cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
electroconvulsive therapy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: electroconvulsive therapies
Senses: examples: text: The therapeutic effects of low and high energy electroconvulsive therapies are quite different.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.
Synonyms: ECT
Edison's medicine
electroshock therapy
shock therapy
Coordinate terms: english: an outdated therapy
translation: an outdated therapy
word: insulin shock therapy
infantilism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈfæntɪlɪzm/
Forms: form: infantilisms
Etymology: From infantile + -ism.
Senses: glosses: An emotional dependency on being treated as an infant.
examples: text: A craniopharyngioma may produce infantilism.
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: An appearance like (that of) an infant.
topics: lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: A paraphilia based on acting like a baby or toddler, sometimes involving being diapered.
Related terms: infantilist
infantility
infantilist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: infantilists
Etymology: From infantile + -ist.
Senses: topics: lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: One who is subject to infantilism.
palmate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑmeit/
ipa: /ˈpɑlmeit/
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin palmātus (“hand-shaped, palm-leaf shaped”), from palma (“palm, palm-tree”). Equivalent to palm + -ate (adjective-forming suffix). Compare French palmé.
Senses: examples: text: Although palmate leaves are typical of most Western maples, a number of species have leaves without lobes.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having three or more lobes or veins arising from a common point.
examples: text: The horse chestnut, buckeye and hickory trees have palmate leaves. That is, the broad oval leaflets are all set around the tip of a common leaf stem, spreading in a circle, like the ribs of a palm leaf fan.
ref: 1909, Eleanor Stockhouse Atkinson, “In the Tree Tops”, in The How and Why Library:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having more than three leaflets arising from a common point, often in the form of a fan.
raw_tags: of leaves
examples: text: The Palmate Newt is a common Western European amphibian.
glosses: Having webbed appendage; palmated.
glosses: Hand-like; shaped like a hand with extended fingers
Derived terms: bipalmate
costapalmate
nonpalmate
palmately
palmate newt
palmation
semipalmate
subpalmate
totipalmate
Related terms: pinnate
palmate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɑmeit/
ipa: /ˈpɑlmeit/
Forms: form: palmates
Etymology: From palmic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt or ester of ricinoleic acid (formerly called palmic acid); a ricinoleate.
Derived terms: sodium palmate
klismaphilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɪliə
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κλύσμα (klúsma, “enema”) [from Ancient Greek κατακλυσμός (kataklusmós, “deluge, flood”)] and φιλία (philía, “(fraternal) love”).
Senses: topics: lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: The condition involving enjoyment of, and sexual arousal from, enemas.
Related terms: klismaphile
klismaphiliac
necrophile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnɛkɹəʊ̆faɪl/
Forms: form: necrophiles
Etymology: From necro- + -phile.
Senses: examples: text: He has seizures of erotic and macaberesque madness. He is a sort of necrophile. He has kept a journal in which he sets forth his disease with the utmost clearness.
ref: 1903, Guy de Maupassant, translated by M. Walter Dunne, A Tress of Hair:
topics: lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: One who is subject to necrophilia.
glosses: One who engages in sexual acts with corpses.
monokini
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /mɒnə(ʊ)ˈkiːni/
ipa: /mɑ.noʊˈki.ni/
rhymes: -iːni
Forms: form: monokinis
Etymology: Borrowed from French monokini or simply mono- + -kini, punningly reinterpreting the first syllable of "bikini" as the prefix bi-.
Senses: examples: text: All this so impressed the Appellate Court in Aix-en-Provence that it reversed the convictions. "Inasmuch as the spectacle of the nudity of the human body has nothing intrinsic in it that would outrage normal, even delicate decency, and since Claudine Durand concealed her sexual parts with a sufficiently opaque monokini, we acquit her."
ref: 1965 March 12, “Topless Triumph”, in Time:
text: French academics and historians have spent the early summer months pondering the sociological meaning of the demise of France's once-favourite piece of beachwear, the "monokini" – the bottom half of a bikini with no top.
ref: 2009 July 22, Angelique Crisafis, “France Falls Out of Love with Topless Sunbathing”, in The Guardian:
text: In fact, the San Francisco Chronicle featured a photo of a woman in a monokini — her exposed breasts clearly visible — on its front page.
ref: 2016, David Allyn, Make Love, Not War: The Sexual Revolution: An Unfettered History, →ISBN:
glosses: The lower part of a bikini without the upper part (i.e., topless).
examples: text: [Psylocke is] wearing a mix between a monokini and cut-out swimwear, a wardrobe change[.]
ref: 2014, Joseph J. Darowski, The Ages of the X-Men: Essays on the Children of the Atom, →ISBN:
glosses: A one-piece swimsuit, which may cover both the chest and the crotch (as contrasted with a bikini, which consists of two pieces).
Coordinate terms: bikini
Derived terms: monokinied
Related terms: bikini
trikini
facekini
one-piece
palm tree
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: palm trees
form: palm-tree
form: palmtree
Etymology: From Middle English palmetre, from Old English palmtrēow (“palm tree”), equivalent to palm + tree. Compare Danish palmetræ (“palm tree”), Swedish palmträd (“palm tree”), Norwegian palmetre (“palm tree”), Icelandic pálmatré (“palm tree”).
Senses: synonyms: palm
hypernyms: tree
glosses: A tree of the family Arecaceae usually characterised by having a single stem or trunk, directly from which sprout several leaves or fronds giving a shape like an outstretched hand.
Derived terms: palm tree justice
palm tree kale
hairshirt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛəʃɜːt/
enpr: hârʹshərt
ipa: /ˈhɛɹʃɝt/
Forms: form: hairshirts
form: hair shirt
form: hair-shirt
Etymology: From hair + shirt.
Senses: examples: text: He is practically a total abstainer and I can affirm that he sleeps on a straw litter and eats the most Spartan food, cold dried grocer’s peas. He wears a hairshirt winter and summer and scourges himself every Saturday.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 15: Circe]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey], page 466:
synonyms: cilice
horsehair shirt
sackcloth
glosses: A shirt made of haircloth; especially one worn by ascetics or the penitent.
examples: text: And when he went on to say, “The curse must be within ourselves,” Muir bequeathed us a hairshirt: the guilty conscience that plagues so many of us when we see what we are doing to the rest of nature.
ref: 1981 June 21, Joseph Kastner, “Whole Earth Controversy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, page 71:
glosses: A state of penitence and humility.
Derived terms: hairshirted
hairshirtism
hairshirt
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhɛəʃɜːt/
enpr: hârʹshərt
ipa: /ˈhɛɹʃɝt/
Forms: form: hair shirt
form: hair-shirt
Etymology: From hair + shirt.
Senses: examples: text: The gloomy contentions of “hairshirt economists” who want more public and less private spending were assailed today by Robert W. Sarnoff, chairman of the National Broadcasting Company.
ref: 1960 October 13, “‘Hairshirt Economists’ Scored For Pushing Public Spending”, in The New York Times, page 51:
text: No hair-shirt ascetiscism, but far less consumerism, less shopping for the sake of shopping, less conspicuous consumption, less waste. There will be less trade, but it will be more judicious, and there will be more 'self-reliance' in energy, food and manufacturing.
ref: 2005 November 6, Juliette Jowit, “Porritt warns greens to mend 'negative' ways”, in The Observer, →ISSN:
text: Ireland – the "poster child" for the International Monetary Fund and EU's bailout programmes – endured its sixth hairshirt budget on Wednesday with the imposition of €2.5bn (£2bn) of cuts as its finance minister insisted the country is emerging from the fiscal crisis.
ref: 2012 December 5, Henry McDonald, “Ireland budget imposes more austerity”, in The Guardian:
text: Boris Johnson has called on the government to drop its "hair shirt, Stafford Cripps" agenda as he outlined a seven-point growth plan for London involving building thousands of new homes and investment in major infrastructure projects.
ref: 2013 January 25, Larry Elliott, “Boris Johnson urges Osborne to drop 'hair shirt' agenda for UK economy”, in The Guardian, retrieved 05 Feb 2021:
glosses: Advocating or adopting a relatively ascetic lifestyle, especially for environmentalist reasons.
Related terms: flagellant
self-flagellation
GLA
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Greater London Authority.
Related terms: GLC
GLC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: qualifier: analytical chemistry
glosses: Initialism of gas-liquid chromatography.
GLC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Greater London Council.
raw_tags: from 1965 to 1986
glosses: Initialism of Goldie Lookin Chain.
Related terms: GLA
mysophilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmaɪsəʊ̆ˈfɪlɪə/
rhymes: -ɪlɪə
Etymology: From myso- + -philia.
Senses: examples: text: While here filthiness is seemingly a consequence of the fear of being soiled, it is in our cases a consciously wished for situation which might be similar to mysophilia within the psychosexual infantility.
ref: 1963: National Psychological Association for Psychoanalysis (U.S.), The Psychoanalytic Review, p272
text: Mysophilia, for example, can probably only be an erotic turn-on when it is possible for people to be clean, which is something that has been possible only in comparatively recent times.
ref: 1988, Dennis M. Dailey, The Sexually Unusual: Guide to Understanding and Helping, page 17:
text: These paraphilias include coprophilia (preoccupation with feces), urophilia (preoccupation with urine), mysophilia (preoccupation with unclean surroundings)…
ref: 2003, Richard W Roukema, MD, What Every Patient, Family, Friend, and Caregiver Needs to Know About Psychiatry, page 133:
glosses: A sexual dependency on something soiled or filthy, usually a kind of undergarment after use.
Related terms: mysophile
mysophile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmaɪsəʉfaɪl/
Forms: form: mysophiles
Etymology: From myso- + -phile.
Senses: examples: text: Yes, I am a mysophile. In my imagination I loiter at places where there is filth, mud, and decaying things, places where it stinks. I also wear my underwear until it stinks and becomes very dirty.
ref: 1936, Magnus Hirschfeld, Sexual Anomalies and Perversions: Physical and Psychological Development and Treatment, page 431:
text: Ethel is a mysophile. She derives her gratification from the dirt in which she is living.
ref: 1949, Wilhelm Stekel, Compulsion and Doubt: (Zwang und Zweifel), page 355:
topics: lifestyle
sexuality
glosses: One with a sexual dependency on something soiled or filthy, usually a kind of underwear or feminine products after use.
Related terms: mysophilia
scopophilia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: scoptophilia
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós, “watcher”) + -philia (itself from the Ancient Greek φιλία (philía, “love, fondness”)).
Senses: examples: text: At first feeling somewhat inhibited in his watching by Sam's presence (perhaps due to an inferiority complex), Jake freely indulges in his scopophilia once the other man is gone, growing excited by the sight of this woman whose dance includes undressing, donning some jewels, and then stroking herself.
ref: 2015, Douglas Keesey, Brian De Palma's Split-Screen: A Life in Film:
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: A sexual dependency on openly observing sex organs and sexual acts, as opposed to voyeurism which is secret.
Related terms: alt: n.
word: scopophile
roman: n.
alt: n.
word: scoptophile
english: n. and adj.
translation: n. and adj.
word: scopophiliac
english: n. and adj.
translation: n. and adj.
word: scoptophiliac
word: scopophilic
word: scoptophilic
word: voyeurism
scopophile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: scopophiles
form: scopophiliac
form: scoptophile
form: scoptophiliac
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós, “watcher”) + -phile.
Senses: examples: text: Caligula was a scopophile who was not ashamed of his irregular desire to watch others making love, while Mr. Hoover, as a voyeur, favored the keyhole and wiretap as methods of observation.
topics: human-sciences
lifestyle
psychology
sciences
sexuality
glosses: One with a sexual dependency on openly observing genitalia and sexual acts, as opposed to a voyeur, who watches in secret.
Related terms: scopophilia
voyeurism
frond
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɹɒnd/
ipa: /fɹɑnd/
rhymes: -ɒnd
Forms: form: fronds
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin frons, frond- (“leafy branch”).
Senses: examples: text: By the bank, fifty yards below Elm Island, stood the Master, looking into water six inches deep. A fern frond, knocked off the bank upstream, came down turning like a little green dragon in the clear water.
ref: 1927, Henry William Williamson, Tarka the Otter, Chapter 19:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: The leaf of a fern, especially a compound leaf.
examples: text: palm frond
text: Scores of coconut-shell fires blazed with their characteristic glaring white flame, throwing grotesque shadows on the brown thatched huts, dancing in fairylike shimmerings among the domes of coconut fronds, casting ghostly reaches of light through the adjacent graveyards, and silhouetting the forms of pareu-clad natives at work cleaning their fish or laying them on the live coals to broil.
ref: 1929, Robert Dean Frisbee, The Book of Puka-Puka, Eland, published 2019, page 35:
glosses: Any fern-like leaf or other object resembling a fern leaf.
Derived terms: frondage
fronded
frondiferous
frondiform
frondless
frondlet
frondlike
frondous
frondy
stackable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From stack + -able.
Senses: glosses: Capable of being stacked.
examples: text: With a 10% stackable coupon I can get my cost down to ∼$625 shipped, taxed for the 15" DVI LCD […]
ref: 2003, Geoffrey Litwack, Geoffrey Litwack 2002 Annual, page 461:
topics: business
commerce
retail
glosses: Capable of being combined with others on a single purchase.
raw_tags: of a coupon or similar offer
stackable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: stackables
Etymology: From stack + -able.
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A network switch that can be set up to operate with other network switches.
burgomaster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɜɹɡəmæstɚ/
Forms: form: burgomasters
form: burghermaster
form: burgomeister
Etymology: Partial calque of Dutch burgemeester with master. Compare also boroughmaster.
Senses: synonyms: bürgermeister
glosses: The mayor, or head magistrate, of a town in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and certain other countries.
Derived terms: burgomastership
lancegay
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lancegays
form: lancegaye
Etymology: From Middle English launcegay, from Old French lancegaye, from lance (“lance”) + zagaye (“assagai”).
Senses: glosses: A type of spear, javelin or lance.
fundaes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: And you think that proves anything? Boy have you got your fundaes golified
ref: 1993, Kamal R. Prasad, (Please provide the book title or journal name)^([Google Groups]):
text: Simultaneously, try and contact the Indian Association of your University and get your fundaes cleared about the place and it's requirements
ref: 2002, “Reddit”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), archived from the original on 02 Apr 2005:
text: Get your fundaes right on what constitutes "Intellectual Property".
ref: 2004, Prem!, (Please provide the book title or journal name)^([Google Groups]):
glosses: plural of funda
fundae
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: 1995, http://groups-beta.google.com/group/rec.music.indian.classical/msg/48538f69a95f15fa
Dude, I wish you would research a bit more before putting digit to keyboard. Your fundae are totally gol. Here, lemme straighten them out.
glosses: plural of funda
fundas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Lass, thy fundas are invariably gol!! It's Sweden that Indian guys thought to be the paradise of ... .
ref: 1993, http://groups-beta.google.com/group/soc.culture.indian/msg/26a9f8eb80811a3a
text: Kumar Sanu is nasal. He may copy KK, but at least his fundas are clear.
ref: 1997, http://groups-beta.google.com/group/rec.music.indian.misc/msg/b14f679b6efe9860
text: The fundas are still largely relevant.
ref: 2004, http://groups-beta.google.com/group/soc.culture.indian/msg/9a6e78ba6d05a39c
glosses: plural of funda
unfalsifiable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + falsifiable.
Senses: examples: text: Popper introduced the so-called ‘demarcation problem’ of identifying what distinguishes pseudoscience from science. Popper's suggestion, as I explain below, is that, unlike real science, pseudoscience is unfalsifiable.
ref: 2019, Kevin McCain, Kostas Kampourakis, editors, What is Scientific Knowledge?, Routledge, →ISBN:
text: Unfalsifiability: The main problem with any particular conspiracy theory is not that it's wrong, but that it's inarguable; not that it's false, but that it is unfalsifiable.
ref: 2020, Maj Dr. Ebenezer Kwakye Agyemang (Rtd), DECODING 2019 NOVEL CORONAVIRUS: Outbreak: Conspiracies: Impact, page 153:
antonyms: falsifiable
glosses: Not able to be proven false, but not necessarily true.
raw_tags: of a statement or argument
unfalsifiable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unfalsifiables
Etymology: From un- + falsifiable.
Senses: glosses: A statement or argument that cannot be proven false, but is not necessarily true.
Related terms: logical fallacy
spin doctor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spin doctors
form: spindoctor
Etymology: From spin + doctor. First used describing US politics, early 1980s.
Senses: examples: text: Many believed that the reduction in public spending was a disaster but the spin doctors presented it as a triumph for lower taxation.
text: A dozen men in good suits and women in silk dresses will circulate smoothly among the reporters, spouting confident opinions. They won't be just press agents trying to impart a favorable spin to a routine release. They'll be the Spin Doctors, senior advisers to the candidates, and they'll be playing for very high stakes.
ref: 1984 October 21, “The Debate and the Spin Doctors”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Now that the cold war has ended and political ideologies have been replaced by pollsters and spin doctors, Machiavelli's cleareyed assessments of power dynamics and pragmatic advantage are suddenly in vogue.
ref: 2000 December 3, Alexander Stille, “The Original Spin Doctor”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: William Hague, shadow foreign secretary, said the Williams document was "further evidence that spin doctors, not intelligence analysts, were leading from the first in deciding what the British people were told about Iraq's weapons of mass destruction".
ref: 2008 February 19, Richard Norton-Taylor, quoting William Hague, “Iraq weapons dossier draft reveals role of 'spin doctor'”, in The Guardian:
text: Lord Steel, the former Liberal leader, has launched a despairing attack on the prevalence of spin doctors in politics, noting that he is given "daily outpourings of tweets to circulate" and bombarded by email with "lines to take" on current issues.
ref: 2013 October 31, Rowena Mason, quoting David Steel, “Lord Steel criticises culture of spin and tweeting in modern politics”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
topics: business
government
politics
glosses: A person employed to gloss over a poor public image (or present it in a better light) in business and politics, especially after unfavourable results have been achieved. A lobbyist; PR person.
Synonyms: spinmeister
spinster
spin merchant
Related terms: spin machine
spin control
spin doctoring
spin doctor
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: spin doctors
form: spin doctoring
form: spin doctored
form: spin doctored
form: spindoctor
Etymology: From spin + doctor. First used describing US politics, early 1980s.
Senses: glosses: To generate spin (favourable interpretation or bias).
Derived terms: spin-doctored
somniferous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɒmˈnɪfəɹəs/
ipa: /sɑmˈnɪfəɹəs/
rhymes: -ɪfəɹəs
Forms: form: more somniferous
form: most somniferous
Etymology: From Latin somnifer + -ous, from somnus (“sleep”) + ferre (“to bring”).
Senses: topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
glosses: causing or inducing sleep, normally with harmful overtones.
yonic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjoʊnɪk/
Forms: form: more yonic
form: most yonic
Etymology: From yoni + -ic, from Sanskrit योनि (yoni).
Senses: examples: text: Many orchids are yonic.
ref: 1999, Perry Bathous, Clarissa Flanders, Swell-Wimp, page 107:
text: The Garden of Eden, the Ark, the Gate of the Temple, the Veil of the Mysteries, the vesica piscis or oval nimbus, and the Holy Grail are important yonic symbols[…]
ref: 2011, Manly P. Hall, The Secret Teachings of All Ages, page 226:
text: Porzecanski employs two recurrent phallic and yonic symbols in the narrative.
ref: 2012, Debora Cordeiro Rosa, Trauma, Memory and Identity in Five Jewish Novels:
glosses: In the shape of a vulva (yoni).
examples: text: yonic energy
glosses: Of or relating to the yoni.
Synonyms: vulvar
vulvic
Related terms: penile
phallic
exfoliant
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: exfoliants
Etymology: From exfoliate.
Senses: synonyms: exfoliator
scrub
glosses: An agent or substance used for the process of exfoliation
Related terms: defoliant
turpitude
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɜː(ɹ)pɪtjuːd/
ipa: /ˈtɜɹpətuːd/
Forms: form: turpitudes
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French turpitude, from Latin turpitūdō (“baseness, infamy”), from turpis (“foul, base”).
Senses: examples: text: As for the moral turpitude that man unveiled to me, even with tears of penitence, I cannot, even in memory, dwell on it without a start of horror.
ref: 1886, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde:
glosses: Inherent baseness, depravity or wickedness; corruptness and evilness.
glosses: An act evident of such depravity.
Derived terms: moral turpitude
Related terms: turpid
turpidly
turpitudinous
izzard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪ.zəɹd/
rhymes: -ɪzə(ɹ)d
Forms: form: izzards
Etymology: From Middle English izod, ezod, ezed, from Old French et zede (literally “and zed”), as spoken when reciting the alphabet.
Senses: examples: text: ... [Reading.] Dear Sir,—ay, that's that. Then there's an M, and a T, and an S, but whether the next be an izzard, or an R, confound me, I cannot tell.
ref: 1773, [Oliver] Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer: Or, The Mistakes of a Night. A Comedy. […], London: […] F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page):
qualifier: and archaically in England and Ireland
glosses: The letter Z; zed, zee.
Synonyms: uzzard
Derived terms: A to izzard
baseness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbeɪsnəs/
Forms: form: basenesses
Etymology: From base + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The quality or condition of being base.
glosses: The quality of being unworthy to hold virtues or value.
Synonyms: depravity
tryst
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹɪst/
ipa: /tɹaɪst/
rhymes: -ɪst
rhymes: -aɪst
Forms: form: trysts
Etymology: From Middle English tryst, trist, from Old French triste, tristre (“waiting place, appointed station in hunting”), probably from a North Germanic source such as Old Norse treysta (“to make safe, secure”), from traust (“confidence, trust, security, help, shelter, safe abode”), from Proto-Germanic *traustą (“trust, shelter”), from Proto-Indo-European *deru-, *dreu-, *drū- (“to be firm, be solid”). Doublet of trust (which see).
Senses: examples: text: And Vivien, like the tenderest-hearted maid / That ever bided tryst at village stile, / Made answer, either eyelid wet with tears: […]
ref: 1874, Alfred Tennyson, “Merlin and Vivien”, in Idylls of the King (The Works of Alfred Tennyson; VI), cabinet edition, London: Henry S. King & Co., […], →OCLC, page 23:
text: A silence supreme and altogether European. Shutters drawn, shops barred. A red glow here and there to mark a tryst.
ref: 1934, Henry Miller, Tropic of Cancer, Grove Press, published 1961, page 6:
text: But, for the most part, we shall mark our progress to the dawn of life by the measure of those 40 natural milestones, the trysts that enrich our pilgrimage.
ref: 2004, Richard Dawkins, The Ancestor's Tale: A Pilgrimage to the Dawn of Life, page 11:
text: If someone trusts you, what is lost if you betray that trust? As Scarlett is tempted to see it, sometimes nothing at all. If her husband remains ignorant of her tryst, then his trust in her will remain intact. ‘No one gets hurt’ runs her reasoning, so why not go ahead?
ref: 2005, Julian Baggini, The Pig that Wants to be Eaten: And 99 other thought experiments, №91: “No one gets hurt”, page 271 (Granta; →ISBN, 9781862078550)
glosses: A prearranged meeting or assignation, now especially between lovers to meet at a specific place and time.
glosses: A mutual agreement, a covenant.
coordinate_terms: fair
mart
market
farmers' market
glosses: A market fair, especially a recurring one held on a schedule, where livestock sales took place.
Derived terms: bide tryst
keep tryst
tryst
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɹɪst/
ipa: /tɹaɪst/
rhymes: -ɪst
rhymes: -aɪst
Forms: form: trysts
form: trysting
form: trysted
form: trysted
Etymology: From Middle English tryst, trist, from Old French triste, tristre (“waiting place, appointed station in hunting”), probably from a North Germanic source such as Old Norse treysta (“to make safe, secure”), from traust (“confidence, trust, security, help, shelter, safe abode”), from Proto-Germanic *traustą (“trust, shelter”), from Proto-Indo-European *deru-, *dreu-, *drū- (“to be firm, be solid”). Doublet of trust (which see).
Senses: glosses: To make a tryst; to agree to meet at a place.
glosses: To arrange or appoint (a meeting time etc.).
examples: text: He said he was jealous, and craved something to ease his care. 'It's but a small thing I ask,' says he, 'but it will make me a happy man, and nothing ever shall come atween us. Tryst wi' me for Beltane's E'en on the Sker sands, at the green link o' the burn where the sands begin, on the ebb o' the tide when midnight is by, but afore cockcrow. For,' said he, 'that was our forbears' tryst for true lovers, and wherefore no for you and me?'
ref: 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:
glosses: To keep a tryst, to meet at an agreed place and time.
audiowarez
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From audio- + warez.
Senses: glosses: Warez that are used in music composition and production; pirated audio software.
truckle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹʌkəl/
rhymes: -ʌkəl
Forms: form: truckles
form: troccle
Etymology: From Middle English trokel, trocle, trookyl, from Anglo-Norman trocle, from Medieval Latin trochlea (“a block, sheaf containing one or more pulleys”); or from a diminutive of truck (“wheel”), formed with -le, equivalent to truck + -le.
Senses: glosses: A small wheel; a caster or pulley.
glosses: A small wheel of cheese.
synonyms: truckle bed
trundle bed
trundle
glosses: Ellipsis of truckle bed.
Derived terms: truckle bed
truckle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹʌkəl/
rhymes: -ʌkəl
Forms: form: truckles
form: truckling
form: truckled
form: truckled
Etymology: From Middle English trokel, trocle, trookyl, from Anglo-Norman trocle, from Medieval Latin trochlea (“a block, sheaf containing one or more pulleys”); or from a diminutive of truck (“wheel”), formed with -le, equivalent to truck + -le.
Senses: glosses: To roll or move upon truckles, or casters; to trundle.
glosses: To sleep in a truckle bed.
truckle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹʌkəl/
rhymes: -ʌkəl
Forms: form: truckles
form: truckling
form: truckled
form: truckled
Etymology: From a back formation of truckle bed (a bed on which a pupil slept, because it was rolled on casters into a lower position under the master's larger bed), from Middle English trookylbed. Compare also trundle bed. Assisted by false association with Middle English *trukelen, truken, trokien, trukien, from Old English trucian (“to fail, diminish”), Low German truggeln (“to flatter, fawn”), see truck.
Senses: examples: text: "Why in the world should you spend your money, worry your family, and turn the house upside down for a parcel of girls who don't care a sixpence for you? I thought you had too much pride and sense to truckle to any mortal woman just because she wears French boots and rides in a coupe," said Jo, who, being called from the tragic climax of her novel, was not in the best mood for social enterprises. "I don't truckle, and I hate being patronized as much as you do!" returned Amy indignantly, for the two still jangled when such questions arose.
ref: 1869, Louisa May Alcott, Little Women:
text: There is no doubt […] that truckling to popularity is the worst political vice.
ref: 1899, William Graham Sumner, “The Conquest of the United States by Spain”, in War and Other Essays, Yale, published 1911, page 302:
text: Religion it self is forced to truckle to worldly policy.
ref: 1687, John Norris, A Collection of Miscellanies, consisting of Poems, Essays, Discourses and Letters:
glosses: To act in a submissive manner; to fawn, submit to a superior.
Derived terms: truckler
travail
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: trə-vālʹ
enpr: trăvʹāl'
ipa: /tɹəˈveɪl/
ipa: /ˈtɹævˌeɪl/
rhymes: -eɪl
Forms: form: travails
form: travailing
form: travailed
form: travailed
form: travel
form: travell
Etymology: From Middle English travailen, from Old French travaillier, from the noun (see above). Doublet of travel. Displaced native Middle English swinken (“to work”) (from Old English swincan (“to labour, to toil, to work at”)).
Senses: examples: text: [A]ll slothful persons, which will not travail for their livings, do the will of the devil.
ref: 1552, Hugh Latimer, Fourth Sermon on the Lord's Prayer, Preached before Lady Katherine, Duchess of Suffolk:
text: The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 15:20:
text: Other poet travailing in this plain high-way of paſtoral know I none.
ref: 1714, J[ohn] Gay, “The Proeme to the Courteous Reader”, in The Shepherd’s Week. In Six Pastorals, London: […] R. Burleigh […], →OCLC:
glosses: To toil.
examples: text: A woman when she traveyleth hath sorowe, be cause her houre is come: but as sone as she is delivered off her chylde she remembreth no moare her anguysshe, for ioye that a man is borne in to the worlde.
ref: 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, John:
text: And they iourneyed from Bethel: and there was but a litle way to come to Ephrath; and Rachel traueiled, and she had hard labour.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 35:16:
glosses: To go through the labor of childbirth.
arduously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more arduously
form: most arduously
Etymology: From arduous + -ly.
Senses: glosses: in an arduous manner
fan mail
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Mail sent to a public figure by his or her fans.
Related terms: fan letter
tocsin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɒksɪn/
ipa: /ˈtɑksɪn/
rhymes: -ɒksɪn
homophone: toxin
Forms: form: tocsins
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French, from Old French toquesain (modern tocsin), from Old Occitan tocasenh, from tocar (“strike, touch”) + senh (“bell”).
Senses: examples: text: At half-past one, on the sounding of the tocsin (or bell of the public-house) about fifteen persons were collected, when the Rev. J. Bromley was called to the chair.
ref: 1804 August 23, The Times, p.3 col. C:
text: The noise of drumming and trumpeting came from the Albany Street Barracks, and every church within earshot was hard at work killing sleep with a vehement disorderly tocsin.
ref: 1895–1897, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, “In London”, in The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, published 1898, →OCLC, book I (The Coming of the Martians), page 131:
text: As she entered the projection theatre the soundtrack reverberated across the sculpture garden, a melancholy tocsin modulated by Talbert’s less and less coherent commentary.
ref: 1970, JG Ballard, The Atrocity Exhibition:
text: I'll ring the tocsin, I'll have Saint-Antoine out. I can put twenty thousand armed men on the streets, just like that.
ref: 1992, Hilary Mantel, A Place of Greater Safety, Harper Perennial, published 2007, page 281:
text: Allen Ginsberg had sounded the tocsin for rescuing humanity from the deadening hand of modernity, which he saw in terms of capitalism, materialism, and monotony, each contributing to the crushing of the human spirit.
ref: 2022, Gary Gerstle, chapter 3, in The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order […] , New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, Part II. The Neoliberal Order, 1970–2020:
glosses: An alarm or other signal sounded by a bell or bells, originally especially with reference to France.
glosses: A bell used to sound an alarm.
tergiversation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɝd͡ʒɪvɚˈseɪʃən/
ipa: /tɜːd͡ʒɪvəˈseɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: tergiversations
Etymology: From Latin tergiversātiō, from tergiversārī (“to turn one's back, to evade, to avoid”) + -tiō (“-tion: forming abstract nouns”). Equivalent to tergiversate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: They make their outward impudence their mask, as foxes, the better we may not see where they truly tend, nor their true black tergiversation beneath.
ref: 1985, John Fowles, A Maggot:
glosses: The act of abandoning something or someone, of changing sides; desertion; betrayal.
examples: text: Anyone who desires an hour's amusement may be advised to look up the tergiversations of eminent craniologists in their attempts to prove from brain measurements that women are stupider than men.
ref: 1931, Bertrand Russell, The Scientific Outlook:
glosses: The act of evading any clear course of action or speech, of being deliberately ambiguous; equivocation; fickleness.
Related terms: tergiversate
Jesus freak
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Jesus freaks
Etymology: The phrase originally was applied to those involved in the Jesus movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s, within the context of the freak scene of that era. This usage was seen as pejorative by outsiders and led to the derogatory use. However, some Christians now consider it a reclaimed word, as Christians, especially Christian youth, occasionally use it today as a positive term to let others know that they are not ashamed of their belief in Jesus.
Senses: examples: text: What will people say when they hear that I'm a Jesus freak?
 What will people do when they find out it's true?
 I don't really care if they label me a Jesus freak.
 There ain't no disguisin' the truth.
ref: 1995, “Jesus Freak”, TobyMac (lyrics), performed by dc Talk:
topics: Christianity
glosses: An enthusiastic Christian.
glosses: One who is perceived to be showily, sanctimoniously, or obsessively Christian.
Related terms: Jesus nut
grike
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɹaɪk/
rhymes: -aɪk
Forms: form: grikes
Etymology: Unknown
Senses: examples: text: He climbed over the sedge and eely oarweeds and sat on a stool of rock, resting his ashplant in a grike.
ref: 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses:
text: The Crag is a sort of crag-shaped feature of limestone, rich in minerals and seamed with crevasses or ‘grikes’ as they call them hereabouts.
ref: 1973, Kyril Bonfiglioli, Don't Point That Thing at Me, Penguin, published 2001, page 157:
glosses: A deep cleft formed in limestone surfaces due to water erosion; providing a unique habitat for plants.
Synonyms: scailp
Related terms: clint
limestone pavement
witness tampering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From witness + tampering. First use appears c. 1902 in the Indianapolis Sun.
Senses: topics: criminology
human-sciences
law
sciences
glosses: The act of attempting to improperly alter, influence or prevent the testimony of witnesses within civil or criminal proceedings.
wikipedia: Indianapolis Sun
Related terms: jury tampering
util
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈjuːˌtɪl/
Forms: form: utils
Etymology: Clipping of utility.
Senses: topics: economics
sciences
synonyms: hedon
utile
utilon
antonyms: dolor
glosses: A hypothetical unit measuring satisfaction.
examples: text: Where can I download free disk utils?
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A utility.
examples: text: Boston, South End, ultra modern 1-2 bedroom apts. $260-270. Master TV antenna, burglar alarm, util not included.
ref: 1976 April 10, “Classified advertisement”, in Gay Community News, page 18:
qualifier: housing
glosses: Utilities
EOLed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of EOL
caffeinism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From caffeine + -ism.
Senses: glosses: a toxic condition caused by excessive ingestion of coffee and other caffeine-containing beverages
glosses: addiction to such beverages
affor
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: glosses: Obsolete spelling of afore.
affor
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Senses: examples: text: providid that if it happen one of theym to decesse affor sche be maried, her porcion to be disposed to th’use and behove of Robert my son […]
ref: 1501 Testamenta Eboracensia: A Selection of Wills from the Registry at York Vol. IV (1869, York District Probate Registry, England), page 196
text: prayed him to forgive her, for Lyford had overcome her, and defiled her body before mariage affor he had comended him onto her for a husband.
ref: 1630-1650, William Bradford, journal, as quoted by Janet Farrell Brodie, Contraception and Abortion in Nineteenth-Century America (1994, Cornell University Press), page 38
text: I was in here four times, and went out to try to get on, but couldn't, affor I comed in sixteen years ago, and my old woman was in affor she died.
ref: 1881, John Matthias Weylland, Our Veterans: Life-stories of the London City Mission, page 168:
glosses: Obsolete spelling of afore (“before, in advance of the time of”).
examples: text: She wold have putt in her bill of complant affor my Lord of Richmonde’s counsell.
ref: 16C, title unavailable, as quoted by Arthur Geoffrey Dickens, Clifford Letters of the Sixteenth Century (1962), volume [illegible], page 116
text: Theyn he and v other psons yᵗ ys to wytt Jħn Walker Wyllyā Haslű Thomas ffleccher Perys Holt ƿ Rog’ Leyu’ testefyed this mat’ for thrwe affor me lord the Justys of Lanchastʳ.
ref: 1856, the Rev. F. R. Raines, M.A., F.S.A., “Examynatyons Towcheynge Cokeye More”, in Remains Historical and Literary Connected with the Palatine Counties of Lancaster and Chester, volume 37 (Chetham Society), page 20
glosses: Obsolete spelling of afore (“before, geographically or metaphorically in front of”).
brackish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹækɪʃ/
rhymes: -ækɪʃ
Forms: form: more brackish
form: most brackish
Etymology: From Scottish brack (from Middle Dutch brac (“brackish”)) + -ish. Cognate with Dutch brak (“brackish”), German Low German brack, brakerg, brakig (“brackish”), German brackig (“brackish”), Danish brak (“brackish”), Swedish bräck (“brackish”), Norwegian brakk (“brackish”). Perhaps a distant doublet of brook.
Senses: examples: text: ...by a low courſe and too long ſporting with the briny Ocean it taſts brackiſh and inſalubrious...
ref: 1638, Sir Thomas Herbert, Some years travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique:
text: 1992, Joyce Carol Oates, Black Water, Penguin Books, paperback edition, page 4.
On all sides a powerful brackish marshland odor, the odor of damp, and decay, and black earth, black water.
text: 2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, Random House.
The water we took on at Chatham Isle is now brackish & without a dash of brandy in it, my stomach rebels.
glosses: Salty or slightly salty, as a mixture of fresh and sea water, such as that found in estuaries.
raw_tags: of water
examples: text: Therefore the bread he had to eat
Seemed brackish, less like corn than tares;
ref: 1881, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Poems. A New Edition, F.S. Ellis:
glosses: Distasteful; unpleasant; not appealing to the taste.
glosses: Repulsive
Derived terms: brackishly
brackishness
brackish water
nonbrackish
unbrackish
IUPAC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈaɪjuːpæk/
/ˈjuːpæk/
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Acronym of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, an organization that establishes official names of chemical elements and compounds.
wikipedia: IUPAC
importantly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt.li/
ipa: [ɪmˈpʰɔːʔn̩ʔli]
ipa: [ɪmˈpʰɔːtənt̚li]
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/
ipa: [ɪmˈpʰɔɹʔn̩tli]
ipa: [ɪmˈpʰɔɹʔn̩ʔli]
Forms: form: more importantly
form: most importantly
Etymology: From important + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: These potentially ground-breaking discoveries need to be tempered by the knowledge that very high doses - the equivalent of 100-plus bottles of red wine daily - were given to mice. Importantly, after resveratrol is absorbed into the blood, it is broken down quickly and may have limited effect in humans.
ref: 2009 August 23, Michael Apstein, “Here's to good health - maybe”, in San Francisco Chronicle, page K1:
text: More importantly and closer to life, slangs help build an instant intimacy and informality.
ref: 2021 September 3, Charudutta Panigrahi, “The Intimacy Of Slangs”, in Odisha News, archived from the original on 19 Mar 2025:
text: Importantly, apprenticeships provide an alternate route into employment, giving people from all backgrounds the chance to build in-demand skills and a career for life.
ref: 2023 March 8, Neil Robertson, “Tackling the skills shortage”, in RAIL, number 978, page 33:
qualifier: sentence adverb
glosses: Used to mark a statement as having importance.
examples: text: Even sitting in a restaurant, the person on a cell phone seems importantly busy and on the move.
ref: 2001 January/February, Ian Frazier, “Dearly Disconnected.”, in Mother Jones, volume 25, number 1, page 60:
glosses: In an important manner.
Related terms: self-importantly
ethylene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛθɪˌliːn/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /ˈɛθəˌliːn/
Forms: form: ethylenes
Etymology: From ethyl + -ene.
Senses: examples: text: SE onset depends on a complex network of interactions among plant growth regulators, mainly auxins and cytokinins, during the proembryogenic early stages, and ethylene and gibberellic and abscisic acids later in the development of somatic embryos.
ref: 2015 August 18, Clelia De-la-Peña et al., “The role of chromatin modifications in somatic embryogenesis in plants”, in Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 6, →DOI:
text: As a demonstration, we first establish the correctness of the Jacobian matrices for kinetic models of hydrogen, methane, ethylene, and isopentanol oxidation, then demonstrate the performance achievable on CPUs and GPUs using pyJac via matrix evaluation timing comparisons..
ref: 2016, Kyle E. Niemeyer, Nicholas J. Curtis, Chih-Jen Sung, “pyJac: analytical Jacobian generator for chemical kinetics”, in arXiv:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The common name for the organic chemical compound ethene. The simplest alkene, a colorless gaseous (at room temperature and pressure) hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₂H₄.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The divalent radical derived from ethane.
Synonyms: word: ethene
word: olefiant gas
Derived terms: bromotrifluoroethylene
chloroethylene
chlorotrifluoroethylene
cocaethylene
dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
diethylene
diphenylethylene
ethylenediamine
ethylenediaminetetraacetate
ethylenediaminetetraacetic
ethylene glycol
ethyleneimine
ethylene interpolymer
ethylene oxide
ethylene-vinyl acetate
ethylenic
etorphine
fluoroethylene
haloethylene
hexylene
iodoethylene
isopropylethylene
melene
methene
monoethylene
monoethylene glycol
nitroethylene
nonethylene
nonylene
oligoethylene
oxyethylene
pentaethylenehexamine
perchloroethylene
polyethylene
polyethylene terephthalate
polyoxyethylene
quartene
tetraacetylethylenediamine
tetrabromoethylene
tetrachloroethylene
tetrafluoroethylene
tetrylene
triethylene
triphenylethylene
coup de grâce
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kuː də ɡɹɑs/
note: nonstandard, hyperforeign
ipa: /kuː də ɡɹɑː/
Forms: form: coups de grâce
form: coup de grace
form: coup-de-grace
Etymology: Late 17th century. Borrowed from French coup de grâce (“finishing blow”). Originally referring to a merciful stroke putting a fatally wounded person out of misery or to the shot delivered to the head of a prisoner after facing a firing squad.
Senses: examples: text: After we had row'd, or rather driven about a League and a Half, as we reckon'd it, a raging Wave, Mountain-like, came rolling a-ſtern of us, and plainly bad us expect the Coup-de-Grace.
ref: 1719 May 6 (Gregorian calendar), [Daniel Defoe], The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], →OCLC, page 50:
text: The expression of his face was an appeal; his eyes were full of prayer. […] For what, indeed? For that which we accord to even the meanest creature without sense to demand it, denying it only to the wretched of our own race: for the blessed release, the rite of uttermost compassion, the coup de grâce.
ref: 1889, Ambrose Bierce, The Coup de Grâce:
text: […] they just went "Right, activate radar, hello everybody, we can see you, you can't see us", and plastered everything in 14-and-16-inch gunfire until everything was broken, burning, and not able to fire back, and then they popped out for the coup de grâce.
ref: 2019 March 6, Drachinifel, 30:36 from the start, in The Battle of Samar (Alternate History) - Bring on the Battleships!, archived from the original on 04 Jul 2022:
coordinate_terms: mercy killing
glosses: A final blow or shot given to kill a wounded person or animal.
glosses: A remarkable finishing action.
Related terms: put someone out of their misery
ethene
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɛθiːn/
rhymes: -ɛθiːn
Forms: form: ethenes
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The organic chemical compound ethylene. The simplest alkene, a colorless gaseous (at room temperature and pressure) hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₂H₄
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any alkene derived from ethylene
Synonyms: word: ethylene
word: olefiant gas
Derived terms: word: ethenic
word: ethenide
word: ethenium
word: ethenolysis
word: ethenyl
word: iodoethene
word: polyethene
word: polythene