cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
mainmast
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmeɪn.mɑːst/
ipa: /ˈmeɪn.mæst/
Forms: form: mainmasts
form: main-mast
Etymology: From main + mast.
Senses: examples: text: O, the most piteous cry of the poor souls! sometimes to see ’em, and not to see ’em; now the ship boring the moon with her main-mast, and anon swallowed with yest and froth, as you’ld thrust a cork into a hogshead.
ref: c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:
text: Then turning to his first Minister, who waited behind him with a white Staff near as tall as the Main-mast of the Royal Soveraign, he observed how contemptible a thing was human Grandeur, which could be mimicked by such diminutive Insects as I […]
ref: 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “A Great Storm Described, the Long-Boat Sent to Fetch Water, the Author Goes with It to Discover the Country. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part II (A Voyage to Brobdingnag), page 58:
text: When we were in the latitude of Martinico, and near making the land, one morning we had a brisk gale of wind, and, carrying too much sail, the main-mast went over the side.
ref: 1789, Olaudah Equiano, chapter 11, in The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano:
text: The try-works are planted between the foremast and mainmast, the most roomy part of the deck.
ref: 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 96, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:
text: […] skating farther than their wont that day they reached that part of the river where the ships had anchored and been frozen in midstream. Among them was the ship of the Muscovite Embassy flying its double-headed black eagle from the main mast, which was hung with many-coloured icicles several yards in length.
ref: 1928, Virginia Woolf, Orlando: A Biography, London: The Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished as Orlando: A Biography (eBook no. 0200331h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, July 2015:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The tallest mast of a sailing ship that has more than one mast; particularly a full-rigged ship.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The second-foremost mast of a non-sailing ship with more than one mast.
Derived terms: mainmast head
mainmastman
Related terms: foremast
jiggermast
mizzenmast
spankermast
cytotoxic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more cytotoxic
form: most cytotoxic
Etymology: From cyto- + toxic.
Senses: glosses: Of, relating to, or being a cytotoxin.
examples: text: A recent study focused on the enzymatic and cytotoxic functions of jellyfish metalloproteases and identified diverse proteolytic effects including gelatinolytic, caseinolytic, and fibrinolytic activities.
ref: 2015 June 18, Mahdokht Jouiaei et al., “Ancient Venom Systems: A Review on Cnidaria Toxins”, in Toxins, volume 7, →DOI:
glosses: Of or relating to cytotoxicity.
Derived terms: anticytotoxic
autocytotoxic
cardiocytotoxic
cytotoxically
cytotoxicant
cytotoxicity
cytotoxic reaction
cytotoxic T cell
exocytotoxic
hepatocytotoxic
hypercytotoxic
hypocytotoxic
immunocytotoxic
lymphocytotoxic
melanocytotoxic
microcytotoxic
myocytotoxic
nanocytotoxic
neurocytotoxic
noncytotoxic
photocytotoxic
precytotoxic
subcytotoxic
cytotoxic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cytotoxics
Etymology: From cyto- + toxic.
Senses: examples: text: Current chemotherapies for cancer are mostly cytotoxics with serious side effects and high incidence of drug resistance.
ref: 2015 August 27, “A Novel Isoquinoline Derivative Anticancer Agent and Its Targeted Delivery to Tumor Cells Using Transferrin-Conjugated Liposomes”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Any cytotoxic substance; a cytotoxin.
epitope
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: epitopes
Etymology: From epi- + -tope.
Senses: examples: Holonym: idiotope
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The part of a biomolecule (such as a protein) which is the target of an immune response
Derived terms: autoepitope
epitopal
epitopic
glycoepitope
immunoepitope
multiepitope
neoepitope
phosphoepitope
polyepitope
Related terms: agretope
allotope
desetope
histotope
paratope
paratope
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: paratopes
Etymology: By surface analysis, para- + -tope.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: That part of the molecule of an antibody that binds to an antigen.
Related terms: agretope
allotope
desetope
epitope
glycotope
histotope
idiotope
supertope
endemial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: endemic
cocked hat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cocked hats
Senses: glosses: A hat with the brim turned up to form two or three points; a bicorn or tricorn
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The triangular space formed by the intersection of the position lines on a chart determined by plotting three bearings; the approximate position of the ship
glosses: A game similar to ninepins, except that only three pins, arranged in a triangle, are used.
Derived terms: beat into a cocked hat
Cocked Hat Club
cocked hat curve
cocked hat double
knock into a cocked hat
throw into a cocked hat
cockscomb
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cockscombs
form: cock's comb
form: cock's-comb
form: coxcomb
Etymology: From Middle English cokkes comb; equivalent to cock + -s- + comb.
Senses: glosses: A fleshy red crest of a rooster
glosses: A red cap once worn by court jesters
glosses: A yellow rattle, Rhinanthus minor (flowering plant native to Eurasia)
examples: text: She saw a square picture framed in the window, two whitewashed cottages each with a little winding path, a bed of red and yellow cockscomb, a sloping field, a row of gum-trees, a child in a blue sunbonnet carrying a basket.
ref: 1929, M. Barnard Eldershaw, A House is Built, Chapter VII, Section xi:
glosses: An annual garden plant (Celosia argentea var. cristata, syn. Celosia cristata), having showy red clusters of flowers
synonyms: word: fop
word: popinjay
word: barbermonger
word: beau
word: blade
word: blood
word: buck
word: carpet knight
word: cockscomb
word: dandy
word: dike
word: dood
word: dude
word: dudelet
word: exquisite
word: fashionable
word: fast man
word: fine gentleman
word: fop
word: foretop
word: fribble
word: gallant
word: go
word: jack-a-dandy
word: Jemmy-Jessamy
word: jetter
word: macaroni
word: masher
word: metrosexual
word: mignon
word: petit maître
word: popinjay
word: pretty boy
word: prig
word: puss-gentleman
word: smart
word: spark
word: spiff
word: swell
word: tippy
word: toff
glosses: A conceited dandy
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A serrated cleat once fitted to the yards of a square-rigged ship and used when the sail was being reefed
Derived terms: word: cockscombed
taxonomic: Celosia argentea var. cristata
alt: syn. Celosia cristata
word: common cockscomb
taxonomic: Celosia argentea var. cristata
alt: syn. Celosia cristata
word: garden cockscomb
taxonomic: Celosia argentea
word: plumed cockscomb
taxonomic: Celosia argentea
word: silver cockscomb
taxonomic: Rhinanthus crista-galli
word: yellow cockscomb
cod-banger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cod-bangers
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A 19th century vessel used to fish for cod using codlines
codline
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: codlines
Etymology: From cod + line.
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: a small line made of eighteen threads, once used for cod fishing, and subsequently in place of rope for delicate work onboard ship
collision bulkhead
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: collision bulkheads
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A strong, watertight transverse bulkhead in the fore part of a ship to prevent water flowing aft in the event of a collision
collision mat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: collision mats
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A large square of canvas, treated with a sealing agent and attached to lines at each corner; hauled over a damaged part of the hull to limit the inflow of water
Bandjalang
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Bundjalung.
Isthmus-Mecayapan Nahuatl
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A variety of the Nahuatl language spoken in parts of Mexico.
Classical Nahuatl
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: The variants of the Nahuatl language spoken in central Mexico at the time of the Spanish colonization.
Synonyms: Aztec
Yatzachi Zapotec
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A variety of Zapotec spoken in Oaxaca, Mexico
drill jig
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: drĭlʹ jĭg'
Forms: form: drill jigs
Senses: glosses: A type of jig that expedites repetitive hole center location on multiple interchangeable parts by acting as a template to guide the twist drill into the precise location of each intended hole center.
soughing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of sough
soughing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: soughings
Senses: examples: text: So she sat, looking at the rain, listening to the many noiseless noises of it, and to the strange soughings of wind in upper branches, when there seemed to be no wind.
ref: 1928, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 8, in Lady Chatterley’s Lover, Gutenberg edition, [Florence, Italy]: [ […] Tipografia Giuntina, […]], →OCLC; republished as Lady Chatterley’s Lover (eBook no. 0100181h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, August 2011, archived from the original on 11 Nov 2020:
text: From the mallee and kurrajong trees came a rowdy chatter of parakeets, while queer soughing of air-currents came from the valley top.
ref: 1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 187:
text: “To drown out the soughing of the wind through the treetops old King Hrethel tried to sing to himself.”
ref: 1961, Norma Lorre Goodrich, “Beowulf”, in The Medieval Myths, New York: The New American Library, page 43:
glosses: A rushing, rustling sound.
dartboards
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of dartboard
proof reader
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: proof readers
form: proofreader
Senses: glosses: A person who reads proof, copy or other text, looking for errors and making corrections
Related terms: proofread
Negus
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: An English surname of unknown derivation.
Negus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Neguses
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of negus (“Ethiopian ruler”).
kindergartner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɪndɚˌɡɑrtnɚ/
ipa: /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːtnə/
Forms: form: kindergartners
form: kindergartener
form: Kindergärtner
form: kindergärtner
Etymology: From kindergarten + -er, with spelling influenced by German Kindergärtner (“kindergarten teacher”).
Senses: examples: text: I partnered the older kids with my kindergartners and let everyone get a taste of teaching or learning from someone different.
ref: 1993, Octavia E. Butler, Parable of the Sower, HEADLINE PUBLISHING GROUP (2019), page 90:
text: All 50 states have had school immunization requirements since the beginning of the 1980s, with incoming kindergartners needing shots to protect against diseases including measles, polio and tetanus. No states require a Covid-19 vaccine for schoolchildren.
ref: 2025 September 3, Deidre McPhillips, Shawn Nottingham, “Florida plans to end vaccine mandates statewide, including for schoolchildren”, in CNN:
glosses: A child who attends a kindergarten.
Derived terms: prekindergartner
kindergartner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɪndɚˌɡɑrtnɚ/
ipa: /ˈkɪndəˌɡɑːtnə/
Forms: form: kindergartners
form: Kindergärtner
form: kindergärtner
Etymology: From German Kindergärtner.
Senses: examples: text: But the heart is generally larger than the creed, as was once strikingly evidenced to me by Louisa Frankenberg, a dear, devout old German kindergartner, who had learned the art of kindergartning [...]
ref: 1887, Elizabeth Palmer Peabody, Education in the Home, the Kindergarten, and the Primary School:
text: [Jean-Jacques] Rousseau rightly insists that man’s education begins at his birth, and that what is acquired unconsciously far exceeds, in amount and importance, what is acquired consciously and through instruction.¹ […] ¹ This is a truth to which kindergærtners ought to give serious heed.
ref: 1898, Thomas Davidson, “Rousseau’s Educational Theories”, in Rousseau and Education According to Nature (Nicholas Murray Butler, editor, The Great Educators), New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, section “Infancy”, page 107:
text: I am a kindergartner, teaching in the Harrington School, New Bedford, Mass., and am a reader of the “Kindergarten Primary Magazine.”
ref: 1919, Harriet L. Shafter, letter, in J. H. Schults, editor, The Kindergarten-Primary Magazine, volume XXXII, Manistee, Mich.: The Kindergarten Magazine Company, page 92, column 1:
text: The book that laid the groundwork for this new ideology was written by a German kindergartner who had emigrated to America in the late 1860s.
ref: 1997, Barbara Beatty, Preschool Education in America: The Culture of Young Children:
text: She went to New York City in 1872 to train under German kindergartner Maria Kraus-Boelte[.]
ref: 1999, Richard J. Altenbaugh, Historical Dictionary of American Education, page 48:
glosses: A person who teaches at a kindergarten.
negus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈniːɡəs/
Forms: form: neguses
Etymology: Named from Colonel Francis Negus (died 1732), its creator.
Senses: examples: text: And when he got home he had a glass of hot negus in his wife's sitting-room, and read the last number of the “Little Dorrit” of the day with great inward satisfaction.
ref: 1857, Anthony Trollope, Barchester Towers. […], copyright edition, volume II, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, published 1859, →OCLC, page 219:
text: Esther began […] to cry. But when the fire had been lit specially to warm her chilled limbs and Adela had plied her with hot negus she began to feel rather a heroine.
ref: 1929, M. Barnard Eldershaw, chapter VII, in A House is Built, section VI:
text: ‘I could sure use a cup of negus and maybe some hot soup,’ he sniffs.
ref: 1982, TC Boyle, Water Music, Penguin, published 2006, page 258:
glosses: A drink made of wine, often port, mixed with hot water, oranges or lemons, spices and sugar.
negus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈniːɡəs/
Forms: form: neguses
Etymology: 1590s, borrowed from Amharic ንጉሥ (nəguś, “king, ruler”), itself a loan from Ge'ez ንጉሥ (nəguś, “king, ruler”), from the verb ነግሠ (nägśä, “rule”).
Senses: examples: text: Sir, the Negus of Ethiopia is here in person; and this is the day of our death, doe what you can to saue your selfe, for my part I meane here to die
ref: 1614 Samuel Purchas, Purchas his pilgrimes. part 2 In fiue bookes, Chap. V. The Voyage of Sir FRANCIS ALVAREZ, a Portugall Priest, made vnto the Court of PRETE IANNI, the great Christian Emperour of Ethiopia, §. XVII. (p. 1102)
text: In the Abyssinian Language a King is call'd Negus. Their Monarch they stile Negus Negasta, which is as much as to say, King of Kings.
ref: 1739, John Campbell, The Travels and Adventures of Edward Brown, page 292:
text: It was a Syrian merchant, Frumentius, who is credited with converting Ezana, the Negus (king or emperor) of the powerful northern Ethiopian state of Aksum.
ref: 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 240:
glosses: A ruler of Abyssinia (Ethiopia), or of a province of Ethiopia; specifically, the king of Ethiopia before 1974.
plesiomorphy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: plesiomorphies
Etymology: From plesio- + -morphy.
Senses: glosses: A character state that is present in both outgroups and in the ancestors
Related terms: apomorphy
shemagh
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: shəmäg'
ipa: /ʃəˈmɑːɡ/
rhymes: -ɑːɡ
Forms: form: shemaghs
form: shamagh
form: shmagh
Etymology: British military use, from Arabic شُمَاغ (šumāḡ).
Senses: glosses: A headcloth designed for a desert environment to protect the wearer from sand and heat.
Synonyms: word: chafiye
word: cemedanî
word: ghutra
word: hattah
word: keffiyeh
word: kufiya
word: mashadah
word: rezza
word: scarf
word: shawl
Hypernyms: word: headcloth
word: headdress
word: headwear
wains
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of wain
jill off
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: jills off
form: jilling off
form: jilled off
form: jilled off
Etymology: By analogy with jack off and "Jack and Jill".
Senses: glosses: To masturbate.
raw_tags: of a female
wikipedia: Jack and Jill
chupa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chupas
form: chupot
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of chuppah.
chupa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chupas
Etymology: From Philippine Spanish chupa, probably from Malay cupak.
Senses: glosses: A unit of volume equivalent to around 375 mL.
make right
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: makes right
form: making right
form: made right
form: made right
Senses: examples: text: We had some bad blood initially, but in the end it was all made right by talking things over.
text: She wondered how she could ever make it right.
text: To make up for being a bad father to you, and to make things right by me, he accepted the offer I made on the company all those months ago.
ref: 2017, Carly Phillips, Going Down Hard:
glosses: To right, rectify, or ameliorate a relationship or situation.
gossipy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: gossipier
form: gossipiest
Etymology: From gossip + -y.
Senses: examples: text: ‘Tell me who you saw and what they said,’ she says, in one of her gossipy moods.
ref: 2016, Sarah Perry, The Essex Serpent, Serpentʼs Tail (2017), page 414:
glosses: Prone to gossip.
examples: text: In examining Capote, Clarke follows the course of the precocious writer's life with painstaking attention to gossipy detail. It's an exhaustive roller coaster of a read, a high-tilt immersion into the social swirl and scandal that accompanied most of Capote's adult life.
ref: 1988 December 11, Elizabeth Pincus, “Truman Capote: The Gossip, The Dirt”, in Gay Community News, volume 16, number 22, page 7:
glosses: Containing much gossip.
Derived terms: gossipily
gossipiness
ungossipy
rightwing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more rightwing
form: most rightwing
Senses: examples: text: The row started over who will run for parliament in a wealthy rightwing constituency on the left bank in Paris, a safe seat for Sarkozy's ruling UMP. Dati is already a local mayor in the neighbourhood, a job felt to have been handed to her on a plate when she was a Sarkozy favourite. She has since fallen from grace, and when she left government she took a European parliament seat, considered a consolation prize.
ref: 2011 December 14, Angelique Chrisafis, “Rachida Dati accuses French PM of sexism and elitism”, in Guardian:
glosses: Alternative spelling of right-wing.
leftwing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of left wing.
leftwing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more leftwing
form: most leftwing
Senses: examples: text: At public and private meetings, in online discussions, independent parliamentary campaigns and other mobilisations, a growing range of leftists, from young ex-Corbynistas to union veterans, are becoming convinced that a new leftwing party is both necessary and timely.
ref: 2024 November 15, Andy Beckett, “Meet the groups trying to create a new leftwing party – and channel the energy missing from Starmer’s Labour”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Alternative spelling of left-wing.
ccTLD
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ccTLDs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of country code top-level domain, any of the top-level domain names assigned to each country or dependent territory by the IANA.
Related terms: word: Country code top-level domain
sense: Active
word: .ac .ad .ae .af .ag .ai .al .am .ao .aq .ar .as .at .au .aw .ax .az .ba .bb .bd .be .bf .bg .bh .bi .bj .bm .bn .bo .br .bs .bt .bw .by .bz .ca .cc .cd .cf .cg .ch .ci .ck .cl .cm .cn .co .cr .cu .cv .cw .cx .cy .cz .de .dj .dk .dm .do .dz .ec .ee .eg .es .et .eu .fi .fj .fk .fm .fo .fr .ga .gd .ge .gf .gg .gh .gi .gl .gm .gn .gp .gq .gr .gs .gt .gu .gw .gy .hk .hm .hn .hr .ht .hu .id .ie .il .im .in .io .iq .ir .is .it .je .jm .jo .jp .ke .kg .kh .ki .km .kn .kp .kr .kw .ky .kz .la .lb .lc .li .lk .lr .ls .lt .lu .lv .ly .ma .mc .md .me .mg .mh .mk .ml .mm .mn .mo .mp .mq .mr .ms .mt .mu .mv .mw .mx .my .mz .na .nc .ne .nf .ng .ni .nl .no .np .nr .nu .nz .om .pa .pe .pf .pg .ph .pk .pl .pm .pn .pr .ps .pt .pw .py .qa .re .ro .rs .ru .rw .sa .sb .sc .sd .se .sg .sh .si .sk .sl .sm .sn .sr .ss .st .sv .sx .sy .sz .tc .td .tf .tg .th .tj .tk .tl .tm .tn .to .tr .tt .tv .tw .tz .ua .ug .uk .us .uy .uz .va .vc .ve .vg .vi .vn .vu .wf .ws .ye .yt .za .zm .zw
word: Reserved
word: unassigned: .bl .bq .eh .er .mf .um Allocated
word: unused: .bv .gb .sj .so Phaseout: .su .tp Deleted
word: retired: .an .bu .cs .dd .zr .yu
sense: See also
word: Generic top-level domain
mischaracterizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of mischaracterize
mischaracterize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: mischaracterizes
form: mischaracterizing
form: mischaracterized
form: mischaracterized
form: mischaracterise
Etymology: From mis- + characterize.
Senses: examples: text: Our small disagreement has been mischaracterized as a deep rift.
glosses: To characterize falsely or mistakenly
Derived terms: mischaracterization
resentments
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of resentment
crazies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of crazy
stiffed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of stiff
oyer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman oyer (“hear”).
Senses: topics: law
glosses: A hearing in a civil case which is based on the content of a document, in which the plaintiff is required to produce the document.
Related terms: oyer and terminer
oyer and terminer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oyer and terminers
form: oyers and terminers
Etymology: From Middle English oier and terminer, oyer and termyner, from Anglo-Norman oyer (“hear”) and terminer (“determine”).
Senses: topics: law
glosses: A commission under which a court is empowered to hear and determine a criminal case.
topics: law
glosses: The hearing or trial carried out under such authority.
tinier
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: comparative form of tiny: more tiny
naturalize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnæt͡ʃəɹəˌlaɪz/
ipa: /ˈnæt͡ʃɹəˌlaɪz/
Forms: form: naturalizes
form: naturalizing
form: naturalized
form: naturalized
form: naturalise
Etymology: From Middle French naturaliser. By surface analysis, natural + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: Pakche was destroyed and five years later, Kokuryo was also swept away by T’ang and Silla. T’ang set up An-tontu-hu-fu (Government headquarters) at P’ing jang to rule the former territories of Pakche and Kokuryo. Many refugees from these destroyed states came to Japan and became naturalized as Japanese.
ref: 1964, Japanese National Commission for UNESCO, “History”, in Japan: Its Land, People and Culture, Revised edition, Printing Bureau, Ministry of Finance, →OCLC, page 20, column 2:
glosses: To grant citizenship to someone not born a citizen.
examples: text: Its wearer suggested that pears and peaches might yet be naturalized in the New England climate.
ref: 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, chapter 8, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:
glosses: To acclimatize an animal or plant.
examples: text: Custom naturalizes labour or study.
glosses: To make natural.
glosses: To limit explanations of a phenomenon to naturalistic ones and exclude supernatural ones.
examples: text: In English, foreign words are typically written in italics until they are naturalized.
text: English speakers have naturalized the French word "café".
text: English orthography often (but not invariably) drops the diacritics from words that it has naturalized from other languages.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
synonyms: paronymize
glosses: To make (a word) a natural part of the language, using the native homologue of each phoneme (and often for each morpheme) of the imported word (e.g., native inflections).
examples: text: Well, any way, Doctor, we will make an appointment for a whole day here next spring ; we will botanize, herbarize and naturalize to our hearts' content, from morn till night."
ref: 1854, Somerton, The heiress of Somerton, page 226:
glosses: To study nature.
Derived terms: word: connaturalize
word: disnaturalize
word: naturalizable
word: naturalized
word: naturalization
word: naturalizer
word: renaturalize
Related terms: topics: linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: approximation
topics: linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: hyperforeignism
topics: linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: loanword
topics: linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
word: unadapted borrowing
nail file
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: nāl′ fīl′
ipa: /ˈneɪl ˌfaɪl/
ipa: /ˈneɪl ˌfʌɪl/
ipa: /ˈnæɪl ˌfɑel/
ipa: /ˈnæɪl ˌfaɪl/
ipa: /ˈnel ˌfaɪl/
ipa: /ˈnel ˌfʌil/
ipa: /ˈnel ˌfəil/
ipa: /ˈneːl ˌfajl/
Forms: form: nail files
form: nailfile
form: nail-file
Senses: glosses: A small file made of soft metal, or a board covered with fine sandpaper, for filing and shaping one's fingernails and toenails.
Songun
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /sɔːnɡʊn/
Etymology: Borrowed from Korean 선군(先軍) (seon'gun, “prioritizing the military”), McCune-Reischauer Sŏn'gun.
Senses: glosses: The official policy of North Korea, by which the military gets first cut on food, clothing, medicine, and other necessities.
wikipedia: McCune-Reischauer
Related terms: militarism
de nada
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: /deɪ ˈnɑdə/
Etymology: From Spanish de nada (it's nothing).
Senses: examples: text: 1976, American review: the magazine of new writing: Issue 25, link
Mooch-ass grassy-ass! Ha ha, de nada, jefe
text: "I'm really grateful to you for being nice to her." "De nada," he answered with a small bow and a quick swipe to her behind as she passed.
ref: 1996, Ellen Feldmen, Rearview mirror, link:
text: She shook her head slowly. “De nada. You don't owe me anything, Rio.
ref: 2010, Lara Adrian, Lara Adrian's Midnight Breed 8-Book Bundle, link:
glosses: You're welcome.
guttersnipe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡʌtɚˌsnaɪp/
Forms: form: guttersnipes
Etymology: From gutter + snipe.
Senses: examples: text: Do not worry, Mrs Kane, we will return you a different boy. The guttersnipe you bring us will not be the boy you get back.
ref: 1980, Bernard MacLaverty, 'Lamb' (novel), (Chapter 6, at page 51 in the 1981 King Penguin paperback edition)
glosses: A person of the lowest social or economic class.
examples: text: Never lose a chance: it doesnt come everyday. I shall make a duchess of this draggletailed guttersnipe.
ref: 1912 (date written), [George] Bernard Shaw, “Pygmalion”, in Androcles and the Lion, Overruled, Pygmalion, London: Constable and Company, published 1916, →OCLC, Act II, page 123:
glosses: A street urchin.
glosses: A broker who sold securities in the street.
Derived terms: guttersnipish
organdie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: organdies
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of organdy.
vitrum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vitra
Etymology: From Latin vitrum.
Senses: examples: text: I imagine it to be some small parcel of the Steel, which by the violence of the motion of the stroke […] is made so glowing hot, that it is melted into a Vitrum, which by the ambient Air is thrust into the form of a Ball.
ref: 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia:
glosses: Glass; a glassy material.
Breda
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹidə/
ipa: /ˈbɹeɪdə/
ipa: /ˈbɹeɪdɑ/
ipa: /bɹeɪˈdɑ/
ipa: /ˈbɹiːdə/
ipa: /ˈbɹeɪdə/
ipa: /ˈbɹeɪdɑː/
ipa: /bɹeɪˈdɑː/
rhymes: -iːdə
rhymes: -eɪdə
rhymes: -ɑː
Forms: form: Bredah
Senses: glosses: A city and municipality in North Brabant, Netherlands.
glosses: A village and municipality in Girona province, Catalonia, Spain.
glosses: A minor city in Carroll County, Iowa, United States.
Kilkenny
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɪlˈkɛni/
rhymes: -ɛni
Etymology: From Irish Cill Chainnigh.
Senses: glosses: A county of Leinster, Ireland.
glosses: A city in and the county town of County Kilkenny.
glosses: Other places named after Kilkenny, Ireland:
A neighbourhood in north-east Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
glosses: Other places named after Kilkenny, Ireland:
A minor city and township in Le Sueur County, Minnesota, United States.
glosses: Other places named after Kilkenny, Ireland:
An unpopulated township in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States.
glosses: Other places named after Kilkenny, Ireland:
A suburb of Adelaide in the City of Charles Sturt, South Australia.
glosses: A surname.
Derived terms: Kilkenny cat
Newbury
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /njubəɹi/
Etymology: From Old English niwe (“new”) + byriġ, the dative case of burh (“fortified place”). Doublet of Newburgh.
Senses: examples: A local government district in Berkshire formed in 1974 and renamed West Berkshire in April 1998.
glosses: A town and civil parish with a town council in West Berkshire district, Berkshire, England (OS grid ref SU4767).
glosses: A hamlet in the south of Tonge parish, Swale district, Kent, England (OS grid ref TQ9259).
glosses: A village in Middlesex County, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A place in the United States:
A township in LaGrange County, Indiana.
glosses: A place in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Wabaunsee County, Kansas.
glosses: A place in the United States:
A town in Essex County, Massachusetts.
glosses: A place in the United States:
A town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire.
glosses: A place in the United States:
A township in Geauga County, Ohio.
glosses: A place in the United States:
A town and village therein, in Orange County, Vermont.
glosses: A small rural settlement near Palmerston North, Manawatū-Whanganui region, New Zealand.
glosses: A locality in the Shire of Hepburn, Victoria, Australia.
glosses: A surname.
Derived terms: Newbury Park
Related terms: Newburgh
New City
Newton
new town
New Town
Newtown
Newville
Oldbury
Old City
old town
Old Town
oldtown
Clint
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /klɪnt/
rhymes: -ɪnt
Etymology: Diminutive of Clinton.
The Yorkshire place name is from Old Danish klint.
Senses: glosses: A male given name.
glosses: A village in Clint cum Hamlets parish, Harrogate borough, North Yorkshire, England (OS grid ref SE2659).
glosses: A town in El Paso County, Texas, United States, named after settler Mary Clinton Collins.
Courtney
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɔː(ɹ)tni/
Forms: form: Courtneys
form: Cotney
form: Kourtney
form: Courteney
Etymology: Variant of Courtenay, an aristocratic Norman surname derived from place names in Normandy, from Latin Curtenus, a personal name from curtus (“short”).
Senses: examples: text: Sir Edward Courtney, and the haughty prelate,
Bishop of Exeter, his brother there,
With many moe confederates are in arms.
ref: c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:
glosses: A surname from Old French.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
examples: text: "One girl ten, another one eight. Courtney and Ashley. I'd have named 'em something else. Sara and Diane, Patti and Jill, something like that. I don't even understand girls.
ref: 1985, Sue Grafton, B is for Burglar, Macmillan, published 2005, →ISBN, page 125:
glosses: A female given name transferred from the surname, popular in the 1980s and the 1990s.
glosses: A place in the United States:
An unincorporated community in Jackson County, Missouri.
glosses: A place in the United States:
An unincorporated community in South Liberty Township, Yadkin County, North Carolina.
glosses: A place in the United States:
A village in Union Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania.
Acapulco
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɑ.kəˈpʊl.koʊ/
ipa: /ˌæ.kəˈpʊl.koʊ/
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish Acapulco, from a Nahuan language; cf. Classical Nahuatl Acapolco, from acatl (“reed”) + -pol (“big”) + -co (“at, to, from”).
Senses: examples: text: Going loco down in Acapulco / If you stay too long / Yes, you'll be going loco down in Acapulco / The magic down there is so strong
ref: 1988, Phil Collins, “Loco in Acapulco”, in Indestructible, performed by Four Tops:
glosses: A port city on the west coast of Guerrero, Mexico.
glosses: A municipality whose municipal seat is the city of the same name.
Derived terms: Acapulcan
acapulcoite
Tianjin
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: tyěnʹjǐnʹ
Forms: form: Tien-tsin
form: Tientsin
form: T'ien-chin
form: Tienchin
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 天津 (Tiānjīn, literally “heavenly ford; heavenly crossing”).
Senses: examples: text: The vast majority of factories are state owned. We visited state-owned factories ranging in size from the one thousand six hundred-worker Dong Feng (“East Wind”) Watch Factory in Tianjin to the huge one hundred fifty thousand-worker Anshan Iron and Steel Company in the Northeast.
ref: 1975, Janet Goldwasser, Stuart Dowty, “Of Chivas Regal and Mao Tse-tung”, in Huan-Ying: Worker's China, New York: Monthly Review Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 38:
text: Watch or run in the fourth annual 42-kilometer Tianjin race on a 15-day tour starting October 23 in Beijing.
ref: 1985 July, “For travel planners, a July 1985 check list”, in Sunset, volume 175, number 1, page 8:
text: As of March this year, pipelines accommodating 17 MW were already installed between Donghai and a pilot wind project in Bohai Bay near Tianjin.
ref: 2010 September 7, Manuela Zoninsein, “Chinese Offshore Development Blows Past U.S.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 17 Apr 2022, ClimateWire:
text: Fears that the death toll from the explosion disaster in Tianjin, northeast China, could top 200 were stoked today as state media declared that 112 people had died as a result of Wednesday’s accident, with 95 more missing.
ref: 2015 August 16, Jamie Fullerton, “Tianjin disaster death toll may top 200”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 03 Oct 2021:
text: Germany's Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock arrived in the Chinese port city of Tianjin on Thursday to begin her three-day tour of the country.[…]
On Thursday, Baerbock is set to visit a school in Tianjin that teaches German as part of the German Foreign Office's PASCH initiative.
ref: 2023 April 13, “Germany: EU 'cannot be indifferent' to China-Taiwan tensions”, in DW News, archived from the original on 14 Apr 2023, Politics:
glosses: A direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China, between Beijing and the Bohai Bay.
Synonyms: T'ien-ching
Derived terms: Tianjin preserved vegetable
self-starter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: self-starters
Etymology: From self- + starter.
Senses: examples: text: Purchasing a snowplow transforms Homer into a new man. Mr. Burns' laziest employee suddenly becomes an ambitious self-starter who buys ad time on local television at 3:17 A.M^([sic]) (prime viewing hours, Homer gingerly volunteers, for everyone from alcoholics to the unemployable to garden-variety angry loners) and makes a homemade commercial costarring his family.
ref: 2012 June 3, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Mr. Plow” (season 4, episode 9; originally aired 11/19/1992)”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: A person who shows initiative and resourcefulness.
synonyms: starter
glosses: A mechanism (usually one operated by electricity, compressed air, a spring, or an explosive gas), attached to an internal-combustion engine, as on an automobile, and used as a means of starting the engine without cranking it by hand.
examples: text: His ancient Cadillac was one of the first self-starters.
glosses: An engine so equipped, or the vehicle that it powers.
Related terms: self-starting
photocatalysis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From photo- + catalysis.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: catalysis by a photocatalyst
photocatalyst
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: photocatalysts
Etymology: From photo- + catalyst.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A substance that absorbs light and, in doing so, catalyzes a reaction.
Derived terms: nanophotocatalyst
Related terms: photocatalysis
photosynthesis
Guadalajara
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɡwɑːdələˈhɑːɹə/
ipa: /ˌɡwɑdələˈhɑɹə/
rhymes: -ɑːɹə
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish Guadalajara, from Arabic وَادِي الْحِجَارَة (wādī l-ḥijāra, literally “valley of stones”).
The city in Mexico was named after the city in Spain by conquistadores.
Senses: glosses: A province of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Capital: Guadalajara.
glosses: A city, the capital of Guadalajara, Spain.
examples: text: For much of the 20th century, the image of Mexico popularized abroad through film, music, art and literature was, more accurately, a portrayal of Jalisco state and especially its capital, Guadalajara.
ref: 2023 November 17, Michael Snyder, “A Guide to Guadalajara, Mexico’s City of Makers”, in The New York Times Style Magazine, archived from the original on 17 Nov 2023:
glosses: A city, the capital of Jalisco, in central Mexico.
Related terms: Guadalcanal
Guadalquivir
Guadalupe
Guadiana
Wiesbaden
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From German Wiesbaden.
Senses: glosses: The capital city of Hesse, Germany, on the River Rhine.
advisement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: advisements
form: avisement
Etymology: From Middle English advisement, avisement, from Old French advisement, avisement, from adviser, aviser + -ment.
Senses: examples: text: He took the situation under advisement, but was able to draw no conclusion.
glosses: Consideration or deliberation.
examples: text: Her wiſely comforted all, that ſhe might, / With goodly counſell and aduiſement right; […]
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 141:
glosses: Advice, counsel.
Derived terms: take under advisement
adversarial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌæd.vəˈsɛə.ɹi.əl/
ipa: /ˌæd.vɚˈsɛɚ.i.əl/
ipa: /ˌæd.vəˈseː.ɹi.əl/
Forms: form: more adversarial
form: most adversarial
Etymology: Probably from adversary + -al
Senses: examples: text: In polling by the Pew Research Center in November 2008, fully half the respondents thought the two parties would cooperate more in the coming year, versus only 36 percent who thought the climate would grow more adversarial.
ref: 2012 November 7, Matt Bai, “Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times:
text: The White Paper therefore aims to tackle complexity rather then ownership of the railways, and to eliminate "the adversarial relationships between operators, suppliers, NR and government".
ref: 2021 June 2, “Network News: Simplification, not nationalisation”, in RAIL, number 932, page 9:
glosses: Characteristic of, or in the manner of, an adversary; combative, hostile, opposed.
examples: text: Canada uses an adversarial system of criminal justice, whereas France uses an inquisitorial model.
topics: law
glosses: In which issues are tried through the presentation of evidence and argument by adverse parties, with no or limited inquiry by the court's own initiative.
Derived terms: adversarial collaboration
adversariality
adversarially
adversarialness
adversarial stylometry
adversarial system
generative adversarial network
nonadversarial
unadversarial
adroitness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: adroitnesses
Etymology: From adroit + -ness.
Senses: glosses: skillfulness or ease of ability.
skillfulness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: skillfulnesses
Etymology: From Middle English skylfulnesse, equivalent to skillful + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state or quality of being adept or skillful.
Synonyms: skillage
adoptable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more adoptable
form: most adoptable
Etymology: From adopt + -able.
Senses: examples: text: Only after reaching three weeks of age are the infants considered adoptable.
glosses: Able to be adopted.
examples: text: Personability and youthful vigor make this puppy highly adoptable.
glosses: Desirable to adopt.
Derived terms: adoptability
unadoptable
adoptable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: adoptables
Etymology: From adopt + -able.
Senses: glosses: A person or animal that is eligible to be adopted.
topics: games
gaming
glosses: A unique creature for a user to adopt.
topics: art
arts
related: word: adopt
glosses: A character designed by an artist that one can claim ownership of.
adman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: admen
Etymology: From ad + -man.
Senses: glosses: A person in the business of devising, writing, illustrating or selling advertisements.
admissibility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ədˌmɪsəˈbɪləti/
Forms: form: admissibilities
form: admissability
Etymology: From admissible + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: Constructional costs are kept to a minimum by the admissibility of heavy grades and sharp curvature.
ref: 1946 May and June, “Logging Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 151:
synonyms: admissibleness
permissibility
permissibleness
antonyms: inadmissibility
glosses: The state or quality of being admissible or allowable.
adulator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: adulators
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin adūlātor.
Senses: glosses: One who lavishes excessive praises or flattery; one who adulates.
Derived terms: adulatress
yes'm
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɛsəm/
rhymes: -ɛsəm
Etymology: yes + -'m, a contraction of ma'am (itself a contraction of madam).
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of yessum.
run-on
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Continuing on where a rhetorical pause would be more appropriate.
examples: text: Most dictionaries cover most adverbs with only run-on entries.
glosses: Placed or coming at the end of something, such as at the end of a dictionary entry.
run-on
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: run-ons
Senses: topics: ball-games
games
hobbies
lifestyle
rugby
soccer
sports
glosses: An amount of time spent playing on the field during a game, especially so as to evaluate a player's abilities.
examples: text: She reads musically. No harsh stops, no broken-breathy run-ons, no ups and down soft and fast fluctuations.
ref: 1974 April 27, Barba Biccirilli, “Learning To Dare”, in Gay Community News, page 3:
glosses: A run-on sentence.
glosses: Anything that runs on, such as a run-on entry in a dictionary.
topics: engineering
machining
mechanical-engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The period when a power saw or other tool continues to run after being powered off.
ornithopters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ornithopter
bacteriostatic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more bacteriostatic
form: most bacteriostatic
form: bacteristatic
Etymology: From bacterio- + -static.
Senses: examples: text: All these compounds were bacteriostatic, affecting the bacterial metabolism and preventing its multiplication in the host, thereby permitting natural body defences to succeed against the invader.
ref: 1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 438:
coordinate_terms: bactericidal
bacteriocidal
glosses: Of or relating to bacteriostasis or a bacteriostat; inhibiting the growth of bacteria without destroying them.
Derived terms: bacteriostatically
mycobacteriostatic
nonbacteriostatic
bacteriostatic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bacteriostatics
form: bacteristatic
Etymology: From bacterio- + -static.
Senses: hypernyms: microbiostatic#Noun
coordinate_terms: bactericide
bacteriocide
fungistatic#Noun
mycostatic#Noun
glosses: An agent (drug or other substance) that is bacteriostatic.
third cousin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: third cousins
Senses: glosses: A grandchild of one's grandparent's first cousin.
Related terms: Cousin chart
Sheridan
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈʃɛɹɪdən/
Etymology: As a surname, from Irish Ó Sirideáin.
Senses: glosses: A surname from Irish.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname.
glosses: A female given name transferred from the surname, of uncommon modern usage.
glosses: Any of many place names, including:
A city, the county seat of Grant County, Arkansas, United States.
glosses: Any of many place names, including:
A census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States.
glosses: Any of many place names, including:
A town in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States.
glosses: Any of many place names, including:
A city, the county seat of Sheridan County, Wyoming, United States.
Derived terms: Sheridan County
Related terms: Richard Brinsley Sheridan
Irish playwright
cabalistic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more cabalistic
form: most cabalistic
form: cabbalistic
form: kabbalistic
form: qabalistic
Etymology: From cabalist + -ic or cabal + -istic.
From kabbalist + -ic or kabal + -istic.
From qabalist + -ic or qabal + -istic.
Senses: glosses: Of or relating to a cabal; secretive and cliquish.
examples: text: In the coming months "OK" was described as cabalistic on many occasions. The term "cabalistic" was used in a virtual sense in that the expression seemed to have an inexplicably popular and inexplicably expressive dimension to it.
ref: 2002, Jim Fay, The Choctaw Expression "Okeh" and the Americanism "Okay":
glosses: Inexplicitly popular and expressive.
examples: text: Aaron is the author of "Bet Aharon" (Aaron's House; Brody, 1875), which contains his cabalistic and ethical expositions of the Pentateuch.
ref: 1906, Jewish Encyclopedia:
glosses: Of or relating to Kabbalah.
Derived terms: cabalistical
cabalistically
cliquish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkliːkɪʃ/
ipa: /ˈklɪkɪʃ/
rhymes: -iːkɪʃ
rhymes: -ɪkɪʃ
Forms: form: more cliquish
form: most cliquish
Etymology: From clique + -ish.
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to a clique.
examples: text: But Mr. Kleinzahler, 55, noted both for poems that jarringly marry the high and the low and for keeping his distance from the New York illuminati, has found himself late in his career in a rather awkward spot: the cusp of respectability in the cliquish world of poetry.
ref: 2005 February 8, Timothy Williams, “In Addition to His Pugnacity and Charm, He Can Write Poetry”, in The New York Times:
glosses: Tending to associate with a small and exclusive group.
Derived terms: cliquishly
cliquishness
uncliquish
surreply
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: surreplies
form: sur-reply
Senses: topics: law
glosses: An additional reply to a motion filed after the motion has already been briefed.
surreplies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of surreply