cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
fallen angel
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fallen angels
Senses: topics: Christianity
Islam
lifestyle
religion
glosses: An angel who rebelled against God and was exiled from heaven.
glosses: A (usually attractive) person, usually a woman, who has become deprived of money, status or morals.
topics: business
finance
glosses: A bond that has declined in value due to credit deterioration to become a junk bond.
Derived terms: fallen angelic
mullion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmʌliən/
rhymes: -ʌliən
Forms: form: mullions
Etymology: Alteration of monial (“mullion”), or metathesis of Middle English moyniel, both ultimately from Old French moinel.
Senses: topics: architecture
hypernyms: glazing bar
muntin
coordinate_terms: transom
glosses: A vertical bar between the panes of glass or casements of a window or the panels of a screen.
Derived terms: mullioned
mullion
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmʌliən/
rhymes: -ʌliən
Forms: form: mullions
form: mullioning
form: mullioned
form: mullioned
Etymology: Alteration of monial (“mullion”), or metathesis of Middle English moyniel, both ultimately from Old French moinel.
Senses: glosses: To shape into divisions by means of mullions.
musketry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: musketries
form: musquetry
Etymology: From musket + -ry, after Italian moschetteria. Compare French mousqueterie.
Senses: glosses: The technique of using small arms such as muskets.
glosses: A collection of muskets or musketeers.
examples: text: A heavy trampling of steps—clashing as if of swords—several rounds of musketry—screams—shouts—rose in the direction of the court.
ref: 1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Romance and Reality. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, pages 251–252:
text: Nor was this less ominous than the rattle of musketry, for it suggested but a single solution to the little band of rescuers—that the illy garrisoned village had already succumbed to the onslaught of a superior force.
ref: 1913, Edgar Rice Burroughs, The Return of Tarzan, New York: Ballantine Books, published 1963, page 132:
glosses: Musket fire.
monkish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From monk + -ish.
Senses: examples: text: Among the most curious, original, and lively of the monkish Latin poems, are those least in harmony with their cold ascetic discipline.
ref: 1870, Henry Hart Milman, History of Latin Christianity, page 319:
glosses: Pertaining to, or resembling, a monk or monasticism.
glosses: Tending to self-denial; ascetic.
Derived terms: monkishly
monkishness
unmonkish
metonymic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɛt.əˈnɪm.ɪk/
Forms: form: more metonymic
form: most metonymic
Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετωνυμικός (metōnumikós, “of or like metonymy”), from μετωνυμία (metōnumía, “change of name”), from μετά (metá, “other”) + ὄνυμα (ónuma, “name”). By surface analysis, metonym + -ic.
Senses: examples: text: The British government is often referred to by the metonymic expression "Downing Street".
text: With a metonymic expression encountered in almost every sixth utterance, an uncontroversial need for dealing with this problem is demonstrated.
ref: 1999, Udo Hahn, Katja Markert, “On the Formal Distinction between Literal and Figurative Language”, in Progress in Artificial Intelligence: 9th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence, page 140:
text: We investigate this replacement for a proper aggregation hierarchy and argue that it comes from a misunderstanding of both the linguistic use of terminology at the point of clinical care and the logic arguments developed for its justification. In particular in SCT [SNOMED CT] the holonymic (or hypernym) role of an aggregating concept is used as a source of inheritance which is clearly incorrect. Our explanation for this SCT modelling strategy is that the role of such a holonym has undergone the process of metonymic substitution, which is substitution of the authentic word for one that serves as a metaphor for the original. The assignment of attributes and relations of the meronymic (sub-part) members of the holonym (super-part) to be one of the holonym itself can at best be called metonymic inheritance. Importantly, if it is allowed to operate at all, it must operate from the bottom up, that is the attributes move from the part to the whole, that is, in reverse to what we normally think of as the direction of inheritance, from the top down.
ref: 2006, Jon Patrick, “Metonymic and holonymic roles and emergent properties in the SNOMED CT ontology”, in AOW Proceedings, volume 72: Australasian Ontology Workshop: AOW '06: proceedings of the second Australasian workshop on advances in ontologies, 2006, pages 61–67:
text: In almost all cases, metonymic phrases focus on two questions: when and where? […] All of which is why, 13 years later, the phrase “9/11” is the only newly created phrase to remain in use since the attack. (Adios “Ground Zero” and “weapons of mass destruction.”) Linguistically, it’s a metonymic beast that shows no sign of discontinuation.
ref: 2015 January 16, Rick Paulas, “The Linguistics of Tragedy”, in Pacific Standard, archived from the original on 22 Apr 2025:
synonyms: metonymical
metonymous
glosses: Of, or relating to, a word or phrase that names an object from a single characteristic of it or of a closely related object.
Derived terms: metonymically
Related terms: metonymy
metonym
metonymic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌmɛt.əˈnɪm.ɪk/
Forms: form: metonymics
Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετωνυμικός (metōnumikós, “of or like metonymy”), from μετωνυμία (metōnumía, “change of name”), from μετά (metá, “other”) + ὄνυμα (ónuma, “name”). By surface analysis, metonym + -ic.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of metonym, an instance of metonymy.
synonyms: word: metonym
extra: an instance of metonymy
metonym
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛ.tə.nɪm/
homophone: metanym
Forms: form: metonyms
Etymology: Back-formation from metonymy.
Senses: examples: text: Calling a government a "city hall" is using a metonym.
text: ...to say that "New York was thrown into a state of great excitement," when we mean the inhabitants of New York, is technically to use the metonym of putting "the container for the thing contained."
ref: 1891 September 24, William Minto, “Practical talks on writing English”, in Theodor Flood, editor, The Chautauquan, volume 13, →OCLC, pages 279–280:
text: She not only outlines the devastating effects of seferberlik but also highlights the changing meaning of this term - as it acquired a civilian dimension in its Arabic rendition (safar barlik) - and its potency as a metonym for the war as a whole.
ref: 2014 November, Melanie Schulze Tanielian, “Feeding the city: The Beirut Municipality and the politics of food during World War I”, in International Journal of Middle East Studies, volume 46, number 4, →JSTOR, pages 737–758:
text: As you can tell, most tragedy-associated metonyms take on the location of the event as opposed to the time, possibly because our minds like to place horrific events in the past. We want to forget troubling events, so we reserve date metonyms for things like weddings, anniversaries, or celebratory events like the Fourth of July (celebratory, at least, if you’re on the right side of history). But there is one huge exception: “9/11.” […] Using a metonym like “New York City” or “Manhattan” rings hollow as to the geography. A date doesn’t have to deal with that issue.
ref: 2015 January 16, Rick Paulas, “The Linguistics of Tragedy”, in Pacific Standard, archived from the original on 22 Apr 2025:
topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A word that names an object from a single characteristic of it or of a closely related object; a word used in metonymy.
examples: text: See also: symbol, model, microcosm, archetype, exemplar, proxy
text: Chapter 1, using the railway as a metonym, explored the relationship between past and present, and argued that diachronic, or historical, time was dissolved in the proliferation of present moments, or synchronic time.
ref: 2011, Geraldine Lawless, Modernity's Metonyms: Figuring Time in Nineteenth-century Spanish Stories, Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, →ISBN, page 155:
glosses: A concept, idea, or word used to represent, typify, or stand in for a broader set of ideas.
Synonyms: synonym
Hyponyms: word: synecdoche
Derived terms: metonymic
metonymical
metonymically
metonymize
metonymous
metonymy
Related terms: word: demonym
word: mononym
word: meronym
topics: taxonomy
biology
natural-sciences
word: metanym
word: troponym
dyspareunia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪspəˈɹuːnɪə/
Etymology: From dys- + Ancient Greek πάρευνος (páreunos, “lying beside, lying with”) + -ia.
Senses: examples: text: deep dyspareunia
translation: pain on deep penetration
english: pain on deep penetration
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Painful or difficult sexual intercourse, especially in women.
Derived terms: deep dyspareunia
dyspareunic
Related terms: dyspareunist
anodyspareunia
take the biscuit
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: takes the biscuit
form: taking the biscuit
form: took the biscuit
form: taken the biscuit
Senses: examples: text: I've seen bad grammar, but this takes the biscuit.
glosses: To be particularly bad, objectionable, or egregious.
Synonyms: sense: to be particularly egregious
word: beat everything
word: that's the limit
word: take the cake
word: beat all
binn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: binns
Senses: examples: text: Mr. Tulkinghorn sits at one of the open windows, enjoying a bottle of old port. Though a hard-grained man, close, dry, and silent, he can enjoy old wine with the best. He has a priceless binn of port in some artful cellar under the Fields, which is one of his many secrets.
ref: 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:
glosses: Archaic spelling of bin (“storage container for wine, etc.”).
solitary confinement
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: solitary confinements
Senses: synonyms: ad-seg
glosses: Forced isolation in a small space and the denial of contact with other persons, usually as a form of punishment for a prison inmate.
kissing gourami
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kissing gouramis
form: kissing gouramies
Senses: glosses: A large tropical freshwater fish (Helostoma temminckii), commercial food fish which are farmed in their native Southeast Asia and are also popular with aquarists for the fish's peculiar "kissing" behaviour.
Synonyms: kisser
coupé
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kuːˈpeɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: coupés
form: coupe
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French coupé (an elliptical form of carosse coupé (“cut carriage”)), the past participle of couper (“to cut”).
Senses: glosses: A two-seater car, normally a sports car. (variant of coupe)
glosses: A car with a fixed-roof body style that is shorter than a sedan or saloon of the same model.
glosses: The front part of a French stagecoach.
glosses: A four-wheeled carriage with two seats inside, and a separate seat for the driver.
glosses: The front compartment of a railway carriage.
glosses: The strongest grade of Spanish saffron, akin to the Iranian sargol.
Coordinate terms: convertible
hardtop
soft top
Derived terms: coupé de ville
coupé utility
drophead coupé
fixed head coupé
coupé
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kuːˈpeɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: coupe
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French coupé (an elliptical form of carosse coupé (“cut carriage”)), the past participle of couper (“to cut”).
Senses: examples: text: [...] who was knighted : His Arms were Or, three Barrs Azure on a Canton Argent, a Lyon's Head coupé Gules;
ref: 1826, Sir Henry Chauncy, The Historical Antiquities of Hertforshire, page 314:
text: Grant of Arms and Crest from Hervy Clarenceux : Sablés, a chevron engrayled betwene three bezants, on a chief gold a rose gules between two flower de luces azure. Crest, a horsse head coupé golde pelletey betwene two winges barrey[…]
ref: 1863, John Gough Nichols, The Herald and Genealogist, page 82:
text: Fig. 34, Argent, a baton sinister, coupé, gules (the mark of illegitimate descent).
ref: 1898, Edward Singleton Holden, A Primer of Heraldry for Americans, page 117:
topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
glosses: Couped.
kicked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɪkt/
rhymes: -ɪkt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of kick
Derived terms: unkicked
kicked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɪkt/
rhymes: -ɪkt
Forms: form: more kicked
form: most kicked
Senses: topics: lifestyle
smoking
glosses: Empty with nothing left to smoke but ash.
raw_tags: of a pipe
Synonyms: caked
lambkin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlæmkɪn/
Forms: form: lambkins
Etymology: From lamb + -kin.
Senses: examples: text: A lambkin’s snowy fleece
ref: 1781, Richard Hole, Homer's Hymn to Ceres, Exeter: B. Thorn & Son, p. 38
text: There might ye ſee the pioney ſpread vvide, / The full-blovvn roſe, the ſhepherd and his laſs, / Lap-dog and lambkin vvith black ſtaring eyes, / And parrots vvith tvvin cherries in their beak.
ref: 1785, William Cowper, “Book I. The Sofa.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 3:
glosses: A young lamb, a very young sheep.
examples: text: Let vs condoll the knight: for lamkins vve vvill liue.
ref: 1599 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Cronicle History of Henry the Fift, […] (First Quarto), London: […] Thomas Creede, for Tho[mas] Millington, and Iohn Busby […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], signature B2, verso:
text: She has no real cognisance, dear lambkin, of anything at all.
ref: 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, page 28:
glosses: A term of endearment.
lambskin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lambskins
Etymology: From lamb + skin.
Senses: examples: Near-synonym: sheepskin
hypernyms: skin#Noun
hide
;
leather#Noun
coordinate_terms: kidskin#Noun
goatskin#Noun
glosses: The skin of a very young sheep, especially prepared with the fleece still attached. A very fine form of leather.
glosses: A kind of woollen cloth resembling this.
Tinkerbell
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Tinkerbells
Etymology: After a fairy in J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan (1902), in which the name is spelled Tinker Bell. She was described by Barrie as a fairy who mended pots and kettles, like an actual tinker, and her speech consists of the sounds of a tinkling bell.
Senses: examples: text: I characterize it as the "Tinkerbell Approach" to policy development: It might work if all the children would just believe hard enough and clap their hands
ref: 1988, Caroline Arden, Getting the Donkey Out of the Ditch: The Democratic Party in Search of Itself, page 104:
text: Sometimes I get the impression that the Tinkerbell theory is taking over: that the existence of God is dependent on our own existence and perceptions.
ref: 1994, Alice Thomas Ellis, Cat Among the Pigeons: A Catholic Miscellany, page 57:
text: The New.net venture underlined an important principle: ICANN's authority over the DNS root is fundamentally subject to the "Tinkerbell" principle.
ref: 2003, William Lehr, Lorenzo M. Pupillo, Cyber policy and economics in an internet age, page 92:
glosses: Anything whose existence or power depends on the faith of believers.
examples: text: When he confronted his boss he screamed at him about being gay and fired him saying he didn't want "Tinkerbells" working for him.
ref: 1986, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Intergovernmental Relations and Human Resources Subcommittee, Federal and Local Governments' Response to the AIDS Epidemic, page 287:
glosses: A homosexual or effeminate man.
Derived terms: Tinkerbell line
laxity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlaksɪti/
Forms: form: laxities
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French laxité, itself borrowed from Latin laxitas, laxitatem, from laxus. By surface analysis, lax + -ity.
Senses: synonyms: laxness
glosses: The state of being lax; looseness, lack of tension.
examples: text: In these days of laxity, and anythingism in religion, even those of whom we might hope better things do not appear exercised, with the apostle Paul, to have always a conscience void of offence towards God and towards men.
ref: 1880, The Gospel standard, or Feeble Christian's support:
text: It is no accident that capital punishment is reentering our society on the wave of the conservative reaction to the permissiveness and laxity of the past two decades.
ref: 1981 April 5, Theodore Solotaroff, “REVIVING THE ANCIENT ART OF EXECUTION”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 22 Sep 2025:
glosses: Moral looseness; lack of rigorousness or strictness.
Derived terms: hyperlaxity
patholaxity
laxities
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of laxity
legroom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈlɛɡɹuːm/
/ˈlɛɡɹʊm/
Forms: form: leg room
Etymology: From leg + room.
Senses: examples: text: The lack of legroom on international flights can be a health hazard as blood clots can form from not being able to move around.
text: Highlighted benefits include high quality seating, more legroom, more luggage space and a fixed buffet with kitchen providing a range of catering.
ref: 2019 October, “South Wales open access bid”, in Modern Railways, page 15:
hypernyms: room#Noun
space#Noun
volume#Noun
coordinate_terms: footroom
;
elbow room
headroom
;
breathing room
;
yardroom
glosses: Space to stretch the legs while seated.
examples: text: These guidelines provided some more legroom to the pro-religious groups without seriously offending liberals' concerns.
ref: 2003, Amitai Etzioni, My Brother's Keeper: A Memoir and a Message:
hypernyms: room#Noun
space#Noun
coordinate_terms: breathing room
elbow room
glosses: Freedom to move or grow.
lengthwise
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From length + -wise.
Senses: examples: text: A lengthwise cut is difficult to saw with hand tools.
glosses: In the long direction of an oblong object.
lengthwise
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From length + -wise.
Senses: examples: text: Cutting a string bean lengthwise is hard because they are so narrow.
glosses: In the long direction of an oblong object.
Derived terms: one-half lengthwise
Related terms: depthwise
heightwise
widthwise
lenitive
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more lenitive
form: most lenitive
Etymology: From Late Latin lenitivus, from Latin lenitus.
Senses: glosses: Analgesic, able to reduce pain or suffering.
glosses: Laxative; easing the bowels.
glosses: Mild; gentle.
raw_tags: of a person
Derived terms: lenitively
lenitiveness
lenitive
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lenitives
Etymology: From Late Latin lenitivus, from Latin lenitus.
Senses: examples: text: It is now full time to free him from all these necessities, and to apply cordials and lenitives, after those severities which have already had their full course against him.
ref: 1688, David Hume, The History of England in Three Volumes, Vol. I, Part E:
text: Upon the whole, as the author seems to share all the common miseries of life, he appears to partake likewise of its lenitives and abatements.
ref: 1825, Samuel Johnson, The Works of Samuel Johnson in Nine Volumes:
text: Their pain soft arts of pharmacy can ease, Thy breast alone no lenitives appease.
ref: 1899, Alexander Pope, The Iliad of Homer:
glosses: An analgesic or other source of relief from pain
glosses: A laxative.
lengthways
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From length + -ways.
Senses: glosses: lengthwise
lengthways
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From length + -ways.
Senses: glosses: lengthwise
light-fingered
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: lītʹfĭng'gərd
Forms: form: lighter-fingered
form: more light-fingered
form: lightest-fingered
form: most light-fingered
form: lightfingered
Etymology: From light (“not heavy”, adjective) + fingered (“having fingers”, adjective).
Senses: glosses: Having quick, light and nimble fingers.
examples: text: There is a great quantity of eating and drinking, making love and jilting, laughing and the contrary, smoking, cheating, fighting, dancing and fiddling; […] yokels looking up at the tinselled dancers and poor old rouged tumblers, while the light-fingered folk are operating upon their pockets behind.
ref: 1848 June 28, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Before the Curtain”, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], →OCLC, page vii:
glosses: Having nimble fingers, especially for stealing or picking pockets (pickpocketing), given to thievery or shoplifting.
Synonyms: word: furacious
word: light-fingered
word: sticky-fingered
word: theftuous
word: thievish
Hypernyms: word: criminal
word: evil
word: immoral
word: predatory
Hyponyms: word: kleptomaniacal
word: piratical
Derived terms: word: light-fingeredness
Related terms: word: furtive
word: steal
word: theft
word: thief
light-fingered
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: lītʹfĭng'gərd
Forms: form: lightfingered
Etymology: From light (“not heavy”, adjective) + fingered (“having fingers”, adjective).
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of light-finger
Related terms: sticky-fingered
shoplifting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shopliftings
Etymology: By surface analysis, shoplift + -ing. The noun sense (from 1690) predates the verb.
Senses: examples: text: […]William Grove for robbing his Master of twenty-sive Guineas ; and Catharine Knox for Shoplifting.
ref: 1724, The Chronological Diary For the Year 1724, page 45:
text: 1757 December 22, The London Chronicle, Volume II: June 30 - December 31, page 594,
Yesterday Afternoon a Woman well dreſs'd, was detected at Mr. Flint′s, a Haberdasher on London-Bridge, in Shoplifting, and on examining her, there were found on her ſome Goods belonging to Mr. Kennet, a Haberdasher at the ſame Place.
text: Shoplifting is one of the most prevalent crimes and it costs retailers millions of dollars each year.
ref: 2006, Gennaro F. Vito, Jeffrey R. Maahs, Ronald M. Holmes, Criminology: Theory, Research, And Policy, page 337:
text: On my first day on the watch after leaving the shoplifting squad I paraded on earlies but had completely forgotten to take my ear ring off.
ref: 2007, Paul W. Browning, The Good Guys Wear Blue, page 193:
synonyms: retail theft
glosses: The action of stealing goods from a shop, store or other place of business.
examples: text: In high school, he bleached his hair and began a series of shopliftings and bicycle thefts.
ref: 2000, Elmer H Johnson, Carol Johnson, Linking Community and Corrections in Japan, page 180:
text: And we hardly even consider the countless robberies, shopliftings, burglaries, carjackings, kidnappings, stalkings, intimidations and harassments.
ref: 2004, “An American”, in Arlington′s Blood, iUniverse, page 82:
text: When we described the 80-20 rule, we mentioned that 5% of the stores in Danvers, Massachusetts, accounted for 50% of the reported shopliftings.
ref: 2012, Lawrence Fennelly, Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention, 5th edition, page 171:
synonyms: shoplift
glosses: A theft from a shop during trading hours.
Derived terms: kamikaze shoplifting
shoplifting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Etymology: By surface analysis, shoplift + -ing. The noun sense (from 1690) predates the verb.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of shoplift
light-minded
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: lītʹmīn'd(ĭ)d
Forms: form: more light-minded
form: most light-minded
form: lightminded
Etymology: From light (“lacking mental gravity”, adjective) + minded (“having a mind or inclination”, adjective).
Senses: glosses: Not given to heavy thoughts or thinking, frivolous, not serious.
Synonyms: capricious
unsteady
volatile
Derived terms: word: light-mindedly
word: light-mindedness
recreationally
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more recreationally
form: most recreationally
Etymology: From recreational + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Baseline plasma nitrate levels were similar to those of young recreationally active individuals[6, 34 ] and, whilst we were concerned that possible age related changes in digestion, enterosalivary circulation and oral commensal bacteria might impair nitrate delivery, the plasma nitrate levels achieved exceeded even those achieved by administration of a higher dose of nitrate in healthy young individuals[6 ].
ref: 2015 December 24, “Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance in COPD: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomised Controlled Pilot Study”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
glosses: In a recreational manner, for recreation, for fun or entertainment.
recreational
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From recreation + -al.
Senses: examples: text: This is perhaps what we call recreational reading and we may be doing something useful in supplying it, if not anything strictly educational or even librarious.
ref: 1921, Pacific Northwest Library Association, Proceedings:
text: The drone crashed into a tributary of the Nanticoke River, a U.S. Coast Guard official said. The crash site has been blocked to recreational boat traffic while the agency investigates, the Coast Guard official said.
ref: 2012 June 11, Chris Lawrence, “Navy drone crashes in Maryland”, in CNN, archived from the original on 02 Nov 2022:
glosses: For, or relating to, recreation.
Synonyms: rec
recreative
Derived terms: recreational diving
recreational drug
recreationally
recreational mathematics
recreational medicine
recreational pharmaceutical
recreational vehicle
lilting
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɪltɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪltɪŋ
Senses: glosses: Having a lilt; with energy, spirit and sprightliness; lively and cheerful.
Derived terms: liltingly
lilting
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɪltɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪltɪŋ
Forms: form: liltings
Senses: examples: Anthology of Music and Dance of the Americas, The JVC/Smithsonian Folkways, Vol 1, Canada and the United States: Secular Traditions.
Especially welcome in this survey are two examples of turlute, or lilting. In communities where musical instruments were not available, turlute was a common dance accompaniment. The popularity and availability of musical instruments has made lilting a rare art.
glosses: A type of lively singing without any musical accompaniment, where the tune itself is sung, often to nonsense syllables.
Derived terms: liltingness
Related terms: turlute
lilting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɪltɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɪltɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of lilt
longingly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒŋɪŋli/
Forms: form: more longingly
form: most longingly
Etymology: From longing + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: As she stepped nearer and peered longingly out, she saw something else: she saw, only a little way below the window, the wide, flat tin roof of Miss Polly's sun parlor built over the porte-cochère. The sight filled her with longing. If only, now, she were out there!
ref: 1913, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter 7, in Pollyanna, L.C. Page, →OCLC:
text: So Sebastian fetched in a closed basket, set it down before her, and went out again quickly. 'you had better finish your lessions before opening it,' remarked Miss Rottenmeier firmly, though Clara looked longingly at it.
ref: 1956 [1880], Johanna Spyri, Heidi, translation of original by Eileen Hall, page 85:
glosses: In a longing manner, with desire, yearningly.
yearningly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjɜːnɪŋli/
enpr: yûrnʹing-lē
ipa: /ˈjɝnɪŋli/
Forms: form: more yearningly
form: most yearningly
Etymology: From yearning + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: He was silent a few moments, not looking at her; while her eyes were turned toward him yearningly, in alarm at this sudden change.
ref: 1860, George Eliot, The Mill on the Floss, Book 6, Chapter 14:
text: Yet what was it she had in mind, what did she wish to make of him beyond what she had already made, a patient, punctilious host, mindful that she had originally arrived much as a stranger, arrived not at all deliberately or yearningly invited?—so that one positively had her possible susceptibilities the MORE on one’s conscience.
ref: 1904, Henry James, The Golden Bowl, Part 2, Chapter 7:
text: The old maple stump shot sickly pink switches from her roots, new switches every year. They crept yearningly toward the little square of window.
ref: 1944, Emily Carr, “Life Loves Living”, in The House of All Sorts:
glosses: With yearning; with desire; longingly.
longitudinally
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌlɒŋ.ɡɪˈtjuːd.ɪ.n(ə).li/
ipa: /ˌlɒŋ.d͡ʒɪˈtjuːd.ɪ.n(ə).li/
ipa: /ˌlɑn.d͡ʒəˈtuːd.ə.nə.li/
ipa: /lɔŋ.ɡəˈt͡ʃʉːd.ə.nə.li/
Forms: form: more longitudinally
form: most longitudinally
Etymology: From longitudinal + -ly.
Senses: glosses: Along lines of longitude, in the direction from pole to pole, meridianally.
topics: human-sciences
sciences
social-science
social-sciences
glosses: By sampling data over time rather than merely once.
examples: text: Since then we have had the opportunity to travel in them and were much impressed by the internal styling and comfort of the seating (with the minor exception of the single seats which have been tucked in longitudinally alongside some of the entrance vestibules and which are so cramped that only the slimmest of female figures could be comfortable in them; the space they occupy would have been better utilised to increase standing room).
ref: 1960 December, “The Glasgow Suburban Electrification is opened”, in Trains Illustrated, page 715:
glosses: Lengthwise (rather than crosswise).
meridianally
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From meridianal + -ly.
Senses: glosses: Along the lines of meridian, longitudinally.
lonesomely
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more lonesomely
form: most lonesomely
Etymology: From lonesome + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a lonesome manner, in a way missing companionship.
lonesomeness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lonesomenesses
Etymology: From lonesome + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: Wake up, by-and-by, and look to see what done it, and maybe see a steamboat, coughing along up stream, so far off towards the other side you couldn't tell nothing about her only whether she was stern-wheel or side-wheel; then for about an hour there wouldn't be nothing to hear nor nothing to see—just solid lonesomeness.
ref: 1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XIX, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC, pages 169–170:
synonyms: word: ellingness
word: monopathy
word: ellingness
word: forlornness
word: lonelihood
word: loneliness
word: lonesomeness
word: monopathy
glosses: The state of being lonesome.
longboat
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: longboats
Etymology: From long + boat.
Senses: examples: text: But our Patron, warn’d by this Disaster, resolved to take more Care of himself for the future; and having lying by him the Long-Boat of our English Ship that he had taken, he resolved he would not go a fishing any more without a Compass and some Provision […]
ref: 1719 May 6 (Gregorian calendar), [Daniel Defoe], The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, […], London: […] W[illiam] Taylor […], →OCLC:
text: We cast Anchor within a League of this Creek, and our Captain sent a dozen of his Men well armed in the Long Boat, with Vessels for Water, if any could be found.
ref: 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “A Great Storm Described, the Long-Boat Sent to Fetch Water, the Author Goes with It to Discover the Country. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part II (A Voyage to Brobdingnag), pages 153–154:
text: So far we had had reason to rejoice in the escape of our longboat, which had received no damage from any of the huge seas which had come on board.
ref: 1838, [Edgar Allan Poe], chapter VIII, in The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 83:
text: The longboat, with seven of the crew, was picked up eighteen days after by H. M. gunboat Myrtle, and the story of their terrible privations has become quite as well known as the far more horrible Medusa case.
ref: 1896, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, chapter I, in The Island of Doctor Moreau (Heinemann’s Colonial Library of Popular Fiction; 52), London: William Heinemann, →OCLC; republished as The Island of Doctor Moreau: A Possibility, New York, N.Y.: Stone & Kimball, 1896, →OCLC:
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The largest and thus the most capable of boats carried on a ship.
Derived terms: longboater
longboatman
Related terms: longship
narrow boat
legginess
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From leggy + -ness.
Senses: glosses: The state of having long legs.
leisured
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more leisured
form: most leisured
Etymology: From leisure + -ed.
Senses: examples: text: The iron and coal valleys of the Vermissa district were no resorts for the leisured or the cultured. Everywhere there were stern signs of the crudest battle of life, the rude work to be done, and the rude, strong workers who did it.
ref: 1914 September – 1915 May, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Man”, in The Valley of Fear: A Sherlock Holmes Novel, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, published 27 February 1915, →OCLC, part II (The Scowrers), page 164:
text: The very world for which they were designed is no longer imaginable. Rich, stable, be-leisured, and secure, it was shattered by the first world war.
ref: 1952 January, Henry Maxwell, “Farewell to the "T14s"”, in Railway Magazine, page 56:
text: They had become a superior, leisured caste.
ref: 1961, V. S. Naipaul, A House for Mr Biswas, Vintage International, published 2001, Part Two, Chapter 4:
text: It is a frightful myth that the love of beauty is only to be found in leisured, educated people.
ref: 2014 March 28, Robin Lane Fox, “The rich heritage of British working-class gardens”, in Financial Times:
text: The leisured class may produce great advances in the arts, or it may fritter away its time.
glosses: Having leisure time, especially as a result of not having to work for a living.
examples: text: 1893, John Davidson, “St Valentine’s Eve” in Fleet Street Eclogues, London: Elkin Mathews & John Lane, p. 20,
And brooding thus on my ephemeral flowers
That smoulder in the wilderness, I thought,
By envy sore distraught,
Of amaranths that burn in lordly bowers,
Of men divinely blessed with leisured hours,
text: "All right," said Basil, rising also and seating himself in a leisured way in an armchair. "Don't hurry for us," he said, glancing round at the litter of the room, "we have all the illustrated papers."
ref: 1904 July 9 and 16, Gilbert K[eith] Chesterton, “The Eccentric Seclusion of the Old Lady”, in The Club of Queer Trades, New York, N.Y.; London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, published April 1905, →OCLC, page 249:
text: Bradly tapped the ashes from his pipe, signifying a leisured interlude over. "Time to get a move on," he said, and began to unlace his boots for wading.
ref: 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 139:
text: Everything that Brinnin writes about is defunct. The big liners were killed, of course, by the jet plane, a device that condensed the leisured misery of a five-day crossing into seven hours of concentrated nullity or wretchedness.
ref: 1972 January 3, “Leviathans”, in Time, archived from the original on 08 Aug 2013:
text: While his career spanned a time when quintessential New York street photography was defined as swift, sharp and precise, Leiter’s leisured, impressionist style went against the grain.
ref: 2016 January 26, Brennavan Sritharan, “Ordinary Beauty: Revisiting Saul Leiter’s pioneering images”, in British Journal of Photography:
glosses: Leisurely, filled with leisure.
Derived terms: overleisured
unleisured
lettering
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛ.tə.ɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛtəɹɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of letter
lettering
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛ.tə.ɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛtəɹɪŋ
Forms: form: letterings
Senses: examples: text: The lettering on the sign made it clear that intruders were unwelcome.
glosses: Written text, especially when printed.
examples: text: The lettering on the sign was very tidy.
glosses: Designed text.
ring off the hook
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: rings off the hook
form: ringing off the hook
form: rang off the hook
form: rung off the hook
Senses: examples: text: I placed the advertisement yesterday, and the phone has been ringing off the hook ever since.
glosses: Of a telephone, to ring constantly or excessively.
deregulation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: deregulations
Etymology: From de- + regulation.
Senses: examples: text: Some say the airline industry has been profitable since the government began deregulation of it.
glosses: The process of removing constraints, especially government-imposed economic regulation.
Derived terms: deregulationist
farm out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: farms out
form: farming out
form: farmed out
form: farmed out
Etymology: From farm + out.
Senses: examples: text: Near-synonym: sub out
text: These companies are simply paper companies . . . they farm out the contracts to the real builders.
ref: 1911, Upton Sinclair, The Machine, act II:
text: The summer of 1976 founnd Jacqui at the Pied Piper in Provincetown doing disco seven nights a week. Come fall, Jacqui farmed out her talents to four separate gay bars — three in Boston and one in Tyngsboro, Mass.
ref: 1977 December 31, Lisa Nussbaum, “Jacqui Mac: Bringing Her Dreams Together”, in Gay Community News, volume 4, number 26, page 10:
text: The U.S. military had hoped to farm out the Bagram detainees to prisons run by Afghanistan and other nations.
ref: 2009 January 5, Mark Thompson, “Another Gitmo Grows in Afghanistan”, in Time:
topics: business
glosses: To subcontract (a task, responsibility, etc.) to another; to outsource.
Derived terms: word: farmout
farm out
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: farms out
form: farming out
form: farmed out
form: farmed out
Etymology: From farm (“to cleanse, clean”) + out.
Senses: examples: text: Farm out the stable and pigsty.
glosses: To clear or clean out; empty out.
Monégasque
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɒnəɡæsk/
ipa: /ˌmɒnɪˈɡæsk/
ipa: /ˌmɑnɪˈɡæsk/
Forms: form: Monégasques
form: Monegasque
Etymology: From French Monégasque, from Ligurian munegascu, from Munegu.
Senses: synonyms: Monacan
glosses: A native or inhabitant of Monaco.
glosses: a Ligurian dialect spoken in Monaco.
Monégasque
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɒnəɡæsk/
ipa: /ˌmɒnɪˈɡæsk/
ipa: /ˌmɑnɪˈɡæsk/
Forms: form: Monegasque
Etymology: From French Monégasque, from Ligurian munegascu, from Munegu.
Senses: synonyms: Monacan
glosses: Of or relating to Monaco or its inhabitants.
rigorousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rigorousnesses
form: rigourousness
Etymology: From Middle English rigoresnes, rigoresnesse, rigorousenes, equivalent to rigorous + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: Not the first nor the best and certainly not the most famous dictionary of the English language, Swansby’s has always been a poor shadow of its competitors as a work of reference – from the first printed edition in 1930 to today it has nowhere near the success nor rigorousness of Britannica and the Oxford English Dictionary.
ref: 2020, Eley Williams, The Liarʼs Dictionary, William Heinemann, page 13:
glosses: The property of being rigorous, strictness.
Related terms: rigourness
martially
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more martially
form: most martially
Etymology: From martial + -ly.
Senses: glosses: In a martial manner.
masterwork
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: masterworks
Etymology: From master + work.
Senses: glosses: A piece done to prove possession of skill sufficient to be ranked a master.
glosses: A piece of quality, indicative of having been made by a master; a masterpiece.
glosses: An act of primary importance.
glosses: A main drain or irrigation channel.
mayoral
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /meɪˈɔː.ɹəl/
ipa: /ˈmɛə.ɹəl/
ipa: /mɛːɹəl/
ipa: /meɪˈɔ.ɹəl/
ipa: /ˈmeɪ.ə.ɹəl/
ipa: /mɛːɹəl/
rhymes: -ɔːɹəl
Forms: form: more mayoral
form: most mayoral
Etymology: From mayor + -al.
Senses: examples: text: The mayoral seal was applied to all official correspondence of the mayor.
text: Let’s have a quick recap of some of Han’s more rational campaign pledges during last year's mayoral campaign to see how he has performed in his current position. We will leave aside things like building a Disneyland, drilling for oil off the Taiping Islands, constructing an F1 circuit, and turning Qijin Island into Taiwan’s Las Vegas — after all, these sorts of things take time to deliver.
ref: 2019 October 25, David Spencer, “Hilarious Han is taking Taiwan’s voters for fools once more”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 03 Nov 2019:
glosses: Relating to a mayor (or the office of the mayor).
Derived terms: mayorally
nonmayoral
daisies
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈdeɪziz/
Senses: glosses: plural of daisy
bootstraps
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of bootstrap
hit the books
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: hits the books
form: hitting the books
form: hit the books
form: hit the books
Senses: examples: text: They go to the beach when they should be hitting the books and then they wonder why they get bad grades.
glosses: To study, especially with particular intensity.
Related terms: crack a book
vesical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛsɪkəl/
ipa: /ˈviːsɪkəl/
homophone: vesicle stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Etymology: From Latin vesica (“bladder”).
Senses: examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:vesical.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Pertaining to the urinary bladder.
Derived terms: abdominovesical
anovesical
appendicovesical
cervicovesical
extravesical
infravesical
intravesical
neurovesical
paravesical
perivesical
postvesical
prevesical
pubovesical
retrovesical
supravesical
transvesical
umbilicovesical
ureterovesical
urethrovesical
vaginovesical
viga
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈviːɡə/
rhymes: -iːɡə
Forms: form: vigas
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish viga.
Senses: examples: text: The vigas were partly down and hunters or herdsmen had built fires in the floor.
ref: 1992, Cormac McCarthy, All The Pretty Horses:
qualifier: New Mexico
glosses: A roughly-made rafter or roof timber, especially in a Latin American village
vinolent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈvaɪnələnt/
/ˈvɪnələnt/
Forms: form: more vinolent
form: most vinolent
Etymology: From Middle English vynolent, from Latin vinolentus, from Latin vinum (“wine”).
Senses: glosses: fond of drinking wine, especially to excess
bioweapon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbaɪ.əʊˌwɛ.pən/
ipa: /ˈbaɪ.oʊˌwɛ.pən/
Forms: form: bioweapons
form: bio-weapon
Etymology: From bio- + weapon.
Senses: examples: text: “Hey, Rick.” “Oh, hey, kiddo. How's your Saturday?” “You know, super chill. W-W-Whatcha doin'?” “Eh, nothing adventurous. You know that race of Underground Dwelling Cannibal Horse People that we're always fighting?” “Yeah, the CHUDs. W-W-What about 'em? “Well, don't tell anybody, but I'm working on a bioweapon to use against them, so I got this barrel of horse semen from your mom's hospital and I'm just gonna, you know, subject it to some otherworldly forces.”
ref: 2021 July 11, Nick Rutherford, “Rickdependence Spray” (1:10 from the start), in Rick and Morty, season 5, episode 4, spoken by Rick Sanchez (Justin Roiland):
glosses: Any weapon designed to be used in biological warfare.
biological warfare
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: The use of any harmful organism (such as a bacterium or virus) as a weapon of war.
Related terms: germ warfare
chemical warfare
nuclear warfare
germ warfare
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: synonyms: biowarfare
biological warfare
hyponyms: bacterial warfare
bacteriological warfare
glosses: The use of harmful microorganisms as a weapon of war.
quizzically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more quizzically
form: most quizzically
Etymology: From quizzical + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The bogan looked at Gretchen quizzically, wondering if she was having trouble reading the English alphabet.
ref: 2010, Michael Jayfox, E. Chas McSween, Intravenus DeMilo, Enron Hubbard, Hunter McKenzie-Smythe, Flash Johnson, Things Bogans Like, Sydney: Hachette, page 157:
glosses: In a quizzical manner; as if puzzled or asking a question.
quits
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwɪts/
rhymes: -ɪts
Senses: examples: text: Here's the last of the money you lent me. We're quits now, right?
glosses: On equal monetary terms; neither owing or being owed.
Synonyms: all even
even
even-steven
Derived terms: call it quits
double or quits
quits
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwɪts/
rhymes: -ɪts
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of quit
quits
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kwɪts/
rhymes: -ɪts
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Senses: glosses: plural of quit
virgular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈvɜːɡjʊlə/
Forms: form: more virgular
form: most virgular
Etymology: From Latin virgula, a diminutive of virga ‘rod’.
Senses: examples: text: The increasing simplification traceable from the Egyptian epigraphic hieroglyphs to the Greek and Roman alphabets and the anticipation of modern stenography and telegraphic code in the cuneiform inscriptions (Semitic) and the virgular quinquecostate ogham writing (Celtic).
ref: 1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:
glosses: made up of thin lines or strokes, usually with reference to an alphabet or writing system
profit monger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: profit mongers
Etymology: From profit + monger.
Senses: examples: text: Lawyers are considered to be profit mongers when the law is treated as a trade secret and the public process as a business owned and operated by the legal profession.
glosses: A person, business, or profession marked by avarice and greed.
Related terms: profiteer