cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Reliability of the Cerebral Performance Category to classify neurological status among survivors of ventricular fibrillation arrest: a cohort study

The Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) score is widely used in research and quality assurance to assess neurologic outcome following cardiac arrest. However, little is known about the inter- and intra-reviewer reliability of the CPC. We undertook an investigation to assess the inter-reviewer and source document reliability of the CPC among a cohort of survivors from out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest (n = 131) in a large metropolitan area between November 1, 2003 and December 31, 2005. Subjects with a CPC of 1 or 2 were classified as favorable outcome and those with CPC 3 or greater were classified as unfavorable outcome. One abstractor first used the discharge summary alone to determine the CPC. All 3 abstractors independently reviewed the entire hospital record. Reliability was assessed by determining the proportion of determinations that agreed between abstractors and the respective kappa statistics. We also evaluated the implications for determining survival with favorable neurological outcome when survival to hospital discharge was 20% and 30%. When the entire hospital record was used to determine CPC, favorable neurologic outcome (CPC 1 or 2) was recorded in 92% by abstractor 1, 89% by abstractor 2, and 74% by abstractor 3. Agreement was 96% (kappa = 0.78) between abstractors 1 and 2, 84% (kappa = 0.49) between abstractors 2 and 3, 82% (kappa = 0.38) between abstractors 1 and 3. The 3-way kappa was 0.50. Agreement was 90% (kappa = 0.71) between the discharge summary alone and the entire hospital record. If the results from review of the entire record are applied to a circumstance where survival to discharge is 20%, favorable neurologic status would occur in 18.4% for abstractor 1, 17.8% for abstractor 2, and 14.8% for abstractor 3. For survival to hospital discharge of 30%, favorable neurologic status would occur in 27.6% for abstractor 1, 26.7% for abstractor 2, and 22.2% for abstractor 3. In this cohort study of survivors of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest, the use of the CPC to classify favorable versus unfavorable neurological status at hospital discharge produced variable inter- and intra-reviewer agreement. The findings provide useful context to interpret outcome evaluations that report CPC.
Helping the Student with Asperger's Disorder with Social and Behavioral Issues in the School: Nursing, Psychology, and Educators Working in Unison

Jayne Bellando and Elizabeth Pulliam Column Editor: Cordelia Robinson School Health provides a forum to discuss policy, practice, research, issues and trends, and pearls of wisdom to enhance the day-to-day care of children in the school setting, from day care to high school.
Automated configuration of distributed applications from reusable software architectures

In this paper a reuse-oriented perspective is taken to designing and implementing configurable distributed applications. An application domain is defined as a family of systems that have some features in common and others that differentiate them. During domain engineering, reusable specifications, architectures and component types are developed, which capture the similarities and variations of the family of systems that compose the application domain. Target systems are generated by tailoring the reusable specification and architecture given the requirements of the target system, and configuring a target system based on the tailored architecture. The paper describes an automated approach for configuring distributed applications from a reusable architecture and library of predefined component types.
An unbalanced distribution of inputs across the hemispheres facilitates interhemispheric interaction.

In this study, we investigated 2 possible mechanisms by which interhemispheric interaction (IHI) might facilitate performance. Twenty university students performed 3- and 4-item versions of a less complex physical identity (PI) task in which they decided whether 2 letters were perceptually identical (e.g., ‘A’ and ‘A’) and a more complex name identity (NI) task in which they decided whether 2 letters had the same name (e.g., ‘A’ and ‘a’). Consistent with prior work, IHI facilitated performance more for the relatively complex NI task than for the simpler PI task regardless of how many items were in the display. However, for each task IHI facilitated performance less in the 4-item displays than in the 3-item displays. These results indicate that IHI facilitates performance by allowing (1) a division of processing across the hemispheres, and (2) task-relevant information to be processed by a hemisphere that receives a relatively light processing load. (JINS, 2000, 6, 313–321.)
A biomechanical analysis of fixation of intra-articular distal radial fractures with calcium-phosphate bone cement.

Background: Calcium phosphate cement has been used to treat unstable fractures of the distal end of the radius with the intent of avoiding the stiffness and morbidity associated with prolonged immobilization in a cast or external fixation. The purpose of this study was to compare the stability of the fracture fragments after fixation with augmented calcium phosphate cement with that after alternative methods of percutaneous fracture treatment. Methods: Both an osteotomy and osteoclasis were used to create a model of an intra-articular fracture of the distal part of the radius (AO type C2) with dorsal bone loss in seven pairs of fresh-frozen upper extremities. One wrist from each pair was fixed with an external fixator and three Kirschner wires, and the contralateral wrist was fixed with calcium phosphate cement (Norian SRS) and three Kirschner wires (augmented calcium phosphate cement). Sequentially increasing loads, up to a total of 100 N, were then applied to the major flexors and extensors of the wrist. Fracture fragment motion was measured by the Optotrak three-dimensional system. Results: Fixation with cement alone failed at the bone-cement interface at <80 N in all specimens. With use of an analysis of variance, augmented external fixation was found to provide significantly increased stability to the radial fragment compared with that provided by augmented calcium phosphate cement in four of the six axes tested (e.g., mean motion [and standard deviation] in flexion-extension was 3.0° ± 2.93° versus 11.1° ± 13.08°, respectively; p = 0.001). Augmented calcium phosphate cement was found to provide greater stability for the radial fragment than were Kirschner wires alone in three axes (e.g., mean motion in flexion-extension was 11.1° ± 13.08° versus 36.5° ± 13.03°, respectively; p = 0.001). Conclusions: Calcium phosphate cement alone is insufficient to withstand physiologic flexion-extension motion of the wrist without supplemental wire fixation. When supplemented with Kirschner wires, fixation with bone cement is more stable than are Kirschner wires alone, but it is significantly less stable than augmented external fixation. Clinical Relevance: When performing studies of fracture fixation strengths, it is essential to simulate the shear and rotational forces encountered during normal wrist motion. On the basis of the physiologic biomechanical testing in this study, we recommend supplemental fixation if calcium phosphate cement is chosen for fixation of unstable distal radial fractures.
An Exploration of Successful Copreneurial Relationships Postdivorce

It is a commonly held belief that divorce “kills” the family business, especially when copreneurs divorce or separate. Yet there are examples of copreneurs who have successfully continued to work together postdivorce. However, to date, there have been no studies or theories developed regarding successful, postdivorce copreneurs. This grounded theory study examines successful postdivorce copreneurs and proposes a model that can help advisors navigate the many potential pitfalls a divorcing couple can experience. This study finds that copreneurs who have a great deal of trust in one another can continue to work together postdivorce. Emotional connection, compartmentalization, synergy, commitment to the business, and positive gender issues also contribute to the success of the business and the business relationship.
3D tracking and dynamic analysis of human head movements and attentional targets

We present a new system-level framework for the automatic detection and tracking of multiple persons' heads in intelligent meeting rooms. We implement this approach with a distributed array of cameras that detect the meeting participants and continuously estimate their head orientation and head movements in 6 degrees-of-freedom with fine precision. The initial position of each person is obtained with a set of face detectors coupled with a new iterative approach to resolve the 3D ambiguities from overlapping epipolar lines. The head pose is obtained from a hybrid head pose estimation and tracking scheme that combines support vector regressors with a new multi-view 3D model-based tracking system. The purpose of this system is to facilitate the automatic semantic analysis of group meetings. As an example application, we evaluate the ability of the system to estimate the person that receives the most visual attention in the form of head direction.
Topological organization of multichromosomal regions by the long intergenic noncoding RNA Firre

RNA, including long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), is known to be an abundant and important structural component of the nuclear matrix. However, the molecular identities, functional roles and localization dynamics of lncRNAs that influence nuclear architecture remain poorly understood. Here, we describe one lncRNA, Firre, that interacts with the nuclear-matrix factor hnRNPU through a 156-bp repeating sequence and localizes across an ~5-Mb domain on the X chromosome. We further observed Firre localization across five distinct trans-chromosomal loci, which reside in spatial proximity to the Firre genomic locus on the X chromosome. Both genetic deletion of the Firre locus and knockdown of hnRNPU resulted in loss of colocalization of these trans-chromosomal interacting loci. Thus, our data suggest a model in which lncRNAs such as Firre can interface with and modulate nuclear architecture across chromosomes.
Navigational Decision Making in Drosophila Thermotaxis

A mechanistic understanding of animal navigation requires quantitative assessment of the sensorimotor strategies used during navigation and quantitative assessment of how these strategies are regulated by cellular sensors. Here, we examine thermotactic behavior of the Drosophila melanogaster larva using a tracking microscope to study individual larval movements on defined temperature gradients. We discover that larval thermotaxis involves a larger repertoire of strategies than navigation in smaller organisms such as motile bacteria and Caenorhabditis elegans. Beyond regulating run length (i.e., biasing a random walk), the Drosophila melanogaster larva also regulates the size and direction of turns to achieve and maintain favorable orientations. Thus, the sharp turns in a larva's trajectory represent decision points for selecting new directions of forward movement. The larva uses the same strategies to move up temperature gradients during positive thermotaxis and to move down temperature gradients during negative thermotaxis. Disrupting positive thermotaxis by inactivating cold-sensitive neurons in the larva's terminal organ weakens all regulation of turning decisions, suggesting that information from one set of temperature sensors is used to regulate all aspects of turning decisions. The Drosophila melanogaster larva performs thermotaxis by biasing stochastic turning decisions on the basis of temporal variations in thermosensory input, thereby augmenting the likelihood of heading toward favorable temperatures at all times.
Likelihood and expected-time statistics of monodomain attractors in sheared discotic and rod-like nematic polymers

Employing a mesoscopic Doi tensor model, we develop transient statistical properties of sheared nematic polymer monodomains consistent with typical experimental protocols. Our goal is to convey to the experimentalist a list of expected outcomes, based not only on properties of the nematic liquid and imposed flow rate, but also on the timescale of the experiment and variability in the initial conditions. Step 1 is deterministic: we solve the model equations completely, then compile the flow-phase diagram of all monodomain attractors and phase transitions versus nematic concentration and Peclet number (shear rate normalized by molecular relaxation rate). Step 2 is to overlay on the phase diagram a statistical diagnostic of the expected time, 〈t〉 A , to reach a small neighborhood of every attractor A. The statistics are taken over the arbitrary quiescent director angle on the sphere, modeling experiments that begin from rest. Step 3 is to explore parameter regimes with multiple attractors, where we statistically determine the likelihood of convergence to each attractor. These statistical properties are critical for any application of theoretical models to the interpretation of experimental data. If 〈t〉 A is longer than the timescale of the experiment, attractor A is never fully resonated and the relevant stress and scattering predictions are those of the transients, not the attractor. In bi-stable and tri-stable parameter regimes, which are typical of nematic polymers, a distribution of monodomains of each type will populate the sample, so experimental data must be compared with weighted averages based on the likelihood of each attractor (see Grosso et al (2003) Phys Rev Lett 90:098304). The final step is to give statistics of shear stress and normal stress differences during the approach to each attractor type, as well as typical paths of the major director that are contrasted with the results of Van Horn et al (Rheol Acta (2003) 42(6):585–589) with Leslie-Ericksen theory.
Nevis Synchrocyclotron Conversion Program - RF System

The for the revised Nevis Synchrocylotron magnet will increase from 18 kG at the center to 20 kG at 80 in. radius. This gives 27.48 MHz at injection, and 19.23 MHz for extraction (550 MeV, 76 in. radius). The resonator will be tuned so that fmin = fextraction including a slow RF turnoff where df/dt ? 0 for adiabatic energy damping. The peak dee voltage ? 30 kV with the maximum near injection. The repetition rate will be 300 Hz with < 50% RF duty factor. The single dee and dee stem structure will be ~ 150 in. wide and 163 in. long. One of the three pairs of sector-iron shims is to be incorporated into the dee and the assembly supported on cooled alumina structural insulators. The resonator frequency is varied by two rotating capacitors located at the end of the dee stem, which is split outside the magnet circle. Excitation of the resonator will be provided by a grounded-grid, triode oscillator having the anode and cathode coupled to the resonator via coupling loops and transmission lines of proper length and impedance. A series tube modulator will permit the slow linear RF turnoff needed for adiabatic energy damping of the phase oscillations before extraction.
Effects of metoprolol and propranolol on theophylline elimination

The effects of beta adrenergic blockade on theophylline elimination were studied in nine nofmal subjects. Oral propranolol, 40 mg every 6 hr, induced a fall in theophylline clearance from 0.0464 +/- 0.0294 +/- 0.0129 l/kg/hr (p < 0.001). Oral metoprolol, 50 mg every 6 hr, did not reduce theophylline clearance in the group as a whole but had reducing effect intermediate to that of propranolol on theophylline clearance in some smokers whose theophylline clearance was high initially. Beta adrenergic blockade may reduce theophylline clearance, particularly in subjects whose theophylline metabolism has been induced by cigarette smoking.
WATER PROBLEMS IN SPANISH COAL MINING

The paper describes and classifies the major hydrological problems affecting coal mining in Spain. Water problems of both surface and underground mines are described. For reasons of brevity the description of the remedial measures used to overcome these difficulties is deliberately excluded.
Elevated plasma cytokines in autism spectrum disorders provide evidence of immune dysfunction and are associated with impaired behavioral outcome.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairment in social interactions, communication deficits, and restricted repetitive interests and behaviors. A potential role for immune dysfunction has been suggested in ASD. To test this hypothesis, we investigated evidence of differential cytokine release in plasma samples obtained from 2 to 5 year-old children with ASD compared with age-matched typically developing (TD) children and children with developmental disabilities other than autism (DD). Partici- pants were recruited as part of the population based case-control CHARGE (Childhood Autism Risks from Genetics and Environment) study and included: 97 participants with a confirmed diagnosis of ASD using standard assessments (DSM IV criteria and ADOS, ADI-R), 87 confirmed TD controls, and 39 confirmed DD controls. Plasma was isolated and cytokine production was assessed by multiplex Luminex™ analysis. Observations indicate significant increases in plasma levels of a number of cytokines, including IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12p40 in the ASD group compared with TD controls (p < 0.04). Moreover, when the ASD group was separated based on the onset of symptoms, it was noted that the increased cytokine levels were predominantly in children who had a regressive form of ASD. In addition, increasing cytokine levels were associated with more impaired communication and aberrant behaviors. In conclusion, using larger number of participants than previous studies, we report significantly shifted cytokine profiles in ASD. These findings suggest that ongoing inflammatory responses may be linked to disturbances in behavior and require confirmation in larger replication studies. The characterization of immunological parameters in ASD has important implications for diagnosis, and should be considered when designing therapeutic strategies to treat core symptoms and behavioral impairments of ASD.
Steepening of Alfvén waves and its effect on the structure of slow shocks

The interaction between Alfven/ion cyclotron (A/IC) waves and a slow shock is examined by means of hybrid simulations. It is shown that for a rather general set of parameters, slow shocks can generate A/IC waves which become group standing within the shock transition layer, and steepen into thin structures ({approximately} 4 ion inertial lengths). Each front is shocklike with finite jumps in the plasma parameters across it. In such cases, the transition from upstream to downstream conditions across the slow shock occurs over a number of layers. Following the jumps over the steepened front(s), the final transition to downstream is made over a much broader region more typical of slow shocks ({ge} 60 ion inertial lengths). Other important effects of the steepened front are the local trapping of the plasma, generation of a coherent wavetrain and changes in the polarization of the slow shock. In particular, the first simulations of slow shocks with a right-handed polarization and an upstream wavetrain are shown. Due to the unusually complicated structures of these slow shocks much care must be taken in the search and identification of slow shocks in the observations. 18 refs., 5 figs.
Morphological and genetic evidence for vicariance and refugium in Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico populations of the hermit crab Pagurus longicarpus

The number and wide variety of southeastern United States marine taxa with significant differentiation between Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean populations suggests that these taxa may have experienced major vicariance events, whereby populations were subdivided by geological or ecological barriers. The present study compared variation in morphology, allozymes, and mtDNA in Gulf of Mexico and western Atlantic populations of the longwrist hermit crab Pagurus longicarpus Say collected during 1997 and 1998. Combined Atlantic populations had significantly fewer denticles on the second segment of the third maxilliped than did Gulf of Mexico populations, and the mean ratio of dactyl length to propodus length was significantly greater in the Atlantic crabs than in the Gulf of Mexico crabs. Allozyme allele frequencies at three loci showed genetic differentiation between a Gulf of Mexico population and two Atlantic populations. Analysis of mtDNA sequence data revealed a clear reciprocal monophyly between Gulf and Atlantic populations, with an estimated divergence age of ~0.6 million years ago. This estimated age of divergence is significantly more recent than an age previously estimated for its congener Pagurus pollicaris (~4 million years ago), suggesting that species with a similar genetic break between Gulf and Atlantic populations may not necessarily share an identical history. Surprisingly, there is evidence of geographic subdivision within Atlantic populations of P. longicarpus along the east coast of North America. This differentiation is especially strong between Nova Scotia and southern populations, suggesting that the Nova Scotia population may represent survivors from a northern refugium during the last glacial maximum.
Social Desirability Effects in the Epps

The EPPS and a true-false version (TF-EPPS) were compared on three S dimensions: sex (males and females), age-education (college students and adults), SD (high and low). The SD content of both test...
Observation of a pressure induced reverse peierls instability in the quasi-one-dimensional mixed valence solid K4[Pt2(P2O5H2)4Br]·3H2O

Abstract The pressure dependence of the resonance Raman and UV-visible absorption spectra of the quasi-one-dimensional mixed valence solid K4[Pt2(P2O5O5H2)4Br]·3H2O has been observed. The band maximum of intervalence-charge-transfer (IVCT) transition red shifts from 620 to 740 nm as pressure is increased from 0.0 to 4.0 GPa and then levels off. Resonance Raman spectra obtained with excitation into the IVCT band show a continuous decrease in the scattering intensity of the PtBr symmetric stretch and one of the PtPt stretches as pressure is increased and neither mode can be observed above 4.0 GPa. These results are attributed to a structural change where the Br ion moves toward a central position between neighboring Pt2 moieties along the chain axis, as is consistent with a reverse Peierls transition.
Pediatric Critical Care and the Law: Medical Malpractice

Although some basic concepts related to medicolegal aspects for the practicing physician have remained unchanged over several years, there is a rapid increase in case-law and new trends emerging in this field. Accordingly, this chapter is divided into three parts. First, a basic overview related to medico-legal civil liability for the practicing physician is discussed, including steps that physicians should consider to minimize this liability. Second, some of the unique legal issues in the practice of pediatric critical care are discussed. Third, several PICUs are in the midst of implementing electronic health records (EHR). The implementation of electronic health records and availability of electronic patient data creates unique challenges and legal issues previously unknown, and key concepts related to these new emerging areas are also discussed.
Two Cheers for Procedural Review of Guidance Documents

This paper, to be published in See Also, the Texas Law Review's online supplement, is a Response to Mark Seidenfeld, Substituting Substantive for Procedural Review of Guidance Documents, 90 Tex. L. Rev. 331 (2011). It revisits the debate over procedural review of agency guidance documents in light of Professor Seidenfeld’s contribution to that debate; raises questions about whether substantive review of guidance documents is a workable alternative to current doctrine; and concludes with more general thoughts about the intertwining of procedural and substantive review in administrative law.
Insights into Perspectives on Environmental Sustainability

OF THESIS Insights into Perspectives on Environmental Sustainability: A University of Kentucky Case Study As scientists become more aware of the imposing threats associated with climate change, university leaders are encouraged to become familiar with the principles of sustainability. Abundant research already supports the relevance of environmental sustainability in higher education; however, there exists a gap in the literature which investigates an understanding of environmental sustainability and the implementation of its practices. By examining colleges at the University of Kentucky, this study identifies organizational barriers to recognizing a thorough understanding of environmental sustainability at the departmental level. The results indicate that out of the eight colleges selected, two have no existing environmental sustainability programs or initiatives. Based on this research it is possible for departments to initiate self-assessment and situate themselves firmly inside an institutional vision of sustainability.
Improved clinical response from neoadjuvant taxane chemotherapy across breast cancer subtypes

576 Background: Adjuvant trials suggest that taxane (T) after doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) has little benefit in hormone receptor positive (HR+) patients compared to hormone receptor negat...
Investigation of Rapid-Prototyping Methods for 3D Printed Power Electronic Module Development

The recent research in wide-bandgap (WBG) power electronic semiconductors has produced a wide variety of device and combinational topologies, such as HFETS, MOSHFETS, and the Cascode Pair. Each variation needs to be tested with certain package criteria (e.g. high voltage SiC devices up to 15kV, high current GaN devices up to 300A, or unprecedented high frequencies). Having a common package is costly and cannot provide an investigation of optimized performance. Hence, use of a rapid prototyping method to print power electronic packages and modules is needed. Also, the continual move to higher frequencies will require greater integration of packaging into the end application, as is presently done with point-of-load converters. The future modules will take on more functional integration, including more mechanical features, which further supports use of printed fabrication technologies. It is not reasonable to assume that a complete module can be directly printed, though most would be; some assembly is requir...
Multi robot mapping using force field simulation: Research Articles

This paper describes a novel approach, called Force Field Simulation, to multi robot mapping that works under the constraints given in autonomous search and rescue robotics. Extremely poor prealignment, lack of landmarks, and minimal overlap between scans are the main challenges. The presented algorithm solves the alignment problem of such laser scans utilizing a gradient descent approach motivated by physics, namely simulation of movement of masses in gravitational fields, but exchanges laws of physics with constraints given by human perception. Experiments on different real world data sets show the successful application of the algorithm. We also provide an experimental comparison with classical ICP implementation and a Lu/Milios-type alignment algorithm. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Unique Reactivity of anti- and syn-Acetoxypyranones en Route to Oxidopyrylium Intermediates Leading to a Cascade Process

Unique reactivity of anti- and syn-acetoxypyranones was observed in oxidopyrylium-alkene [5 + 2] cycloadditions. The subtle interplay between the corresponding acetoxypyranone conformation and steric bulk of tertiary amine bases causes syn-acetoxypyranones to undergo [5 + 2] cycloaddition appreciably faster than anti-acetoxypyranones. Additionally, the efficiency of a cascade process that afforded a novel tetracyclic lactol was determined to be dependent on the relative stereochemistry of each diastereomer, the amine base utilized, and the addition of water.
The domino effect: Staffing for "what is" versus "what if"

f you’ve ever worked as a nurse supervisor or nurse administrator, you’ve probably heard the saying, “We don’t staff for ‘what if.’” As a nurse supervisor with over 10 years of experience, I still don’t understand how we staff any other way. Unless we, as administrators, are looking into a crystal ball, how can we know what type of pa-tients will walk in our hospital doors? Are we able to predict if a patient coming through our ED will need to be placed on a CCU or need emergency surgery in the OR? The answer is no, so why do hospitals staff for what their current census is? The answer is quite simple: it’s a case of economics.Hospital administra-tors will tell you, it’s eco-nomically practical to schedule nurses based on the patient census at change of shift. Thus, staffing for “what is” the current patient census occurs. As hospital reve-nues fall, administrators stop investing in nurs-ing, which is a bad short-term fix.
Use of Radioactive 36Cl to Determine Distribution of Chloride in Poultry Meat Exposed to Chlorinated Chillwater

Abstract Chlorine has been used to control microbial levels in poultry chillwater systems for many years. Recendy, however, concern has arisen regarding the fate of organic compounds when exposed to chlorinated water supplies. The present study was designed to determine the distribution and nature of chloride in poultry tissues exposed to chillwater containing radioactive 36Cl. Breasts from freshly slaughtered chickens were chilled for 3 min., 1 hr., or 24 hr. in water containing 50 p.p.m. of chlorine. Raw and cooked portions of skin and muscle were then assayed for radioactivity. Skin portions consistendy contained higher levels of radioactivity than muscle. For example, skin exposed to chlorinated chillwater for 1 hr. contained 21.8 p.p.m., whereas muscle tissues contained 4.4 p.p.m. The concentration of 36Cl in tissues increased as exposure time to the chlorinated chillwater increased. Cooking chlorinated tissues generally reduced the concentration of chloride in skin and increased the concentration in muscle. Tests conducted to define the nature of “added” chloride in the tissue indicate that it is probably present as an inorganic salt and not as organochlorine compounds.
Divorce, Ḥadīth-Scholar Style: From al-Dārimī to al-Tirmidhī

This article analyzes the jurisprudence of six prominent third/ninth-century ḥadīth scholars by examining the chapters on divorce in their compilations. This comparative study shows that only six legal topics on divorce were common to the books of al-Dārimī, al-Bukhārī, Muslim, Ibn Māja, Abū Dāwūd, and al-Tirmidhī. It also demonstrates that: 1) Some ḥadīth scholars regularly expressed their personal legal opinions; 2) ḥadīth scholars developed three distinct utility for certain fields of jurisprudence in the early ʿAbbasid period.
Clinical evaluation of CA-125 concentrations as a prognostic factor for pregnancy in infertile women with surgically treated endometriosis * †

Objective To extend and confirm earlier observations that serial CA-125 determinations appear to have prognostic value in some infertile women with surgically treated endometriosis using a new automated enzyme immunoassay. Design A prospective consecutive case series. Setting A university-based tertiary practice. Patients Of 342 women having a laparoscopy for infertility, 123 (36%) had endometriosis. Fifty-six of 123 (45%) infertile women with endometriosis had preoperative CA-125 values ≥ 16 U/mL and were followed for 12 months with serial CA-125 determinations. Main Outcome Measure Proportion of women achieving a pregnancy within 12 months from surgery. Results Mean preoperative CA-125 concentrations were not statistically different for women conceiving, but mean postoperative CA-125 values were significantly lower for women achieving a pregnancy. Univariate analyses indicated that preoperative CA-125 values between 16–25 U/mL and postoperative CA-125 values Conclusion Using a newly developed assay for CA-125, the study confirms and extends earlier observation that CA-125 concentrations have prognostic value for pregnancy in infertile women with surgically treated endometriosis. The findings provide additional support for the clinical use of CA-125 concentrations in selected women with endometriosis.
Type I Ureteral Triplication: An Extension of the Weigert-meyer Law

AbstractWe report a case of type I ureteral triplication and document the locations of the ureteral orifices corresponding to the renal segments. The ureter from the uppermost renal segment issued onto the urethrovaginal septum and caused wetting. The wetting was cured by high ureteroureterostomy, Our findings are consistent with those expected by the Weigert-Meyer law.
Resveratrol-Mediated Repression and Reversion of Prostatic Myofibroblast Phenoconversion.

Background Resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in berries, peanuts, grapes, and red wine, inhibits oxidation, inflammation, and cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in multiple cell types and or animal models. It represses collagen deposition in the vasculature, heart, lung, kidney, liver, and esophagus in animal models and may have some utility as an anti-fibrotic. Recent studies have shown that increased collagen deposition and tissue stiffness in the peri-urethral area of the prostate are associated with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) and urinary obstructive symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine whether Resveratrol might be useful to inhibit or revert TGFβ- and/or CXCL12-mediated myofibroblast phenoconversion of prostate fibroblasts in vitro, and therefore whether the use of anti-fibrotic therapeutics might be efficacious for the treatment of LUTD. Methods Primary prostate and lung tissues were explanted and fibroblast monolayers expanded in vitro. Primary and N1 immortalized prostate stromal fibroblasts, as well as primary fibroblasts cultured from a normal lung and one affected by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) for comparison, were grown in serum–free defined media supplemented with vehicle, TGFβ or CXCL12, pre- or post-treatment with Resveratrol, and were evaluated using immunofluorescence for alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and collagen I (COL1) protein expression and assessed for cell proliferation, apoptosis, and COL1 and EGR1 transcript expression. Results This study showed that low concentrations of Resveratrol (≤50 μM) had no effect on N1 or primary prostate fibroblast cell proliferation, apoptosis, or COL1 or EGR1 gene transcription but repressed and reversed myofibroblast phenoconversion. As expected, these same effects were observed for IPF lung fibroblasts though higher levels of Resveratrol (≥100uM) were required. Taken together, these data suggest that, like lung fibroblasts, prostate fibroblast to myofibroblast phenoconversion can be both repressed and reversed by Resveratrol treatment. Thus, anti-fibrotic therapeutics might be efficacious for the treatment of LUTD.
Painting with light: An interactive evolutionary system for daylighting design

Abstract Painting with Light is a user-guided interactive evolutionary system for daylighting design. It allows architects to use color to specify desired light levels in spaces, and searches for solutions that bring building geometry and materials close to performance targets. The proposed interface addresses a main limitation of generative design systems based on building performance metrics, by allowing the user to specify daylight spatial patterns with a high degree of granularity. This development poses new challenges for both objective function and penalty function definitions. Painting with Light automatically computes and displays statistical indexes that inform the user on the deviation error between the performance of the solution found by the system and the desired targets. The system was implemented in Python on top of a popular Computer-Aided Design software, Rhinoceros, as an add-on to its Visual Programming Language, Grasshopper. This choice of implementation allows access to Grasshopper's built-in functions and methods for 3D parametric modeling, to tools that provide direct access to Radiance, a lighting simulation software, and to different types of genetic algorithms. Five experiments were conducted on a freeform parametric model for progressive system calibration, which encompassed four steps: 1) adjustment of painted targets to fit the problem feasible solution space; 2) devise appropriate weights and penalty factors for the fitness function; 3) test two different evolutionary solvers; 4) test the system's capability to find a predefined solution where the optimal values were known. After calibration, the system was able to produce solutions that closely approximate the painted goals.
Use of thromboelastography in the management of liver cirrhosis and accelerated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (AICF).

In the presented case, the authors describe an obese middle-aged man that presented to the emergency department for persistent oedema, scleral icterus and fatigue. He was admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with liver cirrhosis via transjugular liver biopsy. He continued to bleed from the biopsy site for 5 days from accelerated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (AICF) requiring multiple transfusions of packed red blood cells, fresh-frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate. The authors then used thromboelastography (TEG) to further characterise the patient9s coagulopathy, which revealed platelet inhibition. The results of the TEG significantly changed future transfusion management. Finally, the authors conducted a literature review to summarise the current literature available for the use of TEG in the management of liver cirrhosis with AICF.
Regulation of Protein Nitrosylation by Thioredoxin 1

Addition of an SNO group to a cysteine thiol in a protein is called protein S-nitrosylation. When the donor of the SNO group is another protein, then the transfer is referred to as trans-nitrosylation. One key protein that mediates trans-nitrosylation and denitrosylation is thioredoxin1 (Trx1). Trx1 is a 12 kDa redox protein with five cysteine residues: Cys32, 35, 62, 69 and 73. Factors such as pH conditions and cysteine residue redox status affect the S-nitrosylation of Trx1. Several studies have reported that Trx1 promotes trans-nitrosylation of caspase-3, ASK1, and peroxiredoxin-1. On the other hand, Trx1 can trigger denitrosylation of SNO-caspase-3, SNO-metallothionein, SNO-albumin, SNO-caspase-8, GAPDH, annexin-1, etc. By regulating the balance between S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation, Trx1 helps maintain the nitroso-redox balance in the cell. Trx1-mediated S-nitrosylation and denitrosylation of proteins affect several cellular functions, including apoptosis, heme protein maturation and insertion, and exocytosis as well as various pathophysiological conditions, such as inflammation, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. In this chapter, we shall discuss in detail the molecular mechanism of Trx1-mediated trans-nitrosylation and denitrosylation and its importance in the cellular milieu.
Space Qualification Of Optical Instruments Using The NASA Long Duration Exposure Facility

The NASA Long-Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF), designed for the in situ testing of optical instrumentation in the space environment is described. The LDEF is basically a reusable structure which is three-axis gravity-gradient stabilized when flying free in space. The structure weighs about 8,000 lbs. and accommodates experiment trays weighing about 10,000 lbs. A vacuum exposure control canister is being designed for controlled exposure experiments. The LDEF will have an experiment power and data system and a shuttle bay environmental measurements system is being designed for measuring parameters such as acoustics, vibration, acceleration. The induced environment contamination monitor will evaluate the contamination levels of shuttle payloads. Experiments currently under development include the evaluation of active optical components and the study of fiber optic data transmission.
Why does teacher gender matter

Abstract This paper shows that high school math and science teacher gender affects student interest and self-efficacy in STEM. However, such effects become insignificant once teacher behaviors and attitudes are taken into account, thus pointing towards an omitted variables bias. Teacher beliefs about male and female ability in math and science – as well as how teachers treat boys and girls in the classroom – matter more than teacher's own gender. The student fixed effects estimates also highlight that creating a positive learning environment and making math and science interesting are pivotal in engaging students in these subjects.
Increasing Incidence and Recurrence Rate of Venous Thromboembolism in Paediatric Oncology Patients in One Single Centre Over 25 Years

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication in paediatric oncology patients. To identify the incidence, risk factors and recurrence rate of VTE in paediatric oncology patients, an observational, retrospective cohort study of all consecutive children (≤18 years) with malignancies, treated at the Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Centre between January 1989 and December 2013, was done. A matched case–control study in children with lymphomas was performed, to identify thrombotic risk factors. Cumulative recurrence-free survival after first VTE was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Of the 2,183 children included (male: female = 1.4:1.0; median age, 6.6 years) with cancer, 78 patients developed VTE (3.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8–4.4). The incidence increased from 0.8% (4/478, 95% CI, 0.0–1.6) between 1989 and 1993 to 10.4% (44/423, 95% CI, 7.6–13.4) between 2009 and 2013. Independent risk factors for VTE were age ≥ 12 years, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and lymphoma. The case–control study in lymphoma patients showed a trend for increased VTE incidence in stage IV lymphoma. Twelve (15.4%) patients developed recurrent thrombosis, 7 patients while on therapeutic or prophylactic anticoagulation. The cumulative recurrence-free survival after first VTE was 88.5, 87.1 and 80.6% after 1, 5 and 10 years, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated an increasing incidence of VTE in children with malignancies, with age ≥ 12 years, ALL and lymphoma as independent risk factors. The elevated recurrence rate underlines the importance of full anticoagulant therapy and might warrant prophylactic anticoagulation after first VTE during cancer treatment.
Role of Abl Family Kinases in Growth Factor-Mediated Signaling

Constitutive activation of the Abl nonreceptor tyrosine kinases can occur as a result of structural alterations of the Abl1 and Abl2 genes, which leads to the development of leukemia. Tight control of the activities of the endogenous Abl kinases is critical for normal development and maintenance of normal homeostasis. Recent work has revealed that the Abl kinases are activated by diverse cell surface receptors, and function to couple the activated receptors to signaling pathways such as those important for the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics.
Engineering optical emission in sub-diffraction hyperbolic metamaterial resonators

Sub-diffraction hyperbolic metamaterial resonators are promising structures for engineering light-matter interactions in semiconductor-based emitters and materials. The optical properties of these resonators are determined by a number of device characteristics including the metamaterial permittivity and resonator geometry. In this letter, we develop an optical model based on the modified long wavelength approximation to calculate the radiative and non-radiative photon loss of the resonators. We fabricate and characterize 11 different resonator arrays to demonstrate the effectiveness of model. Using the model, we demonstrate how the radiative properties of the resonators can be engineered via the design of the semiconductor metamaterial and the aspect ratio of the resonator. Over the explored design space, we demonstrate an eightfold increase in the radiative rate compared to the non-radiative rate. Our work reduces the complexity of designing sub-diffraction hyperbolic metamaterial resonators, allowing broader incorporation of these optical structures into novel devices and materials.
Using Quality Improvement Tools to Redefine a Clinical Librarianship Program: a Case Study

ABSTRACTUniversity of Washington (UW) Medicine is a large hospital system in Seattle, Washington. Historically, the UW Health Sciences Library (HSL) has had one clinical librarian to support the or...
Disabling dissent: the colour revolutions, autocratic linkages, and civil society regulations in hybrid regimes

State elites in hybrid regimes have increasingly sought to manipulate the legal regulation of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as part of the growing backlash against democracy assistance in n...
A Factor Analytic Model of Eighth-Grade Art Learning: Secondary Analysis of NAEP Arts Data

NAEP surveys answered by students and school personnel as part of the visual arts assessment were considered as sets of indicators for underlying constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test a structural model presenting demographics (background characteristics), resources, and opportunities to learn categories. Factors within the three categories were found to be significantly related to dependent variables for arts achievement (responding and creating). The secondary analysis reported here embraces the rich complexity of the NAEP arts assessment, postulating that coordinated study of its vision, framework, procedures, and data has enormous potential to inform art educators and policy makers, particularly those interested in America's middle schools.
Resummation, Power Corrections and Prediction in Perturbative QCD

I give a pedagogical introduction to resummation and power corrections, using the thrust variable in electron-positron annihilation as an example, followed by an discussion of issues of predictability in perturbative QCD.
Best Practices in Clinical Supervision: Another Step in Delineating Effective Supervision Practice

Across the helping professions, we have arrived at a point where it is possible to create statements of best practices in supervision that are based on available empirical research; credentialing, ...
Lagrangian acceleration in Rayleigh-Bénard convection at various aspect ratios

Lagrangian dynamics of turbulent Rayleigh-B\'enard convection is studied experimentally with 3D particle tracking velocimetry at various aspect ratios $G$. Insight on the pair dispersion, conditional acceleration probability density functions, and roll dynamics induced by $G$ was found from nearly $3.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7}$ events.
Prediction of postpartum beef cow body composition using weight to height ratio and visual body condition score.

Sixty-four mature Charolais×Angus cows, products of rotational crossbreeding, were used to compare methods of predicting postpartum (PP) body composition. Body condition score (BCS), weight and weight: height ratio (WHR) were used to predict body composition as determined by slaughter