cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
jalopy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒəˈlɒ.pi/
Forms: form: jalopies
Etymology: Unknown. Perhaps from Jalapa, Mexico (now Xalapa), to whose scrapyards used cars were often sent from New Orleans starting in the 1920s. First recorded written use in 1924.
Senses: examples: text: Dean is the perfect guy for the road because he was actually born on the road, when his parents were passing through Salt Lake City in 1926, in a jalopy, on their way to Los Angeles.
ref: 1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 1, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC:
text: "We ran into some real excitement," Frank said, and told his father the whole story of Chet's missing jalopy, the wrecked car which they suspected had been a stolen one also, and the attempted holdup at the ferryboat office.
ref: 1959 [1927 June 1], Franklin W. Dixon, The Hardy Boys 01: The Tower Treasure, page 20:
text: There's only a rough track and I doubt if that jalopy of yours will make it.
ref: 2003, Terrance Dicks, Barry Letts, chapter 22, in Deadly Reunion:
text: Through most of those early years of restless travel, he dragged his two children and his long-suffering wife, Maryann[…] behind him like tin cans tied to the bumper of a jalopy that no car dealer in his right mind would take in trade.
ref: 2009 November 20, Stephen King, “Raymond Carver’s Life and Stories”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
synonyms: word: banger
word: beater
word: banger
word: beater
word: bucket of bolts
word: bucket of rust
word: clunker
word: crate
word: crock
word: flivver
word: hooptie
word: jalopy
word: junker
word: lemon
word: old banger
word: rattletrap
word: rustbucket
word: shed
word: shitbox
word: shitpot
word: shitcan
word: shitbucket
word: tin Lizzie
word: wreck
glosses: An old, dilapidated or unpretentious automobile.
glosses: A hip, cool, groovy automobile.
Related terms: word: jalapeño
jejune
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒəˈdʒuːn/
ipa: /d͡ʒiˈdʒuːn/
ipa: /ʒəˈʒuːn/
rhymes: -uːn
Forms: form: more jejune
form: most jejune
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin iēiūnus (“fasting”).
Senses: glosses: Not nutritious.
synonyms: dry
insipid
poor
glosses: Lacking matter; empty; devoid of substance.
raw_tags: of a speech or an argument
examples: text: I have often wondered why some late Writers should sensure Tully's Letters for being too naked and jejune, when that to his Friend Lucceius, which the Reader will find in this Collection, is a plain Demonstration to the contrary?
ref: 1702, Thomas Brown, Select Epistles or Letters out of M. Tullius Cicero; and the best Roman, Greek and French Authors both Ancient and Modern:
text: This renders the recognition of alternatives a paramount necessity for a logic of discovery, which can no longer dismiss them with a jejune chapter on 'disjunctive propositions'.
ref: 1917, Charles Joseph Singer, Studies in the History and Method of Science:
text: He laid the brush aside and, laughing with delight, cried: -Will he come? The jejune Jesuit.
ref: 1922, James Joyce, Ulysses:
text: Doubtless, too, both grammarians and philosophers have been aware that it is by no means easy to distinguish even questions, commands, and so on from statements by means of the few and jejune grammatical marks available, such as word order, mood, and the like : though perhaps it has not been usual to dwell on the difficulties which this fact obviously raises.
ref: 1955, J.L. Austin, How To Do Things With Words:
text: Gradus had long been a member of all sorts of jejune leftist organizations.
ref: 1962, Vladimir Nabokov, Pale Fire:
text: The debates are necessary and, even at their most jejune, not totally without worth.
ref: 1969, G. R. Elton, The Practice of History:
text: Sonja (Diane Keaton): That is incredibly jejune. / Boris (Woody Allen): That's jejune? You have the temerity to say that I'm talking to you out of jejunosity? I am one of the most june people in all of the Russias!"
ref: 1975, Woody Allen, Love And Death (motion picture):
text: I went to the cinema not for entertainment, but for cinematography. For it was only by studying the precise rake of extra-long pans, the trajectory of tracking shots and the jejune emotional appeal of the jump-cut, that I could add to the repertoire of my own internal shoots.
ref: 1993, Will Self, My Idea of Fun:
synonyms: word: artless
word: callow
word: childlike
word: clueless
word: credulous
word: dewy-eyed
word: cute
raw_tags: used ironically
word: fleeceable
word: green
word: guileless
word: ingenuous
word: innocent
word: jejune
word: Panglossian
word: Panglossic
word: quaint
raw_tags: used ironically
word: simple
word: simple-hearted
word: simple-minded
word: starry-eyed
word: unaffected
word: undesigning
word: unpretentious
word: unsophisticated
word: untested
word: unworldly
word: wide-eyed
word: immature
word: born yesterday
word: wet behind the ears
word: virgin
glosses: Naive; simplistic.
Derived terms: jejunely
jejuneness
jejunity
jejunosity
Related terms: jejunum
jerker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -ɜː(ɹ)kə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jerkers
Etymology: From jerk + -er.
Senses: glosses: A North American river chub, a hornyhead chub (Nocomis biguttatus).
glosses: Someone or something that jerks.
Derived terms: circle jerker
soda jerker
tear-jerker
tearjerker
Jess
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: jĕs
ipa: /d͡ʒɛs/
rhymes: -ɛs
Etymology: Clipping of Jesse, Jessica, and Jessamy.
Senses: glosses: A diminutive of the male given name Jesse.
examples: text: ‘Now then Kit,’ said Mr Parkinson, ‘look sharp! Help Jess up. Where has she got to?’ ‘Here I am!’ said Jessamy breathlessly as “helped” rather to vigorously from behind by Kit, she arrived on her knees on the floor of the dog cart.
ref: 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 58:
text: ‘It’s almost as if we’ve gone silly with happiness,’ said Marcus two days later. ‘Everyone in the house going round grinning like a lot of Cheshire Cats! The family I mean.’ ‘And Jess,’ said Kitto quickly. ‘Oh well, Jess is as good as family,’ said Fanny comfortably. Jessamy said nothing, but she looked up quickly and her smile would have rivalled any Cheshire Cat.
ref: 1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 127:
text: That's because officials say government systems can't currently incorporate the diacritic marks — the accents and symbols used to change the meaning and pronunciation of words — that Jess H̓áust̓i considers an essential part of her Indigenous surname.
ref: 2021 July 8, Betsy Trumpener, “Heiltsuk woman unable to restore Indigenous surname on ID because system can't handle its spelling”, in CBC News, archived from the original on 10 Dec 2024:
glosses: A diminutive of the female given names Jessica or Jessamy.
jessed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From jess + -ed.
Senses: glosses: Having jesses on, as a hawk.
jig
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: jĭg
ipa: /d͡ʒɪɡ/
homophone: gig (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -ɪɡ
Forms: form: jigs
form: jigging
form: jigged
form: jigged
Etymology: Unknown. Derivation from Middle English gyge (“fiddle”), from Old French gigue (“a fiddle”) has been proposed, but the connection and sense development are obscure. The sense “a type of dance” of modern French gigue is borrowed from English.
Senses: examples: text: The guests were jigging around on the dance floor.
glosses: To move briskly, especially as a dance.
examples: text: the candle-flame stretched itself tall, and began jigging up and down.
ref: 1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles:
text: […]and the fin would jig off slowly, as if it were looking for nothing at all.
ref: 1893, Rudyard Kipling, The White Seal:
glosses: To move with a skip or rhythm; to move with vibrations or jerks.
topics: fishing
hobbies
lifestyle
glosses: To fish with a jig.
examples: text: No, my complete master, but to jig off a tune at the tongue’s end, canary to it with your feet, humor it with turning up your eyelids,
ref: c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:
glosses: To sing to the tune of a jig.
examples: text: Make thy moan to ballad singers and rhymers ; they'll jig out thy wretchedness and abominations to new tunes
ref: 1633, Iohn Ford [i.e., John Ford], Loues Sacrifice. A Tragedie […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for Hugh Beeston, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page):
glosses: To trick or cheat; to cajole; to delude.
topics: business
mining
glosses: To sort or separate, as ore in a jigger or sieve.
glosses: To cut or form, as a piece of metal, in a jigging machine.
glosses: To skip school or be truant (Australia, Canadian Maritimes)
Derived terms: jig up
rejig
jig
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: jĭg
ipa: /d͡ʒɪɡ/
homophone: gig (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -ɪɡ
Forms: form: jigs
Etymology: Probably a clipping of jigaboo, of uncertain origin, perhaps an African/Bantu word. Alternatively, jigaboo may be derived from jig (“dance”).
Senses: examples: text: “You got a new jig, huh?” The boy looked out at Jones through his swirls of oiled hair. “What happened to the last one? He die or something?”
ref: 1963 (date written), John Kennedy Toole, A Confederacy of Dunces, London: Penguin Books, published 1980 (1981 printing), →ISBN:
text: This type of pickpocket, it should be noted, is passing from the scene; most class cannons now operating are old-timers. “The only youngsters I see breaking in on the whiz are jigs, and they are coining a bebop lingo that is something. […]
ref: 2003, David W. Maurer, Whiz Mob, page 40:
text: “…Lucky for me he wasn’t a jig, otherwise I couldn’t have done it.”
“Jig?”
“Nigger. Afro American.” His voice was heavy with sarcasm.
ref: 2011, Andrew Lithgow, Retribution, →ISBN, page 228:
glosses: A black person.
jigger
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡə/
rhymes: -ɪɡə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jiggers
form: jiggering
form: jiggered
form: jiggered
Etymology: From jig + -er (agent suffix). Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary suggests a possible link to Old High German gīga (“fiddle”).
Senses: examples: text: You'll have to jigger it from the original specifications to get it to work.
glosses: To alter or adjust, particularly in ways not originally intended.
qualifier: pottery
glosses: To use a jigger.
examples: text: He could jigger the ball o'er a steeple tall as most men would jigger a cop.
ref: 1899, Carlyle Smith, “The Secret of Golf”, in Harper's Magazine:
glosses: To move, send, or drive with a jerk; to jerk; also, to drive or send over with a jerk, as a golf ball.
Synonyms: sense: use a pottery jigger
word: jolley
Derived terms: jiggerer
jiggered
Related terms: fudge
tweak
jigger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡə/
rhymes: -ɪɡə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jiggers
Etymology: Likely a corruption of chigoe. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary suggests a possible derivation from Wolof jiga (“insect”).
Senses: glosses: A sandflea, Tunga penetrans, of the order Siphonaptera; chigoe.
glosses: A larva of any of several mites in the family Trombiculidae; chigger, harvest mite.
jigger
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡə/
rhymes: -ɪɡə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jiggers
form: gigger
form: gyger
form: jegger
Etymology: A slang term of unknown origin, originally meaning prison. Oxford English Dictionary suggests that its origin might be the same as Etymology 1, above.
Senses: examples: text: According to a disciplinary notice, a correctional officer saw a "jigger string" coming from cell H-2 to Harper's cell. A jigger string is used to move objects between cells.
ref: 1990, “Supreme Court of Iowa”, in Court Listener, Harper v. State, 463 N.W.2d 418 (Iowa 1990):
glosses: A prison; a jail cell.
examples: text: "It's jus' through this jigger and round the back of the next block." She hurried through the alleyway in front of me; the pressing back-yard walls prevented anything more than single file.
ref: 1967, Peter Madden, “The Supreme Winnower”, in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, volume 301, William Blackwood, →OCLC, page 178:
qualifier: Liverpool
glosses: An alleyway separating the backs of two rows of houses.
examples: text: Well, they saw a little boy on the street and his penis was hanging out and they said his "jigger" was hanging out, and I said, "Well, maybe his mother didn't tell him differently."
ref: 1931, Chloe Owings, A Research in Parental Sex Education, University of Minnesota Press, →OCLC, page 245:
glosses: The penis.
examples: text: A tiny pulse from Lisette's thigh beat under my ear: stroke, stroke, stroke. I contemplated the thick red bush of her jigger, so close to my face.
ref: 2002, Nalo Hopkinson, “Paris, 1842”, in Elizabeth Ruth, editor, Bent on Writing: Contemporary Queer Tales, Toronto: Women's Press, →ISBN, page 23:
glosses: A vagina.
examples: text: On getting to the top of the stair, to my disappointment there was a padlock upon the garret jigger; I wheep't out my chive, broke it up, and picked the padlock with the back-spring.
ref: 1821, David Haggart, The Life of David Haggart, page 98:
text: "Crash the cull—down with him—down with him before he dubs the jigger. Tip him the degan, Fib, fake him through and through; if he pikes we shall all be scragged."
ref: 1828, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, chapter LXXXIII, in Pelham: or The Adventures of a Gentleman, page 402:
qualifier: thieves' cant
glosses: A door.
glosses: An illegal distillery.
examples: text: Sizing up the padlock, Mac slapped at a webbing pocket for his lock jiggers, but felt nothing.
ref: 2010, Mark Abernethy, Second Strike, →ISBN, page 19:
text: The question is, where did he get this jigger from? You don't buy them at ironmongers, you know.' He handled the bright instrument lovingly. As he moved the handles the two tiny levers opened and shut like the mandibles of a Picasso crab.
ref: 2012, Michael Gilbert, Sky High, →ISBN, page 183:
glosses: Ellipsis of jigger gun (“lock pick”).
Synonyms: sense: alleyway
word: alley
Derived terms: english: jailer
translation: jailer
word: jigger-dubber
jigger
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡɚ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɪɡə/
rhymes: -ɪɡə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jiggers
form: jiggering
form: jiggered
form: jiggered
form: gigger
form: gyger
form: jegger
Etymology: A slang term of unknown origin, originally meaning prison. Oxford English Dictionary suggests that its origin might be the same as Etymology 1, above.
Senses: examples: text: ...offering to swear an alibi for the prisoner [...] to ensure an acquittal. Terms: £50 for value received. No pay if jiggered.
ref: 1870, J.T. Campion, “Billy in the Bowl”, in The Shamrock, volume 8, page 107:
glosses: To imprison.
examples: text: jigger me, but I think you be turning jest into earnest,
ref: 1831, John Banim, The Smuggler, page 231:
text: It had always been his habit to say, "I will be jiggered," but this time he said, "I am jiggered."
ref: 1887, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Little Lord Fauntleroy, page 173:
glosses: To confound; to damn.
Jill
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: jill
homophone: gill
Etymology: A variant of Gill, diminutive of Gillian, a medieval form of Juliana, ultimately from Latin.
Senses: examples: text: "Just Jill, I'm afraid." "Would you prefer if it was Gillian?" "Oh, I think so. Gillian sounds so much fancier." "Fancy?" Terrence said. He smiled at her. "Or perhaps it sounds flashy?" "Royal," Richard said. "Flowery," Terrence added. "You could say Gillian was more flowery. That would fit. What about you, Corrie, what does it sound like to you?" "Rich," Corrie glanced at Jill. "Gillian sounds richer than Jill."
ref: 1994, Floyd Skloot, Summer Blue, Story Line Press,, →ISBN, page 98:
text: First lady Jill Biden on Wednesday spoke candidly about her new life, lamenting the enormous pressure a first lady can face.
ref: 2021 October 20, Kate Bennett, “Jill Biden speaks candidly about being a first lady: ‘Nothing can prepare you’”, in CNN:
glosses: A female given name from Latin.
glosses: A female given name from Latin.
Clipping of Jillian.
examples: text: Our wooing doth not end like an old play;
Jack hath not Jill; these ladies' courtesy
Might well have made our sport a comedy.
ref: c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:
glosses: A generic use for any female (as Sheila in Australian English), especially paired (since the 15th c., compare Ienken and Iulyan) with the male Jack.
Derived terms: jillstrap
Jill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
homophone: jill
homophone: gill
Forms: form: Jills
Etymology: A variant of Gill, diminutive of Gillian, a medieval form of Juliana, ultimately from Latin.
Senses: glosses: A young woman; a sweetheart; like the variant spelling Gill it was also associated with various assertive uses of the term flirt, as in flurt-gills (used by William Shakespeare for a 'woman of light or loose behavior').
glosses: A jillstrap: the female counterpart to a jockstrap.
jilt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɪlt/
rhymes: -ɪlt
Forms: form: jilts
Etymology: Contraction of jillet (“a giddy girl, a jill-flirt”).
Senses: examples: text: And has she been long a Jilt? has she practiſed the Trade for any Time?
ref: 1683, Thomas Otway, The Soldiers Fortune:
glosses: A woman who readily casts aside her lover.
jilt
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɪlt/
rhymes: -ɪlt
Forms: form: jilts
form: jilting
form: jilted
form: jilted
Etymology: Contraction of jillet (“a giddy girl, a jill-flirt”).
Senses: examples: text: Tell a man passionately in love, that he is jilted; bring a score of witnesses of the falsehood of his mistress, it is ten to one but three kind words of hers shall invalidate all their testimonies.
ref: 1689 (indicated as 1690), [John Locke], chapter 4, in An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. […], London: […] Eliz[abeth] Holt, for Thomas Basset, […], →OCLC, book I, page 20:
text: The humor of my proposition appealed more strongly to Miss Trevor than I had looked for, and from that time forward she became her old self again; for, even after she had conquered her love for the Celebrity, the mortification of having been jilted by him remained.
ref: 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter VIII, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
glosses: To cast off capriciously or unfeelingly, as a lover; to deceive in love.
Derived terms: jiltee
jilter
jiltish
joggle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɒɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɔɡ.əl/
rhymes: -ɒɡəl
Forms: form: joggles
form: joggling
form: joggled
form: joggled
Etymology: From jog (verb) + -le (frequentative suffix).
Senses: examples: text: Little Elephant sighed because he felt ready to burst and he didn't see how he could eat any pudding, and he'd been waiting all day for that pudding. So he got up and trotted around the table ten times to joggle down his turkey. He must make room for the Christmas pudding!
ref: 1938, Heluiz Chandler Washburne, Little Elephant's Christmas:
glosses: To shake slightly; to push suddenly but slightly, so as to cause to shake or totter; to jostle; to jog.
glosses: To shake or totter; to slip out of place.
Derived terms: joggler
joggly
joggle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɒɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɔɡ.əl/
rhymes: -ɒɡəl
Forms: form: joggles
Etymology: From jog (noun) + -le (diminutive ending).
Senses: topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A step formed in material by two adjacent reverse bends.
topics: architecture
glosses: A notch or tooth in the joining surface of any piece of building material to prevent slipping.
joggle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɒɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɔɡ.əl/
rhymes: -ɒɡəl
Forms: form: joggles
form: joggling
form: joggled
form: joggled
Etymology: From jog (noun) + -le (diminutive ending).
Senses: examples: text: The struts of a roof are joggled into the truss posts.
ref: 1842, Joseph Gwilt, Encyclopaedia of Architecture:
topics: architecture
glosses: To join by means of joggles, so as to prevent sliding apart; sometimes, loosely, to dowel.
joggle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɒɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡəl/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɔɡ.əl/
rhymes: -ɒɡəl
Forms: form: joggles
form: joggling
form: joggled
form: joggled
Etymology: Blend of jog + juggle
Senses: glosses: To jog or run while juggling.
jolter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒɒltə/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒəʊltə/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒoltəɹ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒoʊltɚ/
rhymes: -ɒltə(ɹ)
rhymes: -əʊltə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jolters
Etymology: From jolt + -er.
Senses: glosses: One who, or that which, jolts.
Derived terms: jolter head
joss
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dʒɒs/
ipa: /dʒɔs/
ipa: /dʒɑs/
rhymes: -ɒs
Forms: form: josses
Etymology: From Chinese Pidgin English joss, from Macau Pidgin Portuguese, from Portuguese deus (“god”), from Latin deus (“god”), from Proto-Indo-European *deywós (“god/that which belongs to heaven”).
Senses: glosses: A Chinese household divinity; a Chinese idol.
examples: text: Don't forget they're mostly just joss-worshipping heathen an' they don't get no kick out of the more classy breeds o' religion. Though I guess there ain't that much diff'rence. It ain't many's so Lord Almighty in theirselves that they don't need a joss of some sort, an' I guess it's what yu think about him matters not the sort o' joss.
ref: 1939, Philip George Chadwick, The Death Guard, pages 111–112:
glosses: A heathen divinity.
examples: text: She had twisted a piece of heather into her mail box for good joss, and this was the safety signal.
ref: 1977, John Le Carré, The Honourable Schoolboy, Folio Society, published 2010, page 178:
glosses: Luck.
Synonyms: sense: luck
word: chance
word: fortune
word: luck
Derived terms: joss stick
joss paper
joss house
Related terms: joss-block
jot
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɒt/
ipa: [d͡ʒɔʔ]
ipa: /d͡ʒɑt/
rhymes: -ɒt
Forms: form: jots
form: jotting
form: jotted
form: jotted
Etymology: The noun is borrowed from Latin iōta (“the letter iota of the Ancient Greek alphabet”), from Ancient Greek ἰῶτα (iôta, “ninth letter of the Ancient Greek alphabet; (figurative) very small part of writing, jot”), from Phoenician 𐤉 (y‬, “tenth letter of the Phoenician abjad, yodh”). Doublet of iota and yodh.
Sense 3 (“brief and hurriedly written note”) is derived from the verb.
The verb is probably borrowed from Scots jot, from English jot (noun): see above.
Senses: examples: text: Tell me your order so I can jot it down.
text: He mentions as certain the falsehood of a number of the assertions concerning his usage, the unhealthy state of the island, and so forth. I have jotted down his evidence elsewhere.
ref: 1827 February 12 (date written), Walter Scott, “[Entry dated 12 February 1827]”, in David Douglas, editor, The Journal of Sir Walter Scott […], volume I, Edinburgh: David Douglas, published 1890, →OCLC, page 357:
coordinate_terms: scribble
glosses: Chiefly followed by down: to write (something) quickly; to make a brief note of (something).
Derived terms: word: jot down
word: jotter
word: jotting
word: jotty
jot
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɒt/
ipa: [d͡ʒɔʔ]
ipa: /d͡ʒɑt/
rhymes: -ɒt
Forms: form: jots
form: jotting
form: jotted
form: jotted
Etymology: The verb is possibly onomatopoeic, suggesting a jerking motion. The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: Nowe is iuſte iuſtice, ſo iotted out of iointe, / That ye here vniuſtely, ſtande at deniall, / To do me iuſtice, and wolde by power ryall: / Directe mine acquitall or condemnacion, / Euen as wyll in both: weith your acceptacion.
ref: 1556, John Heywood, chapter 24, in The Spider and the Flie. […], London: […] Tho[mas] Powell, →OCLC; republished as A[dolphus] W[illiam] Ward, editor, The Spider and the Flie. […] (Publications of the Spenser Society, New Series; 6), Manchester: […] [Charles E. Simms] for the Spenser Society, 1894, →OCLC, page 110:
synonyms: bump
qualifier: obsolete except British
glosses: To jerk or jolt (something); to jog.
Derived terms: word: jolt
jot
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɒt/
ipa: [d͡ʒɔʔ]
ipa: /d͡ʒɑt/
rhymes: -ɒt
Forms: form: jots
Etymology: The verb is possibly onomatopoeic, suggesting a jerking motion. The noun is derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: [F]requent jot / Of his hard ſetting jade did ſo confound / The vvords that he by papyr-ſtealth had got, / That their loſt ſenſe the youngſter could not ſound, / Though he vvith mimical attention did abound.
ref: 1640 (date written), H[enry] M[ore], “ΨΥΧΟΖΩΙΑ [Psychozōia], or A Christiano-platonicall Display of Life, […]”, in ΨΥΧΩΔΙΑ [Psychōdia] Platonica: Or A Platonicall Song of the Soul, […], Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Roger Daniel, printer to the Universitie, published 1642, →OCLC, book 2, stanza 47, page 26:
text: […] I ſay it is no uneven jot, to paſſe from the more faint and obſcure examples of Spermaticall life, to the more conſiderable effects of generall Motion in Mineralls, Metalls & ſundry Meteors, […]
ref: 1653, Henry More, chapter XII, in An Antidote against Atheisme, or An Appeal to the Natural Faculties of the Minde of Man, whether There Be Not a God, London: […] Roger Daniel, […], →OCLC, book II, page 61:
synonyms: bump
glosses: A jerk, a jolt.
jotter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: rhymes: -ɒtə(ɹ)
Forms: form: jotters
Etymology: From jot + -er.
Senses: examples: text: While he muttered over her jotter, a fat tongue-tip stuck in the corner of his mouth, she leaned against the bar and hummed a tune whiningly and made a great show of not looking in our direction.
ref: 1993, John Banville, Ghosts:
glosses: A memorandum book.
glosses: An exercise book.
glosses: Someone who jots.
Derived terms: jotterbook
jounce
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒaʊns/
rhymes: -aʊns
Forms: form: jounces
form: jouncing
form: jounced
form: jounced
Etymology: Unknown, possibly a portmanteau / blend of jolt + bounce.
Senses: examples: text: Send these nice, white, clean shipping cases of honey to a commission man, without any instruction whatever, and he will have the genius and liberality to slap them upon a dray, jounce them to his store, rub them around and over an old, dirty floor, sell a part of it for less than you expected, fail to pay for it until he sells the other part, which he will do after six months or a year, then he will remit, provided the debt has not yet got so old that it is outlawed or he does not "bust up" in business in the mean time.
ref: 1890, The Bee Keepers' Review:
text: So now, stimulated by some further experience with that world which does not care a tinker's damn whether a verb agrees with its subject in number and person or not, she permitted the taxicab to jounce her smile out of all semblance to anything calmly superior and into a very unschoolmarmish grin.
ref: 1921, Harvey Wickham, “Introducing the Garden of Eden”, in The Clue of the Primrose Petal, New York, N.Y.: Edward J. Clode, page 9:
text: She felt herself swooping, then she was lying on the bed beside Gowan, on her back, jouncing to the dying chatter of the shucks.
ref: 1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Library of America, published 1985, page 51:
text: The bed jounced when Mannie sat down on it where the medic had been sitting.
ref: 1971, Ursula K. Le Guin, The Lathe of America:
text: Hundreds of angry coal miners pushed toward the locked gate at Shaft 3, shouting and cursing as they neared the mine’s Chinese managers, who understood neither the English nor the Tonga words of the mob. As the workers butted up against the fence, the bosses grew more fearful and finally two fired their shotguns.
The Zambian miners scrambled in terror. Bodies pivoted, jounced and stumbled. Boston Munakazela did not know he was hit until he suddenly fell over and saw the blood on his chest and arms.
ref: 2010 November 20, Barry Bearak, “Zambia Uneasily Balances Chinese Investment and Workers’ Resentment”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 11 Jan 2025, Africa:
glosses: To jolt; to shake, especially by rough riding or by driving over obstructions.
Derived terms: jouncingly
jounce
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒaʊns/
rhymes: -aʊns
Forms: form: jounces
Etymology: Unknown, possibly a portmanteau / blend of jolt + bounce.
Senses: examples: text: 1966, Kathryn R. Schoonmaker vs. The State of New York, Claim No. 41795, State of New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Third Department
Well, I remember we were bouncing around, the car was tilting back and forth, and it seems like it was bouncing after we made this big jounce and went up over the driveway, it was bouncing and tilting back and forth.
text: When the drive axles have inner and outer joints, rear wheel camber change is minimized during wheel jounce and rebound.
ref: 2010, Don Knowles, Today's Technician: Automotive Suspension & Steering:
glosses: A movement, such as a jolt or a shake.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
synonyms: snap
glosses: The fourth derivative of the position vector with respect to time; the time derivative of jerk.
Derived terms: jouncy
jounce bumper
Related terms: topics: physics
physical-sciences
natural-sciences
word: crackle
topics: physics
physical-sciences
natural-sciences
word: pop
jowl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: jōl
enpr: joul
ipa: /d͡ʒəʊl/
ipa: /d͡ʒaʊl/
homophone: Joel (one pronunciation)
homophone: joule (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -əʊl
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: jowls
form: jole
form: joll
Etymology: From Middle English jawle, chawl, chavel (“jaw, jawbone”), from Old English ċeafl (“jaw, cheek”), from Proto-West Germanic *kafl (“jaw, cheek”). The modern form (for expected chavel, chawl; still found dialectally) is influenced by jaw, which it is a partial doublet of.
Senses: examples: text: I had lain, therefore, all that time, cheek by jowl with Blackbeard himself, with only a thin shell of tinder wood to keep him from me, and now had thrust my hand into his coffin and plucked away his beard.
ref: [1898], J[ohn] Meade Falkner, Moonfleet, London; Toronto, Ont.: Jonathan Cape, published 1934, →OCLC:
text: And he smote Corinius on his shaven jowl with the dice box, calling him cheat and mangy rascal, whereupon Corinius drew forth a bodkin to smite him in the neck withal; […]
ref: 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, page 33:
glosses: The jaw, jawbone; especially one of the lateral parts of the mandible.
Derived terms: jabber
jowler
jowlish
jowl
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: jōl
enpr: joul
ipa: /d͡ʒəʊl/
ipa: /d͡ʒaʊl/
homophone: Joel (one pronunciation)
homophone: joule (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -əʊl
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: jowls
form: jowling
form: jowled
form: jowled
form: jole
form: joll
Etymology: From Middle English jawle, chawl, chavel (“jaw, jawbone”), from Old English ċeafl (“jaw, cheek”), from Proto-West Germanic *kafl (“jaw, cheek”). The modern form (for expected chavel, chawl; still found dialectally) is influenced by jaw, which it is a partial doublet of.
Senses: examples: text: That ſkull had a tongue in it, and could ſing once, how the knave iowles it to the ground, as if twere Caines iawbone, that did the firſt murder, this might be the pate of a pollitician, which this aſſe now ore-reaches; one that would circumuent God, might it not?
ref: c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragicall Historie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke: […] (Second Quarto), London: […] I[ames] R[oberts] for N[icholas] L[ing] […], published 1604, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:
english: That skull had a tongue in it, and could sing once – how that knave [a gravedigger] throws it to the ground, as if it was the jawbone of Cain, who committed the first murder. This might have been the head of a politician, which this ass now gets the better of; one that could have talked its way around God, might it not?
translation: That skull had a tongue in it, and could sing once – how that knave [a gravedigger] throws it to the ground, as if it was the jawbone of Cain, who committed the first murder. This might have been the head of a politician, which this ass now gets the better of; one that could have talked its way around God, might it not?
bold_translation_offsets: 84
90
glosses: To throw, dash, or knock.
jowl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: jōl
enpr: joul
ipa: /d͡ʒəʊl/
ipa: /d͡ʒaʊl/
homophone: Joel (one pronunciation)
homophone: joule (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -əʊl
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: jowls
form: chowl
form: joul
form: jole
form: joll
Etymology: From Middle English cholle (“wattle, jowl”), from Old English ċeole (“throat”), from Proto-West Germanic *kelā, from Proto-Germanic *kelǭ (“gullet”) (compare Scots choll, West Frisian kiel, Dutch keel, German Kehle), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelu- (“to swallow”) (compare Old Irish in·gilid (“to graze”), Irish goile (“stomach”), Latin gula (“throat”), gluttiō (“to swallow”), Russian глота́ть (glotátʹ, “to swallow, gulp”), Ancient Greek δέλεαρ (délear, “lure”), Armenian կլանել (klanel, “I swallow”), Persian گلو (galu), Hindi गला (galā, “neck, throat”)).
Senses: glosses: A fold of fatty flesh under the chin, around the cheeks, or lower jaw (as a dewlap, wattle, crop, or double chin).
glosses: The cheek; especially the cheek meat of a hog.
glosses: A cut of fish including the head and adjacent parts
Derived terms: jowly
cheek and jowl
cheek by jowl
tooth-to-jowl
jowl
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: jōl
enpr: joul
ipa: /d͡ʒəʊl/
ipa: /d͡ʒaʊl/
homophone: Joel (one pronunciation)
homophone: joule (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -əʊl
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: jowls
form: jowling
form: jowled
form: jowled
form: geoll
form: joule
form: joul
form: jole
form: jole
form: joll
Etymology: From Middle English jollen, chollen (“to knock, strike, batter; stagger”). Related to jow (“to knock, bump, ring”).
Senses: glosses: To knock, bump, strike against; hit, strike; peck at.
glosses: To jolt or shake roughly; shake up, mix together.
glosses: To rumble.
raw_tags: of the bowels
glosses: To toll, knell.
raw_tags: of a bell
Related terms: joll
jowl
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: jōl
enpr: joul
ipa: /d͡ʒəʊl/
ipa: /d͡ʒaʊl/
homophone: Joel (one pronunciation)
homophone: joule (one pronunciation)
rhymes: -əʊl
rhymes: -aʊl
Forms: form: jowls
form: geoll
form: joule
form: joul
form: jole
form: jole
form: joll
Etymology: From Middle English jollen, chollen (“to knock, strike, batter; stagger”). Related to jow (“to knock, bump, ring”).
Senses: glosses: A blow, bump, knock.
glosses: The tolling of a bell; knell.
jugate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin iugātus (“yoked together in pairs”), perfect passive participle of iugō (“to yoke”), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (noun-forming suffix).
Senses: glosses: Forming a pair.
Derived terms: multijugate
quadrijugate
quinquejugate
unijugate
jugate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: jugates
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin iugātus (“yoked together in pairs”), perfect passive participle of iugō (“to yoke”), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix) and -ate (noun-forming suffix).
Senses: glosses: A portrait which depicts two side-by-side subjects with relative proximity.
Related terms: pinnate
bijugate
jujube
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒuː.d͡ʒuːb/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒuː.d͡ʒuː.biː/
Forms: form: jujubes
Etymology: From Middle English jujube, from Medieval Latin jujuba or Old French jujube, perhaps via Old Occitan from Classical Latin zīzyphum, zīzyphus, from Ancient Greek ζίζυφον (zízuphon)․ First attested in the 14th century.
Senses: glosses: The sweet and edible drupes (fruits) of several Mediterranean and African species of small trees.
synonyms: Chinese date
glosses: A fruit-bearing tree, Ziziphus jujuba or Ziziphus zizyphus.
synonyms: Chinese date
glosses: The fruit of this tree, fructus jujubae.
synonyms: Chinese date
ber
Indian plum
Regi pandu
glosses: A fruit-bearing tree, Ziziphus mauritiana.
synonyms: Chinese date
ber
Indian plum
Regi pandu
glosses: The fruit of this tree.
glosses: A type of candy; specific type varies by country.
Synonyms: sense: Ziziphus jujuba tree
word: red date
sense: Ziziphus jujuba tree
word: Korean date
sense: Ziziphus jujuba tree
word: Indian date
sense: Ziziphus jujuba fruit
word: red date
sense: Ziziphus jujuba fruit
word: Korean date
sense: Ziziphus jujuba fruit
word: Indian date
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana tree
word: Chinee apple
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana tree
word: Chinkee apple
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana tree
word: Indian jujube
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana tree
word: masau
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana fruit
word: Chinee apple
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana fruit
word: Chinkee apple
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana fruit
word: Indian jujube
sense: Ziziphus mauritiana fruit
word: masau
sense: fruit
word: jujubean
sense: fruit
word: juju bean
sense: candy
word: jujubean
sense: candy
word: juju bean
Derived terms: jube
juju
juju bean
jujubean
jujubelike
Related terms: jojoba
juke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒuːk/
rhymes: -uːk
homophone: jook (some senses)
homophone: duke (yod-coalescence)
Forms: form: jukes
Etymology: From Gullah juke, jook, joog (“wicked, disorderly”) (compare Wolof and Bambara dzug (“unsavory”)).
Senses: glosses: A roadside cafe or bar, especially one with dancing and sometimes prostitution.
examples: text: The juke played five times for a quarter and she never wearied of tapping. Nor did she tire of the same record five times in a row; she was too indolent to select more than one number.
ref: 2011, Nelson Algren, Never Come Morning:
glosses: Clipping of jukebox.
examples: text: All Kouichi Furutono wanted to do was expose Japanese audiences to the skittering sounds of Chicago juke music.
ref: 2018 October 5, Patrick St. Michel, “The Inventive World of Japan’s Juke and Footwork Scene”, in Bandcamp Daily:
topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
glosses: A genre of electronic music native to Chicago, noted for its fast, abstract rhythms; see footwork.
Synonyms: barrelhouse
juke house
juke joint
Derived terms: jukebox
juke joint
juke organ
juke
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒuːk/
rhymes: -uːk
homophone: jook (some senses)
homophone: duke (yod-coalescence)
Forms: form: jukes
form: juking
form: juked
form: juked
Etymology: From Gullah juke, jook, joog (“wicked, disorderly”) (compare Wolof and Bambara dzug (“unsavory”)).
Senses: examples: text: ‘Let's jouk’ is an invitation to dance, but ‘Let's go joukin’’ is a request for a date.
ref: 1941 December, Arthur K. Moore, “Jouk”, in American Speech, page 319:
text: I want you to go juking with me... that's riding and stopping to drink and dance
ref: 1958, Tennessee Williams, Orpheus Descending, New York: New Directions, →OCLC:
glosses: To play dance music, or to dance, in a juke.
juke
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒuːk/
rhymes: -uːk
homophone: jook (some senses)
homophone: duke (yod-coalescence)
Forms: form: jukes
form: juking
form: juked
form: juked
form: jook
form: jugg
Etymology: From Jamaican Creole jook.
Senses: glosses: To hit.
examples: text: "None of the Latinos liked him."
"So now he's dead."
"So go talk to the other ten thousand people could've juked him."
ref: 1992, Ed McBain, Kiss:
text: On the internet that night Asghar told a friend: "I'll bang him and then f*** it man, might as well juke [stab] him up tomorrow."
ref: 2007 February 9, “Teenager filmed by friend as he stabbed 16-year-old student to death”, in Mail Online:
text: He beat me up a couple of times, and I got scared, so one night when he started up again, I just juked him. Three times in the chest, and it still didn't kill him! But I had to go to jail for a whole year.
ref: 2012, Russell Banks, Book of Jamaica:
synonyms: word: chef
word: chib
word: ching
word: chive
word: enthrill
word: foin
word: gore
word: gride
word: jab
word: job
word: juke
word: kebab
word: knifecrime
word: lancinate
word: pigstick
word: pink
word: poach
word: run through
word: shank
word: shiv
word: spear
word: speet
word: splash
word: stab
word: stick
word: stob
word: stog
word: thrust
word: yerk
glosses: To stab.
examples: text: Got a ratchet lil bitch and she from Inglewood
I'm moving around, I do nothing but jugg
I'm fucking these ho like a young nigga should
And you'd do the same if you young niggas could
ref: 2018, “Musty” (track 13), in Ohgeesy (lyrics), Shoreline Mafia (music), ShorelineDoThatShit (Rerelease):
text: Still pushing Zs and I don’t mean freezing
I am still jugging
The stripper so hugging
The girl still super-bad, missed them a loving
ref: 2022 January 4, “Still”, YR (lyrics), P110, 0:49:
glosses: To thrust with the pelvis, in particular for sexual intercourse.
juke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒuːk/
rhymes: -uːk
homophone: jook (some senses)
homophone: duke (yod-coalescence)
Forms: form: jukes
Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from Scots jouk, jowk, juke (“to elude, cheat; duck, skulk; bob, dodge”), palatalized variants of Scots deuk, douk, dowk (“to duck”). More at duck (verb).
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
synonyms: dummy
glosses: A feint.
glosses: The neck of a bird.
Derived terms: outjuke
julep
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒuːlɛp/
Forms: form: juleps
form: julap
Etymology: From Middle English, from Old French julep, from Medieval Latin julapium, via Arabic جُلَاب (julāb) from Persian گلاب (golâb, “rosewater”), from گل (“rose”) + آب (“water”).
Senses: examples: text: He wouldnt even let old Wilkie touch it do you remember Gerald but always gathered it himself and made his own julep. He was as crochety about his julep as an old maid, measuring everything by a recipe in his head.
ref: 1929, William Faulkner, “The Sound and the Fury”, in The Sound and the Fury & As I Lay Dying, New York, N.Y.: The Modern Library, published 1946, →OCLC, page 184:
text: Yo, we be making mountains out of Cool Whip / Pass me the mint for the julep
ref: 1999, “The Brouhaha”, in Hello Nasty, performed by Beastie Boys:
text: In 1797 the American Museum described the Virginian who upon rising “drinks a julep made of rum, water, and sugar, but very strong.” The mint was added a few years later.
ref: 2014, John T. Edge, The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture: Volume 7: Foodways, UNC Press Books, →ISBN, page 198:
glosses: A refreshing drink flavored with aromatic herbs, especially mint, and sometimes alcohol.
examples: text: Contraction of the left ventricular orifice, with hypertrophy of the corresponding ventricle; catarrh at the superior part of the right lung. (Julep; digital; aperit. oxymel scillit.)
ref: 1833, R. J. Bertin, translated by Charles W. Chauncy, Treatise on the Diseases of the Heart, and Great Vessels, Philadelphia: Carey, Lea & Blnachard, page 189:
topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A pleasant-tasting liquid medicine in which other nauseous medicines are taken.
Derived terms: mint julep
junco
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkəʊ/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒʌŋkoʊ/
rhymes: -ʌŋkəʊ
Forms: form: juncos
form: juncoes
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish junco (“reed, rush”), from Latin iuncus (“reed, rush”). Doublet of juncus and possibly junk.
Senses: examples: text: Among many others secured by him, I noticed the eggs and parent birds of the American Widgeon, the Black duck, Canvass-back duck, Spirit duck (Bucephala albeola); small Black-head duck (Fulix affinis); the Wax-wing, (Ampelis garrulus); the Kentucky warbler, the Trumpeter swan, the Duck hawk (Falco anatum), and two species of juncoes.
ref: 1862 July, Daniel Wilson, “Science in Rupert’s Land”, in The Canadian Journal of Industry, Science, and Art, volume VII, number XL (New Series), Toronto, Ont.: […] Canadian Institute […], →OCLC, page 343:
text: The juncos of this region were separated by Mr. L. M. Loomis and carry very striking characters, the most conspicuous being the bright rufous or reddish dorsal patch which is much more pronounced than in either oregonus or thurberi. These juncos are very common in the vicinity of Monterey during summer and during the breeding season are the only ones found there, but as foon as the young are fledged the birds wander.
ref: 1899 July 1, Henry B. Kaeding, “The Genus Junco in California”, in Bulletin of the Cooper Ornithological Club: A Bi-monthly Exponent of Californian Ornithology, volume I, number 5, Santa Clara, Calif.: Cooper Ornithological Club, published September–October 1899, →OCLC, page 81, column 1:
text: The slate-coloured junco is an infrequently reported host; probably it is molested very slightly by the brown-headed cowbird. [...] Mills (1957, pp. 25–27) noted that E. C. Allen found a fledgling cowbird attended and fed by juncos near Halifax, Nova Scotia, on July 17, 1933.
ref: 1963, Herbert Friedmann, “Brown-headed Cowbird [Hosts of the Brown-headed Cowbird]”, in Host Relations of the Parasitic Cowbirds, Washington, D.C.: United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, →OCLC, page 161:
glosses: Any bird of the genus Junco, which includes several species of North American sparrow.
examples: text: Junco, the Reed-Sparrow; a Bird.
ref: [1658, Edward Phillips, compiler, “Junco”, in The New World of English Words: Or, A General Dictionary: […], London: […] E. Tyler, for Nath[aniel] Brook […], →OCLC:
text: Arundinaceus. Brown-ferruginous; beneath whitiſh-teſtaceous; with tail-feathers banded and reddiſh at the apex. The junco of Geſner [i.e., Conrad Gessner], Aldrovand [i.e., Ulisse Aldrovandi], [John] Ray, and [Francis] Willughby.
ref: 1819, Abraham Rees, “TURDUS”, in The Cyclopædia; or, Universal Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Literature. […], volume XXXVI, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, & Brown, […] [et al.], →OCLC, column 1:
glosses: The common reed bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus), a bird found in Europe and much of the Palearctic.
Hyponyms: word: blue snowbird
taxonomic: Junco hyemalis
word: snowbird
taxonomic: Junco hyemalis hyemalis
word: dark-eyed junco
Derived terms: dark-eyed junco
Related terms: juncaceous
juncous
junker
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈjʊŋkə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: junkers
form: Junker
Etymology: Borrowed from German Junker, from Middle High German juncherre (“young lord; not yet knighted nobleman”). Compare younker.
Senses: examples: text: Professors of philosophy and science carrying high the patriotic banner of Kultur and culture gloried in the system of compulsory, universal, military service, first made in Germany exulted in the degrading, vicious process of training by which the individual is hypnotized into submission to a brutal organization of military junkers, hallowed by the name of state and Fatherland, it was the darkest period in the history of mankind.
ref: 1919, Boris Sidis, The Source and Aim of Human Progress:
text: The dice are, however, weighted against them, so long as the present generation of Junkers and officials survives.
ref: 1921 October, Maxwell H. H. Macartney, “An Ex-Enemy in Berlin to-Day”, in The Atlantic:
glosses: A young German noble or squire, especially a member of the aristocratic party in Prussia, stereotyped with narrow-minded militaristic and authoritarian attitudes.
Derived terms: junkerdom
junkerish
junkerism