cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Antimetabolite Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is a deadly and aggressive disease. Less than 1% of diagnosed patients survive 5 years with an average survival time of only 4-8 months. The only option for metastatic pancreatic cancer is chemotherapy where only the antimetabolites gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil are used clinically. Unfortunately, efforts to improve chemotherapy regimens by combining, 5-fluorouracil or gemcitabine with other drugs, such as cisplatin or oxaliplatin, have not increased cell killing or improved patient survival. The novel antimetabolite zebularine shows promise, inducing apoptosis and arresting cellular growth in various pancreatic cancer cell lines. However, resistance to these antimetabolites remains a problem highlighting the need to discover and develop new antimetabolites that will improve a patient’s overall survival.
The Great Feud: Scriptural History and Strife in Beowulf

Dorothy Whitelock describes family and national feuds in Beowulf as “sub-plots” to the monster fights. But the theme of feud history is more complex than that. There are the Scandinavian fights, some of them perceived and all relevant within the heroic world of the story, and the Great Feud of sacred history, associated in its beginnings with the monster fights in Denmark and in its end with the dragon fight in Geatland. This cosmic feud, introduced in the “scripturizing” passages of the poem, is not perceived within the world of the story. By distinguishing between the kind of knowledge available in that world and the kind available to his audience, the poet foregrounds the theme of the Great Feud and aligns the noble pagans of the poem with God, thereby “redeeming” the cultural identity of an audience for whom the Scandinavian matter of Beowulf is ancestral lore.
Delayed Replication of Marek's Disease Virus Following in ovo Inoculation During Late Stages of Embryonal Development

Several oncogenic and non-oncogenic isolates of Marek's disease virus (MDV) were inoculated into embryonated eggs on embryonation day (ED) 16 to 18, and embryos or chicks hatching from inoculated eggs were examined for infectious virus and viral internal antigen (VIA) in lymphoid organs. There was no evidence of extensive replication of MDV in any of the embryonic tissues examined. Levels of VIA peaked 4-5 days after chicks hatched. This indicated that MDV remained inactive during embryonation and did not initiate pathogenic events until chicks hatched. Because HVT replicated rapidly in the embryo but MDV did not, in ovo inoculation of HVT simultaneously with oncogenic MDV or several days after MDV resulted in significant protection (P less than 0.025) of hatched chicks against Marek's disease (MD). Little protection was obtained if HVT was given simultaneously with MDV or after MDV to chicks already hatched. The relative susceptibility of the embryo to extensive replication of the vaccine virus but not the challenge virus apparently accounted for protection against MD in chicks hatching from dually infected eggs.
Facing the Life directly without Humbling and Yielding—On the image of abandoned lady in《Masculine Lady》

The Book of Songs' Masculine Lady is an earlier poem about abandoned lady. The poem de-scribed the abandoned lady in practical life in the development of the plot of story and in the description ofcontrast and conflict between the abandoned lady. The system of authority of the husband in which the manis the center of family and society is fiercely attacked and criticized by means of creating an image of womanwith strong revolting character, which shows deepgoing significance of idea and higher literature value.
How important is it to consider target properties and hematocrit in bloodstain pattern analysis

Trajectory reconstruction from inspection of bloodstain patterns is relevant to crime scene investigation. While the influence of target properties on trajectory reconstruction has been often qualitatively discussed, it has rarely been quantified. Similarly, a few impact studies measure the viscosity of the blood used in impact experiments. In this work, the impact of blood drops is investigated on targets with a range of surface roughness and surface material. The maximum spreading is characterized using a spreading correlation, which relates the ratio of stain diameter to drop diameter with the non-dimensional numbers Reynolds number and Ohnesorge number. The process for obtaining individual spreading correlations for each of the target substrates and for measuring the viscosity of the respective blood samples is described extensively. The error in estimating the drop release height, associated with using an impact correlation unspecific to the target of interest, is estimated analytically and numerically using experimental data. A similar analysis is done when the hematocrit of the blood is assumed rather than measured. Both assumptions lead to significant errors in estimating the release height of a blood droplet.
Diminished KCC2 confounds synapse specificity of LTP during senescence

The synapse specificity of long-term potentiation (LTP) ensures that no interference arises from inputs irrelevant to the memory to be encoded. In hippocampi of aged (21-28 months) mice, LTP was relayed to unstimulated synapses, blemishing its synapse specificity. Diminished levels of the K(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter KCC2 and a depolarizing GABAA receptor-mediated synaptic component following LTP were the most likely causes for the spreading of potentiation, unveiling mechanisms hindering information storage in the aged brain and identifying KCC2 as a potential target for intervention.
An ultra-compact folded inductor based mm-wave rat-race coupler in CMOS

This paper presents the design scheme of a fully integrated folded inductor based mm-wave rat-race coupler within only one inductor footprint. The detailed circuit analysis and design equations are presented. A proof-of-concept design example at 70 GHz is implemented in a 130nm CMOS process. Compared with other reported rat-race couplers at 60–70GHz, the proposed design achieves a more than 3× size reduction and occupies a core chip area of only 0.037mm2. Based on the measurements, the proposed rat-race coupler design achieves an insertion loss of 4.1dB, i.e., an additional passive loss of 1.1dB at 70GHz, and the return loss is better than 15dB with 22GHz bandwidth (31.4%). The phase difference is within 180°±5° from 62GHz to 78GHz, and the amplitude mismatch is within 1dB from 67GHz to 81GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a folded inductor based rat-race coupler.
Pharmacotherapeutic Advances in the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia in Adults

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in adults is a challenging malignancy in that many patients will show evidence of initial chemotherapy responsiveness but will subsequently relapse. The disease is heterogeneous and outcomes vary dramatically depending on the prognostic factors present in an individual patient. An important determinant of outcome is the age of the patient. The stunning success of therapy in paediatric ALL has led to the use of intensive paediatric regimens in adolescents and young adults with what appear to be improved outcomes. For patients who relapse or have high-risk features, blood and marrow transplantation (BMT) continues to play an important role in the therapeutic armamentarium. The use of reduced-intensity conditioning regimens for allogeneic BMT suggests that outcomes may be improved by this approach. Monoclonal antibodies are showing benefit as single agents in the relapsed setting or in combination with chemotherapy in newly diagnosed patients. In recent years, several new chemotherapeutic agents have shown promise as single agents and are being incorporated into multi-agent chemotherapy. The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukaemias has significantly improved outcomes. The molecular revolution has led to the identification of new aberrant molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of ALL, and drugs targeting these aberrancies are in various stages of development preclinically and clinically. These developments bring the hope that therapeutic outcomes in adult ALL can begin to approach those seen in the paediatric setting.
Behavioral simulator of analog-to-digital converters for telecommunication applications

This work presents a new behavioral simulator capable of modeling various types of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Behavior of basic building modules (BBMs) of ADCs, such as for example sample-and-hold, and comparators is encapsulated in dynamic linked libraries (DLLs). Predefined behavioral models of BBMs and a netlist describing connections between them are used to form a behavioral representation of simulated ADC. As an example of BBM, a behavioral model of comparator module is presented. An 8-bit multi-stage ADC is used to demonstrate simulation process.
A Multi-Center, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Unilateral Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Essential Tremor (S27.004)

Objective: To determine efficacy and safety of unilateral focused ultrasound thalamotomy for refractory essential tremor Background: Recent advances in ultrasound transducer technology allow ultrasound to be transmitted with precision through the human skull. Early pilot studies suggest that MR guided focused ultrasound can be used to create successful VIM thalamic ablations in patients with essential tremor. Methods: Seventy-six patients with severe, medication-refractory essential tremor were randomized 3:1 to receive a unilateral focused ultrasound thalamotomy or a sham procedure. Tremor was rated 3 months post-operatively by blinded randomized videotapes rated at a central site. Additional quality of life measures were obtained at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Safety was determined by monitoring adverse events throughout the study period. Results: Contralateral hand tremor in the ultrasound group, the primary endpoint improved 49[percnt] at 3 months (18.09 +4.81 to 9.55 + 5.06, p<0.001) compared to no change in sham procedures (16.00 + 4.42 to 15.75 + 4.90). The effect was maintained at one year (10.89+4.86). Functional measures of disability (p<0.001) and quality of life (p<0.001) reported by the patients were statistically improved compared to the sham cohort. There were only two serious adverse events reported in the treatment group: persistent sensory loss from the thalamotomy procedure and an unrelated TIA. Conclusion: High intensity focused ultrasound can be delivered through the intact skull to make precise ablations deep in the brain. MR guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy improves hand tremor in ET and was well tolerated. Both efficacy and adverse event profile compare favorably to deep brain stimulation. Additional studies will be need to determine the long term durability of the treatment. Disclosure: Dr. Ondo has received personal compensation for activities with Teva, Ipsen, UCB, Merz, and Lundbeck as a speaker and consultant. Dr. Elias has nothing to disclose.
A review of acute postoperative sialadenitis in children

Abstract Objective Acute postoperative sialadenitis is a previously described rare entity that has occurred following general anesthesia and has also been associated with prolonged neurosurgical procedures. We aim to better characterize this entity while performing a literature review regarding potential etiologies, diagnosis, airway management and treatment options. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed at a pediatric tertiary care center from 2000 to 2014. Charts were selected for the study utilizing an ICD-9 diagnosis of sialadenitis occurring within two weeks of a surgical procedure. Data including age, gender, medical history, preoperative diagnosis, operation length, time to symptom onset, and subsequent management were collected. An additional literature review was performed focusing on reports of post-operative acute sialadenitis involving airway compromise. Result 244 charts were reviewed and 4 patients met inclusion criteria. The average time to symptom onset was 4.3 days (range 1 h–12 days) following conclusion of the surgical procedure. Symptoms ranged from mild inflammation of the parotid gland to rapid swelling of the neck necessitating intubation. All patients were treated with standard sialadenitis treatment including hydration, antibiotics, and airway management as needed. Conclusion To our knowledge this is the first case series reviewing this entity specifically within the pediatric population. There appears to be two distinct categories of postoperative sialadenitis; one of which presents very acutely and results in massive neck swelling and airway compromise. It is important for practicing Otolaryngologists to be aware of this potentially life-threatening complication in the immediate postoperative period.
Antibiotic Concentrations in Human Interstitial Fluid

Serum concentrations of antibiotics have been used as a clinical guide to adequacy of therapy. However, these values do not necessarily reflect the antimicrobial activities outisde the vascular compartment. Levels of antimicrobial agents in some extravascular fluids such as aqueous humor, synovial fluids, cerebrospinal fluid and saliva, have been reported. However, these may not represent the actual interstitial fluid activities because of the specialized nature of the membranes and secretory mechanisms of the tissues involved.
The growth and composition of natural stands of birch

Sample trees up to 55 years of age from nine natural woodlands of birch at Holme Fen Nature Reserve were analysed for sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Data are given of the amounts of these elements in the leaves, branches, boles, and in some cases of roots for the sample trees and the stock of the tree stands. The average annual uptake of nutrients and the return of nutrients to the soil as the woodlands mature are estimated.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques in CIPS (CIMS) for Mining, Mineral and Metal Processing: A Review and Future Direction

Abstract The automation in mining, mineral and metal processing is evolving toward the computer integrated production syste (CIPS) just as CIMS denoted by the manufacture. CIPS is a large scale, complex, time varrying, real time and man machine system is general. Any single knowledge domain can not solve it completely. Therefore, the combination of traditional approach and knowledge engineering is a naturally effective way to improve the performance due to make uo each other's deficiencies. the enginering applications if A1 to CIPS involve direct control, supervision, interpretation, diagnosis, scheduling, planning and design in the scope of CIPS functionality. However, since the system science and A1 were developed seperately for a long time, the pioneering knowledge-based systems are not suitable completely for applications to CIPS or CIMS in real world. so, the A1 knowledge engineerring should be further developed to meet the advanced requirements. the major issues among the advanced A1 techniques suitable for solving CIPS's problems are knowledge object, object model, real time A1, knowledge parallel processing, hybrid knowledge representation, neural network(NN) AND synergism of NN, ES AND Fuzzy control, which will be intoduced in the last parts of this paper. they emphasize on the recent applications either in CIPS or in CIMS for sharing the knowledge.
NavBot: the navigational search-and-rescue robot

The Stony Brook Robot Design Team has focused on two main areas of research in the creation of NavBot, our new robot created for the American Association of Artificial Intelligence's (AAAI) Scavenger Hunt Event: navigation and computer vision. The purpose is to create an intelligent machine that is able to navigate the conference floor for specific objects at the AAAI Conference in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. To achieve the desirable speeds required in a rescue robot, NavBot utilizes high-rpm servo motors with a manually adjustable gear train. The two 12V servo motors enhance the maneuverability of the robot by providing minor adjustments in the robot's speed as it navigates an area. The manually adjustable gear trains allow NavBot to function in different environments. This is achieved by controlling the force and the speed required for maneuverability in the terrain. NavBot also utilizes a dual-track motion system to handle rough terrain. To enhance the power of NavBot, it was designed with a light aluminum skeleton. In addition to the large space provided for necessary electrical and computer equipment, the skeleton serves as a secure casing that prevent, damage to vital parts.
Religious and Paranormal Experiences as Evidence for Purgatory

In debates concerning the existence of Purgatory, four main types of argument have been employed: (1) philosophical arguments (e.g., reason tells us there must be an opportunity after death to make satisfaction for unrecompensed sins and/or to make further moral progress before attaining Heaven); (2) Biblical arguments (attempts to show a scriptural foundation for the doctrine); (3) tradition-based arguments (attempts to show that the doctrine was upheld in the early Church); and (4) arguments from religious and paranormal experiences (attempts to show that there is direct and/or indirect experiential evidence for the reality of Purgatory). Recent debates have focused on the first three types of argument. However, the fourth category has played a prominent role historically, and may be worth another look. To that end, I first supply a taxonomy of types of experiential evidences that have been offered for the reality of Purgatory. I then engage in a brief (and very much preliminary) evaluation of their respective evidential weights.
Phase Behavior of Methane–Ethane Mixtures in Nanopores

The behavior of fluids in confined spaces is important in several research fields, including the oil and gas industry, because of the importance of confined hydrocarbons in unconventional shale reservoirs. A large percentage of the hydrocarbons are contained in nanoscale shale pores, and as a result, interactions between fluid molecules and the pore walls become significant to the fluid behavior and cause deviations of the fluid properties from bulk properties. In this work, classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations are performed to model kerogen pores in shale reservoirs and their effect on adsorption selectivity and phase equilibria of hydrocarbon mixtures in a wide range of temperatures and pressures. A slit pore made of graphite walls is used to represent the basic unit where a fluid may be stored in shale reservoirs. The separation between graphite layers is varied to observe the effect of confinement on the adsorption selectivity and phase equil...
Molecular dynamics simulation of ion mobility in gases

A force field molecular dynamics method is developed to directly simulate ion drift in buffer gases driven by an electric field. The ion mobility and collision cross sections (CCSs) with relevance to ion mobility spectrometry can be obtained from the simulated drift velocity in high-density buffer gases (pressure ∼50 bars) and high electric fields (∼107 V/m). Compared to trajectory methods, the advantage of the molecular dynamics method is that it can simultaneously sample the internal dynamic motions of the ion and the ion-gas collisions. For ions with less than 100 atoms, the simulated collision cross section values can be converged to within ±1%-2% by running a 100 ns simulation for 5-19 h using one computer core. By using a set of element-based Lennard-Jones parameters that are not tuned for different atomic types in different molecules, the simulated collision cross sections for 15 small molecular ions (number of atoms ranging from 17 to 85, mass ranging from 74.1 to 609.4 g/mol) are consistent with experimental values: the mean unsigned error is 2.6 A2 for He buffer gas and 4.4 A2 for N2 buffer gas. The sensitivity of the simulated CCS values to random diffusion, drift velocity, electric field strength, temperature, and buffer gas density is examined.
Editorial: Entropy in Landscape Ecology

Entropy and the second law of thermodynamics are the central organizing principles of nature, but the ideas and implications of the second law are poorly developed in landscape ecology. The purpose of this Special Issue “Entropy in Landscape Ecology” in Entropy is to bring together current research on applications of thermodynamics in landscape ecology, to consolidate current knowledge and identify key areas for future research. The special issue contains six articles, which cover a broad range of topics including relationships between entropy and evolution, connections between fractal geometry and entropy, new approaches to calculate configurational entropy of landscapes, example analyses of computing entropy of landscapes, and using entropy in the context of optimal landscape planning. Collectively these papers provide a broad range of contributions to the nascent field of ecological thermodynamics. Formalizing the connections between entropy and ecology are in a very early stage, and that this special issue contains papers that address several centrally important ideas, and provides seminal work that will be a foundation for the future development of ecological and evolutionary thermodynamics.
A SIMPL application to assess oral medicine residents' performance and level of autonomy.

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate a smartphone application, SIMPL, to optimize faculty guidance and oral medicine residents' performance, and to measure resident–faculty agreement for performance and supervision levels. Study Design Raters used the 5-level “Performance” scale to assess resident's readiness for independent practice and the 4-level Zwisch scale to assess faculty guidance, between June 2016 and June 2017. Junior residents were trainees with less than 18 months of training, and senior residents had more than 18 months of training. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze supervision and autonomy. Performance and supervision agreement was estimated as percentage-agreement and measured using κ and 95% confidence intervals. Results A total of 660 evaluations were performed by 6 residents and 6 faculty members. Senior residents received higher performance scores compared with junior residents (P for trend Conclusions SIMPL can feasibly be used for real-time assessment of residents' performance and autonomy.
Climate Sensitivity and Cloud-Albedo Feedback in a Global Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere GCM

Two earlier papers (Washington and Meehl, 1993; Boer, 1993) identified cloud albedo feedback as an important moderating influence on global climate sensitivity. Washington and Meehl (1993) used a global atmospheric GCM with a nondynamic slab ocean formulation and a simple prescribed cloud albedo feedback (where cloud albedos were increased in areas of deep convection and warm SST). They showed that the addition of the cloud albedo feedback in the model that also included a penetrative convection scheme decreased net solar input at the surface in the tropics and increased downward infrared radiation (from increased moisture). Of these two competing effects, the reduction of solar input at the surface was larger leading to a somewhat cooler surface in the tropics, decreased latent heat flux, and a moderated sensitivity to increased C02 in the atmosphere. In a different model, Boer (1993) found much the same set of processes but with a computed cloud-albedo feedback scheme and convective adjustment.
Women who sexually abuse children

This article describes a clinical sample of 40 women who sexually abused 63 children. Sixty percent of the female perpetrators victimized two or more children. Almost three-fourths of these women sexually maltreated children in polyincestuous family situations. More than four-fifths were mothers to at least one of their victims. The most common form of sexual activity was group sex; the next most common was fondling. The mean age of these women was a little over 26; they were poor and poorly educated. Their victims were also young, having a mean age of 6.4 years at the time the case was identified. About two-thirds of the victims were female and one-third were male. Female perpetrators evidenced marked difficulties in psychological and social functioning. About half had mental problems, both retardation and psychotic illness. More than half had chemical dependency problems, and close to three-fourths had maltreated their victims in other ways in addition to the sexual abuse.
Advising Patients on How to Achieve Long-Term Weight Loss.

Apolzan and colleagues reported post hoc analyses of predictors of long-term weight loss over 15 years of follow-up in the Diabetes Prevention Program. The editorialists discuss how the findings co...
Blurring boundaries in Rosedale Park: The importance of the Tejano Conjunto festival on the transnational dissemination of traditional Texas-Mexican accordion music

The contemporary transnational dissemination of Texas-Mexican accordion music has corresponded closely with the rise in prominence of the Tejano Conjunto Festival, sponsored by the Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center in San Antonio and, since 1982, held annually at Rosedale Park. In modern popular culture, the ease of transnational mobilization—here characterized by global participation in a local music festival—effectively blurs traditional boundaries of class, ethnicity, language, and location. However, this notion of inclusivity masks problematic and long-lasting hegemonies. Simultaneously, it shifts the historiographic narrative of conjunto as cultural resistance (within a tightly constrained notion of Texas-Mexican culture).
#ShePersisted, Mitch: a memetic critical discourse analysis on an attempted Instagram feminist revolution

Through feminist critical discourse analysis, this article examines the memetic discourse (image-driven conversation) via feminist standpoint theory on Instagram during the digital feminist movemen...
Deer browsing overwhelms extended leaf phenology benefits: A test case with Rubus allegheniensis and a recalcitrant hay-scented fern layer

Plant species coexistence can be promoted by multiple tradeoffs including temporal niche separation via differences in phenology. Namely, if phenological differences afford longer leaf life-spans that confer species the opportunity to exploit light and fix carbon during periods relatively free of other competitors, then coexistence, or even competitive superiority, may arise. Phenological niche separation explanations, including the Extended Leaf Phenology (ELP) hypothesis, have garnered considerable support as a mechanistic explanation for both exotic invasive species success and maintenance of native plant species. The benefits conferred by a phenological advantage, however, can be nullified if tissue losses from browsing are coincident with this phenological window of opportunity. This study experimentally tests the role of phenological advantage and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) browsing, alone and in concert, in structuring coexistence between the native forest shrub Rubus allegheniensis, which possesses an extended phenological window, and the native invasive fern Dennstaedtia punctilobula. Browsing treatments (ambient versus excluded) were factorially crossed with shading treatments (none versus shading timed to eliminate phenological advantage). The results demonstrate the phenological advantage is an essential growth mechanism for Rubus as seedlings deprived of the ELP advantage were, on average, 50% shorter than those not treated with shade. However, this benefit was largely dependent on herbivory pressure, as deer browsing largely nullified the growth benefits provided by the phenological advantage. This experiment is the first experimental study documenting how browsing impacts affect a plant species by curtailing a phenological coexistence advantage. The results suggest elucidating the interacting roles of the ELP and browsing is critical, particularly as the phenological niche advantage does not necessarily constitute a fitness advantage where browsing pressure is high. Results from this work also provide broader insight into how exotic plant species invasions that are assumed to be aided by a phenological (ELP) advantage, may be modulated through their browse susceptibility. Overall, these results suggest understanding the co-occurring roles of phenology and browsing may guide management decisions to maintain or promote understory plant diversity.
Imaging of Skeletal Muscle in Neuromuscular Disease: A Clinical Perspective

Neuromuscular diseases result from pathologic processes affecting the peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction, or muscle. The clinical phenotypes of these differing disorders may overlap, creating difficulty in making an exact diagnosis. Skeletal muscle imaging offers a noninvasive means of obtaining detailed information on the presence and pattern of pathology that may augment the evaluation. In addition to diagnosis, imaging of muscle may prove valuable for longitudinal study of individual patients. While computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US) are utilized, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a superior view of muscle. Additional studies will determine the best methods of imaging and their exact role in the care of patients with neuromuscular disease.
Impact of the parent-child relationship on psychological and social resilience in pediatric cancer patients.

Objectives The primary objective of this research was to examine patterns of parent-child relationship functioning among pediatric cancer survivors and their caregivers across a variety of relationship indicators (ie, Involvement, Attachment, Communication, Parenting Confidence, and Relational Frustration), and evaluate how these factors relate to psychosocial outcomes in survivors. Methods Young survivors aged 10 to 18 and their caregivers (N = 165) completed measures related to posttraumatic stress and general distress. Caregivers also completed assessments of parent-child relationship functioning, and survivors completed assessments of social functioning. Latent profile analysis was performed to identify patterns of relationship functioning. Medical, demographic, and parent functioning variables were examined as predictors, and youth's psychological and social functioning were examined as outcomes. Results A three-class solution was the best fit to the data. The struggling parent-child relationship profile (15%) evidenced below average levels of parent-child relationship functioning across several domains. The normative parent-child relationship (60%), was characterized by average levels of parent-child relationship functioning across all domains. Finally, the high-involved parent-child relationship profile (25%) demonstrated above average levels of parent-child relationship functioning in involved activities, communication, and attachment and normative levels of functioning across all other domains. Medical and parent functioning factors predicted profile membership. In turn, profile membership was associated with survivor psychological and social outcomes. Conclusion Findings document the importance of extending existing research to examine patterns of parent-child relationship functioning, which may serve as a clinically relevant target to improve psychological and social outcomes in young survivors of childhood cancer.
Cuban and Afro-Caribbean immigrants: an analysis of intermarriage and subsequent assimilation among second-generation Caribbean immigrants

This paper uses the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study to examine the effects of race, class and gender on the intermarriage of Cuban and Afro-Caribbean second-generation immigrants in the U...
Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of musculoskeletal disease in horses: Relative merits of allogeneic versus autologous stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used for treatment of musculoskeletal diseases in horses, but there is ongoing debate regarding the relative safety and efficacy of allogeneic MSCs, compared with autologous equine MSCs. This review summarises the currently available published data regarding the therapeutic use of autologous and allogeneic MSCs in horses. Arguments that have been advanced against the use of allogeneic MSCs include higher risk of immunological reactions and shorter cell survival times following injection. Arguments favouring the use of allogeneic MSCs include the ability to bank cells and reduce the time to treatment, to collect MSCs from younger donor animals and the ability to manipulate banked cells prior to administration. In vitro studies and a limited set of experimental in vivo studies have indicated that adverse immunological reactions may occur when allogeneic MSCs are administered to horses. However, newer studies lack evidence of inflammatory reactions or adverse clinical responses when allogeneic MSCs are administered and compared with autologous MSCs. Thus, while the relative merits of allogeneic vs autologous MSCs for treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in horses have not been fully established, accumulating evidence from studies in horses suggests that allogeneic MSCs maybe a safe alternative to autologous MSCs. Large, properly designed, randomised trials in addition to careful immunological evaluation of short-term and long-term, local and systemic immune responses are needed to more fully resolve the issue.
Running up Against the Civil Rights Act: Does Joe Biden’s Promise of a Female Running Mate Violate Title VII?

On March 15, 2020, Joe Biden announced, “I commit that I will in fact pick a woman to be vice president.” While widely praised for his decision, using gender as a qualification for the job raises questions concerning Title VII employment discrimination protections. This article examines the relevant case law to determine if Title VII is applicable to such a unique position. This includes the Darden test for determining employee / independent contractor classification, a potential volunteer status, the bona fide occupational qualification exception, customer preference, the overriding intent of Title VII, and an employment agency exception. Finally, pragmatic implications of such a practice are considered.
Circulating tumor DNA in advanced solid tumors: Clinical relevance and future directions

The application of genomic profiling assays using plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is rapidly evolving in the management of patients with advanced solid tumors. Diverse plasma ctDNA technologies in both commercial and academic laboratories are in routine or emerging use. The increasing integration of such testing to inform treatment decision making by oncology clinicians has complexities and challenges but holds significant potential to substantially improve patient outcomes. In this review, the authors discuss the current role of plasma ctDNA assays in oncology care and provide an overview of ongoing research that may inform real-world clinical applications in the near future.
Load balancing and neural dynamic model to optimize replicator dynamics controllers for vibration reduction of highway bridge structures

Abstract Earthquakes cause irreparable damages to the built environment, which has led bridge engineers to develop structural control systems to mitigate damage and improve vibration reduction in real-time. Among control systems, base isolation is one of the most commonly used passive control strategies for seismic protection of civil structures. Yet, it lacks real-time adaptability, has lower energy dissipation, and poor performance during near-fault earthquakes. To overcome these limitations, a hybrid control system comprised of semi-active magneto-rheological (MR) dampers and passive base isolation bearings is installed at the deck and piers for vibration reduction of highway bridge structures. This paper, inspired by evolutionary game theory and artificial intelligence, proposes data-driven replicator dynamic control algorithms to distribute the command voltage to the current driver of the semi-active MR dampers. It incorporates a load balancing strategy to reallocate additional resources. To achieve a high-performance design of the game-theory-inspired controllers, a patented neural dynamic model is used to optimize the control parameters. The evaluation of the proposed methodology uses a benchmark control problem based on the 91/5 highway bridge in Southern California subjected to near-field earthquake accelerograms. The performance of five different proposed controllers is compared with conventional Lyapunov and fuzzy logic control algorithms using 21 performance criteria. Results show the load balancing capability of the proposed control algorithms to mitigate the vibrations experienced by the bridge structure and further increase the durability of semi-active devices. The novelty of the methodology impacts how game-theory controllers make control decisions among multiple devices in engineering problems.
Basic Cardiovascular Pharmacology

In addition to having a thorough understanding of cardiovascular anatomy and pathophysiology and sophisticated monitoring facilities, the anesthesia provider engaged with caring for cardiac surgery patients must have a strong command of the pharmacology of the agents used in this setting. This chapter describes briefly the pharmacology of the most commonly used medications in the perioperative management of cardiac surgery patients.
Immunotherapy for hematological malignancies

Tumor immune tolerance remains a major barrier for effective anti-cancer therapy. A growing number of pathways whereby solid tumors escape immune surveillance have been characterized (1). This progress led us to revisit the "hallmarks of cancer" and brought forward many promising immunotherapies. Every growing bodies of research have brought forward many exciting treatment strategies for hematological cancers like chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Given the distinct characteristics of the different cancers, some benefited profoundly from such therapies while some remain challenging for scientists and physicians. Here, we discuss the unique aspect of hematological malignancies, and briefly review the history, existing and future of immunotherapies for this group of cancer.
Using Biofeedback to Reduce Step Length Asymmetry Impairs Dynamic Balance in People Poststroke.

BackgroundPeople poststroke often walk with a spatiotemporally asymmetric gait, due in part to sensorimotor impairments in the paretic lower extremity. Although reducing asymmetry is a common objec...
Individuals with recurrent low back pain exhibit further altered frontal plane trunk control in remission than when in pain.

Abstract Background Movement alterations due to low back pain (LBP) could lead to long-term adverse consequences if they do not resolve after symptoms subside. This study aims to determine if altered trunk control associated with recurrent low back pain persists beyond symptom duration. Methods Twenty young adults with recurrent LBP were tested once during an LBP episode and once in symptom remission, and twenty matched back-healthy participants served as controls. Participants walked on a treadmill with five prescribed step widths (0.33, 0.67, 1, 1.33, 1.67 × preferred step width). Motion capture and surface electromyography were used to record trunk kinematics and muscle activation. Thorax-pelvis coordination was calculated using vector coding, and longissimus activation and co-activation were analyzed. Findings Young adults with recurrent LBP exhibited a “looser” trunk control strategy in the frontal plane during gait that was persistent regardless of pain status across multiple step widths compared to controls. The looser trunk control was demonstrated by a greater pelvis-only, less thorax-only coordination pattern, and decreased bilateral longissimus co-activation in individuals with recurrent LBP compared to controls. The looser trunk control strategy was further amplified when individuals were in symptom remission and exhibited greater trunk excursion and reduced in-phase coordination in the frontal plane. Interpretation The amplification of aberrant movement during symptom remission may suggest that movement patterns or anatomical factors existing prior to the tested painful episode underlie altered trunk control in individuals with recurrent LBP. The symptom remission period of recurrent LBP may be a critical window into clinical evaluation and treatment.
The Foundation of Policy Management

This chapter provides a brief retrospective on how policy-based network management (PBNM) was designed. It outlines two fundamental problems—the lack of use of an information model and the inability to use business rules to drive configuration of devices, services, and networks. Quality of service (QoS) is one of the primary drivers for implementing PBNM solutions. PBNM solutions require information models that contain business and system entities that can be easily implemented. The chapter introduces a unique object-oriented information model, known as DEN-ng (Directory Enabled Networks-new generation). It is being developed in the TM Forum. An object-oriented information model is a means to represent various entities in a managed environment. An entity can be a person, a computer, a router, or even a protocol message—anything that needs a uniform and consistent representation for configuration and management is a possibility for definition and representation in DEN-ng. An object-oriented information model provides a common language in which different types of management entities can be represented.
Regular models of phonological rule systems

This paper presents a set of mathematical and computational tools for manipulating and reasoning about regular languages and regular relations and argues that they provide a solid basis for computational phonology. It shows in detail how this framework applies to ordered sets of context-sensitive rewriting rules and also to grammars in Koskenniemi's two-level formalism. This analysis provides a common representation of phonological constraints that supports efficient generation and recognition by a single simple interpreter.
Psychosexual Functioning and Body Image Following a Diagnosis of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

ABSTRACT Introduction There has been exponential growth in diagnoses of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in the past decade, yet little is known about sexual functioning and body image in women after diagnosis of DCIS. This is of particular importance because many of the parallel treatment modalities also used to treat invasive breast cancer, e.g., surgery and hormonal therapy, have been shown to have a detrimental effect on psychosexual function. Aim The aim was to explore changes in sexual function and body image after diagnosis and treatment of in situ cancer. Main Outcome Measures Evidence‐based self‐report measures assessing psychosexual functioning and body image. Methods Women diagnosed with DCIS within the past 3 months and who reported being sexually active completed measures assessing various aspects of psychosocial and sexual functioning and body image. Outcomes were evaluated at baseline, 9‐, and 18‐month time points. All statistical tests were two sided. Results Three hundred four women completed this prospective survey. Overall, sexual function in women with DCIS appears to be very similar to women in the general population and does not seem to be significantly disrupted by a diagnosis of DCIS. Sexual function and body image were notably stable across the 18‐month length of follow‐up. Of those patients who underwent mastectomy, there were no differences in sexual satisfaction for patients who had reconstruction compared with patients who did not. Conclusion Although it has been shown that women with DCIS have a number of psychosocial challenges, results from this large‐scale prospective study of women suggest that sexual function and body image may not be significantly negatively affected by this diagnosis. Of note, these results were also the case for women who underwent mastectomy and hormonal therapy. These findings are reassuring for both patients and physicians in the context of decision making about treatment options. Bober SL, A Giobbie‐Hurder, Emmons KM, Winer E, and Partridge A. Psychosexual functioning and body image following a diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ. J Sex Med **;**:**–**.
SCOPES: Smart Cameras Object Position Estimation System

Wireless camera sensor networks have to balance the conflicting challenges imposed by the detection performance, latency and lifetime requirements in surveillance applications. While previous studies for camera sensor networks have addressed these issues separately, they have not quantified the trade-offs between these requirements. In this paper, we discuss the design and implementation of SCOPES, a distributed Smart Camera Object Position Estimation System that balances the trade-offs associated with camera sensor networks. The main contribution of the paper is the extensive evaluation of parameters affecting the performance of the system through analysis, simulation and experimentation in real-life conditions. Our results demonstrates the effectiveness of SCOPES, which achieves detection probabilities ranging from 84% to 98% and detection latencies from 10 seconds to 18 seconds. Moreover, by using coordination schemes, the detection performance of SCOPES was improved with increased system lifetime. SCOPES highlights that intelligent system design can compensate for resource-constrained hardware and computationally simple data processing algorithms.
Electronic structure evolution from mott insulator to superconductor—An angle-resolved photoemission investigation

Abstract A critical analysis of new and earlier experimental data from the cuprate superconductors, in light of recent advances in many-body theory, shows that effects previously thought to be explained by band theory alone (such as the large Fermi surface) may also be accounted for by an idealized many-body approach. In addition, there are many elements of the data which can be better described using many-body approaches. Therefore, it appears that a comprehensive many-body description is needed to understand the electronic structure of the cuprate superconductors in the normal state. Angle-resolved photoemission has also revealed a large gap anisotropy, fueling the current debate on the symmetry of the pairing state
Understanding the strategies of document literacy and their conditions of use.

The relative difficulty of document reading-to-do strategies and how these strategies combine with different structure and processing conditions as contributors to task difficulty were examined. To accomplish this, the extent to which different types of strategies and their related structure and processing conditions would influence difficulty on 217 tasks drawn from the document scales of five national adult surveys was investigated. The study identified a difficulty hierarchy of strategies. When combined with 4 predictor variables (i.e., document complexity, type of information, type of match, plausibility of distractors), strategy types accounted for 80% of the variance in task difficulty. A new framework for conceptualizing and measuring the document reading-to-do task domain is discussed, and the advantages of this framework for researchers, test designers, curriculum developers, and document designers also are considered.
A directly cooled grating substrate for als undulator beam lines

Abstract Design analyses using finite-elements methods are presented for thermal distortion of water-cooled diffraction grating substrates for a potential application at the LBL Advanced Light Source, demonstrating that refinements in cooling channel configuration and heat flux distribution can significantly reduce optical surface distortion with high heat loads. Using an existing grating substrate design, sensitivity of tangential slope errors due to thermal distortion is evaluated for a variety of thermal boundary conditions, including coolant flow rate and heat transfer film coefficients, surface illumination area and heat distribution profile, and location of the convection cooling surface adjacent to the heated region.