cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
ex post facto
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: expost facto
form: expostfacto
Etymology: From Latin ex (“from”) + post (“after”) + facto, ablative of factum (“deed”). In Latin, ex takes the ablative case, while post takes the accusative case. (See Wikipedia for a discussion of the grammatical form and usage of this phrase.)
Senses: examples: text: What he did was not a crime when he did it, but he was convicted ex post facto.
topics: law
glosses: By retroactive application of a law formulated or enacted after the deed in question.
factum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: facta
form: factums
Etymology: From Latin factum. See fact.
Senses: examples: text: Fraud in the factum
topics: law
glosses: Somebody's own act and deed.
topics: law
glosses: Somebody's own act and deed.
Anything stated and made certain.
qualifier: civil law
topics: law
glosses: Somebody's own act and deed.
The due execution of a will, including everything necessary to its validity.
examples: text: But according to a factum filed by Crown prosecutors, Shaikh's status was "confidential informer," therefore RCMP did not direct him about what to do at the camp.
ref: 2009 January 31, Isabel Teotonio, “Police mole trapped teen, court told”, in Toronto Star:
topics: law
glosses: Somebody's own act and deed.
A statement of fact and law delivered before a court.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A product (result of multiplying two numbers).
Related terms: non est factum
post factum
retrospective
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ˈspɛktɪv/
rhymes: -ɛktɪv
Forms: form: more retrospective
form: most retrospective
Etymology: From retrospect + -ive. From Latin retrōspectus, perfect passive participle of retrōspiciō (“I look back at”).
Senses: examples: text: While the pictures of what precisely unfolded after Cissé looked to tread on Evans are not entirely conclusive, the Football Association will surely pore over them on Thursday before quite possibly using video evidence to impose lengthy retrospective bans stemming from an incident unseen by Anthony Taylor, the referee.
ref: 2015 March 4, Louise Taylor, The Guardian:
text: Following a retrospective review of patient records, the parents of eligible patients were contacted by telephone to provide information about the study.
ref: 2025 August 13, Müjdat Erarkadaş, Kübra Özmeral Erarkadaş, Şahika Gülen Şişmanlar, “Autism Spectrum Disorder Beyond Childhood: A Comprehensive Assessment of Activities of Daily Living and Social Functioning in Turkish Adults”, in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, →DOI:
glosses: Of, relating to, or contemplating the past.
glosses: Looking backwards.
glosses: Affecting or influencing past things; retroactive.
Synonyms: hindsightly
Derived terms: retrospective determinism
retrospective memory
retrospective
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ˈspɛktɪv/
rhymes: -ɛktɪv
Forms: form: retrospectives
Etymology: From retrospect + -ive. From Latin retrōspectus, perfect passive participle of retrōspiciō (“I look back at”).
Senses: glosses: An exhibition of works from an extended period of an artist's activity.
Related terms: english: scholarly analog
translation: scholarly analog
word: festschrift
word: memorial
word: tribute
retrofit
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɹɛtɹəʊˈfɪt/
ipa: /ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ˌfɪt/
ipa: /ˌɹɛtɹoʊˈfɪt/
ipa: /ˈɹɛtɹoʊˌfɪt/
Forms: form: retrofits
form: retrofitting
form: retrofitted
form: retrofitted
Etymology: The verb is derived from retro- (prefix meaning ‘back; backward’) + fit (“to equip, supply”).
The noun, which is first attested later than the verb, is either derived:
* from the verb (see above); or
* from retro- + fit (“act of fitting; conformity of elements one to another”).
Senses: examples: text: Trams dating from 2012 have been retro-fitted with lithium batteries, with the conversions starting in 2018.
ref: 2020 January 2, Richard Clinnick, “Midlands Metro Welcomes New Catenary-free Trams”, in Rail, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 16:
text: The project involves retrofitting Google’s Pixel smartphones to certain subway cars to collect sounds and other data and feed it into Google’s Cloud. […] When asked why the devices were retrofitted on older models instead of newer ones, Sarno said the MTA typically uses older car models when making modifications in case there are any unwanted effects.
ref: 2025 March 9, Nic F. Anderson, “Tired of subway delays? The MTA wants to fix that by strapping Google smartphones to New York trains”, in CNN:
synonyms: backfit
glosses: To supply (a device, structure, etc.) with new components or parts that were not previously available or installed; to modernize.
synonyms: backfit
glosses: To add or substitute (new components or parts) that were not previously available for or installed in a device, structure, etc.
examples: text: The bug was so bad that we had to retrofit our patch to the last three releases, as well as the newest release.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Synonym of backport (“to retroactively supply a fix or feature to a previous version of a software product at the same time or after supplying it to the current version.”).
synonyms: word: backport
extra: (“to retroactively supply a fix or feature to a previous version of a software product at the same time or after supplying it to the current version.”).
glosses: To give new characteristics or make alterations (to someone or something) to suit them to changed circumstances.
glosses: To supply a device, structure, etc., with new components or parts that were not previously available or installed.
Derived terms: word: retrofittable
word: retrofitted
word: retrofitter
word: retrofitting
word: retrogreen
word: seismic retrofit
Related terms: refit
retrofit
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɛtɹə(ʊ)ˌfɪt/
ipa: /ˈɹɛtɹoʊˌfɪt/
Forms: form: retrofits
Etymology: The verb is derived from retro- (prefix meaning ‘back; backward’) + fit (“to equip, supply”).
The noun, which is first attested later than the verb, is either derived:
* from the verb (see above); or
* from retro- + fit (“act of fitting; conformity of elements one to another”).
Senses: glosses: An act of supplying a device, structure, etc., with new components or parts that were not previously available or installed; a retrofitting.
glosses: A change made to a device, structure, etc., by introducing components or parts that were not previously available or installed.
Derived terms: post-retrofit
Related terms: refit
upgrade
retrogress
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: retrogresses
form: retrogressing
form: retrogressed
form: retrogressed
Etymology: From Latin retrōgressus, perfect active participle of retrōgradior (“retrograde”).
Senses: glosses: To return to an earlier, simpler or worse condition; to regress.
glosses: To go backwards; to retreat.
glosses: To return to bad behaviour; to relapse.
retrogress
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: retrogresses
Etymology: From Latin retrōgressus, perfect active participle of retrōgradior (“retrograde”).
Senses: glosses: A retrogression.
retrorocket
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: retrorockets
form: retro rocket
form: retro-rocket
Etymology: From retro- + rocket.
Senses: glosses: A small rocket engine on a larger rocket or spacecraft, designed to slow or reverse its motion.
Synonyms: word: retro
Derived terms: word: retro
differential gear
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: differential gears
Senses: glosses: An arrangement of bevel gears permitting the rotation of two shafts at two different speeds whilst supplying the same torque; used on the drive axles or between the driven wheels of automobiles to aid cornering.
mallemaroking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmæləməˈɹoʊkɪŋ/
Etymology: Generally considered to derive from Dutch, although a specific etymon is unclear. Century and some other old dictionaries derive it from a confusion of two similar Dutch words, namely *mallemerok (“foolish woman”) (from malle (“foolish”) + *marok, from French marotte (“jester's sceptre”)) and *mallemok (“sailor of a whaling vessel”), but the first of those words is not attested, and the second is not attested with the claimed meaning (but see mollymawk). Compare mallemolen.
Senses: examples: text: "Just because I had one gin before and a couple of glasses of claret during you thought I'd been mallemaroking."
ref: 1958, “Punch”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), volume 235, page 319:
text: […] they were willing to endure so much physical hardship out of loyalty to Emperor Franz Joseph. Indeed, such is their sense of duty that they even indulge in some muted mallemaroking to celebrate the Emperor's birthday.
ref: 2006, Katrin Maria Kohl, Ritchie Robertson, A History of Austrian Literature 1918-2000, page 243:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The act of carousing on icebound Greenland whaling ships.
smoked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /sməʊkt/
ipa: /smoʊkt/
rhymes: -əʊkt
Etymology: From Middle English smoked, y-smoked, equivalent to smoke + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: smoked salmon
glosses: Of food, treated with smoke, often for flavor or as a method of preservation.
examples: text: 'A pair of smoked spectacles will do it,' he said positively. 'Look at him now; he looks like an angelic office boy. Put him on a pair of smoked spectacles, and children will scream at the sight of him.'
ref: 1908, G. K. Chesterton, The Man who was Thursday:
text: "You'll need smoked glasses to protect your eyes," Paul warned him.
ref: 1957, Sydney J. Bounds, The Robot Brains, London: Digit Books, page 151:
glosses: Of glass, tinted.
Derived terms: smoked beef
smoked beer
smoked Irish
smoked Irishman
smoked meat
smoked salmon
Related terms: smoker
smoky
smoked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /sməʊkt/
ipa: /smoʊkt/
rhymes: -əʊkt
Etymology: From smoke.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of smoke
Derived terms: smoked rubber
smoking
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/
rhymes: -əʊkɪŋ
Etymology: From Middle English smokynge, smokiende, from Old English smociende (“smoking”), from Proto-Germanic *smukōndz (“emitting smoke, smoking”), equivalent to smoke + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of smoke
smoking
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/
rhymes: -əʊkɪŋ
Forms: form: more smoking
form: most smoking
Etymology: From Middle English smokynge, smokiende, from Old English smociende (“smoking”), from Proto-Germanic *smukōndz (“emitting smoke, smoking”), equivalent to smoke + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Yet had the whole train and all its bombs gone, had the engine crew merely jumped from the train and run as simple self-preservation would have suggested, or unhitched just the engine to make their escape faster, the whole town would have gone and most of the people with it, leaving just a smoking wasteland. Hundreds would have died.
ref: 2022 January 12, Benedict le Vay, “The heroes of Soham...”, in RAIL, number 948, page 43:
glosses: Giving off smoke.
examples: text: That woman is smoking!
glosses: Sexually attractive, usually referring to a woman.
examples: text: The band put on a smoking performance.
glosses: Showing great skill or talent.
Derived terms: anti-smoking
cold smoking
non-smoking
nonsmoking
secondary smoking
smoking bishop
smoking cap
smoking ceremony
smoking gun
smoking hot
smoking stool syndrome
smoking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsməʊkɪŋ/
ipa: /ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/
rhymes: -əʊkɪŋ
Forms: form: smokings
Etymology: From Middle English smokyng, smokynge, equivalent to smoke + -ing.
Senses: glosses: The act or process of emitting smoke.
examples: text: Smoking can lead to lung cancer.
text: He had the loudest voice of any drill sergeant, and seemed to enjoy the group smokings as well as the individual smokings.
ref: 2012, Montgomery J. Granger, Saving Grace at Guantanamo Bay: A Memoir of a Citizen Warrior:
glosses: The burning and inhalation of tobacco.
glosses: The burning and inhalation of other substances, e.g. marijuana.
glosses: The act of exposing (something) to smoke; (by extension) the process by which foods are cured or flavored by smoke.
glosses: A bantering; teasing; mockery.
Derived terms: chain-smoking
no smoking
smoking car
smoking carriage
smoking compartment
smoking jacket
smoking room
what are you smoking
AFAIC
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: glosses: As far as I can ____.
synonyms: word: AFAIAA
english: all either synonymous or nearly so
translation: all either synonymous or nearly so
word: AFAIAC
word: AFAICMO
word: AFAICT
word: AFAIK
word: AFAIR
word: SFAIAA
word: SFAICT
word: SFAIK
word: TMK
word: to my knowledge
word: to the best of my knowledge
word: TTBOMK
glosses: As far as I'm concerned; as far as I care.
glosses: As fast as I can ____.
dagmar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdæɡmɑː(ɹ)/
Forms: form: dagmars
Etymology: After Dagmar, buxom American actress.
Senses: glosses: One of the bullet-shaped protrusions on the bumpers of various 1950s cars, especially Cadillacs.
Related terms: bumper bullet
overrider
PROM
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹɒm/
note: father-bother merger
ipa: /pɹɑm/
rhymes: -ɒm
Forms: form: PROMs
Etymology: In all senses, by acronymy.
Senses: topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
hypernyms: ROM
read-only memory
<
memory
glosses: Acronym of programmable read-only memory, a chip that can be programmed one or more times (depending on the type) and generally cannot be re-programmed without special equipment (if at all); once programmed and installed in a device, it functions as a read-only chip (as if it had been hard-wired to function that way).
topics: medicine
sciences
hypernyms: ROM
rupture of membranes
<
rupture#Noun
glosses: Initialism of prelabor rupture of membranes.
hypernyms: ROM
range of motion
<
range#Noun
glosses: Initialism of passive range of motion.
Derived terms: sense: programmable read-only memory
word: EPROM
sense: programmable read-only memory
word: EEPROM
sense: programmable read-only memory
word: OTPROM
sense: prelabor rupture of membranes
word: PPROM
Related terms: sense: programmable read-only memory
word: write once
sense: programmable read-only memory
word: PLA
sense: programmable read-only memory
word: PAL
sense: programmable read-only memory
word: FPGA
BCD
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: BCDs
Senses: topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: Initialism of blue compact dwarf.
topics: business
computing
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
sciences
glosses: Initialism of binary-coded decimal.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: Initialism of Boot Configuration Data.
topics: cycling
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Initialism of bolt circle diameter (a measurement of the various sizes of chainring).
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Initialism of bad-conduct discharge.
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
qualifier: professional credential
glosses: Initialism of board-certified diplomate.
topics: diving
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
underwater-diving
glosses: Initialism of buoyancy control device.
glosses: Initialism of behind closed doors.
Synonyms: sense: blue compact dwarf
word: BCG
KP
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: KPs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
glosses: Initialism of Knight of St. Patrick.
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: Initialism of kitchen police/patrol (enlisted person assigned to assist in the kitchen, or the role itself).
examples: text: Name one poster who was posting kp two years ago and has not been busted
ref: 2001 August 22, Frogbutt, “More proof Pedophile idiocy”, in (Usenet):
glosses: Initialism of kiddy porn.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Initialism of keratosis pilaris.
glosses: Initialism of Kashmiri Pandit.
local maximum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: local maximums
form: local maxima
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A maximum within a restricted domain; a point on a function whose value is greater than the values of all other points near it, especially if another local maximum of greater value is known to exist.
Related terms: local minimum
global maximum
throughout
Language: English
Part of speech: prep
Pronunciation: enpr: thro͞o-outʹ
ipa: /θɹuːˈaʊt/
ipa: /θɹuˈʌʊt/
ipa: /θɹaʊt/
ipa: /t̪ɹʉuˈaʊt̞/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈæʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈæʊʔ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈɛʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈɛʊʔ/
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
ipa: /θuːˈaʊt/
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
ipa: /θuːˈæt/
enpr: tho͞o-outʹ
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
enpr: tho͞o-atʹ
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
note: Indic
ipa: /ˈt̪ʰru.awʈ/
note: Indic
ipa: /t̪ʰrʊˈwawʈ/
rhymes: -aʊt
Etymology: From Old English þurh ūt, equivalent to through + out. Compare German durchaus (“all the way, fully, absolutely”).
Senses: examples: text: And though a philosopher may live remote from business, the genius of philosophy, if carefully cultivated by several, must gradually diffuse itself throughout the whole society.
ref: 1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral., London: Oxford University Press, published 1973, §5:
text: “My father had ideas about conservation long before the United States took it up.[…]You preserve water in times of flood and freshet to be used for power or for irrigation throughout the year.[…]”
ref: 1913, Robert Barr, chapter 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:
text: But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.
ref: 2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:
synonyms: across
amidst
during
glosses: In every part of; all through.
examples: text: His spere went clene thrughout hys body, and so he fell downe deed.
ref: 1560, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Arthur of Brytayn: the hystory of the moost noble and valyaunt knyght Arthur of lytell brytayne:
text: The dedlye sworde throughout my brest to stryke I will applye.
ref: 1561, John Heywood, Seneca's Hercules Furens:
text: His barnisht blad throughout his body share,
ref: 1756, William Hamilton, A New Edition of the Life and Heroick Actions of the renoun'd Sir William Wallace, page 33:
text: Palamon at seeing Arcite , feels a colde fwerde glide throughout his heart: he starts from his ambuscade, and instantly salutes Areite with the appellation of false traitour.
ref: 1778, Thomas Warton, The History of English Poetry:
glosses: Completely through, right the way through.
throughout
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: enpr: thro͞o-outʹ
ipa: /θɹuːˈaʊt/
ipa: /θɹuˈʌʊt/
ipa: /θɹaʊt/
ipa: /t̪ɹʉuˈaʊt̞/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈæʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈæʊʔ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈɛʊ/
note: Dublin
ipa: /tɹʲuːˈɛʊʔ/
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
ipa: /θuːˈaʊt/
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
ipa: /θuːˈæt/
enpr: tho͞o-outʹ
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
enpr: tho͞o-atʹ
note: African-American Vernacular, African-American
note: Indic
ipa: /ˈt̪ʰru.awʈ/
note: Indic
ipa: /t̪ʰrʊˈwawʈ/
rhymes: -aʊt
Etymology: From Old English þurh ūt, equivalent to through + out. Compare German durchaus (“all the way, fully, absolutely”).
Senses: examples: text: The apartment is parqueted throughout except for the kitchen and bathroom.
glosses: In every part; everywhere.
examples: text: The fight was excrutiating. Throughout, we maintained our dignity though.
text: Chelsea's youngsters, who looked lively throughout, then combined for the second goal in the seventh minute. Romeu's shot was saved by Wolves goalkeeper Dorus De Vries but Piazon kept the ball alive and turned it back for an unmarked Bertrand to blast home.
ref: 2012, Chelsea 6-0 Wolves:
glosses: During an entire period of time, the whole time.
examples: text: Thus the VON VÖLCKER of Frankfurt bear : Argent, a rose gules, the field embrassé à senestre of the second. We should blazon this : Gules, a pile throughout issuing from the dexter flank, charged with a rose of the field.
ref: 1892, John Woodward, George Burnett, A Treatise on Heraldry, British and Foreign: With English and French Glossaries, page 90:
topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
glosses: Of an ordinary such as a pile or chevron, or a partition per chevron, etc: extending to the edge of the field (or quarter, chief, etc).
Related terms: passim
neologistic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more neologistic
form: most neologistic
Etymology: From neolog(ism) + -istic.
Senses: examples: text: Neither of these is wholly correct, and the origin of the linguistic application is primarily a result of Yule and Burnell’s own neologistic use.
ref: 2014, James Lambert, “A Much Tortured Expression: A New Look At `Hobson-Jobson'”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 27, number 1, page 63:
glosses: Of or pertaining to neologisms.
Synonyms: neologistical
Derived terms: neologistically
turbulent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɜːbjələnt/
ipa: /ˈtɝbjələnt/
ipa: /ˈtɜːbjələnt/
Forms: form: more turbulent
form: most turbulent
Etymology: From Middle English turbulent, from Middle French turbulent, from Latin turbulentus, from turba (“disorder, tumult, crowd”).
Senses: examples: text: It is dangerous to sail in turbulent seas.
glosses: Violently disturbed or agitated; tempestuous, tumultuous.
examples: text: The mid-19th century was a turbulent time in American history.
text: The [Washington] Post's proprietor through those turbulent [Watergate] days, Katharine Graham, held a double place in Washington’s hierarchy: at once regal Georgetown hostess and scrappy newshound, ready to hold the establishment to account. That is a very American position.
ref: 2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
glosses: Being in, or causing, disturbance or unrest.
Derived terms: gravitoturbulent
gravoturbulent
macroturbulent
microturbulent
nonturbulent
turbulent flow
turbulently
Related terms: disturb
perturb
trouble
turbid
turbine
turbulence
swelling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈswɛl.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlɪŋ
Forms: form: swellings
Senses: examples: text: Ne take noon hede to brynge togidere þe parties of þe boon þat is to-broken or dislocate, til viij. daies ben goon in þe wyntir, & v. in þe somer; for þanne it schal make quytture, and be sikir from swellynge; & þanne brynge togidere þe brynkis eiþer þe disiuncture after þe techynge þat schal be seid in þe chapitle of algebra.
ref: a1420, The British Museum Additional MS, 12,056, “Wounds complicated by the Dislocation of a Bone”, in Robert von Fleischhacker, editor, Lanfranc's "Science of cirurgie.", London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co, translation of original by Lanfranc of Milan, published 1894, →ISBN, page 63:
synonyms: ectasia
ectasis
glosses: The state of being swollen.
glosses: Anything swollen, especially any abnormally swollen part of the body.
glosses: A rising, as of passion or anger.
Derived terms: labioscrotal swelling
swelling soil
swelling tape
white swelling
swelling
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈswɛl.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛlɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of swell
Related terms: edema
shining
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪnɪŋ
Forms: form: more shining
form: shininger
form: most shining
form: shiningest
Etymology: By surface analysis, shine + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: 'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.
ref: 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, page 1:
synonyms: glowing
luminous
glosses: Emitting light.
synonyms: word: mirrorlike
word: relucent
word: gleamy
word: glisteny
word: mirrorlike
word: mirrory
word: relucent
word: shining
word: shiny
word: zazzy
glosses: Reflecting light.
examples: text: He was at the wedding, too. His beard was flowinger and redder, and the part in the back of his head shininger than ever. He had an elegant time. He was so full of himself you would have thought it was his own party.
ref: 1910 February, Kate Langley Bosher, “A Real Wedding”, in Mary Cary: “Frequently Martha”, New York, N.Y.; London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, →OCLC, page 165:
text: Hardly knowing what he meant, she plucked a many-headed specimen with a long stalk. At the end of it was such a shining needle that it dazzled her eyes so that she couldn’t see how she did the sewing up with it. But however it was done, the torn sleeve, she says, “didn’t look like wanting mending any more, but was better tore ’cos it let you see he had a shininger coat under.”
ref: 1913, Greville MacDonald, “The Twins Write a Letter and Get New Shoes”, in Jack & Jill: A Fairy Story, London: J[oseph] M[alaby] Dent & Sons, […], →OCLC, page 53:
glosses: Having a high polish or sheen.
examples: text: a shining example
text: Jill had, as you might say quite fallen in love with the Unicorn. She thought—and she wasn’t far wrong—that he was the shiningest, delicatest, most graceful animal she had ever met: and he was so gentle and soft of speech that, if you hadn’t known, you would hardly have believed how fierce and terrible he could be in battle.
ref: 1956, C[live] S[taples] Lewis, “What News the Eagle Brought”, in The Last Battle (The Chronicles of Narnia; 7), New York, N.Y.: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 82–83:
glosses: Having exceptional merit.
Synonyms: word: fulgent
word: aglow
word: alight
word: beamful
word: beamsome
word: beamy
word: brilliant
word: effulgent
word: glowing
word: illuminating
word: lambent
word: lighted
word: lit
word: lucent
word: luciferous
word: lucific
word: luminant
word: luminiferous
word: luminous
word: lustrous
word: orient
word: profulgent
word: radiant
word: refulgent
word: resplendent
word: sheeny
word: shining
word: shiny
Hyponyms: word: ablaze
word: aglimmer
word: ashimmer
word: bright
word: candescent
word: coruscant
word: dazzling
word: incandescent
word: iridescent
word: limpid
word: nitid
word: rutilant
word: shimmering
word: shimmery
Related terms: word: fervent
word: phosphorescent
shining
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪnɪŋ
Etymology: By surface analysis, shine + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of shine
shining
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪnɪŋ
Forms: form: shinings
Etymology: By surface analysis, shine + -ing.
Senses: glosses: A bright emission of light; a gleam.
Derived terms: shining sumac
take a shining to
respiration
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɛspɪˈɹeɪʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: respirations
Etymology: From Middle English respiracioun, borrowed from Latin respīrātiō, respīrātiōnem.
Senses: examples: text: In the dead state all is apparently without motion. No agent within indicates design, intelligence, or foresight: there is no respiration; […]
ref: 1822, John Barclay, chapter I, in An Inquiry Into the Opinions, Ancient and Modern, Concerning Life and Organization, Edinburgh; London: Bell & Bradfute; Waugh & Innes; G. & W. B. Whittaker, section I, page 2:
glosses: The process of inhaling and exhaling; breathing, breath.
examples: text: Gowan snored, each respiration choking to a huddle fall, as though he would never breathe again.
ref: 1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Vintage, published 1993, page 76:
glosses: An act of breathing; a breath.
glosses: Any similar process in an organism that lacks lungs that exchanges gases with its environment.
glosses: The process by which cells obtain chemical energy by the consumption of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.
Derived terms: abdominal respiration
agonal respiration
artificial respiration
ataxic respiration
Biot's respiration
cellular respiration
cluster respiration
Kussmaul respiration
Related terms: respire
circulatory system
pulmonary circulation
pressing
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛsɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛsɪŋ
Forms: form: more pressing
form: most pressing
Senses: examples: text: “I come on business.—Private,” he added, with a glance at the man who stood looking on, “and very pressing business.”
ref: 1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge. Chapter 75.”, in Master Humphrey’s Clock, volume III, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC:
text: The rebuilding of damaged stations is proceeding slowly, on account of the shortage of building materials and the pressing needs of housing, but steady progress is being made.
ref: 1951 March, E. J. Tyler, “Post-War Recovery on the Netherlands Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 157:
text: Argentinians support the "Malvinas" cause, which is written into the constitution. But they are also worried about pressing economic problems such as inflation, rising crime and corruption.
ref: 2013 January 3, Luke Harding, Uki Goni, “Argentina urges UK to hand back Falklands and 'end colonialism'”, in The Guardian:
text: Four Japanese torpedo boats launch an attack on the Suvorov. Despite burning steadily for several hours and now taking a torpedo to the stern, the ship still lashes out at its attackers with a few remaining guns. With no pressing need to continue the attack to closer range, the torpedo boats fall back, noting the position for a night attack if Suvorov survives that long.
ref: 2019 September 18, Drachinifel, 25:58 from the start, in Battle of Tsushima - When the 2nd Pacific Squadron thought it couldn't get any worse..., archived from the original on 04 Dec 2022:
glosses: Needing urgent attention.
examples: text: You are very pressing, Basil, but I am afraid I must go.
ref: 1891, Oscar Wilde, chapter 2, in The Picture of Dorian Gray, London; New York, N.Y.; Melbourne, Vic.: Ward Lock & Co., →OCLC:
text: He was pressing and persuasive.
ref: 1908, Joseph Conrad, The Duel:
glosses: Insistent, earnest, or persistent.
Derived terms: pressingly
pressingness
pressing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛsɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛsɪŋ
Forms: form: pressings
Senses: glosses: The application of pressure by a press or other means.
glosses: A metal or plastic part made with a press.
glosses: The process of improving the appearance of clothing by improving creases and removing wrinkles with a press or an iron.
glosses: A memento preserved by pressing, folding, or drying between the leaves of a flat container, book, or folio. Usually done with a flower, ribbon, letter, or other soft, small keepsake.
glosses: The extraction of juice from fruit using a press.
glosses: A phonograph record; a number of records pressed at the same time.
glosses: Urgent insistence.
Derived terms: flesh-pressing
head pressing
pressing cloth
pressing comb
test pressing
pressing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹɛsɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛsɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of press
timetable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: tīm′tā'bəl
ipa: /ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl/
Forms: form: timetables
form: time table
form: time-table
Etymology: From time + table.
Senses: examples: text: The timetable has been changed several times since it was first announced.
synonyms: schedule
timeline
glosses: A tabular schedule of events with the times at which they occur, especially times of arrivals and departures.
examples: text: Above all, the 48-page timetables of the new service, which have been distributed free at every station in the scheme, are a model to the rest of B.R. For the first time on British Railways, so far as we are aware, a substantial timetable has been produced, not only without a single footnote but also devoid of all wearisome asterisks, stars, letter suffixes and other hieroglyphics.
ref: 1960 December, “The Glasgow Suburban Electrification is opened”, in Trains Illustrated, page 714:
glosses: A schedule of arrivals and departures published in book or booklet form, or as a pamphlet, and available to travellers, either free or for a charge.
Derived terms: clock-face timetable
timetable and train order
timetable motion
timetabler
working timetable
timetable
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: tīm′tā'bəl
ipa: /ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl/
Forms: form: timetables
form: timetabling
form: timetabled
form: timetabled
form: time table
form: time-table
Etymology: From time + table.
Senses: examples: text: I've timetabled the meeting for Monday afternoon.
synonyms: schedule
glosses: To arrange a specific time for (an event, a class, etc).
Derived terms: word: timetabled
word: timetabling
human nature
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: How much innate human nature do you think the human races have left?
text: The most rapid and most seductive transition in all human nature is that which attends the palliation of a ravenous appetite. There is something humiliating about it.[…]Can those harmless but refined fellow-diners be the selfish cads whose gluttony and personal appearance so raised your contemptuous wrath on your arrival?
ref: 1921, Ben Travers, chapter 5, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:
glosses: The fundamental set of qualities, and the range of behaviour, shared by all humans.
virgo intacta
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Latin virgo intacta (“untouched maiden”).
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A girl or woman whose hymen remains unbroken.
glosses: A woman who has never had sexual intercourse.
Synonyms: sense: woman who has never had sexual intercourse
word: maiden
sense: woman who has never had sexual intercourse
word: virgin
mariage
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mariages
Senses: examples: text: [P]olicie, and pittie, pictured thus, / I take man and wife, and temperance (as who ſaie) / Miniſter in this mariage, I diſcus.
ref: 1556, John Heywood, chapter 70, in The Spider and the Flie. […], London: […] Tho[mas] Powell, →OCLC; republished as A[dolphus] W[illiam] Ward, editor, The Spider and the Flie. […] (Publications of the Spenser Society, New Series; 6), Manchester: […] [Charles E. Simms] for the Spenser Society, 1894, →OCLC, page 327:
text: For Images, reliques, prohibition of meates and mariage, and differēce of apparel, although som alteracion begā than amōgst certain, yet al this while, truth was euer able to match wyth errour and superstition, and that with the most consent of voices, amongst the learned.
ref: 1563 March 30 (Gregorian calendar), John Foxe, Actes and Monuments of These Latter and Perillous Dayes, […], London: […] Iohn Day, […], →OCLC, book I, page 941 [19]:
text: As for the cuſtome that ſome parents and guardians have of forcing mariages, it will be better to ſay nothing of ſuch a ſavage inhumanity, […]
ref: 1644, J[ohn] M[ilton], “The eighth reason, It is probable, or rather certain, that every one who happ’ns to marry, hath not the calling, and therefore upon unfitnesse found and consider’d, force ought not to be us’d”, in The Doctrine or Discipline of Divorce: […], 2nd edition, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, book I, page 27:
glosses: Obsolete spelling of marriage.
microneighborhood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: microneighborhoods
form: microneighbourhood
Etymology: From micro- + neighborhood.
Senses: examples: text: Occasionally the resultant microneighborhood was a single block; more often it was part of one block plus the face of the block across the street. Or it might be both sides of a street for several blocks.
ref: 1982, Claude S. Fischer, To Dwell Among Friends: Personal Networks in Town and City, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 276:
glosses: A very small urban neighborhood, usually extending the length of a city block or smaller.
pander
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpændə/
ipa: /ˈpændɚ/
rhymes: -ændə(ɹ)
homophone: panda (non-rhotic)
Forms: form: panders
form: pandar
Etymology: From Middle English pandare, from Chaucer’s character Pandare (in Troilus and Criseyde; see also Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida), from Italian Pandaro (found in Boccaccio), from Latin Pandarus (found in Greek mythology), from Ancient Greek Πάνδαρος (Pándaros).
Senses: examples: text: […] if ever you prove false one, to another since I have taken such paine to bring you together let all pittifull goers betweene be cald to the worlds end after my name, call them all Panders, let all constant men be Troylusses all false woemen Cressids, and all brokers betweene panders
ref: 1609, Shakespeare, Troilus and Cressida, act 3:
text: It was not only the brilliant phalanx of virtuous dowagers, generals and academicians with whom he was most intimately associated that Swann so cynically compelled to serve him as panders.
ref: 1992, Moncrieff/Kilmartin/Enright, translating Marcel Proust, Swann’s Way, Folio Society 2005, p. 190
synonyms: word: panderer
word: abbot
word: bludger
word: bully
word: cock-bawd
word: dalaal
word: fishmonger
word: flashman
word: fleshmonger
word: hoon
word: hustler
word: mackerel
word: mack
word: mack daddy
word: muttonmonger
word: nookie-bookie
word: pandar
word: pimp
word: pussymonger
word: ruffian
word: souteneur
word: sweetman
word: whoreman
word: whoremaster
word: whoremonger
glosses: A person who furthers the illicit love-affairs of others; a pimp or procurer.
glosses: An offer of illicit sex with a third party.
glosses: An illicit or illegal offer, usually to tempt.
examples: text: Camillo was his helpe in this, his Pandar:
There is a Plot against my Life, my Crowne;
All's true that is mistrusted: that false Villaine,
Whom I employ'd, was pre-emplot'd
ref: c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene ii], page 282, column 1:
text: Those wicked panders to avarice and ambition.
ref: 1796, Edmund Burke, A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord, on the Attacks Made upon Him and His Pension, […], London: […] J. Owen, […], and F[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC:
text: Two small Hindu boys were waiting for me outside—small for their years (about fourteen) but infinitely worldly-wise. Hindu boys are, first, panders, and second, remarkably skillful and pertinacious beggars.
ref: 1944 May, Gilbert E. Fuller Jr, “Chanute and Points West”, in The Atlantic:
glosses: One who ministers to the evil designs and passions of another.
Derived terms: panderism
panderly
panderous
pandersome
pander
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpændə/
ipa: /ˈpændɚ/
rhymes: -ændə(ɹ)
homophone: panda (non-rhotic)
Forms: form: panders
form: pandering
form: pandered
form: pandered
form: pandar
Etymology: From Middle English pandare, from Chaucer’s character Pandare (in Troilus and Criseyde; see also Shakespeare’s Troilus and Cressida), from Italian Pandaro (found in Boccaccio), from Latin Pandarus (found in Greek mythology), from Ancient Greek Πάνδαρος (Pándaros).
Senses: examples: text: His latest speech panders to the worst instincts of the electorate.
text: [...] both the Conservatives and Labour are guilty of pandering to the road lobby at the time of Beeching's The Reshaping of Britain's Railways report published in 1963.
ref: 2020 July 29, Howard Johnston, “Reversing Beeching: just how serious is the DfT?”, in Rail, page 30:
synonyms: pamper
glosses: To tempt with, to appeal or cater to (improper motivations, etc.); to assist in gratification.
examples: text: Who knows what Brill really thought? But he pandered the rumor linking Spear to a whole string of dastardly deeds.
ref: 1980 April 19, Mitzel, “Barbre Murder Grand Jury: Puccini Outtake”, in Gay Community News, page 1:
glosses: To offer (something or someone) in order to tempt or appeal, especially to base or improper motivations.
glosses: To offer illicit sex with a third party; to pimp.
glosses: To act as a pander for (somebody).
Synonyms: sense: to pimp
word: prostitute
word: hustle
word: whore out
word: pimp out
Derived terms: micropander
paedopandering
panderage
panderer
panderess
panderingly
pandership
pandress
pandy
Related terms: demagogism
shiksa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈʃɪksə/
Forms: form: shiksas
form: schicksa
form: shicksa
form: shickse
form: shikse
form: shikseh
form: shickster
form: shakester
Etymology: From Yiddish שיקסע (shikse), which is partly derived from the Hebrew שֶׁקֶץ (šeqeṣ, “abomination, impure, object of loathing”).
Senses: examples: text: A Shickse, that wasn't bad enough? What's worse, you ask? A black man? Well this daughter of mine had to find herself a black woman in order to spite me. That I should never rest easy in my grave.
ref: 1981 February 14, Andrea Loewenstein, “Voices in the Night”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 29, page 8:
glosses: A non-Jewish girl, especially one who is attractive and young.
glosses: a sexually promiscuous gentile woman.
Related terms: shegetz
shiksappeal
bouquet garni
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bouquets garnis
Etymology: Borrowed from French bouquet garni (literally “garnished bouquet”).
Senses: examples: text: In the past, the bouquet garni was a prescribed mixture of thyme, bay leaf, and parsley. But thankfully the traditional formula has changed as cooking methods have become less regimented.
ref: 2010, Ruth Lively, Cooking from the Garden, Taunton Press, →ISBN, page 117:
glosses: A bundled mixture of herbs or dried herbs used as a flavouring for stews, soups, and sauces.
garam masala
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: garam masalas
Etymology: From Hindi गरम मसाला (garam masālā, “hot spice”).
Senses: glosses: A mixture of spices used in Indian dishes, such as coriander, cumin, cloves, cinnamon, nutmeg, star anise, and chillis.
Guillaume
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Guillaumes
Etymology: From French. Doublet of Guillermo, William, and Wilhelm, etc., whose diminutive is Guy
Senses: glosses: A male given name from French.
inseminate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈsɛmɪneɪt/
Forms: form: inseminates
form: inseminating
form: inseminated
form: inseminated
Etymology: From Latin inseminatus, past participle of inseminare (“to sow”). See seminate.
Senses: glosses: To sow (to disperse or plant seeds).
glosses: To fill with one's semen.
glosses: To impregnate (to cause to become pregnant).
Derived terms: inseminatee
noninseminated
reinseminate
uninseminated
Related terms: insemination
inseminator
fictionary
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈfɪkʃən(ə)ɹi/
rhymes: -ɪkʃənɛəɹi
Etymology: From fiction + -ary.
Senses: examples: text: I used to spend my mornings in the large, deserted drawing-room, whose charm was not yet broken, inditing ardent letters, into which my whole soul undisguised, was breathed to an imaginary friend; or writing some fragmentary sketches of the life of some fictionary favourite of fortune, in whose fate I always foreshadowed my own.
ref: 1853, Mary Anna Needell, Ada Gresham, page 53:
text: Lastly, there were not a few scholars who, discarding the idea that myths were purely fictionary, and admitting a basis of reality, yet found that basis not in historical occurrence but in natural phenomena.
ref: 1869, The Cornhill Magazine, Volume XIX: January to June, 1869, page 37:
text: Omitting, for the occasion, all thought of Anglo-Saxon literary remains, histories, chronicles, theological, fictionary, and scientific works, the entire number of documentary evidences, such as charters, wills, etc., of the Saxon period in England is very limited.
ref: 1882, Journal of the British Archaeological Association, volume 38, page 53:
text: Showing a lady into a library in which were alcoves, the books being arranged by subjects, he said, "Now, Miss Mary, I will show you the concave^([sic]) of fictionary novels."'
ref: 1907, Kemp Plummer Battle, History of the University of North Carolina: From its beginning to the death of President Swain, 1789-1868, volume 1, page 574:
glosses: Fictional.
fictionary
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪkʃəˌnɛɹi/
ipa: /ˈfɪkʃən(ə)ɹi/
rhymes: -ɪkʃənɛəɹi
Forms: form: fictionaries
form: Fictionary
Etymology: Blend of fiction + dictionary.
Senses: examples: text: I generally hate playing games, but recently I was introduced to one that I think is actually fun: fictionary.
ref: 2001, Susannah Seton, 365 Simple Pleasures, page 14:
text: One of our favorites is Fictionary, which we play on holidays or during storms.
ref: 2007, David Elkind, The Power of Play: Learning What Comes Naturally, page 190:
text: Turns out, it's reminiscent of the game of Fictionary that was the hit of a recent Thanksgiving at my home (see below).
ref: 2010, Wanda Urbanska, The Heart of Simple Living: 7 Paths to a Better Life, page 223:
glosses: A parlor game in which participants invent definitions for an unfamiliar word found in a dictionary, and as one person reads them out, the others try to guess which one is the correct definition.
examples: text: Daffynitions appear in fictionaries, not dictionaries, and they add hidden dimensions to the words they describe.
ref: 1980, Gyles Daubeney Brandreth, The Joy of Lex: How to Have Fun with 860,341,500 Words, New York: Morrow, →ISBN, page 269:
text: From anemoia to zagreb: how ‘fictionaries’ are liberating the word [title]
ref: 2019 May 27, Eley Williams, “From anemoia to zagreb: how ‘fictionaries’ are liberating the word”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A dictionary with contrived entries.
Coordinate terms: dictionary