cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
PFAST: an eclipse-based integrated tool workbench for facilities design

In this paper, we examine PFAST, an Eclipse-based integrated tool workbench targeted at rapidly integrating software tools for planning and optimizing manufacturing facilities. We describe the integrated-tool architecture, built on top of the Eclipse Rich Client Platform, which alleviates many of the problems faced by an earlier version of the system. We also describe our experiences in analyzing the requirements of the disparate tools that compose the system, the problems we faced in implementing the system, and the lessons learned. This paper highlights the successful introduction of Eclipse-based tool integration into the manufacturing facilities planning domain.
The pathobiology of premature rupture of membranes

Premature rupture of membranes arises from what are likely multifaceted and multistep pathogenic pathways. Pathophysiological processes may involve, both endogenous and exogenous fetal and maternal factors. This article reviews and analyzes information regarding, first, the form and function of fetal membranes; second, how membranes physically fail (rupture) at term and preterm gestations; and third, evaluates if we can reduce risks of rupture using physiological understanding and evidencebased clinical studies.
Incompatibility studies in Oenothera

Es wird weiteres Material vorgelegt, um die allgemeine Aussage zu stutzen, das Inkompatibilitatsallele in allen phylogenetischen Gruppen der komplexheterozygoten Arten der nordamerikanischen Euoenothern zu finden sind. Eine Anzahl von Rassen derstrigosa- biennis 2-, undparviflora-Gruppen scheinen Pollenletalfaktoren zu enthalten, welche die Entwicklung des Pollens verhindern, unabhangig von der Konstitution des Griffels, auf dem er sich befindet. Solche Letalfaktoren haben in den vorliegenden Versuchen die Entdeckung der Inkompatibilitatsallele verhindert, falls die letzteren in diesen Rassen vorhanden sein sollten.
Shareholder wealth effects of private placements of debt made by REITs

This study examined both the short-run and long-run shareholder wealth effects of private placements of debt made by Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). The authors found that there is no significant market reaction to the placement. One-year and three-year adjusted abnormal returns were found to be negative and significant for placing REITs. This suggests that REITs do not benefit from added monitoring associated with the private placement. The results also suggest that REIT managers issue in order to grow the asset size of the firm to the detriment of shareholder wealth. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications
Solvent effect on the potential surface of the proton transfer in [H3NHNH3]+

Statistical mechanics Monte Carlo simulations of the proton transfer in [H3NHNH3]+ in aqueous solution have been carried out using the combined quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical AM1/TIP3P potential. As in the gas phase, squeezing and stretching motions of the donor–acceptor distance have profound effects on the proton transfer. Solvation increases the activation free energy of the proton transfer by 3 kcal/mol over that in the gas phase. The results suggest that the combined QM/MM potential may be used in models that treat the proton motion quantum mechanically and the solvent dynamics classically. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Analysis of treatment results in 36 children with retinoblastoma treated by scleral plaque irradiation

This is a retrospective analysis of treatment results in 36 patients with retinoblastoma treated by the Radiation Oncology Department of Hahnemann University Hospital and the Division of Oncology of Wills Eye Hospital between January 1975 and December 1986. There were 14 females and 22 males; ages ranged from 2 months to 4 1/2 years of age at presentation. Leukocoria was the most common clinical sign of presentation. These patients were treated with external beam radiation therapy in combination with scleral plaque irradiation in 20 patients and with scleral plaque alone in 16 patients. Cobalt-60, Iodine-125, Iridium-192, and Ruthenium-106, scleral plaques were used. The dose delivered to the mid plane of the globe was 40 Gy and the scleral dose adjacent to the plaque was in the range of 180-200 Gy. The treatment was successful in 30 of 36 patients. Complications of radiation therapy were minimal in patients treated by scleral plaque alone. The advantages of this treatment modality are discussed.
Interaction of microwave discharge-produced atomic hydrogen with Ru(001)

Abstract We have investigated the reaction of gas-phase atomic hydrogen (deuterium) with deuterium (hydrogen) precovered Ru(001) surfaces. The microwave discharge atomic hydrogen source utilized in the present work produced results differing from those obtained in previous investigations with a hot filament source. Whereas exposure to the hot filament source resulted in a saturation coverage of θH=1.42±0.03, exposure to the microwave discharge results in a coverage of only θH=1.01±0.02. We have observed an isotope effect in the removal of adsorbed H (D) by exposure to gas-phase atomic D (H) at 100 K, namely, H(a) is replaced more readily by D(g) (cross section of σr=8.9±0.3×10−17 cm2) than is D(a) by H(g) at this temperature (σr=4.7±0.3×10−17 cm2). We also report an isotope effect in the surface temperature dependence of the abstraction cross section. The cross section for the abstraction of D(a) by H(g) shows a greater increase with increasing surface temperature (activation energy of Ea=266±28 cal/mol) than does the cross section for the abstraction of H(a) by D(g) (Ea=65±12 cal/mol).
Perforin expression localizing cytotoxic lymphocytes in the intimas of coronary arteries with transplant-related accelerated arteriosclerosis

Accelerated arteriosclerosis is the major long-term complication of cardiac transplantation. It has been demonstrated recently that accelerated arteriosclerosis is caused, in part, by rejection-related, cell-mediated immunity. However, the role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in this process is a subject of controversy. Perforin is a specific marker of functionally active cytotoxic lymphocytes because it is a functional component of the cytotoxic granules of these cells. We examined 11 coronary arteries from seven autopsied and four retransplanted heart transplant recipients for the presence of perforin-containing lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical stains for perforin were performed using a monoclonal antibody against human perforin. Eight of the 11 coronary arteries examined were found to contain perforin-positive cells. These perforin-positive cells were present in subendothelial spaces of the coronary arteries, and the staining seen was cytoplasmic and granular. The granules often were polarized to the endothelial surface. Furthermore, the cells identified were usually in close proximity to, or in direct contact with, coronary artery endothelial cells. These results suggest that cell-mediated endothelial injury by perforin-positive cytotoxic lymphocytes may contribute to the development of accelerated arteriosclerosis in heart transplant recipients.
Long-term tacrine (Cognex) treatment Effects on nursing home placement and mortality

The most important question arising from controlled studies of tacrine was whether the acute, symptomatic effects of tacrine treatment observed over 30 weeks (Knapp et al., 1994) translated into effects on long-term outcomes of the natural history of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) such as nursing home placement and mortality. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the natural history of AD. MMSE score is used as a surrogate of disease severity, and disease milestones are indicated.
The effect of temperature gradient on steel tube wastage in a bubbling fluidized bed simulator

This paper describes a unique laboratory rig that simulates the interaction between dense particles and in-bed tubes in bubbling fluidized bed combustors. In this test rig, a tubular specimen is actuated periodically in a partially fluidized bed. A coolant can flow continuously through the specimen in order to achieve a surface temperature lower than that of the bed. Preliminary tests performed on 1018 steel both under isothermal and temperature difference conditions are described and compared. During the temperature difference test, the bed was held at 700 °C and the specimen surface at 200 °C. Results showed a wear rate five times higher under these conditions compared to the isothermal test, but neither the wear mechanism nor the circumferential wear distribution was altered. As in previous studies using isothermal test conditions, material loss was mainly caused by abrasion of the metal by the bed particles. The deposition of an adherent layer composed of bed material onto the specimen surface acted as a protection against much of the damaging impact. The degree of such deposition was significantly less on specimens tested under the temperature difference condition, and this is believed to be the main cause for the observed increase in wear.
Zeta measure associated to Fq[T]

The object of this paper is to identify the divided power series corresponding to the zeta measure associated to Fq[T]. The first section introduces the zeta function for Fq[T] and describes some of its interesting properties. In the second section, we describe results on interpolations and measures and state our main result (Theorem VII). The third section summarizes various results about power sums and zeta functions. The last section contains two proofs of the main result. In the appendix, we elaborate on the existence of zeta and beta measures and give alternate descriptions for them.
Age and individual differences in visuospatial processing speed: testing the magnification hypothesis.

Forty young adults and 40 older adults performed seven visuospatial information processing tasks. Factor analyses of the response times (RTs) yielded a single principal component with a similar composition in both age samples. For both samples, regressing the mean RTs of fast and slow subgroups for the seven tasks (18 conditions) on the corresponding mean RTs for their age group accounted for 99% of the variance. Taken together, these findings suggest that individual differences in processing time were largely task independent. The magnification hypothesis, a simple mathematical model of the interaction between age and ability, is presented. This model correctly predicts the finding that in both the young and the older adult groups, individual differences increased systematically with task difficulty. The magnification hypothesis also explains the regression parameters describing individual differences among young adults and predicts correctly that equivalent parameters describe individual differences among older adults. According to the magnification hypothesis, the RTs of slower individuals are more affected by aging than those of faster individuals, and slower individuals may be more at risk with respect to other biological insults (e.g., changes in health status) as well.
A Turbine Wheel Design Story

A Jet Fuel Starter (JFS) is used to start the F100 main propulsion engines for the F-15 fighter aircraft. The JFS is a dual rotor machine which consists of a gas generator spool and a power turbine spool. The gas generator turbine wheel was designed to be contained within the turbine case in the event of a JFS overspeed. This is done by the inclusion of a containment ring in the turbine case. The initial power turbine wheel design was not able to be contained by its turbine case. A design decision was made to make this wheel frangible, that is, in an overspeed condition the wheel would break into small pieces which could be contained by the existing turbine case. An alternative design solution is proposed in this paper and an analytical proof-of-concept is presented.Copyright © 1988 by ASME
Comparison of antigenic and chemical similarities between vitamin B12-binders of human gastric juice and vitamin B12-binders extracted from the mucosa of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) stomach

Abstract Normal human gastric juice and an extract of chimpanzee fundus were studied by chromatography on Sephadex G-100 columns. Two B12-binders were demonstrated in both human gastric juice and chimpanzee fundus extract, one which eluted with proteins in the mol. wt. range of 90 000, the second which eluted with proteins having a mol. wt. of approx. 50 000. The small B12-binder in both human gastric juice and chimpanzee fundus extract reacted with the two antibodies found in serum of pernicious anemia patients that neutralize human intrinsic factor. When chimpanzee fundus extract was used as a source of intrinsic factor to determine the titer of the antibody in pernicious anemia serum which neutralizes the B12 combining site of intrinsic factor, identical titers were obtained as when human gastric juice was used as the source of intrinsic factor.
Lateral phase separation in interfacial films of pulmonary surfactant

To determine if lateral phase separation occurs in films of pulmonary surfactant, we used epifluorescence microscopy and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) to study spread films of calf lung surfactant extract (CLSE). Both microscopic methods demonstrated that compression produced domains of liquid-condensed lipids surrounded by a liquid-expanded film. The temperature dependence of the pressure at which domains first emerged for CLSE paralleled the behavior of its most prevalent component, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), although the domains appeared at pressures 8–10 mN/m higher than for DPPC over the range of 20–37 degrees C. The total area occupied by the domains at room temperature increased to a maximum value at 35 mN/m during compression. The area of domains reached 25 +/- 5% of the interface, which corresponds to the predicted area of DPPC in the monolayer. At pressures above 35 mN/m, however, both epifluorescence and BAM showed that the area of the domains decreased dramatically. These studies therefore demonstrate a pressure-dependent gap in the miscibility of surfactant constituents. The monolayers separate into two phases during compression but remain largely miscible at higher and lower surface pressures.
Simplified model of stress-induced crystallization kinetics of polymers

A stress-induced crystallization model for semicrystalline plastics is proposed based on the theory that stress-induced orientation of molecules and chains increase the melting temperature of thermoplastics, and hence, the supercooling which is the driving force for crystallization. By assuming that the effect of stress on crystallization is only by increasing the melting temperature, the basic quiescent-state crystallization equation can be directly applied to model stress-induced crystallization kinetics. The model has a minimum of experimentally based constants. A simple experimental technique, such as a rotational rheometer, can be used to determine the melting temperature shift. The model predicts the most prominent features of stress-induced crystallization. The main advantage of the model is that the parameters in the quiescent-state crystallization model do not change. Consequently, the parameters in the melting temperature shift model are easy to determine, and unknown constants are kept to a minimum. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 21: 214–222, 2002; Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.10022
Microsomal phospholipase A2 is activated by surfactant toxins in 3T3 mouse fibroblasts

In 3T3 mouse fibroblasts that were treated by surfactant toxins such as staphylococcal delta toxin, melittin from bee venom and lysolecithin, microsomal phospholipase A2 (PLA2) was activated. However, these toxins did not activate PLA2 when added to cell-free homogenates or microsomal preparations. The maximal activation was achieved at 1 mM Ca2+ pH 8.5. The microsomal PLA2 stimulated by these toxins had a high fatty acid specificity (C-2 position) toward arachidonic acid.
Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Reduce Insulin Secretion Without Impairing Calcium Mobilization

Inhibitors of pancreatic islet lipoxygenase (LPX) impair nutrient-induced insulin (I) release. To define the mechanism of action of these inhibitors, studies were carried out at subthreshold glucose concentrations (0–1.7 mM)in order to minimize any effects of LPX blockade on the potentiating effect of extracellular fuels. Barium chloride (Ba2+; 2 mM) increased 48Ca2+ release from prelabeled islets in Ca2+-free medium and, thus, is a model for the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ stores. Inhibition of LPX (using nordihydroguaiaretic acid, BW755c [3- amino-l-(trifluomethyl-phenyl)2-pyrazoline] or butylated hydroxytoluene) did not have any consistent effect on the influx of Ba2+ (as assessed by 133Ba uptake) or on the consequent release of cellular Ca2+ stores; however, each LPX inhibitor vitiated Ba2+-induced I release. The LPX inhibitors were not merely acting as nonspecific antioxidants, since two inhibitors which do not act by scavenging hydroperoxides (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid and 15-hydroxy-5,...
Dementia care: A global concern and social work challenge:

The implications of global aging for professionals in the fields of health and aging cannot be ignored, particularly for those who confront disorders of dementia. This article reviews the care needs of individuals with dementia and their family members, and examines the state of readiness of the social work profession for responding to the needs of these individuals. The authors assess professional social work roles and the size and scope of the supportive evidence base for social work practices in dementia care, and suggest several important areas for research attention.
Body Weight, Fat Storage, and Alcohol Metabolism

Ethanol account for a significant fraction of the energy intake of persons consuming even moderate amounts of alcohol. A recent study has shown that although alcohol does not reveal itself as a layer floating at the top of a drink, metabolically it behaves more like oil than sugar.
A Critical Pedagogy against Consumer Capitalism: A Normative Approach

Critical pedagogues have extensively criticized the commercialization of education; however, their argument has remained at the level of critique. As will be argued, a normative conception a deep socialist democracy based upon human flourishing is needed in order for critical pedagogues to critique consumer capitalism’s impact on education. However, critical pedagogues have not developed this position, thus they are unable to normatively describe the problems of a commercialized education. This paper fills this gap by providing a normative, yet critical, argument against the commercialization of education. Section one sets up the argument by clarifying terms. Section two explains critical pedagogue’s argument against a commercialized education and why this argument is normatively inconsistent. Section three briefly develops the argument for a deep socialist democracy and outlines a normative framework for a critical pedagogy against consumerism.
Dawn of the Intercontinental Sniper: The Drone's Cascading Contribution to the Modern Battlefield's Complexity: A Re-View Essay of Predator: The Secret Origins of the Drone Revolution, by Richard Whittle

This review essay discusses a unique book that chronicles the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) or "drone" revolution with a focus on the Predator weapon system. Although brought to market by a mainstream publisher, the book offers a thought-provoking, heavily researched, non-fiction case study involving national security, defense acquisition, and international law. We congratulate author Richard Whittle for crafting a thrilling and highly informative history of technological innovation, government contracting, and weapons system development and deployment, while introducing complex issues of national security and international law, that nonetheless left us eagerly anticipating a forthcoming action movie. This review essay introduces prospective readers to a handful of the captivating characters that propel the Predator saga; identifies many interesting national security and international law issues raised in Whittle’s book; offers a disturbing anecdote about the extent to which the government’s post-millennial outsourcing has eroded the government’s monopoly over the use of force; paints a pessimistic picture of the Defense Acquisition System; and concludes that a broad range of sophisticated readers will enjoy the book.Ultimately, however, the book’s success makes the bottom line no less troubling. As much as Predator celebrates the initiative, creativity, ingenuity, commitment, and drive of exceptional people, it bemoans the stifling and inefficient acquisition regime that appears to value process over outcomes.
Preventing unintentional scald burns: moving beyond tap water.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to examine in detail the mechanisms of significant scald burns among children Language: en
Conservative Treatment of a Proximal Full-Thickness Biceps Brachii Muscle Tear in a Special Operations Soldier

Background A transection of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle is an uncommon injury seen among outpatient sports physical therapy clinics. The highest rate of occurrence and the majority of literature that discusses this specific injury are related to US military parachuting. The purpose of this case report is to outline the episode of care from 2 days after the injury through 6 months of conservative treatment, which consisted of therapeutic exercise, manual therapy, and cryotherapy, within an outpatient sports physical therapy clinic in a military setting. Case Description. This case report outlines the initial evaluation, diagnostic imaging, treatment, and 6-month follow-up measures for a 23-year-old male patient who sustained a static line injury resulting in a full-thickness tear of his biceps brachii muscle and a partial tear of the coracobrachialis muscle. Outcomes. The individual described in this case report reported having no functional limitations in regard to his job and leisure activities or any pain at his 6-month follow-up, with a score of 0% noted on his Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (QuickDASH). Isokinetic testing revealed a 39.1% decrease in elbow flexion peak torque and a 60.8% decrease in elbow flexion total work output at this same follow-up interval. Discussion. In determining the appropriate course of treatment for this injury type, conservative physical therapy intervention should be considered as a viable treatment option, as there have been no decisive studies to suggest superior outcomes with other methods such as surgical correction. It is further recommended that research be conducted in an effort to prevent such injuries from occurring, as this mechanism of injury has proven to be much higher among the US military population compared with other military populations.
Melting Point Equations for the Ternary System Water/Sodium Chloride/Ethylene Glycol Revisited

Partial phase diagrams are of considerable utility in the development of optimized cryobiological procedures. Recent theoretical predictions of the melting points of ternary solutions of interest to cryobiology have caused us to re-examine measurements that our group made for the ethylene-glycol-sodium chloride-water phase diagram. Here we revisit our previous experiments by measuring melting points at five ethylene-glycol to sodium chloride ratios (R values; R=5, 10, 15, 30, and 45) and five levels of concentration for each ratio. Melting points were averaged from three measurements and plotted as a function of total solute concentration for each R value studied. The new measurements differed from our original experimental values and agreed with predicted values from both theoretical models. Additionally, the data were fit to the polynomial described in our previous report and the resulting equation was obtained: T(m) = (38.3-2.145 x 10⁻¹ R)w + (81.19 - 2.909×10⁻¹ R)w², where w is the total solute mass fraction. This new equation provided good fits to the experimental data as well as published values and relates the determined polynomial constants to the R value of the corresponding isopleths of the three dimensional phase diagram, allowing the liquids curve for any R value to be obtained.
Recommendations for the proper use of nonprescription cough suppressants and expectorants in solid-organ transplant recipients.

Objective—To describe the pharmacology and safety of oral over-the-counter cough suppressants and expectorants and to present recommendations for the use of these agents in solid-organ transplant recipients based on the potential for adverse drug reactions or drug-disease interactions.Data Sources and Extraction—Data from journal articles and other sources describing the pharmacology and safety of over-the-counter cough suppressants and expectorants, drug-drug interactions with immunosuppressive agents, and drug-disease state interactions are reviewed.Data Synthesis—Potential and documented drug-drug interactions between immunosuppressive agents and over-the-counter cough medications guaifenesin, dextromethorphan, diphenhydramine, and codeine were evaluated on the basis of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles. Interactions between these cough medications and the physiological changes in the body following transplantation also were examined.Conclusion—Diphenhydramine requires additional monitorin...
Dengue vaccines: recent developments, ongoing challenges and current candidates

Dengue is among the most prevalent and important arbovirus diseases of humans. To effectively control this rapidly spreading disease, control of the vector mosquito and a safe and efficacious vaccine are critical. Despite considerable efforts, the development of a successful vaccine has remained elusive. Multiple factors have complicated the creation of a successful vaccine, not the least of which are the complex, immune-mediated responses against four antigenically distinct serotypes necessitating a tetravalent vaccine providing long-lasting protective immunity. Despite the multiple impediments, there are currently many promising vaccine candidates in preclinical and clinical development. Here, the recent advances in dengue virus vaccine development are reviewed and the challenges associated with the use of these vaccines as a public health tool are briefly discussed.
Large pore formation uniquely associated with P2X7 purinergic receptor channels. Focus on "Are second messengers crucial for opening the pore associated with P2X7 receptor?"

p2x receptor channels are receptors for extracellular nucleotides ([8][1], [9][2]). The same P2X receptor membrane protein also forms a Ca2+-permeable, nonselective cation channel ([8][1], [9][2]). Seven subtypes have been cloned ([9][2]). They share the same overall topology of intracellular NH2
Using PERT as an approximation of fuzzy project-network analysis

The use of the project evaluation and review technique (PERT) as an approximation of fuzzy project network analysis (FPNA) when the activity times are represented by normalized triangular fuzzy numbers is discussed. Thirty-two networks in various combinations of activity width, activity symmetry, and path completion time disparity were analyzed using both FPNA and PERT. The differences in the expected project completion time, identification of critical activities, amount of activity slack, and the possibility of meeting certain project completion times are investigated. Results indicate that PERT performs well when approximating the expected project completion time, but is prone to large errors when identifying the critical activity set, approximating the amount of activity slack, and estimating the possibility of meeting certain project completion times. >
The evaluation of two first-grade preventive interventions on childhood aggression and adolescent marijuana use: a latent transition longitudinal mixture model.

Aggressive, disruptive behavior during early childhood has been linked to a number of later negative outcomes, one of them being adolescent marijuana use. This study evaluates the impact of two first-grade universal interventions (classroom-centered and family–school partnership) on the development of aggression in early childhood (grades 1–3) and marijuana use in adolescence (grades 8–12) via a latent transition longitudinal mixture model. For males, despite the significant proximal impact of the classroom-centered intervention on trajectory class membership of early childhood aggression, as well as the significant association between aggression trajectory class membership and marijuana use longitudinal latent class membership, the predicted probabilities of being in the high frequency marijuana use class did not differ significantly by intervention status, though in the expected direction. Associations for females are limited to the proximal impact of the classroom-centered intervention on trajectory class membership of aggression. This study extends the prior work of Petras et al. (Prev Sci 12:300–313, 2011) by considering that aggressive, disruptive behavior during early childhood is linked not only to adolescent aggressive, disruptive behavior (i.e., homotypic continuity) but also to adolescent marijuana use (i.e., heterotypic continuity) and by considering that an early intervention may influence later non-targeted behaviors through these heterotypic developmental pathways. Implications for developmental theories and substance abuse prevention are discussed.
Acute hypertension increases norepinephrine release in the diagonal band of Broca.

Abstract In vivo microdialysis was used to measure extracellular concentrations of norepinephrine in the diagonal band of Broca (DBB) during changes in blood pressure in conscious rats. Dialysate norepinephrine concentration was significantly increased during acute hypertension (280±40% of control), but was not changed by hypotensive hemorrhage. These results are consistent with the proposal that noradrenergic innervation of the DBB is selectively activated by increased blood pressure.
Rate-distortion optimized image compression using wedgelets

Most wavelet-based image coders fail to model the joint coherent behavior of wavelet coefficients near edges. Wedgelets offer a convenient parameterization for the edges in an image, but they have yet to yield a viable compression algorithm. In this paper, we propose an extension of the zerotree-based space-frequency quantization (SFQ) algorithm by adding a wedgelet symbol to its tree-pruning optimization. This incorporates wedgelets into a rate-distortion compression framework and allows simple, coherent descriptions of the wavelet coefficients near edges. The resulting method yields improved visual quality and increased compression efficiency over the standard SFQ technique.
What Makes Theology ‘Political’? ‘Come Let us Reason Together’

AbstractWhat makes theology political? Is it the social location of the author, the sources drawn upon, or the content of the argument? Each of these three possibilities is theologically significant, but a little reflection proves none of them decisive in claiming the adjective ‘political’ for a theology. The ‘material production’ of theological works cannot, by itself, render one theology political and another apolitical; for all theological works share a similar ‘social location’ given the similar socio-economic reality of publishing. Whether or not theology is political, or adequately political, cannot finally be determined by material production, the authors' social location or the content of the argument per se. Such forms of apodictic reasoning cannot distinguish apolitical from political theology. It can only be a function of practical reasoning. It alone can advance the current stalemate among persons that theology should be characterized as ‘church’, ‘confessional’, ‘sectarian’, ‘liberatory’, ‘po...
CALDERÓN–ZYGMUND OPERATORS ON MIXED LEBESGUE SPACES AND APPLICATIONS TO NULL FORMS

The boundedness of Calderon–Zygmund operators is proved in the scale of the mixed Lebesgue spaces. As a consequence, the boundedness of the bilinear null forms on various space–time mixed Sobolev–Lebesgue spaces is shown.
Two types of gametocidal chromosome of Aegilops sharonensis and Ae. longissima

Certain chromosomes of Aegilops sharonensis (2n=14, S1S1) and Ae. longissima (2n=14, S1S1), wild species related to wheat (Triticum), have been known to be retained selectively in durum and common wheats by their gametocidal action that is exerted exclusively on gametes lacking the Aegilops chromosome. Three of such gametocidal chromosomes from Ae. sharonensis and two from Ae. longissima, collected from different sources, were studied on their cytological features, homoeology, and interrelation. One of the Ae. sharonensis and one of the Ae. longissima chromosomes had similar N-banding patterns, which resembled that of wheat chromosome 2B, and were homoeologous to the group 2 wheat chromosomes. The other gametocidal chromosomes, which had been proved or speculated to be in homoelogous group 4, had N-banding patterns relatively similar to wheat chromosome 4A; the two Ae. sharonensis chromosomes could not be distinguished by the N-banding. In double monosomic additions of common wheat with the gametocidal chromosomes of the same homoeology, gametes carrying either or both of the alien chromosome became fertile, and in those with non-homoeologous gametocidal chromosomes, only the gametes carrying the alien chromosome of homoeologous group 4 were functional. Thus, it became clear that there were two types of gametocidal chromosomes each in Ae. sharonensis and Ae. longissima.
Task-directed multisensor fusion

The authors consider the problem of task-directed information gathering. They first develop a decision-theoretic model of task-directed sensing. In this framework, sensors are modeled as noise-contaminated, uncertain measurement systems. A sensor task is modelled as consisting of a function describing the type of information required by the task, a utility function describing sensitivity to error, and a cost function describing time or resource constraints on the system. From this description, the authors develop a computational method approximating a standard Bayesian decision-making model. This algorithm, which relies on a finite-element computation, is applicable to a wide variety of sensor fusion problems. The authors describe its derivation, analyze its error properties, and indicate how it can be made robust to errors in the description of sensors and discrepancies between geometric models and sensed objects. They also present the result of applying this fusion technique to several different information gathering tasks in simulated situations and in a distributed sensing system. >
Some Aspects Of Electrochromism Of Wo Filmsfilms Prepared By A Chemical Deposition Method

ABSTRACT Tungsten tri-oxide thin films were prepared by deposition from a solution of tungsten chloride, and, for comparison, by the acidification of a solution of sodium tungstate. The mechanism of the formation of HWQ« is explained in terms of oxidation of WClfi by 0^ followed by chlorination of alcohol and formation of EL which reduces WQQ to HWQo. The electrochromic behavior of these films was investigated by studying their current-voltage behavior, absorbance spectra, response time, and the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions in the film.Systems with variable light absorption, transmission, or reflection are of great importance for the construction of "smart windows" with controllable light transmission or glare free automotive rearview mirrors with adjustable reflectance. This phenomenon of variable optical properties, commonly known as "electrochromism" is usually initiated by the electrochemical injection into or depletion of charges from the material in contact with an ionic conductor. Electrochromism is based on the unique property of a number of transition metal oxides, organic polymers, or inorganic complexes which have different colors in different or mixed oxidation states. Transition metal oxides such as the oxides of iridium, rhodium, nickel and cobalt are colored in their higher oxidation states, and are known as anodically coloring materials. The oxides of tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and niobium are colored in their lower oxidation states, and are, thus, known as cathodically coloring materials.The most widely investigated electrochromic substance is tungsten tri- oxide, WOo This material is blue when it is reduced and transparent when it is oxidized. The electrochromic activity exhibited by WOo thin films vary depending on the methods used for their preparation. W0« film is usually prepared by vacuum evaporation or rf sputtering. Instead, we prepared the film in a simple way, by deposition from solution of tungsten chloride, and, for comparison, by the sol-gel method, as reported previously . We report here our results on the electrochromic properties of these films as studied electrochemically and spectroscopically.Thin films of tungsten oxide were deposited on fluorine-doped tin- oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates (Johnson-Watkins) using the
Pathophysiology and First-Line Treatment of Osteoarthritis:

OBJECTIVE:To review the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) and the various treatment modalities, focusing specifically on acetaminophen (APAP), nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors as the primary treatment options.DATA SOURCES:Primary literature and tertiary references were identified by a MEDLINE search (1966–March 2001) and through other secondary sources.STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:After evaluating the articles and references identified from the data sources, all the information that was judged relevant by the reviewers was included in the review article.DATA SYNTHESIS:OA is the most common joint disorder worldwide. Current research suggests that factors such as inflammation and changes in subchondral bone may play a larger role in the pathophysiology than previously thought. With this research and the development of COX-2 inhibitors, selecting the medication of choice for OA has become difficult.CONCLUSIONS:More research needs to be done bef...
Superfluous or Mischievous: Evaluating the Determinants of Government Defeats in Second Chambers

Governments often extol the policy refining functions of second chambers, but in bicameral parliamentary systems, governments must balance these policy refinement functions with their ability to pass legislation in the second chamber. I examine government defeats in the second chamber, suggesting they are a function of the cost and the likelihood of defeat. Using an original dataset, I find that strong veto authority creates incentives for governments to act strategically to avoid defeats (even when facing a friendly chamber), while opposition majorities and a weaker ability to sanction members who deviate from their party's position increase the likelihood of defeat.
Supporting Pipelines in Soft Real-Time Multiprocessor Systems

In work on multiprocessor real-time systems, processing pipelines have received little attention. In this paper, soft real-time periodic task systems are considered that include such pipelines. Conditions are presented for guaranteeing bounded deadline tardiness in such systems under global EDF or FIFO multiprocessor scheduling.
The perfect order subset conjecture for simple groups

Abstract This paper verifies the Perfect Order Subset Conjecture for Simple Groups for all but one family of finite simple groups. Specifically, for each nonabelian finite simple group G there is some N such that the cardinality of the nonempty subset of all elements of order N in G does not divide the order of G, unless G is an orthogonal group of plus type in dimension 4n, for some n ⩾ 2 .
Cancer of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Pet Dogs

A case-control study of nasal cancer in pet dogs was conducted to test the hypothesis that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke increases risk. Cases (n = 103) were selected from a teaching hospital during 1986-1990. Controls (n = 378) with other forms of cancer were selected from the same study base. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was evaluated by determining the number of smokers in the household, the packs of cigarettes smoked per day at home by each smoker, the number of years that each person smoked during the dog's lifetime, and the proportion of time spent indoors by the dog. The crude odds ratio for exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was 1.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7-1.8) and was unchanged after adjustment for confounders. Skull shape was found to exert a pronounced modifying effect; among dolichocephalic (long-nosed) dogs, the odds ratio for a smoker in the house was 2.0 (95% CI 1.0-4.1). A monotonic increase in the odds ratios across strata of total packs smoked and total indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was found in this group of dogs, with risks of approximately 2.5 for the highest stratum. Conversely, all odds ratios for exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among short- and medium-length-nosed dogs were approximately 0.5. The data support an association between environmental tobacco smoke and canine nasal cancer.
A Diet of Fat Connecting Humans and Nonhumans (in the Bolivian Foothills between the Andes and Amazonia)

This paper considers the sacrificial tables ritually offered to nonhuman entities in the Bolivian Piedmont. Ethnographic data demonstrate a locally-held conception of the circulation of substances between the body and the cosmos. This article focuses on fat, a quintessential human substance and nourishment to nonhuman entities. Both etiology and therapy depend on the alchemical circulation of this fat, as part of a wider system in which physiology and cosmology are connected. The healer’s knowledge of human anatomy and nonhuman dietary preferences allow him to diagnose cases of nonhuman predation of humans (in this case of human fat); while healing depends on negotiation with these nonhumans through culinary offering.
Physician Coding, Billing, and Reimbursement for Palliative Care

As important as it is to provide palliative and end-of-life care, physicians still need to be paid for the care they provide. With this in mind, it is extremely important in today’s economic environment that physicians and other health care providers become familiar with the current regulations in their respective states for coding and billing for services provided. In this chapter, we will review the current Federal regulations for billing for palliative and end-of-life care.
Understanding Sexual Harassment Law in Action: What Has Gone Wrong and What We Can Do About it (the Ruth Bader Ginsburg Lecture)

This article, given as the Fourth Annual Ruth Bader Ginsburg Lecture, analyzes the historical development of sexual harassment law as it has played out in U. S. courts and companies over the past thirty years. I document the simultaneous overinclusiveness and underinclusiveness of the traditional approach, which defines sexual harassment as unwelcome sexual advances. I show the need for a more expansive definition of harassment which turns the focus away from sexuality and places it on the broader work structures and social relations thorugh which gender inequality is produced. I then explore the implications of this change in approach for legal reform and legal scholarship.
Test Them into Thinking

(1964). Test Them into Thinking. Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation: Vol. 35, No. 8, pp. 82-82.
Abdominal trauma in pregnancy. When is fetal monitoring necessary

The type and duration of observation and monitoring of mother and fetus after abdominal trauma are dependent on gestational age and severity of trauma. Fetal monitoring is usually not required when the fetus is not viable; the primary consideration is the safety of the mother. When the fetus is viable, 24-hour inpatient fetal monitoring is indicated in cases of major trauma, even when no symptoms of injury are obvious.
The effect of leukocytic endogenous mediator (LEM) on serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations in the rat.

SummaryLeukocytic endogenous mediator (LEM) was shown to produce significant increases in serum Cu and ceruloplasmin concentrations in the rat within 12 hr after its administration. This increase coincided with an increase in the incorporation of 3H-leucine into total serum proteins which also was shown to be induced by LEM.
Percutaneous aspiration liver biopsy using a large-caliber disposable needle: a preliminary report.

A modification of the aspiration liver biopsy technique using a large-caliber disposable needle is described in an 18-month experience. One hundred forty liver biopsies were performed, obtaining adequate tissue in 98% of the patients. Complications occurred in 12 patients and were limited to pain at the biopsy site, epigastrium, or right shoulder; one instance of tachycardia and three of transient hypotension occurred. Thirty patients studied prospectively with liver scans and hematologic parameters failed to disclose subclinical complications. While the number of patients biopsied is still too small to provide definite conclusions, it appears that this technique is safe, simple, and has a very high yield of excellent specimens. In addition, the needle offers the advantage of being disposable and easy to use by a single operator.
Identification of trench oils based on the absorption peak difference in the range of 1120 cm~(-1)～1097 cm~(-1) by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Objective To identify trench oils from edible vegetable oils by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FITR), and provide technology support for market supervision of vegetable oils. Methods A total of 138 oils including 76 edible vegetable oils of 12 kinds,36 bio- waste crude oils and 26 refined trench oils were collected to analyze the absorption peaks difference in the range of 1120 cm- 1~ 1097 cm- 1by FITR,in order to evaluate the effectiveness of absorption peak in discriminating different oils. Results Except the tea- seed oil and olive oil,the absorption peaks of the other 10 kinds of edible vegetable oils were similar in the range of 1120 cm- 1~ 1097 cm- 1. There were 2 small peaks near 1119 cm- 1and 1098 cm- 1,showing " small- big peaks". While the two absorption peaks in the corresponding peak position of all the bio- waste crude oils and three refined trench oils reversed,showing " big- small peaks". Conclusion The method based on the absorption peak difference in the range of 1120 cm- 1~ 1097 cm- 1by FITR can effectively identify trench oils from many kinds of edible vegetable oils.
Perineal-Abdominal Cystourethrectomy with Pelvic Node Dissection: A New 2-Stage Procedure for Selected Cases

AbstractAn ileal conduit diversion followed 7 to 14 days later by cystourethrectomy with pelvic node dissection was done on 20 patients with carcinoma of the bladder. Two types of patients were selected for this operation: 1) those with an advanced stage of carcinoma involving the bladder neck, prostatic urethra or prostate, primarily cases suspected of having focal metastatic disease in the urethra, and 2) patients who had had a previous pelvic operation with resultant dense adhesions and scarring.The cystourethrectomy with pelvic node dissection is begun perineally. After the specimen, consisting of the urethra, part of the urogenital diaphragm, seminal vesicles, prostate and bladder, is dissected, mobilized and, finally, pushed into the pelvis the perineum is closed and the operation is completed abdominally through a Pfannenstiel incision.