cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
World wide telecom web search: invited talk abstract

Searching of spoken content has been of interest to the speech community for varied reasons in the past. The call centers are interested in searching information the calls where an agent may not have provided appropriate answer to the customer. Video search is mostly dependent on the accompanying audio analysis. In such scenarios, the query interface is still a visual interaction and multiple results can be presented to the user, with effective browsing and presentation controls. We challenge ourselves to enable searching of user generated audio content through a audio-only query-result interface. The motivation to perform such a search, the challenges in terms of data, interface and users are presented in this talk. The hope is that the audience will be able to identify sub-problems in this large space of WWTW search.
Internal rotation deficits affect scapular positioning in baseball players.

Background Anecdotal evidence suggests an association between glenohumeral internal rotation deficits (GIRD) and scapular dysfunction, an observable alteration in the normal position or motion of the scapula in relation to the thoracic cage.
Absorption of sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide by some amines and N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone

In searching for solvents that are able to absorb sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide, solvents triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and N, N, N', N'-tetraethylethylenediamine have all been tested. It was found that triethylenetetramine and N, N, N', N'-tetraethylethylenediamine absorb nitric oxide, while this gas is not absorbed by N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and diethylenetriamine. Sulfur dioxide, besides being absorbed by triethylenetetramine, is also absorbed by diethylenetriamine and N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone. The Henry's law constants and activity coefficients at infinite dilution of the gases in the absorbing solvents were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. La recherche de solvants capables d'absorber l'anhydride sulfureux et l'oxyde nitrique, nous a amene a tester les solvants triethylenetetramine, diethylenetriamine, N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone et N, N, N', N'-tetraethylethylenediamine. On a trouve que la triethylenetetramine et la N, N, N', N'-tetraethylehylenediamine absorbent l'oxyde nitrique qui n'est par ailleurs pas absorbe par la N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone ni la diethylenetriamine. L'anhydride sulfureux, en plus d'etre absorbe par la triethylenetetramine, est egalement absorbe par la diethylenetriamine et la N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone. Les constantes de la loi de Henry et les coefficients d'activite a dilution infinie des gaz dans les solvants utilisables, ont ete determinees par chromatographic gaz-liquide.
Integrated Construction Engineering Activities to Satisfy Challenging Project Objectives

Growing market demands for improved lifecycle performance of facilities are increasing challenges in meeting project objectives. Integrated project delivery and BIM offer significant potential assistance in meeting these challenges, but require change by a set of activities that we will term construction engineering in this paper. The purpose is to identify and describe activities that improve project performance related to cost, schedule, quality, safety, and sustainability and to convincingly illustrate their importance. These activities include designing work process and temporary works, providing construction and permanent resources, and integrating work processes within and between project phases. For each of the major types of project objectives, this paper describes the requirements and implications for different types of projects and the construction engineering activities necessary to satisfy the objective. The applications and conclusions highlight the importance of construction engineering for success in meeting project objectives, the career benefits of this experience, and ways to realize these potential benefits. PROJECT CHALLENGES AND CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING ACTIVITIES Design and construction markets currently include several drivers for improved performance in meeting all types of project objectives, including cost, schedule, quality, safety, and sustainability. Owners facing increasing foreign competition need greater value from their capital investments. Tenants and operators want more sustainable commercial buildings, retail spaces and industrial plants. One result of these and other drivers is increased scope and complexity of structural and active systems for infrastructure and buildings. Integrated project delivery and building information modeling provide two responses to these increased market expectations. IPD can improve performance by developing a project team that focuses on work processes and decisions that benefit the entire project rather than individual team members. BIM can facilitate information sharing for this integration, allow evaluation of many alternatives for design and construction, and add value to an integrated project in many other ways. But this degree of change is hard. Although the term construction engineering is not used in all segments of the industry, this role has historically included the change agent to introduce new technologies and work processes on heavy and industrial construction projects. Recent examples include GPS in heavy construction and modularization in building construction. Construction engineering is a series of technical activities throughout the project to assist in meeting all types of project objectives. The activities include designing temporary works and processes or methods for field operations, supplying temporary and permanent resources for construction, and integrating team members
Uncommon Indications for Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Total shoulder arthroplasty and shoulder hemiarthroplasty have been the traditional method for treating a variety of shoulder conditions, including arthritis, cuff tear arthropathy, and some fracture types. However, these procedures did not provide consistently good results for patients with torn rotator cuffs. The development of the reverse prosthesis by Grammont in the late 20th century revolutionized the treatment of the rotator-cuff-deficient shoulder with arthritis. The main indication for the reverse prosthesis remains the patient with cuff tear arthropathy who has pain and loss of motion. Because the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty produced such good results in these patients, the indications for the reverse prosthesis have expanded to include other shoulder conditions that have previously been difficult to treat successfully and predictably. This review discusses and critically reviews these newer indications for the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.
Inhibition of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) reduces ventricular tachycardia risk by altering connexin43

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation is associated with arrhythmias. We investigated the effects of RAS inhibition in cardiac-specific angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) overexpression (ACE 8/8) mice, which exhibit proclivity to ventricular tachycardia (VT) and sudden death because of reduced connexin43 (Cx43). ACE 8/8 mice were treated with an ACE inhibitor (captopril) or an angiotensin receptor type-1 blocker (losartan). Subsequently, electrophysiological studies were performed, and the hearts were extracted for Cx43 quantification using immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, fluorescent dye spread method, and sodium current quantification using whole cell patch clamping. VT was induced in 12.5% of captopril-treated ACE 8/8 and in 28.6% of losartan-treated mice compared to 87.5% of untreated mice (P < 0.01). Losartan and captopril treatment increased total Cx43 2.4-fold (P = 0.01) and the Cx43 phosphorylation ratio 2.3-fold (P = 0.005). Treatment was associated with a recovery of gap junctional conductance. Survival in treated mice improved to 0.78 at 10 weeks (95% confidence interval 0.64 to 0.92), compared to the expected survival of less than 0.50. In a model of RAS activation, arrhythmic risk was correlated with reduced Cx43 amount and phosphorylation. RAS inhibition resulted in increased total and phosphorylated Cx43, decreased VT inducibility, and improved survival.
Is There an Islamist Political Advantage

There is a widespread presumption that Islamists have an advantage over their opponents when it comes to generating mass appeal and winning elections. The question remains, however, as to whether these advantages—or, what we refer to collectively as an Islamist political advantage—actually exist. We argue that—to the extent that Islamists have a political advantage—the primary source of this advantage is reputation rather than the provision of social services, organizational capacity, or ideological hegemony. Our purpose is not to dismiss the main sources of the Islamist political advantage identified in scholarly literature and media accounts, but to suggest a different causal path whereby each of these factors individually and sometimes jointly promotes a reputation for Islamists as competent, trustworthy, and pure. It is this reputation for good governance that enables Islamists to distinguish themselves in the streets and at the ballot box.
Expanding Practice from Sport Performance to Physicians as Clients

This article describes the use of biofeedback interventions with PGA golfers, professional baseball players, and college athletes. The author advocates applying the optimal performance framework beyond the field of sport, to high performers in other areas, including business and medicine. Physicians are in many ways athletes and peak performers, and the outcome of their performance is life or death, recovery or disability. Physicians rarely participate in conventional employee assistance programs or stress debriefing, and would benefit from a wider application of a peak performance approach to their optimal wellness for themselves and their families.
Applications and operation concepts of large transmit phased array of parabolic reflectors

The primary motive for large transmit array of parabolic reflectors, also known as uplink array, was to explore alternate methods in order to replace the large 70m antennas of deep space network (DSN) such that the core capability for emergency support to a troubled spacecraft in deep space is preserved. Given that the Uplink Array is a new technology, the focus has always been on its feasibility and phase calibration techniques, which by itself is quite a challenge. It would be interesting to examine, however, what else could be accomplished by the uplink array capability other than the emergency support to a troubled spacecraft in deep space. Although the uplink array calibration and demonstration for proof of concept is still underway at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), knowledge of various potential meaningful application scenarios as well as operation concepts of uplink array is equally important to better understand and fine tune the high level architectural requirements of this big evolving system of systems. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to discuss a few application scenarios and the corresponding operation concepts, such as lunar positioning system, high EIRP uplink and the synergies with solar system radar, and high power RF beams.
OOGIE: ownership object graph interactive editor

We propose an interactive editor which allows developers to refine an initially extracted object graph into a hierarchical graph that matches their mental model of the runtime structure. The developer can expand or collapse selected hierarchies to control the level of visual detail. Such views of the runtime structure can be useful for code modification tasks.
DIURNAL AND SEASONAL TRENDS IN CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN CORN AND SOYBEAN CANOPIES AS AFFECTED BY TILLAGE AND IRRIGATION

Abstract Most crops have higher photosynthetic rates when canopy CO 2 concentrations are maintained at high levels. There is little information available on managing the soil and plants to maximize the CO 2 concentration within the plant canopies. The objective of this work was to characterize the effect of tillage and irrigation on CO 2 concentrations in corn and soybean canopies at 10 cm above the soil surface and midway in the plant canopy. Emphasis was placed on continuous measurements to evaluate the dynamic effects of the microclimate, both in the short term and seasonal trends. CO 2 concentrations were measured sequentially every 30 min using an infrared gas analyzer with a switching solenoid system and a calculator-controlled data acquisition system. Soil temperatures and microclimate data were also measured hourly. Small differences in CO 2 concentrations between corn and soybeans were noted. Effects of irrigation, residue and tillage were minor. Occasional large diurnal fluctuations with maximum CO 2 concentrations at night were associated with low winds and warm temperatures. Extreme daily minimum and maximum CO 2 concentrations ranged from 285 to 800 μmol mol −1 for the 2 years of this study. However, typical minimum and maximum values ranged from 320 to 450 μmol mol −1 . The seasonal trends in CO 2 concentrations showed that both maximum and minimum occurred around flowering, which corresponded to maximum canopy development. The results suggested adequate mixing within both the corn and the soybean canopies, and that soil respiration modified by tillage and irrigation would be inefficient for CO 2 fertilization due to rapid loss of CO 2 from the canopy.
Association of Loop Diuretic Use With Higher Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Patients With Normal Renal Function

Elevations in parathyroid hormone (PTH) level have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and mortality.1,2 Loop diuretics have been linked to increased PTH levels in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD),3,4 but this association has not been investigated in the general population. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)5,6 to test the hypothesis that loop diuretic use associates with elevated PTH in adults with preserved renal function.
Management of Motor Fluctuations in Parkinson’s Disease

A complication of chronic levodopa therapy is a shortening of benefit of each dose. Peripheral pharmacokinetics, central pharmacokinetics, and central pharmacodynamics are involved in the pathophysiology of motor fluctuations. Strategies to improve 'wearing-off' fluctuations attempt to provide more constant plasma levodopa levels or more continuous stimulation of dopamine receptors. Controlled-release levodopa preparations are very effective for mild to moderate fluctuations. The addition of direct-acting dopamine agonists or the MAO-B inhibitor selegiline is helpful for short-term improvement. Liquid levodopa is beneficial for some patients with severe fluctuations. Apomorphine injections will provide immediate 'rescue' from 'off' states. Catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors are a new class of drugs which appear to improve motor fluctuations. Manipulations of dieting protein may reduce fluctuations in some patients. It is possible that motor fluctuations may be delayed by the early use of sustained release levodopa preparations or early combinations of levodopa with a dopamine agonist.
Some observations on Arthroderma uncinatum

Five out of 7 isolates of Arthroderma uncinatum produced abundant cleistothecia on an oatmealsalts agar and also on sterile soil with children's hair. This demonstrated that unsterile soil is not essential as a substrate for the perfect state of this species. Some of the recombinants arising from a cross between a typical pigmented isolate and a fluffy non-pigmented one are described.
Auxin biosynthesis and storage forms

The plant hormone auxin drives plant growth and morphogenesis. The levels and distribution of the active auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are tightly controlled through synthesis, inactivation, and transport. Many auxin precursors and modified auxin forms, used to regulate auxin homeostasis, have been identified; however, very little is known about the integration of multiple auxin biosynthesis and inactivation pathways. This review discusses the many ways auxin levels are regulated through biosynthesis, storage forms, and inactivation, and the potential roles modified auxins play in regulating the bioactive pool of auxin to affect plant growth and development.
Exchange radio technology

Some of the methods used to implement a point-to-multipoint digital radio system, designed to provide basic exchange telecommunications radio (BETR) service, are described. The system operates in the 450-MHz band. It consists of a base station and distributed subscriber terminals, which provide telephone service for up to 24 subscribers. The author focuses on some of the key technical areas in the electrical and mechanical design of the base station and subscriber units which impact equipment cost. The analog and digital signal processing used in the design for low-cost system terminals is described. >
99 Teaching biological research using brown algae

Mentoring students in investigative research is a key part of actively engaging them in learning biology. While this is best accomplished by involving students in individualized research projects, it is not always feasible to offer such an opportunity to all students. A course in Biological Research that focuses on doing research with a particular “model system” has been an indispensable part of our biology curriculum. Algae provide ideal model systems for this purpose, and kelp gametophytes, including Macrocystis and other genera, have provided excellent results. In the first half of this course, students learn to access information in the published literature, while writing a literature review that relates to a research project that they will propose and design together with a student partner. Simultaneously, they learn useful techniques to grow and manipulate kelp gametophytes. During the second half, they mainly conduct the proposed research. Students present their research proposals and final results to the rest of the class. Most research projects dealt with growth responses or molecular genetics. Growth and survival of gametophytes was determined in response to nutrients or toxicants. Kelp DNA was amplified by PCR in a variety of projects, including later analysis by sequencing or SSCP and RAPDs. Kelp gametophytes proved to be an ideal organism for this course, since growth responses can be measured relatively rapidly, and DNA extraction is relatively simple due to their filamentous morphology.
ATR Kinase Activation Mediated by MutSα and MutLα in Response to Cytotoxic O6-Methylguanine Adducts

Summary S N 1-type alkylating agents that produce cytotoxic O 6 -methyl-G (O 6 -meG) DNA adducts induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a manner requiring the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins MutSα and MutLα. Here, we show that checkpoint signaling in response to DNA methylation occurs during S phase and requires DNA replication that gives rise to O 6 -meG/T mispairs. DNA binding studies reveal that MutSα specifically recognizes O 6 -meG/T mispairs, but not O 6 -meG/C. In an in vitro assay, ATR-ATRIP, but not RPA, is preferentially recruited to O 6 -meG/T mismatches in a MutSα- and MutLα-dependent manner. Furthermore, ATR kinase is activated to phosphorylate Chk1 in the presence of O 6 -meG/T mispairs and MMR proteins. These results suggest that MMR proteins can act as direct sensors of methylation damage and help recruit ATR-ATRIP to sites of cytotoxic O 6 -meG adducts to initiate ATR checkpoint signaling.
Reasons to Rethink the Use of Audio and Video Lectures in Online Courses

Recent technological developments allow any instructor to create audio and video lectures for the use in online classes. However, it is questionable if it is worth the time and effort that faculty put into preparing those lectures. This paper presents thirteen factors that should be considered before preparing and using audio and video lectures in online classes. In addition, recommendations for when and how to use lectures in online classes are presented.
Visual Loss and Hearing Loss

A 65-year-old woman has age-related macular degeneration in both eyes. She has severe visual loss and can only see hand motions. Her family members report that she lives in a nursing home now but does not hear very well. She is depressed by her living situation and does not appear to recognize her family members. She has grown increasingly uncommunicative during family visits.
A Review of Service Quality Research in Real Estate

This paper reviews service quality research in the residential real estate brokerage industry. This article emphasizes the important role that leveraging service quality plays in differentiating a ...
Newcomers and oldtimers: Do classification methods matter in the study of amenity migration impacts in rural America?

Rural, high-amenity areas in the USA continue to attract significant numbers of migrants. A common approach to investigating the potential consequences of rural in-migration is to contrast the characteristics, attitudes, and/or actions of migrants and non-migrants (or “newcomers” and “oldtimers”). However, no consensus exists on the distinctions (or the lack thereof) between these two groups in the existing literature, in part because previous research used a variety of methods to classify residence status. Drawing on household survey data from nine communities in north-central Colorado, this study illustrates how different categorizations may yield different conclusions. Categorizing resident groups by the 1970/1980 cutoff or 5-, 10-, or 20-year length of residence substantially altered the differences and similarities between newcomers and oldtimers in selected sociodemographic, perceptual, and behavior indicators. It is recommended that researchers choose the most appropriate classification approach based on specific research questions and objectives as well as important transitions in the migration patterns of their study areas. These findings have direct implications for future research on rural demographic change and socioeconomic restructuring.
Techniques for inducing oviposition in Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae) and for rearing sibling cohorts of simuliids

Techniques are described for inducing oviposition and for rearing sibling cohorts of Simulium vittatum (Zetterstedt). Eighty percent of field-collected adults laid their full complement of eggs, and a mean of 54 ± 21% of the eggs was fertilized. Overall survival from egg to adulthood in the rearing unit was 81%. Newly emerged females averaged 215 stage III oocytes.
Murray Edelman in Appalachia

1. Hypercard dominates the Macintosh hypermedia world because it is bundled with the Macintosh and is an excellent program. Consequently, Hypercard has spawned a growing industry of add-on software and reference books. Other manufacturers of Macintosh hypermedia programs refused to provide copies of their products for comparison with Hypercard. 2. Those interested in Hypercard features should consult Danny Goodman, The Complete HyperCard 2.0 Handbook (Toronto: Bantam Books, 1990). 3. J. Scott Johnson, Hyperwriter! User's Guide (Fairfield: Ntergaid, 1990), p. 2. 4. Robert E. Horn, Mapping Hypertext (Lexington: The Lexington Institute, 1989). 5. Help System II, $199.95.
The Endocrinology of Spermatogenesis in Birds I. Effect of Estrogen and Androgen

Abstract SINCE the discovery of the gonadotrophic hormones, it has been suggested that the comparable component parts of the gonads of the two sexes were stimulated by the same factor. Thus in the female, the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was believed to stimulate the maturation of the ovum and in the male to stimulate spermatogenesis in the testis tubules. The term gametogenic hormone has been suggested in recognition of this common function in the two sexes. The second gonadotrophic factor called the luteinizing hormone (LH) in the female because it stimulated the growth of the corpus luteum and the interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) in the male influenced the growth and functional activity of the cells of Leydig. In a study of hypophysectomized cockerels, Nalbandov et al., (1946) determined the effect of relatively pure FSH and LH (or ICSH) upon the testes and the secretion of male hormone. Pure FSH produced . . .
The Good Merger

A good health care merger increases the value of care by reducing costs, improving outcomes, or both, enabling providers to generate and respond to competition. Such mergers generate “cognizable efficiencies” offsetting the potential harm of increased prices.
Abstract 4259: A physiologically relevant 3D cell culture model for screening anti-cancer compounds

Background: Traditional drug screening strategies have used single layer of cells grown on plastics (monolayer (2D) cell cultures), which is architecturally and biochemically different from the natural physiological environment of cells as they exist in tumors. Cells in a tumor microenvironment exhibit complex cell-to-cell interactions between tumor cells as well as with other cell types (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, inflammatory cells). As these interactions are deficient in 2D cell cultures, testing compounds using such a “minimalistic” approach could result in physiologically irrelevant drug responses and misidentification of compounds which are subsequently less efficacious when tested in animal models. Therefore in vitro screens based on 2D cell cultures have a low predictability and poor translatability to in vivo efficacy thus making them physiologically irrelevant for screening. Recently, based on the recognition that 3D cell cultures are a physiologically-relevant alternative to 2D monolayer cultures, a number of approaches have been used to generate 3D cell culture models for cancer study. These include the use of synthetic scaffolds, microcarrier beads and hanging drop cultures. Methods: In this study we use a levitation system to promote aggregation and growth of tumor cells into multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) that are amenable for high throughput screening. We have used the system to culture established cancer cell lines, such as (MDA-MB-231, A549, PC-3), as well as primary cells. Since the tumor microenvironment is a critical factor that promotes tumor growth, we have also used the system to develop an in vitro co-culture model in which mammary epithelial tumor cells and fibroblasts grow together to simulate the tumor microenvironment. Fibroblasts are a critical component of the tumor stroma influencing tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. We validate our system using a combination of approaches including immunofluorescence, high content imaging and flow cytometry to demonstrate that our 3D culture model has characteristics of in vivo tumors. Key features that distinguish our system from other currently available 3D systems available are: 1) the dynamic environment wherein the cells aggregate and grow into “mini tumors” mimicking tumors in an in vivo setting; 2) ease of co-culturing the tumors with other cell types; 3) amenability to high throughput screening; 4) “long-lasting” cell viability, facilitating long-term culture; 5) ability to enrich for tumors that have stem-cell like features. We expect that our model will be useful to not only derive physiological responses from compound treatments, but will also have potential applications in studying drug penetration and resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4259. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4259
A Dye-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Smart Reflector

We report a liquid crystal smart reflector, consisting of a cholesteric liquid crystal doped with dye. Light entering the liquid crystal is absorbed by the dye, generating heat which raises the average temperature of the liquid crystal. This in turn changes the pitch length of the cholesteric liquid crystal, causing an increase in its reflectivity, and thus reducing the amount of light absorbed by the dye molecules. A negative feedback stabilized condition is reached, in which the reflectivity is proportional to the incident light intensity. This effect is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
Personal Relationship Ads: An Informal Balancing Act:

This study is a grounded theory analysis of 1,169 personal relationship ads placed in the San Francisco Bay Guardian between 1973 and 1987. The results of the coding process yielded four major categories: Up Front, Con-Avoidance, Presentation of Self as Unique, and Appeal to Fate, which are described and illustrated. These categories are integrated into a model of anticipatory relationship management. Analysis of adver- tisements reveals ad placers' attempts to balance their desire for a relation- ship partner and the need to protect themselves from possible exploitation.
Preconsultation education promoting breast cancer screening: Does the choice of media make a difference?

Abstract Background. Multimedia technology can be a valuable resource for health promotion and patient education initiatives because it allows messages to be presented within an environment that is both sensory‐rich and interactive (i.e., the user can explore the information according to his or her particular needs and interests). Using clinic waiting time as an opportunity for breast cancer education, this investigation examined whether an educational intervention promoting breast cancer screening would be more effective when using interactive multimedia than when using written materials. Methods. Over a five‐month period, 108 women (40‐70 years of age) from two clinics (a family practice clinic and a free clinic for the poor) participated in the study. Participants initially completed measures assessing perceptions of the personal importance of breast cancer, knowledge, and anxiety about screening procedures. They then were randomly assigned to receive breast cancer education by using an interactive mul...
Phase Boundary Propagation in Li-Alloying Battery Electrodes Revealed by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy

Battery cycle life is directly influenced by the microstructural changes occurring in the electrodes during charge and discharge cycles. Here, we image in situ the nanoscale phase evolution in negative electrode materials for Li-ion batteries using a fully enclosed liquid cell in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) to reveal early degradation that is not evident in the charge–discharge curves. To compare the electrochemical phase transformation behavior between three model materials, thin films of amorphous Si, crystalline Al, and crystalline Au were lithiated and delithiated at controlled rates while immersed in a commercial liquid electrolyte. This method allowed for the direct observation of lithiation mechanisms in nanoscale negative electrodes, revealing that a simplistic model of a surface-to-interior lithiation front is insufficient. For the crystalline films, a lithiation front spread laterally from a few initial nucleation points, with continued grain nucleation along the growing interface. ...
Foreign Body Migration to the Genitourinary Tract

AbstractForeign body migration from the gastrointestinal tract to any of several sites within the genitourinary tract has been well documented. We report 3 such cases involving the upper and lower urinary tract to highlight the varied presentations, manifestations and prognosis associated with this entity.
Treatment of Viral Hepatitis in Children - 2008

• Chronic hepatitis B and C are still detected in infants and children despite widespread screening of blood donors, high-risk groups, and pregnant women. • Incidence of hepatitis B has reduced significantly since the implementation of universal vaccination. • Children with chronic hepatitis B and C are relatively asymptomatic, but may occasionally present with severe sequelae such as liver failure.
γ-Glutamylamine cyclotransferase

γ-Glutamylamine cyclotransferase, an enzyme found in a number of animal tissues and cells, catalyzes the conversion of ∈-(L-γ-glutamyl)-L-lysine to free lysine and 5-oxo-L-proline as well as the release of free amines and the formation of 5-oxo-L-proline from a variety of other L-γ-glutamylamines. Among its substrates are both the mono- and di-γ-glutamyl derivatives of putrescine, spermidine and spermine, and a derivative of ∈-(L-γ-glutamyl)-L-lysine in which both the α-amino group and the carboxyl group of the lysine moiety are blocked. The enzyme does not act on most γ-glutamyl-α-amino acids, nor is it active toward the ∈-lysyl derivatives of L-aspartic acid or D-glutamic acid. Derivatives of ∈-(L-γ-glutamyl)-L-lysine in which the a-amino or the a-carboxyl function of the glutamyl moiety is blocked also do not serve as substrates. The specificity of ∈-glutamylamine cyclotransferase is in accordance with the proposal that it functions biologically in the latter stages of the catabolism of products of the action of transglutaminases. Some suggestions as to the manner in which γ-glutamylamine cyclotransferase serves this function are made based on present knowledge of protein degradation.
Swimming against the unseen tide

"What will our soldiers think when they return to the university and find that they are expected to learn at the feet of a woman?"
The business of medical physics

I have now been a medical physicist at the University of Wisconsin for more than 20 years. My academic career, like that of most other scientists, revolves around research, teaching and chasing grant money. Unlike most of my fellow academics, however, I am also an entrepreneur. My quest for research money has led me to start two companies, one of which – TomoTherapy Inc. – is a Nasdaq-traded public company with more than 600 employees, many of whom are physicists. This gives me a unique perspective on medical physics – a field that has very close links between hospitals, universities and industry.
Creep—Fatigue—Hot Corrosion Interactions in High Temperature Structural Alloys

The prolonged exposure in hot gases under extremes of variable loading cycles presents a most difficult problem for systematic scientific study. Several phenomena observed in the heat resistant structural alloys that prove the existence of creep—fatigue (CF) and creep—fatigue—corrosion (CFC) interactions are discussed herein. It is found, for example, that fatigue fail-safe behavior is eliminated where either creep or hot corrosion or both interact with high cycle fatigue effects. The individuality of high temperature structural alloys is underscored and is shown to be intrinsic with the nature of the dislocation pinning particles. Strong pinning as with fine oxide strengthening particles, result in a frequency dependent anelastic phenomenon that in essence results in cyclic strengthening. These creep—fatigue complications found in actual engineering materials systems, coupled with severe service conditions, present interesting challenges to the development of constitutive life prediction equations for high temperature structural alloys.
EI Approaches to Treating Substance Abuse Disorders in Adolescents

This chapter explores the use of existential-integrative (EI) techniques in the treatment of adolescents presenting with substance abuse disorders, as substance use concerns often run parallel to other mental health concerns. It begins with an overview of the clinical description, incidence, and prevalence of substance abuse disorders in adolescents, followed by a description of the etiology of these disorders. The author then reviews established treatment approaches as well as specific EI techniques that one could apply to the treatment of substance use disorders. Also included is a conceptualization of these disorders from an EI framework. The chapter closes with a composite case example from the author’s own practice.
Complete hazard ranking to analyze right-censored data: An ALS survival study

Survival analysis represents an important outcome measure in clinical research and clinical trials; further, survival ranking may offer additional advantages in clinical trials. In this study, we developed GuanRank, a non-parametric ranking-based technique to transform patients' survival data into a linear space of hazard ranks. The transformation enables the utilization of machine learning base-learners including Gaussian process regression, Lasso, and random forest on survival data. The method was submitted to the DREAM Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Stratification Challenge. Ranked first place, the model gave more accurate ranking predictions on the PRO-ACT ALS dataset in comparison to Cox proportional hazard model. By utilizing right-censored data in its training process, the method demonstrated its state-of-the-art predictive power in ALS survival ranking. Its feature selection identified multiple important factors, some of which conflicts with previous studies.
A Proposal for Lay Mobilization in Evangelism Utilizing Behavioral Technology

In response to the church's need for factual and interpretative data for decision-making processes, a specific data-based approach is proposed for the church's task of lay mobilization in evangelis...
Brand tribalism in technology and sport: determinants and outcomes

Size notwithstanding, brand tribes are prominent across marketplaces; thus, marketers’ strategic efforts to reach and respond to them must be influenced accordingly. Smartphone consumers and collegiate football fans typify such a tribal-laden following. However, quantitative inquiry of determinants and outcomes of smartphone users’ and collegiate football fans’ brand tribalism is lacking. To help fill this research fissure, two studies were employed. For smartphone consumers, Study 1 (N = 190) examines positive affect as a determinant of, and motivational needs as outcomes of brand tribalism. Among others, the results indicate that positive affect antecedes both defense of the tribal brand and positive response toward the tribal brand. In turn, defense of the tribal brand relates positively to need for power, whereas positive response toward the tribal brand relates positively to need for achievement. For collegiate football fans, Study 2 (N = 188) shows that emotions such as pleasure–arousal–dominance antecede defense of the tribal brand and positive response toward the tribal brand. Brand pride is subsequently influenced, which leads to intention to purchase collegiate football offerings. Implications and future research directions are offered.
Encoding Provenance Metadata for Social Science Datasets

Recording provenance is a key requirement for data-centric scholarship, allowing researchers to evaluate the integrity of source data sets and reproduce, and thereby, validate results. Provenance has become even more critical in the web environment in which data from distributed sources and of varying integrity can be combined and derived. Recent work by the W3C on the PROV model provides the foundation for semantically-rich, interoperable, and web-compatible provenance metadata. We apply that model to complex, but characteristic, provenance examples of social science data, describe scenarios that make scholarly use of those provenance descriptions, and propose a manner for encoding this provenance metadata within the widely-used DDI metadata standard.
Carbohydrates and Acetylcholine Synthesis: Implications for Cognitive Disorders

The hypothesis put forward in this chapter is based on correlations of an experimental finding with a set of clinical, a set of pharmacological, and a set of chemical pathological observations. The experimental finding is that even minimal impairment of glucose oxidation by the brain leads to a proportional impairment of the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). The clinical observations are that even mild impairment of cerebral carbohydrate oxidation impairs mentation and specifically cognitive function. The pharmacological observations are that even low doses of drugs which impair cholinergic function (such as atropine and scopolamine) impair mental function, leading to impairments of cognitive abilities very similar to those seen in early senility. The chemical pathological finding is recent evidence of a specific loss of cholinergic cells in senile dementia. Put together, these sets of observations suggest that impairment of cholinergic function in the brain has an important role in the cognitive dysfunction which characteristically accompanies impairment of cerebral carbohydrate oxidation. These observations also suggest that chronic low-grade hypoxia or vascular insufficiency can selectively damage cholinergic cells in the brain and contribute in some elderly people to the development of so called “senile dementia.” These hypotheses are of great potential importance clinically, since conditions in which the supply of oxygen and/or glucose to the brain are impaired are among the major causes of neuropsychiatric disability in the U.S. today (Adams and Victor, 1977). On the other hand, there is no direct evidence linking these sets of data to each other. In the following discussion, each set of observations is described in turn, and then the hypothesis linking them and its experimental and clinical implications are discussed.
REACTIONS OF ATOMS: SILICON AND THE HIGH BOILING METALS. DIRECT SYNTHESES OF ORGANOMETALLICS

The reactions of atomic Si, Mg, Pt, Ni, Co, Al, Dy, etc. with organic substrates occur at -1960, producing organometallic products.
Targeted α-Particle Therapy

The role of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in the treatment of malignancies has increased dramatically over the past decade. Three unlabeled MAbs—rituximab (Rituxan; IDEC Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, and Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA), trastuzumab (Herceptin; Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA), and alemtuzumab (Campath-1H; Burroughs Wellcome, United Kingdom)—have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of lymphoma, breast cancer, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, respectively. These and other unlabeled MAbs kill tumor cells by mediating complement-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (1) and by directly causing apoptosis (2,3).
Integrating Intersectionality when Working with Trans Older Adults

In this chapter, readers learn the importance of using intersectionality theory (Bowleg 2008; Crenshaw 1993) when working with trans older adults to address the multiple identities of race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, social class, and disability, among others in their lives. In addition, providers are encouraged to use a privilege and oppression framework in tandem with intersectionality theory in order to identify the advantages and disadvantages they experience in their everyday lives.
Interpreting Different Features of Shallow Water Acoustic Channels Using Braid Manifolds

We explore different representations of the shallow water acoustic channel using braid manifolds with the objective of interpreting diverse channel phenomena. We propose a novel channel model based on braid manifolds that have the natural ability to detect topologically connected channel features across diverse channel representations in time, delay and their spectral components. We demonstrate the need for different representation domains based on Iocalization goals of channel features across time, frequency and varying degrees of channel sparsity. We also provide a comparison between braid interpretations of the time-varying shallow water acoustic channel across different channel representations based on experimental field data collected in the SPACE08 experiment.
Lead extraction for reduction of chronic pain related to cardiovascular implantable electronic device

AIMS Chronic pain at the cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) generator or lead insertion site that is not otherwise manageable carries a IIA indication for extraction. However, limited data exist evaluating causes of pain and outcomes of extraction in eliminating pain. A multi-centre retrospective observational study was conducted to evaluate outcomes of patients undergoing device extraction for treatment of chronic device pain. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-seven out of 2188 lead extraction candidates (1.3%) met the chronic pain IIA indication for extraction [50 ± 16 years; 14 (51%) women]. Onset, severity, triggers, and pain management were measured before and after extraction. Device type, procedure done (with/without reimplantation), and positive tissue cultures were noted. Pain was reported as constant (n = 14; 50%), intermittent (n = 13; 46%), and movement-triggered (n = 14; 50%). Average severity of pain was seven out of 10 (10 being the worst). Post-extraction, 18 (66%) received freedom from pain, including all patients with poorly formed pockets (n = 2) and subclinical infections (n = 2). Of the 18, 11 underwent reimplantation (61%) without recurrent pain. Nine still had pain (44 ± 17 years; seven women) after extraction. Eight of the nine underwent reimplantation, three on the contralateral chest wall and five ipsilaterally. Pain severity decreased (n = 5), increased (n = 1), or was unchanged (n = 3). CONCLUSION Chronic pain at the CIED generator site can present as chronic or movement-triggered pain, and can be due to subclinical infection or a poorly formed device pocket. Extraction relieved constant and intermittent pain in two-thirds of patients. Extraction appears less successful in eliminating pain in women who undergo subsequent reimplantation.
Detection of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Using Bayesian Additive Regression Trees: The MESA.

Background We developed a new left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) criterion using a machine‐learning technique called Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART). Methods and Results This analysis inc...
Using topic modeling to infer the emotional state of people living with Parkinson's disease.

Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often exhibit facial masking (hypomimia), which causes reduced facial expressiveness. This can make it difﬁcult for those who interact with the person to c...
Revisiting Whether Everyone Should Go to College

Through the years, the “Computing Education” column has addressed significant concerns and counterarguments about making college free. Lately, increased calls for free postsecondary education and data from new employment studies indicate that another discussion on this issue is warranted.