cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Lymphoid leukosis viruses and GS antigen in unincubated chicken eggs.

Summary Lymphoid leukosis viruses and viral group‐specific antigen were found in albumen of unincubated chicken eggs stored at 8°C. Infectious virus was detected for up to 22 days and antigen was stable for 63 days. Tests for virus were conducted on albumen withdrawn from eggs prior to incubation and on extracts of embryos from the same eggs. When albumen was from eggs stored no longer than 6 days, virus was isolated from 20% more albumen samples than embryo extracts. The techniques described should be useful in programmes to eradicate lymphoid leukosis viruses from commercial poultry.
Sister Mary Joseph’s Nodule Presenting as Large Bowel Obstruction: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature

Umbilical metastases, commonly referred to as Sister Mary Joseph’s nodules (SMJN), are rare presenting signs of visceral tumors. So named by Sir Hamilton Bailey in 1949, this form of cutaneous metastasis was first observed by the superintendent nurse of St. Mary’s Hospital in Rochester, MN, USA. As the surgical assistant to Dr. William Mayo, Sister Mary Joseph was the first to note the correlation between umbilical nodules and advanced malignancy. Although the original observation was made in gastric cancer patients, SMJN are found with many visceral malignancies, most commonly gastrointestinal or urogenital in origin. Frequently a sign of advanced cancer and poor prognosis, SMJN occur in 1–3 % of visceral malignancies. The nodules may appear as dermal, subcutaneous, or peritoneal deposits, and are typically 1.0 to 1.5 cm in diameter, although lesions as large as 10 cm have been observed. Nodules are usually firm, irregular, and pigmented; they may also have ulceration or discharge. Overall, 35–65 % of SMJN are of gastrointestinal origin, 12–35 % of genitourinary origin, and 15–30 % represent tumors of unknown primary.
The State Constitutional Pedigree of the U.S. Bill of Rights

A direct comparison between the U.S. Bill of Rights andprominent English common law documents shows that the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution have only a limited relationship to English antecedents. Nor were the amendment proposals by the state ratifying conventions the primary source of the U.S. Bill of Rights. Instead, thisfamous addition to the federal Constitution was a summary of the common core found in the seven existing state bills of rights. James Madison's use of this source rested upon colonial developments in rights theory, contrasting notions of rights in England and America, competing notions of liberty in America in the 1780s, and the political exigencies surrounding the ratification of the U.S. Constitution. As with the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution, the first thing to get clear about the Bill of Rights is that it was neither a sudden, original, spontaneous product of a few minds nor an updated American version of Magna Carta. The Bill of Rights had a long historical pedigree, but that pedigree lies substantially more in documents written on American shores.
USING AGGREGATE VOTING DATA TO MEASURE PRESIDENTIAL COAT-TAIL EFFECTS

Both practitioners and analysts of electoral politics believe that coat-tail effects play an important role in determining the outcome of congressional elections.' Yet, as Miller2 clearly shows, it is very difficult to use aggregate voting data to assess the importance of these presumed effects. If, for example, the President runs well ahead of his party, as did Eisenhower in 1956, the large gap between the President and his party may be taken to indicate the absence of a coat-tail effect. If, on the other hand, the President's party runs as well as he does this can be taken to mean that the President is no more popular than his party and there is once again no coat-tail effect. In this paper, I will present a method of analyzing aggregate voting data to determine the existence and strength of presidential coat-tail effects on senatorial contests. This method will then be applied to the elections of 1956, 1960, and 1964. The 1968 election was excluded because of the complications resulting from the third party candidacy of George Wallace. We can regard the outcome of an election as being determined by two kinds of factors. One is the normal party identification of the voters (which we shall call N). Converse3 has shown that this remains fairly constant over time. The other kinds of factors are short-term forces such as the personal attractiveness of the candidates and short-term fluctuations in the popularity of a party or administration. Miller4 defined a coat-tail influenced vote for Congress as a vote in which the congressional vote decision (as well as the presidential) is
Photoexcited CRY2 Interacts with CIB1 to Regulate Transcription and Floral Initiation in Arabidopsis

Cryptochromes (CRY) are photolyase-like blue-light receptors that mediate light responses in plants and animals. How plant cryptochromes act in response to blue light is not well understood. We report here the identification and characterization of the Arabidopsis CIB1 (cryptochrome-interacting basic-helix-loop-helix) protein. CIB1 interacts with CRY2 (cryptochrome 2) in a blue light-specific manner in yeast and Arabidopsis cells, and it acts together with additional CIB1-related proteins to promote CRY2-dependent floral initiation. CIB1 binds to G box (CACGTG) in vitro with a higher affinity than its interaction with other E-box elements (CANNTG). However, CIB1 stimulates FT messenger RNA expression, and it interacts with chromatin DNA of the FT gene that possesses various E-box elements except G box. We propose that the blue light-dependent interaction of cryptochrome(s) with CIB1 and CIB1-related proteins represents an early photoreceptor signaling mechanism in plants.
Efficient methods for multiple sequence alignment with guaranteed error bounds

Multiple string (sequence) alignment is a difficult and important problem in computational biology, where it is central in two related tasks: finding highly conserved subregions or embedded patterns of a set of biological sequences (strings of DNA, RNA or amino acids), and inferring the evolutionary history of a set of taxa from their associated biological sequences. Several precise measures have been proposed for evaluating the goodness of a multiple alignment, but no efficient methods are known which compute the optimal alignment for any of these measures in any but small cases. In this paper, we consider two previously proposed measures, and give two computationaly efficient multiple alignment methods (one for each measure) whose deviation from the optimal value is guaranteed to be less than a factor of two. This is the novel feature of thse methods. but the methods have additional virtues as well. For both methods, the guaranteed bounds are much smaller than two when the number of strings is small (1.33 for three strings of any length); for one of the methods we give a related randomized method which is much faster and which gives, with high probability, multiple alignments with fairly small error bounds; and for the other measure, the method given yields a non-obvious lower bound on the optimal alignment.
Boundary element method analysis of temperature fields in coated cutting tools

Abstract Two general boundary element techniques are developed for determining the temperature fields in materials containing thin coatings. The first method utilizes a two-dimensional multi-domain approach that is accurate over a wide range of coating thicknesses. The second technique, which is based on a more computationally efficient single-layer approximation, is geared towards applications where the coating thickness is very small. After initially being verified with two simplified test cases, both methods are used to determine the temperature fields of coated and uncoated metal cutting tool inserts. Through generation of results for different coating materials (TiN, TiC, and Al 2 O 3 ) and by comparison with actual experimental data, the accuracy and applicability of the single-domain approximation and multiple-domain methods are discussed as related to machining processes.
Initiation of mammary secretion in rats by electrical stimulation of nervous system.

DURING recent years the interaction of neural and endocrine factors in the initiation of mammary secretion in different species of animals is being increasingly recognized, and it has been shown that electrical stimulation of the uterine cervix of œstrogen-primed virgin female rats can initiate mammary secretion1. In the present experiments, attempts were made to determine whether electrical stimulation of other areas would similarly result in mammary secretion.
Perpendicular resistance of thin Co films in contact with superconducting Nb

Abstract Perpendicular resistance measurements are reported for sputtered Nb/Co/Nb sandwiches where the thickness of the Co was varied from 6nm to 1200nm. These measurements yield a boundary resistance Between the ferromagnetic Co and the superconducting NB of (3.2 ± 0.2) fωm 2 .
Preterm birth: a review of genetic factors and future directions for genetic study.

Preterm birth remains the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality and is likely the result of interactions between specific genes and the maternal or fetal environment. The strong familial clustering of disease with documented increased risks in patients with a personal or family history o
Maintenance Electroconvulsive Therapy for Intractable Parkinson's Disease

The authors administered electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to four patients with intractable Parkinson's disease who were free from depression or dementia. After an initial "acute" phase, subjects received bitemporal maintenance ECT every 3 to 4 weeks for up to 12 months. Serial measures of mood, cognition, and motor function were performed. One subject developed cognitive impairment after seven maintenance treatments, and another developed delusions during the acute phase of the study. The two subjects completing the 12-month maintenance phase noted significant reductions in "off" time without impairment of cognitive functioning.
Cadmium Release from Four Sorbents during Treatment of Contaminated Soils by Catalyzed H2O2 Propagations (Modified Fenton’s Reagent)

The release of heavy metals from soils and subsurface solids is a significant concern during in situ chemical oxidation treatment. The release of cadmium sorbed on four solids of varied properties was investigated in slurries treated by catalyzed H2 O2 propagations (CHP—modified Fenton’s reagent). Cadmium was released in all four solids in CHP reactions conducted at pH 3; however, aqueous cadmium concentrations decreased in CHP reactions conducted at pH 7. Cadmium release at pH 3 was directly proportional to the soil organic carbon (SOC) content of the four solids ( R2 =0.99) , and may have been due to destruction of the SOC by hydroxyl radical in the reactions at pH 3. Scavenging of hydroxyl radical minimized the release of cadmium in CHP systems at pH 3, which is consistent with cadmium release resulting from destruction of SOC by hydroxyl radical. Scavenging of hydroxyl radical in CHP systems at pH 7 resulted in increased cadmium release, compared to pH 7 reactions without the hydroxyl radical scavenge...
Age-related changes in muscles and joints

Aging muscle and joint changes can have a tremendous impact on the functionality of elderly people with and without disabilities. Studies in animal models have shown some potentially beneficial interventions (eg, gene therapy). Further research is needed to ascertain their benefits in humans. A better understanding of mechanisms by which skeletal muscle and joint changes take place in a geriatric population will be helpful to find reasonable ways to prevent age-related change and improve disability. Although some agents have been reported to have significant positive effects, further studies are needed to determine long-term side effects. More information is needed with respect to the changes in muscles and joints in various disabilities.
A modeling framework for design of nonlinear renewable energy systems through integrated simulation modeling and metaheuristic optimization: Applications to biorefineries

Abstract This study presents the development and implementation of a novel framework for optimal design of new and emerging renewable energy production systems by considering an iterative strategy which integrates the Net Present Value optimization along with detailed mechanistic modeling, simulation, and process optimization which yields optimal capacity plan, and operating conditions for the process. Due to the non-linear nature of process conversion mechanisms, metaheuristic algorithms are implemented in the framework to optimize operating conditions of process. Further, to apply complex kinetics in the process, we have made a linkage between process simulator (Aspen Plus) and Matlab. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, a hypothetical case study of a lignocellulosic biorefinery is utilized. The proposed framework results reveal a deviation in optimal process yields and production capacities from initial literature estimates. These results indicate the importance of developing a multi-layered framework to optimally design a renewable energy production system.
PHQ-9 Response Curve: Rate of Improvement for Depression Treatment With Collaborative Care Management

Major depressive disorder is common in primary care. Depression Improvement Across Minnesota-Offering a New Direction (DIAMOND), using a collaborative care model, was first implemented in March 2008 starting with 5 clinics and expanding to more than 70 clinics statewide by 2010. This was intended to improve depression management and to augment the relationship between the patient, the primary care provider, and the psychiatrist. Prior retrospective studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of our program. This study was designed to examine those patients who were in clinical remission (defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] score <5) at 6 months (180 days) after enrollment in collaborative care management. By determining the subsequent PHQ-9 data that were obtained, a PHQ-9 response curve was developed for those patients who did improve. The pilot study demonstrated that there appeared to be rapid response to depression treatment, evident by the first month of treatment and more pronounced in severely depressed patients. Also, it demonstrated that in the patients who did respond, there was no any difference in the remission rates over the study period when evaluated by the initial severity of the depression.
A bacterially expressed single-chain Fv construct from the 2B4 T-cell receptor.

Abstract A single-chain Fv construct of the 2B4 T-cell receptor has been made and expressed in Escherichia coli as bacterial inclusion bodies. After solubilization in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride and formation of mixed disulfides with glutathione, the protein was refolded by diluting out the denaturant and allowing intramolecular disulfide bridges to form by disulfide exchange. Approximately 65-100 mg of refolded protein was obtained from 1 liter of bacterial culture, an appreciable fraction of which was monomeric in nondenaturing solvents. This protein bound to three monoclonal antibodies specific for allotypic or idiotypic determinants on the native 2B4 variable region but did not bind several other anti-T-cell-receptor monoclonal antibodies that lacked such specificity. These experiments show that T-cell-receptor variable regions, like the V regions of antibodies, can form a well-behaved single-chain Fv molecule and provide large amounts of recombinant single-chain Fv T-cell receptor that can be used to study T-cell function.
Toward the deterministic scheduling of Ada tasks

Addresses the problem of scheduling a restricted form of Ada tasks so as to guarantee satisfaction of timing constraints. Specifically, the use of deterministic scheduling for periodic tasks communicating through rendezvous is studied. This extends the work of A.K. Mok (1984) scheduling deterministic rendezvous to a class of nondeterministic rendezvous constructs. A state-space approach is used to generate schedules consistent with task systems written in an Ada subset. An algorithm for searching for valid deterministic schedules among the possible schedules is presented, along with a description of an experimental implementation. The results of scheduling some simple task systems with this implementation are included. >
High speed MIMO-OFDM wireless data transport in 60-GHz radio-over-fiber system multiplexed by optical TDM

A spectrum-efficient MIMO-enhanced 60-GHz RoF system based on optical TDM has been demonstrated. It consists of two QPSK-OFDM MIMO channels with a simple TDM network design as a practical solution for mm-wave MIMO-based wireless communications.
How to generate ordered maps by maximizing the mutual information between input and output signals

A learning rule that performs gradient ascent in the average mutual information between input and an output signal is derived for a system having feedforward and lateral interactions. Several processes emerge as components of this learning rule: Hebb-like modification, and cooperation and competition among processing nodes. Topographic map formation is demonstrated using the learning rule. An analytic expression relating the average mutual information to the response properties of nodes and their geometric arrangement is derived in certain cases. This yields a relation between the local map magnification factor and the probability distribution in the input space. The results provide new links between unsupervised learning and information-theoretic optimization in a system whose properties are biologically motivated.
Thrombophilia in Children: Who to Test, How, When, and Why?

Thrombosis and thrombotic risk factors in children are receiving increased attention, and pediatric hematologists frequently are asked to evaluate children with symptomatic thrombosis, or asymptomatic children who have relatives affected with either thrombosis or thrombophilia. The clinical utility of thrombophilia testing has become increasingly debated, both in adults and children. Children with thrombosis are a heterogeneous group, and it is unlikely that a single approach to testing or treatment is optimal or desirable. A causative role of inherited prothrombotic defects in many pediatric thrombotic events, particularly catheter-related thrombosis, has not been established. Pediatric patients most likely to benefit from thrombophilia testing include adolescents with spontaneous thrombosis and teenage females with a known positive family history who are making choices about contraception. Recent data suggest that some inherited thrombophilic defects are associated with a higher risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in children, though optimal management of these patients has yet to be determined. The decision to perform thrombophilia testing in asymptomatic patients with a family history should be made on an individual basis after discussion with the family. Given that the field of pediatric thrombosis continues to evolve, and the settings in which many of these events occur are unique to childhood, prospective longitudinal analyses of such patients to determine outcome and response to treatment as well as the impact of known thrombophilic states on these outcomes are clearly needed.
Ground-UAV platform geometries for radar imaging

This paper provides a summary of comparative analysis pertaining to a systems trade study with platform geometries that encompass either one, two, or three distributed RF sensing platforms. The discussion is focused on analysis of a basic set of UAV trajectory parameters associated with performing sky-looking radar imaging. The baseline one-platform case corresponds to one ground-based radar transmitter/receiver. The two-platform case involves one ground-based radar transmitter/receiver and one UAV with a passive receiver and the three-platform case involves one ground-based radar transmitter and two UAV's each equipped with a passive receiver. This notional analysis is conducted with a narrow-bandwidth waveform within the L-Band region of the radar spectrum and notional parameters of the moon are adopted for the object-of-interest for radar imaging. Results indicate that the trajectories of the UAV's can be pre-selected to improve comparative radar imaging performance.
Effect of Condition of Animal on the Requirements of Energy for Maintenance of the Bovine

Summary Three sets of monozygous bovine animals (two sets of triplet bulls and one set of twin steers) were used to study the relationship between the feed energy required to maintain body weight and the condition (fatness) of the animal. The animals within each set were fed rations with different contents of energy but which were not limiting in their supply of other nutrients. The rations fed caused certain animals of each set to weigh more and be in higher condition than others in the set. Under these circumstances, the TDN required per unit weight for maintenance increased materially as weight and condition increased. Under the circumstance, where the animals of a set were at the same weight but differed in condition, the animal that was fattest required the most TDN per unit weight for maintenance. The effect of feeding 15 g. thyroprotein to one bull in a set of triplets caused maintenance requirements per unit weight for TDN to be greater than for the bull of the set maintained in very high condition. It was concluded that maintenance requirements for energy per unit weight increase as condition of the animal increases or as effective quantities of thyroprotein are included in the ration of the bovine animal.
First-generation site-response maps for the Los Angeles region based on earthquake ground motions

Abstract Ground-motion records from aftershocks of the 1994 Northridge earthquake and mainshock records from the 1971 San Fernando, 1987 Whittier Narrows, 1991 Sierra Madre, and 1994 Northridge earthquakes are used to estimate site response relative to a rock site for the urban Los Angeles area. Site response is estimated at 232 mainshock and 201 aftershock sites relative to a low-amplitude site in the Santa Monica Mountains. Average amplification values are calculated for the frequency bands: 1 to 3, 3 to 5, and 5 to 7 Hz. These bands are chosen based on limitations in aftershock recording equipment at lower frequencies and reduced significance to the building inventory at higher frequencies. Site amplification factors determined at the instrumented locations are grouped by the surficial geology and contoured to produce a continuous spatial estimation of amplification. The maps in this article represent the first attempt to produce estimates of site amplification based on observations of ground motion for such a large areal extent of the Los Angeles region. These maps are expected to evolve as more data become available and more analysis is done.
Factors in the Path From Lean to Patient Safety: Six Sigma, Goal Specificity and Responsiveness Capability

The purpose of this study is to clarify the impact of lean on patient safety outcomes in hospitals. This paper develops a path model for improving patient safety that includes lean, Six Sigma, goal specificity, and responsiveness capabilities...
Refugees in the City: The Neighborhood Effects of Institutional Presence and Flexibility

This article applies the notion of “neighborhood effects” to compare the resettlement experiences of three newly arrived refugee groups in two urban neighborhoods of the same American city. In light of limited case management support at the city level, refugees' access to neighborhood institutions becomes increasingly critical. We suggest that both the presence and flexibility of refugee-serving institutions, or the ability to respond to the changing demographic composition of newer populations and their needs at the neighborhood level, contribute to refugees' enhanced ability to transition to and navigate their new milieu.
Male sex steroids are responsible for depressing macrophage immune function after trauma-hemorrhage

Recent studies suggest beneficial effects of castration before soft tissue trauma and hemorrhagic shock on splenocyte immune functions. Nonetheless, it remains unknown whether this effect of testosterone depletion is limited to splenocytes or is a generalized effect on immune function. The present study was therefore carried out to determine whether androgen depletion before trauma-hemorrhage also has salutary effects on splenic and peritoneal macrophage as well as on Kupffer cell function, as indicated by interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 release. Male C3H/HeN mice were castrated or sham-castrated 2 wk before the experiment and were killed at 24 h after trauma-hemorrhage and resuscitation. Significant depression of macrophage IL-1 and IL-6 release was only observed in sham-castrated mice, as opposed to normal levels of cytokine release from castrated animals after trauma-hemorrhage. In addition, only sham-castrated animals showed significantly increased levels of IL-6 release from Kupffer cells, which is believed to contribute to the systemic inflammatory response to trauma-hemorrhage. These observations suggest that the beneficial effects of androgen depletion before trauma-hemorrhage are not limited to splenocyte immune functions but are more global in nature. These results in surgically castrated animals suggest that androgen-blocking agents should be studied for their potential to reverse the immunodepression associated with trauma-hemorrhage.
Alterations in tissue reactivity of thoracic duct lymph produced by retention of excess pancreatic secretion.

SummarySudden distension of the pancreatic exocrine system by excess pancreatic secretion releases substances into thoracic duct lymph which initiate an acute inflammatory reaction when injected into rats. Lymph becomes more potent in this respect when either the exocrine duct system or the thoracic duct is obstructed and especially when these two maneuvers are combined.
Stickler: Defending against Malicious Content Distribution Networks in an Unmodified Browser

Website publishers can derive enormous performance benefits and cost savings by directing traffic to their sites through content distribution networks (CDNs). However, publishers who use CDNs must trust they won't modify the site's JavaScript, CSS, images, or other media en route to end users. A CDN that violates this trust could inject ads into websites, downsample media to save bandwidth, or, worse, inject malicious JavaScript code to steal user secrets it couldn't otherwise access. The authors present Stickler, a system for website publishers that guarantees the end-to-end authenticity of content served to users that simultaneously lets publishers reap the benefits of CDNs. Crucially, Stickler achieves these guarantees without requiring modifications to the browser.
The making of a dictionary: a case study in pastoral care and counseling literature.

Tells the story of how the newly published Dictionary of Pastoral Care and Counseling came to be—its origins, principles, and editorial adventures—as a case study toward understanding the contempor...
Light Scattering in the Vicinity of Plasma Frequencies in Pyrite-Type Magnetic Semiconductors

We report the results of an experimental study of surface Raman scattering by q ≈ 0 optical phonons, using excitation frequencies in the vicinity of the plasma frequency ωp. The observed scattered intensity in CuSe2 (ωp ≈ 1.71 eV) is found to follow closely the fifth power of an appropriately defined skin depth, in agreement with theory. Deviations from this dependence are attributed to resonance enhancement caused by interband electronic transitions in the region of interest.
Identity, transcendence and the true self: Insights from psychology and contemplative spirituality

Prof. Dr Carter Haynes is participating in the research project, ‘Biblical Theology and Hermeneutics - Ad Hoc Project “Holiness”’, directed by Prof. Dr Andries van Aarde, professor emeritus and senior research fellow in the Faculty of Theology of the University of Pretoria, South Africa.
By Definition: An Examination of the Process of Defining in Mathematics

Our work as mathematics education researchers in a department of mathematical sciences rests upon a foundation of reflections on our own teaching practices and on the mathematical practices that our preservice mathematics teachers are expected to learn. In the nexus of these reflections sit issues relevant to the learning and teaching of mathematics, and the understanding of these issues requires sustained and systematic research that includes and goes beyond reflecting on practices. We present an example of a teaching episode focused on preparing secondary mathematics teachers to better understand mathematical definitions and the process of creating mathematical definitions. We then examine some historical developments in mathematical practice related to definitions and the defining process and relate these developments to challenges entailed in teaching practice. We conclude with examples of researchable areas embedded in these issues and comment on the impact of our work.
Effect of paracentesis upon the blood-aqueous barrier of cynomolgus monkeys.

Anterior chamber paracentesis disrupts the blood aqueous barrier (BAB) of rabbits and nonhuman primates, but the magnitude and duration of breakdown in monkeys has not been clarified. We have studied anterior chamber paracentesis in cynomolgus monkeys as a potential model of postoperative BAB breakdown. The effect of a single paracentesis upon fluorescein sodium concentration in the anterior chamber after an intravenous injection was measured in 16 eyes of 8 animals. In an additional 10 eyes of 5 animals, aqueous humor was withdrawn for analysis 24 hours and one week following paracentesis. Anterior chamber fluorescein concentration was 57 ± 22 ng/ml (mean ± standard deviation) before paracentesis, rose to 81 ± 47 ng/ml 24 hrs after paracentesis, and was 60 ± 36 ng/ml at 72-96 hours. Twenty-four hours after paracentesis, total protein concentration was elevated, but ascorbic acid and transforming growth factor-jS levels were not. Paracentesis in monkeys has only a small and short lasting effect upon BAB integrity and is therefore unlikely to be a good model for assessing the effect of agents designed to stabilize the BAB. However, the short-lived effect of paracentesis may permit the repetitive collection of "primary aqueous" for physiologic and biochemical studies. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 33:165-171, 1992 Breakdown of the blood aqueous barrier (BAB) occurs after intraocular surgery and may play an important role in the postoperative events that determine surgical outcome. Minimization of BAB breakdown after intraocular surgery is generally assumed to be desirable. Steroidal and nonsteroidal agents have been tested for their ability to reduce BAB breakdown after cataract surgery. 12 The success of glaucoma filtration surgery depends upon the nature and magnitude of the postoperative wound healing response. 3 This response may be influenced by the capability of the BAB to prevent blood-borne cells and molecules from gaining access to the interior of the eye.
Wireless Control for the IoT: Power, Spectrum, and Security Challenges: Poster Abstract

We present recent work in the design and operation of wireless sensor-actuation systems along three aspects. At the device level, a major drive is the reduced power consumption of the wireless transceivers without loss of control performance. At the channel access level, a shared wireless channel needs to be administered between multiple systems with control performance guarantees for all systems. At the application security level, the broadcast nature of the wireless medium raises confidentiality concerns against eavesdroppers who may overhear sensor and actuator measurements.
The nature of masculinity: critical theory, new materialisms, and technologies of embodiment

The titular ‘nature of masculinity’ has a double sense throughout Garlick’s interesting book. Masculinity has a tendency to dominate or to take over nature, to make nature its own. Nature may be as...
El tercer ciclo del carbón en Chile, 1973 a 2013: del climaterio al rejuvenecimiento

Unlike other latecomers, Chilean energy history has been deeply linked to the consumption of coal. Its importance in the energy matrix would decrease since 1953, leaving behind industries and railroads to concentrate on the generation of gas and electricity. This transition initiated a new cycle of coal, characterized by a link with thermoelectric generation. Since 1990, the growth of electric demand has grown coal consumption to the highest levels in history. The objective of this article is to analyze the consumption of coal in the Chilean economy during the last forty years. The hypothesis is that after the decline of coal consumption in the late 1960s, a new era begins in which coal is used to generate thermoelectricity.
Enhanced Antimicrobial Efficacy of Bimetallic Porous CuO Microspheres Decorated with Ag Nanoparticles

The antimicrobial action of porous CuO microspheres (μCuO), Ag nanoparticles (nAg), and bimetallic porous CuO microspheres decorated with Ag nanoparticles (μCuO/nAg) was evaluated against surrogate microorganisms representative of pathogens commonly implicated in foodborne and healthcare-associated human infections. This work addressed the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli (Escherichia coli O157:H7-GFP B6-914), Salmonella (Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage-type PT21), and the Gram-positive bacteria Listeria (Listeria innocua), as well as environmental microorganisms derived from local river water. Compared to particles composed only of CuO or Ag, the bimetallic porous μCuO/nAg particle exhibits enhanced antimicrobial efficacy. The antimicrobial action of bimetallic porous μCuO/nAg particles is dose-dependent, with 50 μg/mL particle concentration completely inhibiting the growth of both the Gram-negative (Salmonella) and the Gram-positive (Listeria) bacteria after 6 h. To assess the mechanism of a...
Two routes for synthesis of phosphoenolpyruvate from C4-dicarboxylic acids in Escherichia coli

Abstract Mutants of E. coli defective in both phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and phosphoenolpyruvate synthetase are unable to use C4-dicarboxylic acids such as succinate and malate as carbon and energy sources for growth. Revertants that have restored function for either one of these enzymes can grow in a malate-mineral medium, but at a reduced rate compared with the growth of wild-type cells. E. coli appears to use two pathways for synthesis of phosphoenolpyruvate from C4-dicarboxylic acids. One of these involves decarboxylation of oxalacetate catalyzed by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. The second pathway makes use of the combined action of malic enzyme and phosphoenolpyruvate synthetase.
Renting the Dream: The Rise of Single-Family Rentership in the Sunbelt Metropolis

In the aftermath of the foreclosure crisis, there has been a marked shift toward renting in the United States, with a large increase in households renting single-family homes. In the 50 largest met...
Impurity Induced Absorption in Transparent Crystals

It is well known that the introduction of impurities or defects into a crystal perturbs the atomic vibrations and, consequently, also any physical properties of the crystal in which the vibrations play a central role.
A Proposed System for the Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Using Raspberry Pi 3

Technology is being used everywhere in our daily life to fulfill our requirements and aid our lives in every sphere including communication, traveling, entertainment, etc. But it has not been used up to its full potential in the field of health care. Real-time monitoring of patients and doctors is the primary concern of any healthcare facility and the conventional methods used in the hospitals are not being able to address these concerns efficiently. Our proposed system aims to provide a better service to the patients as compared to the conventional methods. It comprises of sensors for measuring temperature and pulse rate. A processor working in synchronization monitors the vitals of the patient and sends the captured data to the personal digital assistant (PDA) of head nurse and the doctors. In the PDA, an intelligent application gives statistical data of the vitals of patient in real-time manner. This data is used to analyze the health condition of patient over a period of time as well as monitor the patient in a real-time environment, remotely. We are also incorporating a coronary heart disease (CHD) predicting mechanism to determine whether a patient is susceptible to CHD. This mechanism is based on the concept of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which states that a large number of diseases (immaterial of the amount of severity they pose) can be diagnosed by sensing the pulse variations. This methodology is the foundation on which support vector machine (SVM) is predicting CHD in patients.
The role of gender expectations on word recognition

Socio-indexical and linguistic information bi-directionally interact during speech processing. Information about a speaker’s age, gender, or ethnicity, conveyed through speech or visual cues, can influence how acoustic-phonetic cues are mapped to phoneme categories. For example, in McGowan (2015), Chinese-accented English sentences were presented along with a Chinese face (congruent), Caucasian face (incongruent), or no detailed visual information. Intelligibility scores were significantly higher in the congruent than the incongruent condition. Here, we investigate whether similar effects are observed for talker gender. Participants orthographically transcribed sentences mixed with noise from native American English male and female talkers. A gender congruent or incongruent visual face prime was presented before each sentence. In a control condition, different participants completed the task without the inclusion of visual face primes. Results showed that female talkers were significantly more intelligible than male talkers. Further, a gender congruency benefit was observed for female talkers, but not for male talkers. No incongruency cost was found; intelligibility scores in the incongruent and no-face control conditions did not differ. Although congruency effects were only observed with female talkers, the results suggest that expectations about speaker gender can influence word recognition accuracy similar to previously reported ethnicity effects.
Enhancement of β-catenin/T-cell factor 4 signaling causes susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmia by suppressing NaV1.5 expression in mice

Background β-Catenin/T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) signaling is enhanced in ischemic heart disease in which ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation occurs frequently. How this signaling links to arrhythmogenesis remains unclear. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of β-catenin gain of function in the development of arrhythmia. Methods A mouse model with a conditional deletion of CTNNB1 exon 3 resulting in cardiac exon 3–deleted and stabilized β-catenin (β-catΔE3) was used to determine the role of β-catenin gain of function in the regulation of cardiac rhythm. Results Western blotting showed β-catΔE3 expression and significantly decreased NaV1.5 protein in CTNNB1 E3−/− and CTNNB1 E3+/− mouse hearts. Real-time qRT-PCR revealed significantly decreased NaV1.5 messenger RNA with no changes in Na+ channel β1 to β4 expression in these hearts. Immunofluorescence revealed accumulation of β-catΔE3 in the nuclei of CTNNB1 E3−/− cardiomyocytes. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated nuclear localization of β-catenin in cardiomyocytes, which was associated with significantly decreased NaV1.5 messenger RNA in human ischemic hearts. Immunoprecipitation revealed that β-catΔE3 interacted with TCF4 in CTNNB1 E3−/− cardiomyocytes. Whole-cell recordings showed that Na+ currents and depolarization and amplitude of action potentials were significantly decreased in CTNNB1 E3−/− ventricular myocytes. Electrocardiographic recordings demonstrated that in mice with cardiac CTNNB1 E3−/−, the QRS complex was prolonged and VT was induced by the Na+ channel blocker flecainide. However, cardiac function, as determined by echocardiography and heart/body weight ratios, remained unchanged. Conclusion Enhancement of β-catenin/TCF4 signaling led to the prolongation of the QRS complex and increase in susceptibility to VT by suppression of NaV1.5 expression and Na+ channel activity in mice.
Discrimination at the Margins: The Intersectionality of Homelessness & Other Marginalized Groups

This brief addresses the intersectionality of homelessness and other marginalized groups. It examines six marginalized groups: racial minorities, women, individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, transgender, queer, or questioning (LGBTQ), individuals with a mental disability, incarcerated individuals, and veterans. The brief presents national and Washington State statistics to show how these six marginalized groups are represented in the homeless population compared to the general population. Moreover, it presents some of the causes of homelessness for these marginalized groups. This policy brief is particularly important to homeless rights advocacy because it humanizes the homeless population by outlining who is homeless and why. Categorizing a diverse group of people as “homeless” blanches this diversity by presenting these people as a homogenous group. Homogenizing the people who are homeless facilitates their dehumanization, erasing not only their diverse identities, but also obscuring the diverse causes of their homelessness. Homogenization also encourages erroneous negative stereotypes, assumptions, and prejudices. This brief unveils the diverse identities and causes of homelessness. This unveiling reveals that marginalized groups are disproportionately represented in the homeless population, and are therefore, disproportionately targeted by the ordinances that criminalize homelessness. Moreover, these criminalization laws are evidence of systemic and insidious discrimination of many marginalized groups. Because society has already rejected laws that discriminatorily target many of these same marginalized groups, the results of this study should compel society to re-examine the impact of laws that criminalize homelessness. Ultimately, this brief argues that laws that criminalize homelessness should be rejected because they are discriminatory.
The Honolulu Electronic Town Meeting

This a preliminary report on a recent experience with an old idea—the use of modern electronic communication technologies to increase citizen participation in governmental decision making. A more critical and in-depth evaluation of the exercise will be undertaken later, but I hope this presentation will generate not only helpful and critical comments from readers, but also information about similar exercises elsewhere. Although I have been involved with the project from the beginning, the lion share of the credit must go to Professor Ted Becker of the Political Science, Department of Political Science, University of Hawaii.
Ocular motor manifestations of movement disorders.

Purpose of reviewImpaired eye movements are frequently seen in ophthalmic and neurologic clinical practice, especially in individuals with movement disorders. Identification of the abnormal movement can aid initial diagnosis and improve understanding of the underlying disease pathophysiology. The pr
Volume Completion for Trimmed B-Reps

The increasing interest in B-spline volumetric representations for representing material attributes and for performing simulations has promoted research into volume completion with semi-structured trivariate B-splines. Because of the lack of a watertight representation, such techniques have not been extensible to trimmed B-spline B-reps, the results of Boolean operations on surface models. Starting with a trimmed B-spline B-rep, using recently developed hybrid watertight B-reps, we create a representation for hybrid volume completion. A discussion of the volume completion problem is presented, as well as the new method and results.
Time, Money, and Punishment: Institutional Racial-Ethnic Inequalities in Pretrial Detention and Case Outcomes:

While prior research finds that pretrial detention has downstream consequences for racial inequalities in conviction and sentencing, it is often conceptualized as a discrete event within the crimin...
Chemico-Capacitive Sensing via Dielectric Loading

Capacitive sensing is a powerful, digital-CMOS compatible sensing approach that has been under-utilized in industry beyond proximity sensing. Notable efforts that attempt to broaden the use capacitive sensing have predominantly focused on electrode functionalization that modify the metal surface to capture a targeted molecule that alters its measured capacitance. In the present work we concentrate on a novel use of capacitive sensing via changes to its dielectric layer that adsorb a material of interest, hence leading to measurable differences in its characteristics. Printed interdigitated capacitors capped with dielectrics capable of selectively adsorbing Zn ions and heavy metal ions are presented as examples to the proposed dielectric loading approach. Magadiite (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 ) provides the high selectivity for Zn and Dowex G26 (DG26) ion exchange resin serves as a dielectric with high affinity toward heavy-metal ions. Measured characteristics of these simple but effective capacitors show that they can be especially beneficial in low-cost sensing solutions that seek to qualitatively and quantitatively monitor a given analyte for contamination of a target metal. Moreover, our work attests to significant but little explored potential of capacitive sensing for chemical monitoring with high accuracy and low cost.