cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
SPF
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: SPFs
Senses: examples: text: For the rest of us, each day’s variable solar conditions require a judgment call. And probably sunscreen, whose SPF (sun protection factor) numbers reveal how effective the product is. A lotion with an SPF of 10, for example, tells us that if current conditions would give you a burn in one hour, the sunscreen will forestall the burn for ten hours. Most sunscreens use either titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, chemicals that reflect, scatter, or absorb ultraviolet light and dissipate it as heat. In practice, creams labeled SPF 30 provide 96 percent of the protection of an SPF 90 product, which suggests that you’ll do fine with a 30 as long as you keep reapplying it as needed during the day.
ref: 2017, Bob Berman, Zapped: From Infrared to X-rays, the Curious History of Invisible Light, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, page 60:
text: Most dermatologists, as well as the American Academy of Dermatology, recommend an SPF of at least 30 for most people and most climates.
ref: 2022 July 21, Nancy Redd, “How much SPF is enough?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: Initialism of sun protection factor.
related: word: SPOF
glosses: Initialism of single point of failure.
hypernyms: w:polyurethane foam
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foam#Noun
glosses: Initialism of spray polyurethane foam.
glosses: Initialism of spruce-pine-fir, mixed softwood timber.
SPF
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Initialism of specific-pathogen-free.
raw_tags: of laboratory animals
SPF
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Initialism of Scottish Police Federation.
glosses: Initialism of Sender Policy Framework.
single point of failure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: single points of failure
Senses: examples: text: The Jesus nut got its name because it is a single point of failure — if it goes, there's nothing you can do but pray.
related: word: SPF
word: SPOF
glosses: A component in a device, or a point in a network, that, if it were to fail, would cause the entire device or network to fail (normally eliminated by adding redundancy).
examples: text: The intact twine in Dylan's beef Wellington was a single point of failure.
glosses: A minor mistake that creates a chain reaction.
Related terms: fail-deadly
failproof
failureproof
fail-safe
fail safe
failureless
failure rate
celt
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɛlt/
rhymes: -ɛlt
Forms: form: celts
Etymology: From Latin celtis (“chisel”), very probably a ghost word originating from a copyist's error in the Vulgate Bible, but taken as genuine and subsequently used in Medieval Latin.
Senses: examples: text: The later division of the Bronze age is characterised by the appearance of swords, spears, palstaves, and socketed celts.
ref: 1880, William Boyd Dawkins, Early Man in Britain and His Place in the Tertiary Period:
glosses: A prehistoric chisel-bladed tool.
rearrange the deck chairs on the Titanic
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: rearranges the deck chairs on the Titanic
form: rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic
form: rearranged the deck chairs on the Titanic
form: rearranged the deck chairs on the Titanic
form: move the deckchairs on the Titanic
form: shift the deckchairs on the Titanic
form: shuffle the chairs on the deck of the Titanic
form: shuffle the deckchairs on the Titanic
Etymology: * The Titanic was an ocean liner that sank on the morning of 15 April 1912 after striking an iceberg. The phrase "rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic" implies trying to move the chairs on the deck around while the ship is sinking, which is obviously pointless.
Senses: examples: text: All the new people want an office close to the President's. You should see them scramble. It's like fighting for a deck chair on the Titanic.
ref: 1969 January 17, Nan C. Robertson, quoting Elizabeth Carpenter, “White House Memories Recalled By Mrs. Johnson's Press Aide”, in New York Times, page 18:
text: Administrators are running around straightening out deck chairs while the Titanic goes down.
ref: 1972 May 15, Joseph Eger, “Listening to the Vibes”, in New York Times, page 34:
text: I'm not going to rearrange the furniture on the deck of the Titanic.
ref: 1976 May 16, Rogers Morton, quotee, Washington Post:
text: Gordon Brown's decision to redefine Britain's economic cycle has been damned by one of the City's most influential economic forecasters, which accuses the Chancellor of the Exchequer of doing little more than "moving the deckchairs on the Titanic".
ref: 2005 July 24, Business Online:
text: "And then you write, ‘Oh, they're just rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic.’ First of all, that is a terrible metaphor. This administration is not sinking. This administration is soaring. If anything, they are rearranging the deck chairs on the Hindenburg!"
ref: 2006 April 29, Stephen Colbert, White House Correspondents’ Association Dinner, Washington, D.C.:
text: Inevitably, people have suggested that pulling a move to restore Cameron to the frontline is like rearranging the deckchairs on the Titanic, but arguably that doesn’t really cover it.
ref: 2023 November 14, Marina Hyde, “Rewarding failure? With David Cameron’s return, it’s being celebrated like never before”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
glosses: To do something pointless or insignificant that will soon be overtaken by events, or that contributes nothing to the solution of a current problem.
Related terms: fiddle while Rome burns
count angels on pinheads
shift the deckchairs on the Titanic
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: shifts the deckchairs on the Titanic
form: shifting the deckchairs on the Titanic
form: shifted the deckchairs on the Titanic
form: shifted the deckchairs on the Titanic
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of rearrange the deck chairs on the Titanic.
pollyspeak
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From pollie + -speak, with spelling shift.
Senses: examples: text: Sure, put them as a batch/job lot with their own kind. Put them in the public gallery of any Australian parliament and force feed them ‘pollyspeak’.
ref: 2000 June 30, Harold Wood, “ANOTHER 'MADDIE' STRIKES.”, in aus.general (Usenet):
text: It isn't difficult to make one's life meaningful without the mumbo-jumbo of pollyspeak and endless streams of words, words, words...
ref: 2001, Marc in Oz, “Vote with your wallet”, in alt.politics.greens (Usenet):
text: It is pollyspeak or polyspeak or doubletalk, or lies.
No GST
No ETS
Coal jobs safe = they are truly fucked now
on a quick scan I didn't see he actually said they would be safe, tahts^([sic]) part of the trick, say something they want to be interpreted as 'safe' but not actually say it. The[y] have years of practise, they are really good at it.
ref: 2011 March 25, i||||||||||||||||| 2.0, “Coal jobs "safe": Combet”, in aus.politics (Usenet):
glosses: Political spin; speech used by a politician that is equivocal or mendacious.
Related terms: spin doctor
upriver
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: further upriver
form: farther upriver
form: furthest upriver
form: farthest upriver
form: up-river
Etymology: From up- + river.
Senses: glosses: Towards the source of a river.
glosses: Against the current.
upriver
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: further upriver
form: farther upriver
form: furthest upriver
form: farthest upriver
form: up-river
Etymology: From up- + river.
Senses: glosses: Towards the source of a river.
Synonyms: upstream
Related terms: up the creek without a paddle
up the river
up the river
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Etymology: A reference to Sing Sing prison, which is located on the Hudson river, to the north of (and upstream from) New York City.
Senses: examples: text: The former baseball player that Cincinnati idolized is being sent up the river to Ashland, Ky., to serve a prison term for cheating on his taxes.
ref: 1990 July 21, “Pete Rose: He doesn't belong in the Hall of Fame”, in Dallas Morning News, retrieved 23 Sep 2010:
glosses: To prison.
Related terms: jail
up the creek without a paddle
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: Ian Houlder, a Tory councillor for West Suffolk, said Hancock appeared to be “up the creek without a paddle” in terms of remaining the MP, and so had seemingly decided to go.
ref: 2022 December 7, Peter Walker, quoting Ian Houlder, “Row grows over Matt Hancock’s announcement he is quitting as MP”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Alternative form of up the creek.
up shit creek
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Forms: form: up shit's creek
form: up shit's creek without a paddle
form: up shit creek without a paddle
Senses: synonyms: up the creek
between a rock and a hard place
glosses: In trouble; in a difficult situation.
cladding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklædɪŋ/
rhymes: -ædɪŋ
Forms: form: claddings
Etymology: From clad + -ing. Compare clothing, ultimately from the same source.
Senses: glosses: Clothing; clothes.
glosses: Any hard coating, bonded onto the outside of something to add protection, such as the plastic sheath around an optical fibre.
topics: business
construction
manufacturing
synonyms: word: siding
glosses: A weatherproof, insulating or decorative covering fixed to the outside of a building.
cladding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈklædɪŋ/
rhymes: -ædɪŋ
Etymology: From clad + -ing. Compare clothing, ultimately from the same source.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of clad
up yours
Language: English
Part of speech: intj
Etymology: Short for shove it up your ass.
Senses: examples: text: You dare come here dressed so horribly? Well, up yours!
text: I thought, OBE me? Up yours, I thought.
ref: 2003 November 27, Benjamin Zephaniah, “Me? I thought, OBE me? Up yours, I thought”, in the Guardian:
text: And I'm not taking down that tweet or acknowledging that my tweet violated the Twitter rules. Up yours, woke moralists. We'll see who cancels who.
ref: 2022 July 1, Jordan Peterson, 14:10 from the start, in Twitter Ban, YouTube, archived from the original on 01 Jul 2022:
glosses: Expression to show discontent with the other party, or to show contempt.
examples: text: Up yours!—I’m not giving you any!
text: You’ve done enough to ruin our outing, so up yours!
glosses: Go away! Go to hell!
Synonyms: fuck off
fuck you
get fucked
go fuck yourself
screw off
screw you
shove it up your ass
up your ass
Related terms: go away
V sign
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: V signs
form: V-sign
Senses: glosses: A sign of victory or peace made by raising the index and middle fingers with the palm outwards.
glosses: A gesture of contempt or insult made by raising the index and middle fingers with the palm inwards; apocryphally originated by English bowmen at Agincourt (in actuality attested only from 1901).
Synonyms: sense: victory or peace
word: peace sign
sense: contempt
word: Harvey Smith sign
sense: contempt
word: Harvey Smith salute
bowman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbəʊmən/
enpr: bōʹmən
ipa: /ˈboʊmən/
rhymes: -əʊmən
Forms: form: bowmen
form: bowsman
Etymology: From Middle English boweman, bouman, boughman, equivalent to bow + -man.
Senses: examples: text: The whole londe ſhal fle, foꝛ the noyſe of the hoꝛſmen and bowmen: […]
ref: 1535 October 14 (Gregorian calendar), Myles Coverdale, transl., Biblia: The Byble, […] (Coverdale Bible), [Cologne or Marburg]: [Eucharius Cervicornus and Johannes Soter?], →OCLC, Jeremy [Jeremiah] iiij:[29], folio xxv, verso, column 2:
text: The walls are slitted with embrasures through which bowmen could fire, indicating that the belfry also served as a stronghold during border skirmishes.
ref: 1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 311, about the church at Pembridge:
topics: archery
government
hobbies
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
sports
war
coordinate_terms: bowwoman
glosses: A man who uses a bow; an archer.
Derived terms: Bowman
bowmanship
bowman's root
bowman
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbəʊmən/
enpr: bōʹmən
ipa: /ˈboʊmən/
rhymes: -əʊmən
ipa: /ˈbaʊmən/
rhymes: -aʊmən
ipa: /ˈbəʊmən/
enpr: bōʹmən
ipa: /ˈboʊmən/
rhymes: -əʊmən
Forms: form: bowmen
form: bowsman
Etymology: From bow (of boat or ship) + -man.
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: The person, in a team or among oarsmen, positioned nearest the bow.
bowmen
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of bowman
Upanishad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Upanishads
Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit उपनिषद् (upaniṣad).
Senses: glosses: Any of a set of authorless Hindu religious and philosophical texts considered to be an early source of the religion, found mostly as the concluding part of the Brahmanas and in the Aranyakas.
Related terms: Aranyaka
Brahmana
Itihasa
Sutra
Tantra
Veda
upbringing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpˌbrɪŋɪŋ/
Forms: form: upbringings
Etymology: From Middle English upbringinge, equivalent to upbring + -ing.
Senses: glosses: The traits acquired during one's childhood training
examples: text: Through her upbringing, Mildred's father had carefully programmed her to expect very little from life.
glosses: The raising or training of a child.
Related terms: bring up
uphang
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌpˈhæŋ/
rhymes: -æŋ
Forms: form: uphangs
form: uphanging
form: uphung
form: uphung
Etymology: From Middle English uphongen. By surface analysis, up- + hang.
Senses: glosses: To hang up.
examples: text: When soft stars were brightly uphanging the night.
ref: 1860, Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
glosses: To suspend or fix aloft.
upheaped
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of upheap
upheave
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: upheaves
form: upheaving
form: upheaved
form: uphove
form: upheaved
form: uphove
form: uphoven
Etymology: From Middle English upheven, from Old English ūpāhebban (“to lift up, raise up, exalt, rise in the air, fly”), equivalent to up- + heave. Cognate with Dutch opheffen (“to lift, raise”), German aufheben (“to lift, raise, cancel, repeal”).
Senses: glosses: To heave or lift up; raise up or aloft.
glosses: To lift or thrust something upward forcefully, or be similarly lifted or thrust upward.
glosses: To be lifted up; rise.
Derived terms: upheaval
upheaving
upher
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uphers
Senses: glosses: a wooden pole used as scaffolding
uphill
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌphɪl/
ipa: /ʌpˈhɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: further uphill
form: farther uphill
form: furthest uphill
form: farthest uphill
Etymology: From up + hill.
Senses: glosses: Up a slope, towards higher ground.
glosses: With difficulty.
Derived terms: push shit uphill
push string uphill
push water uphill
uphill
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌphɪl/
ipa: /ʌpˈhɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: further uphill
form: farther uphill
form: furthest uphill
form: farthest uphill
Etymology: From up + hill.
Senses: glosses: Located up a slope or on a hill.
examples: text: “There’s a lot of uphill about a bicycle tour,” said he, “and the wind is against you.”
“So there is downhill, and the wind behind you,” said Harris.
ref: 1900, Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men on the Bummel:
text: The engine seemed a little sensitive to wet rails, and in consequence the uphill work was not so good north of Dundee as it had been earlier. But I have noted this same "touchiness" on the part of the "A4s", and other modern British 4-6-2s, so that in this respect No. 2006 proved no exception.
ref: 1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “"The Aberdonian" in Wartime”, in Railway Magazine, page 9:
glosses: Going up a slope or a hill.
examples: text: For a large part of this game, England once again looked like a team suffering from the rigours of a long season and faced an uphill task when Hofmann put Germany in front.
ref: 2022 June 7, Phil McNulty, “Germany 1-1- England”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Difficult or laborious.
Derived terms: uphill battle
uphill climb
uphill gardener
uphill
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌphɪl/
ipa: /ʌpˈhɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: uphills
Etymology: From up + hill.
Senses: glosses: An uphill route.
uphill
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌphɪl/
ipa: /ʌpˈhɪl/
rhymes: -ɪl
Forms: form: uphills
form: uphilling
form: uphilled
form: uphilled
Etymology: From up + hill.
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
skiing
snowboarding
sports
hyponyms: skin
skin up
glosses: To travel uphill.
uphoard
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: uphoards
form: uphoarding
form: uphoarded
form: uphoarded
Etymology: From up- + hoard.
Senses: examples: text: O, speak! / Or if thou hast uphoarded in thy life / Extorted treasure in the womb of earth
ref: 1599-1602, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act 1, scene 1:
glosses: To hoard up.
Synonyms: amound
intreasure
amass
upholder
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: upholders
Etymology: From uphold + -er.
Senses: examples: text: an upholder of ethical principles
text: Libraries have been burnt and whole religious movements wiped out because their belief and myths have been considered to be of dubious origin by the upholders of orthodoxy[.]
ref: 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light:Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, page 12:
glosses: Someone who upholds something.
glosses: A dealer in secondhand furniture and clothes; an upholdster.
secondhand
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsɛk(ə)n(d)ˈhænd/
ipa: /ˈsɛk(ə)n(d)ˌhænd/
rhymes: -ænd
Forms: form: second-hand
form: second hand
form: secondhanded
form: second-handed
form: 2ndhand
Etymology: From second + hand.
Senses: synonyms: used
preloved
pre-owned
hand-me-down
glosses: Not new; previously owned and used by another.
raw_tags: of goods
glosses: Dealing in such merchandise.
raw_tags: of a dealer
examples: text: In the light of recent history it is somewhat curious that this decisive power of the professional secondhand dealers in ideas should not yet be more generally recognized.
ref: 1949, F. A. Hayek, “The Intellectuals and Socialism”, in University of Chicago Law Review, volume 16, number 3, Chicago: University of Chicago, →DOI, page 417:
text: What's love got to do, got to do with it? / What's love but a secondhand emotion?
ref: 1984, “What’s Love Got To Do With It”, performed by Tina Turner:
text: So nearly every name comes from a second hand source. The exception to this rule has been the vigilantes themselves. Rube Mathis and Jack Wells, both admitted to participating, and Mathis identified his brother.
ref: 2013, Bruce Crow, A Land of Strangers: Cane Creek Tennessee's Mormon Massacre and its Tragic Effects on the People Who Lived There:
text: However, Partridge’s information is second-hand, and requires verification.
ref: 2014, James Lambert, “A Much Tortured Expression: A New Look At `Hobson-Jobson'”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 27, number 1, page 60:
text: The relation of Tristram's death is thus distanced from the narrative to which it belongs, and it is also distanced in that we do not see it happen with our own eyes, but hear of it by a second-hand report which introduces it incidentally, not for its own sake.
ref: 2014, Jill Mann, Life in Words: Essays on Chaucer, the Gawain-Poet, and Malory:
glosses: Indirect; from a secondary source; not firsthand.
examples: text: exposure to secondhand smoke from cigarette-smoking colleagues
glosses: Inhaled from the air near someone else smoking.
raw_tags: of cigarette or cigar smoke
Derived terms: secondhanded
secondhandedness
secondhand embarrassment
secondhand smoke
second-hand store
second-hand vape
secondhand
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsɛk(ə)n(d)ˈhænd/
ipa: /ˈsɛk(ə)n(d)ˌhænd/
rhymes: -ænd
Forms: form: second-hand
form: second hand
form: secondhanded
form: second-handed
form: 2ndhand
Etymology: From second + hand.
Senses: examples: text: Childrenswear is now the fastest growing sector of secondhand. […] The huge increase in the market for childrenswear shows another way in which older generations are getting into secondhand.
ref: 2023 March 12, Lauren Cochrane, “Cheap, cool and kind to nature: how secondhand became UK fashion’s main attraction”, in The Observer:
glosses: Secondhand goods (especially clothes) collectively.
secondhand
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌsɛk(ə)n(d)ˈhænd/
ipa: /ˈsɛk(ə)n(d)ˌhænd/
rhymes: -ænd
Forms: form: second-hand
form: second hand
form: secondhanded
form: second-handed
form: 2ndhand
Etymology: From second + hand.
Senses: examples: text: It was almost an article of faith with McEwen never to buy new if he could buy secondhand.
ref: 1996, Peter Golding, Black Jack McEwen: Political Gladiator, →ISBN, page 50:
text: He glanced back at the Jeep, which he'd bought secondhand a dozen years ago and now, fifteen years old, was gaining on "classic" status.
ref: 2004, Ruth Doan MacDougall, Henrietta Snow, →ISBN, page 47:
glosses: In a used or previously-owned condition.
glosses: Indirectly.
Related terms: firsthand
thirdhand
vicarious
upholster
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈpɒl.stə(ɹ)/
ipa: /əˈpɐl.stə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: upholsters
form: upholstering
form: upholstered
form: upholstered
Etymology: Back-formation from upholsterer (“tradesman who finishes furniture”), from Middle English upholdester, variant of Middle English upholder (“dealer in small goods”), from upholden (“to repair, uphold”); equivalent to uphold + -ster. Sense development as well as form may have been influenced by conflation with unrelated bolster.
Senses: glosses: To fit padding, stuffing, springs, webbing and fabric covering to (furniture).
Derived terms: re-upholster
reupholster
reupholsterer
reupholstery
unupholstered
upholstered
upholstering
well-upholstered
upholster
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈpɒl.stə(ɹ)/
ipa: /əˈpɐl.stə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: upholsters
form: upholdster
Etymology: From Middle English upholdester, upholster; equivalent to uphold + -ster.
Senses: glosses: An upholder, a dealer in secondhand furniture and clothes; an upholsterer; a tradesman who finishes furniture.
Derived terms: upholsterer
upholstery
upholsterer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌpˈhəʊlstəɹə/
Forms: form: upholsterers
Etymology: From upholster (noun) + -er, from Middle English upholdester, upholster, from Middle English upholder (“dealer in small goods”), from upholden (“to repair, uphold”). Equivalent to uphold + -ster + -er.
Senses: coordinate_terms: reupholsterer
glosses: Someone who upholsters furniture, especially a trained craftsman who does so as an occupation.
Derived terms: upholsterer bee
Related terms: upholstery
upholstery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌpˈhəʊlstəɹi/
Forms: form: upholsteries
Etymology: First recorded 1597; from upholster (noun) or upholster(er) + -(er)y or -y.
Senses: glosses: The craft or business of upholstering furniture.
glosses: The materials used in upholstering furniture.
Related terms: reupholstery
upholster
upholdster
upholsterer
euphroe
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈjuːfɹəʊ/
Forms: form: euphroes
form: uphroe
form: uvrou
Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch juffrouw (“young woman”).
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: A long wooden slat, with holes for cords, that holds up an awning.
upland
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌplənd/
ipa: /ˈʌplənd/
ipa: /ˈəp-/
rhymes: -ʌplənd
Forms: form: uplands
Etymology: From Middle English upland, from Old English ūpland (“the country”); equivalent to up- + land.
The word as an adjective developed in Middle English.
Senses: examples: Near-synonyms: highland, upcountry
antonyms: lowland#Noun
hypernyms: land#Noun
;
area#Noun
;
region#Noun
coordinate_terms: inland#Noun
midland#Noun
outland#Noun
glosses: The area in the interior of a country with a generally higher elevation.
antonyms: city#Noun
town#Noun
conurbation#Noun
glosses: The country, as contrasted with the town.
Derived terms: word: Dnieper Upland
word: Kersey Upland
word: Southern Uplands
word: sunlit uplands
word: sunny uplands
taxonomic: Gossypium barbadense
word: upland cotton
word: uplander
word: uplandish
word: upland moccasin
taxonomic: Bartramia longicauda
word: upland sandpiper
word: upland sumach
upland
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌplənd/
ipa: /ˈʌplənd/
ipa: /ˈəp-/
rhymes: -ʌplənd
Etymology: From Middle English upland, from Old English ūpland (“the country”); equivalent to up- + land.
The word as an adjective developed in Middle English.
Senses: examples: text: the race of upland giants
ref: c. 1624, George Chapman, transl., Batrachomyomachia:
text: Sometimes with secure delight / The upland hamlets will invite,
ref: a. 1645, John Milton, L'Allegro:
glosses: Of, relating to, or situated in the uplands.
Derived terms: upland antshrike
upland boneset
upland goose
upland moa
upland plover
uplandish
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more uplandish
form: most uplandish
Etymology: From Middle English uplondish, oplondysch, uplondysch, from Old English uplendisc (“uplandish”); equivalent to upland + -ish.
Senses: glosses: Of or pertaining to uplands; pertaining to or situated in country districts.
glosses: Rustic, rude, boorish; countrified, unsophisticated, or uncivilized.
glosses: Wild or savage; mountainous, or dwelling in the mountains.
uplander
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uplanders
Etymology: From upland + -er.
Senses: glosses: A person from the uplands.
uplay
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌpˈleɪ/
rhymes: -eɪ
Forms: form: uplays
form: uplaying
form: uplaid
form: uplaid
Etymology: From up- + lay.
Senses: examples: text: Or as though the least of His pains, deeds, or words,
Would busy a life, she all this day affords;
This treasure then, in gross, my soul uplay,
And in my life retail it every day.
ref: 1608, John Donne, Upon the Annunciation and Passion Falling upon One Day:
glosses: To lay up; hoard.
uplead
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpliːd/
ipa: /ʌpˈliːd/
rhymes: (verb) -iːd
Forms: form: upleads
Etymology: From up- + lead.
Senses: examples: text: When the capacity at the top has been made so large compared with the effective capacity of the uplead that the current in the latter is sensibly uniform, the length of that current is sensibly the full height h of the uplead, which is the greatest available height with the given masts.
ref: 1921, L. B. Turner, Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony:
text: Effectively, the downlead and uplead for an individual sensor in the simple array becomes the downlead and uplead for a ladder in the subarray.
ref: 1997, L.S. Grattan, Optical Fiber Sensor Technology: Devices and Technology, page 137:
text: Imagine the feelings of a very young engineer when required to measure the impedance of this vast aerial system with a “tuned circuit substitution” measuring set which looked minute compared with the 12-ft-diameter aerial uplead, which required a gang to move i to the measuring set.
ref: 2003, John Bray, The Communications Miracle: The Telecommunication Pioneers from Morse to the Information Superhighway:
topics: communications
electrical-engineering
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
telecommunications
glosses: The line or lines connecting the output of a transmitter to its antenna.
Related terms: downlead
uplead
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpliːd/
ipa: /ʌpˈliːd/
rhymes: (verb) -iːd
Forms: form: upleads
form: upleading
form: upled
form: upled
Etymology: From up- + lead.
Senses: examples: text: Inestimable good! who giv'st us Truth,
Whose hand upleads to light, divinest Truth
ref: 1775, Mr. Dyer, “The Ruins of Rome”, in A Collection of Poems in Six Volumes, volume 1:
glosses: To lead upward.
uplean
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: upleans
form: upleaning
form: upleant
form: upleant
form: upleaned
form: upleaned
Etymology: From up- + lean.
Senses: examples: text: 1834, Albert Pike, “Sunset” in Prose Sketches and Poems Written in the Western Country, Boston: Light & Horton, pp. 192-193,
The western sky is wallen
With shadowy mountains, built upon the marge
Of the horizon, from eve’s purple sheen,
And thin gray clouds, that daringly uplean
Their silver cones upon the crimson verge
Of the high zenith,
text: 1856, Gold-Pen (pseudonym), “My Cottage” in Poems, Philadelphia: Lippincott, 2nd edition, pp. 188-189,
I forced the slowly yielding door
That ope’d on Sabbath morn no more,
And found all that the winds withstood,
Was an upleaning piece of wood.
text: 1895, Orelia Key Bell, “And every morning as I passed her bower” in Poems, Philadelphia: Rodgers, p. 181,
[…] that liquid cadency
Seep’d thro’ the casement to the birds and me,
Who upleaning drank, and drinking upleaned more.
text: 1902, George Macdonald Major, “A Chinatown Idyll” in Lays of Chinatown, New York: The Lloyd Press, 2nd edition, p. 64,
A rakish hat was tilted o’er his eyes.
A cigarette, with intermittent fire,
Upleaned to meet it from his stern set lips.
text: […] the snow which covered the glacier was melted into upleaning, icy blades which were extremely difficult to cross […]
ref: 1912, John Muir, chapter 14, in The Yosemite,, New York: Century, published 1920, page 244:
glosses: To lean or incline upward; to cause (something) to lean upward.
examples: text: With that vpleaning on her elbow weake,
Her alablaster brest she soft did kis,
ref: 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 322:
text: […] thus his carelesse time
This shepheard driues, vpleaning on his batt,
And on shrill reedes chaunting his rustick rime,
ref: 1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Virgils Gnat”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:
glosses: To lean (on something).
uplift
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: ŭp-lĭftʹ
ipa: /ʌpˈlɪft/
enpr: ŭpʹlĭft
ipa: /ˈʌp.lɪft/
rhymes: (verb) -ɪft
Forms: form: uplifts
Etymology: From up- + lift.
Senses: examples: text: The EMR Regional timetable improvements also include a significant uplift in Sunday services.
ref: 2019 October, Tony Miles, Philip Sherratt, “EMR kicks off new era”, in Modern Railways, page 58:
text: This means that while initial funding will come from the public purse, landowners along the route will eventually pay back a share of the uplift in land values created by the new line.
ref: 2021 February 10, “Network News: Additional funds enable preparatory work for Ashington reopening”, in RAIL, number 924, page 8:
glosses: The act or result of uplifting (in various senses).
examples: text: Recent uplift of the Maine and Oregon coasts has not been enough to "undrown" the larger valleys; the shorelines are still submergent.
ref: 1971, George Finiel Adams, Jerome Wyckoff, Landforms, page 143:
text: This is explained as an uplift in the coast at a rate of 16.2 mm/y in the period before 1900, a downlift of 2.8 mm/y in the period 1900-1906 and a rapid «sinking» of the coast at 22.7 mm/y in the 24 months before the earthquake.
ref: 1982, Earthquakes: Observation, Theory and Interpretation (Proceeding of the International School of Physics "Enrico Fermi"; course 85), North-Holland Publishing Company, page 517:
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: A tectonic upheaval, especially one that takes place in the process of mountain building.
topics: transport
glosses: The picking up and loading of goods to be transported by a mover.
examples: text: Dressed in a light silk brassiere and scanties, which was all she wore under her frock, she was unkind enough to say, "I think those uplift fakes of yours are a mistake, Sadie dear. They raise false expectations in the amorous male." "But my breasts are all right," said Sadie, hurt, and pushing her breasts up from under to prove they were in the right place[.]
ref: 1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 15:
glosses: A brassiere that raises the breasts.
examples: text: The CMA fined the companies involved £3.4 million, which included uplifts for director level involvement.
ref: 2020, David Begg, Economics for Business, page 148:
topics: law
glosses: An increase in a fine or penalty due to aggravating circumstances.
Derived terms: tectonic uplift
Related terms: downlift
improvement
uplock
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: uplocks
Etymology: From up- + lock.
Senses: examples: text: The left and right wing landing gear uplock assemblies had separated from their attachment points on the fuselage structure. The interior skin and associated ribs on the left and right wing gear inboard doors were damaged in the vicinity of their striker plates and the striker plates also were damaged. The doors were damaged in the area where the tires are located when the gears are retracted.
ref: 1986 March 29, National Transportation Safety Board, “1.12 Wreckage and Impact Information”, in Aircraft Accident Report: China Airlines Boeing 747-SP, N4522V, 300 Nautical Miles Northwest of San Francisco, California, February 19, 1985, archived from the original on 10 Jul 2022, pages 12–13:
topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A mechanism that secures an aircraft's landing gear in the retracted position, helping to prevent an uncommanded gear deployment during flight.
uplock
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: uplocks
form: uplocking
form: uplocked
form: uplocked
Etymology: From up- + lock.
Senses: glosses: To lock up.
uplook
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: uplooks
form: uplooking
form: uplooked
form: uplooked
Etymology: From Middle English uploken, equivalent to up- + look.
Senses: glosses: To look upward.
upmost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpmoʊst/
ipa: [ˈʌʔmoʊst]
Etymology: From Middle English upmest; equivalent to up + -most.
Senses: examples: text: But the disjuncture between addressor and addressed such scenarios emphasise was not always (or even often) upmost in users' minds […]
ref: 2013, Sam Halliday, Sonic Modernity, page 70:
glosses: Uppermost.
upmost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpmoʊst/
ipa: [ˈʌʔmoʊst]
Senses: glosses: Eggcorn of utmost.
uppermost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpəməʊst/
ipa: /ˈʌpɚˌmoʊst/
Etymology: From Middle English upper-moste; equivalent to upper + -most.
Senses: examples: text: Well, to me, if you are restricting it to economic policy — because I can surely think of some noneconomic policy concerns that are more uppermost in my mind.
ref: 2005, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Ways and Means, Tax reform: hearing before the Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, first session, June 8, 2005, Volume 36, Issues 109-123:
text: As a result, it is not always an easy matter to evaluate, as an outsider, the effectiveness of a life-task strategy (i.e., sometimes the objective indicators of success and failure do not coincide with the goals most uppermost in a person's mind).
ref: 2015, Lawrence A. Pervin, Goal Concepts in Personality and Social Psychology:
glosses: At or nearest the top of something.
examples: text: This brings me to the uppermost problem for over-60-year-old lesbians. Loneliness.
ref: 1990 February 4, Ruth Mountaingrove, “Feeling Less Than A Peer”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 29, page 14:
text: For him, as for his colleagues, concern with priestly comportment and purity is uppermost.
ref: 2001, David L. Lieber, Jules Harlow, Etz Hayim: Torah and Commentary, page 735:
glosses: Highest in rank, importance, etc.
Synonyms: upmost
uppermost
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpəməʊst/
ipa: /ˈʌpɚˌmoʊst/
Etymology: From Middle English upper-moste; equivalent to upper + -most.
Senses: glosses: superlative form of upper: most upper
uppermost
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʌpəməʊst/
ipa: /ˈʌpɚˌmoʊst/
Etymology: From Middle English upper-moste; equivalent to upper + -most.
Senses: glosses: In the highest position.
upokororo
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: upokororo
Etymology: From Maori [Term?].
Senses: glosses: A New Zealand fish, Prototroctes oxyrhynchus in the family Haplochitonidae, rather like a trout.
uppent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From up- + pent.
Senses: glosses: pent up, confined
uppertendom
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From upper ten + -dom.
Senses: examples: text: But what would be the sentiment of uppertendom, when it should be rumored that the beautiful young creature, of the proud Clarence Delwood's choice, had stooped so low, as to maintain herself by her own hands?
ref: 1859, Ferna Vale, Natalie; or, A Gem Among the Sea-Weeds:
glosses: The very highest social class; the upper ten.
uppile
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: uppiles
form: uppiling
form: uppiled
form: uppiled
Etymology: From up- + pile.
Senses: glosses: To pile up; to heap up.
uppluck
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: upplucks
form: upplucking
form: upplight
form: upplight
form: upplucked
form: upplucked
form: up-pluck
Etymology: From Middle English upplucken, upplukken, equivalent to up- + pluck.
Senses: examples: text: And you, sweet flow'rs that in this garden grow...Yourselves uppluck'd would to his funeral hie.
ref: c. 1632, Giles Fletcher, Alexander Balloch Grosart, Christ's triumph over Death:
text: The gates of the toun hath he upplight, and on his bak ycaried them hath he, [...]
ref: 1829, The London encyclopaedia, The Canterbury Tales:
text: For to the seated hills they flew, Which loos'ning to and fro, Quickly upplucked by the roots And on their en'mys throw, [...]
ref: 1829, Zenas Campbell, Man's first estate and high revolt:
text: The tree of justice, plant thou: the root of ill-wishers, up-pluck.
ref: 1891, Ḥāfiẓ, The Dīvān: Volume 2:
glosses: To pluck up; pull up; deracinate.
uppricked
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From up- + pricked.
Senses: glosses: pricked up; upraised
upprop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: upprops
form: uppropping
form: uppropped
form: uppropped
Etymology: From up- + prop.
Senses: glosses: To prop up.
upraise
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: -eɪz
Forms: form: upraises
form: upraising
form: upraised
form: upraised
Etymology: From up- + raise.
Senses: examples: text: So fell those two in spight of both their prydes, / But Scudamour himselfe did soone vprayse, / And mounting light his foe for lying long vpbrayes.
ref: 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.i:
glosses: To raise something up; to elevate.
glosses: To move something upright; to erect.
uprear
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ʌpˈɹɪə(ɹ)/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: uprears
form: uprearing
form: upreared
form: upreared
Etymology: From Middle English upreren, equivalent to up- + rear.
Senses: examples: text: With tears, with blushes, sighs and clasped hands, / With innocent upreared arms to heaven, […]
ref: 1600 or 1601 (date written), I. M. [i.e., John Marston], Antonios Reuenge. The Second Part. […], London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, and are to be soulde [by Matthew Lownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, (please specify the page), (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
text: a huge peak, black and huge, as if with voluntary power instinct, upreared its head.
ref: 1850, William Wordsworth, The Prelude:
glosses: To raise something up; to rise up; to erect
upridged
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From up- + ridged.
Senses: glosses: raised up in ridges
uprighteously
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more uprighteously
form: most uprighteously
Etymology: From uprighteous + -ly.
Senses: glosses: in an uprighteous or just manner
uprighteous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more uprighteous
form: most uprighteous
Etymology: Blend of upright + righteous
Senses: glosses: Righteous.
Related terms: upright
righteous
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹaɪt͡ʃəs/
ipa: /ˈɹaɪtjəs/
ipa: /ˈɹaɪti.əs/
rhymes: -aɪtʃəs
Forms: form: more righteous
form: most righteous
form: rightuous
form: rightwise
Etymology: From earlier rightuous, rightwose, rightwos, rightwise, from Middle English rightwise, rightwis, from Old English rihtwīs (“righteous, just”), corresponding to right + -wise (with assimilation of second element to -ous), or to right + wise (“way, manner”). Cognate with Scots richtwis (“righteous”), Old High German rehtwīsic (“righteous, just”), Icelandic réttvíss (“righteous, just”). Compare also thefteous, mighteous.
Senses: examples: text: The wicked flee when no man pursueth: but the righteous are bolde as a lyon.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 28:1:
glosses: Free from sin or guilt.
examples: text: Human beings should take a righteous path, and so should art. We should promote kindness and beauty through art.
glosses: Moral and virtuous, perhaps to the point of sanctimony.
examples: righteous indignation
glosses: Justified morally.
examples: text: The sportos, the motorheads, geeks, sluts, bloods, wastoids, dweebies, dickheads - they all adore him. They think he's a righteous dude.
ref: 1986, John Hughes, Ferris Bueller's Day Off (Motion Picture), spoken by Grace Wheelberg (Edie McClurg):
text: He sold me a bulging paper sack full of Cambodian Red for two dolla' MPC. A strange experience, copping from a kid, but it was righteous weed.
ref: 1995, Norman L. Russell, Doug Grad, Suicide Charlie: A Vietnam War Story, page 191:
text: Tonight the kids will go out and party down in a more righteous mode. Alcohol and not a few tabs of X will be ingested. Club music will throb through big speakers.
ref: 2008, Stephen King, Graduation Afternoon:
glosses: Awesome; great.
examples: text: He found Richard in one piece near a large circular container, thankfully, staring at a righteous mess of blood and gore.
ref: 2021, G. S. Jennsen, Amaranthe V: Riven:
glosses: Major; large; significant.
Derived terms: overrighteous
Righteous Among the Nations
righteously
righteousness
self-righteous
unrighteous
uprighteous
Related terms: lefteous
righteous
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹaɪt͡ʃəs/
ipa: /ˈɹaɪtjəs/
ipa: /ˈɹaɪti.əs/
rhymes: -aɪtʃəs
Forms: form: righteouses
form: righteousing
form: righteoused
form: righteoused
form: rightuous
form: rightwise
Etymology: From earlier rightuous, rightwose, rightwos, rightwise, from Middle English rightwise, rightwis, from Old English rihtwīs (“righteous, just”), corresponding to right + -wise (with assimilation of second element to -ous), or to right + wise (“way, manner”). Cognate with Scots richtwis (“righteous”), Old High German rehtwīsic (“righteous, just”), Icelandic réttvíss (“righteous, just”). Compare also thefteous, mighteous.
Senses: examples: text: Thus for the purposes of being ‘righteoused’, the Law was irrelevant; yet Paul could not bear to see all the Law disappear.
ref: 2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 101:
glosses: To make righteous; specifically, to justify religiously, to absolve from sin.
uprightness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌʌpˈɹaɪtnəs/
Forms: form: uprightnesses
Etymology: From upright + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: You are responsible only for your own uprightness. See to that and all else will take care of itself. - Miles Williams Mathis
text: [S]uch as therefore ſhould not be adventured vpon vvithout mature and vnpartiall diſquiſition of the vprightneſſe of our affections therein, […]
ref: 1621 May 4 (date delivered; Gregorian calendar), Robert Saunderson [i.e., Robert Sanderson], “[Ad Clerum.] The Second Sermon. At a Visitation at Boston, Linc[olnshire] 24. April. 1621.”, in Twelve Sermons, […], [new] edition, London: […] Aug[ustine] Math[ews], for Robert Dawlman, and are to be sold by Robert Allet, […], published 1632, →OCLC, §. 18, pages 59–60:
glosses: The state of being honest, honourable, and moral.
examples: text: It is singular how forcibly this passage in my narrative brings to my mind a picture which used to be, some years ago, at a broker's—that charnel-house of the comforts and graces of life. It had been taken out of its frame, and leant in a dark and dusty corner against a perpendicular armchair, whose rigid uprightness seemed suited only to the parlour of a dentist, repose being the last idea it suggested.
ref: 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 119:
glosses: The state of being erect or vertical.
glosses: The product or result of being upright.
VSWR
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: VSWRs
Senses: glosses: Initialism of voltage standing wave ratio.
EC
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ECs
Senses: coordinate_terms: WC
glosses: Initialism of earth closet.
topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Initialism of edge combiner.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Initialism of electron capture.
topics: astronomy
geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: Initialism of enstatite chondrite.
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Initialism of entorhinal cortex.
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Initialism of ethylene carbonate.
glosses: Initialism of error correction.
glosses: Initialism of eye contact.
glosses: Initialism of emergency contraception
Related terms: english: diethylcarbonate
translation: diethylcarbonate
word: DEC
english: dimethylcarbonate
translation: dimethylcarbonate
word: DMC
english: ethylmethylcarbonate
translation: ethylmethylcarbonate
word: EMC
english: propylene carbonate
translation: propylene carbonate
word: PC
EC
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: qualifier: international law
glosses: Initialism of European Communities (1952–2009).
synonyms: EEC
qualifier: international law
glosses: Initialism of European Community (1958–1993).
topics: economics
government
politics
sciences
glosses: Initialism of European Commission.
topics: transport
glosses: Abbreviation of EuroCity.
Related terms: word: EU
EC
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Initialism of east/eastern Caribbean.
ZF
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Gödel's model is an example of a simple type of inner model that might be called a definable transitive inner model³), where the universe is replaced by a transitive subuniverse defined within ZF, the membership relation is just the original one restricted to the subuniverse, and where the axioms of ZF relativized to the subuniverse, are provable within ZF.
ref: 1967, Carol Karp, “A Proof of the Relative Consistency of the Continuum Hypothesis”, in John N. Crossley, editor, Sets, Models, and Recursion Theory, North-Holland, page 7:
text: 1971, Ulrich Felgner, Models of ZF-Set Theory, Springer, Lecture Notes in Mathematics 223, page 21,
1. Corollary: ZF is not finitely axiomatizable.
2. Corollary: ZF is reflexive (i.e. the consistency of every finite subtheory of ZF can be proved within ZF).
text: 1991 [Kluwer Academic], Fred Landman, Structures for Semantics, 1991, Springer, Softcover, page 56,
However, the problem with it, and the reason why it is not part of ZF strictly (apart from the fact that it implies the axiom of choice) is that it is rather arbitrary.
topics: mathematics
sciences
set-theory
glosses: Initialism of Zermelo-Fraenkel (set theory): a particular axiomatic formulation of set theory without the axiom of choice.