cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
trunnion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹʌn.jən/
rhymes: -ʌnjən
Forms: form: trunnions
form: trunion
Etymology: From French trognon (“core, stump”).
Senses: topics: engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: One of the short stubby bearings on either side of a cannon; a pintle.
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A similar rotational bearing comprising a rotating arc or ring sliding in the groove of a stationary arc, used in machinery to allow a workpiece to be moved relative to a fixed tool.
examples: text: To discharge, the conveyor is rotated laterally on its trunnions and the metal flows into a ladle carried on a travelling crane, which conveys it to the converter.
ref: 1964 December, “Beyond the Channel: Belgium: Conveyance of molten iron”, in Modern Railways, page 432:
topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A shaft, held by a bearing, at each end or side of a rotatable object.
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: A similar rotational bearing used in automotive suspensions.
Derived terms: trunnion plate
zoöcytium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zoöcytia
Senses: glosses: Archaic spelling of zoocytium.
zoöcyst
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zoöcysts
Senses: glosses: Archaic spelling of zoocyst.
drive out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: drives out
form: driving out
form: drove out
form: driven out
Senses: examples: text: In 1924 the Hashemite King Hussein was driven out of the Hedjaz by Ibn Saud, and a state of war sprang up between the new kingdoms of Saudi Arabia and Trans-Jordan.
ref: 1956 March, R. C. Blaker, “The Hedjaz Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 167:
synonyms: flush
glosses: To push or to pull, i.e. to force, (someone or something) out of somewhere.
topics: media
printing
publishing
synonyms: get in
glosses: To set closely; to take up less space because the typesetter uses type that is thinner than the copy or the typesetter whites out more or squeezes in more lines on each page.
raw_tags: of type
glosses: Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see drive, out.
fid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɪd/
rhymes: -ɪd
Forms: form: fids
Etymology: Origin unknown.
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
coordinate_terms: marlinspike
glosses: A pointed tool without any sharp edges, used in weaving or knotwork to tighten and form up weaves or complex knots; used in sailing ships to open the strands of a rope before splicing.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A square bar of wood or iron, with a shoulder at one end, to support the weight of the topmast (on a ship).
glosses: A plug of oakum for the vent of a gun.
examples: text: Four — dreadfully unclad — men, carefully oiled, to protect their skin against the great heat, are moving about with long iron spoons, stirring here and mixing there, or kneading into little fids various compounds of coarse sugar and rancid butter […]
ref: 1872, The Eclectic Magazine: Foreign Literature:
glosses: A small thick piece of anything.
glosses: A wooden or metal bar or pin, used to support or steady anything.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The penis.
fid
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /fɪd/
rhymes: -ɪd
Forms: form: fids
form: fidding
form: fidded
form: fidded
Etymology: Origin unknown.
Senses: glosses: To support a topmast using a fid.
zoöchlorella
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zoöchlorellas
form: zoöchlorellae
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of zoochlorella.
zoöchemistry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Archaic spelling of zoochemistry.
zonure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zonures
Etymology: From translingual Zonurus, from zon- (“girdle, belt”), from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē, “girdle, belt”) + -urus (“-tailed”), from Ancient Greek οὐρά (ourá, “tail”).
Senses: glosses: Any one of several of South African lizards of the genus Zonurus (now Smaug), common in rocky environments.
zonulet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zonulets
Senses: glosses: A zonule
zonule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zonules
Etymology: Parallel with zonula, with zona + -ula being homologous to zone + -ule.
Senses: examples: 1963, M. G. Farquar, G. E. Palade, Junctional complexes in various epithelia, The Journal of Cell Biology, Volume 17, republished 2001, Joseph G. Gall, J. Richard McIntosh (editors), Landmark Papers in Cell Biology, page 261,
Each tight junction is followed by an adhering zonule extending between arrows 2 and 3 and, farther away, by a desmosome marked D. A condensation of finely fibrillar material occurs mainly along the adhering zonules on each side of the bile capillary.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: A little zone, or girdle; a zonula.
examples: text: The rim of a small-sized lens along with zonule is clearly seen through the fully dilated pupil.
ref: 2004, E. Ahmed, A Textbook of Ophthalmology, page 270:
text: 2009, Frank W. Howes, 5.4: Indications for Lens Surgery / Indications for Application of Different Lens Surgery Techniques, Myron Yanoff, Jay S. Duker (editors), Ophthalmology, 3rd Edition, page 429,
In most cases, the goal of this type of lens surgery is the same as that for eyes without a compromised zonule: to remove the contents of the capsular bag through a CCC and replace the contents with a foldable IOL.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: The zonule of Zinn.
Derived terms: ciliary zonule
zonule of Zinn
zonulitis
Related terms: zonular
zonar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more zonar
form: most zonar
Senses: glosses: zonal
zomboruk
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zomboruks
Senses: glosses: Rare spelling of zamburak.
Zollverein
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈtsɒlfəˌɹaɪn/
Forms: form: Zollvereins
Etymology: Borrowed from German Zollverein.
Senses: glosses: A customs union, specifically; a coalition of German states, formed in 1818 to manage customs and economic policies within their territories.
zokor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈzoʊkɔɹ/
ipa: /ˈzəʊkɔː/
Forms: form: zokors
Etymology: From dialectal Russian зо́кор (zókor), ultimately of Mongolic origin. See Russian цо́кор (cókor) for more.
Senses: glosses: Any Asiatic burrowing rodent native to Central Asia, in the genera Myospalax and Eospalax.
Zohar
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Borrowed from Hebrew זֹהַר (“splendor, radiance”).
Senses: glosses: A Jewish cabalistic book attributed by tradition to Rabbi Simon ben Yochi, who lived about the end of the 1st century AD. Modern critics believe it to be a compilation of the 13th century.
zoetrope
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈzəʊɪtɹəʊp/
Forms: form: zoetropes
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ζωή (zōḗ, “life”) + -trope. Coined by inventor William E. Lincoln.
Senses: examples: text: Is consciousness really discontinuous, incessantly interrupted and recommencing (from the psychologist’s point of view)? and does it only seem continuous to itself by an illusion analogous to that of the zoetrope?
ref: 1890, William James, The principles of psychology, page 200:
text: This was the way I passed through the remainder of my childhood. The zoetrope span smoothly, time’s Chief Designer narrowed the legs of trousers and decreed that the cars should be more aerodynamic.
ref: 1993, Will Self, My Idea of Fun:
text: The Rosenbloom Loop is a clever little device, but it’s an even more clever symbol of the role that discipline plays in the creation of illusion: the persistence of vision that makes sequential still images appear to move. In a sense, that’s the wizardry that Grand spins in this zoetrope of a novel as these characters love and build and pine and die.
ref: 2014 April 11, Ron Charles, “David Grand’s ‘Mount Terminus’”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 190, number 18, page 37:
glosses: An optical toy, in which figures made to revolve on the inside of a cylinder, and viewed through slits in its circumference, appear like a single figure passing through a series of natural motions as if animated or mechanically moved.
Synonyms: daedalum
thaumatrope
Related terms: phenakistoscope
zoëa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /zoʊˈi.ə/
Forms: form: zoëas
form: zoëae
form: zoaea
form: zoea
form: zooea
Etymology: From New Latin zōaea, zōēa, from Ancient Greek ζωή (zōḗ, “life”) (compare ζῷον (zōîon)).
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: A larval stage of certain decapod crustaceans, especially of decapods such as crabs and certain Anomura, also called the copepod stage, characterized by spines on the carapace and rudimentary thoracic and abdominal limbs.
zocle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zocles
Senses: topics: architecture
glosses: Alternative form of socle.
zocco
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zoccos
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian zocco, from Latin soccus. Doublet of sock.
Senses: topics: architecture
glosses: Synonym of socle.
synonyms: word: socle
zoanthropy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Latin zōanthrōpia. By surface analysis, zoanthrope + -y.
Senses: glosses: The belief that one has transformed into an animal.
Hypernyms: monomania
Related terms: zoanthrope
zoanthodeme
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zoanthodemes
Etymology: From zoanthid + deme (“ecological population”).
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: The zooids of a compound anthozoan, collectively.
zizel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zizels
Etymology: Compare German Ziesel.
Senses: glosses: The suslik.
zizania
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /zɪˈzeɪniə/
rhymes: -eɪniə
Forms: form: zizanias
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin zizania (“cockle, tares”).
Senses: glosses: Any of several aquatic North American grasses, of the genus Zizania, grown for their edible grain; wild rice.
zirconoid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zirconoids
Etymology: From zircon + -oid, because this form often occurs in zircon crystals.
Senses: topics: chemistry
crystallography
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A double eight-sided pyramid, a form common with tetragonal crystals.
zirconia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /zɜːˈkəʊ.ni.ə/
ipa: /zɝˈkoʊ.ni.ə/
Forms: form: zirconias
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: The oxide of zirconium, obtained as a white powder, and possessing both acid and basic properties. On account of its infusibility, and brilliant luminosity when incandescent, it is used as an ingredient of sticks for the Drummond light.
Synonyms: zirconium dioxide
Derived terms: cubic zirconia
zirconian
Related terms: zircon
zircona
akuma
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkuːmə/
ipa: /ˈɑːkumə/
rhymes: -uːmə
rhymes: -ɑːkumə
Forms: form: akuma
form: akumas
Etymology: From Japanese 悪魔, from Middle Chinese 惡魔 (MC 'ak ma, literally “bad, evil + demon”).
Senses: glosses: A Japanese demon.
zirconate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: zirconates
Etymology: From zirconic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any salt of zirconic acid.
Derived terms: cadmium metazirconate
fluozirconate
rusticating
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of rusticate
rusticates
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of rusticate
rusticated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more rusticated
form: most rusticated
Senses: examples: text: rusticated stonework
glosses: Constructed so as to produce a jagged or heavily textured surface.
rusticated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of rusticate
trends
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of trend
trends
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of trend
fatherhood
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɑ.ðɚˌhʊd/
ipa: /ˈfɑːðəˌhʊd/
Forms: form: fatherhoods
Etymology: From Middle English faderhode, fadirhode, fadirhede, equivalent to father + -hood.
Senses: synonyms: paternity
;
fatherness
;
dadhood
hypernyms: parenthood
coordinate_terms: motherhood
;
siblinghood
cousinhood
glosses: The state of being a father (biological father, stepfather, adoptive father, foster father; sometimes the biological father specifically).
Related terms: sense: the state of being a father or a father figure
word: abbacy
sense: the state of being a father or a father figure
word: papacy
King James Bible
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the King James Bible
form: King James Bibles
Senses: glosses: Synonym of King James Version.
synonyms: word: King James Version
Synonyms: word: Authorized Version
Derived terms: KJB
hanuman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hanumans
Senses: glosses: An entellus (Semnopithecus entellus, syn. Presbytis entellus)
Authorized Version
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: the Authorized Version
form: Authorised Version
form: Auth. Ver.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of King James Version.
synonyms: word: King James Version
Synonyms: word: King James Bible
simonize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: simonizes
form: simonizing
form: simonized
form: simonized
Etymology: From Simoniz, a commercial polish (named after the company founder, George Simons), + -ize.
Senses: examples: text: Remember those days? The way Biff used to simonize that car? The dealer refused to believe there was eighty thousand miles on it.
ref: 1949, Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman:
text: Night after night I had to play rummy with Dr. Lutz, and on Sundays I helped him to watch and simonize his Auburn.
ref: 1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 73:
glosses: To polish to a high sheen with a wax-like substance.
simplification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ˌsɪm.plə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
ipa: /ˌsɪm.plə.fəˈkæɪ.ʃən/
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: simplifications
Etymology: From the French simplification.
Senses: glosses: The act of simplifying or something that has been simplified.
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A valid simple argument.
Derived terms: lexical simplification
text simplification
simurgh
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɪˈmʊəɡ/
ipa: /siˈmʊ(ə)ɹɡ/
ipa: /ˈsimʊ(ə)ɹɡ/
rhymes: -ʊə(ɹ)ɡ
Forms: form: simurghs
form: seemurgh
form: simorg
form: simorgh
form: simurg
form: Senmurv
form: Senmurw
Etymology: From Classical Persian سیمرغ (sīmurġ).
Senses: topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
glosses: A gigantic winged benevolent creature.
kawaii
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈwaɪ.i/
ipa: /kəˈwaɪ/
ipa: /kɑːwɑːˈiː/
rhymes: -aɪi
rhymes: -aɪ
Forms: form: more kawaii
form: most kawaii
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 可愛(かわい)い (kawaii, “lovable; adorable; cute”).
Senses: examples: text: She bought a kawaii keychain shaped like a kitten.
text: However, Wong's connection to kawaii culture, which I have attempted to establish here, suggests a different reading of his films. As Larissa Hjorth has argued, “The kawaii is not about post-humanism but rather a clear demonstration of neo-humanist types” (144). In this sense, East Asian kawaii culture, like Wong's films, should be understood as desperate attempts to create a dreamlike humanist space within the harsh reality of globalized capitalism.
ref: 2010, Susan Cahill, Emma Hegarty, Emilie Moran, Waste and Abundance: The Measure of Consumption: Special Issue of SubStance, Issue 116, 37:2 (2008), University of Wisconsin Press, →ISBN, page 106:
text: The female has been reduced to a manageable, nonthreatening form. As we've mentioned, the cyborgs are depicted with typically kawaii features, such as disproportionately large eyes and heads, and thin bodies. Each girl is dressed by her handler in keeping with a particular style. For example, Triela often wears a masculine pants suit […]
ref: 2010, Josef Steiff, Tristan D. Tamplin, Anime and Philosophy: Wide Eyed Wonder, Open Court, →ISBN:
text: In the advanced information society of the 21st century with its communication infrastructure of computers and networks, it is crucial to enhance software that utilizes these technologies, that is, digital content. Among such content, various Japanese kawaii characters such as Hello Kitty and Pokemon have become […]
ref: 2016, Gavriel Salvendy, Waldemar Karwowski, Advances in Cognitive Ergonomics, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 136:
topics: ACG
video-games
glosses: Cute, adorable.
raw_tags: in the context of Japanese culture
Derived terms: kawaiily
kawaiiness
kawaii
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈwaɪ.i/
ipa: /kəˈwaɪ/
ipa: /kɑːwɑːˈiː/
rhymes: -aɪi
rhymes: -aɪ
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 可愛(かわい)い (kawaii, “lovable; adorable; cute”).
Senses: examples: text: However, Wong's connection to kawaii culture, which I have attempted to establish here, suggests a different reading of his films. As Larissa Hjorth has argued, “The kawaii is not about post-humanism but rather a clear demonstration of neo-humanist types” (144). In this sense, East Asian kawaii culture, like Wong's films, should be understood as desperate attempts to create a dreamlike humanist space within the harsh reality of globalized capitalism.
ref: 2010, Susan Cahill, Emma Hegarty, Emilie Moran, Waste and Abundance: The Measure of Consumption: Special Issue of SubStance, Issue 116, 37:2 (2008), University of Wisconsin Press, →ISBN, page 106:
text: Inmates had simply to surrender in fear of a future of simply waiting for death. However, it is not possible to achieve a full understanding of the significance of kawaii in modern society if we fixate only on the disquieting power hiding in the shadows of kawaii things.
ref: 2014, Anthony Elliott, Masataka Katagiri, Atsushi Sawai, Routledge Companion to Contemporary Japanese Social Theory: From Individualization to Globalization in Japan Today, Routledge, →ISBN:
synonyms: kawaiiness
glosses: The quality of being kawaii; cuteness.
raw_tags: in the context of Japanese culture
examples: text: Her room is full of kawaii, with pastel plushies, anime posters, and cute stationery.
glosses: The style or culture of cuteness
raw_tags: in the context of Japanese culture
Related terms: aegyo
moe
figurehead
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈfɪɡjəɹˌhɛd/
ipa: /ˈfɪɡəɹˌhɛd/
Forms: form: figureheads
Etymology: From figure + head.
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
coordinate_terms: fiddlehead
glosses: A carved figure on the prow of a sailing ship.
examples: text: Evidently he did not mean to be a mere figurehead, but to carry on the old tradition of Wilsthorpe's; and that was considered to be a good thing in itself and an augury for future prosperity.
ref: 1928, Lawrence R. Bourne, chapter 2, in Well Tackled!:
text: Instead she played, largely impeccably, the part of a modern constitutional monarch, a symbolic figurehead with a right to be consulted and to advise and warn political leaders privately and to show herself publicly as a focus of national life, celebration and commemoration.
ref: 2022 September 8, Stephen Bates, “Queen Elizabeth II obituary”, in The Guardian:
text: Supporters of Wagenknecht, a controversial but prominent figurehead, are already hatching plans for a breakaway party to compete in the 2024 European elections, the German newspaper Taz reported this week.
ref: 2022 September 19, Philip Oltermann, “Germany’s Die Linke on verge of split over sanctions on Russia”, in The Guardian:
coordinate_terms: frontperson
frontman
front man
front
glosses: Someone in a nominal position of leadership who has little to no actual power.
examples: text: HATCHET. Bring up, I say, or I'll spoil your figurehead. [Lifting his cudgel]
ref: 1829, Douglas Jerrold, Black-Eyed Susan; or, All in the Downs:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A person's face.
Derived terms: figureheadship
concupiscent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɒnˈkjuːpɪ.sənt/
ipa: /kɑːnˈkjuːpɪ.sənt/
ipa: /kənˈkjuːpə.sənt/
Forms: form: more concupiscent
form: most concupiscent
Etymology: From Latin concupiscens (stem concupiscent-), present participle of concupīscō (“long for, covet”), inchoative of concupiō (“long for”), from con- + cupiō (“desire, wish for”).
Senses: examples: text: 1894 — Plato's The Republic, Book VIII, translated by Benjamin Jowett
Is not such an one likely to seat the concupiscent and covetous element on the vacant throne and to suffer it to play the great king within him, girt with tiara and chain and scimitar?
text: Call the roller of big cigars, / The muscular one, and bid him whip / In kitchen cups concupiscent curds.
ref: 1922, Wallace Stevens, The Emperor of Ice Cream:
text: The rumors about Carnival 7NC’s are legion, one such rumor being that their Cruises are kind of like floating meat-market bars and that their ships bob with a conspicuous carnal squeakatasqueakata at night. There’s none of this kind of concupiscent behavior aboard the Nadir, I’m happy to say.
ref: 1997, David Foster Wallace, “A Supposedly Fun Thing I'll Never Do Again”, in A Supposedly Fun Thing I'll Never Do Again, Kindle edition, Little, Brown Book Group:
glosses: Amorous; lustful.
Related terms: concupiscence
concupiscently
concupiscible
conceptualization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: conceptualizations
Etymology: From conceptual + -ization or conceptualize + -ation.
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of conceptualisation.
Derived terms: misconceptualization
reconceptualization
conceptualisation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: conceptualisations
form: conceptualization
Etymology: From conceptual + -isation or conceptualise + -ation.
Senses: examples: text: In this sense, ethnocracy as a socio-political regime is outcome of ethnonationalism, that brand of nationalism that views the nation as a "natural" and ethnically "pure" community, as opposed to its liberal conceptualisation as a community based on equal rights and duties.
ref: 2005, Paul Dresch, Monarchies and Nations, →ISBN, page 119:
text: In light of such conceptualisations of the power of linguistic landscapes, we set out to examine the connection between the visual landscape and the spoken landscape in our institution[.]
ref: 2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 2:
glosses: The act of conceptualising, or something conceptualised.
Derived terms: misconceptualisation
reconceptualisation
soggy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɒɡi/
ipa: /ˈsɑɡi/
rhymes: -ɒɡi
Forms: form: soggier
form: soggiest
Etymology: From sog + -y.
Senses: examples: text: "Although we ended up soaked, the feeling of what we achieved and the calories we burned more than made up for soggy hair and clothes. [...]."
ref: 2020 November 18, “Stop & Examine”, in Rail, page 71:
glosses: Soaked with moisture or other liquid.
Synonyms: drenched
saturated
sodden
wet
Derived terms: muh soggy knees
never eat soggy waffles
never eat soggy wheat
soggily
sogginess
soggy biscuit
gnarled
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɑː(ɹ)ld/
Forms: form: more gnarled
form: most gnarled
Etymology: First attested Shakespeare 1603:
: Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable [unwedgable] and gnarled Oke [oak].
: Measure for Measure, Act II, scene ii, line 116
Variant of knurled, from knurl. By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed, though gnarl is a later back-formation. Popular use by 19th century.
Senses: examples: text: Three chairs of the steamer type, all maimed, comprised the furniture of this roof-garden, with […] on one of the copings a row of four red clay flower-pots filled with sun-baked dust from which gnarled and rusty stalks thrust themselves up like withered elfin limbs.
ref: 1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter I (Anarchy), pages 377–378:
glosses: Knotty and misshapen.
glosses: Made rough by age or hard work.
Synonyms: gnarly
Derived terms: gnarl
ungnarled
gnarled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɑː(ɹ)ld/
Etymology: First attested Shakespeare 1603:
: Thy sharpe and sulpherous bolt Splits the vn-wedgable [unwedgable] and gnarled Oke [oak].
: Measure for Measure, Act II, scene ii, line 116
Variant of knurled, from knurl. By surface analysis, gnarl + -ed, though gnarl is a later back-formation. Popular use by 19th century.
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of gnarl (Etymology 1)
gnarled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /nɑː(ɹ)ld/
Etymology: See gnarl (Etymology 2).
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of gnarl (Etymology 2)
émeute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: émeutes
form: emeute
Etymology: Borrowed from French.
Senses: examples: text: 1834: George Browning, The Domestic and Financial Condition of Great Britain
At court, all was uncertainty and gloom ; plots, intrigues, and conspiracies, were the ordinary topics of popular discussion ; and the outburst of some diabolical emeute to subvert the throne, was awaited with anxious apprehension.
text: 1841: Frederic Tolfrey, The Sportsman in France
Certain rumours of an emeute in Paris had reached the quiet little village of Arques towards the end of July, and on the 28th of the month the report was confirmed by the outbreak of the Revolution.
text: For when threatened with emeutes,
Tarantara! Tarantara!
And your heart is in your boots,
Tarantara!
There is nothing brings it round,
Like the trumpet's martial sound,
Tarantara! Tarantara! Tarantara!
ref: 1879, W[illiam] S[chwenck] Gilbert, Arthur Sullivan, composer, The Pirates of Penzance […], Philadelphia: J.M. Stoddart & Co., published 1880, →OCLC:
glosses: A seditious tumult; an outbreak.
pompier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pompiers
Etymology: Borrowed from French pompier.
Senses: glosses: A pompier hook
banlieue
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: banlieues
Etymology: Borrowed from French banlieue.
Senses: examples: text: […] her novel illuminates the general situation facing all children of postcolonial immigrants across the West, from the banlieue of France to the Islamic neighborhoods of New York to the Hispanic ghettos of Los Angeles.
ref: 2007 February 11, Uzodinma Iweala, “Colonial Castoff”, in New York Times:
text: But Guy Desplanques, a demographer, pointed out in 2002 that names like Ahmed and Jamila actually were on the wane, and that second-generation French men and women work toward integration by coming up with variations like Yanis or Rayan; the latter has become popular in some banlieues, evoking both the Maghreb and the relatively widespread Ryan.
ref: 2007 November 4, Elisabeth Vincentelli, “You Are What Your Name Says You Are”, in New York Times:
glosses: The outskirts of a city, especially in France, inhabited chiefly by poor people living in tenement-style housing.
aji
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɑˈhi/
Forms: form: ajis
form: ajies
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish ají.
Senses: examples: text: In Peru the consumption of aji is greater than that of salt[…]
ref: 1847, Johann Jakob von Tschudi, Travels in Peru:
glosses: A spicy Peruvian sauce, often containing tomatoes, cilantro, hot peppers, and onions.
examples: text: Add the onion, the garlic, the red pepper, the ajies, the pepper, cumin and salt.
ref: 1997, Antonio Montaña, Gloria Mercedes Duque, The Taste of Colombia, page 47:
topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
glosses: A chili pepper, in the context of South American cuisine.
aji
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɑˈhi/
enpr: ăʹ-jē
enpr: äʹ-jē
ipa: /ˈæ.d͡ʒiː/
ipa: /ˈɑː.d͡ʒiː/
ipa: /ɑˈhi/
Forms: form: ajis
form: ajies
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 鯵 (aji).
Senses: examples: text: Although aji are found in temperate waters around the world, if you have the fish in a sushi-ya here, it almost certainly was caught and frozen in Japan.
ref: 2010, Dave Lowry, The Connoisseur's Guide to Sushi, ReadHowYouWant.com, →ISBN, page 77:
glosses: A horse mackerel, especially the Japanese horse mackerel, Trachurus japonicus
Derived terms: ajing
aji
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɑˈhi/
enpr: ăʹ-jē
enpr: äʹ-jē
ipa: /ˈæ.d͡ʒiː/
ipa: /ˈɑː.d͡ʒiː/
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 味 (aji, “flavour”).
Senses: qualifier: go
glosses: The ‘flavour’ of a position, i.e. the extent to which it has lingering possibilities such as bad aji which may not be exploitable when they first arise yet still influence further play; good aji generally means there are few weaknesses.
qualifier: go
glosses: Bad aji.
Derived terms: bad aji
good aji
aza
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: "However, aza N-atoms (~N=) have to be counted, if they replace methine groups in the chain."
ref: 2003, Heinrich Zollinger, Color Chemistry, →ISBN, page 73:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A nitrogen atom substituted for a carbon atom within a ring.
Derived terms: aziridine
diaza
tetraaza
triaza
g11n
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Numeronym representing globalization as "g" followed by 11 more letters, followed by "n".
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
glosses: Abbreviation of globalization.
Related terms: a11y
i18n
L10n
p13n
p13n
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Numeronym representing personalization as "p" followed by 13 more letters, followed by "n".
Senses: topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
glosses: Abbreviation of personalization.
Related terms: a11y
g11n
i18n
L10n
k8s
despedida
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d̪ɛs.pɛˈd̪i.d̪ɐ/
Forms: form: despedidas
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish despedida.
Senses: synonyms: despedida party
glosses: a farewell party
Derived terms: despedida party
barrio
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: barrios
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish barrio, from Arabic بَرِّيّ (barriyy, “wild”).
Senses: glosses: A municipality or subdivision of a municipality in Spanish America, and in Spain itself.
glosses: A slum on the periphery of a major city, or a low to middle-class neighborhood in a lesser city, in Venezuela or the Dominican Republic.
examples: text: In the barrio, they talked excitedly about the wood-gatherer's discovery. There was so much pushing and quibbling over details that by the time the barrio had organized itself to set out for Salug to investigate, dusk had already fallen.
ref: 2008, Resil B. Mojares, “Beast in the Fields”, in Gémino H. Abad, editor, Upon Our Own Ground: Filipino short stories in English: 1956 to 1972, page 413:
glosses: A rural barangay or neighborhood.
examples: text: After World War II, its prospering working-class white residents moved to other, more upscale suburban developments, and by the 1950s the area had become an isolated ethnic enclave with its own barrio gang.
ref: 1993, Diego Vigil, “The Established Gang”, in Scott Cummings, Daniel J. Monti, editors, Gangs: The Origins and Impact of Contemporary Youth Gangs in the United States, page 98:
text: Mr. Jones and me, stumbling through the barrio
ref: 1993, “Mr. Jones”, performed by Counting Crows:
glosses: An area or neighborhood in a US city inhabited predominantly by Spanish-speakers or people of Hispanic origin.
Derived terms: barriotic
subbarrio
Cdn
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: Cdn.
form: CDN
Senses: examples: text: These megafirms are ranked by size; all had 1986 sales in excess of $1 billion (Cdn.) and derive at least 25 percent of their sales from foreign markets.
ref: 1991, Fredric C. Menz, Sarah A. Stevens, Economic Opportunities in Freer U.S. Trade With Canada, page 58:
glosses: Abbreviation of Canadian.
Cdn.
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of Cdn.
partido
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: partidos
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish partido.
Senses: glosses: A subdivision of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
tutrix
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tutrixes
form: tutrices
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin tūtrīx. By surface analysis, tutor + -trix.
Senses: glosses: A female tutor (teacher).
topics: law
glosses: A female tutor (person other than a parent having charge of a child or other person requiring protection).
Synonyms: tutoress
alfalfa
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ælˈfælfə/
Forms: form: alfalfas
Etymology: PIE word
 *h₁éḱwos
Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁eḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos
Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćwas
Proto-Iranian *Hácwah
Proto-Iranian *Hástiš
Proto-Iranian *HacwaHastiš
Old Median *aspāstišder.
Arabic فَصْفَص (faṣfaṣ)bor.
Old Spanish alfalfez
Spanish alfalfabor.
English alfalfa
From Spanish alfalfa, from Old Spanish alfalfez, from Arabic الْفَصْفَصَة (al-faṣfaṣa, “alfalfa, lucerne”).
Senses: examples: text: “No place for rabbits now, but I could easy build a few hutches and you could feed alfalfa to the rabbits.”
ref: 1937, John Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men, New York: Covici Friede, page 100:
synonyms: word: lucerne
glosses: A plant, principally of Medicago sativa, grown as a pasture crop.
glosses: A type or breed of this plant.
Derived terms: Alfalfa
alfalfa butterfly
alfalfa caterpillar
Alfalfa County
alfalfa weevil
gainsayer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: gainsayers
Etymology: From Middle English aȝenseyere, equivalent to gainsay + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who contradicts or denies what is alleged; an opposer.
examples: text: First, The writer, positively asserts, "That Wood's halfpence were current among us for several months with the universal approbation of all people, without one single gainsayer".
ref: 1724, “Letter IV: A Letter to the Whole People of Ireland”, in The Drapier's Letters, Jonathan Swift:
text: This urge to ensure the continued viability of UK science is balanced by warnings that such a system brings closer the day when computers will take over the running of the world and discard humanity. One such gainsayer is Bill Joy, inventor of the web language Java and chief scientist at computer giant Sun Microsystems.
ref: 2000, Robin McKie, "'Super Brain' to eclipse the Net adds to power of machines," The Observer at guardian.co.uk, 21 May (retrieved 8 Sep. 2008)
glosses: A person who gainsays others; a disagreeable person.
Synonyms: withsayer
imagen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: imagens
Etymology: Coined by Allan Paivio, from image + -gen.
Senses: glosses: A unit of imagery, analogous to a logogen, but applicable to non-verbal systems.
wikipedia: Allan Paivio
chaise
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃeɪz/
rhymes: -eɪz
Forms: form: chaises
form: shay
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French chaise. Doublet of cathedra and chair.
Senses: examples: text: “But why is it necessary, said Edmund, that Crawford’s carriage, or his only should be employed? Why is no use to be made of my mother’s chaise? I could not, when the scheme was first mentioned the other day, understand why a visit from the family were not to be made in the carriage of the family.”
ref: 1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter VIII, in Mansfield Park: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, pages 159–160:
text: The next morning after breakfast, Joe put Merrylegs into the mistress's low chaise to take him to the vicarage; he came first and said good bye to us, and Merrylegs neighed to us from the yard.
ref: [1877], Anna Sewell, “Earlshall”, in Black Beauty: […], London: Jarrold and Sons, […], →OCLC, part II, page 101:
glosses: An open, horse-drawn carriage for one or two people, usually with one horse and two wheels.
examples: text: “Now, do me a favor. Could I borrow a beach chaise?” “Beach chaise?” “I promise it's for the float. Something that one might sit out in the sun on.” “What the fuck is a beach chaise? Is that French?” “They're lawn chairs, Seanie.” “Yeah, we got lawn chairs.” “Thank you very much, very kind.”
ref: 2023 July 20, Jake Bender & Zach Dunn, “Pride Parade” (17:25 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 5, episode 3, spoken by Laszlo Cravensworth (Matt Berry):
glosses: A chaise longue.
examples: text: It pulled up with a mighty plunging of horses at the overturned chaise.
ref: 1936, Norman Lindsay, The Flyaway Highway, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 20:
glosses: A post chaise.
Derived terms: chaise and four
chaisemaker
hack chaise
post chaise
Related terms: chaise longue
atari
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /əˈtɑːˌɹi/
Forms: form: atari
form: ataris
form: ataries
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese 当たり.
Senses: examples: text: In situations like this, beginners often make the mistake of giving an atari, which strengthens only the opponent.
ref: 1990 May 25, Jonathan Buss, “Watanabe vs Buss, moves 15-17”, in rec.games.go (Usenet):
text: ... White responds with an atari of her own ...
ref: 2003, Peter Shotwell, Go! More Than a Game:
text: The important thing to note is that playing the simple atari first fails ...
ref: 2004, John Fairbairn, Invitation to Go:
qualifier: go
glosses: A move that threatens the immediate capture of one or more stones.
chaise lounge
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʃeɪz ˈlaʊndʒ/
rhymes: -aʊndʒ
Forms: form: chaise lounges
Etymology: American alteration of French chaise longue (literally “long chair”), due to a conflation with English lounge (the term, of uncertain etymology, is possibly a distant cognate of French long); attested from 19th century.
Senses: examples: text: Old Tinker, in evening dress, sat uncomfortably, sideways, upon the edge of a wicker and brocade “chaise lounge,” finishing a tiny glass of chartreuse, while Talbot Potter, in the middle of the room, took leave of a second guest who had been dining with him.
ref: 1921, Booth Tarkington, Harlequin and Columbine:
glosses: Synonym of chaise longue.
synonyms: word: chaise longue
VTID
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: VTIDs
Senses: topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Initialism of vernier time-interval digitizer.
Related terms: TDC
TID
achira
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From Quechua achira.
Senses: glosses: A canna lily (Canna indica, syn. Canna edulis), similar to arrowroot, the seeds of which yield a purple dye.
examples: text: In much of this area achira is a market vegetable, but only in Peru and southern Ecuador is it a substantial crop.
ref: 1989, Lost Crops of the Incas, page 27:
glosses: The edible rhizome of this plant.
tormenta
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tormentum
post chaise
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈpəʊstʃeɪz/
Forms: form: post chaises
form: post-chaise
Senses: examples: text: She had lately remitted the trespass of a stage-coachman, who had overturned her post-chaise into a ditch;
ref: 1749, Henry Fielding, chapter IX, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VI:
glosses: An enclosed horse-drawn carriage with four wheels, used to transport mail and passengers.
cot-caught merger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: note: without the merger
enpr: ʹkŏt kôt mûrjər
ipa: /ˈkɑt kɔt ˌmɝd͡ʒɚ/
note: without the merger
ipa: /ˈkɑt kɑt ˌmɝd͡ʒɚ/
ipa: /ˈkɒt kɔːt ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
ipa: [ˈkɔt koːt ˌməːd͡ʒə]
ipa: /ˈkɔt kɔt ˌmɛɾdʒəɾ/
ipa: /ˈkɔt koːt ˌmɜːd͡ʒə/
ipa: /ˈkɔt koːt ˌmøːd͡ʒɘ/
Forms: form: cot-caught mergers
Senses: examples: text: One was /au/-monophthongisation, described earlier in Chapter 2, while the second was the so-called low-back merger (LBM), also referred to as the cot–caught merger because words in these two classes are pronounced the same and speakers cannot hear any small differences in their pronunciation, even when they are present.
ref: 2011, Scott F Kiesling, Linguistic Variation and Change, page 81:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
synonyms: low back merger
glosses: A phonemic merger in some varieties of English (especially American, Canadian and Scottish English) in which the vowels in words such as hot and doll (/ɒ/) and in words such as law and talk (/ɔː/) are pronounced identically, making the words cot and caught homophones.
Related terms: father-bother merger
low back merger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: low back mergers
Senses: examples: text: The low back merger is one possible outcome of a series of triggering events outlined in Chapter 5, but it is itself the triggering event for a variety of further consequences for the English vowel system.
ref: 1994, William Labov, Principles of Linguistic Change, volume 3:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
glosses: The cot-caught merger.
phonemic merger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phonemic mergers
Senses: examples: text: The first sign of a phonemic merger is that two signs, which hitherto have been kept carefully apart, become used wrongly, e.g. das is written for MHG dar, and aller for MHG alles (Schulze 1967: 38f.).
ref: 2012, Gerhard Augst, New Trends in Graphemics and Orthography, page 171:
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
glosses: The phenomenon in which two different phonemes merge and become replaced by a single phoneme.
Synonyms: merger
phonemic split
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phonemic splits
Senses: topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
sciences
glosses: The phenomenon in which a single phoneme diverges into two different phonemes.
guerrillero
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ɡɛɹɪˈjɛəɹəʊ/
/ɡɛɹɪˈljɛəɹəʊ/
Forms: form: guerrilleros
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish guerrillero.
Senses: synonyms: guerrilla
partisan
coordinate_terms: guerrillera
glosses: A guerrilla fighter.
abura
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈbjʊ.ɹə/
ipa: /əˈbjʊ.ɹə/
ipa: /əˈbʊ.ɹə/
Forms: form: aburas
Etymology: Borrowed from Yoruba abùrà.
Senses: glosses: Any tree of species of genus Mitragyna, from the family Rubiaceae:
A medium-sized tropical African tree, Mitragyna stipulosa (syn. M. macrophylla, nom. illeg.).
glosses: Any tree of species of genus Mitragyna, from the family Rubiaceae:
A large-sized tropical African tree, Mitragyna ledermannii (syn. Mitragyna ciliata)
glosses: The soft pale wood from the abura tree.
extended
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛkˈstɛndɪd/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /ɛkˈstɛndəd/
rhymes: -ɛndɪd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of extend
extended
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɛkˈstɛndɪd/
note: weak vowel merger
ipa: /ɛkˈstɛndəd/
rhymes: -ɛndɪd
Forms: form: more extended
form: most extended
Senses: glosses: Longer in length or extension; elongated.
glosses: Stretched out or pulled out; expanded.
examples: text: After 46 years of service, Hunterston B nuclear power plant in North Ayrshire closed on January 7. The facility had been life-extended on several occasions, before the decision to close came after cracks were found in the core.
ref: 2022 January 26, “News in pictures: Last trains to Scottish nuclear power plant”, in RAIL, number 949, page 30:
glosses: Lasting longer; protracted.
glosses: Having a large scope or range; extensive.
topics: media
publishing
typography
glosses: Wider than usual.
raw_tags: of a typeface
Derived terms: extended amygdala
extended cab
extended definition
extended Euclidean algorithm
extended household
extended keyboard
extendedly
extendedness
extended-order drill
extended periodic table
extended playing time
extended problem-solving
extended reality
extended real number system
extended spider
hyperextended
inextended
nonextended
unextended
extended ASCII
extended basic block
extended family
extended Latin
extended memory
extended metaphor
extended order drill
extended phenotype
extended play
extended shinjitai
extended static checking
extended vocabulary
life-extended
spatially extended
municipio
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: municipios
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish municipio. Doublet of municipium.
Senses: glosses: A municipality in various Latin American countries.
amari
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of amaro
cohesion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəʊˈhiː.ʒən/
ipa: /koʊˈhiː.ʒən/
ipa: /kəʉˈhiː.ʒən/
ipa: [kəʉˈhɪi.ʒən]
rhymes: -iːʒən
Forms: form: cohesions
form: cohæsion
Etymology: Attested from the late 17th century, borrowed from French cohésion, from Latin cohaesiō, cohaesiōnem.
Senses: examples: text: Unit cohesion is important in the military.
text: For divers reasons, the capitalist class lacks this cohesion or solidarity, chief among which is the optimism bred of past success. And, again, the capitalist class is divided; it has within itself a class struggle of no mean proportions, which tends to irritate and harass it and to confuse the situation.
ref: 1905 April, Jack London, “(please specify the page)”, in War of the Classes, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
glosses: State of cohering, or of working together.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Growing together of normally distinct parts of a plant.
examples: text: In general, it is neither advisable nor possible to create such maximally cohesive classes; on the other hand, we would like cohesion to be high. When cohesion is high, it means that the methods and variables of the class are co-dependent and hang together as a logical whole.
ref: 2009, Robert C. Martin, chapter 10, in Clean Code, Prentice Hall, →ISBN, page 140:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
coordinate_terms: coupling
glosses: Degree to which functionally related elements in a system belong together.
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
coordinate_terms: coherence
glosses: Grammatical or lexical relationship between different parts of the same text.
Derived terms: cohesin
cohesional
cohesionless
decohesion
discohesion
dyscohesion
dyshesion
incohesion
noncohesion
sister chromatid cohesion
social cohesion
Related terms: coherence