cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A Robust Algorithm for Contact Angle and Interface Detection of Water and Argon Droplets

ABSTRACTContact angle estimation of a liquid droplet on a solid surface is of great importance to understand its wetting properties, capillarity, and surface interaction energy. While studying the droplet on a surface using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the main challenge lies in separating the liquid and vapor phases, and estimating the interface, curvature, and contact angle. Further, during transient MD simulations, large amount of data processing is required for calculating the time evolution of contact angle. This is a tedious effort to do manually or with image processing algorithms and can affect the contact angle results. In this work we propose an improved version of contact angle estimation algorithm. This algorithm segregates the droplet molecules from the vapor molecules using Mahalanobis distance technique, following which the density is smeared onto a 2D grid using various interpolation functions. The smearing is done by rotating the droplet multiple times at different angles to attai...
Synthetic Crowdsourcing: A Machine-Learning Approach to the Problems of Inconsistency and Bias in Adjudication

This paper presents a novel algorithmic approach to the problems of inconsistency and bias in legal decision making. First, we propose a new tool for reducing inconsistency: "Synthetic Crowdsourcing Models" (“SCMs”) built with machine learning methods. By providing judges with recommendations generated from statistical models of themselves, such models can help those judges make better and more consistent decisions. To illustrate these advantages, we build an SCM of release decisions for the California Board of Parole Hearings. Second, we describe a means to address systematic biases that are embedded in an algorithm (e.g., disparate racial treatment). We argue for making direct changes to algorithmic output based on explicit estimates of bias. Most commentators concerned with embedded biases have focused on constructing algorithms without the use of bias-inducing variables. Given the complex ways that variables may correlate and interact, that approach is both practically difficult and harmful to predictive power. In contrast, our two-step approach can address bias with minimal sacrifice of predictive performance.
Simultaneous effects of temperature and multiple allelochemicals on the performance of a Solanaceae specialist caterpillar (Manduca sexta)

We examined the simultaneous effects of temperature and food quality on the performance of Manduca sexta (L.), a specialist on Solanaceae. Temperature was manipulated using two representative therm...
The mitigating role of holistic thinking on choice overload

Purpose This paper aims to demonstrate how and why holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of large assortments on satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Five between-subject experiments demonstrate the mitigating role of holism on choice overload across a variety of contexts. Findings While large assortments create overload feeling, holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of overload feeling on satisfaction for both chronic (Studies 1a and 1b) and decision-specific (Studies 1b and 1c) holistic thinkers, as well as those who adopt a more holistic thinking style because of the decision goal (Study 2) or incidental priming (Study 3). Research limitations/implications This paper introduces a new moderator of choice overload effects – holistic thinking – and shows how it mitigates the negative indirect effect of assortment size on satisfaction. This paper contributes to the literature on assortment size effects and shows that even when assortment size increases overload feeling, this negative impact of assortment size can still be reduced. Practical implications Marketers with large assortments can reduce the negative impact of overload feeling and increase satisfaction by promoting the hedonic features of the products and encouraging holistic thinking. Similarly, consumers can reduce the negative impact of overload feeling by approaching their consumption more holistically either because of their individual traits or situational factors. Originality/value This research contributes a new moderator to the choice overload literature: holistic thinking. In doing so, it adopts a broader consideration of the decision-making process underlying overload effects and pinpoints how (i.e. by which path) holistic thinking mitigates the negative impact of large assortments.
The Anvil Effect in the Spherical Indentation Testing on Sheet Metals

Abstract Spherical indentation hardness tests are widely used in manufacturing industry to obtain material property of the workpiece. For the indentation test on sheet metals, significant error can occur in measuring the penetration depth due to the anvil effect. This anvil effect is manifested with decreasing specimen thickness and increasing indentation depth. This paper critically reviews the experimental observations of the anvil effect, and studies the mechanism behind it. The experimental results and numerical simulations suggest that, when the thickness of the specimen is reduced, a change in deformation mode is experienced during the indentation process. A correction method for the anvil effect is proposed and an empirical equation is derived to determine the effective indentation depth. The experimental and numerical investigations have important implications for the interpretation of the indentation anvil effect; and the correction method for anvil effects can be used in hardness measurement to obtain accurate material property.
Ventricular assist devices for advanced heart failure

The limited number of donor organs for orthotopic heart transplantation has boosted interest in alternative therapies, including mechanical circulatory support. Ventricular assist devices (VADs) were developed in the 1960s to help patients who could not be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass following cardiac surgery. Since then, attention has focused on creating a safe, durable, and hemodynamically effective device for the patient with advanced heart failure.
The Virtual Steel Sculpture--Limit State Analyses and Applications of Steel Connections.

The integrity of a structural system depends on the strength of materials, shape of the individual member and the elements used to hold the members together. In most undergraduate civil engineering curricula, a structural steel and/or reinforced concrete design course is required. Usually, the main focus of these courses is on member selection (size and shape) for a given material. Moreover, the time available for connection design is usually limited. To provide a 24/7 access to students who are interested in learning more about steel connection design, with the support from the National Science Foundation, a Virtual Steel Sculpture was developed. The Virtual Steel Sculpture not only provides a 360-degree view of different type of connections, but also provides information on their limit states, field examples, and finite element models showing stress distributions. In this paper, the discussion is focused solely on the content of the sample design calculation for each connection shown in the Virtual Steel Sculpture. These sample calculations were created as additional examples that could supplement class lecture to enhance students' learning.
Individual, social and environmental determinants of sleep among women: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction Sleep is important to promote optimal health and avoid negative health outcomes. Short-duration and low-quality sleep may be more common and more detrimental among women compared with men. Identifying the determinants of behaviour is one of the first steps in designing effective interventions. To our knowledge, no systematic review has identified the individual, social and environmental determinants of sleep among adult women. Methods and analysis Studies reporting data on adult women from 18 to 64 years of age will be included. On the basis of ecological models of health behaviour and sleep, the types of determinants that will be included in the review are individual (eg, demographic, psychological and behavioural), social (eg, family) and environmental (eg, physical environment and policies) determinants. Observational (cross-sectional and longitudinal) and experimental studies will be included. MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE and Proquest Dissertations and Theses will be investigated. Data will be extracted independently by two reviewers using a standardised data extraction form. The quality of observational studies will be assessed using the National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies and the quality of experimental studies will be assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Study. If there is a sufficient number of studies reporting data on a similar determinant among a similar population (k>5), a meta-analysis of the results will be performed with a random-effects model. If between-study heterogeneity is high (I2 ≥75%), it will be investigated through sensitivity analyses and meta-regression. Ethics and dissemination Formal ethical approval is not required as no primary data will be collected. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. This review will provide valuable information to those interested in developing empirically based sleep interventions among women. PROSPERO registration number CRD42017056894.
Obesity, physical activity, and breast cancer survival among older breast cancer survivors in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort

Nearly half of the 3.5 million female breast cancer survivors in the US are aged 65 years or older at diagnosis, yet little is known about associations of obesity and physical activity with breast cancer-specific mortality (BCSM) among older survivors. Between 1992 and 2013, 5254 women in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort were diagnosed with local or regional breast cancer among whom 1771 deaths (505 breast cancer deaths) occurred. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine associations of pre- and post-diagnosis body mass index (BMI) and moderate–vigorous physical activity (MET-hours/week) with mortality outcomes stratified by age at diagnosis (<65, ≥65 years). Among women ≥65 years of age at diagnosis (n = 4226), pre- and post-diagnosis BMI (per 5 kg/m2) were associated with a higher risk of BCSM (pre-diagnosis, HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.14–1.41; post-diagnosis, HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04, 1.36); neither pre- nor post-diagnosis physical activity was associated with BCSM. Among women <65 years of age at diagnosis (n = 1028), BMI at both time points were not significantly associated with BCSM; however, there was a significant inverse trend of post-diagnosis physical activity with BCSM (P-trend = 0.01). Among both age groups, BMI and physical activity, regardless of when assessed, were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Higher BMI, pre- or post-diagnosis, was associated with a higher risk of BCSM in older patients, independent of comorbidities and stage at diagnosis. Weight management should be discussed even with women aged 65 years or older to lower rates of BCSM.
Effect of feeding distillers grains during different phases of production and addition of postmortem antioxidants on shelf life of ground beef

ABSTRACT Feeding distillers grains (DGS) to cattle can increase PUFA concentration, increase lipid oxidation, and decrease color stability of beef. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding DGS and the postmortem addition of antioxidants on the shelf life of ground beef products. Crossbred heifers (n = 64; initial BW = 225 kg) were supplemented with different amounts of modified DGS (MDGS; 0.91 or 2.27 kg daily, DM basis) during backgrounding and finished on diets containing corn gluten feed or MDGS. Four beef shoulder clods from each dietary group were ground independently. Fatty acid composition was analyzed in lean tissue, s.c. fat, and composite samples. Raw patties in retail display were analyzed for lipid oxidation, percent discoloration, and objective color. Cooked beef links were manufactured with salt, phosphate, and varying quantities of an antioxidant (rosemary and green tea extract), and lipid oxidation was measured throughout storage. Finishing cattle fed MDGS had greater C18:2 and PUFA (P ≤ 0.028) content in all locations, whereas cattle supplemented with greater amounts of MDGS during backgrounding had more C18:0 (P = 0.005) and less C16:1 (P = 0.020) in s.c. fat. Raw ground beef from heifers finished with MDGS discolored at a greater rate (P
Interprofessional Education: Opportunities and Challenges for Psychology.

This manuscript is an outgrowth of an invited panel presentation at the national Association for Psychologists in Academic Health Centers Conference in 2017 on Interprofessional Education (IPE). IPE is a structured and transformative educational strategy designed to provide active learning experiences where trainees from diverse healthcare professions gain shared content knowledge plus collaboration skills as they learn about, from, and with each other. Collaboration skills include understanding professional role distinctions and overlap, effective team-based communication, shared values/ethics and respect for each other’s expertise, and teamwork dynamics. It is increasingly important to expand training beyond the intraprofessional activities in which psychology trainees engage to prepare them to participate in interprofessional collaborative care. As healthcare systems move to team-based collaborative practice and value-based reimbursement models, the profession of psychology needs leaders at every academic health center to facilitate the design and/or implementation of IPE activities. The panel of psychologists presented roles that psychologists play in IPE institutional program design and implementation, graduate training programs, and the perspectives of an early career psychologist and psychology trainee. Opportunities and challenges are highlighted, culminating in a call to action. Psychologists must embrace their identity as health professionals and engage their learners in IPE so that the emerging cognitive schemata of healthcare that is developed includes the profession of psychology. Otherwise, healthcare teams and health professionals will not understand the value, roles, or potential contributions of psychologists in enhancing patient care outcomes, ultimately jeopardizing psychologists’ referrals, involvement in healthcare delivery, and career opportunities.
Abstract 14396: Purification of Cardiomyocytes From Differentiating Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Molecular Beacons Targeting Cardiomyocyte-specific mRNA

Background: Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer unprecedented hopes for myocardial repair; however, there are numerous technical hurdles for their clinical uses. While methods for generating cardiomyocytes (CMs) from PSCs have been reported, currently available methods produce only heterogeneous mixtures of CMs and non-CM cells may cause negative outcomes. Therefore, it has been highly required to develop strategies to purify homogeneous populations of CM for their further clinical applications. Here, we report an entirely novel system in which PSC-derived CMs can be purified by CM-specific molecular beacons (MBs). MBs are nano-scale probes that emit a fluorescence signal when hybridized to target mRNAs. We hypothesized that MBs targeting CM-specific mRNA can specifically bind to CMs and allow to sort MB positive CM population by FACS. Method and Results: Five MBs targeting mRNAs of either cardiac troponin T or myosin heavy chain 6 and -7 were generated. Among five MBs, a MB targeting myosin heavy chain 6 and -7 mRNA (MHC1-MB) identified up to 99% of HL-1 CMs, an immortalized mouse CM cell line, but less than 3% of four non-CM cell types in flow cytometry analysis, indicating that MHC1-MB is specific for identifying CMs. We delivered MHC1-MB into cardiomyogenically differentiated PSCs through nucleofection and found that the detection rate of CMs was similar to the percentages of cardiac troponin T (TNNT2) or cardiac troponin I (TNNI3)-positive CMs, supporting the specificity of MBs. Finally, ~97% of CMs from mouse and human PSC differentiating cultures FACS-sorted with MHC1-MBs expressed TNNT2- or TNNI3 determined by flow cytometry. These MB-based sorted cells maintained their CM characteristics verified by spontaneous beating, electrophysiologic studies, and expression of cardiac proteins by immunocytochemistry. When transplanted in a myocardial infarction model, while unpurified CMs derived from mESCs developed tumors, MB-based purified CMs improved cardiac function and demonstrated significant engraftment for 4 weeks without forming tumors. Conclusion: We developed a novel CM selection system that allows production of highly purified CMs. These purified CMs and this system can be valuable for cell therapy and drug discovery.
Measurement of the consistency of plastic vegetable fats

1. An improved micropenetrometer is described, by means of which it is possible to measure the consistency of fats with a high degree of precision. 2. The intelligent use of a micropenetration method requires some consideration of the theory of plasticity in fats. This theory is briefly discussed. 3. The influence of various factors on the consistency of solidified fats has been investigated, and as a result of this investigation a standard technique for making micropenetration tests is proposed. 4. Micropenetration data are recorded on cottonseed, peanut, and soybean oils hydrogenated to different degrees, on cottonseed oil blended with various proportions of highly hydrogenated oil, and on various commercial samples of shortening and margarine. 5. A quick micropenetration method, applicable as a control in the hydrogenation of fat products, is described.
A mouse isn't a rat, but what's the big deal? A question of authority.

A Question of Authority. This article deals with a certain scenario and several reviewers are to give their opinion. This one is in regards to - Suspending an IACUC approved animal use activity is about the last thing a research institution wants to do. Consider the predicament that the Great Eastern University IACUC faced when Dr. Janet Jenkins, the Attending Veterinarian, suspended all animal use activity on an approved protocol of Dr. Roy Maslo. Jenkins had the IACUCs authority to temporarily suspend a protocol, subject to review by a quorum of the full committee. She alleged that Maslo used mice from his breeding colony, not purchased rats, to begin a new study. Jenkins saw Maslos technicians bringing mouse cages to a procedure room and setting up for a minor survival surgery. She asked them to wait until she clarified things as she felt confident that the protocol called for rats. She called Maslo and asked him if the study had been approved for mice, to which he responded affirmatively. Still not feeling quite assured, she went to her office, reviewed the protocol, and found only rat studies described. She also called the IACUC office to see if there were anymore » approved amendments which she may not have received, and was told that there were none. By the time she returned, one procedure was completed. Understandably upset, she informed the technicians and Maslo that any further activity on the protocol was suspended until the issue was resolved. Jenkins informed the IACUC chairman who in turned called an emergency meeting of the committee.« less
Race News: Black Journalists and the Fight for Racial Justice in the Twentieth Century

If the greatest single power among African Americans in the twentieth century was the press, then its history certainly deserves more research, and historians will find Fred Carroll’s Race News to ...
High-dimensional regression analysis links magnetic resonance imaging features and protein expression and signaling pathway alterations in breast invasive carcinoma.

Background Imaging features derived from MRI scans can be used for not only breast cancer detection and measuring disease extent, but can also determine gene expression and patient outcomes. The relationships between imaging features, gene/protein expression, and response to therapy hold potential to guide personalized medicine. We aim to characterize the relationship between radiologist-annotated tumor phenotypic features (based on MRI) and the underlying biological processes (based on proteomic profiling) in the tumor. Methods Multiple-response regression of the image-derived, radiologist-scored features with reverse-phase protein array expression levels generated association coefficients for each combination of image-feature and protein in the RPPA dataset. Significantly-associated proteins for features were analyzed with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Hierarchical clustering of the results of the pathway analysis determined which features were most strongly correlated with pathway activity and cellular functions. Results Each of the twenty-nine imaging features was found to have a set of significantly correlated molecules, associated biological functions, and pathways. Conclusions We interrogated the pathway alterations represented by the protein expression associated with each imaging feature. Our study demonstrates the relationships between biological processes (via proteomic measurements) and MRI features within breast tumors.
NAO robot for cooperative rehabilitation training.

IntroductionThe aim of this research is to develop a robot-assistive training approach for the disabled individuals with impaired upper limb functions. People with impaired upper limb function can ...
Giving Voice to Silence: Empowerment and Disempowerment in the Developmental Shift from Trauma ‘Victim’ to ‘Survivor-Advocate’

In the past several years, a public conversation in the United States about interpersonal violence has flourished, sustained by the work of advocates who are themselves survivors. This surge in pub...
Reperfusion Therapy Frequency and Outcomes in Mild Ischemic Stroke in the United States

Background and Purpose: More than half of patients with acute ischemic stroke have minor neurological deficits; however, the frequency and outcomes of reperfusion therapy in regular practice has no...
Core energies of dislocations in bcc metals

Accurate methods and an efficient workflow for computing and documenting dislocation core energies are developed and applied to $\frac{1}{2}\ensuremath{\langle}111\ensuremath{\rangle}$ and $\ensuremath{\langle}100\ensuremath{\rangle}$ dislocations in five body-centered cubic (bcc) metals W, Ta, V, Mo, and $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-Fe represented by 13 model interatomic potentials. For each dislocation type, dislocation core energies are extracted for a large number of dislocation characters thoroughly sampling the entire 2-space of crystallographic line orientations of the bcc lattice. Of particular interest, core energies of the $\frac{1}{2}\ensuremath{\langle}111\ensuremath{\rangle}{110}$ dislocations are found to be distinctly asymmetric with respect to the sign of the character angle, whereas core energies of $\ensuremath{\langle}100\ensuremath{\rangle}{110}$ junction dislocations exhibit marked cusps for line orientations vicinal to the closed-packed $\ensuremath{\langle}111\ensuremath{\rangle}$ directions. Our findings furnish substantial insights for developing accurate models of dislocation core energies employed in mesoscale dislocation dynamics simulations of crystal plasticity.
Automatic Extracapsular Extension Identification in Head and Neck Cancer Using Deep Neural Network with Local-Global Information.

Purpose/Objective(s) The extracapsular extension (ECE) is a strong predictor of patients' survival outcomes with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). ECE occurs when metastatic tumor cells within the lymph node break through the nodal capsule into surrounding tissues. It is crucial to identify the occurrence of ECE as it changes staging and management for the patients. Current clinical ECE detection relying on radiologists' visual identification is extremely labor-intensive, time-consuming, and error-prone, and consequently, pathologic confirmation is required. Therefore, we aim to perform ECE identification automatically using a deep learning-based technique to analyze the presence or absence of ECE and correlate that with gold standard histopathological findings. Materials/Methods This research proposes a novel deep learning method to detect ECE from 3D computed tomography (CT) scans. The proposed network has multi-scale input that captures both local and global information. The two types of inputs are fitted into two pathways with deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), 3D CNN baseline and 3D DenseNet. A sliding-cube approach is applied to extract small paired 3D patches from patient data with different scales at data preparation. The network will classify the patient based on patch-level classification results. Different training scenarios are designed for the experimental test. Results Based on five-fold cross-validation, the experimental results have demonstrated that our model can identify ECE and non-ECE patients, specifically in the patch-level. We have achieved the ECE detection with 96.92% accuracy 98.84% AUC. Detailed results are shown in the Table 1. Conclusion The study demonstrates the ability to use a deep learning-based method for ECE direct detection. The proposed local-global network can help capture sufficient features and achieve high classification accuracy. The outcome of this research is expected to promote the implementation of artificial intelligence for ECE identification for head and neck cancer diagnosis in the radiology computer vision field.
Multi-target tracking in a two-tier hierarchical architecture

In this paper, a two-tier hierarchical architecture is proposed to address the multi-target tracking problem using a particle probability hypothesis density filtering algorithm. According to a proposed cluster scheduling method, the base station selects active clusters at each time step and determines their order for the sequential data fusion in the second level of hierarchy. Within each active cluster, sensors transmit their measurement-sets to the cluster head, which processes the information locally and estimates the number of targets and their states. The proposed architecture works well even when the target dynamics and/or measurement process is severely nonlinear. The performance of this architecture is demonstrated in the application of bearing and signal strength tracking.
Mid-infrared detection of atmospheric CH 4 , N 2 O and H 2 O based on a single continuous wave quantum cascade laser

A continuous wave, distributed feedback quantum cascade laser based absorption system was developed and demonstrated for simultaneous atmospheric CH 4 , N 2 O and H 2 O detection, with minimum detection limits below 2% of their typical atmospheric concentrations.
USING OTOLITH CHEMISTRY TAGS AND GROWTH PATTERNS TO DISTINGUISH MOVEMENTS AND PROVENANCE OF NATIVE FISH IN THE GRAND CANYON

Fish otolith and water chemistry were assessed in the Grand Canyon reach of the Colorado River and its tributaries. Aqueous strontium and selenium (in ratio to calcium) and carbon stable isotopic ratios were identified as markers with excellent potential to track the provenance and movements of the endangered humpback chub Gila cypha. Although otolith δ13C and Sr/Ca varied proportionately to water chemistry and provided a framework for detailed study of humpback chub movements, otolith Se/Ca showed ambiguous tracking of known water chemistries. As an application, we document the natal source and movement dynamics of n = 10 humpback chub and compare these findings from otolith microchemistry with the current paradigm of humpback chub spawning ecology. We found that seven of ten fish follow the current early life history paradigm and were spawned in the Little Colorado River and subsequently emigrated to the main stem Colorado River as juveniles. However, the otolith markers of three fish suggest an alternative early life trajectory with unknown provenance. Age and growth analyses demonstrate seasonally higher growth rates in the warmer Little Colorado River compared with the Colorado River. Combining natural markers with age and growth reconstructions provides a powerful tool for assessing the habitat use and success of humpback chub in the Grand Canyon. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ionization and fragmentation of dimethylzinc, trimethylaluminum, and trimethylantimony

Ionization and appearance potentials determined with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer are reported for the principal positive ions in the mass spectra of dimethylzinc, trimethylaluminum, and trimethylantimony. The heats of formation, deduced by the application of the experimentally determined energetics and additional thermochemical data, have been listed for the principal positive ions of the three metal alkyls. The observed ionization potentials for Zn(CH3)2 (8.86±0.15 eV), Al(CH3)3 (9.09±0.26 eV), and Sb(CH3)3 (8.04±0.16 eV) are compared to the ionization potentials reported previously for methyl-substituted metal compounds. Additionally, the ionization potentials of the following radicals have been estimated: Zn(CH3) ⋍ 9.2 eV; Al(CH3)2 ⋍ 6.6 eV; AlCH3 ⋍ 7.8 eV; Sb(CH3)2 ⋍ 7.7 eV; and SbCH3 ⋍ 9.4 eV.
In search of closure: subjective contour illusions, Gestalt completion tests, and implications

Abstract This study investigates the construct validity of perceptual closure tests (CTs), and isolates a common processing demand from the right-hemisphere. Sixty-seven patients with focal unilateral lesions (34 right side, 33 left side), and 80 control subjects participated. Multivariate analyses indicated that (1) there was substantial age-related variance in all CTs, while sex was variably significant; (2) CTs are not uniform in their discriminating ability, and hence factorially complex; and (3) their specifically right hemisphere-sensitive dimension was subjective contour illusions, and interestingly unrelated to facial discrimination ability. The methodological and theoretical implications are discussed.
A Descriptive Analysis of the Characteristics of the Microcomputer Periodical Literature.

Une analyse de la litterature periodique courante produite aux Etats-Unis sur les microordinateurs est proposee. L'etude examine les caracteristiques de l'edition et du contenu de cette litterature, la nature de son indexation et les possibilites d'acces aux titres. Divers problemes fondamentaux sont ainsi precises, tels que la surabondance des titres en ce domaine, la repetition des themes traites, le manque d'indexation et la non-disponibilite des titres dans les bibliotheques. En general, la litterature periodique en micro-informatique reflete parfaitement la nature changeante et dynamique du domaine en question. (INTD)
Cerebral vasospasm associated with intraventricular hemorrhage.

Background and Purpose: Cerebral vasospasm remains a major complication associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Although several case reports have demonstrated that intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) related to a ruptured arteriovenous malformation can result in vasospasm in the absence of subarachnoid hemorrhage, to our knowledge, this is the first case report of cerebral vasospasm associated with primary IVH. Case Report: A 44-year-old female was admitted with cerebellar infarction secondary to left posteroinferior cerebellar artery occlusion. Her hospital stay was complicated by primary IVH. Three days after her IVH, she became disoriented and developed a peculiar interest in counting numbers. This behavioral change was associated with an increase in cerebral blood flow velocity in the anterior circulation. Middle cerebral artery M1 velocity almost doubled from 65 to 130 cm/second. Her symptoms resolved with initiation of hypervolemia, hypertension, and hemodilution (triple H) therapy. Conclusions: Cerebral vasospasm may contribute to the comorbidities of IVH. Routine transcranial Doppler may be warranted for screening of cerebral vasospasm in IVH patients.
Thermal Destruction of Streptococcus faecalis in Prepared Frozen Foodsa

SUMMARY The thermal destruction rates of Streptococcus faecalis, ATCC 7080, were determined in a selected group of meat and fish precooked frozen products. Data on heat transfer through these products in a hot air household electric oven, were also obtained. Accordingly, the theoretical thermal treatments required to render such products commercially sterile were computed following the procedure of the General method of process calculation for canned foods with some modification. Inoculated product tests were also made to confirm the adequacy of the computed thermal treatments. It is concluded that the procedure adopted for establishing the thermal treatment was accurate and proved feasible for this type of product. Based on the thermal resistance of our test strain, the heat treatments recommended on the commercial packages seem to be adequate, provided the heating and cooling procedures are similar to those followed in the present experiments. In the case of one product out of the five tested, however, the minimum recommended heating period fell short of the computed thermal requirement for that product.
Plant Species Diversity of Highway Roadsides in Southern New England

Abstract Mowed roadsides represent a significant proportion of the grassland habitat in New England, but they receive little attention from naturalists. We sought to test the assumption that mowed roadsides are ecological wastelands dominated by deliberately seeded introduced perennial grass species. Surveys of seven sites in Rhode Island during the summer of 2008 revealed that roadsides are important refugia for grassland plants, including two species and two subspecies believed to be rare in New England. We found 80 grass and forb species, 45% of which are native. We also examined the effects of distance from the road and topography on the relative distributions of annual versus perennial species and of native versus introduced species. Perennial species cover increased with distance from the road at all seven sites, and the number of perennial species increased at five sites. The front slope had the most annual species and the most annual cover at all sites. Perennial species dominated the back slope, ...
Do positive psychological states shed light on recovery from bereavement? Findings from a 3-year longitudinal study.

The purpose of the current study was to document the course and 1-month postbereavement predictors of both positive and negative psychological states in bereaved gay male caregivers for 3 years following the death of their partners. The results show that although the patterns of postbereavement depressive mood and positive psychological states were similar, some of their predictors differed. Given that the processes that produce positive psychological states are not the same as those that produce negative states, our findings support the inclusion of both positive and negative psychological states in studies of postbereavement adjustment.
PhytoPET: Design and initial results of modular PET for plant biology

We have developed a positron emission tomography (PET) system designed specifically for plant imaging in Phytotron at Duke University. Initial evaluation of a PhytoPET system to image the biodistribution of the positron emitting tracer 11C in live plants is presented. The mechanical arrangement of the detectors is designed to accommodate the unpredictable and random distribution in space of the plant parts such as stems, leaves, and roots. Prototyping such a system requires a completely new PET system design strategy different from preclinical and clinical applications. This PhytoPET design allows flexible arrangements of PET detectors based on individual standalone detector modules built from single 5 cm × 5 cm Hamamatsu H8500 position sensitive photomultiplier tubes. Each H8500 is coupled to a L YSO:Ce scintillator array composed of 48 × 48 elements that are 10 mm thick with a 1 mm pitch. Initial results provide planar PET images from two different arrangements (1 × 4 or 2 × 2) for flexible imaging capability.
Spinning Performance and Yarn Properties of Cotton-Polyester Blends:

Cottons from the California, Memphis, New Mexico, and West Texas growth areas were blended with polyester staple to determine the effects of different cottons on the spinning performance and yarn quality of several blend levels. Combed 60's and carded 20's yarns were produced. For the combed study 65% cotton 35% polyester, 50% cotton—50% poly cster, and 35% cotton—65% polyester blends were processed. For the carded phase 100% cotton, 75% cotton—25% polyester, and 50% cotton—50% polyester blends were processed. The New Mexico cotton produced the best results in the combed phase. The California cotton produced better results than the Memphis cotton except for the 35% cotton— 65% polyester blend. A 1-in. West Texas cotton, a 29/32-in. West Texas cotton, a 1.50-in. polyester staple, and a 1.25-in. polyester staple were used i the carded study. The longer cotton produced the better results. The number of ends down decreased with the increased presence and length of the polyester staple. The longer polyester pr...
Accumulation of ornithine by chick retinal pigment epithelium cells in culture

This study was designed to measure the accumulation of ornithine in retinal pigment epithelium cells grown in culture. Ornithine accumulated in retinal pigment epithelium cells in which the ornithine aminotransferase activity was inhibited with L-canaline. The effect of L-canaline was eliminated by the concomitant presence of methionine.
Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions from California high-rise layer houses

Abstract Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are hazardous substances that are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through community right-to-know legislation (EPCRA, EPA, 2011 ). The emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from large commercial layer facilities are of concern to legislators and nearby neighbors. Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) released from layer houses are two of seven criteria pollutants for which EPA has set National Ambient Air Quality Standards as required by the Clean Air Act. Therefore, it is important to quantify the baseline emissions of these pollutants. The emissions of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and PM from two California high-rise layer houses were monitored for two years from October 2007 to October 2009. Each house had 32,500 caged laying hens. The monitoring site was setup in compliance with a U.S. EPA-approved quality assurance project plan. The results showed the average daily mean emission rates of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide were 0.95 ± 0.67 (standard deviation) g d−1 bird−1, 1.27 ± 0.78 mg d−1 bird−1 and 91.4 ± 16.5 g d−1 bird−1, respectively. The average daily mean emission rates of PM2.5, PM10 and total suspended particulate (TSP) were 5.9 ± 12.6, 33.4 ± 27.4, and 78.0 ± 42.7 mg d−1 bird−1, respectively. It was observed that ammonia emission rates in summer were lower than in winter because the high airflow stabilized the manure by drying it. The reductions due to lower moisture content were greater than the increases due to higher temperature. However, PM10 emission rates in summer were higher than in winter because the drier conditions coupled with higher internal air velocities increased PM10 release from feathers, feed and manure.
Long-Term CO2 Sorption on Upper Freeport Coal Powder and Lumps

Powder and lumps of the Argonne Premium Upper Freeport coal were compared in a 9-month-long CO2 sorption−desorption study. On the basis of the slope analysis, CO2 induced the lumps swelling by 7%. The powder swelled by 8% and then rapidly shrank by 3% on desorption. This was verified by a “single point” injection of helium and the pressure-and-density technique, which was sufficiently sensitive. Low-pressure Langmuir-fit parameters suggest that the microporous textures of the powder and lumps are similar. The samples demonstrated greatly increased sticking coefficients and a slightly larger number of the “sorption ready” sites, after the CO2-induced swelling and structural rearrangement resulted in variable degrees of the matrix shrinkage. No permanent changes in the void volume and dry mass were detected after complete desorption. The observed hysteresis in sorption−desorption behavior of both samples upon the approach to the CO2 density fluctuation ridge is interpreted as a contribution of condensation ...
Scour Channel Development After Spillway Failure

Hydraulic structure failure such as the failure of the spillway of a dam may afford the opportunity to evaluate the impacts of this type of event on the formation and migration of a scour channel upstream of the spillway. Such an event occurred in November 1985 at the Lake Charleston dam in Illinois. A portion of the spillway failed during a moderate flood event, and the resulting concentrated flow developed a scour hole (“sinkhole”) which migrated upstream until its movement was halted by a rock ledge. The bed elevation of this scour channel was much lower than the original lake bed. Field data on velocity distribution, bed material characteristics, stream gradient, and stream cross sections were collected to evaluate this hydraulic phenomenon. These data and existing streamflow and sediment rating information were used to simulate the development of the scour channel. The HEC‐6 model was found to simulate this event quite satisfactorily. Analyses such as this can be a valuable tool in evaluating natural...
Making dust: The symbolic landscape of homelessness

This essay sets a context that helps clarify the relationship of the dominant culture to the social problem of homelessness. In creating a monolithic conception of homelessness and in reducing the problem solely to matters of housing, contemporary perceptions have worked to fragment the whole social environment in which homelessness is an irreducible part. By subjecting such historically derived positions to a carefully considered cultural and symbolic analysis, the essay reveals the enduring cultural meaning and social significance of homelessness over the past century, offering a special focus on the mystifications of the social problem evident in our present historical moment.
JOB SATISFACTION FACETS AS PREDICTORS OF COMMITMENT TO OR WITHDRAWAL FROM THE WORK ORGANIZATION AMONG SELECTED COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY IN NEW YORK STATE

A perusal of the literature on the job satisfaction of community college faculty members reveals that most are generally satisfied with their jobs, but many are said to be relatively dissatisfied with certain aspects of their jobs. The present study examined the differential effects of five job satisfaction facets on commitment to the organization and the propensity to leave the job among community college developmental educators within New York State. The results showed that satisfaction with the work itself, promotional opportunities, and co‐workers were the most important dimensions in explaining the variance in each dependent variable. Consistent with the finding in previous studies, the intrinsic aspect of the work itself was the chief predictor of organizational and value commitment and the propensity to leave. Implications for organizational and administrative practice are discussed.
Surgical treatment of occipitocervical instability.

Objective Instability of the occipitocervical junction can be a challenging surgical problem because of the unique anatomic and biomechanical characteristics of this region. We review the causes of instability and the development of surgical techniques to stabilize the occipitocervical junction. Methods Occipitocervical instrumentation has advanced significantly, and modern modular screw-based constructs allow for rigid short-segment fixation of unstable elements while providing the stability needed to achieve successful fusion in nearly 100% of patients. This article reviews the preoperative planning, the variety of instrumentation and surgical strategies, as well as the postoperative care of these patients. Results Current constructs use occipital plates that are rigidly fixed to the thick midline keel of the occipital bone, polyaxial screws that can be placed in many different trajectories, and rods that are bent to approximate the acute occipitocervical angle. These modular constructs provide a variety of methods to achieve fixation in the atlantoaxial complex, including transarticular screws or C1 lateral mass screws in combination with C2 pars, C2 pedicle, or C2 translaminar trajectories. Conclusion Surgical techniques for occipitocervical instrumentation and fusion are technically challenging and require meticulous preoperative planning and a thorough understanding of the regional anatomy, instrumentation, and constructs. Modern screw-based techniques for occipitocervical fusion have established clinical success and demonstrated biomechanical stability, with fusion rates approaching 100%.
Impact of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Pubertal Changes in Adiposity and Metabolic Profiles in Latino Offspring

In the past 3 decades, more research has shown intrauterine exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can place offspring at increased risk for long-term health problems, such as obesity, altered glucose metabolism and insulin action, and type 2 diabetes6,7,8. Observational studies have shown that diabetes during pregnancy is associated with higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in the offspring13,14. Gillman et al found that offspring of GDM mothers had a 30% increased risk of being overweight, after controlling for energy balance, socioeconomic status and birth weight2. Few studies have examined the effect of GDM on adiposity and fat distribution, beyond BMI. GDM has also been linked to increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the offspring. Most notably are the studies conducted on the Pima Indians6 and the birth cohort from the Diabetes Pregnancy Study (DPS)8. In the Pima Indian cohorts, 45% of offspring from mothers with GDM (20 to 24 years of age) developed diabetes compared with 9% of offspring from mothers who became diabetic after pregnancy7, and 1.4% of offspring from mothers who had not had GDM or later type 2 diabetes. Data from the DPS showed that offspring of diabetic mothers had a higher prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance than age-and sex-matched controls8. Few studies have examined the intrauterine exposure to elevated glucose concentrations on insulin secretion and sensitivity in the offspring, beyond fasting levels. One recent study by Bush et al15 on 21 mother-child pairs, with prepubertal children (5 to 10 years of age) showed that maternal gestational glucose was associated with lower insulin sensitivity and greater static beta-cell response in prepubertal children, independent of their body composition. However, maternal GDM was not significantly associated with children's disposition index (DI), which is considered the global estimate of beta-cell response to glucose. Given that puberty is a period in life marked by insulin resistance and subsequent compensatory insulin secretion16, it is important to examine the role of maternal GDM on insulin action in the offspring across this key life transition. Therefore, this study examines how maternal GDM status affects longitudinal changes in adiposity, lipid profiles, and glucose and insulin action in overweight Latino offspring (ages 8 to 20 years) as they traverse puberty. We hypothesize that GDM offspring compared with non-GDM offspring will have greater adiposity and exhibit metabolic disorders at baseline and across puberty transition.