but
Language: English
Part of speech: conj
Pronunciation: note: stressed form
ipa: /bʌt/
note: stressed form
ipa: [bɐt]
enpr: bŭt
note: stressed form
ipa: /bʊt/
ipa: /bət/
ipa: /bʊʔ/
ipa: /bət/
enpr: bət
rhymes: -ʌt
homophone: butt
Etymology: From Middle English but, buten, boute, bouten, from Old English būtan (“without, outside of, except, only”), from Proto-West Germanic *biūtan, *biūtini, equivalent to be- + out. Cognate with Scots but, bot (“outside, without, but”), Saterland Frisian buute (“without”), West Frisian bûten (“outside of, apart from, other than, except, but”), Dutch buiten (“outside”), Dutch Low Saxon buten (“outside”), German Low German buuten, buute (“outside”), obsolete German baußen (“outside”), Luxembourgish baussen. Compare bin, about.
Senses: examples: text: She is very old but still attractive.
text: She’s welcomed them but been rude to us.
text: You told me I could do that, but she said that I could not.
glosses: However, although, nevertheless, on the other hand (introducing a clause contrary to prior belief or in contrast with the preceding clause or sentence).
examples: text: I am not rich but [I am] poor.  Not John but Peter went there.
text: It’s not so much that we don’t wanna go, but I just haven’t time.
glosses: On the contrary, rather (as a regular adversative conjunction, introducing a word or clause in contrast or contradiction with the preceding negative clause or sentence).
examples: text: But I never said you could do that!
text: In reality, I apprehend every amorous widow on the stage would run the hazard of being condemned as a servile imitation of Dido, but that happily very few of our play-house critics understand enough of Latin to read Virgil.
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume IV, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book X:
text: Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits.
Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.
ref: 2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:
text: Even without hovering drones, a lurking assassin, a thumping score and a denouement, the real-life story of Edward Snowden, a rogue spy on the run, could be straight out of the cinema. But, as with Hollywood, the subplots and exotic locations may distract from the real message: America’s discomfort and its foes’ glee.
ref: 2013 June 29, “Travels and travails”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 55:
glosses: Used at the beginning of a sentence to express opposition to a remark.
examples: text: I cannot but feel offended.
text: My kid does nothing but watch TV all day.
text: And Crispin Crispian shall ne’er go by,
From this day to the ending of the world,
But we in it shall be rememberèd—
ref: 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
text: There is no reason but hath another contrary unto it, saith the wisest party of Philosophers.
ref: 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 15, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
text: And but my noble Moor is true of mind
[…] it were enough to put him to ill thinking.
ref: c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:
text: A deadly silence step by step increased,
 Until it seem'd a horrid presence there,
 And not a man but felt the terror in his hair.
ref: 1819, John Keats, “Lamia”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, part II, page 43:
text: In those days, when my hands were much employed, I read but little, but the least scraps of paper which lay on the ground, my holder, or tablecloth, afforded me as much entertainment, in fact answered the same purpose as the Iliad.
ref: 1854 August 9, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, “Economy”, in Walden; or, Life in the Woods, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC:
glosses: Except that (introducing a subordinate clause which qualifies a negative statement); also, (archaic) with omission of the subject of the subordinate clause, acting as a negative relative, "except one that", "except such that".
examples: text: Wow! But that's amazing!
text: Oh, the engineers would see him sitting in the shade / Strumming with the rhythm that the drivers made / People passing by, they would stop and say / "Oh, my, but that little country boy could play"
ref: 1958 March 31, Chuck Berry, “Johnny B. Goode”, performed by Chuck Berry:
text: Say, Candy and Ronnie, have you seen them yet? / Ooh, but they're so spaced out / B-B-B-Bennie and the Jets / Oh, but they're weird and they're wonderful / Oh, Bennie, she's really keen
ref: 1974 February 4, “Bennie and the Jets”, in Elton John (lyrics), Bernie Taupin (music), Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, performed by Elton John, Davey Johnstone, Dee Murray, Nigel Olsson, track 3:
text: "Jakers, but we worked." With a long breath she shut her eyes. "But it was too much for one woman and a half-grown girl […]"
ref: 2013, Nora Roberts, Irish Thoroughbred, Little, Brown, →ISBN, page 25:
glosses: Used to link an interjection to the following remark as an intensifier.
examples: text: It never rains but it pours
text: I never hear this song but I think of you.
text: No arboret with painted blossomes drest, / And smelling sweet, but there it might be found […]
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
text: For there is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so
ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii]:
glosses: Without it also being the case that; unless that (introducing a necessary concomitant).
examples: text: This man unable to manage his own happineſſe, grew ſo inſolent that he could not go, but either ſpurning his equals, or trampling on his inferiours.
ref: 1639, Thomas Fuller, “Unseasonable Discords betwixt King Baldwine and His Mother; Her Strength in Yeelding to Her Sonne”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], →OCLC, book II, page 84:
glosses: Except with; unless with; without.
examples: text: Observe but how their own principles combat one another.
ref: 1641 May, John Milton, Of Reformation Touching Church-Discipline in England: And the Cavses that hitherto have Hindred it. […], [London]: […] Thomas Vnderhill, →OCLC; republished in (Please provide a date or year):
text: a formidable man but to his friends
ref: 1717, John Dryden [et al.], “(please specify |book=I to XV)”, in Ovid’s Metamorphoses in Fifteen Books. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
glosses: Only; solely; merely.
examples: text: 'Tshall not be long but I'll be here again.
ref: c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
glosses: Until.
examples: text: It is not impossible but next year I may have the honour of waiting on your Lordship at St. Asaph, If I go to Ireland I certainly will go that way.
ref: 1784, Joshua Reynolds, edited by John Ingamells and John Edgcumbe, The Letters of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Yale, published 2000, page 131:
text: “I am convinced, if you were to press this matter earnestly upon her, she would consent.”
“It is not impossible but she might,” said Madame de Seidlits […].
ref: 1789, John Moore, Zeluco, Valancourt, published 2008, page 132:
text: It is not improbable but future observations will add Pliny's Well to the class of irregular reciprocators.
ref: 1813 July, Journal of Natural Philosophy:
qualifier: following a negated expression of improbability
glosses: That.
Synonyms: english: Chester
translation: Chester
word: abbur
sense: except
word: bar
sense: except
word: unless
sense: except
word: excepting
sense: except
word: excluding
sense: except
word: with the exception of
sense: except
word: without
sense: however
word: yet
sense: however
word: although
sense: however
word: ac