cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Predicting scientific impact based on h-index

Predicting the future impact of a scientist/researcher is a critical task. The objective of this work is to evaluate different h-index prediction models for the field of Computer Science. Different combinations of parameters have been identified to build the model and applied on a large data set taken from Arnetminer comprised of almost 1.8 million authors and 2.1 million publications’ record of Computer Science. Machine learning prediction technique, regression, is used to find the best set of parameters suitable for h-index prediction for the scientists from all career ages, without enforcing any constraint on their current h-index values with R 2 as a metric to measure the accuracy. Further, these parameters are evaluated for different career ages and different thresholds for h-index values. Prediction results for 1 year are really good, having R 2 0.93 but for 5 years R 2 declines to 0.82 on average. Hence inferred that prediction of h-index is difficult for longer periods. Predictions for the researchers having 1 year experience are not precise, having R 2 0.60 for 1 year and 0.33 for 5 years. Considering scientists of different career ages, average R 2 values for researchers having 20–36 years of experience were 0.99. For the researches having different h-index values, researchers having low h-index were difficult to predict. Parameters set comprising of current h-index, average citations per paper, number of coauthors, years since publishing first article, number of publications, number of impact factor publications, and number of publications in distinct journals performed better than all other combinations.
Mineral inclusion assemblage and detrital zircon provenance

Abstract Mineral inclusions are common in magmatic zircon and a potentially rich source of petrologic information. Controls on the relative proportions of inclusion phases, specifically early-crystallizing minerals such as apatite and late-crystallizing phases such as quartz, K-feldspar, and muscovite, have not been systematically studied. For instance, apatite dominates many magmatic zircon inclusion suites, and selective replacement of apatite over other phases has been proposed as a mechanism for generating apatite-poor inclusion assemblages in detrital zircons. However, the extent to which apatite inclusion abundance is influenced by source rock composition has not been established. The preservation of characteristic minerals in granite series, such as differences in magnetite and ilmenite abundances due to varying redox, have also not been systematically explored as inclusion phases in zircon. We surveyed zircon inclusion assemblages in Phanerozoic granitoids of a range of compositions and found a broadly inverse relationship between the presence of apatite in the inclusion suite and whole-rock SiO2 content. Selective loss of apatite is evident from deficits in apatite content among inclusions in contact with cracks in both detrital zircons and some granitoid zircons with independent evidence for fluid ingress (i.e., secondary phases filling open cracks). In cases where microstructural observations can identify primary inclusion assemblages (versus those impacted by fluid ingress), the relative occurrence of apatite can be used to broadly predict source rock SiO2 content. There is little relationship between whole-rock chemistry and the abundance of late-crystallizing phases or the relative proportions of quartz, plagioclase, and alkali feldspar. The presence of ilmenite not in contact with cracks in the host zircon likely points to origins in ilmenite-series (i.e., reduced) magmas, but the presence of magnetite is less diagnostic. Using the apatite abundance metric, detrital Hadean zircons from Jack Hills (Western Australia), appear to derive from felsic rather than intermediate or mafic granitoids and detrital Eoarchean zircons from Nuvvuagittuq Supracrustal Belt (Quebec) may derive from intermediate to felsic granitoids. No Fe-Ti oxides have been identified in Nuvvuagittuq zircons, but rare ilmenite in Jack Hills zircons points to origins of at least some part of the population in ilmenite-series magmas.
pyObs: Open-Source Software for Computer-Assisted Behavioral Observation Coding

pyObs is a computer-assisted behavioral observation coding system used to record social interaction among children in classroom and playground settings. Its flexible architecture allows it to be useful for capturing behaviors occurring in settings that vary across age group or context. Written in Python, pyObs has a cross-platform GUI using drop down menus and check boxes along with audio and visual cues that increase coder reliability. Time-stamped GIS maps record subject location. And data are output into standard formats, such as csv. pyObs is extensible, making it simple to change the interface depending on the research objectives.
Local failure and vertebral body fracture risk using multifraction stereotactic body radiation therapy for spine metastases.

Abstract Purpose Single-fraction radiation surgery for spine metastases is highly effective. However, a high rate (20-39%) of vertebral body fracture (VBF) has been associated with large, single-fraction doses. We report our experience using multifraction stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Methods and materials All patients who were treated with multifraction SBRT for spine metastases at our institution between 2009 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. SBRT was delivered in 2 to 5 fractions using the Cyberknife System (Accuray, Sunnyvale, CA). Patients were followed clinically and with magnetic resonance imaging every 3 to 6 months. Local control, complications (including VBF), and overall survival were evaluated. Patient, disease, and treatment variables were analyzed for a statistical association with outcomes. Results A total of 83 patients were treated to 98 spine lesions with a median follow-up of 7.6 months. Histologies included non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; 24%), renal cell carcinoma (RCC; 18%), and breast cancer (12%). Surgery or vertebroplasty were performed before SBRT in 21% of cases. Patients received a median SBRT dose of 24 Gy in a median of 3 fractions. Local control was 93% at 6 months and 84% at 1 year. Higher prescribed dose, higher biologic effective dose, higher minimum dose to 90% of the planning target volume, tumor histology, and smaller tumor volume predicted improved local control. The cumulative dose was 23 Gy versus 26 Gy for patients with and without failure ( P = .02), higher biologic effective dose 39 Gy versus 46 Gy, ( P = .01), and higher minimum dose to 90% of the planning target volume 23 Gy versus 26 Gy ( P = .03). VBF occurred in 4.2% of all cases and 5.3% of those without surgery or vertebroplasty prior to SBRT. Only preexisting VBF predicted risk of post-SBRT VBF ( P Conclusions Multifraction SBRT results in a high local control rate for metastatic spinal disease with a low VBF rate, which suggests a favorable therapeutic ratio compared with single-fraction SBRT.
Modulation of subsets of cardiac B lymphocytes improves cardiac function after acute injury

Despite the long-standing recognition that the immune response to acute myocardial injury contributes to adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling, it has not been possible to effectively target this clinically. Using 2 different in vivo models of acute myocardial injury, we show that pirfenidone confers beneficial effects in the murine heart through an unexpected mechanism that depends on cardiac B lymphocytes. Naive hearts contained a large population of CD19+CD11b-CD23-CD21-IgD+IgMlo lymphocytes, and 2 smaller populations of CD19+CD11b+ B1a and B1b cells. In response to tissue injury, there was an increase in neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, as well as an increase in CD19+ CD11b- B lymphocytes. Treatment with pirfenidone had no effect on the number of neutrophils, monocytes, or macrophages, but decreased CD19+CD11b- lymphocytes. B cell depletion abrogated the beneficial effects of pirfenidone. In vitro studies demonstrated that stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and extracts from necrotic cells activated CD19+ lymphocytes through a TIRAP-dependent pathway. Treatment with pirfenidone attenuated this activation of B cells. These findings reveal a previously unappreciated complexity of myocardial B lymphocytes within the inflammatory infiltrate triggered by cardiac injury and suggest that pirfenidone exerts beneficial effects in the heart through a unique mechanism that involves modulation of cardiac B lymphocytes.
Simulation of two-phase flow in a complex porous medium

Lattice Boltzmann (LB) method is a novel approach for simulating fluid flow in complex systems. It has advantages including simplicity of extension to three dimensions and inherent treatment of complex phenomena. In this work the method is applied to simulate two-component fluid flow inside porous media. A novel technique to generate porous media has been developed using fractals. The two-component model correctly simulates different stages of the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability, such as linear growth of the interface, developing of spikes and bubbles, and the Kelvin Helmholtz (KH) instability. The RT instability suffers from diffusion during the late stages of the simulation. The RT instability is simulated inside a porous medium where heavy and light fluids are displaced.
Small-Molecule Regulation of MicroRNA Function

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded noncoding RNAs of 21–23 nucleotides, which regulate the expression of genes by binding to the 3′ untranslated regions of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). MicroRNAs down-regulate gene expression by either inhibiting translation or accelerating the degradation of the mRNA. It is estimated that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of about 30 % of all genes and almost every genetic pathway, making miRNAs an important class of gene regulators. Variations in miRNA expression are involved in many human diseases including cancer, immune disorders, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Thus, small molecule modifiers of miRNA function have potential as new therapeutic agents, as probes for the elucidation of detailed mechanisms of miRNA function and regulation, and as tools for the discovery of new targets for the treatment of human diseases. A variety of different assay systems have been developed and used in the discovery of small molecule modifiers of miRNA function. Identified small molecules regulate the miRNA pathway in either a general or a miRNA-specific fashion. The discovery and development of these molecules demonstrates that the miRNA pathway represents a feasible small molecule target. Several of these small molecules have also shown therapeutic potential in cell based experiments, supporting the idea that modifiers of miRNA function could lead to the identification of new drugs.
Reply to Lessons in Program Evaluation: The ACTV Batterer Program Study and Its Claims.

Gondolf, Bennett, and Mankowski raise many concerns about the ACTV batterers’ intervention program (BIP) and the Zarling, Bannon, and Berta evaluation of ACTV, including (a) the researchers’ and th...
A smoothing-based goodness-of-fit test of covariance for functional data

Functional data methods are often applied to longitudinal data as they provide a more flexible way to capture dependence across repeated observations. However, there is no formal testing procedure to determine if functional methods are actually necessary. We propose a goodness-of-fit test for comparing parametric covariance functions against general nonparametric alternatives for both irregularly observed longitudinal data and densely observed functional data. We consider a smoothing-based test statistic and approximate its null distribution using a bootstrap procedure. We focus on testing a quadratic polynomial covariance induced by a linear mixed effects model and the method can be used to test any smooth parametric covariance function. Performance and versatility of the proposed test is illustrated through a simulation study and three data applications.
Control Strategy and Simulation of a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) Based Pump-Back System for Variable Speed Drive Application

A standard pump-back system consisting of two Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) has been proposed. Compared with traditional two-level inverter based pump-back system, the MMC based topology is able to produce a virtual grid with multilevel voltage output. In addition, energy control loops are unique for MMC to ensure the energy balance between its DC and AC side. The associating challenge is to retrieve the moving average of the capacitor energy under variable frequency condition. The basic operation principle and control strategies including all the energy and current loops have been discussed in detail. Moreover, an ABC to Alpha-Beta transformation based method has been implemented in order to solve the moving average problem. A PLECS simulation with equation based switching mode has been conducted to test the performance of the control algorithms and to improve the simulation speed. The simulation results and analysis have been provided and future work has been mentioned.
Burden of high-risk HPV infection in the United States: NHANES (1999-2012).

e12517 Background: Certain Human Papilloma Viruses (HPVs) have been implicated in causing cancer of the cervix, penis, anus, vagina, vulva, and oropharynx. Other HPV types can cause non-cancerous t...
The electrochemical crystallization of the copper (II) oxide on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Copper (II) oxide (CuO) crystal structures have been grown on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). For this purpose, functional –COOH and –OH groups were introduced on the surface of MWCNTs by ultra-wave mixing in the H2SO4 and HNO3 bath. The functionalized MWCNTs (fMWCNTs) were washed with distilled water and dried in plasma cleaner. Subsequently, the fMWCNTs were ultra-wave mixed with distilled water. CuO crystal structures were formed on the surface of the fMWCNTs during electrochemical dissolving of copper atoms from a copper electrode. The CuO crystal structures coated the fMWCNTs. These structures formed CuO nanotubes on the fMWCNTs at the specified conditions (colloid concentration, temperature, electric current density). The following annealing process at 500°C produced hollow CuO nanotubes preserving the precursor form. We used high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) to study the chemical structures. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed results of HTXRD and RS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the tubular geometry of the CuO nanostructures. It was shown that powder of the structures features high specific surface area up to 300 m2/g at least. The possible applications of the structures in nanotechnology and of the powder as a catalyst are discussed.
How To Prepare Students for Algebra

ecent interest in mathematics education has put the teaching of algebra in the national spotlight. The present national goal is not only “Algebra For All,” but also “Algebra in the Eighth Grade.” Because algebra has come to be regarded as a gatekeeper course—those who successfully pass through will keep going while those who don’t will be permanently left behind—the high failure rate in algebra, especially among minority students, has rightfully become an issue of general social concern. Many solutions of a pedagogical nature have been proposed, including the teaching of “algebraic thinking” starting in kindergarten or first grade. I will argue in this paper that no matter how much “algebraic thinking” is introduced in the early grades and no matter how worthwhile such exercises might be, the failure rate in algebra will continue to be high unless we radically revamp the teaching of fractions and decimals. The proper study of fractions provides a ramp that leads students gently from arithmetic up to algebra. But when the approach to fractions is defective, that ramp collapses, and students are required to scale the wall of algebra not at a gentle slope but at a ninety degree angle. Not surprisingly, many can’t. To understand why fractions hold the potential for being the best kind of “pre-algebra,” we must first consider the nature of algebra and what makes it different from whole number arithmetic. Algebra is generalized arithmetic. It is a more abstract and more general version of the arithmetic operations with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals. Generality means algebra goes beyond the computation of concrete numbers and focuses instead on properties that are common to all the numbers under discussion, be it positive fractions, whole
The Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Programs to Reduce Unemployment in Developing Countries: The Case of Saudi Arabia

Starting a new business, developing new products and/or services and bringing those to the market may seem deceitfully easy, but in reality, it is a very painful and risky endeavor that can be nearly impossible to undertake without proper implementation process in place. Several entrepreneurship programs have been established in different regions or countries to make a positive economic change while remaining profitable for both people and the government. Saudi Arabia is a rich country that enjoys high financial potential. In spite of the country is taking remarkable steps into the entrepreneurship world, there are still unique challenges that inspire or hamper entrepreneurs to engage in the entrepreneur programs' process more fully. In this paper, we explored these challenges and show the transformation of the ecosystem strategy that the Saudi Arabia government has taken to develop the entrepreneurship ecosystem and startup. The study aims to investigate and analyze the relationships between the effectiveness of entrepreneurship programs and unemployment. The paper, however, concludes that the existing entrepreneurship ecosystem is still needed development in order to resolve the problem of unemployment in Saudi Arabia. The country should improve the strategies that can support to create an entrepreneurial culture and encourage the youth to involve in starting new enterprises.
Reconstruction of Post-Traumatic Maxillary Ridges Using a Radial Forearm Free Flap and Allogeneic Tissue-Engineered Bone Grafts

Post-traumatic maxillary alveolar ridge defect presents a unique reconstructive challenge due to the lack of soft tissue volume that is required for traditional bone graft techniques. In addition, the curvilinear shape and relatively small-sized defect make osteocutaneous free flap such as the fibula an approach that is excessive and difficult for a good cosmetic outcome. With an effort to minimize surgical morbidities, reduce length of hospital stay, and maximize esthetic result, we turn to a novel technique that utilizes a combination of bone tissue engineering and radial forearm free flap for reconstruction of maxillary ridge defect. The concept of bone tissue engineering satisfies all three basic principles of osteoregeneration for a successful graft. The application of a versatile soft tissue free flap such as the radial forearm serves to maximize the volume gain and limit failure rate of the graft, as well as producing excellent esthetic outcome.
Attacking NIST biometric image software using nonlinear optimization

Abstract Automated fingerprint identification systems are deployed by law enforcement agencies all over the world for authentication. In the US, the NIST biometric image software (NBIS) is used by the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Bureau of Investigation for fingerprint matching. NBIS uses MINDTCT as the minutia extractor and BOZORTH3 as the fingerprint matcher. We use nonlinear optimization to attack the BOZORTH3 fingerprint matching system. We use FVC2002, ATVS and CASIA datasets to validate the performance of our attack. We show that the average match score of attack fingerprints is 111.2 for FVC2002, 97.17 for ATVS and 111.07 for the CASIA dataset. We show that for all three datasets, changing only 14 minutia features allows us to attack the BOZORTH3 fingerprint matcher with more than 75% probability of successful attack.
Reactions of the Dirhenium(II) Complexes Re2X4(μ-dppm)2 (X=Cl, Br; dppm=Ph2PCH2PPh2) with Isocyanides. Part XV: A Fifth Structural Isomer of the [Re2Cl3(μ-dppm)2(CO)(CNXyl)2]+ Cation (Xyl = 2, 6-Dimethylphenyl)

The reaction of the unsymmetrical, coordinatively unsaturated dirhenium(II) complex [(XylNC)(OC)CIRe(μ-dppm)2ReCl2]O3SCF3 (dppm = Ph2PCH2PPh2) with one equivalent of XylNC in CH2Cl2 affords a fifth structural isomer of the [Re2Cl3(μ-dppm)2(CO)(CNXyl)2] + cation; this is believed to have a CO-bridged structure of the type [(XylNC)ClRe(μ-Cl)(μ-CO)(μ-dppm)2ReCl(CNXyl)]+. The latter complex reacts with a further equivalent of XylNC in the presence of Tl+ to form the [Re2Cl2(μ-dppm)2(CO)(CNXyl)3]2+ cation, which has been shown by IR spectroscopy, and by the X-ray crystallographic characterization of its neutral congener Re2Cl2(μ-dppm)2(CO)(CNXyl)3, to contain a very weak and unsymmetrical CO bridge.
Associative Memory in Spiking Neural Network Form Implemented on Neuromorphic Hardware

Implementing cognitive algorithms on robots is one potential direction to realize autonomous artificial agents. As society and technology progress there is an effort to push robotics and artificial intelligence into many aspects of daily life. An important step in this process is leveraging concepts known to work from human cognitive features on computer systems. This paper shows an associative memory in the form of a spiking neural network (SNN), an application of the associative memory, and some performance benchmarking. SNNs allow these computational models to be instantiated in a low size, weight, and power (SWaP) form factor due to the biological efficiencies they approximate. The model is created in a neural network simulator and run on a low SWaP CPU and Intel’s Loihi, an artificial intelligence accelerator highly optimized for spiking neural algorithms. In addition, the model is employed on a mobile robotic platform that explores the real world and uses online learning to make associations. When the model was run on Loihi the overall power usage decreased as well as the run time of the simulation as compared to the low SWaP CPU proving beneficial to implement the neuromorphic hardware.
Discovery of IPN60090, a Clinical Stage Selective Glutaminase-1 (GLS-1) Inhibitor with Excellent Pharmacokinetic and Physicochemical Properties

Inhibition of glutaminase-1 (GLS-1) hampers the proliferation of tumor cells reliant on glutamine. Known glutaminase inhibitors have potential limitations, and in vivo exposures are potentially limited due to poor physicochemical properties. We initiated a GLS-1 inhibitor discovery program focused on optimizing physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, and have developed a new selective inhibitor, compound 27 (IPN60090), which is currently in phase 1 clinical trials. Compound 27 attains high oral exposures in preclinical species, with strong in vivo target engagement, and should robustly inhibit glutaminase in humans.
Small-Group Counseling Intervention to Support Career Exploration of Rural Middle School Students.

Students from rural backgrounds may face unique challenges with respect to their career-identity development. School counselors are critically positioned to support the career development of these ...
Extraction efficiency of alcohols from activated carbon and silica gel sampling agents in the low concentration region

Activated carbon and silica gel adsorbents are commonly used as sampling agents in small glass tube products for work environment measurements of organic solvent vapor in air. In the measurements, extraction efficiency of organic solvent components from sampling agents is very important for accuracy of the determination. We have investigated the effect of two representative efficiency determination methods as established by the Industrial Safety and Health Act in Japan: the direct addition and phase equilibrium methods, using both of these adsorbent materials found in typical recent sampling tube products in Japan and four types of alcohol. The results indicate that the phase equilibrium method has a tendency to show slightly higher values compared with the direct addition method for each adsorbent. In addition, compared with silica gel, petroleum-based activated carbon can be a preferable sampling agent of alcohols in the extremely low concentration region, below approximately 10 ppm.
Minimally invasive follicular carcinoma: predictors of vascular invasion and impact on patterns of care

Some studies have reported that minimally invasive follicular carcinoma (MIFC) with vascular invasion is associated with compromised prognosis, leading to an ongoing debate regarding extent of surgery for MIFC. Our goal was to identify predictors of vascular invasion and determine its impact on patterns of care. Adult patients with MIFC were culled from the National Cancer Database, 2010–2011, and segregated according to the presence/absence of capsular or vascular invasion. Variables of interest were examined using Chi-square and student’s t tests. Multivariate analysis was performed with logistic regression. A total of 617 patients with MIFC were identified: 54 % with capsular invasion only and 46 % with vascular invasion. Demographic characteristics were similarly distributed between the two groups. Tumor size was larger in patients with vascular invasion (mean = 35.7 vs. 29.2 mm capsular invasion only, p < 0.001); a 2 % increase in risk of vascular invasion was observed with each 1 mm increase in size. The rate of total thyroidectomy was similar for MIFCs with vascular invasion compared to capsular invasion only (72.9 vs. 75.1 %, p = 0.537). The RAI administration rate was higher in patients with vascular invasion (62.1 vs. 52.6 % capsular invasion only, p = 0.017). In multivariate analysis, the presence of vascular invasion was independently associated with increased likelihood of receiving RAI (OR 1.641, p = 0.007). MIFC remains aggressively treated despite current guidelines favoring a more conservative approach. Building consensus around MIFC management is important for standardization of practice patterns and improvement in quality of care.
\sim Open Resolvers: Understanding the Origins of Anomalous Open DNS Resolvers

Recent distributed denial-of-service attacks on the Internet have been exploiting necessarily open protocols, such as DNS. The Spamhaus attack is one of the largest ever examples of such attacks. Although much research has been conducted to discuss how to mitigate these threats, little has been done to understand why open resolvers exist in the first place. In particular, 60 % of the open resolvers have anomalous behavior and causes for their behavior remain a mystery, which hurts mitigation efforts. Our research produces the first detailed investigation of the 17 million anomalous open resolvers and find that these are primarily ADSL modems made by four manufacturers. These devices behave anomalously and respond to DNS queries with the wrong source port due to improper NAT configurations and are unfortunately hard to fix without a concerted effort by ISPs and manufacturers. We also find that anomalous open resolvers are clustered, which has the potential for them to be exploited in more crippling DDoS attacks.
Application of the Marketing Mix to Health Promotion Marketing

Abstract Marketing and health promotion are similar activities in that both attempt to influence behavior. The difference lies in focus of activities. Marketing focuses on needs of the individual as indicated by the individual. Health promotion generally focuses on health needs of the individual as identified by the health promoter. This difference emphasizes the utility of marketing for health promotion. Marketing can be a tool for increasing awareness of and participation in health promotion activities. However, in order to utilize marketing effectively, an understanding of marketing principles is necessary. One such principle is the marketing mix which consists of the product, price, place, and promotion. The idea is to develop the right product, offer it at the right price, in a place where the individual may easily obtain it, and promote it to increase awareness and motivation. It is the blend of marketing mix elements that largely determines success of the marketing effort. This paper discusses the ...
The Reality of Borges

man is a poet, he can do that. After all, what do the meanings of verses mean? They stand for very little. If I say, for example, "And shake the yoke of inauspicious stars/ From this world-weary flesh," we may not believe in astrology, but the verses are very fine. (They are by Shakespeare, incidentally.) And then of course we have the many Saxon words and the fine Latin word, "inaus picious": "And shake the yoke of inauspicious stars." Then the Saxon words, "From this world-weary flesh," that have come out of Old English poetry: there you have witchcraft. And that is not enough. For example, when Shakespeare wrote,
MARKOV CHAIN MONTE CARLO METHODS: COMPUTATION AND INFERENCE

Abstract This chapter reviews the recent developments in Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods. These methods, which are concerned with the simulation of high dimensional probability distributions, have gained enormous prominence and revolutionized Bayesian statistics. The chapter, provides background on the relevant Markov chain theory and provides detailed information on the theory and practice of Markov chain sampling based on the Metropolis–Hastings and Gibbs sampling algorithms. Convergence diagnostics and strategies for implementation are also discussed. A number of examples drawn from Bayesian statistics are used to illustrate the ideas. The chapter also covers in detail the application of MCMC methods to the problems of prediction and model choice.
Magneto-nanosensor for sensitive detection of ovarian cancer antibody biomarker anti-Selenium-Binding Protein 1

Autoantibody biomarker relatively recently gains a lot of research interest for early detection of cancer. Cancer autoantibody is an antibody produced by the host's immune system in response to tumor antigen. It is produced at a much earlier disease stage before other biomarkers can be observed, circulates in the serum for a relatively long period of time, and is present at higher concentrations than antigen biomarkers [1]. In addition to identifying the early antibody biomarker, early detection of cancer needs to be complemented by the availability of ultrasensitive and reliable detection platform. Magneto-Nanosensor is a robust biomolecular diagnostics platform that has been shown to have superior sensitivity and dynamic range compared to the current gold standard ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) [2]. One potential antibody biomarker for the early detection of ovarian cancer is anti-Selenium-Binding Protein 1 (anti-SBP1, also known as anti-SELENBP1). Studies showed that concentration levels of SBP1 are associated with cancer progression [3]. This submission reports highly-sensitive and reliable detection of anti-SBP1 using magnetic immunoassay technique on Magneto-Nanosensor platform. The high sensitivity of our detection platform combined with the early antibody biomarker can serve as a powerful diagnostic tool for enabling early detection of ovarian cancer.
Implementing Protected Multi-User Communication for Myrinet

A Network of Workstations (NOW) is emerging as a cost-effective solution to high performance computing. However, we need to lower the cost of communicating between the workstations to make this platform viable. With the advent of high-performance networks such as ATM and Myrinet, the physical network is no longer the communication bottleneck. Rather, the major overhead can now be attributed to software. This overhead is a direct result of the cost that a message incurs as it travels through different protection domains. We can alleviate this problem by allowing protected user-level access directly to the network, thereby eliminating the kernel from the critical path. This paper presents a description of the design, implementation and performance of a protected user-level messaging system over Myrinet, called MU-Net, that can handle multiple application processes concurrently. MU-Net has been implemented on the SUN Solaris 2.5 operating system.
Participating in the Knowledge Society: Researchers Beyond the University Walls

Reviewed Medium: book Year: 2005 Pages: 292 Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan ISBN: 1-4039-3946-2 (hard cover).
Nocardiosis in Children: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature

The clinical illnesses observed in three adolescents with Nocardia asteroides infection are described. The organism has been classified as a bacterium and placed in the Actinomycetaceae family. Sulfonamides remain the first choice for chemotherapy but alternative drugs are available and may be essential in successful therapy. Nocardial infections in children indicate the need for evaluation for an underlying immunological deficiency. Nocardia species should be considered as possible causative agents in immunocompromised patients with infection.
Research on Evaluation: A Needs Assessment

This survey study attempted to understand the research questions that evaluators were most interested in answering. The findings suggested that there is a great deal of interest in research efforts that 1) explore factors which increase the impact of evaluation, 2) help develop new methodologies, 3) examine the influence of context on evaluations, and 4) help to address ethical dilemmas. Respondents also provided research questions for each topic, revealing a diverse body of concerns and issues. The study also indicated that research on evaluation is viewed as an important endeavor with strong support from the community.
Incorporating age at onset of smoking into genetic models for nicotine dependence: evidence for interaction with multiple genes.

Nicotine dependence is moderately heritable, but identified genetic associations explain only modest portions of this heritability. We analyzed 3,369 SNPs from 349 candidate genes, and investigated whether incorporation of SNP-by-environment interaction into association analyses might bolster gene discovery efforts and prediction of nicotine dependence. Specifically, we incorporated the interaction between allele count and age-at-onset of regular smoking (AOS) into association analyses of nicotine dependence. Subjects were from the Collaborative Genetic Study of Nicotine Dependence, and included 797 cases ascertained for Fagerstrom nicotine dependence, and 811 non-nicotine dependent smokers as controls, all of European descent. Compared with main-effect models, SNP x AOS interaction models resulted in higher numbers of nominally significant tests, increased predictive utility at individual SNPs, and higher predictive utility in a multi-locus model. Some SNPs previously documented in main-effect analyses exhibited improved fits in the joint-analysis, including rs16969968 from CHRNA5 and rs2314379 from MAP3K4. CHRNA5 exhibited larger effects in later-onset smokers, in contrast with a previous report that suggested the opposite interaction (Weiss et al, PLOS Genetics, 4: e1000125, 2008). However, a number of SNPs that did not emerge in main-effect analyses were among the strongest findings in the interaction analyses. These include SNPs located in GRIN2B (p=1.5 × 10−5), which encodes a subunit of the NMDA receptor channel, a key molecule in mediating age-dependent synaptic plasticity. Incorporation of logically chosen interaction parameters, such as AOS, into genetic models of substance-use disorders may increase the degree of explained phenotypic variation, and constitutes a promising avenue for gene-discovery.
Developmental Analysis of Steady-State Levels of Cu/Zn and Mn Superoxide Dismutase mRNAs in Maize Tissues

En etudiant les differences de quantites en RNAm de la superoxide dismutase (Sod) du cytosol (Cu/Zn) ou mitochondriale (Mn), on essaie de determiner l'expression relative des genes de la Sod durant le developpement de certains tissus chez le mais afin de savoir si les proteines mitochondriales codees par des genes nucleaires sont independamment regules ou egalement regules
Structure of bone in the skulls of Neanderthal fossils.

Close inspection of surface bone in skulls of Neanderthal man reveals weathering cracks extensive enough in one specimen, La Chapelle-aux-Saints, to allow preliminary analysis of major patterns of orientation and to make inferences about functional relationships of structures. The fine structure of the bone of the brow ridges is very different from the rest of the skull in the two adults examined, having a peculiar vermiculate surface pattern. Weathering cracks do not appear in this region. This indicates that Neanderthal brow ridges are not closely related to normal mechanical forces such as chewing exertion. It may, however, give further support to theories of Neanderthal brow ridges as protection for the eyes. The localized structure of bone often differs from region to region, and offers new possibilities for the analysis of both contemporary and fossil forms.
P588, A SECOND RETINAL-CONTAINING PIGMENT IN HALOBACTERIUM HALOBIUM

—Halobacterium mutant strains with defects in the biosynthesis of various pigments have been isolated. One of these strains, mutant ET-15, is incapable of producing the light-driven proton pump bacteriorhodopsin and the carotenoid bacterioruberin. However, ET-15 synthesizes another photochemically active, retinal-containing pigment, P588, which mediates light-induced proton uptake enhanced by uncouplers. P588 and bacteriorhodopsin are simultaneously present in wild-type cells grown under normal conditions; however, they can be distinguished by the following criteria. 1 They can be separated by independent mutational events. 2 Proton ionophores such as FCCP diminish bacteriorhodopsin-driven proton translocation but enhance P588-mediated proton flows. We define here proton translocations which can be diminished by the addition of uncouplers (e.g. FCCP) as ‘active’, others which can be enhanced by FCCP as ‘passive’. 3 The kinetic and spectral properties of the photocycle intermediates of bacteriorhodopsin and P588 are different. 4 The action spectrum for photocycling of P588 is red-shifted with respect to that for bacteriorhodopsin. A comparison of action spectra for proton translocations with that for photocycling links pigment P588 and light-driven, passive proton uptake by ET-15 envelope vesicles. When chemically bleached P588 was regenerated with all-trans-retinal, both photochemical activity and light-induced proton inflow were restored to equal extents. This identifies P588 with the energizer for the passive proton flows.
Simultaneous gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric quantitation of the alkylbenzene inert components, pesticide manufacturing by-products and active ingredient in two malathion formulations

A rapid, reliable and effective method for direct determination of the inert components, manufacturing by-products of the pesticide, and active ingredient in two malathion formulations has been established using capillary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with the internal standard method. The C2-, C3- and C4-alkylbenzenes, the major pesticide manufacturing by-products (O,O,S-trimethylthionophosphate, diethyl maleate and O,O,O-trimethylthionophosphate), and malathion were resolved, and quantified in the same chromatogram. Structural identification was based on MS total ion current data, comparison of GC retention times with those of authentic standards, and retention indices. O,O,S-Trimethylthionophosphate was quantified at 3.57±0.31% (w/w) in one malathion formulation. While the malathion contents were within specifications for both formulations, the total alkylbenzene contents were not.
Anisotropic two-photon magneto-absorption in n-InSb

Abstract High resolution two-photon magneto-absorption spectra have been obtained for B | and crystallographic directions. Anisotropic effects are observed for the first time in InSb and are shown to be related to the anisotropy of the initial hole states.
Homogeneous catalysis of the water gas shift reaction by iridium carbonyl in alkaline solution

Abstract The water gas shift reaction, H 2 O + CO ⇌ H 2 + CO 2 , catalyzed homogeneously by a system based on tetrairidiumdodecacarbonyl (Ir 4 (CO) 12 ) in alkaline 2-ethoxyethanol/water solution was examined at moderate temperatures (90–130°C) and pressures ( P CO 0.5–2.0 atm). The catalytic reaction showed an approximate first-order dependence on base concentration and on the concentration of iridium. The catalytic cycle was shown to have a zero order dependence on the partial pressure of CO. An apparent activation energy of 10.7 kcal mol −1 was obtained from a linear Arrhenius plot based on hydrogen production over the temperature range 90–130°C. The predominant pathway of the reaction can be explained by a mechanism in which activation of CO by nucleophilic attack of hydroxide on the metal hydride species HIr 4 (CO) 11 − produces the dihydride species, H 2 Ir 4 (CO) 10 2− in the rate-limiting step. Subsequent reaction of this anion with H 2 O gives H 2 plus HIr 4 (CO) 11 − again. The complex Ir 8 (CO) 20 2− is shown to be a catalytically poor component of the solution. The system has also been shown to be active toward the decomposition of formate. This pathway however, is concluded to make an insignificant contribution to the catalysis rate under water gas shift reaction conditions.
Insufficient DNA methylation affects healthy aging and promotes age-related health problems

DNA methylation plays an integral role in development and aging through epigenetic regulation of genome function. DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) is the most prevalent DNA methyltransferase that maintains genomic methylation stability. To further elucidate the function of Dnmt1 in aging and age-related diseases, we exploited the Dnmt1+/− mouse model to investigate how Dnmt1 haploinsufficiency impacts the aging process by assessing the changes of several major aging phenotypes. We confirmed that Dnmt1 haploinsufficiency indeed decreases DNA methylation as a result of reduced Dnmt1 expression. To assess the effect of Dnmt1 haploinsufficiency on general body composition, we performed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry analysis and showed that reduced Dnmt1 activity decreased bone mineral density and body weight, but with no significant impact on mortality or body fat content. Using behavioral tests, we demonstrated that Dnmt1 haploinsufficiency impairs learning and memory functions in an age-dependent manner. Taken together, our findings point to the interesting likelihood that reduced genomic methylation activity adversely affects the healthy aging process without altering survival and mortality. Our studies demonstrated that cognitive functions of the central nervous system are modulated by Dnmt1 activity and genomic methylation, highlighting the significance of the original epigenetic hypothesis underlying memory coding and function.
Role of tao (Belotia mexicana) in the traditional Lacandon Maya shifting cultivation ecosystem

For centuries, the Lacandon Maya have farmed the forest while also preserving and regenerating it. The Lacandon manage their fallow by planting certain tree species, and removing volunteer trees that are not optimal for soil fertility. This study focused on tao (Belotia mexicana), one of the Lacandon tree fallow species, and its impact on the soil as it matures in the secondary forest. The effect of tao on soil fertility was evaluated using the following soil fertility parameters: phosphorus, carbon, nitrogen, earthworm density, pH, and soil moisture. Results were compared using a split-plot analysis. Soil C:N ratios decreased with age of tao, indicating an improvement of litter quality over time. Soil extractable phosphorus decreased with age of tao and increased with distance from tao, which suggests that tao is depleting phosphorus. These results provide an introduction for further analysis into how native trees enhance soil fertility in the Lacandon system.
Assessment of Life's Simple 7™ in the primary care setting: The Stroke Prevention in Healthcare Delivery EnviRonmEnts (SPHERE) study

Abstract Background Adverse health behaviors and factors predict increased coronary heart disease and stroke risk, and effective use of health information technology (HIT) to automate assessment of and intervention on these factors is needed. A comprehensive, automated cardiovascular health (CVH) assessment deployed in the primary care setting offers the potential to enhance prevention, facilitate patient–provider communication, and ultimately reduce cardiovascular (CV) disease risk. We describe the methods for a study to develop and test an automated CVH application for stroke prevention in older women. Methods and results The eligible study population for the Stroke Prevention in Healthcare Delivery EnviRonmEnts ( SPHERE ) study is approximately 1600 female patients aged 65 years and older and their primary care providers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. We will use an intervention design that will allow for a run-in period, comparison group data collection, a provider education period, and implementation of a best practice alert to prompt provider–patient interactions regarding CVH. Our primary outcome is a CVH score, comprising Life's Simple 7 : smoking status, body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, fasting glucose, physical activity, and diet. The SPHERE application will generate visualizations of the CVH score within the electronic health record (EHR) during the patient–provider encounter. A key outcome of the study will be change in mean CVH score pre- and post-intervention. Conclusions The SPHERE application leverages the EHR and may improve health outcomes through HIT designed to empower clinicians to discuss CVH with their patients and enhance primary prevention efforts.
Dielectric Properties of Solution‐Deposited Crystalline Barium Titanate Thin Films

We have developed a “two-step” solution-based processing to deposit high-k ceramic thin films. Electrochemically pre-coated amorphous titania layers were “hydrothermally” or “hydrothermal-electrochemically” converted to crystalline BaTiO3 films at ≤90°C. In hydrothermal process, an in situ electrochemical protection (ECP) mechanism enables utilization of common metallic substrates (e.g., Cu), which otherwise suffer corrosion from the precursor. Microstructural evolution of BaTiO3 films along with the effectiveness of ECP is discussed in this article. Derived BaTiO3 shows a dielectric constant of ~80 at 100 kHz, which makes it a promising candidate for high-density microelectronic capacitor applications.