cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
grad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɹæd/
rhymes: -æd
Forms: form: grads
Senses: glosses: Clipping of graduate.
glosses: Clipping of graduation.
topics: mathematics
sciences
trigonometry
glosses: Abbreviation of gradian.
Derived terms: fresh grad
grad school
grad student
Related terms: deg
rad
grad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡɹæd/
rhymes: -æd
Forms: form: grads
Senses: glosses: Alternative letter-case form of Grad.
RDF
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: RDFs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Resource Description Framework, used for conceptual modelling of information on the Web.
glosses: Initialism of radio direction finding.
glosses: Initialism of reality distortion field, used for describing how exposure to a charismatic person can change people's behavior.
glosses: Initialism of random dopant fluctuation, used in semiconductor process development. RDF is a significant cause of MOS Threshold Voltage variation in nanometer scale devices.
glosses: Initialism of radial distribution function.
glosses: Initialism of refuse-derived fuel.
glosses: Initialism of Rwanda Defence Force.
Derived terms: RDFS
RDF Schema
æstival
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more æstival
form: most æstival
Senses: glosses: Archaic spelling of estival.
chevalier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʃɛvəˈlɪɚ/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: chevaliers
Etymology: From Middle English chivaler or chevaler (also shyvalere while code-switching), from Anglo-Norman chevaler or chivaler, later refashioned after French chevalier, from Late Latin caballārius (“horseman”), from Latin caballus (“horse”). Doublet of caballero and cavalier.
Senses: glosses: cavalier; knight
topics: card-games
games
glosses: In tarot cards, the card between the valet and the dame.
Related terms: preux chevalier
Punic apple
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Punic apples
Etymology: Translation of Latin malum punicum.
Senses: glosses: The pomegranate (Punica granatum).
Related terms: Punic tree
unpleasant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈplɛzn̩t/
Forms: form: unpleasanter
form: more unpleasant
form: unpleasantest
form: most unpleasant
Etymology: From Middle English unplesaunt, equivalent to un- + pleasant.
Senses: examples: text: O sweet Portia,
Here are a few of the unpleasant’st words
That ever blotted paper!
ref: c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
text: It was indeed one admirable piece of Conduct in the said Magistrates, that the Streets were kept constantly clear, and free from all manner of frightful Objects, dead Bodies, or any such things as were indecent or unpleasant, unless where any Body fell down suddenly or died in the Streets […]
ref: 1722, Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year, London: E. Nutt, page 214:
text: The very circumstance, in its unpleasantest form, which they would each have been most anxious to avoid, had fallen on them.
ref: 1811, [Jane Austen], chapter 35, in Sense and Sensibility […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] C[harles] Roworth, […], and published by T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC:
text: […] she had read several nice little histories about children who had got burnt, and eaten up by wild beasts and other unpleasant things, all because they would not remember the simple rules their friends had taught them: […]
ref: 1865 November (indicated as 1866), Lewis Carroll [pseudonym; Charles Lutwidge Dodgson], “Down the Rabbit-Hole”, in Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 10:
text: And I dipped into novels so like the unpleasanter parts of my own life that they might just as well have been autobiographies.
ref: 1921, Walter de la Mare, “Chapter 37”, in Memoirs of a Midget:
text: An algae bloom has killed thousands of fish in the San Francisco Bay Area in recent weeks, officials say, forcing shoreline cleanups, spreading unpleasant odor and spurring scientists to further investigate the extent of the ecological damage.
ref: 2022 September 3, Taylor Romine and Jason Hanna, “An algae bloom has killed thousands of fish in the San Francisco Bay Area”, in CNN:
glosses: Not pleasant.
Synonyms: word: disagreeable
word: distasteful
word: abhorrant
word: abhorrent
word: bad
word: disgusting
word: foul
word: rancid
word: fulsome
word: grim
word: gro
word: grody
word: gross
word: grotty
word: harsh
word: loathsome
word: munted
word: nasty
word: nauseous
word: obnoxious
word: rank
word: repulsive
word: revolting
word: scabrous
word: sickening
word: strident
word: offensive
word: unpleasant
Hyponyms: word: unpalatable
word: cacophonous
word: malodorous
Derived terms: unpleasantly
unpleasantness
Related terms: word: annoying
cumulonimbus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌkjuː.mjʊ.ləʊˈnɪm.bəs/
ipa: /ˌkju.mjə.loʊˈnɪm.bəs/
rhymes: -ɪmbəs
Forms: form: cumulonimbuses
form: cumulonimbi
form: cumulo-nimbus
Etymology: From Latin cumulus (“heap”) + nimbus (“cloud”).
Senses: examples: text: The one to the east (which at the moment seemed to be leaping straight out of the heart of a sinister slaty-purple patch of cumulonimbus) drained the Lake of the Hanging Glaciers; that to the west a desolate rock and ice-walled valley which was rimmed by some of the highest summits in the Selkirks.
ref: 1921, Lewis R. Freeman, chapter III, in Down the Columbia:
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: A cloud with a tall structure and flat base, often associated with thunderstorms.
Derived terms: cumulonimbiform
cumulonimbus calvus
cumulonimbus capillatus
cumulonimbus flammagenitus
cumulonimbus incus
cumulonimbus tuba
pyrocumulonimbus
Related terms: thundercloud
rain cloud
mafficking
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: maffickings
Etymology: From Mafeking (now known as Mahikeng), a city in South Africa. After the Siege of Mafeking was lifted in 1900, there were immense celebrations in Britain; the word mafficking was used to describe these celebrations.
Senses: glosses: Extravagant rejoicings of a multitude.
wikipedia: Mahikeng
Siege of Mafeking
tædium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: Archaic spelling of tedium.
Derived terms: tædium vitæ
estival
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /iːˈstaɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈiːstɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ɛˈstaɪv(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈɛstaɪv(ə)l/
rhymes: -aɪvəl
Forms: form: more estival
form: most estival
form: aestival
form: æstival
Etymology: From Middle English estival, from Old French estival, from Latin aestivalis.
Senses: examples: text: A horse, drawing a buggy, breaking his hollow iron music on the asphalt; a loud auto, a quiet auto; people in pairs, not in a hurry, scuffling, switching their weight of aestival body, talking casually; the taste hovering over them of vanilla, strawberry, pasteboard, and starched milk; the image upon them of lovers and horsemen, squared with clowns in hueless amber.
ref: 1938, James Agee, Knoxville: Summer of 1915:
synonyms: summery
summer
antonyms: hibernal
brumal
winter
wintry
glosses: Of or relating to summer.
examples: text: […] begin now to redden in abundance on the trees, and continue throughout the month, and part of the next; more particulars of which will be found in our catalogue of aestival fruits. The birds now begin to be very active in devouring the fruits, ...
ref: 1824, Thomas Forster, The Perennial Calendar, and Companion to the Almanack, page 328:
text: To the first or aestival class must also be referred a small number of early spring flowerers, such as the Alyssums and Drabas.
ref: 1880, Rugby School, “Report of the Rugby School Natural History Society”, in Natural History, Society, page 5:
text: Thalictrum purpurascens. Lactuca pulchella. Verbena stricta. The estival period begins about the tenth of June, and is characterized by the rapid diminution of the vernal bloomers rather than by the addition of the important estival flowers .
ref: 1892, Contribution[s] from the Botanical Survey of Nebraska, page 72:
text: On the other hand, many tropical flowers and a large number of estival flowers of temperate climates have more specialized structures, their nectar supply being hidden in spurs or at the base of long corolla tubes.
ref: 1911, John Merle Coulter, Henry Chandler Cowles, Ecology, page 843:
text: […] were basking near men-of-the-earth (always a morning glory) and kiss-mes and kiss-me-quicks where she was sure to contract spring fever, vulnerable as she with her romanticist heart was to get it now that estival flowers […]
ref: 2009, William Penn, Love in the Time of Flowers, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 754:
glosses: Coming forth in the summer.
Coordinate terms: autumnal
brumal
prevernal
serotinal
vernal
Related terms: estivate
sanctity
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsæŋktɪti/
Forms: form: sanctities
Etymology: From Middle English sanctity, from Old French sanctete, from Latin sānctitās.
Senses: glosses: Holiness of life or disposition; saintliness
glosses: The condition of being considered sacred; inviolability
examples: text: Or would they have it believed, that there is in their ſelves ſome ſuperior ſanctity, ſome peculiar privilege, by which theſe things are lawful to them, which are unlawful to all the world beſides?
ref: 1776, Jeremy Bentham, “A Short Review of the Declaration”, in John Lind, An Anſwer to the Declaration of the American Congress, London: Thomas Cadell, page 121:
text: […] allowed the Israeli occupation over 75 years to commit the worst crimes ever against the Palestinian people, land and sanctities.
ref: 2024 January 21, Our Narrative… Operation Al-Aqsa Flood, Hamas Media Office, archived from the original on 21 Jan 2024, page 16:
glosses: Something considered sacred.
Derived terms: odor of sanctity
odour of sanctity
tedium
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtiː.di.əm/
rhymes: -iːdiəm
Forms: form: tediums
form: tedia
form: taedium
form: tædium
Etymology: From Latin taedium, from taedēre (“to weary”).
Senses: examples: text: Yet active life was the genuine soil for his virtues; and he sometimes suffered tedium from the monotonous succession of events in our retirement.
ref: 1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter VIII, in The Last Man. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:
text: Nothing actual ever suits pure expectation and such purity of expectation is a great source of tedium.
ref: 1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 192:
glosses: Boredom or tediousness; ennui.
wikipedia: Francesco Brunery
Synonyms: word: boredom
word: drudgery
word: ennui
word: tediousness
word: acedia
word: monotony
word: sameness
word: tiresomeness
word: tedium
word: wearisomeness
Hyponyms: word: drudgery
word: ennui
Related terms: word: taedium vitae
word: tedious
word: bore
word: boring
word: wearisome
hybrid car
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈhaibɹidkɑː/
Forms: form: hybrid cars
Senses: synonyms: HEV
hybrid electric vehicle
glosses: An automobile powered by both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
glosses: A European car fitted with American components.
cumulo-nimbus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: cumulo-nimbi
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of cumulonimbus.
unbending
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ
Forms: form: more unbending
form: most unbending
Etymology: From un- + bending.
Senses: glosses: inflexible and not yielding
synonyms: word: remote
word: standoffish
word: aloof
word: cool
word: distant
word: frosty
word: hankty
word: hard-to-get
word: offish
word: quiet
word: remote
word: reserved
word: standoffish
word: strange
word: thorny
word: touch-me-not-ish
word: unapproachable
word: unbending
word: undemonstrative
word: unimpressionable
word: uninvolved
glosses: very reserved, aloof and asocial
unbending
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ
Etymology: From unbend + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of unbend
unbending
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɛndɪŋ
Forms: form: unbendings
Etymology: From unbend + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: He was a frequent visitor at Wimbledon where Mr. Wilberforce now resided, and the following account is given of his social unbendings.
ref: 1838, The Eclectic Review:
glosses: The act of one who unbends.
unbeneficed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From un- + beneficed.
Senses: glosses: not having a benefice
raw_tags: of clergy
baffie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbæfi/
rhymes: -æfi
Forms: form: baffies
form: baffy
Senses: topics: golf
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Alternative form of baffy.
examples: text: […]; the inhabitants' benign indifference to idiosyncratic behavior (the way, for example, that you could walk down the street in nothing but a pair of baffies with a budgerigar on your head and no-one would think twice of it).
ref: 2000, Kate Atkinson, Emotionally Weird, Macmillan, published 2001, →ISBN, page 40:
text: […] put him oot the door in his semmit an his baffies.
ref: 2001, Janet Paisley, Not for Glory, Canongate, →ISBN, page 241:
text: “You can’t be walking about in the muck with naught but your skirts and baffies. […]” ¶ By process of elimination I narrowed the word baffies to mean some sort of footwear.
ref: 2003, Katie MacAlister, Men in Kilts, Penguin Group, →ISBN, page 87:
glosses: A slipper, or a worn, comfortable shoe.
bancassurance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bankassurance
Etymology: From French bancassurance.
Senses: topics: business
insurance
glosses: A banking and insurance structure in which insurance is sold through the bank or the bank's distribution channels.
Related terms: bancassurer
barrulet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: barrulets
Senses: examples: text: It is crossed by a fesse argent (silver band) for the roads, and two pairs of narrow barrulets argent for the railways.
ref: 1957 February 24, “B.T.C. Armorial Bearings”, in Railway Magazine, page 81:
topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
coordinate_terms: closet
glosses: The smallest diminutive of the bar, one quarter as wide.
tis
Language: English
Part of speech: contraction
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɪz/
rhymes: -ɪz
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of 'tis.
tis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɪz/
rhymes: -ɪz
Senses: glosses: plural of ti
dipso
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪpsəʊ/
rhymes: -ɪpsəʊ
Forms: form: dipsos
Etymology: Clipping of dipsomaniac.
Senses: glosses: A dipsomaniac; an alcoholic; a drunk.
Synonyms: alco
alcoholic
souse
suck-pint
carfax
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkɑr.fæks/
ipa: /ˈkɑː.faks/
Forms: form: carfaxes
Etymology: From Middle English carfukes, an Anglicisation of Latin quadrifurcus (“four-pronged, four-forked”). Doublet of carfour.
Senses: synonyms: carfour
glosses: A junction of four roads.
glosses: The main intersection in a town.
Derived terms: Carfax
bobbysoxer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bobbysoxers
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of bobby soxer.
HYIP
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: HYIPs
Senses: examples: text: There were forums promoting promising new HYIPs; scam warnings; advice on creating one’s own Ponzi, or how to get out early enough to profit; and offers of payment to boost fraudulent schemes on the site.
ref: 2019 November 22, Nathaniel Rich, “Ponzi Schemes, Private Yachts, and a Missing $250 Million in Crypto: The Strange Tale of Quadriga”, in Vanity Fair:
glosses: Initialism of high-yield investment program: a kind of Ponzi scheme.
kick the tires and light the fires
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: kicks the tires and lights the fires
form: kicking the tires and lighting the fires
form: kicked the tires and lit the fires
form: kicked the tires and lit the fires
Etymology: From kick the tires, referring to a preflight check of the landing gear, and light the fires, referring to the ignition of the afterburners, a part of the engine which burns extra fuel for a speed boost.
Senses: examples: text: His face appears in the open window of the pilot's seat on the flight deck. He is ready. I am ready. It's time to kick the tires and light the fires.
ref: 1998, Jimmy Buffett, A Pirate Looks at Fifty (2000 Random House edition), p. 108 (Google preview)
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: To take off.
raw_tags: used by fighter pilots
Mereon
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A surname, recorded for three families in the USA and Canada.
amn't
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: note: stressed form
ipa: /ˈæm(ə)nt/
ipa: /əm(ə)nt/
rhymes: (stressed) -æmənt
Etymology: am + -n’t
Senses: examples: text: If anyone thinks that I amn’t divine,
He gets no free drinks when I’m making the wine
ref: 1904, Oliver St. John Gogarty, The Song of the Cheerful (but slightly Sarcastic) Jesus:
text: Amn’t I with you? Amn’t I your girl?
ref: 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses, →OL, ch. 15:
text: 2004 An Coimisinéir Teanga, Frequently Asked Questions
I phoned a government office but nobody there had any Irish so I couldn't do my business with them in Irish. Amn't I entitled under the Act to conduct business with any Government office in Irish?
text: Now, I’m very conscious of what I am or amn’t referencing from those eras, and I’m so comfortable with that – being a reinvention of a retro kind of thing.
ref: 2017 November 18, Al Porter, quoted in Patrick Freyne, "Al Porter: ‘After wild sex with a priest, I realised the priesthood was not for me’", The Irish Times
glosses: am not
Related terms: an’t
ain’t
aren’t
Xizang
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃiːˈzɑːŋ/
enpr: shēʹdzängʹ
Forms: form: Hsi-tsang
form: Hsitsang
Etymology: From the Hanyu Pinyin transliteration of Chinese 西藏 (Xīzàng).
Senses: examples: text: India’s National Center for Seismology reported two more earthquakes in Tibet on Monday — a 4.2 magnitude quake at 4:01 a.m. IST and a 4.5 magnitude quake at 11:49 a.m. IST. Both occurred in Gerze (Gaize) county, Xizang province.
ref: 2022 June 13, Eugene Whong, “China sets information blockade after 6.0 magnitude earthquake hits Tibetan county”, in Tenzin Dickyi, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 13 Jun 2022:
glosses: Tibet Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China.
Derived terms: Xizang Autonomous Region
Xizang Zizhiqu
Related terms: Xizang Autonomous Region
Tibet Autonomous Region
chaff
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /t͡ʃæf/
ipa: /t͡ʃɑːf/
ipa: /t͡ʃæf/
rhymes: -æf
Forms: form: chaffs
form: chaffing
form: chaffed
form: chaffed
Etymology: From Middle English chaf, from Old English ċeaf, from Proto-West Germanic *kaf. Cognate with Scots caff, Saterland Frisian Sääf, West Frisian tsjêf, Dutch kaf, German Low German Kaff, regional German Kaff.
Senses: glosses: To use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter.
examples: text: We were talking about it at mess, yesterday, and chaffing Derby Oaks—until he was as mad as a hatter.
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 10, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
text: I’ve fallen asleep on my step as the ’bus was going on, and almost fallen off. I have often to put up with insolence from vulgar fellows, who think it fun to chaff a cad, as they call it.
ref: 1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, published 1861:
text: Bobby Wick stormed through the tents of his Company, rallying, rebuking, mildly, as is consistent with the Regulations, chaffing the faint-hearted[.]
ref: 1889, Rudyard Kipling, “Only A Subaltern”, in Under the Deodars, Boston: The Greenock Press, published 1899, page 148:
synonyms: quiz
glosses: To make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language.
glosses: To cut up (straw or hay) for use as cattle feed.
Derived terms: chaffer
cybercrud
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From cyber- + crud; coined by American information technologist, philosopher, and sociologist Ted Nelson in Computer Lib (1974).
Senses: examples: text: If the signature is formatted innocuously, it just looks like cybercrud in the mail header to non-crypto-capable recipients.
ref: 2002, Charlie Kaufman, Radia Perlman, Mike Speciner, Network Security: Private Communication in a Public World, page 510:
glosses: Computer jargon that serves to obscure and confuse.
examples: text: The headaches of junk mail fiber-crud pale beside the anxieties triggered by vivid multimedia cybercrud, served up on optical disks and communication links.
ref: 1989, Personal Computing, volume 13, page 213:
glosses: Any worthless material supplied by or relating to computers.
rolling stone
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: rolling stones
Etymology: From the proverb a rolling stone gathers no moss.
Senses: examples: text: Before that they had been a good deal on the move, trekking about after the white man, who was one of those rolling stones that keep going round after a soft job.
ref: 1892, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Beach of Falesá:
text: How does it feel
To be on your own
With no direction home
Like a complete unknown
Like a rolling stone?
ref: 1965, Bob Dylan, “Like a Rolling Stone”, in Highway 61 Revisited:
glosses: A person who moves around a lot and never settles down; a vagrant.
examples: text: Papa was a rolling stone
Wherever he laid his hat was his home
And when he died, all he left us was a loan
ref: 1972, Barrett Strong, Norman Whitfield, “Papa Was a Rollin' Stone”:
glosses: A womanizer.
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A geological phenomenon where rocks move and inscribe long tracks along a smooth valley floor without animal or human intervention.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: A meteoroid.
Related terms: a rolling stone gathers no moss
piston
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: pĭs'tən
ipa: /ˈpɪstən/
rhymes: -ɪstən
Forms: form: pistons
Etymology: From French piston.
Senses: topics: engineering
mechanical-engineering
mechanics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A solid disk or cylinder that fits inside a hollow cylinder, and moves under pressure (as in an engine) or displaces fluid (as in a pump)
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A valve device in some brass instruments for changing the pitch
Derived terms: multipiston
opposed piston opposed cylinder
piston engine
pistoning
pistonless
pistonlike
pistonphone
piston ring
piston rod
piston valve
trunk piston
piston
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: pĭs'tən
ipa: /ˈpɪstən/
rhymes: -ɪstən
Forms: form: pistons
form: pistoning
form: pistoned
form: pistoned
Etymology: From French piston.
Senses: examples: text: The Latino warrior fucked like a man possessed. His lean hips powered the pistoning rod in short, vicious jabs, so rapidly that the shit-streaked cock was a blur as it pounded Captain Randall's butthole, churning the screaming soldier's ass-juices, rectal blood, and smashed turds into a slimy froth.
ref: 1991, Etienne, “In Enemy Hands”, in Drummer, number 151, page 32:
glosses: To move up and down or in and out like a piston.
importune
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmpɔːˈtjuːn/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjuːn/
ipa: /ɪmpɔɹˈtuːn/
Forms: form: importunes
form: importuning
form: importuned
form: importuned
Etymology: From Middle French importuner and its etymon Medieval Latin importūnor (“to make oneself troublesome”), from Latin importūnus (“unfit, troublesome”), originally "having no harbor".
Senses: examples: text: To deliberate, be it but in slight matters, doth importune me.
ref: 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter XVII, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
text: But I will no longer importune my young cousin.
ref: 1813 January 27, [Jane Austen], chapter XIV, in Pride and Prejudice: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 155:
glosses: To bother, irritate, trouble.
examples: text: Gentlemen, importune me no farther, / For hovv I firmly am reſolu'd you knovv: / That is, not to beſtovv my yongeſt daughter, / Before I haue a husband for the elder: […]
ref: c. 1590–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Taming of the Shrew”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], page 210, column 2, lines 50–51:
text: You were kneel'd to, & importun'd otherwiſe / By all of vs; […]
ref: 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i], page 7, column 1:
text: [W]e have been obliged to hire Troops from ſeveral Princes of the Empire, whoſe Ministers and Reſidents here, have perpetually importuned the Court with unreaſonable Demands, under which our late Miniſters thought fit to be Paſſive.
ref: 1711 December 8 (Gregorian calendar), [Jonathan Swift], The Conduct of the Allies, and of the Late Ministry, in Beginning and Carrying on the Present War, 4th edition, London: […] John Morphew […], published 1711, →OCLC, page 57:
glosses: To harass with persistent requests.
glosses: To approach to offer one's services as a prostitute, or otherwise make improper proposals.
examples: text: It importunes death.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16:
glosses: To import; to signify.
Derived terms: importunable
reimportune
unimportuned
Related terms: importunity
importune
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmpɔːˈtjuːn/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjuːn/
ipa: /ɪmpɔɹˈtuːn/
Forms: form: more importune
form: most importune
Etymology: From Middle English importune, inportune, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French importun and its etymon Classical Latin importūnus.
Senses: examples: text: And therewithall he fiercely at him flew, / And with importune outrage him assayld [...].
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
glosses: Grievous, severe, exacting.
glosses: Inopportune; unseasonable.
examples: text: And their importune fates all satisfide.
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto III”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 44:
text: Of all other affections it [envy] is the most importune and continual.
ref: 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Envy”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
glosses: Troublesome; vexatious; persistent.
Derived terms: importunely
Related terms: importunate
importune
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmpɔːˈtjuːn/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjuːn/
ipa: /ɪmpɔɹˈtuːn/
Forms: form: importunes
Etymology: From Middle English importune, inportune, from Anglo-Norman and Middle French importun and its etymon Classical Latin importūnus.
Senses: examples: text: And yet in ſome Courts it is otherwiſe vſed, for in Spaine it is thought very vndecent for a Courtier to craue, ſuppoſing that it is the part of an importune: […]
ref: 1589, [George Puttenham], “Of Decencie in Behauiour Which Also Belongs to the Consideration of the Poet or Maker”, in The Arte of English Poesie. […], London: […] Richard Field, […], →OCLC, pages 247–248:
text: Which ſhew that importunate People will affirm any Thing, to ſerve Turns, though never fo ſenſeleſs; hoping ſome, that underſtand little, or are very willing, will give credit upon their Authority: And, if Juſtice muſt ſtay till ſuch Importunes are ſatisfied, there’s a ne plus ultra of all Law.
ref: a. 1735, Roger North, “The Times Clearing Up, and How”, in Examen: or, An Enquiry into the Credit and Veracity of a Pretended Complete History; […], London: […] Fletcher Gyles […], published 1740, →OCLC, part III, page 644:
text: The Priests of the Holy Land sent me a letter he had written them about me thanking them for their civility to me, & desiring they wd. serve me in every thing &c, therefore these confounded importunes laid themselves at my feet, but his letter was admirable, nobody ever saw such a thing, his coats of Arms printed upon a paper as large as a gazette extraordinary and full as large as my hand open!!!
ref: 1813 August 12, Lady Hester Stanhope, The Nun of Lebanon: The Love Affair of Lady Hester Stanhope and Michael Bruce: Their Newly Discovered Letters, London: Collins […], published 1951, →OCLC, page 282:
glosses: Synonym of importuner.
synonyms: word: importuner
importunate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjʊnət/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹt͡ʃənət/
Forms: form: more importunate
form: most importunate
Etymology: First attested in 1477, in Middle english; from Latin importūnus + -ate (adjective-forming suffix), modelled on Middle French importuné. By surface analysis, importune + -ate. The noun was substantivized from the adjective, see -ate (noun-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Nick was on the point of declaring again that he was a humbug, so vivid was his inner sense of what he thought of his factitious public utterances, which had the cursed property of creating dreadful responsibilities and importunate credulities for him.
ref: 1889–1890, Henry James, The Tragic Muse […], volume (please specify the page), Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company […], published 7 June 1890, →OCLC:
text: Trembling in every limb I raise my loud im­portunate cry,
And in a sacred terror wait the Delian god’s reply.
ref: 1928, W[illiam] B[utler] Yeats, Sophocles’ King Oedipus: A Version of the Modern Stage, London: Macmillan and Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: Persistent or pressing, often annoyingly so.
raw_tags: of a demand
glosses: Given to importunate demands, greedily or thoughtlessly demanding.
raw_tags: of a person
Derived terms: importunately
importunateness
unimportunate
Related terms: importune
importunate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjʊnət/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹt͡ʃənət/
Forms: form: importunates
Etymology: First attested in 1477, in Middle english; from Latin importūnus + -ate (adjective-forming suffix), modelled on Middle French importuné. By surface analysis, importune + -ate. The noun was substantivized from the adjective, see -ate (noun-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: This will put an Answer into the Kings mouth, against all importunates.
ref: 1751 (written 1641), John Pym, “A Worthy Speech spoken in Parliament, by Mr. Pym, concerning evil Counsellors about his Majesty”, in A Collection of Scarce and Valuable Tracts, on the Most Interesting and Entertaining Subjects, volume 1, page 306:
glosses: An importuner.
importunate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjʊnət/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹt͡ʃənət/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjuːneɪt/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹtjuːneɪt/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtjʊnət/
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹt͡ʃənət/
Forms: form: importunates
form: importunating
form: importunated
form: importunated
Etymology: First attested in 1574; adapted borrowing of French importuner (“to bother, disturb”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: All which notwithstanding, I obtained licence at length to make my supplication to the noble Parliament house; but I could find no messengers till Sir John Seton went, whom I importunated daily to obtain me favor for my return home again.
ref: 1581 June 23, Thomas Churchyard, letter to Sir Christopher Hatton, in Sir Harris Nicolas (editor), Memoirs of the Life and Times of Sir Christopher Hatton, K.G., Richard Bentley (publisher, 1847), page 173
text: Is my work ended? The fear of importunating my friends answers, “Yes.”
ref: 1847 December 18, N. Roussel, “Spiritual Destitution of Paris.—Appeal to British Christians”, in Evangelical Christendom: Its State and Prospects, Volume II (1848), Partridge and Oakey, page 43
text: It is the concrete that impresses, that importunates until it influences—in writing as in everything else.
ref: 1910 July, David Leslie Brown, “The Need of To-day”, in Sunset, Volume 25, Southern Pacific Company, reverse of frontispiece
glosses: To importune, or to obtain by importunity.
pycnocline
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pycnoclines
Etymology: From pycno- + -cline.
Senses: examples: The bay has fresher water at the surface and saltier water at the bottom, in between is the pycnocline.
glosses: A boundary layer in a body of water between areas of different temperature or salinity.
glosses: A layer of water where the density changes rapidly with depth
Related terms: thermocline
halocline
unbiased
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unbiased
form: most unbiased
Etymology: From un- + biased.
Senses: glosses: Not biased.
examples: text: A self-proclaimed source of mediation and unbiased ratings of millions of businesses across the country, the BBB receives the majority of its revenue from membership fees paid by hundreds of thousands of companies.
ref: 2015 September 30, Blake Ellis and Melanie Hicken, “How the Better Business Bureau rakes in millions”, in CNN Business:
text: The methodology, which we have named the Aural-Oral Transect (AOT), is a systematic, easy-to-implement, unbiased way of collecting quantitative data on spoken language use in multilingual settings.
ref: 2019, Li Huang, James Lambert, “Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI, page 1:
synonyms: word: disinterested
word: objective
word: candid
word: cold
word: clinical
word: detached
word: egal
word: equal
word: equitable
word: evenhanded
word: fairhanded
word: fair-minded
word: disinterested
word: dispassionate
word: impartial
word: imprejudicate
word: indifferent
word: indistinguishing
word: neuter
word: neutral
word: nonaligned
word: nonpartial
word: nonpartisan
word: nonpersonal
word: objective
word: unbiased
word: unbigoted
word: uninterested
word: unpartial
word: unpartisan
word: unprejudiced
word: unprepossessed
glosses: Impartial or without bias or prejudice.
Related terms: unbiasedness
unbidden
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌnˈbɪd.ən/
Etymology: From un- + bidden.
Senses: glosses: not invited, requested or asked for
unblemished
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unblemished
form: most unblemished
form: unblemisht
Etymology: From un- + blemished.
Senses: glosses: Lacking blemishes; faultless.
examples: text: His own estate it most decidedly was, for he had paid for it with his own money; but it had not descended to him from a long line of unblemished ancestry.
ref: 1865, Florence Marryat, “Rex Reverdon”, in “Too Good for Him.” […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 1:
glosses: Free from corruption or evil.
unbreakable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more unbreakable
form: most unbreakable
Etymology: From un- + break + -able.
Senses: examples: text: unbreakable comb
text: His 14 singles titles still look like a typo even for those like me who have watched him build that probably unbreakable record, red brick by red brick.
ref: 2023 May 18, Christopher Clarey, “Even as He’s Out, Rafael Nadal Will Always Be a Part of the French Open”, in The New York Times:
synonyms: infrangible
hypernyms: tough
glosses: Difficult or impossible to break and therefore able to withstand rough usage.
examples: text: the unbreakable spirit of the rebels
glosses: Resilient.
glosses: Not able to be broken in.
raw_tags: of a horse
Derived terms: sticks in a bundle are unbreakable
unbreakability
unbreakableness
unbreakably
Related terms: word: unbroken
sense: horses or rebels
word: free-spirited
sense: horses or rebels
word: indominable
sense: horses or rebels
word: invincible
sense: horses or rebels
word: willful
unbreakable
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: unbreakables
Etymology: From un- + break + -able.
Senses: glosses: Something that cannot be broken.
unburden
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -ɜː(ɹ)dən
Forms: form: unburdens
form: unburdening
form: unburdened
form: unburdened
Etymology: From un- + burden.
Senses: glosses: To free from burden, or relieve from trouble.
Synonyms: empty
Related terms: disburden
disturbance
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈstɜːbəns/
ipa: [dɪˈstɜːbn̩s]
ipa: /dɪˈstɝbəns/
ipa: [dɪˈstɝbn̩s]
note: Indic
ipa: /ˈɖɪsʈə(r)bəns/
Forms: form: disturbances
form: disturbaunce
Etymology: From Middle English disturbaunce, from Old French destorbance, destourbance, from destourber (“disturb”), from Latin disturbō. By surface analysis, disturb + -ance.
Senses: glosses: The act of disturbing, being disturbed.
examples: text: That guy causes a lot of trouble, you know, he’s such a disturbance.
glosses: Something that disturbs.
glosses: A noisy commotion that causes a hubbub or interruption.
examples: text: Phoenix and Lubbock are both caught in severe drought, and it is going to get much worse. We may see many such [dust] storms in the decades ahead, along with species extinctions, radical disturbance of ecosystems, and intensified social conflict over land and water. Welcome to the Anthropocene, the epoch when humans have become a major geological and climatic force.
ref: 2012 January 24, Donald Worster, “A Drier and Hotter Future”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 1, archived from the original on 26 Jan 2012, page 70:
text: Blue No. 1 and yellow No. 6 may also be toxic to some human cells. And as little as 1 milligram of yellow dye No. 5 may cause irritability, restlessness and sleep disturbances for sensitive children.
ref: 2025 March 29, Kristen Rogers, “Over half of US states are trying to eliminate food dyes. Here’s what you can do now”, in CNN:
glosses: An interruption of that which is normal or regular.
topics: human-sciences
psychology
sciences
glosses: A serious mental imbalance or illness.
Derived terms: antidisturbance
disturbance regime
indisturbance
ipseity disturbance
nondisturbance
predisturbance
redisturbance
undisturbance
umpteenth
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌmp.tiːnθ/
rhymes: -iːnθ stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn
Etymology: From umpteen + -th.
Senses: examples: text: That's the umpteenth time I've had to tell him not to swear in front of the children.
text: For the umpteenth time, I chickened.
ref: 1964, Max Shulman, Anyone Got a Match?, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Row, →OCLC, page 31:
qualifier: often slightly derogatory
glosses: Occurring in a relatively large but unspecified position in a sequence.
Synonyms: nth
umpty-umpth
somethingth
Related terms: umpteen
nth
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: ĕnth
ipa: /ɛnθ/
rhymes: -ɛnθ
Etymology: From n + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: Occurring at position n in a sequence.
examples: text: Shea had just beaten me at chess, as usual, and, also as usual, I had gleaned what questionable satisfaction I might by twitting him with this indication of failing mentality by calling his attention to the nth time to that theory, propounded by certain scientists, which is based upon the assertion that phenomenal chess players are always found to be from the ranks of children under twelve, adults over seventy-two or the mentally defective.
ref: 1922, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Prelude”, in The Chessmen of Mars:
synonyms: umpteenth
glosses: Occurring at a relatively large but unspecified position in a series.
Derived terms: to the nth degree
nth
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ĕnth
ipa: /ɛnθ/
rhymes: -ɛnθ
Forms: form: nths
Etymology: From n + -th (ordinal suffix).
Senses: topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The item at position n in a sequence.
examples: text: This is, after all, not strange, for none of them had either knowledge or experience in Occult matters, whereas for over thirty years I have made a special study of this subject, and have gone to and fro over the earth investigating to the nth all records of Spiritual Phenomena.
ref: 1909, Bram Stoker, The Lady of the Shroud:
glosses: The item in a relatively large but unspecified position in a series.
Caucasian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kɔːˈkeɪ.ʒən/
ipa: /-ʃən/
ipa: /kɔːˈkeɪ.zɪ.ən/
ipa: /kɔˈkeɪ.ʒən/
ipa: /kɑˈkeɪ.ʒən/
rhymes: -eɪʒən
rhymes: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: Caucasians
form: caucasian
Etymology: From Caucasus (“mountain range in Eastern Europe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea”) + -ian (suffix forming adjectives with the sense ‘from, related to, or like’, or forming nouns with the sense ‘one from, belonging to, relating to, or like’). The anthropological sense (no longer regarded as scientific) was popularized by the German anthropologist and physician Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752–1840), based on the belief that the first humans originated from there.
Noun sense 2 (“cocktail”) was popularized by the film The Big Lebowski (1998): see the quotation.
Senses: glosses: A native or inhabitant of the Caucasus.
examples: text: I'll go out and mingle. Jesus, you mix a hell of a Caucasian, Jackie.
ref: 1998 January 18, Joel and Ethan Coen, The Big Lebowski (motion picture), spoken by Jeffrey (“The Dude”) Lebowski (Jeff Bridges):
qualifier: alcoholic beverages
glosses: Synonym of White Russian (“a cocktail consisting of coffee liqueur, milk, and vodka”).
synonyms: word: White Russian
extra: a cocktail consisting of coffee liqueur, milk, and vodka
topics: anthropology
human-sciences
sciences
glosses: A member of the Caucasian racial classification (adjective sense 2).
topics: human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
glosses: A group of languages spoken in the Caucasus region.
examples: text: The male Caucasian, twenty-four, a skier, was said to have been missing for over three hours.
ref: 2008, Ridley Pearson, chapter 2, in Killer View, Jove premium edition, New York, N.Y.: Jove Books, published 2009, →ISBN:
synonyms: word: ang moh
word: Angrez
word: balanda
word: béké
word: bule
word: Caucasian
word: cracker
word: cumskin
word: farang
word: firangi
word: gringo
word: gora
word: gussuk
word: gweilo
word: haole
word: honky
word: hoogie
word: hoojah
word: ice monkey
word: ivory
word: joganosh
word: kabloona
word: laowai
word: leucoderm
word: mayo
word: mayonnaise face
word: melanin-challenged
word: migaloo
word: mlungu
word: mzungu
word: ofay
word: oyinbo
word: paddy
word: Pakeha
word: paleface
word: pigskin
word: pinky
word: roundeye
word: saltine
raw_tags: for cracker
word: snow bunny
word: toubab
word: umlungu
word: vazaha
word: white
word: white bread
word: white devil
word: whiteface
word: white man
word: whitey
word: wigger
word: wonderbread
word: Yankee
glosses: A white person.
Derived terms: word: Northeast Caucasian
word: South Caucasian
matutinal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /məˈtjuːtɪnl̩/
ipa: /-ˈt͡ʃuː-/
ipa: /ˌmætjʊˈtaɪnl̩/
ipa: /-ˈt͡ʃʊ-/
ipa: /məˈt(j)utənl̩/
ipa: [-ɾə-]
ipa: /ˈmæt͡ʃəˌtaɪn(ə)l/
rhymes: -aɪnəl
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French matutinal (modern French matutinal), and from its etymon Late Latin mātūtīnālis (“(adjective) belonging to the morning; of or pertaining to matins; (noun) morning hymn or psalm; book of lauds”), from Latin mātūtīnus (“of, occurring in, or pertaining to the early morning, matutine”) (from Mātūta (“Roman goddess of the dawn or morning”) (from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (“to mature, ripen; opportune, timely; good, great”)) + -īnus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’) + -ālis (suffix forming adjectives of relationship). The second sense (“active in the morning; waking up early”) is possibly modelled after French matinal (“relating to the morning, matinal”).
Senses: examples: text: 1874, Henry James, "Professor Fargo" in The Galaxy 18(2) (August 1874): 233–253.
[A] young lady was introduced who had come to request him to raise a ghost—a resolute young lady, with several ringlets and a huge ancestral umbrella, whose matutinal appetite for the supernatural had not been quenched by the raw autumnal storm.
text: 'Top 'o the mornin' to ye!' he called to Flory in a hearty matutinal voice, putting on an Irish accent.
ref: 1934, George Orwell, Burmese Days:
synonyms: word: matinal
word: matitudinal
word: matutinary
word: matutine
glosses: Of, occurring in, or relating to the morning, especially the early morning upon waking up.
examples: text: Pen, putting on his hat, strode forth into the air, and almost over the body of the matutinal housemaid, who was rubbing the steps at the door.
ref: 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
text: Certain other plants agree with certain other kinds of birds in being peculiarly matutinal. Go out as early as we will, we find the delicate white bells of the wild convolvulus in the dewy hedge, […] just as we are never too soon for the chaffinch, the blackbird, and the lark.
ref: 1866, Leo Hartley Grindon, Life, Its Nature, Varieties, & Phenomena, page 307:
glosses: Active in the morning; waking up early.
Hypernyms: crepuscular
Coordinate terms: diurnal
nocturnal
vespertine
Derived terms: matutinally
gaiety
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡeɪ.ə.ti/
ipa: /ˈɡeɪ.ɪ.ti/
rhymes: -eɪɪti
Forms: form: gaieties
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French gaieté, from gai. By surface analysis, gay + -ety.
Senses: examples: text: There was much gaiety at the ball.
text: The decorations added greatly to the gaiety of the room.
text: During the present gayety of the house, however, the poor girl has gone about with a face full of trouble, and to use the housekeeper's words, "has fallen into a sad hystericky way lately."
ref: 1822 May 21, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Love Charms”, in Bracebridge Hall, or The Humourists. A Medley. […], volume I, New York, N.Y.: […] C. S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, page 218:
text: Now that she had rested and had fed from the luncheon tray Mrs. Broome had just removed, she had reverted to her normal gaiety. She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet.
ref: 1963, Margery Allingham, “Dangerous Lady”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 36:
synonyms: word: gayfulness
word: gayness
word: blitheness
word: blithesomeness
word: cheerfulness
word: cheeriness
word: contentness
word: contentedness
word: delight
word: delightedness
word: elatedness
word: elation
word: exuberance
word: exuberantness
word: felicity
word: gaiety
word: gayness
word: gayfulness
word: gladness
word: gladsomeness
word: glee
word: gleefulness
word: gleesomeness
word: happiness
word: high spirits
word: hilarity
word: jolliness
word: jollity
word: joviality
word: jovialness
word: joy
word: joyfulness
word: joyousness
word: liss
word: merriment
word: merriness
word: mirth
word: mirthfulness
word: pleasedness
glosses: The state of being happy or merry.
examples: text: And he would tell her all sorts of wonders, old-world gaieties, long before she was born; and how finely the great Mr. [George Frideric] Handel played upon the harpischord^([sic]) in the Music Hall, and how his talk was in German, Latin, French, English, Italian, and half-a-dozen languages beside, […]
ref: 1863, J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, “How an Evening Passes at the Elms, and Dr. Toole Makes a Little Excursion; and Two Choice Spirits Discourse, and Hebe Trips In with the Nectar”, in The House by the Church-yard. […], volume II, London: Tinsley, Brothers, […], →OCLC, pages 275–276:
glosses: Merrymaking or festivity.
Synonyms: sense: state of being happy
word: gayness