cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
vaulting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vaultings
Senses: glosses: The practice of constructing vaults, or a particular method of such construction.
examples: text: Spreading over the high vaultings and walls, the traditional scenes from the life of Christ are depicted on an immense scale.
ref: 1928, Robert Byron, “The Beauty of Wealth”, in The Station: Athos: Treasures and Men, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, →OCLC, page 242:
glosses: A vaulted structure; such structures treated as a group.
glosses: The sport of gymnastics and dance routines performed on horseback, and on the longe line.
Derived terms: cross-vaulting
pole-vaulting
vaulting box
vaulting school
vaulting-school
vaulting table
vaulting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of vault
vaulting
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more vaulting
form: most vaulting
Senses: glosses: Leaning upward or over.
examples: text: Vaulting ambition.
text: On Long Bets […] there is an open bet between the British astrophysicist Martin Rees, a noted worrier over apocalyptic possibilities, and Harvard University’s Steven Pinker, famous for his vaulting optimism.
ref: 2021 May 29, Ross Douthat, “Why the Lab Leak Theory Matters”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Exaggerated or overreaching.
glosses: Performing.
Derived terms: fan vaulting
vaulting horse
equestrian vaulting
vaulting horse
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vaulting horses
Senses: topics: gymnastics
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: An apparatus with an upholstered body but no pommels; since about 2000 replaced with vault, also called vaulting table.
Related terms: pommel horse
vegetable marrow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vegetable marrows
Senses: glosses: the marrow squash
Hypernyms: topics: scientific
sciences
word: Cucurbita pepo
vehemence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈviːəmən(t)s/
ipa: /ˈviːhəmən(t)s/
Forms: form: vehemences
Etymology: From Middle English vehemens, vemance, from Old French vëemence, vehemence, from Latin vehementia (“eagerness, strength”), from vehemens (“eager”).
Senses: examples: text: The bear attacked with vengeance and vehemence.
glosses: An intense concentration, force or power.
examples: text: His response was bursting with hatred and vehemence.
text: This worrisome tendency was on display in recent weeks as Israelis reacted with striking vehemence to remarks by UN secretary general, Ban Ki-moon, and US ambassador to Israel, Daniel Shapiro.
ref: 2016 February 6, Israel’s prickliness blocks the long quest for peace, “The National”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: A wild or turbulent ferocity or fury.
examples: text: I could not wonder at the vehemence of her care, her very soul was tenderness […]
ref: 1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter I, in The Last Man. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 8:
glosses: Eagerness, fervor, excessive strong feeling.
Related terms: vehemency
vehement
veined
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /veɪnd/
rhymes: -eɪnd
Forms: form: more veined
form: most veined
Senses: examples: text: 'veined cheese, veined marble
text: These blue-vein’d violets whereon we lean
Never can blab, nor know not what we mean.
ref: 1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], →OCLC:
text: A queenly creature with her quiet grace,
And dazzling white hand veined cerulean:
ref: 1856, Gerald Massey, Craigcrook Castle, London: David Bogue, page 15:
text: For a moment he silently scrutinised the attentive group out of his filmy blue eyes overhung by old veined lids […]
ref: 1920, Edith Wharton, The Age of Innocence, Book I, Chapter 1:
glosses: Having veins or veinlike markings.
Derived terms: black-veined white
fan-veined
feather-veined
green-veined white
red-veined
red-veined darter
red-veined dock
veined
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /veɪnd/
rhymes: -eɪnd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of vein
veining
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: veinings
Senses: examples: text: 1890, Ambrose Bierce, “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge”, in Tales of Soldiers and Civilians, New York: Lovell, Corvell & Co., 1891, p. 32,
He looked at the forest on the bank of the stream, saw the individual trees, the leaves and the veining of each leaf—saw the very insects upon them, the locusts, the brilliant-bodied flies, the gray spiders stretching their webs from twig to twig.
text: His downcast eyes followed the silent veining of the oaken slab. Beauty: it curves: curves are beauty.
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
text: Surrounding, a system of marble paneling applies to the walls, as we know wood. Sheets of stone, cut and cut again so that the veining of each piece may form symmetrical pattern with its neighbor, alternate with bands of other marbles set in delicately notched beveling.
ref: 1929, Robert Byron, The Byzantine Achievement, Part 2, Chapter 9:
glosses: An arrangement of veins or veinlike markings.
veining
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of vein
velveteen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛlvətiːn/
enpr: vĕl􂀽'və-tēn
Forms: form: velveteens
Etymology: From velvet + -een. Compare veloutine, from French.
Senses: examples: text: […] I'm trying to build a story that not only unlocks the velveteen secrets of her teenager's heart, but also contains action, development, along with—God help me—some imitation of meaning.
ref: 2010, Jennifer Egan, “Forty-Minute Lunch […] ”, in A Visit from the Goon Squad:
synonyms: velveret
glosses: A cotton fabric with a short pile, resembling velvet.
Derived terms: black velveteen
velveteened
Related terms: beaverteen
velveret
vending machine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛndɪŋ məˌʃiːn/
Forms: form: vending machines
form: vending-machine
Etymology: This name for such a machine is attested since 1889. The concept of such a machine is centuries older (for more, see Wikipedia at vending machine § History).
Senses: examples: text: Meronyms: bill acceptor, card swipe, change slot, coin return, coin slot, flavor strip
text: It is not clear to all operators of vending machines, though, that their future lies in dispensing meals, rather than snacks or candy.
ref: 1992 September 9, Trish Hall, “Vending Machines, the Next Generation in Dining”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Passengers may find themselves in a catch-22 situation, unable to buy a ticket for any number of reasons, ranging from an out-of-order ticket vending machine to a lengthy queue to use one, and yet then fall foul of the penalty fare regime.
ref: 2023 July 26, Christian Wolmar, “Closing ticket offices to lead to 'catch-22' for passengers”, in RAL, number 988, page 42:
hypernyms: machine
glosses: An automatic machine that dispenses merchandise (often food or beverages) in return for payment (originally coins; now also often paper money, credit cards, and wirelessly via digital payment apps).
Related terms: vendor
automat
automatic teller machine
cash machine
coin-in-the-slot
coin-op
ticket machine
scholarship
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɒləʃɪp/
ipa: /ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/
Forms: form: scholarships
Etymology: From scholar + -ship.
Senses: examples: text: There were proposals to revive choir scholarships, because a shortage of regular choristers meant that weddings often went choirless.
ref: 2013, Stuart Wolfendale, Imperial to International, page 192:
text: Since I was a teenager I have had to play different characters, negotiating the cultural expectations of a Pakistani family, Brit-Asian rudeboy culture, and a scholarship to private school.
ref: 2016 September 15, Riz Ahmed, “Typecast as a terrorist”, in The Guardian:
text: There is a significant investment in scholarships and fellowships and traineeships, so that we are also making sure that we’re investing in domestic work force.
ref: 2021 May 18, Catie Edmondson, quoting Debbie Altenburg, “Senate Weighs Investing $120 Billion in Science to Counter China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, archived from the original on 02 Jun 2021:
synonyms: allowance
grant
stipend
subsidy
bursary
fellowship
glosses: A grant-in-aid to a student.
glosses: The character or qualities of a scholar.
synonyms: scholarly method
glosses: The activity, methods or attainments of a scholar.
examples: text: I found the website and found people mingling scholarship with faith – great googly moogly!
ref: 2010, Michael T. Cooper, Contemporary Druidry: A Historical and Ethnographic Study, →ISBN:
synonyms: learning
erudition
education
knowledge
glosses: The sum of knowledge accrued by scholars; the realm of refined learning.
glosses: The first year of high school, often accompanied by exams that needed to be passed before advancement to the higher grades.
Derived terms: pseudo-scholarship
scholarshipper
Related terms: word: school
word: scholar
word: scholarly
word: scholarism
word: scholastic
word: scholasticism
word: scholasticate
word: researchship
scholarship
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɒləʃɪp/
ipa: /ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/
Forms: form: scholarships
form: scholarshiping
form: scholarshipping
form: scholarshiped
form: scholarshiped
form: scholarshipped
form: scholarshipped
Etymology: From scholar + -ship.
Senses: examples: text: Up from the tenements of the Lower East Side, he had scholarshiped at Cornell and Harvard Law.
ref: 2012, Joseph Miller, The Wicked Wine of Democracy, →ISBN, page 205:
glosses: To attend an institution on a scholarship.
examples: text: In the first year, twenty children were scholarshiped to attend the Kids Across America Kamp in Branson, Missouri.
ref: 2006, Lloyd Reeb, Unlimited Partnership, →ISBN, page 138:
text: Judith Lewis is a doctoral student at State University, and she also works full-time as an academic tutor for 10 scholarshiped student athletes.
ref: 2012, Bernard W. Taylor, Introduction to Management Science:, page 632:
glosses: To grant a scholarship to.
vendetta
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɛnˈdɛtə/
ipa: [vɛnˈdɛɾə]
rhymes: -ɛtə
Forms: form: vendettas
form: vendette
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian vendetta (“revenge”), from Latin vindicta. See vindicate, avenge.
Senses: glosses: Revenge.
examples: text: The families had been locked in a bitter vendetta for generations.
glosses: A bitter, destructive feud, normally between two families, clans, or factions, in which each injury or slaying is revenged: a blood feud.
examples: text: personal vendetta
text: blood vendetta
qualifier: often preceded by personal
glosses: A motivational grudge against a person or faction, which may or may not be reciprocated; the state of having it in for someone.
Derived terms: vendettist
venerable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛnəɹəbl/
ipa: /ˈvɛnɹəbl/
Forms: form: more venerable
form: most venerable
Etymology: From Middle French vénérable, from Old French, from Latin venerabilis.
Senses: examples: text: Dotcom mania was slow in coming to higher education, but now it has the venerable industry firmly in its grip. Since the launch early last year of Udacity and Coursera, two Silicon Valley start-ups offering free education through MOOCs, massive open online courses, the ivory towers of academia have been shaken to their foundations.
ref: 2013 July 20, “The attack of the MOOCs”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
glosses: Commanding respect because of age, dignity, character or position.
examples: text: We looked at the venerable stream not in the vivid flush of a short day that comes and departs for ever, but in the pacific yet august light of abiding memories.
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 194, column 1:
synonyms: honorable
respectable
antonyms: contemptible
glosses: Worthy of reverence.
examples: text: And then bills were sent in, and the question arose, what could Jude do with his great-aunt's heavy old furniture if he left the town to travel he knew not whither? This, and the necessity of ready money, compelled him to decide on an auction, much as he would have preferred to keep the venerable goods.
ref: 1894 December – 1895 November, Thomas Hardy, chapter VI, in Jude the Obscure, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], published 1896, →OCLC, part V (At Aldbrickham and Elswhere), page 360:
synonyms: word: aged
word: dated
word: hoary
word: ancient
word: aged
word: age-old
word: antediluvian
word: auld
word: cobwebbed
word: cobwebby
word: decrepit
word: eld
word: eldern
word: gray
word: hoary
word: moss-grown
word: old
word: old as the hills
word: old as the Pyramids
word: olden
word: older than dirt
word: older than the hills
word: older than the Pyramids
word: venerable
word: wintry
word: anachronistic
word: antediluvial
word: antediluvian
word: antiquated
word: antique
word: archaic
word: backward
word: backwards
word: behind the times
word: cobwebbed
word: cobwebby
word: dated
word: defunct
word: discontinued
word: disused
word: dootsie
word: elderly
word: extinct
word: expired
word: fossilized
word: Havishamesque
word: idle
word: Miss Havishamesque
word: obsolete
word: old
word: oldfangled
word: old-fashioned
word: old school
word: outdated
word: outmoded
word: out of date
word: out of fashion
word: outworn
word: parachronistic
word: passé
word: superannuated
word: superseded
word: unemployed
word: unoccupied
word: venerable
word: workless
glosses: Ancient, antiquated or archaic.
glosses: Made sacred especially by religious or historical association.
glosses: Giving an impression of aged goodness and benevolence.
grant-in-aid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: grants-in-aid
Senses: glosses: The giving of national funds to subsidize a local or regional project.
glosses: Providing funds to an institution (such as a school) or person to subsidize a specific project or activity, such as a scholarship.
veneration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: venerations
Etymology: From Middle French vénération, from Old French veneracion, from Latin veneratio.
Senses: glosses: The act of venerating or the state of being venerated.
examples: text: In Miss Jemima's eyes an autograph letter of her sister, Miss Pinkerton, was an object of as deep veneration as would have been a letter from a sovereign.
ref: 1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Chiswick Mall”, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 2:
glosses: Profound reverence, respect or awe.
glosses: Religious zeal, idolatry or devotion.
venereal disease
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: venereal diseases
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Any of several contagious diseases, such as syphilis and gonorrhea, contracted through sexual intercourse.
Synonyms: VD
sexually transmitted disease
sexually transmitted infection
Derived terms: brick venereal disease
vengeful
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛnʒ.fəl/
Forms: form: more vengeful
form: most vengeful
Etymology: From venge + -ful.
Senses: examples: text: His chains now broken, the prisoner turned a vengeful eye toward his former captors.
text: A vengeful mother-of-three has been jailed for 168 days after being convicted of killing a neighbour's kitten by microwaving the 10-week-old pet.
ref: 2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in Guardian:
glosses: Vindictive or wanting vengeance.
Synonyms: word: avengeful
word: pluckcrow
word: revengeful
word: vengeable
word: vengeful
word: vengesome
word: vindical
word: vindictive
word: wreakful
Hyponyms: word: revanchist
word: petty
Derived terms: vengefully
vengefulness
Related terms: word: avenge
word: vengeance
word: revenge
ventilate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛntɪleɪt/
Forms: form: ventilates
form: ventilating
form: ventilated
form: ventilated
Etymology: From Middle English, borrowed from Latin ventilātus, past participle of ventilō.
Senses: glosses: To replace stale or noxious air with fresh.
glosses: To circulate air through a building, etc.
glosses: To provide with a vent.
glosses: To expose something to the circulation of fresh air.
examples: text: "Well, I did my best. I had no hopes, and it has worked out as I thought. It is a pure waste of time." "Not at all," Malone answered. "It has ventilated an evil. There were reporters in court. Surely some of them have some sense. They will note the injustice."
ref: 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:
text: The WR has dropped its plan to close Yeovil Junction station. As we predicted on page 376 of the June issue, there has been strong opposition to the suggestion and on July 10 local opinion ventilated its case at a Yeovil Town Hall meeting attended by Mr. G. F. Fiennes, General Manager of the WR.
ref: 1964 September, “News: Yeovil Junction not to be closed”, in Modern Railways, page 202:
glosses: To expose something to public examination or discussion.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: To provide manual or mechanical breathing to (a patient).
examples: text: Patients with cervical injuries usually arrive in the intensive care unit (ICU) already intubated. However, with some high thoracic or low cervical lesions, patients who ventilate independently in the emergency department may arrive in the ICU without assisted ventilation.
ref: 2016, Marianne Saunorus Baird, Manual of Critical Care Nursing: Nursing Interventions and Collaborative Management, 7th edition, St. Louis, MO: Elsevier, →ISBN, page 302:
topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: word: breathe
word: draw breath
word: inbreathe
word: spire
word: suspire
glosses: To breathe.
examples: text: If we went in and there was no burglar, and we got into a shooting with the homeowner and ventilated him, that would be a little difficult to explain.
ref: 2010, Michael Miller, Deep Nights:
glosses: To shoot with a firearm; to pierce with bullets.
Derived terms: reventilate
Related terms: ventilation
ventilation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: ventilations
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French ventilation, from Old French ventilacion, from Late Latin ventilatio, from Latin ventilo. Morphologically ventilate + -ion.
Senses: examples: text: So you punched out a window for ventilation. Was that before or after you noticed you were standing in a lake of gasoline?
ref: 1991, Robert DeNiro (actor), Backdraft
glosses: The replacement of stale or noxious air with fresh.
glosses: The mechanical system used to circulate and replace air.
glosses: An exchange of views during a discussion.
examples: text: "No, Mr. Malone, I will place no restriction upon your correspondence, since the ventilation of the facts is the object of your journey; but I demand that you shall give no particulars as to your exact destination, and that nothing be actually published until your return."
ref: 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:
glosses: The public exposure of an issue or topic.
glosses: The bodily process of breathing; the inhalation of air to provide oxygen, and the exhalation of spent air to remove carbon dioxide.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: The mechanical system used to assist breathing.
Derived terms: ventilation shaft
Related terms: ventilate
interruption
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpʃən/
rhymes: -ʌpʃən
Forms: form: interruptions
Etymology: From Middle English interrupcioun, from Old French interrupcion, from Latin interruptio.
Senses: examples: text: One morning I had been driven to the precarious refuge afforded by the steps of the inn, after rejecting offers from the Celebrity to join him in a variety of amusements. But even here I was not free from interruption, for he was seated on a horse-block below me, playing with a fox terrier.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
text: The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about "creating compelling content", or offering services that let you "stay up to date with what your friends are doing"[…]and so on.
ref: 2013 June 21, Oliver Burkeman, “The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 2, page 27:
glosses: The act of interrupting, or the state of being interrupted.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: the act of breaking into someone else’s speech.
glosses: A time interval during which there is a cessation of something.
Synonyms: sense: time interval
word: hiatus
word: moratorium
word: recess
word: pause
Derived terms: flight interruption manifest
interruptionless
interruption science
manterruption
power interruption
self-interruption
uninterruption
Related terms: dead air
carbon dioxide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: kär′bən dī-ŏk′sīd
ipa: /ˌkɑː.bən daɪˈɒk.saɪd/
ipa: /ˌkɑɹ.bən daɪˈɑk.saɪd/
ipa: /ˌkɑɹ.bən daɪˈɒk.saɪd/
ipa: /ˌkɐː.bən dɑɪˈɒk.sɑɪd/
ipa: /ˌkaː.bən daɪˈɒk.saɪd/
ipa: /ˌkaɹ.bən daɪˈɔk.saɪd/
ipa: /ˌkaːʳ.bon ɖajˈɒk.sajɖ/
Forms: form: carbon dioxid
form: carbondioxid
Senses: examples: text: There were dozens of presentations in 2008, including: […
ref: 2008 December 9, Jeff Jacoby, “Skepticism on climate change”, in The International Herald Tribune, →ISSN, archived from the original on 29 Mar 2022:
text: Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis: the ability to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and waste oxygen using solar energy.
ref: 2013 September–October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, archived from the original on 03 Sep 2013:
text: Each year, human activities release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than natural processes can remove, causing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to increase.
ref: 2024 April 9, Rebecca Lindsey, “Climate Change: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide”, in Dlugokencky, Ed, editor, Climate.gov, USA.gov, archived from the original on 07 Apr 2025:
topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
synonyms: word: carbonic acid gas
word: CO₂
word: E290
english: acidity regulator
translation: acidity regulator
hypernyms: greenhouse gas
coordinate_terms: carbon monoxide
glosses: The normal oxide of carbon, CO₂; a colorless, odorless gas formed during respiration and combustion and consumed by plants during photosynthesis.
Derived terms: carbon dioxide-equivalent
carbon dioxide snow
Related terms: carbon offset
carbonate
dry ice
dead air
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: They fired the production engineer because too many moments of dead air were interrupting the broadcast.
topics: broadcasting
media
synonyms: tumbleweed moment
glosses: An unintended interruption in a broadcast during which nothing is transmitted: a silent period on radio or a silent period with no picture on television.
examples: text: Today we're going to try sitting with silence a bit. Don't worry about any moments of dead air in the conversation.
glosses: A quiet or awkward moment in a conversation where neither individual is speaking.
examples: text: Sealing up the house so perfectly, without planning for any active ventilation to replace the passive ventilation that you have eliminated, is not a good idea, because it encourages pockets of dead air. If you're going to seal it up so tight, then you need to plan for active ventilation through a filter, rather than no ventilation at all.
topics: engineering
mechanical
mechanical-engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Air that is subject to little or no ventilation, thus, little to no air exchange.
Derived terms: dead-air space
Related terms: crickets
radio silence
thin air
ventilator
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛntɪleɪtə/
Forms: form: ventilators
Etymology: From ventilate + -or; cf. Latin ventilator.
Senses: glosses: A device that circulates fresh air and expels stale or noxious air.
topics: medicine
sciences
hypernyms: respirator
glosses: A machine that moves breathable air into and out of the lungs of a patient who is unable to breathe sufficiently.
examples: text: A lover's quarrel is made up of jealousies, doubts, hopes, fears, and all sorts of fantastic fancies: a matrimonial dispute, on the contrary, is composed of familiar and ordinary matter, a sort of ventilator to the temper!
ref: 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “An Act of Parliament”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 188:
glosses: Some behaviour or happening that relieves a tense atmosphere or situation.
glosses: A play or an actor so bad as to empty the theater.
Derived terms: screw ventilator
tank ventilator
ventricle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: vĕnʹtrĭk-əl
ipa: /ˈvɛn.tɹɪk.əl/
rhymes: -ɛntɹɪkəl
Forms: form: ventricles
Etymology: From late Middle English, from Latin ventriculus (“the belly”), diminutive of venter (“the belly”). Doublet of ventriculus.
Senses: examples: text: The muscular ventricles pump blood by contracting their fibers in response to electrical stimulation.
ref: 2018, Sandeep Jauhar, Heart: a History, →ISBN, page 47:
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any small cavity within a body; a hollow part or organ, especially:
One of two lower chambers of the heart.
synonyms: cardioventricle
coordinate_terms: atrium
meronyms: left ventricle
right ventricle
examples: text: the ventricle of memory
ref: c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]:
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
neuroanatomy
neurology
neuroscience
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any small cavity within a body; a hollow part or organ, especially:
One of four fluid-filled cavities in the brain, that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord.
synonyms: cerebroventricle
meronyms: fourth ventricle
lateral ventricle
third ventricle
examples: text: [On birds] Where omitting the more general Properties, of having two Ventricles, and picking up stones to conveigh them into their second Ventricle, the Gizzern, (which provision and instinct is a supply for the want of teeth;) […]
ref: 1662, Henry More, An Antidote Against Atheism, Book II: A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings of Dr. Henry More, page 72:
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any small cavity within a body; a hollow part or organ, especially:
A ventriculus; especially, a stomach.
topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
zootomy
glosses: Any small cavity within a body; a hollow part or organ, especially:
The womb.
Derived terms: ventricular
ventriculate
ventriculo-
ventricul-
Related terms: interventricular
intraventricular
ventriculated
ventriculus
ventriloquist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɛnˈtɹɪl.ə.kwɪst/
rhymes: -ɪst
Forms: form: ventriloquists
Etymology: From ventriloquy + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: Most ridiculous is the discomfiture which attends the opponents of predication, who, like the ventriloquist Eurycles, have the voice that answers them in their own breast.
ref: 1871, Benjamin Jowett, The Sophist, translation of original by Plato:
text: "Oh, I am a ventriloquist," said the little man. "I can throw the sound of my voice wherever I wish, so that you thought it was coming out of the Head. […]"
ref: 1900 May 17, L[yman] Frank Baum, “Chapter 15”, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Chicago, Ill.; New York, N.Y.: Geo[rge] M[elvin] Hill Co., →OCLC:
glosses: A person, especially an entertainer, who practices ventriloquism.
Synonyms: word: biloquist
word: ventriloque
Derived terms: ventriloquistic
ventriloquistical
ventriloquistically
Related terms: ventriloquial
ventriloquially
ventriloquism
ventriloquy
ventriloquism
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ventriloquisms
Etymology: ventriloquy + -ism.
Senses: glosses: The art of projecting one's voice without moving the lips so that it appears to come from another source, such as a dummy.
Synonyms: biloquism
ventrilocution
verbosity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /vəˈbɒsəti/
ipa: /vɚˈbɑsəti/
Forms: form: verbosities
Etymology: From Middle French verbosité, from Late Latin verbōsitās. By surface analysis, verbose + -ity.
Senses: examples: text: With Christie's words about "all-talk-no-action" in mind, notice that Obama and his two secretaries of state, Hillary Clinton and John Kerry, as well as his vice president, Joe Biden, were all senators, the last two serving for two or three decades, respectively. Not forgetting the ill-fated secretary of defense, Senator Chuck Hagel. Their capacity for talking so much and saying so little is astonishing. Their verbosity is unpalatable.
ref: 2016 February 8, Marwan Bishara, “Why Obama fails the leadership test in the Middle East”, in Al Jazeera English:
synonyms: long-windedness
verboseness
wordiness
verbiage
prolixity
glosses: The excess use of words, especially using more than are needed for clarity or precision.
Synonyms: word: ambages
word: circumlocution
word: logorrhea
word: logorrhoea
word: long-windedness
word: overwordiness
word: periphrase
word: periphrasis
word: perissology
word: prolixity
word: verboseness
word: verbosity
word: wordiness
Hypernyms: word: excess
Hyponyms: word: battology
word: pleonasm
word: tautology
word: talkativeness
Related terms: word: verbiage
word: verbose
word: word
verge on
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: verges on
form: verging on
form: verged on
form: verged on
Senses: examples: text: His actions verge on insanity, making everyone nervous.
text: The excitement in the room began to verge on chaos.
text: Her ideas seem to verge on the edge of brilliance and madness.
text: Bungee jumping verges on the insane, if you ask me.
text: 1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, Chapter XVIII
It was verging on dusk, and the clock had already given warning of the hour to dress for dinner, when little Adèle, who knelt by me in the drawing-room window-seat, suddenly exclaimed […]
glosses: To approach or come close to something; to border or be on the edge of something.
verger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɜːd͡ʒə/
ipa: /ˈvɝd͡ʒɚ/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)dʒə(ɹ)
homophone: verdure stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: vergers
form: virger
Etymology: From verge (“rod”) + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who carries a verge, or emblem of office.
examples: text: "We have often seen each other," said Little Dorrit, recognising the sexton, or the beadle, or the verger, or whatever he was, "when I have been at church here."
ref: 1855 December – 1857 June, Charles Dickens, “Litle Dorrit’s Party”, in Little Dorrit, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1857, →OCLC, book the first (Poverty), page 128:
text: As soon as we were all in the night the verger rolled shut the doors and blotted out the chandeliers.
ref: 1942, Emily Carr, “The Blessing”, in The Book of Small, Toronto, Ont.: Oxford University Press, →OCLC:
topics: Christianity
glosses: A lay person who takes care of the interior of a church and acts as an attendant during services, where he or she carries the verge (or virge). In the United States, the office is generally combined with that of sexton.
topics: Christianity
glosses: An usher; also, in major ecclesiastical landmarks, a tour guide.
examples: text: When she came to her place she opened the book, and perused it, and saw the pictures, but frowned and blushed; and then shut it, (of which several took notice,) and calling the verger, bade him bring her the old book, wherein she was formerly wont to read.
ref: 1725, John Strype, Annals of the Reformation and Establishment of Religion, and Other Various Occurrences in the Church of England, during Queen Elizabeth’s Happy Reign, Oxford: Clarendon, published 1824, Vol. I, Part I, Chapter 23, p. 408:
glosses: An attendant upon a dignitary, such as a bishop or dean, a justice, etc.
versed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɝst/
ipa: /vɜːst/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)st
homophone: verst
Forms: form: more versed
form: most versed
Senses: examples: text: deep versed in books and shallow in himself
ref: 1671, John Milton, “The Fourth Book”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:
text: opinions […] derived from studying the Scriptures, wherein he was versed beyond any person of his age
ref: 1829, Robert Southey, “(please specify the page)”, in Sir Thomas More: or, Colloquies on the Progress and Prospects of Society. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:
text: These men were versed in the details of business.
ref: 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XI, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
text: I mean no disrespect for such knowledge, if anyone really is versed in it – I do not want any more lawsuits brought against me by Meletus – but the fact is, gentlemen, that I take no interest in it.
ref: 1954, Plato, translated by Hugh Tredennick, “Socrates on Trial: The Apology”, in The Last Days of Socrates (Penguin Classics), Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, →OCLC, page 21:
glosses: Knowledgeable or skilled, either through study or experience; familiar; practiced.
Synonyms: conversant
Derived terms: well versed
versed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɝst/
ipa: /vɜːst/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)st
homophone: verst
Senses: glosses: past of verse
Related terms: versed cosine
versed sine
vespers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛsˌpɝz/
Etymology: From Middle English vespers, from Old French vespres (French vêpres), from Ecclesiastical Latin vesperae (“vespers”), substantivisation of relational Late Latin vesperus (“evening”), from vesper (“evening”) + -us.
Euphemistic use first as Vèpres éphésiennes (“Ephesian Vespers”), coined in 1890 by historian Théodore Reinach by analogy with the Sicilian Vespers.
Senses: topics: Christianity
glosses: The sixth of the seven canonical hours, an evening prayer service
glosses: A massacre
Derived terms: Sicilian Vespers
Asiatic Vespers
Related terms: evensong
smokefall
vespers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛsˌpɝz/
Etymology: From Middle English vespers, from Old French vespres (French vêpres), from Ecclesiastical Latin vesperae (“vespers”), substantivisation of relational Late Latin vesperus (“evening”), from vesper (“evening”) + -us.
Euphemistic use first as Vèpres éphésiennes (“Ephesian Vespers”), coined in 1890 by historian Théodore Reinach by analogy with the Sicilian Vespers.
Senses: glosses: plural of vesper
canonical hours
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of canonical hour
vested
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛstɪd/
rhymes: -ɛstɪd
Forms: form: more vested
form: most vested
Senses: examples: text: All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
topics: law
glosses: Settled, fixed or absolute, with no contingencies.
examples: text: The Pope, vested in mitre and cope, is greeted by a newly created Cardinal.
glosses: Dressed or clothed, especially in vestments.
Synonyms: sense: dressed or clothed
word: clad
word: raimented
word: clothed
Derived terms: vested interest
vested remainder
vested remainder subject to open
vested school
vested
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛstɪd/
rhymes: -ɛstɪd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of vest
guapo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: African-American Vernacular, MTE
ipa: /ˈɡwɑpoʊ̯/
Senses: examples: text: […] It’s for the guapo,
can't waste time with the diamonds, I’m tryna git swallow
ref: 2020 October 10, “Toot That Sh!t Up”, Kai Bandz (lyrics), 0:47:
glosses: Alternative form of gwop.
vestment
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛstmənt/
Forms: form: vestments
Etymology: From Middle English vestement, vestment, from Old French vestement, from Latin vestīmentum. By surface analysis, vest + -ment. Compare French vêtement.
Senses: examples: text: The priest wore a white vestment during the ceremony.
text: Medieval paintings often depict bishops in ornate vestments.
glosses: A robe, gown, or other article of clothing worn as an indication of office.
examples: text: liturgical vestment
text: ceremonial vestment
text: ecclesiastical vestment
glosses: Any of the special articles of clothing worn by members of the clergy etc., especially a garment worn at the celebration of the Eucharist.
glosses: Clothing.
glosses: An article of clothing, especially an outer garment.
Related terms: invest
vest
vestibule
vesture
veteran
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛ.tə.ɹən/
ipa: /ˈvɛ.tɹən/
ipa: [ˈvɛ.t̬ə.ɹən]
ipa: [ˈvɛ.ɾə.ɹən]
Forms: form: veterans
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French vétéran, from Latin veterānus.
Senses: examples: text: The company's new hires were nervous, but the veterans were self-assured because, as one summarized it, "this isn't our first rodeo."
text: Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers.[…]Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
ref: 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, archived from the original on 25 Nov 2020, page 70:
synonyms: old hand
old-timer
warhorse
hypernyms: person#Noun
glosses: A person with long experience of a particular activity.
examples: text: We honor veterans and senior citizens with a ten percent discount.
text: For 55-year-old U.S. Army veteran Sae Joon Park, this was the hardest moment of his life. […] Park's story reflects both the challenges of life after combat and the perils that noncitizen veterans face if caught in the legal system — realities made harsher amid the Trump administration's push for record deportations.
ref: 2025 June 24, Juliana Kim, “Purple Heart Army veteran self-deports after nearly 50 years in the U.S.”, in NPR:
synonyms: old hand
old-timer
warhorse
hypernyms: person#Noun
person#Noun
glosses: A person with long experience of a particular activity.
A person who has served in the armed forces, especially an old soldier who has seen long service.
coordinate_terms: servicemember#Noun
examples: text: Their mules were clearly veterans. They seemed to know what to do even better than the teenage farmhand who was driving the team.
text: Most of the cars which we call "veterans" today were on view at the Motor Show of 1911.
ref: 1971, Gwen White, Antique Toys And Their Background, page 87:
text: The label has often collaborated with other designers, like Australian shoemaker Teva and American woolwear veteran Pendleton.
ref: 2018 April 1, Cristian Bonetto, Lonely Planet Pocket Copenhagen, →ISBN, page 81:
glosses: A group, animal, etc. with long experience of a particular activity.
Derived terms: veteran car
Veterans Day
Related terms: VA
VFW
veteran
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛ.tə.ɹən/
ipa: /ˈvɛ.tɹən/
ipa: [ˈvɛ.t̬ə.ɹən]
ipa: [ˈvɛ.ɾə.ɹən]
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French vétéran, from Latin veterānus.
Senses: examples: text: The insinuating eloquence and delicate flattery of veteran diplomatists and courtiers.
ref: 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter IV, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
text: Nothing could be more business-like than the construction of the stout dams, and nothing more gently rural than the limpid lakes, with the grand old forest trees marshalled round their margins like a veteran army that had marched down to drink, only to be stricken motionless at the water’s edge.
ref: 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
text: “That was in Casco,” his wife contradicted immediately. She spoke in the unmistakable tones of a veteran contradictor.
ref: 1980, Stephen King, The Mist, Viking Press:
glosses: Having had long experience, practice, or service.
glosses: Of or relating to former members of the military armed forces, especially those who served during wartime.
Related terms: inveterate
veterinary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛtɪnɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɹɪnɹi/
ipa: /vɛtɪnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtəɹɪnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɹɪnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɪnɛɹi/
Forms: form: more veterinary
form: most veterinary
Etymology: From Latin veterīnārius, from veterīnus and veterīnae (“cattle;"beasts of burden/of draught"”); compare with veterinarian.
Senses: examples: text: Max used all his veterinary knowledge to save the goose stuck in the fence.
text: The talented artist quickly became fluent in English, found work at a pizzeria and dreamed of becoming a veterinary assistant.
ref: 2025 September 10, Holly Yan, Jeff Winter, “Suspect in Charlotte train stabbing that killed a Ukrainian refugee is charged with a federal crime. Here’s what we know”, in CNN:
glosses: Of or relating to the medical or surgical treatment of non-human animals, especially domestic and farm animals.
Derived terms: agroveterinary
ethnoveterinary
nonveterinary
veterinary hospital
veterinary medicine
veterinary science
veterinary surgeon
veterinary technician
Related terms: veterinarian
veterinary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛtɪnɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɹɪnɹi/
ipa: /vɛtɪnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtəɹɪnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɹɪnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈvɛtɪnɛɹi/
Forms: form: veterinaries
Etymology: From Latin veterīnārius, from veterīnus and veterīnae (“cattle;"beasts of burden/of draught"”); compare with veterinarian.
Senses: examples: text: Mr. Ward may rightly be considered the wizard of the north, for he was the pioneer of "practical pussyology" apart from the regular qualified veterinary who may look with a kind and pitying eye on cats' ailments and infirmities […]
ref: 1905, Frances Simpson, Cats for Pleasure and Profit, page 77:
glosses: A veterinary surgeon; a veterinarian.
veterinary surgeon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: veterinary surgeons
Senses: synonyms: vet
veterinarian
veterinary
animal doctor
glosses: A doctor who practices veterinary medicine; a vet.
veterinary medicine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The branch of medicine that deals with the causes, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and injuries of animals, especially domestic and farm animals.
Synonyms: word: veterinarianism
word: veterinary science
word: zoiatria
vexatious
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /vɛkˈseɪʃəs/
rhymes: -eɪʃəs
Forms: form: more vexatious
form: most vexatious
Etymology: a 1650 vexation + -ous
Senses: examples: text: Although this letter is vexatious, I must not forget that my little entertainment has brought me a visiter in the Marquess of Wentworthdale, on an errand of no small moment, as the Countess of Rotheles may soon learn, to her surprise, for I shall, probably, see him at the Opera to-night.
ref: 1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXI, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 259:
glosses: Causing vexation or annoyance; teasing; troublesome.
examples: text: He leads a vexatious life.
ref: 1644, Kenelm Digby, Two Treatises, To My Son Kenelm Digby (preface):
synonyms: harassed
distressed
annoyed
vexed
glosses: Full of trouble or disquiet
examples: text: a vexatious lawsuit
topics: law
glosses: Commenced for the purpose of giving trouble, without due cause.
raw_tags: of an action
examples: text: a vexatious litigant
topics: law
glosses: In the habit of starting vexatious litigation and therefore liable to have restraints placed on one's ability to access the courts.
raw_tags: of a party or entity
Derived terms: vexatiously
vexatiousness
Related terms: vex
vexation
vexed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛkst/
rhymes: -ɛkst
Forms: form: more vexed
form: most vexed
Etymology: From Middle English vexed, vexede, vexit, vixid, equivalent to vex + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: She became more and more vexed as she struggled to cope with the demands of the job.
text: He would be left in no doubt that they were annoyed. He might even go so far as to deduce that they were quite vexed.
ref: 1990, Terry Pratchett, Eric, page 72:
glosses: annoyed, irritated or distressed
examples: text: The question, however, as to whether rinderpest bile is capable of producing the disease in a herd innoculated with it is a very vexed one, and round this point heated controversies have been waged in other places than in Natal.
ref: 1901 December 6, H. Watkins-Pitchford, “Rinderpest”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 20, page 610:
text: I leave aside the vexed questions about whether one or two peploi were woven and presented to Athena during the Greater (every four years) and Lesser (every year) Panathenaic festivals […]
ref: 2004, Mary Stieber, The Poetics of Appearance in the Attic Korai:
glosses: much debated, discussed or disputed
Derived terms: vexedly
vexed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛkst/
rhymes: -ɛkst
Etymology: From Middle English vexed, vexede, vexit, vixid, equivalent to vex + -ed.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of vex
viaduct
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvaɪədʌkt/
ipa: /ˈvaɪəˌdʌk(t)/
Forms: form: viaducts
Etymology: A blend of Latin via (“highway; road”) + English (aque)duct.
Senses: examples: text: […] St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London. Close-packed, crushed by the buttressed height of the railway viaduct, rendered airless by huge walls of factories, it at once banished lively interest from a stranger's mind and left only a dull oppression of the spirit.
ref: 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
text: The L.C.C. [London County Council] considers viaducts in London objectionable and a hindrance to town planning and would like to abolish all the Southern Railway lines on viaducts in South London. [Nothing much happened, they still exist.]
ref: 1944 January and February, C. F. Cobon, “The County of London Plan”, in Railway Magazine, page 24:
topics: transport
glosses: A bridge with several spans that carries rail or road traffic over a valley or other obstacles.
Derived terms: ecoduct
half viaduct
viaducted
Related terms: aqueduct