jump
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: jŭmp
ipa: /d͡ʒʌmp/
ipa: [d͡ʒɐm̥p]
rhymes: -ʌmp
Forms: form: jumps
Etymology: From Middle English jumpen (“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably of Middle Low German or North Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *gumpōną ~ *gumbōną (“to hop, skip, bounce”), an iterative verb. The OED suggests an imitative origin. Related to jumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displaced leap partially and spring largely.
Cognates
Cognate with German Low German jumpen (“to jump”), archaic German gumpen (“to jump, hop, bounce”), dialectal German gampen (“to hop”), Alemannic German gumpe (“to leap, jump”), Walser dialect kumpu, Old Norse gopta (“to jump; make jump”) Danish gumpe (“to jolt”), Swedish gumpa (“to jump”), Danish gimpe (“to move up and down”), Middle English jumpren, jumbren (“to mix, jumble”).
Senses: examples: text: To advance by jumps.
ref: a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC:
glosses: The act of jumping; a leap; a spring; a bound.
examples: text: Our fortune lies / Upon this jump.
ref: c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene viii]:
glosses: An effort; an attempt; a venture.
topics: business
mining
glosses: A dislocation in a stratum; a fault.
topics: architecture
glosses: An abrupt interruption of level in a piece of brickwork or masonry.
examples: text: The boy took a skip and a jump down the lane.
glosses: An instance of propelling oneself upwards.
examples: text: The skier flew off the jump and landed perfectly.
glosses: An object which causes one to jump; a ramp.
examples: text: There were a couple of jumps from the bridge.
glosses: An instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location.
examples: text: She was terrified before the jump, but was thrilled to be skydiving.
glosses: An instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location.
glosses: An instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body.
examples: text: the knight's jump in chess
glosses: A jumping move in a board game.
examples: text: Press jump to start.
glosses: A button (of a joypad, joystick or similar device) used to make a video game character jump (propel itself upwards).
examples: text: Heartless managed the scale the first jump but fell over the second.
topics: equestrianism
hobbies
horses
lifestyle
pets
sports
glosses: An obstacle that forms part of a showjumping course, and that the horse has to jump over cleanly.
examples: text: He got a jump on the day because he had laid out everything the night before.
text: Their research department gave them the jump on the competition.
glosses: An early start or an advantage.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A discontinuity in the graph of a function, where the function is continuous in a punctured interval of the discontinuity.
topics: geography
hydrodynamics
hydrology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: An abrupt increase in the height of the surface of a flowing liquid at the location where the flow transitions from supercritical to subcritical, involving an abrupt reduction in flow speed and increase in turbulence.
topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: An instance of faster-than-light travel, not observable from ordinary space.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
glosses: A change of the path of execution to a different location.
examples: text: My car won't start. Could you give me a jump?
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: Ellipsis of jump-start.
topics: broadcasting
film
media
television
glosses: Clipping of jump cut.
examples: text: Next jump will be at the Chicago Theater, Chicago.
ref: 1950 December 23, Billboard, page 36:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
theater
glosses: Synonym of one-night stand (“single evening's performance”).
synonyms: word: one-night stand
extra: single evening's performance
Synonyms: sense: instance of propelling oneself into the air
word: leap
sense: instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body
word: flinch
sense: instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body
word: jerk
sense: instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body
word: twitch
Derived terms: after the jump
backjump
barrel jump
BASE jump
broad jump
buffalo jump
bungee jump
bungy jump
Chinese jump rope
double jump
frog jump
the jump
get a jump on
high jump
hippy jump
hop, skip and jump
hop, step and jump
hydraulic jump
hyperjump
in two jumps
JMP
jump ball
jump blues
jump boot
jump box
jump drive
jumpgate
jump host
jump hump
jumpity
jump jet
jump jockey
jump lead
jumplike
jump list
jumpmaster
jump-off
jump on the chance
jumpout
jump page
jump pass
jump point search
jump process
jump racing
jump ramp
jump rope
jumpscare
jump-scare
jump scare
jumpseed
jump server
jumpsome
jump spark
jump squat
jump start
jumpstation
jumpster
jumpstyle
jumpsuit
jump wire
junior jump
kite jump
long jump
loop jump
Markov jump process
midjump
moon jump
no-jump
one jump ahead
on the jump
parajump
prejump
puddle jump
puddle-jump
quantum jump
rocket jump
ski jump
star jump
superjump
take a running jump
time jump
triple jump
Turing jump
Walleye jump
wall jump
water jump
wolf jump