cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
pyknomorphic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: As seen, bulbectomy induced an increase of pathological neurons from 15–18% to 33–43% in all studied brain structures, with a critical growth of the number of pyknomorphic neurons, which reflects the death rate among neuronal population.
ref: 2015 September 23, “The Y-Box Binding Protein 1 Suppresses Alzheimer’s Disease Progression in Two Animal Models”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of pycnomorphic.
pycnomorphic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pycno- + -morphic.
Senses: topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Having a compact arrangement of stainable parts
copoclephiles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of copoclephile
special measures
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The LEA is required to support schools in special measures or with serious weaknesses.
ref: 2004, K.B. Everard, Geoff Morris, Ian Wilson, Effective School Management, SAGE, →ISBN, page 228:
text: Before the 2005 Schools White Paper, schools put into Special Measures have been aware that they might face closure if they did not improve within about two years.
ref: 2006, Great Britain. National Audit Office, Improving Poorly Performing Schools in England, The Stationery Office, →ISBN, page 37:
text: The governments new proposals intend to make the following changes and introductions: [...] Placing underperforming council planning departments into “special measures” and allowing developers to bypass them if they fail to improve.
ref: 2013, Selchouk Sami, The Book on Entrepreneurship and Property: The Guide to Successful Entrepreneurship and Property Investment, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 78:
text: These organisations were put into special measures and their boards placed under high levels of scrutiny around how they were focusing on quality and patient safety issues.
ref: 2015, Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP), Good Governance Handbook, Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP) →ISBN, page 22
glosses: External administration for a failing public service such as a school or hospital.
qualifier: Scots law
glosses: Judicial systems to protect vulnerable witnesses in courts of law.
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see special, measures.
paedogamy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pedogamy
Etymology: From paedo- + -gamy.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: The reproduction of some protists by the fusion of gametes that have the same parent.
Derived terms: paedogamous
hyposexuality
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyposexualities
Etymology: From hypo- + sexuality.
Senses: antonyms: hypersexuality
glosses: A significantly low level of sexual desire.
Coordinate terms: hypoactive sexual desire disorder
inhibited sexual desire
sexual anorexia
hyposexual
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more hyposexual
form: most hyposexual
Etymology: From hypo- + sexual.
Senses: glosses: Of or relating to hyposexuality
hyposexual
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyposexuals
Etymology: From hypo- + sexual.
Senses: glosses: A person who is hyposexual
Related terms: non-libidoist
SMB
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: video-games
glosses: Initialism of Super Mario Bros.
topics: video-games
glosses: Initialism of Super Meat Boy.
topics: Windows
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
networking
physical-sciences
sciences
software
coordinate_terms: CIFS
glosses: Initialism of Server Message Block.
SMB
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: SMBs
Senses: topics: business
synonyms: SME
glosses: Initialism of small and medium-sized business or small- to medium-sized business.
topics: diving
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
underwater-diving
glosses: Initialism of surface marker buoy.
retinochoroiditis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: retinochoroidites
Etymology: From retino- + choroiditis.
Senses: examples: text: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the treatment and control of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis has been published, and there is a lack of evidence to support routine antibiotic treatment being effective for acute Toxoplasma retinochoroiditis [18, 19 ].
ref: 2015 September 23, “A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Anti- Toxoplasma gondii Medicines in Humans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: inflammation of the retina and choroid
Synonyms: chorioretinitis
gerontocide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gerontocides
Etymology: From geronto- + -cide.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of geronticide.
semigranulocyte
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: semigranulocytes
Etymology: From semi- + granulocyte.
Senses: examples: text: At ecdysis stage, semigranulocyte numbers are reduced to 4.8 ± 1.1 x10 6 cells/ml hemolymph (60.7 ± 14.4% of THC) while granulocytes are counted to 2.6 ± 0.5 x10 6 cells/ml hemolymph (33.4 ± 6.3% of THC).
ref: 2015 September 23, “The Involvement of Hemocyte Prophenoloxidase in the Shell-Hardening Process of the Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: A form of granulocyte having unstable granules
semigranulocytes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis using a specific antiserum generated against CasPPO show granulocytes, semigranulocytes and hyaline cells as the cellular sources for PPO at the postmolt.
ref: 2015 September 23, “The Involvement of Hemocyte Prophenoloxidase in the Shell-Hardening Process of the Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of semigranulocyte
semimatrix
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: semimatrices
Etymology: From semi- + matrix.
Senses: examples: text: From this semimatrix, mean within-population pairwise values were calculated with 999 permutations, and 1,000 bootstraps in GenAlEx 6.5 [51 ].
ref: 2015 September 23, “Population Genetic Patterns of Threatened European Mudminnow ( Umbra krameri Walbaum, 1792) in a Fragmented Landscape: Implications for Conservation Management”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: One half of a matrix
sporamin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: sporamins
Senses: examples: text: Much less is known too in terms of the interactions of nematode feeding and the KPIs. In transgenic studies, over-expression of the sporamin gene from sweet potato in sugar beet did reduce the growth and development of the sugar beet cyst nematode, H.
ref: 2015 September 23, “Transcription of Biotic Stress Associated Genes in White Clover ( Trifolium repens L .) Differs in Response to Cyst and Root-Knot Nematode Infection”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A storage protein found in the tubers of sweet potato
stagnophilous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From stagno- + -philous.
Senses: examples: text: This small (up to 100 mm in total length) stagnophilous species [27 ] was widely distributed in the marshy habitats of the Danube drainage basin from Vienna to the delta, and in the lower reaches of Dniestr drainage basin [28 ], prior to river regulation (Fig 1b ).
ref: 2015 September 23, “Population Genetic Patterns of Threatened European Mudminnow ( Umbra krameri Walbaum, 1792) in a Fragmented Landscape: Implications for Conservation Management”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: That prefer to live in pools and similar stagnant water
raw_tags: of fish
sympathicovagal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From sympathico- + vagal.
Senses: examples: text: Several small case-control studies examining the association between obesity and ANS activity in childhood have shown generally consistent results regarding lower parasympathetic activity in obese children[18 –23 ], but more conflicting results regarding sympathicovagal balance or sympathetic activity[18 –25 ].
ref: 2015 September 23, “Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activation and Metabolic Profile in Young Children: The ABCD Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Alternative form of sympathovagal.
temporospectral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: temporo-spectral
Etymology: From temporo- + spectral.
Senses: examples: text: For the first time, we showed bi-directional temporospectral dynamics between the nucleus accumbens and the neocortex in humans.
ref: 2015 September 23, “Directed Communication between Nucleus Accumbens and Neocortex in Humans Is Differentially Supported by Synchronization in the Theta and Alpha Band”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to the change in frequency distribution over time
transheterozygotes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Importantly, overexpression of WASP in trc mutants and transheterozygotes of trc and Tsc2 (which also show synaptic overgrowth) suppressed their synaptic overgrowth phenotypes.
ref: 2015 September 23, “Tricornered Kinase Regulates Synapse Development by Regulating the Levels of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of transheterozygote
bob-a-job
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: See bob (“shilling”). The first Bob a Job Week was in April 1949.
Senses: glosses: The practice of children undertaking to do small jobs around the home, originally for a charge of one shilling, traditionally offered by boy scouts during a designated week of the year.
Related terms: bob-job
gardenalia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From garden + -alia.
Senses: examples: text: As a practical gardener, painter and builder of gardenalia such as shell grottoes, she was important in that she used the idea of 'landscape as painting' […]
ref: 2000, Christopher Christie, The British Country House in the Eighteenth Century, page 144:
text: And that's not all the celebrity gardenalia; you can also gawp at Vanessa Feltz's dibber.
ref: 2001, Elijah Howarth, F. R. Rowley, W. Ruskin Butterfield, The Museums Journal, volume 101, page 58:
text: However, Tracey knew that she would need more than the flowers from her garden to create a viable business and so began to make trips to Newark antiques fair to hunt for vintage china, gardenalia, enamelware, small armoires, […]
ref: 2012, Emma Jones, Turn Your Talent Into a Business:
glosses: Collectible or miscellaneous items related to gardens and gardening
Related terms: kitchenalia
McDojo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: McDojos
Etymology: From Mc- + dojo. The "Mc" prefix, borrowed from fast-food chain McDonald's, symbolizes and patterns the process of mass-producing low-quality goods quickly.
Senses: examples: text: This book made me long for the old ways of martial arts instruction before McDojos and health clubs dominated the land.
ref: 2006, Phillip Starr, The Making of a Butterfly: Traditional Chinese Martial Arts as Taught by Master W. C. Chen, Blue Snake Books, →ISBN, page 230:
text: Instructors are hoping that he won't go off and train with some other teacher of a McDojo where producing masses of black belts (but the quality and standard is poor) is the norm.
ref: 2011, John Hennessy, The Essence of Martial Arts: Making Your Skills Work in Practice, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 121:
text: One red flag I will advise is if you see a bunch of kids running around wearing black belts you are probably in a McDojo.
ref: 2012, Israel Gonzales, Martial Arts, the Circle of Life, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 36:
glosses: A dojo that focuses on spectacular techniques and awarding black belts rather than teaching authentic martial arts.
Related terms: diploma mill
ISX
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: topics: business
finance
glosses: Initialism of Iraq Stock Exchange.
tinniolum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tinniola
Etymology: From Latin tinniolum.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of tintinnabulum.
synonyms: word: tintinnabulum
coynte
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: coyntes
Senses: examples: text: Cunnus--a coynte
ref: 1890, Leonard Smithers, Richard Burton, List of terms used in the Priapeia to designate the female sexual organ:
text: I never forgot it, and now whenever that smell of a woman's coynte mounts to my nostrils, I always remember the girl I masturbated.
ref: 1899, anonymous author, Des Grieux:
glosses: the female genitalia; cunt
signifiance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /sɪɡˈnɪfi.əns/
/ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪəns/
Forms: form: signifiaunce
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English signifiaunce, from Old French senefiance, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin significantia. Doublet of significance.
Senses: examples: text: Of this people Iugurth aſſembled a multitude togyder and by lytell & lytell enduced & taught them by cuſtome and exercyſe to folowe the oꝛder of chyualry: to kepe array / to inſue their ſtanderdes / to obey the cōmaundementes of their capitayns / to diſcerne and haue knowlege of the ſignifiaunce of ſoundes of trumpettes […]
ref: c. 1525, Sallust, “How Iugurth aſſembled a newe army of the rude getulyans agaynſt the romayns”, in Alexander Barclay, transl., Here begynneth the famous cronycle of the warre, which the romayns had agaynſt Iugurth vſurper of the kyngdome of Numidy […] , London: Richarde Pynſon:
text: Reade we not of a horne that did blaſpheme, / The name of God through pride and arrogance: / Yet of his woords and ſpeach who did miſdeeme, / Or ſought not rather their ſignifiance.
ref: c. 1577, F. T., The debate betweene Pride and Lowlines […] , London: Rafe Newbery:
text: 21. The ſignifiance of the ſtarres: how commeth winter and ſummer.
ref: 1603, Plutarch, “The Opinions of Philoſophers”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Philosophie, Commonlie Called, The Morals […], London: […] Arnold Hatfield, →OCLC, page 802:
glosses: signification, meaning
white pizza
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: white pizzas
Senses: synonyms: word: white pie
glosses: Pizza made without tomato sauce.
Related terms: pizza bianca
white pizzas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of white pizza
fanwankery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From fan + wankery.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of fanwank.
synonyms: word: fanwank
Wratten number
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Wratten numbers
Etymology: Named after Frederick Wratten, British inventor who founded the first photography company.
Senses: glosses: Any of the arbitrary alphanumeric codes in a system for labelling optical filters, usually for photographic use.
Wratten numbers
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Wratten number
unsmashable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + smashable.
Senses: examples: text: Battle signs, she thought. Before they got too old or tired to do it anymore and settled for unsmashable silence.
ref: 2003, Toni Morrison, Love, Vintage (2016), page 156:
glosses: That cannot be smashed.
unrelation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unrelations
Etymology: From un- (“lack of”) + relation.
Senses: examples: text: Related to the more harmonic relation, the given relation "is unsatisfactory and therefore results as unrelation" (p. 216). Therefore a dialectic emerges between a superior and an inferior relation, which, compared with the former, is unrelation.
ref: 2001, Niels Jørgen Cappelørn, Søren Kierkegaard forskningscenteret, Hermann Deuser, Kierkegaard studies: Yearbook - Page 331:
text: In their respective positions, these relations describe the realities of divine-human unrelation, divine-human relation, human self-relation, and human social relation.
ref: 2006, Dennis Joseph Billy, James Keating, The Way of Mystery: The Eucharist and Moral Living - Page 12:
text: A better illustration of Lawrence's 'ignorance', and a fault which corrupts his whole philosophy of human relations — which is hardly anything but a philosophy of human relations and unrelations — is his hopeless attempt to find some mode in which two persons — of the opposite sex, and then as a venture of despair, of the same sex — may be spiritually united.
ref: 2013, Fiona Becket, D.H. Lawrence - Page 362:
glosses: Lack or absence of relation
unrelations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of unrelation
lawn shrimp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lawn shrimp
form: lawn shrimps
Senses: synonyms: lawn prawn
glosses: Various species of terrestrial amphipods (commonly Arcitalitrus sylvaticus), found in lawns or other vegetation.
backscarp
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: backscarps
Etymology: From back + scarp.
Senses: topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: The scarp formed by a landslide, located at the rearmost (highest) point. The extent of a landslide runs from backscarp to toe.
backscarps
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of backscarp
kit man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kit men
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A man in charge of the equipment in a sports team
dueling banjos
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From a scene in the 1972 film Deliverance in which a tourist with a guitar gets into a picking contest with a hillbilly on a banjo, both playing parts of the song "Dueling Banjos" (originally titled "Feuding Banjos") by Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith.
Senses: examples: text: The current discussion of choice in education has been driven by this dueling banjos mentality in which scholars and other intellectual entrepreneurs compete for public and intellectual attention by describing the conditions they want to create.
ref: 1990, John F. Witte, William H. Clune, Choice and Control in American Education - Volume 2, →ISBN, page 217:
text: Their tools were computers and when three or four engineers surrounded a car and plugged in, the scene wasn't dueling banjos. It was dueling laptops.
ref: 1998, James Schefter, All Corvettes Are Red, →ISBN, page 311:
text: The nurse's fingers are pressing dental dough into my lower incisors, and she and the doctor are playing dueling banjos with funny stories about their kids, when in walks another dentist, dropping by to say hello.
ref: 2007, Walt Harrington, The Beholder's Eye, →ISBN, page 111:
text: Stick to music that has lots of harmony, and if you ever meet your mirror image, don't try to out-pick him and don't take him grouse hunting. It becomes dueling banjos.
ref: 2014, Ted Lundrigan, Grouse and Lesser Gods, →ISBN:
glosses: A contest of skill in which two people try to top each other's offerings, especially one involving musical ability.
examples: text: The name "Appalachia" evokes a host of popular images and stereotypes: feuds, individualism, moonshine, subsistence farming, quilting bees, illiteracy, and dueling banjos, to name just a few.
ref: 1998, David Colin Crass, The Southern Colonial Backcountry, →ISBN, page 162:
text: My family at times seem to think they are aristocrats, at other times I swear I can hear the muffled sound of dueling banjos.
ref: 2000, J. Allen Myers, Spectre: A Collection of Poems and Short Stories, →ISBN, page 66:
text: “Corn and soybeans are the dueling banjos of conventional agriculture that amount to little more than subsidized erosion,” says Thicke, laughing at his own critique.
ref: 2003, Dan Imhoff, Farming with the Wild: Enhancing Biodiversity on Farms and Ranches.:
text: Anyway, Eric kept humming some dueling banjos song and talking about people who marry their first cousins.
ref: 2014, Pamela Fagan Hutchins, Hot Flashes and Half Ironmans, →ISBN:
glosses: Something typical of a stereotypic hillbilly; Something characterized by lack of education, poverty, inbreeding or lack of sophistication.
unoffendable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unoffendable
form: most unoffendable
Etymology: From un- + offendable.
Senses: glosses: That cannot be offended.
cocks of the walk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of cock of the walk
Chiraq
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaɪˈɹæk/
ipa: /ʃɪˈɹæk/
ipa: /ʃɪˈɹɑk/
rhymes: -æk
rhymes: -ɑːk
Etymology: Blend of Chicago + Iraq, coined by South Side rappers comparing the frequency of shootings in Chicago and in Iraq.
Senses: examples: text: Seeing too much of anything in Chiraq streets could be hazardous to anyone's health
ref: 2014, Rumont Tekay, Venom In My Veinz:
text: Welcome to Chiraq
Chitown
My town
ref: 2015, Jimmy Chan, Don't Kill the Messenger 69...The Chronicles of Fo:
text: When the south and west sides of Chicago are covered in the media, for instance, they are often described using infamous terms such as Chiraq and food deserts. Chiraq, a portmanteau of Chicago and Iraq, is used as code to refer to the violence and poverty of these neighborhoods.
ref: 2017, Steve Ventura, Martin Bailkey, Good Food, Strong Communities, page 235:
text: He met his wife and never thought about moving back to Chiraq.
ref: 2018, Shatiera Holman, Equality Ain't Equal:
glosses: Derogatory name for Chicago: a major city in Illinois, United States; especially referring to those parts in the South Side subject to a large amount of violence.
Related terms: Chimpcago
Shitcago
Killadelphia
Pistolvania
uresis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /jʊ(ə)ˈɹiː.sɪs/
ipa: /jʊˈɹiː.sɪs/
rhymes: -iːsɪs
Etymology: From Ancient Greek οὔρησις (oúrēsis).
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
urology
glosses: urination.
Synonyms: -uria
Derived terms: uretic
Related terms: enuresis
nocturesis
Dasharatha
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: /ˈdɑːʃɒrɒtɒ/
Forms: form: Dasaratha
Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit दशरथ (daśaratha).
Senses: glosses: A king of Ayodhya and a descendant of the Ikshvaku dynasty in the Ramayana.
Chi-Town
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃaɪˌtaʊn/
ipa: /ˈtʃaɪˌtaʊn/
Forms: form: Chitown
form: ChiTown
Senses: examples: text: By the time we hit that Chi-town
Them bears was a-gettin' smart.
They'd brought up some reinforcements
From the Illinois National Guard.
ref: 1975, “Convoy”, in C.W. McCall, Chip Davis (lyrics), Black Bear Road, performed by C. W. McCall:
text: You was the Chi-Town version of Baby / And I was just a virgin, a baby
ref: 2005, “Drive Slow”, in Late Registration, performed by Kanye West:
glosses: Chicago.
Synonyms: sense: slang term for Chicago
word: Chiraq
sense: slang term for Chicago
word: Hogtown
sense: slang term for Chicago
word: Windy City
sense: slang term for Chicago
word: Shitcago
sense: slang term for Chicago
word: Second City
Chitown
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Chi-Town.
ChiTown
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Chi-Town.
saddle bum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: saddle bums
Senses: glosses: Synonym of saddle tramp.
synonyms: word: saddle tramp
saddle-bum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: saddle-bums
Senses: glosses: Synonym of saddle tramp.
synonyms: word: saddle tramp
saddlebum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: saddlebums
Etymology: From saddle + bum.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of saddle tramp.
synonyms: word: saddle tramp
autocrinal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: And the possibility that this signaling cascade is initiated by autocrinal EGF-related growth factors, PDGF or bFGF has been excluded.
ref: 2015 September 24, “High Cell Density Upregulates Calcium Oscillation by Increasing Calcium Store Content via Basal Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activity”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: autocrine
biophysiochemical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From bio- + physiochemical.
Senses: examples: text: Whilst it is possible that assay bias has occurred due to differences in soil biophysiochemical properties between the high and low prevalence site, previous seeding experiments into soil from the low-prevalence site have not provided evidence of assay inhibition.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Environmental Attributes Influencing the Distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Northern Australia”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
chemistry
medicine
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physiology
sciences
glosses: biophysiological and chemical
capillaroscopy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: capillaroscopies
Etymology: From capillaro- + -scopy.
Senses: examples: text: Pre-augmentation urodynamic testing and capillaroscopy was performed.
ref: 2015 September 24, “The Role of Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Urinary Bladder Regeneration”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: microscopic examination of capillaries (small blood vessels)
Derived terms: capillaroscopic
videocapillaroscopy
cephalosporinase
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cephalosporinases
Etymology: From cephalosporin + -ase.
Senses: examples: text: Resistance to β-lactams is mainly due to enzymatic degradation by a chromosomal cephalosporinase, plasmid-mediated broad spectrum β-lactamases, and recently acquired carbapenemases [4, 6, 7, 9 –14 ].
ref: 2015 September 24, “In Vivo Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in Two Cases of Enterobacter aerogenes Infections during Treatment with Imipenem”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any enzyme that hydrolyses (the lactam ring of a ) cephalosporin
chrolactomycin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: chrolactomycins
Senses: glosses: Any of a particular class of antitumor antibiotic
chrolactomycins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: All three of the genera have been recorded to produce potent antimicrobials such as the chrolactomycins from Actinospica [38 ], novel aminocoumarins from Catenulispora [39 ] and a novel drug targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis ecumicin from Nonomuraea [40 ].
ref: 2015 September 24, “Designing and Implementing an Assay for the Detection of Rare and Divergent NRPS and PKS Clones in European, Antarctic and Cuban Soils”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of chrolactomycin
deenergize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: deenergizes
form: deenergizing
form: deenergized
form: deenergized
Etymology: From de- + energize.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of de-energize.
Related terms: deenergization
deenergized
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: Cells were first deenergized by an overnight incubation in Mg-PPB with 5 μM CCCP and loaded with 32 μM 1,2’-DNA at 37°C in the dark.
ref: 2015 September 24, “In Vivo Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in Two Cases of Enterobacter aerogenes Infections during Treatment with Imipenem”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: simple past and past participle of deenergize
digoxigenated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Probes were labeled with digoxigenated dUTP (Dig-11dUTP) using the random priming method.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Achilles, a New Family of Transcriptionally Active Retrotransposons from the Olive Fruit Fly, with Y Chromosome Preferential Distribution”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That has been reacted with digoxigenin.
deenergizing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of deenergize
deenergizes
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of deenergize
Vansterdam
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Vamsterdam
Etymology: Blend of Vancouver + Amsterdam from the cannabis drug culture found in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, being comparable to Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of Vancouver (“city in British Columbia”).
synonyms: word: Vancouver
extra: city in British Columbia
gluzincin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gluzincins
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a particular class of metalloprotease containing glutamic acid and zinc
Vamsterdam
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Vansterdam.
gluzincins
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In MEROPS, MA clan members are grouped into the MA(E) and MA(M) subclans, commonly termed as gluzincins and metzincins, respectively.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Comparison of the Internal Dynamics of Metalloproteases Provides New Insights on Their Function and Evolution”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of gluzincin
gonadosomatic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From gonado- + somatic.
Senses: examples: text: Liver and gonad were sampled to determine their weights and to calculate the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) according to the formulas: with LW: liver weight (g); with GW: gonad weight (g), BW: body weight (g).
ref: 2015 September 24, “The Olfactory Transcriptome and Progression of Sexual Maturation in Homing Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Specifying the ratio of the masses of the gonads and the body
hemimandible
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ændɪbəl
Forms: form: hemimandibles
Etymology: From hemi- + mandible.
Senses: examples: text: D-F, MNHN.F.EBA 518b, right hemimandible bearing P 3 -P 4 and M 2 -M 3 ; D, labial view; E, lingual view; F, occlusal view.
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Either half of a mandible
hemimandibles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: These specimens consist of a skull, two hemimandibles and several hind limb elements (fibula, astragalus, calcaneum, metatarsals, and phalanges).
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of hemimandible
West Van
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Abbreviation of West Vancouver.
Senses: glosses: West Vancouver (a city in the Fraser Valley, British Columbia, Canada, north of Vancouver, west of North Vancouver, on the north shore of the Fraser River delta)
Related terms: Van
East Van
North Van
South Van
hyainailourid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyainailourids
Senses: examples: text: Hyaenodontid pterygoids are generally less developed ventrally and posteriorly than hyainailourid pterygoids (Fig 5, Feature 12; Table 1 ).
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Any extinct mammal of the family Hyainailouridae
Related terms: hyainailouroid
hyainailourine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hyainailourines
Senses: examples: text: The postcranial elements, which are rarely associated with hyainailourine specimens, indicate an animal capable of a plantigrade stance and adapted for terrestrial locomotion.
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Any hyaenodontid afrothere of the genus Hyaenaelurus.
hyainailourines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: We performed the first phylogenetic analysis of hyainailourines to determine the systematic position of K.
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of hyainailourine
hyperadenylation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hyper- + adenylation.
Senses: examples: text: Moreover, CPEB4-KD cells show polyadenylation defects, hyperadenylation, at 2.5 h, suggesting CPEB4 may already play a role in inactivating mRNAs during S-phase (or S to G2 phase transition).
ref: 2015 September 24, “Global Analysis of CPEBs Reveals Sequential and Non-Redundant Functions in Mitotic Cell Cycle”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Excessive adenylation
hypophysiotropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɒpɪk
Senses: examples: text: The sGnRH has been shown to elicit GTH-releasing activity and is considered to be the hypophysiotropic form.
ref: 2015 September 24, “The Olfactory Transcriptome and Progression of Sexual Maturation in Homing Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: That stimulates the hypophysis.
lead pencil
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lead pencils
Etymology: Graphite was once thought to be a form of lead.
Senses: glosses: A pencil with a core made of graphite.
lead pencils
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of lead pencil
have blood on one's hands
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: has blood on one's hands
form: having blood on one's hands
form: had blood on one's hands
form: had blood on one's hands
Senses: glosses: To be responsible for a violent act.
South Van
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Abbreviation of South Vancouver.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of South Vancouver (the districts of the City of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada, which lie in the south of the city, next to the city of Richmond)
synonyms: word: South Vancouver
extra: the districts of the City of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada, which lie in the south of the city, next to the city of Richmond
wikipedia: South Vancouver
Related terms: Van
East Van
North Van
West Van
has blood on one's hands
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of have blood on one's hands
having blood on one's hands
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of have blood on one's hands
had blood on one's hands
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of have blood on one's hands
applied linguistics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: The interdisciplinary field of linguistics that identifies, investigates and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems.
primary goods
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Goods which are presumed to be desired by all rational individuals.
thinks much of
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of think much of
thinking much of
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of think much of
thought much of
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of think much of
Daneman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Danemen
Etymology: From Dane + -man.
Senses: glosses: a Danish person, or descendant of such
glosses: a male Dane, or male descendant of Danes
Danemen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Daneman
Frog
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Frogs
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of frog (“French person”).
Frogs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Frog
batil
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: batils
form: bateel
form: battil
Etymology: Borrowed from Arabic بَتِيل (batīl).
Senses: examples: text: The Batil, a vessel with a long fiddle-headed bow and two masts, which may be distinguished from other craft by the inner part of the stern-post being ornamented with devices cut in the wood.
ref: 1877, Charles Rathbone Low, The History of the Indian Navy:
text: While baghlas and their smaller equivalents, battils, were used for Arab trade between the west coast of India and the Gulf, European-style ships were also increasingly prevalent in this trade.
ref: 2020 August 20, Sujit Sivasundaram, Waves Across the South: A New History of Revolution and Empire, HarperCollins UK, →ISBN, page 157:
glosses: A type of traditional sailing vessel used in the Arabian Sea.
rurals
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of rural
porcicide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Latin porcus (“pig”) + -cide
Senses: glosses: The killing of a pig or pigs.
porciculture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Latin porcus (“pig”) + culture
Senses: glosses: The raising of pigs.
Einstein notation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Named after Albert Einstein
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A mathematical notation using indices to label the components of vectors and tensors.
infectiology
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: infectology
Etymology: From international scientific vocabulary, reflecting New Latin combining forms, from infection + -ology; being ISV, the word is cognate with French infectiologie, but in English the usual name of the medical specialty is infectious disease or infectious diseases.
Senses: examples: text: We describe here a novel approach to infectiology for salmonid fish where blood samples are collected repeatedly in a small group of PIT-tagged animals.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Individual Monitoring of Immune Response in Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar following Experimental Infection with Infectious Salmon Anaemia Virus (ISAV)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: The study of infection
wikipedia: classical compound
international scientific vocabulary
Derived terms: infectiologic
infectologic
infectiological
infectological
infectiologist
infectologist
Related terms: english: which is the standard collocation naming the medical specialty in English
translation: which is the standard collocation naming the medical specialty in English
word: infectious disease
english: which is the standard collocation naming the medical specialty in English
translation: which is the standard collocation naming the medical specialty in English
word: infectious diseases
intertympanic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ænɪk
Etymology: From inter- + tympanic.
Senses: examples: text: Furthermore, Wever and Vernon [25 ] showed that sound energy is conducted through the heads of crocodylians via intertympanic communications allowing for sound localization by way of the detection of interaural time and phase differences.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Ontogeny of the Middle-Ear Air-Sinus System in Alligator mississippiensis (Archosauria: Crocodylia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Between tympana
intraoperation
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From intra- + operation.
Senses: examples: text: Similar to 18 F-tLyP-1, the tumor/brain ratios of FAM-tLyP-1 was also high, indicating both molecular reagents could likely by used to identify glioma microinvasions before the surgery and intraoperation to guide the resection of malignant glioma.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Use of Labelled tLyP-1 as a Novel Ligand Targeting the NRP Receptor to Image Glioma”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: medicine
sciences
surgery
glosses: During an operation
salad bowl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: salad bowls
Senses: glosses: A bowl used for tossing and serving salad.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
tennis
glosses: The silver bowl awarded to the winners of the Davis Cup.
examples: text: If more illegal immigrants continue to cross our Southern border, America will no longer be a melting pot, it will become a salad bowl!
glosses: A multicultural country in which people do not assimilate into the wider society.
koholiine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: koholiines
Senses: examples: text: The only other hyaenodonts known at that time were the teratodontine Dissopsalis, which was present in Africa and Asia [134] and the koholiine Metapterodon, which was possibly present in Asia [135].
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Any of the subfamily †Koholiinae of extinct mammals.
koholiines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: However, the koholiines differ from hyainailourines in featuring a robust angular process that is preceded anteriorly by a concavity (Fig 5, Feature 14; Table 1 ).
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of koholiine
leukomonocyte
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: leukomonocytes
Etymology: From leuko- + monocyte.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of monocyte.
synonyms: word: monocyte
leukomonocytes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: TCs kept in close touch with other TCs or leukomonocytes, including natural killer cells (NK), neutrophilicgranulocytes, macrophages, which were embraced with long prolongations of TCs. Popescu et al. described these cells and had many comprehensive researches on TCs. They insisted on that no specific markers had been yet defined for TCs [3 ,4 ].
ref: 2015 September 24, “Telocytes in the Spleen”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: plural of leukomonocyte
limnocyonine
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: limnocyonines
Senses: examples: text: Among Hyaenodonta, this feature is shared with the proviverrine Allopterodon and the limnocyonine Thinocyon.
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Any of the subfamily †Limnocyoninae of extinct mammals.
magnesiotropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Moreover, the mRNA levels of magnesiotropic and calciotropic genes were examined in the large intestine and kidney by real-time PCR. Results Treatment with omeprazole significantly reduced serum Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ levels.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Dietary Inulin Fibers Prevent Proton-Pump Inhibitor (PPI)-Induced Hypocalcemia in Mice”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Describing any material (especially a hormone) that is involved in the regulation of magnesium in the blood and in bone
mesiolabial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -eɪbiəl
Etymology: From mesio- + labial.
Senses: examples: text: The notable features that support node M are the absence of a talonid on M 3 [49(2)], a distally directed postprotocristid [48(1) FO & SO], the loss of the mesiolabial cingulum on the upper premolars and molars [15(2) FO], and reduction of the talonid cusp [40(2) SO, 41(1)].
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to the mesial and labial surfaces of a tooth
microinvasions
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of microinvasion
micronucleation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: micronucleations
Etymology: From micro- + nucleation.
Senses: examples: text: Rb1-competent cells displayed mono-nucleated morphology whereas the Rb1-negative cells displayed considerable micronucleation consistent with an attenuated mitotic checkpoint arising from an Mps1 functional block.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Mitotic Checkpoint Kinase Mps1 Has a Role in Normal Physiology which Impacts Clinical Utility”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: microscopic nucleation
micropredation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From micro- + predation.
Senses: examples: text: Indeed, while micropredation has been proposed for this alga [56 ] and observed for other Ostreopsis species preying on naked ciliates [57 ], predation on bacterial cells would require feeding strategies [53 ] not yet assessed for Ostreopsidaceae species.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Modelling the Stoichiometric Regulation of C-Rich Toxins in Marine Dinoflagellates”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: predation among microorganisms
mononegaviral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Although the structure of the mononegaviral VSV polymerase has been recently reported [40 ], we have not included it in our tree due to its low resolution (3.8A).
ref: 2015 September 24, “Structural Analysis of Monomeric RNA-Dependent Polymerases: Evolutionary and Therapeutic Implications”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to any mononegavirus
mononegavirus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: mononegaviruses
Senses: glosses: Any virus of the order Mononegavirales.
Derived terms: mononegaviral
ossiphagous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The data suggest a correlation between HSB type and feeding type, especially of zigzag HSB with ossiphagous feeding.
ref: 1999, C Stefen, “Enamel microstructure of recent and fossil Canidae (Carnivora: Mammalia)”, in Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology:
ref: 1999, “With the exception of the Geiseltal, in each fauna at least one ossiphagous taxon was present.”, in Geobios:
text: Felids are represented by 17 extant species, which cover nearly two orders of magnitude in body size, and hyaenids include the three ossiphagous species of this family.
ref: 2010, Borja Figueirido, Juan A. Pérez-Claros, Vanessa Torregrosa, Alberto Martín-Serra, Paul Palmqvist, “Demythologizing Arctodus simus, the 'short-faced' long-legged and predaceous bear that never was”, in Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, volume 30, number 1:
text: Werdelin [103 ] distinguishes two morphotypes among ossiphageous carnivores: the bone-crackers (e.g., spotted hyaenas), which break bones with their premolars, and bone-crushers (e.g., wolves) that break bones with their post-carnassial molars.
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Exhibiting ossiphagy
ossiphagy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From ossi- + -phagy.
Senses: examples: text: She concluded that the development of zigzag HSB in the hyainailourines correlates with ossiphagy.
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Feeding on bones.
Related terms: word: ossiphagous
word: ossifrage
oxyhydroxysulfate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oxyhydroxysulfates
Etymology: From oxy- + hydroxy- + sulfate.
Senses: examples: text: However, Wang and Zhou reported similar results in iron oxyhydroxysulfate mineral jarosite bio-synthesis systems.
ref: 2015 September 24, “Schwertmannite Synthesis through Ferrous Ion Chemical Oxidation under Different H 2 O 2 Supply Rates and Its Removal Efficiency for Arsenic from Contaminated Groundwater”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
geography
geology
inorganic-chemistry
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any material having oxide, hydroxide and sulfate groups.
arsenious acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Synonym of arsenic trioxide.
synonyms: word: arsenic trioxide
parastylar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From parastyle + -ar.
Senses: examples: text: The parastylar region is worn out as on the previous premolars, but it was certainly well developed, which is typical of the hyainailourine P 4 .
ref: 2015 September 24, “A New Large Hyainailourine from the Bartonian of Europe and Its Bearings on the Evolution and Ecology of Massive Hyaenodonts (Mammalia)”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: Relating to the parastyle