cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Automatic ARMA identification using neural networks and the extended sample autocorrelation function: a reevaluation

Abstract Recently, several researchers have attempted to use neural network approaches in conjunction with the extended sample autocorrelation function (ESACF) to automatically identify ARMA models. The work to date appears promising, but generalizations are limited by the fact that the test and training sets for the neural networks were generated from random perturbations of prototype ESACF tables. This paper develops test and training sets by varying the parameters of actual ARMA processes. The results show that the ability of neural networks to accurately identify the order of an ARMA(p,q) model from its transformed ESACF is much lower than reported by previous researchers, and is especially low for time series with fewer than 100 observations.
Developing green fleet management strategies: Repair/retrofit/replacement decisions under environmental regulation

Abstract The considerable cost of maintaining large fleets has generated interest in cost minimization strategies. With many related decisions, numerous constraints, and significant sources of uncertainty (e.g. vehicle breakdowns), fleet managers face complex dynamic optimization problems. Existing methodologies frequently make simplifying assumptions or fail to converge quickly for large problems. This paper presents an approximate dynamic programming approach for making vehicle purchase, resale, and retrofit decisions in a fleet setting with stochastic vehicle breakdowns. Value iteration is informed by dual variables from linear programs, as well as other bounds on vehicle shadow prices. Sample problems are based on a government fleet seeking to comply with emissions regulation. The model predicts the expected cost of compliance, the rules the fleet manager will use in deciding how to comply, and the regulation’s impact on the value of vehicles in the fleet. Stricter regulation lowers the value of some vehicle categories while raising the value of others. Such insights can help guide regulators, as well as the fleet managers they oversee. The methodologies developed could be applied more broadly to general multi-asset replacement problems, many of which have similar structures.
Trauma-induced Acinetobacter lwoffi endophthalmitis with multi-organism recurrence: Strategies with intravitreal treatment

Endophthalmitis and its treatment are challenging, controversial subjects. We report here a patient whose recurrent endophthalmitis required several modes of treatment.
Effects of robotic therapy on upper-extremity function in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review

AbstractObjective: To systematically examine the effects of robotic therapy on upper extremity (UE) function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Pubmed, CINAHL, Cochrane, PsychInfo, TRIP, and Web of Science up to July 2013. Studies of children with CP, using robotic therapy and measures of UE were included. Results: Nine articles using three different robotic systems were included. Of these, seven were case studies. Overall, robotic therapy showed the potential effects as all studies reported at least one positive outcome: a moderate effect in improving reaching duration, smoothness, or decreased muscle tone, and a small to large effect in standardized clinical assessment (e.g. Fugl-Meyer). Conclusion: This review confirms the potential for robotic therapy to improve UE function in children with CP. However, the paucity of group design studies summons the need for more rigorous research before conclusive recommendations can be made.
Morpheme types in a matrix language turnover: The introduction of system morphemes from English into Pennsylvania German:

This contribution examines the roles that morphemes of different types, as defined within Myers-Scotton and Jake's 4-M model (2000), play in contactinduced language change. The data examined here are taken from interviews with seven speakers of Pennsylvania German (PG). This paper argues that a turnover of the Matrix Language is in process in PG. Such a turnover involves the gradual replacement of system morphemes of German origin with system morphemes from English. The 4-M model outlines three different types of system morphemes: early system morphemes and two different kinds of late system morphemes, “bridges” and “outsiders.” It is predicted that early system morphemes from English will appear in PG first, and this prediction is supported by the occurrence of plurals and past participles from English in these data. There is no evidence of bridge system morphemes from English, and only isolated instances of English outsider morphemes, indicating that the introduction of late system morphemes from Englis...
Vagueness and alternative logic

Michael Dummett has argued that Logic and Metaphysics are intimately connected.1 While Dummett’s arguments are based upon considerations from the philosophy of language, rather than upon the actual history of logic and metaphysics, I believe that the history of these subjects suggests that Dummett is right. G.E.L. Owen has pointed out2 that the notion of a “property” was neither an evident nor a simple one for either Aristotle or Plato. We can say of a man that he is a “white man”; but if we ask whether the man is white in the way that a white wall is white, we shall have to answer “no”. What “white” is is not specified, Aristotle thought, until we say what sort of thing we are predicating it of, taking as the standard, or whatever. But what if the term we use to answer this question has the same relativity?
Six Billion Plus: World Population in the Twenty‐First Century by K. Bruce Newbold

Six Billion Plus presents an organized outline of the crucial geographical ramifications of the world's increasing population size. The author, K. Bruce Newbold, lingers neither on completely alarm...
Three-dimensional anatomic evaluation of the anterior cruciate ligament for planning reconstruction.

Anatomic study related to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery has been developed in accordance with the progress of imaging technology. Advances in imaging techniques, especially the move from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) image analysis, substantially contribute to anatomic understanding and its application to advanced ACL reconstruction surgery. This paper introduces previous research about image analysis of the ACL anatomy and its application to ACL reconstruction surgery. Crucial bony landmarks for the accurate placement of the ACL graft can be identified by 3D imaging technique. Additionally, 3D-CT analysis of the ACL insertion site anatomy provides better and more consistent evaluation than conventional “clock-face” reference and roentgenologic quadrant method. Since the human anatomy has a complex three-dimensional structure, further anatomic research using three-dimensional imaging analysis and its clinical application by navigation system or other technologies is warranted for the improvement of the ACL reconstruction.
Design of Ductile Polycrystalline Ni3 Al Alloys

This paper provides a comprehensive review of current efforts on design of ductile polycrystalline Ni3 AI alloys. Microalloying has proven to be very effective in alleviating the grain-boundary emibrittlement problem. The ductility and fabricability of Ni3 Al (24 at. % Al) are dramatically improved by adding a few hundred parts per million of boron. The beneficial effect of boron is related to its unusual segregation behavior as predicted from the theory of grain-boundary cohesion developed by Rice, based on thermodynamic analyses. Alloy stoichiometry strongly influences grain-boundary chemistry, which, in turn, affects the boundary cohesion and overall ductility of Ni3 Al. The solid-solution hardening of Ni3 AI depends on the substitutional behavior of alloying elements, atomic size misfit, and the degree of nonstoichiometry of the alloy. Hafnium additions are very effective in improving high-temperature properties of ternary Ni3Al (Al + Hf = 24 at. %) doped with boron. Alloying with <2% Hf substantially increases the yield stress and raises the peak-strength temperature. In addition, hafnium substantially improves creep properties and oxidation resistance. The Ni3 Al aluminides truly represent a new series of heat resistant materials which do not depend on chromium for oxidation resistance.
Prolonged lactate clearance is associated with increased mortality in the surgical intensive care unit

Abstract Background: Failure of arterial serum lactate to achieve normal levels has been associated with an increased mortality among medical and trauma patients. At our institution the ability of the patient to normalize arterial serum lactate has been utilized as an end point of resuscitation. In this study, we examine the correlation between length of time to lactate normalization and mortality. Methods: The charts of 95 consecutive surgical intensive care unit (SICU) patients requiring hemodynamic monitoring or therapy were reviewed retrospectively. Hemodynamic, demographic, and laboratory data were recorded. Patients were stratified by lactate normalization time, and a subgroup analysis of survivors and nonsurvivors was performed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Patients not achieving a normal lactate level sustained a 100% hospital mortality rate. Those clearing between 48 and 96 hours sustained a 42.5% mortality rate. Patients normalizing in 24 to 48 hours had a 13.3% mortality rate, and those clearing in less than 24 hours had a mortality rate of 3.9%. Subgroup analysis by survival revealed differences in time to lactate clearance, initial blood pressure, and initial lactate on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis only time of lactate clearance was found to differ. Conclusions: Prolongation of lactate clearance is associated with increasing mortality. Failure of a patient to normalize lactate is associated with 100% mortality. Measurement of arterial serum lactate is a simple and effective predictor of outcome and end point of therapy.
Generalizations of the neumann system a curve theoretical approach-part II

The following observation, due to E. Trubowitz, illustrates an intimate relationship between spectral theory and Hamiltonian mechanics in the presence of constraints. Let q(s) be a real periodic function such that the Hill operator, has only a finite number gR of simple eigenvalues. There exist gR + 1 periodic eigenfunctions x1,…, x and corresponding eigenvalues a1,…, a of L such that where yr = dxr/ds. The equations Lxr = arxr, r = 1,…,gR+1, make up the classical Neumann system, a system of harmonic oscillators constrained to the unit sphere. H. Flaschka obtained similar results about the Neumann system from a more general point of view. His assumption, that there exists an operator of odd order that commutes with L, leads to algebraic curve theory by the method of Krichever and from there to the Neumann formulas above. The familiar Lax pairs, the constants of motion and the quadrics of the Neumann system emerge as consequences of the Riemann-Roch theoreni. The existence of isospectral deformations of L, the Korteweg de-Vries hierarchy of the soliton equations, underlies the complete integrability of the Neumann system. This paper extends Flaschka's techniques, replacing L by an operator of order n 2 2. Higher Neumann systems are defined in a way that leads naturally to interesting symplectic manifolds, Lax pairs and integrals of motion. C. Tomei, using scattering theory, obtained some of our n = 3 formulas.
Temporary floating island formation maintains wetland plant species richness: The role of the seed bank

In wetlands,fluctuating water levels create opportunities for recruitment of new individuals from seed banks, and drawdown periods often favor the establishment of species adapted for life in shallow water. In this study, floating island formation functioned similarly to drawdowns in water level by creating patches of sediment that were less inundated relative to the surrounding deep water marsh. The disturbance of floating island formation (i.e., mats of sediment and vegetation rising vertically in the water column) also resulted in reduced cover of the dominant rooted, floating-leaved macrophyte, thereby creating temporary gaps for the establishment of other species. To assess how floating island formation influences species richness and composition of wetland plant assemblages relative to surrounding deep water marsh, field surveys of plant percent cover on and off of islands were conducted over 2 years, along with a controlled greenhouse seed bank experiment in which levels of inundation were manipulated. Five plant species were present in deep water marsh compared to 22 in surrounding on floating islands. Plant assemblages on floating islands consisted primarily of emergent species, while floating-leaved perennials dominated the deep water marsh. Species richness and assemblage composition in the greenhouse seed bank experiment differed among water level treatments in a manner consistent with differences observed in field surveys. Assemblages germinating under minimal inundation treatments were more species rich (3.5‐4.3 species per sample) and contained more emergent species (>450 individuals m � 2 ) than did those germinating under flooded conditions (2.8‐2.9 species per sample and <405 individuals m � 2 ). This study, in addition to being the only reported seed bank study of temporary (i.e., seasonal) floating islands, demonstrates that islands altered levelsof inundation favoring thegermination of more species-rich, emergent wetland plant assemblages. Because theseislandspersisted longenoughforseveralspeciestosetseed,theirformationmaybeonemechanismbywhich theseedbankisreplenishedand populations of otherwise uncommon species are maintained. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Observations of discrete, global magnetospheric oscillations directly driven by solar wind density variations

[1] In this paper we present six events in which both the time series and the spectral content of solar wind number density fluctuations and magnetospheric magnetic field observations were highly correlated for intervals ranging from a few to twelve hours. The fluctuations were periodic and occurred at discrete frequencies which often matched the f = 1.3, 1.9, 2.6, and 3.4 mHz oscillations that have been attributed to global magnetospheric MHD cavity and/or waveguide modes. We also observed significant power in the sub-mHz region, with frequencies as low as f = 0.1 mHz. We show that these fluctuations were first observed in the solar wind, far upstream from the Earth, and argue that the convected density perturbations slowly alter the size of the magnetospheric cavity leading to the appearance of multiple, discrete magnetospheric oscillations. We argue that for these events the discrete frequencies were an inherent property of the solar wind and were not related to a possible cavity or waveguide mode of the magnetosphere. We then show that the density fluctuations, when converted into length scales, organize into scale sizes of L = 23, 30, 45, and 80–100 RE. Finally, we speculate on a possible solar source for the periodic solar wind structures.
Determinants of Practice Patterns and Quality Gaps in Lung Cancer Staging and Diagnosis

Background Guidelines recommend mediastinal lymph node sampling as the first invasive diagnostic procedure in patients with suspected lung cancer with mediastinal lymphadenopathy without distant metastases. Methods Patients were a retrospective cohort of 15,316 patients with lung cancer with regional spread without metastatic disease in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) or Texas Cancer Registry Medicare-linked databases. Patients were categorized based on the sequencing of invasive diagnostic tests performed: (1) evaluation consistent with guidelines, mediastinal sampling done first; (2) evaluation inconsistent with guidelines, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present, mediastinal sampling performed but not as part of the first invasive test; (3) evaluation inconsistent with guidelines, NSCLC present, mediastinal sampling never done; and (4) evaluation inconsistent with guidelines, small cell lung cancer. The primary outcome was whether guideline-consistent care was delivered. Secondary outcomes included whether patients with NSCLC ever had mediastinal sampling and use of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) among pulmonologists. Results Only 21% of patients had a diagnostic evaluation consistent with guidelines. Only 56% of patients with NSCLC had mediastinal sampling prior to treatment. There was significant regional variability in guideline-consistent care (range, 12%-29%). Guideline-consistent care was associated with lower patient age, metropolitan areas, and if the physician ordering or performing the test was male, trained in the United States, had seen more patients with lung cancer, and was a pulmonologist or thoracic surgeon who had graduated more recently. More recent pulmonary graduates were also more likely to perform TBNA ( P Conclusions Guideline-consistent care varied regionally and was associated with physician-level factors, suggesting that a lack of effective physician training may be contributing to the quality gaps observed.
Bochner integrable solutions to Riccati partial differential equations and optimal sensor placement

In this paper we provide sufficient conditions to ensure that solutions to the time varying Riccati partial differential equations are Bochner integrable with range in the space of trace class operators. The fact that Bochner integrals can be uniformly approximated by simple functions provides a basis for obtaining bounds on integration errors. These bounds can then be used for rigorous numerical analysis and to ensure the convergence of algorithms used to compute approximate solutions. We demonstrate how this result can be employed to develop convergent computational methods for a sensor placement problem based on optimal filtering. Theoretical results are presented and numerical examples are given to illustrate the ideas.
Differentiation of Leukemic Cells Induced by Short-Course High-Dose Methylprednisolone in Children with Different Subtypes of Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia

Differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells to mature granulocytes by high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP, 20-30 mg/kg/day) with a favorable antileukemic effect has previously been demonstrated in children with acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) M4. In the present study, three children with other morphological subtypes of AML (two AML M1, one AML M2) were given methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg/day) orally in a single dose. After a short-course (3 or 7 days) of HDMP treatment alone, a striking decrease in blast cells associated with an increase in maturing and abnormally nucleated polymorphonuclear-like cells some containing Auer rods were detected in all patients in peripheral blood or bone marrow smears. During HDMP treatment, in parallel to morphological improvements, marked increases in the percentage of cells expressing granulocytic antigen (CD15) were observed. The increase of CD15 expression on myeloid cells, together with the steady expression of CD34 and CD117 antigens in Casel(AML M1) , is suggestive of aberrant CD34 + CD117 + CD15 + cells, which may indicate the leukemic origin of the maturing myeloid cells. These results suggest that HDMP treatment may induce differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells in some children with different morphological subtypes of AML, and that the differentiation-inducing effect of HDMP should be explored in other malignant diseases.
On Christ and Healing: Eiesland, Tillich, and Disability Theology

: The existentialist interpretation of the biblical texts offered by Protestant theologian Paul Tillich is deeply problematic in its treatment of disability, especially mental illness. Theologian Nancy Eiesland argues against a conflation of sin and illness, and proposes the symbol of the disabled God as a source for a liberation theology of disability. Reading the biblical texts existentially, as Tillich suggests, can advance Eiesland's Christology, while her critique of Christian teaching on disability offers a correction for Tillich.
AVO inversion of a Gulf of Mexico bright spot; a case study

An iterative and linearized inversion algorithm carried out in the x-t domain has been applied to a prestack seismic data set from the central Gulf of Mexico, offshore Louisiana. Sonic and density curves from a well located close to the seismic line are used to generate the initial starting models for the inversion. We tested the geologically realistic hypothesis that the starting models have an accurate impedance structure outside of the potential pay zone and that the prospective pay zone will have mechanical properties consistent with the presence or absence of hydrocarbons. The inversion, performed with starting models with pay zones with a Poisson’s ratio appropriate for 100% brine saturation or with a Poisson’s ratio intermediate between expected values for full brine and hydrocarbon saturation, does not converge to the real seismic gather. However, with a starting model having a Poisson’s ratio appropriate for hydrocarbon saturation in the target zone, there is convergence from the initial to the r...
Editing dynamic properties of captured human motion

In contrast to most physically based animation techniques that synthesize human motion from scratch, we take the approach of motion transformation as the underlying paradigm for generating computer animation. In doing so we combine the expressive richness of an input animation sequence with the controllability of space-time optimization to create a wide range of realistic character animation. The space-time dynamics formulation also allows editing of intuitive, high-level motion concepts such as the time and placement of footprints, length and mass of various extremities number of body joints and gravity. Our algorithm is well suited for the reuse of highly-detailed captured motion animation. We report application of our algorithm on two such sequences: human run and human jump. As a result, both of these sequences produced a wide range of realistic motions. We show by DOF comparison how closely the resulting motion matches the reality.
Epigenetic regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and neointima formation by histone deacetylase inhibition.

Objective— Proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) in response to vascular injury is central to neointimal vascular remodeling. There is accumulating evidence that histone acetylation constitutes a major epigenetic modification for the transcriptional control of proliferative gene expression; however, the physiological role of histone acetylation for proliferative vascular disease remains elusive. Methods and Results— In the present study, we investigated the role of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition in SMC proliferation and neointimal remodeling. We demonstrate that mitogens induce transcription of HDAC 1, 2, and 3 in SMC. Short interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of either HDAC 1, 2, or 3 and pharmacological inhibition of HDAC prevented mitogen-induced SMC proliferation. The mechanisms underlying this reduction of SMC proliferation by HDAC inhibition involve a growth arrest in the G 1 phase of the cell cycle that is due to an inhibition of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation. HDAC inhibition resulted in a transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 Cip1 and p27 Kip . Furthermore, HDAC inhibition repressed mitogen-induced cyclin D1 mRNA expression and cyclin D1 promoter activity. As a result of this differential cell cycle-regulatory gene expression by HDAC inhibition, the retinoblastoma protein retains a transcriptional repression of its downstream target genes required for S phase entry. Finally, we provide evidence that these observations are applicable in vivo by demonstrating that HDAC inhibition decreased neointima formation and expression of cyclin D1 in a murine model of vascular injury. Conclusion— These findings identify HDAC as a critical component of a transcriptional cascade regulating SMC proliferation and suggest that HDAC might play a pivotal role in the development of proliferative vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and in-stent restenosis.
Studies of Substituted R2 T14 B and R2 Co17 Systems (T = Fe or Co)

Certain R2Co17 and R2 T14 B systems (R = a rare earth, T = Fe or Co) are of significance for use in the fabrication of high energy magnets. Improvements in these systems as high energy magnet materials are effected by partially replacing Co or T by appropriate d transition metals. A description is given of the magnetic behavior of a number of systems based on R2 Co17 and R2T14 B. Also, an account is given of recent work dealing with the systems RCo4 B and PrCo4-xFex B. The latter materials have large magnetizations and high Curie temperatures. However, they are not useful permanent magnet materials because they exhibit planar anisotropy. Results of some Auger spectroscopy studies of R2 Fe14 B systems (R = Pr,Nd or Er) are presented. This work shows the intergranular region to be rich in B, O and R. This region is undoubtedly non-magnetic, a feature which is most probably of significance in regard to the observed coercivity of R2 Fe14 B magnets.
Examining teacher beliefs, reflective change, and the teaching of reading

Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore teacher beliefs and to create teacher profiles that would enhance reflective teaching. Subjects completed self report inventories about their theoretical orientation, conceptual framework, belief system and the teaching of reading, and several wrote personal histories that recorded their experiences as teachers and as learners. Classrooms were observed at least three times during a two‐month period. Students also completed an inventory of their perceptions of instruction. In this study, teacher profiles served as a means of self‐evaluation by assessing instruction and investigating attitudes and belief formation. Further, this research suggests that clarifying beliefs may force teachers to reexamine what they do and why they do it.
Inhibition by Bovine Endothelial Cells of Degradation by HT-1080 Fibrosarcoma Cells of Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Medium conditioned by bovine arterial endothelial cells inhibited the degradation by human fibrosarcoma cells of living cultures of rat smooth muscle cells or their cell-free extracellular matrices. Endothelial cell-conditioned medium had no effect on the growth kinetics of fibrosarcoma cells, and the inhibitory influence of conditioned medium on matrix degradation was greatest with low numbers of tumor cells. Conditioned medium inhibited the production of tumor cell plasminogen activators, enzymes previously found to play a role in matrix glycoprotein degradation. The endothelial factor was heat- and acid-stable and non-dialyzable, and mixing experiments showed that it did not directly inactivate the tumor cell plasminogen activator. Endothelial cells may therefore modulate the production of proteolytic enzymes important in the implantation stage of tumor metastasis.
Abstract 127: Effects of miR-33 Antagonism on Glucose and Triglyceride Metabolism in Nonhuman Primates.

Elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While strategies to lower LDL cholesterol have been successful in reducing CVD-related mortality, there is still an unmet need for developing therapies to reduce the residual risk of atherosclerotic CVD. Plasma HDL cholesterol levels are inversely correlated with CVD risk and thus novel therapies to increase plasma HDL cholesterol levels have garnered much attention in recent years. MicroRNA-33a and b (miR-33a/b) are intronically-encoded microRNAs residing in the sterol response element binding protein genes SREBF2 and SREBF1 and suppress the expression of the genes involved in cholesterol efflux and fatty acid oxidation. Recent studies show that antagonism of miR-33 results in increased ABCA1expression and elevated plasma HDL levels in both mice and nonhuman primates. However, findings in mice suggest that long term miR-33 antagonism may lead to ...
Channel Utilization in South Louisiana, 2011–2012

A network of natural and man-made navigation channels support commerce and industry throughout South Louisiana, but no quantitative information is available on the users of the channels. A question that frequently arises in regulatory hearings and Environmental Impact Statements regards the primary user groups of the channels and their relative proportion of use. No defensible and reliable data exists on channel usage, and even basic questions such as how many vessels utilize a specific channel have not been addressed.
Recent Price Legislation and Economic Theory

EDITOR's NOTE: Legislation afecting marketing has been parture from generally accepted pracundertaken so freely that we do not always realize comrntices which would appear to be fraught pletely its effect. The present article calls sharply to attention some of the inconsistencies between recent legislation with momentous consequences to our and accepted or conventional economic theory. form of economy. Our mass of people Professor Bader's article raises some points which are has been going along, at least until very admittedly controversial. It may perhaps be questioned, for example, whether perfect competition is always a valid recently, in the belief that we live in a criteria against which to evaluate the phenomena of imcapitalist economy operating under conperfect competition. This procedure may over-simplify the ditions of perfect competition,2 and that, problem and when it is used, the interpretation must be carefully drawn. Or again, it is not certain that the owners as a result, the largest possible quantities of large enterprises always got there even in part by reof goods are produced; that they are stricting competition. Moreover, there might be some sense sold at reasonably low prices; and that to price legislation even if it did not raise prices or at least if it raised only the occasional extremely cut price. In any those who participate in producing and case, this is a thought-provoking article. marketing them receive a compensation
Highly Accurate Numerical Simulations of Pulsating One-Dimensional Detonations

A novel, highly accurate numerical scheme based on shock-fitting coupled with high order spatial and temporal discretization is applied to a classical unsteady detonation problem to generate solutions with unprecedented accuracy. The one-dimensional reactive Euler equations for a calorically perfect mixture of ideal gases whose reaction is described by single-step irreversible Arrhenius kinetics are solved in a series of calculations in which the activation energy is varied. In contrast with nearly all known simulations of this problem, which converge at a rate no greater than first order as the spatial and temporal grid is refined, the present method is shown to converge at a rate consistent with the fifth order accuracy of the spatial discretization scheme. This high accuracy enables more precise verification of known results and prediction of heretofore unknown phenomena. To five significant figures, the scheme faithfully recovers the stability boundary, growth rates, and wave-numbers predicted by an independent linear stability theory in the stable and weakly unstable regime. As the activation energy is increased, a series of period-doubling events are predicted, and the system undergoes a transition to chaos. Consistent with general theories of non-linear dynamics, the bifurcation points are seen to converge at a rate for which the Feigenbaum constant is 4.66 ± 0.09, in close agreement with the true value of 4.669201 . . .. As activation energy is increased further, domains are identified in which the system undergoes a transition from a chaotic state back to one whose limit cycles are characterized by a small number of non-linear oscillatory modes. This result is consistent with behavior of other non-linear dynamical systems, but not typically considered in detonation dynamics.
232 Th Mössbauer Effect Linewidth Measurements

Coulomb excitation M\"ossbauer effect experiments have been performed on the first excited state of $^{232}\mathrm{Th}$ using Th-metal targets and Th-metal and various Th-compound absorbers. The metal is shown to yield a M\"ossbauer linewidth in agreement with that predicted by electronic measurements of the half-life of the first excited state. The zero-thickness absorber linewidth (half width at half maximum), absorber recoilless fraction, and source recoilless fraction were found to be ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{0}=8.66\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.64$ mm/sec, ${f}_{a}=0.45\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12$, and ${f}_{s}=0.23\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08$, respectively, for Th metal. Experiments performed on noncubic absorber materials gave broadened spectra which are attributed to electric quadrupole hyperfine interactions.
Observations on Social Parasitism in the Genus Vespula Thomson

This paper presents some observations recently made on three nests of the yellow-jacket, Vespula arenaria (Fabricius) [= diabolica H. de Saussure], which had been parasitized by Vespula adulterina var. arctica Rohwer, and on a nest of Vespula rufa var. vidua (H. de Saussure), which had been invaded by a queen of Vespula squamosa (Drury), suspected of being a facultative, temporary social parasite. To this are added some remarks on the origin and evolution of social parasitism in the genus Vespula.
Magical thinking: A representation result

This paper suggests a novel way to import the approach of axiomatic theories of individual choice into strategic settings and demonstrates the benefits of this approach. We propose both a tractable behavioral model as well as axioms applied to the behavior of the collection of players, focusing first on prisoners' dilemma games. A representation theorem establishes these axioms as the precise behavioral content of the model, and that the model's parameters are (essentially) uniquely identified from behavior. The behavioral model features magical thinking: players behave as if their expectations about their opponents' behavior vary with their own choices. The model provides a unified view of documented behavior in a range of often studied games, such as the prisoners' dilemma, the battle of the sexes, hawk–dove, and the stag hunt, and also generates novel predictions across games.
Percutaneous Removal of Renal and Ureteral Stones with and Without Concomitant Transurethral Manipulation by a Urologist Using Antegrade and Retrograde Techniques without a Radiologist’s Assistance

AbstractSingle-stage percutaneous removal of 59 ureteral and 72 renal stones, with or without transurethral manipulation, was performed in 84 of 85 consecutive patients without the assistance of a radiologist The Hawkins-Hunter retrograde nephrostomy technique was modified by anchoring the catheter in the renal parenchyma, which prevented displacement from the targeted calix by the puncturing needle. Retrograde nephrostomy (76 patients) or percutaneous puncture (7) was established, for a combined access rate of 99 per cent in 83 patients (2 of the 85 had prior tube placement). Only 1 patient (early in the series in 1982) required an open operation because of percutaneous access failure. Tomography showed that the targeted calculi were removed completely from 61 of 66 patients (92 per cent) with uncomplicated stones and 13 of 19 (68 per cent) with complicated stones. The patients left with fragments have remained asymptomatic for a mean followup of 2.6 years. Because the concomitant use of transurethral an...
Degradation of radiation exposed polymethacrylamide (Rohacell® 31) foam used in composite hardware

Rohacell® foam is a critical structural component used to fabricate composite hardware for space applications. The effect of radiation exposure on Rohacell® 31 HFHT has been evaluated to determine the degree of chemical and mechanical degradation that may occur in a space environment. A 60Co source was used for exposure levels ranging from 0 to 8 Mrad. Tensile tests showed significant decreases of 50% in tensile strength and 75% decreases in failure strain, after only a 4-Mrad exposure. However, the rate of degradation sharply decreased with additional exposure since cross-link density was more affected during the early stages of radiation exposure. Size exclusion chromatography and multiangle light scattering of the extracted material also provided evidence showing an increase in the concentration of lower molecular weight (Mw) fragments after exposure. The average Mw of the extracted material dropped by two orders of magnitude from the control to the 5-Mrad specimens, however changes in Mw between the 5- and 8-Mrad specimens only varied by 30% similar in trend to mechanical property data. LS analysis showed a structural conformation change from a heavily branched network to a more linear conformation. Dynamic mechanical analysis exhibited increases in the peak height and breadth of the tan δ curve with radiation dose. These increases in damping are a result of chain scission which results in increased segmental motion caused by decreases in the degree of cross-linking within the polymer structure. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to probe the potential sites of radiation susceptibility within the PMI polymer structure and are discussed. The radiation susceptibility of this polymeric material should be properly evaluated when utilizing this material for space applications since end of life conditions may vary significantly from beginning of life mechanical and thermal behavior. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 134, 44670.
Analyzing performance asymmetric multicore processors for latency sensitive datacenter applications

The semiconductor industry is continuing to harness performance gains through Moore's Law by developing multicore chips. While thus far these architectures have incorporated symmetric computational components, asymmetric multicore processors (AMPs) have been proposed as a possible alternative to improve power efficiency. To quantify the tradeoffs and benefits of these designs, in this paper we perform an opportunity analysis of performance asymmetric multicore processors in the context of datacenter environments where applications have associated latency SLAs. Specifically, we define two use cases for asymmetric multicore chips, and adopt an analytical approach to quantify gains in power consumption over area equivalent symmetric multicore designs. Based upon our findings, we discuss the practical merits of performance asymmetric chips in datacenters, including the issues that must be addressed in order to realize the theoretical benefits.
Boundary Conditions for Diffusion-Mediated Processes within Linear Nanopores: Exact Treatment of Coupling to an Equilibrated External Fluid

We consider a variety of diffusion-mediated processes occurring within linear nanopores, but which involve coupling to an equilibrated external fluid through adsorption and desorption. By determining adsorption and desorption rates through a set of tailored simulations, and by exploiting a spatial Markov property of the models, we develop a formulation for performing efficient pore-only simulations of these processes. Coupling to the external fluid is described exactly through appropriate nontrivial boundary conditions at the pore openings. This formalism is applied to analyze the following: (i) tracer counter permeation (TCP) where different labeled particles adsorb into opposite ends of the pore and establish a nonequilibrium steady state; (ii) tracer exchange (TE) with exchange of differently labeled particles within and outside the pore; (iii) catalytic conversion reactions where a reactant in the external fluid adsorbs into the pore and converts to a product which may desorb. The TCP analysis also ge...
What does "The discovery of grounded theory" have to say to medical education?

Qualitative methods are now an accepted and widely used part of the repertoire of medical education research methods (Harris, 2002). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research (1967), by sociologists Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss, is the classic treatise that first outlined the canons for inquiry and research design, intended to generate theory, using qualitative methods. It remains, to this day, the preeminent conceptual framework for use of qualitative methods, in the post-positivist tradition, in social science and education research generally. And, it is among the most frequently cited references in qualitative studies of medical education – qualitative studies which have been conducted principally within the post-positivistic tradition, of seeking a type of rigor in research methods akin to the rigor achieved for quantitatively-oriented studies, done in the positivist scientific tradition. Its authors, with collaborators, have penned a number of incarnations and elaborations of the initial treatise (e.g., Strauss, 1987; Strauss and Corbin, 1998). It has spawned a rich literature of elaborations, providing specific guidelines for every aspect of qualitative research – strategies for inquiry and research design, specific data collection methods, analysis and interpretation of data, reporting of results, and standards for quality and rigor (e.g., Miles and Huberman, 1994; Sage Publishers qualitative methods series). Therefore, this text bears review and rereading, for the conceptual framework and insights it provides. In this paper, I will review the historical and conceptual context within which it became influential. I will review its fundamental thrusts and recommendations. I will make note of the influence it has had and discuss its ongoing relevance for our work. I will argue that a reading, or re-reading, of this classic work provides an antidote to the oft-expressed view that “Qualitative methods ... are typically used to do simple descriptive studies ‐ not analytic research ‐ that result in an interpretive report that consists of a thick, rich narrative description, usually of a subject’s intentions, meanings, values and beliefs” (Colliver and Verhulst, 1996). I will
The Influence of Sequence Length Distribution on the Linear Crystal Growth of Ethylene-Octene Copolymers

The regime theory, which describes linear crystal growth in flexible polymers, comprises of two separate processes. The first process is the deposition of secondary nuclei on the growth face occurring at a rate “i,” the second process being the subsequent growth along the face at the niches formed by the secondary nuclei, referred to as the rate of surface spreading, and denoted by the rate “g.” The relative rates of these two processes determine the regime at which the crystallization occurs. Studies of the cross-fractionated Ziegler–Natta ethylene–octene copolymers show clearly that the effect of copolymerization is to reduce the linear growth rate. When analyzed further, it is demonstrated that copolymerization reduces the rate of secondary nucleation in an exponential manner, while reducing the rate of surface spreading in a linear manner. The net result is a depression of the regime I–regime II and regime II–regime III transitions to lower temperatures by a few degrees. The effect of increasing molecular weight is to negate the effect of increasing copolymer content as far as the transition temperature is concerned, but also to reduce the linear growth rate.
Deriving multi-agent coordination through filtering strategies

We examine an approach to multi-agent coordination that builds on earlier work on enabling single agents to control their reasoning in dynamic environments. Specifically, we study a generalization of the filtering strategy. Where single-agent filtering means tending to bypass options that are incompatible with an agent's own goals, multi-agent filtering means tending to bypass options that are incompatible with other agents' known or presumed goals. We examine several versions of multi-agent filtering, which range from purely implicit to minimally explicit, and discuss the trade-offs among these. We also describe a series of experiments that demonstrate initial results about the feasibility of using multi-agent filtering to achieve coordination without explicit negotiation.
Milestones in the History of Polyhedra

Considering the fact that polyhedra have been studied for so long, it is rather surprising that there has been no exhaustive study of their history. But we are very lucky that the authors of four modern classics on the theory of polyhedra—Bruckner, Coxeter, Fejes-Toth and Grunbaum—were interested in historical information and provided detailed historical notes in their books. I propose to present an outline of the milestones in the history of the subject, putting together the thread of what happened as the theory developed. I will pay special attention to regularity concepts.
Critical hypersurfaces and the quantity space

Qualitative reasoning about physical processes is based on the notion of "quantity space" [Forbus, 1984a, 1984b]. The question is how to construct a quantity space for a particular physical process. One line of research is to establish a set of so called "landmark points" by selecting some values of the continuous physical parameters characterizing the physical process under consideration [Kuipers, 1985a, 1985b]. The landmark points are to delimit operating regions of qualitative processes. In most practical situations it is impossible to find a finite set of such points. This is because the operating regions of physical processes are delimited not by some specific values of physical parameters but by some hypersurfaces in the cross-product of the parameters, they are called here "critical hypersurfaces". The paper presents a relatively complete methodology for establishing critical hypersurfaces.
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections and Pregnancy

The occurrence of chlamydial infection during pregnancy is of added significance, since it may affect the fetus and newborn infant as well as the woman herself. Although cervical infection with Chlamydia trachomatis may not be associated with specific clinical signs in most women, ascending infection leading to salpingitis and perihepatitis has been well described [1, 2]. C. trachomatis is also transmitted to the infant during parturition, leading to the development of conjunctivitis and pneumonia [3-6].
Migrations and Diasporas. German Writers in Mexican Exile. Egon Erwin Kisch’s and Anna Seghers’ Promotion of Cross-Cultural Understanding

The journalist and popular travel writer, Egon Erwin Kisch, and the well-known novelist and short story writer Anna Seghers were among the many left wing and communist intellectuals for whom Mexico was a haven during the Hitler years. Kisch traveled extensively in Mexico, immersed himself in its history and culture and interpreted Mexico for the other German exiles. On her return from exile Seghers became an important mediator in the GDR of Mexican and South American culture and a strong voice for crosscultural understanding