cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Live Forensics for HPC Systems: A Case Study on Distributed Storage Systems

Large-scale high-performance computing systems frequently experience a wide range of failure modes, such as reliability failures (e.g., hang or crash), and resource overload-related failures (e.g., congestion collapse), impacting systems and applications. Despite the adverse effects of these failures, current systems do not provide methodologies for proactively detecting, localizing, and diagnosing failures. We present Kaleidoscope, a near real-time failure detection and diagnosis framework, consisting of of hierarchical domain-guided machine learning models that identify the failing components, the corresponding failure mode, and point to the most likely cause indicative of the failure in near real-time (within one minute of failure occurrence). Kaleidoscope has been deployed on Blue Waters supercomputer and evaluated with more than two years of production telemetry data. Our evaluation shows that Kaleidoscope successfully localized 99.3% and pinpointed the root causes of 95.8% of 843 real-world production issues, with less than 0.01% runtime overhead.
A Rare Case of Congenitally Acquired Ocular Toxocariasis in A Five-Week-Old Infant.

Purpose: To report a case of strabismus in a five-week-old infant, likely secondary to a rare occurrence of congenitally acquired ocular toxocariasis.Methods: Retrospective case report.Results: A five-week-old male infant with left exotropia was referred to pediatric ophthalmology and to a vitreoretinal specialist. Fundoscopic examination revealed a granuloma with associated retinal folds and tractional retinal detachment typical for ocular toxocariasis. Serology revealed positivity for Toxocara antibodies, consistent with the clinical diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis.Conclusion: Ocular toxocariasis is typically thought to be secondary to acquired Toxocara infection secondary to fecal-oral transmission. In this case of early-onset strabismus secondary to ocular toxocariasis, it is hypothesized that this is a presentation of congenitally acquired toxocariasis.
Effects of Connectivity and Traffic Observability on an Adaptive Traffic Signal Control System

The effectiveness of adaptive signal control strategies depends on the level of traffic observability, which is defined as the ability of a signal controller to estimate traffic state from connecte...
Effect of Endodontic Access Preparation on Fracture Load of Translucent versus Conventional Zirconia Crowns with Varying Occlusal Thicknesses.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of endodontic access hole preparation on fracture resistance of translucent zirconia (5Y) and conventional zirconia crowns (3Y) with varying occlusal thicknesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) dies, representing a prepared tooth, were milled. Zirconia crowns with 1 mm thick axial walls and varying occlusal thicknesses were milled from 3Y (Cercon HT) or 5Y (Cercon XT) zirconia discs and sintered. 160 crowns were divided into 16 groups (n = 10 per group) based on the zirconia type (3Y, 5Y), occlusal thickness (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mm), and access hole preparation (with access hole, control). Crowns were cemented on the PMMA dies with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Rely X Luting Plus) under constant weight (500 g) and thermocycled for 10,000 cycles. In half of the samples, following 5000 cycles of thermocycling, a uniform endodontic access hole was created using a diamond bur and restored immediately with resin composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra, 3M ESPE). The fracture resistance of the specimens was tested on an Instron 5566 universal testing machine with a stainless steel ball indenter (9.0 mm dia.) and the maximum load before failure was recorded as fracture load (N). Three-way ANOVA testing examined the effect of zirconia type, occlusal thickness, and access hole preparation on fracture loads of the crowns. Statistical tests were two-sided and significance level was set at 95% (α = 0.05). RESULTS Fracture load was significantly affected by the type of zirconia, occlusal thickness, and access hole preparation (p < 0.001). Pairwise comparisons revealed that access hole preparation significantly reduced the fracture load of 3Y crowns with 0.5 or 1.0 mm of occlusal thickness and 5Y zirconia crowns with 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mm of occlusal thickness (p < 0.05). Increasing occlusal thickness reduced the effect of access hole preparation on fracture load. CONCLUSION Type of zirconia, occlusal thickness, and access hole preparation had significant effects on the fracture load of zirconia crowns. The effect of endodontic access was significant on the 3Y and 5Y zirconia crowns with ≤1.0 and ≤1.5 mm occlusal thicknesses, respectively.
Retention Assessment Of Core Operations Management Topics For Business Administration Students

To meet the new AACSB International standards regarding retention assessment and adequately determine if and what students are learning, this research presents a framework within which expected learning outcomes and specific learning are assessed. This paper presents the framework and describes how the process can be implemented with an application to retention assessment for the core operations management (OM) topics. Assessing core OM topics partially fulfills the AACSB International mandate of topical coverage and outcome assessment in the area of analytical decision making, which includes business statistics, financial analysis, and operations management. The study is of value to those who desire to better understand and implement assurance of learning or assessment in their programs.
The Catalyst-Assisted Epitaxial Growth of Ferromagnetic TiO 2 /TiN Nanowires

We report a novel method of growth for single-crystalline TiO2/TiN nanowires through oxidation of epitaxial TiN nanowires on Si/SiO2 (amorphous) and sapphire (crystalline) as practical substrates. We propose that the laser ablated Ti and N diffuse into molten Au to form TiN nano-dots where the growth rate of nanowires is directly proportional to the laser ablation flux due to high diffusion in molten Au. The TiN nanowires were grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition method using Au as a catalyst. The TiN nanowires were then oxidized to create TiO2/TiN core-shell nanowires. The growth of TiO2 (rutile) occurs by domain matching epitaxy paradigm in such a way that (002) planes of the TiO2 match with (200) plane of TiN, where the TiO2 thickness can be tuned by adjustment of oxidation time and temperature. This design provides a core-shell structure of TiO2/TiN integrated with silicon and sapphire substrates. The Rutile TiO2 nanowires show ferromagnetic behavior, while the as-grown TiN exhibits diamagnetic behavior. The SEM, TEM, and EBSD are used to characterize the microstructure and atomic alignments of TiO2 nanowires. The simple method of oxidation along with tunable magnetic properties provides benefits to many smart applications where the magnetic field can be used as an external stimulation.
IMS Fast Method for Large-Scale Signaling Analysis of Nonlinear Circuits Including Worst-Case Eye and Bit Error Rate Analysis

Signaling analysis of nonlinear circuits is challenging because it cannot rely on linear time invariant principles, while an exhaustive nonlinear simulation is computationally prohibitive for low bit error rates (BER). To find the worst-case eye as well as BER, an exhaustive approach requires nonlinear simulations of 2m bit patterns for a channel of m-bit memory, where $m$ can be larger than 100 in today's high-speed and high-performance design. In this work, we develop fast and accurate algorithms for large-scale signaling analysis of nonlinear circuits, including both worst-case eye and BER analysis. In the proposed algorithms, only O(k) nonlinear simulations are required, with $k$ much less than 2m and independent of 2m. While performing $k$ nonlinear simulations only, we find an accurate and efficient method to determine the probability density function of the nonlinear responses, from which accurate BER results can be obtained. Simulations of large-scale real-world nonlinear circuits demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and capacity of the proposed method.
Substance Use Disorders in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Clients: Assessment and Treatment

Acknowledgments1. Introduction2. Definitions and Prevalence3. Heterosexism4. Assessment5. Practice with Individuals6. Treatment Related to Specific Drugs7. Issues Related to Specific Age Groups8. Issues Related to Diversity9. Intervention Models10. Practice with Couples and Families11. Conclusions About Practice12. Case Study: A Lesbian Couple with a Substance Use Disorder13. Ethical and Legal Issues14. Policy and Legislative Issues15. The Future of the FieldReferencesIndex
Software Defaults as De Facto Regulation: The Case of Wireless APs

Today's internet presumes that individuals use software to make their own decisions to regulate spam, security, indecent content, and privacy. This emphasis assumes that individuals are both interested in and capable of setting filters, settings, and preferences. This assumption is worrying -- common sense and empirical evidence state that not everyone is so interested or so skilled. When regulatory decisions are left to individuals, for the unskilled the default settings are the law. Using evidence from the deployment of wireless routers, this study finds that defaults act as de facto regulation for the poor and poorly educated. Many have argued that software is a powerful form of regulation (e.g., Lessig, 2000) and that defaults in software regulate behavior, but empirical studies have been scarce. To empirically address the question of how significant default settings are in shaping behavior, this paper presents a large sample behavioral study of how people modify their 802.11 (“Wi-Fi”) wireless routers from two distinct sources. The first is a secondary analysis of WifiMaps.com, one of the largest online databases of wireless router information collected over four years (containing 400,000 routers). The second is an original wireless survey of portions of three census tracts in Chicago, selected as a diversity sample for contrast in education and income (containing 1,996 routers). We constructed lists of known default settings for specific brands and models, then identified those routers in the data using manufacturer-specific information that they transmit. In short, we find that the default settings for wireless routers are powerful. Media reports and instruction manuals have increasingly urged users to change defaults -- especially passwords, network names, and encryption settings. Despite this, only half of all users change any defaults at all on the most popular brand of router. Moreover, we find that when a manufacturer sets a default setting this produces 96-99% compliance, while 28-57% of users acted to change these same defaults when exhorted to do so. There is also a suggestion that those living in areas with lower incomes and levels of education are less likely to change defaults, although these data are not conclusive. It is not surprising that default settings shape behavior, but this study provides empirical evidence of how rarely people actually change default settings, even in the face of widespread advice to do so. That is, the authority of software trumps that of advice. Consequently, policymakers must acknowledge and address the power of software to act as de facto regulation — this begs for the consideration of defaults in discussions about “individual choice.”
An algorithm for directly fitting a moment-angle-angular velocity model to maximum voluntary muscular moments measured with an isokinetic dynamometer

Joint kinematics influence maximum voluntary muscular moment of force about ajoint, and can thereby have substantial effects on available muscle moment during dynamic activities. A model of maximum voluntary muscle moment as a function of joint angle and angular velocity has been described previously. Originally, a computational optimization approach was used to fit this model to muscle moment data collected using an isokinetic dynamometer. To make this model more practical and accessible, an algorithm was developed to directly determine the model parameters without requiring optimization. This algorithm was compared with the optimization method for fitting measured muscle moment data from six different lower limb exertions in 14 healthy adults. Both methods produced models that fit the measured moment data reasonably well (r2 typically > 0.75), and the direct calculation method reduced r2 only slightly compared to optimization (by an average of 1.14%). The direct calculation algorithm presented here may be preferable to the optimization approach used previously, as it displays comparable performance but requires less time and expertise to employ.
Quality assurance in analysis of cryogenically stored liver tissue specimens from the NIST National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank (NBSB).

Abstract Portions of liver tissue specimens originally stored in the National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank (NBSB) and analyzed between 1980 and 1987 were re-analyzed in 1997 using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for the determination of 17 trace elements. Duplicate portions of each specimen had been stored at two different temperatures. The first was stored in a liquid nitrogen vapor-cooled freezer at −150°C, standard NBSB storage conditions, and the other in an electric freezer maintained at −80°C. Two portions of seven livers from each storage temperature were re-analyzed for this work. Results showed no changes in trace element content as a function of storage temperature, within the uncertainty of the method used. Results from these analyses agreed with results of initial analyses for most analytes in most sub-samples. Of the exceptions, five were due, in part, to an incorrect basis mass for the initial sub-specimen of one tissue, five with variable Zn results were attributed to difficulties in peak fitting for this element during INAA data processing, and the remaining were isolated differences discussed in this paper. Results of this work indicate that specimen storage and processing protocols are adequate to prevent noticeable contamination of specimens with trace elements, with the exception of Cr. Variability in Cr content was observed for the liver tissues which may have been caused by Cr contamination of the samples by the Teflon mill. Analyses of portions of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1566a Oyster Tissue (certified in 1989) and SRM 1577a Bovine Liver (certified in 1982) were also included in this study for the purpose of quality control and to assess the stability of these freeze-dried powders that were stored at room temperature. No changes were observed in these materials.
An access pattern based energy management strategy for instruction caches

Increasing leakage energy consumption is an important problem for SOC-based platforms as such platforms rely on large on-chip SRAMs. While most of the previous techniques focus on hardware based leakage optimization, in this paper, we present an application access pattern oriented strategy for reducing instruction cache leakage energy. This strategy keeps track of the dynamic transitions between the procedures of a given application, and tries to keep the cache lines not used by the current procedure in a power-down state as much as possible. Our simulation results indicate significant savings in leakage energy.
Direct titration of ferricyanide in presence of zinc sulfate

Abstract A rapid oxidimetric method for nitrite estimation, based upon the titration of ferricyanide in presence of zinc sulfate in aqueous or very slightly alkaline medium with a solution of sodium or potassium nitrite is described. Complete decolorization of the solution marks the end-point. The presence of large quantities of nitrate causes no interference
Recent results in InGaP Schottky diodes and GaP FETs

The paper presents the recent results in InGaP Schottky diodes and GaP FET. InAs/InGaP semiconductor-semiconductor (S-S) Schottky rectifiers was proposed to utilize the thermal stability of the semiconductor-semiconductor interface and it displayed ideal Schottky diode characteristics. In the stability test the diode withstands temperature up to 600 /spl deg/C. Ga-P based MESFET is simpler in fabrication and faster in response as a majority-carrier device. The current-voltage characteristics of the gate Schottky diode showed low reverse leakage current before breakdown. Wide band gap and high minority carrier lifetime for an indirect bandgap material, GaP JFET is expected to have even smaller leakage and higher breakdown electric field.
Computationally Efficient Cluster Representation in Molecular Sequence Megaclassification

Molecular sequence megaclassitication is a technique for automated protein sequence analysis and annotation. Imple- mentation of the method has been limited by the need to store and randomly access a ~_ t~base of all the sequence pair similarities. More than 80,000 protein sequences are now present in the public _databases, and the pair similarity data table for the full protein sequence database requires over 1 gigabyte of storage. In this paper we present a com- Imtationally efficient representation of groups based on a graph theory approach where sequence clusters are described by a minimal spanning tree of highest scoring similarity pairs. This representation allows a classification of N proteins to be stored in order(N) memory. The use this minimal spanning tree representation simplifies analy- sis of groups, the description of group characteristics and the manual correction of artifacts resulting from false hits. The new tree representation also introduces new possibili- ties for artifact generation in sequence classiftcation. Meth- eds for detecting and removing these artifacts are discussed.
Fibroblast-derived MT1-MMP promotes tumor progression in vitro and in vivo.

Background Identification of fibroblast derived factors in tumor progression has the potential to provide novel molecular targets for modulating tumor cell growth and metastasis. Multiple matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are expressed by both mesenchymal and epithelial cells within head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), but the relative importance of these enzymes and the cell source is the subject of controversy.
Brain-type natriuretic peptide correlates with right heart pressures in a cross section of pediatric heart transplant patients

Hall EK, Glatz AC, Quartermain MD, Ravishankar C, Kaufman B, Cohen MS, Hanna BD, Goldberg DJ. Brain-type natriuretic peptide correlates with right heart pressures in a cross section of pediatric heart transplant patients. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15:70–74. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Serum brain-type natriuretic peptide level (BNP) correlates with hemodynamic parameters measured during cardiac catheterization in adult patients with heart failure. We sought to describe the relationship of BNP with invasive hemodynamic measurements and cellular rejection in children following OHT. Children undergoing catheterization for OHT surveillance had simultaneous measurement of BNP. A total of 62 subjects were studied. The median BNP was 171 pg/mL (range 19–1130). There were significant positive correlations between BNP and mean PAP (R = 0.33, p = 0.009), RVSP (R = 0.25, p = 0.05), RVEDP (R = 0.29, p = 0.02), and mean RAP (R = 0.39, p = 0.002). Rejection grade varied from 0 to 3A (58 patients < ISHLT 3A and four patients ≥ ISHLT 3A). There was no significant difference in BNP based on cellular rejection grade. In a cohort of pediatric patients after heart transplantation, BNP correlates with direct measurements of right-sided pressures, but not with other hemodynamic measurements, time from transplant or rejection grade. This suggests that BNP may have a complimentary role in the monitoring of children following heart transplantation.
Single scrotal incision orchiopexy for the palpable undescended testicle.

Purpose: We prospectively evaluated the Bianchi single high scrotal incision technique for orchiopexy in boys with palpable undescended testis distal to the external inguinal ring.Materials and Methods: A total of 60 Bianchi orchiopexies were performed in 48 patients. We identified a group with primary undescended and secondary ascended testis, and a trapped testicle associated with previous inguinal surgery, respectively. Testicular position and size were assessed at 6 weeks of followup.Results: We evaluated group 1—34 patients with bilateral (8), right (17) and left (9) primary undescended testis, group 2—3 with secondary ascended testis and group 3—11 with bilateral (4), right (4) and left (3) trapped testis. Average surgical time was 15, 35 and 35 minutes, respectively. Four patients required conversion to a traditional inguinal incision to achieve adequate cord length. All but 2 patients had a palpable testicle of acceptable size compared with the contralateral mate in the dependent scrotum at the en...
The difference between night and day: antipredator behavior in birds

Animals have evolved sophisticated strategies for avoiding predators during the day. These strategies can vary depending on the type of predator and level of threat. Although nocturnal predation is a major cause of animal mortality, antipredator behavior at night is poorly understood. To investigate how diurnal animals adjust their antipredator behavior during these different conditions, peahens (Pavo cristatus) were exposed to a taxidermy raccoon during the daytime and nighttime. During the day, the peahens emitted loud antipredator calls, extended their necks upward, adopted a preflight posture, and approached the predator; at night, the peahens emitted soft hissing calls, remained stationary, piloerected their feathers, and raised their tails. The results demonstrate that birds adopt radically different antipredator behavior depending on whether the threat occurs in the daytime or nighttime. These different tactics could result from limitations in sensory abilities. Videos showing nocturnal and diurnal antipredator behavior of peafowl are available online ( http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo111110pc01a and http://www.momo-p.com/showdetail-e.php?movieid=momo111110pc02a ).
A COMPARISON AT SEA OF MANUAL AND AUTOANALYZER ANALYSES OF PHOSPHATE, NITRATE, AND SILICATE1

A shipboard intercalibration of nutrient analyses performed using a Technicon Auto-Analyzer (AA) and manually, using a Beckman model DU spectrophotometer, yielded the following relationships ( in µM): PO4(AA) = (0.985 ± 0.009) PO4(man) + (0.038 ± 0.018), R = 0.9983; NO3(AA) = (0.974 ± 0.008) NO3(man) − (0.399 ± 0.193), R = 0.9972; SiO2(AA) = (1.008 ± 0.006) SiO2(man) − (0.194 ± 0.272), R = 0.9991; where R is the correlation coefficient, and the number immediately following ± is the standard deviation. Both AA and manual methods give comparable precision, ±1%, at present and no significant systematic discrepancies exist between the two technologies for phosphate and silicate analyses. A small discrepancy was found in the nitrate work.
Chemical Fingerprinting, A Precise and Efficient Method To Determine Sediment Sources

Abstract An accurate method of determining source locations for detrital sediment is presented using the chemical composition of Fe-oxide minerals like a fingerprint. This method is an improvement in the use of Fe-oxide minerals for provenance determinations because it requires less time and fewer source samples. A rigorous test of the method uses a database of more than 38,000 grains from known locations. The average error of matching grains back to 45 source locations designated for this database is less than 2%. The method allows for proportional matching of a grain to multiple sources if other grains in the source database meet the compositional match criteria, which helps reduce the error of incorrect matches. Most provenance studies do not involve source basins as large as the entire Arctic Ocean, where sediment can be ice-rafted several thousand kilometers. For most studies, only a few samples (∼ 100 grain analyses/sample) would be required to characterize a source if strategically placed, such as near a river mouth. Deposits more than 40 million years old can be traced to specific sources using this method because Fe-oxide grains are relatively stable in most deposits.
Sound from boundary layer flow over steps and gaps

This study is concerned with the radiated sound from boundary layer flows over small forward and backward steps and gap configurations of similar dimension. These measurements were performed in the Virginia Tech Anechoic Wall Jet facility for step heights that ranged from approximately 10% to 100% of the incoming boundary layer height. The results show the influence of step height and boundary layer velocity on the far field sound from forward and backward steps. Very little directivity is seen for either source and the larger step heights considered in this study are shown to not be acoustically compact. A new mixed scaling normalization is proposed for the far field spectra from both types of step. Backward steps are shown to be much weaker producers of far field sound than similarly sized forward steps. The implications of this behavior are discussed with respect to the far field sound measured from various gap flows.
Bead size effects on protein‐mediated DNA looping in tethered‐particle motion experiments

Tethered particle motion (TPM) has become an important tool for single-molecule studies of biomolecules; however, concerns remain that the method may alter the dynamics of the biophysical process under study. We investigate the effect of the attached microsphere on an illustrative biological example: the formation and breakdown of protein-mediated DNA loops in the lac repressor system. By comparing data from a conventional TPM experiment with 800 nm polystyrene beads and dark-field TPM using 50 nm Au nanoparticles, we found that the lifetimes of the looped and unlooped states are only weakly modified, less than two-fold, by the presence of the large bead. This is consistent with our expectation of weak excluded-volume effects and hydrodynamic surface interactions from the cover glass and microsphere. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 95: 144–150, 2011.
Calorimetry of electron beams and the calibration of dosimeters at high doses

Abstract Graphite or metal calorimeters are used to make absolute dosimetric measurements of high-energy electron beams. These calibrated beams are then used to calibrate several types of dosimeters for high-dose applications such as medical-product sterilization, polymer modification, food processing, or electronic-device hardness testing. The electron beams are produced either as continuous high-power beams at approximately 4.5 MeV by d.c. type accelerators or in the energy range of approximately 8 to 50 MeV using pulsed microwave linear accelerators (linacs). The continuous beams are generally magnetically scanned to produce a broad, uniform radiation environment for the processing of materials of extended lateral dimensions. The higher-energy pulsed beams may also be scanned for processing applications or may be used in an unscanned, tightly-focused mode to produce maximum absorbed dose rates such as may be required for electronic-device radiation hardness testing. The calorimeters are used over an absorbed dose range of 10 2 to 10 4 Gy. Intercomparison studies are reported between National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and UK National Physical Laboratory (NPL) graphite disk calorimeters at high doses, using the NPL 10-MeV linac, and agreement was found within 1.5%. It was also shown that the electron-beam responses of radiochromic film dosimeters and alanine pellet dosimeters can be accurately calibrated by comparison with calorimeter readings.
Costimulation by B7 modulates specificity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes: a missing link that explains some bystander T cell activation.

It has been proposed that some bystander T cell activation may in fact be due to T cell antigen receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity that is too low to be detected by the effector cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL). However, this hypothesis is not supported by direct evidence since no TCR ligand is known to induce T cell proliferation and differentiation without being recognized by the effector CTL. Here we report that transgenic T cells expressing a T cell receptor to influenza virus A/NT/68 nucleoprotein (NP) 366-374:Db complexes clonally expand and become effector CTLs in response to homologous peptides from either A/PR8/34 (H1N1), A/AA/60 (H2N2), or A/NT/68 (H3N2). However, the effector T cells induced by each of the three peptides kill target cells pulsed with NP peptides from the H3N2 and H2N2 viruses, but not from the H1N1 virus. Thus, NP366–374 from influenza virus H1N1 is the first TCR ligand that can induce T cell proliferation and differentiation without being recognized by CTLs. Since induction of T cell proliferation was mediated by antigen-presenting cells that express costimulatory molecules such as B7, we investigated if cytolysis of H1N1 NP peptide–pulsed targets can be restored by expressing B7-1 on the target cells. Our results revealed that this is the case. These data demonstrated that costimulatory molecule B7 modulates antigen specificity of CTLs, and provides a missing link that explains some of the bystander T cell activation.
A 35-year-old man with epigastric pain.

Dr Daley : Mr H is a 35-year-old registered nurse who has recurrent episodes of epigastric pain. Divorced and the father of one child, he works in a local hospital and receives private health insurance through his employer. Since he was a child, Mr H has experienced intermittent pain in the epigastric area that radiates to the back. When the pain is mild, he describes it as burning, sometimes accompanied by chest heaviness or tightness. When the pain is severe, Mr H describes it as "a hot knife being pushed under my rib cage and out my back." His symptoms are aggravated by emotional stress, alcohol, cigarettes, and spicy foods. He denies nausea, vomiting, melena, hematemesis, symptoms of reflux, or anemia. He has never taken aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). For many years, he took large quantities of antacids to relieve the pain, and sucralfate and cimetidine have also provided
Gonadotropin and Prolactin Levels in Follicular Fluid of Human Ova Successfully Fertilized in Vitro

Follicular fluid (FF) and oocytes were obtained from 94 follicles of 36 women for fertilization in vitro. Ovulation was induced with human menopausal gonadotropin, and follicular aspiration was performed 36 h after an ovulatory injection of hCG. The concentrations of immunoreactive hCG, FSH, and PRL were correlated with the degree of maturation of the oocytecorona- cumulus complex mass (OCCC), fertilization, rate of cleavage, and the incidence of pregnancy after embryo transfer. Immature OCCC were derived from follicles that contained significantly lower levels of FSH than those from which intermediate and mature OCCC were derived (5.2 ± 0.6 vs. 11.1 ± 1.2 mlU/ml; P < 0.05). FF from oocytes that were successfully fertilized contained higher levels of both hCG and FSH than FF surrounding oocytes that did not fertilize (136.7 ± 8.7 vs. 108.5 ± 10.3 mlU/ml hCG; 10.55 ± 0.6 vs. 5.3 ± 0.8 mlU FSH, respectively). There was no correlation between early embryonic growth rate and FF concentrations of FSH, hCG, and...
Observation of synchronous picosecond sonoluminescence

SONOLUMINESCENCE1–13 is a non-equilibrium phenomenon in which the energy in a sound wave becomes highly concentrated so as to generate flashes of light in a liquid. We show here that these flashes, which comprise over 105 photons, are too fast to be resolved by the fastest photomultiplier tubes available. Furthermore, when sonoluminescence is driven by a resonant sound field, the bursts can occur in a continuously repeating, regular fashion. These precise 'clock-like' emissions can continue for hours at drive frequencies ranging from audible to ultrasonic. These bursts represent an amplification of energy by eleven orders of magnitude
Facilitation of recovery by propantheline bromide after lateral hypothalamic damage

Following lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions rats pretreated with propantheline bromide, a peripherally-acting antimuscarinic, ate significantly sooner and at higher body weights than saline pretreated controls. The present results could not readily be accounted for by the widely held explanations of an alteration in body weight-set point, or the occurrence of denervation supersensitivity or regeneration of damaged neural processes. Therefore, it is suggested that propantheline most likely facilitated functional recovery of ingestive behaviors by acting as a prophylaxis against the viscero-metabolic disorders typically induced by LH damage.
Diels-alder reactions of tropylium ion. An empirical force field study

Abstract New Diels-Alder reactions of tropylium ion are studied, and empirical force field calculations are used to explain the regio- and stereoselectivities of these reactions.
Craze plasticity and toughness of particulate block copolymer blends

Abstract Blends of KRO-1 Resin in high molecular weight polystyrene in which the K-Resin appears as dispersed spherical composite particles with the characteristic K-Resin morphology have been modified by incorporating into them additional polybutadiene of a molecular weight of 3 kg/mole (PB3K). It was found that small additions of PB3K into KRO-1 initiate first a morphological transformation resulting in particles with two coexisting morphologies of distorted rods and parallel lamellae. At a ratio of PB3K/KRO-1 of somewhat above 0.33 the transformation is complete and results in composite particles with a very regular concentric spherical shell morphology of PB and PS. The craze initiating effectiveness of composite particles peaks with this morphology, resulting in craze flow stresses as low as 8 MPa and strains to fracture in excess of 0.80 for a PB3K/KRO-1 ratio of 0.5. Larger volume concentrations of PB3K result in reprecipitation of free PB3K inside particles and this gives rise to a rapid degradation of toughness. The very effective craze initiating action of the spherical shell particles cannot be fully accounted for by the best techniques of numerical stress analysis of the elastic and thermal properties of the composite particles utilizing locally multiaxial craze initiation criteria that were developed for surface crazing in homo-PS. It is suspected that the craze initiation condition is locally relaxed around such composite particles by the presence of certain pre-existing ‘catalytic’ interface configurations that makes the nucleation of crazes from such particle interfaces more a heterogeneous nucleation phenomenon than a homogeneous nucleation phenomenon.
Experimental measurements of the reversibility of metal–bacteria adsorption reactions

Abstract This study tests the reversibility of metal–bacteria interactions by comparing estimated extents of desorption based on surface complexation modeling, to those we observed in the experimental adsorption/desorption systems. The experiments also determine if extended adsorption contact time affects desorption kinetics. The experiments involved Ca and Cd adsorption/desorption onto the surface of a gram positive bacterium: Bacillus subtilis. Three types of experiments were performed: (1) Ca and Cd desorption from the cell wall of B. subtilis after 1 h of adsorption contact; (2) Cd and Ca desorption from the cell wall of B. subtilis after >15 h of adsorption contact; and (3) Ca and Cd desorption as a function of pH after 1 h of adsorption contact. Both the adsorption and desorption reactions are rapid, and the desorption kinetics are independent of adsorption contact time. Steady-state conditions are attained within 2 h for all adsorption reactions studied, and within 1 h for all desorption reactions studied. Furthermore, the extent of adsorption or desorption remains constant for at least 24 h (and up to 80 h for Cd). The observed extent of desorption in the experimental systems is in excellent agreement with the amount estimated from a surface complexation model based on independently conducted adsorption experiments. Therefore, this study indicates that the adsorption of Cd and Ca on B. subtilis is a rapid, fully reversible, and hence an equilibrium process. Therefore the use of surface complexation modeling of aqueous metal adsorption onto bacterial surfaces yields accurate estimates of the distribution of metals in bacteria-bearing solutions.
A Follow-up Investigation Of Families Referred To Outside Agencies.

Abstract A follow-up study was conducted to determine the outcome of 254 referrals made by 47 school psychologists in New York and New Jersey. The referrals represented randomly selected cases in which the recommendation was made to the families of elementary school childred to use service external to the school setting. Evaluation of referral outcome was determined in light of the reason prompting the referral recommendation. Explanations for the outcome of referrals summarized in this investigation were advanced and the limitations of this study noted.
Gold-catalyzed transannular [4+3] cycloaddition reactions

Abstract In the presence of a catalytic amount of Au(I) and Ag(I) salts, the 14-membered furanophane II with an allene function located across the ring undergoes both a transannular [4+3] and [4+2] cycloaddition. Secondary rearrangement products containing a tricyclic ring system were isolated when the catalyst was PtCl 2 .
Intensity versus task-specificity after stroke: how important is intensity?

Page SJ: Intensity versus task-specificity after stroke: How important is intensity? Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2003;82:730–732.Recent evidence suggests that intense training regimens can increase the use and function of the more affected limbs of stroke patients. The efficacy of these intense regimens h
Facile Thermal W–W Bond Homolysis in the N-Heterocyclic Carbene Containing Tungsten Dimer [CpW(CO)2(IMe)]2

The thermal W–W bond homolysis in [CpW(CO)2(IMe)]2 (IMe = 1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) was investigated and was found to occur to a large extent in comparison to other tungsten dimers such as [CpW(CO)3]2. CpW(CO)2(IMe)H was prepared by heating a solution of [IMeH]+[CpW(CO)2(PMe3)]−, and it exists in solution as a mixture of interconverting cis and trans isomers. The carbene rotation in CpW(CO)2(IMe)H was explored by DFT calculations, and low enthalpic barriers (<3.5 kcal mol–1) are predicted. CpW(CO)2(IMe)H has pKaMeCN = 31.5(3), and deprotonation with KH gives K+[CpW(CO)2(IMe)]− (·MeCN). Hydride abstraction from CpW(CO)2(IMe)H with Ph3C+PF6– in the presence of a coordinating ligand L (MeCN or THF) gives [CpW(CO)2(IMe)(L)]+PF6–. Electrochemical measurements on the anion [CpW(CO)2(IMe)]− in MeCN, together with digital simulations, give an E1/2 value of −1.54(2) V vs Cp2Fe+/0 for the [CpW(CO)2(IMe)]•/– couple. A thermochemical cycle provides the solution bond dissociation free energy of the W–H bond of C...
Propagating pulmonary artery thrombosis; a specific syndrome.

1)A resume of the medical literature pertaining to the subject of thrombosis of the pulmonary artery and its right and left branches has been presented. 2)Pathologic changes associated with the condition have been discussed. 3)A definite clinical syndrome produced by such a thrombus has been described. 4)A typical case report, illustrating the syndrome, and substantiated by pathological material, was made.
A fast algorithm for representing continuous piecewise linear functions in closed form

This paper presents a fast algorithm for representing continuous piecewise linear functions in closed form for arbitrary dimensions. The algorithm uses a minimal nesting of absolute value functions. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carcinogens stimulate phosphorylation of ethanolamine derived from increased hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine in, C3H/101/2 fibroblasts

Many human tumors contain high concentrations of ethanolamine phosphate (EtnP). An important question is whether increased formation of EtnP is merely the consequence of cell transformation, or is it associated with the process of carcinogenesis. Here we show that in C3H/10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts, an established cellular model for the study of carcinogenesis, the environmental carcinogens, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) (0.1-1 microgram/ml concentration; 24 h treatment), stimulate phosphorylation of ethanolamine derived from increased hydrolysis of phosphatidylethanolamine. The results suggest that increased formation of EtnP is associated with the early stages of carcinogenesis. This observation may have prognostic value.
The influence of calcium and boron sprays on corking and nutrition of apples (malus domestica borkh)

Abstract The effects of 4 late‐season dilute tree sprays (3741 liters/ha) containing Ca and B on corking severity and nutrition of ‘Yorking’ apples was studied in 1972. Corking severity was observed after slicing the fruit and is expressed as the mean number of cork spots per fruit. Non‐treated fruits had 4.6 spots, 410 pg/g of peel Ca, 110 ug/g of flesh Ca, 31 jig/g of peel B and 10 jig/g of flesh B. Four sprays of CaCl2‐2H2O that applied a total of 55 kg/ha, reduced the spots to 1.4, raised peel Ca to 570 ug/g and flesh Ca to 130 ug/g. Four sprays of Solubor that applied 3.7 kg/ha of B reduced the spots to 2.4 and raised peel B to 138 μg/g and flesh B to 65 μg/g. Calcium nitrate sprays of 80.7 kg/ha Ca(NO3)2’4H2O increased fruit Ca to 520 μg/g (peel), 120 μg/g (flesh), but increased spots to 7.9. The 1973 study conducted on ‘York Imperial’ apples involved the application of 374 liters/ha of spray in each of 8 alternate row‐middle applications. Non‐treated fruits had 2.6 spots, 370 μg/g of peel Ca, 100 μ...
Subjective assessment of reactivity level and personality traits of rhesus monkeys.

The purposes of this study are to determine whether subjective assessment of reactivity level in rhesus macaques, between 1 and 14 years old, is related to assessment of personality traits and whether a configuration of personality traits most salient for assessment of reactivity can be defined. Results indicate that subjective assessment of reactivity is complementary to that of personality traits. Interrater reliability and convergent validity are established. Principal-component and discriminant analyses of the present data show that 10 personality traits can assign all' subjects to reactivity level, but as few as 3 traits may be sufficient.
OPTIMIZING OPENING OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENTS USING INTEGRATED MATURITY AND NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTS

The seismic testing technique was combined with the maturity concept to monitor and predict the strength gain of portland cement concrete. In this process, the dynamic modulus of elasticity of a given mixture, obtained from its stress wave velocity, can be related to the strength parameters and static modulus of the mixture by using the same specimens used in the calibration process commonly carried out for maturity tests. When these relationships are combined with the maturity parameters, the predictive power is significantly improved. In this investigation, laboratory tests with molded specimens and cores were carried out by the simplified free-free resonant column method, and field tests of concrete slabs were performed with a handheld device called the portable seismic pavement analyzer. On the basis of the results of these experiments, relationships between the dynamic modulus and the strength parameters as well as the maturity are proposed. The technique was shown to be a rapid, simple, and economical means for optimization of concrete mix design, quality control-quality assurance of concrete construction, and determination of the time required before a repaired or newly constructed structure is ready for use.
Scope and Limitations of Auxiliary-Assisted, Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation and Alkylation of sp2 and sp3 C–H Bonds

The scope of palladium-catalyzed, auxiliary-assisted direct arylation and alkylation of sp2 and sp3 C–H bonds of amine and carboxylic acid derivatives has been investigated. The method employs a palladium acetate catalyst, substrate, aryl, alkyl, benzyl, or allyl halide, and inorganic base in tert-amyl alcohol or water solvent at 100–140 °C. Aryl and alkyl iodides as well as benzyl and allyl bromides are competent reagents in this transformation. The picolinic acid auxiliary is used for amine γ-functionalization, and the 8-aminoquinoline auxiliary is used for carboxylic acid β-functionalization. Some optimization of base, additives, and solvent is required for achieving best results.
Regulation and targets of receptor tyrosine kinases

Ligand-mediated activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) results in autophosphorylation of both the receptor catalytic domain and noncatalytic regions of the cytoplasmic domain. Catalytic domain phosphorylation leads to activation and potentiation of receptor kinase activity. Noncatalytic domain phosphorylation creates docking sites for downstream cytoplasmic targets, which bind to specific receptor phosphotyrosine residues. Downstream signaling pathways are constructed in a modular fashion. In addition to SH2 and PTB (phosphotyrosine binding) domains, downstream signal proteins also contain domains that recognize other protein and phospholipid motifs. The arrangement and re-arrangement of various combinations of modular domains in different signaling proteins (combinatorial use) has allowed for the creation of complex signaling networks and pathways. In addition to performing catalytic functions, signaling proteins serve as scaffolds for the assembly of multiprotein signaling complexes, as adaptors, as transcription factors and as signal pathway regulators. Recent results show that the juxtamembrane region of Eph receptors is important in receptor autoregulation. Mutations in the juxtamembrane region of several RTKs have been shown to play a role in oncogenesis. It is likely that dysregulation of other modular components of signaling pathways also plays a role in oncogenic transformation.
Ternary complex formation facilitates a redox mechanism for iron release from a siderophore.

While the naturally occurring reducing agents glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (H2A) alone are ineffective at reducing iron(III) sequestered by the siderophore ferrioxamine B, the addition of an iron(II) chelator, sulfonated bathophenanthroline (BPDS), facilitates reduction by either reducing agent. A mechanism is described in which a ternary complex is formed between ferrioxamine B and BPDS in a rapidly established pre-equilibrium step, which is followed by rate limiting reduction of the ternary complex by glutathione or ascorbate. Spectral, thermodynamic, and kinetic evidence are given for ternary complex formation. Ascorbate was found to be slightly more efficient at reducing the ternary complex than glutathione (k 4=2.1×10−3 M−1 s−1 and k 4=6.3×10−4 M−1 s−1, respectively) at pH 7. Reduction is followed by a rapid ligand exchange step where iron is released from ferrioxamine B to form tris-(BPDS)iron(II). The implications of these results for siderophore mediated iron transport and release are discussed.
Spontaneous migration of an inferior vena cava filter resulting in cardiac tamponade and percutaneous filter retrieval

Thromboembolic disease accounts for thousands of hospitalizations every year in the US. Its primary management consists of anticoagulation. However, in certain instances this may be contraindicated or not sufficient. Mechanic occlusion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) becomes then a viable alternative. In this case a 35-year-old man presented with a saddle pulmonary embolus but was unable to be anticoagulated due to intestinal bleed. A removable IVC filter was then placed. The filter spontaneously migrated into the right atrium causing severe tricuspid regurgitation, perforation of the atrial wall, and cardiac tamponade. The device was successfully retrieved percutaneously and the patient discharged from the hospital in stable condition. This case illustrates the potentially lethal complications associated with the use of IVC filters, as well as the possibility to percutaneously recover them from within the right atrium. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.