cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
blamed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /bleɪmd/
rhymes: -eɪmd
Senses: examples: text: “I left in a French steamer, and she called in every blamed port they have out there, for, as far as I could see, the sole purpose of landing soldiers and custom-house officers.”
ref: 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 202:
text: "He's a bad man—a blamed bad man!" fluttered Danny Griswold.
"That's right," nodded Lewis Little. "He really wants to fight with swords, I believe."
ref: Burt L. Standish (Gilbert Patten)
glosses: euphemism of damned (intensifier)
Derived terms: unblamed
blamed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /bleɪmd/
rhymes: -eɪmd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of blame
pledged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /plɛd͡ʒd/
rhymes: -ɛd͡ʒd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of pledge
blushed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /blʌʃt/
rhymes: -ʌʃt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of blush
provoked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹəˈvoʊkt/
ipa: /pɹəˈvəʊkt/
rhymes: -əʊkt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of provoke
scripture
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈskɹɪpt͡ʃɚ/
ipa: /ˈskɹɪptʃə/
Forms: form: scriptures
Etymology: From Middle English scripture, from Latin scrīptūra (“a writing, scripture”), from scrīptum, the supine of scrībō (“I write”).
Senses: examples: text: The primary scripture in Zoroastrianism is the Avesta.
text: In a word, they were made uſe of by the immediate ſucceſſors of the Apoſtles, and many of them read in the Public Aſſemblies of Chriſtians, as Canonical Scripture, without the leaſt mark of Diſtinction, in point of Autority[…]
ref: 1732, George Reynolds, A diſſertation: or, Inquiry Concerning the Canonical Autority of the Goſpel according to Mathew; […] , 2nd edition, page 4:
text: It would be quite unwise to deem the whole historical enterprise as wrong-headed and to think that one can revert to the gospels' way of reading scripture, […]
ref: 2001, Leander Keck, Who is Jesus?, →ISBN, page 143:
glosses: A sacred writing or holy book.
glosses: An authoritative statement.
topics: Christianity
glosses: A (short) passage or verse from the Bible
Derived terms: scripture cake
Related terms: script
shapely
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈʃeɪpli/
Forms: form: shapelier
form: more shapely
form: shapeliest
form: most shapely
Etymology: From Middle English schaply, schappely (“well-shaped, beautiful, attractive”), perhaps from Old English *ġesċeaplīċ (“according to design, proper, fit”) (suggested by Old English ġesċeaplīċe (“properly, fitting, well”)), equivalent to shape + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: The more solicitous of the two was Nurse Cramer, a shapely, pretty, sexless girl with a wholesome unattractive face.
ref: 1961 November 10, Joseph Heller, “The Soldier in White”, in Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC, page 171:
text: It used to be, whenever Frank passed a rival butcher’s window (and later the curved glass of a supermarket meat counter), he would peer in unjealously, looking for the subtleties that spoke of talent with a knife. Were their fillets shapely?
ref: 2020 September 1, Tom Lamont, “The butcher's shop that lasted 300 years (give or take)”, in The Guardian:
glosses: Having a pleasing shape, pleasant to look at.
Synonyms: word: shapely
word: well set
Hypernyms: word: beautiful
Hyponyms: word: symmetrical
word: symmetric
word: sculpturesque
word: statuelike
Derived terms: shapeliness
interposed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˌɪn.təˈpəʊzd/
ipa: /ˌɪn.tɚˈpoʊzd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of interpose
weaker
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈwiːkə/
ipa: /ˈwikɚ/
homophone: weeker
Senses: examples: text: Yes, there were hundreds of companies in existence, but a form of natural selection was taking place. Weaker companies were swallowed up by larger ones.
ref: 2024 July 24, Richard Foster, “Rail reform has never been easy”, in RAIL, number 1014, page 28:
glosses: comparative form of weak: more weak
topics: human-sciences
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
glosses: Said of one proposition with respect to another one: that the latter entails the former, but the former does not entail the latter.
Derived terms: weaker vessel
nobler
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈnoʊblɚ/
ipa: /ˈnəʊblə/
Senses: glosses: comparative form of noble: more noble
exporting
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ĭkspôrtʹĭng
ipa: /ɪksˈpɔɹtɪŋ/
enpr: ĭkspôtʹĭng
ipa: /ɪksˈpɔːtɪŋ/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
enpr: ĭkspōrtʹĭng
ipa: /ɪksˈpo(ː)ɹtɪŋ/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
note: non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /ɪksˈpoətɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)tɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of export
embarked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪmˈbɑɹkt/
ipa: /ɛmˈbɑɹkt/
ipa: /ɪmˈbɑːkt/
ipa: /ɛmˈbɑːkt/
ipa: /emˈbaːkt/
rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)kt
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of embark
enforced
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ĭnfôrstʹ
enpr: ĕn-
ipa: /ɪnˈfoɹst/
ipa: /ɛn-/
ipa: /ɪnˈfɔːst/
ipa: /ɛn-/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
enpr: ĭnfōrstʹ
ipa: /-ˈfo(ː)ɹst/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
note: non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /-ˈfoəst/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of enforce
shaveling
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: shavelings
Etymology: From shave + -ling.
Senses: examples: text: “Bonny times,” he said, “I have lived to see, when a lad of Earl Oslac’s blood is sent out of the land, a beggar and a wolf’s head, for playing a boy’s trick or two, and upsetting a shaveling priest.”
ref: 1866, Charles Kingsley, Hereward the Wake, London: Nelson, page 48:
glosses: Someone with all or part of their head shaved, notably a tonsured clergyman; a priest or monk.
glosses: A shaver, stripling, young man physically mature enough to shave.
imported
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: ĭmpôtʹĭd
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔːtɪd/
enpr: ĭmpôrtʹĭd
ipa: /ɪmˈpɔɹtɪd/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
enpr: ĭmpōrtʹĭd
ipa: /ɪmˈpo(ː)ɹtɪd/
note: rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
note: non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger
ipa: /ɪmˈpoətɪd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of import
stepping
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈstɛpɪŋ/
Etymology: From Middle English steppynge; equivalent to step + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of step
stepping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈstɛpɪŋ/
Forms: form: steppings
Etymology: From Middle English steppynge; equivalent to step + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: In the steppings of my feet, you are always my mother.
ref: 2005, Miriandra Rota, Pathways and Parables for a Changing World, page 263:
glosses: The act of taking a step.
examples: text: The 80386's early steppings have quite a lot of bugs, so some software specifically tests to make sure that the processor isn't one of those old versions.
topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A specific iteration of a model of central processing unit, often distinguished by the addition or removal of features compared to earlier examples of the same processor, or the presence, or lack thereof, of specific bugs.
glosses: An African-American form of dance in which the performer's entire body is used as an instrument to produce complex rhythms and sounds through footsteps, spoken word, and clapping.
Derived terms: rake-stepping
stepping motor
stepping razor
stepping stone
stepping switch
inquiring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈkwaɪɹɪŋ/
ipa: /ɪnˈkwaɪəɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪəɹɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of inquire
inquiring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈkwaɪɹɪŋ/
ipa: /ɪnˈkwaɪəɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪəɹɪŋ
Forms: form: inquirings
Senses: examples: text: What need you trouble with vain inquirings / The surly gods or your own ignorant spirit?
ref: 1923, The London Mercury, volume 8, page 468:
text: […] these are the results of Herodotus' factual inquirings, the accurate information, the right account, which he acquired about some matters of importance to himself and to his audience and about which conflicting accounts have been given.
ref: 2003, Gerald A. Press, Development of the Idea of History in Antiquity, page 31:
glosses: inquiry
inquiring
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪnˈkwaɪɹɪŋ/
ipa: /ɪnˈkwaɪəɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪəɹɪŋ
Forms: form: more inquiring
form: most inquiring
Senses: glosses: inquisitive
escaping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪsˈkeɪpɪŋ/
ipa: /əsˈkeɪpɪŋ/
ipa: /ɛsˈkeɪpɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪpɪŋ
Forms: form: escapings
Senses: glosses: The act of one who escapes; an escape.
examples: text: The faint, yet growing escapings of gas were in her nostrils as she slumped into a chair and began painfully to scrawl on the paper.
ref: 1947, Joseph Dever, No Lasting Home, page 406:
text: Loud rumblings in the bunkhouse that night awakened the punchers often, with many rude comments made about the gastronomical escapings of certain people.
ref: 2006, William W. Johnstone, Gunsight Crossing:
glosses: That which escapes or leaks out; an emission.
escaping
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪsˈkeɪpɪŋ/
ipa: /əsˈkeɪpɪŋ/
ipa: /ɛsˈkeɪpɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪpɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of escape
shavelings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of shaveling
trenches
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃɪz/
rhymes: -ɛntʃɪz
Senses: glosses: plural of trench
trenches
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃɪz/
rhymes: -ɛntʃɪz
Senses: examples: text: Anderson: We've all reviewed your reports, seen the data you collected, but it's all just theory to us.
Anderson: You've been there. In the trenches. Fighting them. You know what they're capable of.
ref: 2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Prologue:
glosses: The front line of any field of endeavor, as the line of scrimmage in American football, patrol duty for a policeman.
glosses: A difficult or disadvantageous situation; a low point.
Derived terms: in the trenches
Related terms: in the thick of it
trenches
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɹɛnt͡ʃɪz/
rhymes: -ɛntʃɪz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of trench
tortured
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃɚd/
ipa: /ˈtɔːt͡ʃəd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of torture
tortured
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtɔɹt͡ʃɚd/
ipa: /ˈtɔːt͡ʃəd/
Forms: form: more tortured
form: most tortured
Senses: examples: text: Those who have escaped the dark and terrible aspects of life will find my brutality, my flash of rage in our final tragedy, easy enough to blame; for they know what is wrong as well as any, but not what is possible to tortured men. But those who have been under the shadow, who have gone down at last to elemental things, will have a wider charity.
ref: 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 219:
glosses: Having been subjected to torture, mental or physical.
examples: text: a tortured history
glosses: Involving suffering and difficulty.
examples: text: tortured prose
glosses: Of literature, burdened by unnecessary complexity, obfuscation, abstruseness, etc.
Derived terms: tortured phrase
desiring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈzaɪ(ə)ɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪəɹɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of desire
Derived terms: desiringly
undesiring
desiring
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪˈzaɪ(ə)ɹɪŋ/
rhymes: -aɪəɹɪŋ
Forms: form: desirings
Senses: examples: c. 1850-1869', Frederic Henry Hedge, "Easter Hymn"
Hath the inhumated
Upward aspiring,
Hath he consummated
All his desiring?
glosses: A yearning for; a want.
reconciled
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈɹɛkənsaɪld/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of reconcile
disguised
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈɡaɪzd/
ipa: /dɪzˈɡaɪzd/
ipa: /dɪsˈɡaɪzd/
ipa: /dɪˈskaɪzd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of disguise
disguised
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈɡaɪzd/
ipa: /dɪzˈɡaɪzd/
ipa: /dɪsˈɡaɪzd/
ipa: /dɪˈskaɪzd/
Forms: form: more disguised
form: most disguised
Senses: glosses: Wearing a disguise; dressed in strange or unusual clothes, or taking on a changed appearance, especially to conceal one’s identity.
glosses: Made to appear as something other than it is, hidden in outward form.
raw_tags: of things
glosses: Altered for the sake of fashion; newfangled or showy.
raw_tags: of dress
examples: text: under a disguised name
qualifier: names
glosses: Serving as a disguise; altered for the sake of concealing one’s identity.
raw_tags: of dress
glosses: Concealed, hidden, out of sight.
examples: text: Therefore to make complaynt
Of such mysadvysed
Parsons and dysgysed,
Thys boke we have devysed, […]
ref: c. 1503–1512, John Skelton, Ware the Hauke; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 62, lines 20–23:
text: And thus the loselles stryves,
And lewdely sayes by Chryst
Agaynst the sely preest. […]
They mought be better advysed
Then to be so dysgysed.
ref: 1521–1522, John Skelton, Collyn Clout; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 261, lines 574–576, 579–580:
glosses: Acting inappropriately, badly behaved.
examples: text: He was never known to be disguised with liquor […].
ref: 1748, [Samuel Richardson], chapter 4, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume I, London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:
text: The saylers and the shipmen all, / Through foul excesse of wine, / Were so disguised that at the sea / They shew'd themselves like swine.
ref: c. 1600, Thomas Deloney, Strange histories, or, Songs and sonnets:
glosses: Drunk.
Derived terms: disguisedly
disguisedness
ill-disguised
undisguised
undisguisedness
moodle
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: moodles
form: moodling
form: moodled
form: moodled
Etymology: Unknown
Senses: examples: text: Over a sonata by Schubert he — well, I suppose I must not say that he moodled, or maundered, or anything of that sort.
ref: 1931, Bernard Shaw, Music in London, 1890-94, page 154:
text: The Poet moodles (from Brenda Ueland's If You Want to Write). She fools around, meanders, and takes time for feelings and not just ideas.
ref: 2002, Elijah Mirochnik, Debora Claiborne Sherman, Passion and Pedagogy, page 354:
text: I cannot begin to count the number of times I have moodled, set a sermon aside, often in midstream, and taken a walk through the church gardens, or around the city block, even caught a brief nap on the study sofa; in other words, I have let my mind lie fallow, and then returned to the task with inspiration renewed.
ref: 2006, J. Barrie Shepherd, Whatever Happened to Delight?, page 69:
text: She moodled all day and all night. Hundreds of tiny notions streamed from her head and ideas bounced back and forth, but no real possibilities formed.
ref: 2015, Paige Britt, The Lost Track of Time, page 62:
glosses: To dawdle aimlessly, to idle time away.
moodle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: moodles
Senses: examples: text: Better yet, take advantage of shared drives, moodles, and blogs as online resources.
ref: 2008, Grace Sammon, Creating and Sustaining Small Learning Communities, page 207:
text: We could equally explore the potential of wikis, drupals, moodles and other software for reflecting on performance making.
ref: 2011, Michael Anderson, David Cameron, John Carroll, Drama Education with Digital Technology:
text: Share what has been created in a binder or consider high-tech collaboration tools such as blogs, wikis, or moodles.
ref: 2013, Joni Turville, Differentiating By Student Learning Preferences, page 97:
text: The institute continuously strives to host training programs for teachers and students to develop and learn course contents using 'moodles' available for teaching and learning activities.
ref: 2014, Nikku Bala Raju, Hatta Zulkarnain Ahmad, Social Work Education and Practice, page 64:
text: The students do not only use smartphones and social media for entertainment, but they use them for information sharing, content sharing, academic peer group discussion, accessing learning websites and applications, and for accessing moodles.
ref: 2022, T Ravikumar, R. Anuradha, R Rajesh, N. Prakash, “Smartphone Usage, Social Media Engagement, and Academic Performance”, in V. Suma, editor, Evolutionary Computing and Mobile Sustainable Networks, page 362:
glosses: Alternative form of Moodle.
dystopian
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /dɪsˈtoʊ.pi.ən/
Forms: form: more dystopian
form: most dystopian
Etymology: From dystopia + -an.
Senses: examples: text: If Suzanne Collins’ novel The Hunger Games turns up on middle-school curricula 50 years from now—and as accessible dystopian science fiction with allusions to early-21st-century strife, that isn’t out of the question—the lazy students of the future can be assured that they can watch the movie version and still get better than a passing grade.
ref: 2012 March 22, Scott Tobias, “The Hunger Games”, in AV Club:
text: In my book Britain has actually worked out how it wants to leave and the EU is preparing a new constitution as a result. The real Brexit is actually much more dystopian.
ref: 2019 June 30, Philip Oltermann, quoting Tom Hillenbrand, “German sci-fi fans lap up dystopian tales of Brexit Britain”, in The Guardian:
text: He kept thinking about an episode of “Black Mirror,” the British dystopian anthology series, in which the characters rate everyone they interact with on a scale of 1 to 5 stars. (It doesn’t end well.)
ref: 2020 January 17, Amy Chozick, “This Is the Guy Who’s Taking Away the Likes”, in New York Times:
text: The whole city is immersed in a dystopian-looking smog: urban streets in sepia, emptier than usual, bathed in an eerie quiet.
ref: 2023 June 7, Samira Asma-Sadeque, “‘It’s too much’: New Yorkers don masks or stay inside amid smog crisis”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:
text: A pioneer of modern AI and Meta’s chief AI scientist, LeCun is one of the technology’s most vocal defenders. He scoffs at his peers’ dystopian scenarios of supercharged misinformation and even, eventually, human extinction.
ref: 2023 December 22, Steven Levy, “How Not to Be Stupid About AI, With Yann LeCun”, in Wired, →ISSN:
glosses: Of or pertaining to a dystopia.
coordinate_terms: nightmarish
glosses: Dire; characterized by human suffering or misery.
Derived terms: antidystopian
dystopianism
Related terms: dysphoric
subsides
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of subside
tumults
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tumult
spinescence
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /spaɪˈnɛsəns/
Forms: form: spinescences
Senses: topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
glosses: The quality of being spinescent
spinescent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /spaɪˈnɛsənt/
rhymes: -ɛsənt
Etymology: From spine + -escent.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Having a spine or spines.
topics: biology
natural-sciences
glosses: Terminating in a spine.
Related terms: spinescence
clam up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: clams up
form: clamming up
form: clammed up
form: clammed up
Etymology: By analogy with a clam closing itself. Compare clamshell (“mouth”), clam (“mouth”).
Senses: examples: text: Maybe he … or she … was a witness who refused to clam up … a whistle blower …
ref: 1986, Paul Chadwick, Concrete: Under the Desert Stars, Dark Horse Books:
text: Teenagers' father. Alright, Matt, I think you've made your point.
Matt Foley: Dad, I sincerely wish you'd do everyone a great service, and clam up!
ref: 1993, “Matt Foley: A Scary Story on Halloween”, in Saturday Night Live, season 19, spoken by Matt Foley (Chris Farley):
synonyms: shut up
shut up like a clam
glosses: To become silent; to stop talking.
glosses: To make or become clammy.
fools
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /fuːlz/
rhymes: -uːlz
Senses: examples: text: I am one of those melodramatic fools / Neurotic to the bone, no doubt about it
ref: 1994, Green Day, “Basket Case”, in Dookie:
glosses: plural of fool
fools
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /fuːlz/
rhymes: -uːlz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of fool
awaited
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈweɪtɪd/
rhymes: -eɪtɪd
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of await
Derived terms: long-awaited
occasioned
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /əˈkeɪʒənd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of occasion
exceeding
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːdɪŋ
Etymology: From exceed + -ing.
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of exceed
exceeding
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːdɪŋ
Forms: form: more exceeding
form: most exceeding
Etymology: From exceed + -ing.
Senses: glosses: prodigious
glosses: exceptional, extraordinary
glosses: extreme
Derived terms: exceedingness
exceeding
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːdɪŋ
Forms: form: more exceeding
form: most exceeding
Etymology: From exceed + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Those which write the life of Augustus Cæsar, note this in his military discipline, that he was exceeding liberall and lavish in his gifts to such as were of any desert[…].
ref: 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 7, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:
text: 1:14 And the grace of our Lord was exceeding abundant with faith and love which is in Christ Jesus.
ref: 1611, First Epistle of St. Paul to Timothy (AV):
text: […] a mighty huge hole or gulf all round, in manner of a hollow globe cut through the midst, exceeding deep and horrible to see to, full of much darkness, […]
ref: 1905, The Myths of Plato, page 442:
glosses: Exceedingly.
exceeding
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/
rhymes: -iːdɪŋ
Forms: form: exceedings
Etymology: From exceed + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: I have to say it appears to me in the first place, that the exceedings of expenditure beyond estimate appearing upon that account, do not give to the Grand Canal company the slightest legal right to any public money[…]
ref: 1812, Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command, page 198:
glosses: The situation of being in excess.
proofs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹuːfs/
rhymes: -uːfs
Senses: glosses: plural of proof.
glosses: Samples of the copy and layout of a printed document for review by the author or a proofreader before mass printing.
proofs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pɹuːfs/
rhymes: -uːfs
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of proof
Related terms: prove
proves
perturb
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /pəˈtɜːb/
ipa: /pəɹˈtɜɹb/
rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)b
Forms: form: perturbs
form: perturbing
form: perturbed
form: perturbed
Etymology: From Late Middle English perturben (“to disturb (someone) mentally, disquiet; to cause disorder to (something), confuse; to hinder (something)”), from Old French perturber, and from its etymon Latin perturbāre, the present active infinitive of perturbō (“to confuse; to alarm, disturb, trouble, perturb”), from per- (intensifying prefix) + turbō (“to agitate, disturb, unsettle, perturb; to upset”) (from turba (“disorder, disturbance, turmoil”) (possibly from Ancient Greek τῠ́ρβη (tŭ́rbē, “confusion, disorder, tumult”), either from Pre-Greek, or Proto-Indo-European *(s)twerH- (“to agitate, stir up; to urge on, propel”)) + -ō (suffix forming infinitives of regular first-conjugation verbs)).
Senses: synonyms: word: agitate
word: unsettle
word: agitate
word: freak
word: bother
word: bring down
word: discompose
word: disconcert
word: enturbulate
word: disturb
word: mortify
word: perturb
word: put out
word: ruffle
word: throw off balance
word: unsettle
word: upset
glosses: To disturb; to bother or unsettle.
topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
glosses: To slightly modify the motion of an object.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: To modify the motion of a body by exerting a gravitational force.
topics: mathematics
sciences
glosses: To modify slightly, such as an equation or value.
Derived terms: deperturb
perturbability
perturbable
perturbagen
perturbation
perturbative
perturbed
perturbedly
perturbment
reperturb
naysayer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈneɪˌseɪ.ə(ɹ)/
ipa: /ˈneɪˌseɪ.ɚ/
Forms: form: naysayers
form: nay-sayer
Etymology: Origin: 1715–1725, from nay + say + -er, equivalent to naysay + -er. First recorded use: 1721.
Senses: examples: text: He ignored the naysayers and succeeded with his idea.
text: As for the IRP, Secretary of State Grant Shapps continues to peddle snake oil, smoke and mirrors. His reaction to near-universal IRP condemnation from politicians, local and national media, and all but a few rail specialists was to dismiss the lot of us (in the condescending and patronising tone we have now come to expect) as "critics and naysayers".
ref: 2022 January 12, Nigel Harris, “Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL, number 948, page 3:
glosses: One who consistently denies, criticizes, or doubts; a detractor.
Synonyms: pessimist
doubter
cynic
Related terms: naysaying
nay-saying
mines
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /maɪnz/
rhymes: -aɪnz
Senses: glosses: plural of mine
mines
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /maɪnz/
rhymes: -aɪnz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of mine
mines
Language: English
Part of speech: pron
Pronunciation: ipa: /maɪnz/
rhymes: -aɪnz
Etymology: Variation of mine, formed with the final -s of the other possessive pronouns: ours, yours, theirs, etc.
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of mine (“belonging to me”).
melted
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: /ˈmɛltɪd/
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of melt
melted
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: /ˈmɛltɪd/
Forms: form: more melted
form: most melted
Senses: examples: text: Melted ice cream just isn't as much fun to eat.
glosses: Being in a liquid state as a result of melting.
Derived terms: chain-melted
meltedness
nonmelted
unmelted
Related terms: molten
sends
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /sɛndz/
rhymes: -ɛndz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of send
weighed
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /weɪd/
ipa: /weːd/
rhymes: -eɪd
homophone: wayed
homophone: wade (except Scotland)
homophone: wheyed (wine–whine merger)
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of weigh
sullenly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Pronunciation: /ˈsʌlənli/
Forms: form: more sullenly
form: most sullenly
Etymology: From sullen + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: A grim meaning rose in the vacuous eye of Lovel; Isaacs caressed his diamond pin, smiling in a sickly fashion; McNamara's wandering stare fixed and grew unhumanly bright; Ufert openly dropped his hand on his gun-butt and stood sullenly defiant.
ref: 1919, Max Brand, Trailin'!:
text: Sullenly, jocularly, resentfully, or derisively, names and addresses were extorted from the company, and each member given a jerk of the head to get out of this.
ref: 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 160:
text: Sullenly they paid what was asked, sullenly left, Hamzah feigning a kick at the glass showcase filled with loaves and Chinese cakes.
ref: 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972:
glosses: In a sullen manner.
lithosphere
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: lithospheres
Etymology: From litho- + -sphere.
Senses: examples: text: Then we indicate some of the more pertinent characteristics of oceanic and continental lithospheres.
ref: 2001, Neville Price, Major Impacts and Plate Tectonics: A Model for the Phanerozoic Evolution of the Earth's Lithosphere, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), page 28:
text: When applying Equation (3-74) to determine the downward deflection of the earth's lithosphere due to an applied load, we must be careful to include in q(x) the hydrostatic restoring force caused by the effective replacement of mantle rocks in a vertical column by material of smaller density.
ref: 2002, Donald L. Turcotte, Gerald Schubert, Geodynamics, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, page 121:
text: Active serpentine mud volcanoes observed in the Mariana fore-arc provide dramatic evidence for hydration of the shallow mantle wedge by H₂O fluids derived from the subducting lithosphere (Fryer. 1996: Fryer et al., 1999).
ref: 2004, Simon M. Peacock, “20: Insight into the hydrogeology and alteration of oceanic lithosphere based on subduction zones and arc vulcanism”, in Earl E. Davis, Harry Elderfield, editors, Hydrogeology of the Oceanic Lithosphere, Cambridge University Press, page 665:
topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
glosses: The rigid, mechanically strong, outer layer of the Earth; divided into twelve major plates.
Coordinate terms: atmosphere
hydrosphere
biosphere
Derived terms: chemical lithosphere
lithospheric
mechanical lithosphere
rheological lithosphere
seismic lithosphere
thermal lithosphere
Related terms: atmosphere
hydrosphere
ecosystems
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ecosystem
hydrosphere
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hydrospheres
Etymology: From hydro- + -sphere.
Senses: synonyms: hydrospace
glosses: All the liquid waters of the Earth or another astronomical body, as distinguished from the land and the gases of the atmosphere.
Derived terms: hydrospheric
macronutrients
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of macronutrient
macronutrient
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: macronutrients
Etymology: From macro- + nutrient.
Senses: examples: text: Along with carbohydrates and fat, protein is one of the three main macronutrients that make up our diet. Furthermore, it is the only macronutrient that supplies us with amino acids, making it essential for survival.
ref: 2025 April 15, Andrea Kane, “How to boost protein in your diet, without losing other nutrients. 5 tips from an expert”, in CNN:
synonyms: word: macro
antonyms: micronutrient
glosses: Any of the elements required in large amounts by all living things.
border on
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: borders on
form: bordering on
form: bordered on
form: bordered on
Senses: examples: text: The town borders on the forest, so there are often deer on the road.
glosses: To share a border with.
examples: text: His behaviour borders on insanity.
text: If Moldova harboured even the slightest hopes of pulling off a comeback that would have bordered on miraculous given their lack of quality, they were snuffed out 13 minutes before the break when Oxlade-Chamberlain picked his way through midfield before releasing Defoe for a finish that should have been dealt with more convincingly by Namasco at his near post.
ref: 2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport:
glosses: To be almost like some other thing; to verge on.
micronutrient
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: micronutrients
Etymology: From micro- + nutrient.
Senses: examples: text: Broccoli, on the other hand, is loaded with healthy micronutrients and is perfect in any meal, so keep it on your plate.
ref: 2010, Anthony Marcelus, “Fix Your Fare”, in Reps!, 17:75:
synonyms: micromineral
trace element
antonyms: macronutrient
glosses: A mineral, vitamin or other substance that is essential, even in very small quantities, for growth or metabolism.
Derived terms: multimicronutrient
micronutrients
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of micronutrient
put a sock in it
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: puts a sock in it
form: putting a sock in it
form: put a sock in it
form: put a sock in it
Etymology: Possibly from a crude means of muffling a record player's speaker.
Senses: examples: text: He went on and on until I finally told him to put a sock in it.
text: I found out from his mate that he was a Longfellow fan, and the fireman complained bitterly that, not being poetically inclined himself, he often wished that Alfred would "put a sock in it."
ref: 1943 September and October, T. Lovatt Williams, “Some Reminiscences of the Footplate—II”, in Railway Magazine, page 271:
synonyms: stick a sock in it
stuff a sock in it
glosses: To stop talking; to be quiet; to shut one's mouth.
temblor
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /tɛmˈblɔː/
ipa: /ˈtɛmbləɹ/
ipa: /ˈtɛmˌblɔɹ/
Forms: form: temblors
form: temblores
Etymology: From Latin American Spanish temblor.
Senses: examples: text: Ever since the San Francisco earthquake of April 18, 1906, scientists have been warning that it is just a matter of time before another major temblor strikes the Bay Area.
ref: 2006, Louise Chipley Slavicek, The San Francisco Earthquake and Fire Of 1906, page 107:
text: The earthquake's intensity, which gauges the actual effect of a temblor, was measured 4 on Taiwan's 7-tiered intensity scale in Yichu, 3 in Chiayi City and Tainan City's Chiali, as well as 2 in Yunlin County's Touliu City and Shuilin.
ref: 2018 November 10, “4.3-magnitude earthquake rocks Taiwan's Chiayi”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 10 Nov 2018, Environment:
text: PNR trips were suspended at past 1 p.m. after the temblor struck Camarines Norte, but was felt in the city of Manila at Intensity 3.
ref: 2022 December 8, Marc Jayson Cayabyab, “PNR suspends trips due to earthquake”, in The Philippine Star:
text: Ukraine was already dealing with the temblors in the U.S. government.
ref: 2023 October 8, Thomas L. Friedman, “Israel’s Worst Day at War”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:
glosses: An earthquake.
Related terms: tremor
emasculate
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ɪˈmask.jʊ.lət/
ipa: /ɪˈmask.jə.lət/
enpr: ĭ.măsʹkyə.lət
ipa: /əˈmæs.kjəˌleɪt/
ipa: /iˈmæs.kjə.lət/
ipa: /ɪˈmask.jʊ.lət/
ipa: /ɪˈmask.jə.lət/
enpr: ĭ.măsʹkyə.lət
ipa: /əˈmæs.kjəˌleɪt/
ipa: /iˈmæs.kjə.lət/
Forms: form: more emasculate
form: most emasculate
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin ēmasculātus (more at Etymology 1), see -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
Senses: examples: text: If the Icelander in his native climate ever ſhould experience the impulſe of a painter's genius, the year itſelf would not ſupply many hours in which his fingers could obey its ſummons; and in the other extremity of climate, where every fibre is unſtrung by relaxation, all, who have experienced, know the inaptitude both of mind and body towards any action or employ of either; unfit alike for arts and arms, the emaſculate and ſoft inhabitant ſinks into ſloth and ſlumbers away a life, that ſcarce deſerves a better name than vegetation.
ref: 1782, Richard Cumberland, Anecdotes of Eminent Painters in Spain, during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries; with Cursory Remarks upon the Present Stateof Arts in that Kingdom. … In Two Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for J[ohn] Walter, Charing-Cross, →OCLC, pages 199–200:
text: Thence as he glanc'd his eye, far other form / And much unfit for war he next eſpied, / Chemos, the ſin of Moab; power obſcene, / Emaſculate and ſoft, in looſe attire / A ſenſual deity; his glory 'twas / In arts of baſe ſeduction to excel, / And leagu'd with harlots to have turn'd the heart, / Of that wife king, and drawn him from his God / To bend his aged knees at idol ſhrines.
ref: 1794, Richard Cumberland, “Book I. The Assembling of the Devils.”, in Calvary, or The Death of Christ. A Poem, in Eight Books, Dublin: Printed by Robert Napper, for B. Dugdale, No. 150, Capel-Street, →OCLC, pages 14–15, lines 279–287:
glosses: Deprived of virility or vigor; unmanned, weak.
denitrification
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: denitrifications
Etymology: From de- + nitrification.
Senses: glosses: The process by which a nitrate becomes molecular nitrogen, especially by the action of bacteria.
Derived terms: chemodenitrification
codenitrification
hydrodenitrification
Low German
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Low-German
Etymology: Because northern Germany (Low Germany), where it is spoken, is lower in elevation than southern Germany.
Senses: glosses: A West Germanic language spoken in Low (i.e. Northern) Germany and north-eastern parts of the Netherlands, and formerly also in large parts of eastern and north-eastern Europe, which developed out of Middle Low German from Old Saxon; often treated as a dialect group of German (or Dutch) for convenience, but widely recognized as a separate language.
Synonyms: topics: language
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
sense: descended from Old Saxon
word: Plattdeutsch
topics: language
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
sense: descended from Old Saxon
word: Platt
topics: language
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
sense: descended from Old Saxon
word: Low Saxon
topics: language
linguistics
human-sciences
sciences
sense: descended from Old Saxon
word: Nether-Saxon
sense: West Germanic languages that are not High German
english: Low Dutch
translation: Low Dutch
word: Low-Dutch
sense: West Germanic languages that are not High German
word: Netherdutch
Meronyms: english: variety or varieties in the Netherlands
translation: variety or varieties in the Netherlands
alt: synchronic
word: Dutch Low Saxon
word: East Frisian
word: Westphalian
word: Eastphalian
word: Mecklenburgish-West Pomeranian
word: Brandenburgish
word: East Pomeranian
word: Low Prussian
english: variety spoken in America etc.
translation: variety spoken in America etc.
word: Plautdietsch
sense: diachronic
word: New Low Saxon
word: New Saxon
word: Middle Saxon
word: Old Saxon
sense: diachronic
word: Old Low German
Derived terms: english: East Frisian Low German
translation: East Frisian Low German
word: EFLG
word: LG
english: Low German
translation: Low German
word: L. G.
word: Mennonite Low German
word: Middle Low German
word: Old Low German
word: Northern Low German
word: Southern Low German
Low German
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: Low-German
Etymology: Because northern Germany (Low Germany), where it is spoken, is lower in elevation than southern Germany.
Senses: glosses: in, of or relating to Low German
Related terms: Ingvaeonic
Low Germanic
Low Germany
North Sea Germanic
dialects
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: dī'əlĕkts"
ipa: /ˈdaɪ.əˌlɛkts/
Senses: glosses: plural of dialect
hydrolic cycle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hydrolic cycles
Senses: glosses: the cycle of water from the oceans to the atmosphere to land and back into the oceans or atmosphere.
Hypernyms: cycle
oceans
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of ocean
biodynamic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more biodynamic
form: most biodynamic
Etymology: From bio- + dynamic.
Senses: glosses: Of, or relating to the effects of motion on living things.
examples: text: This ancient mode of thought exists to this day in the mystical biodynamic gardening practices of Rudolph Steiner, which call for planting only when the moon is in a favorable position for the variety of plant chosen.
ref: 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 215:
topics: agriculture
business
lifestyle
pseudoscience
glosses: Of, or relating to a form of organic agriculture with mystical and holistic elements, based on the teachings of Rudolf Steiner.
topics: human-sciences
medicine
pseudoscience
psychoanalysis
psychology
sciences
glosses: Of, or relating to a form of psychotherapy, massage and energy healing developed by Gerda Boyesen in Norway in the 1950s.
Derived terms: biodynamically
Plattdeutsch
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: enpr: plät'doich"
enpr: plăt'doich"
ipa: /ˈplɑtˌdɔɪt͡ʃ/
ipa: /ˈplætˌdɔɪt͡ʃ/
Forms: form: Platt Deutsch
form: Platt-Deutsch
form: Platt-deutsch
form: Plat Deutsch
Etymology: Borrowed from German Plattdeutsch.
Senses: glosses: Low German
Meronyms: word: East Frisian
english: East Frisian Low German
translation: East Frisian Low German
word: EFLG
word: North Low Saxon
word: North Saxon
word: Westniederdeutsch
word: Südliches Niederdeutsch
word: Brandenburgish
word: Brandenburgian
word: Mecklenburgish-West Pomeranian
word: East Pomeranian
word: Low Prussian
word: South Westphalian
word: Westphalian
word: Westfalish
word: Eastphalian
Related terms: Hochdeutsch
Plautdietsch
enigmatical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more enigmatical
form: most enigmatical
form: ænigmatical
Senses: examples: text: He saw now clearly that the sole crew of the vessel was these two dead men, and though he could not see their faces, he saw by their outstretched hands, which were all of ragged flesh, that they had been subjected to some strange exceptional process of decay. For a moment his attention concentrated on those two enigmatical bundles of dirty clothes and laxly flung limbs, […]
ref: 1905, H. G. Wells, The Empire of the Ants:
glosses: Pertaining to an enigma; enigmatic; mysterious.
Derived terms: enigmatical canon
enigmatically
enigmaticalness
unenigmatical
enigmatically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Forms: form: more enigmatically
form: most enigmatically
form: ænigmatically
Etymology: From enigmatic + -ally.
Senses: examples: text: He hurried out, glad to escape, leaving Cora frowning enigmatically under her hair.
ref: 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 234:
glosses: Acting in a manner that suggests an enigma.
examples: text: "Leila!" she said enigmatically. "Have you seen her?" / "I went to her flat last week with Dad—he likes her." / "Delilah is her real name, you know. All men like her. And Captain Fort is her lover."
ref: 1919 October, John Galsworthy, chapter I, in Saint’s Progress, London: William Heinemann, published December 1919, →OCLC, part III, 1 §, page 220:
glosses: Behaving mysteriously or strangely.
glosses: Functioning in a way that is unexplainable.
Julia
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈd͡ʒuːli.ə/
ipa: /ˈd͡ʒu.ljə/
rhymes: -uːliə
Forms: form: Julias
Etymology: From Latin Iūlia, feminine form of the Roman gens name Iūlius. Further popularized by early Christian saints. Doublet of Julie.
Senses: examples: text: Salute Philologus & Iulia, Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the Saints which are with them.
ref: 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 16:15:
text: "Julia!" when alone he would exclaim; "what a sweet sounding and romantic name: Julia! what music and magic in its sound! 'tis a name worthy only the fairest and purest of creation!
ref: 1826 The New-York Literary Gazette and American Athenaeum, July 8, 1826, J.G.Brooks&G.Bond, page 216
text: “Why, I mean,” I replied, recoiling, “I mean—in short—that—in other words—I didn't know your name was Julia.”
ref: 1864, Harper's Magazine:
text: "Why did you name her Julia?" Amy asked, letting the orange ice cream melt down the backs of her hands.
"Because it sounds dignified."
ref: 2000, Luanne Rice, Follow the Stars Home, Bantam Books, →ISBN, page 93:
text: In an order issued Tuesday evening in the ongoing lawsuit Orr v. Trump, Massachusetts District Judge Julia Kobick expanded the preliminary injunction she issued in April, which required the State Department to issue passports that match the plaintiffs’ gender identities.
ref: 2025 June 18, Samantha Riedel, “In Trans Legal Victory, Federal Judge Blocks Trump Admin From Denying Passport Gender Changes”, in Them:
glosses: A female given name from Latin.
topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
glosses: 89 Julia, a main belt asteroid; named for Saint Julia of Corsica.
glosses: A village in central Poland.
glosses: A French surname.
examples: text: And then came Julia, a general purpose programming language designed according to the requirements of scientific and technical computing, providing performance comparable to C/C++, and with an environment productive enough for prototyping like the high-level dynamic language of Python.
ref: 2016, Anshul Joshi, Julia for Data Science, Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 8:
topics: computer-languages
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
glosses: A programming language suited for numerical analysis and scientific computing.
Related terms: Gill
Gillian
Jill
Jillian
Juliana
Jilly
Julie
Juliet
Juliette
staying
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: enpr: stāʹĭng
ipa: /ˈsteɪ.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪɪŋ
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of stay
Derived terms: staying power
staying
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: enpr: stāʹĭng
ipa: /ˈsteɪ.ɪŋ/
rhymes: -eɪɪŋ
Forms: form: stayings
Senses: examples: text: The years that follow are chiefly noteworthy for his intercourse with four clever girl cousins called Southall, and sundry stayings at Moseley with a cheery, literary old grandmother[…]
ref: 1907, The National Review, volume 48, page 135:
text: But he found it strange to think […] of all these little things that cluster round the comings, and the stayings, and the goings, that he would know nothing of them, nothing of what they had been, as long as he lived, […]
ref: 1953, Samuel Beckett, Watt, [Paris]: Olympia Press, →OCLC:
glosses: A stay or visit.
joys
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɔɪz/
rhymes: -ɔɪz
Senses: glosses: plural of joy
joys
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /d͡ʒɔɪz/
rhymes: -ɔɪz
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of joy
spreading
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈspɹɛdɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛdɪŋ
Etymology: By surface analysis, spread + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: And so, unfortunately, this great and spreading network of railways, that recently showed such promise as a major instrument in the modern development of China, must be left for the time being in the melting-pot of Armageddon.
ref: 1941 October, F. S. Bond, “The Railways of China”, in Railway Magazine, page 440:
text: As towns continue to grow, replanting vegetation has become a form of urban utopia and green roofs are spreading fast. Last year 1m square metres of plant-covered roofing was built in France, as much as in the US, and 10 times more than in Germany, the pioneer in this field.
ref: 2013 May 10, Audrey Garric, “Urban canopies let nature bloom”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 22, page 30:
glosses: present participle and gerund of spread
spreading
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈspɹɛdɪŋ/
rhymes: -ɛdɪŋ
Forms: form: spreadings
Etymology: By surface analysis, spread + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Small numbers [of meadowlarks] remain on farms in the southern counties throughout the winter, usually relying on fresh manure spreadings for food when snow covers the fields.
ref: 1991, Samuel D. Robbins, Wisconsin Birdlife: Population & Distribution Past & Present, page 579:
glosses: The act by which something is spread.
Derived terms: sea-floor spreading
seafloor spreading
spreading gooseberry