cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
irony
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪə.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/
Forms: form: more irony
form: most irony
Etymology: From Middle English hyrony, yreny, yrony, yrunny, equivalent to iron + -y.
Senses: examples: text: The food had an irony taste to it.
text: The scrap yard had bins marked for irony aluminum, such as aluminum engine blocks not wholly cleaned of bolts, studs, brackets, and so on.
text: Thus in Cornwall, and many parts of Germany and France, in mineral districts, an irony appearance of a vein, where seen at the crop, is regarded as favourable.
ref: 1860, William Somerville Orr, The Circle of the Sciences, page 269:
text: E. W. Baker, Main St. - No odor, good appearance, slight irony taste; pressure weak. But water which had stood in wash pitcher some three or four days showed pronounced odor.
ref: 1916, Report, volume 24, New Hampshire. State Department of Health, page 256:
text: There can be no doubt that persistent biking robs the female limb of its graceful contour and substitutes therefore the rugged protrusive muscles, the ungainly and irony look of the masculine leg.
ref: 1919, William Cowper Brann, The Complete Works of Brann, the Iconoclast, volume 11, page 41:
text: It [overgrazing] eventually causes a particularly hard irony surface to the soil which is perfectly unmistakable once you have seen it , and also certain weeds which are also unmistakable once you have seen them.
ref: 1927, “Minutes of Evidence Taken Before the Royal Commission on Agriculture”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Great Britain. Royal Commission on Agriculture in India, page 210:
text: Raspberries raw, stewing, jamming, pulping, take over my house during July, overlaying the richer, more irony smell of the blackcurrant – a contralto to a soprano.
ref: 2012, Jenny Joseph, Led By The Nose: A Garden of Smells:
text: There was nothing left, besides just the pile of files on my desk, and the irony look on Catherine's face.
ref: 2016, Shazia Ameerun, A First Move:
glosses: Of or pertaining to the metal iron.
Synonyms: ferric
ferrous
irony
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪə.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪə.ɹən.i/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/
ipa: /ˈaɪ.ɚ.ni/
Forms: form: ironies
Etymology: From Middle English hyrony, yreny, yrony, yrunny, equivalent to iron + -y.
Senses: examples: text: And before the season's over millions of "glassies" and "aggies" or "ironies" will change hands, and thousands more will manage to get themselves lost.
ref: 1968, Boys' Life, volume 58, number 5, page 10:
glosses: A kind of metallic marble.
practically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɹæktɪk(ə)li/
Forms: form: more practically
form: most practically
Etymology: From practical + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Stalin was not technically or legally the head of state but was practically so.
text: It is true that the Articles of the [Argentine] Constitution promise fair conditions under which to live; but, unfortunately, the self-same Constitution, in the hands of unscrupulous administrators, becomes so elastic as to be practically a dead letter.
ref: 1893, C. E. Akers, “The Argentine Position”, in Argentine, Patagonian, and Chilian Sketches, with a Few Notes on Uruguay., London: Harrison and Sons, page 12:
synonyms: de facto
effectively
coordinate_terms: de jure
glosses: In practice; in effect or in actuality, though possibly not officially, technically, or legally.
examples: text: Near-synonyms: effectively, nearly, virtually
text: He was practically uneducated, barely able to read and write a simple sentence.
text: If the ranchero had practically all the water near him, he had also practically all the cattle, […]
ref: 1898, E[merson] Hough, “The Round-Up”, in The Story of the Cowboy, New York: D. Appleton and Company, page 153:
text: The turnip is one of the lordliest vegetables in the world; its broth is practically a soup in itself.
ref: 1969, Robert Farrar Capon, “Living Water”, in The Supper of the Lamb: A Culinary Reflection:
text: The first summer on record that melts practically all of the Arctic’s floating sea ice could occur as early as the 2030s, according to a new scientific study — about a decade sooner than researchers previously predicted.
ref: 2023 June 6, Raymond Zhong, “Arctic Summer Could Be Practically Sea-Ice-Free by the 2030s”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 06 Jul 2023:
glosses: Almost completely; almost entirely.
examples: text: He wasn't very good with words or numbers; he was more of a practically minded person
text: He was practically educated and lacked theoretical depth.
glosses: With respect to practices or a practice.
examples: text: practically achievable
synonyms: practicably
coordinate_terms: easily
glosses: In a way that is practical: feasibly; unchallengingly.
Synonyms: all but
enormousness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From enormous + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: "The Last Emperor," written by Mark Peploe "with" (as the credits say) Mr. Bertolucci, may have been inhibited by the enormousness of its subject, and even by the apparently enthusiastic support of China, which acted as host to Mr. Bertolucci, his cast and production crew.
ref: 1987 November 20, Vincent Canby, “Film: 'Last Emperor,' an Epic”, in The New York Times:
text: I stood close to heartsick mourners and worried that I would not sustain the enormousness of their spiritual weight.
ref: 2024 September 17, Lauren DePino, “I Sang at Hundreds of Funerals. This Is What I Learned About Grief.”, in The New York Times Magazine:
glosses: Great size or magnitude.
Related terms: enormity
enormous
uninterested
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more uninterested
form: most uninterested
form: uninteressed
Etymology: From un- + interested.
Senses: examples: text: I was uninterested in the TV program, so I read a book instead.
text: Once the government had changed and we got a prime minister uninterested in - even hostile to - railways, the transition team was working in an atmosphere of uncertainty.
ref: 2024 March 20, Christian Wolmar, “NAO report highlights lack of clarity and purpose”, in RAIL, number 1005, page 34:
synonyms: word: nonchalant
word: unconcerned
word: adiaphroistic
word: apathetic
word: apathistical
word: blasé
word: deaf
word: cool
word: shiftless
word: dispassionate
word: dull
word: enervated
word: gallionic
word: halfhearted
word: heartless
word: impassive
word: ineffervescible
word: insouciant
word: indifferent
word: insensible
word: jaded
word: languid
word: languorous
word: Laodicean
word: lethargic
word: listless
word: lackadaisical
word: lotophagous
word: lukewarm
word: mopey
word: nonchalant
word: nonplussed
word: phlegmatic
word: pococurante
word: spiritless
word: supine
word: tepid
word: torpid
word: torpedinous
word: unaroused
word: uncaring
word: unconcerned
word: unenthusiastic
word: unimpressible
word: uninterested
word: unlively
word: unmoved
word: untouched
word: unzealous
word: world-weary
glosses: Not interested; indifferent, not concerned.
examples: text: The judge was uninterested in the case.
synonyms: word: detached
word: objective
word: candid
word: cold
word: clinical
word: detached
word: egal
word: equal
word: equitable
word: evenhanded
word: fairhanded
word: fair-minded
word: disinterested
word: dispassionate
word: impartial
word: imprejudicate
word: indifferent
word: indistinguishing
word: neuter
word: neutral
word: nonaligned
word: nonpartial
word: nonpartisan
word: nonpersonal
word: objective
word: unbiased
word: unbigoted
word: uninterested
word: unpartial
word: unpartisan
word: unprejudiced
word: unprepossessed
glosses: Unmotivated by personal interest; unbiased, disinterested.
Related terms: disinterested
shave
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: shāv
ipa: /ʃeɪv/
rhymes: -eɪv
Forms: form: shaves
Etymology: From Middle English shave, from Old English sceafa, from Proto-Germanic *skabô.
Senses: examples: text: I instructed the barber to give me a shave.
glosses: An instance of shaving.
examples: text: a jolly mealy 'tator, with a shave of butter, and a shake of pepper
ref: 1859, Guillaume Sulpice Chevallier, Albert Richard Smith, Sketches of London life & character:
glosses: A thin slice; a shaving.
examples: text: yea, tis knowable that the paper money of some of them would not pass, comparatively speaking, much, if any, beyond the smoke of the chimney from whence 'twas issued and circulated before you, or those who had it would have to take a broker's shave on it , at the rate of from a ¼, to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, or more per cent, before it could be used as solvently available means of payment.
ref: 1838, Levin Lawrence, No. I. of a series of Letters addressed to N. Biddle, page 13:
text: Being unable to pay the note at maturity, Laws went with Starr to one Snyder, to whom the note was sold at a “shave,” as the parties called it, of 10 per cent.
ref: 1854, Horace E. Carter, Albert Gallatin Porter, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Judicature of the State of Indiana; Volume 4, page 192:
glosses: An exorbitant discount on a note.
examples: text: If this were a dishonest transaction, why did the companies settle? If it were not, why did the heirs submit to a shave of one-half their claims?
ref: 1874, The Insurance Journal: A Review of Fire and Life Insurance:
text: Where S made a note to raise money upon, and H, agreeing to discount it for a shave of six dollars, received the note and soon returned with the check of V for the amount of such note, less legal discount, payable to the order of S, and he drew the money thereon and having no knowldge of the agreement or of the payment,–Held, that V was not guilty of usury, but was entitled to recover on the note.
ref: 1877, William Wait, A Digest of New York Reports: From 1872 to 1876:
text: He expected to pay the expenses of examining the titles, yet claims that the whole sum paid was a shave.
ref: 1878, Court of Appeals, page 7:
glosses: A premium paid for an extension of the time of delivery or payment, or for the right to vary a stock contract in any particular.
glosses: A hand tool, mainly for woodworking, consisting of a sharp blade with a handle at each end.
examples: text: "[…] I had an awful shave getting into the harbour," remarked Archie.
ref: 1919, Edward Frederic Benson, Across the Stream:
glosses: A narrow miss or escape; a close shave.
Derived terms: close shave
green shave
near shave
permanent shave
point-shave
shave and a haircut
shave hook
shave-hook
shave horse
shave ice
shave soap
shave stick
shaven
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: enpr: shā′vən
ipa: /ˈʃeɪ.vən/
rhymes: -eɪvən
Senses: examples: text: This is the Prieſt all ſhaven and ſhorn, that married the man all tattered and torn[.]
ref: 1784, The House that Jack Built, page 8:
glosses: Having been shaved.
Derived terms: clean-shaven
shaven latten
unshaven
shaven
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: shā′vən
ipa: /ˈʃeɪ.vən/
rhymes: -eɪvən
Senses: glosses: past participle of shave
iterate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɪtəɹeɪt/
ipa: /ˈaɪtəɹeɪt/
ipa: /ˈɪtəɹeɪt/
ipa: [ˈɪɾəɹeɪt]
ipa: /ˈɪtəɹæɪt/
ipa: [ˈɪɾəɹæɪt]
Forms: form: iterates
form: iterating
form: iterated
form: iterated
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1471, in Middle English, the verb in 1533, the noun in 1941; partly inherited from Middle English iterat(e) (adjective), partly borrowed from Latin iterātus, perfect passive participle of iterō (“to do something for a second time, repeat”) (see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3)) , from iterum (“again”) + -ō. Sporadical participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: The max() function iterates through the data to find the highest value.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
synonyms: word: reiterate
word: iterate
word: reiterate
word: repeat
word: reprise
glosses: To perform or repeat an action on each item in a set.
examples: text: In mathematics, an iterated function is a function which is composed with itself, possibly ad infinitum, in a process called iteration.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: To perform or repeat an action on the results of each such prior action.
examples: text: to iterate advice
text: Nor Eve to iterate / Her former trespass feared.
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
text: "Where's your money?" Jack exclaimed, hoarsely, in a well-feigned voice.
"Ah! where's the rowdy?" iterated Clayton, in a tone it was impossible to conceal.
ref: 1842, William Leman Rede, The Royal Rake: and the Adventures of Alfred Chesterton, page 25:
glosses: To utter or do a second time or many times; to repeat.
examples: text: For NASA and most private aerospace companies, a single crash is a setback that can take years to recover from. SpaceX works more like a Silicon Valley startup, where the goal is to fail quickly and iterate.
ref: December 13 2021, Molly Ball, Jeffrey Kluger, Alejandro de la Garza, “Elon Musk: Person of the Year 2021”, in Time Magazine, archived from the original on 13 Dec 2021:
topics: arts
design
glosses: To repeat an activity, making incremental changes each time.
Derived terms: iteratee
iterator
noniterated
Related terms: iteration
iterative
reiterate
iterate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈɪtərət/
Forms: form: iterates
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1471, in Middle English, the verb in 1533, the noun in 1941; partly inherited from Middle English iterat(e) (adjective), partly borrowed from Latin iterātus, perfect passive participle of iterō (“to do something for a second time, repeat”) (see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3)) , from iterum (“again”) + -ō. Sporadical participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: An important example of such a semigroup in infinite dimensional Hilbert space is the weak operator closed monothetic semigroup generated by a linear operator with equibounded iterates.
ref: 2011, M. A. Kaashoek, T. T. West, Locally Compact Semi-Algebras, page 8:
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: An n-fold self-composition of a function.
examples: text: f²(x₀) is the second iterate of x₀ under f.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: The image of a certain value under such a function.
iterate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: The adjective is first attested in 1471, in Middle English, the verb in 1533, the noun in 1941; partly inherited from Middle English iterat(e) (adjective), partly borrowed from Latin iterātus, perfect passive participle of iterō (“to do something for a second time, repeat”) (see -ate (etymology 1, 2 and 3)) , from iterum (“again”) + -ō. Sporadical participial usage of the adjective up until Early Modern English.
Senses: examples: text: When our faith is otherwise well enough known, there needs no iterate confession, saith Baldwin, which if, as he saith, it be vain boasting rather than a Christian vertue in us to offer it, it can be no lesse than needlesse, imperious usurpation in them to call as to it.
ref: 1657, William Morice, Coena quasi koinē:
synonyms: see Thesaurus:repeated
glosses: Said or done again; repeated.
examples: text: Therfore I beseche you brethren doe not neglect this holsome & profitable sacrament, but diligently consyder what ayde and what grace is geuen vnto you in it, & if by your necgligence & fal ye haue lost that grace, for a great part: yet it may be recouered agayne, not by a newe Confirmation, which may not be iterate, but by your inward conuersion & faythfull penaunce, and after ye bee risen and haue recouered your strength agayne, than take better hede, and do not make heauye, nor dryue not a∣way the holy ghost from you, who flieth alwaies from fained ypocrisy & wil not dwel in that body that is subiect and seruaunt to synne
ref: 1558, Thomas Watson, Sermon V, of the Sacrament of Confirmation, in Holsome and catholyke doctryne concerninge the seuen Sacramentes of Chrystes Church expedient to be knowen of all men, set forth in maner of shorte sermons to bee made to the people, page XXVIII:
glosses: Iterated.
raw_tags: as a participle
circumspect
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈsɜː.kəm.spɛkt/
ipa: /ˈsɝ.kəm.spɛkt/
Forms: form: more circumspect
form: most circumspect
Etymology: From Latin circumspectō (“look around”).
Senses: examples: text: Being aware of the danger of upsetting her audience, she was somewhat circumspect in her comments.
text: Comment must be circumspect until fuller particulars are available, [...].
ref: 1959 March, “Talking of Trains: Scottish reorganisation”, in Trains Illustrated, page 119:
synonyms: cautious
chary
prudent
thoughtful
vigilant
wary
glosses: Carefully aware of all circumstances; considerate of all that is pertinent.
Derived terms: circumspective
circumspectly
circumspectness
incircumspect
overcircumspect
uncircumspect
Related terms: circumspection
circumspectly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more circumspectly
form: most circumspectly
Etymology: From circumspect + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Coverage of Mr. Carter’s many Monitor Breakfasts reveals a man ready to shake things up, in his own way. At the 1974 gathering, when he publicly revealed his presidential aspirations, he said he would ask for the power to use wage and price controls to address the struggling economy – “but I would use it circumspectly,” he added.
ref: 1974, Jimmy Carter, quoted in: Harry Bruinius, For Jimmy Carter, a life of service, defined by faith, in: The Christian Science Monitor, December 29 2024
glosses: In a circumspect manner; with consideration for all that is pertinent.
skeptic
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɛp.tɪk/
rhymes: -ɛptɪk
Forms: form: skeptics
form: sceptic
form: sceptick
form: skeptick
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French sceptique (but with a pronunciation closer to that of the Greek etymon), or possibly directly from Late Latin scepticus (originally attested only in the plural Scepticī (“the sect of Skeptics”)), from Ancient Greek σκεπτικός (skeptikós, “thoughtful, inquiring”), from σκέπτομαι (sképtomai, “I consider”), compare to σκοπέω (skopéō, “I view, examine”).
Senses: examples: text: But for the fly he might have made me think He had been at his poetry , comparing Nailhead with fly and fly with huckleberry : How like a fly , how very like a fly . But the real fly he missed would never do ; The missed fly made me dangerously skeptic.[…]
ref: 1997, Robert Faggen, Robert Frost and the Challenge of Darwin, University of Michigan Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 98:
text: The official account of this meeting was that it ended in failure, with the Taliban's mullah Omar telling General Ahmed, “Osama will be the last person to leave Afghanistan.” The 9/11 skeptics believe that meeting was meant to fail.
ref: 2004, Anthony Lappé, Stephen Marshall, Ian Inaba, True Lies, Plume Books:
text: Even skeptics of the policy acknowledge that the Army conducted an exemplary insourcing program that successfully counteracted the Comptroller's budget ...
ref: 2011 June 23, United States House Committee on Small Business, Subcommittee on Contracting and Workforce, Insourcing Gone Awry: Outsourcing Small Business Jobs, page 53
text: The Buddha's perfect body is particularly important in these tropes, and it serves to persuade skeptics of his claims to ultimate authority.
ref: 2012, John Powers, A Bull of a Man, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 22:
text: Skeptics of this alliance were proven right because this partnership lasted only for a few years. Once Albania broke off diplomatic relations […]
ref: 2013, Dr Helga Turku, Isolationist States in an Interdependent World, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., →ISBN, page 113:
coordinate_terms: cynic
glosses: Someone who doubts beliefs, claims, plans, etc that are accepted by others as true or appropriate, especially one who habitually does so.
glosses: Someone who is skeptical towards religion.
raw_tags: in particular
Derived terms: climate skeptic
Euroskeptic
pseudoskeptic
Related terms: skeptical
skepticism
skeptic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɛp.tɪk/
rhymes: -ɛptɪk
Forms: form: more skeptic
form: most skeptic
form: sceptic
form: sceptick
form: skeptick
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French sceptique (but with a pronunciation closer to that of the Greek etymon), or possibly directly from Late Latin scepticus (originally attested only in the plural Scepticī (“the sect of Skeptics”)), from Ancient Greek σκεπτικός (skeptikós, “thoughtful, inquiring”), from σκέπτομαι (sképtomai, “I consider”), compare to σκοπέω (skopéō, “I view, examine”).
Senses: examples: text: This view of the Great Pyramid is being adopted by a widening circle of Christian believers, until even a skeptic scientist has dignified it as “the religion of the Pyramid!”
ref: 1877 November 28, The Lancaster Daily; quoted in Joseph A[ugustus] Seiss, A Miracle in Stone: or The Great Pyramid of Egypt, Philadelphia, Pa.: Porter & Coates, […], 1877, page 239:
text: No one but you can convince my heart, the stubborn, skeptic heart of mine to break the bad habit of breaking away.
ref: 2019, “Heart’s Confessions” by Rawda el-Haj, quotee, translated by Adil Babikir, Modern Sudanese Poetry: An Anthology, Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page xxvii:
text: With an increase in divorce rates and half of them growing up with divorced parents, they have a very skeptic view of the concept of ‘happily ever after’.
ref: 2021, Madhavi Menon, “The Mystery of Love”, in Nirmal Rathore, compiler, Beginning, Suvidhi Publishing House, →ISBN, page 45:
glosses: Skeptical.
Derived terms: Euroskeptic
schedule
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈʃɛd͡ʒuːl/
note: yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈskɛd͡ʒuːl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈʃɛdjuːl/
note: without the yod-coalescence
ipa: /ˈskɛdjuːl/
ipa: /ˈskɛd͡ʒʊl/
ipa: /ˈskɛd͡ʒ(u)(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈskɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈʃɛd͡ʒu(ə)l/
ipa: /ˈʃed͡ʒʉːl/
ipa: /ˈsked͡ʒʉːl/
ipa: /ˈskedjʉːl/
note: Indic
ipa: /ʃɛˈɖ(j)ul/
note: Indic
ipa: /sk(ʰ)ɛˈɖ(j)ul/
ipa: /ˈskɛd͡ʒuəl/
note: l-vocalisation
ipa: [skʰɛ˥d͡ʒow˩]
ipa: /ˈsɛdjuːl/
ipa: /ˈsɛd͡ʒuːl/
Forms: form: schedules
form: scheduling
form: scheduled
form: scheduled
form: Schedule
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English cedule, from Middle French cedule (whence French cédule), from Old French cedule, from Late Latin schedula (“papyrus strip”), diminutive of Latin scheda, from Ancient Greek σχέδη (skhédē, “papyrus leaf”), from Proto-Hellenic *skʰíďďō, from Proto-Indo-European *skid-yé-ti, from *skeyd- (“to divide, split”). Doublet of cedula and cedule.
This word was historically pronounced /ˈsɛdjuːl/, /ˈsɛdʒuːl/; the pronunciations with /ʃ/ and /sk/ are due to the spelling (the latter may have been reinforced by learned influence); compare schism.
Senses: glosses: To create a time-schedule.
examples: text: The next elections are scheduled on the twentieth of November.
synonyms: make
glosses: To plan (an activity or event) for a specific date or time.
examples: text: I am scheduled for classes next month.
text: I'll schedule you for three-o'clock then.
synonyms: sign up
register#Verb
enroll
book#Verb
glosses: To add (a name) to the list of those participating in an event; to reserve a place or time for.
examples: text: whether or not to schedule a patient
topics: medicine
sciences
synonyms: word: section
word: commit
glosses: To admit (a person) to hospital as an involuntary patient under a schedule of the applicable mental health law.
examples: text: Many harm reduction groups and drug policy experts question the long-term efficacy of scheduling xylazine.
ref: 2023 April 20, Jan Hoffman, “The Fight Over a Drug That Is Great for Horses but Horrific for Humans”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: To classify as a controlled substance.
Derived terms: misschedule
overschedule
preschedule
reschedule
scheduler
underschedule
unschedule
unscheduled
paedophile
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈpɛ.dəʉˌfɑɪl/
ipa: /ˈpiː.dəˌfaɪl/
Forms: form: paedophiles
Etymology: From paedo- + -phile.
Senses: examples: text: A "watchtower" Website, keeping track of paedophile groups around the world, is expected to be up and running next year. The campaign will also liaise with law enforcement agencies around the world and share information on suspected Internet paedophiles.
ref: 1999 June, “Unesco steps up fight against Internet paedophiles”, in BBC News:
glosses: Commonwealth standard spelling of pedophile.
Derived terms: antipaedophile
paedophile-phobia
paedophilophile
Twelve Days of Christmas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: The Twelve Days of Christmas
Senses: glosses: The season or time made up of the twelve days between Christmas and Epiphany; Christmas season, Christmas time, Christmastide, Twelvetide. The Christmas season traditionally ended with the feast of the Epiphany on January 6.
glosses: An 18th-century English Christmas carol which describes a series of successively grand gifts given on each of the twelve days of Christmas.
Synonyms: Christmas season
Christmastide
Christmas time
Twelvetide
Related terms: Advent
Epiphany
vitamin
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɪt.ə.mɪn/
ipa: /ˈvaɪ.tə.mɪn/
ipa: [ˈvʌɪ.ɾə.mɪn]
ipa: /ˈvɑɪ.tə.mən/
ipa: [ˈvɑɪ.ɾə.mən]
ipa: /ˈvɨt.ə.mɨn/
ipa: /vaɪ̯ˈt̪aː.mɪn̪/
ipa: /baɪ̯ˈt̪aː.mɪn̪/
Forms: form: vitamins
form: vitamining
form: vitamined
form: vitamined
Etymology: 1920, originally vitamine (1912), from Latin vīta (“life”) (see vital) + amine (see amino acids). Vitamine coined by Polish biochemist Casimir Funk after the initial discovery of aberic acid (thiamine), when it was thought that all such nutrients would be amines. The term had become ubiquitous by the time it was discovered that vitamin C, among others, had no amine component. In 1920, British biochemist Jack Drummond proposed that the final -e be dropped to deemphasize the amine reference. The ending -in was acceptable because it was used for natural substances of undefined composition. Drummond also introduced the lettering system of nomenclature (Vitamin A, B, C, etc.) at this same time.
Senses: glosses: To fortify with vitamins.
Related terms: vitamer
resolute
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɛ.zəˌl(j)uːt/
ipa: /ˌɹɛ.zəˈl(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
Forms: form: more resolute
form: most resolute
Etymology: From Latin resolutus (“released”), past participle of resolvō (“I release, I unbind”) (re- + solvō, whence solve).
Compare typologically Russian реши́тельный (rešítelʹnyj) (< реши́ть (rešítʹ)).
Senses: examples: text: She was resolute in her determination to resist his romantic advances.
text: He was resolute in his decision to stay.
text: Edward is at hand, / Ready to fight; therefore be resolute.
ref: c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:
text: If the Coward Bumble Bee / In his chimney corner stay, / I, must resoluter be!
ref: a. 1887 (date written), Emily Dickinson, “I'm the little “Heart's Ease”!”, in Martha Dickinson Bianchi and Alfred Leete Hampson, editors, Further Poems of Emily Dickinson, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, and Company, published 1929, page 69:
text: Villa had plenty of opportunities to make the game safe after a shaky start and despite not reaching any great heights, they were resolute enough to take control of the game in the second half.
ref: 2011 April 10, Alistair Magowan, “Aston Villa 1 - 0 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: Firm, unyielding, determined.
glosses: Convinced; satisfied; sure.
Synonyms: sturdy
Derived terms: resolutely
resoluteness
resolute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɛ.zəˌl(j)uːt/
ipa: /ˌɹɛ.zəˈl(j)uːt/
rhymes: -uːt
Forms: form: resolutes
Etymology: From Latin resolutus (“released”), past participle of resolvō (“I release, I unbind”) (re- + solvō, whence solve).
Compare typologically Russian реши́тельный (rešítelʹnyj) (< реши́ть (rešítʹ)).
Senses: glosses: A determined person; one showing resolution.
examples: text: vector resolute
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: A projection onto an arbitrary vector.
Dickensian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈkɛn.zɪ.ən/
ipa: /dəˈkɛn.zi.ən/
Forms: form: Dickensians
Etymology: From Dickens (the surname of Charles Dickens (1812–1870)) + -ian (suffix forming adjectives or nouns meaning ‘belonging to, relating to, or like’).
Senses: synonyms: word: Dickensite
glosses: A person who admires or studies the works of Charles Dickens.
succedaneum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /sʌksɪˈdeɪnɪəm/
Forms: form: succedaneums
form: succedanea
Etymology: Modern Latin, neuter singular of Latin succēdāneus (“acting as substitute”).
Senses: examples: text: It is not your purses that suffer; your farm-rents, your commerces, your mill-revenues, loud as ye lament over these; no, it is not these alone, but a far deeper than these: it is your Souls that lie dead, crushed down under despicable Nightmares, Atheisms, Brain-fumes; and are not Souls at all, but mere succedanea for salt to keep your bodies and their appetites from putrefying!
ref: 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “chapter XIII, Democracy”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, →OCLC, book III (The Modern Worker):
text: It had not been ordered by Mr. Rerechild, the Barchester doctor whom she employed; and then the young mother mentioned some shockingly modern succedaneum, which Mr. Rerechild's new lights had taught him to recommend.
ref: 1857, Anthony Trollope, “Mr. Arabin Reads Himself in at St. Ewold’s”, in Barchester Towers. […], copyright edition, volume I, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, published 1859, →OCLC, page 289:
text: Because it is only a dream, and as such no succedaneum for life, I fight very well; considering that they have all jumped in now and I am being beaten bloody and senseless by a phalanx of cashmere clubs, I hold my legs much longer than I should, hold them until I am suddenly engulfed by this new, this incomprehensible America.
ref: 1968, Frederick Exley, A Fan’s Notes, page 385:
text: Not a succedaneum for satisfying the nympholepsy of nullifidians, it is hoped that the haecceity of this enchiridion of arcane and recondite sesquipedalian items will appeal to the oniomania of an eximious Gemeinschaft whose legerity and sophrosyne, whose Sprachgefühl and orexis will find more than fugacious fulfillment among its felicific pages.
ref: 2002, Laurence Urdang, New York Times Everyday Reader’s Dictionary of Misunderstood, Misused, and Mispronounced words: Words We Know (until someone asks us what they mean), foreword, →ISBN:
text: Mason, hands in the dough, watch’d his father openly, feeling the pain in his arms, the pale mass seething with live resistance,– hungry peoples’ invention to fill in for times of no Meat, and presently a Succedaneum for Our Lord’s own Flesh…The baker’s trade terrified the young man.
ref: 2004, Thomas Pynchon, Mason & Dixon, →ISBN, page 205:
glosses: A substitute, replacement for something else, particularly of a medicine used in place of another.
Related terms: caput succedaneum
succedaneaflavanone
succedaneous
antilogy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ænˈtɪləd͡ʒi/
Forms: form: antilogies
Senses: glosses: A contradiction in related terms or ideas. Usually an inconsistency in syllogisms, of a person or group supposedly of one set of ideals.
lechery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɛt͡ʃ.əɹ.i/
Forms: form: lecheries
Etymology: From Old French and Anglo-Norman lecherie. See lecher.
Senses: examples: text: Again we read at page 174: “Instead of the Universal Roman Catholic Church there existed after 1650 the National Catholic Churches of Spain, France, Austria, Poland, etc. more subject to the Royal supremacy than to the Papal, not, however, so completely as in England.” This is obviously an exaggeration. There never existed in the countries mentioned, least of all in Spain, any National Catholic Church. There would not have existed any such contradictorially-named organization even in England had it not been for the lechery of Henry VIII. Other similar misstatements might be noticed here and there. The author's intention, however, to be just is patent and his success in this respect is noteworthy.
ref: 1916 March, “Criticisms and Notes: Burgess: The Reconciliation of Government with Liberty”, in American Ecclesiastical Review, volume LIV, number 3, Philadelphia: The Dolphin Press, pages 373–374:
text: The seeds and roots of the water lily are likewise considered a preventative against lechery.
ref: 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 16:
text: And it’s not just down to lechery – even, say, someone who opted out of dating the be-penised around 10 years ago looked at all of these things – you bet I looked. I even devoted intricate craft project time to some of it.
ref: 2016 August 5, Phoebe-Jane Boyd, “Does Orlando Bloom’s pixellated penis rectify Hollywood’s double standards?”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Inordinate indulgence in sexual activity.
Synonyms: lewdness
Related terms: lech
lecher
lecherous
castigate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/
ipa: /ˈkæs.tə.ɡeɪt/
Forms: form: castigates
form: castigating
form: castigated
form: castigated
Etymology: First attested in the beginnin of the 17ᵗʰ century; borrowed from Latin castīgātus, perfect passive participle of castīgō (“to reprove”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from castus (“pure, chaste”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut”). Doublet of chastise and chasten, taken through Old French. See also chaste.
Senses: examples: text: Perhaps disarmed by his own scandalous behaviour with Bathsheba, he was in no position to castigate his son for a similar fault.
ref: 1999, Robert P. Gordon, I & II Samuel: A Commentary, Zondervan, page 264:
glosses: To punish or reprimand someone severely.
examples: text: God doth indurate, when hee doth not by and by caſtigate a ſynner.
ref: 1573, The Whole Workes of W. Tyndall, Iohn Frith, and Doct. Barnes, Three Worthy Martyrs And Principall Teachers of this Churche of England, Iohn Daye, page 280:
text: The curse of avarice and cupidity / Is all my sermon, for it frees the pelf. / Out come the pence, and specially for myself, / For my exclusive purpose is to win / And not at all to castigate their sin.
ref: 1951, Geoffrey Chaucer, translated by Nevill Coghill, The Canterbury Tales: Translated into Modern English (Penguin Classics), Penguin Books, published 1977, page 261:
text: But despite all this, for Barkan, the universalist notion of an 'Ottoman feudalism' was anathema: he castigated this idea as the concentrated expression of the anti-Ottomanism of the Kemalist Enlightenment.
ref: 2016, Halil Berktay, Suraiya Faroqhi, New Approaches to State and Peasant in Ottoman History, Routledge, page 150:
text: Lewis should have castigated the reasoning employed rather than the emotion, which offers no clue as to which side of the argument a person will adopt.
ref: 2001, Klaus R. Scherer, Angela Schorr, Tom Johnstone, Appraisal Processes in Emotion: Theory, Methods, Research, Oxford University Press, page 59:
text: From the outset, this issue becomes an often double-edged sword wherein Japan is both valorized and castigated.
ref: 2012, James King, Under Foreign Eyes: Western Cinematic Adaptations of Postwar Japan, John Hunt Publishing, page 1:
glosses: To execrate or condemn something in a harsh manner, especially by public criticism.
glosses: To revise or make corrections to a publication.
Synonyms: sense: to punish severely
word: chastise
sense: to punish severely
word: punish
sense: to punish severely
word: rebuke
sense: to punish severely
word: reprimand
sense: to criticize severely
word: condemn
sense: to criticize severely
word: lambaste
sense: to revise a publication
word: correct
sense: to revise a publication
word: revise
Derived terms: castigant
castigator
uncastigated
castigate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈkæs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/
ipa: /ˈkæs.tə.ɡeɪt/
Forms: form: more castigate
form: most castigate
Etymology: First attested in the beginnin of the 17ᵗʰ century; borrowed from Latin castīgātus, perfect passive participle of castīgō (“to reprove”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from castus (“pure, chaste”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to cut”). Doublet of chastise and chasten, taken through Old French. See also chaste.
Senses: glosses: Subdued, chastened, moderated
glosses: Revised and emended
rebuke
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹiˈbjuːk/
ipa: /ɹɪˈbjuːk/
rhymes: -uːk
Forms: form: rebukes
Etymology: From Middle English rebuken, from Anglo-Norman rebuker (“to beat back, repel”), from re- + Old French *buker, buchier, buschier (“to strike, hack down, chop”), from busche (“wood”), from Vulgar Latin *busca (“wood, grove”), from Frankish *busk (“grove”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush”); equivalent to re- + bush.
Senses: examples: text: There was the sternness of an old-fashioned Tour patron in his rebuke to the young Frenchman Pierre Rolland, the only one to ride away from the peloton and seize the opportunity for a lone attack before being absorbed back into the bunch, where he was received with coolness.
ref: 2012 July 15, Richard Williams, “Tour de France 2012: Carpet tacks cannot force Bradley Wiggins off track”, in Guardian Unlimited:
text: U.S. Vice President JD Vance met Saturday with the Vatican's No. 2 official, following a remarkable papal rebuke of the Trump administration’s crackdown on migrants and Vance’s theological justification of it.
ref: 2025 April 19, Nicole Winfield, “JD Vance visits the Vatican for Easter after papal rebuke over Trump's migrant crackdown”, in The Christian Science Monitor:
text: With his emphasis on accepting the science (he was a trained chemist) – and hence his stern rebuke to the climate change deniers and the politicians who courted them – he even managed to reset the relationship between science and religion, which had been rocky ever since Galileo fell foul of the Inquisition 400 years earlier.
ref: 2025 April 21, Peter Stanford, “Pope Francis obituary”, in The Guardian:
glosses: A harsh criticism.
raw_tags: of a person
Synonyms: reproach
reproof
reproval
reprehension
reprimand
admonition
rebuke
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɹiˈbjuːk/
ipa: /ɹɪˈbjuːk/
rhymes: -uːk
Forms: form: rebukes
form: rebuking
form: rebuked
form: rebuked
Etymology: From Middle English rebuken, from Anglo-Norman rebuker (“to beat back, repel”), from re- + Old French *buker, buchier, buschier (“to strike, hack down, chop”), from busche (“wood”), from Vulgar Latin *busca (“wood, grove”), from Frankish *busk (“grove”), from Proto-Germanic *buskaz (“bush”); equivalent to re- + bush.
Senses: examples: text: O Lord, do not rebuke me in Your anger or discipline me in Your wrath.
ref: 2011, Biblica, Holy Bible: New International Version, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, →ISBN, 6:(please specify the verse(s)):
synonyms: word: reprimand
word: reproach
word: reprove
word: reprehend
word: admonish
word: animadvert
word: admonish
word: bash
word: bawl out
word: blast
word: derogate
word: berate
word: berisp
word: castigate
word: censure
word: chastise
word: chew out
word: chide
word: condemn
word: criticize
word: denounce
word: denunciate
word: drag
word: dress down
word: eat someone alive
word: excoriate
word: find fault
word: fulminate
word: get down
word: get up
word: give somebody a piece of one's mind
word: give somebody what-for
word: inveigh
word: lace into
word: lambaste
word: lay into
word: lecture
word: light into
word: objurgate
word: pooh-pooh
word: put someone on blast
word: rate
word: read somebody the riot act
word: rebuke
word: reprehend
word: reprimand
word: reproach
word: reprove
word: rip into
word: rubbish
word: savage
word: scold
word: slam
word: tear into
word: tell off
word: threap
word: tick off
word: tosh
word: keelhaul
word: upbraid
word: vilify
word: vituperate
glosses: To criticise harshly; to reprove.
raw_tags: of a person
veritable
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈvɛ.ɹɪ.tə.bl/
Forms: form: more veritable
form: most veritable
Etymology: From Middle French veritable, from Old French veritable, from Latin veritabilis.
Senses: examples: text: He is a veritable genius.
text: A fair is a veritable smorgasbord.
text: The ideal man of the Middle Ages was free of all fear because he was sure of salvation, certain of eternal bliss. He was the saint, and the saint, not the knight nor the troubadour, is the veritable ideal of the Middle Ages.
ref: 1942, Alfred Gallinek, “Psychogenic Disorders and the Civilization of the Middle Ages”, in The American Journal of Psychiatry, volume 99, number 1, page 47:
glosses: True; genuine.
examples: text: From 1748, a veritable troop of elocution experts declared war on Scots diction, providing inspirational lectures, books and yet more lists for diligent anglophiles to memorise.
ref: 2023, Clive Young, “chapter three: From Union to Devolution”, in Unlocking Scots: The Secret Life of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Luath Press Limited, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 75:
glosses: As an intensifier: absolute, indisputable.
blackguard
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblæɡəd/
ipa: /ˈblæɡɚd/
rhymes: -æɡə(ɹ)d
Forms: form: blackguards
form: blackguarding
form: blackguarded
form: blackguarded
form: blaggard
Etymology: From black + guard, thought to have referred originally to the scullions and lower menials of a court, or of a nobleman's household, who wore black liveries or blacked shoes and boots, or were often stained with soot.
Senses: examples: text: Persons who passed each other in boats upon the Thames used to blackguard each other, in a trial of wit
ref: 1850, Robert Southey, English Manners:
text: The Southern Region takes, in the main, a candid line with its public. […] An ill-informed attempt to blackguard the railway publicly is likely to see the complainant put politely—but very firmly—in his place.
ref: 1962 August, “Let's have plain speaking”, in Modern Railways, page 73:
text: And then the drink is very pleasant to us, and keeps up our spirits; for what could a woman in my position do without spirits, without being able to talk and blackguard and give every fellow she meets as good as he brings?
ref: 1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, published 1861:
glosses: To revile or abuse in scurrilous language.
glosses: To act like a blackguard; to be a scoundrel.
ghastly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɑːs(t).li/
ipa: /ˈɡas(t).li/
ipa: /ˈɡæs(t).li/
rhymes: -ɑːstli (RP)
rhymes: -æstli (US, Northern England, Scotland)
Forms: form: ghastlier
form: ghastliest
Etymology: From a conflation of gastly, from Middle English gastly, from gasten (from Old English gǣstan (“to torment, frighten”)) + -ly, and ghostly (which was also spelt gastlich in Middle English). Equivalent to ghast/gast + -ly. Spelling with gh developed in the 16th century due to the conflation.
Senses: examples: text: Each turned his face with a ghastly pang.
ref: 1797–1798 (date written), [Samuel Taylor Coleridge], “The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere”, in Lyrical Ballads, with a Few Other Poems, London: […] J[ohn] & A[rthur] Arch, […], published 1798, →OCLC:
text: His face was so ghastly that it could scarcely be recognized.
ref: 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XI, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
text: "My men grow mutinous day by day; / My men grow ghastly wan and weak." / The stout mate thought of home; a spray / Of salt wave washed his swarthy cheek.
ref: 1892, Joaquin Miller, Columbus
text: They gathered soberly in the farthest recess of the ward and gossiped about him in malicious, offended undertones, rebelling against his presence as a ghastly imposition and resenting him malevolently for the nauseating truth of which he was bright reminder.
ref: 1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, “The Soldier in White”, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC, page 169:
glosses: Like a ghost in appearance; death-like; pale; pallid; dismal.
examples: text: Mangled with ghastly wounds through plate and mail.
ref: 1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
text: They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.
ref: 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
glosses: Horrifyingly shocking.
examples: text: The play was simply ghastly.
glosses: Extremely bad.
Synonyms: sense: horrifyingly shocking
word: lurid
sense: horrifyingly shocking
word: grisly
sense: horrifyingly shocking
word: gruesome
Derived terms: ghast
ghastlily
ghastliness
unghastly