cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Decision Aid on Access to Total Knee Replacement for Black Patients With Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Importance Black patients with advanced osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee are significantly less likely than white patients to undergo surgery. No strategies have been proved to improve access to surgery for black patients with end-stage OA of the knee. Objective To assess whether a decision aid improves access to total knee replacement (TKR) surgery for black patients with OA of the knee. Design, Setting, and Participants In a randomized clinical trial, 336 eligible participants who self-identified as black and 50 years or older with chronic and frequent knee pain, a Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score of at least 39, and radiographic evidence of OA of the knee were recruited from December 1, 2010, to May 31, 2014, at 3 medical centers. Exclusion criteria were history of major joint replacement, terminal illness, inflammatory arthritis, prosthetic leg, cognitive impairment, lack of a telephone, or contraindications to elective replacement surgery. Data were analyzed on a per-protocol and intention-to-treat (ITT) basis. Exposure Access to a decision aid for OA of the knee, a 40-minute video that describes the risks and benefits of TKR surgery. Main Outcomes and Measures Receipt of TKR surgery within 12 months and/or a recommendation for TKR surgery from an orthopedic surgeon within 6 months after the intervention. Results Among 336 patients (101 men [30.1%]; 235 women [69.9%]; mean [SD] age, 59.1 [7.2] years) randomized to the intervention or control group, 13 of 168 controls (7.7%) and 25 of 168 intervention patients (14.9%) underwent TKR within 12 months ( P = .04). These changes represent a 70% increase in the TKR rate, which increased by 86% (11 of 154 [7.1%] vs 23 of 150 [15.3%]; P = .02) in the per-protocol sample. Twenty-six controls (15.5%) and 34 intervention patients (20.2%) in the ITT analysis received a recommendation for surgery within 6 months ( P = .25). The difference in the surgery recommendation rate between the controls (24 of 154 [15.6%]) and the intervention group (31 of 150 [20.7%]) in the per-protocol analysis also was not statistically significant ( P = .25). Adjustment for study site yielded similar results: for receipt of TKR at 12 months, adjusted ORs were 2.10 (95% CI, 1.04-4.27) for the ITT analysis and 2.39 (95% CI, 1.12-5.10) for the per-protocol analysis; for recommendation of TKR at 6 months, 1.39 (95% CI, 0.79-2.44) and 1.41 (95% CI, 0.78-2.55). Conclusions and Relevance A decision aid increased rates of TKR among black patients. However, rates of recommendation for surgery did not differ significantly. A patient-centered counseling and educational intervention may help to address racial variations in the use of TKR for the management of end-stage OA of the knee. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifer:NCT01851785
Colloidal Surfaces with Boundaries, Apex Boojums, and Nested Elastic Self-Assembly of Nematic Colloids

Whether topological defects form when a disk-shaped particle is placed in a liquid-crystal bath depends on the thickness of the particle.
Aerosol removal and cloud collapse accelerated by supersaturation fluctuations in turbulence

Prior observations have documented the process of cloud cleansing, through which cloudy, polluted air from a continent is slowly transformed into cloudy, clean air typical of a maritime environment. During that process, cloud albedo changes gradually, followed by a sudden reduction in cloud fraction and albedo as drizzle forms and convection changes from closed to open cellular. Experiments in a cloud chamber that generates a turbulent environment show a similar cloud cleansing process followed by rapid cloud collapse. Observations of 1) cloud droplet size distribution, 2) interstitial aerosol size distribution, 3) cloud droplet residual size distribution, and 4) water vapor supersaturation are all consistent with the hypothesis that turbulent fluctuations of supersaturation accelerate the cloud cleansing process and eventual cloud collapse. Decay of the interstitial aerosol concentration occurs slowly at first then more rapidly. The accelerated cleansing occurs when the cloud phase relaxation time exceeds the turbulence correlation time.
Abstract 231: Single Site Lifestyle Survey in FMD Patients Suggests Improvement Over Time

Background: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a polyvascular disorder that may result in narrowing, aneurysm, or dissection of affected arteries. A recent qualitative study illuminated common themes...
Damas tramoyeras en el poder: tres casos tirsianos

The present study examines three plays by Tirso de Molina ( Amar por senas, El castigo del penseque and Quien calla otorga ) in which female protagonists in positions of power (or as relatives of those in power) use their authority to confuse and deceive the male protagonists, who is a foreigner in their lands. Their position allows them to go beyond the typical deceptions of Tirso’s intrigue comedies (e. g., Don Gil de las calzas verdes ). Concretely, they manage to detain the young man physically, to torment him without revealing their identity and to send ambiguous message that keep the male character in uncertainty. However, they are constrained by their sense of honor and it is implied that, after the traditional wedding that ends these plays, the women will no longer have the authority to continue their manipulation.
Consumption of obesogenic foods in non-Hispanic black mother-infant dyads.

Obesity continues to be a problem in the United States. Of particular concern is the epidemic of early childhood obesity. A significant predictor of child diet is maternal diet, but little is known about this relationship during infancy. This study examined the association between maternal and infant consumption of key food groups from 6 to 18 months using data from the Infant Care, Feeding, and Risk of Obesity Study, a prospective cohort of 217 non-Hispanic black, low-income, first-time mothers. Using data from 24-hr dietary recalls collected during in-home visits at 6, 9, 12, and 18 months, we assessed longitudinal associations between mother and child intake of both energy-dense, nutrient-poor (obesogenic) food groups and fibre-, nutrient-rich food groups using random intercept logistic regression. Both mothers and their infants had high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, desserts, and sweets and low intake of vegetables and whole grains. Infant consumption of key food groups was strongly associated with maternal consumption, suggesting the need for focused interventions to target maternal diet as a pathway to decreasing risk for the establishment of poor dietary patterns early in life.
ACCOUNTING FOR LABOR IN THE EARLY 19TH CENTURY: THE U.S. ARMS MAKING EXPERIENCE

The national armory at Springfield was the largest prototype of the modern factory establishment and its accounting controls were described by Alfred Chandler [1977] as the most sophisticated in use before the early 1840s. In spite of that, armory management did not integrate piece-rate accounting and a clock-regulated workday to produce prespecified norms of output. Hoskin & Macve [1988] have recently suggested that the armory's accounting controls were unable to attain disciplinary power over labor and increase labor productivity until a West Point trained managerial component had been established at the armory after 1840. They called for a reexamination of the historical record from a disciplinary rather than economic perspective to validate this doctrine. The paper presents the findings of this reexamination and indicates that West Point management training was a relatively minor determinant in the evolving nature of accounting. Several economic and social factors are found to better explain why integ...
The Relationship Between the Constitutive Equation and One-Dimensional Wave Propagation

A uniform normal stress is suddenly applied at the end of a semi-infinite rod. The stress then remains constant. The bar is made of a hypothetical material with a yield stress significantly lower than the applied stress. Various constitutive relationships are assigned to the bar material. Wave front profiles, in terms of the axial strain, are computed for each constitutive relationship, and for different values of the constants that appear in the constitutive equations. Profiles obtained in this way are compared to determine the sensitivity of the characteristic features of the profiles to the form of the constitutive equation. Special computation techniques for minimizing error are described. Results of the computations are discussed in terms of their relevance to the interpretation of experimental measurements.
East not least for Pacific bluefin tuna.

High market values have incentivized extensive fisheries for Pacific bluefin tuna ( Thunnus orientalis , see the photo), a species whose longevity, commercial value, and long generation time make it particularly susceptible to overfishing ( 1 , 2 ). Today, the population of Pacific bluefin tuna stands at an estimated 2.6% of prefished levels ( 1 ). Yet, knowledge of its basic life history is incomplete. Recent studies ( 3 , 4 ) suggest that the fundamental distribution of Pacific bluefin across the North Pacific has been misunderstood. The results underscore the need for basic movement ecology information to assist science-based fisheries management.
A Descriptive Examination of Prisonization Through the Lens of Post-Exoneration Offending

ABSTRACTPrisonization, which seeks to explain criminal behavior as a function of past prison experiences, has been examined through many lenses; however more novel approaches to exploring prisonization have been lacking. This study uniquely explores the concept of prisonization by describing the post-release behavior of 118 wrongfully convicted individuals, known as exonerees.Conclusions were drawn from a dataset of exonerees and criminal history background searches. Comparative analyses show that exonerees without priors serve longer sentences and demonstrate a shorter time to failure (as measured by post-release offending). Offending among this cohort may suggest that otherwise law-abiding citizens were negatively affected by their experience in prison and, furthermore, may indirectly support the notion that being imprisoned fosters criminality in individuals. These results can support conceptual and practical advancements.
Protein delivery into cells using inorganic nanoparticle–protein supramolecular assemblies

The delivery of proteins into cells is a potential game changer for a wide array of therapeutic purposes, including cancer therapy, immunomodulation and treatment of inherited diseases. In this review, we present recently developed nanoassemblies for protein delivery that utilize strategies that range from direct assembly, encapsulation and composite formation. We will discuss factors that affect the efficacy of nanoassemblies for delivery from the perspective of both nanoparticles and proteins. Challenges in the field, particularly achieving effective cytosolar protein delivery through endosomal escape or evasion are discussed.
Defining Quality in Undergraduate Education: Directions for Future Research Informed by a Literature Review.

Objectives: This research brief explores the literature addressing quality in undergraduate education to identify what previous research has said about quality and to offer future directions for research on quality in undergraduate education. Method: We conducted a scoping review to provide a broad overview of existing research. Using targeted search terms in academic databases, we identified and reviewed relevant academic literature to develop emergent themes and implications for future research. Results: The exploratory review of the literature revealed a range of thoughtful discussions and empirical studies attempting to define quality in undergraduate education. Many publications highlighted the importance of including different stakeholder perspectives and presented some of the varying perceptions of quality among different stakeholders. Conclusions: While a number of researchers have explored and written about how to define quality in undergraduate education, there is not a general consensus regarding a definition of quality in undergraduate education. Past research offers a range of insights, models, and data to inform future research. Implication for Theory and/or Practice: We provide four recommendations for future research to contribute to a high quality undergraduate educational experience. We suggest more comprehensive systematic reviews of the literature as a next step.
“The Third Sex”: Nineteenth-Century Women Physicians in Queer, Liminal Literary Spaces

This chapter analyzes the way nineteenth-century novels characterize women physicians who inhabit what the author calls a queer literary space. Nineteenth-century American women physicians represent a queer, transgressive, and liminal space between the physical and ideological female-inhabited domestic space and the male-dominated professional space. The author analyzes novels by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, Sarah Orne Jewett, and Annie Nathan Meyers, arguing that they struggle to contain their women physician characters generically just as dominant gender categories struggled to contain women physicians’ transgression. Novels of realism create liminal spaces that the women physician characters must sacrifice to escape. The characters are liminal generically as they often become either sentimentally sacrificial or unrealistically not quite human. Thus the novels of realism manage to depict generically the very struggle they represent thematically.
Interactive Differential Equations. By Beverly West, Steven Strogatz, Jean Marie McDill, and John Cantwell; software designer Hubert Hohn

(1998). Interactive Differential Equations. By Beverly West, Steven Strogatz, Jean Marie McDill, and John Cantwell; software designer Hubert Hohn. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 105, No. 7, pp. 687-689.
Downtime-Free Live Migration in a Multitenant Database

Multitenant databases provide database services to a large number of users, called tenants. In such environments, an efficient management of resources is essential for providers of these services in order to minimize their capital as well as operational costs. This is typically achieved by dynamic sharing of resources between tenants depending on their current demand, which allows providers to oversubscribe their infrastructure and increase the density (the number of supported tenants) of their database deployment. In order to react quickly to variability in demand and provide consistent quality of service to all tenants, a multitenant database must be very elastic and able to reallocate resources between tenants at a low cost and with minimal disruption. While some existing database and virtualization technologies accomplish this fairly well for resources within a server, the cost of migrating a tenant to a different server often remains high. We present an efficient technique for live migration of database tenants in a shared-disk architecture which imposes no downtime on the migrated tenant and reduces the amount of data to be copied to a minimum. We achieve this by gradually migrating database connections from the source to the target node of a database cluster using a self-adapting algorithm that minimizes performance impact for the migrated tenant. As part of the migration, only frequently accessed cache content is transferred from the source to the target server, while database integrity is guaranteed at all times. We thoroughly analyze the performance characteristics of this technique through experimental evaluation using various database workloads and parameters, and demonstrate that even databases with a size of 100 GB executing 2500 transactions per second can be migrated at a minimal cost with no downtime or failed transactions.
Soil Resilience and Conservation

Soils are prone to degradative processes (e.g., erosion, compaction, salinization, acidification) as discussed in the previous Chapters. Yet, most soils have the inherent capacity to resist exogenous and endogenous perturbations and regain and recover, depending on the severity and duration of the degradative processes, and the intensity of restorative mechanisms. The capacity to recover from perturbations is an important and an inherent attribute of a soil. In other words, a soil possesses an inherent regenerative capacity, which in interaction with proper management, can reverse soil degradation. It is this capacity of the soil to restore itself which forms the topic of this Chapter.
Evolutionary relationships of branched chain and non-specific alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases

As more protein sequences have become available in recent years, it has become clear that they can be grouped in families and superfamilies. These groupings may represent conservation of structural motifs over time or convergent evolution; nonetheless, analysis of the sequences can point to important residues and regions involved in protein function. This information can direct site-specific modifications of the proteins to study function and can also help to identify the function of unknown proteins discovered by cloning techniques.
The Second Victim

Gary Donnell MD, is a second-year resident in Medicine caring for Mr. Pauley, a 64-year-old with a history of diabetes and chronic renal insufficiency. Mr. Pauley’s nurse is Katie, a new graduate. Mr. Pauley was admitted for sudden-onset left side-weakness. A CT scan of his brain on admission showed no evidence of hemorrhage/mass. Katie paged Dr. Donnell 4 h later, when she found the patient to have a distinct change in his speech patterns from her initial admission assessment. Busy with several ER patients, Dr. Donnell did not evaluate Mr. Pauley, but ordered a STAT repeat head CT scan based on Katie’s findings. Radiology assured Dr. Donnell that Mr. Pauley’s CT would be completed within the hour. Dr. Donnell instructed Katie to perform hourly neurologic exams, and to page him with any changes.
Assessing Voter Registration Among Transgender and Gender Non-conforming Individuals

Although public attention to transgender (trans) politics has increased dramatically in recent years, the scholarly community still has a limited understanding of how trans and gender non-conforming (GNC) individuals participate in the political system. Trans/GNC individuals are faced with a dual reality. On one hand, they are part of a highly organized and activated group whose rights depend on political engagement; on the other hand, individuals often face barriers to political participation including a lack of proper identification and low socioeconomic status. In this paper, we explore the effects of these competing forces on trans/GNC voter registration. We use the theory of oppositional consciousness to hypothesize that being part of a political and highly mobilized population helps trans/GNC individuals overcome barriers to participation. Using data on over 5000 self-identified trans/GNC individuals from the 2011 National Transgender Discrimination Survey we show that, though individuals are less likely to participate if they lack gender-conforming identification, on the whole trans/GNC individuals in this survey register at rates that are consistent with or higher than the general population. The evidence points to the importance of the trans political movement in activating and developing oppositional consciousness in its members. We explore the implications of these findings and what they mean for future research.
Comparison of SIRS, qSOFA, and NEWS for the early identification of sepsis in the Emergency Department

Abstract Objectives The increasing use of sepsis screening in the Emergency Department (ED) and the Sepsis-3 recommendation to use the quick Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) necessitates validation. We compared Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), qSOFA, and the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) for the identification of severe sepsis and septic shock (SS/SS) during ED triage. Methods This was a retrospective analysis from an urban, tertiary-care academic center that included 130,595 adult visits to the ED, excluding dispositions lacking adequate clinical evaluation (n = 14,861, 11.4%). The SS/SS group (n = 930) was selected using discharge diagnoses and chart review. We measured sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) for the detection of sepsis endpoints. Results NEWS was most accurate for triage detection of SS/SS (AUROC = 0.91, 0.88, 0.81), septic shock (AUROC = 0.93, 0.88, 0.84), and sepsis-related mortality (AUROC = 0.95, 0.89, 0.87) for NEWS, SIRS, and qSOFA, respectively (p Conclusions NEWS was the most accurate scoring system for the detection of all sepsis endpoints. Furthermore, NEWS was more specific with similar sensitivity relative to SIRS, improves with disease severity, and is immediately available as it does not require laboratories. However, scoring NEWS is more involved and may be better suited for automated computation. QSOFA had the lowest sensitivity and is a poor tool for ED sepsis screening.
Surgical Simulation in Gynecology

Gynecologic surgeries include a wide range of both operations and surgical approaches. Whether involving hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, or even robotic surgical techniques, many of these skills can now be taught using a variety of simulators. Available simulation platforms range from simple box trainers for basic laparoscopic techniques to high-fidelity virtual reality education consoles that can simulate the entire procedures including potential complications. These will continue to evolve and become part of the foundation of initial training and provide opportunities for staff to learn and practice new procedures.
Postoperative Tachycardia in Head and Neck Microvascular Free Flap Patients.

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to determine the incidence of postoperative tachycardia and its predictive value of complications in patients following microvascular free flap surgery in the he...
Captured on Camera: Louisiana's Public Records Law Hindering Civil Liberties

On July 5, 2016, Alton Sterling was shot by two Baton Rouge police officers after an altercation in a convenience store parking lot. Bystanders in the area caught the actual shooting on camera, but unfortunately missed events surrounding and leading up to the shooting. After the Alton Sterling shooting, Baton Rouge faced turmoil and riots that came close to tearing Louisiana apart. The chaos that surrounded the Alton Sterling shooting is directly attributable to the lack of clarity in understanding the circumstances of the event. Specifically, in the Sterling case two bystander videos gave the public a look at the shooting. Instead of bringing clarity to the situation, the bystander videos seemed to create more confusion. The rise in social media and recording devices at the disposal of virtually everyone in the country makes it easy for facts to be misconstrued. As with any major crisis, the public wants to know what actually happened in that exact moment. Permitting the public to receive easier access to police body-worn camera footage would allow them to see a recording of the situation from the officer’s point of view. In excessive-force cases, the officers’ point of view is paramount. Making Louisiana’s public record law more specific would make police body-worn camera footage easier to obtain in certain situations. While also allowing public civil liberties to thrive instead of being weakened. The individual viewing the recording will then be placed in the shoes of the officer who ultimately made the final decision to use deadly force. This improvement will shed light on the circumstances surrounding tragic events and open perspectives to diminish negativity throughout the community. Thus, it is essential that the public records statute be improved regarding the disclosure of police body-worn camera footage to the public in Louisiana. This Article focuses on police body-worn camera footage becoming public record by exploring the benefits and drawbacks of body cameras, along with solutions to the perceived drawbacks of police body-worn cameras. It discusses Louisiana public records law as it stands along with changes that need to be made in order to better serve the citizens of Louisiana and provide access to police body-worn camera footage.
Gamble v. U.S. on Double Jeopardy

Double Jeopardy—the protection against repeated attempts by the state to convict a citizen for the same offense—is one of the core constitutional protections against false prosecution and the harassment of political opponents of the government. But we also have a federal system under our Constitution, in which the national and state governments are separate sovereigns who each perform independent functions. Does the separate sovereigns doctrine mean that Double Jeopardy applies to each accusation or to each government? If a state has brought a criminal prosecution, can the federal government do so as well? This question is not at all clear once we consider the principles behind the Double Jeopardy protection and the ramifications of a ruling one way or the other. The Court’s ruling will have long-term influence on the rights of criminal defendants and the ways in which jurisdictional battles are resolved in American law.
The importance of team psychological safety climate for enhancing younger team members’ innovation-related behaviors in South Korea:

Indigenous cultural nuances such as age-related hierarchies in South Korea have the potential to impact workers’ engagement in innovation-related behaviors (IRBs). We use self-categorization theory...
The Forest in the Future: A Response to Seeing the Forest for the Trees

In this commentary, we highlight some of the strengths of the bibliometric analysis conducted by Qin et al. that examines the relationships between environmental and natural resource sociologies th...
Structural Stability in Causal Decision Theory

There are decision problems in which rational deliberation fails to result in choosing a pure act. This phenomenon is known as decision instability and has been discussed in the literature on causal decision theory. In this paper we investigate another type of instability, called structural instability in dynamical systems theory. Structural instability indicates that certain qualitative features of the process of rational deliberation are under-determined in a decision situation. We illustrate some of the issues arising from structural instability with a recent argument against causal decision theory proposed by Caspar Hare and Brian Hedden. We show that their argument is undermined by considerations arising from decision instability and structural instability.
Bioreactivity and Sunlight Potentiation of Hybrid Polymer Nanoparticles in Oysters, Crassostrea virginica

Polymer dynamic organic theranostic spheres (PolyDOTS) are being studied as a photothermal ablation treatment of cancer and are activated by blue or near-infrared light. PolyDOTS or related hybrid polymeric nanoparticle products could be mass-produced, and it is expected that they, like any other engineered nanoparticle (ENP), could be found in aquatic environments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential toxicity of these types of hybrid nanoparticles on nontarget marine organisms. To investigate the potential of even greater toxicity due to solar exposure, the PolyDOTS were exposed to the sun for 12 h and "charged". Once charged, hepatopancreas and gill tissues from oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were exposed to concentrations of both uncharged and charged PolyDOTS for 24 h in vitro. The effects of PolyDOTS on lysosomal destabilization, cell viability, and free radical damage were analyzed. Significant sublethal toxicity was observed with the charged particles, and reduced viability was observed with uncharged particles in vitro. In vivo imaging studies using IVIS (In Vivo Imaging System) indicated PolyDOTS uptake in tissues. These types of studies are important for understanding the potential effects of light sensitive ENPs in oysters and their broader ecological impacts on estuarine ecosystems.
Commentary - Severe IVH: Time for newer, earlier interventions to prevent brain injury?

Severe germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a major problem in preterm infants [1]. “Severe IVH” generally refers to lesions with large amounts of intraventricular blood, distending the lateral ventricular (Grade III), or a comparable degree of IVH with an associated periventricular hemorrhagic infarction (Grade IV) [2]. The incidence of severe IVH among very preterm infants (<32 weeks’ gestation) currently is approximately 6– 10% [1, 3, 4]. However, the incidence is related strikingly to gestational age and birthweight, with incidence values at 24 weeks’ gestation exceeding 20%. Unfavorable outcomes include mortality rates of approximately 25– 35% and subsequent neurological deficits in approximately 50– 75% [1, 5]. A major complication of severe IVH is progressive ventricular dilation (PVD) which ultimately requires ventriculo-peritoneal shunting (VPS) in 25– 40% [1]. Indeed, the vast majority of PVD in premature infants occurs as a consequence of severe vs milder IVH. In one large study, only 1 of 160 (<1%) of infants with Grade I/II IVH developed PVD requiring a VPS, whereas approximately 30% of 61 infants with Grade III/IV IVH did so; 95% of infants requiring a VPS shunt had Grade III/IV IVH [6]. A very large and controversial literature has addressed the appropriate timing and types of interventions for PVD to prevent brain injury. The many approaches can be divided broadly into those in which intervention is based on (1) quantitative measures of ventricular size or (2) onset of clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure or both [7, 8]. The purpose of this Commentary is to suggest that waiting for the development of PVD to intervene misses an opportunity for earlier and perhaps more effective intervention. Recent experimental studies suggest that the large amount of intraventricular (and intraparenchymal) blood per se causes brain injury, that this injury may be ameliorated, and that the focus of targeted management of severe IVH should not be delayed until PVD develops.
Inverse Spectral Problems for Schrödinger Operators

In this article we find some explicit formulas for the semi-classical wave invariants at the bottom of the well of a Schrodinger operator. As an application of these new formulas for the wave invariants, we improve the inverse spectral results proved by Guillemin and Uribe in [GU]. They proved that under some symmetry assumptions on the potential V(x), the Taylor expansion of V(x) near a non-degenerate global minimum can be recovered from the knowledge of the low-lying eigenvalues of the associated Schrodinger operator in \({\mathbb R^n}\) . We prove similar inverse spectral results using fewer symmetry assumptions. We also show that in dimension 1, no symmetry assumption is needed to recover the Taylor coefficients of V(x).
Adaptation and communicative design.

Two theoretical frameworks that examine the nature of adaptability and mutual influence in interaction, interpersonal deception theory and interaction adaptation theory, were used to derive hypotheses concerning patterns of interaction that occur across time in truthful and deceptive conversations. Two studies were conducted in which senders were either truthful or deceptive in their interactions with a partner who increased or decreased involvement during the latter half of the conversation. Results revealed that deceivers felt more anxious and were more concerned about self-presentation than truthtellers prior to the interaction and displayed less initial involvement than truthtellers. Patterns of interaction were also moderated by deception. Deceivers increased involvement over time but also reciprocated increases or decreases in receiver involvement. However, deceivers were less responsive than truthtellers to changes in receiver behavior. Finally, partner involvement served as feedback to senders regarding their own performance.
An Updated Overview of Gender Dysphoria and Gender Affirmation Surgery: What Every Plastic Surgeon Should Know

Gender dysphoria refers to the medical condition experienced by individuals whose physical anatomy is not consistent with their gender identity. Surgery is a safe and effective treatment for many individuals, yet the current demand for surgery exceeds the number of trained surgeons. This article reviews gender-affirming surgical procedures and emphasizes an individualized approach within the context of a multidisciplinary team. We review pre-, intra-, and postoperative care including the preoperative requirements for surgery.
OnTarget: An Electronic Archery Scoring.

There are several challenges in creating an electronic archery scoring system using computer vision techniques. Variability of light, reconstruction of the target from several images, variability of target configuration, and filtering noise were significant challenges during the creation of this scoring system. This paper discusses the approach used to determine where an arrow hits a target, for any possible single or set of targets and provides an algorithm that balances the difficulty of robust arrow detection while retaining the required accuracy.
The presence of Superfund sites as a determinant of life expectancy in the United States.

Superfund sites could affect life expectancy (LE) via increasing the likelihood of exposure to toxic chemicals. Here, we assess to what extent such presence could alter the LE independently and in the context of sociodemographic determinants. A nationwide geocoded statistical modeling at the census tract level was undertaken to estimate the magnitude of impact. Results showed a significant difference in LE among census tracts with at least one Superfund site and their neighboring tracts with no sites. The presence of a Superfund site could cause a decrease of −0.186 ± 0.027 years in LE. This adverse effect could be as high as −1.22 years in tracts with Superfund sites and high sociodemographic disadvantage. Specific characteristics of Superfund sites such as being prone to flooding and the absence of a cleanup strategy could amplify the adverse effect. Furthermore, the presence of Superfund sites amplifies the negative influence of sociodemographic factors at lower LEs. Superfund sites have hazardous wastes that could affect the health of those who live near them, but this has not been assessed across the USA. Here the authors find that proximity to superfund sites decreases life expectancy and is further exacerbated by sociodemographic and climate change factors.
Ustekinumab as adjuvant treatment for all pyoderma gangrenosum subtypes.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic skin disease characterized by painful skin ulcerations with violaceous borders, although pustular, bullous, and vegetative clinical-pathological var...
Prognostic Factors Affecting Long-Term Outcomes After Elbow Dislocation: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

Purpose To describe patient-reported outcomes following simple elbow dislocation and to identify the baseline factors that predict outcomes. Methods Adult patients treated with a closed reduction for a simple elbow dislocation with or without minor fracture (coronoid avulsion, radial head fracture, or epicondyle avulsion) from 2000 to 2018 completed outcome instruments including Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) via Research Electronic Data Capture. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Univariate followed by multivariate Tobit regression models were used to determine factors associated with clinical outcomes on QuickDASH. Social deprivation was measured using the Area Deprivation Index. Patients with additional upper-extremity injuries or associated major fractures (Monteggia or terrible triad injuries, distal humerus fractures, etc) were excluded. Results At a mean follow-up of 67.5 months, 95% (38/40) of patients reported satisfaction with treatment, and clinical outcomes were good (QuickDASH 9.0 ± 14.8). Univariate analysis showed that higher Area Deprivation Index, older age, female sex, high-energy mechanism of injury, and worker’s compensation (WC) or Medicare insurance status (vs commercial) was associated with significantly worse QuickDASH scores at follow-up. Early therapy, dominant elbow involvement, presence of minor fractures (minimally displaced radial head, coronoid tip, or epicondylar avulsion fractures), race, and treating service did not influence outcomes in univariate analyses. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between increased social deprivation, WC insurance, and Medicare insurance and worse QuickDASH scores while controlling for new upper-extremity injury, age, sex, and mechanism of injury. Conclusions Outcomes and treatment satisfaction following simple elbow dislocation are generally good but are significantly worse for the patients with greater levels of social deprivation and WC or Medicare insurance. Although surgeons should be aware of the possibility that specific subsets of patients may benefit from early therapy, this factor did not appear to influence long-term outcomes in this small cohort. Type of study/level of evidence Prognostic III.
The Trinity in German Thought

The Trinity in German Thought, published in 2000, describes the three ideas that govern modern German Trinitarian thought: the ideas of reflective selfhood, of revelation and of history. 'Reflective selfhood' designates the attempt at finding an analogy between the Trinity and the structure of the human self. Such attempts, following the lead of Augustine, typically see the structure of self-consciousness as an especially apt analogy of the Trinity. 'Revelation' points to two questions: what is the Word of God? and can the idea of the Trinity be derived from the Word? From Martin Luther to the present, Trinitarian thought has depended on the way in which theologians conceived of the Word. 'History' designates the impact that historical modes of thought have had on Trinitarian thought. For some, 'history' has meant a critical approach to Scripture and creeds; for others, it has meant God's own participation in history.
Optical Damage, Nonlinear Transmission, and Doubling Efficiency in LiIO 3

Laser-induced damage thresholds of single crystal LiIO 3 have been studied using picosecond pulses at 1.06 μm and 0.53 μm. These thresholds depend on wavelength, crystal orientation, and on the number of times the sample has been irradiated. In addition, the doubling efficiency at high irradiance levels was observed to be a decreasing function of irradiance beyond a critical value. We present evidence to show that this results from the onset of optical parametric down conversion. In separate nonlinear transmission studies, reversible nonlinear transmission of 1.06 μm light was measured, and in self-diffraction experiments, both reversible and irreversible optically-induced complex index of refraction changes at 0.53 μm were observed.
Structure, composition, and morphogenesis of the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardi. II. Electron microscopy and optical diffraction analysis.

As a prelude to in vitro experiments on the problem of assembly processes, the detailed three-dimensional architecture of the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardi is being investigated. Optical diffraction techniques have been applied to electron micrographs of purified cell walls, and the Fourier transform derived from a single cell wall has been identified. Similar micrographs, subjected to photographic linear integration, or optical reconstitution after image filtering, have clarified the structures comprising the complex lattice within the wall. Optical diffraction techniques, applied to micrographs of rotary-shadowed cell walls, have enabled a correlation between the structure of the outer surface of the wall and the negatively stained wall to be established. Our results demonstrate the presence within the cell wall of a highly ordered complex glycoprotein lattice for which we have proposed a two-dimensional structural model to a resolution of about 2.5 nm. The repeating morphological unit of the model can be described as a parallelogram, composed of several discrete components, with sides of 28.5 nm and 23.6 nm and an angle of 80°. Such a highly crystalline cell wall component is at present unique among plant cells, but may be of more general occurrence as its extreme lability has made detection difficult by conventional methods.
Friction Modeling for Control

Tribology is the science of friction and wear. In tribology, long effort has been devoted to the study of the physics and dynamics of friction. Controls is concerned with the dynamics of servo machines, but the friction models used for controls analysis are often very basic. This paper presents a brief outline of tribological results important for control.
Electrodeposition of Cu in the PEI-PEG-Cl-SPS Additive System Reduction of Overfill Bump Formation During Superfilling

The impact of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) on Cu electrodeposition from an acidified cupric sulfate electtrolyte containing a combination of superfilling additives, specifically polyethylene glycol, bis(3-sulfopropyl)disulfide, and chloride (PEG-Cl-SPS), is examined. Electroanalytical measurements reveal that adsorption of cationic PEI leads to inhibition of the metal deposition reaction to an extent similar to that provided by PEG-Cl adsorption. However, unlike the PEG-Cl suppressor, PEI is shown to deactivate adsorbed SPS accelerator. As a result, addition of PEI quenches the hysteretic voltammetric response that is a signature of competitive adsorption in the PEG-Cl-SPS additive system. Trench-filling experiments in a PEI-PEG-Cl-SPS electrolyte demonstrate that the deactivating interaction between PEI adsorption and adsorbed SPS can be optimized to prevent overfill bump formation without substantial detrimental impact on bottom-up, void-free feature filling.
Alternative edge-server architectures for enterprise JavaBeans applications

Edge-server architectures are widely used to improve web-application performance for non-transactional data. However, their use with transactional data is complicated by the need to maintain a common database that is shared among different edge-servers. In this paper we examine the performance characteristics of alternative edge-server architectures for transactional Enterprise JavaBeans (EJBs) applications. In one architecture, a remote database is shared among a number of edge-servers; in another, edge-servers maintain cached copies of transactionally-consistent EJBs. Importantly, the caching function is transparent to applications that use it.
structSSI: Simultaneous and Selective Inference for Grouped or Hierarchically Structured Data

The 𝖱 package structSSI provides an accessible implementation of two recently developed simultaneous and selective inference techniques: the group Benjamini-Hochberg and hierarchical false discovery rate procedures. Unlike many multiple testing schemes, these methods specifically incorporate existing information about the grouped or hierarchical dependence between hypotheses under consideration while controlling the false discovery rate. Doing so increases statistical power and interpretability. Furthermore, these procedures provide novel approaches to the central problem of encoding complex dependency between hypotheses. We briefly describe the group Benjamini-Hochberg and hierarchical false discovery rate procedures and then illustrate them using two examples, one a measure of ecological microbial abundances and the other a global temperature time series. For both procedures, we detail the steps associated with the analysis of these particular data sets, including establishing the dependence structures, performing the test, and interpreting the results. These steps are encapsulated by 𝖱 functions, and we explain their applicability to general data sets.
Workaholic Tendencies and the High Potential for Stress Among Co-Workers

The dangers associated with excessive time at work do not apply equally to all people. Attempts to specify how much is too much have often referenced underlying motives as a factor in whether time at work is excessive and, therefore, likely to lead to undesirable outcomes. The literature on workaholism separates joy in work and perfectionism as two contrasting characteristics, either of which can lead to long hours at work. This study categorized subjects on those two characteristics to examine how the differences might relate to stress among coworkers. In line with suggestions of earlier studies, the joy/perfectionism difference was not linked to standard demographic breakdowns. However, tendencies toward one or the other did correspond to perceptions that may affect the quality of personal interaction in the workplace and, therefore, the level of stress among coworkers.
Prognostic value of the serum free light chain ratio in newly diagnosed myeloma: proposed incorporation into the international staging system.

To determine if the serum free light chain (FLC) ratio has prognostic value in patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM), baseline serum samples from a well-characterized cohort of 790 newly diagnosed MM patients were tested with the FLC assay. FLC ratio was calculated as kappa/lambda (reference range 0.26-1.65). On the basis of the distribution of values, a cutpoint kappa/lambda FLC ratio of 32 was chosen for further analysis. Overall survival was significantly inferior in patients with an abnormal FLC ratio of 32 (n=479) compared with those with an FLC ratio between 0.03 and 32 (n=311), with median survival of 30 versus 39 months, respectively. We incorporated abnormal FLC ratio with the International Staging System (ISS) risk factors (that is, albumin or=3.5 g/l), to create a risk stratification model with improved prognostic capabilities. Patients with 0, 1, 2 or 3 adverse risk factors had significantly different overall survival, with median survival times of 51, 39, 30 and 22 months, respectively (P<0.001). These findings suggest that the serum FLC ratio at initial diagnosis is an important predictor of prognosis in myeloma, and can be incorporated into the ISS for improved risk stratification.
Immunochemical studies of angiotensin

Abstract Water-soluble carbodiimides and a benzisoxazolium salt were used to synthesize conjugates containing angiotensin coupled to albumin or poly- l -lysine. antibodies to angiotensin were induced with a conjugate containing the hormone bound to rabbit serum albumin. The antigenic determinants of angiotensin were investigated by inhibition of complement fixation by analogues of the polypeptide. Among the structural features of angiotensin tested, those which had greatest importance for serologic activity were conformation as determined by an optical isomer in the middle of the hormone molecule: the presence of the two amino acids at the N-terminus; and the single phenolic hydroxyl. The structural features shown to be important for serologic activity were those previously shown to be important for biological activity.