cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Horrors in theological context

Although my book Horrendous Evils and the Goodness of God (Cornell University Press, 1999) takes its polemical starting point from discussions of the problem of evil by analytic philosophers from the 1950s onwards, it has an underlying theological perspective which begins with Job (and shades of 4 Ezra), continues with Christology, and stretches forward to the resurrection of the body and the life of the world to come. My medieval friends – Anselm, Bonaventure, Aquinas, Scotus, and Ockham – reinforce and give philosophical interpretation to Job's ‘size-gap’ between God and creatures. My youthful wrestlings with existentialist philosophers and neo-orthodox theologians lead me to locate the imago dei in human nature in its alleged capacity for meaning-making rather than its putative potential for moral virtuosity. The goal of reciprocal divine–human identification, so prominent in Francis of Assisi and Julian of Norwich, combines with Matthew's Emmanuel-theme and Chalcedon to render the Christology; while the conditions of the possibility of defeating horrors constitute my rubric for interpreting credal commitments and adjusting traditional eschatologies. Throughout the book and my sequel Gifford lectures, I try to rivet attention on the category of horrendous evils because they disrupt conventional approaches to evil in philosophy and theology alike.
Fourth-order-dispersion limitations of aberration-free chirped-pulse amplification systems

To obtain shorter pulses in chirped-pulse-amplification lasers, researchers have recently proposed several designs for aberration-free pulse stretchers. We examine the limitations of two aberration-free chirped-pulse-amplification systems and show that comparable results can be obtained with simpler, conventional pulse stretchers. In addition, we present a simple, quintic-phase-limited, aberration-free chirped-pulse-amplification system that can support ultrashort, high-contrast pulses.
Persönlichkeit: Ansätze und Theorien

„War ich uberrascht, als mich meine Klassenkameraden auf der James Monroe High School fur den Titel Jimmie Monroe auswahlten! Dies bedeutete, das ich die beste Personlichkeit in der ganzen Schule hatte..., das heist, die beste unter den alteren Jungen (Janie Monroe war das weibliche Gegenstuck). Es war der erste Wettbewerb, den ich je gewonnen hatte, und ich hatte dafur nicht einmal etwas zu tun brauchen — keine Boxkampfe, keine Tests — ich hatte lediglich ich selbst zu sein. Das aber war fur mich denkbar einfach, denn immer, wenn ich versucht hatte, jemand anders zu sein, war das, was dabei herauskam, doch immer nur ich selbst.“
Siloxane Nanoprobes for Labeling and Dual Modality Functional Imaging of Neural Stem Cells

Cell therapy represents a promising therapeutic for a myriad of medical conditions, including cancer, traumatic brain injury, and cardiovascular disease among others. A thorough understanding of the efficacy and cellular dynamics of these therapies necessitates the ability to non-invasively track cells in vivo. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a platform to track cells as a non-invasive modality with superior resolution and soft tissue contrast. We recently reported a new nanoprobe platform for cell labeling and imaging using fluorophore doped siloxane core nanoemulsions as dual modality ((1)H MRI/Fluorescence), dual-functional (oximetry/detection) nanoprobes. Here, we successfully demonstrate the labeling, dual-modality imaging, and oximetry of neural progenitor/stem cells (NPSCs) in vitro using this platform. Labeling at a concentration of 10 μL/10(4) cells with a 40%v/v polydimethylsiloxane core nanoemulsion, doped with rhodamine, had minimal effect on viability, no effect on migration, proliferation and differentiation of NPSCs and allowed for unambiguous visualization of labeled NPSCs by (1)H MR and fluorescence and local pO2 reporting by labeled NPSCs. This new approach for cell labeling with a positive contrast (1)H MR probe has the potential to improve mechanistic knowledge of current therapies, and guide the design of future cell therapies due to its clinical translatability.
Characters in context: molluscan shells and the forces that mold them

Abstract The characters and body parts of organisms are shaped by mechanical forces at two temporal scales. At the ontogenetic scale, the relevant forces are those of every day, exerted by muscles, other metabolism-powered processes, and normal interactions between the body and the external environment. At the phylogenetic scale, forces are strong enough to kill some individuals or to cause reproductive failure. These forces act more intermittently. I explore these ideas by examining the characters of molluscan shells, which grow by the addition of skeletal material along the rim of the open end of a hollow, conical tube that is closed at its narrow (apical) end. In the idealized case of a null shell, the skeleton is a right circular cone, in which the magnitude and direction of growth are the same at each point along the rim. The rate of expansion of the cone is determined by the shell-builder's metabolism. Real shell-builders are exposed to, and themselves exert, forces that affect shell shape. These fo...
Field and laboratory tests that associate heat with mortality of tracheal mites

SUMMARYTwelve white and 12 dark (unpainted) hives were set up in a sunny location in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, on 7 May 1992. Each hive received a uniform colony of 5 048 ± 125 (mean ± s.d.) honey bees (Apis mellifera) that had been established from a single, artificially mixed population; 38% of the bees were infested with tracheal mites (Acarapis woodi). During June and July, bees produced more brood and honey in white hives than in dark hives. On 5 August, dark hives contained fewer tracheal mites than white hives; mites were found in 1 dark and 10 white hives (P < 0.001). In summer, the temperature in the space between brood combs in the dark hives often exceeded 40°C; maximum temperatures in the brood areas of dark and white hives, were 45°C and 38°C respectively. Laboratory tests showed that heat can kill tracheal mites inside live bees. A single six-hour exposure of bees to 42°C, a condition comparable to the short periods of high temperature encountered in field colonies, significantly reduced ...
DIFFERENTIATION OF OROFACIAL PAIN RELATED TO LYME DISEASE FROM OTHER DENTAL AND FACIAL PAIN DISORDERS

The diagnostic process for the orofacial pain patient is often perplexing. Compounding the process of solving a diagnostic mystery is the multiplicity of etiologic factors. The propensity for Lyme disease to present with symptoms mimicking dental and temporomandibular disorders makes the task even more complex. It is hoped that the reader is cognizant of the fact that a pathologic process of dental structures--the teeth and their attachments to the mandible and maxilla, the temporomandibular joints, masticatory musculature, and vascular supply and sensory innervation of the oromandibular anatomy--may also be the source of facial pain. Although unique, similar complaints may also be manifestations of other causes, including pain associated with Lyme disease. The informed and fastidious clinician does not overlook these possibilities when evaluating the headache and facial pain patient. The clinician should be equipped with the knowledge and minimal armamentarium to evaluate the patient appropriately. To paraphrase from Sherlock Holmes, we must first eliminate the impossible, whatever is left is the truth, no matter how unlikely. A differential diagnosis must be achieved based on clinical experience, unbiased observations, and probability.
Immovable Property Act, (1981) of the Bahamas: a Commentary

The Government is implementing a new land policy. As a matter of policy, the Government has decided that Bahamian land will not be sold to foreigners. It is envisaged that there will Be exceptions to this policy when land is to be used for residential purposes by approved residents, and then only so much as is necessary for that purpose, and also where land is to be used for approved industrial or other developmental purposes having regard to the contribution that may be made to the development of the Bahamian economy and in accordance with Bahamian development goals. Although discretion is allowed in a wide area, land’ may not be sold to foreigners in the following cases: (A) Where land is adjacent to or near existing settlements or towns in the Family Islands as this will stand in the way of future expansion of such settlements; (B). Where land is b.eing sold or otherwise transferred by gift, will, ancestry or otherwise to a foreign government or agency except to the extent that foreign governments having diplomatic relations with the Bahamas will be allowed to acquire land sufficient for their needs; and (C) Where large tracts of land, islands and cays are being sold to foreigners except where prior approval for land use and economic development have been obtained.
Redefining the metamorphic history of the oldest rocks in the southern Rocky Mountains

Proterozoic rocks exposed in the Rocky Mountains of New Mexico record the history of the assembly of North America, providing insight into crustal growth, accretion, and recycling. Here, we present six well-constrained Lu-Hf garnet ages showing that regional amphibolite-facies metamorphism and deformation occurred between 1.46 and 1.40 Ga. The samples come from the kyanite, sillimanite, and andalusite zones of the “Al 2 SiO 5 triple-point terrane” of northern New Mexico. Porphyroblast-matrix textures in dated samples provide definitive evidence for garnet growth during three phases of deformation associated with crustal thickening during the development of a regional-scale north-vergent contractional orogenic belt. The development of first-generation deformation fabrics is constrained to a period between 1.46 and ca. 1.45 Ga; second-generation deformation fabrics are constrained to the period 1.42−1.40 Ga; and third-generation fabrics were formed after ca. 1.40 Ga. Our results demonstrate that crustal-scale structures and regional metamorphism in northern New Mexico are both the result of a Mesoproterozoic orogenic event, the Picuris orogeny. We found no evidence for amphibolite-facies metamorphism during the Paleoproterozoic Mazatzal or Yavapai orogenies in northern New Mexico.
Departmental Specialization at a Small College

(1970). Departmental Specialization at a Small College. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 77, No. 10, pp. 1103-1105.
Libertando o discurso sobre Deus: pós-colonialismo e o desafio das margens

In the context of post-colonial studies and subaltern studies, multiple aspects of pressure and repression must be considered. First-world persons should take a cue from the margins and participate in these studies, especially in the academy. Among the aspects of pressure and repression, religion must be studied, as it has been an instrument of colonial domination; this calls for Religious Studies. But there is more: the truth itself, not the abstract or universal truth but the truth of repressed persons and pressed bodies; that truth is liberating. God’s preferential option for the poor is present in post-colonial studies, and must be reflected on theologically: it is not a flip-flop from God on the colonists’ side to God on the side of the colonized but something more profound. As God-talk is properly used, it protects scholars and activists from committing some familiar errors.
An isotopic measurement of vitamin B12 in cerebrospinal fluid.

The competitive inhibition radioisotopic assay of serum vitamin B12 has been adapted for the measurement of cerebrospinal fluid B12. The relatively low CSF B12 levels (1/20 to 1/30 that of serum) necessitated increased sensitivity. This was achieved by using a smaller amount of the labeled B12 for the competitive inhibition, prolonging the incubation time for interaction between B12 and the binding protein, and eliminating the potential for nonspecific binding by maintaining sterility. Proportional dilution studies demonstrated that normal CSF did not contain interfering substances. The range of normal was 8 to 36 pg. per ml. (mean 17.8 pg. per ml.). All of the patients deficient in vitamin B12 studied to date have had reduced CSF B12 values. There was no correlation between CSF B12 and CSF protein or serum B12.
On Being Rather than Doing in Psychotherapy

(1958). On Being Rather than Doing in Psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 115-122.
Pulmonary resection for a traumatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Case report.

Despite the frequency of penetrating chest wounds, pulmonary arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are extremely rare. A case is reported in which an AV fistula was successfully managed by lobectomy 33 years following a combat missile injury.
Book review: Mental Leaps: Analogy in Creative Thought By Keith J. Holyoak and Paul Thagard (The MIT Press, 1995)

The work behind this excellent and thorough treatise on analogy began during the authors' days in graduate school over 20 years ago. Holyoak, now professor of Psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Thagard, Professor of Philosophy and Adjunct Professor of Psychology and Computer Science at the University of Waterloo, have produced a gem of a book. Commencing with an explanation of their theory of analogy, the book contains a wealth of information, particularly on the development of analogical thought in young humans as well as in lower mammals.
Genetics of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 Syndromes

Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes types 1 and 2 represent well-characterized yet clinically heterogeneous hereditary conditions for which diagnostic and management recommendations exist; genetic testing for these inherited endocrinopathies is included in these guidelines and is an important part of identifying affected patients and their family members. Understanding of these mature syndromes is challenged as more individuals undergo genetic testing and genetic data are amassed, with the potential to create clinical conundrums that may have an impact on individualized approaches to management and counseling. Clinicians who diagnose and treat patients with MEN syndromes should be aware of these possibilities.
Oral fluid testing for marijuana intoxication: enhancing objectivity for roadside DUI testing

Reducing marijuana-impaired driving is an important part of any strategy to prevent motor vehicle traffic injuries. In Colorado, the first of eight US states and the District of Columbia to legalise marijuana for recreational use, drivers with positive tests for the presence of marijuana accounted for a larger proportion of fatal MVCs after marijuana commercialisation. The use of blood tests to screen for marijuana intoxication, in Colorado and elsewhere in the USA, poses a number of challenges. Many high-income countries use oral fluid drug testing (OF) to provide roadside evidence of marijuana intoxication. A 2009 Belgium policy implementing OF roadside testing increased true positives and decreased false positives of suspected marijuana-related driving under the influence (DUI) arrests. US policy-makers should consider using roadside OF to increase objectivity and reliability for tests used in marijuana-related DUI arrests.
Redefinition of Symbolanthus to include Wurdackanthuis (Gentianaceae--Helieae)

The genus Wurdackanthus (Gentianaceae-Helieae) comprises two species restricted to northern South America. Wurdackanthus argyreus is a narrowly distributed species on tepuis of southern Venezuela and northern Brazil, and W: frigidus only occurs in the Lesser Antilles. Recent phylogenetic investigations have shown that Wurdackanthus is paraphyletic with respect to Symbolanthus7 and that no clear morphological distinction exists between these two genera. These two genera share several unique morphological, anatomical, and molecular synapomorphies, such as (1) pollen released as tetrads and with a coarsely reticulated exine, especially in the equatorial zone (Symbolanthus-type pollen); (2) elongated dome-like seed testa cells; and (3) molecular characters from the trnL intron, matK, internal transgenic spacer (ITS), and 5S non-transcribed spacer (5S-NTS) DNA regions. Based on the concept of monophyly and the presence of structural support, we here include Wurdackanthus in Symbolanthus and provide new synonymy. The new combinations Symbolanthus argyreus (Maguire) Struwe & K. Gould and S. frigidus (Swartz) Struwe & K. Gould are made herein. RESUMEN. E1 genero Wurdackanthus (Gentianaceae-Helieae) comprende dos especies restringidas al norte de Sur America. Wurdackanthus argyreus se distribuye en los tepuis del sur de Venezuela y norte del Brasil y t frigidus se encuentra unicamente en las Antillas menores. Investigaciones recientes sobre la filogenia del grupo han mostrado que Wurdackanth us es parafiletic o en relaci on a Symbolanthus, y que no existen tampoco diferencias morfologicas claras entre los dos generos. Los dos generos comparten varias sinapomorffas morfologicas, anatomicas y moleculares tales como (1) polen en tetradas y con exina abruptamente reticulada, especialmente en la zona ecuatorial (polen NOVON 14: 354-359. 2004. del tipo Symbolanthus), (2) celulas de la cubierta seminal elongadas en forma de domo y (3) caracteres moleculares en las regiones de ADN del intron trnL, matK, del espaciador interno transgenico (ITS), y del espaciador no transcriptor 5S (5S-NTS). Con base en el concepto de monofflia y de la presencia de soporte estructural, incluimos Wurdackanthus en Symbolanthus y presentamos la nueva sinonimia. Se publican ademas las combinaciones nuevas Symbolanthus argyreus (Maguire) Struwe & K. Gould y S. frigidus (Swartz) Struwe & K. Gould.
Paenibacillus larvae subspecies with dissimilar virulence patterns also group by vegetative growth characteristics and enolase isozyme biochemical properties

Abstract Paenibacillus larvae – the causal agent of American foul brood disease in Honey bees – group to different subspecies based upon disease progression and virulence as well as by molecular genotype. Vegetative growth studies reveal that virulence-grouped subspecies arrive at different saturated cell densities. In addition, strains segregating based upon virulence phenotype contain different genotypes in the locus encoding for the key glycolytic enzyme enolase. DNA sequence comparison of enolase loci from 7 Paenibacillus larvae strains identified 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that segregated based on subspecies virulence classification. Only one polymorphism represented a change in amino acid coding (glycine or alanine) at position 331 of the protein. The kinetic properties of two recombinant enolase proteins expressed from enolase alleles isolated from different virulence classed strains (P. larvae ATCC 9545 and SAG 10367) yielded a Km and of 4.2 μM and 1.5 μM and Vmax of 16.2 μmol min− 1 mg− 1 and 10.8 μmol min− 1 mg− 1, respectively. Enolase from P. larvae SAG 10367 had a maximum reaction velocity lower than and a specificity constant approximately 1.6 × higher than that of P. larvae ATCC 9545.
Withering syndrome susceptibility of northeastern Pacific abalones: A complex relationship with phylogeny and thermal experience.

Abstract Population declines in wild and cultured abalones (Haliotis spp.) due to a bacterial disease called withering syndrome (WS) have been documented along the northeastern Pacific Ocean. However, observed differences in species susceptibility to the disease are not well understood. Here, we examined the susceptibility of three temperate abalone species, the cool water (4–14 °C) pinto or northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana), the intermediate water (8–18 °C) red abalone (H. rufescens), and the warm water (12–23 °C) pink abalone (H. corrugata), to experimental WS infection at temperatures facilitating disease proliferation. Mortality data paired with histological and molecular detection of the WS pathogen confirmed that these abalone species exhibit different levels of susceptibility to infection and resistance to WS development ranging from high susceptibility and low resistance in pinto abalone to moderate/low susceptibility and resistance in red and pink abalones. The temperature associated with WS induced mortalities also varied among species: pinto abalone died at the lowest experimental temperature (17.32 ± 0.09 °C), while red abalone died at an intermediate temperature (17.96 ± 0.16 °C), and pink abalone required the highest temperature (18.84 ± 0.16 °C). When data from the current and previous studies were examined, susceptibility to WS was inversely related to phylogenetic distance from white abalone (H. sorenseni), which had the highest susceptibility and lowest resistance of all abalone species tested prior to the current study. These results provide further evidence that an abalone’s thermal optima and phylogenetic relationship can determine its susceptibility to WS; species with cool water evolutionary histories are most susceptible to WS and the most susceptible species appear to be closely related. Differences among the thermal ranges of abalone species have broad implications for WS disease dynamics and highlight the importance of understanding the mechanisms governing the abalone-WS relationship in order to properly manage declining abalone populations.
Design and application of truck-mounted rig for coalbed methane

The coal-bed methane can be a security risk in mining process if the coalbed methane resources outburst from the coal seam. The treatment of coalbed methane resources in the early stage of coal mining is not only a safe and efficient treatment of coal mine, but also brings clean and efficient energy. The development of coalbed methane resources is paid more and more attention by the government. In view of the current large-scale exploitation of coal-bed methane resources, the development of a coalbed methane drilling to meet the requirements of the drilling rig. The rig uses a highly integrated approach that integrates the required functions on the chassis of the vehicle to meet the needs of rapid installation and transitions. Drilling control system uses hydraulic control and electro-hydraulic control dual control mode, can achieve short-range and remote control operations. Through the experiment, it is shown that the rig can meet the construction of the majority of coalbed methane drilling rigs in the country and the performance is stable and the operation is simple.
Severe isolated aortic stenosis with normal left ventricular systolic function and low transvalvular gradients: pathophysiologic and prognostic insights.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY A significant proportion of patients with severe valvular aortic stenosis (AS) and preserved left ventricular (LV) systolic function have low transvalvular gradients. The study aim was to determine the mechanisms and outcome of patients with this hemodynamic profile of AS. METHODS Among 1,679 patients who underwent transthoracic echocardiography for the evaluation of AS at the authors' institution, 215 (105 females, 110 males; mean age: 77 +/- 10 years) had isolated AS (mean aortic valve area index 0.39 +/- 0.1 cm2/m2), normal sinus rhythm and normal LV ejection fraction. The mean follow up was 23 +/- 12 months, and the end-points were mortality, aortic valve replacement (AVR), or mortality or AVR. RESULTS Forty-seven patients had a transvalvular mean gradient (MG) or = 30 mmHg (MG(high)). Compared to MG(high), the MG(low) group had a higher prevalence of hypertension, lower LV end-diastolic volume index (47 +/- 9 versus 56 +/- 12 ml/m2, p <0.0001), lower LV stroke vol-ume index (37 +/- 12 versus 41 +/- 11 ml/beat, p <0.0002), a lesser severity of stenosis (aortic valve area index 0.37 +/- 0.09 versus 0.46 +/- 0.09 cm2/m2, p <0.0001) and a higher systemic vascular resistance (2163 +/- 754 versus 1879 +/- 528 dyne cm s(-5). The LV end-diastolic volume index, systemic vascular resistance and energy loss index were predictors of MG <30 mmHg (OR = 0.30, 95% CI, 0.12, 0.62; OR = 3.05, 95% CI, 1.71, 6.26; and OR = 6.76, 95% CI, 3.44,15.38, respectively). MG <30 mmHg (MGhigh) was associated with almost 50% lower referral to surgery and a two-fold increase in preoperative mortality. CONCLUSION In severe AS with a normal LV ejection fraction, MG <30 mmHg is related to a lesser severity of stenosis, a smaller LV volume, a lower flow rate and a higher systemic vascular resistance. Compared to the MG(high) group, these patients were less frequently referred to surgery and had a higher mortality.
On subset-sum-distinct sequences

We use Tomic’s inequality to show some interesting properties of subset-sum-distinct sequences including an elementary proof of a theorem of Steele, Hanson, and Stenger. Also, we comment on a theorem of L. Moser.
The Hand and Wrist: Acquired Disorders

This chapter discusses the clinical and imaging characteristics of acquired lesions that are encountered in the pediatric hand and wrist. The first section addresses three categories of fractures: radial and ulnar fractures, carpal bone fractures, and hand fractures. The second section focuses on overuse injuries including Kienbock osteonecrosis, gymnast wrist, and ulnocarpal impaction. Disorders involving tendons and ligaments are then discussed, addressing tendon pathology in the extensor compartments, trigger thumb, carpal instability, the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb, and the triangular fibrocartilage complex. Following this in-depth section on tendons and ligaments, imaging of neurovascular injuries and ganglion cysts is addressed. The chapter closes with a discussion of burns and frostbite.
Determinants of Earnings Persistence and Predictability for Lodging Properties

Accounting earnings are used extensively in the lodging industry for the purposes of incentive contracting, credit assessment, and valuation but we know little about the attributes of lodging prope...
Dichotomies in the Development and Implementation of Digital Mental Health Tools.

The uptake and clinical adoption of digital mental health tools, such as smartphone apps, remain limited. Although some technology barriers remain, the greatest challenges are no longer technical. ...
Toward Stable Deep-Blue Luminescent Colloidal Lead Halide Perovskite Nanoplatelets: Systematic Photostability Investigation

Colloidal lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and nanoplatelets have emerged as promising semiconductor nanomaterials because of their spectral tunability, facile processability, and bright emissio...
Philosophising the Dialogos Way towards Wisdom in Education: Between Critical Thinking and Spiritual Contemplation

Philosophising the Dialogos Way towards Wisdom in Education proposes the innovative and holistic Dialogos approach to practical philosophy as a way of facilitating wisdom-oriented pedagogy. The book encourages individual and collective development through dialectical interplays between personal life, philosophical concepts and subject matter. Based on two decades of the author’s reflective pedagogical practice research, this book develops a philosophy of dialogical relationships. It analyses approaches to philosophical practice and suggests facilitation moves and philosophical exercises that can be adapted across educational levels, school subjects and higher education disciplines. Chapters provide examples of transformative philosophical group dialogues and suggest pathways towards multi perspective thinking, mutual understanding and wisdom in culturally diverse contexts. Philosophising the Dialogos Way towards Wisdom in Education can be used as a holistic approach to democracy education, peace education, education for sustainable living and wellbeing. The book will be of great interest to academics, researchers and students in the fields of teacher education, philosophy of education and higher education. It will also appeal to practising professionals such as teachers and teacher educators in secondary and higher education.
Crystal Structure of TaCr2 and CbCr2.

Abstract : It is shown in the present study that the only intermediate phase in both the tantalum-chromium and the columbium-chromium systems corresponds to the ideal stoichiometric ratio TaCr2 or CbCr2. Both structures are cubic, MgCu2 type. At high temperature, however, TaCr2 has a hexagonal MgZn2 type of structure, which can be retained at room temperature by fast cooling.
Postoperative Cognitive Decline

Due to a combination of advancing medical technology and the increasing age of the adult population, more adults are pursuing surgical intervention, particularly elective surgery, than ever before. Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) describes either a transient or chronic change in cognitive function that comes as a result of anesthesia or surgical intervention and that and can occur at any age. POCD has a significant impact on functioning and quality of life. While there is variable reporting of POCD outcomes, it appears that POCD particularly affects executive function and memory. Emerging evidence suggests that modification to certain surgical procedures and methods to reduce inflammation during surgery might improve cognitive outcomes after surgery. Although an understanding of POCD, its risk and protective factors, and its duration is still in its infancy, neuropsychology can offer a valuable assessment of the risk of POCD and represents a valuable contribution to the presurgical evaluation.
Multiplanet disc interactions in binary systems

We investigate the evolution of a multi--planet--disc system orbiting one component of a binary star system. The planet--disc system is initially coplanar but misaligned to the binary orbital plane. The planets are assumed to be giants that open gaps in the disc. We first study the role of the disc in shaping the mutual evolution of the two planets using a secular model for low initial tilt. In general we find that the planets and the disc do not remain coplanar, in agreement with Lubow & Martin (2016) for the single planet case. Instead, the planets and the disc undergo tilt oscillations. A high mass disc between the two planets causes the planets and the disc to nodally precess at the same average rate but they are generally misaligned. The amplitude of the tilt oscillations between the planets is larger while the disc is present. We then consider higher initial tilts using hydrodynamical simulations and explore the possibility of the formation of eccentric Kozai-Lidov (KL) planets. We find that the inner planet's orbit undergoes eccentricity growth for a large range of disc masses and initial misalignments. For a low disc mass and large initial misalignment both planets and the disc can undergo KL oscillations. Furthermore, we find that sufficiently massive discs can cause the inner planet to increase its inclination beyond $90^{\circ}$ and therefore to orbit the binary in a retrograde fashion. The results have important implications for the explanation of very eccentric planets and retrograde planets observed in multi-planet systems.
Improved endothelial-dependent and endothelial-independent skin vasodilator responses following remote ischemic preconditioning

Repeated RIPC increases the cutaneous vasodilatory response to local heating and to sodium nitroprusside but not to acetylcholine. Thus, endothelial-independent and local heating-mediated cutaneous...
Towards Ubiquitous Privacy Decision Support: Machine Prediction of Privacy Decisions in IoT

We present a mechanism to predict privacy decisions of users in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, through data mining and machine learning techniques. To construct predictive models, we tested several different machine learning models, combinations of features, and model training strategies on human behavioral data collected from an experience-sampling study. Experimental results showed that a machine learning model called linear model and deep neural networks (LMDNN) outperforms conventional methods for predicting users’ privacy decisions for various IoT services. We also found that a feature vector, composed of both contextual parameters and privacy segment information, provides LMDNN models with the best predictive performance. Lastly, we proposed a novel approach called one-size-fits-segment modeling, which provides a common predictive model to a segment of users who share a similar notion of privacy. We confirmed that one-size-fits-segment modeling outperforms previous approaches, namely individual and one-size-fits-all modeling. From a user perspective, our prediction mechanism takes contextual factors embedded in IoT services into account and only utilizes a small amount of information polled from the users. It is therefore less burdensome and privacy-invasive than the other mechanisms. We also discuss practical implications for building predictive models that make privacy decisions on behalf of users in IoT.
Longitudinal Changes in Food Addiction Symptoms and Body Weight among Adults in a Behavioral Weight-Loss Program

Interest in food addiction (FA) has increased, but little is known about its clinical implications or potential treatments. Using secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the associations between changes in FA, body weight, and "problem food" consumption during a 22-month behavioral weight-loss program consisting of an initial four-month in-person intervention, 12-month extended-care, and six-month follow-up (n = 182). Food addiction was measured using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. "Problem foods" were identified from the literature and self-reporting. Multilevel modeling was used as the primary method of analysis. We hypothesized that reductions in problem food consumption during the initial treatment phase would be associated with long-term (22-month) FA reductions. As expected, we found that reductions in problem foods were associated with greater initial reductions in FA symptoms; however, they were also associated with a sharper rebound in symptoms over time (p = 0.016), resulting in no significant difference at Month 22 (p = 0.856). Next, we hypothesized that long-term changes in FA would be associated with long-term changes in body weight. Although both FA and weight decreased over time (ps 0.05). Given the complexity of the findings, more research is needed to identify interventions for long-term changes in FA and to elucidate the associations between problem foods, FA, and weight.
Adding venetoclax to fludarabine/busulfan RIC transplant for high risk MDS and AML is feasible, safe, and active.

Adding the selective BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax to reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) chemotherapy (fludarabine and busulfan, FluBu2) may enhance anti-leukemic cytotoxicity and thereby reduce the risk of post-transplant relapse. This phase 1 study investigated the recommended phase 2 (RP2D) of venetoclax, a BCL-2 selective inhibitor, when added to FluBu2 in adult patients with high risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), and MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) undergoing transplant. Patients received dose-escalated venetoclax (200-400 mg daily starting day -8 for 6-7 doses) in combination with fludarabine 30 mg/m2/day for four doses and busulfan 0.8 mg/kg twice daily for eight doses on day -5 to -2 (FluBu2). Transplant related-toxicity was evaluated from the first venetoclax dose on day -8 to +28. Twenty-two patients were treated. At study entry, 5 MDS and MDS/MPN patients had 5-10% marrow blasts and 18/22 (82%) had a persistent detectable mutation. Grade 3 adverse events included mucositis, diarrhea and liver transaminitis (N=3 each). Neutrophil/platelet recovery and acute/chronic GVHD rates were similar to standard FluBu2. No DLTs were observed. The RP2D of venetoclax was 400 mg daily for 7 doses. With a median follow-up of 14.7 months (8.6-24.8 months), median overall survival was not reached, and progression free survival was 12.2 months (95% CI: 6.0 months, not estimable). In high risk AML, MDS, and MDS/MPN patients, adding venetoclax to FluBu2 was feasible and safe. To further address relapse risk, assessment of maintenance therapy after venetoclax plus FluBu2 transplant is on-going. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03613532.
Cost-Benefit Analysis and Resource Implications of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Confocal Endomicroscopy in Pancreatic Cysts

Abstract Background and Aims : EUS-guided needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) improves the diagnostic accuracy of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) but concerns regarding its expense have limited widespread adoption of this technology. We conducted a cost-benefit analysis to assess the healthcare resource implications of adding EUS-nCLE to the standard of care (SOC) management of PCLs. Methods : A post-hoc analysis of a prospective study (2015-2018) evaluating EUS-nCLE for the diagnosis of PCLs was performed. The SOC diagnosis was based on clinical history, PCL morphology, and cyst fluid analysis. A minimum of 5-years of surveillance was included, the cost of EUS and MRI/MRCP was derived from institutional billing data (US$), and the total hospital costs (adjusted for inflation) for pancreatic operations were derived from the National (US) Readmission Database. Results : A reference diagnosis was available in 93 subjects (mean cyst size=36.4±15.7 mm; surgical histopathology, n=67 and diagnostic molecular markers in cyst fluid, n=26). SOC and nCLE were discordant in 13 (14%) subjects. The addition of nCLE led to 11 subjects being clinically downstaged from mucinous to non-mucinous not warranting surgery (total cost savings= $1,080,418), 1 subject upstaged from non-mucinous to mucinous, warranting surgical resection (cost savings of 5-years surveillance: $46,200), and 1 subject incorrectly classified as non-mucinous (cost excess of 5-years surveillance: $46,200). Overall, the addition of nCLE led to a net savings of $ 442,438 (mean: $ 4,757.40 /patient) for this cohort. Conclusions : EUS-nCLE is potentially cost-beneficial in the management of PCLs (≥ 3 cm) by preventing at least one unnecessary pancreatic surgery for every ten subjects undergoing evaluation by current practices. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02516488.
A Novel PCB-Embedded Coupled Inductor Structure for Integrated Voltage Regulator

As portable devices become smaller and thinner, an integrated voltage regulator (IVR) can save space and improve the efficiency of the whole system dramatically, thereby becoming a promising solution to power microprocessors. However, its high-frequency magnetic design is quite challenging and usually becomes the bottleneck. In previous work, a novel, two-phase coupled inductor structure with unsymmetrical through-core conductor distribution was demonstrated as a good candidate due to its small loss, footprint, and low profile. In this paper, the unique coupling mechanism of this specific structure is revealed, based on an equivalent circuit model to fully explore its benefits. Then, a four-phase integrated inductor is proposed to further improve inductor performance by utilizing flux cancellation. To realize a fully integrated three-dimensional IVR, PCB-embedded inductor samples are fabricated and tested experimentally. Compared with other state-of-art solutions, the proposed inductor structure integrates four inductors into one magnetic core with much smaller dc resistance and large inductance density.
What is Public Use? Eminent Domain and the Kelo Decision

This paper discusses the concept of public use following the Supreme Court decision in the eminent domain case of Kelo v. City of New London. The majority of the Court now equates public use to public purpose and approves of the Connecticut local economic development statute. The Kelo decision has generated considerable controversy. It is suggested that one approach to the resolution of the issue is the application of the economist’s dual tests for the efficacy of public intervention in the private economy—existence of market failure and benefits that exceed costs.
Quantum Mechanics of Electron — Atom Scattering

Collisions between free electrons and atoms, molecules, and their ions are a driving mechanism for many processes of great practical importance and scientific interest. In complex excited media, ranging from stellar atmospheres to laser systems, these processes can be analyzed and understood only if the various competing subprocesses are correctly characterized. This book is concerned with quantitative theoretical methods that have helped to elucidate one class of such subprocesses—scattering of electrons by neutral atoms at energies below the ionization threshold.
Characterization of the bradykinin-stimulated calcium influx pathway of cultured vascular endothelial cells. Saturability, selectivity, and kinetics.

Abstract Measurement of fura-2 fluorescence and 45Ca2+ uptake was used to evaluate Ca2+ influx in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) stimulated by bradykinin (BK). The BK-stimulated influx pathway was characterized with respect to its 1) sensitivity to extracellular Ca2+, 2) inhibition by membrane depolarization, and 3) permeability to Ba2+ and Sr2+. The results indicate that the activity of the influx pathway is a saturable function of extracellular Ca2+ and that membrane depolarization inhibits Ca2+ influx by changing the apparent affinity and maximal capacity of the pathway for Ca2+. Fura-2 fluorescence was used to compare the profiles for BK-stimulated changes in cytosolic Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ (Ca2+i, Ba2+i, and Sr2+i). Addition of Ca2+ and Sr2+ to Ca2+-depleted cells in the presence of BK produced a transient increase in Ca2+i and Sr2+i. Following the peak of the response, Ca2+i and Sr2+i declined within 2 min to a steady elevated level. Blockade of influx by the addition of La3+ at the peak of the response to Ca2+ and Sr2+ immediately reduced Ca2+i and Sr2+i to basal levels. Addition of Ba2+ to Ca2+-depleted cells in the presence of BK produced an increase in Ba2+i which continued to rise with time to a steady level. Addition of La3+ after Ba2+, however, did not reduce Ba2+i. These results suggest that 1) Ca2+ and Sr2+ (but not Ba2+) are sequestered by intracellular mechanisms and that the declining phase of the Ca2+ and Sr2+ response reflects a time and divalent cation-dependent inactivation of the influx pathway. The inactivation of the influx pathway was further demonstrated by measuring the kinetics of BK-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake into BAECs. The results of these experiments demonstrate that BK stimulates a 100- to 150-fold increase in Ca2+ permeability of the BAEC but that the influx pathway turns off or inactivates within 2 min. The magnitude of the flux, the voltage sensitivity, and the ability to conduct Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ are suggestive of a channel mechanism.
Measuring dynamic cell–material interactions and remodeling during 3D human mesenchymal stem cell migration in hydrogels

Biomaterials that mimic aspects of the extracellular matrix by presenting a 3D microenvironment that cells can locally degrade and remodel are finding increased applications as wound-healing matrices, tissue engineering scaffolds, and even substrates for stem cell expansion. In vivo, cells do not simply reside in a static microenvironment, but instead, they dynamically reengineer their surroundings. For example, cells secrete proteases that degrade extracellular components, attach to the matrix through adhesive sites, and can exert traction forces on the local matrix, causing its spatial reorganization. Although biomaterials scaffolds provide initially well-defined microenvironments for 3D culture of cells, less is known about the changes that occur over time, especially local matrix remodeling that can play an integral role in directing cell behavior. Here, we use microrheology as a quantitative tool to characterize dynamic cellular remodeling of peptide-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels that degrade in response to cell-secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This technique allows measurement of spatial changes in material properties during migration of encapsulated cells and has a sensitivity that identifies regions where cells simply adhere to the matrix, as well as the extent of local cell remodeling of the material through MMP-mediated degradation. Collectively, these microrheological measurements provide insight into microscopic, cellular manipulation of the pericellular region that gives rise to macroscopic tracks created in scaffolds by migrating cells. This quantitative and predictable information should benefit the design of improved biomaterial scaffolds for medically relevant applications.
Purification of heat-labile enterotoxin from four Escherichia coli strains by affinity immunoadsorbent: evidence for similar subunit structure.

Abstract A single-step method for the purification of heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli is described. The method involves an affinity immunoadsorbent made with antiserum to cholera toxin. Crude toxin preparations of three human and one porcine enterotoxinogenic strains of E. coli were purified on this immunoadsorbent, and the elution products suggest that the toxin molecule is composed of subunits. One kind of subunit shared by these four strains showed similar mobility of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, close antigenic relationship, and an antigen in common with cholera enterotoxin.
Multimodal Genre Systems in EAP Writing Pedagogy: Reflecting on a Needs Analysis

This article reports on a genre-based needs analysis for a graduate course in English for academic purposes (EAP) at a large public U.S. university. In particular, it describes the theoretical reconceptualizations of genre analysis that the data provoked. Using ethnographic methods, an investigation of academic genres in several classrooms in three academic disciplines (civil and environmental engineering, architecture, and music) found three complexities that challenged the original premises of the needs analysis: (a) that academic genres existed in genre sets and systems that involved process and pedagogical genres as well as genres of disciplinary or academic presentation; (b) that genres were routinely multimodal in process and form; and (c) that the discursive character of particular texts was routinely quite hybrid. This article discusses and illustrates each of these findings and argues for understanding them as dimensions of multimodal genre systems.
Physical Activity Is Linked to Greater Moment-To-Moment Variability in Spontaneous Brain Activity in Older Adults.

Higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) in old age are associated with greater brain structural and functional integrity, and higher cognitive functioning. However, it is not known how different aspects of lifestyle such as sedentariness, light PA (LI-PA), or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MV-PA) relate to neural activity in aging. In addition, it is not known whether the effects of PA on brain function differ or overlap with those of CRF. Here, we objectively measured CRF as oxygen consumption during a maximal exercise test and measured PA with an accelerometer worn for 7 days in 100 healthy but low active older adults (aged 60–80 years). We modeled the relationships between CRF, PA, and brain functional integrity using multivariate partial least squares analysis. As an index of functional brain integrity we used spontaneous moment-to-moment variability in the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal (SDBOLD), known to be associated with better cognitive functioning in aging. We found that older adults who engaged more in LI-PA and MV-PA had greater SDBOLD in brain regions that play a role in integrating segregated functional domains in the brain and benefit from greater CRF or PA, such as precuneus, hippocampus, medial and lateral prefrontal, and temporal cortices. Our results suggest that engaging in higher intensity PA may have protective effects on neural processing in aging. Finally, we demonstrated that older adults with greater overall WM microstructure were those showing more LI-PA and MV-PA and greater SDBOLD. We conclude that SDBOLD is a promising correlate of functional brain health in aging. Future analyses will evaluate whether SDBOLD is modifiable with interventions aimed to increase PA and CRF in older adults.