cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
undeniable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.(j)ə.bəɫ/
ipa: /ˌʌn.dɪˈnaɪ.ə.bl̩/
rhymes: -aɪəbəl
Etymology: From un- + deny + -able, compare deniable.
Senses: examples: text: Some believe that there is undeniable evidence of UFOs.
text: After all, it is undeniable that the B.R. standard coach scored highly in comparative trials with other European railway vehicles on the Continent a few years ago, so that B.R. civil engineers must share responsibility for any defects in its behaviour over here.
ref: 1960 December, “Talking of Trains: The riding of B.R. coaches”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 705–706:
text: If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the[…]hazards of gasoline cars: air and water pollution, noise and noxiousness, constant coughing and the undeniable rise in cancers caused by smoke exhaust particulates.
ref: 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:
text: The connection between dictionaries and standardised forms of language is undeniable, yet, at the same time, not well understood.
ref: 2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes, page 18:
text: The dispatches […] also exposed the blatant discrepancy between the west's professed values and actual foreign policies. Having lectured the Arab world about democracy for years, its collusion in suppressing freedom was undeniable as protesters were met by weaponry and tear gas made in the west, employed by a military trained by westerners.
ref: 2013 June 7, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 18:
synonyms: indeniable
glosses: Irrefutable, or impossible to deny.
Related terms: indisputable
nondeniable
undisputable
unquestionable
under fire
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌndɚ faɪɚ/
ipa: /ˈʌndə faɪə/
Senses: examples: text: courage under fire
text: coolness under fire
text: Enlisted personnel are thoroughly trained and stay calm under fire. Turian units don't break. Even if their entire line collapses, they fall back in order, setting ambushes as they go.
ref: 2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Turians: Military Doctrine Codex entry:
glosses: Subjected to enemy attack with firearms.
examples: text: grace under fire
text: The clerk had, I'm afraid, a shrew of a wife—shrill, vehement, and fluent. […] He had learned, by long experience, the best tactique under fire: he became actually taciturn; or, if he spoke, his speech was laconic and enigmatical; sometimes throwing out a proverb, and sometimes a text; and sometimes when provoked past endurance, spouting mildly a little bit of meek and venomous irony.
ref: 1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:
text: Meanwhile, the government's own Human Services department is under fire from the Ombudsman for its failure to protect children in its care.
ref: 2009, Michael O'Connor, Quadrant, November 2009, No. 461 (Volume LIII, Number 11), Quadrant Magazine Limited, page 2
text: Over the past two years, particularly in 2018, Network Rail has come under fire about its approaches to trackside tree-felling across its 52,000-hectare estate. Conservationists accused it of wanton destruction.
ref: 2020 June 3, Andrew Mourant, “A safer railway in a greener habitat”, in Rail, page 58:
glosses: Criticized or held responsible for something.
Related terms: word: under the gun
word: under the magnifying glass
word: under the microscope
under protest
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: I'm washing up under protest because it's not my turn.
glosses: while protesting
topics: law
glosses: of a payment made subject to dispute
glosses: Without full agreement.
undercarriage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌndɚˌkɛɹɪd͡ʒ/
ipa: /ˈʌndəˌkæɹɪd͡ʒ/
Forms: form: undercarriages
Etymology: From under- + carriage.
Senses: examples: text: The solution to coach riding defects, at least, seems to require much more co-operative practical experiment by all engineering departments to achieve better sympathy between the vehicle body, its undercarriage and the track on which it rides.
ref: 1960 December, “The riding of B.R. coaches”, in Trains Illustrated, page 706:
glosses: The supporting structural framework of a vehicle.
glosses: The landing gear of an aircraft.
glosses: The genitalia.
underclothes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: under clothes
Etymology: From under + clothes.
Senses: glosses: clothes worn next to the skin and underneath outer clothing
Synonyms: underwear
undies
smalls
unmentionables
Coordinate terms: overclothes
Related terms: undercloth
boxers
bra
briefs
corset
girdle
long johns
panties
shorts
skivvies
slip
under cover
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: When it started to rain we got under cover.
text: As these [diesel] trains have to be shedded under cover at night, four additional outdoor standage roads are being provided for stabling of electric rolling stock after inspection in the shed.
ref: 1956 October, “Recent Changes on the Tyneside Electrified Lines”, in Railway Magazine, page 662:
glosses: Protected by a covering or shelter.
Related terms: undercover
undercut
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌndə(ɹ)kʌt/
ipa: /ˈʊndə(ɹ)kʊt/
ipa: /ˌʌndə(ɹ)ˈkʌt/
ipa: /ʊndə(ɹ)ˈkʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
Forms: form: undercuts
Etymology: From Middle English undercutten, equivalent to under- + cut.
Senses: glosses: A cut made in the lower part of something; the material so removed.
glosses: The notch cut in a tree to direct its fall when being felled.
glosses: The underside of a sirloin of beef; the fillet.
examples: text: Maybe it’s true that “the Left can’t meme,” if “the Left” refers to the earnest suburban revolutionary with an undercut and a nose ring who typically stalks your replies on X.
ref: 2024 June 18, Spencer Klavan, “A Matter of Taste”, in The American Mind:
glosses: A hairstyle that is shaved or clipped short on the sides and kept long on the top.
glosses: A blow dealt upward.
glosses: A section of a mold or pattern with negative draft angle
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
motor-racing
racing
sports
antonyms: overcut
glosses: A pit stop strategy in which a driver seeks to gain an advantage over someone by pitting before them and using fresh tyres to make up time.
glosses: The continuation of the saddle of a rabbit's coat toward the front legs.
undercut
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌndə(ɹ)kʌt/
ipa: /ˈʊndə(ɹ)kʊt/
ipa: /ˌʌndə(ɹ)ˈkʌt/
ipa: /ʊndə(ɹ)ˈkʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
Forms: form: undercuts
form: undercutting
form: undercut
form: undercut
Etymology: From Middle English undercutten, equivalent to under- + cut.
Senses: examples: text: The fact that, to cover low tariffs on bulk commodities, the railways have to charge very high rates on high-value goods, such as manufactures, has provided road operators with a golden opportunity to undercut the railway.
ref: 1959 November, J. N. Westwood, “The Railways of Canada”, in Trains Illustrated, page 555:
synonyms: undersell
glosses: To sell (something) at a lower price, or to work for lower wages, than a competitor.
glosses: To create an overhang by cutting away material from underneath.
examples: text: Though Bane’s sing-song voice gives his pronouncements a funny lilt, he doesn’t have any of the Joker’s deranged wit, and Nolan isn’t interested in undercutting his seriousness for the sake of a breezier entertainment.
ref: 2012 July 18, Scott Tobias, “The Dark Knight Rises”, in AV Club:
glosses: To undermine.
glosses: To strike a heavy blow upward.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
motor-racing
racing
sports
glosses: To employ the undercut strategy.
examples: text: This was a very generous way of describing the swarm of cables, kit-bashed thaumatic cores, Noogenic foci and para-technological inverters, all surrounded by an astoundingly complex cognitohazardous sigil and multiple ontological anchors. This, simultaneously, simplified the interdisciplinary effort that had swelled in a miniscule amount of time, and undercut the sheer conceptual impact this could leave in all of their respective fields.
ref: 2025 February 4, Queerious, “Don't Let Them Forget”, in SCP Foundation, archived from the original on 28 Feb 2025:
glosses: To downplay or minimize.
undercut
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌndə(ɹ)kʌt/
ipa: /ˈʊndə(ɹ)kʊt/
ipa: /ˌʌndə(ɹ)ˈkʌt/
ipa: /ʊndə(ɹ)ˈkʊt/
rhymes: -ʌt
Etymology: From Middle English undercutten, equivalent to under- + cut.
Senses: glosses: Produced by undercutting.
glosses: Designed so as to cut from the underside.
glosses: Having the parts in relief cut under.
underdeveloped
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more underdeveloped
form: most underdeveloped
Senses: glosses: immature and not fully developed
glosses: having a low level of economic productivity and technological sophistication
topics: arts
hobbies
lifestyle
photography
glosses: of a film that has had insufficient development before being fixed
underdeveloped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of underdevelop
underdone
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ʌn
Forms: form: more underdone
form: most underdone
Etymology: From under- + done.
Senses: examples: text: ‘Now,’ he turned back to the menu, ‘I myself will accompany Mademoiselle with the caviar, but then I would like a very small tournedos, underdone, with sauce Béarnaise and a cœur d’artichaut.[…]’
ref: 1953, Ian Fleming, chapter 8, in Casino Royale, page 47:
glosses: insufficiently cooked; undercooked
underestimate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.meɪt/
Forms: form: underestimates
form: underestimating
form: underestimated
form: underestimated
Etymology: From under- + estimate.
Senses: examples: text: It recalls the business case for Scotland's reopening of the Borders Railway to Tweedbank, that British Rail closed in 1969. The review says the business case for this was at best borderline, but goes on to say that the case greatly underestimated passenger demand and that the railway Scotland built has capped its capacity.
ref: 2023 September 6, Philip Haigh, “£30 billion plan to transform the rail network in Ireland”, in RAIL, number 991, page 25:
glosses: To estimate too low; to perceive (someone or something) as having a lower value, quantity, worth, etc., than what he/she/it actually has.
examples: text: I totally underestimated the task.
text: My point, therefore, in beginning with what everyone knows are the two main views of Othello (and hence Othello) is not to adjudicate between them, nor to dismiss both, nor to fence-sit, but to suggest that each answers to something important in the play – which also means that each underestimates something important as well.
ref: 1980, Jane Adamson, Othello As Tragedy: Some Problems of Judgement and Feeling, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 12:
text: Both egg dishes were accompanied by roasted baby red potatoes and fresh, baked-on-the-premises orange spice muffins with a pot of whipped butter. We cannot underestimate the gustatorial importance of the potato side dish.
ref: 1985 April 27, Sue Hyde, “Sunday Brunch with a Harbor View”, in Gay Community News, page 8:
text: I was alone when I read Ward’s piece, horizontal in bed after a long day, and it occurred to me that he might be misdiagnosing some of the reasons people appear to be spending more time alone, possibly underestimating the strength of virtual connections.
ref: 2022 March 12, Jessica Grose, “We’re Spending More Time Alone. Maybe It’s Because We’re Exhausted.”, in The New York Times:
glosses: To perceive or expect (someone or something) to be less significant or difficult than it actually is.
Synonyms: belittle
make light of
misjudge
misunderestimate
sell short
Coordinate terms: understate
Derived terms: misunderestimate
nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people
nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people
underestimate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mɪt/
ipa: /ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mət/
Forms: form: underestimates
Etymology: From under- + estimate.
Senses: glosses: An estimate that is too low.
Synonyms: underestimation
undergraduate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: undergraduates
Etymology: From under- + graduate.
Senses: examples: text: Daniel Hajas is a physics undergraduate at Sussex and has been blind since he was 16. He first heard about Giles and the SSDs when Giles was looking for blind students to test the devices.
ref: 2017 October 10, Vanessa Potter, “My sudden synesthesia: how I went blind and started hearing colors”, in CNN:
glosses: A student at a university who has not yet received a degree.
undergraduate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From under- + graduate.
Senses: examples: text: After completing my undergraduate studies, I embarked on a career in publishing.
glosses: Of, relating to, or being an undergraduate.
Synonyms: english: unusual
translation: unusual
word: pregraduate
Coordinate terms: graduand
rebellion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɪˈbɛl.i.ən/
rhymes: -ɛliən
Forms: form: rebellions
Etymology: From Middle English rebellioun, rebellion, from Old French rebellion, from Latin rebelliō. Equivalent for rebel + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: The government is doing its best to stop rebellion in the country.
glosses: Armed resistance to an established government or ruler.
examples: text: Having a tattoo was Mathilda's personal rebellion against her parents.
glosses: Defiance of authority or control; the act of rebelling.
examples: text: The army general led a successful rebellion and became president of the country.
glosses: An organized, forceful subversion of the law of the land in an attempt to replace it with another form of government.
Synonyms: uprising
Derived terms: armed rebellion
Related terms: rebel
rebellious
blimming
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɪmɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪmɪŋ
Forms: form: blimmin'
Etymology: Modification of blooming.
Senses: examples: text: I don't want to buy any blimming brushes, so kindly go away!
glosses: Blooming (as an intensifier).
Synonyms: word: bloody
english: American
translation: American
word: darn
blimming
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblɪmɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪmɪŋ
Forms: form: blimmin'
Etymology: Modification of blooming.
Senses: glosses: Very; blooming.
graduand
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuːˌænd/
ipa: /ɡɹædjuːˈænd/
Forms: form: graduands
Etymology: Attested since 1882. From Medieval Latin graduandus, gerundive of graduō (“to graduate”).
Senses: examples: 2005, Mike Amos, Proud Return of the Pigeon Boy, Northern Echo (Darlington, UK); Jul 14, 2005.
In order to add jollity to the proceedings, said the dean, each graduand would find beneath his seat a little tub of bubbles, complete with mortar board cap.
glosses: A student who has completed the requirements for, but has not yet been awarded, a particular degree.
Coordinate terms: graduate
chuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/
rhymes: -ʌkəl
Forms: form: chuckles
Etymology: From chuck + -le.
Senses: synonyms: chortle
giggle
snigger
titter
glosses: A quiet laugh.
chuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/
rhymes: -ʌkəl
Forms: form: chuckles
form: chuckling
form: chuckled
form: chuckled
Etymology: From chuck + -le.
Senses: glosses: To laugh quietly or inwardly.
examples: text: She chuckled her assent to my offer as she got in the car.
glosses: To communicate through chuckling.
glosses: To make the sound of a chicken; to cluck.
examples: text: if these Birds are within distance, here's that will chuckle 'em together
ref: 1690, [John] Dryden, Don Sebastian, King of Portugal: […], London: […] Jo. Hindmarsh, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):
glosses: To call together, or call to follow, as a hen calls her chickens; to cluck.
glosses: To fondle; to indulge or pamper.
Synonyms: sense: to laugh quietly
word: laugh
sense: to fondle
word: grope
word: pet
word: touch up
word: fondle
sense: to pamper
word: coddle
word: posset
word: pamper
Derived terms: chucklebutt
chucklefuck
chuckleheaded
chuckler
chucklesome
chuckleworthy
chucklingly
chuckle
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/
rhymes: -ʌkəl
Forms: form: more chuckle
form: most chuckle
Etymology: Perhaps from chock (“a log”).
Senses: glosses: Clumsy.
Derived terms: chucklehead
cellule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɛljuːl/
Forms: form: cellules
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin cellula (“a small apartment”), diminutive of cella.
Senses: examples: text: Their structure in these two species does not resemble that of the cellules.
ref: 1984, T.L. Simpson, The Cell Biology of Sponges:
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A small cell.
Derived terms: cellulate
cellulation
celluliferous
cellulifugal
cellulipetal
Related terms: cellulite
cellulose
psephologist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /səˈfɒlədʒɪst/
Forms: form: psephologists
Etymology: From psephology + -ist.
Senses: glosses: An expert in psephology.
by-election
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: by-elections
form: bye-election
form: byelection
Etymology: From by- (“side, secondary, ancillary”) + election.
Senses: examples: text: Coordinate term: general election
text: In 2015, he was selected as candidate for that year's by-election for the Oldham West and Royton seat. He won with 62% of the vote.
ref: 2020 June 17, Jim McMahon tells Richard Clinnick, “Stepping out of the shadows”, in Rail, page 39:
text: The ANC has accused the IFP of bussing in voters from other wards to vote during the recent Newcastle Municipality by-election won by the IFP.
ref: 2024 March 14, Clive Ndou, “ANC set to open case against ‘ghost IFP voters’”, in The Witness:
synonyms: word: bypoll
word: special election
glosses: An election held to fill a political office that has become vacant between general elections.
canvasser
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæn.vəs.ə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: canvassers
Etymology: From canvass + -er.
Senses: glosses: Someone who goes through a region soliciting votes in an election, or conducting a public opinion poll.
topics: government
politics
qualifier: obsolete except US
glosses: A person who scrutinizes the ballot in an election.
Derived terms: book canvasser
alembic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈlɛm.bɪk/
Forms: form: alembics
form: alembick
form: limbeck
Etymology: From French alambic, from Medieval Latin alembīcus, from Arabic الإِنْبِيق (al-ʔinbīq), from Ancient Greek ἄμβιξ (ámbix, “cup, cap of a still”). Doublet of ambix and lambic.
Senses: examples: text: Ideal beauty is not the mind’s creation: it is real beauty, refined and purified in the mind’s alembic, from the alloy which always more or less accompanies it in our mixed and imperfect nature.
ref: 1818, Thomas Love Peacock, Nightmare Abbey, chapter 11:
text: Thus is Art, a nature passed through the alembic of man.
ref: 1836, Emerson, Nature, Chapter 3:
text: The great physiologist Schwann, for instance, who died in 1882, maintained that there was an insurmountable barrier between us and those whom Michelet calls our inferior brethren. To him animals were alembics and electric batteries; mechanics, physics, and chemistry could account for all their manifestations.
ref: 1886, Joseph Rémi Léopold Delbœuf, What May Animals Be Taught?:
text: We of all magical precipitates out of Europe’s groaning, clouded alembic, we are the thinnest, the most dangerous, the handiest to secular uses —
ref: 1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity’s Rainbow:
text: We’ll need to get you a copy of the charter, a beginner’s alembic, maybe a complementary silver dagger… and that’s not even counting whether or not we have any beginner-level books on disciplines you’re interested in!
ref: 2012, Kazerad, Ten minutes later..., in: Prequel -or- Making a Cat Cry: The Adventure (webcomic), March 27 2012
glosses: An early chemical apparatus, consisting of two retorts connected by a tube, used to purify substances by distillation.
Meronyms: sense: bell-shaped upper part
word: campane
sense: bell-shaped upper part
word: helm
Derived terms: alembicated
Related terms: flask
balloon flask
receiver
retort
test tube
Jerome
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒəˈɹəʊm/
ipa: /d͡ʒəˈɹoʊm/
rhymes: -əʊm
Etymology: From the Old French vernacular form of the saint's name Hieronymus, from Ancient Greek Ἱερώνυμος (Hierṓnumos). Doublet of Hieronymus.
Senses: examples: text: President Donald Trump said Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent is no longer being considered as a replacement for Jerome Powell as Federal Reserve Chair.
ref: 2025 August 5, Elisabeth Buchwald, “Trump says Scott Bessent no longer in the running for Fed chair”, in CNN Business, archived from the original on 25 Aug 2025:
glosses: A male given name from Ancient Greek.
glosses: A surname originating as a patronymic.
glosses: A town in Yavapai County, Arizona.
glosses: A town in Drew County, Arkansas.
glosses: A small unincorporated community in Collier County, Florida.
glosses: A city, the county seat of Jerome County, Idaho.
glosses: A village in Sangamon County, Illinois.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Union Township, Howard County, Indiana, United States.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Appanoose County, Iowa.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Hillsdale County, Michigan.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Phelps County, Missouri.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Union County, Ohio.
glosses: A census-designated place in Somerset County, Pennsylvania.
glosses: A ghost town in Morgan County, West Virginia.
Derived terms: Jerome County
Jeromian
catoptric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kaˈtɒptɹɪk/
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κατοπτρικός (katoptrikós), from κάτοπτρον (kátoptron, “mirror”).
Senses: examples: text: It leaned, toppled forward, and loomed out over the water's grim catoptric surface that stretched before her, and then completing a half-somersault plunged headlong into the shallows of the abysmal, baptismal bilge.
ref: 1989, Nick Cave, And the Ass Saw the Angel:
glosses: Of, relating to, or produced by mirrors or reflections.
soupspoonful
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: soupspoonfuls
form: soupspoonsful
Etymology: From soupspoon + -ful.
Senses: examples: text: Add a soupspoonful of olive oil.
text: Two or three soupspoonsful of this solution in a quart of hot water may be used as an injection, morning and evening, to correct the fœtidity of leucorrhœic discharges which accompany some cases of endometritis, polypus, fibrous bodies, ulceration of the cervix uteri, or even simple vaginitis.
ref: 1890, “Gynæcological Therapeutics”, in Ernest W. Cushing, Louis Starr, editors, Annals of Gynæcology and Pædiatry. A Monthly Review of Gynæcology, Obstetrics, Abdominal Surgery, and the Diseases of Children., volume III, Philadelphia, Pa.: University of Pennsylvania Press, page 401:
text: All he cured rapidly by the admistration^([sic]) of a solution of potassic iodide in the proportion of 2.5:100.0; of this three soupspoonsful, three times a day.
ref: 1894 June 30, Frank E. Coudert, “Traumatic Meningitis”, in Harold H. Kynett, editor, The Medical and Surgical Reporter, number 1948; volume LXX, number 26, Philadelphia, Pa.: Penfield Publishing Co., page 916:
glosses: The amount that may be held by a soupspoon.
Synonyms: soupspoon
Hypernyms: spoonful
Coordinate terms: spoonful § Hyponyms
upwardly mobile
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more upwardly mobile
form: most upwardly mobile
Senses: examples: text: Still, at least the venue was appropriate: Lettice had hired out the long, dusty salon that formed the first-storey salesroom of an upmarket architectural salvage business. It was here young and upwardly-mobile couples came to browse among the mouldings, entablatures, pilasters and ironwork of the past.
ref: 2015 July 26, Will Self, “Original short story: Architectural Salvage, by Will Self”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Likely to advance in economic or social standing.
Synonyms: bourgeois
Derived terms: yumpie
Related terms: economic mobility
social mobility
upward mobility
bourgeoisification
corporate ladder
embourgeoisement
social climber
social ladder
big time
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: big times
form: big-time
form: bigtime
Senses: examples: text: This was a rare whiff of the big-time for a club whose staple diet became top-flight football for so long - the glamour was in short supply, however. Thousands of empty seats and the driving Yorkshire rain saw to that.
ref: 2012, Ben Smith, Leeds United 2-1 Everton:
synonyms: big league
major league
glosses: The highest, or most prestigious level in any field, especially in entertainment.
Derived terms: hit the big time
big time
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more big time
form: most big time
form: big-time
form: bigtime
Senses: examples: text: A Wheel of Fortune contestant was about to win a shot at the million dollar grand prize when he bumbled his answer and lost out big time.
ref: 2013 September 18, “Wheel of Fortune contestant loses chance at $1 million after mispronouncing a word”, in Daily Mail:
text: “American doesn’t hedge,” said Seth Kaplan, managing partner for the trade publication Airlines Weekly. “So, they have won big time.”
ref: 2015 January 28, Hugo Martin, “American Airlines’ fuel-buying bet pays off in record profit”, in Los Angeles Times:
text: North Vancouver condo buyers ‘won big time playing the long game’ [title]
ref: 2019 December 6, Kerry Gold, “North Vancouver condo buyers ‘won big time playing the long game’”, in The Globe and Mail (Vancouver):
text: Peterborough United almost missed out on signing star man Ivan Toney, but now they are set to cash in big-time [title]
ref: 2020 June 22, Alan Swann, “Peterborough United almost missed out on signing star man Ivan Toney, but now they are set to cash in big-time”, in Peterborough Telegraph:
text: But on other fronts there’s a clear case for optimism. Science has come to our rescue, big time, with the miraculously fast development of vaccines against the coronavirus.
ref: 2021 January 1, Paul Krugman, “Things Will Get Better. Seriously.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: By a large margin; with great significance.
Derived terms: big-timer
Urartian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ʊˈɹɑːtɪən/
Forms: form: Urartaean
form: Urartean
Etymology: From Urartu + -ian.
Senses: glosses: Relating to the ancient kingdom of Urartu in the Armenian Highland.
Urartian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ʊˈɹɑːtɪən/
Forms: form: Urartians
form: Urartaean
form: Urartean
Etymology: From Urartu + -ian.
Senses: glosses: An inhabitant of Urartu.
Urartian
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ʊˈɹɑːtɪən/
Forms: form: Urartaean
form: Urartean
Etymology: From Urartu + -ian.
Senses: synonyms: Haldian
Khaldian
glosses: The extinct language spoken by the inhabitants of Urartu. Related to Hurrian.
Related terms: word: Wiktionary’s coverage of Urartian terms
alt: SIL
urls: https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/xur
word: xur
Urartu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /uːˈɹɑːtuː/
ipa: /ʊˈɹɑɹtu/
Etymology: A modern (19th century) rendition of Akkadian 𒆳𒌵 (Urarṭu). Corresponds to Biblical Hebrew אֲרָרָט (ʾărɔrɔṭ) (see Ararat). See also Old Armenian Վան (Van) for the self-designation of Urartians.
Senses: glosses: An Iron Age kingdom flourishing 9th-6th century BC, located in the Armenian Highland and centred in the mountainous region around Lake Van.
Synonyms: Biainili
Derived terms: Urartian
Related terms: Nairi
SDK
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: SDKs
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Initialism of software development kit.
qualifier: go
glosses: Initialism of single digit kyu.
Hyponyms: JDK
Anatolia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌænəˈtəʊli.ə/
ipa: /ˌænəˈtoʊli.ə/
rhymes: -əʊliə
Forms: form: Anatolias
form: Natolia
Etymology: From Medieval Latin Anatolia, from Ancient Greek ἀνατολή (anatolḗ, “sunrise, place from where the sun rises, the east”), from ἀνατέλλω (anatéllō, “I rise”), from ἀνά (aná, “up”) + τέλλω (téllō, “I perform, accomplish, rise”), because Anatolia was east of Greece.
Senses: examples: Holonyms: Turkey, Türkiye, Turkiye < West Asia < Asia < Earth
Meronym: Central Anatolia
Near-synonyms: Turkey, Türkiye, Turkiye
synonyms: Asia Minor
Lesser Asia
glosses: A peninsula in West Asia, comprising most of the modern Republic of Turkey. Bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Armenian Highland to the east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and the Aegean Sea to the west.
Derived terms: Central Anatolia
Uyghur
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwiːɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈwiːɡ(ʊ)ə/
ipa: /ˈʔuɪ̯.ɡʊɾ/
rhymes: (UK) -ʊə
rhymes: (UK) -iːɡə
Forms: form: Uyghurs
form: Uyghur
form: Uygur
form: Uigur
form: Uighur
form: Ouigour
form: Uigour
Etymology: From Uyghur ئۇيغۇر (uyghur).
Senses: examples: text: A new U.S. congressional committee on China will hold its second hearing on Thursday, seeking to highlight what Washington says is an ongoing genocide against Uyghurs and other ethnic minorities in China's Xinjiang region.
Rights groups accuse Beijing of abuses, including forced labor, mass surveillance and the placement of 1 million or more Uyghurs - a mainly Muslim ethnic group - in a network of internment camps in Xinjiang.
ref: 2023 March 23, Michael Martina, “U.S. House panel on China to highlight abuse of Uyghurs in second hearing”, in Jonathan Oatis, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 23 Mar 2023:
glosses: A member of a Turkic ethnic group living in northwestern China and southeastern Kazakhstan.
Related terms: Uyghuristan
Uyghur
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwiːɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈwiːɡ(ʊ)ə/
ipa: /ˈʔuɪ̯.ɡʊɾ/
rhymes: (UK) -ʊə
rhymes: (UK) -iːɡə
Forms: form: Uygur
form: Uigur
form: Uighur
form: Ouigour
form: Uigour
Etymology: From Uyghur ئۇيغۇر (uyghur).
Senses: glosses: The language of the Uyghur people.
Uyghur
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwiːɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈwiːɡ(ʊ)ə/
ipa: /ˈʔuɪ̯.ɡʊɾ/
rhymes: (UK) -ʊə
rhymes: (UK) -iːɡə
Forms: form: Uygur
form: Uigur
form: Uighur
form: Ouigour
form: Uigour
Etymology: From Uyghur ئۇيغۇر (uyghur).
Senses: examples: text: Hotan is located in southern Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. It is an oasis town in the Tarim Basin, north of the Kunlun Mountains and south of the Taklamakan Desert. Hotan Prefecture is a multinational area: 96 percent Uyghur and 3 percent Han.
ref: 2011 November 4, Dongya Zhang, “A discovery of folk gems in Hotan”, in Beijing Today, number 543, →ISSN, →OCLC, Travel China, page 21, column 3:
text: The purpose of this Act is to direct United States resources to address human rights violations and abuses, including gross violations of human rights, by the Government of the People’s Republic of China through the mass surveillance and internment of over 1,000,000 Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority groups in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
ref: 2020, “S. 3744: Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020”, in GovTrack:
glosses: Of, from, or pertaining to the Uyghur people or the Uyghur language.
Uyghuristan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˌwiɡəɹɪˈstɑːn/
/ˌuːɪ-/
/-ˈstæn/
Forms: form: Uighuristan
form: Uighurstan
form: Uyghurstan
Etymology: Borrowed from Uyghur ئۇيغۇرىستان (uyghuristan), from ئۇيغۇر (uyghur) + ـىستان (-istan); by surface analysis, Uyghur + -i- + -stan.
Senses: examples: text: The success of this trade depended upon the security of four areas- the oases south of the T'ien Shan mountains in the area known as Uyghuristan, the towns of Transoxiana, the cities of Persia, and the commercial centers of Turkey.
ref: 1990, James D. Tracy, editor, The Rise of Merchant Empires, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 358:
text: The elite, primarily Buddhist, Turkic society centered in the south around Turpan became known as Uyghuristan from 932 to 1450, to distinguish it from the Muslim Türks living in the western parts of Xinjiang.
ref: 2008, James Cuno, Who Owns Antiquity?, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 107:
text: This was particularly true given that the Indian Army has long viewed Daulat Beg Oldi, which is located at the nexus of Indian Ladakh and Uyghuristan, as a strategically important piece of territory.
ref: 2013, Ankit Panda, “India Caves to China on Border Dispute”, in The Diplomat:
glosses: A geographic region of Central Asia, inhabited by Uyghurs.
Synonyms: Uyghurland
Related terms: Altishahr
DPC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: DPCs
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Initialism of deferred procedure call A software interrupt triggered by the kernel when it detects a "hung" condition deep within a thread or process it is attempting to terminate. In general, this allows the process to complete its work before the impending termination or context switch.
examples: text: PW4 (DPC 13900) was at the checkline junction Luard Road near Jaffe Road. They were there to prevent protesters rushing in to block the road from Luard Road.
ref: Paragraph 67, HKSAR v Tong Ying Kit/Reasons for Verdict ([2021] HKCFI 2200)
topics: government
law-enforcement
glosses: Initialism of detective police constable.
topics: government
law-enforcement
glosses: Initialism of District Police Chief A police officer in charge of a police district in the Kerala State Police.
examples: text: This provision allows individuals with HDHPs to also enroll in DPC arrangements (and maintain their HSA) and allows HSA funds to be used to pay for DPC services.
ref: 2025 May 24, “The One, Big, Beautiful Bill”, in United States House Committee on Ways & Means, page 19:
glosses: Initialism of direct primary care.
Saami
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Saami
form: Saamis
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Sami.
Saami
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Saamis
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Sami.
Saami
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Sami.
garage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑːʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑːdʒ/
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ɡəˈɹɑʒ/
ipa: /ɡəˈɹɑdʒ/
ipa: /ɡˈɹɑʒ/
ipa: /ɡˈɹɑdʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/
note: Canada, Ottawa Valley
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹæ(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/
rhymes: -ɑːdʒ
rhymes: -ɑːʒ
rhymes: -æɹɪdʒ
Forms: form: garages
Etymology: Borrowed from French garage (“keeping under cover, protection, shelter”), derivative of French garer (“to keep under cover, dock, shunt, guard, keep”), from Middle French garer, garrer, guerrer; partly from Old French garir, warir (from Old Frankish *warjan); and partly from Old French varer (“to fight, defend oneself, protect”), from Old Norse varask (“to defend oneself”), reflexive of vara (“to ware, watch out, defend”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *warjaną (“to defend, ward off”), *warōną (“to watch, protect”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to close, cover, protect, save, defend”).
Senses: examples: text: A little further on, to the right, was a large garage, where the charabancs stood, half in and half out of the yard.
ref: 1931, Francis Beeding, “2/2”, in Death Walks in Eastrepps:
glosses: A building (or section of a building) used to store a car or cars, tools and other miscellaneous items.
examples: text: The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace of past cultures.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:
synonyms: auto shop
car workshop
vehicle workshop
glosses: A place where cars are serviced and repaired.
raw_tags: in US
synonyms: petrol station
;
filling station
gas station
service station
glosses: A petrol filling station.
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A shed for housing an airship or aeroplane or a launchable missile; a hangar.
glosses: A side way or space in a canal to enable vessels to pass each other; a siding.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A type of guitar rock music, personified by amateur bands playing in the basement or garage; garage rock.
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A type of electronic dance music related to house music, with warped and time-stretched sounds; UK garage.
Derived terms: 2-step garage
avant-garage
future garage
garageable
garage apartment
garage band
garage certificate
garage door
garage door opener
garageful
garageless
garagelike
Garage Mahal
garageman
garage-punk
garage punk
garage queen
garage rock
garage-rock
garage sale
garage startup
garage suite
garageware
garagey
parking garage
petrol garage
speed garage
three guys in a garage
UK garage
garage
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑːʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑːdʒ/
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ɡəˈɹɑʒ/
ipa: /ɡəˈɹɑdʒ/
ipa: /ɡˈɹɑʒ/
ipa: /ɡˈɹɑdʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹɑ(d)ʒ/
note: Canada, Ottawa Valley
ipa: /ɡ(ə)ˈɹæ(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɪdʒ/
ipa: /ˈɡæ.ɹɑː(d)ʒ/
rhymes: -ɑːdʒ
rhymes: -ɑːʒ
rhymes: -æɹɪdʒ
Forms: form: garages
form: garaging
form: garaged
form: garaged
Etymology: Borrowed from French garage (“keeping under cover, protection, shelter”), derivative of French garer (“to keep under cover, dock, shunt, guard, keep”), from Middle French garer, garrer, guerrer; partly from Old French garir, warir (from Old Frankish *warjan); and partly from Old French varer (“to fight, defend oneself, protect”), from Old Norse varask (“to defend oneself”), reflexive of vara (“to ware, watch out, defend”); both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *warjaną (“to defend, ward off”), *warōną (“to watch, protect”), from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to close, cover, protect, save, defend”).
Senses: examples: text: We garaged the convertible during the monsoon months.
text: I garaged the car and went to Aunt Dahlia's sanctum to ascertain whether she had cooled off at all since I had left her, for I was still anxious about that blood pressure of hers.
ref: 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XIX, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:
text: In large cities cars are nuisances unless you have enough money to afford to garage the beasts.
ref: 1979 April 28, Nancy Walker, “A Case of Mistaken Identity”, in Gay Community News, page 19:
glosses: To store in a garage.
precious
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛʃ.əs/
rhymes: -ɛʃəs
Forms: form: preciouses
form: pretious
Etymology: From Middle English precious, borrowed from Old French precios (“valuable, costly, precious, beloved, also affected, finical”), from Latin pretiōsus (“of great value, costly, dear, precious”), from pretium (“value, price”); see price.
Senses: examples: text: “It isn't fair, my precious, is it, to ask us what it's got in its nassty little pocketses?”
ref: 1937, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Hobbit:
text: She sat down with the dogs in her lap. "I won't neglect you for any one, will I, my preciouses?"
ref: 1909, Mrs. Teignmouth Shore, The Pride of the Graftons, page 57:
text: What'll it take to get it through to you precious?
I'm over this, why do you wanna throw it away like this?
Such a mess, why would I want to watch you?
ref: 2003, “The Outsider”, performed by A Perfect Circle:
glosses: Someone (or something) who is loved; a darling.
precious
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛʃ.əs/
rhymes: -ɛʃəs
Forms: form: pretious
Etymology: From Middle English precious, borrowed from Old French precios (“valuable, costly, precious, beloved, also affected, finical”), from Latin pretiōsus (“of great value, costly, dear, precious”), from pretium (“value, price”); see price.
Senses: examples: text: There is precious little we can do.
text: precious few pictures of him exist
glosses: Very; an intensifier.
øre
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɜːɹə/
rhymes: -ɜːɹə
Forms: form: øre
Etymology: Borrowed from Danish øre, Norwegian øre, from Latin aureus (“a Roman coin; golden”). Doublet of aureus, eyrir, öre, and oyra.
Senses: glosses: A currency unit worth one hundredth of a Norwegian and Danish krone.
glosses: Misspelling of öre.
API
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ā'pē'īʹ
ipa: /ˌeɪˌpiˈaɪ/
Forms: form: APIs
form: API
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: Initialism of active pharmaceutical ingredient.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: Initialism of application programming interface.
coordinate_terms: AAPI
glosses: Initialism of Asian and Pacific Islander.
topics: engineering
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: Initialism of advanced primer ignition.
topics: engineering
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: Initialism of armor-piercing incendiary.
Hypernyms: PI
Hyponyms: REST API
API
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: ā'pē'īʹ
ipa: /ˌeɪˌpiˈaɪ/
Senses: glosses: Initialism of American Petroleum Institute.
related: word: AP I
qualifier: international law
glosses: Initialism of Additional Protocol I of 1977 to the four Geneva Conventions.
Derived terms: API donut
API gravity
API Service Symbol
kinkajou
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɪŋkəˌd͡ʒuː/
ipa: /ˈkɪŋkəˌʒuː/
Forms: form: kinkajous
form: kincajou
Etymology: From French quincajou, from an Algonquian word, probably originally meaning ‘wolverine’ (compare Algonquin Kwingwaage, Ojibwe gwiingwa'aage (“wolverine”)), which was later transferred to the South American animal. Related to carcajou.
Senses: synonyms: honey bear
potto
glosses: Potos flavus, a carnivorous mammal of Central America and South America with a long, prehensile tail, related to the raccoon.
primo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹiː.moʊ/
rhymes: -iːmoʊ
Forms: form: primos
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian primo (“first”). Doublet of prime and primus.
Senses: topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: The principal part of a duet.
topics: drugs
medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: Any high-quality drug.
topics: drugs
medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: A marijuana cigarette that has been laced with cocaine or heroin.
primo
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹiː.moʊ/
rhymes: -iːmoʊ
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian primo (“first”). Doublet of prime and primus.
Senses: examples: text: We strung Christmas lights around the ceiling to frame it. The final touches of coolness were my two spinning disco lights in the front room. That apartment was like my canvas and it was a primo party spot.
ref: 2010, Marie Kanger-Born, Confessions of a Chicago Punk Bystander, page 16:
text: I had to contort a bit to see during Act I, but the theater was not full — opera tickets, even at such prices, are a luxury for many Hungarians — so during the first intermission I moved to a primo orchestra seat, with not just the knowledge but the assistance of an usher.
ref: 2014 January 30, Seth Kugel, “Wintertime Bargains in Budapest”, in The New York Times:
text: Like me, you will be so embarrassed for Earth’s primo edgelord that he feels pressed into doing something so excruciatingly conventional. This is worse than when Kate Moss was scapegoated into rehab.
ref: 2025 June 13, Marina Hyde, “So social media has broken even Elon Musk. I’m forced to ask: U OK hun?”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: Best; first-class.
Related terms: primo uomo
taff
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: taffs
Etymology: Shortened from Taffy, from Dafydd.
Senses: glosses: A Welshman.
prima
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: prē′mə
ipa: /ˈpɹiː.mə/
rhymes: -iːmə
Etymology: Derived from Italian prima, derived from Latin prīma.
Senses: glosses: most important
Related terms: alla prima
prima ballerina
prima donna
prima faciality
prima facie
prima materia
prima
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: prē′mə
ipa: /ˈpɹiː.mə/
rhymes: -iːmə
Forms: form: primas
Etymology: Derived from Italian prima, derived from Latin prīma.
Senses: glosses: Short for prima ballerina.
underhand
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ŭnʹdə(r)-(h)ănd'
ipa: /ˈʌn.də(ɹ)ˌ(h)ænd/
Forms: form: more underhand
form: most underhand
Etymology: From under + hand.
Senses: glosses: Secret; clandestine.
glosses: Dishonest and sneaky; done in a secret or sly manner.
glosses: Thrown (etc.) with the hand brought forward and up from below.
raw_tags: in various ball games
of a ball
Synonyms: sense: all
word: underhanded
topics: ball-games
games
sports
hobbies
lifestyle
word: underarm
underhand
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: enpr: ŭnʹdə(r)-(h)ănd'
ipa: /ˈʌn.də(ɹ)ˌ(h)ænd/
Forms: form: more underhand
form: most underhand
Etymology: From under + hand.
Senses: glosses: With an underhand movement.
glosses: In a sly, sneaky or secret manner.
Synonyms: sense: in a secret manner
word: underhandedly