bane
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /beɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: banes
form: baning
form: baned
form: baned
form: no-table-tags
form: glossary
form: bane
form: bane
form: baned
form: bane
form: banest
form: baned
form: banedst
form: banes
form: baneth
form: baned
form: bane
form: baned
form: bane
form: baned
form: bane
form: -
form: baning
form: baned
Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English bane (“person or thing that destroys life, murderer, slayer; person who destroys the soul; destruction of life, death, doom; poison”), from Old English bana (“person or thing that causes death, murderer”), from Proto-West Germanic *banō, from Proto-Germanic *banô (“killer, murderer, slayer; death, bane”), probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to slay, kill; to strike”).
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
* Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰 (banja, “wound”)
* Old Frisian bona (“death; murder”)
* Old Norse bani (Danish bane (“death; murder”), Icelandic bani (“bane, death”), Swedish bane (“death; murder”)), Old Norse ben (“(moral) wound”)
* Old English ben, benn (“mortal injury; wound”)
* Old High German bano (“death”) (Middle High German ban, bane)
* Old Saxon bano (“death; murder”), beni (“mortal injury; wound”)
Senses: examples: text: Think when thou ſéeſt the baite whereon is thy delite, / That hidden Hookes are hard at hande to bane thee when thou bite.
ref: 1567, George Turbervil[l]e, “Disprayse of Women that Allure and Loue Not”, in Epitaphes, Epigrams, Songs and Sonets, with a Discourse of the Friendly Affections of Tymetes to Pyndara His Ladie. […], London: […] Henry Denham, →OCLC, folio 61, recto:
text: Novv if a ſhepherd knovv not vvhich graſs vvill bane, or vvhich not, hovv is he fit to be a ſhepherd? VVherefore the Parſon hath throughly canvaſſed al the particulars of humane actions, at leaſt thoſe vvhich he obſerveth are moſt incident to his Pariſh.
ref: a. 1634 (date written), Geo[rge] Herbert, “The Parsons Accessary Knowledges”, in A Priest to the Temple, or, The Countrey Parson His Character, and Rule of Holy Life. […], London: […] T[homas] Maxey for T[imothy] Garthwait, […], published 1652, →OCLC, page 16:
text: For what shall heal, when holy water banes? / Or who may guide / O'er desert plains / Thy lov'd yet sinful people wandering wide, […]
ref: 1827, [John Keble], “Fifth Sunday after Easter. Rogation Sunday.”, in The Christian Year: Thoughts in Verse for the Sundays and Holydays throughout the Year, volume I, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [B]y W. Baxter, for J. Parker; and C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 175:
glosses: To physically injure (someone or something); to harm, to hurt.
examples: text: It [covetousness] annoyeth our Phiſitions, it infecteth our Diuines, it choaketh our Lawiers, it woundeth our Farmers, it baneth our Gentlemen, it murdereth our Tradeſmen, it bewitcheth our Merchants, it ſtingeth our Marriners. Oh couetouſneſſe, couetouſneſſe: it is the poyſon of all things, the wound of Chriſtianitie, the bane of all goodneſſe.
ref: 1601, Arthur Dent, The Plaine Mans Path-way to Heauen. […], London: […] Robert Dexter, […], →OCLC, page 80:
glosses: To cause (someone) misery or ruin; to socially or spiritually injure (someone).
topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
pathology
sciences
veterinary
zoology
glosses: To cause (sheep) a disease, especially the rot (“a disease in which breakdown of tissue occurs”).
examples: text: Aconit is of two ſortes (as Dioſcorides writeth) the one is named Aconitum Pardalianches, that is to ſay, Aconite that baneth, or killeth Panthers.
ref: 1578, Rembert Dodoens, “Of Aconitum”, in Henry Lyte, transl., A Niewe Herball, or Historie of Plantes: […], London: […] [Henry [i.e., Hendrik van der] Loë for] Gerard Dewes, […], →OCLC, 3rd part (Medicinal Rootes, and Herbes, that Purge the Body, also of Noysome Weedes, and Dangerous Plantes), page 424:
text: VVhat if my houſe be troubled vvith a Rat, / And I be pleas'd to giue ten thouſand ducats / To have it baind?
ref: c. 1596–1598 (date written), W[illiam] Shakespeare, The Excellent History of the Merchant of Venice. […] (First Quarto), [London]: […] J[ames] Roberts [for Thomas Heyes], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], signature H, recto:
text: Then he, vvhil'ſt he in progreſſe did at Svvinhed Abbey lye, / VVas poyſoned by a Monke, that baend himſelfe that Iohn might dye.
ref: 1602, William Warner, “The Fifth Booke. Chapter XXV.”, in Albions England. A Continued Historie of the Same Kingdome, from the Originals of the First Inhabitants thereof: […], 5th edition, London: […] Edm[und] Bollifant for George Potter, […], →OCLC, page 119:
glosses: To kill (a person or animal), especially by poison.