cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
lead poisoning
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lead poisonings
Senses: topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
synonyms: plumbism
saturnism
glosses: A chronic intoxication produced by the absorption of lead into the body, characterized by severe colicky pains, a dark line along the gums, and local muscular paralysis.
glosses: An injury from being shot with a firearm.
Related terms: saturnia
saturnine
house dick
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: house dicks
Senses: glosses: A hotel detective.
arraign
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈɹeɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: arraigns
form: arraigning
form: arraigned
form: arraigned
Etymology: From Middle English areynen (“to interrogate, arraign, reprimand”), from Anglo-Norman areiner, arener, from Old French araisnier, areisnier, aresnier (“to speak to, address; accuse (in a law court)”) (whence modern French arraisonner (“to verify cargo, to arraign”)), from Vulgar Latin *arratiōnāre, from Latin adratiōnāre, from ad (“to”) + *ratiōnāre (“to reason, talk reasonably, talk”), from ratiō (“reason, reasoning, discourse”), from rat-, past-participle stem of rērī (“to reckon, calculate”). First attested in the late 14th century. Doublet of areason.
About the -g- within the word, Etymonline and the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary both agrees that it is present by hypercorrection and appears since the 16th century. The Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) and the Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology (1986) however, provides two etymological links each, which are Old French aragnier and araigner. The Oxford English Dictionary (1885, 1989) did not support either of these hypotheses, but did attribute Old French arraigner, arainer to an unrelated obsolete sense and etymon.
Senses: examples: text: He was arraigned in Washington, D.C., on the 25th of that month on charges of treason.
text: He will then be arraigned, at which point the specific charges will be unsealed.
ref: 2023 March 30, Ben Protess, Jonah E. Bromwich, William K. Rashbaum, Kate Christobek, Nate Schweber, “Trump Is Indicted, Becoming First Ex-President to Face Criminal Charges”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
qualifier: (archaic) for
glosses: To officially charge someone in a court of law.
examples: text: They will not dare to arraign you for want of knowledge.
ref: 1697, Virgil, “(please specify the book number)”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:
text: It is not arrogance, but timidity, of which the Christian body should now be arraigned by the world.
ref: 1832, [Isaac Taylor], Saturday Evening. […], London: Holdsworth and Ball, →OCLC:
glosses: To call to account, or accuse, before the bar of reason, taste, or any other tribunal.
Derived terms: arraignable
arraignee
arraigner
arraignment
rearraign
unarraigned
arraign
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈɹeɪn/
rhymes: -eɪn
Forms: form: arraigns
Etymology: From Middle English areynen (“to interrogate, arraign, reprimand”), from Anglo-Norman areiner, arener, from Old French araisnier, areisnier, aresnier (“to speak to, address; accuse (in a law court)”) (whence modern French arraisonner (“to verify cargo, to arraign”)), from Vulgar Latin *arratiōnāre, from Latin adratiōnāre, from ad (“to”) + *ratiōnāre (“to reason, talk reasonably, talk”), from ratiō (“reason, reasoning, discourse”), from rat-, past-participle stem of rērī (“to reckon, calculate”). First attested in the late 14th century. Doublet of areason.
About the -g- within the word, Etymonline and the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary both agrees that it is present by hypercorrection and appears since the 16th century. The Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913) and the Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology (1986) however, provides two etymological links each, which are Old French aragnier and araigner. The Oxford English Dictionary (1885, 1989) did not support either of these hypotheses, but did attribute Old French arraigner, arainer to an unrelated obsolete sense and etymon.
Senses: examples: text: the clerk of the arraigns
ref: 1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:
text: The clerk of the arraigns stood up
ref: 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
glosses: Arraignment.
hatchetmen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hatchetman (alternative spelling of hatchet men).
hash house
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hash houses
Senses: glosses: A cheap restaurant.
glosses: In the sport of rogaining, a central base camp providing hot meals and a place to sleep.
animadversion
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌænɪmædˈvɜːʒən/
ipa: /ˌænɪmædˈvɝːʒən /
ipa: /ˌænɪmædˈvɝːʃən/
Forms: form: animadversions
Etymology: From Middle French animadversion and its etymon Latin animadversiō (“observation, criticism”), from animadvertō (“I pay attention”), from animus (“mind”) + advertō (“I turn to”).
Senses: examples: text: [A] misconstruction or misinterpretation, nay, the misplacing of a comma, was in Gifford's eyes a crime worthy of the most severe animadversion.
ref: January 1827, Sir Walter Scott, The Journal of Sir Walter Scott:
text: While the censorious man is most severe in judging others, he is invariably the most ready to repel any animadversions made upon himself; upon the principle well understood in medical circles, that the feeblest bodies are always the most sensitive.
ref: 1895, Elias Lyman Magoon, reported in Josiah Hotchkiss Gilbert, Dictionary of Burning Words of Brilliant Writers, p. 357
text: There is no need for us to be indignant. On the contrary we can now see that these animadversions of the Christian writers are the evidence of how and to what extent in the spread of Christianity over the world it had become fused with the Pagan cults previously existing.
ref: 1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., published 1921, page 26:
glosses: A criticism, a critical remark.
examples: text: He was deceived; for justice hath also knowledge and animadversion over such as gather stubble (as the common saying is) or looke about for grape-seed.
ref: 1603, (translator unknown), Essayes, volumes 5-6, translation of original by Michel de Montaigne, pages 3–4:
text: Nor have I scrupled, in so flagrant a case, to allow myself a severity of animadversion little congenial with the general spirit of these papers.
ref: 1788, Alexander Hamilton, “The Federalist Papers”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), number 67, The Executive Department:
text: In a government like ours more especially should all public acts be, as far as practicable, simple, undisguised, and intelligible, that they may become fit subjects for the approbation to animadversion of the people.
ref: 1830, Andrew Jackson, Second Annual Message to Congress
synonyms: animadversiveness
glosses: The state or characteristic of being animadversive.
headstrong
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more headstrong
form: most headstrong
Etymology: From Middle English heedstrong, equivalent to head + strong.
Senses: examples: text: He was in that headstrong teenage phase when he felt like he knew everything.
text: O, there's nothing to be hoped for from her! ſhe's as headſtrong as an allegory on the banks of the Nile.
ref: 1775 January 17 (first performance), [Richard Brinsley Sheridan], The Rivals, a Comedy. […], London: […] John Wilkie, […], published 1775, →OCLC, Act III, scene iii, page 52:
glosses: Determined to do as one pleases, and not as others want.
Derived terms: headstrongly
headstrongness
grease monkey
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: grease monkeys
Etymology: First use appears c. 1910 in a translated work. See cite below. May have originated during the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain, when children were used to grease the large rotating axles which were used to transfer power from one centralized steam engine to all of the machines on the factory floor. These children, covered in grease and crawling in the tight spaces in the ceilings, were equated with monkeys.
Senses: examples: text: If you appear like a tramp or grease-monkey how can you expect to meet the people who are able to support your business.
ref: 1910, Antonin Gilbert Sertillanges, Jeanne d'Arc et l'Union française - discours prononcé à Notre-Dame le 8 Mai 1910 en la première fête liturgique de la Bienheureuse Jeanne d'Arc, page 10:
text: Maybe some other "grease monkey," as I call mechanics, will correct me.
ref: 1918, Motor World Publishing Company (publisher), Motor World for Jobbers, Dealers and Garagemen - Volume 55, page 29:
text: Brother W.M. Hillery resigned from his job as grease monkey and is working for Armour and Company, but as we understand he is just itching to get with the old bunch.
ref: 1920, International Union of Elevator Constructors (publisher), The Elevator Constructor - Volume 17, page 30:
glosses: A mechanic, often with the specific connotation of an automobile mechanic.
Related terms: greaser
powder monkey
rigging monkey
code monkey
oil trash
shade tree mechanic
needle in a haystack
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: needles in a haystack
form: needles in haystacks
Senses: examples: text: You'll never find the paper you need on her desk. You're looking for a needle in a haystack.
glosses: Something that is difficult or impossible to locate.
haystack
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈheɪˌstæk/
Forms: form: haystacks
Etymology: From Middle English haystak, haystake, hey stak, equivalent to hay + stack.
Senses: glosses: A mound, pile, or stack of stored hay.
qualifier: canoeing
glosses: A standing wave in a rapid.
examples: text: Both of these functions will look through the haystack for the specified needle and, if they find it, will return the portion of the string from the beginning of the needle to the end of the haystack.
ref: 2010, Peter MacIntyre, PHP: The Good Parts, page 39:
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: The text string within which another string is searched for. (see: needle in a haystack)
examples: text: But the point of confining the Kansas City gun experiment to the worst parts of the worst neighborhoods was to make the haystack just a little smaller, and to make the inevitable trade-off between fighting crime and harassing innocent people just a little more manageable.
ref: 2019, Malcolm Gladwell, Talking to Strangers, page 339:
glosses: Any place or collection of items through which one searches for something that is rare and hard to find.
glosses: A dish composed of a starchy food (rice, tortillas, crackers, etc.) topped by a protein (beans, cheese, meat, etc.) in combination with fresh vegetables, assembled on the plate by the diner.
Synonyms: sense: pile of stored hay
word: hayrick
sense: pile of stored hay
word: wynd
Derived terms: Hawaiian haystack
needle in a haystack
needlestack
plain as a haystack
overdue
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌəʊ.vəˈdju/
ipa: /ˌoʊ.vəɹˈdu/
homophone: overdo stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Forms: form: more overdue
form: most overdue
Etymology: From over- + due.
Senses: examples: text: his library books were three days overdue; my car is overdue for an oil change; she finally left on a long overdue vacation
text: [Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in the dark, look for specks of light in the villages.
ref: 2013 July 20, “Out of the gloom”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:
text: More join us at Colwall and at the lovely station at Great Malvern, although the place is in need of some TLC nowadays. The ornate canopy supports are overdue a repaint, and the closed cafe gives the place a forlorn air.
ref: 2020 December 2, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail, page 67:
glosses: Late; especially, past a deadline or too late to fulfill a need.
Synonyms: word: backward
word: behindhand
word: belated
word: late
word: lated
word: overdue
word: tardy
Hypernyms: word: untimely
Hyponyms: word: delayed
Derived terms: overdue abortion
uncontrollable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more uncontrollable
form: most uncontrollable
Etymology: From un- + controllable.
Senses: examples: text: She got the uncontrollable urge for some chocolate.
text: "Ethel!" exclaimed Norbourne, his strong and uncontrollable emotion betraying the power that her name still had over him: he tried to say something more, but the words died on his lips.
ref: 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Influence of the Dead”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 273:
glosses: Not able to be controlled, contained or governed.
Derived terms: uncontrollability
uncontrollableness
uncontrollably
Related terms: control
controllable
board game
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: board games
Senses: glosses: Any of many games of strategy or chance played on a specially designed board; often involves one or more players moving pieces and using dice or cards.
Hypernyms: word: game
Hyponyms: backgammon
checkers
draughts
chess
Cluedo
go
Ludo
Monopoly
pachisi
Scrabble
Trivial Pursuit
Meronyms: word: board
word: board game piece
Derived terms: board gamer
boardgamey
board gaming
rail hail
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Hail accelerated to high speeds by heavy winds.
reptilian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɛpˈtɪliən/
ipa: /ɹɛpˈtɪljən/
ipa: /ɹɛpˈtɪliən/
Forms: form: more reptilian
form: most reptilian
Etymology: From reptile + -ian, replacing earlier reptilious and adjectival reptile.
Senses: examples: text: The Mesozoic represents that time on Earth when life flourished, but when such life was primarily reptilian, before the Age of Mammals.
ref: 2012, Chinle Miller, In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Kindle edition:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: Of or relating to the members of the class Reptilia (reptiles).
examples: text: It is filled with blazing fires and half-human, half-animal beasts, with spiked reptilian tails.
ref: 1982 February 6, Marsha Maurer, “Works in Progress”, in Gay Community News, volume 9, number 28, page 6:
glosses: Reptilelike.
glosses: Unthinking, low, base, contemptible.
glosses: Cold-blooded, treacherous, unavoidably selfish and hostile.
Synonyms: sense: of or relating to members of Reptilia
word: reptilious
sense: of or relating to members of Reptilia
word: reptitious
sense: like a reptile
word: reptilelike
sense: contemptible
word: despicable
sense: cold-blooded
word: cold-blooded
Derived terms: reptilian brain
reptilian brained
reptilian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹɛpˈtɪliən/
ipa: /ɹɛpˈtɪljən/
ipa: /ɹɛpˈtɪliən/
Forms: form: reptilians
Etymology: From reptile + -ian, replacing earlier reptilious and adjectival reptile.
Senses: glosses: A reptilian animal: a reptile.
glosses: A reptilian person, especially (ethnic slur) a Jew.
examples: text: More evolved than the Grays or Reptilians, the Humanoids seem to feel some sort of kinship with humans and are likely to be kind.[…] Some researchers believe the Grays are merely preparing the way for a full-scale invasion of Reptilian aliens.
ref: 2001, Caroline Tiger, The UFO Hunter’s Handbook: A Field Guide to the Paranormal, →ISBN, pages 62–63:
text: Such powerful human families would descend upon the reptilians themselves and they would be willing to do just anything to retain their power.
ref: 2010, Chico Penteado, Talking to the Reptilians-A Report from Brazil, →ISBN, page 11:
text: The reptilians are the creation of the Carians.
ref: 2011, Collin Robert Bowling, A New Order of the Ages, →ISBN:
text: Reptilians generally are envisioned as half snake, half human, and they are thought to have come from the Alpha Draconian star system.
ref: 2015, Marty Crump, Eye of Newt and Toe of Frog, Adder's Fork and Lizard's Leg, →ISBN:
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: A reptilian alien, especially (ufology, often capitalized) of a shapeshifting race alleged to secretly control the world.
Related terms: lizardman
dumb blonde
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dumb blondes
form: dumb blond
Senses: examples: text: Have you found the canonical list of dumb blonde jokes on the Internet yet?
text: My friends say she's a dumb blonde but they don't know she dyes her hair.
ref: 1988, Thomas Dolby, Airhead:
glosses: A common stereotype of a blonde woman as attractive but unintelligent.
glosses: A man of similar type.
Related terms: blonde joke
peroxide blonde
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: peroxide blondes
Senses: synonyms: bleach blonde
bottle blonde
coordinate_terms: peroxide blond
glosses: A person, especially a woman, who bleaches their hair extremely white-blonde.
bukake
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of bukkake.
elongated
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more elongated
form: most elongated
Senses: examples: text: But his serve instantly came under intense pressure against Alcaraz in an elongated start which included a 12-minute opening game.
ref: 2025 June 8, Jonathan Jurejko, “Alcaraz stuns Sinner in extraordinary French Open final”, in BBC:
glosses: extensive in length (physical distance, or time)
glosses: stretched
glosses: Having been modified by placing a prism in the middle of the polyhedron.
raw_tags: of a polyhedron
Derived terms: elongatedly
elongatedness
hyperelongated
nonelongated
subelongated
superelongated
unelongated
elongated
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of elongate
Derived terms: gyroelongated
overelongated
mechanize
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈmɛkənaɪz/
Forms: form: mechanizes
form: mechanizing
form: mechanized
form: mechanized
form: mechanise
Senses: glosses: To equip something with machinery.
glosses: To equip a military unit with tanks and other armed vehicles.
examples: text: The engineering department of the Sinkiang Posts and Telecommunications Control Bureau fully utilized both native and foreign methods to carry out innovation and technical revolution. About 80 percent of its line work are now mechanized. A remote control switch for the radio transmitter was test-produced by the Kashgar and A-k'o-su bureaus.
ref: 1960 June 3 [1960 April 6], “Technical Revolution Promoted in Bureaus”, in Weekly Report on Communist China, number 28, Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, translation of original by Jen-min Yu-tian, →OCLC, page 16:
glosses: To make something routine, automatic or monotonous.
Derived terms: demechanize
mechanizability
mechanizable
mechanizer
remechanize
Related terms: mechanization
remnants
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of remnant
spermatozoon
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌspɜːmətə(ʊ)ˈzəʊɒn/
Forms: form: spermatozoa
form: spermatozoön
form: spermatozoan
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σπέρμα (spérma, “sperm”) + ζῷον (zōîon, “living thing”), equivalent to spermato- + -zoon.
Senses: examples: text: But let us suppose [...] that one hardy or lucky spermatozoon has reached the waiting egg.
ref: 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 339:
text: A sperm, or spermatozoa, is the microscopic male reproductive cell. Sperms are made up of oval-shaped heads and long tails that they use for mobility.
ref: 2024 June 11, Dr. Steve Chapman, “Is swallowing semen good for you?”, in Better2Know:
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A reproductive cell or gamete of a male, carried in semen, that fertilizes an ovum to produce a zygote.
Synonyms: sperm cell
zoosperm
Hypernyms: gamete
Coordinate terms: ovum
Derived terms: spermatozoal
spermatozoic
terpsichorean
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌtəːp.sɪ.kəɹˈiː.ən/
ipa: /ˌtɝp.sɪ.kəˈɹiː.ən/
ipa: /ˌtɝp.sɪˈkɔɹ.iː.ən/
Forms: form: more terpsichorean
form: most terpsichorean
form: terpsichoreal
form: Terpsichorean
form: terpsichorial
form: terpsichorian
Etymology: From Terpsichore (“the Muse of dance in Greek mythology”).
Senses: examples: text: The pair danced away with great agility and contentment,—first a waltz, then a galop, then a waltz again, until, in the second waltz, they were bumped by another couple who had joined the Terpsichorean choir.
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 47, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
text: This was such an entirely new view of the Terpsichorean art as socially practised, that Mrs Lammle looked at her young friend in some astonishment
ref: 1865, Charles Dickens, Our Mutual Friend:
text: They're quiet enough in the morning hours,
They're quiet enough in the afternoon,
Reserving their terpsichorean powers
To dance by the light of the Jellicle Moon.
ref: 1939, T. S. Eliot, “The Song of the Jellicles”, in Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats:
text: Oh, heaven forbid: I am one who delights in all manifestations of the Terpsichorean muse!
ref: 1970, Monty Python, The Cheese Shop:
topics: dance
dancing
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Of or relating to dancing.
terpsichorean
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌtəːp.sɪ.kəɹˈiː.ən/
ipa: /ˌtɝp.sɪ.kəˈɹiː.ən/
ipa: /ˌtɝp.sɪˈkɔɹ.iː.ən/
Forms: form: terpsichoreans
form: terpsichoreal
form: Terpsichorean
form: terpsichorial
form: terpsichorian
Etymology: From Terpsichore (“the Muse of dance in Greek mythology”).
Senses: glosses: A person who dances, especially professionally.
neuropathy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌnjuːˈrɒ.pə.θiː/
Forms: form: neuropathies
Etymology: From neuro- + -pathy.
Senses: examples: text: Long-standing diabetes often causes neuropathy in the retinas, fingertips, and toes.
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Any disease of the peripheral nervous system; peripheral neuropathy.
examples: text: the contribution of central neuropathy on postural impairment observed in diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy
text: insights into the underlying molecular pathogenesis of diabetes-induced CNS neuropathy
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: Any disease of the nerves and nervous system, usually and more specifically the peripheral nervous system, thus including both non-neuraxial and neuraxial instances of neural damage or dysfunction but excluding the neuraxis's psychiatric aspects (mental illnesses).
Derived terms: angioneuropathy
cranioneuropathy
encephaloneuropathy
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
mononeuropathy
myeloneuropathy
Navajo neuropathy
neuropathic
neuropathist
peripheral neuropathy
polyneuropathy
radiculoneuropathy
Wartenberg's migratory sensory neuropathy
Related terms: word: neuronopathy
word: neuropath
word: neuropathology
english: morphologically parallel but semantically divergent
translation: morphologically parallel but semantically divergent
word: neurosis
neuropathic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From neuro- + -pathic.
Senses: antonyms: nonneuropathic
glosses: Of or relating to neuropathy.
Derived terms: antineuropathic
mononeuropathic
neuropathically
neuropathic pain
neuropathics
nonneuropathic
polyneuropathic
vasculoneuropathic
circumvent
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /səːkəmˈvɛnt/
rhymes: -ɛnt
Forms: form: circumvents
form: circumventing
form: circumvented
form: circumvented
form: circumvene
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin circumveniō.
Senses: examples: text: The line turns a sharp right-angle to the north to circumvent the town, and then plunges straight into the 1 in 50, which lasts for nearly 20 miles with few intermissions, and some pitches of 1 in 40.
ref: 1950 April, Timothy H. Cobb, “The Kenya-Uganda Railway”, in Railway Magazine, page 265:
glosses: to avoid or get around something; to bypass
glosses: to surround or besiege
examples: text: We are mortified by not being thought worthy of trust; and there is also a feeling of small triumph in circumventing those who doubt either our inclination or our power of service.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 279–280:
glosses: to outwit or outsmart
Derived terms: circumventable
circumvental
circumventer
circumvential
circumventingly
circumvention
circumventive
circumventor
Related terms: circumvention
circumventive
set-theoretic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: set-theoretical
Senses: examples: a set-theoretic proof
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Of, relating to or using set theory.
Derived terms: set-theoretic difference
potbelly stove
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: potbelly stoves
Senses: glosses: A cast iron stove with a rotund firebox that uses as fuel coal, coke, wood, charcoal, or rarely peat.
Synonyms: potbellied stove
potbellied stove
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: potbellied stoves
Senses: glosses: A potbelly stove.
rock 'n' roll
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of rock and roll.
null set
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: null sets
Senses: topics: mathematics
measure-theory
sciences
glosses: A negligible set; set of zero measure.
topics: mathematics
sciences
set-theory
glosses: The empty set.
negligible set
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: negligible sets
Senses: topics: mathematics
measure-theory
sciences
set-theory
glosses: A set that is small enough that it can be ignored for some purpose.
Synonyms: null set
vitreous humour
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: vitreous humours
form: vitreous humor
Senses: topics: medicine
ophthalmology
sciences
glosses: The clear gel that fills the eyeball between the lens and the retina.
Synonyms: vitreous body
Derived terms: vitrectomy
Related terms: aqueous humour
Euclidean
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /juːˈklɪd.i.ən/
ipa: /juˈklɪd.i.ən/
ipa: [juˈklɪɾ.i.ən]
ipa: /jʉːˈklɪd.i.ən/
ipa: /jʉːˈkləd.i.ən/
rhymes: -ɪdiən
Forms: form: Euclidian
form: euclidian
Etymology: Named after Euclid, who established the principles of plane geometry.
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: Adhering to the principles of traditional geometry, in which parallel lines are equidistant.
glosses: Of or relating to Euclid's Elements, especially to Euclidean geometry.
Coordinate terms: hyperbolic
Minkowskian
Derived terms: Euclidean algorithm
Euclidean distance
Euclidean geometry
Euclidean group
Euclideanness
Euclidean relation
Euclidean space
Euclidean
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /juːˈklɪd.i.ən/
ipa: /juˈklɪd.i.ən/
ipa: [juˈklɪɾ.i.ən]
ipa: /jʉːˈklɪd.i.ən/
ipa: /jʉːˈkləd.i.ən/
rhymes: -ɪdiən
Forms: form: Euclidian
form: euclidian
Etymology: Named after the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., which in turn refers to the city of Euclid, Ohio.
Senses: glosses: Of or relating to Euclidean zoning.
non-Euclidean
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From non- + Euclidean.
Senses: examples: text: He said that the geometry of the dream-place he saw was abnormal, non-Euclidean, and loathsomely redolent of spheres and dimensions apart from ours.
ref: 1928 February, H[oward] P[hillips] Lovecraft, “The Call of Cthulhu”, in Farnsworth Wright, editor, Weird Tales: A Magazine of the Bizarre and Unusual, volume 11, number 2, Indianapolis, Ind.: Popular Fiction Pub. Co., →OCLC, pages 159–178 and 287:
glosses: of, or relating to non-Euclidean geometry
Euclidean geometry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Euclidean geometries
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: The familiar geometry of the real world, based on the parallel postulate.
wikipedia: Euclidean geometry
Hypernyms: absolute geometry
Derived terms: non-Euclidean geometry
non-Euclidean geometry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: non-Euclidean geometries
form: noneuclidean geometry
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
glosses: Any system of geometry not based on the set of axioms of Euclidean geometry, which is based on the three-dimensional space of common experience.
wikipedia: non-Euclidean geometry
Hyponyms: hyperbolic geometry
elliptical geometry
spherical geometry
Related terms: absolute geometry
parallel postulate
animalcule
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ænɪˈmælkjuːl/
ipa: /ˌænəˈmælˌkjul/
Forms: form: animalcules
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin animalculum (“lowly or small animal”) + English -cule (diminutive suffix). Animalculum is derived from Latin animal (“animal; living creature”) + -culum (diminutive suffix); and animal from animāle, the nominative neuter singular of animālis (“animate, living; relating to living creatures”), from anima (“breath; life; soul, spirit”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- (“to breathe”)) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The English word is analysable as animal + -cule.
Senses: examples: text: [Antonie van] Leeuwenhoek's most mysterious finding was yet to come, however. Inside the animalcules in the thickest part of the semen he saw / all manner of great and small vessels, so various and so numerous that I do not doubt that they be nerves, arteries and veins. …
ref: 2001, David M. Friedman, “The Gear Shift”, in A Mind of Its Own: A Cultural History of the Penis, New York, N.Y.: The Free Press, →ISBN, page 76:
topics: medicine
physiology
sciences
glosses: A sperm cell or spermatozoon; also, the embryo that was formerly thought to be contained inside a spermatozoon in a fully developed state.
examples: text: If we are part of nature, then we are synonymous with it at the metaphysical level, every bit as much as the first all-but-inorganic animalcules that ever formed a chain of themselves in the blow hole of a primordial sea vent.
ref: 2011, John Jeremiah Sullivan, “La·hwi·ne·ski: Career of an Eccentric Naturalist”, in Pulphead, New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →OCLC, pages 212–213:
topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: A microscopic aquatic animal, including protozoa and rotifers.
examples: text: Why, there is not a Man, or a Thing, now alive but has tools. The basest of created animalcules, the Spider itself, has a spinning-jenny, and warping-mill, and power-loom within its head: […]
ref: 1831, Thomas Carlyle, “Pause”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 2nd book, page 137:
text: Is it not evident that if a parasitic animalcule desired to call its attention it would sink a hole in its shell and so stimulate its sensory apparatus?
ref: 1928 February 25 – March 3, Arthur Conan Doyle, “When the World Screamed”, in The Professor Challenger Stories […], London: John Murray, […], published [1952], →OCLC, page 555:
glosses: A small animal.
Synonyms: word: animalcula
word: animalculum
Hyponyms: alt: peritrich
word: bell animalcule
word: eye animalcule
word: globe animalcule
english: amoeba
translation: amoeba
word: proteus animalcule
alt: paramecium
word: slipper animalcule
alt: heliozoa
word: sun animalcule
alt: stentor
word: trumpet animalcule
alt: rotifer
word: wheel animalcule
Derived terms: word: animalcular
word: animalculine
word: animalculism
word: animalculist
word: animalculistic
word: animalculous
word: caminalcule
Related terms: animalcula
animalculum
gametocyte
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: gametocytes
Etymology: From gameto- + -cyte.
Senses: topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A diploid germ cell that divides by meiosis into a gamete.
Hyponyms: spermatocyte
oocyte
Derived terms: gametocytaemia
gametocytocidal
gametocytocide
macrogametocyte
megagametocyte
microgametocyte
germ cell
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: germ cells
Senses: topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A cell that is part of the germ line: a gametocyte, an ovum or a sperm cell.
Synonyms: word: reproductive cell
word: sex cell
word: germ cell
Hypernyms: word: cell
Hyponyms: word: gametocyte
word: gamete
word: spermatocyte
word: oocyte
word: spermatozoon
word: sperm
word: ovum
word: egg
Coordinate terms: somatic cell
spermatocyte
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: spermatocytes
Etymology: From spermato- + -cyte.
Senses: examples: text: The spermatogonia continue to reside in the gonocyst and form spermatocyte, which begins to increase in size.
ref: 2013, Rabindra N. Chatterjee, Lucas Sanchez, Genome Analysis in Eukaryotes, page 71:
text: Fragments of laminin chains can act as biologically active peptides to perturb the blood–testis barrier (BTB) permeability function by accelerating protein endocytosis (e.g., occludin) at the site, thereby destabilizing the BTB integrity to facilitate the transit of preleptotene spermatocytes.
ref: 2015 August 26, “A Catalog of Proteins Expressed in the AG Secreted Fluid during the Mature Phase of the Chinese Mitten Crabs ( Eriocheir sinensis )”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:
topics: biology
cytology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: A male gametocyte, from which a spermatozoon develops.
Synonyms: nematoblast
spermatoblast
spermoblast
Hypernyms: gametocyte
Coordinate terms: oocyte
Derived terms: spermatocytal
spermatocytic
diploid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: other: /ˈdɪˌplɔɪd/
rhymes: -ɔɪd
Etymology: From diplo- + -oid. By surface analysis, di- + -ploid.
Senses: examples: text: It has been shown, however, that triploid forms producing diploid gametes in one sex and haploid ones in the other sex can act as a stepping stone towards tetraploidization (triploid bridge; [ 93 – 95 ]).
ref: 2015 July 4, Heinz-Ulrich Reyer, Christian Arioli-Jakob, Martina Arioli, “Post-zygotic selection against parental genotypes during larval development maintains all-hybrid populations of the frog Pelophylax esculentus”, in BMC Evolutionary Biology, volume 15, →DOI:
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of a cell, having a pair of each type of chromosome, one of the pair being derived from the ovum and the other from the spermatozoon. Most somatic cells of higher organisms are diploid.
topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
glosses: Of an organism, having diploid cells.
topics: chemistry
crystallography
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Of a certain symmetry class with 24 congruent irregular quadrilateral faces.
Derived terms: allodiploid
amphidiploid
autodiploid
diplodiploid
diploidisation
diploidization
diploidy
eudiploid
haplodiploid
heterodiploid
homodiploid
hyperdiploid
hypodiploid
merodiploid
nondiploid
paradiploid
pseudodiploid
subdiploid
Related terms: haploid
polyploid
tetraploid
triploid
diploid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: other: /ˈdɪˌplɔɪd/
rhymes: -ɔɪd
Forms: form: diploids
Etymology: From diplo- + -oid. By surface analysis, di- + -ploid.
Senses: glosses: A diploid cell.
examples: text: The variation of caryopsis characters in species of Aegilops and wheat diploids is similar to that of wheat tetraploids .
ref: 1995, Romuald Kosina, Tetraploids of the Genus Triticum in the Light of Caryopsis Structure:
glosses: A diploid organism.
particle board
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: particle boards
form: particle-board
Senses: synonyms: word: chipboard
glosses: a structural material manufactured from wood particles (such as chips and shavings) by pressing, and binding through resin
Related terms: fibreboard
plywood
shaving
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃeɪvɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪvɪŋ
Forms: form: shavings
Senses: glosses: A thin, shaved off slice of wood, metal, or other material.
glosses: The action of having a shave.
examples: text: On numerous occasions countless bootings and shavings, it's blatant
Double tap when I slap this gauge ting
Or it's ching-chao when I swing this stainless
ref: 2020 November 19, (67) PR SAD, “One Wish” (1:27 from the start):
synonyms: chinging
glosses: A stabbing.
Derived terms: shaving horse
shaving mirror
woodshaving
wood-shaving flower
shaving
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃeɪvɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪvɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of shave
Derived terms: dry shaving
green-shaving
peak shaving
point shaving
point-shaving
shaving bench
shaving board
shaving box
shaving brush
shaving bump
shaving cloth
shaving cream
shaving-cup
shaving foam
shaving gel
shaving-grass
shaving hat
shaving house
shaving iron
shaving knife
shaving linen
shaving lotion
shaving mill
shaving muscle
shaving oil
shaving rag
shaving soap
shaving stick
shaving tool
shaving towel
wet shaving
yak shaving
squander
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskwɒnd.ə/
ipa: [ˈskwɒn.də]
ipa: /ˈskwɑn.dɚ/
ipa: [ˈskʷɑn.dɚ]
rhymes: -ɒndə(ɹ)
Forms: form: squanders
form: squandering
form: squandered
form: squandered
Etymology: Earliest uses (late 16th c.) "to spend recklessly or prodigiously", also "to scatter over a wide area". Of unknown origin. Perhaps a blend of scatter + wander.
Compare Danish skvætte (rare)/skvatte (“to splash”) (nominalised: skvæt), Icelandic skvetta (“to squirt”), Swedish skvätta (“to splash”), Norwegian Bokmål skvette.
Senses: examples: text: .
text: 1886, Cora Pearl, Memoirs. "I have squandered money enormously.... I ought to have saved, but saving is not easy in such a whirl of excitement as that in which I have lived."
text: 1746, Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard's Almanac
Dost thou love life? Then do not squander time, for that's the stuff life is made of.
text: As the game opened up, Bolton squandered a fine opportunity to equalise - Chris Eagles shooting straight at Szczesny - but then back came Arsenal.
ref: 2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport:
synonyms: waste
lavish
splurge
slather
throw away
make ducks and drakes of
play ducks and drakes with
glosses: To waste, lavish, splurge; to spend lavishly or profusely; to dissipate.
examples: text: […]our ſquander’d Troops he rallies:[…]
ref: 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act I, page 2:
glosses: To scatter; to disperse.
examples: text: […]The Wiſe-mans folly is anathomiz’d / Euen by ſquandring glances of the foole.
ref: c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii], page 193, column 1:
glosses: To wander at random; to scatter.
shard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaːd/
ipa: /ʃɑːd/
ipa: /ʃɑɹd/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)d
Forms: form: shards
form: sherd
Etymology: From Middle English shard, scherd, scheard, schord, from Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”), from Proto-West Germanic *skard, from Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”), from *skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to Scots schaird (“shard”), French écharde (“splinter”), Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”), German Scharte (“notch”), Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”) ( > Danish skår).
The database sense is perhaps derived from the online gaming sense or from SHARD (System for Highly Available Replicated Data), name of a 1980s database product.
Senses: examples: text: You know there is something fascinating beyond that wall because someone's tried to stop you seeing over, and there are shards of glass embedded in the top.
ref: 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 29:
synonyms: potsherd
glosses: A piece of broken glass or pottery, especially one found in an archaeological dig.
examples: 2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text
Inside its exhibit hall, behind panes of glass, in a white-lit lab, a team of restorers works on an ancient Byzantine floor: 44 square yards of stone shards rescued from Lot’s Cave Monastery.
synonyms: splinter
glosses: A piece of material, especially rock and similar materials, reminding of a broken piece of glass or pottery.
glosses: A tough scale, sheath, or shell; especially an elytron of a beetle.
examples: 1997, Ultima Online. The term "shard" is related to the backstory of the game, in which the Gem of Immortality is shattered by the Stranger, the protagonist of Ultima I.
"The planet was still bound to the jewel's magic, even as it lay shattered upon the floor of Mondain's castle. For, within each shattered remnant of the jewel, dwelled a perfect likeness of Sosaria. Thus is the world in which you are born, live, and die. Brittania, that was once Sosaria, now exists as a thousand worlds, each with its own peoples, history and destiny. This Brittania is but one of many in the multiverse that is... ...ULTIMA ONLINE." - Intro cinematic to the game, written by Michael Morlan https://web.archive.org/web/20080706122926/http://michael-morlan.net/pages/production/prod_uo.htm
topics: games
gaming
glosses: An instance of an MMORPG that is one of several independent and structurally identical virtual worlds, none of which has so many players as to exhaust a system's resources.
topics: computing
databases
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: partition
glosses: A component of a sharded distributed database.
glosses: A piece of crystal methamphetamine.
Derived terms: potsherd
shard
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaːd/
ipa: /ʃɑːd/
ipa: /ʃɑɹd/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)d
Forms: form: shards
form: sharding
form: sharded
form: sharded
form: sherd
Etymology: From Middle English shard, scherd, scheard, schord, from Old English sċeard (“a broken piece; shard”), from Proto-West Germanic *skard, from Proto-Germanic *skardą (“notch; nick”), from *skardaz (“damaged; nicked; scarred”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Akin to Scots schaird (“shard”), French écharde (“splinter”), Dutch schaarde (“tear; notch; fragment”), German Scharte (“notch”), Old Norse skarð (“notch, hack”) ( > Danish skår).
The database sense is perhaps derived from the online gaming sense or from SHARD (System for Highly Available Replicated Data), name of a 1980s database product.
Senses: glosses: To fall apart into shards, usually as the result of impact or explosion.
glosses: To break (something) into shards.
topics: games
gaming
glosses: To divide (an MMORPG) into several shards, or to establish a shard of one.
shard
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʃaːd/
ipa: /ʃɑːd/
ipa: /ʃɑɹd/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)d
Senses: examples: text: Not Heathpout, or the rarer Bird,
Which Phasis, or Ionia yields,
More pleasing Morsels would afford
Than the fat Olives of my Fields;
Than Shards or Mallows for the Pot,
That keep the loosen’d Body sound,
Or than the Lamb that falls by Lot,
To the just Guardian of my Ground.
ref: 1684, John Dryden, “From Horace, Epode 2”, in The Second Part of Miscellany Poems, 4th edition, London: Jacob Tonson, page 79:
glosses: The plant chard.
philosophers' stone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: philosophers' stones
Etymology: From Middle English philosophres ston, a calque of Latin lapis philosophōrum.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of philosopher's stone.
archæological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more archæological
form: most archæological
Senses: glosses: Archaic form of archaeological.
archæologically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of archaeologically.
Cheapside
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From Old English Ċēapsīde, i.e. “district beside the market”. See ċēap and sīde.
Senses: glosses: Any of several streets in English towns and cities that were originally marketplaces.
glosses: A street, and surrounding district, in the City of London; links Newgate Street, Cornhill, Threadneedle Street, Poultry and Lombard Street (and others).
glosses: A village mostly in Sunninghill and Ascot parish, Windsor and Maidenhead borough, Berkshire, England (OS grid ref SU9469).
glosses: A hamlet in Anstey parish, East Hertfordshire district, Hertfordshire, England (OS grid ref TL4033).
glosses: A community in Haldimand County, Ontario, Canada.
glosses: A ghost town in Gonzales County, Texas, United States.
glosses: An unincorporated community in Northampton County, Virginia, United States.
marketplace
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: marketplaces
form: market place
form: market-place
Etymology: From market + place.
Senses: glosses: An open area in a town housing a public market.
examples: text: Some high-street retailers were slow to enter the new digital marketplace of the Internet.
glosses: The space, actual or metaphorical, in which a market operates.
examples: text: Endorsing the liberal anti-interventionist credo that the marketplace should act as the "site of verification," the advocates of white lead opposed government intervention for the sake of open economic competition, which they claimed revealed its true value and thus should be the sole determinant: "When the railways were built, the stage coaches disppeared; they died a timely death. If zinc white is truly superior to white lead, it will kill us in the marketplace, but the government should not intervene." These were the words of Expert-Bezançon, in his February 1903 deposition to the parliamentary committee examining the bill for banning lead-based pigments in paint.
ref: 2021, Judith Rainhorn, The Colour of Controversy..., p. 10
glosses: The world of commerce and trade.
examples: text: marketplace of ideas
text: While political theory frequently appears condemned to nostalgic reflection, cultural studies often dulls its critical edge in the never-ending stampede to document the newest styles and counterstyles of the cultural marketplace.
ref: 2000, Jason A. Frank, John Tambornino, Vocations of Political Theory, page 239:
text: So I have seen this controversy from both sides, and I truly believe that the most important factor is the preservation of the Internet's potential for becoming the new neutral marketplace of ideas that is so needed for the revitalization of American democracy.
ref: 2007, Al Gore, The Assault on Reason, New York: Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 268:
glosses: A place or sphere for the exchange of anything, such as ideas or fashions.
Derived terms: assassination marketplace
cybermarketplace
darknet marketplace
e-marketplace
nonmarketplace
sexual marketplace
Related terms: market square
market place
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: market places
Senses: examples: text: It was market day at Sidi Aissa, and the numberless caravans of camels coming in from the desert, and the crowds of bickering Arabs in the market place, filled Tarzan with a consuming desire to remain for a day that he might see more of these sons of the desert.
ref: 1913 June–December, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Dancing Girl of Sidi Aissa”, in The Return of Tarzan, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, […], published March 1915, →OCLC, page 90:
glosses: Alternative form of marketplace.
market square
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: market squares
Senses: glosses: An open area in a town housing a public market, often on just one day per week; a marketplace.
Related terms: market day