cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Female caregivers’ plans for late life

Providing assistance to aging parents is a common midlife task for adult children, and daughters in particular. Consequently, caregiving is an experience that coincides and influences a woman in midlife planning for her own aging. Using qualitative inquiry, this article describes the plans that caregivers have for their aging. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 15 female caregivers between the ages of 50 and 65 who were caring for an ill and disabled parent or parent-in-law. Most participants had made plans in the areas of finances, living arrangements, health, and social network, but others had made minimal plans, acknowledging barriers and limitations of planning for later life. A discussion of social work practice implications is included.
Project Example of Ultraviolet Absorbent Wastewater Treatment

Ultraviolet absorbent wastewater is classified as typical highly-concentrated organic acid and high-salted wastewater, poorly biodegradable. This article first analyzed the status quo of ultraviolet absorbent wastewater process in and abroad. Then the craft parameter, debugging process and operation effect of ultraviolet absorbent wastewater in a certain chemistry plant of Jiangsu Province was introduced, at the same time, related issues were analyzed and summarized finally.The designed handling capacity was 240 m3/d. The wastewater was not only treated by evaporation tomography salt and extraction segregated pretreatment, but also combined with biochemical treatment technology. The water quality was over standard of wastewater for chemical industry parks discharge standards. The successful operation of the process craft has a certain reference value for the wastewater management in the same industry.
Factors Affecting Drug Withholding Time Estimates in Horses

Recommendations for appropriate drug withholding times in equine athletes are difficult for attending veterinarians to make because of uncertainty about the analytic methods used to test blood and urine samples and a lack of specific knowledge about the disposition of the drug in the horse undergoing treatment. The purpose of this article is to provide the veterinarian with basic physiologic, pharmacologic, and analytic information to help in this task. A general discussion of each factor is presented, and the effects of the factors on an example, phenylbutazone, are presented.
Approaches to The Treatment of Hyperlipidemia in the Solid Organ Transplant Recipient

Objective:To review the literature investigating increased lipid concentrations in transplant recipients and the use of lipid-lowering agents in this population.Data Sources:Relevant articles were identified from a MEDLINE search using the terms transplantation, hyperlipidemia, immunosuppression, and therapy including diet, gemfibrozil, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, probucol, and hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors. Selected literature, including controlled studies, was used in this review.Study Selection:Articles published since 1970 pertaining to hyperlipidemia in solid organ transplant recipients. Emphasis was placed on clinical trials that investigated approaches to the treatment of hyperlipidemia in transplant recipients.Data Extraction:Original articles and reviews were obtained to select material pertinent to the objectives.Data Synthesis:Descriptions of lipid concentrations in the transplant patient and treatment approaches used, including potential complicati...
Use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene in aesthetic surgery of the face.

Aesthetic surgery procedures and materials available to improve the appearance of various subunits of the face have been evolving for the past several decades. Initially, techniques such as direct excision or placement of autogenous tissue grafts (e.g., fat, fascia, tendon, and dermal fat grafts) were used. Additional options became available with the development of silicone, injectable collagen, and ePTFE. These options for facial augmentation can be done rapidly in an office setting and as an outpatient. An important aspect of treatment is discussing clearly all pertinent options with the patient, and recommending the appropriate option based on the patient's anatomic findings and personal needs. For example, patients desiring lip augmentation but unsure about the result may be best treated with collagen injection, which gives temporary results and lets the patient consider a long-term result provided by ePTFE or autogenous grafts. Use of ePTFE in facial aesthetic surgery gradually has increased over the past two decades. Its use in augmentation of lips, nasolabial creases, and nose is becoming an important treatment modality for aesthetic surgeons.
Tetrapeptide Endomorphin Analogs Require Both Full Length and Truncated Splice Variants of the Mu Opioid Receptor Gene Oprm1 for Analgesia

The mu opioid receptor gene undergoes extensive alternative splicing. Mu opioids can be divided into three classes based on the role of different groups of splice variants. Morphine and methadone require only full length seven transmembrane (7TM) variants for analgesia, whereas IBNtxA (3′-iodobenzyol-6β-naltrexamide) needs only truncated 6TM variants. A set of endomorphin analogs fall into a third group that requires both 6TM and 7TM splice variants. Unlike morphine, endomorphin 1 and 2, DAPP (Dmt,d-Ala-Phe-Phe-NH2), and IDAPP (3′-iodo-Dmt-d-Ala-Phe-Phe-NH2) analgesia was lost in an exon 11 knockout mouse lacking 6TM variants. Restoring 6TM variant expression in a knockout mouse lacking both 6TM and 7TM variants failed to rescue DAPP or IDAPP analgesia. However, re-establishing 6TM expression in an exon 11 knockout mouse that still expressed 7TM variants did rescue the response, consistent with the need for both 6TM and 7TM variants. In receptor binding assays, 125I-IDAPP labeled more sites (Bmax) than 3H...
The Burden of Oral Disease among Perinatally HIV-Infected and HIV-Exposed Uninfected Youth.

Author(s): Moscicki, Anna-Barbara; Yao, Tzy-Jyun; Ryder, Mark I; Russell, Jonathan S; Dominy, Stephen S; Patel, Kunjal; McKenna, Matt; Van Dyke, Russell B; Seage, George R; Hazra, Rohan; Shiboski | Abstract: ObjectiveTo compare oral health parameters in perinatally HIV-infected (PHIV) and perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected youth (PHEU).MethodsIn a cross-sectional substudy within the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study, participants were examined for number of decayed teeth (DT), Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT), oral mucosal disease, and periodontal disease (PD). Covariates for oral health parameters were examined using zero-inflated negative binomial regression and ordinal logistic regression models.ResultsEleven sites enrolled 209 PHIV and 126 PHEU. Higher DT scores were observed in participants who were PHIV [Adjusted Mean Ratio (aMR) = 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.5)], female [aMR = 1.4 (1.0-1.9)], had no source of regular dental care [aMR = 2.3 (1.5-3.4)], and had a high frequency of meals/snacks [≥5 /day vs 0-3, aMR = 1.9 (1.1-3.1)] and juice/soda [≥5 /day vs 0-3, aMR = 1.6 (1.1-2.4)]. Higher DMFT scores were observed in participants who were older [≥19, aMR = 1.9 (1.2-2.9)], had biological parent as caregiver [aMR = 1.2 (1.0-1.3)], had a high frequency of juice/soda [≥5 /day vs 0-3, aMR = 1.4 (1.1-1.7)] and a low saliva flow rate [mL/min, aMR = 0.8 per unit higher (0.6-1.0)]. Eighty percent had PD; no differences were seen by HIV status using the patient-based classifications of health, gingivitis or mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. No associations were observed of CD4 count and viral load with oral health outcomes after adjustment.ConclusionsOral health was poor in PHIV and PHEU youth. This was dismaying since most HIV infected children in the U.S. are carefully followed at medical health care clinics. This data underscore the need for regular dental care. As PHIV youth were at higher risk for cavities, it will be important to better understand this relationship in order to develop targeted interventions.
A successful research assistantship program as reflected by publications and presentations.

BACKGROUND Many family practice programs operate student research assistantship programs, but little information is available about the outcomes of these programs. Our summer assistantship program has trained 60 students, all of whom received training in the basic steps of the research process and were required to develop and execute a research project. METHODS To objectively measure the outcomes of our program, we recorded the number of publications and national presentations achieved by students enrolled in our family practice summer research assistantship program. RESULTS Nine students have published articles in refereed scientific journals. Nine students have presented research findings at national meetings. Three students have won prestigious student research awards. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest students in a research assistantship program can learn basic research skills and execute effective research projects.
Economic Scenario Generators

The projection of economic and financial risk factors is a key element of prospective analyzes made by life insurers, both for the calculation of reserves under Solvency 2 and for the asset allocation and management of financial risks. This projection is achieved in practice through “economic scenario generators” (ESG), which are inputs for the calculus of the economic value of assets and liabilities and the analysis of the distribution of this value. The calculation of economic values is based on the “no free lunch” assumption and therefore leads to model the risk factors in a riskneutral probability, while the analysis of the distribution of these values requires the projection of these factors under the historical probability. Therefore, the insurer must handle different representations of the risk factors, which requires looking at the characteristics of a risk neutral ESG, those of an “historical” one and the possible need for coherence between these two representations. This is what we propose to do in this chapter.
Role of magnetic concentration in modulating the magnetic properties of ultra-small FePt nanoparticles

Abstract Magnetic characterization of nanoscale materials is often hindered by the role that sample preparation techniques play in the determination of interparticle interaction strength. Well-dispersed d = 2.6(4) nm FePt nanoparticles synthesized by a slight modification of a known polyol synthesis were employed to study this effect at the extreme lower limit of the nanoscale regime. Suspension in a diamagnetic matrix material at varying concentrations was used to characterize the relationships between average particle distance and representative magnetic properties (zero-field cooled/field-cooled (ZFC/FC) magnetization curves, hysteresis M ( H ) loops at 5 K, and ac-susceptibility). By increasing the interparticle distance through diamagnetic dilution, the blocking temperature ( T B ), anisotropy energy barrier ( U eff ), and coercive field ( H c ) drop continuously until reaching a dilution ratio where the magnetic signals were limited by the competing diamagnetic contribution from the matrix material. Long-timescale blocking temperature and coercivity are relatively unaffected by particle dilution while the shorter timescale anisotropy energy barrier ( U eff ) and attempt time ( τ 0 ) are strongly affected. These results demonstrate the need for well-defined sample preparation conditions when comparing materials properties, especially those with applications dependent on superparamagnetism.
Validation of the Use of Electronic Health Records for Classification of ADHD Status

Objective: To validate an electronic health record (EHR)–based algorithm to classify ADHD status of pediatric patients. Method: As part of an applied study, we identified all primary care patients of The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia [CHOP] health care network who were born 1987-1995 and residents of New Jersey. Patients were classified with ADHD if their EHR indicated an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis code of “314.x” at a clinical visit or on a list of known conditions. We manually reviewed EHRs for ADHD patients (n = 2,030) and a random weighted sample of non-ADHD patients (n = 807 of 13,579) to confirm the presence or absence of ADHD. Results: Depending on assumptions for inconclusive cases, sensitivity ranged from 0.96 to 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.95, 0.97]), specificity from 0.98 to 0.99 [0.97, 0.99], and positive predictive value from 0.83 to 0.98 [0.81, 0.99]. Conclusion: EHR-based diagnostic codes can accurat...
Electro-optic field mapping measurements in ethylene carbonate

Recent charge injection analysis, terminal voltage current measurements, and Kerr electro-optic field mapping measurements have shown significant space charge effects in highly purified water stressed by high voltage [1]. Another highly polar fluid of interest is ethylene carbonate [C 3 H 4 O 3 , glycol carbonate; dioxolone-2, (-CH 2 O) 2 CO), which is solid at room temperature with dielectric constant ≈ 5.4 but which melts at about 36°C and has dielectric constant of ≈ 90 at 40°C [2].
AN APPROXIMATION OF THE WAVE RUN-UP FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

The distribution of wave steepness (H/T ) for fully developed sea is obtained from Bretschneider's joint distribution of wave height and wave period. This steepness distribution is used with standard wave runup curves to develop a frequency curve of wave run-up. Use of this run-up distribution curve will permit more accurate estimation of the variability in wave run-up for design cases, and particularly the percent of time in which run-ups will exceed that predicted for the significant wave. The distribution may also be used with normal overtopping procedures to determine more accurate estimates of overtopping quantities. Wave run-up may be defined as the vertical height above mean water level to which water from a breaking wave will rise on a structure face. Accurate design data on the height of wave run-up is needed for determination of design crest elevations of protective structures subject to wave action such as seawalls, beach fills, surge barriers, and dams. Such structures are normally designed to prevent wave overtopping with consequent flooding on the landward side and, if of an earth type, possible failure by rearface erosion. Because of the importance of wave run-up elevations in determining structure heights and freeboards, a great deal of work has been done in the past six years in an attempt to relate wave run-up to incident wave characteristics, and slope or structure characteristics. Compilations based largely on laboratory experimental work have been made and have fe-?* suited in curves similar to those shown in Figure 1 which is reprinted from the U. S. Beach Erosion Board Technical Report No. 4. Such curves most frequently have related the dimensionless ratio of relative run-up (R/H ) to incident wave steepness in deep water (H /T ), as a function of structure type or slope. (H is the equivalent deep water wave height.) The curves shown in Figure 1 are of this type, and pertain to structures having a depth of water greater than three wave heights at the toe of the structure; this depth limitation in effect means that the wave breaks directly on the structure. The curves shown in Figure 1 are a portion of a set of five separate figures, covering different structure depths (d/H ). All are published in Beach Erosion Board Technical Report Number 4. These curves were derived primarily from small scale laboratory tests. Further laboratory tests with much larger waves (heights two to five feet) have shown that a scale effect exists for some conditions.
Physical changes in fault blocks caused by rotation and their implications for hydrocarbon accumulations

Abstract Physical changes that occur when a fault block is rotated in the Earth's gravitational field are assessed using a computer model. Parameters such as lithology, height, width, angle of tilt and fault dip are varied. Results describe how and where the physical properties of the block are changed by rotation, e.g., seismic reflection coefficients, geothermal gradients and bulk density of the block. Fault blocks preferentially compact on their downthrown side, up to and including, the crest. Reflection coefficients in layers in the uppermost 1 km are moderated at particular depths in the compressed field of the block. The footwall area of the block acts as a conductive rod to heat; the juxtaposed low conductive areas making the latter a more attractive hydrocarbon generating area. Dewatering fluids are predicted to flow from the hotter compacted hanging wall to the cooler uncompressed footwall, which may contribute to shale diapirism seen in muddy deltaic sequences and improve the hydrocarbon potential of the footwall area. Also, calculations of extension estimates may be erroneous, due to either shortening of the surface layer or changes in deeper bed lengths by compactional folding. The stress configuration of the rotated compacted block suggests a plane of failure may occur in lieu of compactional strain. The angle this secondary fault makes to the original fault is consistent with field observations.
GFR Evaluation in Living Kidney Donor Candidates.

Evaluation of GFR, required in the evaluation of living kidney donor candidates, is now receiving increasing emphasis because recent data demonstrate increased risk of kidney disease after donation, including a small increase in the risk of kidney failure. The international guideline development group, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, recently published a comprehensive set of recommendations for living donor evaluation, with three recommendations regarding GFR. ( 1 ) Donor candidacy is evaluated in light of long-term risk, in which GFR is one of many factors. ESRD is considered a central outcome, and a method for estimating long-term risk of ESRD in donor candidates is described. ( 2 ) Two GFR thresholds are used for decision-making: a high threshold (≥90 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ) to accept and a low threshold ( 2 ) to decline, with 60–89 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 as an intermediate range in which the decision to accept or decline is made on the basis of factors in addition to GFR. ( 3 ) GFR is evaluated using several methods available at the transplant center, including estimating equations and clearance measurements. We review the rationale for the guideline recommendations, principles of GFR measurement and estimation, and our suggestions for implementation.
Magnetic Mini-Mover Procedure for pectus excavatum IV: FDA sponsored multicenter trial

Abstract Purpose The Magnetic Mini-Mover Procedure (3MP) is a minimally invasive treatment for prepubertal patients with pectus excavatum. This multicenter trial sought to supplement safety and efficacy data from an earlier pilot trial. Methods Fifteen patients with pectus excavatum had a titanium-enclosed magnet implanted on the sternum. Externally, patients wore a custom-fitted magnetic brace. Patients were monitored closely for safety. Efficacy was determined by the Haller Index (HI) and satisfaction surveys. After 2 years, the implant was removed. Results Mean patient age was 12 years (range 8–14), and mean pretreatment HI was 4.7 (range 3.6–7.4). The device was successfully implanted in all patients. Mean treatment duration was 25 months (range 18–33). Posttreatment chest imaging in 13 patients indicated that HI decreased in 5, remained stable in 2, and increased in 6. Seven out of 15 patients had breakage of the implant's titanium cables because of fatigue fracture. Eight out of 13 patients were satisfied with their chest after treatment. Conclusion The 3MP is a safe, minimally invasive, outpatient treatment for prepubertal patients with pectus excavatum. However, the magnetic implant design led to frequent device breakage, confounding analysis. The HI indicated mixed efficacy, although surveys indicated most patients perceived a benefit. Study type/level of evidence Case series, treatment study. Level IV.
Studies of Thorium X Applied to Human Skin: I. Routes and Degree of Penetration and Sites of Deposition of Thorium X Applied in Selected Vehicles1

Thorium X is a radioactive substance which has been used in dermatology for almost 40 years. Since the report of Nageli and Jessner (1) on the dermatologic uses of thorium X, numerous publications have appeared concerning its therapeutic effectiveness and freedom from dangerous sequeiae (2). In the past, investigators have been able to study the effects of thorium X on human skin by clinical response and histopathologic changes; only a few speculations have been made concerning the mechanism of its action. A basic problem which has remained unsolved is whether the thorium X is confined to the surface or penetrates the skin in any way. With modern improved technics of studying radioactivity, it is possible to undertake investigations on the routes and degree of penetration and sites of deposition of thorium X. The established usefulness as well as the promise of future usefulness of thorium X in treating numerous dermatoses, skin cancers, and pre-canceroses makes it highly desirable and indeed necessary that information be obtained relative to the mechanism of its biologic effect on human skin.
Educating Psychiatry Residents to Become Psychiatric Educators

Residency training has generally ignored the need to educate residents to become psychiatric educators. A model is described which provides residents with experience in being supervisors and using other teaching methods. Attention to this issue may enhance the future role of psychiatrists and perhaps provide new insights into the general educational process of any kind of student.
The LEAD Portal: a TeraGrid gateway and application service architecture: Research Articles

The Linked Environments for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD) Portal is a science application portal designed to enable effective use of Grid resources in exploring mesoscale meteorological phenomena. The aim of the LEAD Portal is to provide a more productive interface for doing experimental work by the meteorological research community, as well as bringing weather research to a wider class of users, meaning pre-college students in grades 6–12 and undergraduate college students. In this paper, we give an overview of the LEAD project and the role that LEAD portal is playing in reaching its goals. We then describe the various technologies we are using to bring powerful and complex scientific tools to educational and research users. These technologies—a fine-grained capability based authorization framework, an application service factory toolkit, and a Web services-based workflow execution engine and supporting tools—enable our team to deploy these once inaccessible, stovepipe scientific codes onto a Grid where they can be collectively utilized. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A high resolution view of adaptive events

Coadaptation between bacterial hosts and plasmids often involves a small number of highly reproducible mutations. Yet little is known about the underlying complex dynamics that leads to such a single "correct" solution. Observing mutations in fine detail along the adaptation trajectory is necessary for understanding this phenomenon. We studied coadaptation between E. coli and a common artificial plasmid, pBR322, in a continuous turbidostat culture. To obtain a high resolution picture of early adaptive events, we used a highly sensitive duplex sequencing strategy to directly observe and track mutations with frequencies undetectable with conventional methods. The observed highly reproducible trajectories are governed by clonal interference and show rapid increases in the frequencies of beneficial mutations controlling plasmid replication followed by a profound diversity crash corresponding to the emergence of chromosomal variants. To the best of our knowledge our study represents the first comprehensive assessment of adaptive processes at a very fine level of resolution. Our work highlights the hidden complexity of coadaptation, and provides an experimental and theoretical foundation for future studies.
Reducing Native Advertising Deception: Revisiting the Antecedents and Consequences of Persuasion Knowledge in Digital News Contexts

Building on the persuasion knowledge model, this study examines how audience characteristics and native advertising recognition influence the covert persuasion process. Among a nationally represent...
Cannabinoid-mediated inhibition of inducible nitric oxide production by rat microglial cells: evidence for CB1 receptor participation.

Activated brain microglial cells release inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) that may play important roles in central nervous system antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor activities. However, excessive release of these factors has been postulated to elicit immunemediated neurodegenerative inflammatory processes and to cause brain injury. Recent studies using the rat animal model indicate that select cannabinoids may modulate production of these inflammatory factors. Treatment of neonatal rat brain cortical microglial cells with the cannabinoid paired enantiomers CP55940 and CP56667 resulted in a stereoselective differential effect on inducible NO production. The analog CP55940 exerted a dose-dependent inhibition of interferon gamma (IFNγ)/bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible NO production which was significantly greater than that exerted by CP56667. Pretreatment of microglial cells with the CB 1 cannabinoid receptor-selective antagonist SR141716A reversed this CP55940-mediated inhibition. MRT-PCR demonstrated the presence of CB 1 receptor mRNA within microglial cells consistent with the presence of CB 1 receptors. Collectively, these results indicate that the cannabinoid analog CP55940 selectively inhibits inducible NO production by microglial cells and that this inhibition is effected, at least in part, through the CB 1 receptor.
The contagion of democracy through international networks

Abstract Work on democratization typically considers the diffusion of democracy through interstate partnerships. However, such partnerships constitute complex networks that scholars have yet to fully explore as vectors for the spread of democracy. We develop a network theory of democratization which characterizes these networks as epistemic communities that influence elites’ attitudes towards favorable regime types. Our theory predicts, and our empirical strategy confirms, that direct and indirect ties in the alliance network are vectors for democratization. In contrast to conventional wisdom, we find that direct influence is only transmitted through the defensive alliance network and find evidence of higher-order effects.
Microstructure evolution of nanostructured ferritic alloy with and without Cr3C2 coated SiC at high temperatures

Abstract This work focuses on fundamental understanding of microstructure evolution of nanostructured ferritic alloy (NFA) and 25 vol.% Cr3C2 coated SiC(Cr3C2@SiC)-NFA composite during spark plasma sintering at 950 °C and the following thermal treatment at 1000 °C. A unique bi-phase microstructure with distinct Cr-rich and Si-rich phases has been observed for the 25 vol.% Cr3C2@SiC-NFA composite, while for the NFA sample, the traditional large grain microstructure remains. Grain sizes are significantly smaller for the 25 vol.% Cr3C2@SiC-NFA composite compared to those for the pure NFA, which can be attributed to the presence of grain boundary phases in the composite sample. During the thermal treatment, microstructure features can be directly correlated with the dissolution kinetics and phase diagrams calculated using Thermo-Calc/DICTRA/PRISMA®.
A nationwide investigation of the impact of the tipped worker subminimum wage on infant size for gestational age.

Abstract Tipped workers, primarily women of reproductive-age, can be paid a “subminimum wage” 71% lower than the federal minimum wage. We estimated the effects of increasing the state-level tipped worker subminimum wage (federally, $2.13 per hour) on infant size for gestational age in the US as infants born small or large are at risk for poor health across the lifecourse. Utilizing unconditional quantile regression and difference-in-differences analysis of data from 2004 to 2016 Vital Statistics Natality Files (N = 41,219,953 mother-infant dyads), linked to state-level wage laws, census, and antipoverty policy data, we estimated the effect of increasing the subminimum wage on birthweight standardized for gestational age (BWz). Smallest and largest infants are defined as those in the 5th and 95th BWz percentiles, respectively. Increases in the subminimum wage affected the BWz distribution. When compared to a static wage of $2.13 for the duration of the study period, wage set to 100% of the federal minimum ($5.15–$7.25) was associated with an increase in BWz of 0.024 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.045) for the smallest infants and a decrease by 0.041 (95% CI: −0.054, −0.029) for the largest infants. Increasing the subminimum wage may be one strategy to promote healthier birthweight in infants.
A case of non-HPV related primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the cervix

Abstract Objective Primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a rare subtype of adenocarcinoma that has often been misclassified in the literature due to the lack of clear-cut diagnostic criteria. A new classification system has recently been developed that aims to provide clarity and reproducibility when diagnosing subtypes of endocervical adenocarcinoma. This case report demonstrates the difficulty in diagnosing primary endometroid adenocarcinoma, application of the new diagnostic guidelines, and a review of the literature of this rare non-HPV subtype. Case A 76 year-old women presented with postmenopausal bleeding and was found to have an exophytic cervical mass. Biopsies showed an adenocarcinoma of probable endometrial origin. She underwent a robotic-assisted simple hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node sampling and omental biopsy. Final pathology report demonstrated a primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the cervix, measuring 2.4 cm in size, diagnosed using the recently developed International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) system. Patient was then treated with external beam radiation therapy and concurrent chemotherapy, followed by vaginal brachytherapy. She had no evidence of disease at her 15-month follow-up visit. Conclusion Primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the cervix is a rare and diagnostically challenging tumor of the cervix. This case illustrates the challenges associated with diagnosis of this endocervical carcinoma subtype and the need for a multi-disciplinary approach when determining treatment.
Implantation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Free Flap Donor Site.

Introduction:It is well known that malignant cells can be implanted at distant donor sites due to iatrogenic surgical contamination. Only a small number of reports, however, have been published des...
Patterns of Clinical Care Subsequent to Nonindicated Vitamin D Testing in Primary Care.

Background: Exponential increases in nonindicated, low-value vitamin D testing have been reported over the past 15 years. Downstream effects of such testing have not been well quantified. Methods: The purpose of this study was to describe patterns of vitamin D testing within primary care of a large regional health system and to explore downstream health service utilization subsequent to nonindicated testing. Instances of vitamin D testing in 2015 were obtained by an electronic health record-automated search. A subset of patients for whom vitamin D testing was classified as nonindicated was identified, and vitamin D-related service utilization was tracked for 24 months. Results: Of the 77,836 adult primary care patient records identified in 2015, vitamin D tests were conducted on 8,042 (10.3%), with 24.3% of tests yielding abnormal results. In the nonindicated test subset (n = 574), substantial clinical variability was illustrated by 85 care pathways and 26 vitamin D prescriptions. Forty-five percent of abnormal vitamin D lab tests were not followed up with repeat vitamin D tests. Vitamin D-related services (laboratory tests, imaging, and prescriptions) occurred at an average rate of 1.6 services per patient during the 24 months following nonindicated vitamin D testing. Some of these services were also classified as nonindicated. Conclusions: Evidence of a health service cascade following nonindicated vitamin D testing exists. Opportunities for improved consistency and quality of care related to vitamin D were observed in our health system. These results may inform clinical pathways related the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of low vitamin D.
Energy-aware trajectory optimization of CAV platoons through a signalized intersection

Abstract Traffic signals, while serving an important function to coordinate vehicle movements through intersections, also cause frequent stops and delays, particularly when they are not properly timed. Such stops and delays contribute to significant amount of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The recent development of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technology provides new opportunities to enable better control of vehicles and intersections, that in turn reduces fuel consumption and emissions. In this paper, we propose a trajectory optimization method, PTO-GFC, to reduce the total fuel consumption of a CAV platoon through a signalized intersection. In this method, we first apply platoon-trajectory-optimization (PTO) to obtain the optimal trajectories of the platoon vehicles. In PTO, all CAVs in one platoon are considered as a whole, that is, all other CAVs follow the trajectory of the leading one with a time delay and minimum safety gap, which is enabled by vehicle to vehicle communication. Then, we apply gap-feedback-control (GFC) to control the vehicles with different speeds and headways merging into the optimal trajectories. We compare the PTO-GFC method with the other two methods, in which the leading vehicle adopts the optimal trajectory (LTO) or drive with maximum speed (AT), respectively, and the other vehicles follow the leading vehicle with a simplified Gipps’ car-following model. Furthermore, we extend the controls into multiple platoons by considering the interactions between the two platoons. The numerical results demonstrate that PTO-GFC has better performance than LTO and AT, particularly when CAVs have enough space and time to smooth their trajectories. The reduction of travel time and fuel consumption shows the great potential of CAV technology in reducing congestion and negative environmental impact of automobile transportation.
Local excision for T1 rectal tumours: are we getting better?

AIM The objective was to assess the effect of three different surgical treatments for T1 rectal tumours, radical resection (RR), open local excision (open LE) and laparoscopic local excision (laparoscopic LE), on overall survival (OS). METHODS Adults from the National Cancer Database (2008-2016) with a diagnosis of T1 rectal cancer were stratified by treatment type (LE vs RR). We assumed that laparoscopic LE equates to transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) or transanal endoscopic microsurgery. The primary outcome was 5-year OS. Subgroup analyses of the LE group stratified by time period [2008-2010 (before TAMIS) vs 2011-2016 (after TAMIS)] and approach (laparoscopic vs open) were performed. RESULTS Among 10 053 patients, 6623 (65.88%) underwent LE (74.33% laparoscopic LE vs 25.67% open LE) and 3430 (34.12%) RR. The use of LE increased from 52.69% in 2008 to 69.47% in 2016, whereas RR decreased (P < 0.001). In unadjusted analysis, there was no significant difference in 5-year OS between the LE and RR groups (P = 0.639) and between the two LE time periods (P = 0.509), which was consistent with the adjusted analysis (LE vs RR, hazard ratio 1.05, 95% CI 0.92-1.20, P = 0.468; 2008-2010 LE vs 2011-2016 LE, hazard ratio 1.09, 95% CI 0.92-1.29, P = 0.321). Laparoscopic LE was associated with improved OS in the unadjusted analysis only (P = 0.006), compared to the open LE group (hazard ratio 0.94, 95% CI 0.78-1.12, P = 0.495). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the use of a LE approach for T1 rectal tumours as a strategy to reduce surgical morbidity without compromising survival.
Biostable conductive nanocomposite for implantable subdermal antenna

Current antennas used for communication with implantable medical devices are connected directly to the titanium device enclosure, but these enclosures are shrinking as batteries and circuits become smaller. Due to shrinking device size, a new approach is needed that allows the antenna to extend beyond the battery pack, or to be entirely separate from it. Softer properties are needed for antennas in direct contact with body tissues. This must be achieved without compromising the high electrical conductivities and stabilities required for acceptable performance. Here, a nanocomposite based approach was taken to create soft, biocompatible antennas that can be embedded in the fat layer as an alternative to the metallic antennas used today. The nanocomposite films combine the exceptional electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and biostability of Au nanoparticles with the mechanical compliance, biocompatibility, and low water permeability of polyurethane. Nanocomposite film synthesis utilized flocculation and vacuum assisted filtration methods. The soft antenna films display high conductivities (∼103 S/m–105 S/m), reduced Young’s moduli (∼102 MPa–103 MPa), exceptional biocompatibilities characterized by in vivo and in vitro work, and notable biostabilities characterized by accelerated degradation studies. Consequently, the nanocomposite antennas are promising for chronic in vivo performance when the conductivity is above 103 S/m.
A Pk+2 polynomial lifting operator on polygons and polyhedrons

Abstract A P k + 2 polynomial lifting operator is defined on polygons and polyhedrons. It lifts discontinuous polynomials inside the polygon/polyhedron and on the faces to a one-piece P k + 2 polynomial. With this lifting operator, we prove that the weak Galerkin finite element solution, after this lifting, converges at two orders higher than the optimal order, in both L 2 and H 1 norms. The theory is confirmed by numerical solutions of 2D and 3D Poisson equations.
Standing Wave Solutions in Twisted Multicore Fibers

In the present work, we consider the existence and spectral stability of standing-wave solutions to a model for light propagation in a twisted multicore fiber with no gain or loss of energy. Numerical parameter continuation experiments demonstrate the existence of standing-wave solutions for sufficiently small values of the coupling parameter. Furthermore, standing waves exhibiting optical Aharonov-Bohm suppression, where there is a single waveguide which remains unexcited, exist when the twist parameter $\ensuremath{\phi}$ and the number of waveguides $N$ is related by $\ensuremath{\phi}=\ensuremath{\pi}/N$. Spectral computations and numerical evolution simulations suggest that standing-wave solutions where the energy is concentrated in a single site are neutrally stable. Solutions with asymmetric coupling and multipulse solutions are also briefly explored.
Treating the Eating Disorder Self: A Comprehensive Model for the Social Work Therapist: by Mary Anne Cohen, Washington, DC, NASW Press, 2020, 252 pp., $33 (paperback), ISBN 978-0871015501

Although there are a multitude of texts on the subject, this up-to-date and comprehensive guide to eating disorders is distinctly written from a social work perspective that will resonate with both...
Black Leg and Chlorotic Leaf Spot Occurrence on Brassicaceae Crop and Weed Hosts.

Black leg (caused by Plenodomus lingam and P. biglobosus) and chlorotic leaf spot (caused by Pyrenopeziza brassicae) are economically important fungal diseases of Brassicaceae crops. Surveys of see...
Sudden Cardiac Death and Myocardial Fibrosis, Determined by Autopsy, in Persons with HIV.

Abstract Background The incidence of sudden cardiac death and sudden death caused by arrhythmia, as determined by autopsy, in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has not been ...
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Associated with Hepatitis C.

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Associated with Hepatitis C A 65-year-old man with hepatitis C virus infection presented with lesions on his hands and forearms. A 24-hour urine sample showed an elevated le...
A critical review of molybdenum sequestration mechanisms under euxinic conditions: Implications for the precision of molybdenum paleoredox proxies

Abstract The observed difference in molybdenum (Mo) mobility and isotopic fractionation under oxic versus euxinic (i.e., anoxic and sulfidic) aqueous conditions provides a sound operational basis for the use of Mo geochemical signatures in ancient sedimentary records to infer palaeoceanographic redox conditions. While Mo is known to exist predominantly as molybdate (MoO42−) in oxic waters and convert into thiomolybdate species (MoOxS4-x2−) under euxinic conditions, the pathways that lead to Mo sequestration are highly debated. As mechanistic understanding of Mo sequestration is crucial for accurately reconstructing the chemistry of ancient oceans and constraining the timing and intensity of oxygenation events through Earth's history using Mo paleoproxies, we have closely examined the current proposed mechanisms for Mo sequestration across a wide range of euxinic conditions. Through compilation and comparison of such information, we aim to provide an integrated view of Mo sequestration processes, to identify the current controversies as well as the roots of such controversies, and importantly, to propose avenues for future research. Sequestration of Mo may occur through complexation with organic matter (OM), reactions with oxyhydroxide and sulfide mineral surfaces, incorporation into iron sulfide crystal structures, formation of Mo-sulfide, and cellular assimilation. However, several major questions remains unresolved, including whether OM complexation plays a significant role in overall sedimentary Mo accumulation, whether the reduction of Mo(VI) occurs during interaction with Fe-S clusters/precipitates and/or with OM, whether microbial enzymatic reduction of Mo(VI) is important in Mo sequestration, whether synergistic effects exist between the biological and abiotic processes in Mo sequestration, and whether differences in reactivity among the various thiomolybdate intermediate species and tetrathiomolybdate influence the Mo sequestration process. At the end of the review, the reliability of Mo paleoproxies is discussed and reevaluated.
Transfer-learning guided Bayesian model updating for damage identification considering modeling uncertainty

Abstract Modeling uncertainty or modeling error has been widely recognized as one major challenge in structural model updating for structural identification and damage detection. It renders model updating inherently ineffective in converging to the real structural model because of the physical bias present in establishing the numerical model. This study aims to minimize the influence of modeling uncertainty during model updating so that the updated model can accurately indicate the damage state. To this end, this study proposes a methodology that applies pattern recognition methods to guide Bayesian model updating (BMU) and supervise the identification of structural damage. In detail, the transfer learning (TL) technique realized by domain adaptation is used to bridge the gap between the biased numerical model and the real structure and to guide the model updating process. Numerical and experimental studies have been implemented to validate the efficiency of domain adaptation in identifying the correct damage locations and the advantage of TL-guided BMU over the traditional method in identifying damage severities when modeling error exists. Moreover, this study proposes applying domain adaptation to bridge the gap between model-based and data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) that are realized via model updating and pattern recognition, respectively. The proposed methodology is valuable and instructive for future work in this area.
Multiperiod-Ahead Predictive Densities and Model Comparison in Dynamic Models

This study proposes a new model comparison method which uses multiperiod-ahead predictive densities. Use of predictive densities allows us to incorporate the uncertainties associated with point forecasts in comparing the forecasting performances of various models. In the special case where one-period-ahead predictive densities are used, the method is equivalent to the Bayesian posterior odds. This new model-comparison method is contrasted to other measures of forecasting performance, such as the mean squared error, which don’t consider the uncertainties associated with point forecasts. To evaluate the multiperiod-ahead predictive densities in dynamic models, this study uses simulation methods.
Seguridad humana y migración internacional: experiencias de migrantes en el Valle del Cauca, hacia la construcción de buenas prácticas, 1991–2009 [Entrevista a Álvaro Ruge]

Contiene: Debe tenerse en cuenta que la problematica migratoria es multitematica y multidimensional, es decir, hay dimensiones transnacionales, nacionales, regionales y locales.-- La politica publica migratoria debe ser gestionada en la integracion horizontal de actores "aqui y alla" pero en un escenario de dialogo y consenso porque asumimos al migrante dentro de una familia transnacional.
Perceived stress of nonhospitalized children during the hospitalization of a sibling.

The purpose of this research was to examine nonhospitalized children’s perceptions of the stress of the hospitalization of a sibling. The subjects were 45 nonhospitalized children (S-12 years of age), and their parents, who had a sibling hospitalized over 24 hours for a medical or surgical condition. The Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) was used to measure the perception of stress related to a sibling’s hospitalization. The nonhospitalized children perceived the stress of hospitalization at a level of stress (anxiety) equal to the level of stress of hospitalized children and higher than children in a school setting found by previous investigators. Sex and age were not related to the degree of perceived stress (anxiety). The perception of stress varied significantly in relation to the type of sibling relationship, residence of the well sibling during the hospitalization, frequency of sibling visitation, and amount of parental behavior change as identified by the nonhospitalized children. Copyright o 7993 by W.B. Saunders Company
Parents’ attitudes toward comprehensive and inclusive sexuality education: Beliefs about sexual health topics and forms of curricula

Purpose – Parents are sometimes perceived as barriers to providing comprehensive and inclusive sexuality education to young people. However, little is known about parents’ actual attitudes towards providing such broad information to young people. The purpose of this paper is to examine two different approaches to measuring parents’ attitudes towards sexuality information, a programme title approach and a topic-centred approach. Design/methodology/approach – Illinois parents of adolescents (n=301) indicated their knowledge about and attitudes towards sexuality education programmes and 18 sexual health topics via online survey. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine whether parents’ attitudes were more consistent with a programme-centred (i.e. abstinence-only, comprehensive) or a topic-centred (i.e. physical health, sexual and gender identity, pleasure, and relationships) approach. Findings – Parents were uncertain about what form of sexuality education was offered but most were equally comfortabl...