cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Practice with Children and Adolescents Who Abuse Substances

This chapter focuses on evidence-based practice (EBP) and substance abuse. Research findings are reported that suggest substantial disagreement regarding the effectiveness of certain types of treatment, particularly very brief treatment with high-risk abusers. However, promising research on natural recovery and self-help groups suggests that treatment effectiveness may be positive with these two approaches. Research issues are discussed which make the development of best evidence on the efficacy of all forms of treatment of substance abuse questionable, and the suggestion is made that before best evidence can be developed, more effective studies must take place that include adequate research designs and controls. A case study is provided that demonstrates the use of EBP with substance-abusing clients.
Treatment Toxicity: Radiation

Intentional and unintentional radiation exposures have a powerful impact on normal tissue function and can induce both short-term and long-term injury to all cell systems. Radiation effects can last a lifetime for a patient and can produce complications for all organ systems. Primary care and emergency medicine health-care providers should understand acute and late effects of radiation treatment and exposure and how these interrelate with patient acute health care. Access to patients’ entire medical record portfolios as well as communication strategies with radiation experts needs to be available. The management of radiation’s acute and late effects in adults and pediatrics is presented.
Regulation of Divalent Metal Transporter-1 by Serine Phosphorylation

Divalent metal transporter-1 (DMT1) mediates dietary iron uptake across the intestinal mucosa and facilitates peripheral delivery of iron released by transferrin in the endosome. Here, we report that classical cannabinoids (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, Δ9-THC), nonclassical cannabinoids (CP 55,940), aminoalkylindoles (WIN 55,212-2) and endocannabinoids (anandamide) reduce 55Fe and 54Mn uptake by HEK293T(DMT1) cells stably expressing the transporter. siRNA knockdown of cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) abrogated inhibition. CB2 is a G-protein (GTP-binding protein)-coupled receptor that negatively regulates signal transduction cascades involving serine/threonine kinases. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that DMT1 is serine-phosphorylated under basal conditions, but that treatment with Δ9-THC reduced phosphorylation. Site-directed mutation of predicted DMT1 phosphosites further showed that substitution of serine with alanine at N-terminal position 43 (S43A) abolished basal phosphorylation. Concordantly, both the rate and extent of 55Fe uptake in cells expressing DMT1(S43A) was reduced compared with those expressing wild-type DMT1. Among kinase inhibitors that affected DMT1-mediated iron uptake, staurosporine also reduced DMT1 phosphorylation confirming a role for serine phosphorylation in iron transport regulation. These combined data indicate that phosphorylation at serine 43 of DMT1 promotes transport activity, whereas dephosphorylation is associated with loss of iron uptake. Since anti-inflammatory actions mediated through CB2 would be associated with reduced DMT1 phosphorylation, we postulate that this pathway provides a means to reduce oxidative stress by limiting iron uptake.
Transformationale Führung – Was will sie? Wie geht sie?

Ein Versprechen macht die Runde in den Unternehmen – das Versprechen der „transformationalen Fuhrung“. Nicht mehr Reparatur soll es sein, nicht mehr inkrementelles Klein-klein, nicht mehr Restrukturierung und Optimierung. Nein, etwas wirklich Groses, Grundlegendes: Konversion, Umwandlung, Neubeginn. Und Fuhrung ware dann auch keine Nebentatigkeit mehr (wie so oft in der Praxis beobachtet), sondern furwahr der wichtigste Stellhebel zum Unternehmenserfolg (wie so oft in der Theorie behauptet). Man spricht dann gerne uber Visionen, Commitment und starke Identifikation. Man reflektiert uber Sinn und Zweck von Unternehmen, uber die Intelligenz des Kollektiven und – ganz allgemein – uber Dynamisierung (nicht selten in Gegensetzung zu „transaktionaler Fuhrung“). Ist nun die transformationale Fuhrung tatsachlich eine Heilsbotschaft, eine Erlosung? Oder nur eine weitere eigenschaftshypothetische oder hochleistungskulturelle Wundertute?
NADPH Oxidase Mediates Antiphospholipid Antibody-Induced Endothelial Cell Activation

Introduction: Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is characterized by thrombosis and/or recurrent fetal loss in the presence of persistently elevated antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA). The majority of pathologic APLA are directed against β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI), an abundant plasma phospholipid binding protein. APLA/anti-β2GPI antibodies activate endothelial cells in a β2GPI-dependent manner, though the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. Objective : To define the role of NOX1 in the generation of ROS and activation of endothelial cells by anti-β2GPI antibodies. Methods: Endothelial cells were incubated with β2GPI and either control or affinity-purified anti-β2GPI antibodies in the absence or presence of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in treated cells and conditioned medium were measured by using fluorescent dyes (CM-H2DCFDA and CellROX Deep Red) or luminescent substrate. NOX mRNA and protein expression were assessed using quantitative PCR and immunoblot. Endothelial cell activation was measured by increased expression of E-selectin. Results: Incubation of endothelial cells with β2GPI and anti-β2GPI antibodies stimulated ROS generation in endothelial cells, as well as the release of ROS into conditioned medium. The expression of NOX1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in endothelial cells exposed to anti-β2GPI antibodies, but not control IgG ([Figure 1][1]). The ability of β2GPI and anti-β2GPI antibodies to induce endothelial cell E-selectin mRNA expression was blocked by pretreatment of cells with DPI (Figure 2), suggesting that ROS is required for downstream events underlying endothelial cell activation. Conclusions: Endothelial cells exposed to β2GPI and anti-β2GPI antibodies generate ROS, which is subsequently released into the conditioned medium. NOX1 appears to be essential for ROS generation. The impairment of endothelial cell activation by DPI suggests that NOX is also essential for endothelial cell activation by anti-β2GPI antibodies. We hypothesize that production of ROS by NOX plays a central role in APLA-induced endothelial dysfunction. Acknowledgement: This work was supported by an ASH Bridge Grant ![Figure 1][2] Figure 1 Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare. [1]: #F1 [2]: pending:yes
Josephon Array Voltage Calibration System: Operational Use and Verification

A New Josephson Array System Now Maintains The U. S. Legal Volt On A Weekly Basis. The Accuracy Of The I-volt Level Of This System Was Verified To Within 0.03 Ppm In Multiple Tests Against Two Independent Resistive Dividers. The Precision In The Verification Was -limited By Uncertainties In The Divider Instruments.
The inclusion of high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the treatment of follicular lymphoma (FL) is associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) from diagnosis

8061 Background: Recent studies have suggested that OS for patients (pts) with FL is improving compared with older reports in which median OS was typically 8 to 10 years. We analyzed outcomes for pts with FL undergoing ASCT at any time in the course of the disease to determine whether this contributes to improved OS. Unlike previously reported transplant series, we calculated OS from the date of diagnosis to determine the potential effect of ASCT on the overall course of the disease. Methods: Between 1/79 and 10/05, 188 pts with FL underwent ASCT at our center. Male/female = 103/85. Median age = 47yrs (20–73). Other pt characteristics are summarized in the table. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) was used since data for the FLIPI were only available for a minority of pts. All pts received chemotherapy-only conditioning regimens, most commonly with busulfan, cyclophosphamide and etoposide (82%). OS was calculated from the date of diagnosis, and survival comparisons were made using the logrank test. ...
Neurodevelopmental Delay Diagnosis Rates Are Increased in a Region with Aerial Pesticide Application.

A number of studies have implicated pesticides in childhood developmental delay (DD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The influence of the route of pesticide exposure on neurodevelopmental delay is not well defined. To study this factor we examined ASD/DD diagnoses rates in an area near our regional medical center that employs yearly aerial pyrethroid pesticide applications to combat mosquito-borne encephalitis. The aim of this study was to determine if areas with aerial pesticide exposure had higher rates of ASD/DD diagnoses. This regional study identified higher rates of ASD/DD diagnoses in an area with aerial pesticides application. Zip codes with aerial pyrethroid exposure were 37 % more likely to have higher rates of ASD/DD (adjusted RR=1.37, 95% CI=1.06-1.78, p=0.02). A Poisson regression model controlling for regional characteristics (poverty, pesticide use, population density, and distance to medical center), subject characteristics (race and sex), and local birth characteristics (prematurity, low birth-weight, and birth rates), identified a significant relationship between aerial pesticide use and ASD/DD rates. The relationship between pesticide application and human neurodevelopment deserves additional study to develop safe and effective methods of mosquito prevention, particularly as communities develop plans for Zika virus control.
ICD-10 Versus DSM-5 on Cultural Issues:

Mental health practitioners in the United States often use two classification systems for mental disorders, namely, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the Diagnostic and Statist...
HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Program Implementation Using Intervention Mapping.

Introduction HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis has been proven to be an effective tool in HIV prevention. However, numerous barriers still exist in pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation. Methods The framework of Intervention Mapping was used from August 2016 to October 2017 to describe the process of adoption, implementation, and maintenance of an HIV prevention program from 2012 through 2017 in Houston, Texas, that is nested within a county health system HIV clinic. Using the tasks outlined in the Intervention Mapping framework, potential program implementers were identified, outcomes and performance objectives established, matrices of change objectives created, and methods and practical applications formed. Results Results include the formation of three matrices that document program outcomes, change agents involved in the process, and the determinants needed to facilitate program adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Key features that facilitated successful program adoption and implementation were obtaining leadership buy-in, leveraging existing resources, systematic evaluation of operations, ongoing education for both clinical and nonclinical staff, and attention to emergent issues during launch. Conclusions The utilization of Intervention Mapping to delineate the program planning steps can provide a model for pre-exposure prophylaxis implementation in other settings.
Comparative entrepreneurship factors between North Mediterranean and North African Countries: A regression tree analysis

Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine differences in entrepreneurship attitudes between Northern African countries and Northern Mediterranean (Southern European) countries using CHAID regression trees. While entrepreneurship is a multifaceted phenomenon with different meanings, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) measures and reports entrepreneurship as a new business activity with survey data for ages of 18–64 for many countries in the world. This paper studies business startups and total entrepreneurial activity between North and South Mediterranean countries. Asymmetries are found in the predictor importance of skills, knowing an entrepreneur, perceived opportunities and fear of failure. We also find gender does make a difference in entrepreneurial activities, especially for females in North Africa, where not knowing someone who started a business and not having the skill set are crucial setbacks.
TCF-1 takes HEB up a Notch.

Transcription factors orchestrate stage-specific gene expression during development. Two such factors, TCF-1 and HEB, collaborate at the protein and genomic levels to regulate gene expression in developing thymocytes.
Adding Crystals To Minimize Clogging in Continuous Flow Synthesis

For many carbon–carbon and carbon–nitrogen bond-forming reactions, the stoichiometric formation of inorganic salt crystals limits continuous flow synthesis by causing precipitation, agglomeration, ...
Pathways to Parenting: Predictors of Prenatal Bonding in a Sample of Expectant Mothers and Fathers Exposed to Contextual Risk

The parent-infant relationship begins during pregnancy and is foundational to the caregiving system that will guide early parenting behaviors. The current study extends prior work focused on the postnatal parenting relationship by examining parental risk and resilience factors on the prenatal parental-fetal bond in a sample of expectant mothers and fathers who reported high levels of exposure to contextual adversity, including poverty and violence. Data were collected from 51 expectant mothers and the biological fathers as part of a longitudinal study examining the influence of bio-psycho-social factors on early parenting processes beginning in pregnancy. Associations between psychological distress, parental histories of maltreatment exposure, social support, and fathers’ views of the importance of fathering during infancy to the health and wellbeing of the infant, on parental-fetal bonding were examined using multiple linear regression. For mothers, psychological distress was significantly associated with maternal-fetal bonding. For fathers, history of child maltreatment and views of fathering were significantly associated with bonding. Findings suggest that interventions to enhance parent-fetal bonding should target separate factors for mothers and fathers.
Abstract WP126: A Predictive Model for Intracranial Aneurysm Growth Trajectory

Introduction: The rate of growth of a particular intracranial aneurysm (IA) is relevant for assessing the risk posed by the IA, and determining an appropriate management strategy. However, the rate...
Mobile phase effects in reversed-phase chromatography

Abstract Enthalpy-entropy compensation observed in reversed-phase chromatography affords an expression of the free energy change associated with the chromatographic process asd a function of both the eluent composition and temperature. It takes a simple form and reveals the existence of a non-compensating enthalpy residue in the absence of heat capacity effects when the free energy change is linear in slvent composition. Statistical analysis confirmed that the resulting three-parameter equation suffices to transform retention data for a solute obtained at a given temperature and solvent composition to another set of experimental conditions. With arylalkanes investigated so far, the parameters exhibit a linear relationship with the carbon number of the solutes. These findings suggest the possibility of constructing a hydrophobic indix system for characterization of biological substances on the basis of retention data.
Company Type 1: Sustainers

This is the first chapter about company level types. More precisely, these types are adopted by entrepreneurs who launch and run firms. While an entrepreneur may adopt different types (subtypes) for different enterprises, he or she is more likely to adopt a consistent type across multiple enterprises.
Deploying to Protect: The Effect of Military Peacekeeping Deployments on Violence Against Civilians

Do UN peacekeeping forces protect civilians from harm in post-war environments? Current evidence suggests that the answer to this question is yes. But extant research mostly examines this relations...
UNIT 21.1 Proper Alignment and Adjustment of the Light Microscope

The light microscope is a basic tool for the cell biologist, who should have a thorough understanding of how it works, how it should be aligned for different applications (e.g., brightfield, phase-contrast, differential interference contrast, and fluorescence epi-illumination), and how it should be maintained as required to obtain maximum image-forming capacity and resolution. The principles of microscopy and step-by-step alignment and adjustment procedures are described in this unit.
Machine Learning With Neuroimaging: Evaluating Its Applications in Psychiatry.

Abstract Psychiatric disorders are complex, involving heterogeneous symptomatology and neurobiology that rarely involves the disruption of single, isolated brain structures. In an attempt to better describe and understand the complexities of psychiatric disorders, investigators have increasingly applied multivariate pattern classification approaches to neuroimaging data and in particular supervised machine learning methods. However, supervised machine learning approaches also come with unique challenges and trade-offs, requiring additional study design and interpretation considerations. The goal of this review is to provide a set of best practices for evaluating machine learning applications to psychiatric disorders. We discuss how to evaluate two common efforts: 1) making predictions that have the potential to aid in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment and 2) interrogating the complex neurophysiological mechanisms underlying psychopathology. We focus here on machine learning as applied to functional connectivity with magnetic resonance imaging, as an example to ground discussion. We argue that for machine learning classification to have translational utility for individual-level predictions, investigators must ensure that the classification is clinically informative, independent of confounding variables, and appropriately assessed for both performance and generalizability. We contend that shedding light on the complex mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders will require consideration of the unique utility, interpretability, and reliability of the neuroimaging features (e.g., regions, networks, connections) identified from machine learning approaches. Finally, we discuss how the rise of large, multisite, publicly available datasets may contribute to the utility of machine learning approaches in psychiatry.
Polymer-enhanced biomacromolecules

Abstract Protein-polymer conjugates are complex molecules with major societal implications. Many advances in the fields of medicine, biotechnology and nanotechnology have been associated with the development of these bioconjugates. Synthetic polymers are usually attached to proteins in order to change or enhance their native properties. Polymer-enhanced biomacromolecular activity, specificity and stability are of particular interest. The most visible impact of coupling polymers to proteins has been on therapeutic proteins. There is a rich history and literature which describes how such polymers increase protein lifetimes in vivo and mask the protein from circulating antibodies and immune cells. Although the attachment of polymers to therapeutic proteins has these benefits, it often comes at an unpredictable cost of reduced functionality. Several studies have shown modification decreases the bioactivity of therapeutic proteins. In this review, we explore different synthetic approaches to protein-polymer conjugation and whether more rational and controlled attachment chemistries can reveal how to create molecular sieves around a protein without sacrificing activity. Research has begun to reveal the influence of polymer molar mass, number of attached polymers, synthetic approach, and polymer architecture on molecular sieving properties. Although rational approaches to polymer-based protein engineering are relatively new additions to the arsenal of approaches to the design of protein-displayed molecular sieves, general trends are emerging that will help guide future research in the field.
Do photos of police-civilian interactions influence public opinion about the police? A multimethod test of media effects

To test whether exposure to news images depicting law enforcement affects public attitudes toward the police. Participants drawn from a national online panel were randomly assigned to view one of three pictures that depicted a range of hostile to friendly police-civilian interactions (compared to a control group who saw no pictures). Dependent variables were perceptions of police officers’ effectiveness, misconduct, and bias. Moderating variables were respondents’ experiential, ideological, or demographic characteristics. As a follow-up to the results of the experiment, regression analyses were employed to explore other factors that may influence perceptions of police or interact with the media effects. Image exposure did not directly affect any dimension of attitudes toward the police, but there was one significant moderation effect. Respondents who had been recently stopped by an officer and saw a picture of a friendly interaction between officers and a civilian perceived more frequent police misconduct than respondents in the same experimental condition who were not recently stopped. Routine media consumption was significantly related to perceptions of police in the non-experimental analysis. Findings indicate that brief exposure to static images of law enforcement disseminated by the media does not independently affect people’s opinions about the performance of police in society. Rather, people’s global opinions about the police are shaped by their own beliefs, prior experiences with officers, and cumulative, self-selected media consumption.
Pre-treatment CT imaging in stage IIIA lung cancer: Can we predict local recurrence after definitive chemoradiotherapy?

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to delineate computed tomography (CT) features of stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancers on pre-treatment staging studies and identify features that could predict local recurrence after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Materials and methods We retrospectively reviewed pre- and post-treatment CT scans for 91 patients with Stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer undergoing definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Pre-treatment CT qualitative features were evaluated by consensus. The primary endpoint was local recurrence as determined on post-treatment CT scans along with the radiotherapy fields. Local recurrence was defined as intrathoracic in-field and marginal as opposed to out-of-field failures. Competing risk regressions were used to examine associations between CT features and recurrence. Results The median follow-up was 51.5 months (range 2.4–111.2). Median overall survival was 25.6 months (95% CI: 20.4–30). At last follow-up, 72 (79.1%) patients had died, 48 (52.7%) had in-field recurrence, and 30 (32.9%) presented with out-of-field recurrence. On pre-treatment CT scans, tumors presenting as pulmonary consolidations (hazard ratio = 2.34, 95% CI: 1.05–5.22; p 0.038) were more likely to have in-field failure. Tumors with 50–100% necrosis (hazard ratio = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02–1.06) were associated with decreased out-of-field failure (overall p = 0.038). However, these were rare features in our sample which limit the ability of these features to be associated with such outcomes. Conclusions Pre-treatment CT features alone are limited in predicting locoregional recurrence. Larger studies using quantitative tools are needed to predict such outcomes.
Obtaining asphalt binder rheological properties from BBR strength test—the effect of loading rate

Selecting asphalt binders that have good cracking resistance at low temperatures is the first step in designing asphalt mixtures for durable asphalt pavements in cold regions. To evaluate low-temperature cracking resistance of binders, rheological properties (creep stiffness and m-value), and fracture properties (failure stress and strain) are required. Recently, a new strength test was developed to measure the fracture properties of binders using a modified BBR (Bending Beam Rheometer), called BBR-Pro. In this paper, we investigate the idea of using the BBR strength test to also obtain rheological properties. We performed strength tests at different loading rates and verified the assumption of linear viscoelasticity (LVE) condition of binders at these loading rates. We used analytical and numerical methods to obtain creep compliance from strength test experimental data and compared the results to experimental creep compliance data. We have found that both methods predict creep compliance and creep stiffness values similar to the experimental results, whereas the numerical method is more accurate than the analytical method for obtaining the $m$ -value. We also found that the BBR strength test performed using the original loading rate is too short to accurately predict rheological properties for 240 s. We show that by reducing the loading rate we achieve good estimation of creep compliance.
Ion Exchange of Selected Group II Metals and Lead by Crystalline Silicotitanate and Competition for Cs Exchange Sites

A series of batch contact tests were conducted to evaluate the exchange behavior of Ba, Ca, Pb, and Sr onto crystalline silicotitanate (CST) in support of an expedited Cs removal and pretreatment s...
Prevalence and clinical significance of esophageal motility disorders in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms.

Background and aim Esophageal motor dysfunction may underlie impaired bolus/refluxate clearance in laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). However, the prevalence of esophageal dysmotility and its correlation with reflux parameters and symptoms in LPR is not well established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of coexisting esophageal dysmotility among patients with suspected LPR. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 194 consecutive patients with LPR symptoms referred for high-resolution manometry (HRM) and combined hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH testing at a tertiary center in March 2018 to August 2019. Validated symptom surveys were prospectively collected at time of testing, including Reflux Symptom Index, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire, dominant symptom intensity, and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey. HRM findings were categorized using Chicago Classification v3.0. Results Abnormal findings on HRM were identified in 84 (43.3%) patients, with ineffective esophageal motility (n = 60, 30.9%) as the most common diagnosis. A disorder of esophagogastric junction outflow or a major disorder of peristalsis was identified in 26 (13.4%) patients, including 2 (1%) with achalasia and 7 (3.6%) with jackhammer esophagus. Reflux burden (distal, proximal, or pharyngeal) on combined hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH testing did not differ across HRM findings. Patients reporting esophageal symptoms were more likely to have a primary motility disorder (odds ratio 2.34, P = 0.04). However, no significant differences in Reflux Symptom Index, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire, or 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey were noted across HRM diagnoses. Conclusion Esophageal motility disorders are prevalent among patients with LPR symptoms, including up to one in seven with esophagogastric junction outflow or major peristaltic disorder. Patients with abnormal motility more likely report esophageal symptoms. Clinicians should be aware of these coexisting conditions, particularly in those with refractory symptoms.
Honesty-humility, beliefs, and prosocial behaviour: A test on stockpiling during the covid-19 pandemic

Increasing evidence links personality to prosocial behaviour. HEXACO Honesty-Humility, in particular, has been linked to prosocial behaviour when it comes with a personal cost. Yet, evidence for such a link is mostly limited to the laboratory, although social dilemmas abound in daily life. Emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic pose salient conflicts of interests between individual and societal welfare. One example is the run on many basic goods in anticipation of lockdowns. Such social dilemmas afford the expression of personality traits associated with individual differences in prosocial behaviour. Indeed, across two studies (N = 601), Honesty-Humility was positively, albeit weakly associated with refraining from stockpiling in the past and intentions to do so in the future. Causal mediation analysis shows that this was not due to differences in beliefs that others would refrain from stockpiling. Instead, results suggest that faced with a social dilemma, individuals high in Honesty-Humility may have been willing to forego individual benefit. This provides rare evidence on the relationship between Honesty-Humility and prosocial behaviour in a field setting. © This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY-4.0). View this license's legal deed at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 and legal code at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode for more information.
A parallelizable mesh-free approach for simulation of heat conduction in ferromagnetic particulate materials under magnetic field effect

Abstract A novel mesh-free approach has been developed to solve the conduction heat transfer equations in a particulate bed domain of ferromagnetic powder with and without magnetic field effect. The proposed method is based on a probabilistic approach to defining various configurations of energy transfer paths around an arbitrary particle called “local packed element”, and results are compared with experimental data. Furthermore, a Monte-Carlo approach is used to calculate the magnetic field of a permanent magnet with an arbitrary shape on any arbitrary point around it, and the outcome is also compared against measurements. In both cases, the proposed mesh-free method shows excellent agreement with available empirical results. The proposed method is then used to model the effect of an external magnetic field in the conductive heat transfer in a particulate bed of ferromagnetic powder. It is concluded that the presence of a magnetic field increases thermal diffusion in ferromagnetic powder bed domains by increasing thermal conductivity.
A Case Study of Image Classification Based on Deep Learning Using Tensorflow

This examination learns about image classification by utilizing the deep neural network (DNN) or otherwise called Deep Learning by utilizing system Tensor Flow. Python is utilized as a programming language since it meets up with the Tensor Flow system. The information chiefly centres in blossoms class, which there are five (5) sorts of blossoms that have been utilized in this paper. Deep neural network (DNN) has been picking as the ideal alternative for the preparation cycle since it delivered a high level of exactness. Results are talked about as far as the exactness of the image classification in rate. Roses get 90.585%, and same goes to another sort of blossoms where the normal of the outcome is up to 90% or more.
The Importance of Being Earnest [In Security Warnings]

In response to the threat of phishing, web browsers display warnings when users arrive at suspected phishing websites. Previous research has offered guidance to improve these warnings. We performed a laboratory study to investigate how the choice of background color in the warning and the text describing the recommended course of action impact a user’s decision to comply with the warning. We did not reveal to participants that the subject of the study was the warning, and then we observed as they responded to a simulated phishing attack. We found that both the text and background color had a significant effect on the amount of time participants spent viewing a warning, however, we observed no significant differences with regard to their decisions to ultimately obey that warning. Despite this null result, our exit survey data suggest that misunderstandings about the threat model led participants to believe that the warnings did not apply to them. Acting out of bounded rationality, participants made conscientious decisions to ignore the warnings. We conclude that when warnings do not correctly align users’ risk perceptions, users may unwittingly take avoidable risks.
Introduction to ReST: easy document creation for computer science students: tutorial presentation

This tutorial will cover docutils, an open-source (Python) package originally intended for documentation. We will emphasize its implementation language, Restructured Text, or ReST. ReST converts the same simple, readable ASCII-based format into polished documentation in hard copy (PDF pages), presentation (PDF slides), web pages (HTML), and XML (both compliant and readable).
Accentuate the Normative: A Response to Professor McKenna

This response to Mark McKenna's "A Consumer Decision-Making Theory of Trademark Law" argues that McKenna's project presents a compelling normative account of trademark law that unfortunately suffers from some blurring of "is" and "ought." I attempt to tease apart the descriptive and normative aspects of McKenna's argument. While I disagree with him as to whether search-costs theory is responsible for recent expansions of trademark rights, I think he is correct that search-costs theory is an inadequate normative framework for trademark law. While McKenna's consumer decision-making theory is a good start, I argue that it must confront some fundamental normative questions -- such as the relative importance of welfare maximization and the nature of consumer autonomy -- in order to fulfill its potential as an alternative prescriptive theory of trademark law.
Methods of obtaining weather data in real time

Small craft owners who have access to a personal computer now have several methods of obtaining real-time meteorological data before venturing out to sea. These data include high quality NDBC (National Data Buoy Center) buoy and coastal marine observations, cooperative ship observations, coastal marine forecasts, wind forecasts for coastal marine locations, and graphical weather maps. These observations and forecasts are typically not available on a timely and continuous basis by radio or television. They are available by dialing into a variety of online meteorological databases or receiving the data directly from a commercial satellite. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are discussed. >
PREDICTION OF LARGE NORTH–SOUTH IMF COMPONENT EVENTS OCCURRING IN DRIVER GAS

An approach for identifying a driver gas-associated Bz event and its solar source is introduced. Seven newly identified events are used to further test the model developed by Hoeksema and Zhao (1991) for prediction of the magnetic orientation of some driver gas-associated Bz events from photospheric field observations. Comparison of the model predictions with observations confirms that the model may be appropriate only for driver gas-associated Bz events which have magnetic structures lacking large internal field rotation and are associated with active region-CMEs.
ICA 512, a Receptor Tyrosine Phosphatase-Like Protein, Is Concentrated in Neurosecretory Granule Membranes

Publisher Summary Islet cell autoantigen (ICA) 512 is a specific membrane marker of neurosecretory granules. It is the first member of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) family found to be resident in an intracellular compartment. Interestingly, ICA 512 contains only one protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) “core domain”, rather than two, as usually found in receptor PTPs (RPTPs). Moreover, ICA 512 expressed in bacteria do not display PTP activity when tested with several common PTP substrates. Thus, the function of ICA 512 is still unknown. By Northern blot, ICA 512 transcripts have been detected in pancreatic islets, brain, and pituitary, suggesting an enrichment of ICA 512 in neuroendocrine tissues. To begin addressing the structure and function of ICA 512, its tissue distribution and intracellular localization using rabbit antibodies directed against either its recombinant extracellular domain or recombinant cytoplasmic domain. Confocal microscopy on rat tissues demonstrated that ICA 512 is expressed in virtually all neuroendocrine cells, including neurons of the autonomic nervous system; chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla; α-, β-, and δ-pancreatic islet cells; cells in the anterior and intermediate pituitary, as well as neurons of the autonomic nervous system and of the hypothalamus and the amygdala in the brain. The strongest ICA 512 immunoreactivity has been found in the posterior pituitary, which contains the nerve endings of neurons located in the hypothalamus and the highest concentration of neurosecretory granules in the entire body. Thus ICA 512 and, thus, tyrosine phosphorylation–dephosphorylation plays a role in the life-cycle of neurosecretory granules.
Heterogeneous recurrence T 2 charts for monitoring and control of nonlinear dynamic processes

Many real-world systems are evolving over time and exhibit dynamical behaviors. Real-time sensing brings the proliferation of big data (i.e., dynamic, nonlinear, nonstationary, high dimensional) that contains rich information on nonlinear dynamic processes. Nonetheless, limited work on studying nonlinear dynamics underlying sensing data for quality control has been reported. This paper presents a new approach of heterogeneous recurrence T2 control chart for online monitoring and anomaly detection in nonlinear dynamic processes. A partition scheme, named Q-tree indexing, is firstly introduced to delineate local recurrence regions in the multidimensional continuous state space. Further, we designed a new fractal representation of state transitions, among recurrence regions, and then develop new measures to quantify heterogeneous recurrence patterns. Finally, we developed a multivariate Hotelling T2 Chart for on-line monitoring and predictive control of process recurrences. Case studies show that the proposed approach not only captures heterogeneous recurrence patterns in the transformed space, but also provides an effective online control charts to monitor and detect dynamical transitions in the underlying nonlinear process.
Repulsive interaction in the macroscopically ordered exciton state in GaAs ∕ Al x Ga 1 − x As coupled quantum well structures

The macroscopically ordered exciton state (MOES) - a periodic array of beads with spatial order on a macroscopic length - appears in the external exciton rings at low temperatures below a few Kelvin. Here, we report on the experimental study of the interaction in the MOES. The exciton PL energy varies in concert with the intensity along the circumference of the ring, with the largest energy found in the brightest regions. This shows that the MOES is characterized by the repulsive interaction and is not driven by the attractive interaction.
Dermal wounds alter tumor immunobiology in mice

Tumor growth, angiogenesis, and invasion are modulated by tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells. The production of these cells by the bone marrow is an energetically-costly process, and therefore, finite and tightly regulated. Both prophylactic (e.g., biopsy) and direct cancer treatment (e.g., tumor surgery) require often elaborate skin wound healing, another myeloid cell-recruiting process. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that dermal wound healing depletes tumors of some myeloid cell populations, thereby affecting tumor immunobiology, and ultimately, increases tumor growth. Oral cancer cells (106) or PBS were injected (s.c.) into the flank of adult female immunocompetent C3H mice. Sixteen days post-tumor induction, two 3.5 mm excisional wounds were placed through the dorsal skin; other mice remained unwounded. Blood, wounds, bone marrow, spleen, tumor, and tumor-draining lymph nodes were collected 1 or 5 days later. In mice that were wounded, tumor mass modestly increased five days after wounding. The numbers of circulating leukocytes were not significantly affected by wounding; however, tumors increased the percentages of neutrophils and monocytes and decreased lymphocytes. Tumor gene expression of various inflammatory markers (CCL2, CXC10, IL-6, Tnfalpha, MIP-1) was modulated by whether or not a wound was also present. Flow cytometry will determine immune cell trafficking throughout the body. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of how standard clinical treatments affect tumor immunobiology, and therefore, tumor growth and metastases.
Bis(ethoxythiocarbonyl)sulfide

[2905-52-4] C6H10O2S3 (MW 210.34) InChI = 1S/C6H10O2S3/c1-3-7-5(9)11-6(10)8-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3 InChIKey = ALGQDBJUFSYDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (thioacylating agent) Alternative Names: ethyl xanthic anhydride; O,O-diethyl trithiodicarbonate. Physical Data: mp 55 °C;1 52–53 °C.2 Solubility: soluble in iso-octane, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran. Form Supplied in: yellow solid, commercially available. Preparative Methods: from reactions of potassium ethyl xanthate with chloroformates1, 2 or phosgene,3 or reaction of ethyl chlorothioformate with Na2S.4 Other preparative methods have also been reported.5-7 Purification: recrystallization from hot (60 °C) ethanol/water (3∶1).2 Handling, Storage, and Precautions: completely stable on storage under ambient conditions over a period of years.2 It is long-lived under acidic conditions, but decomposes in base with a half-life of 4.5 h at pH 10.2, 5 Its preparation and routine reactions should be performed in a well-ventilated fume hood.
High-accuracy Trotter-formula method for path integrals.

Path integrals are a powerful method for calculating real time, finite temperature, and ground state properties of quantum systems. By exploiting some remarkable properties of the symmetric Trotter formula and the discrete Fourier transform, we arrive at a high-accuracy method for removing ``time slice'' errors in Trotter-approximated propagators. We provide an explicit demonstration of the method applied to the two-body density matrix of $^{4}\mathrm{He}$. Our method is simultaneously fast, high precision, and computationally simple and can be applied to a wide variety of quantum propagators.
The effect of stress relaxation on the vibration of a viscoelastic string

Abstract Some of the qualitative aspects of the free and forced lateral vibration of a relaxing string are investigated. First-order approximations for the amplitude and phase angle are obtained by using asymptotic methods. It is shown that the relaxing tension gives rise to what can be considered to be a time-dependent “natural frequency” and an equivalent negative damping, and can lead to a transition through “resonance” Some experimental evidence of such transitions through resonance is presented. The results obtained indicate that in most practical cases the amplitude of the forced response can be obtained with sufficient accuracy by merely substituting the variable tension into the expression for the amplitude of a string with constant tension.
Breakdown voltage correlations in a large DC discharge tube for multiple gases

In 1889, Friedrich Paschen published a law that describes the voltage at which a gas breaks down into plasma. It describes the dependence of the breakdown voltage on the gas pressure, distance between the electrodes, the secondary electron emission coefficient, and some proportionality constants [1]. A study by V. A. Lisovskiy et al [2] concluded that the original Paschen's law and the modification presented by Townsend in 1915 [3] were incorrect in assuming that breakdown voltage is dependent only on the product of the pressure times the inter-electrode distance (pd), and the coefficient of secondary electron emission (γs e ) from the surface of the cathode. The electron diffusion and mobility were considered in this modified breakdown condition [2]. Another researcher has related the famous proportionality constants A and B of the voltage breakdown equation to the electron-ion collision cross sections for the working gas [4].
Working memory contributions to human learning and remembering.

The present minireview suggests that prefrontal activation during episodic learning and remembering may be best understood as the contributions of specific working memory operations to episodic memory. Material-specific working memory functions appear to be mediated by inferior prefrontal regions, with these functions contributing to both episodic encoding and retrieval. In contrast, material-independent working memory functions appear to be mediated by dorsolateral and anterior prefrontal regions, with these functions contributing primarily to episodic retrieval. Although initial hypotheses about the specific functions of these distinct prefrontal regions have been posited, additional studies are clearly necessary to more fully characterize the nature of these working memory mechanisms and their contributions to episodic learning and remembering.*E-mail: anthony@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu.
Can ICUs be used more efficiently

Intensive care units (ICUs) account for a large portion of hospital costs. A review of recent literature and a study of one ICU suggest that these costs could be reduced by more careful patient assignments to units suited to meet their needs. Fifty patients cared for in an ICU 24 hours or less before the implementation of the diagnosis related group (DRG)-based prospective reimbursement were compared with 50 post-DRG patients. Although the average age of patients dropped slightly after the DRG system's implementation, few patients in either time period required the medical interventions and specialized equipment of an ICU.
Positive Long-Acting Thyroid Stimulator Response in the Complement-Deficient Mouse

The possibility that a complete complement system might be necessary for response to long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS) in mice has been tested. DBA/2 mice which have a total absence of the fifth component of complement (C′5) were injected with decomplemented plasma known to contain LATS. The presence of a complete complement system was not necessary for LATS activity and the response was not increased by passive transfer of a complete complement source. (Endocrinology 81: 671, 1967)
An Experimental Investigation of the Stability of a Thin Liquid Layer Adjacent to a Supersonic Stream

The experiments to study the interface response of a liquid film with a concurrent supersonic airflow were conducted at freestream Mach numbers of 4.95 and 7.3 with stagnation pressures of 3.4, 6.8, and 17.0 atm. A sphere-cone and a blunt wedge were used as test configurations. The liquid layer Reynolds number jR, based on interface velocity and liquid depth, ranged from approximately 0.3 to 300.0 as the thickness ranged independently from 0.01 to 0.05 cm. The nondimensional wave speed was found to decrease monotonically with increasing R from a value greater than the interface velocity ("fast" waves) to a value lower than the interface velocity ("slow" waves). The transition from fast waves to slow waves appeared to occur at a Reynolds number near 100. The dependence of wavelength and wave speed on Reynolds number, shear stress, Mach number, and depth are given. In the small Reynolds number range, the results are compared with a long wave analysis to show the destabilizing effects of Reynolds number and shear stress. In the high Reynolds number range, the results are compared with an analysis based on a Tollmien-Schlichting instability mechanism.
Twi-dudes and Twi-guys How Twilight’s Male Fans Interpret and Engage with a Feminized Text

The Twilight franchise, based upon the popular Young Adult vampire romantic series, is, unquestionably, female-driven. However, the series’ romantic themes and enthusiastic female fans, as well as ...