cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Nelson goodman and the logical articulation of nominal compounds

Nelson Goodman claims to have given us a criterion for likeness of meaning that is more stringent than simple coextensiveness and yet that avoids the familiar extentionalist objections. The notion of a nominal compound plays a key role in his account. I show that Goodman's comments concerning this notion are inadequate, that his comments concerning expressions like ‘unicorn-picture’ are subject to two serious objections: (1) they don't support his claims about likeness of meaning (i.e., the claims that his criterion is more stringent than simple coextensiveness) and (2) they make English an unlearnable language.
Prosodie en motorische spraakstoornissen: een historisch overzicht

Hoewel prosodie een prominente plaats inneemt in de classificatie en differentiaaldiagnose van motorische spraakstoornissen, hebben de theoretische kaders waarin prosodie en motorische spraakstoornissen zijn ontwikkeld een volledige integratie of samenvoeging van deze domeinen beperkt. De Mayo-classificatie blijft de gouden standaard, en onderscheidt de motorische spraakstoornissen in termen van hoorbare spraakafwijkingen waaronder prosodie. Hoewel kort uitgedaagd door een prosodische classificatie van de motorische spraakstoornissen (Kent en Rosenbek, 1983), duurde het tot de theoretische vooruitgang in normale prosodie uitmondde in een door de linguistiek onderlegde objectieve meetmethode, voordat de akoestische benadering van het meten van prosodie een echt potentieel toonde om de audio-perceptuele benadering aan te vullen voor het in kaart brengen van het prosodische landschap in motorische spraakstoornissen.
Effects of a Lifestyle Medicine Elective on Self-Care Behaviors in Preclinical Medical Students

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of a lifestyle medicine elective on medical students’ self-care behaviors. From fall, 2015, through spring, 2017, a lifestyle medicine elective was offered to first and second year medical students. Acquisition of data was approved by the IRB. Students attended four group sessions, two at the beginning and two at the end of the elective. At the first session, information about the effects of lifestyle on mental and physical health was presented. Students completed screening instruments to assess their own physical activity, nutrition, anxiety, and depression. At the next class, students received their scores. They chose one of three focus groups: nutrition, physical activity or stress management and set a specific goal in that area. At the end of the elective, students attended two group sessions, which focused on patient cases. They again completed the screening instruments, and received their scores. They also evaluated the course. Sixty-three students signed the consent form and provided data. Comparison of baseline scores by gender revealed that women had statistically significant higher scores on the depression screener than men, and lower physical activity scores than men. Pre and post elective comparison in the whole group showed statistically significant improvements in nutrition, depression, and anxiety (all p < .05). Further analysis in the focus groups demonstrated that the stress management group’s scores on anxiety were significantly improved. The nutrition group significantly lowered their fat consumption and increased their intake of fruits and vegetables (all p < .05). The physical activity group did not significantly increase their daily physical activity, although this analysis was limited by missing data and wide variability. Student evaluations of the course were positive. Medical students are able to make improvements in their own lifestyle behaviors while acquiring information that may be useful in later patient care.
Plenty of room at the table (Dedicated to a radical global citizen) SART

Warm, open, mixed, adaptable, flavored, healthy, consciousAll words that describe the food in this cookbook and the man behind the recipes. You can’t understand the symbolism and the significance o...
Blockplane: A Global-Scale Byzantizing Middleware

The byzantine fault-tolerance model captures a wide-range of failures—common in real-world scenarios—such as ones due to malicious attacks and arbitrary software/hardware errors. We propose Blockplane, a middleware that enables making existing benign systems tolerate byzantine failures. This is done by making the existing system use Blockplane for durability and as a communication infrastructure. Blockplane proposes the following: (1) A middleware and communication infrastructure to make an entire benign protocol byzantine fault-tolerant, (2)A hierarchical locality-aware design to minimize the number of wide-area messages, (3) A separation of fault-tolerance concerns to enable designs with higher performance.
Flooding-Associated Soft Rot of Sweetpotato Storage Roots Caused by Distinct Clostridium Isolates

Flooding of sweetpotatoes in the field leads to development of soft rot on the storage roots while they remain submerged or on subsequent harvest and storage. Incidences of flooding after periods o...
Three Networks, Two Candidates, One Problem: Sexist News Commentary During Hillary Clinton’s Presidential and Sarah Palin’s Vice-Presidential Campaigns

This paper examines the political commentary of three major U.S. television news networks for their portrayal and criticism of and sexist commentary on Hillary Clinton and Sarah Palin during their 2008 presidential campaigns and Clinton’s 2016 presidential campaign. I reviewed coverage by CNN, the news source “bordering the neutral zone” (Langlois); MSNBC, the news outlet with a “slightly more liberal audience” (Blake); and Fox News, the “perceived as right-leaning” media outlet (Rothwell). While I originally sought to assess imbalances in criticism of these women from opposing parties on each network (would one woman “catch a break” on a certain network but not from others), I instead found an even display of criticism and negative portrayal based on sexist commentary across all three. This finding suggests a connection between openly biased and sexist news media coverage of female candidates for national political office and underrepresentation of women in congressional and presidential politics. Through negative commentary on female politicians’ appearance, family roles, and competence based on stereotypes like “emotionality,” mainstream news media play a powerful role in women’s continuing struggle to occupy the White House.
Understanding Affective Dynamics of Learning Toward a Ubiquitous Learning System

Understanding student learning behaviors is of prime importance for educational research. Many complex factors influence learning processes, but one collective impact of all these factors is how they affect learning and the degree of motivation. In this study, we discuss the current state of human affect detection in education, our proposed affect change model and its implications. This study adopts dataset from ASSISTments online learning platform, which consists of student interaction data, and ground truth labels for affect states coded by Baker Rodrigo Ocumpaugh Monitoring Protocol (BROMP) certified coders to develop and validate the affect change model. We show that the proposed affect change model in combination with the adoption of machine learning algorithms will support the development of a ubiquitous learning system that tracks the student learning process within the context of contributing factors and provide interventions when needed.
Circular Rep encoding single stranded (CRESS) DNA virus-like sequences detected in quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) and sediments from the central Lake Michigan benthos

Abstract Circular Rep Encoding Single Stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses are a diverse group of viruses that have been identified in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Recent work in the Laurentian Great Lakes characterized the ecology and diversity of CRESS-DNA viruses associated with amphipods, Diporeia spp. In the last 20 years the Lake Michigan benthos has changed considerably with drastic population declines of Diporeia spp. concurrent with an increase in invasive quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) abundance. The purpose of this study was to characterize CRESS-DNA virus-like elements (VLES; which could represent complete, partial/defective, endogenized or satellite viruses) associated with both invasive quagga mussels and in sediment collected in central Lake Michigan. Viral metagenomic libraries were prepared from two size classes (>25 mm and
Tamoxifen-induced hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state secondary to suspected pancreatic beta cell inflammation

Abstract Selective estrogen receptor modulators, such as tamoxifen, have been used for many years to reduce the recurrence of breast cancer. There is limited data on tamoxifen use in males with breast cancer. Hyperglycemia or risk of diabetes is not listed on the package insert for tamoxifen. In this clinical case, one patient presented with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state two months after starting tamoxifen for male breast cancer. Discontinuation of tamoxifen resulted in decreased hemoglobin A1c levels back to baseline and rebound of C- peptide levels.
The Psychodynamics of Conversion: Winnicottian Perspectives on the Transformation of Job

Using D. W. Winnicott’s object relations theory in conversation with Lewis R. Rambo’s scholarship on conversion, this paper explores the transformation of the biblical figure of Job. The first part of the paper explores the origins and meaning of the “psychodynamics of conversion” and highlights the paradoxical nature of conversion. Rambo’s stage theory is discussed. Wolfgang Iser’s reader-response theory is identified as inviting an object relations perspective on Job. Drawing on Winnicott, the paper then describes Job’s experience of loss, transformation, and confession—a process of conversion—and compares it to Rambo’s stages of conversion.
Effects of vitrification and the superovulated environment on placental function and fetal growth in an IVF mouse model.

In studies of human IVF, as compared to frozen embryo transfer (ET), fresh ET is associated with smaller infants and higher risk of small for gestational age infants. Recent observations suggest that ET using vitrified embryos is associated with higher pregnancy and live birth rates compared to fresh ET, but increased rates of large for gestational age infants. The mechanisms underlying these associations are largely unknown, and available evidence suggests that the influence of IVF, vitrification and the superovulated (SO) uterine environment on placental function and fetal growth is complex. This warrants further investigation given the prevalent practice in human IVF of both fresh ET into a SO uterine environment, and vitrification with ET into a more physiologic uterine environment. Using a mouse model that closely resembles human IVF, we investigated if vitrification of IVF embryos better preserves placental function and results in better pregnancy outcomes as compared to fresh ET because of transfer into a more physiologic endometrium. We found that the SO environment, independent of vitrification status, reduced implantation rates, inhibited placental mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling and induced placental stress signaling, resulting in fetal growth restriction (1.080 ± 0.05 g estrous fresh (n = 17 litters), 1.176 ± 0.05 g estrous vitrified (n = 12), 0.771 ± 0.06 g SO fresh (n = 15), 0.895 ± 0.08 g SO vitrified (n = 10), P < 0.0001). In addition, our study suggests that vitrification impairs the developmental potential of IVF blastocysts that resulted in a significantly smaller litter size (2.6 ± 2.3 fresh estrous vs 2.5 ± 2.4 fresh SO vs 1.6 ± 1.7 estrous vitrified vs 1.7 ± 1.8 SO vitrified, P = 0.019), with no effect on fetal growth or placental function at term. Our findings suggest that vitrification may negatively impact early embryonic viability, while the SO maternal uterine environment impairs both placental development and fetal growth in IVF.
What Drives the Size and Value Factors

Since Fama and French (1992) and Lakonishok, Shleifer, and Vishny (1994), researchers have incessantly debated whether size and value factors capture economic risk. I find that a large fraction of price fluctuations in the Fama-French size and value factors are non-fundamental price pressures driven by correlated fund flows. These large demand-driven price movements revert over time, explaining approximately 30% of overall factor price fluctuations. Further corroborating the price pressure interpretation, these demand-driven price effects happen exclusively in periods when mutual funds place trades. Overall, my findings imply that a sizeable fraction of factor movements do not represent fundamental risk.
Understanding the biomechanical role of limbus using optical coherence elastography

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in elasticity of the corneo-scleral limbus when the eye-globe is subjected to different intraocular pressures. Continuous elastic waves were mechanically induced in the sclera and imaged using a phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography system. Experimental results showed a marked heterogeneity of wave speed across the corneal-limbal-scleral region, which increased as a function of IOP. The conclusion of this study reveals that the corneo-scleral limbus tissue is more mechanically nonlinear compared to the cornea and sclera. This suggests that limbus acts as a supporting and accommodating mechanical structure for the cornea.
Considering Spatial Cognition of Blind Travelers in Utilizing Augmented Reality for Navigation

Recent work has shown that smartphone-based augmented reality technology (AR) has the potential to be leveraged by people who are blind or visually impaired (BVI) for indoor navigation. The fact that this technology is low-cost, widely available, and portable further amplifies the opportunities for impact. However, when utilizing AR for navigation, there are many possible ways to communicate the spatial information encoded in the AR world to the user, and the choice of how this information is presented to the user may have profound effects on the usability of this information for navigation. In this paper we describe frameworks from the field of spatial cognition, discuss important results in spatial cognition for folks who are BVI, and use these results and frameworks to lay out possible user interface paradigms for AR-based navigation technology for people who are BVI. We also present findings from a route dataset collected from an AR-based navigation application that support the urgency of considering spatial cognition when developing AR technology for people who are BVI.
The cohomology of $C_2$-equivariant $\mathcal{A}(1)$ and the homotopy of $ko_{C_2}$

We compute the cohomology of the subalgebra A C 2 ( 1 ) of the C 2 -equivariant Steenrod algebra A C 2 . This serves as the input to the C 2 -equivariant Adams spectral sequence converging to the completed RO ( C 2 ) -graded homotopy groups of an equivariant spectrum ko C 2 . Our approach is to use simpler ℂ -motivic and ℝ -motivic calculations as stepping stones.
Self-Calibration of Multiple LiDARs for Autonomous Vehicles

We propose a novel LiDAR extrinsic calibration method that does not require external calibration settings or human intervention. Instead of using fixed calibration targets, our algorithm automatically detects valid geometry-level features in random surrounding scenes. As an assumption-free approach, we introduce an initial state estimation algorithm to aid the global optimization process. This is achieved by extending the Rotation-Invariant Feature (RIF) to tolerate noise and uncertainty from LiDAR and environments, which results in robust point correspondence matching. In order to improve efficiency, the translation and rotation offsets are optimized separately through Branch-and-Bound (BnB) optimization. The proposed algorithm shows promising results on an outdoor calibration dataset and outperforms previous calibration methods. It also demonstrates comparable robustness to offline calibration approaches, but with fewer constraints and assumptions.
Setting Expectations: Governance and Board Considerations

This chapter explores the role of the Board and corporate governance, which is an under-researched area in the EO literature. The chapter adopts the perspective that the Board is central to setting the overall strategic parameters for the firm’s EO; the Board decides the chronic EO state. The chapter then briefly draws from a resource dependency frame to describe how Board composition and structure may influence EO. The chapter discusses merger and acquisition decisions and how they may influence the firm’s organic EO, and poses the question of whether a firm may import EO through acquisition. The chapter also addresses the Board’s role in managing capital risk as it relates to entrepreneurial behaviors and allocating capital toward projects with uncertain outcomes. I conclude the chapter with a discussion of the possible enabling effect of various executive compensation structures on the firm’s EO.
Distributed Intelligent Navigation Systems

Over the past several years, we have seen increasing levels of ship's automation accompanied by increasingly smaller ship's crews. Some forms of the automation introduced are derivatives of aerospace technology, including automated intelligent decision support for ship's crews. This paper discusses changes in waterway systems which have evolved over the past twenty years, and describes two projects illustrative of those changes, in different states of maturity: the Distributed Intelligent Piloting System (DIPS) for the St. Lawrence Seaway, and the Lockheed Martin SmartBridge, an intelligent ship's bridge system which was deployed on a Chevron Shipping Company oil tanker. The paper discusses the impacts of such technology on users of waterway systems, as well as future directions for distributed intelligent navigation systems.
Impact of Microprocessors on the Quality of Life: Comparative Needs of Older vs. Younger Generations

The impact of the microprocessor is that its ubiquitous applications in industrial production, agriculture, health delivery systems, the office, the home and in personal functions has a rational potential for producing a true Utopia for human-kind. Used with two counterparts not yet as far along in applications development, viz., nuclear fusion and genetic engineering, spectacular productivity increases can be projected. These increases should make it possible to provide all the material resources needed by the population of any country in the world. The highest imaginable material standard of living without reducing or damaging the resources of our planet is realistically a possibility. Steps toward this goal in terms of eliminating dirty, boring, repetitive and dangerous jobs and reducing working hours and years are already a part of first world cultures. A society to come later can provide the average individual with the time, resources, and opportunities to achieve fulfillment of personal needs, both creative and routine. Abolition of poverty, and with it, the tyranny of daily work for sustenance is almost inevitable in the framework of the knowledge revolution that is upon us. Providing of course, that humans individually and in social aggregates can keep the urge to destroy each other under control.
Diffusion on a molecular scale as observed using PGSE NMR

For half a century, pulsed-gradient Spin-Echo NMR based on the Stejskal–Tanner equation has been used to infer Fick's-Law diffusion coefficients of solutes in simple liquids and complex fluids. The decades since the original papers have seen vast advances in instrument technology and pulse sequence design, all leading to improved measurements of diffusion coefficients. However, just as the last half-century has brought major advances in instrument technology, so also it has also brought major advances in scientific understanding of diffusion on molecular distance and time scales. This article discusses implications of these advances in molecular hydrodynamics for the interpretation of PGSE NMR attenuation curves. The results here are particularly significant for studies on complex fluid systems that have relaxations on the time and distance scales that are observed in PGSE NMR experiments. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 43A: 1–15, 2015.
Veterinary medical specialization

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses veterinary medical specialization. Veterinary medicine is the art and science concerned with the health and disease of animals. Veterinary medicine has evolved from the barnyard art of treating animals to a sophisticated practice of medical and surgical science by highly trained specialists. Early images of the veterinarian who provided medical and surgical treatment for all animals have changed to the modern day veterinarian who may limit practice to either large or small animals or specialize in the treatment of medical or surgical diseases. Veterinary medical specialization had its beginnings with observation of the human medical specialties that developed in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries at most medical schools. Veterinarians desired to replicate the practice of medical specialization, which was leading to major scientific advances and medical breakthroughs in human medicine. Modern biomedical research is based on the concept of “one medicine,” which suggests that human and veterinary medicine are based on similar scientific premises.
Impact of Transitory Income on Birth Weights: Evidence from a Blackout in Zanzibar

Do transitory income shocks affect infant health? I find evidence that birth weights fell following a temporary income reduction caused by an unexpected, month-long blackout in Zanzibar. Relying on 350 household surveys collected during field work, I show that the 2008 blackout reduced labor supply of workers in electricity-dependent jobs by an average of 25%, with no effect on workers in other sectors. The income shock was temporary. Using over 20,000 birth records from a maternity ward, I document a reduction in the average birth weight of children exposed to the blackout while in utero, and an increase in the probability of low birth weight. Supporting a causal interpretation of these results, the reduction in weights is correlated with measures of maternal exposure to the blackout. In particular, reductions in birth weights were largest among children from wards with intermediate levels of employment in electrified sectors. The two causes that are most consistent with these results are a blackout-induced decline in maternal nutrition, and maternal stress. Alternative explanations are examined, including the possible effects of a temporary fertility shift. It is shown that the blackout increased births, but that selection into pregnancy cannot explain the drop in birth weights.
Magnetic microbes: Bacterial magnetite biomineralization

Magnetotactic bacteria are a diverse group of prokaryotes with the ability to orient and migrate along the magnetic field lines in search for a preferred oxygen concentration in chemically stratified water columns and sediments. These microorganisms produce magnetosomes, the intracellular nanometer-sized magnetic crystals surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer membrane, typically organized in chains. Magnetosomes have nearly perfect crystal structures with narrow size distribution and species-specific morphologies, leading to well-defined magnetic properties. As a result, the magnetite biomineralization in these organisms is of fundamental interest to diverse disciplines, from biotechnology to astrobiology. This article highlights recent advances in the understanding of the bacterial magnetite biomineralization.
The lin-3/let-23 pathway mediates inductive signalling during male spicule development in Caenorhabditis elegans

During Caenorhabditis elegans male spicule development, four pairs of precursor cells respond to multiple positional cues and establish a pattern of fates that correlates with relative anterior-posterior cell position. One of the extracellular cues is provided by the F and U cells, which promote anterior fates. We show that the genes in the lin-3/let-23 signalling pathway required for hermaphrodite vulval induction also mediate this F/U signal. Reduction-of-function mutations in lin-3, let-23, sem-5, let-60 or lin-45 disrupt the fate of anterior cells. Likewise, activation of the pathway with ubiquitously produced signal results in posterior cells inappropriately adopting the anterior fates even in the absence of F and U. We have further used this genetic pathway to begin to understand how multiple positional cues are integrated to specify cell fate. We demonstrate that lin-15 acts in spicule development as it does in vulval induction, as a negative regulator of let-23 receptor activity. A second extracellular cue, from Y.p, also acts antagonistically to the lin-3/let-23 pathway. However, this signal is apparently integrated into the lin-3/let-23 pathway at some step after lin-45 raf and is thus functionally distinct from lin-15. We have also investigated the role of lin-12 in forming the anterior/posterior pattern of fates. A lin-12 gain-of-function defect is masked by redundant positional information from F and U.
A Low-Molecular-Weight Factor in Human Milk Whey Promotes Iron Uptake by Caco-2 Cells

The iron bioavailability of human milk (HM) is substantially greater than that of cow's milk (CM), but the factor responsible for this high bioavailability is unknown. This study evaluated the effects of various HM and CM fractions on iron bioavailability. Milk was separated into fat, casein and whey fractions by ultracentrifugation. Whey was further fractionated by ultrafiltration with a 10-kDa membrane to produce a 10-kDa retentate (10kR) and a 10-kDa filtrate (10kF). Samples were prepared by mixing various combinations of the fractions, bringing the samples to prefractionation weight with minimum essential medium (MEM), and adding iron (10 micro mol/L) as ferrous sulfate. Samples were divided into two aliquots: one was subjected to in vitro digestion, the other was not. Bioavailability was assessed by applying the samples to Caco-2 cell monolayers and incubating for 24 h. Ferritin formation in the cells was used as an index of iron uptake. Removing the fat from undigested HM samples doubled the ferritin formation, but removing the whey or casein had no effect. Results with digested HM samples were similar, except that removing the whey decreased ferritin formation by 48%. Removing the fat from digested CM samples had no effect, but removing the casein doubled the ferritin formation. Removing the 10kF from HM reduced ferritin formation by 60%, but removing the 10kR had no effect. These data suggest that a low-molecular-weight factor (<10 kDa) in human milk enhances iron absorption.
High speed data bus macro instruction set architecture

Unisys Corporation has developed an input/output (I/O) instruction set architecture (ISA) to accommodate I/O devices in reduced instruction set computing (RISC)-based applications. Control over the linear high speed data bus (HSDB) interface is implemented by control registers, memory resident instructions, and memory maps. Instruction chaining allows for autonomous multiple message transmission in addition to single message-by-message control. Handling data reception is customized by the mapping structure, which incorporates message polling, single and multiple message interrupts, and single and multiple message FIFOs. Control registers provide for transitioning between various modes and states within the I/O interface. By defining network accessible control registers, a method is made available for remote interface control. By combining remote interface control and message mapping, some applications may not require a processor to control each I/O interface. >
State Post-Conviction Remedies in the Next Fifteen Years: How Synergy Between the State and Federal Governments Can Improve the Criminal Justice System Nationally

In the years ahead both the state and federal governments will have a shared interest in improving the fairness of state post-conviction review systems. Under Cullen v. Pinholster, 131 S. Ct. 1388 (2011) states9 post-conviction rulings will be given considerable deference on federal habeas corpus review if but only if they emerge from procedurally sound systems. This gives the states a finality interest and the federal government a cost-savings interest in the creation of such systems. At the same time unsound systems are increasingly vulnerable to attacks under Section 1983. These converging circumstances make it more desirable than ever that the states provide competent counsel in state post-conviction proceedings.
The effect of social conflict on relationship loyalty in business markets

Abstract This study examines the impact of perceived social conflict on existing buyer–seller relationships. The results indicate that as the level of social conflict increases, perceptions about the loyalty of the relationship decrease. Perceived importance of the relationship had no impact on conflict or relationship loyalty. Ramifications of these findings for selling, sales management, and sales training are discussed.
Neuroprotective effects of resveratrol in Alzheimer disease pathology.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive and behavioral abilities. Extracellular senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles are hallmarks of AD. Researchers aim to analyze the molecular mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis; however, the therapeutic options available to treat this disease are inadequate. In the past few years, several studies have reported interesting insights about the neuroprotective properties of the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (3, 5, 4’-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) when used with in vitro and in vivo models of AD. The aim of this review is to focus on the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of resveratrol on AD and its multiple potential mechanisms of action. In addition, because the naturally occurring forms of resveratrol have a very limited half-life in plasma, a description of potential analogues aimed at increasing bioavailability in plasma is also discussed.
Uterine artery embolization for the treatment of uterine fibroids

Abstract Uterine leiomyomata are a frequent finding in a gynecologist’s practice. Until recently, options for management have been limited. A relatively new procedure is gaining popularity as another option for a select group of patients. The treatment of choice for definitive management remains hysterectomy. However, uterine artery embolization (UAE) can be considered in certain women. We discuss the indications, benefits, risks, and potential complications of UAE. We review recent literature including results and complication rates. A proposed protocol is introduced for patient selection, preoperative assessment, and postprocedural follow-up. A coordinated effort is recommended, including incorporating a multiteam approach with the interventional radiologist, pain management service, and gynecologist. A brief technical review of the procedure is included. (Primary Care Update Ob/Gyns 2001;8:232–239
Students' Perceptions of E-Mail Interaction During Student-Professor Advising Sessions: The Pursuit of Interpersonal Goals

This study investigated students' preference for e-mail over face-to-face (FtF) communication for interpersonal goal achievement (i.e., instrumental, relational, self-presentational) with faculty advisors. An exploratory analysis of undergraduate students revealed that they did not prefer computer-mediated communication (i.e., e-mail) over FtF communication with advisors when addressing all 3 interpersonal goal types. Significant gender differences were also found, with women reporting more use of e-mail, and men preferring to address self-presentational goals in FtF settings. It also was found that compared to Caucasians, African Americans did not prefer CMC to FtF interaction in achieving instrumental and self-presentational goals. Results of this study suggest that despite the ubiquity of e-mail communication, undergraduates did not prefer e-mail over FtF contact with faculty advisors.
A statistical model of overlapping volume in ligand binding cavities

Understanding and predicting protein-ligand binding preferences is an essential aspect of research in many fields, especially drug design. To assist in this effort, this paper presents VASP-I (Volumetric Analysis of Surface Properties for Intersections), a statistical model for estimating the probability that a set of cavities exhibit the same conserved region, and may thus have the same binding preferences. We applied this method to analyze ligand binding cavities of sequentially nonredundant structural representatives of the serine protease and enolase superfamilies. On these datasets VASP-I correctly distinguished sets of cavities with identical binding preferences from other sets with varying binding preferences. These results indicate that it can be possible to predict binding cavities that exhibit different binding preferences, even when the biochemical mechanism is unknown.
S-matrix bootstrap of a scalar Higgs boson.

We use the {ital N}/{ital D} formalism to perform a bootstrap calculation of a neutral, scalar resonance coupled to longitudinal {ital WZ} gauge bosons. We find that a consistent solution only exists for a mass value very close to 2.01 gauge-boson masses. The solution does not constrain the couplings and requires large scattering lengths.
The Ontogeny of Play within a Society: Preliminary Analysis

Data were collected on play behaviors occuring within a single troop or rhesus monkeys in two environments. Observations were regular and covered a total of almost 2 years. The three categories of play—object, activity, and social play—tended to occur together, typically within the same recording session. Thus, the attending conditions—including satiation and maturity—which permitted the occurrence of one category of play behavior, permitted the occurrence of the other categories as well. Maturity seemed to account for the appearance of a particular behavior within a category (e.g., manipulation rather than touching; climbing rather than active hanging; romping and wrestling rather than contact or touching). The social context, determined by such factors as maternal dominance, the identity of nearby animals, and the overall social tension of the troop, and reflected in the extent of inhibitory control of the target animals by their mothers, seemed to determine the frequency with which these elements in the infant monkey's repertoire could be displayed during any given period in the ontogeny of the individual.
Continuous Spike and Wave in Slow-Wave Sleep in a Patient With Rett Syndrome and in a Patient With Lhermitte-Duclos Syndrome and Neurofibromatosis 1:

Continuous spike and wave in slow-wave sleep (CSWS) is an electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern characterized by generalized spike-wave discharges occurring for at least 85% of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep, with marked attenuation during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. It has been described in a large number of structural and nonstructural neurologic conditions and is associated with epilepsy, behavioral disturbances, and severe neuropsychiatric impairment. We describe continuous spike and wave in slow-wave sleep in 2 patients (one with Rett syndrome and the other with Lhermitte-Duclos syndrome). To our knowledge, continuous spike and wave in slow-wave sleep has not been previously described in these conditions.
Increase in Fine Motor Control in Parkinson Patients following Levodopa

25 Parkinson patients and 31 controls, matched for age and verbal IQ, were tested on a handwriting task prior to receiving levodopa. 14 of the original 25 patients and 22 of the original 31 controls were also tested on maze-tracing ability prior to levodopa treatment. The Parkinson patients were retested on the same tests after being on levodopa for at least 2 1/2 mo.; the controls were retested after a comparable time interval. Parkinson patients demonstrated improvement in tasks measuring fine motor control and speed. The control groups did not show improvement on either task.
Comparative Development and Performance of Artificially Reared versus Host-RearedDiapetimorpha introita(Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) Wasps☆

Abstract Diapetimorpha introita (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a native ectoparasitoid of Spodoptera spp. pupae, was reared in the laboratory on an artificial diet devoid of any insect host components. Diet-reared wasps demonstrated a propensity to search for and parasitize natural hosts in a field cage trial. Longevity of the diet-reared wasps was comparable with the longevity of wasps reared on host pupae. Survival rate of D. introita was 61.3% when reared on diet and 76.3% when reared on host pupae. Wasps reared on the artificial diet had longer developmental times, reduced fecundity, and reduced adult weights compared to wasps reared on host pupae. These studies suggest that future research efforts should focus on increasing fecundity and weight of diet-reared wasps and decreasing the mortality and developmental time of wasps reared on the artificial diet. The ability to rear D. introita on an inexpensive, artificial diet significantly enhances the potential of mass rearing this parasitoid for inundative releases against Spodoptera spp.
A microscale-molecular weight sensor: probing molecular diffusion between adjacent laminar flows by refractive index gradient detection.

A detection scheme that measures the refractive index gradient (RIG) between adjacent laminar flows in a microfluidic device has been used to develop a microscale-molecular weight sensor. The behavior of low Reynolds number flows has been well documented and shows that molecular transport (mixing) between adjacent laminar flows occurs by molecular diffusion between flow boundaries. A diode laser beam, incident upon and illuminating the entire width of a microchannel, measured the transverse concentration gradient at two different positions along a microchannel. The concentration gradient is impacted by the transverse diffusion from a flow with analyte into a flow initially without analyte. The RIG that forms as analyte diffuses from one adjacent flow to the other causes the laser beam, impinging orthogonal to the RIG through the microchannel, to be deflected. The angle of deflection is then monitored on a position-sensitive detector (PSD) at two different positions along the axis of flow to provide a meas...
Therapy of Mooren's Ulcer

In 37 eyes of 23 patients with Mooren's ulcer initial treatment with topical corticosteroids healed 12 ulcers. Conjunctival excision, used if the corticosteroids failed, healed eight ulcers. Patients failing to respond to topical corticosteroids and conjunctival excision were treated with immunosuppression. This resulted in healing of four of 13 ulcers. Overall, 24 of 37 ulcers (65%) were healed. Eight of nine unilateral ulcers and six of six bilateral nonsimultaneous ulcers (ulcer began in one eye after healing in the other) healed after treatment with topical corticosteroids and conjunctival excision. However, only ten of 22 bilateral simultaneous ulcers responded to topical corticosteroids, conjunctival excision, and immunosuppression. Bilateral, simultaneously active Mooren's ulcer is a severe, relentlessly destructive condition for which no completely satisfactory treatment exists.
Legal abortion mortality and general anesthesia

Abstract Legal abortion-related mortality as reported to the Centers for Disease Control declined eightfold between 1972 and 1981. However, the causes of legal abortion mortality have changed over time. We reviewed all legal abortion-related deaths that occurred between 1972 and 1985 in the United States. We found that, although the absolute number of legal abortion-related deaths caused by general anesthesia complications did not increase, the proportion of such deaths increased significantly, from 7.7% between 1972 and 1975 to 29.4% between 1980 and 1985. Women who died of general anesthesia complications did not differ by age, presence of preexisting medical conditions, or type of facility from women who died of other causes. However, the proportion of deaths from general anesthesia complications was significantly nigher among women of black and other races, women obtaining abortions during the first trimester, and women obtaining abortions in the Northeast. Our results indicate that at least 23 of the 27 deaths were due to hypoventilation and/or loss of airway resulting in hypoxia. Persons administering general anesthesia for abortion must be skilled in airway management as well as the provision of general anesthesia.
From sacral to secular: the unintended consequences of Renaissance linear perspective in Western art and science

I’m writing a book tentatively called “From sacral to secular: the unintended consequences of Renaissance linear perspective in Western art and science”, offering new arguments as to why Brunelleschi employed the science of optics and especially the mirror in his first perspective Florentine Baptistery picture.
Ovarian ascorbic acid depleting factors in the chicken hypothalamus.

A substance active in the ovarian ascorbic acid (OAA) depletion assay was found in acid extracts of chicken hypothalamus but not in extracts of cerebral cortex. The depletions evoked by these extracts were not proportional to the logarithm of the dose, and the extracts were equally active in intact and hypophysectomized assay rats. This effect was not due to the presence of LH in the extracts for the active substance had no effect in the 32P assay, and it passed through a dialysis membrane with an exclusion limit of under 12,000 molecular weight. The activity of this small molecular weight fraction was destroyed by incubation with thioglycollate. Purification of this fraction on a column of Sephadex G-25 produced a single peak with OAA depleting activity. This fraction also contained vasopressor activity, and the elution volume of the fraction was the same as that of synthetic arginine vasotocin (AVT). Because of the many similarities of AVT and the active compound in the extracts, it was concluded that A...
A fully integrated switched-capacitor based PMU with adaptive energy harvesting technique for ultra-low power sensing applications

We present a self-adapting power management unit (PMU) for ultra-low power wireless sensor nodes. The PMU uses 1.03nF of on-chip MIM capacitance in a reconfigurable switched-capacitor network (SCN) that automatically adapts to different battery voltages for down-conversion and different harvesting sources/harvesting conditions for up-conversion. The PMU achieves 63.8% / 60.7% down-conversion efficiency at 17.9μW active mode / 12.8nW sleep mode power loading. With the adaptive down-conversion ratio, load power range is improved by 3.76× and 5.48× in sleep and active mode, respectively. We show how the proposed adaptation method enables harvesting with solar, microbial fuel cell, and thermal energy sources, increases harvesting efficiency by 1.92× and achieves the peak extraction efficiency of 99.8% for solar cell.
The Use of Psycholinguistic Principles in Treatment of Aphasia

An understanding of psycholinguistic principles is important for the aphasia therapist. Studies supporting the hypothesis of Chomsky that aphasics have competence but suffer a disruption of performance are cited. The use of some linguistic concepts such as word frequency, linguistic levels, abstractness and association are considered from the point of view of stimulation therapy and indices of recovery.
Elemental carbon and lead content of fine particles from American and French cities of comparable size and industry, 1985

Abstract The relationship between the concentrations or elemental carbon (EC) and lead (Pb) in urban aerosols from the two countries was investigated. The cities in the United States (U.S.) and France (FR), selected for study based on similarities in their populations and general industry, were: Senonches, FR and Clemson, SC; Clermont-Ferrand, FR and Akron, OH; Strasbourg, FR and Norfolk, VA; Paris, FR and Chicago, IL; and Orleans, FR. The data show that both species in each country are semi-logarithmically related to population. However, in the largest cities, the French aerosol contained significantly higher levels of both EC and Pb. The mean EC concentrations in rural towns, small cities and large urban areas were approximately 1.2−1.7; 2.4−3.0; and 4.6−7.9 μg m −3 . Mean Pb concentrations were 0.005−0.006; 0.03−0.07; and 0.06−0.44 μg m −3 for the same cities.
Specific, saturable, and high affinity binding of 125I-low density lipoprotein to glass beads.

Abstract 125 I-Low density lipoprotein ( 125 I-LDL) ∗ binds tightly to glass beads at physiologic pH and ionic strength. This binding shows saturability, high affinity (half maximal binding achieved at 10–15 μg protein/ml), and specificity (unlabeled LDL but not HDL or albumin competes with 125 I-LDL for binding to the glass beads). In contrast to the binding of 125 I-LDL to the physiologic LDL receptor on the surface of human fibroblasts and lymphocytes, the binding of 125 I-LDL to bind to inert substances such as glass must be considered in the interpretation of studies in which 125 I-LDL binding to membrane receptors is measured. The data emphasize the importance of correlating observed 125 I-LDL binding with a physiologic action of the lipoprotein.
Metal Cutting Machine Tool Design—A Review

This paper reviews the key developments in the area of metal cutting machine tool design over the last three decades, from a very practical perspective. While defining the drivers of machine tool design as higher productivity and higher accuracy, this paper examines the advances in design from the needs of these two drivers.
Influence of shear rate on platelet aggregation in cerebral microvessels

The aggregation of platelets in injured cerebral arterioles was delayed as the wall shear rate rose, over a range of 0.2 to 1.4 sec−1. The shear rates were calculated from centerline velocities determined with the two-slit technique and a cross correlator. The velocity range was 2 to 13 mm/sec. The correlation between aggregation latency and shear rate was 0.44, P
Microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition growth of few-walled carbon nanotubes using catalyst derived from an iron-containing block copolymer precursor

The microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPECVD) method is now commonly used for directional and conformal growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on supporting substrates. One of the shortcomings of the current process is the lack of control of the diameter and diameter distribution of the CNTs due to difficulties in synthesizing well-dispersed catalysts. Recently, block copolymer derived catalysts have been developed which offer the potential of fine control of both the size of and the spacing between the metal clusters. In this paper we report the successful growth of CNTs with narrow diameter distribution using polystyrene-block-polyferrocenylethylmethylsilane (PS-b-PFEMS) as the catalyst precursor. The study shows that higher growth pressure leads to better CNT growth. Besides the pressure, the effects on the growth of CNTs of the growth parameters, such as temperature and precursor gas ratio, are also studied.