cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Empirical Research on Systems Thinking and Practice in the Engineering Enterprise

The paper discusses recent and ongoing research on engineering systems thinking and practices within the Engineering Systems Division at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. . The research seeks to impact the effectiveness of systems engineering in modern enterprises through development of new empirical-based knowledge related to systems thinking and practice in engineering. The paper will discuss research progress and outcomes to date as they apply to improving the effectiveness of systems engineering practice and competency development in industry, government and academia. The research involves highly collaborative engagement, use of grounded theory methods, and both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The challenges and lessons learned in performing research of this nature and applying non-traditional methods in systems engineering research are discussed.
A general closed-form solution for the overall response of piezoelectric composites with periodic and random particulate microstructures

In this paper, we make use of a new iterative homogenization technique in finite electroelastostatics (Lopez-Pamies, 2014) to derive a closed-form solution for the overall response of two-phase piezoelectric composites with particulate microstructures. The calculations amount to solving a system of Riccati differential equations for the effective elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric tensors of the composites, where the volume fraction of the inclusions plays the role of independent variable. The solution is valid for any choice of piezoelectric behaviors for the underlying matrix and inclusions, and any choice of the one- and two-point correlation functions describing the microstructure. In addition to discussing the key theoretical and practical features of the solution, its descriptive and predictive capabilities are illustrated via comparisons with a broad range of experimental data and full-field simulations (available from the literature) for composites with periodic and random distributions of inclusions of various shapes.
Production and upgrading of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using heterogeneous catalysts and biomass-derived solvents

High yields of HMF from glucose can be achieved using biomass-derived solvents and a combination of solid Lewis and Bronsted catalysts in a salt-free reaction system. The HMF produced in this system can be oxidized to FDCA or hydrogenated to DMF, both being high-value chemicals.
Changing representations of place, community, and character in the Spanish Sierra del Caurel

The peasants of the mountain interior of Spanish Galicia often represent themselves to powerful “outsiders” as a culturally marginal, degraded, or disadvan-taged group. Their negative self-portraits tend to reflect and inspire higher-ranking Spaniards' appraisals of them as “uncivilized” people living in “primitive” environments. This article examines the interests, motives, and strategies that condition this dialogue between subordinate and superordinate groups as it develops in a particular community. The discussion focuses on three successive historical periods that evidence changes in villagers' interactions with state authorities, in their specific representations of themselves to outsiders, and in their perceptions of their place in Spanish society. [peasant-state relations, representations of community, resistance and identity, Spanish Galicia, western Europe]
Medical emergency team response for the non-hospitalized patient

Objectives Rapid response systems (RRS) evolved to care for deteriorating hospitalized patients outside of the ICU. However, emergent critical care needs occur suddenly and unexpectedly throughout the hospital campus, including areas with non-hospitalized persons. The efficacy of RRS in this population has not yet been described or tested. We hypothesize that non-hospitalized patients accrue minimal benefit from ICU physician participation in the RRS.
Developmental constraints on limb growth in domestic and some wild canids

The domestic dog varies remarkably in limb size. Presumably, such differences in limb size stem from inequities in postnatal specific growth rate. I test this hypothesis by examining the postnatal growth of limb bones (40–250 days post-partum) in four dog breeds of dramatically different adult size; Lhasa Apso, Cocker Spaniel, Labrador Retriever and Great Dane. The results show that the limb bones of these four breeds have similar specific growth rates throughout most of postnatal development. Thus, proportionate differences in limb bone length are established during perinatal growth (0–40 days post-partum) or before birth. Comparisons of postnatal growth in the Great Dane and two wild canids of dramatically different leg length, the Bush dog (Speothos venaticus) and the Maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) also show a near congruency of specific growth rate curves. However, despite these similarities, the adult limb proportions of small dogs and small wild canids are different. Dogs also differ from wild canids in the relative variability of gestation time. All dogs have a similar gestation period of 60–63 days which is independent of birth weight, whereas the two are directly related in wild canids. I suggest that small dogs may differ in limb proportions from small wild canids because the latter have a shorter gestation period. Thus, the relative invariability of gestation time in domestic dogs may act as a fundamental constraint on their morphologic variability.
Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness

The article reviews the book “Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness,” by Daniel R. Denison.
Differential regulation of functional responses by β-adrenergic receptor subtypes in brown adipocytes

Brown adipose tissue contains both β1- and β3-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs), and whereas both receptor subtypes can activate adenylyl cyclase, recent studies suggest that these subtypes have differe...
You can run but you can't hide: tracking T cells in metastatic melanoma patients treated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Meeting abstracts Adoptive T cell therapy using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) for patients with metastatic melanoma has been shown to have a 45-50% response rate as demonstrated by multiple institutions worldwide. However, understanding how long infused T cells persist in patients remains
Orthotic body-weight support through underactuated potential energy shaping with contact constraints

Body-weight support is an effective clinical tool for gait rehabilitation after neurological impairment. Body-weight supported training systems have been developed to help patients regain mobility and confidence during walking, but conventional systems constrain the patient's treatment in clinical environments. We propose that this challenge could be addressed by virtually providing patients with body-weight support through the actuators of a powered orthosis (or exoskeleton) utilizing potential energy shaping control. However, the changing contact conditions and degrees of underactuation encountered during human walking present significant challenges to consistently matching a desired potential energy for the human in closed loop. We therefore introduce a generalized matching condition for shaping Lagrangian systems with holonomic contact constraints. By satisfying this matching condition for four phases of gait, we derive control laws to achieve virtual body-weight support through a powered knee-ankle orthosis. We demonstrate beneficial effects of virtual body-weight support in simulations of a human-like biped model, indicating the potential clinical value of this proposed control approach.
A Laboratory Method for Continuously Rearing the Green Stink Bug

The green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), attacks many wild and cultivated hosts. Recently it has been demonstrated to transmit Nematospora coryli Peglion, the fungus causing yeast-spot disease of soybeans (Daugherty 1967).
Beyond Risk and Anxiety: New Directions in Psychodynamics and Organization Theory

Given the resonances between psychodynamic approaches and issues of current concern in organization studies, we believe it is time for a re-assessment of the core assumptions of psychodynamic approach to ask where we can push the theory to account for a wider array of organizational phenomena; and in turn to ask how wider conversations in mainstream organization theory can be enriched by a psychodynamic approach. To that end, this symposium aims to present three papers that use empirical case studies to push the bounds of psychodynamic theorizing and put that theorizing in dialogue with existing conversations in organization theory. Through each paper, we inquire into the opportunities of using a psychodynamic approach and point to places where both psychodynamic theory and mainstream organization theory can benefit from a deeper dialogue between the two. Trust in Systems that Oscillate Between Face-to-Face and Networks Presenter: Thomas N. Gilmore; Center for Applied Research The Psychodynamics of Organi...
Electron microscopy of skin and peripheral blood lymphocytes in the diagnosis of early infantile (Santavuori) neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis

The classification and diagnostic histopathological features of the various types of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (Batten’s disease) will be described briefly. An account will then be given of 2 siblings with the early infantile (Santavuori) type in whom the diagnosis was made by electron microscopy of skin biopsies and peripheral blood lymphocytes. In both patients characteristic osmiophilic inclusion bodies were found in various cells in the skin and in lymphocytes. In one patient lymphocyte inclusions were detected before the onset of any symptoms as a result of a family study. This indicates the possibility of screening lymphocytes of siblings of affected patients with a view to early detection of the disorder. Antenatal diagnosis by electron microscopy of foetal lymphocytes may also be possible if the inclusions develop early enough in foetal life. As studies to determine this do not appear to have been done, every opportunity should be taken to examine material from foetuses at risk for the disease.
The “NO” tipping point

[Comment on Hsu et al, page 3088][1]Pulmonary hypertension in sickle cell anemia, an important risk factor for early mortality, may be caused by intravascular hemolysis leading to decreased NO bioavailability. Malcolm Gladwell in his bestseller The Tipping Point: How Little Things Make a Big
Effect of Rehearsal Modality on Knowledge Retention in Surgical Trainees: A Pilot Study

Objective The operating room is an exciting learning environment. With growing curriculum limitations and increasing complexity of care, existing education opportunities need to be optimized. Rehearsal has benefits for surgeon performance in the operating room, but its role for enhancing operative learning remains unclear. This pilot study aimed to differentiate the effects of physical rehearsal (PR) and cognitive rehearsal (CR) modalities on surgical trainee technical knowledge retention. Design Participants took part in a 2-day (sequential Fridays), instructed operative workshop performing midline laparotomy, splenectomy, left nephrectomy, and hand-sewn, side-to-side small bowel anastomosis (SBA). Participants were randomized to 10 minutes of either a (PR; n = 5) or (CR; n = 5) activity each day before operating. PR consisted of practicing SBA on a felt bowel model. CR entailed viewing narrated operative footage detailing the steps of SBA. Participants' technical knowledge of all procedures was assessed at 1 and 12 weeks postworkshop using a 31-question test. Setting Animal operative suites at an academic medical center. Participants A total of 10 general surgery postgraduate year 1 interns participated in the workshop; all completed the study. Participants had similar levels of operative exposure at the time of study participation. Results At 1-week postworkshop, mean assessment scores for CR were higher than PR (Mean ± Standard Deviation) (CR = 24.7 ± 1.6 vs. PR=21.8 ± 1.7, p=0.02). After 12 weeks, there was no difference in mean scores (CR = 23.3 ± 2 vs. PR=21.7 ± 1.8, p=0.22). Knowledge decay for the 12-week period was similar between groups (CR = −1.4 ± 1.6 vs. PR=−0.1 ± 2.4, p=0.36). Study participants performed better on SBA-related questions than unrelated questions (laparotomy, splenectomy, and nephrectomy) at 1-week (related = 81.5% ± 11.3 vs. unrelated=71.9% ± 6.6, p=0.03) and 12 weeks (related = 81% ± 13.1 vs. unrelated=68.6% ± 8.8, p=0.02). Conclusion This pilot data suggests the modality of the rehearsal activity may not significantly effect surgical learners' technical knowledge retention. Participants did score higher on questions related to the rehearsal topic, indicating a potential supplementary role for rehearsal activities.
Investigation of 1 case of Drinking Water Polluted by Industrial Sewage

[Objective] To investigate and analyze the water pollution situation of the water source of a waterworks,so as to guarantee the hygiene security of the drinking water.[Methods] Hygiene monitoring and evaluation was conducted on the source water and finished water of the waterworks.[Results] Oxygen consumption of the water source,ammonia nitrogen,volatile phenol and other indicators were 2~14 times higher than the standards,[Conclusion]It is suggested that water is seriously polluted by a large amount organic matters and other industrial sewage.
Recent progress in allergen immunotherapy.

The efficacy of allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis with or without seasonal bronchial asthma and anaphylaxis caused by the sting of the hymenoptera class of insects has been clearly demonstrated in numerous well-designed, placebo-controlled trials. Immunotherapy whether by subcutaneous injection of allergen extract or by oral/sublingual routes modifies peripheral and mucosal TH2 responses in favour of TH1 responses and augments IL-10 synthesis by TRegs both locally and by peripheral T cells. Recent researches into the cellular and molecular basis of allergic reactions have advanced our understanding of the mechanisms involved in allergic diseases. They have also helped the development of innovative approaches that are likely to further improve the control of allergic responses in the future. Novel approaches to immunotherapy that are currently being explored include the use of peptide-based allergen preparations, which do not bind IgE and therefore do not activate mast cells, but reduce both TH1 and TH2-cytokine synthesis, while increasing levels of IL-10. Alternative strategies include the use of adjuvants, such as nucleotide immunostimulatory sequences derived from bacteria CpG or monophosphoryl lipid A that potentiate TH1 responses. Blocking the effects of IgE using anti-IgE such as omalizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to IgE, has been shown to be a useful strategy in the treatment of allergic asthma and rhinitis. The combination of antiIgE-monoclonal antibody omalizumab with allergen immunotherapy has proved beneficial for the treatment of allergic diseases, offering improved efficacy, limited adverse effects, and potential immune-modifying effects. This combination may also accelerate the rapidity by which immunotherapy induces TReg cells. If allergic diseases are due to a lack of allergen-specific TReg cells, then effective therapies should target the induction and the development of TReg cells producing cytokines such as IL-10.
A case study of traffic demand response to broadband service-plan upgrades

Internet service providers are facing mounting pressure from regulatory agencies to increase the speed of their service offerings to consumers; some are beginning to deploy gigabit-per-second speeds in certain markets, as well. The race to deploy increasingly faster speeds begs the question of whether users are exhausting the capacity that is already available. Previous work has shown that users who are already maximizing their usage on a given access link will continue to do so when they are migrated to a higher service tier.
THE SUPPRESSION OF TESTIS-BRAIN RNA BINDING PROTEIN AND KINESIN HEAVY CHAIN DISRUPTS MRNA SORTING IN DENDRITES

Ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) are thought to be key players in somato-dendritic sorting of mRNAs in CNS neurons and are implicated in activity-directed neuronal remodeling. Here, we use reporter constructs and gel mobility shift assays to show that the testis brain RNA-binding protein (TB-RBP) associates with mRNPs in a sequence (Y element) dependent manner. Using antisense oligonucleotides (anti-ODN), we demonstrate that blocking the TB-RBP Y element binding site disrupts and mis-localizes mRNPs containing (alpha)-calmodulin dependent kinase II (alpha)-CAMKII) and ligatin mRNAs. In addition, we show that suppression of kinesin heavy chain motor protein alters only the localization of (alpha)-CAMKII mRNA. Thus, differential sorting of mRNAs involves multiple mRNPs and selective motor proteins permitting localized mRNAs to utilize common mechanisms for shared steps.
Three learning methods for reasoning-based synthesis of novel analog circuits

This paper describes three learning methods to acquire new insight and knowledge on how structural features relate to performance and constraints. Learning is at the feature-, concept-, and constraint-level. Experiments present the three learning types for a set of modern analog circuits and illustrate the using of the gained information for circuit synthesis.
Goal Development Practices of Physical Therapists Working in Educational Environments

Aims: The aims of this study were to (1) describe the practices that school-based physical therapists use in developing student goals, and (2) identify facilitators and barriers to development of g...
Illuminating developmental biology through photochemistry

Developmental biology has been continually shaped by technological advances, evolving from a descriptive science into one immersed in molecular and cellular mechanisms. Most recently, genome sequencing and 'omics' profiling have provided developmental biologists with a wealth of genetic and biochemical information; however, fully translating this knowledge into functional understanding will require new experimental capabilities. Photoactivatable probes have emerged as particularly valuable tools for investigating developmental mechanisms, as they can enable rapid, specific manipulations of DNA, RNA, proteins, and cells with spatiotemporal precision. In this Perspective, we describe optochemical and optogenetic systems that have been applied in multicellular organisms, insights gained through the use of these probes, and their current limitations. We also suggest how chemical biologists can expand the reach of photoactivatable technologies and bring new depth to our understanding of organismal development.
Hyperbaric oxygenation alleviates chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain and inhibits GABAergic neuron apoptosis in the spinal cord.

Abstract Background and aims Dysfunction of GABAergic inhibitory controls contributes to the development of neuropathic pain. We examined our hypotheses that (1) chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain is associated with increased spinal GABAergic neuron apoptosis, and (2) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) alleviates CCI-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting GABAergic neuron apoptosis. Methods Male rats were randomized into 3 groups: CCI, CCI+HBO and the control group (SHAM). Mechanical allodynia was tested daily following CCI procedure. HBO rats were treated at 2.4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) for 60 min once per day. The rats were euthanized and the spinal cord harvested on day 8 and 14 post-CCI. Detection of GABAergic cells and apoptosis was performed. The percentages of double positive stained cells (NeuN/GABA), cleaved caspase-3 or Cytochrome C in total GABAergic cells or in total NeuN positive cells were calculated. Results HBO significantly alleviated mechanical allodynia. CCI-induced neuropathic pain was associated with significantly increased spinal apoptotic GABA-positive neurons. HBO considerably decreased these spinal apoptotic cells. Cytochrome-C-positive neurons and cleaved caspase-3-positive neurons were also significantly higher in CCI rats. HBO significantly decreased these positive cells. Caspase-3 mRNA was also significantly higher in CCI rats. HBO reduced mRNA expression of caspase-3. Conclusions CCI-induced neuropathic pain was associated with increased apoptotic GABAergic neurons induced by activation of key proteins of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. HBO alleviated CCI-induced neuropathic pain and reduced GABAergic neuron apoptosis. The beneficial effect of HBO may be via its inhibitory role in CCI-induced GABAergic neuron apoptosis by suppressing mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in the spinal cord. Implications Increased apoptotic GABAergic neurons induced by activation of key proteins of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord is critical in CCI-induced neuropathic pain. The inhibitory role of HBO in GABAergic neuron apoptosis suppresses ongoing neuropathic pain.
International Trends in Retail Crime and Prevention Practices

International trends in retail crime prevention practice include the global impact of retail crime, the difficulties of measuring retail loss prevention outputs, and the means by which retailers have innovated and invested in both technology and processes to inhibit crime. Crime issues facing retailers such as customer theft and employee deviance are long-established in the industry, but retailers also face growing problems from organised crime, cybercrime and frauds associated with the growth of e-commerce.
“Teaching with Trek”: Star Trek, the LGBTQ+ Community, and College Composition

The premise of “Teaching with Trek” is to illustrate the benefits of using the iconic science fiction (sf) franchise in a college composition classroom. Various science and technology topics for research and exploration can be readily found in Star Trek, but this chapter will have a more humanities-based focus. Its narrow focus on the Star Trek: The Next Generation episodes, “The Outcast”, “The Host”, and “Liaisons” will allow for a detailed discussion of Star Trek’s place in LGBTQ+ history. I discuss process composition theories and multidisciplinary writing situations in relationship to the topics found in these episodes.
LINEARLY COMPACT MODULES AND LOCAL MORITA DUALITY

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the linearly compact modules and local morita duality. Linearly topologized modules extend the notion of a linearly topologized vector space developed by Lefschetz. A linearly topologized module is a module that possesses a base of neighborhoods of zero consisting of submodules. In this presentation, a base of neighborhoods of zero for a linearly topologized module will consist of all submodules, the so-called discrete linear topology. The notion of a linearly compact module, a compact linearly topologized module, plays an important role in duality theory. The chapter presents some of the consequences of linear compactness. The result that a right linearly compact ring is semi-perfect generalizes Zelinsky's result for commutative rings. The results shows that a right linearly compact ring that is left or right perfect is right artinian and it generalizes Osofsky's result. It is found that finite products of linearly compact modules are linearly compact.
Analysis of Noise Coupling and Timing Error in Silicon Bridge Application

Silicon bridge is a promising solution that provides communication paths among multiple SoCs in a single package. It also provides a low-impedance path for the power delivery between two or more SoCs. However, a congested dense signal routing inside the silicon bridge makes the timing error worse. The switching noise on the power rail also increases the timing error of the interfaces. We investigated all possible sources of self-generated and coupled noise inside silicon bridge and analyzed the impact on the timing error.
Continuously Tunable Pore Size for Gas Separation via a Bilayer Nanoporous Graphene Membrane

Pore size is a crucial factor impacting gas separation, but difficult to control for a single-layer nanoporous graphene membrane. Here, we propose a bilayer design of a nanoporous graphene membrane...
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 in the Brain: Where Is It Coming From, Where Is It Going?

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is likely best known by many readers of Diabetes because of the role it plays in insulin secretion. Indeed, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists have become important tools for glycemic control in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition to its incretin effects, GLP-1 signaling plays a role in the control of feeding (1) and other motivated behaviors such as fluid intake (2) and drug taking (3,4). Although many of the effects of GLP-1 are known to be mediated at least in part by activation of central GLP-1Rs, the source(s) of endogenous GLP-1 that activate these receptors remain unclear. Complicating this issue is the fact that GLP-1 is produced both peripherally in the ileum, from which it is released into circulation, and centrally in limited regions of the brain that include the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and the olfactory bulb (1,5) (Fig. 1). Figure 1 GLP-1 interactions with the brain. GLP-1–producing cells (yellow circles) are found in areas including the ileum, olfactory bulb, and hindbrain. GLP-1–responsive structures in the brain are far more distributed and include structures behind (blue) and outside of (red) the blood-brain barrier, a subset of which are represented in this schematic. Knowing which source of GLP-1 acts on which of the responsive structures is important in order to understand the …
Deep Neck Space Infections

In the parapharyngeal space, the prestyloid compartment contains the internal maxillary artery, maxillary nerve, deep lobe of the parotid, adipose tissue and the poststyloid compartment contains the carotid artery, internal jugular vein, sympathetic chain, and cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII. Lemierre’s syndrome is internal jugular vein (IJV) thrombophlebitis from pharyngitis typically due to Fusobacterium necrophorum.
Variability in Juvenile English Sole Condition Relative to Temperature and Trophic Dynamics Along an Oregon Estuarine Gradient

Many benthic fish and invertebrates, including the flatfish English sole (Parophrys vetulus), utilize estuaries as nursery habitat during their juvenile life stage. Regions within an estuary differ with respect to salinity, temperature, oxygen, and organic inputs, highlighting the complexity of nursery habitat and the need to assess multiple habitats within a single estuary. To determine the effect of variable estuarine habitat on juvenile English sole, we examined morphometric and energetic (lipid) condition, fatty acids, and stable isotopes (13C and 15N) of wild-caught juveniles from upriver and downriver habitats within the Yaquina Bay, Oregon estuary. Downriver-caught fish exhibited higher energetic condition, which may be attributed to cooler temperatures and the marine-sourced carbon that typified that region’s food web. Conversely, individuals from the upriver habitat exhibited higher morphometric condition. This may be due in part to the warmer temperatures upriver that have been observed to promote growth and suppress lipid storage in other marine species. Our findings highlight the important but variable contribution of both upriver and downriver habitats to English sole early life history.
Impaired tau–microtubule interactions are prevalent among pathogenic tau variants arising from missense mutations

tau is a microtubule (MT)-associated protein that promotes tubulin assembly and stabilizes MTs by binding longitudinally along the MT surface. tau can aberrantly aggregate into pathological inclusions that define Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementias, and other tauopathies. A spectrum of missense mutations in the tau-encoding gene microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) can cause frontotemporal dementias. tau aggregation is postulated to spread by a prion-like mechanism. Using a cell-based inclusion seeding assay, we recently reported that only a few tau variants are intrinsically prone to this type of aggregation. Here, we extended these studies to additional tau mutants and investigated their MT binding properties in mammalian cell-based assays. A limited number of tau variants exhibited modest aggregation propensity in vivo, but most tau mutants did not aggregate. Reduced MT binding appeared to be the most common dysfunction for the majority of tau variants due to missense mutations, implying that MT-targeting therapies could potentially be effective in the management of tauopathies.
Faculty perceptions of librarians and library services: Exploring the impact of librarian faculty status and beyond

Abstract ACRL recommends that librarians with faculty status have the same privileges and responsibilities as other faculty on campus. A recent study revealed librarians feel that being on an equal footing with other faculty improves the relationship. It is not clear whether disciplinary faculty feel the same way. This paper presents a study investigating faculty perceptions of librarians in two types of institutions: those granting and not granting librarians faculty status. The study found no noticeable differences in perceptions of librarians and library services. However, the authors identified variables other than librarian-faculty-status as important in affecting the relationship between librarians and teaching faculty. These factors can help better understand faculty needs. Effective strategies can be established to meet those needs.
Professional Development for Inexperienced Speakers: Making Effective Oral Presentations and Audience Connections.

ABSTRACT This article addresses how inexperienced speakers can prepare and deliver oral presentations that make connections to audiences. Nursing students/providers, university and staff development instructors, or managers may find these tips helpful. Successful content delivery (beginning, middle, and ending "remarks") depends on setting the right tone, incorporating engaging activities, and concluding with recommendations for audiences. Exemplars are presented for each "remarks section" using a project focused on one nurse's responses in a web-based caregivers' support group.
Qualitative observations of successful spawning by two species of small-bodied minnows following PIT tagging

PIT tags are a common tool used to identify and track movements of fishes. Although technological advances facilitated the use of PIT tags across a wide range of fish body sizes, we do not yet fully understand the effects of PIT tagging on basic aspects of many species' life histories (e.g., survival, spawning success, or reproductive output). We observed 2 small-bodied fishes, Red Shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) and Bluntnose Minnow (Pimephales notatus), achieve successful spawns after PIT tagging. Age-0 fish of both species were observed in multiple experimental stream units during an outdoor mesocosm study in which only PIT-tagged fish were stocked. Although these observations suggest that qualitative effects on spawning success of PIT-tagged, small-bodied fish might be negligible, more quantitative studies need to be conducted to test these assumptions. As use of PIT-tagging technology continues to increase, understanding the effects of PIT tags on fish life histories will ensure that tagging studies provide reliable data without negatively impacting fish populations.
Diffusing Human Trafficking Policy in Eurasia

Offering a perceptive study of the urgent human rights issue of trafficking in persons, this important book analyses the development and effectiveness of public policies across Eurasia. Drawing on multi-method research in the region, Laura A. Dean explores the factors behind anti-trafficking strategies and the role of governments and activists in combating labour and sexual exploitation. She examines the intersection of global strategies and state-by-state approaches, and uses the diffusion of innovation framework to cast new light on the impetus and implementation of different policy typologies. Identifying the strengths, weaknesses, and best practices in human trafficking policies around Eurasia, Dean's book will appeal to a wide range of students, scholars, practitioners, and policy makers.
Feedback Linearization Control of Converters With LCL Filter for Weak AC Grid Integration

This paper investigates the design and analysis of a robust nonlinear controller for voltage source converters (VSCs) connected to weak AC grids. Feedback linearization method is used to develop the control inputs that regulate the active power and output voltage of the grid-connected converter. The frequency-domain model of an LCL filter in $dq$ -frame is used to develop the nonlinear control blocks for small-signal stability analysis. Impact of phase-locked loop (PLL) is added to the control block through feedforward loops. It is shown that unlike vector controlled converters, the proposed controller is not negatively affected by the PLL gains and a broader range of operation is achieved. In addition, the designed controller is robust against sudden active power commands from 0 to 1 p.u., and is capable of fault ride through when AC grid is very weak. The robustness of the proposed controller is evaluated using eigenvalue analysis of the linearized closed-loop model and time-domain simulations of a grid-connected VSC in various cases.
Sapovirus Gastroenteritis in a Lung Transplant Recipient

Introduction Diarrhea is a common complaint in lung transplant recipients but has significant consequences with increased morbidity from dehydration, medication toxicity and allograft dysfunction. Etiologies range from side effects to infection, malignancy, and graft-versus-host disease. The most common causes of infectious diarrhea in this population are Clostridium difficile, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and norovirus. Norovirus is well known to cause prolonged viral shedding and chronic diarrhea in lung transplant recipients and limited case reports in renal transplant recipients suggest that sapovirus may present similarly. Case Report A 53-year-old woman with excellent allograft function at seven months following right single lung transplant was admitted with gastroenteritis and acute kidney injury. She reported diffuse abdominal cramps and distension, nausea, vomiting, watery diarrhea, and headache for five days prior to presentation. Notable home medications included tacrolimus, prednisone, azithromycin, itraconazole, atovaquone, and valganciclovir. Examination revealed normal vital signs, dry mucus membranes and a distended abdomen with diffuse tenderness. Laboratory studies showed a white blood cell count of 3.7 K/μL with 56% lymphocytes and elevated creatinine of 1.65 mg/dL. Tacrolimus level was 9.8 ng/mL. Non-contrasted CT of the abdomen and pelvis did not show any acute intraabdominal pathology. The patient was treated with intravenous fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics while awaiting additional workup including an undetectable CMV DNA viral load and negative testing for COVID-19, serum cryptococcal antigen, stool Giardia antigen, ova and parasites, Shigatoxin and Clostridium difficile antigen and toxin. A multiplex PCR gastrointestinal panel detected the presence of sapovirus. Antibiotics were discontinued and the patient experienced progressive improvement in symptoms and renal function by day 3. Summary To our knowledge, this is the only case report of sapovirus-related gastroenteritis in a lung transplant recipient, emphasizing the need to maintain a high index of suspicion for both common and uncommon etiologies of diarrhea in transplant recipients. Though sapovirus is not an uncommon cause of self-limited viral gastroenteritis in healthy individuals, it may present with a severe and prolonged course in transplant patients and can result in significant morbidity.
Introduction to Budgeting in Georgia

This book is about budgets and budgeting in the state of Georgia. Almost everyone knows that a budget is a plan for spending limited amounts of money. In old French, a bougette is a small pouch in which things are kept and carried. In early times, the things kept and carried often were coins and currency; in later times, according to Jesse Burkhead, they frequently were financial documents. Over time, the contents and the pouch became synonymous, thus a bougette became a spending plan.
Magnetic Bag Like Solutions to the SU(2) Monopole Equations on {{\mathbb R}^{3}}

Solutions to the SU(2) monopole equations in the Bogolmony limit are constructed that look very much like Bolognesis conjectured magnetic bag solutions. Three theorems are also stated and proved that give bounds in terms of the topological charge for the radii of balls where the solutions Higgs field has very small norm.
Post-SEO Performance and Institutional Investors

We document a strong link between institutional investors and long-run stock return and operating performance following seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). Virtually all of the underperformance is confined to the top two quintiles of stocks with the largest increase in number of institutional investors prior to the post-issue underperformance. Moreover, non-SEO stocks with matching changes in institutional investors exhibit similar long-run underperformance to that of SEO stocks. Thus, we conclude that post-SEO underperformance is not due to the SEO per se but rather is a manifestation of more general effects associated with changes in institutional interest in a firm’s stock.
Bullied Status and Physical Activity in Texas Adolescents

This study examined the association between having been bullied at school during the past 6 months ("bullied status") and not meeting physical activity (PA) recommendations of 60 minutes of daily PA during the past week among 8th- and 11th-grade Texas adolescents. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine this association, adjusted for weight status, grade, race/ethnicity, and stratified by gender; furthermore, a significant interaction was found between bullied status and weight status. Results are presented by interaction status. Results indicated that overweight girls who reported never being bullied, as well as those who reported being bullied more than twice, had higher odds of not meeting PA recommendations than normal weight girls who were never bullied (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.12, 3.99]; AOR = 9.18, 95% CI [2.26, 37.27], respectively). Obese girls who were bullied once or twice had higher odds of not meeting PA recommendations than normal weight girls who were never bullied (AOR = 2.89, 95% CI [1.06, 7.89]). Overweight boys who reported never being bullied had lower odds of not meeting PA recommendations than normal weight boys who were never bullied (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.39, 0.97]). Conversely, obese boys who were bullied once or twice reported higher odds of not meeting PA recommendations than normal weight boys who were never bullied (AOR = 3.61, 95% CI [1.22, 10.67]). Findings from this study indicate that the association between bullied status and meeting PA recommendations is complex and may differ by gender and the interaction between bullied status and weight status.
Case–Cohort Study

The case–cohort design includes a randomly sampled subcohort that is selected without regard to disease status or disease event times from the entire cohort, plus those cohort members who develop disease (cases) and who are not members of the subcohort. Selection of the subcohort offers several advantages, including: ability to gather data on subcohort members from the very beginning of the study and to implement quality control procedures immediately; ability to serve as a comparison group for a variety of disease endpoints; flexibility of analysis that comes from selection of the subcohort without matching on event times, including choice in the type of analysis model (e.g. semiparametric proportional hazards or Poisson regression models) and straightforward estimation of cumulative risk. We review analytical approaches for the case–cohort design and discuss its advantages and disadvantages, including issues of statistical efficiency, in comparison with the nested case–control design. Keywords: subcohort; case–cohort design; nested case–control design; cohort study
Epilepsy Misdiagnosed as Long QT Syndrome: It Can Go Both Ways

Cardiogenic seizures are common and could be the sentinel event heralding the presence of congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS). Distinguishing a cardiogenic seizure from a neurogenic one is of the utmost importance. Herein, we present the case of a 12-year-old boy with recurrent episodes of syncope and seizures. Despite absence of QT prolongation on electrocardiogram, absence of documented arrhythmias, a negative LQTS genetic test, and recurrent episodes while on nadolol beta-blocker therapy, he was diagnosed with LQTS and implanted with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). When syncope and seizure occurred with normal sinus rhythm documented on the ICD, he was referred to neurology, and an electroencephalogram was positive for numerous bursts of bilaterally synchronous generalized discharges. He was started on antiepileptic treatment after which his seizures resolved. His LQTS diagnosis was removed, beta-blocker therapy discontinued, and his ICD was explanted. He has been seizure-free for over 2 years.
Marcinkiewicz-zygmund weak laws of large numbers for unconditional random elements in Banach spaces

Abstract : Convergence in probability is obtained for random elements in Banach spaces satisfying various distributional conditions including independence, conditional independence, and unconditional semi-basic, and weights. The constant p, 1 or = p or = 2, is related to a geometric property of the Banach space and to moment conditions. These results relax the usual hypothesis of identical distributions to tightness and are for conditionally independent and unconditionally semi-basic random elements which are more general than independent random elements with zero means.
GPU-Accelerated HMM for Speech Recognition

Speech recognition is used in a wide range of applications and devices such as mobile phones, in-car entertainment systems and web-based services. Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) is one of the most popular algorithmic approaches applied in speech recognition. Training and testing a HMM is computationally intensive and time-consuming. Running multiple applications concurrently with speech recognition could overwhelm the compute resources, and introduce unwanted delays in the speech processing, eventually dropping words in the process due to buffer overruns. Graphics processing units (GPUs) have become widely accepted as accelerators which offer massive amounts of parallelism. The host processor (the CPU) can offload compute-intensive portions of an application to the GPU, leaving the CPU to focus on serial tasks and scheduling operations. In this paper, we provide a parallelized Hidden Markov Model to accelerate isolated words speech recognition. We experiment with different optimization schemes and make use of optimized GPU computing libraries to speedup the computation on GPUs. We also explore the performance benefits of using advanced GPU features for concurrent execution of multiple compute kernels. The algorithms are evaluated on multiple Nvidia GPUs using CUDA as a programming framework. Our GPU implementation achieves better performance than traditional serial and multithreaded implementations. When considering the end-to-end performance of the application, which includes both data transfer and computation, we achieve a 9x speedup for training with the use of a GPU over a multi-threaded version optimized for a multi-core CPU.
Right Plant, Right Place: Biogeography and Plant Selection

It is often said that the secret to good horticulture is putting the right plant in the right place. By matching plants to their intended environment, a designer helps to ensure that the plants will be healthy, grow well, and need a minimum of care. Too
Youth Emotional Reactivity, Interparental Conflict, Parent Hostility, and Worrying Among Children with Substance-Abusing Parents

The present study examined whether emotional reactivity mediated the association between interparental violence, parental hostility, and children’s worrying among 90 youth living with substance-abusing parents. Children completed measures of security and anxiety. Mothers and fathers’ completed measures of violence perpetrated toward their partners and general hostility. Results of a Bayesian mediation model revealed indirect effects such that after controlling for other variables in the model, fathers’ hostility was associated with greater emotional reactivity, which in turn was associated with children’s reports of worrying. The indirect effects of mothers’ hostility, parents’ interparental violence, and child age on children’s reports of worrying via children’s emotional reactivity were not statistically significant. Results suggest that fathers’ hostility is associated with children’s reports of worrying among children residing with a substance-abusing parent via associations with children’s emotional reactivity to parental conflict.
Systemic Politics and the Origins of Great Power Conflict

Systemic theories of international politics rarely predict conflict short of cataclysmic systemic wars, and dyadic theories of conflict lack systemic perspective. This article attempts to bridge the gap by introducing a two-step theory of conflict among Great Powers. In the first stage, states engage in a dynamic, ongoing process of managing the international system, which inevitably produces tensions among them. In the second stage, relative levels of security-related activity determine how and when those tensions erupt into disputes. A test of the theory on Great Power conflicts from the nineteenth century supports the argument and, moreover, favors the deterrence model over the spiral model as a proximate explanation of conflict in the second stage.
The cross‐cultural transfer of management practices: the case for creative synthesis

Examines the interaction between Western leader ship and authority practices and those of a non Western culture (Nigeria) in their managerial and or ganisational context. Data concerning the experience of an organisational change in a non‐Western cultural context fail to confirm some of the ideas advanced in the convergence and divergence theses. An alternative framework for conceptualising the process of interaction and outcome of organisational development in situations of cross‐cultural transfer and application of management practices is proposed.
Electrophoretic mobility of poly(acrylic acid)-coated alumina particles

Abstract The effect of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) adsorption on the electrokinetic behavior of alumina dispersions under high pH conditions was investigated as a function of polymer concentration and molecular weight as well as the presence, concentration and ion type of background electrolyte. Systems of this type are relevant to nuclear waste treatment, in which PAA is known to be an effective rheology modifier. The presence of all but the lowest molecular weight PAA studied (1800) led to decreases in dynamic electrophoretic mobility at low polymer concentrations, attributable to bridging flocculation, as verified by measurements of particle size distribution. Bridging effects increased with polymer molecular weight, and decreased with polymer concentration. Increases in background electrolyte concentration enhanced dynamic electrophoretic mobility as the polymer layers were compressed and bridging was reduced. Such enhancements were reduced as the cation was changed from K + to Na + to Cs + .