: The cest of amplest power is given
ref: 1746, William Collins, Ode on the Poetical Character:
glosses: Alternative form of cestus (“woman's girdle”).
cele
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: celes
Etymology: Clipping of celebrity.
Senses: glosses: celebrity
English horn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: English horns
Etymology: Calque of French cor anglais.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
synonyms: cor anglais
glosses: A woodwind instrument similar to an oboe, but larger and pitched a fifth lower.
Derived terms: English hornist
Related terms: French horn
fluorian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: containing fluorine
fluorinate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: fluorinates
form: fluorinating
form: fluorinated
form: fluorinated
Etymology: From fluorine + -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To introduce fluorine into a compound.
Derived terms: defluorinate
fluorination
radiofluorinate
Related terms: fluoridate
fluoridation
fluoridization
fluoridize
fluoridate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: fluoridates
form: fluoridating
form: fluoridated
form: fluoridated
Etymology: Back-formation from fluoridation, equivalent to fluoride + -ate.
Senses: examples: text: Out of the 484 Utah water systems that reported data in 2024, only 66 fluoridated their water, an Associated Press analysis showed. The largest was the state’s biggest city, Salt Lake City.
ref: 2025 March 28, “Utah becomes the first state to ban fluoride in public drinking water”, in CNN, sourced from Associated Press:
topics: chemistry
dentistry
medicine
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: fluoridize
glosses: To add fluoride to something, especially to drinking water in order to reduce tooth decay.
Derived terms: defluoridated
fluoridator
unfluoridated
Related terms: fluoridation
fluoridization
fluorinate
fluorination
fluorine dating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: archaeology
history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: A technique used to date bones by measuring the amount of fluorine absorbed from the surrounding soil.
Synonyms: fluorine absorption dating
fluorine absorption dating
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: archaeology
history
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: a technique used to date bones by measuring the amount of fluorine absorbed from the surrounding soil
Synonyms: fluorine dating
fluorine method
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: fluorine dating
fluorine oxide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fluorine oxides
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: oxygen fluoride
fluorine test
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fluorine tests
Senses: glosses: fluorine dating
uranium hexafluoride
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uranium hexafluorides
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: a binary compound of uranium and fluorine, UF₆; it is a grey solid, or heavy gas, and is used in the uranium enrichment process to produce fuel for nuclear reactors or nuclear weapons
neons
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of neon (the fish, neon tetras)
neon sign
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neon signs
Senses: examples: text: Just listen to the music and the traffic of the city / Linger on the sidewalk where the neon signs are pretty
ref: 1979, “Downtown”, performed by The B-52's:
glosses: An illuminated sign constructed from fluorescent lights in the form of bent glass tubes; the different colours being obtained by adding different noble gases to the neon.
utilitarianism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: utilitarianisms
Etymology: From utilitarian + -ism.
Senses: topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A system of ethics based on the premise that something's value may be measured by its usefulness.
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The theory that action should be directed toward achieving the "greatest happiness for the greatest number of people" (hedonistic universalism), or one of various related theories.
examples: text: After a few more concerts, my uneasiness took form: the response seemed only to be to the Interpreter as Performer. The reviews praised her artistry. But I heard few women speak of her as a bridge in communication for deaf women, about her function, her "utilitarianism."
ref: 1979 August 25, Vicki Gabriner, Susan Freundlich, “Bridging the Gaps between Deaf and Hearing Lesbians”, in Gay Community News, volume 7, number 6, page 8:
glosses: Practicality, functionality, as opposed to e.g. aesthetics.
Hypernyms: consequentialism
welfarism
Coordinate terms: deontology
Derived terms: antiutilitarianism
negative utilitarianism
nonutilitarianism
rule utilitarianism
strides
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -aɪdz
Senses: glosses: plural of stride
strides
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -aɪdz
Senses: examples: text: 2004, Marion Houldsworth, Red Dust Rising: The Story of Ray Fryer of Urapunga, Central Queensland University Press, 2011, Boolarong Press, page 97,
So he gave him one boot. I said, ‘One boot′s no bloody good! Give him two boot[s]!’ So he chucks over another boot, and a pair of strides.
text: He went upstairs and changed into a fresh pair of strides, nipped into the bathroom and gave his hands and face a quick rinse and threw on a clean pullover.
ref: 2006, Smiley Brymer, The Universal Naked Linesman, AuthorHouse, page 173:
text: His mother used to have to buy two pair of strides for him, cut the legs off one and sew them onto the other.
ref: 2007, Antony Agar, Queensland Ringer, page 211:
text: I thought of Des and May′s daughters, then of Gleaves, and resolved to borrow a pair of strides from Cliff, to keep the tie-wearing penile-challenged toss-bag oaf ma case.
ref: 1994, Irvine Welsh, The Acid House, published 2008, unnumbered page:
glosses: Trousers.
strides
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: rhymes: -aɪdz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of stride
own goal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈoʊn.ɡoʊl/
Forms: form: own goals
form: own-goal
Senses: examples: text: It is 20 years to the day since Escobar was shot dead after scoring the own goal that effectively sealed Colombia’s elimination from USA ’94.
ref: 2014 July 2, Jeremy Wilson, “Andrés Escobar murder: Colombia prepare for biggest ever World Cup match on 20th anniversary of death”, in The Daily Telegraph:
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
synonyms: self goal
autogoal
glosses: A goal that results from a player putting the ball or puck into the goal of their own team; the resulting goal being scored for the opposition.
examples: text: In its penultimate year, for example, starting from when the Provos blew up Canary Wharf in February 1996, the IRA suffered its last 'own goal' when Wexford-born Ed O'Brien blew himself up on a London bus whilst transporting a bomb.
ref: 2008, Henry McDonald, Gunsmoke and mirrors: how Sinn Féin dressed up defeat as victory:
text: No doubt the buzz of army helicopters will sound again in the skies over Belfast tonight, as loyalists continue to score this series of bloody own goals.
ref: 2011 June 22, Fionola Meredith, “Belfast riots are an own goal”, in The Guardian:
text: These elections mark a personal humiliation for incumbent Ms. May, who ran a very personalized campaign as a “strong and stable” leader asking British voters to give her a clear mandate to negotiate Brexit. Ms. May scored an unforced own goal by reducing her party’s parliamentary seats and absolute majority.
ref: 2017 June 9, Sotirios Zartaloudis, “Theresa May wins election, but ends up the biggest loser”, in The Globe and Mail:
glosses: A blunder that damages one’s own prospects.
Related terms: dig one's own grave
self-inflicted
self-own
shoot oneself in the foot
beholder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bɪˈhəʊldə/
ipa: /bɪˈhoʊldɚ/
rhymes: -əʊldə(ɹ)
Forms: form: beholders
Etymology: From Middle English behalder, be holdar, beholder, beholdere, biholdar, biholdere, byholdere; equivalent to behold + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone who observes or beholds; an observer or spectator.
topics: fantasy
glosses: A fictional monster in roleplaying games, a floating orb of flesh with a large mouth and many eyes on stalks.
Derived terms: eye of the beholder
beauty is in the eye of the beholder
beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder
uncivilised
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more uncivilised
form: most uncivilised
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of uncivilized.
uncivilised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of uncivilise
a'right
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Forms: form: a'right !
Senses: glosses: Contraction of all right.
neon fish
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: neon fishes
form: neon fish
Senses: glosses: neon tetra