cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mandibular augmentation with hydroxyapatite

This study investigated the success of hydroxyapatite mandibular augmentation in nine patients, the histologic response around hydroxyapatite, and the effect of collagen in localizing hydroxyapatite. It can be concluded that hydroxyapatite is biocompatible, causes minimal inflammatory response, and can increase denture retention. However, a large number of patients develop lip paresthesia, and hydroxyapatite migrates. Paresthesia might be avoided by altering the surgical technique to avoid manipulation of the mental nerve, and collagen might be a useful binder to confine hydroxyapatite particles. Further studies are in progress to develop new methods to place the hydroxyapatite and materials to confine it.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of calcium phosphate nanowhiskers

Calcium phosphate [single-phase hydroxyapatite (HA), single-phase tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and biphasic HA-TCP] nanowhiskers and/or powders were produced by using a novel microwave-assisted “combustion synthesis (auto ignition)/molten salt synthesis” hybrid route. This work is an example of our “synergistic processing” philosophy combining these three technologies while taking advantage of their useful aspects. Aqueous solutions containing NaNO3, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and KH2PO4 (with or without urea) were irradiated in a household microwave oven for 5 min at 600 watts of power. The as-synthesized precursors were then simply stirred in water at room temperature for 1 h to obtain the nanowhiskers or powders of the desired calcium phosphate bioceramics.
Mechanistic aspects of ion-sensitive membrane electrodes. A subjective view

Progress in the field of ion-selective membrane electrodes is viewed in terms of a dynamic interplay between advances in mechanistic understanding and the development of practical electrodes. Techniques used for the elucidation of glass, liquid, and crystal membrane electrode operation are discussed and possible mechanisms are considered.
Ionization, transport, separation, and detection of ions in non-electrolyte containing liquids.

Liquid phase ion mobility spectrometry (LPIMS) has the potential to be miniaturized such that it can be incorporated into chip based technology, providing higher performance in terms of both detection sensitivity and resolving power than is currently available by other separation technologies such as gas phase IMS, chromatography, or electrophoresis. This work presents modeling, simulation, and experimental investigations to characterize the mobility of ions in a liquid phase. This study included the ionization, transfer, separation, and detection of ions in non-electrolyte liquids. Using a resistive glass tube, mobility spectra were obtained by pulsed ionization for several different analytes, namely, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylammonium chloride, and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP). Ion separation was demonstrated by separating solvent ions from the ions generated from the test compounds. Simulation and theoretical resolving power calculations were made to validate the experimental mobilit...
Experimenatal test bed for hybrid recording

An experimental test bed for investigating the hybrid recording process and that allows for the precise visual alignment of the optical spot and magnetic head is described. Using this spin stand experiments have been performed on three types of hybrid recording where the critical bit dimensions are determined by using either, or both, the thermal and magnetic field profiles. By changing the relative alignment of the optical spot and magnetic head in the down track position four distinct types of marks unique to the hybrid recording process are observed.
Standard format two-color CMOS ROIC for SLS detectors

Abstract The ISC0903 is a 320 × 256, standard format, two-color CMOS readout integrated circuit (ROIC) designed for strained-layer superlattice (SLS) detectors. The detector interface is supported through one input pad in each 30 micron pixel. One bit in the serial control word programs the chip to automatically adjust all biases and timing to allow for the integration of either electrons or holes. This feature allows users to easily operate this ROIC with a wide variety of p-on-n or n-on-p detectors. The ROIC has been specifically designed to allow for both polarities of detectors to be placed back-to-back and to connect to the ROIC through the one input pad to obtain a two-color image. The two-color image is achieved by switching the ROIC mode between the two colors on a per-frame basis. This paper will describe the interface, design, and features of the ISC0903 ROIC.
Towards Personalized Services and Products

Our focus herein is on personalized services and products -by developing an effective taxonomy for the simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains. More specifically, the taxonomy is developed in terms of its underpinning components and its research foci. Interestingly, our taxonomic approach highlights a very critical research area at which both supply and demand are flexible, thus manageable. Simultaneous management of supply and demand chains sets the stage for mass personalization which is concerned with meeting the needs of an individualized customer market. Simultaneous and real-time management of supply and demand chains, in turn, set the stage for real-time mass personalization. The benefits of real-time mass personalization can not be over-stated as products and services become indistinguishable and are co-produced in real-time, resulting in an overwhelming competitive economic advantage. Keywords -value chain, supply chain, demand chain, taxonomy, services, products, real-time management, personalization, information technology, and decision technology.
Evaluating foliar nitrogen compounds as indicators of nitrogen status in Prunus persica trees

Abstract Mobile nitrogen (N) forms may be better N indicators of the N status of trees than total nitrogen (TN) due to their higher sensitivity to increasing N supply. A field experiment was carried out over a 3-year period to compare foliar concentrations of total N (TN), soluble N (SN), chlorophyll (Minolta SPAD readings), NH4–N and NO3–N as indicators of soil N availability in nectarine, Prunus persica L. Batsch, cv. ‘Fantasia’ (grafted on ‘Nemaguard’ peach, P. persica × P. davidiana) trees. Young trees were exposed to a range of fertilizer-N application rates. Based on correlation analysis, the best association between leaf N compounds with soil N supply and trunk diameter and/or fruit yield was obtained with TN and chlorophyll SPAD readings. Leaf concentrations of mobile N compounds (NH4–N and NO3–N) increased more than any other N compound under high N supply; however, their inconsistency among years and low leaf concentration difficult their use as N indicators. The optimum foliar TN for growth decreased with tree age, 4.4%, 3.6% and 3.3% in non-bearing 1-year-old trees, non-bearing 2-year-old trees and 3.3 fruit-bearing 3-year-old trees. The optimum SPAD readings were 40 in 2-year-old trees and 42 in 3-year-old trees. Stable N compounds (TN and chlorophyll SPAD) could be used to N diagnosis in the zone of N deficiency, and soluble N compounds (NH4–N and NO3–N) to diagnoses N excess.
Decreased Temporomandibular Joint Range of Motion in a Model of Early Osteoarthritis in the Rabbit.

Purpose Analysis of mandibular biomechanics could help with understanding the mechanisms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (TMJDs), such as osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA), by investigating the effects of injury or disease on TMJ movement. The objective of the present study was to determine the functional kinematic implications of mild TMJ-OA degeneration caused by altered occlusion from unilateral splints in the rabbit. Materials and Methods Altered occlusion of the TMJ was mechanically induced in rabbits by way of a unilateral molar dental splint (n = 3). TMJ motion was assessed using 3-dimensional (3D) skeletal kinematics twice, once before and once after 6 weeks of splint placement with the splints removed, after allowing 3 days of recovery. The relative motion of the condyle to the fossa and the distance between the incisors were tracked. Results An overall decrease in the range of joint movement was observed at the incisors and in the joint space between the condyle and fossa. The incisor movement decreased from 7.0 ± 0.5 mm to 6.2 ± 0.5 mm right to left, from 5.5 ± 2.2 mm to 4.6 ± 0.8 mm anterior to posterior, and from 13.3 ± 1.8 mm to 11.6 ± 1.4 mm superior to inferior ( P P Conclusion Determining the changes in condylar movement might lead to a better understanding of the early predictors in the development of TMJ-OA and determining when the symptoms become a chronic, irreversible problem.
Information processing correlates of a size-contrast illusion

Perception is often influenced by context. A well-known class of perceptual context effects is perceptual contrast illusions, in which proximate stimulus regions interact to alter the perception of various stimulus attributes, such as perceived brightness, color and size. Although the phenomenal reality of contrast effects is well documented, in many cases the connection between these illusions and how information is processed by perceptual systems is not well understood. Here, we use noise as a tool to explore the information processing correlates of one such contrast effect: the Ebbinghaus-Titchener size-contrast illusion. In this illusion, the perceived size of a central dot is significantly altered by the sizes of a set of surrounding dots, such that the presence of larger surrounding dots tends to reduce the perceived size of the central dot (and vise-versa). In our experiments, we first replicated previous results that have demonstrated the subjective reality of the Ebbinghaus-Titchener illusion. We then used visual noise in a detection task to probe the manner in which observers processed information when experiencing the illusion. By correlating the noise with observers’ classification decisions, we found that the sizes of the surrounding contextual elements had a direct influence on the relative weight observers assigned to regions within and surrounding the central element. Specifically, observers assigned relatively more weight to the surrounding region and less weight to the central region in the presence of smaller surrounding contextual elements. These results offer new insights into the connection between the subjective experience of size-contrast illusions and their associated information processing correlates.
Fluorescent silica particles for monitoring oxygen levels in three-dimensional heterogeneous cellular structures.

Bacterial biofilms are a major obstacle challenging the development of more effective therapies to treat implant infections. Oxygen availability to bacterial cells has been implicated in biofilm formation and planktonic cell detachment; however, there are insufficient tools available to measure oxygen concentrations within complex three-dimensional structures with ∼1 µm resolution. Such measurements may complement measures of biofilm structure and cell activity to provide a more comprehensive understanding of biofilm biology. Thus, we developed oxygen-sensing microparticles specifically designed to characterize oxygen transport through the volume of bacterial biofilms. The Stober method was used to synthesize monodisperse silica microparticles of approximately the same size as a bacterium (∼1 µm). Two fluorophores, oxygen-sensitive Ru(Ph2phen3)Cl2, and the reference fluorophore Nile blue chloride were immobilized on the surface of the particles. We demonstrate application of the microparticles toward measuring the oxygen concentration profiles within a live Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109: 2663–2670. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Publisher and Advertiser Extraordinary: The E. C. Allen Collection

It is not often—perhaps fortunately—that Baker Library receives a collection totaling four tons. That was the approximate weight of material brought by moving van from Augusta, Maine, this past May. The four tons comprised the paper remains—apparently untouched since the early nineteen-hundreds—of the E. C. Allen mail-order and publishing house, which flourished in Augusta during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Of the four tons, approximately one and a half are represented by bound and unbound files of Home and Fireside, Sunshine, Golden Moments, and the dozen other farm and home magazines published by Allen and his associates. Another ton consists of the oleographs, or colored reproductions of oil paintings, distributed as premiums or as mail-order offerings. The remaining ton and a half is the measure of the business records, bound and unbound, with which we are here chiefly concerned. It is expected that the full story of the enterprise will be told later, possibly by someone working for a Ph.D. degree. But before describing the collection itself, and some of the incidents met in its arrangement, a brief account of E. C. Allen's activities will be helpful.
Diagnosis to function: Classification for children and youths

This article provides an overview of a newly approved World Health Organization framework and classification system for human functioning. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) identifies dimensions of human functioning and describes a common language for clinical practice, research, and policy development across disciplines and service systems. This presentation highlights the development of a version of the ICF for children and youths (ICF-CY) and its potential utility in developmental and behavioral pediatrics. Clinical, research, and policy dimensions are described. Limitations related to scope and clarity of the framework are also outlined. The article proposes that serious consideration be given the ICF-CY as an integrated system to clarify constructs, improve communication, and encourage coordination of health services for children and youths.
Functional characterization of the promoter region of the human phospholipid transfer protein gene.

Abstract We have identified the functional promoter region of the human phospholipid transfer protein gene. Primer extension analysis indicates multiple sites for transcription initiation. Sequence analysis reveals that the promoter consists of TATA box, high GC region, and several consensus sequences for the potential binding of transcription factors. To assay promoter activity, DNA fragments with various lengths of the 5′-flanking region were fused upstream to the luciferase gene and transfected into HepG2, COS-7, and CHO cells. A minimal promoter of 159 base pairs between −230 and −72 relative to the first transcriptional initiation site is responsible for the full activity. Two motifs, Sp1 and AP-2, are located within this area. It may suggest that the PLTP promoter activity relies primarily on the putative cis-elements in the functional region.
Ovulation and equine body temperature and heart rate circadian rhythms

Abstract Deep body temperature (DBT) and heart rate (HR) circadian rhythms were determined by radiotelemetry in 4 mares kept under controlled light and temperature conditions. Ovulations were determined by rectal palpation of their ovaries. Mean DBT values ranged from 35.85 ± .04 to 37.22 ± .02°C The circadian range of oscillation was extremely low, approximately 0.5° C, with time of maximum temperature occurring midway through the dark period. Mean HR values ranged from 36.4 ± 1.7 to 53.0 ±3.6 beats per min. The circadian range of oscillation was also low, less than 15 beats per min with time of maximum HR occurring approximately at the time of lights off. The HR circacadian rhythm peaked before the DBT circadian rhythm by 3 to 8 hrs. Ovulation did not appear to consistently affect DBT and HR circadian rhythms or their phase relationships.
Structure of Chimeric Duplex Junctions: Solution Conformation of the Retroviral Okazaki-like Fragment r(ccca)d(AATGA)·d(TCATTTGGG) from Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus†,‡

We have determined the solution structure of the synthetic chimeric duplex r(ccca)d(AATGA)· d(TCATTTGGG) by two-dimensional NMR, distance geometry, restrained molecular dynamics, and full relaxation matrix simulation of the two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser effect spectra at various mixing times. The chimeric strand of this duplex consists of the last four residues of the tRNAPro primer for (−) strand DNA synthesis of Moloney murine leukemia virus and the first five residues of the (−) strand DNA produced by extending this primer; the complementary DNA strand corresponds to the (+) strand product from this template. The hybrid section of this chimeric duplex assumes a structure similar to that found for pure hybrid duplexes of mixed sequence, while the DNA section assumes a conformation closer to B-form DNA. There is significant distortion of the duplex at the hybrid−DNA junction which is manifested in marked changes in the helical parameters buckle, roll, and tip, changes in glycosidic torsion angles, a...
Partisan losers' effects: Perceptions of electoral integrity in Mexico

We examine the partisan, logistic, and contextual factors affecting citizens' perceptions of electoral integrity. Drawing on original survey data collected at different stages of the 2012 Mexican presidential election, we find that confidence in the integrity of the electoral process varies not only over time, but also across partisanship. While those who supported the candidate on the left consistently expressed concerns about electoral corruption, supporters of the incumbent party discredited the integrity of the election only after learning their candidate's defeat. Furthermore, we provide the first empirical assessment of the relationship between voters' perceptions of electoral integrity and the presence of observers and party representatives at the polling station. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the political factors that influence citizens' trust in elections.
A C2-symmetric, basic Fe(III) carboxylate complex derived from a novel triptycene-based chelating carboxylate ligand

A triptycene-based bis(benzoxazole) diacid ligand H22L2Ph4Ph4 bearing sterically encumbering groups was synthesized. Treatment of H22L2Ph4Ph4 with Fe(OTf)3 afforded a C2-symmetric trinuclear iron(III) complex, [NaFe3(L2Ph4Ph4Ph4)2(μ3-O)(μ-O2CCPh3)2(H2O)3](OTf)2 (8). The triiron core of this complex adopts the well known “basic iron acetate” structure where the heteroleptic carboxylates, comprising two Ph3CCO2− and two (L2Ph4Ph4Ph4)2− ligands, donate the six carboxylate bridges. The (L2Ph4Ph4Ph4)2− ligand undergoes only minor conformational changes upon formation of the complex.
Matrix Isolation Study of the Reaction of CrCl2O2 with NH3: Synthesis and Characterization of ClCr(O)2NH2

Initial and secondary intermediates in the reaction of CrCl2O2 with NH3 have been characterized by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and density functional calculations. Twin-jet co-deposition of these two reagents led to a series of infrared absorptions that are assigned to the 1:1 molecular complex between these two species. The shift of ν2 of NH3 in the complex was +218 cm-1, indicating that CrCl2O2 is a moderately strong Lewis acid. Irradiation of these matrices with light of λ > 300 nm led to complete destruction of the complex and the growth of a number of new bands. These are assigned to the ClCr(O)2NH2 species, as well as to HCl arising from destruction of the complex. Identification of these species was supported by isotopic labeling (15N and 2H), as well as by B3LYP/6-311G+(2d,3p) density functional calculations. Good agreement was observed between the experimental and computed frequencies.
Perinatal Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls Alters Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Short-term Plasticity in the Hippocampus of the Adult Rat ☆

Abstract Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been associated with cognitive deficits in humans and laboratory animals. Previous work has demonstrated a reduced capacity to support long-term potentiation (LTP) in animals exposed to a PCB mixture, Aroclor 1254 (A1254) via the dam in utero and throughout the preweaning period [Brain Res. 850;1999:87–95; Toxicol. Sci. 57;2000:102–11]. Assessment of normalized input/output (I/O) functions collected prior to LTP induction failed to reveal consistent differences in baseline synaptic transmission between control and PCB-exposed groups. The present study was designed to systematically evaluate excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission using a more extensive I/O analysis and paired pulse functions to assess short-term plasticity. Pregnant Long-Evans rats were administered either corn oil (control) or 6 mg/kg per day of A1254 by gavage from gestational day (GD) 6 until pups were weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21. In adult male offspring (5–11 months of age), field potentials evoked by perforant path stimulation were recorded in the dentate gyrus under urethane anesthesia. Detailed I/O functions were assessed by averaging the responses evoked in the dentate gyrus to stimulus pulses delivered to the perforant path in an extensive ascending intensity series. Population spike (PS) and postsynaptic potential (PSP) amplitudes recorded in the dentate gyrus were significantly enhanced in PCB-exposed animals relative to controls at midrange intensities. No group differences were observed in EPSP slope amplitudes. Short-term plasticity was assessed by delivering pairs of stimulus pulses at interpulse intervals (IPIs) ranging from 10 to 70 ms. In the dentate gyrus this range of intervals activates both inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms leading to a pattern of depression at brief intervals (
Combined forced and natural convection heat transfer from a horizontal cylinder embedded in a porous medium

Abstract This paper reports the results of an experimental study of heat transfer by combined forced and natural convection from a horizontal cylinder embedded in a porous medium composed of randomly packed glass spheres saturated with water. The direction of the flow of water was horizontal and normal to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. The diameter of the cylinder, D , was 11.45mm and the equivalent diameter of the glass spheres was 3.072mm. It is shown that the condition Gr k / Re 2 D ⩽ 0.5 represents a conservative criterion for segregating heat transfer data that are predominantly governed by forced convection from those in which natural convection effects are significant. A correlation hypothesis for convection heat transfer which is based upon four assumptions, primary among which is that the flow can be (conceptually) regarded as being composed of ‘coarse’ and ‘fine’ components, is presented. This hypothesis is shown to provide a basis for successfully correlating a set of experimental heat transfer data that extends from the Darcy regime into the turbulent regime and spans the intervening Forchheimer and transition regimes. It is suggested that the correlation procedure adopted here may yield useful results if applied to other geometries such as, for example, forced convection heat transfer in ducts packed with porous media.
Infectious Co-factors in HIV-1 transmission Herpes Simplex Virus type-2 and HIV-1: New Insights and interventions

Over the last thirty years, epidemiologic and molecular studies indicate a strong and synergist relationship between the dual epidemics of herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) and HIV-1 infection. While prospective studies show that HSV-2 infection increases the risk for HIV-1 acquisition by 2- to 3-fold, HSV-2 suppression with standard prophylactic doses of HSV-2 therapy did not prevent HIV-1 acquisition. Reconciling these discrepancies requires understanding recent HSV-2 pathogenesis research, which indicates HSV-2 infection is not a latent infection with infrequent recurrence but a near constant state of reactivation and viral shedding which is not completely suppressed by standard antivirals. Because current antivirals do not prevent or fully suppress HSV-2 replication, priorities are HSV-2 vaccine development and antivirals that reach high concentrations in the genital mucosa and suppress the persistent genital inflammation associated with genital herpes reactivation in order to reduce the increased susceptibility to HIV-1 infection associated with HSV-2. HIV-1 and HSV-2 synergy is also seen among co-infected individuals who exhibit higher HIV-1 viral load compared to HSV-2 uninfected individuals. Standard HSV-2 therapy modestly lowers HIV-1 viral load and is associated with slower HIV-1 disease progression. A promising area of research is higher doses of HSV-2 suppressive therapy achieving a greater reduction in plasma HIV-1 RNA, which could translate to greater reductions in HIV-1 disease progression and infectiousness. However, many questions remain to be answered including potential effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of higher dose HSV-2 suppressive therapy. Mathematical models of HSV-2 and HIV-1 at a population level would be useful tools to estimate the potential impact and cost-effectiveness of higher dose HSV-2 suppressive therapy.
Synthesis of transition metal isocyanide compounds from carbonyl complexes via reaction with Li[Me3SiNR].

The reaction between a transition metal carbonyl compound, LnMCO, and Li[Me3SiNR] yields the corresponding isocyanide derivative, LnMCNR, thereby providing a new route to transition metal isocyanide compounds that does not require the use of free isocyanides as reagents.
Nonsuture colonic anastomosis.

Methyl-2-cyanoacrylate was used for nonsuture end-to-end anastomosis of the ascending colon in 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The results were studied in seven sacrificed rats and eight rats that died after the procedure. The mortality rate was 22 per cent in a six-month period. Twenty animals are being observed for further studies of the anastomotic site and possible late carcinogenic activity of the monomer. The local histotoxicity of methyl-2-cyanoacrylate, the strong binding capacity, the abundance of scar tissue, and the distraction of the mucosa, as pointed out by several earlier investigators, were confirmed in this work. Also, it was strongly evident that the age of the glue has a significant influence on survival. The use of tissue adhesives as a substitute for standard suture technique or as a reinforcement of an inadequate suture line requires further study. Investigations designed for improving properties of these monomers appear warranted.
Skeletal health in men with chronic lung disease: rates of testing, treatment, and fractures.

Summary To advance our understanding of the burden of fractures among men, we studied a group of men at high risk for low bone strength due to lung disease. We found high rates of fractures but low rates of bone density testing that could predict fracture before it occurs.
A survey of formal verification methods and tools for embedded and real-time systems

To facilitate the control of increasingly complex physical systems such as drive-by-wire automobiles and fly-by-wire airplanes, embedded and networked computer systems with numerous hardware and software components are increasingly required. However, this complexity also leads to more potential errors and faults, during both the design/implementation phase and the deployment/runtime phase. It is therefore essential to verify the system under control as well as the control system itself with the aid of mechanical verification tools. This paper surveys verification techniques using model checking, Statechart/Statemate, timed automata, timed Petri nets, timed process algebra, real-time logic and semantic rule-based analysis.
Ultrasound-Stimulated Vibro-Acoustic Spectrography

An ultrasound method based on radiation force is presented for imaging the acoustic response of a material to mechanical excitation. Acoustic energy was emitted from solids and tissues in response to an oscillatory radiation force produced by interfering focused beams of ultrasound. Frequency spectra of ultrasound-stimulated acoustic emission exhibited object resonances. Raster-scanning the radiation force over the object and recording the amplitude and phase of the emitted sound resulted in data from which images related to the elastic compositions of the acoustically emitting objects could be computed. Acoustic emission signals distinguished tuning-fork resonances, submillimeter glass spheres, and calcification in excised arteries and detected object motions on the order of nanometers.
Normal abdominal enhancement patterns with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging

The objective of this study was to quantitatively and qualitatively determine contrast enhancement patterns of normal abdominal organs with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced, T1-weighted, spin-echo imaging was performed during a 23-second breath hold in 38 patients, with images acquired before, during, and at 1,2, and 5 minutes after bolus injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Enhancement patterns of normal liver, spleen, pancreas, adrenal gland, kidney, aorta, inferior vena cava, and fat were determined by visual evaluation and by performance of signal intensity measurements with an electronic cursor. Time-intensity curves demonstrated peak enhancement of all abdominal organs during or immediately after bolus injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. MR enhancement patterns included visualization of renal cortical nephrogram and heterogeneous enhancement of the spleen during the bolus phase of contrast material administration. Peak enhancement of nor...
Terramycin in serum and urine after ingestion of terramycin base

After ingestion of a single 2.0-Gm. dose of terramycin base the drug was detected in serum as soon as one to two hours and in approximately the same concentrations as that found in subjects who received equivalent doses of terramycin hydrochloride. When the base was given 0.5 Gm. every six hours it appeared in the serum of some subjects by the eighth hour and all subjects had demonstrable levels on the twenty-fourth hour. Terramycin appears in the urine within an hour after ingestion of 2.0 Gm. of the base compound and small amounts were still detectable in specimens voided on the twenty-fourth hour. Lower drug levels were attained in urine from the base than after ingestion of an equal amount of terramycin hydrochloride.
Ultrasound Assessment of the Uterus and Fallopian Tube in Infertile Women

In addition to the history and physical exam, the traditional evaluation of an infertile couple has included assessment of tubal patency, semen analysis, and assessment of ovulation. This article will assess the role of transvaginal ultrasound imaging of the uterus and fallopian tubes in infertile women either as an additional diagnostic test or as an aid to infertility treatment cycles. Transvaginal ultrasonography has become very sensitive, allowing for the detection of uterine lesions that otherwise might be missed. Understanding and interpreting the significance of the lesions is a major clinical challenge in the infertile patient.
Cerebral gigantism: Endocrinological and clinical observations of six patients including a congenital giant, concordant monozygotic twins, and a child who achieved adult gigantic size

Six children are described with idiopathic gigantism. All but one were large at birth. One was a congenital giant, and the others had accelerated growth in early years of life. Two of them were concordant monozygotic twins. One patient underwent a normal a dolescent spurt and eventually achieved gigantic adult size when growth in height ceased. Macrocrania, large extremities, large hands and feet, and evidence of cerebral dysfunction were present in all; these cases appear to fit the syndrome of cerebral gigantism. Serum human growth hormone and insulin assays during glucose tolerance tests were normal except in one patient who had a paradoxical rise in his serum growth hormone level.
CORRUGATED CERAMICS AND MIGRATION IN THE PUEBLO III TO PUEBLO IV TRANSITION, SILVER CREEK, ARIZONA

AbstractThis article explores the application of technological style analysis for detecting migrant populations in the Silver Creek area during the Pueblo III to Pueblo IV transition (A. D. 1250-1300). Following Bourdieu’s (1977) conceptualization of habitus, and its extension into the realm of technological style by Sackett (1982) and others (Clark 2001; Hegmon 1998; Lechtman 1977; Stark 1998), I explore the utility of technological style as a way of understanding why people create similar objects in different ways, and the implications of technological style in conceptualizing differences in identity. Four attributes of corrugated ceramics from Bailey Ruin (AZ P:11:1 [ASM]) that reflect manufacturing processes were measured and statistically compared to determine if any differences in manufacturing techniques could be detected, and if these differences could be meaningfully attributed to an influx of migrants with distinct enculturative backgrounds. Results demonstrated that differences in attributes ex...
DNA ligase: A site for the immunological destruction of cancer cells

An hypothesis is presented which could lead to cancer treatment by passive immunotherapy. It is based on the specificity of antigen-antibody reactions. Essential enzymes produced by cancer cells which are involved in the replication and invasiveness of cancer might be nullified by such treatment.
A molecular mechanism of adaptation in an estuarine copepod

Abstract The estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis (Poppe) has been shown to adapt better at the individual (physiological) and population (genetic) level to rapidly cycling environments than to slowly cycling temperatures. In addition, female copepods are physiologically more flexible than males. Three questions arise from these observations. Why is the geographical and seasonal distribution of Eurytemora in estuaries so limited? Why is the genetic variance so high in an organism which is so physiologically flexible? And does the difference between sexes help to explain the maintenance of genetic variance? A mechanism of adaptation which may allow further examination of these questions is the increased synthesis of stress proteins, first identified as heat shock proteins (HSP). The HSPs in the copepod Eurytemora affinis are quantitatively and qualitatively related to stress. Temperature and osmotic stress, for example, induce different sets of proteins. Thus, better understanding the phenomenon may be useful in marine ecology.
Design of multireflector resonant bandpass filters for guided wave optics

A design algorithm for ripple-free flat-top bandpass filters in optical waveguides containing N equally spaced, lossless mirrors is described. The algorithm assumes that the propagation phase shift /spl phi/ between centers of adjacent mirrors equals (m+1/2)/spl pi/ radians at resonance frequencies /spl nu//sub m/, with m an integer. The mirror reflectances R/sub j/, j=1,...,N, are chosen such that the transmittance T(/spl nu/) of the filter is 1 at the resonance frequencies, and terms in the power series expansion of T(/spl nu/) of order less than (/spl nu/-/spl nu//sub m/)/sup 2(N-1)/ are eliminated. This ensures that T(/spl nu/) approaches an ideal rectangular profile with increasing N, as illustrated by calculated transmittance spectra for N=2, 4 and 6. The dispersion of these multimirror etalons has also been explored. For the higher N values, it is found that the group refractive index is a minimum at the resonance frequencies, in contrast to the case N=2 for which the group index is a maximum at the resonances.
Sub-microsecond photo-excitation of gated p-type silicon field emitter arrays

This paper demonstrated sub-microsecond photoresponse on gated Si field emitter array (FEA) using lightly p-doped Si, which is two orders of magnitude better than the authors' previous results. The authors anticipated that a device structure optimized to reduce series resistance and an improved RF circuit would result in pulse response approaching the sub-nanosecond regime.
Adipose tissue preferences for acetate and glucose by finishing steers

Increased marbling enhances the quality grade of beef, and as such, high starch diets are often used by feedlots to stimulate this type of fat deposition. In vitro studies suggest that adipocytes from intramuscular fat (IMF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) may have different preferences for acetate and glucose (Smith and Crouse, 1984). If such differential precursor preference exists, it should be connected to differential fat synthesis rates from precursors by different depots. The objectives of this study were to assess the acetate and glucose turnover rates, palmitate synthesis rate, and acetate and glucose preference by subcutaneous (SCF), intramuscular (IMF) and visceral adipocytes (VF) in finishing steers.
The Relative Rewards and Costs of Childlessness for Older Women.

Currently married or widowed women aged 60–75 (N = 719), either childless or with one or more children, were interviewed about advantages and disadvantages of childlessness and about other family-related and social areas. Results indicate that childless older women did not conform to a stereotype of unhappiness and dissatisfaction. Respondents with and without children valued the rewards of their particular lifestyle and perceived costs in the other.
A Cross-Cultural Examination of Corporate Social Responsibility Marketing Communications in Mexico and the United States: Strategies for Global Brands

This study examines the impact of marketing-oriented corporate social responsibility (CSR) communications on perceptions of the firm and its brands among consumers in two diverse cultures, economies, and political landscapes. The authors’ main hypotheses are based on global brand positioning theory, which posits that consumer perceptions are enhanced if the brand is viewed as global. In general, the results support the notion that multinational firms emphasizing global CSR efforts engender more positive perceptions across multiple dimensions. Yet regarding tactical issues, the results also show the importance of some specific needs according to local tastes and experiences. The authors provide implications for marketing theory and practice as well as future research directions.
P63 expression can be used in differential diagnosis of salivary gland acinic cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas

Differentiation of salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma from mucoepidermoid carcinoma can be diagnostically challenging as both may have prominent mucin production. P63 is a p53 homologue required for limb and epidermal morphogenesis. It is expressed in basal and myoepithelial cells of normal salivary gland tissues. In this immunohistochemical study, we examined the expression of p63 in salivary gland acinic cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) and its use in differentiating these two entities. A search was performed and appropriate cases were selected from Lifespan Hospital System archives as well as the consult archives of one author (DRG). 31 salivary gland acinic cell carcinomas (ACC) and 24 MEC were examined for p63 expression by immunohistochemistry. The nuclear immunoreactivity was examined by both authors and was graded semi-quantitatively with negative being less than 10 % of cells staining. Positive staining was graded as follows: 10–25 % of tumor cells staining was weakly positive, 26–75 % of tumor cells staining was moderately positive, and 76–100 % of tumor cells staining was strongly positive. Negative nuclear staining of the tumor cells was seen in 30/31 (96 %) of salivary gland ACC while 1/31 (3 %) showed diffuse nuclear staining of the tumor cells. This latter case was later reclassified as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma following confirmatory molecular testing for the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene. Strong positive nuclear staining of the tumor cells was seen in 24 (100 %) of salivary gland MEC cases. P63 is an immunohistochemical stain that can potentially aid in differentiating unusual ACC with prominent mucin production from MEC of the salivary gland. According to this study, acinic cell carcinoma is always negative for p63 immunoreactivity while mucoepidermoid carcinoma is always positive.
Changing Patterns of Glucose-Lowering Medication Use in VA Nursing Home Residents With Diabetes, 2005 to 2011

Abstract Objective Although nursing home (NH) residents make up a large and growing proportion of Americans with diabetes mellitus, little is known about how glucose-lowering medications are used in this population. We sought to examine glucose-lowering medication use in Veterans Affairs (VA) NH residents with diabetes between 2005 and 2011. Research Design and Methods Retrospective cohort study, using linked laboratory, pharmacy, administrative, and NH Minimum Dataset (MDS) 2.0 databases in 123 VA NHs. A total of 9431 long-stay (>90 days) VA NH residents older than 65 followed for 52,313 person-quarters. We identified receipt of glucose-lowering medications, including insulin, metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and others (alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, meglitinides, glucagonlike peptide-1 analogs, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and amylin analogs) per quarter. Results The rates of sulfonylurea use in long-stay NH residents dropped dramatically from 24% in 2005 to 12% in 2011 ( P P P P = .24). Insulin use increased slightly from 30% to 32% ( P P = .22) and low, remaining below 1.3%. Conclusions and Relevance Between 2005 and 2011, there were dramatic declines in use of sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones in VA NH residents, suggesting that prescribing practices can be quickly changed in this setting.
Load-balancing routing in multichannel hybrid wireless networks with single network interface

A hybrid wireless network is an extension to an infrastructure network, where a mobile host may connect to an access point (AP) using multihop wireless routes via other mobile hosts. The APs are configured to operate on one of multiple available channels. Mobile hosts and wireless routers can select their operating channels dynamically through channel switching. In this environment, we propose a routing protocol that finds routes to balance load among channels while maintaining connectivity. The protocol works with nodes equipped with a single network interface, which distinguishes our work with other multichannel routing protocols that require multiple interfaces per node. The protocol discovers multiple routes to multiple APs, possibly operating on different channels. Based on traffic load information, each node selects the "best" route to an AP and synchronizes its channel with the AP. With this behavior, the channel load is balanced, removing hot spots and improving channel utilization. The protocol assures that every node has at least one route to an AP, where all intermediate nodes are operating on the same channel. Our simulation results show that the proposed protocol successfully adapts to changing traffic conditions and improves performance over a single-channel protocol and a multichannel protocol with no load balancing
Diagnosis of acromegaly in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To describe a case of acromegaly in a young patient with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and suggest guidelines to distinguish acromegaly and high growth hormone (GH) levels previously reported in poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. Methods: We present a detailed case report, including clinical findings and serial laboratory results in a patient with type 1 diabetes and a GH-secreting pituitary tumor. Results: A 28-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes underwent assessment for secondary amenorrhea and worsening glycemic control. A low estradiol level and an inappropriately low level of follicle-stimulating hormone prompted magnetic resonance imaging of the head, which demonstrated a pituitary adenoma. Subsequent endocrine investigation revealed a high insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) level (849 mg/L; normal range, 122 to 400). The concentration of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) was also elevated (5.5 mg/L; normal range, 2.0 to 4.2). GH levels measured during episode...
EPIDEMIC DIARRHEAL DISEASE OF SUCKLING MICE : IV. CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSION BODIES IN INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM IN RELATION TO THE DISEASE

1. Cytoplasmic inclusions were found in the epithelial cells of the small intestine in a major proportion of suckling mice suffering from the spontaneous or experimentally produced diarrheal disease now prevalent in this laboratory. 2. They were not found in healthy stock mice of corresponding age. 3. Feeding of intestinal extract from healthy mice did not produce diarrhea or inclusions. 4. Feeding of boiled extract from diarrheal mice did not lead to the formation of cytoplasmic inclusions, when precautions were taken to prevent accidental infection. 5. The inclusions were regularly present only in the first few days of the disease. The inclusion-bearing cells desquamated. There was no inflammatory reaction. 6. Attention is called to the frequent presence of large numbers of Gram-positive coccoid bodies in the intestinal contents of suckling mice with diarrhea.
Being Judicious A Creative Conceptualization

The purpose of this column is to present a uniquely conceived nursing phenomenon inspired by an artform, to discuss its relevance for nursing knowledge development in light of a preliminary review of literature and the creative conceptualization process, and to suggest an appropriate mode for further inquiry.
Adult Children of Alcoholics: The Effects of Background and Treatment on ACOA Symptoms

This research attempts to identify the factors that differentiate adult children of alcoholics (ACOAs). A national purposive sample of ACOAs (n = 500) was administered an ACOA index measuring ACOA symptoms. An ANOVA analysis for the ACOA index scores showed gender, minority race or ethnicity, rating of parents' relationship, receiving help as a child, and seeking treatment as an adult to have significant effects. Notably, minorities scored significantly lower on the ACOA index, and seeking treatment increased the scores, even in interaction with parents' relationship and receiving help as a child. These findings point to the need for differentiating treatment for ACOAs and developing more effective treatment in general. They also confirm the importance of offering even informal support to children in troubled families.
The Caduceus in court: Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide in The Netherlands

As ethics committees become involved in discussing the propriety of euthanasia and assisted suicide, and as healthcare providers begin to seriously consider whether they might ever have a role in hastening the dying process, many have looked to The Netherlands as the only real example of a nation that permits (or, at least, excuses) euthanasia in limited circumstances. Unfortunately, partisans in the Dutch debate have often written about the Dutch experience as advocates rather than as neutral observers. Some have argued that euthanasia, which, they claim, is rarely actually practiced, is universally accepted within The Netherlands; others have reported that the Dutch social fabric has been rended irreparably by what they claim, is a practice far more widespread than is generally understood. The debate in the United States has also been colored by a misunderstanding of the legal regulation of euthanasia in The Netherlands.