cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Digital fringe projection technique for high-speed 3D shape measurement

A high-speed phase-shifting technique for 3-D shape measurement has been developed and experimented. A DigitalMicromirror Device (DMD) based video projector is used to project sinusoidal fringe patterns onto the object surface. Its red,green, and blue (RGB) channels are programmed to be sinusoidal fringe patterns with 120-degree phase difference. Theprojector has a color filter with four segments, RGB and clear, which controls the color of the projected image. When aspecific segment is in the light path, the DMD forms the corresponding image of that color. A 24-bit color image is formedwhen the RGB color channels are sequentially projected in a cycle time of 10 ms. When the color filter in the projector isremoved, the DMD still projects the three color channels sequentially, but the actual projected images are now in grayscale.The timing control mechanism of the DMD is studied and a circuit is designed to provide an external timing signal forprojection control. When a CCD camera used to capture the fringe patterns is synchronized with the DMD, the individualchannels of RGB or the three phase-shifted fringe patterns can be captured in less than 10 ms, thus making high-speed phaseshifting possible. Experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of this technique for high-speed 3-D shape measurement.Keywords: 3-D shape measurement, fringe projection, phase shifting, video projector, CCD camera, digital lightprocessing (DLP), digital micromirror device (DMD).
Dinuclear Nickel Complexes as Catalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide

Dinuclear Ni(0) complexes [Ni2(μ-dppa)2(μ-CNR)(CNR)2] (R = Me (1), n-Bu (2), and 2,6-Me2C6H3 (3); dppa = bis(diphenylphosphine)amine) were synthesized in good yields by reacting Ni(COD)2 with dppa and the corresponding isocyanide. The X-ray structure of complex 1 is reported. The electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of each complex are also reported. Complex 2 exhibits an irreversible 1 e- reduction at −0.99 V vs ferrocene in its cyclic voltammogram. When the cyclic voltametry was performed in the presence of CO2, a substantial current enhancement was observed for the reduction wave. Spectroelectrochemical as well as isotope labeling studies show that 2 is singly reduced to a radical anion species that is reactive toward CO2, yielding the disproportionation products CO and CO32-. In the presence of H+ donors (residual water), reduction of CO2 to formate is a competing process.
Toxicity From the Use of Niacin to Beat Urine Drug Screening

Niacin (vitamin B3) is promoted for rapidly clearing the body of drugs of abuse, such as cocaine and cannabis, and is alleged to interfere with urine drug screening. We present 4 cases of such novel use associated with significant adverse effects. Two cases had isolated skin manifestations, whereas the other 2 presented with life-threatening manifestations, including nausea, vomiting, dizziness, hepatotoxicity, metabolic acidosis, and hypoglycemia evolving into hyperglycemia. One patient also had profound neutrophilia and QT C -interval prolongation. All patients improved after cessation of the drug use and supportive treatment. Health care providers should be aware of these potential adverse effects of niacin and of the misguided use of this vitamin by patients seeking to interfere with urine drug screening.
Organizational Diagnosis from Initial Client Reactions to a Researcher

A field researcher faces complex issues in establishing and maintaining contact with the people he studies. In the sizeable literature dealing with the problems of participant-observer roles and researcher-client relationships which has developed over the years, a number of themes can be detected. One broad subject has to do with understanding the dynamics of client-researcher roles and finding ways to utilize this knowledge to obtain more valid data. Another theme has been the comparison of different research approaches to field work. One of the most recent works in this line is that of Bruyn who has analyzed the unique contributions of participant-observer methods when compared to traditional empiricism.
Mast cell stabilization: novel medication for obesity and diabetes

Mast cells are essential in allergic responses and beyond. White adipose tissue from obese humans contains large numbers of mast cells. Serum mast cell tryptase levels are also significantly higher in obese subjects than in lean subjects, suggesting a role of these inflammatory cells in obesity and diabetes. Two types of mast cell-deficient mice, along with corresponding wild-type control mice, were fed a Western diet to induce obesity and diabetes. We also used two anti-allergy drugs, cromolyn and ketotifen (Zaditor), to treat wild-type mice during intake of a Western diet or after the onset of obesity and diabetes, to examine the possible prevention or reversal of these conditions. Mast cell deficiency or pharmacological stabilization reduced body weight gain and improved glucose and insulin sensitivities. These common, side effect-free drugs also reduced pre-established obesity and diabetes without noticeable toxicity. Mechanistic studies suggest that mast cells participate in these metabolic disorders by affecting energy expenditure, protease expression, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and preadipocyte differentiation. These observations open a new era of basic research regarding mast cells, and offer hope to patients suffering from these metabolic disorders.
Amalgamation bases for commutative rings without nilpotent elements

SCR=the class of commutative rings without nilpotent elements.Theorem,R is an amalgamation base for SCR iff rad (I=Ann2(I) forI ⊆R finitely generated. Supplement. IfR e SCR thenR is contained in an amalgamation basis for SCR having no new idempotent elements. CR=the class of commutative rings. Theorem.R is an amalgamation base for CR iffR is a pureR-submodule of any commutative ring extendingR.
The development of school psychology in the state of Washington: A personal perspective

Abstract The history of school psychology in the State of Washington is examined with respect to growth of the profession, changing roles, training programs, and professional activism. During the past 30 years growth has been influenced by increased demand for special education programs and funding from both the state and national level. Starting out as clinical psychology in the schools, the role has changed to link together assessment, consultation, and remediation. With the growth of the profession has come several training programs based on the masters degree model but requiring two or more years of academic work. This model led to a split within psychology in this State with the school psychologists forming their own organization. The present funding crisis in education leaves the future of school psychology uncertain. However, the author believes that the profession can continue to thrive through positive actions and that by the end of this decade the numbers retiring from and entering the profession will be in equilibrium.
Luteal maintenance during early pregnancy in the pig: Role for prostaglandin E2

Abstract We previously demonstrated that prostaglandin E 2 (PGE) directly inhibits prostaglandin F 2α (PGF)-induced regression of individual pig corpora lutea (CL) in a dose dependent manner. The present experiments were conducted to 1) characterize and compare uterine secretion of PGE and PGF during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy and 2) evaluate the local effect of the conceptus on uterine prostaglandin secretion and associated CL function in unilaterally pregnant pigs. In Experiment 1, utero-ovarian venous blood samples were collected from two nonpregnant and two pregnant gilts at 3-h intervals from day 10 through 16 (first day of estrus or mating = day 0) for quantitation of uterine PGE and PGF secretion. In Experiment 2, gilts (n=4) were made unilaterally pregnant on day 2, and utero-ovarian venous catheters were placed bilaterally to determine if differences in PGE and/or PGF secretion might account for the known luteotrophic/antiluteolytic effect of the gravid uterine horn on the CL of the ipsilateral ovary. During the estrous cycle (Experiment 1), pulsatile secretion of PGF increased markedly on day 13 and continued to increase through day 16. PGE secretion also increased from day 13 to 16 of the estrous cycle; however, concentrations of PGE remained at least 3-fold lower than those of PGF. In contrast to changes in non-mated gilts, prostaglandin secretion in mated gilts peaked earlier (day 11–12), with PGE predominating. Thereafter, both PGE and PGF secretion declined to basal levels where they remained through day 16 of pregnancy. During unilateral pregnancy (Experiment 2), PGF concentration in nongravid and gravid horns was similar ( P > 0.8). In contrast, PGE concentrations were greater ( P
Comparison of the skin tumor initiating activity of 3-methylcholanthrene and 3,11-dimethylcholanthrene in mice.

Summary The abilities of 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) and 3,11-dimethylcholanthrene (3,11-DMC) to initiate skin tumors in Sencar mice were determined by using a 2-stage system of tumorigenesis. 3,11-DMC was found to have very weak skin tumor initiating activity when compared to the potent activity of 3-MC. The only difference between 3-MC and 3,11-DMC is the substitution of a methyl group in position 11 which is part of the ‘K-region’ or the ‘peri’ position. From these results, we suggest that an unhindered peri position adjacent to an angular benzene ring is necessary for carcinogenic activity of 3-MC.
Neuroantigen-specific, tolerogenic vaccines: GM-CSF is a fusion partner that facilitates tolerance rather than immunity to dominant self-epitopes of myelin in murine models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)

Vaccination strategies that elicit antigen-specific tolerance are needed as therapies for autoimmune disease. This study focused on whether cytokine-neuroantigen (NAg) fusion proteins could inhibit disease in chronic murine models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and thus serve as potential therapeutic modalities for multiple sclerosis. A fusion protein comprised of murine GM-CSF as the N-terminal domain and the encephalitogenic MOG35-55 peptide as the C-terminal domain was tested as a tolerogenic, therapeutic vaccine (TTV) in the C57BL/6 model of EAE. Administration of GMCSF-MOG before active induction of EAE, or alternatively, at the onset of EAE blocked the development and progression of EAE. Covalent linkage of the GM-CSF and MOG35-55 domains was required for tolerogenic activity. Likewise, a TTV comprised of GM-CSF and PLP139-151 was a tolerogen in the SJL model of EAE. These data indicated that fusion proteins containing GM-CSF coupled to myelin auto-antigens elicit tolerance rather than immunity.
The Effect of Ultrasonic Radiation on Gelation and Properties of Ormosils

Ultrasound has been applied to organically modified silicates (ORMOSILs) solutions during gelation. A series of silica and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites have been prepared by the sol-gel method. Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), PDMS, water and a HC1 catalyst were mixed and exposed to 20 kHz ultrasonic radiation under different conditions. Ultrasonic radiation made it possible to obtain wet gels in 5 to 30 min. without solvent (e.g. alcohol, and THF). And exothermic reaction was observed due to hydrolysis and polycondensation of TEO S. The reaction process was examined by liquid state 29Si NM R. Densities of obtained sono-ORMOSILs were observed to be higher than those produced by ordinary processes. Some sono-ORMOSIL samples demonstrated extremely low porosity and low specific surface areas.
π+π0 and K+K0 mass differences in the standard SU(3)c × SU(2)L × U(1) theory of strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions

Abstract The π + π 0 and K + K 0 mass splittings in the standard SU (3) c × SU (2) L × U (1) theory of strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions of quarks are computed. The only additional tool is PCAC, dealing with the covariant (with respect to the group SU (2) L × U (1)) divergences of the corresponding hadronic currents. The questions of the cancellation of infinities and of the gauge dependence are worked out in detail. All computations are reduced to those of self-energy-type diagrams in which the strong interactions can be easily resummed. This leads to the recovery of the results of Das et al. and Dicus and Mathur, and their justification in a modern approach. The achievements and limitations of the method are discussed.
The use of fetal biophysical profile improves pregnancy outcome in premature rupture of the membranes

A protocol using daily fetal biophysical assessment was applied in 73 consecutive patients with premature rupture of the membranes and no clinical signs of infection or labor. A persistently low biophysical score (7 or less on two examinations 2 hours apart) in the presence of a nonreactive nonstress test and absence of fetal breathing was used as an indication for delivery. Measures of pregnancy outcome included the presence of amnionitis or neonatal infection. The outcome of pregnancy in this group of patients was compared with the outcomes of two historic groups: one managed conservatively (control group) and the other managed with amniocentesis on admission to the hospital (amniocentesis group). Infection outcome, maternal as well as neonatal, and low 5-minute Apgar scores were significantly less in the study than in the control group. The frequency of neonatal sepsis was significantly less in the study than in the amniocentesis group. These data suggest that management of premature rupture of the membranes with daily fetal biophysical profiles improves pregnancy outcome by reducing the incidence of maternal and neonatal infection.
High doses of aspartame have no effects on sensorimotor function or learning and memory in rats

Acute or repeated (14 days) intragastric administration of L-d-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester (aspartame) suspended in saline and Tween-80 in doses of up to 1,000 mg/kg had no significant effect in male Fischer-344 rats on routine measures of sensorimotor function, including spontaneous motor activity, acoustic startle reflex and prepulse inhibition. Other experiments found that aspartame (500 or 1,000 mg/kg) had no significant effect on acquisition of passive or active avoidance or a spatial, reference memory task in the Morris water maze. A series of separate studies found that aspartame had no effects in rats fasted 24 hours prior to testing, or if it was suspended in carboxymethylcellulose or administered by the intraperitoneal route. Under the conditions of these experiments, large doses of aspartame have no significant neurobiological effects in adult rats as measured by procedures known to be sensitive to the neurobiological effects of neurotoxicants, including convulsants, organochlorine insecticides and heavy metals.
Kinetic study of the gas‐phase reaction c‐C5H8 + I2 ⇄ c‐C5H6 + 2HI the heat of formation and the stabilization energy of the cyclopentenyl radical

The gas-phase dehydrogenation of cyclopentene to cyclopentadiene catalyzed by iodine in the range 178–283°C has been found to obey a rate law consistent with the slow rate-determining step, , log [k4/(1 mole−1 sec−1)] = 10.25 ± 0.08 - (12.26 ± 0.18)/θ, where θ = 2.303RT in kcal/mole. Surface effects are not important. This value of E4 leads to a value of DH = 82.3 ± 1 kcal/mole and ΔHf298 = 38.4 ± 1 kcal/mole. From difference in bond strengths in the alkane and the alkene, the allylic resonance stabilization in the cyclopentenyl radical is 12.6 ± 1.0 kcal/mole, in excellent agreement with the value for the butenyl radical. Arrhenius parameters for the other steps in the mechanism are evaluated. The low value of A4 (compared with A4 for cyclopentane) suggests a “tighter” transition state for H-atom abstraction from alkenes than from alkanes.
Cardiac function and arteriovenous oxygen difference during exercise in obese adults

The purpose of this study was to assess cardiac function and arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vO(2) difference) at rest and during exercise in young, normal-weight (n = 20), and obese (n = 12) men and women who were matched for age and fitness level. Participants were assessed for body composition, peak oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)), and cardiac variables (thoracic bioimpedance)-cardiac index (CI), cardiac output (Q), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), and ejection fraction (EF)-at rest and during cycling exercise at 65% of VO(2peak). Differences between groups were assessed with multivariate ANOVA and mixed-model ANOVA with repeated measures controlling for sex. Absolute VO(2peak) and VO(2peak) relative to fat-free mass (FFM) were similar between normal-weight and obese groups (Mean ± SEE 2.7 ± 0.2 vs. 3.3 ± 0.3 l min(-1), p = 0.084 and 52.4 ± 1.5 vs. 50.9 ± 2.3 ml kg FFM(-1) min(-1), p = 0.583, respectively). In the obese group, resting Q and SV were higher (6.7 ± 0.4 vs. 4.9 ± 0.1 l min(-1), p < 0.001 and 86.8 ± 4.3 vs. 65.8 ± 1.9 ml min(-1), p < 0.001, respectively) and EF lower (56.4 ± 2.2 vs. 65.5 ± 2.2%, p = 0.003, respectively) when compared with the normal-weight group. During submaximal exercise, the obese group demonstrated higher mean CI (8.8 ± 0.3 vs. 7.7 ± 0.2 l min(-1) m(-2), p = 0.007, respectively), Q (19.2 ± 0.9 vs. 13.1 ± 0.3 l min(-1), p < 0.001, respectively), and SV (123.0 ± 5.6 vs. 88.9 ± 4.1 ml min(-1), p < 0.001, respectively) and a lower a-vO(2) difference (10.4 ± 1.0 vs. 14.0 ± 0.7 ml l00 ml(-1), p = 0.002, respectively) compared with controls. Our study suggests that the ability to extract oxygen during exercise may be impaired in obese individuals.
Adorno's Praxis of individuation Through Music Listening

Theodor W. Adorno's Anweisungen zum Horen neuer Musik (Guidelines for Listening to Modern Music) contain instructions not only for how to listen but also for how to have experience in general. The psycological, perceptual, and cognitive structures involved are existential structures, i.e. guidelines as to how to be as a modernist or post-modern self. Since listening involves abandoning oneself to the immanent logic of musical works, it is these works that provide the model for how to be. Adorno's work also shows, in contradistinction to some views of Adorno, his commitment to the unity of theory and practice and demonstrates that his musical writing is a completely independent and novel strand of critical theory because of is attempt to articulate the ineffable. However, Adorno's explicit theory of listening ("structural listening") is itself inadequate to Adorno's implicit theory of listening as contained in the practice of his actual musical writings.
Migraine and coronary heart disease in women and men

Objective.—We evaluated migraine as an independent risk factor for subsequent coronary heart disease (CHD) events among women in the Women’s Health Study (WHS) and men in the Physicians’ Health Study (PHS). Background.—Although several studies have suggested that migraine is associated with increased risk of stroke, there are few and conflicting data on whether migraine predicts risk of future CHD events. Methods.—The WHS is an ongoing randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer in 39,876 women health professionals aged � 45 years in 1993, and the PHS is a completed randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of aspirin and � -carotene in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer in 22,071 men physicians aged 40 to 84 years in 1982. Primary endpoints were defined as major CHD (nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI] or fatal CHD) and total CHD (major CHD plus angina and coronary revascularization). Results.—After adjusting for other CHD risk factors, female health professionals and male physicians reporting migraine were not at increased risk for subsequent major CHD (women: relative risk [RR], 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 1.29; men: RR, 1.02; 95% Cl, 0.79 to 1.31) or total CHD (women: RR, 1.01; 95% Cl, 0.76 to 1.34; men: RR, 0.98; 95% Cl, 0.82 to 1.18). When considered separately, there was also no increase in risk of MI or angina. Conclusion.—These prospective data suggest that migraine is not associated with increased risk of subsequent CHD events in women or men.
Substrate oxidation during incremental arm and leg exercise in men and women matched for ventilatory threshold

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the variations in substrate utilization between men and women matched for ventilatory threshold (T vent) during incremental arm cranking and leg cycling exercise at 70, 85, 100 and 115% of the mode-specific T vent. Recreationally active men (n = 12) and women (n = 10) with similar values for percentage of peak oxygen consumption at T vent participated in the study. Ventilatory equivalence, excess CO2 and modified V-slope methods were used concurrently to determine T vent. The participants performed 5 min of exercise at each of 70, 85, 100 and 115% T vent during both arm cranking and leg cycling exercise. The females were tested during the early follicular phase for all trials. A two-way mixed-design analysis of variance was performed to test for differences between the sexes. When carbohydrate and fat oxidation were expressed relative to total fat-free mass, carbohydrate oxidation during arm cranking and leg cycling was significantly higher in men than women...
Fall detection and activity classification using a wearable smart camera

Robust detection of events and activities, such as falling, sitting and lying down, is a key to a reliable elderly activity monitoring system. While fast and precise detection of falls is critical in providing immediate medical attention, other activities like sitting and lying down can provide valuable information for early diagnosis of potential health problems. In this paper, we present a fall detection and activity classification system using wearable cameras. Since the camera is worn by the subject, monitoring extends to wherever the subject may go. Furthermore, since the captured frames are not of the subject, privacy is preserved. We present an improved fall detection algorithm employing histograms of edge orientations and strengths, and propose an optical flow-based method for activity classification. Trials were performed on five different subjects wearing a camera on their waist, each performing 40 different activities. Experimental results show the success of the proposed method.
Random walks on trees and matchings

We give sharp rates of convergence for a natural Markov chain on the space of phylogenetic trees and dually for the natural random walk on the set of perfect matchings in the complete graph on $2n$ vertices. Roughly, the results show that $(1/2) n \log n$ steps are necessary and suffice to achieve randomness. The proof depends on the representation theory of the symmetric group and a bijection between trees and matchings.
Time-of-flight neutron diffraction study of bovine γ-chymotrypsin at the Protein Crystallography Station.

The overarching goal of this research project is to determine, for a subset of proteins, exact hydrogen positions using neutron diffraction, thereby improving H-atom placement in proteins so that they may be better used in various computational methods that are critically dependent upon said placement. In order to be considered applicable for neutron diffraction studies, the protein of choice must be amenable to ultrahigh-resolution X-ray crystallography, be able to form large crystals (1 mm3 or greater) and have a modestly sized unit cell (no dimension longer than 100 A). As such, γ-chymotrypsin is a perfect candidate for neutron diffraction. To understand and probe the role of specific active-site residues and hydrogen-bonding patterns in γ-chymotrypsin, neutron diffraction studies were initiated at the Protein Crystallography Station (PCS) at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). A large single crystal was subjected to H/D exchange prior to data collection. Time-of-flight neutron diffraction data were collected to 2.0 A resolution at the PCS with ∼85% completeness. Here, the first time-of-flight neutron data collection from γ-­chymotrypsin is reported.
Brisk and limited-impact NoC routing reconfiguration

The expected low reliability of the silicon substrate at upcoming technology nodes presents a key challenge for digital system designers. Networks-on-chip (NoCs) are especially concerning because they are often the only communication infrastructure for the chips in which they are deployed. Recently, routing reconfiguration solutions have been proposed to address this problem. However, they come at a high silicon cost, and often require suspending the normal network activity while executing a centralized, resource-hungry reconfiguration algorithm. This paper proposes a novel, fast and minimalistic routing reconfiguration algorithm, called BLINC. BLINC utilizes pre-computed routing metadata to quickly evaluate localized detours upon each fault manifestation. We showcase the efficacy of our algorithm by deploying it in a novel NoC fault detection and reconfiguration solution, where BLINC enables uninterrupted NoC operation during aggressive online testing. If a fault seems likely to occur, we circumvent it in advance with the aid of our BLINC reconfiguration algorithm. Experimental results show an 80% reduction in the average number of routers affected by a reconfiguration event, compared to state-of-the-art techniques. BLINC enables negligible performance degradation in our detection and reconfiguration solution, while solutions based on current techniques suffer a 17-fold latency increase.
Maneuvering Together to Develop New Practices: Examining Our Collaborative Processes.

Although collaboration is foundational to self-study methodology, few self-studies of teacher education practices have focused on collaborative teaching processes. In this inquiry, two teacher educators report a two-year self-study into the collaborative processes of planning and reflection that they used to co-construct significant changes to their practices in concurrent sections of a writing methods course. Situated in narrative inquiry, cyclical reflective and dialogic methods were used to generate and analyze data. Examination of our collaborative processes revealed that four interlinked factors were central to the ways in which we worked together: our modus operandi, shifting roles, collective vision, and support for risk-taking. We discuss these factors and how we maneuvered together to develop new practices; we also suggest implications for teacher educators and self-study researchers.
Phytomedicines for Prevention and Treatment of Mental Health Disorders

Herbal medicines supported by evidence of safety and efficacy in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, cognitive enhancement, mental focus, and sexual function are useful as monotherapies, multiherb combinations, and as adjuncts to prescription psychotropics. Relevant mechanisms of action and clinical guidelines for herbs in common use can assist clinicians who want to enhance treatment outcomes by integrating phytomedicinals into their treatment regimens. Research is needed to strengthen the evidence base and to expand the range of disorders that can be treated with herbal extracts. Studies of herbal genomic effects may lead to more targeted and effective treatments.
Cidex-induced synovitis

Microscopic evidence of inflammation was observed in the synovium of rabbit knees that had been injected with 10 ppm of Cidex (2% glutaraldehyde). Initial changes were synovial hypertrophy, subsynovial edema, and vascular congestion. At concentrations of 100 ppm or greater, focal synovial necrosis, hemorrhage, and gross diffuse synovitis were observed. The degree of synovial inflammation was proportional to the concentration of Cidex. Observation of synovial response versus time demonstrated this reaction to be a chemical synovitis without histologic evidence of a delayed hypersensitivity allergic component. Significant intraoperative levels of Cidex were noted in the rise solutions at several hospitals. When a single rinse is used, the concentration of Cidex present in the rinse basin is 100 to 300 ppm. If the same rinse is used for subsequent cases, the Cidex concentration is on the order of 1,000 ppm by the fifth arthroscopic procedure. If a double rinse is used and the rinse changed with each operative case, the Cidex concentration in the second rinse is less than 10 ppm. After irrigation of the knee joint with 1 liter of saline, the intraarticular concentration of Cidex is less than 10 ppm regardless of the rinse technique.
LZW based compressed pattern matching

In this paper, work on compressed pattern matching in LZW compressed files is reported. The reported work is based on author's well-known "almost-optimal" algorithm. The improvements include the multipattern matching and a faster implementation for so-called "simple pattern", which is defined as "a pattern with no symbol appearing more than once". Extensive experiments have been conducted to test the search performance and compared with the "decompress-then-search" and the best available compressed pattern-matching algorithm, particularly the BWT-based algorithms.
A 2-step comprehensive high-dose chemoradiotherapy second-line program for relapsed and refractory Hodgkin disease: analysis by intent to treat and development of a prognostic model

Salvage of patients with relapsed and refractory Hodgkin disease (HD) with high-dose chemoradiotherapy (HDT) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) results in event-free survival (EFS) rates from 30% to 50%. Unfortunately, the reduction in toxicity associated with modern supportive care has improved EFS by only 5% to 10% and has not reduced the relapse rate. Results of a comprehensive 2-step protocol encompassing dose-dense and dose-intense second-line chemotherapy, followed by HDT and ASCT, are reported. Sixty-five consecutive patients, 22 with primary refractory HD and 43 with relapsed HD, were treated with 2 biweekly cycles of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE). Peripheral blood progenitor cells from responding patients were collected, and the patients were given accelerated fractionation involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) followed by cyclophosphamide-etoposide and either intensive accelerated fractionation total lymphoid irradiation or carmustine and ASCT. The EFS rate at a median follow-up of 43 months, as analyzed by intent to treat, was 58%. The response rate to ICE was 88%, and the EFS rate for patients who underwent transplantation was 68%. Cox regression analysis identified 3 factors before the initiation of ICE that predicted for outcome: B symptoms, extranodal disease, and complete remission duration of less than 1 year. EFS rates were 83% for patients with 0 to 1 adverse factors, 27% for patients with 2 factors, and 10% for patients with 3 factors (P
Evolving N-Body Simulations to Determine the Origin and Structure of the Milky Way Galaxy's Halo Using Volunteer Computing

This work describes research done by the MilkyWay@Home project to use N-Body simulations to model the formation of the Milky Way Galaxy's halo. While there have been previous efforts to use N-Body simulations to perform astronomical modeling, to our knowledge this is the first to use evolutionary algorithms to discover the initial parameters to the N-Body simulations so that they accurately model astronomical data. Performing a single 32,000 body simulation can take up to 200 hours on a typical processor, with an average of 15 hours. As optimizing the input parameters to these N-Body simulations typically takes at least 30,000 or more simulations, this work is made possible by utilizing the computing power of the 35,000 volunteered hosts at the MilkyWay@Home project, which are currently providing around 800 teraFLOPS. This work also describes improvements to an open-source framework for generic distributed optimization (FGDO), which provide more efficient validation in performing these evolutionary algorithms in conjunction the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC).
Combined MOCVD and MBE growth of GaN on porous SiC

GaN films have been grown homoepitaxially by MOCVD on MBE-grown GaN template layers, using both porous and nonporous SiC substrates. The effect of the porous SiC substrates on dislocations in the MBE and MOCVD GaN layers has been studied using TEM and x-ray characterization. A reduction in dislocation density from ≥1×1010 cm-2 in the MBE template to 2.5×109 cm-2 at the top of the MOCVD film is found, with similar final values in the MOCVD films for both porous and nonporous substrates. We discuss various mechanisms by which dislocation density is reduced in the MOCVD layers.
Creating Goal lattices with GMUGLE

Goal lattices are a method for ordering the goals of a system and associating with each goal the value of performing that goal in terms of how much it contributes to the accomplishment of the topmost goal of a system. Since the lowest goals in the lattice are the real, measurable actions such as sensor observations, this method associates a value of taking an action with each possible action allowing one to rank those that are mutually exclusive. This paper presents the results of using the GMU Goal Lattice Engine (GMUGLE) to enter a set of goals and relative values for a reconnaissance mission management problems. The automatic expansion of the partially ordered set of goals to form a lattice which results from the strict application of a least upper bound (lub) and greatest lower bound (glb) for each pair of goals is documented as well as the automatic creation of pseudo-goals.
ASME 1992 Nadai Lecture ― micromechanics of inelastic composite materials: theory and experiment

The transformation field analysis method is a general procedure for evaluation of local fields and overall response in representative volumes of multiphase materials subjected to external thermomechanical loads and transformation in the phases. The Kroner Budiansky Wu and the Hill self consistent models are corrected to conform with the generalized Levin formula. Recent experimental measurements of yield surfaces and plastic strains on thin walled boron aluminium composite tubes are interpreted
A Survey of Electropherotype Relationships of Bluetongue Virus Isolates from the Western United States

Summary The genome profiles of 200 field isolates of bluetongue virus were obtained by extracting the double-stranded RNA genome from each isolate and separating the ten genome segments by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These virus isolates, consisting of representatives of the four bluetongue virus serotypes existing in the U.S.A., were obtained during an epidemiological study commencing in 1979 in four western states of the United States. Analysis of the migration patterns of the ten double-stranded RNA genome segments revealed distinct variations of electrophoretic profiles of many isolates. These variations are discussed in relation to the year and geographical region in which the isolate was made, the species of animal from which the virus was obtained and the electropherotype relationships of the four bluetongue virus serotypes existing in the U.S.A.
Optimum storage allocation for a file with open addressing

File organizations utilizing key-to-address transformation and open addressing are studied. A simulation method and a Markov model, which were used for evaluation, are presented. The cost of retrieval as a function of storage space and accesses is also formulated. The minimum of the combined costs for different operational conditions is determined.
Personality Dysfunction, Coping Styles, and Clinical Symptoms in Younger and Older Adults

This study examined age-related differences in personality disorders, dispositional coping strategies, and clinical symptoms between younger (n = 79; age range = 18–29; M age = 21.2 years) and older (n = 79; age range = 55–89; M age = 65.5 years) persons (matched on gender and ethnicity). Participants completed the Coolidge Axis II Inventory (CATI), Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced Scale (COPE), and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Personality results (t tests) based on the CATI revealed that older persons were significantly more obsessive–compulsive and schizoid than younger adults but significantly lower on 7 scales, including antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and sadistic. As assessed by the COPE, older adults reported lower levels of dysfunctional coping strategies than younger adults. Specifically, older persons were less likely to use mental disengagement, venting of emotions, and alcohol/drugs to cope with problems. BSI results for clinical symptoms revealed that younger adults were significantly higher on 5 of 9 scales, including anxiety, depression, and hostility. Results suggest that younger adults experience higher levels of personality and clinical symptoms and use more dysfunctional coping strategies than older adults, dispelling the myth that old age is associated with inevitable psychological impairment. Theoretical considerations, clinical implications, and future research ideas are discussed.
Nonlinear digital phase estimation for mobile communications

The nonlinear digital carrier synchronization structure is a coherent demodulation technique that has many advantages for mobile communications. The nonlinear digital synchronizer is investigated in the presence of time varying fading for BPSK, QPSK, and pi /4-QPSK modulations. This paper addresses the design of optimal unconstrained smoothing filters for the nonlinear synchronizer structure. An approximate bit error probability analysis demonstrates that performance is quite near ideal and that no error floor exists in time varying fading. >
Influence of whey protein concentrate on the functionality of egg white and bovine serum albumin

The objective was to elucidate the functionality of various combinations of egg white (EW), whey protein concentrate (WPC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) and compare the microstructures of their gels. Dispersions of individual proteins (1%, w/v, in imidazole-HCl pH 7.0) were prepared. The BSA, EW and WPC and were combined in the ratios of 0 : 0 : 1, 1 : 0 : 0, 0 : 1 : 0, 0.5 : 0 : 0.5, 0 : 0.5 : 0.5, 0.5 : 0.5 : 0, 0.33 : 0.33 : 0.33, 0.42 : 0.16 : 0.42, 0.16 : 0.42 : 0.42 and 0.42 : 0.42 : 0.16. The functionalities studied were oil holding capacity (OHC), water holding capacity (WHC), thermostability (TS), foam activity (FA), foam stability (FS), foam density (FD), emulsion stability (ES) and emulsifying activity index (EAI). Gels with a protein concentration of 10% (w/v) in 0.1 M NaCI at pH 7 were used for determination of stress, strain values and microstructural analyses. The R 2 was in excess of 0.95 for all attributes studied except FD which had an R 2 of 0.85. The results indicate that WPC apparently impacted water entrapment in an additive manner proportional to its concentration. The combination of WPC with EW or BSA resulted in a synergistic effect for TS and FS and an additive effect for OHC, WHC, FD, EAI, gel stress and strain. On the contrary, an antagonistic effect was observed for FA. If a multifunctional combination was to be picked, it would be a 1 : 1 ratio of WPC and BSA as it had the highest number of attributes with synergistic effects. Data indicated there were multifunctional advantage of using WPC.
Technical assessment of methods for waste isolation on the abyssal seafloor

A study was recently completed to analyze methods for isolating industrial wastes (i.e., sewage sludge, fly ash from municipal incinerators, and dredged material) on the abyssal seafloor. This paper presents results of the technical assessment of this waste management option. The assessment identified three viable techniques: (a) a 25,000 metric ton displacement (loaded) unpowered submarine barge, (b) a 5,000 metric ton displacement (loaded) disk-shaped transporter traversing to and from the seafloor much like an untethered elevator, or (c) free falling the waste from the ocean surface in 400 m/sup 3/ synthetic fabric containers carrying waste-filled containers to the seafloor. Risk analyses show that the free-fall fabric container poses the least technical risk, provided that fabric container and transporter designs eliminate the potential for tearing of the containers on release from the surface transporter. All three techniques are shown to offer cost effective waste management options when compared with present-day waste disposal practices.
Inward Rectification and Implications for Cardiac Excitability

Since the cloning of the first inwardly rectifying K+ channel in 1993, a family of related clones has been isolated, with many members being expressed in the heart. Exogenous expression of different clones has demonstrated that between them they encode channels with the essential functional properties of classic inward rectifier channels, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, and muscarinic receptor-activated inward rectifier channels. High-level expression of cloned channels has led to the discovery that classic strong inward, or anomalous, rectification is caused by very steeply voltage-dependent block of the channel by polyamines, with an additional contribution by Mg2+ ions. Knowledge of the primary structures of inward rectifying channels and the ability to mutate them have led to the determination of many of the structural requirements of inward rectification. The implications of these advances for basic understanding and pharmacological manipulation of cardiac excitability may be significant. For example, cellular concentrations of polyamines are altered under different conditions and can be manipulated pharmacologically. Simulations predict that changes in polyamine concentrations or changes in the relative proportions of each polyamine species could have profound effects on cardiac excitability.
A Framework for Enterprise Agility and the Enabling Role of Digital Options

In turbulent environments, enterprise agility (i. e., the ability for firms to sense environmental change and respond appropriately) is an important determinant of firm success. We present a framework for enterprise agility, identify the underlying capabilities that support enterprise agility, and explicate the enabling role of information technology and digital options.
Biofeedback and the Twilight States of Consciousness

In recent years the exploration of altered states of consciousness (ASCs) has intrigued scientist and nonscientist alike. These deviations from the normal conscious state have been produced by the ingestion of drugs, hypnosis, meditative techniques, religious practices, severe or prolonged physical or psychological stress, sensory isolation, sensory overload, and so on. All of these conditions can be mapped onto the arousal-level continuum. When this is done we see that altered states of consciousness usually are also altered states of arousal level. It would seem that when the patterning of input to the brain from internal and external stimuli is unusual, out of the ordinary, then the experience may be labeled an altered state.
Creating, Perpetuating, or Negating a Fabricated Controversy: Tracking Flows of Influence between Traditional Media and the Political Blogosphere

On August 4, 1961, Barack Obama was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. However, a sizable portion of voting-age Americans adhere to the belief that Obama was born outside the U.S. According to a recent CNN/Opinion Research Corporation poll on the “birther controversy,” since the release of Obama’s long-form birth certificate, the number of polled Americans who doubt his birthplace declined but remains notable at 17%.This content analysis examined coverage of the birther controversy to determine the role different media have played in perpetuating, sustaining, or dispelling its claims. Based conceptually in the realm of intermedia agenda setting, this study tracked trends in the amount and type of coverage this issue received from five conservative blogs, five mainstream news blogs, and seven outlets representative of traditional mainstream news media.A total of 427 stories were coded from a four-year period. Significant positive correlations were found between the amount of coverage of the issue in conservative blogs and the traditional mainstream media (rs=.764, pThe substantial correlations found in this study between conservative blogs, mainstream media blogs, and traditional mainstream media indicate the potential for echo chambers to exist across ideologically dissimilar media. The various outlets showed similar agendas regarding the birther issue, and, in large part, coverage of the issue rose and fell together across all three media sources.
New, unusual, and borderline tumours of the head and neck

The head and neck is full of interesting lesions, since it has a diversity of tissue types and organ structures. While diagnosis is always being refined for some of the classification systems, new entities have also been described in the past decade. Some of these lesions, particularly within the category of salivary gland tumours, have diagnostic implications that the anatomical pathologist should be aware of. This course will cover a variety of new and unusual tumours in the head and neck, and will focus on some of the low grade, controversial and borderline entities. Many illustrations and images will be used to contrast subtle differential diagnoses for these tumour types, and to give side-by-side comparisons of entities that might be confused for one another. Ancillary and molecular studies will be discussed, when appropriate for diagnostic use.
Effects of electronic health record-based interventions on cervical cancer screening in adolescents: a 1-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVES To determine whether the 2011 electronic health record (EHR) changes led to improved compliance with cervical cancer screening and management of abnormal results in adolescent (<21 y) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two EHR prompts were implemented in May 2011. The first is a bright yellow alert that pops up whenever a Pap test is ordered in a patient younger than 21 years, recommending against routine screening. The second was a change in wording of the Pap order form, indicating that if Pap testing is done, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is not appropriate in this age group. RESULTS The overall rate of Pap testing decreased after the EHR changes (86/759 [11.3%] before vs 69/1,274 [5.4%] after, p < .0005). The rate of Pap testing without a valid indication such as a 12-month follow-up of previous abnormal results also decreased (66/759 [8.7%] before vs 49/1,274 [3.8%] after, p < .0005). Most Pap tests (77%, both before and after EHR changes) were ordered with reflex HPV testing if atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. Use of the correct Pap order type (Pap alone, no HPV test) did not improve (16/86 [18.6%] vs 15/69 [22%], p = .0857). CONCLUSIONS These prompts were associated with lower rates of unindicated Pap testing in adolescents but did not improve providers choosing the correct Pap type.
A Comparison of How Venture Capitalists and Angel Groups Contribute to Venture Innovation Success

This paper examines the possible influence of private equity investments, in particular angel groups and venture capital investments, in shaping the innovation outcome of technology ventures and in realizing successful exits. We consider the theoretical and empirical implications of angel group investment and tease apart the separate influences of angels and VCs towards ventures innovation strategy and successful exit that reveals striking insights about the relative contribution of each, and cause a reassessment of the importance of venture capitalist. We do so by tracking 79 technology ventures backed by angel group investment, 58 ventures backed by both angel group and VC investment, and matching them to 213 pure VC-backed ventures. The methodologies employed econometrically control for selection issues in the dynamic multistage nature of external capital financing.
A Saprophytic Species of Catenaria Isolated from Roots of Panicum Variegatum

1. Catenaria sp. was isolated from sterilized roots of Panicum variegatum which had been placed in a battery jar containing Eriocaulon septangulare, and appears to be a saprophyte capable of growin...