cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reducing Aborts in Distributed Transactional Systems through Dependency Detection

Existing distributed transactional system execution model based on globally-consistent contention management policies may abort many transactions that could potentially commit without violating correctness. To reduce unnecessary aborts and increase concurrency, we propose the distributed dependency-aware (DDA) model, which adopts different conflicting resolution strategies for different transactions. In the DDA model, the concurrency of transactions is enhanced by ensuring that read-only and write-only transactions never abort, through established precedence relations with other transactions. Non-write-only update transactions are handled through a contention management policy. We identify the inherent limitations in establishing precedence relations in distributed transactional systems and propose their solutions. We present a set of algorithms to support the DDA model, then we prove the correctness and permissiveness of the DDA model and show that it supports invisible reads and efficiently garbage collects useless object versions.
IDENTIFYING INSTRUCTIONAL TASKS THAT OCCASION PROBLEM BEHAVIORS AND ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF STUDENT VERSUS TEACHER CHOICE AMONG THESE TASKS

Levels of problem behavior were assessed when 4 students with severe disabilities received instruction on preferred versus nonpreferred tasks and when tasks of each type were chosen by the teacher rather than by the student. In Phase 1, interview and direct observation assessments were conducted to identify relative preferences for academic tasks. In Phase 2, the effects of these lower preference and higher preference tasks on the rate of problem behavior were evaluated using a multielement design. The results showed that lower preference tasks were associated with higher rates of problem behaviors and that students, when given a choice, consistently selected the tasks that had been identified through interview and direct observation as higher preference. In Phase 3, we assessed whether allowing the students to choose between pairs of lower preference tasks or between pairs of higher preference tasks reduced problem behavior relative to a condition in which the teacher selected the same tasks. For 2 of 4 students, the rates of problem behavior were lower when students (rather than the teacher) selected the lower preference activity. Higher preference tasks for 3 students were associated with relatively low rates of problem behavior regardless of whether the student or the teacher selected the task.
Classification and Evolution of Human Rhinoviruses

The historical classification of human rhinoviruses (RV) by serotyping has been replaced by a logical system of comparative sequencing. Given that strains must diverge within their capsid sequenced by a reasonable degree (>12-13 % pairwise base identities) before becoming immunologically distinct, the new nomenclature system makes allowances for the addition of new, future types, without compromising historical designations. Currently, three species, the RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C, are recognized. Of these, the RV-C, discovered in 2006, are the most unusual in terms of capsid structure, receptor use, and association with severe disease in children.
Nitroglycerin delivery through a polyethylene-lined intravenous administration set.

Adsorption and delivery of nitroglycerin through a new polyethylene-lined (PEL) i.v. administration set was compared with adsorption and delivery through an identical set composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) rather than PEL tubing. The new delivery system consisted of PEL tubing, a transparent PVC chamber, and a silastic segment for insertion in a peristaltic pump. Nitroglycerin was prepared in concentrations of 50, 125, and 200 micrograms/mL in 0.9% sodium chloride injection and run through both administration sets at flow rates of 12 and 60 mL/hr. Samples were obtained at 0, 0.5, 1, 2,4, and 8 hours from each of three sites: bottle, junction before silastic segment, and distal end of tubing. Nitroglycerin content was assayed using a modified high-performance liquid chromatography technique. A slight but significant average loss of nitroglycerin (2.3 +/- 9.3%) was observed at the distal end with the PEL set, whereas the PVC set showed a significant average nitroglycerin loss of 39.7 +/- 12.7% at the distal end. These differences were independent of infusion rate, nitroglycerin concentration, or time of sampling. Flow rate, concentration, and time had no significant effect on nitroglycerin adsorption with the PEL set, but all three had a significant effect on nitroglycerin adsorption with the PVC set. An unexpected finding was the approximately 14% loss of nitroglycerin from the admixture bottle over time. This phenomenon, which has been observed by other investigators, needs further investigation to determine its cause. It appears that a partially PVC-based administration set should provide consistent delivery of i.v. nitroglycerin to the patient.
The Politics of the 'Fetish' in Nineteenth and Twentieth-Century Ghana

Perhaps no word has had a longer association with African religious thought, material, and culture than the “fetish.” Identified as a marker of African heathenism and the inferiority of the African mind, the term would become the very antithesis of civilization and Christianity in Western thought throughout the nineteenth century. Along with a host of beliefs and practices, the fetish would also serve as an alibi for the moralizing imperative and momentum of colonialism. Although the “fetish” embodied both European and African conceptions of materiality and spirit, its African dimensions have been underemphasized. So too has its political significance. This is all the more surprising given that the fetish arose under specific historical context of cross-cultural and commercial engagement between Europeans and Africans. This paper seeks to correct this by positioning the fetish as an important lens with which power and state formation in colonial Ghana. I argue that the “fetish” has been integral to the making of the state. I use both the invisible and material attributes of the fetish to complicate previous theorizations of the fetish that takes as paramount what William Pietz has termed its “material irreducibility.”
Beyond True Sales - Securitization and Chapter 11

In this paper I mediate between the reality that securitizations serve useful, efficient purposes and the goal of preventing unnecessary corporate liquidations. Starting from the premise that the decision to include any party in a chapter 11 reorganization involves line drawing, I explain a principled reason for excluding some securitizations from the scope of chapter 11, while including other transactions - such as many of those at issue in Enron. Specifically, by considering the reasons why we ignore formalities in other related situations - under veil piercing, equitable subordination, and fraudulent transfer law - I explain why a line can be drawn that excludes typical securitizations from the chapter 11 estate. In the process, I suggest a functional analysis that would be more useful in making these types of determinations than the present reliance on whether or not there has been a true sale of assets as part of the securitization.
British romanticism, secularization, and the political and environmental implications

This article offers broad lessons for ways to rethink the tangled relation among religion, modernity, and the secular. After characterizing what I mean by theories of secularization and how these theories have dominated our accounts of British romanticism, I consider two poems – one by Coleridge, the other by Wordsworth – that disrupt the view that British Romanticism replaces God with nature and discipline with unencumbered freedom. I conclude by suggesting that when we disclose the language and ways of religion and practice in British Romanticism, we make more apparent its political and environmental dimensions.
FLIM data analysis of NADH and Tryptophan autofluorescence in prostate cancer cells

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is one of the most sensitive techniques to measure metabolic activity in living cells, tissues and whole animals. We used two- and three-photon fluorescence excitation together with time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) to acquire FLIM signals from normal and prostate cancer cell lines. FLIM requires complex data fitting and analysis; we explored different ways to analyze the data to match diverse cellular morphologies. After non-linear least square fitting of the multi-photon TCSPC images by the SPCImage software (Becker & Hickl), all image data are exported and further processed in ImageJ. Photon images provide morphological, NAD(P)H signal-based autofluorescent features, for which regions of interest (ROIs) are created. Applying these ROIs to all image data parameters with a custom ImageJ macro, generates a discrete, ROI specific database. A custom Excel (Microsoft) macro further analyzes the data with charts and statistics. Applying this highly automated assay we compared normal and cancer prostate cell lines with respect to their glycolytic activity by analyzing the NAD(P)H-bound fraction (a2%), NADPH/NADH ratio and efficiency of energy transfer (E%) for Tryptophan (Trp). Our results show that this assay is able to differentiate the effects of glucose stimulation and Doxorubicin in these prostate cell lines by tracking the changes in a2% of NAD(P)H, NADPH/NADH ratio and the changes in Trp E%. The ability to isolate a large, ROI-based data set, reflecting the heterogeneous cellular environment and highlighting even subtle changes — rather than whole cell averages - makes this assay particularly valuable.
Equivalence Relations in Algebraic Systems

(1949). Equivalence Relations in Algebraic Systems. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 56, No. 6, pp. 372-377.
To Thine Own Self Be True: Reducing Self-Biases with a Seminar Course on the Self.

Previous research demonstrates that psychology courses have the potential to reduce students’ biases (e.g., biases against women). In the current research, we hypothesized that taking a seminar-sty...
Circulating donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies and complement C4d deposition are associated with the development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy.

Background Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) continues to be a limiting factor in long-term survival of heart transplant recipients (HTRs). Pathophysiologic and immunologic factors affecting CAV are complex, and criteria for early diagnosis remain elusive. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the relationship between donor-specific antibody (DSA), C4d immunofluorescence, and the development of CAV. Results We evaluated 330 endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) specimens from 112 cardiac grafts. Twenty-four (21%) of 112 grafts developed CAV, and 18 (75%) of 24 were positive for C4d. Patients with DSA (n = 51) against human leukocyte antigen class I (n = 5), II (n = 26), or both (n = 20) developed CAV at a rate of 40%, 38%, and 20% and a mean time to CAV of 89, 47, and 25 months, respectively. Of 61 grafts without DSA, only 13% developed CAV, with a mean time to CAV of 116 months. Conclusions Compared with the general HTR population, patients with graft dysfunction and DSA or positive C4d on EMB show a statistically significant increased incidence of CAV and allograft failure, suggesting an antibody-mediated injury. The presence of pre- and posttransplant DSA, even in the absence of positive C4d immunofluorescence, may identify a group of HTRs at increased risk of developing CAV.
Hematologic Interactions of Endotoxin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα), Interleukin 1, and Adrenal Hormones and the Hematologic Effects of TNFα in Corynebacterium parvum‐Primed Rats

Endotoxin reduces the release among other cytokines of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) and causes peripheral lymphopenia and a dose-response-dependent initial neutropenia followed by a monophasic neutrophilia. TNF alone induces lymphopenia and an initial neutropenia followed by a biphasic neutrophilia. IL-1 alone induces lymphopenia and a monophasic neutrophilia. TNF-plus-IL-1 caused a greater lymphopenia than either monokine alone, suggesting that both monokines contribute to LPS-induced lymphopenia. TNF-plus-IL-1 induced neutropenia similar in magnitude to that induced by TNF alone and induced a neutrophilia significantly greater than that induced by either monokine alone, suggesting that LPS-induced neutropenia is caused by TNF, while LPS-induced neutrophilia is due to the combined effects of TNF and II-1. TNF and IL-1 were administered together with LPS to simulate the in vivo condition of endogenous monokine release during gram-negative bacteremia. TNF combined with LPS increased both the duration and magnitude of LPS-induced lymphopenia, LPS-induced neutropenia, and LPS-induced neutrophilia. TNF-plus-LPS treated rats at 2 hours after injection exhibited a striking 93% decrease in bone marrow neutrophils even though no peripheral neutrophilia was yet apparent, suggesting that the subsequent neutrophilia was due to demargination and recirculation of neutrophils sequestered in the peripheral vasculature immediately after their release from the bone marrow. Epinephrine, which causes neutrophilia by demargination but not by release of marrow neutrophils, reversed the initial neutropenia in TNF-plus-LPS-treated rats and increased the neutrophilia. IL-1 combined with LPS increased LPS-induced neutrophilia, suggesting that endogenous IL-1 also contributed to LPS-induced neutrophilia. Corynebacterium parvum-primed rats with hyperplasia of the monocyte-macrophage system and treated with TNF differed from naive rats treated with TNF in that the second peak was as great as the initial peak of neutrophilia, supporting the hypothesis that the second peak of TNF-induced neutrophilia is due to the release of endogenous monokines. In conclusion, exogenous TNF, IL-1, and adrenal hormones affect circulating numbers of lymphocytes and neutrophils in a fashion consistent with their postulated endogenous role in the regulation of leukocyte trafficking during bacterial infection.
New Thinking on Legal Positioning of Urban Community Residents'Committee in China

Urban community residents' committee is a grass-roots mass self-government organization and an important carrier of grassroots participation in community governance.It plays an important role in developing socialist democracy,innovating social management and building a harmonious society.However,urban community residents' committees are characterized by the strong administration of organizational functions,working systems,operating mechanisms,personnel turnover and expenditures,which results in inadequate functioning of self-government and lack of social organizations' integration.Therefore,the legal positioning of community residents' committees should be further clarified into an aggregate corporation so as to define clearly the relationship among community party organizations,government and community committees,thus supplying public service effectively and reinforcing urban community residents' sense of identity and belonging.
Philosophical Thinking on the Nature of Language in Foreign Language Education

Humboldt's thinking on the nature of language provides a new way of thinking for the doctoral foreign language education, and also brings new energy to the study of language. In the thinking of language philosophy, the research on the doctoral foreign language education presents a diversified trend. Humboldt puts forward the concept of world view of language, and expounds that the essence of language lies in the continuous integration and development of nationality and creativity. Foreign language education has absorbed a wide range of language resources,and has realized the enrichment and development of language itself.
IgA production requires B cell interaction with subepithelial dendritic cells in Peyer’s patches

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) induction primarily occurs in intestinal Peyer's patches (PPs). However, the cellular interactions necessary for IgA class switching are poorly defined. Here we show that in mice, activated B cells use the chemokine receptor CCR6 to access the subepithelial dome (SED) of PPs. There, B cells undergo prolonged interactions with SED dendritic cells (DCs). PP IgA class switching requires innate lymphoid cells, which promote lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR)-dependent maintenance of DCs. PP DCs augment IgA production by integrin αvβ8-mediated activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). In mice where B cells cannot access the SED, IgA responses against oral antigen and gut commensals are impaired. These studies establish the PP SED as a niche supporting DC-B cell interactions needed for TGFβ activation and induction of mucosal IgA responses.
Responding to the Bioeconomy: Business Model Innovation in the Forest Sector

Myriad forces are causing fundamental changes in the operating environment of the forest sector as well as in the individual firms striving to compete in twenty-first century, globalized markets. The growing bioeconomy presents a major opportunity for forest sector firms to develop new products, explore new markets, and develop new business models. Innovativeness differs across an industry’s life cycle. Product innovation is high at the beginning of an industry’s life cycle and diminishes over time. Process innovation is initially low, peaks later in the life cycle, and eventually tails off to a level similar to product innovation. Forest sector companies have a traditional business culture and operate in a highly mature industry where process innovation and high-volume production tend to be the focus. The resulting culture and context of the industry does not place it well for transition to the bioeconomy. This chapter explores these issues including consideration of pathways for forest sector firms to pursue in order to capitalize on the growing bioeconomy.
A Contextual-Genetics Approach to Adolescent Drug Use and Sexual Risk Behavior

In this chapter, we describe a research program that began in 2005 that was designed to refine etiologic models of drug use and sexual risk behavior, as well as the prevention programs the models inform. We were motivated to start this research because inclusive reviews of programs designed to prevent drug use/abuse and sexual risk behavior reveal mixed results. Many prevention programs do not attain their goals, and others are effective for some subgroups but not others (Foxcroft 2006; Foxcroft et al. 2003; Kraemer et al. 2002; White and Pitts 1998), suggesting that the causes of these risk behaviors are not yet well enough understood for prevention efforts to achieve large and reliable effects. This suggested to us a need for new approaches to etiologic models of drug use/abuse and sexual risk behavior, particularly greater articulation of the ways in which interactions among genetic, psychosocial, and developmental processes can inform them. Concurrent advances in both knowledge and technology related to basic genetics and epigenetic processes have created unprecedented opportunities for conceptual integration. We responded to this challenge and this opportunity by initiating a research program that uses findings from gene-environment interplay, developmental, and epigenetic research conducted with rural African Americans and participants in the Iowa Adoption Studies (IAS) to refine etiologic models in ways that increase their predictive utility.
Differential roles of caspase-1 and caspase-11 in infection and inflammation

Caspase-1, also known as interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-converting enzyme (ICE), regulates antimicrobial host defense, tissue repair, tumorigenesis, metabolism and membrane biogenesis. On activation within an inflammasome complex, caspase-1 induces pyroptosis and converts pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 into their biologically active forms. “ICE−/−” or “Casp1−/−” mice generated using 129 embryonic stem cells carry a 129-associated inactivating passenger mutation on the caspase-11 locus, essentially making them deficient in both caspase-1 and caspase-11. The overlapping and unique functions of caspase-1 and caspase-11 are difficult to unravel without additional genetic tools. Here, we generated caspase-1–deficient mouse (Casp1Null) on the C57BL/6 J background that expressed caspase-11. Casp1Null cells did not release IL-1β and IL-18 in response to NLRC4 activators Salmonella Typhimurium and flagellin, canonical or non-canonical NLRP3 activators LPS and ATP, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter rodentium and transfection of LPS, AIM2 activators Francisella novicida, mouse cytomegalovirus and DNA, and the infectious agents Listeria monocytogenes and Aspergillus fumigatus. We further demonstrated that caspase-1 and caspase-11 differentially contributed to the host defense against A. fumigatus infection and to endotoxemia.
Altered spatiotemporal characteristics of gait in older adults with chronic low back pain

Previous studies in older adults have identified that chronic low back pain (CLBP) is associated with slower gait speed. Given that slower gait speed is a predictor of greater morbidity and mortality among older adults, it is important to understand the underlying spatiotemporal characteristics of gait among older adults with CLBP. The purposes of this study were to determine (1) if there are differences in spatiotemporal parameters of gait between older adults with and without CLBP during self-selected and fast walking and (2) whether any of these gait characteristics are correlated with performance of a challenging walking task, e.g. stair negotiation. Spatiotemporal characteristics of gait were evaluated using a computerized walkway in 54 community-dwelling older adults with CLBP and 54 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Older adults with CLBP walked slower than their pain-free peers during self-selected and fast walking. After controlling for body mass index and gait speed, step width was significantly greater in the CLBP group during the fast walking condition. Within the CLBP group, step width and double limb support time are significantly correlated with stair ascent/descent times. From a clinical perspective, these gait characteristics, which may be indicative of balance performance, may need to be addressed to improve overall gait speed, as well as stair-climbing performance. Future longitudinal studies confirming our findings are needed, as well as investigations focused on developing interventions to improve gait speed and decrease subsequent risk of mobility decline.
Digital Workflow in Implant Dentistry

Implant dentistry is going through a digital revolution. Through the development of new equipment and their corresponding workflows, the diagnosis and treatment of our patients are becoming simpler and more efficient. This review examines the workflows and techniques that apply digital technology to the pre-operative planning stages, the surgical placement, and the prosthetic phases of implant treatment. With the current influx of new hardware and software into the market, dental technology has the potential to infiltrate every area of clinical implant dentistry. Its use generally begins with the diagnostic scanning by means of an intra-oral scanner and cone beam computed tomography. These modalities, in conjunction with implant planning software, allow for the planning and the guided surgical execution of dental implants. Technology can further be used with the prosthetic design and manufacturing of the interim and final restorations of the implants allowing all areas of clinical diagnosis and care to have the opportunity to apply digital dentistry. These tools can allow for more predictable, profitable, and pleasant treatment for our patients. As our clinical landscape changes with the influx of digital tools, the uses, workflows, and clinical protocols associated with implant dentistry can be learned and applied in our daily clinical practice allowing for the streamlining and simplification of patient care.
The latent structure of social anxiety disorder and the performance only specifier: a taxometric analysis.

AbstractSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is often treated as a discrete diagnostic entity that represents a naturally occurring class, though empirical evidence largely supports a dimensional conceptualization of social fears. Further, the inclusion of a “performance only” specifier in the DSM-5 implies that individuals who experience intense social anxiety exclusively in performance situations are distinct from those with broader social fears. The purpose of the present research was to examine the latent structure of SAD and the DSM-5 “performance only” specifier in a large nonclinical sample (n = 2019). Three taxometric procedures (MAXCOV, MAMBAC, and L-Mode) were applied to indicators derived from two commonly used measures of social anxiety. Results yielded convergent evidence indicating that social anxiety exhibits a dimensional latent structure. Further, social performance anxiety demonstrates continuous relationships with milder social fears, suggesting that the “performance only” specifier may not re...
Grain and sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) serves as a novel source of bioactive compounds for human health

Grain sorghum is an important staple food crop grown globally while sweet sorghum is increasingly considered as a promising biofuel feedstock. Biofuels are the major economic products from the processing of large quantities of biomass, which is currently being utilized to make value-added products in the biorefinery approach. To date, these value-added products are typically commodity chemicals and waste materials used in agriculture. However, there are opportunities to generate high-value bioactive compounds from sorghum grain and biomass. Chronic diseases, such as cancers, are the top causes for morbidity and mortality in developed nations and are promoted by inflammation and oxidative stress. Globally, colorectal cancer results in approximately one-half million deaths annually. It is estimated that as much as 80% of colorectal cancer cases can be attributed to environmental and dietary factors. The sorghum grain and ligno-cellulosic biomass generated for biofuel production has been reported to be high in bioactive compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This review focuses on the bioactive compounds of grain and sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-colon cancer, and immune modulator functions. The review summarizes previous efforts to identify and quantify bioactive compounds in sorghum and documents their anti-cancer biological activities. Finally, this review discusses bioactive compound extraction methodologies and technologies as well as considerations for incorporating these technologies into current biorefining practices.
Stationary subspace analysis of nonstationary processes

Stationary subspace analysis (SSA) is a recent technique for finding linear transformations of nonstationary processes that are stationary in the limited sense that the first two moments or means and lag-0 covariances are time-invariant. It finds a matrix that projects the nonstationary data onto a stationary subspace by minimizing a Kullback–Leibler divergence between Gaussian distributions measuring the nonconstancy of the means and covariances across several segments. We propose an SSA procedure for general multivariate, second-order nonstationary processes. It relies on the asymptotic uncorrelatedness of the discrete Fourier transform of a stationary time series to define a measure of departure from stationarity, which is then minimized to find the stationary subspace. The dimension of the subspace is estimated using a sequential testing procedure, and its asymptotic properties are discussed. We illustrate the broader applicability and better performance of our method in comparison to existing SSA methods through simulations and discuss an application in analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) data from brain–computer interface (BCI) experiments.
Racial residential segregation, socioeconomic disparities, and the White-Black survival gap.

Author(s): Popescu, Ioana; Duffy, Erin; Mendelsohn, Joshua; Escarce, Jose J | Abstract: ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between racial residential segregation, a prominent manifestation of systemic racism, and the White-Black survival gap in a contemporary cohort of adults, and to assess the extent to which socioeconomic inequality explains this association.DesignThis was a cross sectional study of White and Black men and women aged 35-75 living in 102 large US Core Based Statistical Areas. The main outcome was the White-Black survival gap. We used 2009-2013 CDC mortality data for Black and White men and women to calculate age-, sex- and race adjusted White and Black mortality rates. We measured segregation using the Dissimilarity index, obtained from the Manhattan Institute. We used the 2009-2013 American Community Survey to define indicators of socioeconomic inequality. We estimated the CBSA-level White-Black gap in probability of survival using sequential linear regression models accounting for the CBSA dissimilarity index and race-specific socioeconomic indicators.ResultsBlack men and women had a 14% and 9% lower probability of survival from age 35 to 75 than their white counterparts. Residential segregation was strongly associated with the survival gap, and this relationship was partly, but not fully, explained by socioeconomic inequality. At the lowest observed level of segregation, and with the Black socioeconomic status (SES) assumed to be at the White SES level scenario, the survival gap is essentially eliminated.ConclusionWhite-Black differences in survival remain wide notwithstanding public health efforts to improve life expectancy and initiatives to reduce health disparities. Eliminating racial residential segregation and bringing Black socioeconomic status (SES) to White SES levels would eliminate the White-Black survival gap.
Marianne Moore and the Logic of “Inner Sensuousness”

This essay has two basic purposes: Historically it tries to elaborate what is deeply modernist and constructivist in a poet typically considered a brilliant and idiosyncratic figure whose work is sui generis. In order to accomplish that, the essay proposes a possibly original reading of basic general concerns of Modernism as aligning the entire movement with Hegel’s concept of “inner sensuousness” as the core of Romantic art, for Hegel, its most developed form. Analytically, the essay proposes that Hegel’s intellectual framework, along with Moore’s poetry, can be still central to the culture wars because they afford a philosophical framework from which we can see the continuing importance of Modernist art to struggles against materialist accounts of mental life and the values of aesthetic contemplation.
QUADRATIC INTERACTIONS IN QUANTUM FIELD THEORY.

The effects of a quadratic interaction term in a quantum field theory are studied. It is found that the exact and bare Hilbert spaces are orthogonal. Thus, if such terms occur in a theory, they must be treated exactly prior using the Dyson expansion to calculate the effects of residual interactions.
On the problem of magnet ramping

Fig. i. AI with a rate of change (slope) as also specified by the vector. Actually, the FG will change the current by i (or 16) count at every (i/S)-th "tick" of it's clock. This poses severe restrictions on the programming vector; both, the AI current change and I/S = At/AI inverse slope has to be integers. In addition, the duration of the vector has to be longer than the time necessary to download theinformation into the FG.
GEOMETRIC VIEWS IN EXISTENCE THEORY

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses geometric views in existence theory. For the sake of simplicity we refer only to closure theorems for Mayer problems. Let G be some subset of E ϑ of finite measure, ϑ ≥ 1, and let x(t) = (x, … x) and u (t)= (u 1 , …,u m ) denote state and control functions, under usual constraints x(t) ɛ A(t) ⊂ E n , u(t) ɛ U(t, x (t)) ⊂ E m . Let f (t, x, u) = (f1 … f r ) be given functions defined for all t ɛ G, x ɛ A(t), u e U(t, x) satisfying usual Caratheodory continuity conditions. Let Q(t, x) denote the sets Q(t, x) = f(t,x,U(t, x)), which one assumes in general to be unbounded. One shall assume that (α): There is a bounded measurable function p(t), t ɛ G, p: G→ E r , say |p(t)| ≤ σ, such that p(t) ɛ Q(t, x) for all t ɛ G, x ɛ A(t). One shall also assume that (β): For every t 0 ɛ G, |f (t 0 , x, u)| → ∞ as |u| → ∞, u ɛ U (t 0 , x), uniformly on any compact subset of A (t 0 ).
Splice variants of DOMINO control Drosophila circadian behavior and pacemaker neuron maintenance

Circadian clocks control daily rhythms in physiology. In Drosophila, the small ventral lateral neurons (sLNvs) expressing PIGMENT DISPERSING FACTOR (PDF) are the master pacemaker neurons. Despite the importance of sLNvs and PDF in circadian behavior, little is known about factors that control sLNvs maintenance and PDF accumulation. Here, we identify the Drosophila SWI2/SNF2 protein DOMINO (DOM) as a key regulator of circadian behavior. Depletion of DOM eliminates morning anticipation and impairs rhythmicity. Interestingly, the two splice variants of DOM, DOM-A and DOM-B have distinct circadian functions. DOM-A depletion leads to arrhythmic behavior, while DOM-B knockdown lengthens circadian period. Both DOM-A and DOM-B bind to the promotor regions of key pacemaker genes period and timeless, and regulate their protein expression. Furthermore, we identify that DOM-A is required for the maintenance of sLNvs and transcription of pdf. Lastly, constitutive activation of PDF-receptor signaling rescued the arrhythmia and period lengthening of DOM downregulation. Taken together, our findings reveal that splice variants of DOM play distinct roles in circadian rhythms through regulating abundance of pacemaker proteins and sLNvs maintenance.
Oil- and Water-Resistant Coatings for Porous Cellulosic Substrates

Water- and oil-resistant materials are useful for many applications, but turning polar and porous cellulosic substrates such as paper, corrugated board, cardboard, and fabrics into a water- and oil...
The role of metoclopramide in peroral jejunal biopsy: a controlled randomized trial.

Metoclopramide is known to enhance gastric emptying and stimulate duodenal and small-intestinal peristaltic activity. The effect of the drug on peroral jejunal biopsy was examined in a controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. Forty-nine patients (24 females and 25 males) who required jejunal biopsy for diagnostic purposes were admitted to the study. All the biopsies were performed by the same operator using the Quinton multipurpose suction biopsy tube and applying the same technique. Twenty-four patients ranging in age from 18 to 67 years (mean 44.5) received placebo intravenously (sodium metabisulfite), and 25 patients from 16 to 73 years old (mean 39.9) received 10 mg of metoclopramide intravenously prior to the jejunal intubation. Objective parameters of the study were (1) time in minutes required for the intubation at the biopsy site, ie, the area at the ligament of Treitz, and (2) fluoroscopy time. Intubation time in the placebo group was 22.3±1.9 min (mean±sem) vs 11.3±1.4 min in the metoclopramide group (P<0.001). Fluoroscopy exposure time was 2.47±0.25 in the placebo group vs 1.40±0.12 min in the metoclopramide group (P<0.001). Subjective clinical evaluation of the operator's assessment of the procedure was based on a 0–4 scale (much easier=0, easier=1, average=2, harder=3, and much harder=4). Metoclopramide administration resulted in a significantly easier performance of the procedure (P<0.001) but did not influence patient tolerance. Three patients who received metoclopramide and one receiving placebo developed mild to moderate drowsiness of short duration.
‘The carcasse speakes’: Vital corpses and prophetic remains in Thomas May’s Antigone

This article examines Thomas May’s Antigone (c. 1631), a play deeply engaged in making sense of somatomancy (body divination) in the context of violence and tragedy, in demonstrating the paradoxical vitality of the prophetic corpse (which occupies an indeterminate position between life and death, between being an active prophetic agent and a passive prophetic instrument), and in puzzling out the role of the mutilated body in producing tragic knowledge. In its reworking of Sophocles, Lucan, and other tragic source material, May’s tragedy brings to light a crucial triadic relationship between the violated body, knowledge, and tragic form, showing how the body – because of the violence to which it is submitted, and via the privileged knowledge it produces – propels tragic action.
Landau-Ginzburg theories of non-Abelian quantum Hall states from non-Abelian bosonization

It is an important open problem to understand the landscape of non-Abelian fractional quantum Hall phases which can be obtained starting from physically motivated theories of Abelian composite particles. We show that progress on this problem can be made using recently proposed non-Abelian bosonization dualities in $2+1$ dimensions, which morally relate $U{(N)}_{k}$ and $\mathrm{SU}{(k)}_{\ensuremath{-}N}$ Chern-Simons-matter theories. The advantage of these dualities is that regions of the phase diagram which may be obscure on one side of the duality can be accessed by condensing local operators on the other side. Starting from parent Abelian states, we use this approach to construct Landau-Ginzburg theories of non-Abelian states through a pairing mechanism. In particular, we obtain the bosonic Read-Rezayi sequence at fillings $\ensuremath{\nu}=k/(kM+2)$ by starting from $k$ layers of bosons at $\ensuremath{\nu}=1/2$ with $M$ Abelian fluxes attached. The Read-Rezayi states arise when $k$ clusters of the dual non-Abelian bosons condense. We extend this construction by showing that ${N}_{f}$-component generalizations of the Halperin (2,2,1) bosonic states have dual descriptions in terms of $\mathrm{SU}{({N}_{f}+1)}_{1}$ Chern-Simons-matter theories, revealing an emergent global symmetry in the process. Clustering $k$ layers of these theories yields a non-Abelian $\mathrm{SU}({N}_{f})$-singlet state at filling $\ensuremath{\nu}=k{N}_{f}/({N}_{f}+1+kM{N}_{f})$.
Framing the Flint Water Crisis: Interrogating Local Nonprofit Sector Responses

The Flint Water Crisis captured the attention of the world in January 2016 when both the state and federal governments declared a public health emergency in Flint, MI. Building on framing theory, w...
P190 Tough Love to Laissez-Faire: Feeding Styles Among New York City Preschool Teachers and Associations with Nutrition Training

Background The majority of children aged three to five in the U.S. attend some type of day care or preschool, where they may consume up to two-thirds of their daily calories and nutrition. Teachers at preschools serving low-income families are responsible for guiding children towards healthful food choices. Feeding style, or caregiver's overall emotional tone and approach at mealtimes, may influence children's food choices and food acceptance. While there is some research on parent feeding styles, there is little on preschool teachers’ feeding styles. Objective To examine the feeding styles of teachers at New York City preschools serving low-income families and observe differences by demographics and between teachers who received New York State Eat Well Play Hard nutrition training and those who did not. Study Design, Settings, Participants A causal-comparative study using the short version of the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ), a cross-sectional survey. Six hundred sixty ethnically diverse preschool teachers in New York City. Measurable Outcome/Analysis Feeding styles were measured with a modified version of the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ). Descriptive statistics, ANOVAs and Chi-Square tests were performed. Results Teachers evenly spanned the four feeding style categories: authoritarian, authoritative, permissive and uninvolved. There was no significant relationship between race/ethnicity and feeding style. However, there were significant associations between years of teaching and parent/non-parent status and feeding style. Eat Well Play Hard training was not associated with feeding style. Conclusion These findings can help to inform future professional development interventions by highlighting the wide range of mealtime approaches that exist among demographically diverse teachers. Training may more effectively target specific nutrition-related beliefs and behavior than feeding styles, which, as prior research suggests, appear to be static. Funding None.
Research Notes — Software Process Selection Based Upon Abstract Machines for Slow Intelligence Systems

The abstract-machine model was developed by Chang to formalize the decision cycles of slow intelligence systems. It turns out that the selection of software process can also be regarded as a slow i...
Field Performance of A Novel Wideband Optically Transparent GNSS Antenna

This paper provides and discusses the field test results on the performance of an optically transparent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna embedded in the lamination of the windshield. It has been shown that the location accuracy by way of transparent antenna is on par with the existing rooftop production antenna in various environments for the current applications and use cases.
Thermoelectric properties of SiGe thin films prepared by laser sintering of nanograin powders

Abstract Silicon-germanium is an important high-temperature thermoelectric material for thermal to electric energy conversion. This paper focuses on the study of nanograin thermoelectric Si80Ge20 thin films. The nanograin Si80Ge20 thin films were prepared by a novel method of ball milling to generate nanoparticles and sintered by a quasi-continuous wave, near-infrared laser of wavelength 1070 nm. The electrical and thermal properties variations with different laser sintering power were measured, and the sintering mechanism is discussed. The Si/Ge wetting to substrate for a percolation morphology and the control of carrier concentration are found to be the key factors for good electrical conductivity. The stoichiometric ratio of Si and Ge was found to be unchanged in the ball milling and laser sintering process. We demonstrate that the laser sintering was capable of creating well alloyed thermoelectric materials while minimizing grain growth. The thermoelectric parameters like electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and figure of merit were measured, and the results are compared with other reported bulk and thin-film studies, and the advantages of our method are discussed. We demonstrate that low-cost nanograin SiGe thin films prepared by ball milling and laser sintering process have a comparable thermoelectric figure of merit to other SiGe thermoelectric materials and which can be further improved.
Donald J. Trump and the rhetoric of ressentiment

This essay contributes to and reframes the preliminary scholarly assessments of President Donald J. Trump's appeals to rage, malice, and revenge by sketching the rhetorical dimensions of an underly...
What resources do clinical competency committees (CCCs) require to do their work? A pilot study comparing CCCs across specialties.

Although a growing literature describes how clinical competency committees (CCCs) make decisions about trainees’ clinical performance, little is known about the resources these committees need to p...
Guidelines: Discharge Instructions for Covid-19 Patients.

Introduction/Objectives:Clinicians treating COVID-19 patients face a major challenge in providing an effective relationship with patients who are discharged to return to home in order to optimize p...
Combining Magnification and Measurement for Non-Contact Cardiac Monitoring

Deep learning approaches currently achieve the state-of-the-art results on camera-based vital signs measurement. One of the main challenges with using neural models for these applications is the lack of sufficiently large and diverse datasets. Limited data increases the chances of overfitting models to the available data which in turn can harm generalization. In this paper, we show that the generalizability of imaging photoplethysmography models can be improved by augmenting the training set with "magnified" videos. These augmentations are specifically designed to reveal useful features for recovering the photoplethysmogram. We show that using augmentations of this form is more effective at improving model robustness than other commonly used data augmentation approaches. We show better within-dataset and especially cross-dataset performance with our proposed data augmentation approach on three publicly available datasets.
Margin Width and Local Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Breast Conservation After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

A margin of “no ink on tumor” has been established for primary breast conservation therapy (BCT), but the appropriate margin following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains controversial. We examined the impact of margin width on ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) in the NAC-BCT population. Consecutive patients receiving NAC-BCT were identified from a prospective database. The associations between clinicopathologic characteristics, margin width, and isolated IBTR were evaluated. From 2013 to 2019 we identified 582 patients with 586 tumors who received NAC-BCT. The median age of the cohort was 54 years (IQR 45, 62); 84% of patients had cT1/T2 tumors and 61% were clinically node positive. The majority of tumors were HER2+ (38%) or triple negative (TN) (31%). Pathologic complete response was observed in 29%. Margin width was > 2 mm in 517 tumors (88%) and ≤ 2 mm in 69 (12%). At a median follow-up of 39 months, 14 patients had IBTR as a first event, with 64% occurring within 24 months of surgery. The 4-year IBTR rate was 2% (95% CI 1–4%), and there was no difference based on margin width (3% ≤ 2 mm vs 2% > 2 mm; p = not significant). On univariate analysis, clinical and pathologic T stage and receptor subtype, but not margin width, were associated with IBTR (p < 0.05). On multivariable analysis, TN subtype and higher pathologic T stage were associated with isolated IBTR (both p < 0.05). Pathologic features and tumor biology, not margin width, were associated with IBTR in NAC-BCT patients.
Assessing acquisition and discarding behavior using an online simulation task: A validation study

Abstract Limited measures exist to assess hoarding disorder. This study revised the only validated behavioral measure of excessive acquisition and difficulties discarding by modifying it for online use. In an online sample, participants endorsing current (n = 56) and previous hoarding (n = 43) symptoms acquired significantly more and discarded significantly fewer items on this computerized decision-making task as compared to a non-clinical control group (n = 61). These groups also reported higher rates of task-related negative affect. Reaction times for item-related decisions did not differ between the groups. Individuals with previous symptoms did not differ from those with current symptoms on the behavioral task despite scoring significantly lower on the Saving Inventory -- Revised (SI-R). SI-R Excessive Acquisition subscale scores were positively correlated with the number of items taken on the Acquiring Task in the full sample and in the hoarding group. SI-R Difficulties Discarding subscale scores were negatively associated with the number of items discarded on the Discarding Task in the full sample, but not in the hoarding group alone. Overall, the results provided preliminary convergent and construct-related validity for the measure. This easily accessible, cost-effective measure can provide researchers with a flexible tool for assessment and symptom identification.
Spinal μ-opioid receptor sensitive locomotor muscle afferents decrease responsiveness of motor cortical cells and diminish cortical voluntary activation (705.1)

We investigated the influence of group III/IV locomotor muscle afferents on the development of supraspinal fatigue and changes in motor cortical cell responsiveness by comparison of cortical versus...