cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Two new species of deeper dwelling Apogon (Perciformes: Apogonidae) from Micronesia and South Pacific Ocean

Apogon brevispinis is described from two specimens, the larger of which is missing the caudal peduncle, collected at the Austral Islands. This species has a tiny first dorsal-fin spine (5-8% of the third dorsal-fin spine length), 18-19 well-developed gill rakers on first arch, 5 predorsal scales, elongated last soft dorsal and anal fin-rays, 14 circumpeduncular scales, 5 broad tan-brown stripes alternating with 5 narrow whitish stripes, and an irregular dark caudal peduncle mark. Apogon regula is described from five specimens collected in Guam and the Carolina Islands. This species has a longer first dorsal-fin spine (10-15% of the third dorsal-fin spine length), 13-14 well-developed gill rakers on first arch, 4 predorsal scales, 12-13 circumpeduncular scales 5 broad golden-brown stripes alternating with 4 narrow whitish stripes, and dark brown broad stripes on the upper and lower caudal peduncle.
Embolization of Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Resulting in Clinical Manifestations of Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone

Complications after hepatic artery embolization are usually minor and transient. This report describes a patient with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with hepatic metastases who repeatedly developed clinical findings of syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone with hyponatremia (sodium 500 mOsm/kg) after every session of hepatic artery embolization.
Copper-mediated intra-ligand oxygen transfer in gas-phase complexes with 3-nitrotyrosine.

Gas-phase ternary complexes with Cu(II) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) of tyrosine, 3-aminotyrosine, 3-nitrotyrosine and 3-nitrotyrosine methyl ether are formed readily upon electrospraying aqueous methanol solutions containing the components. In contrast to Cu(bpy) complexes of tyrosine, 3-aminotyrosine and other aromatic amino acids, the complexes of 3-nitrotyrosine and its methyl ether undergo unusual collisionally activated dissociations (CADs) that involve Cu-mediated transfer of an oxygen atom from the nitro group. With 3-nitrotyrosine this results in an expulsion of carbonic acid, H2CO3, whereas with 3-nitrotyrosine methyl ether an OH migration forms Cu(OH)bpy+ as the predominant product. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an intra-ligand redox reaction in a gas-phase organometallic complex. The reaction mechanism of this unusual dissociation was elucidated by a combination of isotope labeling, accurate mass measurements, energy-resolved CAD mass spectra and density functional theory calculations of ion structures and relative energies. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent leisure physical activity level is not associated with increased odds of incident knee osteoarthritis - data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative

s / Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 21 (2013) S63–S312 S248 470 RECENT LEISURE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED ODDS OF INCIDENT KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS DATA FROM THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE G.H. Lo y,z, T.E. McAlindon x, J. Driban x, L.L. Price x, N. Petersen y, C.K. Kwoh k, A. Kriska k, M.E. Suarez-Almazor {. yBaylor Coll. of Med., Houston, TX, USA; zMichael E. DeBakey VA Med. Ctr., Houston, TX, USA; x Tufts Med. Ctr., Boston, MA, USA; kUniv. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; {MD Anderson Cancer Ctr., Houston, TX, USA Purpose: The CDC currently recommends that adults obtain regular moderate or vigorous intensity aerobic activity based on data showing Incident Radiographic OA (KL 2) Unadjusted Adjusted1 Adjusted2
MIMO capacity for UWB channel in rectangular metal cavity

Wireless communication in confined metal environment such as rectangular metal cavity is challenging. The channel characteristics in such an environment are different from those in the traditional wireless communication environments. Ultra-wideband (UWB) technique plus multiple input multiple output (MIMO) is a competitive candidate for wireless communication in rectangular metal cavity among possible technologies, because it can fully employ radio resources not only in frequency domain but also in space domain. This paper considers the fundamental limit from capacity point of view for UWB channel in rectangular metal cavity. We want to study what spectrum efficiencies are if MIMO and different spectrum-shaping schemes are used. The results of this paper can give us a lot of insights and guide us to design the high performance system for wireless communication in confined metal environment.
Antimicrobial Activities against 84 Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from Patients with Systemic Listeriosis at a Comprehensive Cancer Center (1955-1997)

Listeriosis is a serious complication in patients undergoing treatment for cancer. We present antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 84 clinical Listeria monocytogenes isolates. During 1955 to 1997, in vitro susceptibility for penicillin (97.6%), ampicillin (90.7%), erythromycin (98.8%), tetracycline (96.9%), and gentamicin (98.0%) remained unchanged. All isolates were susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, rifampin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and vancomycin. High prevalence of clindamycin resistance (96.2%) was unexpected. Ampicillin plus gentamicin is standard therapy for systemic listerosis, and TMP-SMX may be used for patients with beta-lactam intolerance. In vitro susceptibility profiles for carbapenem and fluoronated quinolone are promising, although clinical validation is critically needed before routine use is advocated, especially for listeric patients with severe cellular immune defects.
Evaluating the Performance of Clustering Algorithms in Networks

This chapter briefly reviews the most common kind of benchmark graphs in the literature, a class of networks introduced by Girvan and Newman (GN). This chapter then proposes a new class of graphs, that account for the heterogeneity in the distributions of node degrees and of community sizes and is therefore closer to real properties found in real networks. Moreover, the new benchmark is generalized to include overlapping, weighted and directed graphs. Finally, it introduces some of the most commonly used community detection algorithms and compares their performances.
A comparison of ultrasonic wavefront distortion and compensation in one-dimensional and two-dimensional apertures

A comparison of wavefront distortion and compensation in one-dimensional and two-dimensional apertures is made using two-dimensional transmission measurements through 14 different specimens of human abdominal wall. The measurements were employed to emulate data in one dimension by summing waveforms in the elevation direction after a geometric correction was performed using a fourth-order polynomial fit to the surface of arrival time. Distortion calculation and time-shift compensation were performed independently on waveforms in the one-dimensional and two-dimensional apertures and the waveforms were focussed using a Fourier transform method to obtain the point-spread function in the central elevation plane. The results show that distortion is smoothed increasingly by one-dimensional apertures as the elevation dimension grows and that the smoothing is substantial for elevations similar to those employed in present clinical imagers. The results also show that one-dimensional compensation becomes less effective than two-dimensional compensation as the size of the elevation increases but that one-dimensional compensation performs almost as well as two-dimensional compensation in apertures with elevations like those in current imaging systems. >
Pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Port‐au‐Prince, Haiti

In Port-au-Prince, Haiti, the status of insecticide resistance has not recently been evaluated for Aedes aegypti (L) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) populations. No prophylactics exist for dengue, so prevention is only through vector control methods. An earthquake occurred in Haiti on January 12, 2010, with a magnitude of 7.0 Mw that devastated the area. Dengue became a major concern for the humanitarian relief workers that entered the country. Bottle bioassays were conducted in the field on adult mosquitoes reared from larvae collected from the grounds of the U.S. Embassy and from an adjacent neighborhood in eastern Port-au-Prince, Haiti. At the CDC, Fort Collins, CO, bioassays, molecular, and biochemical assays were performed on mosquitoes reared from field-collected eggs. A small percentage of the population was able to survive the diagnostic dose in bioassays run in Haiti. Mosquitoes tested at the CDC demonstrated no phenotypic resistance. A variety of factors could be responsible for the discrepancies between the field and lab data, but temperature and larval nutrition are probably most important. Knowledge of localized resistance and underlying mechanisms helps in making rational decisions in selection of appropriate and effective insecticides in the event of a dengue outbreak.
The Sun and Earth's space environment

Earth's space environment is closely controlled by solar variability over various time scales. Solar variability is characterized by its output in the form of mass and electromagnetic output. Solar mass emission also interacts with mass entering into the heliosphere in the form of cosmic rays and neutral material. This paper provides an overview of how the solar variability affects Earth's space environment.
Selective Functionalization of the Protein N Terminus with N‐Myristoyl Transferase for Bioconjugation in Cell Lysate

A site to behold: Robust site-specific functionalization of engineered proteins is achieved with N-myristoyl transferase (NMT) in bacterial cells. NMT tolerates non-natural substrate proteins as well as reactive fatty acid tags, rendering it a powerful tool for protein conjugation applications, including the construction of protein microarrays from lysate.
Investigation of transmembrane proteins using a computational approach

Background An important subfamily of membrane proteins are the transmembrane α-helical proteins, in which the membrane-spanning regions are made up of α-helices. Given the obvious biological and medical significance of these proteins, it is of tremendous practical importance to identify the location of transmembrane segments. The difficulty of inferring the secondary or tertiary structure of transmembrane proteins using experimental techniques has led to a surge of interest in applying techniques from machine learning and bioinformatics to infer secondary structure from primary structure in these proteins. We are therefore interested in determining which physicochemical properties are most useful for discriminating transmembrane segments from non-transmembrane segments in transmembrane proteins, and for discriminating intrinsically unstructured segments from intrinsically structured segments in transmembrane proteins, and in using the results of these investigations to develop classifiers to identify transmembrane segments in transmembrane proteins.
Sales Role-Plays and Mock Interviews: An Investigation of Student Performance in Sales Competitions.

Sales competitions provide students with opportunities to apply their understanding of sales. Despite a long tradition of scholarship on sales role-plays, the answer to what drives student performa...
Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is an insidious condition that develops over an extended period of time. By the time the disease is apparent, the arterial wall has already undergone a substantial amount of remodeling. Current diagnostic tools are based on risk factor profiling, biomarker measurements, and lesion detection. Although relatively effective in large cohorts of subjects, risk factors and biomarkers are poor predictors of future risk in individual patients, because of the high occurrence of such factors. Conventional imaging modalities can detect only flow-limiting lesions. By the time advanced disease is diagnosed, mechanical and pharmacological interventions have only modest impact on disease progression. There is clearly a need to devise better imaging tools to measure plaque burden and disease activities within the arterial wall, to diagnose this disease at an earlier stage and to predict the short-term risks of developing complications. Given that molecular changes at a cellular level precede gross anatomic changes in the affected organ, application of techniques for detection of molecular changes in the arterial wall in living subjects might be feasible. Molecular imaging has the potential to (1) screen for early stages of atherosclerosis at which interventions are most effective, (2) follow the course of the disease and aid in the titration of therapy, and (3) detect the presence of vulnerable plaque that requires aggressive intervention. This review article, an overview of the current state of the art of molecular imaging, covers essential components that are vital to the success of the imaging strategy and highlights the potential challenges intrinsic to each component.
A Review of: “SELF PRODUCING SYSTEMS”: Implications and Applications of Autopoiesis, by John Mingers, Plenum Press, New York and London, 1995. xvii + 241 pages; ISBN 0-306-44797-5.

(1996). A Review of: “SELF PRODUCING SYSTEMS”: Implications and Applications of Autopoiesis, by John Mingers, Plenum Press, New York and London, 1995. xvii + 241 pages; ISBN 0-306-44797-5. International Journal of General Systems: Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 184-185.
ZnO activation of aluminum for energy generation in physiological saline buffer

In this work we characterize an Al/Au/ZnO anode for the development of an aluminum hybrid battery to power sensors using physiological buffers. ZnO nano-seed layers grown on the Al/Au electrode through a sol-gel deposition technique allow for increased electrical output over standard aluminum electrodes. The cell operated under varying neutral buffers allowing for smaller packaging, more environmental and safe operation for biomedical applications over popular alkaline batteries. Discharge of the aluminum anode is accompanied with the incorporation of phosphate in the electrolyte to allow for the safe formation of biocompatible crystals containing reduced phosphite structures bonded with alumina. The Al/Au/ZnO anode was paired with a cathode made of aggregated carbon nanotubes, buckypaper, to create a hybrid battery with enough power to power an average pacemaker and resulted in an open circuit voltage of 0.767 V. A maximum power density of 2.63 mW/ cm2 was observed in physiological saline buffer at a cell voltage and current density of 147 mV and 1.77 mA/ cm2, respectively.
Personality impression formation and sex: The polarization effect

In a previous experiment, in which subjects rated likability of stimulus persons of both sexes to whom different personality-trait adjectives were ascribed, it was found that ratings were more polarized when stimulus persons were of the opposite sex than when they were of the same sex as the rater; i.e., ascribing positive adjectives resulted in higher likability ratings, while ascribing negative adjectives resulted in lower likability ratings, for opposite-sexed than for like-sexed stimulus persons. This paper reports two further experiments designed to investigate systematically, within an information integration framework, the relationship between the magnitude of this phenomenon and the number and values of the ascribed adjectives. A simple averaging model of information integration does not appear to be adequate to account for the experimental results.
Reliable Control for Stochastic Jump Systems with Actuator Failures

For a class of stochastic jump systems,the reliable control problem is investigated. A key point of this work relaxes the special requirement of completely known transition rates to a more general form, i. e., the transition rates are incomplete, which may lead to less conservativeness. Firstly,for the stochastic jump systems,the sufficient conditions ensuring the stochastic stability are developed. Secondly,the reliable control problem for stochastic jump systems with actuator failures is presented,and a reliable controller is designed. Finally,the design problem can be reduced to a set of LMIs feasibility problem based on the design of reliable controller. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the main results.
Clinical Observation of Transurethral Bipolar Plasmakinetic Combined with High-power Holmium Laser Vaporization in Treatment of Benign Hyperplasia Patients with High Risk

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of bipolar plasmakinetic(PKRP) combined with high-power holmium laser vaporization(HoLAP) in treatment of benign hyperplasia patients with high risk.MethodsFrom June 2010 to January 2011,22 benign hyperplasia patients with high risk factors were treated with PKRP combined with high-power HoLAP.Two operative methods were performed: PKPP was first applied and then high-power HoLAP was carried out.The efficacy of surgery was recorded.ResultsAll cases were perform one operation.The mean operative time was 67 min(range,45-92).The mean weight of removing prostate was operative time was(46.0?3.0)g(range,28-65g).None of these cases received blood transfusion because of massive haemorrhage.None of these cases occurred transurethral resection syndrome(TURS).ConclusionPKRP combined with high-power HoLAP in the treatment of benign hyperplasia patients with high risk is safe,effective and minimally invasive.
Teaching residents screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) skills for alcohol use: Using chart-stimulated recall to assess curricular impact

ABSTRACTBackground: Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) improves identification and intervention for patients at risk for developing an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Residency curriculum is designed to teach SBIRT skills, but resources are needed to promote skill implementation. The electronic health record (EHR) can facilitate implementation through integration of decision-support tools. The authors developed electronic tools to facilitate documentation of alcohol assessment and brief intervention and to reinforce skills from an SBIRT curriculum. This prospective cohort study assessed primary care internal medicine residents' use of SBIRT skills and EHR tools in practice using chart-stimulated recall (CSR). Methods: Postgraduate year 2 and 3 residents received a 5-hour SBIRT curriculum with skills practice and instruction on SBIRT electronic tools. Participants were then given a list of their patients seen in a 1-year period who were drinking at/above the recommended limit. Tra...
A Highly Selective Fluorescence Turn-On Sensor for Extracellular Calcium Ion Detection

A highly water-soluble, fluorescence turn-on sensor for Ca(2+) is reported. The sensor affords high selectivity in sensing Ca(2+) over other biologically important metal cations. The dissociation constant of the sensor in binding Ca(2+) is 0.92 mm. Fluorescence microscopy experiments demonstrate that the sensor is cell-impermeable and capable of detecting extracellular Ca(2+) .
Effects of Nitrogen Availability and Form on Phytoplankton Growth in a Eutrophied Estuary (Neuse River Estuary, NC, USA)

Nitrogen availability and form are important controls on estuarine phytoplankton growth. This study experimentally determined the influence of urea and nitrate additions on phytoplankton growth throughout the growing season (March 2012, June 2011, August 2011) in a temperate, eutrophied estuary (Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, USA). Photopigments (chlorophyll a and diagnostic photopigments: peridinin, fucoxanthin, alloxanthin, zeaxanthin, chlorophyll b) and microscopy-based cell counts were used as indicators of phytoplankton growth. In March, the phytoplankton community was dominated by Gyrodinium instriatum and only fucoxanthin-based growth rates were stimulated by nitrogen addition. The limited response to nitrogen suggests other factors may control phytoplankton growth and community composition in early spring. In June, inorganic nitrogen concentrations were low and stimulatory effects of both nitrogen forms were observed for chlorophyll a- and diagnostic photopigment-based growth rates. In contrast, cell counts showed that only cryptophyte and dinoflagellate (Heterocapsa rotundata) growth were stimulated. Responses of other photopigments may have been due to an increase in pigment per cell or growth of plankton too small to be counted with the microscopic methods used. Despite high nitrate concentrations in August, growth rates were elevated in response to urea and/or nitrate addition for all photopigments except peridinin. However, this response was not observed in cell counts, again suggesting that pigment-based growth responses may not always be indicative of a true community and/or taxa-specific growth response. This highlights the need to employ targeted microscopy-based cell enumeration concurrent with pigment-based technology to facilitate a more complete understanding of phytoplankton dynamics in estuarine systems. These results are consistent with previous studies showing the seasonal importance of nitrogen availability in estuaries, and also reflect taxa-specific responses nitrogen availability. Finally, this study demonstrates that under nitrogen-limiting conditions, the phytoplankton community and its various taxa are capable of using both urea and nitrate to support growth.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Comprehensive Trauma Interview PTSD Symptoms Scale Following Exposure to Child Maltreatment

The current study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Comprehensive Trauma Interview Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms Scale (CTI-PSS), a novel method of assessing PTSD symptoms following exposure to a range of child adversities in the child maltreatment population. A sample of female adolescents ( n = 343) exposed to substantiated child sexual abuse and a nonmaltreated comparison condition completed the CTI-PSS and other established measures to assess internal consistency, factor structure, test discriminability as well as convergent, discriminant, and incremental validities. Results demonstrated that the CTI-PSS is a reliable and valid measure of PTSD symptoms with good discriminability and a factor structure that fits existing conceptualizations of the PTSD construct. It also demonstrated strong convergence with an established measure of PTSD symptoms and explained unique variance in the prediction of child sexual abuse status. Overall, the CTI-PSS appears to be a useful instrument for assessing PTSD symptoms in the child maltreatment population.
Abstract 1268: Anoikis evasion in inflammatory breast cancer cells is mediated by Bim-EL sequestration

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and highly invasive type of breast cancer, and patients diagnosed with IBC often face a very poor prognosis. IBC is characterized by the lack of primary tumor formation and the rapid accumulation of cancerous epithelial cells in the dermal lymphatic vessels. Given that normal epithelial cells require attachment to the extracellular matrix (ECM) for survival, a comprehensive examination of the molecular mechanisms underlying IBC cell survival in the lymphatic vessels is of paramount importance to our understanding of IBC pathogenesis. Due to the inherent invasive nature of IBC cells, we hypothesized that IBC cells could evade detachment-induced apoptosis (anoikis), and rely on tightly regulated intracellular signaling pathways to do so. Here we demonstrate that in contrast to normal mammary epithelial cells, IBC cells robustly survive in ECM-detached conditions. ErbB2 and EGFR knockdown in KPL-4 and SUM149 cells, respectively, causes decreased colony growth in soft agar and increased caspase activation following ECM detachment, suggesting overexpression/hyperactivation of these oncogenes is vital for IBC evasion of anoikis. Downstream of ErbB2 and EGFR, ERK/MAPK signaling was found to protect cells from anoikis by phosphorylating Bim-EL at serine 59. This phosphorylation of Bim-EL results in a physical interaction between Bim-EL, LC8, and Beclin-1 and prevents Bim-EL from localizing to the mitochondria and promoting cell death. Mutation of the serine 59 site results in increased cell death and a diminished capacity to form a protein complex with LC8 and Beclin-1. Bim-EL knockdown also rescued ECM-detachment-induced death in IBC cells, suggesting Bim-EL is necessary for the induction of anoikis in IBC cells. Interestingly, Bim-EL levels were found to be elevated in ECM-detached IBC cells and present in a significant percentage of IBC patient samples, despite their evasion of anoikis. Therefore, the sequestration of Bim-EL away the mitochondria provides a compelling rationale for how IBC cells survive in the presence of high Bim-EL levels. Furthermore, this mechanism provides a unique and novel opportunity for chemotherapeutic approaches aimed at freeing the already elevated Bim-EL levels from sequestration to specifically induce cell death in IBC cells. Citation Format: Cassandra Buchheit, Brittany Angarola, Allison Steiner, Kelsey Weigel, Zachary Schafer. Anoikis evasion in inflammatory breast cancer cells is mediated by Bim-EL sequestration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1268. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1268
Normal and Non-normal Data Simulations for the Evaluation of Two-Sample Location Tests

Two-sample location tests refer to the family of statistical tests that compare two independent distributions via measures of central tendency, most commonly means or medians. The t-test is the most recognized parametric option for two-sample mean comparisons. The pooled t-test assumes the two population variances are equal. Under circumstances where the two population variances are unequal, Welch’s t-test is a more appropriate test. Both of these t-tests require data to be normally distributed. If the normality assumption is violated, a non-parametric alternative such as the Wilcoxon rank-sum test has potential to maintain adequate type I error and appreciable power . While sometimes considered controversial, pretesting for normality followed by the F-test for equality of variances may be applied before selecting a two-sample location test. This option results in multi-stage tests as another alternative for two-sample location comparisons, starting with a normality test, followed by either Welch’s t-test or the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Less commonly utilized alternatives for two-sample location comparisons include permutation tests, which evaluate statistical significance based on empirical distributions of test statistics. Overall, a variety of statistical tests are available for two-sample location comparisons. Which tests demonstrate the best performance in terms of type I error and power depends on variations in data distribution, population variance, and sample size. One way to evaluate these tests is to simulate data that mimic what might be encountered in practice. In this chapter, the use of Monte Carlo techniques are demonstrated to simulate normal and non-normal data for the evaluation of two-sample location tests.
Spermiation — the sperm release process: Ultrastructural observations and unresolved problems

The release of germ cells from the epithelium of the seminiferous tubule signals the end of spermatogenesis and the beginning of the passage of these highly differentiated cells through the excurrent duct system. At the time of release germ cells no longer should be termed spermatids but spermatozoa or, simply, sperm. Sperm have attained virtually their final form at the time they are liberated; however, they are functionally immature and still lack the capacity to fertilize.
Effects of Lift-Off on Microwave NDE Using an Open-Ended Rectangular Waveguide

Some authors have demonstrated recently the capability of microwave imaging of subsurface defects and material characteristics by scanning a suitably excited open-ended rectangular waveguide over a multi-layered composite [1,2]. This near-field approach of microwave NDE is in some aspects similar to the conventional eddy-current based techniques for defect detection and imaging in metals [3]. Of course, in non-metallic materials, it is the discontinuities in the dielectric property, instead of the electrical conductivity, that gives rise to the defect signal. Bahr [4,5] has reported various techniques for the detection, discrimination, and processing of microwave signals, which are also applicable in the lower frequency regime typical of eddy current testing.
Is “Learning” episodic memory? Distinct cognitive and neuroanatomic correlates of immediate recall during learning trials in neurologically normal aging and neurodegenerative cohorts

Abstract Although commonly interpreted as a marker of episodic memory during neuropsychological exams, relatively little is known regarding the neurobehavior of “total learning” immediate recall scores. Medial temporal lobes are clearly associated with delayed recall performances, yet immediate recall may necessitate networks beyond traditional episodic memory. We aimed to operationalize cognitive and neuroanatomic correlates of total immediate recall in several aging syndromes. Demographically-matched neurologically normal adults (n=91), individuals with Alzheimer's disease (n=566), logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia (PPA) (n=34), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (n=97), semantic variant PPA (n=71), or nonfluent/agrammatic variant PPA (n=39) completed a neurocognitive battery, including the CVLT-Short Form trials 1–4 Total Immediate Recall; a majority subset also completed a brain MRI. Regressions covaried for age and sex, and MMSE in cognitive and total intracranial volume in neuroanatomic models. Neurologically normal adults demonstrated a heterogeneous pattern of cognitive associations with total immediate recall (executive, speed, delayed recall), such that no singular cognitive or neuroanatomic correlate uniquely predicted performance. Within the clinical cohorts, there were syndrome-specific cognitive and neural associations with total immediate recall; e.g., semantic processing was the strongest cognitive correlate in svPPA (partial r=0.41), while frontal volumes was the only meaningful neural correlate in bvFTD (partial r=0.20). Medial temporal lobes were not independently associated with total immediate recall in any group (ps>0.05). Multiple neurobehavioral systems are associated with “total learning” immediate recall scores that importantly differ across distinct clinical syndromes. Conventional memory networks may not be sufficient or even importantly contribute to total immediate recall in many syndromes. Interpreting learning scores as equivalent to episodic memory may be erroneous.
Prevalence of prescription opioid use disorder among chronic opioid therapy patients after health plan opioid dose and risk reduction initiatives.

Abstract Background No studies have assessed the comparative effectiveness of guideline-recommended interventions to reduce risk of prescription opioid use disorder among chronic opioid therapy (COT) patients. We compared the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorder among COT patients from intervention clinics that had implemented opioid dose and risk reduction initiatives for more than 4 years relative to control clinics that had not. Methods After a healthcare system in Washington State implemented interventions to reduce opioid dose and risks, we surveyed 1588 adult primary care COT patients to compare the prevalence of prescription opioid use disorder among COT patients from the intervention and control clinics. Intervention clinics managed COT patients at lower COT doses and with more consistent use of risk reduction practices. Control clinics cared for similar COT patients but prescribed higher opioid doses and used COT risk reduction practices inconsistently. Prescription opioid use disorder was assessed with the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders. Results The prevalence of prescription opioid use disorder was 21.5% (95% CI=18.9% to 24.4%) among COT patients in the intervention clinics and 23.9% (95% CI=20.5% to 27.6%) among COT patients in the control clinics. The adjusted relative risk of prescription opioid use disorder was 1.08 (95% CI=0.89, 1.32) among the control clinic patients relative to the intervention clinic patients. Conclusions Long-term implementation of opioid dose and risk reduction initiatives was not associated with lower rates of prescription opioid use disorder among prevalent COT patients. Extreme caution should be exercised by clinicians considering COT for patients with chronic non-cancer pain until benefits of this treatment and attendant risks are clarified.
Point-Cloud Processing Using Modified Rodrigues Parameters for Relative Navigation

Point-cloud registration pertains to the computation of point pairs between a source and a destination point cloud, followed by the calculation of the rigid transform minimizing a relative distance...
Alternative forms of media, ICTs, and underprivileged groups in China

This article discusses uses of alternative forms of media and information communication technologies (ICTs) by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and advocacy organizations for underprivileged and marginalized groups in China, specifically rural-to-urban migrant workers. Drawing from the conceptual framework of alternative media and ICTs for social change, I analyze a local NGO’s community newspaper for migrant workers and an online advocacy media organization targeting female migrant workers. The two cases present sustainable and organized modes of alternative media production that enable deliberative spaces for migrant workers’ collective expression. Analyzing semi-structured interviews with editors and migrant worker-authors, as well as published articles and reader responses, I examine thematic content and processes of production and distribution. Migrant workers’ articulations through alternative media constitute a daily mode of activism and resistance. Demonstrating that communal and organization...
Discrete Models of the Harmonic Oscillator and a Discrete Analogue of Gauss' Hypergeometric Equation

We consider a doubly infinite discrete-discrete version of the bispectral problem and uncover a possible discrete analog of Gauss' equation.
COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ACTIVATION OF THE ATPase ACTIVITY OF THE CHLOROPLAST COUPLING FACTOR 1

The isolated chloroplast coupling factor 1 (CF1) can be activated to hydrolyse ATP in the presence of Ca2+ ions by reduction of the disulfide bond of the gamma subunit or by removal of the epsilon subunit. Each method results in partial activation, whereas a combination of both methods results in an enzyme with approximately twice the rate of ATP hydrolysis observed with either method alone (1). A similar increase in activation can be obtained by a brief exposure of either the reduced or e-deficient enzymes to trypsin. Under these conditions the γ subunit is rapidly cleaved (2). CF1 can also be induced to hydrolyze Mg2+-ATP by assaying in the presence of methanol, ethanol or certain detergents, or by including oxyanions such as sulfite in the assay mixture following pretreatment of the enzyme by reducing agents or e removal. These conditions are apparently necessary for overcoming an inhibition caused by free Mg2+ ions (see 3 for review).
The steiner multigraph problem: wildlife corridor design for multiple species

The conservation of wildlife corridors between existing habitat preserves is important for combating the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation facing species of concern. We introduce the Steiner Multigraph Problem to model the problem of minimum-cost wildlife corridor design for multiple species with different landscape requirements. This problem can also model other analogous settings in wireless and social networks. As a generalization of Steiner forest, the goal is to find a minimum-cost subgraph that connects multiple sets of terminals. In contrast to Steiner forest, each set of terminals can only be connected via a subset of the nodes. Generalizing Steiner forest in this way makes the problem NP-hard even when restricted to two pairs of terminals. However, we show that if the node subsets have a nested structure, the problem admits a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm in the number of terminals. We successfully test exact and heuristic solution approaches on a wildlife corridor instance for wolverines and lynx in western Montana, showing that though the problem is computationally hard, heuristics perform well, and provably optimal solutions can still be obtained.
A Rule-Based Semiautomated Approach to Building Natural Language Question Answering (NLQA) Systems.

This paper presents a rule-based approach to natural language question answering that can be easily implemented for any domain. We discuss the framework in the context of a National Science Foundation funded project Universal Virtual Laboratory (UVL). UVL is a virtual electrical engineering (EE) laboratory for able and disabled individuals to construct, simulate and understand the characteristics of basic electrical circuits. Like any real-life laboratory, the UVL has a teaching assistant (TA), to whom students can ask questions related to basic EE and on using the laboratory in general. The virtual TA is built using the framework that is discussed in the paper. The framework relies on careful design rather than complex grammar or statistics. It can be used for building rapid language comprehension applications specific to a particular domain by using the appropriate heuristics/keywords of that domain. Also introduced is the automation tool that can be used to implement the framework for any domain.
Molecular Uptake in Yeast by Electroporation: Evidence for a Plateau

The biophysical mechanism governing molecular transport across cell membranes due to external strong electric field pulses is of fundamental interest. Terms such as “breakdown,” “electropermeabilization,” and “electroporation” are widely used in the scientific literature, but by themselves do not fully convey what controls molecular transport.1 Accordingly, it is important to propose more specific, testable hypotheses, and then construct theoretical models which lead to predictions that can be compared with experimental results.
A simple embedded atom potential for Pd-H alloys

ABSTRACTMetal Hydride systems are an important research topic in material science because of their many practical, industrial, and scientific applications. Therefore, the development of reliable an...
Strategic Responses to Changes in Public Policy: The Case of the Pharmaceutical Industry and Drug Substitution Laws:

The environment of the pharmaceutical industry changed in the second half of the 1970s as laws prohibiting drug substitution were repealed. We studied the adaptation of marketing by pharmaceutical ...
3-D least-squares finite element analysis of flows of generalized Newtonian fluids

Abstract A mixed least-squares finite element model with spectral/hp approximations was developed to analyze three-dimensional, steady, and incompressible flows of generalized Newtonian fluids. The Carreau–Yasuda constitutive model was used for viscosity model. Velocity, pressure, and stress are the field variables of the finite element model (hence, called a mixed model). The least-squares formulation offers a variational setting for the Navier–Stokes equations; hence no compatibility of the approximation spaces used for the velocity, pressure, and stress fields is imposed if the polynomial order is sufficiently high. Also, using high-order spectral/hp elements in the least-squares formulation for the Navier–Stokes equations alleviates various forms of locking and accurate results can be obtained with exponential convergence. To verify the present formulation and computational module, the method of manufactured solutions and two different benchmark problems (namely, lid-driven cavity flow and backward-facing step flow) are used. Then the effect of different parameters of the Carreau–Yasuda model on the flow behavior is studied.
Matter power spectrum of light freeze-in dark matter: With or without self-interaction

Abstract We study the free-streaming effect in a light freeze-in dark matter model. Naturally in the dark sector one can find dark matter related coupling, and such coupling may induce dark matter self-scattering. In case that such scattering is subdominant, the dark matter partition function is not thermal but determined by the freeze-in process, yet its high momentum side is generally also Boltzmann suppressed. We show that the matter power spectrum is very similar to a warm dark matter one in shape. When matched to the current WDM bound, a 24 keV freeze-in dark matter is ruled out at 2σ confidence level. In case that the dark matter self-scattering is strong and decouples at a very late time, by a new numerical calculation we show that the early stage Brownian motion indeed protects the power spectrum against free-streaming suppression. However, such an effect cannot be characterized by a free-streaming length alone; we find that the self-scattering decoupling time is another necessary parameter. The currently interested dark matter self-interaction cross section ∼ cm 2 / g is just marginal for such protection to be effective.
Men’s and Women’s Experience of IPV Part II: A Review of New Developments in Comparative Studies in Clinical Populations

The present paper reviews literature on gender differences in the perpetration, motivation, and impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) in clinical samples published between 2002 and 2013 to update and extend a previous review by Hamberger (Violence & Victims, 20, 131–151, 2005). Results showed that women are likely to incur more costs related to abuse. Men arrested for IPV have more extensive criminal histories and higher recidivism rates than women. When identified as suspects, men and women are equally likely to be arrested, taking into account other relevant factors. Women are less likely to be prosecuted and more likely to be granted restraining orders at lower levels of violence. Female perpetrators have higher levels of psychopathology except for antisocial personality traits. Findings regarding drug and alcohol use are as yet conflicting; although there are gender differences, it is difficult to generalize from the present findings. Research and clinical implications are discussed.
Labor Relations Through the Ages

Attitudes toward employment changed across time and place. A variety of labor institutions existed. The relationship between employers and workers raised many ethical issues. There was often an element of coercion within such relationships. What forms of negative incentives, such as physical punishment, were permissible? All too often, employers saw workers as objects to be used. What duties did employers owe their workers and vice versa? The rise of factories in the eighteenth century created new tensions between employers and workers.
Reducing Irrational Personality Traits, Trait Anxiety, and Intra- Interpersonal Needs in High School Students

This article examines the impact on 30 high school students of 12 hours of exposure to Rational Behavior Training (RBT) and 10 days of exposure to a controlled conflict situation in a wilderness en...
Perceived Stress and Depressive Symptoms as Predictors of Decisional Conflict in Dyads Considering a Left Ventricular Assist Device.

Background: The decision to pursue a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) commits loved ones to major caregiving responsibilities and, often, medical decision-making. How emotional domains overlap...
Surgical Education in the Time of COVID: Understanding the Early Response of Surgical Training Programs to the Novel Coronavirus Pandemic.

Objective Describe the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on general surgery residency training nationwide. Design A thirty-one question electronic survey was distributed to general surgery program directors. Qualitative data underwent iterative coding analysis. Quantitative data was evaluated with summary statistics and bivariate analyses. Participants 84 residency programs (33.6% response rate) with representation across US geographic regions, program affiliations, and sizes Results Widespread changes were observed in the surgical training environment. 100% of programs reduced the number of residents on rounds and 95.2% reduced the size of their in-hospital resident workforce; on average, daytime staffing decreased by nearly half. With telehealth clinics(90.5%) and remote inpatient consults(26.2%), both clinical care and resident didactics(86.9%) were increasingly virtual, with similar impact across all program demographics. Conversely, availability of some wellness initiatives was significantly higher among university programs than independent programs, including childcare(51.2% vs 6.7%), housing(41.9% vs 13.3%), and virtual mental health services(83.7% vs 53.3%). Conclusions Changes in clinical care delivery dramatically reduced in face-to-face learning opportunities for surgical trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic. While this effect had equal impact across all program types, sizes, and geographies, the same cannot be said for wellness initiatives. Though all programs initiated some strategies to protect resident health, the disparity between university programs and independent programs may be cause for action.
Increased Isolation of Pathogens After Resin-Containing Blood Culture Bottle Implementation

Background: Resin-containing blood culture bottles (RBB) are used to increase the isolation of microorganisms by binding antimicrobials in sampled blood. Since RBB implementation in April 2018, our infection preventionists noted an increase in positive blood cultures on routine surveillance. Objective: To describe the change in bacterial isolation post-RBB implementation. Methods: All positive blood culture sets drawn in adult inpatient units or the emergency room between October 2017 and September 2018 and their associated organisms were obtained from the hospital laboratory database. Then, regardless of central-line placement or “present on admission” designation, the 2019 NHSN surveillance definitions for laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infection (LCBI-1 and LCBI-2) were applied to categorize all positive cultures as “common commensals” (CCs) or pathogens. A univariate analysis was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test (OpenEpi version 3.01). Results: Although the number of monthly blood cultures drawn remained effectively stable before and after implementation (pre-RBB median, 3,512.5; post-RBB median, 3,626), the rate ratio of positive cultures increased by 1.36 times: pre-RBB median, 127 sets per month and post-RBB median, 172.5 sets per month (χ2 = 5.785; P = .008). The rate ratio of pathogen-containing cultures increased by 1.40 times (pre-RBB median, 98 sets per month and post-RBB median, 137.5 sets per month; χ² = 5.615; P = .009) with only a 1.24 increase in CCs (pre-RBB median, 29 and post-RBB median, 36; χ² = 0.553; P = .229) (Fig. 1). Conclusions: After RBB implementation, the monthly incidence rate of pathogen-containing sets increased. Additionally, the increase in these sets as well as of overall positive blood cultures was statistically significant. Current literature on RBBs does not suggest preferential increased isolation of pathogens. Further study is needed to determine whether our findings are related to blood-culturing practices or the RBBs themselves. Funding: None Disclosures: None