cstr/en-wiktionary-extracted-all huggingface dataset:
endostar
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: In 2005, the CFDA approved endostar combined with cisplatin and vinorelbine as a regimen for stage III-IV NSCLC patients.
ref: 2015 January 7, Yuankai Shi, Yan Sun, “Medical management of lung cancer: Experience in China”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: A particular recombinant human endostatin
gensing
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: They found that oral gensing Rg3 led to a better response rate (33.3% vs.
ref: 2015 January 7, Yuankai Shi, Yan Sun, “Medical management of lung cancer: Experience in China”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of ginseng.
Gensing
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A district of St Leonards, and ward in Hastings borough, East Sussex, England (OS grid ref TQ8009).
glosses: A surname.
glabridin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈɡleɪ.brɪˌdɪn/
Senses: examples: text: Moreover, the metabolites of licorice, glabridin, and glabrene have an estrogen-like effect and have been used for the treatment of menopause [ 16 ].
ref: 2015 July 27, Gita Faghihi et al., “Complementary Therapies for Idiopathic Hirsutism: Topical Licorice as Promising Option”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: An isoflavonoid found in licorice
declog
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: declogs
form: declogging
form: declogged
form: declogged
Etymology: From de- + clog.
Senses: glosses: Synonym of unclog.
synonyms: word: unclog
Derived terms: declogger
declogs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of declog
declogged
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of declog
encephalomyelitogenic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: encephalo-myelitogenic
Etymology: From encephalo- + myelitogenic.
Senses: examples: text: It was concluded, therefore, that the yellow fever vaccination had activated some encephalomyelitogenic virus latent in the affected children.
ref: 1956, Kenneth C. Smithburn, Yellow Fever Vaccination, World Health Organization - The Michigan University Press, page 164
text: In this context, exposure to house dogs, especially in childhood, might be an easy way for human contamination with a heterogeneous morbillivirus which is highly encephalomyelitogenic.
ref: 1985, Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, Neurologie et Psychiatrie - Volume 23, The California University Press, page 61
text: Of the series mentioned before, all except the last four have been used together with eight relative meningogenic activities of amino acid substitution derivatives in a encephalomyelitogenic undecapeptide.
ref: 1976, Zeno Simon, Quantum Biochemistry and Apecific Interactions, Abacus Press, page 187
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Tending to rouse, or to be roused by encephalomyelitis.
eudaimonist
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: eudaimonists
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of eudaemonist.
eudaimonists
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of eudaimonist
TV timeout
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: TV timeouts
form: TV time-out
form: TV time out
form: television time-out
form: television time out
form: television timeout
Etymology: From TV + timeout.
Senses: topics: broadcasting
hobbies
lifestyle
media
sports
television
glosses: A time-out taking place during a televised sports match where the game clock is stopped for a period of time to allow for TV commercials to air before the resumption of play. The delay is usually after a whistle or other stoppage of play occurs, and not an interference with gameplay in and of itself.
Tallboy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Tallboys
Senses: examples: text: This is understandable inasmuch that the majority of observers were inside the air raid shelters by the time Tallboys started exploding and time delay fuses added even more to the confusion.
ref: 2002, Jak P. Mallmann Showell, Hitler's U-boat Bases, page 140:
text: The 12,000-pound ‘Tallboy’ was another creation from Barnes Wallis, who had long been privately working on the new generation of heavyweight, aerodynamic bombs.[…]Reaching a terminal velocity or 3,700 feet per second, the Tallboy was capable of making a crater that would have taken 5,000 tons of earth to fill.
ref: 2009, Leo McKinstry, Lancaster: The Second World War's Greatest Bomber:
text: The first occasion that the Tallboy was used in support of the Normandy campaign was on the night 8-9 June against the Saumur railway tunnel.[…]Twenty three Tallboys were dropped, most falling near the markers at the mouth of the tunnel causing great damage.
ref: 2014, Ben Kite, Stout Hearts: The British and Canadians in Normandy 1944, page 226:
text: Joe's nose art was Chuck-Chuck, a panda that was variously depicted driving a Jeep, carrying a Tallboy bomb or, to symbolise the British/American connection, wearing a top hat decorated with the American flag and a vest bearing the Union Jack and carrying a cigarette in a holder to represent President Roosevelt while smoking a cigar to represent Winston Churchill.
ref: 2014, George 'Johnny' Johnson, The Last British Dambuster: One man's extraordinary life and the raid that changed history, page 5:
text: Production of Tallboys was limited to one a day in Britain, and although thirty per week were being made in America, the convoys bringing them over could be held up by bad weather and the continuing (if decreasing) threat from U-boats.
ref: 2015, Sam Gooch, Group Captain John 'Joe' Collier DSO, DFC and Bar:
topics: government
military
politics
war
glosses: An earthquake bomb developed for the British Armed Forces and deployed by the RAF during World War II.
Tallboys
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Tallboy
profunditude
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: profundity
man-trap
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: man-traps
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of mantrap.
man-traps
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of man-trap
washes up
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of wash up
fanny pad
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: fanny pads
Senses: glosses: A sanitary towel.
topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
glosses: An unsprung separate pillion seat on a motorcycle.
fanny pads
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of fanny pad
mohatra
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From French, Spanish, or Latin mohatra, all from Arabic مُخَاطَرَة (muḵāṭara)
Senses: topics: law
glosses: Of or characterized by an avoidance of laws against usury by a pair of sales between a lender and a borrower (or their agents), where the first purchase is made on credit and an immediate repurchase is made in cash, the difference in prices amounting to the interest of the loan.
participant evolution
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
glosses: The use of technology in a way expected to change the course of human evolution.
hemoximeter
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hemoximeters
Senses: examples: text: Values for percentage saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen (Sat Hb) were determined using a hemoximeter (OSM3; Radiometer).
ref: 2015 May 13, Avnesh S Thakor et al., “Melatonin modulates the fetal cardiovascular defense response to acute hypoxia”, in Journal of Pineal Research, volume 59, →DOI:
glosses: The measuring device used in hemoximetry.
hemoximetry
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From hemo- + oximetry.
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: The measurement of carboxyhaemoglobin and methemoglobin in the blood and the subsequent estimation of oxygen saturation
hydroxycyclization
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hydroxycyclizations
Etymology: From hydroxy + cyclization.
Senses: examples: text: A transition state similar to TS 34 – 33 has been proposed in the reaction of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbenes generated by retro-Buchner reaction of 7-cyclopropyl 1,3,5-cycloheptatrienes. 79 Gold(I) complexes are able to catalyze the addition of amines, alcohols, or water to 1, n -enynes affording products of amino-, alkoxy-, or hydroxycyclization under much milder conditions than other metal catalysts. 26, 32, 33, 62, 80 − 82 These additions are stereospecific, as illustrated by the alkoxycyclization of diastereomeric enynes 1m and 1h, and proceed via opening of cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene intermediates 35 by attack of the nucleophile to the cyclopropane ring (Scheme 11 ).
ref: 2015 June 10, Ruth Dorel, Antonio M. Echavarren, “Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates”, in The Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume 80, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: A reaction in which the addition of a hydroxy group to one carbon atom of a double or triple bond is accompanied by cyclization
hypodynamic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more hypodynamic
form: most hypodynamic
Etymology: From hypo- + dynamic.
Senses: examples: text: These hypodynamic changes occur despite the continued high circulating concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6 2 indicating that the osteoblasts, and, likely, the osteocytes, are apoptotic.
ref: 2015 February 24, Gordon L Klein, “Disruption of bone and skeletal muscle in severe burns”, in Bone Research, volume 3, →DOI:
topics: medicine
physiology
sciences
glosses: Describing a decrease in both blood pressure and pulse pressure
icotinib
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Clinical studies on the R&D of new drugs, represented by icotinib and endostatin, also suggest a bright future in China of the development of clinical oncology and the further improvement of the cure rate in patients with advanced NSCLC.
ref: 2015 April 22, Yan Wang, Yan Sun, “Clinical experiences with molecular targeted therapy in lung cancer in China”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-7,8,10,11,13,14-hexahydro-[1,4,7,10]tetraoxacyclododecino[2,3-g]quinazolin-4-amine
infrapopulation
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: infrapopulations
Etymology: From infra- + population.
Senses: examples: text: If these data are assumed to represent random samples of flukes from the three host species, the Lorenz curves indicate that approximately 10% of flukes in any infrapopulation contribute about 30–35% of all eggs shed by a particular host.
ref: 2015 June 10, MELISSA A. BECK, CAMERON P. GOATER, DOUGLAS D. COLWELL, “Comparative recruitment, morphology and reproduction of a generalist trematode, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, in three species of host”, in Parasitology, volume 142, →DOI:
topics: biology
ecology
natural-sciences
glosses: A subset of a population
infrapopulations
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: These results are in striking contrast to the patterns of reproduction that are reported in other vertebrate/helminth interactions, in which reproductive inequalities within infrapopulations tend to be much higher (Keymer et al. 1983 ; review by Dobson, 1986 ).
ref: 2015 June 10, MELISSA A. BECK, CAMERON P. GOATER, DOUGLAS D. COLWELL, “Comparative recruitment, morphology and reproduction of a generalist trematode, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, in three species of host”, in Parasitology, volume 142, →DOI:
glosses: plural of infrapopulation
infraserratus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From infra- + serratus.
Senses: examples: text: A diagnostic local anesthetic injection (lidocaine and bupivacaine) was done in the region of the infraserratus bursa in this mid-scapular location.
ref: 2015 July 26, John G. Skedros, Tanner D. Langston, Colton M. Phippen, “Surgical Correction of Posttraumatic Scapulothoracic Bursitis, Rhomboid Major Muscle Injury, Ipsilateral Glenohumeral Instability, and Headaches Resulting from Circus Acrobatic Maneuvers”, in Case Reports in Orthopedics, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: A muscle located under the serratus
Related terms: supraserratus
supraserratus
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From supra- + serratus.
Senses: glosses: A muscle located over the serratus
Related terms: infraserratus
intratibially
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From intratibial + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: Mice were injected intratibially with mouse OS cells and then randomized to receive placebo or doxorubicin.
ref: 2015 March 17, Wendy Allen-Rhoades et al., “Cross-species identification of a plasma microRNA signature for detection, therapeutic monitoring, and prognosis in osteosarcoma”, in Cancer Medicine, volume 4, →DOI:
glosses: Within the tibia
isocalorically
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From isocaloric + -ally.
Senses: examples: text: Oral administration of the β-blockers, metoprolol and nebivolol, beginning at 12 months of age, increased the mean and median lifespan of isocalorically fed male C3B6F1 mice by 10 and 6.4%, respectively (Spindler et al ., 2013 ).
ref: 2015 April 22, Valter D Longo et al., “Interventions to Slow Aging in Humans: Are We Ready?”, in Aging Cell, volume 14, →DOI:
glosses: In an isocaloric manner
ligaturing
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: examples: text: The rat acute myocardial infarction model was reproduced by ligaturing the left anterior descending artery excluding the sham operation group which did not ligation only completed the operational process.
ref: 2015 August 13, Wei Li et al., “Effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on experimental cardiac remodeling”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:
glosses: present participle and gerund of ligature
monopalmitate
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: monopalmitates
Etymology: From mono- + palmitate.
Senses: examples: text: As a fermentation trigger, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (Tween 40) is widely used to enhance l -glutamate overproduction in C. glutamicum because it can decrease ODHC activity by downregulation of dtsR1 expression [ 16 ].
ref: 2015 August 12, Minliang Chen et al., “Effect of Tween 40 and DtsR1 on l-arginine overproduction in Corynebacterium crenatum”, in Microbial Cell Factories, volume 14, →DOI:
glosses: Any compound that has a single palmitate group
monopalmitates
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of monopalmitate
nucleoredoxin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From nucleo- + redoxin.
Senses: examples: text: In line with this finding, H 2 O 2 inhibited the association between disheveled and nucleoredoxin, blocking the Wnt- β -catenin pathway [ 72 ].
ref: 2015 July 26, Shijie Ding et al., “Redox Regulation in Cancer Stem Cells”, in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, volume 2015, →DOI:
topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: A thioredoxin that is involved in cell growth and differentiation
redoxin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: redoxins
Etymology: From redox + -in.
Senses: topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of a family of proteins that are involved in redox reactions
onlay
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: onlays
form: onlaying
form: onlaid
form: onlaid
Etymology: From Middle English onleien, onleggen (“to lay or place; impose; attack”). Equivalent to on- + lay.
Senses: glosses: To lay or place something on a surface.
onlay
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: onlays
Etymology: From on- + lay.
Senses: examples: text: Umbilical hernias in many centers are best managed with the use of polypropylene mesh placed in the onlay position or Ventralex-type mesh (Bard Davol) placed intraperitoneally in patients under local anesthesia in a day-surgery setting.
ref: 2015, Evangelos P. Misiakos et al., “Current Trends in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair”, in JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, volume 19, →DOI:
glosses: A material placed such that it overlaps another.
topics: dentistry
medicine
sciences
glosses: A restoration that covers one or more cusps of a tooth.
Related terms: inlay
overactivate
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: overactivates
form: overactivating
form: overactivated
form: overactivated
Etymology: From over- + activate.
Senses: examples: text: PTEN mutations can lead to PIP3 accumulation and as a result overactivate the AKT pathway [ 43, 44 ].
ref: 2015 July 26, Shijie Ding et al., “Redox Regulation in Cancer Stem Cells”, in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: To activate excessively
oxatricycle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: oxatricycles
Etymology: From oxa- + tricycle.
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any tricyclic heterocycle containing oxygen as a heteroatom
Related terms: oxatricyclic
oxatricycles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: Demetalation from 47 forms oxatricycles 48, whereas an alternative elimination with fragmentation of the seven-membered ring leads to dienes 49 .
ref: 2015 June 10, Ruth Dorel, Antonio M. Echavarren, “Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates”, in The Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume 80, →DOI:
glosses: plural of oxatricycle
oxatricyclic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Oxo-1,5-enynes also undergo an intramolecular gold(I)-catalyzed reaction to form oxatricyclic adducts. 91 We exploited gold(I)-catalyzed intramolecular [2 + 2 + 2] alkyne/alkene/carbonyl cycloadditions in the synthesis of several oxygen-bridged sesquiterpenoids.
ref: 2015 June 10, Ruth Dorel, Antonio M. Echavarren, “Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates”, in The Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume 80, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Relating to an oxatricycle
bological
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Misspelling of biological.
oxidonitrergic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: Pain sensation can be effectively controlled by systems of neurotransmitters such as oxidonitrergic, opioid, and cholinergic systems, in addition to others, acting in different ways during the pain transmission process and the interference with one of the components makes them a very interesting and complex phenomenon.
ref: 2015 July 27, Carolina Carvalho Guilhon et al., “Central Antinociceptive and Mechanism of Action of Pereskia bleo Kunth Leaves Crude Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Produced or activated by oxides of nitrogen
panacinar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pan- + acinar.
Senses: examples: text: The first contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CEST) performed on 06 August, 12 showed paraseptal and panacinar emphysematous changes in bilateral lung fields with flattening of the diaphragm.
ref: 2015 June 5, Geeta Shroff, “Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the treatment of emphysematous COPD: a case report”, in Clinical Case Reports, volume 3, →DOI:
topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
glosses: Affecting all the acini
paraseptal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ɛptəl
Etymology: From para- + septal.
Senses: examples: text: A CEST of chest performed after the therapy on 25 September, 2012 showed paraseptal emphysematous changes in bilateral upper lobes and rest of parenchyma appeared normal.
ref: 2015 June 5, Geeta Shroff, “Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the treatment of emphysematous COPD: a case report”, in Clinical Case Reports, volume 3, →DOI:
glosses: Located near the septum
Related terms: interparaseptal
pertrochanteric
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From per- + trochanteric.
Senses: examples: text: Unstable 4 part pertrochanteric fractures of the proximal femur without lateral cortical support presents considerable technical problem in treatment and the risk of failure is high with any implant.
ref: 2015 May 15, Jaydeep Shah, Ben A Marson, “A case report of Progressive subluxation leading to an anterior dislocation of the hip following sliding hip screw fixation for pertrochanteric Extracapsular 4 part fracture neck of femur”, in Clinical Case Reports, volume 3, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Passing through the (greater) trochanter
phagotype
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: phagotypes
Etymology: From phago- + -type.
Senses: examples: text: Ackermann's phagotype system was used by Inatsu et al.
ref: 2015 July 26, Anna Krasowska et al., “Isolation and Characterization of Phages Infecting Bacillus subtilis”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
synonyms: lysotype
glosses: A strain of bacterium that is sensitive to a certain bacteriophage.
Related terms: phagotyping
phagotypes
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of phagotype
phagotyping
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From phago- + type + -ing.
Senses: examples: text: Thus, they could be suitable for the phagotyping of this bacterial species.
ref: 2015 July 26, Anna Krasowska et al., “Isolation and Characterization of Phages Infecting Bacillus subtilis”, in BioMed Research International, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: The analysis and classification of phagotypes
phosphomolybdenum
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From phospho- + molybdenum.
Senses: examples: text: GEE ethanolic extract of bark of A. lepidophyllus, GFE ethanolic extract of leaves of A. lepidophyllus, GEH hydro-ethanolic extract of bark of A. lepidophyllus, GFH hydro-ethanolic extract of leaves of A. lepidophyllus, VIT C Vitaùine C, SOD SOD activity test, Catalase catalase activity test, Peroxidase peroxidase activity test, FLavonols flavonol assay, Polyphen polyphenol assay, MOLYBDAT phosphomolybdenum test, Flavonoids flavonoid assay, NO NO radical scavenging test, ABTS ABTS radical scavenging test, DPPH DPPH radical scavenging test, OH OH radical scavenging test, Red Act reductive activity test, FRAP FRAP antioxidant test, MDA MDA assay.
ref: 2015 August 12, Bruno Moukette Moukette et al., “Afrostyrax lepidophyllus extracts exhibit in vitro free radical scavenging, antioxidant potential and protective properties against liver enzymes ion mediated oxidative damage”, in BMC Research Notes, volume 8, →DOI:
glosses: phosphomolybdate
pindas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pinda
paragogical
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Forms: form: more paragogical
form: most paragogical
Senses: glosses: Synonym of paragogic.
synonyms: word: paragogic
Waama
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: A Gur language spoken in Benin.
Waama
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: A people in Benin who speak this language.
Yoabu
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: Synonym of Waama.
synonyms: word: Waama
phlegmasia alba dolens
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Latin
Senses: topics: medicine
sciences
glosses: A spectrum of diseases related to deep vein thrombosis, commonly seen during pregnancy and causing a white appearance of the legs.
Synonyms: white leg
milk leg
Festival of Light
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: examples: text: Deepavali, the Festival of Light celebrating the victory of Lord Krishna over Narakasura, the demon of hell[.]
ref: 2003, Gary Laderman, Luis D. León, Religion and American Cultures: An Encyclopedia of Traditions, →ISBN:
text: Diwali — the Festival of Light — was one of my favourites.
ref: 2010, Thea Euryphaessa, Running into Myself: A Journey through the Soul of the Feat, →ISBN:
ref: 2012, Pippa Howard, Jan Moffitt, A Story of Diwali: The Festival of Light:
glosses: Alternative form of Festival of Lights (“Divali”).
un-branched
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of unbranched.
action films
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of action film
hanging trees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hanging tree
gallow trees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gallow tree
gallows trees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of gallows tree
Proto-Brythonic
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: From proto- + Brythonic.
Senses: glosses: Hypothetical ancestor language of all Brythonic languages, including Welsh.
Synonyms: Common Brittonic
British
Late British
Neo-Brittonic
Related terms: The category of Proto-Brythonic on Wiktionary
datto
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: dattos
form: dato
Senses: glosses: A local headman in many parts of central Malaysia and the southern Philippines.
bell housings
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of bell housing
California minute
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: California minutes
Etymology: From California and minute, as a contrast with the phrase New York minute.
Senses: glosses: A period of time substantially longer than a New York minute, especially in reference to the completion of a task in an unhurried manner.
Kyles
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: See Kyle.
Senses: glosses: plural of Kyle
Kyles
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Etymology: Compare Kyle.
Senses: glosses: A surname.
against the world
Language: English
Part of speech: prep_phrase
Senses: examples: text: It's you and me against the world.
glosses: Together; as a group, unit, or couple.
raw_tags: of people
takes over
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of take over
taking over
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of take over
taken over
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: past participle of take over
took over
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past of take over
kankle
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: kankles
Senses: glosses: Alternative spelling of cankle.
kankles
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of kankle
tiwed
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: ipa: /ˈtaɪuːd/
ipa: /ˈtaɪʊd/
ipa: /ˈtaɪəʊd/
ipa: /ˈtaɪud/
ipa: /ˈtaɪʊd/
ipa: /ˈtaɪoʊd/
ipa: /ˈtaɪəwd/
Forms: form: more tiwed
form: most tiwed
Senses: examples: text: I tiwed, mommy.
qualifier: childish or African-American Vernacular
glosses: Pronunciation spelling of tired.
intralacustrine
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From intra- + lacustrine.
Senses: examples: 2016, Lucek, K., Kristjánsson, B. K., Skúlason S., & Seehausen O. Ecosystem size matters: the dimensionality of intralacustrine diversification in Icelandic stickleback is predicted by lake size. Ecology and Evolution, 6(15), 5256–5272
topics: sciences
glosses: Occurring entirely within a certain lake. Usually applied to speciation.
Menzel
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Forms: form: Menzels
Senses: glosses: A surname.
Related terms: Menzel Bourguiba
Menzels
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Senses: glosses: plural of Menzel
front desks
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of front desk
girlboy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: girlboys
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of girl-boy.
subunguis
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From sub- + unguis.
Senses: topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
glosses: A ventral plate of the claw.
photofrin
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: When low concentrations of photofrin are applied, the initial direct inactivation of catalase is not sufficient to allow optimal singlet oxygen generation from cell-derived H 2 O 2 and peroxynitrite and a strong inactivating effect on catalase.
ref: 2015 July 17, Michaela Riethmüller, Nils Burger, Georg Bauer, “Singlet oxygen treatment of tumor cells triggers extracellular singlet oxygen generation, catalase inactivation and reactivation of intercellular apoptosis-inducing signaling☆”, in Redox Biology, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Synonym of porfimer sodium.
synonyms: word: porfimer sodium
porfimer
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Pronunciation: /ˈpɔː(ɹ)fɪmə(ɹ)/
Forms: form: porfimers
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Any of several oligomeric porphyrins used in photodynamic therapy
Derived terms: porfimer sodium
preadjuvant
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + adjuvant.
Senses: examples: text: When 2 Gy IR in the preadjuvant schedule was combined with 20 μ g sunitinib an additional reduction in tumor growth was achieved (Fig. 6C).
ref: 2015 March 31, Esther A Kleibeuker et al., “Optimal treatment scheduling of ionizing radiation and sunitinib improves the antitumor activity and allows dose reduction”, in Cancer Medicine, volume 4, →DOI:
glosses: Prior to the use of an adjuvant
prehypertrophic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From pre- + hypertrophic.
Senses: examples: text: However, quantitation of the lengths of the different zones of the growth plates indicated that the proliferating zone of the growth plate was modestly increased while the prehypertrophic zone was decreased in CartIR −/− mice compared to controls ( Figure 2e and 2f ).
ref: 2014 July 1, Fengjie Zhang et al., “Insulin exerts direct, IGF-1 independent actions in growth plate chondrocytes”, in Bone Research, volume 2, →DOI:
glosses: Prior to the presence of hypertrophy
preperitoneally
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From preperitoneal + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: This technique has been used to cover large aponeurotic gaps, and it carries extremely high recurrence rates. 21, 22 In the extraperitoneal underlay technique, the mesh is placed retromuscularly and preperitoneally, as described by Stoppa in 1989. 8 This technique requires limited soft tissue dissection; therefore, it carries low morbidity and recurrence rates. 22, 23 The intraperitoneal underlay technique was introduced by McCarthy and Twiest 24 in 1981.
ref: 2015, Evangelos P. Misiakos et al., “Current Trends in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair”, in JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, volume 19, →DOI:
glosses: anterior to the peritoneum
pulsitility
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: The fetal arterial and amniotic catheters were connected to sterile pressure transducers (COBE; Argon Division, Maxim Medical, Athens, TX, USA), and calibrated mean fetal arterial blood pressure (corrected for amniotic pressure) and fetal heart rate (triggered via a tachometer from the pulsitility in the arterial blood pressure signal) were recorded continually using a computerized Data Acquisition System (DAS; Department of Physiology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK).
ref: 2015 May 13, Avnesh S Thakor et al., “Melatonin modulates the fetal cardiovascular defense response to acute hypoxia”, in Journal of Pineal Research, volume 59, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of pulsatility.
retromuscular
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Pronunciation: -ʌskjʊlə(ɹ)
Etymology: From retro- + muscular.
Senses: examples: text: The posterior rectus sheaths are reapproximated in the midline, and the mesh is placed in the retromuscular space and fixed to the abdominal wall with sutures. 69, 70 This technique is an important addition to the armamentarium of surgeons undertaking abdominal wall reconstructions and represents the gold standard of open repair according to the American Hernia Society.
ref: 2015, Evangelos P. Misiakos et al., “Current Trends in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair”, in JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, volume 19, →DOI:
topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
glosses: Behind a muscle
retromuscularly
Language: English
Part of speech: adv
Etymology: From retromuscular + -ly.
Senses: examples: text: This technique has been used to cover large aponeurotic gaps, and it carries extremely high recurrence rates. 21, 22 In the extraperitoneal underlay technique, the mesh is placed retromuscularly and preperitoneally, as described by Stoppa in 1989. 8 This technique requires limited soft tissue dissection; therefore, it carries low morbidity and recurrence rates. 22, 23 The intraperitoneal underlay technique was introduced by McCarthy and Twiest 24 in 1981.
ref: 2015, Evangelos P. Misiakos et al., “Current Trends in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair”, in JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, volume 19, →DOI:
glosses: Behind a muscle
stereodivergent
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From stereo- + divergent.
Senses: examples: text: This cascade cyclization process is ideally suited for the total syntheses of sesquiterpenes (−)-4α,7α-aromadendranediol ( 92 ), (−)-4β,7α-aromadendranediol ( 93 ), and (−)-epiglobulol ( 94 ) from a single dienyne 84b by using a stereodivergent gold(I)-catalyzed reaction as the key step (Scheme 24 ). 115 In the absence of any external nucleophile, cyclopropyl gold(I) carbene intermediate 89 undergoes a 1,5-OBn migration followed by intramolecular cyclopropanation to form tricyclic compound 88b, which is the precursor of 93 and 94 .
ref: 2015 June 10, Ruth Dorel, Antonio M. Echavarren, “Gold-Catalyzed Reactions via Cyclopropyl Gold Carbene-like Intermediates”, in The Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume 80, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: That produces different chiral forms of the same compound
Related terms: stereodivergence
sublobar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From sub- + lobar.
Senses: examples: text: In future, properly designed prospective randomized multicenter trials are necessary to define the role of RFA in comparison with sublobar resection or stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of medically inoperable clinical stage I NSCLC patients.
ref: 2014 December 22, Baodong Liu et al., “Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for medically inoperable patients with clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Beneath a lobe
subxyphoid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: We believe that subxyphoid single-port pulmonary metastasectomy can decrease patient morbidity from multiple chest wounds, provide better cosmetic benefits without chest scarring, and reduce the operative time and recovery period in selected cases.
ref: 2015 March 2, Chia-Chuan Liu et al., “Subxyphoid single-incision thoracoscopic pulmonary metastasectomy”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of subxiphoid.
supramedullar
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From supra- + medullar.
Senses: examples: text: It is noteworthy that atropine-induced cholinergic receptor blockade is an important effect that involves medullar and supramedullar centres related to antinociception [ 48 ].
ref: 2015 July 27, Carolina Carvalho Guilhon et al., “Central Antinociceptive and Mechanism of Action of Pereskia bleo Kunth Leaves Crude Extract, Fractions, and Isolated Compounds”, in Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Above a medulla
transbursal
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + bursal.
Senses: examples: text: Operative findings included a much thickened infraserratus bursa ( Figure 3 ) with extensive transbursal adhesions extending from the mid-to-upper aspect of the medial scapula.
ref: 2015 July 26, John G. Skedros, Tanner D. Langston, Colton M. Phippen, “Surgical Correction of Posttraumatic Scapulothoracic Bursitis, Rhomboid Major Muscle Injury, Ipsilateral Glenohumeral Instability, and Headaches Resulting from Circus Acrobatic Maneuvers”, in Case Reports in Orthopedics, volume 2015, →DOI:
glosses: Across or through a bursa
transfascial
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + fascial.
Senses: examples: text: Recurrence rate did not correlate with fixation technique, whether transfascial sutures combined with 1 row of spiral tacks or tacks placed in a double-crown pattern was used.
ref: 2015, Evangelos P. Misiakos et al., “Current Trends in Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair”, in JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons, volume 19, →DOI:
glosses: Through or across a fascia
transxyphoid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: examples: text: The use of thoracoscopic surgery for pulmonary resection is widely accepted, and the number of incisions required has been reduced to a single port. 1 – 3 Hand-assisted transxyphoid lung metastasectomy was first reported in 1999; and the feasibility and long-term results of this technique were well documented in 2007. 4 Given the advances in minimally invasive surgery and techniques for the localization of lung nodules, 5 the single-port technique can be applied through a single subxyphoid incision to perform bilateral pulmonary metastasectomy and right middle lobectomy.
ref: 2015 March 2, Chia-Chuan Liu et al., “Subxyphoid single-incision thoracoscopic pulmonary metastasectomy”, in Thoracic Cancer, volume 6, →DOI:
glosses: Misspelling of transxiphoid.
transxiphoid
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From trans- + xiphoid.
Senses: glosses: Across the xiphoid process
valerenic
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Etymology: From valerian.
Senses: examples: text: Previous reports also indicated that the roots and rhizomes are highly aromatic and contain valerenic acid that has been shown to inhibit the breakdown of neuro transmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that results in sedation.
ref: 2015 August 12, Dhanoop Manikoth Ayyathan, Rajasekaran Chandrasekaran, Kalaivani Thiagarajan, “Neuroprotective effect of Tagara, an Ayurvedic drug against methyl mercury induced oxidative stress using rat brain mitochondrial fractions”, in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, volume 15, →DOI:
topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: Relating to valerenic acid or its derivatives.
valerenic acid
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
glosses: The bicyclic sesquiterpenoid carboxylic acid (2E)-3-(3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-yl)-2-methylacrylic acid
living proof
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: examples: text: His story is living proof that anyone who puts in a good amount of hard work can find success.
text: Taiwan is not only a beacon of democracy, but also living proof that control of an emerging virus can be achieved through science, technology, and democratic governance. No draconian autocratic measures are required.
ref: 2020, Christine Chiou, “How Taiwan Battles the Coronavirus”, in The Diplomat:
glosses: A real-life person or thing which demonstrates the validity of a hypothesis.
week-long
Language: English
Part of speech: adj
Senses: glosses: Alternative form of weeklong.
hijackee
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hijackees
Etymology: From hijack + -ee.
Senses: examples: text: I'm starting to sound like I have a hijackee complex.
ref: 2015, Brian Monk, A Mediums Dream:
glosses: A victim of a hijacking.
hijackees
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of hijackee
Doctor of Humane Letters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Doctors of Humane Letters
Senses: glosses: A degree that is almost always conferred as an honorary degree, usually to those who have distinguished themselves in areas other than science, government, literature or religion.
Synonyms: D.H.L.
L.H.D.
L.H.D.
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: education
glosses: Initialism of Doctor of Humane Letters.
D.H.L.
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: education
glosses: Initialism of Doctor of Humane Letters.
Doctors of Humane Letters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Doctor of Humane Letters
Art.D.
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: education
glosses: Initialism of Doctor of Arts.
Doctor of Science
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: Doctors of Science
Senses: glosses: An academic research degree awarded in a number of countries throughout the world. (Latin: Scientiæ Doctor)
Synonyms: Sc.D.
D.Sc.
S.D.
D.S.
Dr.Sc.
Sc.D.
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: education
glosses: Initialism of Doctor of Science.
Doctors of Science
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of Doctor of Science
Dr.Sc.
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: topics: education
glosses: Initialism of Doctor of Science.
tin-horn
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: tin-horns
Senses: examples: text: There was an auto salesman in here yesterday that claimed you could always tell a fellow's class by the car he drove, but I says to him, 'Don't be silly,' I says; 'the wisenheimers grab a look at a fellow's nails when they want to tell if he's a tin-horn or a real gent!"'
ref: 1922, Sinclair Lewis, “24”, in Babbitt:
glosses: Alternative spelling of tinhorn.
tin-horns
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of tin-horn
Herschel graph
Language: English
Part of speech: name
Pronunciation: -æf
Etymology: From Herschel (“a surname”) + graph, after British astronomer Alexander Stewart Herschel (1836—1907), who identified the associated polyhedron (an enneahedron) as one for which there is no solution to the icosian game.
Senses: examples: text: Select a suitable independent set / and use part (b) to show that the graph in Fig. 11.81 (known as the Herschel graph) has no Hamilton cycle.
ref: 1994, Ralph P. Grimaldi, Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics: An Applied Introduction, page 587:
text: A bipartite graph like the Herschel graph of Figure 9.2 is also non-hamiltonian, but the algorithm is not likely to delete enough vertices to notice that it has a large separating set.
ref: 2004, William Kocay, Donald L. Kreher, Graphs, Algorithms, and Optimization, page 202:
text: 2006, Michael S. Keane, Dee Denteneer, Frank Hollander, Evgeny Verbitskiy, Dynamics and Stochastics, Institute of Mathematical Statistics, Lecture Notes—Monograph Series, Volume 48, page 174,
It is difficult to control what loops may arise: for example the Herschel graph [3] shows that a convex polyhedron need not be Hamiltonian as a graph.
topics: graph-theory
mathematics
sciences
glosses: A bipartite undirected graph with 11 vertices and 18 edges that is the smallest non-Hamiltonian polyhedral graph.
wikipedia: Alexander Stewart Herschel
icosian game
Synonyms: sense: smallest non-Hamiltonian polyhedral graph
word: Herschel's graph
what day is it today
Language: English
Part of speech: phrase
Senses: glosses: Used to ask for the current day of the week or of the month.
Related terms: what time is it?
GWG
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: GWGs
Senses: topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
glosses: Abbreviation of game-winning goal.
Hellenophobia
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: hellenophobia
Etymology: From Helleno- + -phobia.
Senses: examples: text: Since in Asia Minor, as well as at Constantinople, Turkophilism carries with it as corollaries Hellenophobia and Armenophobia, I will leave you to imagine in what paradoxes the souls of victors become entangled […]
ref: 1920, Georges Bourdon, Hellas and Unredeemed Hellenism: The Policy of Victory in the East and Its Results:
text: Their inveterate Hellenophobia was the only relic of the past that survived this great cultural revolution; and it now found for itself a new expression in Christian terms.
ref: 1961, Arnold Joseph Toynbee, A Study of History, volume 12, page 441:
text: Believers in a traditional Hellenophobia-Turkophobia would have stared at the sight of the Mytilene Greeks spreading farewell meals for their departing neighbours, and later accompanying them to the quay, where Christians and Mohammedans, who for a lifetime had been plowing adjacently and even sharing occasional backgammon games at village cafes, embraced and parted with tears.
ref: 2006, Bruce Clark, Twice a Stranger: The Mass Expulsions that Forged Modern Greece and Turkey:
glosses: Discrimination against Greeks.
Related terms: Hellenophobic
roscón
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: roscones
Senses: glosses: A sweet bread-based ring-shaped dessert filled with guava paste, common in Colombia.
roscones
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of roscón
abscotchalater
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: abscotchalaters
Etymology: From absquatulate + -er. First use appears c. 1876.
Senses: examples: text: On 11 June 1962, three absquatulating abscotchalaters – Frank Morris and brothers Clarence and John Anglin – became perhaps the only inmates of Alcatraz Prison in San Francisco, California, ever to successfully escape the facility.
ref: 2019 October 14, Paul Anthony Jones, The Cabinet of Linguistic Curiosities: A Yearbook of Forgotten Words, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 163:
text: Babir's life quickly began to bear a resemblance to that of an abscotchalater. However, by 1504, he managed to hegemonize the territories of Kabul and Ghazni, both in present-day Afghanistan. He then went on to recapture Samarkand in 1511.
ref: 2022 February 10, Dr. Kislay Panday, The Sovereign: Sprouts Of Good Governance, Prabhat Prakashan, →ISBN, page 252:
qualifier: thieves' cant
glosses: Someone hiding from the police.
Synonyms: fugitive
abscotchalaters
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of abscotchalater
abacomancy
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: Translingual: from Hebrew אָבָק (avák, “dust”), and from Ancient Greek μαντεία (manteía, “prophecy”).
Senses: examples: text: Hekuba planned every single day of Calliope, Gadukz's and even to a lesser amount Castor's life since the moment one of the royal Slaugh foresaw their union with her powers of Abacomancy.
ref: 2015, Selena Thane, Jinn Benevolence: Tuath Dé, Smashwords:
text: "I have asked for a close colleague of mine to come and perform a small abacomancy."
ref: 2016, P.L. Jones, Into the Shadows: A Rosedown Seminary Novel, Archway Publishing, →ISBN:
glosses: Divination using dust, dirt, silt, sand, ashes, or smoke. Patterns in the medium under various circumstances are interpreted to envision future events.
arrs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of arr
arrs
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of arr
arring
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of arr.
arred
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of arr.
parcook
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Forms: form: parcooks
form: parcooking
form: parcooked
form: parcooked
Etymology: See parboil and cook.
Senses: glosses: To cook partially.
Related terms: parbake
parfry
precook
parcooked
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: simple past and past participle of parcook
parcooks
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: third-person singular simple present indicative of parcook
parcooking
Language: English
Part of speech: verb
Senses: glosses: present participle and gerund of parcook
nitpickery
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Etymology: From nitpick + -ery.
Senses: glosses: nitpicking behaviour
GHGs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of GHG
pornochanchada
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Forms: form: pornochanchadas
Etymology: Borrowed from Portuguese pornochanchada.
Senses: glosses: A kind of comedic sexploitation film popular in Brazil during the 1970s and 1980s.
pornochanchadas
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of pornochanchada
GWGs
Language: English
Part of speech: noun
Senses: glosses: plural of GWG