cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
New Zealand
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: nyoo͞-zē'lənd
ipa: /nju ˈziː.lənd/
ipa: /ˌnjuː -/
enpr: noo͞-zē'lənd
ipa: /nu ˈzi.lənd/
ipa: /ˌnu -/
ipa: /njʉː ˈzɪələnd/
note: uncommon/foreign
ipa: /- ˈziː-/
ipa: [njʉ ˈzɪəɫənd]
ipa: [-ˈzeə-]
rhymes: -iːlənd
Etymology: Calque of Dutch Nieuw-Zeeland (“new Zeeland”), (nieuw calqued as new), Zeeland calqued as the respelling Zealand to parallel the historical exonym, after the Dutch settlement in Batavia, which in turn had been named after the Dutch province of Zeeland, from Middle Dutch Sêelant, equivalent to zee (“sea”) + land (“land”).
Senses: examples: text: The government of New Zealand is looking for a crew to lead the redevelopment of its research headquarters in Antarctica.
Built in the 1980s, the country’s Scott Base consists of 12 structures that officials want replaced by three large, interconnected buildings, plus a separate helicopter hangar.
ref: 2019 September 26, Gianluca Mezzofiore, “Wanted: A design team for a building project at Earth’s most remote location – Antarctica”, in CNN:
text: After two pylonless months, July's pylon comes all the way from the hills outside Wellington, New Zealand.
ref: 2023 July 8, “Pylon of the Month - July 2023”, in Pylon of the Month:
glosses: A country and archipelago of Oceania, to the east of Australia. Official name: New Zealand. Capital: Wellington.
glosses: The Realm of New Zealand, including the Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau and the Ross Dependency.
glosses: A western suburb of Derby, Derbyshire, England (OS grid ref SK3336).
glosses: A hamlet in Hilmarton parish, north-central Wiltshire, England (OS grid ref SU0177).
Synonyms: sense: from Maori
word: Aotearoa
word: Aotearoa New Zealand
word: Dominion of New Zealand
word: Enzed
word: Godzone
word: Kiwiland
word: Land of the Long White Cloud
word: Maoriland
word: Nu Zillund
word: NZ
word: Zealandia
Derived terms: Enzedder
New Zealand begonia
New Zealand bellbird
New Zealand cotton
New Zealand Daylight Time
New Zealand English
New Zealander
New Zealandese
New Zealand flax
New Zealand fur seal
New Zealand goose
New Zealandish
New Zealandic
New Zealandism
New Zealandize
New Zealand Mean Time
New Zealandress
New Zealand studies
New Zealand tea tree
Zealandia
Zealandian
Zealandica
New Zealand
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: nyoo͞-zē'lənd
ipa: /nju ˈziː.lənd/
ipa: /ˌnjuː -/
enpr: noo͞-zē'lənd
ipa: /nu ˈzi.lənd/
ipa: /ˌnu -/
ipa: /njʉː ˈzɪələnd/
note: uncommon/foreign
ipa: /- ˈziː-/
ipa: [njʉ ˈzɪəɫənd]
ipa: [-ˈzeə-]
rhymes: -iːlənd
Forms: form: New Zealands
Etymology: Calque of Dutch Nieuw-Zeeland (“new Zeeland”), (nieuw calqued as new), Zeeland calqued as the respelling Zealand to parallel the historical exonym, after the Dutch settlement in Batavia, which in turn had been named after the Dutch province of Zeeland, from Middle Dutch Sêelant, equivalent to zee (“sea”) + land (“land”).
Senses: glosses: A rabbit of a breed that originated in California from rabbits imported from New Zealand.
Yugoslavia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌjuː.ɡəˈslɑː.vɪ.ə/
ipa: /ˌjuː.ɡəʊˈslɑː.vɪ.ə/
ipa: /ˌju.ɡəˈslɑ.vi.ə/
ipa: /ˌju.ɡoʊˈslɑ.vi.ə/
rhymes: -ɑːviə
Forms: form: Jugoslavia
form: Yougoslavia
Etymology: Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Jugoslavija, in turn from jug (“south”) and slavija (“Slavia, the land of the Slavs”). Literally, the land of the South Slavs. By surface analysis, Yugoslav + -ia.
Senses: examples: text: This all relates to what happened in the 1990s, in the bloody aftermath of Yugoslavia splintering into separate nations.
ref: 2015 February 3, Greg Botelho, “U.N. court: Serbs’ actions in Croatia not considered genocide”, in CNN:
glosses: A former country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, now split into 6 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.
glosses: A former country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, now split into 6 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia, a kingdom ruled by the House of Karađorđević which existed from 1918 to 1941.
glosses: A former country in Southeast Europe in the Balkans, now split into 6 countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, a communist state which existed from 1945 to 1992.
examples: text: Yugoslavia’s President, Slobodan Milosevic, has rejected all efforts at meaningful diplomacy and, in violation of his own previous commitments, has ratcheted up his military campaign against the innocent civilians of Kosovo.
ref: 1999 March 25, “Air Campaign Against Yugoslavia”, in The New York Times, New York:
glosses: A former country in Southeast Europe, a rump state formed by Serbia and Montenegro after 1992; in full, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
glosses: A former country in Southeast Europe, a rump state formed by Serbia and Montenegro after 1992; in full, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Serbia and Montenegro, after 2003 until 2006, when it disintegrated.
Derived terms: Yugosphere
Yugo-nostalgia
Yugonostalgia
Related terms: Yugoslav
The Netherlands
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: See Netherlands.
Pythonesque
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Pythonesque
form: most Pythonesque
Etymology: From the name of the British comedy troupe Monty Python, referring to their signature type of humour.
Senses: glosses: Farcically surreal or absurd.
raw_tags: of humour
Pythonesque
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more Pythonesque
form: most Pythonesque
Senses: examples: text: The module works by wrapping the C-extended Tkinter module into Pythonesque classes.
ref: 2001, Andy Duncan, Sean Hull, Oracle and Open Source: Tools and Applications:
text: If you want to cut out a third line, you can rewrite the above with a lambda function, which turns four lines into one (how very Pythonesque).
ref: 2003, Richard Hightower, Python Programming with the Java Class Libraries:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Typical of, or suited to, the Python programming language.
European Central Bank
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the European Central Bank
Senses: glosses: The Central bank for the European Union, administering the monetary policy of the 17 EU Eurozone member states.
Synonyms: ECB
Estonia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛˈstəʊ.nɪ.ə/
ipa: /ɛˈstoʊ.ni.ə/
ipa: /ɛˈstoʊn.jə/
rhymes: -əʊniə
Forms: form: Estonias
form: Esthonia
Etymology: Borrowed from Medieval Latin Estonia. Other early Latin forms were Estia and Hestia, possibly derived from the tribal name Aestiī described by the Roman historian Tacitus in his Germania (ca. 98 AD). Displaced Middle English Ēstland, from Old English Ēstland. Compare also Old Norse Æistland, Icelandic Eistland, German Estland (“Estonia”).
Senses: examples: text: “In the late 1930s, the Western democracies hesitated in the face of danger,” Prime Minister Siim Kallas of Estonia, a former Soviet republic, told me. “As a consequence, we fell under dictatorships and many people lost their lives. Action is sometimes necessary.”
ref: 2010, George W. Bush, Decision Points, New York: Crown Publishers, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 233:
text: While there is less income inequality in Estonia than in the United States—and, with 1.3 million people, the country is significantly smaller—the Baltic nation also has its share of cultural diversity.
ref: 2016 June 23, Sarah Butrymowicz, “Estonia Is Becoming the New Finland”, in The Atlantic, archived from the original on 29 Jun 2016:
glosses: A country in northeastern Europe, on the southeastern coast of the Baltic Sea. Official name: Republic of Estonia.
Derived terms: E-stonia
Related terms: Estonian
Estonian SSR
Latvia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlæt.vi.ə/
ipa: /ˈlɑːt.vi.ə/
Etymology: Borrowed from Latvian Latvija.
Senses: examples: text: In early July, I returned to Europe for the G-7 summit in Naples. On the way, I stopped in Riga, Latvia, to meet with the leaders of the Baltic states and celebrate the withdrawal of Russian troops from Lithuania and Latvia, a move we had helped to speed up by providing a large number of housing vouchers for Russian officers who wanted to go home.
ref: 2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 185:
synonyms: Lettland
glosses: A country in northeastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Latvia.
Related terms: Latvian
Latvian SSR
Lettish
Lithuania
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌlɪθ.juˈeɪ.ni.ə/
ipa: /ˌlɪð.juˈeɪ.ni.ə/
ipa: /ˌlɪθ.uˈeɪ.ni.ə/
ipa: /lɪθˈweɪ.ni.ə/
ipa: /lɪθˈwan̪.jɐ/
rhymes: -eɪniə
Etymology: From Medieval Latin Līthuānia f, from Proto-Slavic *Litъva f, from Old Lithuanian Lietuva f; compare the Early Modern synonym Lettow (from Middle English Lettowe).
It has been speculated that the name comes from the rivulet Lietauka, although archeological evidence does not corroborate this hypothesis.
Senses: examples: text: Taiwan's Foreign Ministry on Saturday condemned the sanctions, saying they amounted to "irrational retaliation" by China.
"Taiwan vows to continue to do its best to assist Lithuania to counter the unreasonable and arbitrary suppression of the Chinese government," the ministry said in a statement.
ref: 2022 August 13, Yew Lun Tian, Augustas Stankevicius, Ben Blanchard, “China sanctions Lithuanian deputy minister for Taiwan visit”, in Mark Heinrich, Paul Simao, William Mallard, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 13 Aug 2022, World:
glosses: A country in northeastern Europe. Official name: Republic of Lithuania.
Related terms: Lithuanian
Lithuanian SSR
Ethnographic regions of Lithuania
Norway
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɔː.weɪ/
ipa: /ˈnɔɹ.weɪ/
Forms: form: Norroway
form: Norwey
Etymology: From Middle English Norwey, Norweye, Northwey, Norweȝe, Norewæiȝ, Norwæge, from Old English Norþweġ, a calque of Old Norse Norðvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”), contrasted with suðrvegr (“south way”), i.e. Germany, and austrvegr (“east way”), the Baltic lands. Norwegian (1607) is from Medieval Latin Norvegia, with the -w- from Norway. Equivalent to North + way.
Senses: examples: text: Kramer said California’s legislation is weak compared to the laws in Norway and other European countries, which require a certain percentage of women on boards.
ref: 2018 September 30, Julia Carpenter and Jackie Wattles, “California has a new law: No more all-male boards”, in CNN Business:
glosses: A country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Norway.
glosses: The former name of a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, now Upper Beaches.
glosses: A settlement in Prince Edward Island, Canada.
glosses: An unincorporated community in LaSalle County, Illinois.
glosses: A census-designated place in White County, Indiana.
glosses: A small city in Benton County, Iowa.
glosses: A rural unincorporated community in Republic County, Kansas.
glosses: A town in Oxford County, Maine.
glosses: A small city in Dickinson County, Michigan.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Thomas County, Nebraska.
glosses: A small town in Herkimer County, New York.
glosses: A small town in Orangeburg County, South Carolina.
glosses: A town in Racine County, Wisconsin.
Synonyms: Norwegia
Derived terms: word: Central Norway
word: Church of Norway
word: Denmark-Norway
word: Eastern Norway
word: East Norway
word: New Norway
word: Norgay
word: Northern Norway
word: North Norway
word: Norwayan
word: Norway and Sweden
word: Norway haddock
word: Norway House
word: Manitoba
word: Canada
taxonomic: Nephrops norvegicus
word: Norway lobster
taxonomic: Acer platanoides
word: Norway maple
taxonomic: Pinus resinosa
word: Norway pine
taxonomic: Trisopterus esmarkii
word: Norway pout
taxonomic: Rattus norvegicus
word: Norway rat
taxonomic: Sebastes viviparus
word: Norway redfish
taxonomic: Picea abies
word: Norway spruce
word: Southern Norway
word: South Norway
word: Western Norway
word: West Norway
Related terms: Norwegian
Norwegian Current
Norwegian elkhound
Norsk elghund
elkhound
Norwegianisation
Norwegianise
Norwegianising
Norwegianization
Norwegianize
Norwegianizing
Norwegian saltpeter
Norgessalpeter
Norwegian Sea
Norway
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɔː.weɪ/
ipa: /ˈnɔɹ.weɪ/
Forms: form: Norways
form: Norroway
form: Norwey
Etymology: From Middle English Norwey, Norweye, Northwey, Norweȝe, Norewæiȝ, Norwæge, from Old English Norþweġ, a calque of Old Norse Norðvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”), contrasted with suðrvegr (“south way”), i.e. Germany, and austrvegr (“east way”), the Baltic lands. Norwegian (1607) is from Medieval Latin Norvegia, with the -w- from Norway. Equivalent to North + way.
Senses: glosses: Ellipsis of Norway rat.
Related terms: Austland
Austlandet
Midt-Noreg
Midt-Norge
Nordaustland
Nordaustlandet
Nordøstland
Nordøstlandet
Nordvestland
Nordvestlandet
Østland
Østlandet
Søraustland
Søraustlandet
Sørland
Sørlandet
Sørvestland
Sørvestlandet
Sørøstland
Sørøstlandet
Vestland
Vestlandet
Sweden
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈswiː.dən/
ipa: /ˈswi.dən/
rhymes: -iːdən
Etymology: Borrowed from Scots Swethin, Swadne (also Swaden), from Middle Dutch Sweden, dative of Swede. Originally used to refer to the people before the late 1600s, later displaced native Old English Swēoland (literally “Swede land”), Swēoþēod (literally “Swede nation”), and Swēorīċe (literally “Swede kingdom”) to refer to the country.
Senses: examples: text: People often mix up Sweden and Switzerland.
text: Bessent has also been spearheading trade negotiations. Last week he traveled to Sweden to meet with Chinese trade officials to discuss extending the current tariff rates in place on both countries’ goods. This comes as there’s a looming August 12 deadline for the two sides to extend rates or face higher tariffs.
ref: 2025 August 5, Elisabeth Buchwald, “Trump says Scott Bessent no longer in the running for Fed chair”, in CNN Business, archived from the original on 25 Aug 2025:
glosses: A country in Scandinavia in Northern Europe. Official name: Kingdom of Sweden.
Derived terms: Silicon Valley of Sweden
Swede
Sweden and Norway
Swedish
Related terms: Suecophile
Finland
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪn.lənd/
note: Indic
ipa: /fɪn.lanɖ/
rhymes: -ɪnlənd
Forms: form: Finlands
Etymology: Ultimately, from Old Norse Finnland, equivalent to Finn + -land. Compare Old English Finna land (“Lapland”, literally “land of the Sami”).
Senses: examples: text: Over the following decades, the EEC became the European Union, and expanded from the original six nations to today’s 27 members, from Finland in the north to Malta in the south.
ref: 2012 September 6, Bryony Jones, “Why is unity so important to Europe?”, in CNN:
text: And so far just two member states, Malta and Finland, are on track to meet their resettling obligations.
ref: 2017 March 2, Eliza Mackintosh, “No more excuses on resettling refugees, European Commission warns”, in CNN:
glosses: A Nordic country having borders with Sweden, Norway and Russia in Europe. Official name: Republic of Finland.
Meronyms: Espoo
Helsinki
Jyväskylä
Kuopio
Lahti
Oulu
Pori
Tampere
Turku
Vantaa
Derived terms: Finland Proper
Gulf of Finland
Karelo-Finland
Related terms: Finn
Finnish
Suomi
Morocco
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈɹɒkəʊ/
enpr: məräk'ō
other: /məˈɹɑkoʊ/
other: /mɔɹˈɑkoʊ/
rhymes: -ɒkəʊ
Etymology: Earlier spelling Marocco, from Portuguese Marrocos and/or Spanish Marruecos, from Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš), from Berber ⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴰⴽⵓⵛ (amur n akuc, literally “Land of God”). The word originally referred to the capital city of Marrakech (founded late 11th c.), but came to be used as a pars pro toto for the westernmost region of the Islamic world. Compare older Arabic مُرَّاكُش (murrākuš) (now اَلْمَغْرِب (al-maḡrib)), Persian مراکش (marâkeš), Medieval Latin Marrochium. Turkish refers to the country as Fas from Fez, another former capital. Doublet of Marrakech.
Senses: examples: text: Jonathan Hill, professor of international relations in the School of Security Studies at King’s College London, points to ongoing social unrest among rural youths in Morocco as another key reason why the law was passed. He cites the 2011 Arab Spring as an indicator of where such behaviour might lead if left unchecked.
ref: 2018 October 26, Chris Fitch, “Reintroduction of military conscription in Morocco”, in Geographical, archived from the original on 27 Feb 2021:
glosses: A country in North Africa. Official name: Kingdom of Morocco. Capital: Rabat.
Derived terms: Blue Pearl of Morocco
Moroccan
Morocco agencies
Morocco red
Related terms: maroquin
Marrakech
Morocco
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈɹɒkəʊ/
enpr: məräk'ō
other: /məˈɹɑkoʊ/
other: /mɔɹˈɑkoʊ/
rhymes: -ɒkəʊ
Forms: form: Moroccos
Etymology: Probably a surname of Italian origin.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Italian.
Related terms: Maghreb
Maghrib
North Africa
Algeria
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ælˈdʒɪəɹiə/
ipa: /ælˈdʒɪɹiə/
rhymes: -ɪɹiə
Etymology: From Alger + -ia, modified based on French Algérie, from the French Alger (“Algiers”) + -ie, from Algerian Arabic الدزَاير (ed-dzayer), from Arabic اَلْجَزَائِر (al-jazāʔir, “the islands”) (with elision of the first vowel), plural of جَزِيرَة (jazīra, “island”), referring to the several small islands that once existed in the Bay of Algiers. Doublet of Algiers and Algeciras.
Senses: glosses: A country in North Africa. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Capital and largest city: Algiers.
Ottoman Algeria, also the regency of Algiers or al-Jazā’ir in Arabic, from 1515 to 1830
glosses: A country in North Africa. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Capital and largest city: Algiers.
French or Colonial Algeria, from 1830 to 1962
glosses: A country in North Africa. Official name: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria. Capital and largest city: Algiers.
The People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, since 1962
Derived terms: Algerian
Algerine
Tunisia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /tjuːˈnɪzi.ə/
ipa: /tuˈniʒ.ə/
rhymes: -iːʒə
rhymes: -ɪziə
Etymology: From Tunis + -ia.
Senses: synonyms: mul:TN
mul:TUN
glosses: A country in North Africa. Capital: Tunis.
The Republic of Tunisia, since 1956.
synonyms: mul:TN
mul:TUN
glosses: A country in North Africa. Capital: Tunis.
Ottoman Tunisia; the Eyalet of Tunis, from 1534 to 1881.
synonyms: mul:TN
mul:TUN
glosses: A country in North Africa. Capital: Tunis.
French protectorate of Tunisia, from 1881 to 1956.
Related terms: Carthage
Libya
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: lĭbʹē-ə
ipa: /ˈlɪbi.ə/
rhymes: -ɪbiə
Etymology: From Latin Libya, from Ancient Greek Λιβύη (Libúē). Attested in English since the 16th century.
Senses: examples: text: He is one of the tens of thousands of Chadians who fled last year’s fighting in Libya and are now back in their homeland.
ref: 2012 April 18, David McKenzie, “Chad’s migrant workers pay price for Libya conflict”, in CNN:
glosses: A country in North Africa. Capital: Tripoli.
glosses: Africa; that is, the part of North Africa known in classical antiquity.
Derived terms: Libyan
State of Libya
Related terms: Tripoli
South Africa
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsaʊθ ˈæf.ɹɪ.kə/
ipa: [sɑɤ̯ˈθɛ̞frɘkə]
rhymes: -æfɹɪkə
Etymology: From Union of South Africa, the country's former official name, referring to its origin from the unification of four formerly separate British colonies.
Senses: examples: text: The facts show that the genocide President Donald Trump suggests might be happening is not happening – and that crime against White farmers in South Africa represents a tiny fraction of the country’s overall crime.
ref: 2025 May 21, Daniel Dale, “Fact check: Trump’s false suggestion of a ‘genocide’ against White farmers in South Africa”, in CNN:
glosses: A country in Southern Africa. Official name: Republic of South Africa. Capitals: Pretoria, Cape Town, and Bloemfontein.
examples: text: With the exception of the Portuguese Colonies, the Journal is franked to all parts of South Africa.
ref: 1901 March 15, The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 1, page 1:
glosses: Southern Africa (a region of Africa).
Synonyms: Republic of South Africa
Mzansi
Azania
Soufrica
SA
treaty
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹiːti/
ipa: /ˈtɹiti/
ipa: /-ɾi/
ipa: /ˈtɹiːti/
ipa: /ˈtɹiːəti/
rhymes: -iːti
Forms: form: treaties
form: treatying
form: treatied
form: treatied
Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English trete, trety (“bargaining, negotiation; discussion; conference, meeting; entreaty, persuasion; agreement, contract, covenant; arrangement, settlement; agreement between two rulers, states, etc.; written work on a particular subject, treatise; subdivision of a written work, section”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman treté, traité, treaté, and Old French traité, traitié [and other forms] (modern French traité (“agreement between two rulers, states, etc.; treatise”)); traité or traitié is:
* a noun use of the past participle of traiter (“to treat; to deal with, handle”), from Latin tractāre, the present active infinitive of tractō (“to drag, haul, tug; to handle, manage; to debate, discuss; to exercise, practise; to perform, transact”), from trahō (“to drag, pull”) + -tō (frequentative suffix); and
* also from Latin tractātum (“written work on a particular subject, treatise”), from Latin tractātus (“dragged, hauled, tugged; handled, managed; exercised, practised; performed, transacted”), the perfect passive participle of tractō (see above).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Senses: glosses: To get into (a specific situation) through a treaty.
glosses: To enter into a treaty.
Austria
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɒs.tɹɪə/
ipa: /ˈɔːs.tɹɪə/
ipa: /ˈɔs.tɹi.ə/
ipa: /ˈɑs.tɹi.ə/
ipa: /ˈɔs.tɹi.jɐ/
Etymology: From Latin Austria, a Latinization of Old High German Ōstarrīhhi, the first element of which means "east" and stems from Proto-Germanic *austraz (“eastern”), and the second element of which is rīhhi (“realm”). See east, eastern for more.
Distantly cognate to Australia: it derives from the same Proto-Indo-European root, but via Latin, where it came to mean “south” rather than “east”. Compare also Austrasia.
Senses: examples: text: Hungary, Austria and Poland are still refusing to participate in the resettlement plan, due to end in September. Other Eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Croatia and Slovakia, are only doing so on a limited basis, the commission said.
ref: 2017 March 2, Eliza Mackintosh, “No more excuses on resettling refugees, European Commission warns”, in CNN:
glosses: A country in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Austria. Capital and largest city: Vienna.
Related terms: Austria-Hungary
Austrian
Austro-Hungarian
Lower Austria
Upper Austria
Iceland
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪs.lənd/
note: Some speakers
ipa: [ˈaɪs.ln̩ʔd̚]
Etymology: From Middle English Iseland, Island, Islond, Yslond, a calque of Old Norse Ísland, equivalent to ice + land. Replaced earlier Old Norse Snæland (literally “snowland”).
Senses: glosses: An island and country in the North Atlantic Ocean in Europe.
Synonyms: topics: country
region
location
word: Republic of Iceland
Derived terms: Icelander
Icelandia
Icelandic
Icelandish
Icelandman
Republic of Iceland
Related terms: Icelander
Icelandish
Icelandman
Reykjavík
Iceland crystal
Icelandic cyprine
Iceland moss
Iceland spar
Malaysia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈleɪ̯ʒə/
ipa: /məˈleɪ̯ziə/
ipa: /məlejsiə/
ipa: /məlejʃə/
ipa: /mɐˈleɪ̯.ʃɐ/
Etymology: Etymology tree
Malay Melayuder.
English Malay
English Malays
English -ia
English Malaysia

From Malays + -ia, amended from the previous form, Malaya. The ⟨-s⟩ was added to honour the inclusion of Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo (Sabah) with Malaya in the formation of The Federation of Malaysia.
Senses: glosses: A country in Southeast Asia. Capital: Kuala Lumpur.
examples: text: For the purpose of topographical description, Malaysia may be divided into six groups of islands, namely — 1. Sumatra, and the smaller islands adjacent ; 2. The long chain of islands which extends east and west from the Strait of Sunda to New Guinea, including Java, Madura, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Comobo, Flares, Jindana or Sandelwood, Adenar, Solor, Lomblem, Pantar, Ombay, Timor, Semao, Rotte, Savu, Cambi, Wetter, Serwatty, Babba, Timorlaut, &c. ; 3. The Banda and Molucca Islands ; 4. Celebes and the smaller adjacent islands; 5. Borneo and adjacent islands; 6. The Philippine Islands.
ref: 1842, System of Descriptive Geography, Founded on the Works of Malte-Burn and Balbi, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, page 974:
glosses: The Malay Archipelago.
Derived terms: Bahasa Malaysia
Malaysian
Related terms: Countries of the world
Philippines
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: fĭlʹĭ-pēnz
ipa: /ˈfɪl.ɪ.piːnz/
ipa: /ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/
ipa: /ˈfɪl.ɪ.paɪnz/
enpr: fĭlʹə-pēnz
ipa: /ˈfɪl.ə.piːnz/
ipa: /ˈfi.lip.pins/
ipa: /ˈfi.li.pins/
ipa: /ˈpi.lip.pins/
ipa: /ˈpi.li.pins/
Forms: form: the Philippines
Etymology: See Name of the Philippines in Wikipedia for a complete etymology.
Borrowed from French Philippines, originally from Spanish Filipinas, which was from Felipe (the name of a king of Spain). By surface analysis, Philip + -ine + -s.
Senses: glosses: An archipelago of Southeast Asia.
examples: text: The rolling Chocolate Hills of Bohol in the Philippines could easily be mistaken for a child’s landscape drawing.
ref: 2025 April 22, Joe Minihane, “24 of the world’s most unusual landscapes”, in CNN:
text: Among the frontrunners before the conclave began were Pietro Parolin, the Vatican’s secretary of state; Luis Antonio Tagle, a reformer from the Philippines; Péter Erdő, a traditionalist from Hungary; Robert Sarah, a cardinal from Guinea who criticised Francis’s papacy; and the moderate US cardinal Robert Prevost.
ref: 2025 May 8, Angela Giuffrida and Harriet Sherwood, “White smoke from Sistine Chapel chimney signals election of new pope”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A country in Southeast Asia. Official name: Republic of the Philippines. Capital: Manila.
Synonyms: Filippines
Pilipinas
Pinas
Derived terms: Christmas Capital of the Philippines
Culinary Capital of the Philippines
Rice Bowl of the Philippines
Salad Bowl of the Philippines
Summer Capital of the Philippines
Related terms: Filipina
Filipinas
Philippine
Phils
PI
Tagalog
Countries of the world
Solomon Islands
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɒləmən ˈaɪləndz/
ipa: /ˈsɒl.ə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/
ipa: /ˈsɑ.lə.mən ˈaɪ.ləndz/
Forms: form: the Solomon Islands
Etymology: After King Solomon, whose mines of immense wealth Álvaro de Mendaña y Neira hoped to find when he named it in 1567 or 1568.
Senses: glosses: A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands. Official name: Solomon Islands. Capital and largest city: Honiara.
glosses: An archipelago in Melanesia, split between the countries of the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea.
Related terms: Honiara
Countries of the world
inflation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: inflations
Etymology: From Middle English, borrowed from Old French inflation (“swelling”), from Latin īnflātiō (“expansion", "blowing up”), from īnflātus, the perfect passive participle of īnflō (“blow into, expand”), from in (“into”) + flō (“blow”). By surface analysis, inflate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: The inflation of the balloon took five hours.
glosses: An act, instance of, or state of expansion or increase in size, especially by injection of a gas or liquid.
examples: text: Due to inflation, the monthly gym fee is rising by 10% from January.
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: An increase in the quantity of money, leading to a devaluation of existing money, adjusted for by way of higher nominal values.
glosses: Undue expansion or increase, as of academic grades.
topics: astronomy
cosmology
natural-sciences
glosses: An extremely rapid expansion of the universe, theorized to have occurred very shortly after the Big Bang.
Derived terms: agflation
anti-inflation
Bidenflation
bottleneck inflation
cheapflation
core inflation
cost-push inflation
counter-inflation
credential inflation
cumflation
demand-pull inflation
disinflation
eggflation
excuseflation
foodflation
friendflation
grade inflation
greedflation
greenflation
halalflation
headline inflation
hoeflation
hyperinflation
inflatino
Inflation
inflationary
inflationism
inflationist
inflationless
inflationproof
inflaton
Justinflation
lifestyle inflation
mudflation
overinflation
preinflation
reinflation
sagflation
shelflation
shitflation
shrinkflation
size inflation
skimpflation
slumpflation
sneakflation
stagflation
stretchflation
superinflation
taxflation
taxonomic inflation
tipflation
Trumpflation
underinflation
wage-push inflation
white inflation theory
Related terms: conflation
deflation
inflate
reflation
core inflation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: core inflations
Senses: examples: text: So-called core inflation is still rising. Signs of everyday decay – suddenly reduced postal services, the dependably dire state of public transport, local councils hitting the financial skids – are everywhere.
ref: 2023 June 25, John Harris, “Britain is used to crises now. But this widespread hopelessness is new – and frightening”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: Inflation excluding the increase or decrease of prices in some transitory sectors (usually food and energy).
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: Inflation excluding energy, food, alcohol and tobacco prices.
raw_tags: in the Eurozone
stickiness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stickinesses
Etymology: From sticky + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: […] The flesh [of the mistletoe berry] is sticky, and forms strings and ribbons between my thumb and forefinger. For the mistletoe, this viscous goop – and by the way, viscous comes to English from viscum – is crucial. The stickiness means that, after eating the berries, birds often regurgitate the seeds and then wipe their bills on twigs – leading to the seeds' getting glued to the tree, where they can germinate and begin the cycle anew.
ref: 2014 December 23, Olivia Judson, “The hemiparasite season [print version: Under the hemiparasite, International New York Times, 24–25 December 2014, page 7]”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 23 Dec 2014:
glosses: The property of sticking or adhering; adhesion.
glosses: Warmth and humidity, as on a muggy day.
topics: economics
sciences
glosses: Of prices or wages: the tendency to stay the same despite changes in the economy.
examples: text: The stickiness of a cellphone might be measured by its ability to tell correct time, locate its user, and allow its user to remain connected regardless of location.
topics: business
marketing
qualifier: interface design
glosses: The presence of unique attributes that make a product indisposable and valuable to its owner.
examples: text: The low stickiness rating helped explain why our ad’s brand linkage rating was so low: people were turned off by the blurriness of the main photo.
topics: advertising
business
marketing
glosses: A research measure that captures the extent to which viewers wish to spend more time looking at or reading a print advertisement.
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: An overemotional attachment to others; clinging in interpersonal relations; difficulty with ending conversations.
Related terms: advertising
attention
brand linkage
copy testing
unemployment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/
Forms: form: unemployments
Etymology: From un- + employment.
Senses: examples: text: Unemployment made Jack depressed.
text: In 1928, an arrangement was made between the Government of Northern Ireland and the N.C.C. for the construction of a loop line as an unemployment scheme.
ref: 1944 May and June, R. H. W. Bruce, “The L.M.S.R. in Northern Ireland—I”, in Railway Magazine, page 147:
glosses: The state of having no job; joblessness.
examples: text: Unemployment has been considered a cause of crime.
glosses: The phenomenon of joblessness in an economy.
examples: text: Unemployment was reported at 5.2% in May, up from 4.9% in April.
glosses: The level of joblessness in an economy, often measured as a percentage of the workforce.
examples: text: All unemployments, seasonal, frictional, cyclical, classical, whatever, mean that you're out of work.
glosses: A type of joblessness due to a particular economic mechanism.
examples: text: Until then his life had consisted of low-paying jobs, numerous unemployments, and drug use.
glosses: An instance or period of joblessness.
Synonyms: joblessness
worklessness
unwork
Hyponyms: classical unemployment
cyclical unemployment
frictional unemployment
funemployment
Marxian unemployment
search unemployment
seasonal unemployment
structural unemployment
technological unemployment
wait unemployment
Coordinate terms: disemployment
misemployment
Derived terms: antiunemployment
classical unemployment
cyclical unemployment
frictional unemployment
funemployment
Marxian unemployment
search unemployment
seasonal unemployment
structural unemployment
technological unemployment
unemployment benefit
unemployment benefits
unemployment insurance
unemployment rate
unemployment scheme
unemployment trap
wait unemployment
Related terms: unemployed
wage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /weɪd͡ʒ/
rhymes: -eɪdʒ
Forms: form: wages
Etymology: From Middle English wage, from Anglo-Norman wage, from Old Northern French wage, a northern variant of Old French gauge, guage (whence modern French gage), Medieval Latin wadium, from Frankish *waddī (cognate with Old English wedd), from Proto-Germanic *wadją (“pledge”), from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to pledge, redeem a pledge”). Akin to Old Norse veðja (“to pledge”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌹 (wadi), Dutch wedde. Compare also the doublet gage. More at wed.
Senses: examples: text: Before her promotion, her wages were 20% less.
glosses: An amount of money paid to a worker for a specified quantity of work, usually calculated on an hourly basis and expressed in an amount of money per hour.
Synonyms: earnings
pay
salary
Derived terms: board wage
college wage premium
family wage
hangman's wages
hourly wage
living wage
lost wages
maximum wage
minimum wage
shadow real wage
slave to the wage
slave wage
starvation wage
time wage
tip wage credit
union wage premium
wage bill
wage credit
wage drift
wage earner
wage-fund doctrine
wage labor
wage laborer
wage labour
wage labourer
wage moderation
wage packet
wage premium
wage-push inflation
wage scale
wage share
wage slave
wage slavery
wage stop
wage theft
wage thief
wage-worthy
currently
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkʌɹn̩tli/
ipa: /ˈkʌɹn̩tli/
ipa: /kɝn̩tli/
Forms: form: more currently
form: most currently
Etymology: From current + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: All the beds of the hotel are currently occupied, but we have a free room tomorrow.
text: I'm currently living with my parents while I find a new job.
text: He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record. With this biological framework in place, Corning endeavors to show that the capitalist system as currently practiced in the United States and elsewhere is manifestly unfair.
ref: 2012 March-April, John T. Jost, “Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, archived from the original on 13 Feb 2012, page 162:
text: CBP told CNN it currently processes “nearly 4 million duty-free de minimis shipments a day.”
ref: 2025 May 2, Elisabeth Buchwald and Ramishah Maruf, “A massive tariff on millions of Americans’ purchases just went into effect — cue the chaos”, in CNN:
glosses: At this moment, at present, now.
Synonyms: word: anymore
word: any more
word: at present
word: at the minute
word: at the moment
word: at this moment in time
word: atm
word: currently
word: just now
word: now
word: nowadays
word: presently
word: right now
word: these days
Hyponyms: word: immediately
word: today
Related terms: word: in this day and age
now
Language: English
Part of speech: conj
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒ/
ipa: /naʊ/
ipa: /naʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /næʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /nɛʊ/
ipa: /nuː/
rhymes: -aʊ
homophone: nao
Forms: form: nowe
Etymology: From Middle English now, nou, nu, from Old English nū, from Proto-West Germanic *nū, from Proto-Germanic *nu, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”). Doublet of nu ("well?").
Cognates
Cognate with Scots noo, nou, now (“now”), Yola neow, now, nowe (“now”), North Frisian nü (“now”), Saterland Frisian nu (“now”), West Frisian no (“now”), Dutch nu, nou (“now”), German nu, nun (“now”), Limburgish noe, Nuu (“now”), Danish, Swedish nu (“now”), Elfdalian nų (“now”), Faroese nú, núgv (“now”), Icelandic nú, núna (“now”), Norwegian Bokmål nu, nå (“now”), Norwegian Nynorsk no, nu, nå (“now”), Gothic 𐌽𐌿 (nu, “now”), Latin num (“even now, whether”), Latin nunc (“now”), Albanian ni (“now”), Lithuanian nù (“now”), Avestan 𐬥𐬏 (nū, “now”), Sanskrit नु (nu, “now”).
Senses: examples: text: Now all the children have grown up and left, the house is very quiet.
text: Now that my sister has gotten rid of their cat, we can go to her house this coming Thanksgiving.
text: We can play football now that the rain has stopped.
text: Now that you mention it, I am kind of hungry.
text: Now that we're all here, let's start the meeting.
glosses: Since, because, in light of the fact.
raw_tags: with that
now
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒ/
ipa: /naʊ/
ipa: /naʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /næʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /nɛʊ/
ipa: /nuː/
rhymes: -aʊ
homophone: nao
Forms: form: now!
form: nowe
Etymology: From Middle English now, nou, nu, from Old English nū, from Proto-West Germanic *nū, from Proto-Germanic *nu, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”). Doublet of nu ("well?").
Cognates
Cognate with Scots noo, nou, now (“now”), Yola neow, now, nowe (“now”), North Frisian nü (“now”), Saterland Frisian nu (“now”), West Frisian no (“now”), Dutch nu, nou (“now”), German nu, nun (“now”), Limburgish noe, Nuu (“now”), Danish, Swedish nu (“now”), Elfdalian nų (“now”), Faroese nú, núgv (“now”), Icelandic nú, núna (“now”), Norwegian Bokmål nu, nå (“now”), Norwegian Nynorsk no, nu, nå (“now”), Gothic 𐌽𐌿 (nu, “now”), Latin num (“even now, whether”), Latin nunc (“now”), Albanian ni (“now”), Lithuanian nù (“now”), Avestan 𐬥𐬏 (nū, “now”), Sanskrit नु (nu, “now”).
Senses: examples: text: Now! Fire all we've got while the enemy is in reach!
glosses: Indicates a signal to begin.
now
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒ/
ipa: /naʊ/
ipa: /naʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /næʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /nɛʊ/
ipa: /nuː/
rhymes: -aʊ
homophone: nao
Forms: form: nows
form: nowe
Etymology: From Middle English now, nou, nu, from Old English nū, from Proto-West Germanic *nū, from Proto-Germanic *nu, from Proto-Indo-European *nū (“now”). Doublet of nu ("well?").
Cognates
Cognate with Scots noo, nou, now (“now”), Yola neow, now, nowe (“now”), North Frisian nü (“now”), Saterland Frisian nu (“now”), West Frisian no (“now”), Dutch nu, nou (“now”), German nu, nun (“now”), Limburgish noe, Nuu (“now”), Danish, Swedish nu (“now”), Elfdalian nų (“now”), Faroese nú, núgv (“now”), Icelandic nú, núna (“now”), Norwegian Bokmål nu, nå (“now”), Norwegian Nynorsk no, nu, nå (“now”), Gothic 𐌽𐌿 (nu, “now”), Latin num (“even now, whether”), Latin nunc (“now”), Albanian ni (“now”), Lithuanian nù (“now”), Avestan 𐬥𐬏 (nū, “now”), Sanskrit नु (nu, “now”).
Senses: examples: text: Now is the right time.
text: There is no better time than now.
glosses: The present time.
examples: text: She is living in the now.
synonyms: word: here and now
word: as-is
word: here and now
word: present
word: now
glosses: The state of not paying attention to the future or the past.
raw_tags: with the
examples: text: Forever is composed of Nows— / 'T is not a different time, / Except for infiniteness / And latitude of home.
ref: a. 1887 (date written), Emily Dickinson, “Forever is composed of Nows”, in Martha Dickinson Bianchi and Alfred Leete Hampson, editors, Further Poems of Emily Dickinson, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, and Company, published 1929, page 25:
text: Time is not thrust together and summed up out of nows, but the reverse: with reference to the now we can articulate the stretching out of time always only in specific ways.
ref: 1982, Albert Hofstadter, The Basic Problems of Phenomenology, translation of original by Martin Heidegger, page 249:
glosses: A particular instant in time, as perceived at that instant.
raw_tags: in phenomenology
Derived terms: eternal now
now
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɒ/
ipa: /naʊ/
ipa: /naʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /næʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /nɛʊ/
ipa: /nuː/
rhymes: -aʊ
homophone: nao
Etymology: See know.
Senses: examples: raw_tags: intended: I don't know.
text: I don't now.
glosses: Misspelling of know.
bank
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bæŋk/
note: /æ/ raising
ipa: [beɪŋk]
rhymes: -æŋk
Forms: form: banks
form: banking
form: banked
form: banked
form: banck
form: bancke
form: banke
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.
Proto-Germanic *bankiz
Proto-West Germanic *banki
Lombardic bankbor.
Italian bancabor.
Middle French banqueder.
English bank
From Middle English banke, from Middle French banque, from Italian banca (“counter, moneychanger's bench or table”), from Lombardic bank (“bench, counter”), from Proto-West Germanic *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench, counter”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to turn, curve, bend, bow”). Doublet of bench, banc, and banco.
For the bench-bank relation, compare typologically Russian ла́вка (lávka), прила́вок (prilávok).
Senses: examples: text: He banked with Barclays.
text: the sort of face you would happily bank with
ref: 1979, Douglas Adams, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy:
glosses: To deal with a bank or financial institution, or for an institution to provide financial services to a client.
examples: text: I’m going to bank the money.
glosses: To put into a bank.
examples: text: Johnny banked some coke for me.
glosses: To conceal in the rectum for use in prison.
examples: text: They proposed an ambitious plan to bank people in remote rural communities.
text: For quotations using this term, see Citations:bank.
topics: business
finance
glosses: To provide banking services to.
Derived terms: bankable
banked
banker
banking
bank on
debank
double-banked
bank
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bæŋk/
note: /æ/ raising
ipa: [beɪŋk]
rhymes: -æŋk
Forms: form: banks
form: banking
form: banked
form: banked
form: banck
form: bancke
form: banke
Etymology: From Middle English bank, banke, from Old English *banca (“bench”) (attested in Old English hōbanca (“couch”) and Old English banc (“bank, hillock, embankment”), from Proto-West Germanic *bankō, from Proto-Germanic *bankô. Akin to Old Norse bakki (“elevation, hill”), Norwegian bakke (“slope, hill”).
Senses: topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: To roll or incline laterally in order to turn.
glosses: To cause (an aircraft) to bank.
examples: text: to bank sand
glosses: To form into a bank or heap, to bank up.
examples: text: […] clouds banking above the gravel road, their flat slate-blue bottoms threatening freezing rain or an early snowfall.
ref: 2011 December 14, Sandra Birdsell, The Chrome Suite, Emblem Editions, →ISBN:
synonyms: bank up
glosses: To form a bank; to gather in masses.
raw_tags: of clouds
glosses: To cover the embers of a fire with ashes in order to retain heat.
examples: text: Aristoma∣chus would haue them to be stript from their leaues in winter, & in any hand to be banked well about, that the water stand not there in any hollow furrow or hole lower than the other ground
ref: 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:
glosses: To raise a mound or dike about; to enclose, defend, or fortify with a bank; to embank.
examples: text: Have I not heard these islanders shout out / Vive le roi! as I have banked their towns?
ref: c. 1595, William Shakespeare, King John, act 5, scene 2:
glosses: To pass by the banks of.
examples: text: Some interesting facts have recently been made known by the L.N.E.R. concerning the 178-ton Garratt 2-8-0 + 0-8-2 engine No. 2395, which since construction in 1925 has spent the whole of its working life banking coal trains up the 3 miles of 1 in 40 between Wentworth junction and West Silkstone, on the Worsborough branch, near Barnsley.
ref: 1942 March, “Notes and News: Locomotive Notes”, in Railway Magazine, page 93:
text: [...] the 4-4-0 unhappily stalled after a stop on Reading Old Bank with its eight-coach load and the Reading Up Line pilot, a "Hall", had to bank the train into Reading General.
ref: 1960 July, “Motive Power Miscellany: Western Region”, in Trains Illustrated, page 443:
text: Soon after leaving Bebra the line rises, mostly at 1 in 74, for 7 miles to Cornberg and all trains of over 400 tons are banked.
ref: 1960 September, P. Ransome-Wallis, “Modern motive power of the German Federal Railway: Part One”, in Trains Ilustrated, page 558:
topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
glosses: To provide additional power for a train ascending a bank (incline) by attaching another locomotive.
Derived terms: bank-and-turn indicator
turn-and-bank indicator
bank
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bæŋk/
note: /æ/ raising
ipa: [beɪŋk]
rhymes: -æŋk
Forms: form: banks
form: banck
form: bancke
form: banke
Etymology: From Middle English bank, banke, from Old French banc (“bench”), from Frankish *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”). Akin to Old English benċ (“bench”).
Senses: examples: text: a bank of switches
text: a bank of pay phones
text: Wanderers were finally woken from their slumber when Kevin Davies brought a fine save out of Brad Guzan while, minutes after the restart, Klasnic was blocked out by a bank of Villa defenders.
ref: 2011 December 10, Marc Higginson, “Bolton 1 - 2 Aston Villa”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: A row or panel of items stored or grouped together.
glosses: A row of keys on a musical keyboard or the equivalent on a typewriter keyboard.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A contiguous block of memory that is of fixed, hardware-dependent size, but often larger than a page and partitioning the memory such that two distinct banks do not overlap.
qualifier: pinball
glosses: A set of multiple adjacent drop targets.
Synonyms: sense: row or panel of items; row
word: line
sense: row or panel of items
word: rank
sense: row or panel of items
word: tier
sense: row or panel of items; panel
word: block
sense: row or panel of items
word: grid
sense: row or panel of items
word: panel
Derived terms: double-bank
filter bank
filterbank
optical bank
phone bank
bank
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bæŋk/
note: /æ/ raising
ipa: [beɪŋk]
rhymes: -æŋk
Forms: form: banks
form: banking
form: banked
form: banked
form: banck
form: bancke
form: banke
Etymology: From Middle English bank, banke, from Old French banc (“bench”), from Frankish *banki, from Proto-Germanic *bankiz (“bench”). Akin to Old English benċ (“bench”).
Senses: qualifier: order and arrangement
glosses: To arrange or order in a row.