cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Gynecologic Cancers in Women after Uterine Artery Embolization.

ABSTRACT Study Objective To characterize the short-term incidence of gynecologic cancer after undergoing uterine artery embolization (UAE). Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Commercial insurance claims database. Patients Total of 15 393 United States women aged 18 to 64 years who underwent UAE between 2007 and 2017. Interventions We used the IBM MarketScan (Armonk, NY) claims to identify adult women without previous gynecologic cancer diagnoses undergoing UAE between 2007 and 2017. Database queries identified women with any diagnostic or procedure codes related to gynecologic malignancies occurring in the first 3 years after UAE. A malignancy diagnosis was suggested by recurrent malignancy-related claims not linked exclusively to diagnostic testing (e.g., transvaginal ultrasound) and malignancy codes linked to tissue pathology claims. Incidence of malignancy diagnosis was calculated. Rates of endometrial sampling in the year before UAE were identified. Measurements and Main Results Thirty-one women undergoing UAE had gynecologic cancer diagnoses within 3 years of the procedure (22 of 31, 71% uterine cancers; 7 of 31, 23% ovarian cancers; and 2 of 31, 6% cervical cancers). On average, cancer diagnoses were made 1.1 ± 0.9 years after UAE. One in 497 women undergoing UAE was diagnosed with a gynecologic malignancy within 3 years, with an incidence of 1.1 malignancies per 1000 person-years. Cancer incidence increased with age at the time of UAE: short-term malignancy diagnoses were made in 1 in 377 women aged 45 to 54 years, and 1 in 79 women aged 55 to 64 years. In the year before UAE, 28% (4311 of 15 362) of women without cancer, and 23% (5 of 22) of women diagnosed with uterine cancer had preprocedural endometrial sampling. Conclusion These data can inform risk/benefit counseling and shared decision-making regarding UAE and its alternatives. Short-term malignancies after UAE highlight the importance of preprocedure evaluation in symptomatic women and women with age-related risk.
WIDS: An Anomaly Based Intrusion Detection System for Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) Protocol

Over the last few decades, the Internet has seen unprecedented growth, with over 4.57 billion active users as of July 2022, encompassing 59% of the global population. In recent years, we have seen an increase in mobile computing and the Internet of Things (IoT), allowing more users to communicate through the Internet using wireless devices. Modern Internet users use their wireless IoT devices for a wide variety of services that include cloud computing and storage, social networking, content services, online banking, shopping, to name a few. Moreover, with the omnipresence of IoT devices, wireless networks are used for services like device control, user authentication, etc. Wi-Fi is the network of choice for most of these wireless communications. Although Wi-Fi networks have improved over recent years, little has been done to secure Wi-Fi networks against attacks. In this article, we present a Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS); an anomaly behavior analysis approach to detect attacks on Wi-Fi networks with high accuracy and low false alarms. In this approach, we model the normal behavior of the Wi-Fi protocol, using n-grams, and use machine learning models to classify Wi-Fi traffic flows as normal or malicious. We have extensively tested our approach on multiple datasets collected locally at the University of Arizona and AWID family of datasets. Our approach can successfully detect all attacks on Wi-Fi protocols with low false positives (0.0174) and a varying low rate of false negatives for different attacks.
Bivariate Beta Regression Model and Its Medical Applications

Data mining techniques have been successfully utilized in different applications of significant fields, including medical research. With the wealth of data available within health-care systems, there is a lack of practical analysis tools to discover hidden relationships and trends in data. Among all statistical frameworks, regression has been proven to be one of the most potent tools in prediction. The complexity of medical data that is unfavorable for most models is a considerable challenge in prediction. The ability of a model to perform accurately and efficiently in disease diagnosis is essential. Thus, a model must be selected to fit the data well, such that the learning from previous data is most efficient, and the diagnosis of the disease is highly accurate. In this work, a bivariate Beta regression model has been proposed, which is based on a flexible bivariate Beta distribution with three shape parameters. Then, the performance of this algorithm is evaluated in terms of the accuracy of the prediction and compared to a similar regression model. The accuracy of model performance depends on the nature and complexity of the dataset. The results in this paper show the merits of our work.
Hunter, Richard Sewall 1909–1991

Richard Sewall Hunter was born in Washington, DC, in 1909, to Herbert F. Hunter and Susie Isabel Sewall. He was a pioneering leader in the field of appearance evaluation and measurement. His childhood was spent in Washington where he graduated from the McKinley Technical High School in 1927.
Follow-Up Care

In caring for the hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patient, each transplant center must determine their own programmatic guidelines to ensure the continuity of care of their patients in the immediate post-transplant period. These guidelines typically include anticipated frequency of clinician visits and laboratory assessments, parameters for drug adjustments, and protocols for infectious disease prophylaxis and treatment. Suggestions for follow-up guidelines will be highlighted in this chapter. While institutional standards vary, it is clear that communication with the patient’s primary referring oncologist is critical for optimal patient outcomes.
Interaction between adenine nucleotides and 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase. I. Inhibition of the hydrolysis of S-acetyl-enzyme intermediate in the esterase activity.

Abstract The interaction of 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase with various adenine nucleotides has been studied in order to gain insight into the manner in which the coenzyme, NAD, is bound to the enzyme and how this binding affects the various catalytic activities of the protein. The effects of adenine nucleotides were examined on the enzymatic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate. This reaction provides a simple model for the formation and turnover of the normally occurring S-acyl-enzyme complex. 5'-AMP, ADP, and ATP stimulated the initial rate of formation of the S-acetyl-enzyme intermediate, but adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and ADP-ribose had no effect. All adenine nucleotides inhibited the hydrolysis of the S-acetyl-enzyme intermediate with the following order of potency: ADP g ADP-ribose g ATP g 5'-AMP g adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate. By contrast, NAD inhibited the acetylation of the enzyme, and, under certain conditions, facilitated the deacetylation of the S-acetyl intermediate. Adenosine had no effect on the esterase activity. Inorganic pyrophosphate reduced the rate of both the acetylation and deacetylation steps, thereby localizing the inhibitory moiety of the adenine nucleotides. The relationship of these effects to the mechanism of coenzyme binding and enzymatic catalysis is considered.
Preparation and Diels–Alder Reaction of a Highly Nucleophilic Diene: trans‐1‐Methoxy‐3‐Trimethylsiloxy‐1,3‐Butadiene and 5β‐Methoxycyclohexan‐1‐One‐3β,4β‐Dicarboxylic Acid Anhydride

Preparation and Diels–Alder reaction of a highly nucleophilic diene: trans-1-methoxy-3-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-butadiene and 5β-methoxycyclohexan-1-one-3β,4β-dicarboxylic acid anhydride product: trans-1-methoxy-3-trimethylsiloxy-1,3-butadiene product: 5β-Methoxycyclohexan-1-one-3β,4β-dicarboxylic acid anhydride byproduct: triethylamine hydrochloride Keywords: annulation, carbocyclic-[6]; cyclization, cycloaddition; Diels-Alder reactions; silylation; triethylamine; zinc chloride, drying and powdering; benzene
Interest-matching comparisons using CP-nets

The formation of internet-based social networks has revived research on traditional social network models as well as interest-matching, or match-making, systems. In order to automate or augment the process of interest-matching, we describe a method for the comparison of preference orderings represented by CP-nets, which allows one to determine a shared interest level between agents. Empirical results suggest that this distance measure for preference orderings agrees with the intuitive assessment of shared interest levels.
SPSSI Leaders: Collective Biography and the Dilemma of Value-Laden Action and Value-Neutral Research

This study provides a collective biography of Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (SPSSI)'s most recent cohort of leaders and compares their characteristics with those of previous generations of leaders. Unlike previous collective biographies, I use responses to an e-mail questionnaire from 90 individuals who have been elected to SPSSI office, most since 1986. I examine the social categories to which individuals belong; educational experiences; the branch of psychology in which they received their PhD; and the role of collegial networks in the recruitment of leaders. I also introduce an historical perspective by comparing data on early and more recent cohorts of SPSSI leaders. Finally, through this study I explore possible links between leaders’ characteristics and their reasons for becoming involved in SPSSI. In particular, I examine relationships between the variables previously discussed and leaders’ reasons for being involved in SPSSI, with special attention to differential views about the role of values in research.
Applying built-in self-test to majority voting fault tolerant circuits

Testing requirements for the application of built-in self-test to fault tolerant circuits include: (1) detection of all single and multiple faults and (2) verification of correct circuit operation in the presence of faults. Modifications to built-in logic block observer (BILBO) and circular BIST are proposed which make these techniques satisfy both testing requirements. Evaluation of the two modified BIST approaches via single and multiple stuck-at fault simulation in conjunction with a random fault injection procedure indicate that the modified BILBO approach provides better testing results.
Deposition of high quality a-(Si,Ge):H films and novel graded gap devices using RF triode glow discharge deposition

The authors report on the deposition of high quality, reproducible a-(Si,Ge):H films and solar cell devices using a low-pressure RF triode glow discharge. They also report on the fabrication of devices in these materials using a novel bandgap grading scheme. The devices were fabricated on tin oxide substrates and required the development of an appropriate new buffer layer. >
Role of MRI in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer

Multiparametric MRI of the prostate consists of T1- and T2-weighted sequences, which provide anatomical information, and one or more 'functional' sequences, that is, diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Prostate MRI is the most accurate imaging method for local staging of prostate cancer and can also be used for the noninvasive evaluation of tumor aggressiveness. By magnetic resonance-guided prostate biopsy it is possible to target the most cancer-suspicious areas of the gland, especially in patients with a negative transrectal biopsy. In patients with biochemical recurrence after radical treatment, MRI is a valuable tool for the detection of local tumor recurrence and whole-body MRI can be used for the diagnosis of distant metastases.
Comparison of Three Burrowing Crayfish Capture Methods Based on Relationships with Species Morphology, Seasonality, and Habitat Quality

Abstract Three techniques used to capture burrowing crayfish were compared for efficiency and efficacy near Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge. Excavation of burrows, Norrocky burrowing crayfish trap (NBCT), and burrowing crayfish mist nets (BCN) were simultaneously compared for capture efficiency and trap efficacy. Additional research goals were to evaluate patterns in capture rates with changes in seasonal activity, influence of burrow diameter size to capture success, relationships between differences in morphological characteristics of species and capture success, and capture success and habitat quality. Excavation caught significantly more burrowing crayfish than the other two methods (40.7%), but the NBCT (5.2%) was not significantly different from the BCN (4.5%) in trap efficiency. The relative percent efficacy success adjusted for effort of each method was 2.61% for the NBCT and 2.24% for the BCN. Positive correlations between habitat quality and increasing NBCT (rs = 0.414, P = 0.023) and increasi...
Synthesis of lactoside glycodendrons using photoaddition and reductive amination methodologies.

Abstract Carbohydrate-based divalent and tetravalent lactoside glycodendrons were constructed in a convergent manner. The dendrons were synthesized beginning with the photoaddition of hepta- O -acetyl-1-thio-β-lactose, in an anti-Markovnikov manner, to a bis-allyl AB 2 trisaccharide to form a divalent dendron. Following two nearly quantitative deprotection steps, the divalent lactoside was coupled to another AB 2 trisaccharide by reductive amination to afford a tetravalent dendron. These paucivalent compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition

With recent advances in the aligned growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), there are great interests in CNT-based field-emission and electronic applications. In conventional thermal chemical vapor deposition, substrates as well as chambers need to be globally heated to a sufficiently-high reaction temperature. In this paper, we report a method for direct synthesis of CNTs on pre-defined electrodes using laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition. A CW CO 2 laser (wavelength 10.6 μm, beam diameter 2 mm) was used to irradiate the pre-defined structures for CNT growth. The temperature of the substrate was measured by a pyrometer, ranging from 850-1000 °C. By varying catalysts and laser parameters, carbon nanostructures including carbon nanofiber, multi-walled and single-walled CNTs can be controllably synthesized.
The effect of pulsed microwaves on passive electrical properties and interspike intervals of snail neurons

The effects of pulsed microwaves (2.45 GHz, 10 microseconds, 100 pps, SAR: 81.5 kW/kg peak, 81.5 W/kg average) on membrane input resistance and action potential (AP) interval statistics were studied in spontaneously active ganglion neurons of land snails (Helix aspersa), at strictly constant temperature (20.8 +/- .07 degrees C worst case). Statistical comparison with sham-irradiated neurons revealed a significant increase in the mean input resistance of neurons exposed to pulsed microwaves (P < or = .05). Pulsed microwaves had no visible effect on mean AP firing rate; this observation was confirmed by analysis of interspike intervals (ISIs). Using an integrator model for spontaneously active neurons, we found the net input current to be more variable in neurons exposed to pulsed microwaves. The mean input current was not affected. The standard deviation of ISIs and the autocorrelation of the input current were marginally affected, but these changes were not consistent across neurons. Although the observed effects were less obvious than those reported in other studies, they represent evidence of a direct interaction between neurons and pulsed microwaves, in the absence of macroscopic temperature changes. The data do not suggest a single, specific mechanism for such interaction.
West Virginia survey of visual health: Low vision and barriers to access

The West Virginia Survey of Visual Health was conducted to determine the types and frequency of barriers to vision treatment experienced by persons with visual health problems and low vision in West Virginia. The study used a Random Digit Dial (RDD) sample to gather information from 1026 households. Cross-tabulation of two variables were used to classify respondents or their family members as having low vision. Among the 1026 homes surveyed, 233 households reported having at least one or more persons with vision health problems. Out of the 233 households, 57 individuals were classified as having low vision. West Virginians who report vision health problems are older and tend to rate their physical health lower compared to those with normal vision. Treatment patterns illustrate that a large number of respondents see an eye doctor on an irregular basis. Economic barriers for the vision health population appear substantial. Transportation barriers are common among the low vision population. The impact of vis...
Comparison of fatty acid composition in tissues of low linolenate mutants of soybean

Abstract Phosphatidylcholine and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol are the proposed substrates for fatty acid desaturation to form linolenic acid (18:3) in plant tissues. A comparative analysis of the compositions of PC and MGDG molecular species, together with determination of total fatty acids, was conducted in the soybean cv. Century and in C1640, a low 18:3 mutant, to evaluate the expression of this mutation in the two classes of lipids among various tissues. Seeds of C1640 and A5, another low 18:3 mutant, had decreased 18:3 levels in cotyledons and axes but not in seed coats. Vegetative tissues of C1640 and A5 had lower 18:3 levels in roots but not in leaves and stems. The amount (mo1%) of 16:0/18:3 and 18:3/18:3 PC species in cotyledons and 18:3-containing PC species in axes, decreased in C1640 compared to Century. The reduction of 16:0/18:3 and 18:3/18:3 species in both PC and MGDG also occurred in roots but little alteration existed in leaves and stems of C1640. The present results suggest the existence of a possible common mechanism for the formation of 18:3 in roots and seeds which is different from leaves and stems.
Analysis of soybean lecithins and beef phospholipids by HPLC with an evaporative light scattering detector

Linear (r > 0.99) calibration curves were obtained for 10–150 µg of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), 10–75 µg of phosphaditylinositol (PI), phosphaditylserine (PS) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine, 10–100 µg of phosphatidic acid (PA) and 10–250 µg of phosphatidylcholine (PC) by high-performance liquid chromatography analyses with an evaporative light scattering detector, a Zorbax 7-µm silica column and gradient elution with two solvents. One solvent (A) contained 415 mL isooctane (IOCT), 5 mL tetrahydrofuran (THF), 446 mL isopropanol (IPA), 104 mL CHCl3 and 30 mL H2O; and the other solvent (B) contained 216 mL IOCT, 4 mL THF, 546 mL IPA, 154 mL CHCl3 and 80 mL H2O. The gradient in which 100% A linearly changed to 100% B in 20 min followed by 12 min of 100% B and then a linear change to 100% A during 5 min separated PE, PS and PC in soybean lecithins and beef lipids, but failed to resolve PI and PA. In these same samples, less polar lipids were separated from phospholipids (PL) by elution from Bond-Elut silica columns with diethyl ether/hexane (20:80, vol/vol), and PL were recovered by elution with methanol. This procedure is useful for concentration of minor lipid components. Levels of PE, PI-PA, PS and PC were higher in granular than in liquid lecithin, and PC was the most abundant PL in soybean lecithins and beef lipids.
Induction of tissue inhibitor and matrix metalloproteinase by serum in human heart-derived fibroblast and endomyocardial endothelial cells.

To understand the regulatory mechanisms of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover and proteinase expression in human cardiovascular tissue, we have isolated and characterized human heart fibroblast (HHF) and human heart endothelial (HHE) cells from endomyocardial biopsy specimens. HHE cell in culture exhibited the typical cobblestone growth pattern and positive immunofluorescent staining for factor Vlll related antigen. HHF demonstrated the typical spindle shape during culture and were positive for vimentin. Both cell types were negative for a-actin, indicating that these cells were of nonmuscle origin. Cell growth studies revealed significant growth when maintained in limiting serum concentration, suggesting mitogenic activity of these cells, and demonstrated growth inhibitory activity when grown in serum-free medium. Serum-dependent matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) expression was measured by zymography, immunoblot, and Northern blot analysis. Results indicated that serum induces both the MMP and TlMP expression at the mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. This induction was inhibited by actinomycin D and cycloheximide, suggesting transcriptional and translational regulation of MMP and TIMP. Indirect immunofluorescence labeling indicated expression of MMP and TlMP in HHF and HHE cells. These results suggested that the serum induces proliferation as well as expression of MMP and TlMP in HHE and HHF cells. The growth inhibitory activity of these cell cultures will enable us to explore further the nature of this response and compare this phenomenon with other growth inhibitors and growth promoters identified in other normal and transformed cells.
Chromatographic and biological aspects of inorganic mercury

Abstract The major areas of utility, and the ecological and biological significance of inorganic mercury have been reviewed along with salient paper, thin-layer, gas, column and ion-exchange chromatographic techniques for the separation and identification of inorganic mercury from environmental and forensic sources.
What do ‘You’ do when your robot bows, as your clone enters holographic MTV?

The notion of culture requires redefinition. A number of tensions/transforming factors—global v local; Third World v Western cultures; media literacy v print literacy; and post Homo sapiens cultures based on robots, cyborgs and chimeras—are driving new mind- and life-forms and cultures. What we do about the evolutions and transformations is still based very much on choices in the here and now.
Feature tracking: visualizing amorphous regions and their evolutions

An essential part of visualization of massive time-dependent data sets is to identify, quantify and track important regions and structures (objects of interest). This is true for almost all disciplines since the crux of understanding the original simulation, experiment or observation is the study of the evolution of the 'objects' present. Some well known examples include tracking the progression of a storm, the motion and change of the 'ozone hole', or the movement of vortices shed by the meandering Gulf stream. In this paper, we describe work-in- progress on extracting and tracking three dimensional evolving objects in time dependent simulations. The simulations are from ongoing research in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), however, the tracking procedures are general and are appropriate for many other disciplines.
An assessment of the connection machine

The CM-2 is an example of a connection machine. The strengths and problems of this implementation are considered as well as important issues in the architecture and programming environment of connection machines in general. These are contrasted to the same issues in Multiple Instruction/Multiple Data (MIMD) microprocessors and multicomputers.
A generalization of the nernst-Einstein equation for self-diffusion in high defect concentration solids

Abstract We show that the Nernst-Einstein equation can be generalized for a high defect concentration solids solid to relate the mobility or conductivity to the self-diffusion coefficient in the standard form: λ a D a = q a k B T , where λa is the mobility of the charge carriers, qa is their charge, and Da is the self-diffusion coefficient; kB and T are Boltzmann's constant and the temperature. We derive this relationship assuming that the diffusing particles interact strongly and that the mobility is concentration-dependent. We derive this relationship for interstitial disordered structures, but it is perfectly general to any mechanism of self diffusion as long as diffusion in a pure system is considered.
On the theory of critical opalescence for a classical fluid

Using a recent theory for the thermodyanmics of nonuniform fluids, the structure factor of a fluid near the critical point is calculated and found to deviate significantly from the predictions of the Ornstein-Zernike/Landau-Lifshitz theories when the square of the wave vector k2 ⪆ 10−2 A−2.
A Proposed Pathway for the Biosynthesis of Pectin and Methylated Uronic Acid Residues

MYOINOSITOL is readily converted into uronosyl and pentosyl monomers of pectin and related polysaccharides in higher plants1,2. During this conversion, myoinositol is cleaved between carbon atoms 1 and 6 and is oxidized at carbon 1 to yield D-glucuronic acid. The latter is further converted by the plant to a number of metabolic products including pectin and hemicellulose. It remains undetermined whether this conversion is an obligatory pathway of polysaccharide biosynthesis during cell wall formation, but certain theories may be advanced about the role of this process as a source of methylated uronosyl and pentosyl residues.
Amplitude solitons in incommensurate Peierls systems: Implications for TTF-TCNQ

Abstract Amplitude soliton excitations are described for both dimerized [i.e. commensurate with 2k f = ( π a ) ] and incommensurate charge-density- wave (CDW) ground states. For the dimerized case the soliton excitations can have charge + e, 0, − e with spin 0, ± 1 2 , 0 depending on the occupancy of the localized gap state. For the incommensurate case only the neutral spin- 1 2 soliton exists. Utilizing the results of Takayama, Lin-Liu and Maki, we show that E s = ( 2 π )Δ where 2Δ is gap for electron-hole excitations ( Δ i = W exp ( −1 λ ) for the incommensurate case and Δ c = W exp (− 1 2 λ) for the dimerized case where λ is the electron-phonon coupling constant and W is the bandwidth). We suggest that neutral soliton excitations may make significant contributions to the magnetic susceptibility of incommensurate CDW systems, and that this may be the origin of observed differences between the low-temperature magnetic and transport activation energies in TTF-TCNQ.
M (λ) theory for singular Hamiltonian systems with two singular points

The theory of singular Hamiltonian systems is developed. Square integrable solutions are exhibited and used to define Green’s function. Using a singular Green’s formula, other self-adjoint boundary value problems are generated in which regular and singular boundary conditions are mixed together. Finally the spectral measure, the generalized Fourier transform of an arbitrary function, and the inverse transform for problems with separated boundary conditions are derived.
Boundary element modeling of nondissipative and dissipative waves

A boundary element (BE) algorithm is developed to compute acoustic or SH-waves in models consisting of limited or unlimited volumes and irregular interfaces. We solve the BE system in the frequency domain so that anelasticity can be easily represented by different viscoelastic models, such as the Kelvin-Voigt type. Three illustrative computations are shown. The waveform given by the BE method for a circular inclusion model agrees well with that given by the finite-difference (FD) method. Dissipation of waves at high frequency caused by the presence of multi-cracks in an elastic medium resembles the masking effect of anelasticity. The waveforms for nondissipative and dissipative models containing hexagonal inclusions illustrate some interesting characteristics of the composite media.
Experimental Comparison of Thermal Control Strategies in Piping Networks

This manuscript presents an experimental study of three thermal control strategies commonly used in heating and cooling of buildings. The strategies are defined by the variables to be controlled, the hardware used for control and the piping arrangement. The experimental facility includes three heat exchangers within secondary loops that are connected to a primary loop. A different control technique is applied to each secondary loop. A heat exchanger on the primary loop delivers cooling water to the secondaries and receives warm water in return. Chilled water is provided by the building services. The thermal load to the heat exchangers is supplied by two water heaters which are located on a closed heating circuit. PID controllers are used to respond to changes in the thermal load. The temperature difference at the primary loop heat exchanger is used as a criterion for comparison to assess the relative merits and drawbacks of each strategy.© 2003 ASME
Characterization of the Strongly Coupled, Low-Frequency Vibrational Modes of the Special Pair of Photosynthetic Reaction Centers via Isotopic Labeling of the Cofactors

Low-frequency (50−425-cm-1), near-infrared-excitation resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for bacterial photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) from Rhodobacter sphaeroides in which the bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) and bacteriopheophytin (BPh) cofactors are labeled with 15N or 26Mg. The focus of the study is the identification of the very low-frequency modes of the dimer of BChls (P) which are strongly coupled to the P* electronic transition which initiates the primary charge separation process in RCs. In order to gain a complete picture of the vibrational characteristics, the low-frequency RR spectra of the accessory BChls and the BPhs were examined in addition to those of P. The RR spectra of the isotopically labeled cofactors in the RCs were compared with one another and with the spectra obtained for solid-film samples of isolated, isotopically labeled BChl and BPh. Based on these comparisons and the predictions of semiempirical normal coordinate calculations, a self-consistent set of assignments has...
Public transaction costs of agri-environmental schemes and their determinants—Analysing stakeholders' involvement and perceptions

Despite an overall budget increase for rural development in the new programming period (2007–2013), most older Member States in the now expanded European Union are facing a substantial reduction in their budget for rural development and thus for agri-environmental schemes (AESs). It can be assumed that, in most countries, none or at best only part of this loss can be offset by national funds. Therefore the design of more efficient national governance structures for AESs, which decrease public transaction costs (TCs), would be an appropriate solution to this problem. The objective of this paper is to define the factors that influence these public TCs, so that appropriate action can then be taken to reduce them. A statistical analysis, with a proxy for public TCs, is combined with an analysis of stakeholder perceptions (excluding farmers) concerning public TC influencing factors. The research showed that it is mainly scheme related factors that are perceived to be important, although the governance structure, institutional environment and level of trust also play a role. Finally, the analysis of perceptions concerning TCs also showed that AES related actors have a limited knowledge of TCs.
Pneumoperitoneum in the cancer patient: advantages and pitfalls.

The use of pneumoperitoneum to create a working environment for laparoscopic surgery may have both beneficial and detrimental effects in cancer patients. Studies suggest that immune mechanisms are protected when laparoscopic procedures are used and this does not seem to be compromised by the use of gas in the abdomen. Potential pitfalls in the utilization of pneumoperitoneum include the effects of hypothermia, cardiovascular consequences, hypercoagulability with associated deep-venous thrombosis, and the possibility that trocar-site recurrences may be produced by using a pneumoperitoneum. No concrete evidence of either beneficial or detrimental effects from pneumoperitoneum in cancer patients currently exists. Studies utilizing animal models and humans should be supported in this extremely important area. Semin. Surg. Oncol. 15:151–154, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Materiality and Autonomy in the Pocumtuck Homeland

The Indigenous people of New England’s middle Connecticut River Valley are often imagined as having been subservient to powerful tribal nations elsewhere. Yet, archaeological and ethnohistorical evidence suggests Pocumtuck independence and autonomy in relations with neighboring Native groups and with Dutch, English, and French colonizers during the seventeenth century. We employ a decolonizing framework, drawing on H.M. Wobst’s critique of the preoccupation with dominance and geopolitical “centers” to analyze this evidence. By framing artifacts, colonial texts, and cultural interactions as both past and present “material interventions,” we can generate better understandings of Pocumtuck political autonomy, agency and identity.
The University of Arizona College of Medicine Optimal Aging Program: stepping in the shadows of successful aging.

Abstract The Optimal Aging Program (OAP) at the University of Arizona, College of Medicine is a longitudinal mentoring program that pairs students with older adults who are considered to be aging successfully. This credit-bearing elective was initially established in 2001 through a grant from the John A. Hartford Foundation, and aims to expand the concept of aging to include those of active, independently living, healthy older adults. The program goals are to provide students with the opportunity to develop a relationship with an older adult who continues to be active in her community and expand students' concepts of aging to include the increasing reality of healthy, active older adulthood. A review of students' journals, verbal feedback, and questionnaire surveys has been used to evaluate the OAP, and has resulted in minor modifications of the program since inception. These findings and the program modifications are described in the present study. “Success factors” are identified that may be employed by...
Identification of Nonadaptive MBA Writers through the Use of Linguistic Analysis.

Samples of formal business reports and business memos were obtained from MBA students in multiple disciplines. The samples were analyzed in terms of their relative cohesion, concreteness of wording, causal relationships, intentional referencing, and readability. A classification function based on these measures was then used to identify entering MBA students as using either a memo or report style of writing, based on their personal statements and GMAT analytical writing essays. Documents for these students from the beginning and end of their academic programs were similarly analyzed. We found that students who are initially classified as report writers consistently produce documents of that quality throughout their programs. Moreover, we also found that, if memo writers do not quickly adapt their style of writing, they tend to produce documents using a memo style without regard to the type of document being requested.
Trends in alpha-blocker treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and hypertension: dosing regimens and cost comparisons

Dosing regimen is an important determinant of both drug cost and patient compliance. This retrospective analysis evaluated dosing regimens and drug acquisition costs for 101 patients identified from medical records in a large metropolitan hospital as having hypertension and/or benign prostatic hyperplasia and receiving alpha-blocker therapy with either doxazosin or terazosin. Although once-daily administration is generally recommended for both drugs, 25 (38%) of 66 patients receiving terazosin were treated twice daily compared with 6 (17%) of 35 patients treated twice daily with doxazosin. This difference was statistically significant. The average (mean +/- SD) daily treatment cost per patient for all individuals receiving terazosin during the period of the record review was $1.68 +/- 0.60. For patients treated with doxazosin, the average was $0.96 +/- 0.65-a highly statistically significant result. If all 66 patients receiving terazosin had been converted to doxazosin at the beginning of the study, annual savings would have been $17,345.00. These results demonstrate the importance of reviewing actual dosing regimens. The fact that doxazosin could be administered to a significantly higher percentage of patients once daily rather than twice daily substantially decreased its cost relative to terazosin. A once-daily treatment regimen may also enhance patient compliance, thereby improving the chances of therapeutic success.
Mohs' micrographic surgery using frozen sections alone may be unsuitable for detecting single atypical melanocytes at the margins of melanoma in situ

SummaryBackground It remains questionable whether micrographic surgery with frozen sections is an appropriate technique for excision of melanoma in situ (MIS) of the lentigo maligna type. Advocates of the technique have interpreted MIS as being histologically defined by nests and contiguous atypical melanocytes on the basal layer. Others, however, have viewed the periphery of MIS as consisting of scattered single atypical melanocytes, a finding that may be difficult or impossible to establish on frozen sections. Objectives To examine the reliability of micrographic surgery using frozen sections interpreted by an experienced Mohs' surgeon, in the excision of MIS. Methods From a total of 154 specimens, frozen sections from the 50 specimens with margins that were considered difficult to interpret were thawed, sent for routine processing and then examined ‘blind’ by a dermatopathologist. Results Using the dermatopathologist's report on paraffin-embedded sections as a reference point, the sensitivity and specificity of frozen sections were calculated to be 59% and 81%, respectively. Conclusions Using these histological criteria, micrographic surgery with frozen sections alone is unreliable in the excision of MIS.
Discordant Evaluations of Blacks Affect Nonverbal Behavior

Previous research suggests that automatic prejudice directly manifests in nonverbal behavior. The authors offer a more complex picture of the relation between automatic processes and nonverbal behavior by suggesting that any discomfort that appears in nonverbal behavior stems not from negative attitudes per se but from discordance between automatically activated attitudes toward Blacks and the specific evaluations being expressed. White participants for whom estimates of automatic prejudice were available provided videotaped evaluations of several individuals, including two matched Black and White males. Discordance between general racial attitudes and evaluations of specific targets manifested in discomfort-related nonverbal behavior. Moreover, naive Black judges, but not White judges, doubted the sincerity of individuals characterized by discordance. The nature of the nonverbal “leakage” that automatic prejudice produces is discussed.
Space Shuttle Orbiter Static Stability and Control Derivatives Obtained from Wind-Tunnel and Flight Tests

T HIS Synoptic presents a comparison of the results of tests conducted in the Langley 8 ft transonic pressure tunnel with the static stability and control parameters extracted from the Space Shuttle Orbiter approach and landing flight tests (ALT). To obtain the wind-tunnel values of the static longitudinal and lateral directional stability and control derivatives, an 0.02 scale model of the prbiter with remotely driven elevens, ailerons, and body flap was tested at flight values of angle of attack, Mach number, trimmed eleven deflection, bodyflap deflection, and speed-brake position. Utilizing these data, a comparison has been made of stability and control parameters determined from the wind tunnel, ALT flight tests, and the Space Shuttle Orbiter Design Data Book. limited portion of the subsonic speed regime. Because of the nature of the ALT flight program, all data obtained are subsonic over a Mach number range of 0.41-0.56 and over an angle-of-attack range of approximately 2-10 deg. The complete comparison of wind-tunnel and ALT flight values of the static stability and control derivatives is presented in Ref. 1 and a comparison of the dynamic derivatives is presented in Ref. 2. A comparison of the stability and control derivatives measured in the Langley 8 ft transonic pressure tunnel with those extracted by both the Air Force and NASA from ALT flights 4 and 53'4 and those presented in the aerodynamic design data book5 are presented in Figs. 1-3 (e.g. at 0.65 Q. The values from Ref. 5 were determined from a large volume of wind-tunnel data obtained prior to the ALT flights. Each of the data points represents a different flight condition (Mach number and angle of attack). An uncertainty band (variations), defined in Ref. 5, is presented on the comparison figures. The variations were determined using wind-tunnel and flight data for aircraft similar to the Orbiter.4 Longitudinal Stability and Control The comparisons show that the longitudinal stability derivatives Cma determined from the wind-tunnel tests are in good agreement with the flight data. The data book values indicate a lower level of stability over the test angle-of-attack range than for either the flight or wind-tunnel results. In all cases, both the wind-tunnel and flight values of Cma fall within the variations band. There are three sets of flight values of CNa presented in Fig. 1. Reference 3 provided CNa data from both a primary and a backup accelerometer, but only one set of data is presented in
Matrix-assisted pulsed laser deposition of croconic acid, a diprotic organic ferroelectric

MAPLE has long been demonstrated as a successful tool for the deposition of relatively large polymerics and biomaterials. Less work has been done with small-mass organic compounds. In this work, MAPLE has been demonstrated as a viable materials processing technique for 4,5-dihydroxycyclopentenetrione, a diprotic hydroxylic acid, more commonly known as croconic acid ((C=O)3(COH)2). Croconic acid readily dissociates in solution, and, as prepared in the solvent matrices used in this study, was deposited in large part as the solvated croconate conjugate base. Various substrates were utilized and the deposited films were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, atomic and piezo-force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and second harmonic generation measurements. This material has potential application in nonlinear optics and green computing as memory elements.
Acute arsenic intoxication presenting as Guillain-Barré-like syndrome.

Arsenic-induced polyneuropathy is traditionally classified as an axonal-loss type, electrodiagnostically resulting in low amplitude or absent sensory and motor responses, relatively preserved proximal and distal motor conduction rates, and distal denervation. We report four patients with a subacute onset progressive polyradiculoneuropathy following high-dose arsenic poisoning. In three patients, early electrodiagnostic testing demonstrated findings suggestive of an acquired segmental demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. Serial testing confirmed evolution into features of a distal dying-back neuropathy. We hypothesize that arsenic toxicity and the resultant biochemical derangement of the peripheral nerve cell leads to subtle changes in axonal function that produce, initially, segmental demyelination and eventually distal axonal degeneration. Acute arsenic toxicity must be suspected in patients with clinical and electrodiagnostic features supporting Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Influence of semen collection techniques on composition of bull seminal plasma.

Abstract Seminal plasma from semen collected with an artificial vagina at 55C contained slightly higher fructose concentrations (P
Computational biology: plus c'est la même chose, plus ça change

A report on the joint 19th Annual International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (ISMB)/10th Annual European Conference on Computational Biology (ECCB) meetings and the 7th International Society for Computational Biology Student Council Symposium, Vienna, Austria, 15-19 July 2011.
Behavioural and endocrine predictors of dominance and tolerance in female common marmosets,Callithrix jacchus

Abstract As a result of social subordination, female common marmosets undergo suppression of ovulation and inhibition of sexual behaviour. This study examined the possibility that subordination also results in decreased aggressiveness and increased submissiveness towards same-sex strangers. Thirty-two adult females were pre-assigned to eight mixed-sex social groups. The females' behavioural and adrenocortical responses to brief confrontations with each of three female strangers were assessed under two conditions: while subjects were pair-housed with a male and while they were living in established, mixed-sex groups. Only 22% of subjects threatened stimulus females in the heterosexual pairs condition, 47% submitted and 31% showed no agonism. These agonistic behaviour patterns reliably predicted whether a female would become dominant or subordinate in a mixed-sex group. When animals were housed in established social groups, both dominant and subordinate females either showed similar responses to stimulus animals as they did in the earlier condition or became somewhat less responsive. Plasma cortisol levels did not correlate with agonistic behaviour and were not elevated by stranger-encounter testing. Finally, in the first 10 days following group formation, subordinate females that had shown ovulatory cyclicity prior to group formation were significantly more likely to receive persistent aggression from their dominant female groupmate than subordinates that had been anovulatory. These results suggest that attainment of social status between female marmosets is closely related to pre-existing individual differences in agonistic behaviour, whereas tolerance between females depends upon ovarian function.
Active Excitation for Battery Model Parameter Identification

In this paper an active excitation approach to battery model parameter identification is discussed. Based on begin-of-life battery model, it is possible to establish a reference parameter table (either fixed, or adaptively learned), and based on such reference parameter table, as well as by analysing battery input signal, active excitation request may be generated. Active excitation is achieved based on maintaining overall torque level with regard to drive input, while adjusting both engine and battery power output (and input). Both conditions for active excitation request, as well as active excitation generation approaches, are presented in detail. Simulation examples using production electrified vehicle battery model parameters and real world drive cycles demonstrate that the proposed approach indeed improves battery model parameter identification accuracy.Copyright © 2014 by ASME
Advanced Automation Systems design

The Advanced Automation System (AAS) is being developed for the US Federal Aviation Administration to provide air traffic control automation support well into the twenty-first century. The authors provide an overview of the AAS design and discuss key-requirement design drivers. The extremely high system-availability requirements are described, and the architectural, hardware, and software approaches to meeting them are discussed. The replacement of paper flight progress strips with an all-electronic display workstation for the air traffic controller has demanded a major effort in human engineering. The scope and results of this effort to date are described. >
Effect of Gas Flow on the Properties of a Plasma Column

THIS communication describes some effects of gas flow on the properties of a weakly ionized d.c. discharge in argon at pressures of 2–30 mm mercury, with discharge currents of 15–200 m.amp, and gas flow velocities ranging from zero to 1.5 × 104 cm/sec, corresponding to a Mach number approximately 0.5.