cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Triplet 4 d states of H 2 : Experimental observation and comparison with an ab initio model for Rydberg-state energies

The triplet $4d$ states of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ have been studied by using a tunable single-mode dye laser to excite metastable molecules in the $2p^{3}\ensuremath{\Pi}_{u}$ state to the $4s$ and $4d$ triplet states. Ninety-three transitions were detected and their line positions measured. Some of these states decay primarily by predissociation. A simple model for the energies of the Rydberg states was developed; the model depends upon the polarizability and quadrupole interactions of the Rydberg electron with the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}^{+}$ core. It provides a remarkably good description of the measured energy intervals.
DISCUSS ON BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WULIANGSUHAI LAKE EUTROPHICATION

Eutrophication is a main problem of lakes in China,it is not only restricted utilization of lake resource,but also directly affected the sustainable development of human 's survival and economic.This paper expounds the eutrophication in Lake Wuliangsuhai,propose the specific measures which the nutrient salt in water from the water is out of water by using the method of transformation of submerged macrophytes.
Exploring Essential Tremor: Results from a Large Online Survey (S27.006)

Objective: To better understand diagnostic and treatment patterns as well as clinical features of patients with essential tremor (ET) through a large online survey. Background: Though ET is one of the most common movement disorders, many patients struggle with misdiagnoses and inadequate treatment. In order to improve the care of ET patients, it is critical to better understand ongoing diagnostic and treatment patterns. Methods: A 16-question survey focusing on diagnosis, symptoms and treatment of ET was emailed to the membership of the International Essential Tremor Foundation through Survey Monkey. Results: The survey had 2857 respondents within two weeks. The sample was 62[percnt] female, 64[percnt] had a family history of tremor, 54[percnt] had alcohol-responsive tremor and 64[percnt] are embarrassed by their tremor. Age of onset was equally distributed throughout the lifespan. Fifty-one percent saw multiple physicians before a diagnosis was made, with a neurologist making the diagnosis in 65[percnt] and a PCP in 25[percnt]. For ongoing management, 26[percnt] see a PCP, 23[percnt] a general neurologist, 19[percnt] a movement disorder specialist and 28[percnt] do not see a physician for their tremor. Tremor was reported in the hands/arms in 95[percnt], head in 41[percnt], voice in 29[percnt], and legs/feet in 17[percnt]. The most commonly affected daily activities included writing, eating, drinking and holding/carrying. Current treatments included beta-blockers (42[percnt]), primidone (20[percnt]), benzodiazepines (13[percnt]), gabapentin (6[percnt]), topiramate (5[percnt]) and DBS (3[percnt]). However, 33[percnt] reported no benefit from beta-blockers and 35[percnt] discontinued due to side effects. Similarly, 17[percnt] had no benefit from primidone and 23[percnt] discontinued due to side effects. In addition, 33[percnt] had received no treatment for their tremor. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for increased awareness of ET to improve the diagnostic process, to understand the treatment options for ET and to develop more effective treatments with fewer side effects. Supported by: Melching Tremor Fund. Disclosure: Dr. Dowell has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pahwa has received research support from the University of Kansas Medical Center from Abbvie, Acorda, Adamas, Avid, Biotie, Boston Scientific, Kyowa, National Parkinson Foundation, and NIH/NINDS. Dr. Lyons has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for the International Journal of Neuroscience.
k -norm misclassification rate estimation for decision trees

The decision tree classifier is a well-known methodology for classification. It is widely accepted that a fully grown tree is usually over-fit to the training data and thus should be pruned back. In this paper, we analyze the overtraining issue theoretically using an the k-norm risk estimation approach with Lidstone's Estimate. Our analysis allows the deeper understanding of decision tree classifiers, especially on how to estimate their misclassification rates using our equations. We propose a simple pruning algorithm based on our analysis and prove its superior properties, including its independence from validation and its efficiency.
Association Between Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Risk of Dementia.

Importance A growing body of evidence supports a link between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and cognitive dysfunction, including Alzheimer disease. However, it is currently unknown whether ADT may contribute to the risk of dementia more broadly. Objective To use an informatics approach to examine the association of ADT as a treatment for prostate cancer with the subsequent development of dementia (eg, senile dementia, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and Alzheimer dementia). Design, Setting, and Participants In this cohort study, a text-processing method was used to analyze electronic medical record data from an academic medical center from 1994 to 2013, with a median follow-up of 3.4 years (interquartile range, 1.0-7.2 years). We identified 9455 individuals with prostate cancer who were 18 years or older at diagnosis with data recorded in the electronic health record and follow-up after diagnosis. We excluded 183 patients with a previous diagnosis of dementia. Our final cohort comprised 9272 individuals with prostate cancer, including 1826 men (19.7%) who received ADT. Main Outcomes and Measures We tested the effect of ADT on the risk of dementia using propensity score–matched Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results Among 9272 men with prostate cancer (mean [SD] age, 66.9 [10.9] years; 5450 [58.8%] white), there was a statistically significant association between use of ADT and risk of dementia (hazard ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.58-2.99; P P P P Conclusions and Relevance Androgen deprivation therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer may be associated with an increased risk of dementia. This finding should be further evaluated in prospective studies.
Experience with the first three years of an accelerated dual-degree program in biomedical engineering

Our Department of Bioengineering has instituted a pilot program aimed at helping a select group of highly qualified students obtain both bachelor's and master's degrees in an accelerated timeframe - approximately four years from the beginning of their university studies. A key element of this program is the introduction of the students to research in their second year of studies via a directed and closely supervised cohort mechanism. These students also come to the university with substantial AP credit and spend two summers fulfilling some general education requirements of the university. Our first three years with the program have shown positive results, with most students on track in both academics and research. There have been some challenges, however, with regard to tight scheduling, leaves for religious missions, and continued student stipend funding.
Trends in Open and Endoscopic Cubital Tunnel Release in the Medicare Patient Population.

Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome (CUT) is the second most common peripheral neuropathy with an annual incidence of 24.7 per 100 000, affecting nearly twice as many men as women. With increasing ...
The geographic distribution of small dams in Oregon using ecoregion and landform classification

AbstractSmall dams fragment river landscapes, disrupting channel connectivity and impacting water quality and quantity. Although they impound volumetrically less total water than large dams, the ubiquity of small dams suggests their cumulative impacts could be significant. Documenting the distribution and characteristics of small dams is necessary to understanding and mitigating their impacts. In this study, we compare datasets of small dams in Oregon, compile a new comprehensive dataset, and document geographic variations in small dam distributions between different ecoregions. We used Oregon Water Resources Department dam and Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife fish passage barrier datasets to compare dam heights and contributing drainage areas between different ecoregions. Over 61% of Oregon’s land area is above one or more small dam. We highlight the location of Oregon’s small dams at valley margins, transition zones between flat plains and mountains, and areas of high population density. Given the...
Proteins: Extraction, Quantitation, and Electrophoresis

In this laboratory exercise, sarcoplasmic muscle proteins of fish are extracted with a salt solution, the protein content of the extract is measured by the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) colorimetric assay, and the proteins in the fish extracts are separated and visualized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Visualization of the protein banding patterns (subunit size and relative quantity) makes it possible to distinguish among different types of fish since many fish have a characteristic protein subunit pattern.
Hierarchical temporal and spatial memory for gait pattern recognition

This research extends the Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) algorithm and applies it to gait recognition. The gait sequence first is decomposed into temporal sub-sequences of spatial sub-regions. The sub-sequence are defined as the period of one step and half step, and the sub-regions are defined as the areas that correspond to body parts. Each sub-area will learn the temporal variation of the body part by constructing Markov Chains. Finally, the classification result is the concatenation of the beliefs of all sub-areas. Unlike other methods, which use gait-specific features, our method uses only image patches of sub-areas. Our extension of previous versions of HTM provides hierarchical temporal inference to cumulate the belief. This generalized new approach is evaluated on a dataset of 151 subjects and two walking conditions. It compares favorably to other current methods used with those data, without requiring problem-specific inputs.
Synthetic Credit Ratings and the Inefficiency of Agency Ratings

This study develops and evaluates a model that generates synthetic credit ratings using accounting and market based information. The model performs very well in explaining agency ratings, suggesting that fitted values for unrated companies are likely to be reasonably precise. In addition, the synthetic credit ratings help explain cross sectional differences in CDS spreads, even after controlling for contemporaneous agency ratings. The incremental information provided by agency ratings relative to the synthetic ratings has declined substantially in recent years, possibly due to new SEC regulation that limits rating agencies’ ability to obtain confidential information from rated companies. Consistent with the finding that agency ratings do not fully impound the information in the synthetic credit ratings, differences between the synthetic and agency ratings predict changes in agency ratings in subsequent months, especially for small companies. This relationship is very significant, both statistically and economically, and while it monotonically declines over the forecasting horizon, the difference between the synthetic and agency ratings predicts changes in agency ratings as far as 24 months later. There is no evidence of substantial improvement over the last thirty years in the timeliness of agency ratings with respect to the information in synthetic ratings. Investors, in contrast, appear to process the synthetic rating information in a timely fashion, as the difference between the synthetic and agency ratings does not predict changes in CDS spreads or in stock prices.
Parental Consent and Access to Oral Health Care for Adolescents

While most states allow minors 12 years and older to consent to services for contraception, prenatal care, or sexually transmitted infections, the same adolescents are required to have parental consent for even preventive oral health care. Many adolescents are denied access to preventive oral health care because of the challenge of securing parental consent for care when parents are unwilling, unable, or unavailable to consent. Our purpose is to examine the barriers to preventive oral health care for U.S. adolescents related to parental consent laws, explore the issues surrounding these laws, and recommend policy changes. We explain the current range and status of consent laws across the country and arguments for parental consent law as it now stands. We discuss the difficulty of applying general medical consent law to preventive oral health care, neuroscience research on cognitive capacity among adolescents, and the distinction between parental consent and adolescent assent. We recommend replacing required "opt-in" consent with simpler "opt-out" consent; developing a tool for assessing adolescent decision-making capacity; advocating for consent laws that apply specifically to preventive oral health care; and empowering school nurses to lead local, state, and nationwide policy and legislation efforts.
A methodology for ensuring fair allocation of CSOC effort for alert investigation

A Cyber Security Operations Center (CSOC) often sells services by entering into a service level agreement (SLA) with various customers (organizations) whose network traffic is monitored through sensors. The sensors produce data that are processed by automated systems (such as the intrusion detection system) that issue alerts. All alerts need further investigation by human analysts. The alerts are triaged into high-, medium-, and low-priority alerts, and the high-priority alerts are investigated first by cybersecurity analysts—a process known as priority queueing. In unexpected situations such as (i) higher than expected high-priority alert generation from some sensors, (ii) not enough analysts at the CSOC in a given time interval, and (iii) a new type of alert, which increases the time to analyze alerts from some sensors, the priority queueing mechanism leads to two major issues. The issues are: (1) some sensors with normal levels of alert generation are being analyzed less than those with excessive high-priority alerts, with the potential for complete starvation of alert analysis for sensors with only medium- or low-priority alerts, and (2) the above ad hoc allocation of CSOC effort to sensors with excessive high-priority alerts over other sensors results in SLA violations, and there is no enforcement mechanism to ensure the matching between the SLA and the actual service provided by a CSOC. This paper develops a new dynamic weighted alert queueing mechanism (DWQ) which relates the CSOC effort as per SLA to the actual allocated in practice, and ensures via a technical enforcement system that the total CSOC effort is proportionally divided among customers such that fairness is guaranteed in the long run. The results indicate that the DWQ mechanism outperforms priority queueing method by not only analyzing high-priority alerts first but also ensuring fairness in CSOC effort allocated to all its customers and providing a starvation-free alert investigation process.
A Feminist Bioethics Approach to Diagnostic Uncertainty

In addressing the lack of attention paid to the significant clinical and ethical risks involved in the context of diagnostic uncertainty, O'Leary (2018) argues that “no area of that oversight is mo...
Online Course Design and Development among College and University Instructors: An Analysis Using Grounded Theory.

In this study, a grounded theory approach was used to investigate the process college and university instructors undergo to design and develop online courses. Fourteen instructors who created online courses for four-year colleges and universities were interviewed about their experience designing and developing online courses. Results showed that participants begin the process with objectives and/or with existing course outlines, typically taken from online and face-to-face courses. Next, the instructors structure the course and chunk content. The instructors interviewed rarely use formal instructional design principles, but their design tasks show a striking similarity to those formalized in the ADDIE model. Student feedback (evaluation) motivated the instructors in their development efforts after initial course delivery. The study discusses practical implications and suggests opportunities for future research.
Religiosity and depressive symptoms in older adults compared to younger adults: Moderation by age

Abstract Background Previous research has suggested that individuals tend to become more religious with age. Research has also shown that as individuals become more religious, they report decreases in depressive symptoms, suggesting that increased levels of religiosity might help to improve one's mental health. The following study aimed to examine the effect of age on the relation between religiosity and depressive symptoms. Methods Data was gathered using a religiosity questionnaire and depression questionnaire. The sample consisted of 201 adults, ranging from 21–67 years of age, recruited through the Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTURK) marketplace. Results Hays’ PROCESS model for SPSS ( Hayes, 2013 ) was used to test age as a moderator between depressive symptoms and religiosity. Correlations showed that religiosity was positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with depressive symptoms. Further analysis of the data suggested that age serves as a moderator in the relation between religiosity and depressive symptoms for both middle-aged and younger adults. Limitations Participants included in the study were limited in age, further studies should consider including individuals >67 years of age to better test proposed relations. Conclusions High levels of religiosity were related to lower levels of depression in middle-aged and younger adults. Though further research on the development of such evidence-based programs is needed, involvement in religious activities may have a preventative role in both the development and duration of depressive symptoms in middle and older aged adults.
Religion, Spirituality, and Positive Psychology: Strengthening Well-Being

Attitudes toward religion have long been highly polarized, particularly within the field of psychology, with many individuals viewing religion as either a solely constructive or destructive force. However, the increasing integration of religion and spirituality into psychological research and clinical practice has offered evidence that the picture is more complicated and that both positive and negative aspects are vital to a discussion of this topic. Aided in part by positive psychology topics such as hope, forgiveness, gratitude, humility, resilience, and compassion, the field of the psychology of religion and spirituality has in recent years achieved a more balanced and nuanced approach to the role religion/spirituality can play in people’s overall well-being and functioning. This chapter asserts that whether or not religion and spirituality serve primarily as a positive or negative force in people’s lives depends largely on the kind of religion and the ways in which the individual interacts with and expresses that religion. We use a broad definition of religion and spirituality, focusing on their commonalities rather than their differences. In this way, we hope maintain a focus on the conversation at hand: religion/spirituality at its best, at its worst, and how religion/spirituality can be utilized to enhance social, psychological, physical, material, and spiritual well-being among diverse populations.
Leaving the Nested Structure: The Influence of Work Relationships on Climate Strength

Climate strength indicates the degree of consensus (i.e., lack of variability) in the shared perceptions of individuals which are aggregated to the team level. An implicit assumption in this aggregation is that the nesting based on organizational structure is the closest representation of work relationships throughout the organization: individuals use their work relationships with their teammates and supervisors to make sense of their environments, thereby generating shared individual perceptions which attain a level of consensus. The nature of work has become more interdependent and connected, enabling work relationships to flourish. On the one hand, these changes further facilitate conditions to generate consensus. Yet I argue that these changes also: (a) increase the salience of relationships beyond team boundaries, and (b) differentially influence relationships within teams, both of which act as barriers to consensus. I explain and reconcile these conflicting perspectives, identifying alternate ways i...
Lie Subgroups of GL(n, ℂ)

If U is an open subset of ℝ n , we say that a map ∅: U →ℝm is smooth if it has continuous partial derivatives of all orders.
Abstract 3230: Impact of Baseline Renal Function on Outcomes of Renal Artery Stenting in Hypertensive Patients

BACKGROUND: Stents deployed for renal artery stenosis aim to improve blood pressure (BP) control and preserve renal function. Yet appropriate patient selection and clinical predictors of success remain undefined. METHODS: We analyzed 67 consecutive patients who received stenting for obstructive renal artery disease (>70% stenosis) between 2002 and 2005. Post-discharge follow up was available for 60 patients (90%). We examined renal function, blood pressure and medications at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: All 60 patients were hypertensive, 31% diabetic, 67% dyslipidemic, 65% with coronary artery disease, and 47% had peripheral artery disease. Patients were predominantly Caucasian (95%), male (63%), with mean age 71 ± 9 years, and had baseline BP of 156 ± 23/76 ± 12 mm Hg while receiving 3.3 ± 1.1 antihypertensive medications. Baseline serum creatinine (1.9±1.0 mg/dL) was converted to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (44±21 mL/min/1.73m2) by the abbreviated MDRD equation. We observed improvement of eGFR from baseline as well as reduction of systolic BP without change in number of or defined daily doses of medications. Patients with baseline renal dysfunction had significant improvements in systolic BP and eGFR, while those with preserved function did not. (Table[⇓][1]) CONCLUSIONS: Patients with obstructive renal artery stenosis achieved improved BP and renal function with stent placement, yet this benefit was observed primarily in patients with baseline impaired renal function. To promote effective application of this procedure, prospective studies are need to determine which patient groups are likely to derive benefit from renal artery stenting. ![Table][2] Table: Change in renal function and blood pressure from baseline after renal artery stent [1]: #T1 [2]: pending:yes
Do They Really Matter? The Substitutability of Leader in “E-leadership 2.0”

Leaders are playing important roles in the modern organizations. The globalization and the development of advanced information technology (AIT) make it possible for dispersed workforce to work toge...
Monge’s Descriptive Geometry in Three Examples

Gaspard Monge (1746–1818) was at the center of developments in France in science, mathematics, and industry, and in education in those fields. He was the organizer of French industry in 1793 for producing the steel and guns essential for French military victory in 1794, and then among the founders of the Ecole polytechnique. His descriptive geometry, first installed in the curriculum at the Ecole royale du genie de Mezieres, distills essential ideas from both military engineering and his pioneering work in the differential geometry of surfaces. Although much is written about the great influence of Monge on engineering education and on the next generation of French mathematicians, it is harder to find a detailed examination, at a basic level, of Monge’s descriptive geometry. Three example problems are here selected from materials prepared, around 1795, for use in the Ecoles normales and the Polytechnique, indicating the concerns of Monge and the context of his work. Detailed solutions of those problems are provided.
“No Poor Among Them”: Sabbath and Jubilee Years in Lukan Social Ethics

This article examines the reconfiguration of socially poignant Pentateuchal texts in Luke-Acts. Beginning with a critical examination of the Jubilee background of Jesus’ Nazareth sermon, the article moves to elucidate Luke’s interweaving of scriptural traditions of the Jubilee and Sabbath years and related economically rich scriptural texts into the story of Jesus and the early church. This study explores how the author of Luke and Acts has integrated the life and teachings of Jesus with the kerygma and social existence of the early church by way of sustained, subtle reference to idealized visions of communal life in Israel’s foundational scriptures.
Self-acceptance, resilience, coping and satisfaction of life in people who stutter

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate self-acceptance and satisfaction with life with people who stutter and the influence of coping and resilience on the two factors. Method Forty-seven people who stutter (PWS) and 47 people who do not stutter (PWNS) participated in an online survey. Participants completed a survey assessing 6 main areas: (a) background information, (b) satisfaction with life, (c) coping, (d) avoidance, (e) self-acceptance, and resilience. Results Avoidant coping and maladaptive coping moderated the association between stuttering and self- acceptance but not satisfaction with life. Resilience was found to moderate the association between stuttering and self-acceptance as well as satisfaction with life. Conclusion Stuttering was associated with lower self-acceptance at higher levels of avoidant coping and maladaptive coping. PWS who have lower levels of resilience were more likely to have a lower satisfaction with life indicating that higher levels of resilience could serve as a protective factor for having a greater satisfaction with life. Further, stuttering was associated with lower self-acceptance at lower levels of resilient attitude. Resilience and coping appear to protect against having diminished self-acceptance and satisfaction with life for PWS.
Haemodynamic profiles in adult Fontan patients: associated haemodynamics and prognosis

AIMS The Fontan operation is associated with significant long-term morbidity and mortality, posing challenges in management. No haemodynamic classification has been established to aid management and prognostication of patients with Fontan palliation. Our aim was to assess haemodynamic profiles for Fontan patients and evaluate their relationships to prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty-four adult Fontan patients without obstruction or significant valve disease undergoing cardiac catheterization for Fontan-related co-morbidities were divided into four different haemodynamic profiles based on normal/high Fontan pressures (FP) (< 15 or ≥ 15 mmHg) and low/normal cardiac index (CI) (< 2.5 or ≥ 2.5 L/min/m2 ). Fourteen patients had low CI/high FP (17%), 24 low CI/normal FP (29%), 20 normal CI/high FP (24%), and 26 normal CI/normal FP (31%). Demographic and clinical data were similar among groups except for a trend towards a higher prevalence of cirrhosis in the normal CI/high FP (50%) group. Systemic vascular afterload, assessed by systemic vascular resistance and effective arterial elastance, was higher in patients with low CI/high FP and low CI/normal FP as compared to normal CI profiles. Pulmonary vascular resistance indices were higher in patients with low CI/high FP than all other profiles. The normal CI/high FP haemodynamic profile was an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio 4.1, 95% confidence interval 1.2-11.5). Heterotaxy and protein-losing enteropathy were also predictors of mortality on the multivariate model. CONCLUSION The proposed haemodynamic classification provides prognostic information in adults post-Fontan with patients in the normal CI/high FP profile having worse survival. Whether this classification can guide management in these patients deserves further investigation.
Statistical learning mitigation of false positives from template-detected data in automated acoustic wildlife monitoring

Audio sampling of the environment can provide long-term, landscape-scale presence-absence data to model populations of sound-producing wildlife. Automated detection systems allow researchers to avo...
Motivators of Prestige Brand Purchase: Testing Cultural (In)stability of Measures Over Time Across the United States, Poland, and South Korea

AbstractThis article encompasses two studies of how cultural dimensions help us understand consumers’ motivations to buy prestige brands in the global market. In Study 1, we investigated the effect...
Leveraging Aging Workforce and Age Diversity to Achieve Organizational Goals: A Human Resource Management Perspective

Given the aging trend in the labor force, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of how human resource management (HRM) practices can support the age-diverse workforce and facilitate the maintenance of both younger and older workers’ collective job performance. In this chapter, we propose an HRM perspective to examine how organizations can leverage an aging workforce and age diversity to achieve strategic goals. Specifically, we describe age-specific HRM practices, which are often used to counterbalance traditional stereotypical negative views of older workers. Additionally, given the increasingly popular adoption of a broad work-lifespan view about age management, we also describe age-neutral HRM practices. This view focuses on practices targeted at employees from early- to late-career stages, promoting an understanding of aging as an individual change process in terms of motivation, values, competencies, and behavior. Most of the HRM practices we focus on can be translated into both age-specific and age-neutral practices (i.e., selection, accommodation, performance management, training and development, and knowledge transfer and mentoring), whereas one only relates to age-specific practices (i.e., exit and retention). We make recommendations for organizations to effectively design and implement each of these HRM practices.
Muslims at the American Vigil

The 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting at a gay dance club in Florida fomented a surge in Islamophobia, as pundits blamed the perpetrator’s Muslim identity for his hateful act. In the aftermath of the violence, vigils across the United States offered forums for Muslim American and other groups to publically express their shared grief and to address homophobia and Islamophobia together. The people affected most intensely by the tragedy were LGBTQ Muslims, who were simultaneously subjected to both intensified homophobia and Islamophobia in the wake of the shooting. This local ethnographic study of Orlando vigils in Michigan examines how the Orlando aftermath encouraged debate about the issue of LGBTQ Muslim visibility and conversation about the potential for Muslim civic leaders and mosque leaders to serve as their allies. During the Orlando vigils, LGBTQ Muslims, allies, and faith leaders drew on, negotiated, and/or resisted various repertoires of mourning and advocacy. Their responses to the Orlando moment provide valuable information about how connections among faith, sexuality, race, and protest are shaping the emergence of LGBTQ Muslim visibilities in the United States today.
On Primitive Accumulation and its Shadowy Twin, Subsumption:

Primitive accumulation and accumulation by dispossession significantly strengthen our analyses of neo-liberalism, globalization, and capitalism in general. But processes that appear to be primitive...
Cost-effectiveness of Mifepristone Pretreatment for the Medical Management of Nonviable Early Pregnancy: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance Early pregnancy loss (EPL) is the most common complication of pregnancy. A multicenter randomized clinical trial compared 2 strategies for medical management and found that mifepristone pretreatment is 25% more effective than the standard of care, misoprostol alone. The cost of mifepristone may be a barrier to implementation of the regimen. Objective To assess the cost-effectiveness of medical management of EPL with mifepristone pretreatment plus misoprostol vs misoprostol alone in the United States. Design, Setting, and Participants This preplanned. prospective economic evaluation was performed concurrently with a randomized clinical trial in 3 US sites from May 1, 2014, through April 30, 2017. Participants included 300 women with anembryonic gestation or embryonic or fetal demise. Cost-effectiveness was computed from the health care sector and societal perspectives, with a 30-day time horizon. Data were analyzed from July 1, 2018, to July 3, 2019. Interventions Mifepristone pretreatment plus misoprostol administration vs misoprostol alone. Main Outcomes and Measures Costs in 2018 US dollars, effectiveness in quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and treatment efficacy. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of mifepristone and misoprostol vs misoprostol alone were calculated, and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were generated. Results Among the 300 women included in the randomized clinical trial (mean [SD] age, 30.4 [6.2] years), mean costs were similar for groups receiving mifepristone pretreatment and misoprostol alone from the health care sector perspective ($696.75 [95% CI, $591.88-$801.62] vs $690.88 [95% CI, $562.38-$819.38];P = .94) and the societal perspective ($3846.30 [95% CI, $2783.01-$4909.58] vs $4845.62 [95% CI, $3186.84-$6504.41];P = .32). The mifepristone pretreatment group had higher QALYs (0.0820 [95% CI, 0.0815-0.0825] vs 0.0806 [95% CI, 0.0800-0.0812];P = .001) and a higher completion rate after first treatment (83.8% vs 67.1%;P Conclusions and Relevance This study found that medical management of EPL with mifepristone pretreatment was cost-effective when compared with misoprostol alone. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT02012491
Familial Aggregation in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis

ObjectiveTo evaluate inheritance patterns and define the familial clustering rate of idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS).Study DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingInternational multice...
Forest landowner harvest decisions in a new era of conservation stewardship and changing markets in Maine, USA

Abstract Forest managers and policymakers across the globe are continually exploring ways to better understand how various socio-economic conditions and shocks can influence timber supply. In this paper, we develop a statistical harvest choice model for the state of Maine, a historically important timber supply region in North America. Landowner-level timber harvest choices were estimated using a multinomial logit model of two products (sawlogs and pulplogs), under varying management intensities (partial harvest, clearcut), and ownership classifications (public, private, conservation) across varying market conditions. Results indicate that stumpage prices have a significant effect on forest landowners' harvest decisions, regardless of the ownership classification or harvest intensity. Timber supply is positive and inelastic with respect to stumpage price, with state-level own-price elasticities ranging from 0.27–0.31 for sawlogs and 0.43–0.73 for pulplogs, with elasticities increasing with harvest intensity. Simulations that increase the proportion of forest designated as private conservation estimated that doing so could reduce Maine's total timber supply by 2%, although the level of sawlog harvests could increase by 0.5% as conservation landowners supplement their non-timber objectives with higher value wood. Our approach to modeling the complex timber harvesting patterns across a diverse array of both private, public, and conservation owners can be leveraged to inform policies focused on sustainable timber flows. Furthermore, it indicates that increases in conservation forestland area does not necessarily lead to large reductions in timber harvests, particularly in a state like Maine where most conservation land is still managed as working forest.
Small bowel obstruction caused by a bezoar following an adult simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation: A case report.

Small bowel obstruction caused by a bezoar following an adult simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation: A case report
Computational approaches to the neuroscience of social perception.

Across multiple domains of social perception - including social categorization, emotion perception, impression formation, and mentalizing - multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of fMRI data has permitted a more detailed understanding of how social information is processed and represented in the brain. As in other neuroimaging fields, the neuroscientific study of social perception initially relied on broad structure-function associations derived from univariate fMRI analysis to map neural regions involved in these processes. In this review, we trace the ways that social neuroscience studies using MVPA have built on these neuroanatomical associations to better characterize the computational relevance of different brain regions, and how MVPA allows explicit tests of the correspondence between psychological models and the neural representation of social information. We also describe current and future advances in methodological approaches to multivariate fMRI data and their theoretical value for the neuroscience of social perception.
Restoring Distribution System Under Renewable Uncertainty Using Reinforcement Learning

Distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution systems, including renewable generation, micro-turbine, and energy storage, can be used to restore critical loads following extreme events to increase grid resiliency. However, properly coordinating multiple DERs in the system for multi-step restoration process under renewable uncertainty and fuel availability is a complicated sequential optimal control problem. Due to its capability to handle system non-linearity and uncertainty, reinforcement learning (RL) stands out as a potentially powerful candidate in solving complex sequential control problems. Moreover, the offline training of RL provides excellent action readiness during online operation, making it suitable to problems such as load restoration, where in-time, correct and coordinated actions are needed. In this study, a distribution system prioritized load restoration based on a simplified single-bus system is studied: with imperfect renewable generation forecast, the performance of an RL controller is compared with that of a deterministic model predictive control (MPC). Our experiment results show that the RL controller is able to learn from experience, adapt to the imperfect forecast information and provide a more reliable restoration process when compared with the baseline controller.
Routine activities theory and food fraud victimization

Food fraud is a widespread problem that involves the act of defrauding consumers for economic gain. Food fraud incidents pose a considerable threat to the economic stability of agri-food industry as well as the health and welfare of consumers. With the increasing use of online grocery shopping, the Internet has facilitated deceptive and fraudulent practices by criminals. Using a sample of U.S. consumers, the current study explores the applicability of routine activities theory in the context of food fraud. The findings show that online routine activities, online target suitability, exposure to food ads, and perceived risk are significantly linked to food fraud victimization. Our study demonstrates that the routine activities theory is a useful framework to understand the vulnerabilities associated with food fraud. Implications for research and policy are discussed.
Implications of Recent Revelations from Basic and Clinical Studies of Barrett’s Esophagus for Screening and Surveillance Strategies:

During the past several decades, while the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has risen dramatically, our primary EAC-prevention strategies have been endoscopic screening of individuals w...
Exploring the Influence of Digital Games on Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours Based on the New Ecological Paradigm Scale: A Mixed-Methods Study in India:

Anthropogenic activities cause environmental degradation-related problems. However, people fail to perform pro-environmental behaviours because they believe that they cannot make a difference or th...
The impact of income and education on lung cancer screening utilization, eligibility, and outcomes: a narrative review of socioeconomic disparities in lung cancer screening

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the US and worldwide. In particular, vulnerable populations such as those of low socioeconomic status (SES) are at the highest risk for and suffer the highest mortality from NSCLC. Although lung cancer screening (LCS) has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool to lower NSCLC mortality, it is underutilized by eligible smokers, and disparities in screening are likely to contribute to inequities in NSCLC outcomes. It is imperative that we collect and analyze LCS data focused on individuals of low socioeconomic position to identify and address barriers to LCS utilization and help close the gaps in NSCLC mortality along socioeconomic lines. Toward this end, this review aims to examine published studies that have evaluated the impact of income and education on LCS utilization, eligibility, and outcomes. We searched the PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and CINAHL Plus databases for all studies published from January 1, 2010, to October 21, 2020, that discussed socioeconomic-based LCS outcomes. The review reveals that income and education have impact on LCS utilization, eligibility, false positive rates and smoking cessation attempts; however, there is a lack of studies evaluating the impact of SES on LCS follow-up, stage at diagnosis, and treatment. We recommend the intentional inclusion of lower SES participants in LCS studies in order to clarify appropriate eligibility criteria, risk-based metrics and outcomes in this high-risk group. We also anticipate that low SES smokers and their providers will require increased support and education regarding smoking cessation and shared decision-making efforts.
Persistent polyamorphism in the chiton tooth: From a new biomineral to inks for additive manufacturing.

Engineering structures that bridge between elements with disparate mechanical properties are a significant challenge. Organisms reap synergy by creating complex shapes that are intricately graded. For instance, the wear-resistant cusp of the chiton radula tooth works in concert with progressively softer microarchitectural units as the mollusk grazes on and erodes rock. Herein, we focus on the stylus that connects the ultrahard and stiff tooth head to the flexible radula membrane. Using techniques that are especially suited to probe the rich chemistry of iron at high spatial resolution, in particular synchrotron Mossbauer and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, we find that the upper stylus of Cryptochiton stelleri is in fact a mineralized tissue. Remarkably, the inorganic phase is nano disperse santabarbaraite, an amorphous ferric hydroxyphosphate that has not been observed as a biomineral. The presence of two persistent polyamorphic phases, amorphous ferric phosphate and santabarbaraite, in close proximity, is a unique aspect that demonstrates the level of control over phase transformations in C. stelleri dentition. The stylus is a highly graded material in that its mineral content and mechanical properties vary by a factor of 3 to 8 over distances of a few hundred micrometers, seamlessly bridging between the soft radula and the hard tooth head. The use of amorphous phases that are low in iron and high in water content may be key to increasing the specific strength of the stylus. Finally, we show that we can distill these insights into design criteria for inks for additive manufacturing of highly tunable chitosan-based composites.
Sylvester Tensor Equation for Multi-Way Association

How can we identify the same or similar users from a collection of social network platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, etc.)? Which restaurant shall we recommend to a given user at the right time at the right location? Given a disease, which genes and drugs are most relevant? Multi-way association, which identifies strongly correlated node sets from multiple input networks, is the key to answering these questions. Despite its importance, very few multi-way association methods exist due to its high complexity. In this paper, we formulate multi-way association as a convex optimization problem, whose optimal solution can be obtained by a Sylvester tensor equation. Furthermore, we propose two fast algorithms to solve the Sylvester tensor equation, with a linear time and space complexity. We further provide theoretic analysis in terms of the sensitivity of the Sylvester tensor equation solution. Empirical evaluations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method.
Exploiting Iminoquinones as Electrophilic at Nitrogen “N+” Synthons for C–N Bond Construction

New methods for C-N bond construction exploiting the N-centered electrophilic character of iminoquinones are reported. Iminoquinones, generated in situ via the condensation of o-vinylanilines with benzoquinones, undergo acid-catalyzed cyclization to afford N-arylindoles in excellent yields. Under similar reaction conditions, homoallylic amines react analogously to afford N-arylpyrroles. Additionally, organometallic nucleophiles are shown to add to the nitrogen atom of N-alkyliminoquinones to provide amine products. Finally, iminoquinones are shown to be competent electrophiles for copper-catalyzed hydroamination.
The melanocytic (pigmented) nevus; a discussion of its management.

Abstract The term “melanocytic nevus” is suggested as more satisfactory than the designation pigmented nevus or common “mole” because the lesion is made up of melanocytes. This name will differentiate it from pigmented spots of other cellular constituents with which it is often confused. Approximately 50 per cent of the melanomas that arise on the skin start in melanocytic nevi that present the pathologic picture of junctional activity. Melanocytic nevi where junctional activity is absent do not ordinarily give rise to malignancy. Based on clinical features the presence or absence of junctional activity in melanocytic nevi can be clinically predicted with a fair degree of reliability. It becomes possible, therefore, with reasonable accuracy, to recommend for prophylactic removal those lesions which are potentially malignant. Melanocytic nevi having junctional activity are apt to be flat, slightly elevated, elevated with a surrounding flat pigmented ring, or verrucous in appearance; while those that are elevated, sessile, polypoid, or pedunculated are usually free of junctional activity. Junctional activity tends to be lost with age in most nevi. It is likely to be retained, however, in nevi on the hands, feet, and the anogenitalia. It is felt that melanocytic nevi may be prophylactically removed when they (1) show signs of incipient malignancy, (2) are present on the hands, feet, and anogenitalia, (3) are subject to trauma, and (4) show signs of having retained junctional activity after the age of 40. All nevi removed prophylactically should be adequately excised and examined histologically.