cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Bacillus endospores isolated from granite: close molecular relationships to globally distributed Bacillus spp. from endolithic and extreme environments.

Mountains, AZ. Granite was found to contain 500 cultivable Bacillus spores and 10 4 total cultivable bacteria per gram. Many of the Bacillus isolates produced a previously unreported diffusible blue fluorescent compound. Two strains of eight tested exhibited increased spore UV resistance relative to a standard Bacillus subtilis UV biodosimetry strain. Fifty-six isolates were identified by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) and 16S rRNA gene analysis as most closely related to B. megaterium (15 isolates), B. simplex (23 isolates), B. drentensis (6 isolates), B. niacini (7 isolates), and, likely, a new species related to B. barbaricus (5 isolates). Granite isolates were very closely related to a limited number of Bacillus spp. previously found to inhabit (i) globally distributed endolithic sites such as biodeteriorated murals, stone tombs, underground caverns, and rock concretions and (ii) extreme environments such as Antarctic soils, deep sea floor sediments, and spacecraft assembly facilities. Thus, it appears that the occurrence of Bacillus spp. in endolithic or extreme environments is not accidental but that these environments create unique niches excluding most Bacillus spp. but to which a limited number of Bacillus spp. are specifically adapted.
In-Group Versus Out-Group Comparisons and Self-Esteem

This study tested the hypothesis that group status of comparison other (ingroup vs. outgroup) and direcion of compassion (upward vs. downward) interact to affect comparers' self-evaluations and affective reactions. As predicted, individuals who compared unfavorably with in-group members reported lower selfsteem and more depressed affect and made lower ability attributions than individuals who compared unfavorably with out-group members. Furthmore, those who compared unfavorably with out-group members reported levels of self-steem and depressed affect comparable to those who compared favorably with others. Group membership of comparison other did not moderate reactions to downward comparisons. Results are discussed in terms of the self-protective nature of social comparisons.
Training and practice of the next generation HPB surgeon: analysis of the 2014 AHPBA residents' and fellows' symposium survey.

Abstract Background Hepato‐pancreato‐biliary (HPB) surgery is a complex subspecialty drawing from varied training pools, and the need for competency is rapidly growing. However, no board certification process or standardized training metrics in HPB surgery exist in the Americas. This study aims to assess the attitudes of current trainees and HPB surgeons regarding the state of training, surgical practice and the HPB surgical job market in the Americas. Study Design A 20‐question survey was distributed to members of Americas Hepato‐Pancreato‐Biliary Association (AHPBA) with a valid e‐mail address who attended the 2014 AHPBA. Descriptive statistics were generated for both the aggregate survey responses and by training category. Results There were 176 responses with evenly distributed training tracks; surgical oncology (44, 28%), transplant (39, 24.8%) and HPB (38, 24.2%). The remaining tracks were HPB/Complex gastrointestinal (GI) and HPB/minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (29, 16% and 7, 4%). 51.2% of respondents thought a dedicated HPB surgery fellowship would be the best way to train HPB surgeons, and 68.1% felt the optimal training period would be a 2‐year clinical fellowship with research opportunities. This corresponded to the 67.5% of the practicing HPB surgeons who said they would prefer to attend an HPB fellowship for 2 years as well. Overall, most respondents indicated their ideal job description was clinical practice with the ability to engage in clinical and/or outcomes research (52.3%). Conclusions This survey has demonstrated that HPB surgery has many training routes and practice patterns in the Americas. It highlights the need for specialized HPB surgical training and career education. This survey shows that there are many ways to train in HPB. A 2‐year HPB fellowship was felt to be the best way to train to prepare for a clinically active HPB practice with clinical and outcomes research focus.
An Analysis of Latino Male Immigrant Sex Offenders in Florida: The Impact of National Solutions on a Transnational Problem

This article assesses whether deported Latino immigrant sex offenders have similar offense types as each other (by country) and as deported non-Latino immigrants, and how they differ in terms of crimes committed and dispositions. To do so, the authors analyzed data available from the state of Florida, a state with one of the largest Latino populations in the United States. It situates the results of research within the current sociopolitical climate related to immigrants, fear of immigrants and sex offenders, and the nature of transnational migration.
Non-parametric self-calibration

In this paper, we develop a theory of non-parametric self-calibration. Recently, schemes have been devised for non-parametric laboratory calibration, but not for self-calibration. We allow an arbitrary warp to model the intrinsic mapping, with the only restriction that the camera is central and that the intrinsic mapping has a well-defined non-singular matrix derivative at a finite number of points under study. We give a number of theoretical results, both for infinitesimal motion and finite motion, for a finite number of observations and when observing motion over a dense image, for rotation and translation. Our main result is that through observing the flow induced by three instantaneous rotations at a finite number of points of the distorted image, we can perform projective reconstruction of those image points on the undistorted image. We present some results with synthetic and real data.
The Role of Estrogens in the Regulation of Peripheral Glucose Dynamics

While estrogen is an important hormone regulating sexual function and reproduction, it also has numerous nonreproductive functions, including the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Clinical studies indicate that postmenopausal women are at greater risk for the development of type 2 diabetes, and new evidence in the literature supports a direct role for estrogen in regulating glucose metabolism. The primary estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ, are now thought to play critical roles in the regulation of glucose in insulin-sensitive tissues. Increased adiposity occurs in humans and mice as a result of decreased ERα activation, and mice with global knockout of ERα exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Based on this evidence, the beneficial effects of estrogens on glucose metabolism are thought to be mediated by ERα. ERα may regulate glucose by increasing insulin-signaling and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, maintaining GLUT4 expression, and mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress implicated in the development of insulin resistance. ERα and ERβ are known to demonstrate a complex inter-regulatory relationship that varies with the target tissue. Both stimulated by estrogen, the ability of ERα or ERβ to regulate glucose may be dependent on the expression levels and activation of the two receptors in various metabolic tissues. ER isoform-specific agonists and antagonists may prove more beneficial in preventing insulin resistance in postmenopausal women than estrogen treatment alone and should be the focus of future research.
Extending multiresolution time-domain (MRTD) technique to the simulation of high-frequency active devices

We present a new time-domain simulation approach for large-signal physical modeling of high-frequency semiconductor devices using wavelets. The proposed approach solves the complete hydrodynamic model, which describes the transport physics, on nonuniform self-adaptive grids. The nonuniform grids are obtained by applying wavelet transforms followed by hard thresholding. This allows forming fine and coarse grids in locations where variable solutions change rapidly and slowly, respectively. A general criterion is mathematically defined for grid updating within the simulation. In addition, an efficient thresholding formula is proposed and verified. The developed technique is validated by simulating a submicrometer FET. Different numerical examples are presented along with illustrative comparison graphs, showing over 75% reduction in CPU time, while maintaining the same degree of accuracy achieved using a uniform grid case. Tradeoffs between threshold values, CPU time, and accuracy are discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first time in the literature to implement and report a wavelet-based hydrodynamic model simulator. This study also represents a fundamental step toward applying wavelets to Maxwell's equations in conjunction with the hydrodynamic model for accurate modeling of high-frequency active devices aiming to reduce the simulation time, while maintaining the same degree of accuracy.
EFFECTS OF VESICULAR–ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE ON DISTICHLIS SPICATA UNDER THREE SALINITY LEVELS

SUMMARY Inland and coastal populations of the salt-tolerant plant Distichlis spicata were grown under three salinity levels (0, 1000 and 2000 mg Na+ added kg-' soil as NaCl) with and without inoculum of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. Mycorrhizal infection averaged 28 % for the inland plants and 9 % for the coastal plants, and was unaffected by soil salinity. Dry mass of non-mycorrhizal plants was significantly higher at the low salinity for inland plants and at the intermediate salinity for coastal plants. Mycorrhizal roots had higher Na concentrations than did non-mycorrhizal roots, but also had higher K and P concentrations, and thus maintained a high K/Na ratio. Leaf concentrations of Na were similar in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. Excretion by salt glands may serve to maintain constant leaf Na concentrations. Stomatal conductances were the same for mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants at all salinities. While mycorrhizae had little effect on D. spicata in this short-term greenhouse experiment, a full evaluation might require long-term field observations.
Integrin and spectrin homologues, and cytoplasm-wall adhesion in tip growth

Saprolegnia ferax contains an integrin homologue, identified by crossreactivity with antiserum to the consensus sequence of human/chick/Xenopus cytoplasmic domain beta 1-integrin, which is highly conserved. In non-reduced samples, this integrin was larger than the reported size range for beta 1-integrins, at 178 kDa. In reduced samples, there was a reducing agent-concentration-dependent conversion from 178 kDa to 120 kDa, well within the reported size range for beta 1-integrins in other organisms. The integrin antiserum stained plasma membrane-associated patches, which had a shallow tip-high gradient. This population was reduced and its distribution perturbed in hyphae whose growth rate was reduced by half with tetrapentyl ammonium chloride. The expected integrin function in cytoplasm-cell wall attachment was shown by differential resistance to plasmolysis-induced separation, which positively correlated with integrin abundance. However, when there was separation, remnants of cytoplasm stayed attached to the wall. These were enriched in actin and integrin. Saprolegnia also has a spectrin homologue identified by crossreactivity with an erythrocyte spectin antibody, which has a size (246 kDa) similar to other organisms. This spectrin had a superficially similar distribution to that of integrin, but it did not participate in cytoplasm-wall anchoring. These data suggest that Saprolegnia hyphae have a plasma membrane which is strengthened by spectrin, and cytoplasm which is attached to the cell wall by integrin.
Adaptively Reordering Joins during Query Execution

Traditional query processing techniques based on static query optimization are ineffective in applications where statistics about the data are unavailable at the start of query execution or where the data characteristics are skewed and change dynamically. Several adaptive query processing techniques have been proposed in recent years to overcome the limitations of static query optimizers through either explicit re-optimization of plans during execution or by using a row-routing based approach. In this paper, we present a novel method for processing pipelined join plans that dynamically arranges the join order of both inner and outer-most tables at run-time. We extend the Eddies concept of "moments of symmetry" to reorder indexed nested-loop joins, the join method used by all commercial DBMSs for building pipelined query plans for applications for which low latencies are crucial. Unlike row-routing techniques, our approach achieves adaptability by changing the pipeline itself which avoids the bookkeeping and routing decision associated with each row. Operator selectivities monitored during query execution are used to change the execution plan at strategic points, and the change of execution plans utilizes a novel and efficient technique for avoiding duplicates in the query results. Our prototype implementation in a commercial DBMS shows a query execution speedup of up to 8 times.
SONNET: Efficient Approximate Nearest Neighbor Using Multi-core

Approximate Nearest Neighbor search over high dimensional data is an important problem with a wide range of practical applications. In this paper, we propose SONNET, a simple multi-core friendly approximate nearest neighbor algorithm that is based on rank aggregation. SONNET is particularly suitable for very high dimensional data, its performance gets better as the dimension increases, whereas the majority of the existing algorithms show a reverse trend. Furthermore, most of the existing algorithms are hard to parallelize either due to the sequential nature of the algorithm or due to the inherent complexity of the algorithm. On the other hand, SONNET has inherent parallelism embedded in the core concept of the algorithm, which earns it almost a linear speed-up as the number of cores increases. Finally, SONNET is very easy to implement and it has an approximation parameter which is intuitively simple.
Directed Search without Wage Commitment and the Role of Labor Market Institutions

An urn-ball matching model of directed search is analyzed in which the usual assumption of commitment to posted wages is dropped. One-on-one matches lead to a Nash bargained wage but when multiple applicants arrive competition drives the workers down to their continuation value. A minimum wage can act as a commitment device when (as in the USA) willful underpayment carries a stiffer penalty than "inadvertetn underpayment. The theory sheds new light on why firms appear to voluntarily bind themselves into paying higher wages than they would otherwise pay. Robustness to various sources of heterogeneity is considered
Human dendritic cells express functional formyl peptide receptor-like-2 (FPRL2) throughout maturation

Immature and mature dendritic cells (iDC and mDC, respectively) migrate to different anatomical sites, e.g., sites of antigen (Ag) deposi- tion and secondary lymphoid organs, respectively, to fulfill their roles in the induction of primary, Ag-specific immune responses. The trafficking pat- tern of iDC and mDC is based on their expression of functional chemotactic receptors and the in vivo sites expressing the corresponding ligands including chemokines and/or classical chemoattractants. In this study, we have evaluated the expression of the formyl peptide receptor like-2 (FPRL2) by human iDC and mDC. We show that iDC respond chemotactically and by Ca 2 mobilization to N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe and a recently identified synthetic peptide Trp-Lys- Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met (WKYMVm), whereas mDC de- rived from the same donor only respond to WKYMVm. Furthermore, iDC and mDC express FPRL2 mRNA and protein. As mDC do not express any other members of the human FPR subfamily, FPRL2 expressed by DC must be functional and mediate the effect of WKYMVm on DC. Indeed, treatment of iDC and mDC with WKYMVm induces the internalization of FPRL2. Thus, human my- eloid DC express functional FPRL2 and maintain its expression even after maturation, suggesting that the interaction of FPRL2 and its endogenous ligand(s) may be involved in regulating DC traffick- ing during Ag uptake and processing in the periph- ery as well as the T cell-stimulating phase of the immune responses. J. Leukoc. Biol. 72: 598-607; 2002.
Magnetic Structure Responsible for Coronal Disturbances: Theory

Due to the strong coupling between the coronal material and magnetic fields, magnetic structures are probably intimately involved, either actively or passively, in virtually all coronal disturbances. The purpose of this paper is to put into perspective the various roles magnetic fields can play in both exciting and guiding these observed transient phenomena. A discussion of our present theoretical concepts relevant to this subject can be conveniently divided into four categories.
On validating STEP product data exchange

Product data exchange requires exchanging geometrical shape data that may have to be represented differently in the sending and in the receiving system. Since the translation process thereby entailed can lead to errors, emerging exchange standards include numeric invariants computed from the shape. Agreement of these invariants in the sending and receiving system are then used to increase confidence in the translation process. In this paper we show that there are many classes of noncongruent solids for which all the invariants of volume, surface area, moments and products of inertia agree. Thus these quantities alone are insufficient to exclude many translation errors. We also consider whether the examples are realistic and find that in today's constraint-based shape constructions the examples are not unlikely to occur.
The lower Carboniferous rocks of the Castle Hill fault block, Tenby, Pembrokeshire

Castle Hill is a fault block of crinoidal limestones, interbedded calcareous shales, and massive dolomitized limestones and pseudobreccias, occurring at Tenby on the Pembrokeshire coast, southwestern Wales. The age, formerly considered to be Tournaisian, is now suggested to be Visean (Carboniferous), and referable to the Dibunophyllum zone. The new age assignment simplifies the structural interpretation, by which Castle Hill can be considered the faulted inverted limb of an overfold produced by pressure from the south.
Fusion of field studies and the laboratory solves a puzzle in antimalarial resistance

The study of evolutionary processes is necessarily retrospective, but past pathways can lull us into imagining that future changes will generally follow the same trajectory. The arms races between pathogens and drugs provide a particularly useful window to view these events in relatively short time frames. In PNAS, Pelleau et al. (1) provide an excellent demonstration of these selective changes. Their paper details an unexpected mechanism by which Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites responded to the pressure of antimalarial medicines in French Guiana. Their analysis combines long-term surveillance of the parasites in the field with genomic analysis and precise editing of the gene involved to demonstrate interesting twists that organisms use to evade existential threats.
Monoallelic deletion of the microRNA biogenesis gene Dgcr8 produces deficits in the development of excitatory synaptic transmission in the prefrontal cortex

Background Neuronal phenotypes associated with hemizygosity of individual genes within the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome locus hold potential towards understanding the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and autism. Included among these genes is Dgcr8, which encodes an RNA-binding protein required for microRNA biogenesis. Dgcr8 haploinsufficient mice (Dgcr8+/-) have reduced expression of microRNAs in brain and display cognitive deficits, but how microRNA deficiency affects the development and function of neurons in the cerebral cortex is not fully understood.
Gender Matters: Rereading Michelle Z. Rosaldo

Gender Matters: Rereading Michelle Z. Rosaldo. Alejandro Lugo and Bill Maurer. eds. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2000. ix. 252 pp., index.
MOS capacitance measurements for high-leakage thin dielectrics

As oxide thickness is reduced below 2.5 nm in MOS devices, both series and shunt parasitic resistances become significant in capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. A new technique is presented which allows the frequency-independent device capacitance to be accurately extracted from impedance measurements at two frequencies. This technique is demonstrated for a 1.7 nm SiO/sub 2/ capacitor.
Physiologic Nonepileptic Events

A 58-year-old male with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia awoke one morning with a feeling that “everything was spinning” when he sat up to dress. The sensation increased with head movement and was associated with nausea and diaphoresis. He remained awake and was oriented but “woozy.” He called for help and was able to adequately describe his problem. Later in the emergency department, he was diagnosed with vertigo but was admitted due to concerns about stroke. He described accidentally striking his head during yard work 2 weeks earlier. Cardiology evaluated him but found no underlying cardiogenic etiology or evidence of active cardiac disease. A CT of the brain was performed and was normal. Laboratory testing was unrevealing. His symptoms resolved fully within several days following admission to the hospital. He was seen by a neurologist with a normal examination. An MRI of the brain was normal. An EEG was performed and was interpreted as abnormal, demonstrating “generalized spike-and-wave” (Fig. 30.1). He was discharged with a diagnosis of “seizure disorder,” placed on carbamazepine (CBZ), and told not to drive a car. Following discharge he developed persistent nausea and stomach upset and stopped CBZ on his own 2–3 months later. He has otherwise been “fine” and presented for another opinion and desire to drive again.
Acoustic and aerodynamic effects of interarticulator timing in voiceless consonants.

Interarticulator timing is a mechanism for producing linguistic contrasts that is widely used in different languages. This paper explores acoustic and aerodynamic effects of variations in laryngeal...
"This Is Your Life": Telling a Holocaust Survivor's Life Story on Early American Television

AbstractThe appearance of Hanna Bloch Kohner on a 1953 episode of the series This Is Your Life is among the earliest presentations of a Holocaust survivor's personal history on American television. Analysis of the program explores how television—a collaborative, corporate medium—shapes the telling of an individual's life story, and how the program relates the story of the Holocaust in terms of personal history. The article also examines how the program's producers employed television's distinctive characteristics to enable, limit, or otherwise shape the presentation of the Holocaust, and how the episode indicates that its creators understood its subject as being somehow singular, even as the conceptualization of the Holocaust was emerging, before the term Holocaust entered American public discourse. The article also considers how the program reflects the social and political context of post-World War II America in general and postwar American Jewish life in particular. Finally, the article considers how analysis of this program offers insight into other, later presentations of the Holocaust on American television, especially those dealing with the life story of an individual survivor. (Yiddish Studies/Jewish ethnology)
Preparation of High Tc Superconductor Films by the LPE Technique

A model is proposed for preparing high Tc superconductor films by the liquid phase-epitaxial technique. This model is based on the solidification phenomena of non-stochiometric melts along the liquidus of the pseudobinary phase diagram, constructed analytically from a hypothetical ternary system. To test the validity of this model, the Y2O3-CuO-BaO and Bi2O3-CuO- (Sr,Ca)O ternary systems were chosen for studies. The experimental data of the LPE-grown high Tc superconductor films in terms of x-ray diffraction patterns, resistance versus temperature data, and a.c. susceptibility are in good agreement with those obtained from other standard techniques.
Oxygen, hydrogen donors and radiation response.

No other chemical has been as widely studied as oxygen and yet continues to be such an intensive subject of study as a sensitizer of mammalian cells (Alpher, 1979; Elkind and Sinclair, 1965; Puch and Marcus, 1956; Hall, 1978; Groesch and Hopwood, 1979). The early studies of Gray et al., 1958, Fig. 1, indicate that as the oxygen concentration is lowered there is a corresponding decrease in the radiation response of cells. The relative radiosensitivity of cells increases rapidly between 0 and 0.3% oxygen. Further increases occur until approximately 30 mm oxygen after which additional increases are very small. The OER (Oxygen Enhancement Ratio), or relative radiosensitivity, varies between 2 and 3.5 for the majority of cells (Hall, 1978). Oxygen has been studied as a sensitizer because of the problem thought to occur in vitro with human tumors. Human tumor cells outgrow their blood supply resulting in a decreased availabiltiy of oxygen and resulting in hypoxic and anoxic tumor areas which may exhibit a decreased radiation response. The chief cause of the oxygen effect in vivo is due to the consumption of oxygen by the tumor cells. The metabolic utilization of oxygen decreased the distance to which it may penetrate in the cells more distant from the capillaries. Unlike the physiological situation, most experiments are performed in vitro with cells that have been equilibrated with a nitrogen-carbon dioxide gas mixture for a period of time that insures the depletion of the dissolved oxygen. These procedures are laborious and require special equipment. A simpler way of demonstrating the oxygen effect is to concentrate cells into a dense suspension approaching in vivo cell densities. We have found that cells under these conditions exhaust their supply of oxygen within minutes (Fig. 2) and may be immediately irradiated, diluted and plated for survival assays.
The Impact of Contractual Limitation Provisions on State Abandoned Property Liabilities of Businesses

The author looks at the impact of contractual limitation provisions on the state abandoned property liabilities of businesses. The state should enjoy no better rights than the customer or vendor does to claim the payment from the holder, the author says. Under a proper application of state abandoned property laws, a business should not be considered to be holding unclaimed property for its customer or vendor unless there is a contract between the parties that gave rise to a fixed and liquidated liability of the business, the author writes.
Family Members' Perceptions of Actual and Ideal Maternal Roles as a Function of Maternal Employment

-Using Arnott's 1972 scale, ideal and actual maternal sex-role attitudes were assessed for father, mother, and an adolescent family member in 181 rural and urban families from the midwestern United States. Although family members' perceptions of the attitudes were significantly and positively correlated, adolescents were significantly less traditional than their parents, and mothers less traditional than fathers. For all family members, ideal and actual maternal roles were closest when mothers were actually employed part-time. Furthermore, family members agreed more on mother's actual role (both in terms of high correlations and smaller mean differences) than on mother's ideal role.
The Role of Applications in Pure Mathematics

(1979). The Role of Applications in Pure Mathematics. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 86, No. 4, pp. 245-253.
Coroporpphyrin Studies in Children. I. Urinary Coproporphyrin Excretion in Normal Children.

Summary1. The urinary coproporphyrin excretion on 24-hour urine collections has been determined on a group of normal healthy boys aged 6 to 16 by the new improved method. 2. The urinary coproporphyrin level correlates closer with body weight than with age or surface area. 3. The urine coproporphyrin excretion in children is probably abnormal if the determination in a 24-hour collection is twice the standard deviation above the mean for the group the individual belongs to by weight.
Characterizing Biofuel Combustion with Patterns of Real-Time Emission Data (PaRTED)

Emission properties and quantities from combustion sources can vary significantly during operation, and this characteristic variability is hidden in the traditional presentation of emission test averages. As a complement to the emission test averages, we introduce the notion of statistical pattern analysis to characterize temporal fluctuations in emissions, using cluster analysis and frequency plots. We demonstrate this approach by comparing emissions from traditional and improved wood-burning cookstoves under in-field conditions, and also to contrast laboratory and in-field cookstove performance. Compared with traditional cookstoves, improved cookstoves eliminate emissions that occur at low combustion efficiency. For cookstoves where the only improvement is an insulated combustion chamber, this change results in emission of more light-absorbing (black) particles. When a chimney is added, the stoves produce more black particles but also have reduced emission factors. Laboratory tests give different result...
Opto-Electronic Properties and Stability of Artificial Zinc Oxide Molecules

The Hartree-Fock (HF), restricted open shell HF (ROHF), and multiconfiguration self-consistent field (CI/CASSCF/MCSCF) approximations are used to study computationally the electronic properties of zinc oxide artificial molecules whose structure and composition have been derived from those of the symmetry elements of the wurtzite bulk lattice of zinc oxide. Such molecules may provide realistic models for small ZnO quantum dots (QDs) synthesized in “vacuum” or quantum confinement (such as that of well-defined nanopore arrays of silica and alumina membranes) using variety of methods in particular, supercritical fluid deposition. The computational direct optical transition energy (OTE) of the confined molecule appears to be several times smaller than that of the corresponding vacuum cluster. The charge and spin density distributions of these molecules (CDDs and SDDs, respectively) differ significantly, revealing dramatic effects of quantum confinement on electronic properties of Zn-O clusters. The obtained results suggest that manipulations with the electronic properties of the confined clusters by sophisticated design of their quantum confinement may provide means for synthesis of Zn-O – based electronic materials that combine a wide, tunable band gap with large, tunable exciton binding energy.
Simultaneous determineation of arsenic and selenium in tea by atomic fluorescence spectrometry

Objective:A method for the simultaneous determineation of arsenic and selenium in the tea by atomic fluorescence spectrometry has been developed.Methods:The sample was dissolved with HNO3-HCLO7,and analyzed by AFS-9130 double-channel atomic fluorescence spectometor.Results:Under the best condition,the relation standard deviation of arsenic and selenium was 5.58% and 5.92%.The detection limit of the atsenic and selenium was 0.0020 mg/kg and 0.0038 mg/kg.The coveries of arsenic and selenium ranged form 91.0% to 99.1% and 95.0% to 98.3%.Conclusion:The above method is highly sensilive,repeatable and applicable.
Establishment of fast PCR assay 5 species genes for Streptococcus Suis serotype 2 and its application to detect strains isolated from Jiangsu

Objective To develop the fast PCR for detecting 5 species genes(16s rRNA,cps,mrp,ef and sly) of Streptococcus suis serotype 2.Methods According to the five pairs of specific primers,established the method by using efficient polymerase and optimize reaction program.Results It spent 30 minutes in detecting five species gene of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 in one PCR system.It is quick and sensitive.The specificity and fidelity were the same as General PCR,but it spent 1/3 time.Conclusion This method can be applied to epidemiological surveillance and rapid detection of outbreaks for Streptococcus suis serotype 2.
Simultaneous determination of eighteen organic pollutants in drinking water by capillary gas chromatography

Objective To develop a method for analysis of eighteen organic pollutants in drinking water. Methods The eighteen organic pollutants including 1,4-dichlorobenzene,1,2-dichlorobenzene,1,3,5-trichlorobenzene,1,2,4-trichlorobenzene,1,2,3-trichlorobenzen,hexachlorobenzene,α-HCH,β-HCH,γ-HCH,δ-HCH,4,4'-DDE,4,4'-DDD,2,4'-DDT,4,4'-DDT,heptachlor,hexachlorobutadiene,chlorothalonil,deltamethrin in drinking water were simultaneously determined by DB-5 capillary column-gas chromatography(electron capture detector) using temperature programming. Qualitative analysis was done by retention time and quantitative analysis by external standard method. The chromatographic conditions and detection limits were studied and optimized,and applied to detect the eighteen organic pollutants in practical drinking water samples. Results Under the optimal experimental conditions,the eighteen organic pollutants were separated well. The average recoveries were in the range of 80% ~ 107%,the relative standard deviations were from 0. 9% to 3. 4%,and the detection limit was between 0. 001 μg /L and 0. 1 μg /L. Conclusion The developed method is simple,sensitive,accurate,with good accuracy and precision. It can be used to determine a variety of organic pollutants in drinking water simultaneously.
Penile Blood Flow and Musculovascular Events During Sleep-Related Erections of Middle-Aged Men

The relationships among penile segmental pulsatile blood flow, pelvic musculovascular events, phases of nocturnal penile tumescence, and sleep stages were studied by all-night polysomnography in 23 healthy middle-aged men. Penile blood flow peaked during maximal tumescence. Bursts of phasic musculovascular activity were more frequent during ascending and maximal tumescence than during detumescence and baseline. Both penile blood flow and the number of musculovascular events increased during REM sleep. These data describe important local aspects of penile erectile mechanisms in normal men. The findings on musculovascular events support the notion that the bulbocavernosus-ischiocavernosus muscles have a role in human penile erection.
Should we prescribe antibiotics for acute otitis media

Based on this review and the systematic reviews of Rosenfeld and Kozyrskyj, antibiotics appear to play a small but potentially useful role in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. Antibiotics produce a reduction in pain at two to seven days but have no effect on tympanometry, audiometry, contralateral otitis media or rate of recurrence. Further randomized trials comparing delayed treatment for 48 to 72 hours with immediate antibiotic therapy appear to be warranted in low-risk populations.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Welfare-to-Work Program Managers’ Expectations and Evaluations of Their Clients’ Mothering:

Dominant ideologies about poverty in the USA draw on personal responsibility and beliefs that a ‘culture of poverty’ creates and reproduces inequality. As the primary recipients of welfare are sing...
Perspective Transformation via Service-Learning in Family Life Education Methodology

Tobias discusses an upper-division Family Life Education Methodology course at the Stark Campus of Kent State University. The goals of the course include introducing and internalizing Family Life Education (FLE) as a professional identity, exploring how FLE can benefit communities through preventative programming, and allowing students to learn firsthand the process for establishing preventative programming for a community partner through the use of a modified service-learning project. Discussion focuses on course design including team creation, topic/need identification and student project/programming creation as well as high-impact elements embedded throughout the course.
The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL promotes migration and invasion in colorectal cancer

The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) TYRO3, AXL and MERTK (TAM) have well-described oncogenic functions in a number of cancers. Notwithstanding, TAM RTKs are also potent and indispensable inhibitors of inflammation. The combined deletion of Axl and Mertk in mice enhances chronic inflammation and autoimmunity, including increased inflammation in the gut and colitis-associated cancer. On the other hand, deletion of Tyro3 increases the risk of allergic responses. Therefore, the indiscriminate inhibition of these TAM RTKs could result in undesirable immunological diseases. Here we show that AXL, but not MERTK or TYRO3 expression is enhanced in late stage colorectal cancer (CRC) and AXL expression associates with a cell migration gene signature. Silencing AXL or the inhibition of AXL kinase activity significantly inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion. These results indicate that the selective inhibition of AXL alone might confer sufficient therapeutic benefit in CRC, while preserving at least some of the beneficial, anti-inflammatory effects of MERTK and TYRO3 RTKs.
Ancient and contemporary expressions of panentheism

Panentheism has been one major view of God and the God-world relation for many centuries. It is a middle view between classical theism on the one hand and pantheism on the other. This essay examines several expressions of panentheism. It begins with two ancient expressions, one by Plotinus and the other by Ramanuja. It then considers some reasons for the rise of panentheism in recent decades. One example of this rise is Charles Hartshorne's dipolar expression. After exploring Hartshorne's view, the article concludes by noting several objections to panentheism.
Active Site Interactions Impact Phosphoryl Transfer during Replication of Damaged and Undamaged DNA by Escherichia coli DNA Polymerase I

Replicative DNA polymerases are able to discriminate between very similar substrates with high accuracy. One mechanism by which E. coli DNA polymerase I checks for Watson–Crick geometry is through a hydrogen bonding fork between Arg668 and the incoming dNTP and the minor groove of the primer terminus. The importance of the Arg-fork was examined by disrupting it with either a guanine to 3-deazaguanine substitution at the primer terminus or the use of a carbocyclic deoxyribose analog of dUTP. Using thio-substituted dNTPs and differential quench techniques, we determined that when the Arg-fork was disrupted, the rate-limiting step changed from a conformational change to phosphodiester bond formation. This result indicates that Arg668 is involved in the phosphoryl transfer step. We examined the role of the Arg-fork in the replication of four DNA damaged templates, O6-methylguanine (O6-mG), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (oxoG), O2-[4-(3-pyridyl)-4-oxobutyl]thymine (O2-POB-T), and N2-[(7S,8R,9S,10R)-7,8,9,10-tetrahy...
Abstract 16721: The Effects of Spontaneous Gasping on Hemodynamics During Chest Compression in a Rat Model of Cardiac Arrest

Objective: We have previously demonstrated that spontaneous gasping during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves the success of resuscitation in both pig and rat models of CPR. However, whether gasping is an indicator of better cerebral perfusion or gasping itself improves hemodynamics during CPR remains to be investigated. In the present study, we investigate the changes of coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) before and after gasping in a rat model of CPR. Hypothesis: Spontaneous gasping during CPR improves both CPP and ETCO2. Methods: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was electrically induced in 12 Sprague Dawley rats. Precordial compression (PC) was initiated after 6 min of untreated VF. Defibrillation was attempted after 8 min of PC. CPP and ETCO2 were measured immediately prior to and after each gasp during PC5 and PC8 (Figure 1). Results: Both CPP (p=0.02) and ETCO2 (p=0.03) were significantly increased after gasping (Figure 2). Conclusions: Spontaneous gasping increases CPP and ETCO2 during CPR in a rat model of cardiac arrest. Figure 1. Arterial and right atrial blood pressure and ETCO2 waveforms during CPR. Figure 2. CPP and ETCO2 changes at pre-gasping and post-gasping. * p
How low can you go

Extremely low numbers of active epidermal growth factor receptors are sufficient to drive tumor growth.
Infusion Doping of Tunnel Junctions

One of the problems confronting the experimenter who wishes to study organic monolayers by electron tunneling is that of introducing organic molecules into the tunneling structure. The descriptive term “doping” will be used to describe this process. As can easily be seen from other chapters in this book and from a study of the literature in this field,(1–6) organic molecules with a wide variety of properties are studied by electron tunneling, and several doping techniques have evolved to accommodate them. To be successful the technique must achieve a stable coverage of one monolayer or less inside the tunnel junction. The doping procedure must not cause unwanted chemical changes in the deposit such as decomposition due to heating or reaction with the chamber walls. Impurities must be excluded and the deposited monolayer must be stable during the remaining fabrication steps. Hope has been placed in the possibility that tunneling spectroscopy will become a routine tool for analysis of monolayers of organics. Since taking the spectra from a prepared tunnel junction is relatively easy to do, it remains for junction fabrication and doping techniques to develop to the degree that junctions can be prepared and doped easily and under a wide variety of conditions of interest to the surface chemist.
Examining the Sexual Health Consequences of Alcohol Consumption Among Black Gay and Bisexual Men.

BACKGROUND Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV infection. Efforts are needed to understand correlates of HIV risk among this group. Alcohol consumption may have a role in HIV transmission given its association with condomless sex. This study aimed to examine the association between alcohol consumption (i.e., drinking before/during sex and levels of alcohol use problems) and condom use during lifetime, past 6 months, and the event (i.e., a specific sexual episode) level. METHODS Black MSM (N = 102) reported sexual behavior and condom use for lifetime, past 6 months, and the most recent condom and condomless sex events. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) determined alcohol use problems. RESULTS Ordinal and binary regression analyses analyzed associations between AUDIT scores and condomless sex (receptive and insertive). AUDIT scores were associated with a greater likelihood of condomless sex (lifetime receptive sex: OR = 1.06, p < 0.05; past 6 months insertive sex: odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, p < 0.01). At the event level, there was no greater likelihood of drinking during last condomless sex as compared to last condom sex, χ2 (1) = 0.18, p = 0.39. CONCLUSIONS There was evidence that an increase in alcohol use problems was associated with a greater likelihood of risky sexual behavior. Drinking before/during sex was not related to condom use. These findings contribute to understanding the nuanced relationship between alcohol use and sexual risk.
Product Representations by Values of Rational Functions

In this chapter I prove that every positive integer may be represented as a product of the values of certain completely reducible rational functions. This will be an example in the systematic application of the method of Chapter 15. An essential role will be played by a ring of operators.
Myocardial Fibrosis and Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia in a Thoroughbred Filly

Abstract A 16-month-old Thoroughbred filly was evaluated for lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea, and signs suggestive of colic. Rapid ventricular tachycardia with a heart rate of 210 beats/min was identified on initial physical examination. Multiple doses of lidocaine transiently restored sinus rhythm. Echocardiography revealed several foci of variably increased echogenicity within the left ventricular myocardium, including an area of marked transmural hyperechogenicity and endocardial depression suspected to be chronic scar tissue of the left ventricular free wall. Serum cardiac troponin I concentration was markedly elevated. Because of the recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmia and echocardiographic findings, the filly was euthanized. Postmortem examination demonstrated multifocal, acute myocardial necrosis and an area of chronic myocardial fibrosis in the left ventricular free wall. The exact cause of the myocardial lesions remains undetermined; however, the chronic fibrosis is suspected to have resulted from myocardial injury or infarction associated with cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation when the filly was 5 days old.
Prenatal hypoxia impairs cardiac mitochondrial and ventricular function in guinea pig offspring in a sex-related manner

Adverse intrauterine conditions cause fetal growth restriction and increase the risk of adult cardiovascular disease. We hypothesize that intrauterine hypoxia impairs fetal heart function, is susta...
Comparing Immunofluorescent versus H&E Glandular Architecture Features in Prognostic Models from Prostate Biopsies

Determining the best treatment for prostate cancer patients with a newly diagnosed positive biopsy can be challenging. Multivariate prognostic models are often employed to stratify patients into risk populations. Many models leverage quantitative features derived from morphological analysis of the tumor architecture in the biopsy specimen. The vast majority of these features are derived from analyzing standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images. Immunofluorescence (IF) image analysis of tissue pathology has also recently been proven to be robust. In this work, we constructed multivariate models for prostate cancer prognosis comparing the usage of previously published IF vs H&E features. In images from 304 patients, the IF features prognostically outperform the H&E features. The IF feature model also exhibits consistent training vs validation performance, an important consideration when developing models subject to regulatory oversight. This paper presents the first evaluation of comparing previously published H&E and IF morphological features head-to-head in prognostic models from prostate biopsies.