cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
When Is a Diagnosis of Sclerosing Adenosis Acceptable at Core Biopsy

PURPOSE: To determine concordance of imaging findings and diagnosis of sclerosing adenosis at histopathologic core biopsy and to establish the accuracy of core biopsy when cancer was coexistent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From a database of 1,166 percutaneous biopsies in which sclerosing adenosis was reported, 88 (7.5%) lesions were identified, and imaging and histopathologic findings were reviewed for concordance. Sclerosing adenosis proved to be a minor component at core biopsy for 44 lesions, including one invasive ductal carcinoma, one ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), one focus of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and one atypical lobular hyperplasia. Sclerosing adenosis was a major (≥50%) component for 44 lesions, including four malignancies, all DCIS manifested as clustered calcifications (pleomorphic [n = 2] or amorphous [n = 2]), and seven foci of ADH manifested as amorphous calcifications. In 30 patients with 33 lesions without atypia or malignancy, sclerosing adenosis was the major finding at core ...
Global assessment of regulation of phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 by insulin in vivo in human muscle.

OBJECTIVE—Research has focused on insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 as a locus for insulin resistance. Tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 initiates insulin signaling, whereas serine/threonine phosphorylation alters the ability of IRS-1 to transduce the insulin signal. Of 1,242 amino acids in IRS-1, 242 are serine/threonine. Serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS-1 is affected by many factors, including insulin. The purpose of this study was to perform global assessment of phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues in IRS-1 in vivo in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In this study, we describe our use of capillary high-performance liquid chromotography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry to identify/quantify site-specific phosphorylation of IRS-1 in human vastus lateralis muscle obtained by needle biopsy basally and after insulin infusion in four healthy volunteers. RESULTS—Twenty-two serine/threonine phosphorylation sites were identified; 15 were quantified. Three sites had not been previously identified (Thr495, Ser527, and S1005). Insulin increased the phosphorylation of Ser312, Ser616, Ser636, Ser892, Ser1101, and Ser1223 (2.6 ± 0.4, 2.9 ± 0.8, 2.1 ± 0.3, 1.6 ± 0.1, 1.3 ± 0.1, and 1.3 ± 0.1–fold, respectively, compared with basal; P CONCLUSIONS—These results provide an assessment of IRS-1 phosphorylation in vivo and show that insulin has profound effects on IRS-1 serine/threonine phosphorylation in healthy humans.
Through the Eyes of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey... ...Probing Deeper into the Milky Way Galaxy

OR THE past six years, astronomers working with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) have been collecting the world’s largest database of calibrated photometry for galaxies and stars. This now comprises more than 200 million objects over 8,000 square degrees of the northern sky, as well as medium-resolution spectroscopy for over one million galaxies, quasars, and stars in the Milky Way. The original SDSS, now known as SDSS-I, formally came to an end in July 2005. Since that time this ever-growing collaboration, which now comprises some 25 universities and institutions worldwide, and involving more than 300 individual scientists, have continued their journey of discovery with the first extension of SDSS, known as SDSS-II. SDSS-II includes three separate mini-surveys — if one can imagine anything ‘mini’ about SDSS — which effectively split the available time on the ARC 2.5m telescope on Apache Point, New Mexico.
PartoPantsTM: The High-Fidelity, Low-Tech Birth Simulator

Abstract The purpose of this project was to create an inexpensive, universally accessible low-tech birth simulator for use in high-fidelity obstetric simulation learning. We adapted a pair of scrub pants to have a birth canal, perineum, urethra, rectum, symphysis pubis, and hemorrhage mechanism. PartoPants™ have been used in the United States and in Mexico for obstetrical emergency training, including eclampsia, hemorrhage, shoulder dystocia, breech birth, prolapsed cord, labor triage, and normal birth. PartoPants™ serve as a low-cost, low-tech birth simulator alternative that has been used successfully in high-fidelity obstetrical simulations.
Regulation of anthrax toxin activator gene (atxA) expression in Bacillus anthracis: Temperature, not CO2/bicarbonate, affects atxA synthesis

Anthrax toxin gene expression in Bacillus anthracis is dependent on the presence of atxA, a trans-acting regulatory gene located on the resident 185-kb plasmid pXO1. In atxA+ strains, expression of the toxin genes (pag, lef, and cya) is enhanced by two physiologically significant signals: elevated CO2/bicarbonate and temperature. To determine whether increased toxin gene expression in response to these signals is associated with increased atxA expression, we monitored steady-state levels of atxA mRNA and AtxA protein in cells cultured in different conditions. We purified histidine-tagged AtxA [AtxA(His)] from Escherichia coli and used anti-AtxA(His) serum to detect AtxA in protein preparations from B. anthracis cells. AtxA was identified as a protein with an apparent size of 56 kDa in cytoplasmic fractions of B. anthracis cells. Our data indicate that atxA expression is not influenced by CO2/bicarbonate levels. However, the steady-state level of atxA mRNA in cells grown in elevated CO2/bicarbonate at 37 degrees C is five- to sixfold higher than that observed in cells grown in the same conditions at 28 degrees C. A corresponding difference in AtxA protein was also seen at the different growth temperatures. When atxA was cloned on a multicopy plasmid in B. anthracis, AtxA levels corresponding to the atxA gene copy number were observed. However, this strain produced significantly less pag mRNA and protective antigen protein than the parental strain harboring atxA in single copy on pXO1. These results indicate that increased AtxA expression does not lead to a corresponding increase in pag expression. Our data strongly suggest that an additional factor(s) is involved in regulation of pag and that the relative amounts of such a factor(s) and AtxA are important for optimal toxin gene expression.
Developing a Scalable Model to Analyze Expanding Data Sets

Ioffer a workbook to teach the scalable analysis of expanding data sets. When analyzing data sets, function ranges are often statically defined. As a result, when new data are appended to the data set, the appended data are beyond the static ranges. This paper uses a basic time series regression analysis to show how to access data in expanding data sets and analyze data periods that expand and contract.
Transcriptional Analysis of the MrpJ Network: Modulation of Diverse Virulence-Associated Genes and Direct Regulation of mrp Fimbrial and flhDC Flagellar Operons in Proteus mirabilis

ABSTRACT The enteric bacterium Proteus mirabilis is associated with a significant number of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs). Strict regulation of the antagonistic processes of adhesion and motility, mediated by fimbriae and flagella, respectively, is essential for disease progression. Previously, the transcriptional regulator MrpJ, which is encoded by the mrp fimbrial operon, has been shown to repress both swimming and swarming motility. Here we show that MrpJ affects an array of cellular processes beyond adherence and motility. Microarray analysis found that expression of mrpJ mimicking levels observed during UTIs leads to differential expression of 217 genes related to, among other functions, bacterial virulence, type VI secretion, and metabolism. We probed the molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation by MrpJ using transcriptional reporters and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Binding of MrpJ to two virulence-associated target gene promoters, the promoters of the flagellar master regulator flhDC and mrp itself, appears to be affected by the condensation state of the native chromosome, although both targets share a direct MrpJ binding site proximal to the transcriptional start. Furthermore, an mrpJ deletion mutant colonized the bladders of mice at significantly lower levels in a transurethral model of infection. Additionally, we observed that mrpJ is widely conserved in a collection of recent clinical isolates. Altogether, these findings support a role of MrpJ as a global regulator of P. mirabilis virulence.
Second-order nonlinear optical effects in novel side-chain liquid crystalline polymers and monomers under bias of an applied dc electric field

Second-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of a series of newly synthesized liquid crystalline polymers and corresponding monomers were measured by using second-harmonic generation. A substituted stilbene moiety was selected as the main conjugated π-electronic structure, and systematic modifications were made at the site of the donor and in the conjugation path to compare the roles of various donors and charge-transferring linkages in the second-harmonic-generation process. The β values extracted from the measurements made on solutions and on thin films yielded similar values for the monomers and the corresponding polymers. The variations in β values are discussed in terms of molecular structural properties, charge-transferring power of the donors, and dispersion effect.
Modelling increased metal production in galaxy clusters with pair-instability supernovae

Galaxy clusters contain much more metal per star, typically 3 times as much, than is produced in normal galaxies. We set out to determine what changes are needed to the stellar mass function and supernovae rates to account for this excess metal. In particular, we vary the Type Ia supernovae rate, IMF slope, upper and lower mass cutoffs, and the merger rate of massive stars. We then use existing simulation results for metal production from AGB stars, Type Ia SNe and core-collapse SNe to calculate the total amount of each element produced per solar mass of star formation. For models with very massive stars, we also include metal production from pair-instability supernovae (PISNe). We find that including PISNe makes it much easier to increase the amount of metal produced per stellar mass. Therefore a separate population of high-mass stars is not needed to produce the high amounts of metal found in galaxy clusters. We also find that including at least some PISNe increases the abundance of intermediatemass elements relative to both oxygen and iron, consistent with observations of ICM abundances.
Individual Voice on the Shop Floor: The Role of Unions

It is commonly argued that unions regularize workplace conflict by substituting formal strikes and grievance procedures for informal forms of resistance. This transformation is interpreted as part of a trade-off under business unionism in which unions help discipline workers and keep them on the job in exchange for the right to bargain collectively in their name. Tests of this thesis have focused on the trades-off between collective voice and exit and have ignored the subtle forms of worker resistance that are central to the argument. The author tests the hypothesized trade-off between union voice and informal resistance by systematically analyzing evidence from the population of English language workplace ethnographies (N = 95). Craft and industrial unions increase organized conflict with management. Industrial unions reduce some aspects of informal resistance and some aspects of organizational loyalty. The majority of individual reactions to the workplace, however, are relatively uninfluenced by union presence. As unclaimed terrain, these individual reactions continue as a source of frustration for management and may represent an underutilized resource for unionization
Problems of resistant dermatophytes

Recalcitrant fungal infections are defined as infections that are difficult or impossible to eradicate despite seemingly adequate treatment with appropriate oral or parenteral antibiotics. Relative or absolute microbial resistance is only one of the many causes of recalcitrance. Others include failure of the patient to comply with the prescribed treatment regimen, drug degradation in the liver, drug-drug interactions, reabsorption or washout of the drug from the stratum corneum, and failure of the drug to reach the stratum corneum. Excretion in the eccrine sweat is the principal pathway by which griseofulvin and ketoconazole, the two currently available oral antifungal agents, are delivered to the stratum corneum. Measures that promote delivery of these drugs to this site by enhancing sweating and minimizing drug run-off and absorption onto clothing may aid in optimizing the therapeutic response to these agents.
The Lipalian Interval: A Forgotten, Novel Concept in the Geologic Column

Fieldwork of C. D. Walcott during his U.S. Geological Survey career may be artificially divided into two, intertwined segments, an earlier one concerned mainly with Paleozoic beds, but especially the Cambrian, and a later one involved mainly with strata below undoubted Cambrian rocks. Despite Walcott's diligent search, hardly any fossils were found in these older strata, and those discovered did not assist in biostratigraphy. Years later, when attempting to explain the issue of a diverse Cambrian fauna seemingly without any antecedents, Walcott developed a hypothesis to explain the absence of earlier fossils based on geological, rather than biological, features. He suggested that a widespread unconformity at the top of the Proterozoic represented an interval of time, the Lipalian, in which such an earlier fauna developed elsewhere, but was not recorded in any outcrop. The concept of naming a gap, to represent a major missing segment of geologic time, did not result in any comment from the geologic communi...
Fire effects on insect herbivores in an oak savanna: the role of light and nutrients

Environmental heterogeneity created by prescribed burning provided the context for testing whether the distribution of an oak specialist (the lace bug, Corythuca arcuata ) could be explained by stoichiometric mismatches between herbivore and host plant composition. 2. Field observations showed that lace bug density was seven-fold higher in frequently burned than in unburned units. 3. Lace bug density did not increase with leaf nutrient concentrations, but was instead associated with higher light levels, higher concentrations of leaf carbon (C), lignin and total phenolics, and lower levels of cellulose. In addition, lace bugs reared on high-light leaves had higher levels of survivorship than those fed on low-light leaves. 4. Sampling restricted to full-sun leaves was used to test whether fire-related changes in leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations have a secondary influence on lace bug success. This sampling provided only limited evidence for nutrient limitation, as decreases in leaf N and P were associated with an increase in lace bug mass but a decrease in density. 5. It is concluded that burning probably promotes lace bug population growth by increasing canopy openness, light penetration, and the availability of C-based metabolites, and thus simple stoichoimetric mismatches between herbivores and host plants are not of primary importance in this system.
Analysis of ventricular emptying and filling indexes during acute increases in arterial pressure.

Using equilibrium radionuclide angiography, an evaluation was made of the response of left ventricular ejection and filling rates at rest and during acute increases in afterload in 8 normal volunteer subjects and 10 patients with previous transmural myocardial infarctions. Using the postatropine point for comparison, normal patients increased ejection time and decreased peak ejection rate (−3.90 ± 0.49 vol/s to −3.41 ± 0.95 vol/s) and peak filling rate (3.94 ± 0.88 vol/s to 3.51 ± 0.38 vol/s). Infarct patients had similar responses, although all indexes were lower than the corresponding values in the normal subjects. At rest, the ratio of peak filling to emptying rate was similar in the normal subjects and the infarct patients (1.01 ± 0.24 versus 0.99 ± 0.25, respectively) and maintained that relationship after atropine (0.91 ± 0.11 versus 0.81 ± 0.21) and at the peak increase in arterial pressure (1.07 ± 0.21 versus 1.02 ± 0.32). The ratio of time to peak filling/time to peak emptying behaved in similar fashion regardless of the differences in the absolute values. In this study, left ventricular filling and emptying behaved in a similar fashion in response to the alteration in arterial pressure in normal subjects and in patients with previous myocardial infarctions.
What Is Science

We have not yet said what we mean by the term science, and indeed it has many definitions. For some, the term applies only to the “exact” sciences, such as physics, which are characterized by laws of great generality and scope from which numerically precise predictions can be made. Isaac Newton, for example, discovered a way of describing motion in a few simple mathematical equations which could be used to describe all the different forms of motion in the then-known universe—the motion of the planets around the sun, the fall of an apple, the tides and waves of the ocean, and the vibration of a violin string. These motions can be described with great precision; we would not be able to design satellites, send them into predictable orbits around the earth, and predict when they will fall back to the earth as well, without Newton’s Laws. If laws of great generality and accurate predictive power are taken as essential to what we define as science, then none of the social or behavioral sciences satisfies the criterion, nor for that matter do many branches of natural science, such as biology and geology. Such “laws” as have been found in psychology or sociology, unlike the laws of physics, are of very limited scope, are imprecise in prediction, and are often quite controversial within the field.
Multi-Period Production Planning and Control with Demand and Cost Fluctuations

we consider the production planning of a single product over a finite planning horizon. The latter is made up of time periods that may not necessarily be of the same length. In each time period, the product is subject to a constant demand and a finite production capacity. If demand is not satisfied immediately, it is backlogged. The cost rates of carrying inventory or backlogging a unit of the product may also vary from one time period to the next. The objective is to determine an optimal production plan for the product so as to minimize the total inventory and backlog costs incurred over the planning horizon. The problem is formulated as an optimal control problem. First, the optimal solution of the one-time-period problem is determined. Then, based on the one-time-period optimal solution, the optimal solution for the whole planning horizon is obtained by solving a nonlinear programming problem.
Microzonation of Metabolism Associated with Mitochondrial Distribution in Cells

The highly specialized structures and functions of differentiated cells require a large energy input that is provided mostly by oxidative phosphorylation. The volume occupied by mitochondria is variable in different cell types; in some it is relatively small, but in many cell types mitochondria occupy 15 to 30% of the total cell volume. Under some conditions this percentage may be in the range of 50% of the cell volume (Sidell, 1987). Obviously, for cells in which the primary mitochondrial function is ATP synthesis, there must be some upper limit because the ATP-consuming systems also must occupy some cellular volume.
Religious homogamy, race/ethnicity, and parents’ relationship stability

ABSTRACTMany studies have explored the link between religious homogamy and marital stability, but little is known about the role of religious homogamy within cohabiting unions. Using data on 2,019 couples from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, this study examined the influence of religious homogamy on the stability of marital and cohabiting relationships among parents as well as whether race/ethnicity moderated this relationship. Life-table estimates suggest that denominational homogamy and attendance homogamy were unrelated to marital stability, but denominational homogamy was positively associated with the stability of cohabiting unions. Results also suggest that frequent attendance at religious services by both partners was more likely to contribute to relationship stability among Hispanic cohabiters than cohabiters from other racial/ethnic groups. Overall, this study suggests that the relationship between religious homogamy and relationship stability may vary by race/ethnicity and union ...
Technology evaluation of robotics technology in power industry

The electric power utilities as important social infrastructures should be operated stably without any failure in supply of electricity. For stable operation, it is necessary to input huge amount of resource and investment throughout power generation, transmission and distribution facilities. Particularly, constant inspection and maintenance of the facilities requires highly skilled manpower and advanced technologies. In spite of endless efforts, the electric power industry is facing serious challenges from social, economic and environmental problems. In this regard, a number of robotic systems have been tested and applied for inspection and maintenance in nuclear power plants and high voltage power transmission lines. The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) which conducts research, development and demonstration (RD&D) relating to the generation, delivery and use of electricity for the benefit of the public has also required efficient technology management in providing a blue print of robotics technologies in electric power sector for the future. The organization wants to centralize the R&D capability of robotics technologies which are dispersed by each division in order to prevent duplicated investments and manage its R&D capability effectively. This research is a step towards assessing the current robotics technology being used in the power industry and identifying the technologies that would benefit the industry most by using the Technology Development Envelop (TDE) approach.
Imagining the Essay as Digital Assemblage: Collaborative Student Experiments with Writing in Scalar

This essay describes a digital, collaboratively designed and interconnected series of essays that were the final project for a first-year class in media and anthropology. These essays were composed using a digital, publically accessible, scholarly publishing platform that allows students to experiment architecturally with arguing related ideas through non-linear text. The result is an intricate, flexible pathway of pages. The assignment is informed by, and attempts to experimentally enact, Felix Guattari's concept of the assemblage, emphasizing movement and process of argument and evidence over static, reified trajectories of traditional essay composition. By examining the periphery of their own ideas, students encounter the interpretations of their classmates and discover alternate readings of key themes, which they can then fold into their own writing networks, ultimately creating a textual flow which challenges the singularity of the author and the boundaries of disciplinary thinking.
Abstract SY32-04: About Chomsky, patterns, and noncoding RNAs cancer therapeutics

Resistance to therapy is an important issue in the treatment of cancer, responsible for many cancer-related deaths. Despites decades of research into overcoming this resistance, only modest advances have been made and the resistance mechanisms remain poorly understood. Although to date the most studied noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are miRNAs, the importance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer is increasingly being recognized. Here we summarize the roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in cancer, with a focus on the recently identified novel mechanisms of action, and discuss the current strategies in designing ncRNA-targeting therapeutics, as well as the associated challenges. We are further presenting a novel strategy to identify new therapeutic ncRNA targets by using Chomsky-type grammars based on combinatorial use of coding and noncoding RNAs. Citation Format: George A. Calin. About Chomsky, patterns, and noncoding RNAs cancer therapeutics [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr SY32-04. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-SY32-04
A systematic review of immunosuppressant adherence interventions in transplant recipients: Decoding the streetlight effect

Non-adherence to immunosuppressant medications is an important risk factor for graft dysfunction. To evaluate the effectiveness of adherence-enhancing interventions, we reviewed adherence intervention studies in solid organ transplant recipients (all ages). Using the following databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, we identified 41 eligible studies. Only three non-randomized trials showed a possible positive effect on objective indicators of transplant outcomes (such as rejection, liver enzyme levels, kidney function). None of the 21 RCTs showed an improvement in transplant outcomes. Three studies showed a higher rate of adverse events in the intervention group as compared with controls, although this may be related to ascertainment bias. Improvement in adherence as measured indirectly (eg, with electronic monitoring devices) was not aligned with effects on transplant outcomes. We conclude that adherence interventions, to date, have largely been ineffective in improving transplant outcomes. To improve this track record, intervention efforts may wish to concentrate on non-adherent patients (rather than use convenience sampling, which excludes many of the patients who need the intervention), use direct measures of adherence to guide the interventions, and employ strategies that are intensive and yet engaging enough to ensure that non-adherent patients are able to participate.
Domestic Violence/Intimate Partner Violence/Wife Battering

Violence between intimate partners is a universal phenomenon. It reflects patriarchal social orders that exist everywhere, but are stronger in developing countries. Feminists and women’s rights advocates have received global support for their attempts to eliminate violence against women. But anti-woman cultural practices flourish in many countries and immigrant women from those cultures are especially vulnerable. Even immigration law puts them at a disadvantage. Mail order brides are at high risk of violence and death.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor responses in KIT-mutated metastatic melanoma.

199Background: KIT-mutated MM is a rare melanoma entity. Response rates of KIT-mutated MM to anti CTLA-4 and anti PD-1 have not previously been reported. Methods: A single-institution retrospective review identified patients (pts) with KIT-mutated MM treated with at least two doses of anti CTLA-4 or anti PD-1 between 2008-2017 with response determined by immune-related response criteria (irRC). Overall survival (OS) was from ICI start to death or last follow-up date, and progression-free-survival (PFS) was from ICI start to date of progression or death if pts deceased without disease progression. Results: Thirty-five pts treated with ipilimumab were identified. Median follow-up was 63.7 months. Median age at MM diagnosis was 65.4 years (range 26-81) and 54.3% were male. Subtypes were 51.4% mucosal, 22.9% acral-lentiginous, 22.9% cutaneous, and 2.9% unknown primary. KIT mutations were 57.1% exon 11, 25.7% exon 17, 11.4% exon 13, and 5.7% exon 2. Anatomical M stage at treatment initiation was 11.4% M1a, 34....
A window to the true self: The importance of I-sharing in romantic relationships:

This article examines the importance of I-sharing within romantic relationships. Results from four independent samples indicate that perceived frequency of I-sharing with one’s romantic partner pre...
Digital Computer Control of Communication Networks

Abstract This paper uses the theory of hierarchical control to arrive at routing algorithms for messages in computer communication networks, some aspects of implementation are also considered.
THE ROLE OF BRONCHOSCOPY IN LUNG CANCER

Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is the most useful invasive technique for diagnosing lung cancer. This article details the use and efficacy of bronchoscopy with such established techniques as forceps biopsy, brush biopsy, and bronchial washing in the diagnosis and staging of bronchoscopically visible central lung cancer and peripheral lung cancer. The efficacy of such newer techniques as transbronchial needle aspiration, transbronchial curettage, ultrathin fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and quantitation of tumor markers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid is also discussed, along with the complications of bronchoscopy and new techniques for detecting early lung cancer.
Regulations and Guidelines for Animal Care: Problems and Future Concerns

A major objective of biomedical research is to improve conditions for both humans and animals. The present quality of life, including relative freedom from disease, agricultural productivity, and ability to apply new technologies in biology and medicine, is the result of continuous research and development programs that are based on scientific creativity and the search for new knowledge. Animal models are fundamental to this biomedical research. Animals are used to define the mechanisms of a complex biological system. This definition of biological mechanisms and how these mechanisms may be repaired when they are faulty, enhanced when they are weak, or turned off when they are overactive is central to progress toward a better quality of life. Both animals and humans are beneficiaries of this new knowledge. This book contains numerous ways creative scientists improve their methods and control experiments to screen out variables such as stress or disease to probe further into biological mechanisms.
Non-Invasive Assessment of Prosthetic Mitral Valve Function

21 patients with Beall (disc) mitral valves were studied by echocardiography and phonocardiography. In thirteen patients prosthetic function was clinically normal (N), while in eight patients there was clinical reason to suspect valve abnormality (ABN): e.g. prosthetic gradient of 12 mm Hg or greater, prosthetic valve endocarditis, or prosthetic regurgitation. Echo disc velocities were measured as the slope of the opening and closing disc movements with the transducer in the standard mitral position.
Small World VoIP

We present the analysis and design of a Small World VoIP system (SW-VoIP) which is geared towards customers that are communicating with their Small World of social contacts. We use the term Small World to refer to the Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network of a client and his contacts both incoming and outbound. We reconstruct the small world of a user by collecting calling patterns over a configurable period of time. We enable user mobility by using a stepwise social identity to an IP address binding propagation model. We propose an efficient algorithm to locate users by electing popular users and leveraging the users closeness. We also introduce a self-stabilized load balancing mechanism to optimize the system performance under heavy network traffic. We evaluate our SW-VoIP system performance by simulating the user’s lookup process using real-world telephone logs. Our experimental results show that our SW-VoIP system offers a better performance in optimizing the required routing path and reducing the average lookup delay when compared to traditional, non small-world P2P VoIP systems.
Development of a Brief Parent-Report Screen for Common Gastrointestinal Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is common and associated with problem behaviors. This study describes the development of a brief, parent-report screen that relies minimally upon the child’s ability to report or localize pain for identifying children with ASD at risk for one of three common gastrointestinal disorders (functional constipation, functional diarrhea, and gastroesophageal reflux disease). In a clinical sample of children with ASD, this 17-item screen identified children having one or more of these disorders with a sensitivity of 84%, specificity of 43%, and a positive predictive value of 67%. If found to be valid in an independent sample of children with ASD, the screen will be useful in both clinical practice and research.
EXPLAINING VARIATION IN US COUNTY-LEVEL OBESITY PREVALENCE

Obesity is a leading cause of high healthcare expenditures, disability, and premature mortality. Studies have reported geographic disparities in obesity prevalence. This study identifies county level factors associated with obesity prevalence using epidemiological and machine learning (ML) methods
The amazing story of how ‘Women’ conquer it all? The production of gender scripts in the Chilean curricular documents of history and social studies

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Sensor fusion of structural finite element model with inertial sensor data to measure wing deflection of a fixed wing aircraft

© 2020 Author. Open access. If the statement reads “Copyright © by “the author …” or by “a university or other corporate entity … ,” then AIAA does not hold copyright, and you must seek permission to reprint from the copyright owner. In the case of a U.S. government–sponsored work, where the work is “not subject to copyright protection in the United States,” then the material is in the public domain and can be reused without permission within the United States so long as the original source is acknowledged and fully cited.
AdS6/CFT5 with O7-planes

Type IIB AdS6 solutions with orientifold 7-planes are constructed. The geometry is a warped product of AdS6 and S2 over a Riemann surface Σ and the O7-planes correspond to a particular type of puncture on Σ. The solutions are identified as near- horizon limits of (p, q) 5-brane webs with O7-planes. The dual 5d SCFTs have relevant deformations to linear quiver gauge theories which have SO(·) or USp(·) nodes or SU(·) nodes with hypermultiplets in symmetric or antisymmetric representations, in addition to SU(·) nodes with fundamental hypermultiplets. The S5 free energies are obtained holographically and matched to field theory computations using supersymmetric localization to support the proposed dualities.
Relatively Easy Criteria for Success Enhances Motor Learning by Altering Perceived Competence.

The purpose of this study was to examine whether enhancing success expectation by providing relatively easy criteria for success would, in turn, enhance motor learning outcomes. Thirty university s...
Symptom Clusters Predict Risk of Metabolic-Syndrome and Diabetes in Midlife: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

Abstract Purpose. Women's cardio-metabolic risk increases in midlife. Previous work relating menopause symptoms to diabetes/Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) does not consider the adverse impact of multiple concurrent physical and psychological symptoms in midlife. Methods. Data are from 3097 participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a cohort of midlife women followed for over 20 years. Baseline latent symptom classes (LSC) were derived from 58 questions assessing physical, psychological and menopausal symptoms. Six identified LSCs ranged from 1 (most symptoms present at high severity) to 6 (few symptoms present at low severity). Accelerated failure time models estimated time to onset of type 2 diabetes and MetS for each LSC. Results. Women with multiple high/moderate severity symptoms had an earlier onset of diabetes (13.2%, 14.1% and 20.8% earlier onset in LSCs 1, 2, 3, respectively) and MetS (15.5%, 13.0% and 19.7% earlier onset in LSCs 1, 2, 3, respectively) than women with few/low severity symptoms. Conclusions. Having multiple concurrent moderate to high intensity physical and psychological symptoms in midlife are associated with early onset of diabetes and MetS. Monitoring and subsequent intervention on a broad range of symptoms in midlife may significantly mitigate cardio-metabolic risk during this critical life stage.
Prospective Association between Dysmenorrhea and Chronic Pain Development in Community-Dwelling Women.

Abstract Despite emerging evidence of associations between dysmenorrhea, enhanced pain sensitivity, and functional neuroimaging patterns consistent with chronic pain, it is unknown whether dysmenorrhea is prospectively associated with chronic pain development. Gaining a better understanding of this relationship could inform efforts in prevention of chronic pain. Using data from the national Midlife in the United States cohort, we examined the prospective association between dysmenorrhea and chronic pain development during a 10-year follow-up (starting 10 years after dysmenorrhea was measured) among 874 community-dwelling women aged 25-74 at baseline (when dysmenorrhea was measured). We fit modified Poisson regression models adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors. Among women who were menstruating at baseline, self-reported dysmenorrhea was associated with a 41% greater (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6%-88%) risk of developing chronic pain. Women with dysmenorrhea also developed chronic pain in more body regions (≥3 regions vs 1-2 regions vs none, odds ratio [OR] = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.18-2.64) and experienced greater pain interference (high-interference vs low-interference vs none, OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.15-2.59). Among women who had stopped menstruation at baseline, we did not find evidence of an association between their history of dysmenorrhea and subsequent risk of chronic pain development. Results suggest dysmenorrhea may be a general risk factor for chronic pain development among menstruating women. Perspective This study supports the temporality of dysmenorrhea and chronic pain development in a national female sample. Dysmenorrhea was also associated with developing more widespread and disabling pain among women who were still menstruating. Early management of dysmenorrhea may reduce the development and severity of chronic pain in women, although further research is required to determine whether dysmenorrhea is a causal risk factor or a risk marker of chronic pain.
Fluoroscopy-Guided Suture Anchor Placement Yields Excellent Accuracy for Arthroscopic Acetabular Labral Repair: A Cadaveric Study.

Purpose To determine the accuracy of fluoroscopy-guided suture anchor placement for arthroscopic acetabular labral repair in cadaveric hip specimens. Methods Two sports medicine fellowship–trained surgeons performed arthroscopic hip surgery on 6 cadaveric specimens each. Suture anchors were placed at the 11-, 12-, 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-o’clock positions of the acetabulum in each specimen using a previously described fluoroscopically guided technique. Gross dissection and thin-cut computed tomography scans were performed to assess for accuracy. The insertion angle between the subchondral bone and the drill bit immediately prior to suture anchor insertion was measured, and fluoroscopic visualization of the subchondral bone at each clock-face position was qualitatively graded as good, fair, or poor by 2 independent reviewers. Results Overall, 90.3% of attempts (65 of 72) were entirely intraosseous, 5.5% (4 of 72) perforated the articular cartilage, and 4.2% (3 of 72) perforated the far cortex, rates that are comparable with those in previous cadaveric studies. There was no statistically significant difference in accuracy between the surgeons (P = .42) or between the various clock-face positions (P = .63). Neither the insertion angle (P = .26) nor visualization of the subchondral bone (P = .35) was significantly correlated with accuracy by gross dissection. Conclusions In a cadaveric hip arthroscopy model, fluoroscopy-guided suture anchor placement yields excellent accuracy rates, similar to non–image-guided techniques. Clinical Relevance Intra-articular suture anchor placement and intrapelvic suture anchor placement are known complications of arthroscopic acetabular labral repair. Fluoroscopically guided suture anchor placement can be a useful tool for hip arthroscopy surgeons performing acetabular labral repair and reconstruction, potentially reducing the risk of these complications.
Ad Hoc Approximations Within Quantal Density Functional Theory

In quantum mechanics, one chooses the level of approximation in terms of electron correlations by the ad hoc choice of approximate wave function. For example, in the Hartree approximation [1] (see also QDFT), one chooses a wave function that is a product of single-particle spin-orbitals. The Hartree wave function does not obey the Pauli exclusion principle, as it is not antisymmetric in an interchange of the coordinates of the electrons including its spin coordinate. Thus, electron correlations due to the Pauli principle are ignored in this choice of wave function. (In calculations performed within the Hartree approximation [2], one incorporates the Pauli exclusion principle in an ad hoc manner by ensuring that no two electrons occupy the same state.) The Hartree wave function also ignores Coulomb correlations between the electrons: there are no terms, for example, involving the inter-electronic separation in the wave function. Hence, Hartree theory is said to be an independent particle approximation. The best orbitals for this product wave function in terms of the energy, are then obtained by application of the variational principle for the energy [3] leading to the Hartree equations. The energy obtained is then a rigorous upper bound to the true nonrelativistic value. It is interesting to note that this independent particle model leads to various properties that are obtained accurately. For example, atomic shell structure throughout the Periodic Table is exhibited [4] via Hartree theory, with highly accurate core-valence separations. The Sommerfeld–Hartree model of a simple metal [5], which is an example of a noninteracting uniform electron gas, also reproduces accurately experimental properties such as the electronic specific heat at low temperatures. On the other hand, as no electron correlations are accounted for in the theory, the Sommerfeld–Hartree model does not allow for cohesion in the jellium approximation of metals.
DNA Fractal Binding and Dissociation Kinetics

Values of the fractal dimensions and the rate coefficient values for the association (binding), as well as the dissociation phase, are obtained for the binding of oligonucleotide in solution to biotinylated immobilized single stranded (SS) DNA (ssDNA) molecular beacon on a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor, binding of plasmid DNA in solution to thiolated and non-thiolated poly(L-lisine) immobilized on a SPR biosensor surface, binding of ligand-modulated estrogen receptor kinetics, and for the binding (cooperative) of human 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 receptor to DNA with the 9- cis -retinoic acid receptor. This predictive approach is of considerable value in the design of biosensor experiments. More such studies are required to determine whether the binding and the dissociation rate coefficient are sensitive to their respective fractal dimensions or the degree of heterogeneity that exist on the biosensor surface.
Mathematical modeling with spreadsheets

The electronic spreadsheet, most often thought of as a tool for business and economics, is being applied increasingly for modeling, teaching, and problem solving in a much wider range of disciplines. This article will illustrate how a spreadsheet can be a creative tool for both mathematics and mathematical modeling. A spreadsheet’s concrete matrix format allows us to construct our mathematical models and algorithms on a computer in essentially the same natural manner that we do “by hand.” Moreover, spreadsheets provide us with an easy way to interact with our models, allowing us to see quickly and visually the effects of changes in parameters or hypotheses.
Chemical Constituents and Hydrogenase Binding in Cell Envelopes of Vibrio succinogenes

The particulate hydrogenase of Vibrio succinogenes is solubilized during treatment of cell envelopes at pH 11.0. Alkali-solubilized enzyme requires sulfhydryl compounds for activity. At neutral pH, soluble enzyme is reincorporated into alkalitreated cell envelopes and no longer requires an additional activator. In the present study, cell envelopes prepared by lysing cells with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plus lysozyme (EDTA-lysozyme) were used to determine the chemical composition of cell envelopes and derived pH 11.0 soluble and insoluble fractions and to investigate some properties of the binding and activation of alkali-solubilized hydrogenase. Lysis with EDTA-lysozyme resulted in the formation of spheroplast ghosts. The derived cell envelopes contained 61% protein, 3% ash, 23% lipid, and 1% phosphorus. The alkali-treated cell envelopes contained 50% protein, 2% ash, 24% lipid, and 1% phosphorus. The ash from cell envelopes and alkali-treated cell envelopes was rich in iron and phosphorus and also contained calcium, copper, magnesium, sodium, and zinc. Virtually all of the weight of the ashed samples was accounted for by the oxides of these metals. Since the reconstitution of particulate hydrogenase was achieved with pH 11.0 supernatant solution and precipitate, intact mucopeptide is not essential for hydrogenase binding. Release of hydrogenase during EDTA-lysozyme lysis was found to depend upon an apparent structural change which occurs in the membranes during extended storage at −20 C.