cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
scrimshaw
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɹɪmʃɔː/
ipa: /ˈskɹɪmˌʃɔ/
ipa: /-ˌʃɑ/
Forms: form: scrimshaws
form: scrimshawing
form: scrimshawed
form: scrimshawed
Etymology: The origin of the verb is unknown, but it has possibly been influenced by the surname Scrimshaw. Various etymologies have been proposed (for example, that it derives from scrimshank (“(Britain, military slang) to be idle, to shirk duty”)), but the Oxford English Dictionary does not consider any of them convincing.
The noun is probably derived from the verb.
Senses: topics: nautical
transport
glosses: To create (a small ornamental handicraft also called a scrimshaw) by carving or engraving on bone (originally whalebone or whales' teeth), ivory, or other materials.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: To carve or engrave (bone, ivory, or other materials) with ornamental designs.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: To carve or engrave (ornamental designs) on bone, ivory, or other materials.
topics: nautical
transport
glosses: To make a handicraft of scrimshaw.
Derived terms: word: scrimshawed
word: scrimshawer
word: scrimshawing
scrimshaw
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɹɪmʃɔː/
ipa: /ˈskɹɪmˌʃɔ/
ipa: /-ˌʃɑ/
Forms: form: scrimshaws
Etymology: The origin of the verb is unknown, but it has possibly been influenced by the surname Scrimshaw. Various etymologies have been proposed (for example, that it derives from scrimshank (“(Britain, military slang) to be idle, to shirk duty”)), but the Oxford English Dictionary does not consider any of them convincing.
The noun is probably derived from the verb.
Senses: examples: text: Rooney got his skull exposed, doggone it
Soon he's gonna get scrimshaw carved on it
ref: 2008, Neil Cicierega, “Modify”, in View-Monster, performed by Lemon Demon:
topics: nautical
transport
synonyms: word: scrimshander
word: scrimshandy
glosses: A small ornamental handicraft created by carving or engraving bone (originally whalebone or whales' teeth), ivory, or other materials, formerly produced by sailors on whaling ships to pass the time on long voyages.
topics: nautical
transport
synonyms: word: scrimshander
word: scrimshandering
glosses: The manufacture of small ornamental handicrafts by carving or engraving bone, ivory, or other materials, formerly by sailors on whaling ships to pass the time on long voyages.
scrimshander
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈskɹɪmʃændə/
Forms: form: scrimshanders
form: scrimshaw
Etymology: Unknown.
Senses: glosses: Someone who scrimshaws.
glosses: Synonym of scrimshaw (“manufacture of items by sailors from bone, etc”).
synonyms: word: scrimshaw
extra: manufacture of items by sailors from bone, etc
scrimshander
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈskɹɪmʃændə/
Forms: form: scrimshanders
form: scrimshandering
form: scrimshandered
form: scrimshandered
form: scrimshaw
Etymology: Unknown.
Senses: examples: text: Moreover, he possesses a handsome army of scrimshandered chessmen whom we shall keep busy until either the Prophetess’s departure or the Nellie’s arrival.
ref: 2004, David Mitchell, Cloud Atlas, London: Hodder and Stoughton, →ISBN:
glosses: Synonym of scrimshaw.
synonyms: word: scrimshaw
inulin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inulins
Etymology: From inula + -in.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A polysaccharide found in the roots and tubers of certain plants, especially the Compositae; it is mostly a polymer of fructose.
Hypernyms: fructan
Derived terms: inulinase
inuloid
inverse-square law
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: inverse-square laws
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: Any physical law, such as that of gravitation, in which a quantity varies inversely with distance from a source as the square of that distance.
involute
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more involute
form: most involute
form: involuted
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin involutus.
Senses: examples: text: These vulgar, pleasure-seeking people, so frank and clamorous, were too uninhibited for his shielded and involuted life.
ref: 1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:
glosses: Difficult to understand; complicated.
examples: text: Furthermore, the free anterior margin of the lobule is arched toward the lobe and is often involute[…]
ref: 1992, Rudolf M[athias] Schuster, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, volume V, Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, →ISBN, page 7:
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having the edges rolled with the adaxial side outward.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Having a complex pattern of coils in which younger whorls only partly surround older ones.
raw_tags: of shells
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Turned inward at the margin, like the exterior lip of the shells of species in genus Cypraea.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Rolled inward spirally.
Derived terms: involutely
involute
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: involutes
form: involuting
form: involuted
form: involuted
form: involuted
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin involutus.
Senses: glosses: To roll or curl inwards.
involute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: involutes
form: involuted
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin involutus.
Senses: topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
synonyms: evolvent
glosses: A curve that cuts all tangents of another curve at right angles; traced by a point on a string that unwinds from a curved object.
Related terms: involution
advolute
convolute
evolute
revolute
downer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaʊnə/
ipa: /ˈdaʊnɚ/
rhymes: -aʊnə(ɹ)
Forms: form: downers
Etymology: From down + -er.
Senses: examples: text: Normally those pills give me a boost, but last night they gave me a downer.
glosses: A negative drug trip.
examples: text: Say, for example, a person starts with the use of a downer that reduces any anxiety and produces a sense of relaxation. When their energy levels drop, they take a stimulant in order to continue participating in the party or another event. This creates a cycle that could lead to significant drug use and drastically increases the risk of overdose or death. It is critical to know which drugs are uppers and downers to avoid this combination.
ref: 2024 April 10 [2020 August 27], Nick B., “Which Drugs Are Uppers And Downers?”, in The Freedom Center:
glosses: A drug that has depressant qualities.
examples: text: You don't really need to know me. I'm kind of a downer.
ref: 2009, Spike Jonze, Where the Wild Things Are:
text: Geffen had never understood why such a downer of a film was being released over the holidays.
ref: 2010, Nicole LaPorte, The Men Who Would Be King:
glosses: Something or someone disagreeable, dispiriting or depressing; a killjoy.
examples: text: The ten-dollar bill was for eating money and the prod pole to be used when the train stopped for water in getting "downers" back on their feet.
ref: 1964, John Hendrix, If I Can Do It Horseback: A Cow-Country Sketchbook, page 40:
text: In 1993, Farm Sanctuary produced undercover footage of downers being lifted by forklift at Hallmark, prompting introduction of a California downer cattle law the next year. Either management provided instructions to get the downers moving or was asleep at the wheel and let employees run wild — in either case, it's an indictment of management.
ref: 2009, United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies, Hallmark/Westland Meat Recall:
text: The two plants where I saw great reductions in downers have reduced, but not eliminated Paylean use.
ref: 2009, Meat & Poultry - Volume 55, Issues 7-12, page lxxii:
glosses: A livestock animal that has collapsed.
examples: text: In the Workplace Industrial Relations Survey, a strike may be a downer or a stoppage as defined by the Department.
ref: 1978, C. T. B. Smith, Great Britain. Dept. of Employment, Manpower Papers (issue 15, page 158)
text: Cowley experienced a rash of 'downers' — short, sharp, unofficial strikes.
ref: 1985, Alex Callinicos, Mike Simons, The Great Strike: The Miners' Strike of 1984-5 and Its Lessons:
glosses: A form of industrial action in which workers down tools and refuse to work.
Synonyms: sense: something or someone disagreeable
word: buzzkill
word: killjoy
word: spoilsport
Related terms: Debbie Downer
Far-Downer
sit-downer
downer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdaʊnə/
ipa: /ˈdaʊnɚ/
rhymes: -aʊnə(ɹ)
Forms: form: downers
Etymology: Perhaps related to tanner (“sixpence”).
Senses: examples: text: The price of a case (five shillings piece bad) from the smasher is about one shilling; an alderman (two and sixpence) about sixpence; a peg (shilling) about threepence; a downer or sprat (sixpence) about twopence.
ref: 1859, Snowden's magistrates assistant, page 90:
glosses: A sixpence.
couture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kuːˈtjʊə/
ipa: /kuːˈtʃʊə/
enpr: ko͞o-to͝orʹ
ipa: /kuˈtʊɹ/
rhymes: -ʊə(ɹ)
Forms: form: coutures
Etymology: Ellipsis of haute couture, ultimately from French couture.
Senses: examples: text: It was the branding of these products, rather than the couture itself, that would become the foundation of the industry, generating huge global sales by the last quarter of the century.
ref: 2007, Cally Blackman, 100 Years of Fashion Illustration, →ISBN, page 166:
text: Anyway, there are only a few hundred clients in the world who regularly buy couture, including Middle Eastern royalty and American businesswomen.
ref: 2018 June 30, Vanessa Friedman, “Why We Cover High Fashion”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
topics: fashion
lifestyle
glosses: The production of high-end, custom-made clothing.
Derived terms: couturist
couture house
Related terms: couturier
couturial
haute couture
pits
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɪts/
rhymes: -ɪts
Senses: examples: text: John works in the pits.
glosses: plural of pit
pits
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɪts/
rhymes: -ɪts
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of pit
Related terms: the pits
whirling pits
darts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑːts/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ts
Etymology: From dart + -s (pluralia tantum).
Senses: topics: games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: A game or sport in which darts are thrown at a board, and points are scored depending on where the darts land.
Derived terms: American darts
beer darts
close only counts in horseshoes and darts
dartchery
electric darts
puff and darts
darts
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑːts/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ts
Etymology: From dart + -s (pluralia tantum).
Senses: glosses: plural of dart
darts
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɑːts/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)ts
Etymology: From dart + -s (pluralia tantum).
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of dart
Related terms: dartboard
rawhide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɔːhaɪd/
ipa: /ˈɹɔhaɪd/
Forms: form: rawhides
Etymology: From raw + hide.
Senses: examples: text: This throw was fair; the white cow came to earth again; and before it could rise Santa had made the lasso fast around a post of the corral with a swift and simple knot, and had leaped upon the cow again with the rawhide hobbles.
ref: 1907, O. Henry, Hearts and Crosses:
glosses: Untanned hide.
glosses: A whip made from twisted untanned leather.
rawhide
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɔːhaɪd/
ipa: /ˈɹɔhaɪd/
Forms: form: rawhides
form: rawhiding
form: rawhided
form: rawhided
Etymology: From raw + hide.
Senses: glosses: To clear (a pump) of sediment by starting and stopping it repeatedly.
glosses: To beat with a rawhide whip.
ion-selective membrane
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ion-selective membranes
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: a membrane (e.g. of a chalcogenide glass) across which an electrical potential differs according to the concentration of a specific ion; used in ion-selective electrodes and in electrodialysis
ion-selective electrode
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ion-selective electrodes
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of ion selective electrode.
realist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪəlɪst/
Forms: form: realists
Etymology: From real + -ist.
Senses: examples: text: Aristotle's own doctrine is far from clear. It was this lack of clarity that made possible the medieval controversy between nominalists and realists.
ref: 1946, Bertrand Russell, History of Western Philosophy, I.19:
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: An advocate of realism; one who believes that matter, objects etc. have real existence beyond our perception of them.
topics: art
arts
literature
media
publishing
glosses: An adherent of the realism movement; an artist who seeks to portray real everyday life accurately.
glosses: One who believes in seeing things the way they really are, as opposed to how they would like them to be.
Synonyms: real-worlder
Derived terms: magical realist
magic realist
naive realist
naïve realist
new realist
race realist
socialist realist
realist
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɹɪəlɪst/
Senses: examples: text: He's the realist dude I know.
glosses: Eye dialect spelling of realest.
lollipop
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒl.i.pɒp/
ipa: /ˈlɑ.li.pɑp/
Forms: form: lollipops
form: lolli-pop
form: lollypop
form: lolly pop
form: lolly-pop
Etymology: Attested from 1784 meaning some form of candy; at least two theories exist. One is that it is from Romani loli (“red”) + phabaj (“apple”); candy apples are often red, and are always placed on a stick to keep the person's hands dry. However candy apples were not well-known until a century after the first known use of the word lollipop.
Therefore, it may be a native word derived from loll (“to dangle the tongue”) + pop, the latter an expressive word of highly variable meanings, as it still is today.
Neither of these stories fit well if the original lollipop was a small item like modern penny candy, however, so the possibility remains that the word was simply an expressive coinage in the manner of similar words not known to be related, such as loblolly and poplolly.
Senses: synonyms: word: lolly
word: sucker
glosses: An item of confectionery consisting of a piece of candy or sweet attached to a stick.
examples: text: The gene III proteins appear as five lollipops protruding from the end of the phage, and these “balls” can be removed by treatment of the phage with subtilisin, rendering the phage noninfectious.
ref: 1993, Laura S. Frost, “Conjugative Pili and Pilus-Specific Phages”, in D.B. Clewell, editor, Bacterial Conjugation, Springer, →DOI, →ISBN, page 209:
text: The reasons for this containment of gated communities and private streets are not to be sought in morphology (suburban residential developments with lollipops and dead ends are common in France), but rather in local practices by residents.
ref: 2010, Renaud Le Goix, Delphine Callen, “Production and Social Sustainability of Private Enclaves in Suburban Landscapes”, in Samer Bagaeen, Ola Uduku, editors, Gated Communities: Social Sustainability in Contemporary and Historical Gated Developments, Earthscan, →ISBN, page 107:
text: Mount Pleasant itself is a lollipop trail. Walking along the handle of the lollipop is a breeze—the perfect warm-up for the uphill climb at the beginning of the loop.
ref: 2019, Joe Baur, Best Hikes Cleveland: The Greatest Views, Wildlife, and Forest Strolls (Best Hikes Near Series), Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, page 43:
synonyms: word: lasso
word: semiloop
english: hiking trails
translation: hiking trails
glosses: Something having the shape of a lollipop: a linear stem connected to a round body.
topics: hobbies
lifestyle
motor-racing
racing
sports
glosses: A sign on a stick held in front of the vehicle during a pit stop.
Derived terms: cake pop
chicken lollipop
cookie pop
fuzzy end of the lollipop
lollipop catshark
lollipop lady
lollipoplike
lollipop man
lollipopper
lolly
self-licking lollipop
lollipop
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈlɒl.i.pɒp/
ipa: /ˈlɑ.li.pɑp/
Forms: form: lollipops
form: lollipopping
form: lollipopped
form: lollipopped
form: lolli-pop
form: lollypop
form: lolly pop
form: lolly-pop
Etymology: Attested from 1784 meaning some form of candy; at least two theories exist. One is that it is from Romani loli (“red”) + phabaj (“apple”); candy apples are often red, and are always placed on a stick to keep the person's hands dry. However candy apples were not well-known until a century after the first known use of the word lollipop.
Therefore, it may be a native word derived from loll (“to dangle the tongue”) + pop, the latter an expressive word of highly variable meanings, as it still is today.
Neither of these stories fit well if the original lollipop was a small item like modern penny candy, however, so the possibility remains that the word was simply an expressive coinage in the manner of similar words not known to be related, such as loblolly and poplolly.
Senses: topics: agriculture
business
horticulture
lifestyle
glosses: To prune the lower branches of a tree or other plant so that new growth appears only at the top, where more light is received.
Related terms: poplolly
loblolly
lolly
guttation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: guttations
Etymology: From Latin gutta (“a drop”) + -ation.
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: The exudation of drops of water from the leaves of some vascular plants as a result of root pressure.
Related terms: guttate
root pressure
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: root pressures
Senses: glosses: The pressure (the result of osmosis) exerted by the roots of vascular plants that moves water into the leaves and causes guttation.
nothingness
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: nothingnesses
Etymology: From nothing + -ness.
Senses: examples: text: A thing of beauty is a joy for ever: / Its loveliness increases; it will never / Pass into nothingness; but still will keep / A bower quiet for us, and a sleep / Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing.
ref: 1818, John Keats, “Book I”, in Endymion: A Poetic Romance, London: […] T[homas] Miller, […] for Taylor and Hessey, […], →OCLC, page 3, lines 1–5:
text: In 1928 [Martin] Heidegger succeeded [Edmund] Husserl to take a chair at Freiburg and in his inaugural lecture made a pronouncement that earned him a reputation as an archetypal metaphysician with his claim that our awareness of people as a whole depends on our experience of dread in the face of nothingness.
ref: 2014 April 12, Michael Inwood, “Martin Heidegger: the philosopher who fell for Hitler [print version: Hitler's philosopher]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Review), London, page R11:
topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
glosses: The state of nonexistence; the condition of being nothing.
glosses: A void; an emptiness.
glosses: The quality of inconsequentiality; the lack of significance.
Synonyms: topics: state
word: nihility
raw_tags: of nonexistence
Related terms: do-nothingness
good-for-nothingness
know-nothingness
ionic crystal
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ionic crystals
Senses: glosses: a class of crystal consisting of a lattice of ions held together by their electrostatic interaction; they exhibit strong absorption of infrared radiation and have planes along which they cleave easily
ionophore
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ionophores
Etymology: From ion + -o- + -phore.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any substance that can transfer ions from a hydrophilic medium (such as water) to a hydrophobic medium, or across a biological membrane, normally by forming a reversible complex with it; an ion carrier
Derived terms: anionophore
cationophore
fluoroionophore
ionophoric
pseudoionophore
Related terms: ionogen
lollipop man
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lollipop men
Etymology: See lollipop lady.
Senses: examples: text: They were out of the park gates and about to cross the road now. The lollipop man smiled at Jess, who smiled shyly back.
ref: 2005, Helen Oyeyemi, The Icarus Girl, Bloomsbury, page 176:
glosses: A male school crossing attendant.
Synonyms: word: lollipop lady
word: crossing guard
ion carrier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: ion carriers
Senses: glosses: an ionophore
Daoism
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: note: unaspirated, Pinyin-literate
ipa: /ˈtaʊ̯.ɪzm̩/
note: hyperforeign
ipa: /ˈdaʊ̯.ɪzm̩/
Etymology: From Taoism but influenced by the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 道 (Dào).
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of Taoism.
is-
Language: English
Part of speech: prefix
Senses: glosses: form of iso- before a vowel
Derived terms: isentropic
isentropic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: isoentropic
Etymology: From iso- + entropic.
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
thermodynamics
glosses: Having a constant entropy
raw_tags: of process
Derived terms: isentropically
isentropic flow
isentrope
cashier
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈʃɪə/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: cashiers
form: cashiering
form: cashiered
form: cashiered
Etymology: From Dutch casseren, kasseren, from Old French casser (“to break (up)”). During a ceremonial cashiering of a ranking military officer, the breakup was often symbolized dramatically by literally breaking the officer’s sword.
Senses: examples: text: His ninth Legion having mutined neere unto Placentia, he presently cassiered the same with great ignominie unto it[…].
ref: 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 34, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
text: The recent cashiering for disobedience of orders of a Major-General who is claimed, we know not with what truth, to be of the "conservative" order, has raised this outcry louder and fiercer than ever.
ref: 1863 February 1, “Politics of Military Commanders.”, in The New York Times:
text: They found an Army officer who had been a military failure until Bernard Baruch promoted him to General, and who in 1945 should have been able to hope for nothing better than that he could escape a court martial and thus avoid being cashiered, if he could prove that all the atrocities and all the sabotage of American interests of which he had been guilty in Europe had been carried out over his protest and under categorical orders from the President.
ref: 1968, Revilo P. Oliver, “What We Owe Our Parasites” (speech)
text: The Directory had been deregulating the economy since Thermidor; but it had not cashiered the police spies on which the Terror had depended, and these allowed the government to keep abreast of the threat.
ref: 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin, published 2003, page 510:
text: Inevitably his appeals for financial assistance were ignored and, though not cashiered from the army, he was pointedly cold-shouldered by his brother officers.
ref: 2012, Jonathan Keates, “Mon Père, ce héros”, in Literary Review, section 402:
glosses: To dismiss (someone, especially military personnel) from service.
examples: text: Once Princess in Love was published, Diana threw both Hewitt and Pasternak under the bus. Besotted to the end, her cashiered toy soldier never revealed whether or not he had done her bidding.
ref: April 5 2022, Tina Brown, “How Princess Diana’s Dance With the Media Impacted William and Harry”, in Vanity Fair:
glosses: To discard, put away.
glosses: To annul.
cashier
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈʃɪə/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
ipa: /kaˈʃɪə/
ipa: /ˈkaʃɪə/
ipa: /kəˈʃɪə/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: cashiers
form: casheer
Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch cassier or French caissier, from French caisse.
Senses: examples: text: The chefs never cooked before, the cashiers never cashiered before, the dishwashers never dishwashed before, the waitresses never waitressed before, and the managers never managed before.
ref: 2007, Thomas Quealy, M + M:
text: So when everyone was stopping at the grocery store for one or two things on the way home from work, inundating each express lane with at least ten custies, the cashier on the express lane was due for a break […]
ref: 2012, Freeman Hall, Coworker Hell: A Retail Hell Underground Digital Short:
glosses: One who works at a till or receives payments.
glosses: Person in charge of the cash of a business or bank.
Hyponyms: english: early modern Middle East & India
translation: early modern Middle East & India
word: saraf
english: SE & East Asia, esp. in parking lots
translation: SE & East Asia, esp. in parking lots
word: shroff
Derived terms: cashierer
cashierless
cashierment
subcashier
uncashiered
cashier
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /kəˈʃɪə/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
ipa: /kaˈʃɪə/
ipa: /ˈkaʃɪə/
ipa: /kəˈʃɪə/
rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Forms: form: cashiers
form: cashiering
form: cashiered
form: cashiered
form: casheer
Etymology: Borrowed from Dutch cassier or French caissier, from French caisse.
Senses: examples: text: The employer places more emphasis on cashiering skills. Taking the customer's money has risen in importance to the point where many stores have specialists whose sole duty is manning the cash registers.
ref: 1983 May 15, Linda Dyer, “A CUSTOMER'S RIGHTS”, in The New York Times:
text: The chefs never cooked before, the cashiers never cashiered before, the dishwashers never dishwashed before, the waitresses never waitressed before, and the managers never managed before.
ref: 2007, Thomas Quealy, M + M:
glosses: To work as a cashier (at a till or receiving payment).
groupie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɹuːpi/
rhymes: -uːpi
homophone: groupy
Forms: form: groupies
Etymology: From group + -ie; from 1967.
Senses: examples: text: In mainstream rock youth culture, female fans had only submissive roles in the consumption of rock music: they could be teenyboppers, and when they grew older, groupies, with the groupie role providing a real-life extension of the sexualized hero worship of the teenybopper.
ref: 1999, Lauraine Leblanc, Pretty in Punk: Girl′s Gender Resistance in a Boy′s Subculture, published 2002, page 47:
text: 2000 October, The 100 Sleaziest Moments in Rock, Spin, page 102,
Although Pamela Des Barres, rock′s most famous groupie, was passed around like a loose joint at a be-in, she maintains today, “There was no hierarchy. The groupies were not considered less than the musicians. We were muses.”
text: The groupie experience from what I′ve seen is quite similar to the experiences I′ve had as the “fat girl,” who had the good looking guy give her attention behind closed doors but never had the opportunity to be the gal on his arm, and it is that emotional integrity I brought to the book.
ref: 2012, Ginger Voight, Groupie, unnumbered page:
glosses: A fan, especially a young female fan of a male singer or rock group; a person who seeks intimacy (most often physical, sometimes emotional) with a celebrity, usually a rock 'n' roll artist or band member.
examples: text: A bit of an eclipse groupie, he had paid the thirty guineas fee to join the BAA's first expedition, to Norway, in 1896.
ref: 2019, S. James Gates Jr., Cathie Pelletier, Proving Einstein Right:
glosses: Any dedicated fan of something.
Synonyms: sense: fan who seeks intimacy
word: band aid
sense: fan who seeks intimacy
word: band chick
sense: fan who seeks intimacy
word: band moll
sense: fan who seeks intimacy
word: band rat
sense: fan who seeks intimacy
word: snuff queen
sense: fan who seeks intimacy
word: starfucker
Derived terms: groupiedom
supergroupie
groupie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɹuːpi/
rhymes: -uːpi
homophone: groupy
Forms: form: groupies
Etymology: From group + -ie, by analogy with selfie, 2010s.
Senses: glosses: A group photo including the photographer; a group self-portrait.
Synonyms: ussie
groupie
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈɡɹuːpi/
rhymes: -uːpi
homophone: groupy
Forms: form: groupies
Senses: examples: text: In traditional military fashion our "Groupie" (group captain) called us to attention, exchanged salutes with his German opposite number, then handed the parade over to him.
ref: 1995, John D. Harvie, Missing in Action: An RCAF Navigator's Story, page 136:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: A group captain.
puck bunny
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: puck bunnies
form: puck-bunny
form: puckbunny
Etymology: Combination of the phrases snow bunny (compare bunny hill), Playboy bunny and puck (“an object used in the game of hockey”).
Senses: examples: text: Every once in awhile ^([sic]) the stories would make there ^([sic]) way around the league about some puck bunny getting pregnant...
ref: 2002, Michael David Lannan, The Empty Net:
text: These young women say they are "'proud as punch' to have sex with the jock," because this will "entitle the puck bunny to 'bragging rights'"...
ref: 2002, Michael A Messner, Taking the Field: Women, Men, and Sports:
text: She wasn't a puck bunny. After twenty years in the NHL, he could identify a hockey groupie a mile away.
ref: 2005, Rachel Gibson, The Trouble with Valentine's Day:
topics: hobbies
ice-hockey
lifestyle
skating
sports
glosses: A female ice hockey fan, often one whose interest in the sport is primarily motivated by attraction to the players rather than enjoyment of the game itself. Puck bunnies exhibit similar traits to those of groupies toward musicians.
Hypernyms: groupie
Related terms: badge bunny
snow bunny
bridge mount
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: bridge mounts
Senses: topics: engineering
firearms
government
military
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
politics
tools
war
weaponry
glosses: A sight mount with a strong metal frame between the rings, used on large-caliber rifles to negate the effects of recoil on accuracy.
lipopeptide
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lipopeptides
Etymology: From lipo- + peptide.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: An organic complex of lipids and peptides
Derived terms: cyclolipopeptide
dilipopeptide
lipodecapeptide
lipodipeptide
lipopolypeptide
monolipopeptide
bowdlerization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: -eɪʃən
Forms: form: bowdlerizations
form: Bowdlerisation
form: bowdlerisation
form: Bowdlerization
Etymology: From bowdlerize + -ation.
Senses: glosses: The action or instance of bowdlerizing; the omission or removal of material considered vulgar or indecent.
Synonyms: expurgation
Related terms: bowdlerize
Braxton
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈbɹækstən/
Forms: form: Braxtons
Etymology: Perhaps a habitational surname from the village of Branxton, in Northumberland.
Senses: glosses: A surname.
glosses: A male given name transferred from the surname, of modern usage.
glosses: A placename, from the surname:
A village in Simpson County, Mississippi, United States.
glosses: A placename, from the surname:
An unincorporated community in Braxton County, West Virginia, United States.
Derived terms: Braxton County
Braxton Hicks contraction
Blankley
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈblæŋkli/
rhymes: -æŋkli
homophone: blankly
Forms: form: Blankleys
Senses: glosses: An English surname, thought to be habitational from Blankney in Lincolnshire.
Hamm
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: * As an English and German surname, from hamm (“enclosure, land by a stream”).
* Also as a German surname, from Hamm in Westphalia, itself from a Low German derivative of Proto-Germanic *hammō (“corner, hollow, bend”), used in the sense "river bend," similar to Hamburg.
Senses: glosses: An English topographic surname for someone who lived in an area of flat land near a river; or a habitational name from several places with the same name in southern England.
glosses: A city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
gas mask
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɡæs mɑːsk/
ipa: /ɡæs mæsk/
Forms: form: gas masks
form: gasmask
Senses: examples: text: If we bang or scream they will spray us with some pepper or something else that's in an aeresol ^([sic]) can, and they wear gas masks, while the rest of us have to breathe the fumes in, and it makes us very sick and they refuse us medical treatment.
ref: 1991 December 15, Saadia Everett, “Protest Beatings”, in Gay Community News, volume 19, number 22, page 4:
glosses: A covering for the face with a filter to protect the user from poison gas.
Derived terms: gas-masked
southeasterly
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more southeasterly
form: most southeasterly
form: south-easterly
Etymology: From south + easterly.
Senses: examples: text: The people of the southeasterly clusters—concerning whom, however, but little is known—have a bad name as cannibals; and for that reason their hospitality is seldom taxed by the mariner.
ref: 1847 March 30, Herman Melville, Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas; […], London: John Murray, […], →OCLC:
glosses: situated in, or pointing to, the southeast
glosses: coming from the southeast
raw_tags: of a wind
southeasterly
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: southeasterlies
form: south-easterly
Etymology: From south + easterly.
Senses: glosses: A strong wind or storm from the southeast.
southeasterly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more southeasterly
form: most southeasterly
form: south-easterly
Etymology: From south + easterly.
Senses: glosses: From the southeast.
sickened
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more sickened
form: most sickened
Senses: glosses: Disgusted or revolted.
sickened
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of sicken
hobo jungle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hobo jungles
Senses: glosses: A makeshift encampment adjacent to a railroad freight carrier's property where train hoppers/hobos, tramps, or bums congregate while waiting for their outbound train.
Related terms: english: probably derived
translation: probably derived
word: jungle juice
CD burner
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: CD burners
Senses: glosses: A device for recording audio, or saving data, onto a compact disc.
Related terms: CD-R
worshipper
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: worshippers
form: worshiper
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English wirshiper, worchyppar, worscheper, worschepour, worschiper, worschippar, worshipore; equivalent to worship + -er.
Senses: examples: text: The temple was filled with worshippers.
text: Sadly, the ever-eager Reverend Judith had not been able to conjure up many worshippers, even though it was Father’s Day. There was just one old dear sitting halfway back, her faulty hearing aid letting off a high-pitched whistle.
ref: 2017, David Walliams [pseudonym; David Edward Williams], Bad Dad, London: HarperCollins Children’s Books, →ISBN:
glosses: A person who worships, especially at a place of assembly for religious services.
Derived terms: bread-worshipper
Christ-worshipper
Cross-worshipper
fire-worshipper
sun-worshipper
sun worshipper
worship
king penguin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: king penguins
Etymology: From the belief that it was the largest of all penguin species—a belief that was overturned in 1884 when its close relative the emperor penguin, which can measure nearly a foot taller, was recognized as a separate species.
Senses: glosses: a large penguin, Aptenodytes patagonicus, that lives on the coast of Antarctica and nearby islands
namaz
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: namaaz
Etymology: From Ottoman Turkish نماز (namâz) (Turkish namaz) and Urdu نماز (namāz), and their source, Classical Persian نماز (namāz).
Senses: examples: text: Dr Jaffry was prostrated on a prayer carpet, finishing his evening namaz.
ref: 1993, William Dalrymple, City of Djinns, Penguin, published 2004, page 228:
text: He swung at me but I ducked and said, ‘Time for the fifth namaaz of the day, Prince.’
ref: 1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 157:
topics: Islam
lifestyle
religion
glosses: Synonym of salat (“Islamic prayer”).
synonyms: word: salat
extra: Islamic prayer
Derived terms: english: slang term
translation: slang term
word: namazi
english: to observe the Islamic prayers
translation: to observe the Islamic prayers
word: offer namaz
baronet
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /bæɹəˈnɛt/
Forms: form: baronets
Senses: glosses: The bearer of a hereditary title, below a peerage and senior to most knighthoods.
Derived terms: baronetage
baronetship
Related terms: baron
baronetcy
baronetical
knight
checkrein
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: checkreins
form: check-rein
Etymology: From check + rein.
Senses: glosses: A strap used to keep horses' heads high, fashionable in Victorian England but painful and damaging to horses' necks.
Synonyms: bearing rein
Derived terms: checkrein ligament
carinate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈkæɹɪnət/
/ˈkæɹɪneɪt/
Forms: form: more carinate
form: most carinate
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin carīnātus, from carīna (“keel”) + -ātus, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix). The noun comes from a substantivization of the adjective, see -ate (noun-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: a carinate calyx or leaf
text: a carinate sternum
glosses: Shaped like a boat's keel.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
ornithology
glosses: Of a bird, having a carina, a keeled breastbone allowing the attachment of flight muscles.
topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: Having a carina.
Synonyms: ridged
Derived terms: bicarinate
carinate abdomen
carination
ecarinate
multicarinate
quadricarinate
subcarinate
tricarinate
unicarinate
carinate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈkæɹɪnət/
/ˈkæɹɪneɪt/
Forms: form: carinates
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin carīnātus, from carīna (“keel”) + -ātus, see -ate (adjective-forming suffix). The noun comes from a substantivization of the adjective, see -ate (noun-forming suffix).
Senses: glosses: Any bird having a keeled breastbone allowing the attachment of flight muscles.
Perugian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From Perugia + -an.
Senses: glosses: Of, from or relating to the city or province of Perugia, Umbria, Italy.
Perugian
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Perugians
Etymology: From Perugia + -an.
Senses: glosses: A native or inhabitant of the city or province of Perugia, Umbria, Italy.
penetralia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌpɛ.nəˈtɹeɪ.li.ə/
ipa: /ˌpɛ.nəˈtɹeɪ.ljə/
rhymes: -eɪliə
Senses: glosses: The innermost, secret or hidden parts; mysteries.
examples: text: I believe, had I been in the inmost recesses of my habitation—the very penetralia—your eagerness would have surmounted bolts, bars, decency, and everything.
ref: 1748, [Tobias Smollett], The Adventures of Roderick Random. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: […] [William Strahan] for J[ohn] Osborn […], →OCLC:
text: He wished to be what he called "safe" with all those whom he had admitted to the penetralia of his house and heart.
ref: 1857, Anthony Trollope, “Mrs. Bold is Entertained by Dr. and Mrs. Grantly at Plumstead”, in Barchester Towers. […], copyright edition, volume II, Leipzig: Bernhard Tauchnitz, published 1859, →OCLC, page 12:
text: […] Bob's countenance was sublimed by his recent interview, like that of a priest just come from the penetralia of the temple.
ref: 1880, Thomas Hardy, “A Discovery Turns the Scale”, in The Trumpet-Major […], volume III, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC, page 94:
glosses: The innermost parts of a building, such as a shrine, recess or a sanctuary within a temple.
Derived terms: penetralian
conspecifics
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of conspecific
habitational
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌhæb.ɪˈteɪ.ʃə.nəl/
ipa: /ˌhæb.ɪˈtæɪ.ʃə.nəl/
Etymology: From habitation + -al.
Senses: glosses: Pertaining to habitation or an inhabited region.
glosses: Deriving from the name of a place where a presumed ancestor once lived.
raw_tags: of a name
Derived terms: habitationally
nonhabitational
dingy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪn.d͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɪndʒi
Forms: form: dingier
form: dingiest
Etymology: From English dialectal (Kentish) dingy (“dirty”), of unknown origin, though probably from Middle English *dingy, dungy, from Old English *dyncgiġ (“covered with dung, dirty”), an umlaut form of duncge, dung (“dung”), equivalent to dung + -y, hence a doublet of dungy.
Senses: examples: text: The station has been refurbished both at ground level and below ground, where the wide, fluorescently lit platforms are an almost unrecognisable metamorphosis of the dingy, reeking Low Level of old.
ref: 1960 December, “The Glasgow Suburban Electrification is opened”, in Trains Illustrated, page 713:
synonyms: word: drab
word: gloomy
word: dreary
word: dismal
word: bland
word: colourless
word: dim
word: dingy
word: dull
word: faint
word: lackluster
word: leaden
word: muddy
word: sad
word: sober
word: uncolorful
word: unholiday
word: wan
antonyms: bright
glosses: Dark, dull.
examples: text: He led her through dingy wareroom after wareroom, counting-house after counting-house, where the clerks all were silent and subdued. He led her at last into a dingy sanctum, dimly lighted by one shaded lamp. In this safe there were piles of dingy papers and more dingy ledgers; […]
ref: 1853 Christmas, [George Augustus Sala], “Over the Way’s Story”, in Charles Dickens, editor, Another Round of Stories by the Christmas Fire. Being the Extra Christmas Number of Household Words. […], London, page 15, column 2:
text: At last the first glimpse from a bridge of an open-top red bus, and a noticeable darkening of the atmosphere from the smoke of London: then the increasingly dingy stations with double-barrel names, set amid what has always been to me the outstanding feature of the "Premier Line" approach to London—the positively marvellous display of crazy chimney-pots on the grey inner suburban houses. As many as twenty, all of varying style, standing together like ranks of jagged teeth, and providing a Dickensian back-cloth which no other route can boast.
ref: 1951 October, R. S. McNaught, “Lines of Approach”, in Railway Magazine, page 704:
text: She's looking from Tarquin to Fenella with shining eyes, and I look at the picture interestedly over her shoulder. But to be honest, I can't say I'm impressed. For a start it's really dingy – all sludgy greens and brown
ref: 2009, Sophie Kinsella, The Secret Dreamworld Of A Shopaholic: (Shopaholic Book 1):
synonyms: grimy
dirty
antonyms: pristine
glosses: Shabby, squalid, uncared-for.
Derived terms: dingily
dinginess
dingy dart
dingy skipper
grungy
dingy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪn.d͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɪndʒi
Forms: form: dingies
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of dinghy.
dingy
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪn.d͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɪndʒi
Forms: form: dingies
form: dingying
form: dingied
form: dingied
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of dinghy.
dingy
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈdɪn.d͡ʒi/
rhymes: -ɪndʒi
Forms: form: dingier
form: dingiest
Etymology: From ding + -y.
Senses: examples: text: I love it when they hit. You know the sound when they hit? That dingy sound, it’s like faster, and contained somehow? That’s a great sound. Happens like a fraction of a second before you know what you’ve hit, before you figure it out.
ref: 1997, Frederick Barthelme, chapter 6, in Bob the Gambler, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN, page 63:
text: I remember we had a small electronic toy that had hot lines and made dingy sounds where you tried to eat all the pellets before the boxes with yellow inside them got you. Father said this was one of the first toys ever to be made and we were awe-struck by it.
ref: [2008?], Colin Jacks, chapter IX, in The Manikin Textbook, Jamaica Plain, Mass.: Mister Records, →OCLC, 2nd book, page 214:
text: They was a button on that thar computer what said ‘Enter’. I pushed it ’cause I figgered it must be a doorbell. It didn’t make no dingy sound though.
ref: 2012, Darrell Sroufe, “Modernized Newfangled Gizmos & Gadgets”, in Howdy Folks! I’m Fuster Buskins!, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN, page 134:
glosses: Resembling or characteristic of a ding.
Related terms: ringy-dingy
isentropic flow
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: isentropic flows
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
thermodynamics
glosses: An idealised fluid flow in which entropy remains constant throughout the flow, or along a particular streamline.
streamline
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstriːmlaɪn/
Forms: form: streamlines
Etymology: From stream + line.
Senses: topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: A line that is tangent to the velocity of flow of a fluid; equivalent to the path of a specific particle in that flow.
topics: climatology
meteorology
natural-sciences
glosses: On a weather chart, a line that is tangent to the flow of the wind.
Related terms: streakline
pathline
streamline
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈstriːmlaɪn/
Forms: form: streamlines
form: streamlining
form: streamlined
form: streamlined
Etymology: From stream + line.
Senses: examples: text: The J's originally were streamlined after the style of the New Haven's 1400- class 4-6-4's and were considered by many to be a handsome locomotive. A program to gradually destreamline the class began in April 1947.
ref: 1969, Trains:
glosses: To design and construct the contours of a vehicle etc. so as to offer the least resistance to its flow through a fluid.
examples: text: The subcommittee concludes FDA should become less involved in the early stages of clinical research by streamlining and uncumbering its regulations governing them.
ref: 1980, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology, The Food and Drug Administration's Process for Approving New Drugs, page 64:
text: This structure organizes and streamlines theme development to create a solid ground for themers (theme developers) to further build and extend, much like in object-oriented programming.
ref: 2013, Liran Tal, Drupal 7 Media:
text: A non-hormonal birth control capsule that women can insert just before sex. A rape kit that gives victims more agency and streamlines the evidence collection process. An overhauled design for a 150-year-old tool used in postpartum vaginal tearing.
ref: 2021 June 8, Jacqui Palumbo, “These innovative designs are tackling taboo health issues for women”, in CNN:
text: Mr. Manchin has insisted that legislation to streamline the permitting of fossil fuel and energy infrastructure projects, including the West Virginia pipeline, be tied to the spending measure, which is expected to keep the government funded through mid-December.
ref: 2022 September 21, Emily Cochrane, Lisa Friedman, “Manchin’s Gas Pipeline Deal Irks Both Parties, Snarling Spending Bill”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
text: Robert F Kennedy Jr said the nation’s health agencies will cut 10,000 jobs from their 82,000-person workforce – an enormous reduction the US health secretary characterized as streamlining federal bureaucracy amid internal resistance to the administration’s agenda.
ref: 2025 March 27, Jessica Glenza, “RFK Jr plans 10,000 job cuts in restructuring of US health department”, in The Guardian:
glosses: To simplify or organize a process in order to increase its efficiency.
glosses: To modernize.
Derived terms: streamliner
Related terms: streamstyle