cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inducible left ventricular obstruction after apical-conduit aortic valve bypass surgery

In recent years, apical-aortic bypass surgery has been used for patients with a heavily calcified or ‘‘porcelain’’ ascending aorta or hostile mediastinum because these patients would be at high risk for cerebrovascular events during crossclamping of the calcified ascending aorta. In this case, we describe a previously unreported complication of apical aortic bypass and illustrate the role of cardiac catheterization and ventriculography in the hemodynamic evaluation of this patient.
The Construction of Uncorrelated, Discretely Distributed, Artificial Profiles for the "Jan"Technique

The construction of artificial profiles, or stimuli, for judgment analysis (JAN) is discussed. Given a prespecified discrete relative frequency distribution with finite support for each predictor variable, the construction method is used to generate sets of artificial profiles such that (1) each predictor variable possesses precisely the prespecified discrete distribution and (2) the predictor variables are uncorrelated and (3) all the profiles are unique. Sets of profiles are provided which satisfy the three aforementioned properties and for which each of the predictors takes on five, seven, or nine levels with relative frequencies chosen to approximate normality.
Complex networks: Degrees of control

One might expect that social networks would generally be harder to control than naturally occurring systems such as biological networks. But this is not so, according to a new study. See Article p.167 Control theory can be used to steer engineered and natural systems towards a desired state, but a framework to control complex self-organized systems is lacking. Can such networks be controlled? Albert-Laszlo Barabasi and colleagues tackle this question and arrive at precise mathematical answers that amount to 'yes, up to a point'. They develop analytical tools to study the controllability of an arbitrary complex directed network using both model and real systems, ranging from regulatory, neural and metabolic pathways in living organisms to food webs, cell-phone movements and social interactions. They identify the minimum set of driver nodes whose time-dependent control can guide the system's entire dynamics ( http://go.nature.com/wd9Ek2 ). Surprisingly, these are not usually located at the network hubs.
Cosmic microwave background constraint on residual annihilations of relic particles

Energy injected into the cosmic microwave background at redshifts z{approx} (equivalent to){sigma}{sub 0}, the bound is f(m{sub X}/MeV){sup -1}[({sigma}{sub 0}/6x10{sup -27} cm{sup 3}s{sup -1})({Omega}{sub X{bar X}}h{sup 2}){sup 2}]<0.2, where m{sub X} is the particle mass, {Omega}{sub X{bar X}} is the fraction of the critical density the particle and its antiparticle contribute if they survive to the present time, h=H{sub 0}/100 kms{sup -1}Mpc{sup -1}, H{sub 0} is the Hubble constant, and f is the fraction of the annihilation energy that interacts electromagnetically. We also compute the less stringent limits for p-wave annihilation. We update other bounds on residual annihilations and compare them to our CMB bound.
Mitochondrial morphogenesis: Fusion factor for fly fertility

The Drosophila Fzo protein is required for mitochondrial fusion during a key step in sperm formation. This novel, membrane-bound GTPase defines a family of proteins that may mediate mitochondrial fusion in a variety of eukaryotic cells.
A single mutation disrupts the pH-dependent dimerization of glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase.

Monomeric GART reversibly associates into a dimeric form as a function of decreasing solution pH. The transition is consistent with a three-proton transfer reaction with an apparent pKa near 7. We now report that a single mutation, which replaces a glutamic acid at position 70 in the dimer interface with alanine (E70A), disrupts the pH-dependent dimerization of GART based on dynamic light scattering and gel filtration studies. A comparison of data obtained from UV-absorbance difference spectroscopy for both the wild-type and mutant forms of GART indicates that a tyrosine residue(s) undergoes a change in solvent exposure over the pH range 6.55 to 8.19. A conformational change in tertiary structure that accompanies dimerization accounts for 60% of the observed optical difference, while the remaining 40% can be attributed to a pH-dependent process unrelated to dimerization. In addition, fluorescence studies of the mutant protein indicate that a pH-dependent change in tryptophan fluorescence exhibited by the wild-type protein is unrelated to quaternary structural changes and is likely a result of simple fluorescence quenching by nearby protonated histidine side-chains. Taken together, our results indicate that a single amino acid change at the dimer interface is sufficient to interrupt the highly specific, pH-dependent assembly reaction of GART, although pH-dependent conformational changes present in the wild-type protein also occur in E70A GART. This work is a first application of structure-based site-directed mutagenesis to the analysis of this pH-dependent assembly reaction.
DNA Damage Responses in Neural Cells: Focus on the Telomere

Postmitotic neurons must survive for the entire life of the organism and be able to respond adaptively to adverse conditions of oxidative and genotoxic stress. Unrepaired DNA damage can trigger apoptosis of neurons which is typically mediated by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-p53 pathway. As in all mammalian cells, telomeres in neurons consist of TTAGGG DNA repeats and several associated proteins that form a nucleoprotein complex that prevents chromosome ends from being recognized as double strand breaks. Proteins that stabilize telomeres include TRF1 and TRF2, and proteins known to play important roles in DNA damage responses and DNA repair including ATM, Werner and the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs). We have been performing studies of developing and adult neurons aimed at understanding the effects of global and telomere-directed DNA damage responses in neuronal plasticity and survival in the contexts of aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Deficits in specific DNA repair proteins, including DNA-PKcs and uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG), render neurons vulnerable to adverse conditions of relevance to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke. Similarly, early postmitotic neurons with reduced telomerase activity exhibit accentuated responses to DNA damage and are prone to apoptosis demonstrating a pivotal role for telomere maintenance in both mitotic cells and postmitotic neurons. Our recent findings suggest key roles for TRF2 in regulating the differentiation and survival of neurons. TRF2 affects cell survival and differentiation by modulating DNA damage pathways, and gene expression. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which neurons respond to global and telomere-specific DNA damage may reveal novel strategies for prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, work in this and other laboratories has shown that dietary folic acid can protect neurons against Alzheimer's disease by keeping homocysteine levels low and thereby minimizing the misincorporation of uracil into DNA in neurons.
Ensuring the supply of highly qualified pharmaceutical scientist specialists in product development and related technologies for present and future needs—Report of the 2004 PT Section Education Committee

The 2004 PT Section Education Committee took the first steps in addressing the charge: “How can the supply of highly qualified pharmaceutical scientist specialists in product development and related technologies that meet current and future needs be ensured?” This charge was borne out of earlier reports and current experience that suggest that: (1) graduate programs in colleges of pharmacy are increasingly failing to produce sufficient numbers of appropriately qualified specialists in product development and related pharmaceutical technologies and, (2) the pharmaceutical industry has been forced to recruit and train scientists from other disciplines. Surveys conducted by this committee of the membership (PT, PDD and BT sections) and a representative group of pharmaceutical executives validated this concern and provided insight into its nature and depth. For example, the executives reported that 50% or less of product development staff have undergraduate degrees in pharmacy and that 50% or less have advanced degrees in pharmaceutics/industrial pharmacy/pharmaceutical technology, yet entry-level PhDs in these specialties bring a better mix of skills to the product development table than their counterparts from other science disciplines, and that this advantage persist even after 4–6 years experience on the job. And the great difficulty in finding candidates with the, right mix of experience and education was also made clear by the surveys. Based in part on an analysis of these surveys, this committee developed an extensive list of issues to be addressed by future PT Education committees and AAPS. Among these were: (1) Should AAPS encourage and assist in the establishment of graduate programs in product development/technology and/or tracks in academic institutions whether or not they are colleges of pharmacy?, (2) Should AAPS develop standards for and qualify such educational programs and tracks? (3) How do we and what role should AAPS play in creating awareness in colleges and universities of our needs and the incentives to develop and maintain programs that meet these needs?, and (4) How can stable funding be provided for programs in product development and technology?
Pulmonary hypertension is not a risk factor for RVAD use and death after left ventricular assist system support.

Unlike transplantation candidates, patients with pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) and a high transpulmonary gradient do not appear to be at increased risk for right ventricular dysfunction after left ventricular assist system implant. To verify this observation, we reviewed 63 patients supported with the HeartMate (Thermo Cardiosystems, Inc, Woburn, MA) left ventricular assist system. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with PHTN (47 patients) had mean pulmonary artery pressure > 30 mm Hg and/or pulmonary vascular resistance > 4 Wood units, and the remainder of patients did not have PHTN (16 patients). Both groups were similar in age (mean, 51 years), gender distribution (% men, 83% vs 94%, not significant), and number of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (72% vs 69%, not significant). More patients in the group without PHTN required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (38% vs 12%, p = .06). Right ventricular assist device support was instituted in five (11%) patients with PHTN and four (25%) patients without PHTN. A significantly larger number of patients without PHTN died while on support (14% vs 44%, p = .01). Survival after transplantation in both groups was > 90%. Patients with PHTN have higher transpulmonary gradient, show a significant decrease in pulmonary pressure after left ventricular assist system implantation, and have a higher transplantation rate compared to patients without PHTN. A larger patient cohort is needed to determine if the absence of PHTN is a risk factor for RVAD need and poor outcome after LVAS support.
Kinetic analysis ofl-leucine transport across the blood-brain barrier

Unidirectionall-leucine influx across cerebral capillaries was measured at different concentrations with an in situ rat brain perfusion technique, which has been several advantages over presently-used methods such as the Brain Uptake Index (BUI) technique. The maximal influx rate (Vmax) and half-saturation concentration (Km) equaled1.07 ± 0.02 × 103- μmol·s−·−1and0.026 *+- 0.002 μmol·ml−1, respectively, for the saturable component, and the constant for non-saturable equaled6.8 ± 1.4 × 10−5s−1. These values differ by 3–4-fold from respective values obtained with the BUI technique.
Survey of emergency medical services curricula in U.S. emergency medicine residencies.

Summary Some areas of EMS instruction are more consistently offered in residency programs than in the past. Formal (structured) preparation for the provision of OLMC has become almost universal, while involvement in quality-related activities and training in the areas of risk management and EMS administration appear to have increased. However, resident involvement in disaster activities has decreased in recent years, and there is still much variability between programs in the extent and scope of EMS teaching. Field experiences still vary widely, for both ground and air services.
The effects of phencyclidine pretreatment on amphetamine-induced behavior and c-Fos expression in the rat

Previous data demonstrate that a single injection of phencyclidine enhances amphetamine-induced behaviors 24 h later, suggesting that the delayed effects of a single dose of phencyclidine may produce a schizophrenia-like state in animals. These behavioral changes were accompanied by altered patterns of c-Fos induction, suggesting possible neurochemical correlates to the observed behaviors. Because investigations into PCP's ability to model schizophrenia have found that the effects of repeated, or subchronic, PCP administration differ according to the dose and administration paradigm, this study sought to determine whether single and subchronic PCP exposure produce different effects on amphetamine-induced behaviors and c-Fos induction. No differences were observed between these administration paradigms; both single and subchronic PCP exposure enhanced amphetamine-induced c-Fos in the striatum, decreased c-Fos in the prefrontal cortex, and decreased the number of cage-crossings. However, the observation that PCP pretreatment affected c-Fos induction in the same manner observed previously while having an opposite effect on amphetamine-induced behavior suggests that these behavioral and neurochemical effects are dissociated.
Negative contributions to radiative-correction parameter S from Majorana particles.

Oblique corrections from heavy fermions are studied. For certain mass ranges we find negative contributions to the S and T parameters from Majorana particles.
Predicting the Performance and Reliability of Carbon Nanotube Bundles for On-Chip Interconnect

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles have the potential to provide an attractive solution for the resistivity and electromigration problems faced by traditional copper interconnect. In this paper, we evaluate the performance and reliability of nanotube bundles for future VLSI applications. We develop a scalable equivalent circuit model that captures the statistical distribution of metallic nanotubes while accurately incorporating recent experimental and theoretical results on inductance, contact resistance, and ohmic resistance. Leveraging the circuit model, we examine the performance and reliability of nanotube bundles including inductive effects. The results indicate that SWCNT interconnect bundles can provide significant improvement in delay over copper interconnect depending on the bundle geometry and process technology.
Biosynthesis of phosphatidyl ethanolamine in Mycobacterium 607

Abstract In Mycobacterium 607 (M. 607) streptomycin appears to inhibit the formation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and polyglycerol phosphatide (PGP), by approximately 35%, as can be seen by 32P incorporation studies. PE is the only phosphatide containing nitrogenous base and is present in pathogenic, nonpathogenic and saprophytic species of mycobacteria. Incorporation of -14C of ethanolamine-1-14C into ethanolamine phosphate (EP) and PE, demonstration that, this incorporation is absolutely dependent on the presence of diglyceride (DG) and cytidine triphosphate (CTP), occurrence of the enzymes glycerolkinase and phosphatidic acid phosphatase and the absence of phosphatidyl serine (PS) decarboxylase strongly suggest that, in M. 607 the biosynthesis of PE is accomplished via CDP-ethanolamine mediated pathway.
Magnetothermopower of Co/Cu1−xNix multilayers

We studied the magnetothermopower of Co/Cu1−xNix multilayers (with x=0.37 and 0.42) at various temperatures. Both systems have negative thermopower and the magnitude of the thermopower increases as the magnetic field increases. We found that as the ferromagnetic component of the magnetization becomes larger at lower temperatures, both the magnetothermopower and the magnetoresistance decrease. The inverse relationship between the thermopower and the resistance, when the field H varies, holds well at different temperatures. We interpret the results in terms of the two‐current model, with an emphasis on the spin‐split density of states.
An adaptive clustering and chrominance-based merging approach for image segmentation and abstraction

We present a novel, computationally efficient approach for natural image segmentation that uses the adaptive clustering algorithm (ACA) to obtain an initial segmentation and chrominance-based region merging to consolidate regions of perceptually uniform texture. The combination of ACA and chrominance-based merging preserves salient edges and smooths out noise and edges within textured regions. It can thus be used for image abstraction. Experimental results with natural images indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A Rapid and Simple Cleanup Procedure for Metathesis Reactions

A new method for easy removal of ruthenium from metathesis reactions by using a polar isocyanide is reported. This protocol removed most ruthenium byproducts from a variety of synthetically useful metatheses. Moreover, the isocyanide-promoted carbene insertion results in rapid destruction of carbene reactivity, demonstrated in the commonly used first- and second-generation Grubbs' carbenes.
On the Application of Importance Sampling to the Simulation of Digital Satellite and Multihop Links

Importance sampling is one of the more useful techniques for reducing the number of samples required in Monte Carlo simulation. In the communication context, it has been applied and discussed in conjunction with single-hop digital systems. The purpose of this paper is to extend the method of application of importance sampling to multihop digital communication systems, with particular reference to the two-hop, or satellite, case. The situation is examined both for the case when the receiver is nonlinear and for when it is linear.
Associated factors and outcomes of persistent occiput posterior position: A retrospective cohort study from 1976 to 2001

Objective. To identify maternal and fetal risk factors associated with persistent occiput posterior position at delivery, and to examine the association of occiput posterior position with subsequen...
Effects of Structural Regularity on the Properties of Poly(3-alkylthienylenevinylenes)

Attempts were made to prepare completely regioregular poly(3-dodecylthienylenevinylene) (PDDTV) and the completely regiorandom PDDTV. However, attempts to prepare the regioregular PDDTV by a Heck polymerization of 2-bromo-3-dodecyl-5-vinylthiophene leads to a regioirregular PDDTV that also contains cross-conjugated defects. Attempts to prepare a regiorandom PDDTV by a Stille polymerization of 2,5-dibromo-3-dodecylthiophene with (E)-1,2-(bistributylstannyl)ethylene) led to a polymer that is at least 90% regioregular. Poly[(3-dodecylthienylenevinylene) (4‘-3-dodecylthienylenevinylene)] was also synthesized from a symmetric dimer using Stille cross-coupling in order to compare the three polymers. The structural and physical properties of these polymers are compared by UV/vis, NMR, X-ray, and electrical conductivity measurements. We have also examined the MALDI MS of these polymers, and information on molecular weights and end-group structures are given. The role of dominant catalyst effects is discussed.
Phases of Feminist Re-Vision in the Psychology of Personality

Recent literature argues that psychology should include the distinctive and often neglected feminist perspective. McIntosh (1983) proposed five interactive phases in the development of a scholarship that incorporates the more recent and subsequent insights from the psychology of women. This article documents McIntosh's sequence of five phases by using pertinent references to the psychology of personality. The article elaborates on Phase III in which investigators study women as inherently different or deviant from men. Teachers of personality psychology should find the article helpful in recognizing other examples o f the phases and in familiarizing themselves and their students with this feminist perspective.
Hierarchical Discrete Event Supervisory Control of Aircraft Propulsion Systems

This paper presents a hierarchical application of Discrete Event Supervisory (DES) control theory for intelligent decision and control of a twin-engine aircraft propulsion system. A dual layer hierarchical DES controller is designed to supervise and coordinate the operation of two engines of the propulsion system. The two engines are individually controlled to achieve enhanced performance and reliability, necessary for fulfilling the mission objectives. Each engine is operated under a continuously varying control system that maintains the specified performance and a local discrete-event supervisor for condition monitoring and life extending control. A global upper level DES controller is designed for load balancing and overall health management of the propulsion system.
Kiavallakkikput Agviq (Into the Whaling Cycle): Cetaceousness and Climate Change Among the Iñupiat of Arctic Alaska

The Inupiat of Arctic Alaska identify themselves as the “People of the Whales.” The flesh of the bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) is high in vitamins and other components that traditionally susta...
Challenges for the characterization and integration of high-κ dielectrics

Abstract The integration of advanced gate dielectric materials into complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology presents several significant challenges. Moreover, the introduction of these materials is expected to occur at an unprecedented pace to meet industry technology forecasts. Although recent research has focused on the search for a material that yields a suitable (higher) dielectric constant than the industry benchmark SiO 2 , a more important problem is the actual integration of any new dielectric material in existing CMOS flows in a cost-effective manner. These integration issues include etching, constituent stability, control of phase segregation and crystallization, dopant penetration, as well as gate electrode compatibility, which influence the resultant electrical properties. This paper reviews recent studies on some of these integration issues and the associated challenges that must be addressed for successful high-κ gate dielectric integration.
Voiding dysfunction related to adverse childhood experiences and neuropsychiatric disorders

Abstract Objective Research has demonstrated the effect of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on later physiologic function and illness development. In the urologic literature, the relationship between bladder dysfunction and neuropsychiatric disorders is well documented. Observations in pediatric urology clinical practice suggest that a blend of these two areas of research can inform care of patients with voiding dysfunction. Methods Retrospective review of 216 patients seen in a single pediatric urology clinic by a single provider over a 24-month period. A descriptive, correlational study design was used to assess the extent to which ACEs and neuropsychiatric disorders affected resolution of symptoms when patients were treated with a bowel and bladder retraining program. Patients were selected using diagnostic codes related to voiding dysfunction and a retrospective chart review was conducted. Results A majority of patients who were seen for voiding dysfunction (60%) had at least one psychosocial factor. There is a greater prevalence of ACEs (51%) than neuropsychiatric disorders (25%). Children with either ACEs or neuropsychiatric disorders dropped out of treatment at a higher rate than those with neither. When factors were looked at separately, neuropsychiatric disorders were more likely to impede treatment progress than ACEs. Conclusions ACEs and neuropsychiatric disorders affect patients' ability to make progress with bowel and bladder retraining and to stay in treatment. Efforts specifically aimed at maintaining therapeutic relationships with patients who have ACEs are needed to fully treat this group, which typically has a high drop-out rate but high rate of resolution if they are able to stay involved in treatment.
A chromatographic study of acetyltrypsin during autolysis and digestion by carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase.

Abstract Acetyltrypsin has been shown to exhibit marked heterogeneity when chromatographed on an anionic exchange column (DEAE-cellulose), the active component comprising only a third of the total protein. Chromatographic analysis of solutions of acetyltrypsin in which 10–15 amino groups have appeared during autolysis revealed no change in the proportion of the active component or its specific activity. The liberation of approximately 90 amino groups without any appreciable loss in activity was effected by sequential treatment of the autolysate with carboxypeptidase and leucine aminopeptidase. Chromatographic analysis of this system likewise failed to provide evidence for the presence of an active degradation product. It was concluded that the so-called autolysis of acetyltrypsin in the presence of calcium is actually the manifestation of the digestion of inert, probably denatured, protein by the active enzyme, the latter meanwhile maintaining its full molecular and enzymic integrity.
Reevaluating the association between emergency department heart rate and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder: A public health approach

Background Preliminary investigations in select samples of trauma survivors presenting to acute care settings suggest an association between elevated emergency department heart rate (HR) and the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Other studies suggest no association, however. Method In a prospective cohort study of a population-based sample of 161 acutely injured surgical inpatients, HR was assessed at initial presentation to the emergency department. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed with the PTSD Checklist at the time of the surgical inpatient hospitalization and 1, 4–6, and 12 months postinjury. Results Emergency department HR ≥ 95 beats per minute (BPM) was a significant independent predictor of PTSD symptoms in analyses that adjusted for relevant injury, clinical, and demographic characteristics. This HR cutoff demonstrated modest specificity (range 60%–65%) and sensitivity (range 49%–63%) for the prediction of chronic PTSD. Conclusions We found an independent association between elevated emergency department HR ≥ 95 BPM and PTSD symptoms in a representative sample of injured acute care inpatients. Future investigations that incorporate clinical epidemiologic methods in the study of acute care biological parameters have the potential to improve the quality of mental health care delivered to injured survivors of individual and mass trauma.
A granular collector for sampling fallout debris from nuclear detonations.

A granular collector for sampling fall-out debris from nuclear detonations was developed which consists of a shallow, metal tray and a removable mylar plastic pellets. Fall-out debris impinging upon the exposed collector tray during fall-out is physically entrapped within the granular matrix and later separated from the matrix by wet sieving in isopropyl alcohol. The fall-out debris may be fractionated into different particle size ranges by dry sieving with standard testing sieves. An operational procedure for recovering the primary fallout debris from the granular matrix is described. The efficiency of the recovery procedure was tested using pre-sized glass beads, soil samples and fall-out debris. Virtually all particulate material smaller than the granular matrix could be removed by wet sieving in isopropyl alcohol. Less than two per cent of the sample was lost during a dry sieving process of fractionating the particulate material into 13 different particle size ranges. A recovery of more than 95 per cent of the samples processed through the operational procedure was consistently obtained. The granular fall-out collector was used extensively during the 1957 Weapons Tesiing Series in areas adjacent to the Nevada Test Site. It compared favorably with the gummed paper and was superior io resin-coatedmore » tray collectors and soil surface samples as a means of collecting fall-out; it was superior io all of these collectors with respect to the ease of separation of primary faH-out particles for physical and chemical characterization and for bioassays. The granular collector is economical for widespread coverage of anticipated fall-out areas. (auth)« less
Using behavioral economics to predict opioid use during prescription opioid dependence treatment.

Background Research grounded in behavioral economics has previously linked addictive behavior to disrupted decision-making and reward-processing, but these principles have not been examined in prescription opioid addiction, which is currently a major public health problem. This study examined whether pre-treatment drug reinforcement value predicted opioid use during outpatient treatment of prescription opioid addiction.
Hypotensive Effects of the Lipoxygenase Inhibitor Phenidone in Two-Kidney, One Clip Goldblatt Hypertension

This study examined the role of the lipoxygenase (LO) pathway in the maintenance of hypertension in rats with two-kidney, one clip (2K,1C) Goldblatt hypertension. A single dose of the lipoxygenase blocker phenidone was injected intraperitoneally to 2K,1C rats during the early phase (14 days) of the development of hypertension (mean intraarterial blood pressure 137 +/- 3.9 mm Hg). Phenidone (60 mg/kg) markedly decreased arterial pressure to nadir levels of 58.9% of resting blood pressure. The maximal changes were observed 15 min after injection and the hypotensive response was sustained for at least 2 h. Plasma renin concentration (PRC) increased from 74.3 +/- 18.9 to 281.0 +/- 6.5 ng/mL/h after injection (P less than .05). Thus, the hypotensive effect of phenidone was not due to suppression of renin secretion but presumably due to inhibition of its effects. It is suggested that arachidonate metabolites of the LO pathway at the vascular bed may be involved in maintenance of high arterial pressure in 2K,1C renovascular hypertension in rat.
Properties of concrete incorporating high volumes of class F fly ash and san fibers

Abstract The results of an experimental investigation to study the effects of replacement of cement (by mass) with three percentages of fly ash and the effects of addition of natural san fibers on the slump, Vebe time, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of fly ash concrete are presented. San fibers belong to the category of “natural bast fibers.” It is also known as “sunn hemp.” Its scientific (botanical) name is Crotalaria juncea . It is mostly grown in the Indian subcontinent, Brazil, eastern and southern Africa and some parts of the United States (Hawaii and Florida). A control mixture of proportions 1:1.4:2.19 with W/Cm of 0.47 and superplasticizer/cementitious ratio of 0.015 was designed. Cement was replaced with three percentages (35%, 45% and 55%) of class F fly ash. Three percentages of san fibers (0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75%) having 25-mm length were used. The test results indicated that the replacement of cement with fly ash increased the workability (slump and Vebe time), decreased compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength and had no significant effect on the impact strength of plain (control) concrete. Addition of san fibers reduced the workability, did not significantly affect the compressive strength, increased the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength and tremendously enhanced the impact strength of fly ash concrete as the percentage of fibers increased.
Going Beyond the Data: Empirical Validation Leading to Grounded Theory

The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, a validation study on Construct-TM is conducted to show that modeling the actual and cognitive knowledge networks of a group can produce agent interactions within the model that correlate significantly with the communication network obtained from empirical data. Second, empirically grounded theory is produced by combining empirical data with simulation experiments run on empirically validated models.
A day in the life of an academic chemist

A typical day for an academic chemist is a whirlwind of activity, where multitasking and effective time management ensure success. One major focus is securing research grants, and much of that process requires keeping up to date with the scientific literature. Many chemists hare established mechanisms to identify and store papers relevant to their research program. Now they are turning to new tools to aggregate, personage, and share their knowledge.
Time constant for equilibration of erosion with tectonic uplift

Following a change in the rate of convergence in a collision zone, the rate of rock uplift also changes. This results in a change in relief, and hence in erosion rate. Thus, over time, the erosion rate tends to adjust to equal the rock-uplift rate. A perturbation analysis of a mountain mass at critical taper suggests that the time constant for this adjustment varies from 10 5 to >10 8 yr, depending on initial relief, lithology, and erosion law. Under most conditions, time constants for the adjustment are long enough to preclude attainment of a steady state during a typical orogeny lasting on the order of 10 7 yr. However, if erosion increases exponentially with relief, a close approach to a steady state is possible in the relatively few mountain belts on Earth with exceptional relief and/or weak lithologies.
Isolation of trophoblast cells from transcervical specimens for prenatal determination of fetal sex by single-cell analysis

the patients and with extensive counseling, for morphologically healthy D5/6 blastocysts diagnosed as abnormal by 24 chromosome screening. DESIGN: Case series study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-six D3 blastomeres from 6 patients were biopsied and subjected to SNP array analysis for 23 pairs of chromosomes by a commercial laboratory. Fifty-one embryos (67.2%) were diagnosed as abnormal. Of those, 16 blastocysts were judged to be rebiopsiable (1BB or better) on D5/6. All rebiopsied specimens were reanalyzed by the same laboratory, utilizing the same SNP array platform. RESULTS: Results were obtained from all 16 rebiopsied specimens. Six of sixteen (37.5%) were Normal (3x female, 3x male). Three (18.8%) embryos confirmed the identical aneuploidy seen in the D3 blastomeres. Five (31.3%) had at least one concordant chromosomal aberration and at least one discordant aneuploidy chromosome to D3 blastomere results. And two (12.5%) showed a completely different pattern of chromosome aberration. CONCLUSION: Our analysis, though numbers are still small, demonstrates that recently developed, more powerful microarray platforms for 23 pairs of chromosomes does not eliminate false positives when screening D3 single blastomeres. The rate appears similar to what has been seen in FISH based PGS (HR, 2004; 19:2840), indicating mosaicism in early cleavage stage embryos may be one of the main reasons for the controversy of PGS. Rebiopsy of healthy-lookingD5/6 embryosmay rescuea substantial numberof embryos. Supported by: Institutional.
Density Functional Theory Calculations on 19-Electron Organometallic Complexes: The Mn(CO)5Cl- Anion. The Difference between Unpaired Electron Density and Spin Density Due to Spin Polarization

The anisotropic hyperfine coupling (hfc) constants for the 19-electron Mn(CO)5Cl- complex, 1, and for the 17-electron Mn(CO)4Cl- complex, 2, were calculated using density functional theory (DFT). The calculated hfc values for 1 are in good agreement with the experimental ones reported in two EPR studies, which were not able to distinguish between 1 and 2. The Mn−CO(axial) bond dissociation energy in 1 was calculated to be 19 kcal/mol, which shows that 1 is stable to loss of axial CO. These data indicate that the species observed in the EPR experiments was the 19-electron complex, 1. The unpaired electron population of the manganese dz2 orbital indicated by the SOMO of the DFT wave function (ca. 0.2−0.3) is significantly less than that obtained from the two EPR analyses (0.49, 0.63), which neglected spin polarization. The calculations show that spin polarization in 1 causes the spin density (as measured by EPR) to differ significantly from the unpaired electron density (SOMO). It is concluded that neglect ...
833 A FREE FATTY ACID BINDING INDEX FOR SERUM

We have developed a convenient spectrophotometric free fatty acid binding index (FFABI) for monitoring infants receiving intravenous lipid supplements, who may be at risk due to hyper-bilirubinemia or the possible direct toxicity of FFAs. We use the conjugated tetraene fatty acid parinaric acid (9,11,13,15 octadecatetraenoic acid), which has a sharply resolved absorption spectrum. The position of the absorption peak shifts upon binding to albumin. By measuring parinaric acid absorbance at two wavelengths in the presence of a serum sample diluted into buffer, we quantitate binding by comparison with albumin/FFA standards. An equal aliquot of serum is added to the reference cuvette to eliminate interference due to bilirubin, hemolysis, or turbidity. The measurement requires 20 microliters of serum and knowledge of the serum albumin concentration. No complex instrumentation or extraction into organic solvents are required. The index is sensitive both to elevation in FFA levels and to reduction in the affinity of albumin for FFAs. Nine infants not receiving intravenous lipid had FFABI values ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 (mean 1.4). Four infants receiving intravenous lipid had FFABI values of 2.1, 2.6, 3.2, and 3.4, respectively. We believe that monitoring of FFA binding in serum will be an important part of the rational management of infants receiving intravenous lipid supplements.
A fully integrated microbattery for an implantable microelectromechanical system

Abstract The Wireless Integrated Microsystems Engineering Research Center’s Intraocular Sensor (WIMS-ERC IOS) was studied as a model system for an integrated, autonomous implantable device. In the present study, we had four objectives: (1) select and designing an optimized power supply for the WIMS-IOS; (2) develop a fabrication technique allowing small scale, low-cost, and integrable fabrication for CMOS systems, and experimentally demonstrate a microscopic power source; (3) map capacity and lifetime of several fabricated microbatteries; (4) determine the effects of miniaturization on capacity, lifetime and device architecture. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) was used to deposit thin layers (≤1 μm) of metal sequentially onto glass substrates (SiO 2 , as used in the device). To map the influence of size over cell capacity and cycle life, we fabricated and tested five stand-alone cells using a Solartron ® 1470E battery tester and a Maccor ® 4000 series tester. A sixth battery was fabricated to investigate the effects of system integration, variable discharge rate and size reduction simultaneously. The highest experimental capacity among the larger cells O(cm 2 ) was 100 μAh, achieved by IOS-C-1 at 250 μA (1.4 C) discharge. Among O(mm 2 ) cells, IOS-M-1 achieved the highest capacity (2.75 μAh, ∼76% of theoretical) at 2.5 μA discharge (0.7 C rate).
Epidermal growth factor receptor, p16, cyclin D1, and p53 staining patterns for inverted papilloma.

Background: The aim of this study was beer character- ize the staining paerns of inverted papilloma (IP) with and without carcinoma by performing immunohistochemistry for p16, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, and cyclin D1 antibodies in a large patient cohort. in 50%, p53 in 30%, and cyclin D1 in 76%. IP with carcinoma- tous degeneration was positive for p16 in 14%, EGFR in 71%, p53 in 62%, and cyclin D1 in 76%. The differences in staining positivity between benign and malignant disease reached significance for p16 and p53 only. Mean percentage staining by tumor surface area for IP and IP with carcinoma was 12% vs 7% for p16 (no statistical significance (NS)), 20% vs 34% for EGFR (NS), 4% vs 24% for p53 (p < 0.001), and 17% vs 21% for cyclin D1 (NS). Conclusion: Important characteristic staining paern for IP with and without carcinoma are highlighted in this study. Unlike recent trends in human papilloma virus (HPV)- related head and neck malignancies, low expression of p16 is a marker for malignancy in this series. Positive stain- ing for p53 correlates with the development of carcinoma in IP. C � 2013 ARS-AAOA, LLC.
Systemic side effects of transtympanic steroids.

Objective Review largest series of patients treated with transtympanic steroids, including outcomes, steroid dosing and adverse outcomes. Review first reported cases of systemic side effects from transtympanic steroids. Methods A retrospective case series of 166 patients who underwent placement of transtympanic Silverstein tube with microwick for steroid administration was reviewed. Results 5/166 patients developed systemic side effects, 9/166 patients developed local side effects. 48/166 (29%) of patients had a persistent perforation after therapy. The percent of patients with improvement as a function of symptoms: hearing loss 42%, tinnitus 56%, vertigo 68%, aural fullness 25% and dysequilibrium 66%. Conclusions While our study revealed a significant risk of persistent tympanic membrane perforation, the incidence of systemic and local side effects from transtympanic steroid administration is low.
THE ALKOXIDE LIGAND IN OLEFIN AND ACETYLENE METATHESIS REACTIONS

Abstract : The use of alkoxides as ancillary' ligands in the organometallic chemistry and catalysis of the early transition metals is reviewed. The review includes acetylene metathesis, olefin metathesis, ring-opening metathesis polymerization, and polymerization of alkynes. In all cases, well-defined initiators are employed and the polymerization process is living. jg
De novo mutation in CACNA1A caused acetazolamide-responsive episodic ataxia

With the recent report of mutations in the calcium channel gene CACNA1A in two families with episodic ataxia type 2, we investigated a patient with nonfamilial episodic vertigo and ataxia responsive to acetazolamide for similar mutations. Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of exon 23 identified an extra band in the patient that was not present in other relatives or in normal controls. Exon 23 of the patient showed a spontaneous C to T substitution at position 4410 resulting in an early stop codon. Patients with nonfamilial episodic ataxia may respond to acetazolamide and may have mutations in CACNA1A.
Subunit structure of human and rat glutathione S-transferases

Abstract 1. 1. In rat tissues different forms of glutathione (GSH) S-transferases represent various dimeric combinations of at least four different classes of subunits categorized on the basis of their Mr values as seen on polyacrylamide gels. 2. 2. These subunit types represent heterogeneous populations and the actual number of subunits in rat GSH S-transferases may be far more than is known at present. 3. 3. Human GSH S-transferases arise from dimeric combinations of at least four immunologically and functionally distinct subunits which can be classified into three types, A (Mr 26,500), B (Mr 24,500) and C (Mr 22,500). 4. 4. There is evidence for considerable charge heterogeneity in each of these subunit types.
Multiple Myosins Are Required to Coordinate Actin Assembly with Coat Compression during Compensatory Endocytosis

Actin is involved in endocytosis in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. In activated Xenopus eggs, exocytosing cortical granules (CGs) are surrounded by actin “coats,” which compress the exocytosing compartments, resulting in compensatory endocytosis. Here, we examined the roles of two myosins in actin coat compression. Myosin-2 is recruited to exocytosing CGs late in coat compression. Inhibition of myosin-2 slows coat compression without affecting actin assembly. This differs from phenotype induced by inhibition of actin assembly, where exocytosing CGs are trapped at the plasma membrane (PM) completely. Thus, coat compression is likely driven in part by actin assembly itself, but it requires myosin-2 for efficient completion. In contrast to myosin-2, the long-tailed myosin-1e is recruited to exocytosing CGs immediately after egg activation. Perturbation of myosin-1e results in partial actin coat assembly and induces CG collapse into the PM. Intriguingly, simultaneous inhibition of actin assembly and myosin-1e prevents CG collapse. Together, the results show that myosin-1e and myosin-2 are part of an intricate machinery that coordinates coat compression at exocytosing CGs.
Decentralized servomechanism in nonlinear systems

A decentralized approach to the servomechanism problem of a class of stable nonlinear systems is proposed. Singular perturbation and integral manifold concepts are used to design the servocontroller for each nonlinear subsystem independently. Overall connective stability is preserved and a servomechanism is achieved with the proposed controller. >
Parameter Estimation for an Adaptive Instrumentation of Hall's Optimum Receiver for Digital Signals in Impulse Noise

Newton's method for root finding is shown to be an effective algorithm for computing maximum likelihood estimates of the bias parameter in Hall's optimum receiver for digital singals in impulse noise. Use of a bias estimator allows the receiver to be adaptively instrumented. A simulation indicates that the number of independent samples of the impulse noise, as modeled by Hall, should be around 20 000 for satisfactory parameter estimates.
Localization of CaSR Antagonists in CaSR-expressing Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Objective: Image-based localization of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and parathyroid glands would improve the surgical outcomes of these diseases. MTC and parathyroid glands express high levels of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). The aim of this study was to prove the concept that CaSR antagonists specifically localize to CaSR-expressing tumors in vivo. Design: We synthesized two isomers of a known CaSR calcilytic, Calhex 231, and four new analogs, which have a favorable structure for labeling. Their antagonistic activity was determined using immunoblots demonstrating decreased ERK1/2 phosphorylation after calcium stimulation in human embryonic kidney cells overexpressing CaSR. Compound 9 was further radiolabeled with 125I and evaluated in nude mice with and without heterotransplanted xenografts of MTC cell lines, TT and MZ-CRC-1, that do and do not express CaSR, respectively. Results: Two newly synthesized compounds, 9 and 11, exhibited better antagonistic activity than Calhex 231. The half-life of 125I...