cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Diamond Growth on (a) Large Mo Cylinders at 30 Torr and (b) Flat Mo at One Atmospheric Pressure of H2 and CH4

(a) Polycrystalline diamond films have been grown on cylindrical Mo substrates by hot filament and microwave plasma CVD techniques using a gas mixture of hydrogen and methane. A single hot tungsten filament has been used to demonstrate the growth of adherent diamond films on large cylinders. To our knowledge this is the first report on such large cylindrical substrate (area: 41 cm2) using a single filament of active length of 3.75 cm. (b) Polycrystalline diamond films have been deposited by hot-filament technique for the first time using methane and hydrogen at an atmospheric pressure of hydrogen on flat substrates. The diamond growth has been performed at various pressures ranging from 34.5 to 750 Torr. The as-deposited films were analyzed by SEM and Raman to determine morphology and chemical nature, respectively. A. Growth of Diamond Film on Molybdenum Cylinders
RODEMAP-a robust design and multi-response analysis package

This paper introduces RODEMAP, a software package for robust design and multi-response data analysis. A distinguishing feature of RODEMAP is that it is designed to handle robust design problems with many quality characteristics. The built-in experimental design schemes and optimization algorithms can effectively generate orthogonal designs, process the experimental data, and find non-dominated solutions that fit quality engineer's needs. The software is implemented in an X-Windows system with built-in spreadsheet and graphics capabilities. >
Functional neuroimaging provides evidence of anomalous cerebral laterality in adults with Klinefelter's syndrome.

This study aimed to characterize cerebral perfusion in men with Klinefelter's syndrome, known to present specific deficits in language, using 99m Tc-hexamethyl-propylene-amine-oxime (HMPAO) scintigraphy and Talairach normalization. While a perfusion asymmetry toward the left hemisphere was found in controls, perfusion was mostly symmetrical in Klinefelter patients in the upper temporal and lower parietal areas. Scores on verbal tests were inversely correlated with perfusion changes, providing neurobiological substrate of anomalous cerebral laterality.
Operating Experience with MUSL-2

The second 6 pass microtron using a superconducting linac has been completed and has operated on 24 hour schedules for nuclear physics for about 5000 hours during the past year. The Q of the linac has remained at 3x109 and the C.W. energy gain has remained at 2.3 MeV/m as in its initial tests in 1975. Single pass C.W. currents up to 20 ?A with energies up to 14.6 MeV have been available for resonance fluorescence experiments. Six pass beams with energies up to 67 MeV have been available to other experimental areas but useful currents have been limited to 0.3 ?A by the excitation of transverse beam blowup modes around 2.3 GHz. The multiple pass currents, however, have been more than sufficient for all tagged photon experiments. Work is proceeding to replace our MUSL-2 linac with another Stanford linac in which the loading of the 2.3 GHz modes is increased by a factor of 100 or more by hybrid electric-magnetic loading probes. Plans to reach higher energies by using MUSL-2 as an injector into a second microtron continue to be attractive.
Wavelet boundary value problem geometric MMCR protocol structure for theater systems intelligence distribution

The MMCR (meta model constraint removal) protocol has realized the theoretical concepts of wavelet and traditional boundary value problem theory and traditional variational theory to secure War Game Geometric Protocol software structures in object oriented code. The MMCR protocol was originally developed to enable the optimal networking linkage of the Silicone Graphics computer network at TRAC WSMR and the Defense Simulation Internetwork (DSI) and the internetwork for optimal STOW (synthetic theater of war) operation. For the MMCR protocol rectangles represent a War Game and the sides of the rectangle the six exercises with the section within the sides comprising the entities. Prevention of protocol equation geometric structure and intellectual property concept theft can be achieved with these secured geometric object oriented code structures by a coding that enables entry to the inner geometric structure using the solution along the boundary value problem axis.
Using the Theory of Reasoned Action and Audit Reminder Messages to Increase Tax Compliance: An Experimental Study Over Repeated Periods

This paper examines, through the use of a laboratory experiment, the effects on tax compliance of two types of messages – one consisting of a simple reminder of audit risk and one designed based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA). It extends prior research by incorporating the TRA into persuasive tax compliance messages and by examining the effects of the messages over repeated periods. The results suggest some evidence that the messages have a positive impact across time. In addition, there is evidence that the TRA message increases the amount of income reported when an individual fails to comply fully.
Placenta and Placental Membranes

The main component of the placenta is the trophoblast. External cells of the morula give rise to the trophoblast of the blastocyst. During implantation, the trophoblast of the blastocyst proliferates and changes into the trophoblastic shell composed of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast. The trophoblastic shell is implanted within the compact (superficial) layer of the endometrium (interstitial implantation). Lacunae within the trophoblastic shell fuse into the primitive intervillous space supplied by maternal blood from the endometrial spiral arteries and drained by endometrial veins. As the primary mesoderm appears on the inner surface of the trophoblastic shell, the primitive chorion becomes constituted. The trophoblastic shell supported by the primary mesoderm transforms into the (early) villous chorion. Coincidently the maternal, uterochorionic (uteroplacental, intervillous) circulation becomes established. Primary, secondary, and tertiary chorionic villi are distinguished.
High-Performance Computer Packaging and the Thin-Film Multichip Module

Publisher Summary This chapter presents an introduction to the trend for high-performance computer packaging and the thin-film multichip module. High-performance computers can be characterized in a number of ways. One way is to examine the data width. High-performance computers usually have a data width of 72 bits whereas medium- to low-performance computers have data widths of 32 bits or less. Another way is to compare the machine instruction set supported by the computer. High-performance computers may have floating-point instructions and/or vector-processing capabilities implemented by using separate hardware whereas lower performance computers emulate these instructions through software by using simpler machine instructions. In designing and manufacturing these high-performance computers, there are several factors that limit the number of circuits that can be integrated into the chip. The capability for removing heat from the chip is certainly one limiting factor. The design flexibility needed to make many wiring changes on the chip for a complex machine prevents the optimal use of silicon for each chip. High-speed computers are dominated by bipolar devices that, inherently, require more processing steps than the field-effect transistor (FET) devices, and this tends to limit the yield and the integration level compared with the FETs. For a thin-film module carrying several chips, each containing a few thousand circuits, the total module can contain a few hundred thousand circuits, which can constitute the CPU of a future high-end computer or a significant portion of the CPU, and can, therefore, make a very powerful computation entity. The module can further be extended into more than one plane pair of wiring to allow even higher interconnection densities for submicron silicon chips.
Extensions of Fuzzy Set Theory

In fuzzy set theory the membership function of a fuzzy set is a classical function A : X → [0, 1]. In some applications the shape of the membership function is itself uncertain. This problem appears mainly because of the subjectivity of expert knowledge and imprecision of our models. In these situations we can use a higher order extension of fuzzy set theory.
Outreach to Mexican Americans

Recent social work literature retiveness or irrelevance of traditional fleets the profession's concern with demethods of delivering services to livering services to racial and ethnic minorities. The provision of counseling minority groups. It is frequently argued and psychotherapeutic services has that the needs of these groups for social been regarded as a special problem be services are greater than those of their cause the impact of cultural differences counterparts in the majority culture beis most acutely felt in the relationship cause of the long-term effects of disbetween counselor or therapist and crimination. Yet the use of existing client. Efforts are accordingly being services by minority group members is made to adapt traditional helping often disproportionately low. methods to clients from specific minor In general, the underutilization of soity cultures, and the relevance of alter cial services by minority groups has native treatment techniques to minority been assumed to result from the ineffecgroups is also being explored. How ever, little attention is being paid to Ted R. Watkins, DSW, is Associate increasing the use by minorities of ser Professor, Department of Sociology, vices as they are currently delivered. It Social Work Program, University of is the authors' conviction that tradi Texas at Arlington. At the time tional social work practice has much the project was begun, he was Director to offer minority clients and that of Counseling Services, Family the first step toward increasing services and Individual Services Associato these groups must be outreach—the tion of Tarrant County, Texas. marketing of services in a manner that Richard Gonzales, MSSW, is Manager gives existing methods a chance to of Social Services, Tarrant County work. This conviction is supported by Hospital District, John Peter Smith the authors' experience in developing Hospital, Fort Worth, Texas. At the an outreach project for Mexican time the project was begun, he American clients as an integral part of a was Outreach Worker, Family and traditional family counseling agency. Individual Services Association of The present article is a description of Tarrant County. the planning, implementation, and re suits of the project and a discussion of generalizations from the experience. It should be noted that several terms are used in the Southwest to refer to Americans of Mexican descent: "Chi cano," "Mexican American," "Mex ican," "Latino," "Latin American," "Spanish," and "Hispanic." Each has its own connotations and reflects the age, politics, and socioeconomic status of the user. In the authors' expe rience, "Mexican American" is the most neutral of these terms, and it was used in all communications relating to the outreach project to avoid offending specific groups in the target population. It is also used throughout this article.
Meyer-Neldel Rule in Deep-Level-Transient-Spectroscopy and its Ramifications

This paper presents data showing a Meyer-Neldel rule (MNR) in InGaAsN alloys. It is shown that without this knowledge, significant errors will be made using Deep-Level Transient-Spectroscopy (DLTS) emission data to determine capture cross sections. By correctly accounting for the MNR in analyzing the DLTS data the correct value of the cross section is obtained.
Clinical course of patients with incidental finding of 20q- in the bone marrow without a morphologic evidence of myeloid neoplasm

Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 (20q-) is a frequent finding in bone marrow karyotypes, mainly associated with myeloid neoplasms (MNs). Its clinical significance in the setting of normal bone marrow morphology is unclear. We described the clinical characteristics, cytogenetic findings, and outcome of 102 such patients seen at our institution from 2000-2014. Their median age was 66 years. The indication for bone marrow biopsy was either unexplained cytopenias (48%) or hematologic cancer staging/reevaluation (52%). In 88 (86%) patients, 20q- was an isolated finding. Thirty-nine (38%) patients previously received chemotherapy and 88 (86%) had cytopenias at the time of 20q- finding. After a median of 35 months, 12 (13%) patients developed MNs: 10 myelodysplastic syndromes, one acute myeloid leukemia and one myeloproliferative neoplasm. None of 14 patients with normal blood counts, but 7 of 35 (20%) with mild cytopenias, and 5 of 53 (9%) with moderate/severe cytopenias developed MNs. We did not find an association between the number of metaphases with 20q- and the development of MN. The incidental finding of 20q- in the bone marrow generally does not portend an early stage MN. Particularly, those without cytopenias at the time of diagnosis may have a good prognosis. Am. J. Hematol. 91:556–559, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hedgehog Inhibition Causes Complete Loss of Limb Outgrowth and Transformation of Digit Identity in Xenopus Tropicalis

The study of the tetrapod limb has contributed greatly to our understanding of developmental pathways and how changes to these pathways affect the evolution of morphology. Most of our understanding of tetrapod limb development comes from research on amniotes, with far less known about mechanisms of limb development in amphibians. To better understand the mechanisms of limb development in anuran amphibians, we used cyclopamine to inhibit Hedgehog signaling at various stages of development in the western clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis, and observed resulting morphologies. We also analyzed gene expression changes resulting from similar experiments in Xenopus laevis. Inhibition of Hedgehog signaling in X. tropicalis results in limb abnormalities including reduced digit number, missing skeletal elements, and complete absence of limbs. In addition, posterior digits assume an anterior identity by developing claws that are usually only found on anterior digits, confirming Sonic hedgehog's role in digit identity determination. Thus, Sonic hedgehog appears to play mechanistically separable roles in digit number specification and digit identity specification as in other studied tetrapods. The complete limb loss observed in response to reduced Hedgehog signaling in X. tropicalis, however, is striking, as this functional role for Hedgehog signaling has not been found in any other tetrapod. This changed mechanism may represent a substantial developmental constraint to digit number evolution in frogs. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 9999B:XX-XX, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermal Degradation of Aqueous Piperazine for CO2 Capture. 1. Effect of Process Conditions and Comparison of Thermal Stability of CO2 Capture Amines

The effect of process conditions on the rate of thermal degradation of concentrated, aqueous piperazine (PZ) was investigated. At 150 °C, 8 m (m) PZ degrades with a first order rate constant, k1, of 6.1 × 10–9 s–1. Thermal degradation of 8 m PZ with 0.3 mol CO2/mol alkalinity demonstrated an Arrhenius dependence on temperature with an activation energy of 184 kJ/mol. Degradation at 175 °C was negligible with no dissolved CO2, while the k1 increased from 65 to 71 × 10–9 s–1 at 0.1 to 0.4 mol CO2/mol alkalinity and decreased to 24 × 10–9 s–1 at 0.47 mol CO2/mol alkalinity. In an industrial system with a simple stripper, losses due to thermal degradation are expected to be 0.043 mmol PZ/mol CO2 captured. In the case of a 2-stage flash, losses are expected to be only 0.0086 mmol PZ/mol CO2 captured. A Maximum Estimated Stripper Temperature (MEST) was calculated for a variety of amines to provide the same thermal degradation rate of MEA at 120 °C based on first order rate constants for amine loss during therma...
Radioimmunoassay of CRF-Like Material in Rat Plasma: Validation of the Method

The availability of antibodies against the ovine corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), which cross-react with a CRF-like immunoreactivity (CRF-LI) in the rat, has enabled us to develop a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for rat CRF-LI in plasma and crude hypothalamic extracts. 125I-Tyr CRF 1-41 was used as the tracer, and synthetic ovine CRF as the reference hormone. The precision profile of the assay indicates a high degree of reproducibility except for the lower dose range. The minimum detectable dose was 20 pg/tube. This assay can detect differences in plasma CRF-LI levels after various manipulations that simultaneously alter the ACTH levels in plasma. A wide range of CRF concentrations has been found in plasma of normal rats. Caution should be exercised in the interpretation of the values obtained since an ovine RIA system was used.
Hemodynamic evaluation of selective arterialization of the coronary venous system. An experimental study of myocardial perfusion utilizing radioactive microspheres.

Perfusion of an ischemic myocardium can be improved by coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, arterial bypass is not suitable for certain anatomic lesions. Selective retrograde coronary venous perfusion (RCVP) was performed in 15 foxhound dogs after ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LADA). An external shunt from the left carotid artery to the left anterior descending vein (LADV) was instituted via a roller pump to bring oxygenated blood at a flow of 50 ml. per minute. The vein was ligated proximally. Radioactive microspheres of 15 μ size were used to assess the actual nutrient flow to the subendocardium, myocardium, and subepicardium. The normal flow to the anterior myocardium was 100 ± 9.7 ml. per 100 Gm. of tissue per minute. With the LADA ligated and RCVP instituted, the anterior wall flow averaged 34.8 ± 12.3 ml. per 100 Gm. of tissue per minute. Ligation of the LADA without venous perfusion dropped the anterior wall flow to 13.5 ± 5.8 ml. However, when RCVP was restarted after this maximally ischemic period, flow was restored to 31.0 ± 9.3 ml. Apical epicardial electrocardiographic recording confirmed marked improvement in ST elevation with the institution of RCVP. No preferential shunting of RCVP to the subendocardium, myocardium, or subepicardium was found. In an additional series of 5 dogs who underwent proximal LADA and LADV ligation without RCVP, flow was only 12.2 ± 5.4 ml. In all 20 dogs, flow was also measured to the nonmanipulated posterior wall as a control on each anterior wall investigation. Left atrial and aortic pressures were kept constant during each flow study. Pressure studies showed that during RCVP, LADV pressure rose to 20.5 to 24.6 mm. Hg from a normal of 0 to 2.5 mm. Hg. The veins turned from blue to red with RCVP. Interestingly, the LADA blood turned from red to blue. The technique of flow measurement with radioactive microspheres suggested that, after LADA occlusion, RCVP can effectively restore some level of anterior wall perfusion, including perfusion to the subendocardium—the most crucial layer of myocardial muscle.
The effect of DNA methyltransferase 1 low expression on the global genome DNA methylation status of 16HBE cell

Objective To construct DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) low expression 16HBE cell line and observe the variation of cell cycle and global genomic DNA methylation. Methods The method of Lenti-virus induced RNA interference was applied to introduce four different shRNA fragment into 16HBE cells. Flow cytometry and 5-mC immunofluorescence methods were used to observe the cell cycle and global DNA methylation status of DNMT1 low expression 16HBE cells. Results The DNMT1 protein relative expression level of 16HBE-shDNMT1-4 cell line was down regulated about 44%(P＜0.05 ) compared with the control. No obvious differences of cell cycle and global genome DNA methylation status were observed between the 16HBE and 16HBE-shDNMT1. Conclusion The DNMT1 gene low expression cell is successfully constructed, and there are no obvious changes happened on the cell cycle and global genomic DNA methylation. Key words: DNA modification methylases; DNA methylation; Cell cycle
ADAM10-Dependent Signaling Through Notch1 and Notch4 Controls Development of Organ-Specific Vascular Beds.

Rationale: Endothelial Notch signaling is critical for early vascular development and survival. Yet, previously described mice lacking endothelial ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10), a key regulator of Notch signaling, survived into adulthood with organ-specific vascular defects. These findings raised questions about whether these vascular defects were related to Notch signaling or other functions of ADAM10. Objective: Determine whether compensatory or redundant functions of ADAM17 in Notch signaling can explain the survival of Adam10 ΔEC mice, explore the contribution of different Tie2-Cre transgenes to the differences in survival, and establish whether the Adam10 ΔEC vascular phenotypes can be recapitulated by inactivation of Notch receptors in endothelial cells. Methods and Results: Mice lacking ADAM10 and ADAM17 in endothelial cells ( Adam10/Adam17 ΔEC), which survived postnatally with organ-specific vascular defects, resembled Adam10 ΔECmice. In contrast, Adam10 ΔEC mice generated with the Tie2Cre transgene previously used to inactivate endothelial Notch ( Adam10 ΔECFlv) died by E10.5. qPCR analysis demonstrated that Cre-mediated recombination occurs earlier in Adam10 ΔECFlv mice than in the previously described Adam10 ΔEC mice. Finally, mice lacking endothelial Notch1 ( Notch1 ΔEC) share some organ-specific vascular defects with Adam10 ΔEC mice, whereas Notch4-/- mice lacking endothelial Notch1 ( Notch1 ΔEC Notch4-/- ) had defects in all vascular beds affected in Adam10 ΔEC mice. Conclusions: Our results argue against a major role for ADAM17 in endothelial Notch signaling and clarify the difference in phenotypes of previously described mice lacking ADAM10 or Notch in endothelial cells. Most notably, these findings uncover new roles for Notch signaling in the development of organ-specific vascular beds.
An Evaluation of MODIS-Retrieved Aerosol Optical Depth over a Mountainous AERONET Site in the Southeastern US

The literature shows that aerosol optical depth (AOD) derived from the MODIS Collection 5 (C5) dark target algorithm has been extensively validated by spatiotemporal collocation with AERONET sites on both global and regional scales. Although generally comparing well over the eastern US region, poor performance over mountains in other regions indicate the need to evaluate the MODIS product over a mountain site. This study compares MODIS C5 AOD at 550nm to AOD measured at the Appalachian State University AERONET site in Boone, NC over 30 months between August 2010 and September 2013. For the combined Aqua and Terra datasets, although more than 70% of the 500 MODIS AOD measurements agree with collocated AERONET AOD to within error envelope of ± (0.05 + 15%), MODIS tends to have a low bias (0.02–0.03). The agreement between MODIS and AERONET AOD does not depend on MODIS quality assurance confidence (QAC) value. However, when stratified by satellite, MODIS-Terra data does not perform as well as Aqua, with especially poor correlation (r = 0.39) for low aerosol loading conditions (AERONET AOD less than 0.15). Linear regressions between Terra and AERONET possess statistically-different slopes for AOD < 0.15 and AOD = 0.15. AERONET AOD measured only during MODIS overpass hours is highly correlated with daily-averaged AERONET AOD. MODIS monthly-averaged AOD also tracks that of AERONET over the study period. These results indicate that MODIS is sensitive to the day-to-day variability, as well as the annual cycle of AOD over the Appalachian State AERONET site. The complex topography and high seasonality in AOD and vegetation indices allow us to specifically evaluate MODIS dark target algorithm surface albedo and aerosol model assumptions at a regionally-representative SE US mountain site.
E-011 SOFIA Distal Access Catheter for Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Combined Mechanical and Aspiration Thrombectomy

Introduction Mechanical thrombectomy with stent retrievers is superior to medical management in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO). The Direct Aspiration First Pass (ADAPT) and combined mechanical/aspiration thrombectomy (Solumbra) techniques are used in endovascular stroke treatment; these techniques require an intermediate catheter for suction at the clot interface. SOFIA (Soft torqueable catheter Optimized For Intracranial Access) is a single lumen flexible catheter with coil and braid reinforcement developed for intracranial use. We describe our initial experience with SOFIA in acute stroke intervention and evaluate its efficacy and safety. Methods Our institutional review board approved this study. We retrospectively identified all patients undergoing endovascular stroke therapy using SOFIA from our database. Patient demographic data, stroke presentation, treatment details, and complications were recorded from the medical record. The primary outcome was successful revascularization (TICI IIb or III) and the number of passes for revascularization. Secondary outcome measures were complication rates and NIHSS score on discharge. Results 33 patients (20 females, 13 males) were treated for LVO using the SOFIA catheter. Mean patient age was 71.9 years. Intravenous tPA was administered in 22 patients (67%). Vessel occlusion predominantly affected the anterior circulation (10 left sided and 21 right sided) and involved the ICA terminus (5 patients, 15.2%), M1 (16 patients, 48.5%) and M2 (8 patients, 24.2%) segments. 4 patients (12.1%) had posterior circulation strokes. Mean NIHSS was 14.2 (95% CI 12.3–16.2) on presentation and 7.8 (95% CI 4.9–10.6) on discharge. The Solumbra technique was used in 31 patients (94%), ADAPT in one patient (3%), and intra-arterial thrombolysis in one patient (3%). Successful revascularization was achieved in 31 patients (94%), including TICI III in 16 patients (48.5%). The average number of passes to reperfusion was 1.6 (95% CI 1.3–2.0). Mean time to reperfusion was 47 minutes. Symptomatic intraparenchymal hemorrhage following reperfusion occurred in 2 patients (6%). Procedural complications occurred in 4 patients (12%), including dissection, microwire perforation, and hemorrhage into a pre-existing intracranial tumor; all complications were unrelated to the SOFIA. Mortality was 21.2% secondary to failed revascularization, hemorrhagic transformation, and severe baseline medical disease. Conclusion SOFIA is a safe and effective intermediate catheter for mechanical and aspiration thrombectomy in acute stroke intervention. In conjunction with stent retrievers and suction aspiration technique, successful revascularization was 94%, with average number of passes of 1.6. There were no complications directly attributable to the use of SOFIA. Disclosures J. Wong: None. H. Do: 2; C; MicroVention, Inc. N. Telischak: None. A. Moraff: None. M. Marks: None. R. Dodd: None. J. Heit: 2; C; MicroVention, Inc.
What factors control the trend of increasing AAOD over the United States in the last decade

We examine the spatial and temporal trends of absorbing aerosol optical depth (AAOD) in the last decade over the United States (U.S.) observed by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Monthly average OMI AAOD has increased over broad areas of the central U.S. from 2005 to 2015, by up to a factor of 4 in some grid cells (~60 km resolution). The AAOD increases in all seasons, although the percentage increases are larger in summer (June-July-August) than in winter (December-January-February) by a factor of 3. Despite enhancements in AAOD, OMI AOD exhibits insignificant trend over most of the U.S. except parts of the central and western U.S., the latter which may partly be due to decreases in precipitation. Trends in AAOD contrast with declining trends in surface concentrations of black carbon (BC) aerosol. Interannual variability of local biomass burning emissions of BC may contribute to the positive trend in AAOD over the western U.S. Changes in both dust aerosol measured at the surface (in terms of concentration and size) and dust AAOD indicate distinct enhancements, especially over the central U.S. by 50-100%, which appears to be one of the major factors that impacts positive trends in AAOD.
S matrix of the supersymmetric nonlinear σ model

We construct the exact $S$ matrix for the supersymmetric nonlinear $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ model in one space and one time dimension. The results confirm that this model possesses mass generation and chiral-symmetry breaking. As a byproduct, we also construct the $S$ matrix for the elementary boson and fermion of the supersymmetric form of the sine-Gordon equation.
Surgical site infections after cesarean delivery: epidemiology, prevention and treatment

Cesarean delivery (CD) is one of the most common procedures performed in the United States, accounting for 32% of all deliveries. Postpartum surgical site infection (SSI), wound infection and endometritis is a major cause of prolonged hospital stay and poses a burden to the health care system. SSIs complicate a significant number of patients who undergo CD – 2-7% will experience sound infections and 2-16% will develop endometritis. Many risk factors for SSI have been described. These include maternal factors (such as tobacco use; limited prenatal care; obesity; corticosteroid use; nulliparity; twin gestations; and previous CD), intrapartum and operative factors (such as chorioamnionitis; premature rupture of membranes; prolonged rupture of membranes; prolonged labor, particularly prolonged second stage; large incision length; subcutaneous tissue thickness > 3 cm; subcutaneous hematoma; lack of antibiotic prophylaxis; emergency delivery; and excessive blood loss), and obstetrical care on the teaching service of an academic institution. Effective interventions to decrease surgical site infection include prophylactic antibiotic use (preoperative first generation cephalosporin and intravenous azithromycin), chlorhexidine skin preparation instead of iodine, hair removal using clippers instead of razors, vaginal cleansing by povidone-iodine, placental removal by traction of the umbilical cord instead of by manual removal, suture closure of subcutaneous tissue if the wound thickness is >2 cm, and skin closure with sutures instead of with staples. Implementation of surgical bundles in non-obstetric patients has been promising., Creating a similar patient care bundle comprised evidence-based elements in patients who undergo CD may decrease the incidence of this major complication. Each hospital has the opportunity to create its own CD surgical bundle to decrease surgical site infection.
Applying Differential Coercion and Social Support Theory to Intimate Partner Violence.

A review of the current body of literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) shows that the most common theories used to explain this public health issue are social learning theory, a general theo...
Advanced Digital Topology and Applications

In this chapter, we present advanced topics in digital geometry and topology including digital curvatures and their applications. First we give a brief overview of current development of computational topology that overlaps digital topology. Second, we introduce digital Gaussian curvatures and prove the digital form of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. The new formula that calculates genus is \(g = 1+ (|M_5|+2 \cdot |M_6| -|M_3|)/8\) where M i indicates the set of surface-points, each of which has i adjacent points on the surface. This formula provides the types of topological invariants such as genus and homology groups for 3D image processing. We also design a linear time algorithm that determines such invariants for digital spaces in 3D. Such computations could have applications in medical imaging as they can be used to identify patterns in 3D imaging. We then discuss the implementation of the method. After that, we introduce digital mean curvatures and its applications to 3D image classifications.
Interpreting Islam in China: Pilgrimage, Scripture, and Language in Han Kitab

Kristian Petersen’s new book is an excellent addition to the growing body of literature on the Sinophone Hui Muslims in imperial China. It shows with great clarity how a group of Hui intellectuals ...
Drink-O-Mender: An Adaptive Robotic Drink Adviser

Social robots become increasingly important in the domain of healthcare and maintenance. Nutrition is not an exception: research robots are used in several experiments to teach people about healthy nutrition. Moreover, robotic products, whose task is to keep track of the user's nutrition, to provide tips, reminders, and to recognize anomalies in health-related behaviors are on the way to market. To convince users of a robot's recommendations, speech is an important interaction modality. However, automatically adapting a robot's spoken advise depending on users' behaviors is still a challenge. We address this issue by building Drink-O-Mender, an interactive installation, which includes a Reeti robot augmented with additional sensing and adaptation abilities. The robot is designed to offer drinks in a social setting. It aims to convince users of consuming healthy drinks while adapting its spoken advices depending on the users' selected beverage choices. The installation is equipped with custom hardware including a smartscale to sense the type and quantity of consumed drinks. We describe the interactive installation in detail and demonstrate feasibility of generating adaptive spoken advices by reporting on insights gained from exhibiting the installation during a public event and observing interactions of 78 users with the robot.
Assessment of specific versus combined purpose knowledge based models in prostate radiotherapy

Knowledge-based planning (KBP) can be used to improve plan quality, planning speed, and reduce the inter-patient plan variability. KPB may also identify and reduce systematic variations in VMAT plans, something very important in multi-institutional clinical trials. Training of a KBP library is a complex and difficult process, and models must be validated prior to their clinical use. The purpose of this work is to assess the quality of the treatment plans generated using a specific versus combined purpose model KBP library for prostate cancer. Seven KBP model libraries were created from a set of patients treated on various Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved protocols. All KBP libraries were validated using an independent set of twenty patients (half treated Pr: Prostate alone half treated PLN: prostate plus pelvic lymph nodes). Two models were tested on the Pr patients only, four tested on PLN patients only, and one tested on all patients. All plans were normalized such that at least 95% of the prostate planning target volume received 100% of the planned dose. The plans based on different model libraries were compared to each other and the expert clinical plan. For Pr plans there were almost no statistically significant differences (P < 0.008) between the plans types except conformity index (CI) with library plans better than the expert. For PLN plans, all model libraries in generally showed femur doses and CI better than the expert plans (P < 0.003). This study demonstrated that no large differences were observed between specific versus combined KBP model libraries in dosimetry of prostate cancer patients. This would allow for a fewer specific plans to be needed to create a model library. Further studies are needed to evaluate benefits of combined purpose model libraries for planning of complex sites such as head and neck cancer.
Ensemble Deep TimeNet: An Ensemble Learning Approach with Deep Neural Networks for Time Series

Time series classification (TSC) is the problem of predicting class labels of time series generated by different signal sources. TSC has been a challenging problem in machine learning and statistics for many decades. TSC has many important applications in bioinformatics, biomedical engineering, and clinical predictions. A large number of classification algorithms have been developed to address TSC problem. However, there is still a lot of room for improving the accuracy of classification. Traditional approaches extract discriminative features from the time series data by applying different types of transformations. These features are then fed into standard classifiers for classification. After a tremendous success of deep neural networks in certain areas such as NLP, image processing, and speech recognition, some researchers have applied deep convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural network based approaches for TSC. Deep neural network based algorithms have established a new baseline for TSC. In this paper, we propose Ensemble Deep TimeNet (EDTNet), an ensemble of multiple deep neural networks for TSC. We have compared the accuracy of EDTNet with those of the state-of-the-art algorithms on 44 different datasets from UCR time series database. Through extensive experiments we show that EDTNet outperforms all the competing algorithms in most of the UCR datasets in terms of classification accuracy. Specifically, EDTNet outperforms the other algorithms on 26 out of the 44 datasets, whereas, the next best algorithm (FCN) has a better accuracy than the others in only 10 out of the 44. A GPU based python implementation of our algorithm will be posted at https://github.com/sudiptap/Timeseries-Classification when the paper is accepted.
Pot Roast, Politics, and Ants in the Pantry: Missouri's Cookbook Heritage

Review of: "Pot Roast, Politics, and Ants in the Pantry: Missouri's Cookbook Heritage," by Carol Fisher and John Fisher.
SoS Characterization and Optimization Approaches for an In-Space Hotel

With the entrance of space tourism ventures to the industry, there is a need for a dialogue and examples for tourism concepts to be approached with both system-of-systems (SoS) and optimization methods. The SoS definition and framework is essential for identifying the multi-faceted resources, operations, policies, and economics, as well as stakeholders, disruptors, and drivers that impact the SoS. This paper will present a design tool for an in-orbit hotel and associated vehicles/operations. An optimization approach is presented as useful for generating and analyzing architecture alternatives based on metrics of importance, such as affordability. The dialogue on these topics and the framework provided by the initial constructs presented by this paper should be valuable to the space tourism market and other new ventures in the space industry.
Progesterone Supplementation for the Prevention of Preterm Birth: Provider Practice in Wisconsin.

OBJECTIVE To assess provider practice patterns on type of progesterone prescribed and barriers specific to 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate utilization for preterm birth prevention. STUDY DESIGN A survey mailed to providers assessed utilization and barriers to long-acting reversible contraception and progesterone for preterm birth prevention. Data analysis included chi-square tests for homogeneity followed by post hoc tests of proportions to detect significant pairwise differences. RESULTS Five hundred sixty-three of 1,695 respondents who provide prenatal care were included in the analysis. More obstetric than family medicine and midwife providers (87.4% vs 31.4% and 72.6%, respectively; P < .001) prescribed any progesterone for preterm birth prevention. More obstetric providers prescribed 17a-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHP-C) compared with family medicine and midwife providers (98.1% vs 77.8% and 80.5%, respectively; P < .0001). Family medicine and midwife providers prescribed oral progestertone more often than obstetric providers (40.7% and 24.4% vs 13.1 %; P < .05). System-level barriers to 17OHP-C were reported more often than patient-level barriers at a rate that was highest among family medicine and midwife providers. CONCLUSION 17OHP-C has been demonstrated to be an effective method for prevention of recurrent preterm birth. It is used significantly less-and oral progesterone is used significantly more-by family medicine and midwife providers, emphasizing the need for increased education and decreased treatment barriers for its utilization for preterm birth prevention.
Does Sleep Really Matter? Examining Sleep among Salespeople as Boundary Role Personnel for Key Job Factors

ABSTRACTPurpose: Sleep deprivation among employees has become commonplace in the workforce. In the United States, the number of hours individuals sleep per night has declined by an hour and a half ...
Ranchitos: Immigrant integration via Latino sustainable agriculture

This article investigates the relationships between immigrant integration and agricultural, environmental sustainability. We provide evidence that ranchitos (Mexican-immigrant owned small rural ranches) serve as an important mechanism for immigrant integration as they regenerate place and belonging via their sustainable agricultural practices. Hence, understanding ranchitos’ roles in rural communities provides an essential contribution to Latino studies, as ranchitos highlight important relationships among ethnic cultural practices, environmental sustainability, and immigrant integration. Our findings point to ranchitos reshaping immigrant integration efforts via community economic development, by producing alternative foods and through their placemaking efforts. Latino ranchito owners are creating local added economic value, keeping wealth in the community, encompassing an environmental ethic, and supporting community/cultural assets. Ranchitos’ roles in rural communities make this organic and generative immigrant integration possible by supplementing their formal incomes and supporting the buy local movement, providing safe and healthy food, and recreating a Mexican rural lifestyle.
Improving Mentoring in Higher Education in Undergraduate Education and Exploring Implications for Online Learning

This article is a literature review of mentoring and higher education academic literature from 2008-2018. The review analyzed what makes an effective mentor and what are the implications of practice for those strategies. This article is for higher education leaders, mentoring programs, and mentors who want to improve their traditional and online mentoring programs and mentoring practices. After narrowing the search terms, the researcher searched EBSCO and ERIC databases and this search produced a combined total of 256 results. These articles were further narrowed to 34 articles that met the keyword search and exclusion criteria. The remaining articles are the focus of the literature review analysis for mentoring and higher education literature. The review produced three major themes of impact of mentoring, role of mentor, and mentoring programs, as well as implications for practice for each theme. The researcher further examined the themes in detail and provided information about retention, persistence, long-term benefits of mentoring, student interaction, student support, role models, types of mentoring programs, platforms for mentoring, and mentor training. The review concludes with suggestions for further research, including recommendations for mentor training and online mentoring.
DuetSGX: Differential Privacy with Secure Hardware.

Differential privacy offers a formal privacy guarantee for individuals, but many deployments of differentially private systems require a trusted third party (the data curator). We propose DuetSGX, a system that uses secure hardware (Intel's SGX) to eliminate the need for a trusted data curator. Data owners submit encrypted data that can be decrypted only within a secure enclave running the DuetSGX system, ensuring that sensitive data is never available to the data curator. Analysts submit queries written in the Duet language, which is specifically designed for verifying that programs satisfy differential privacy; DuetSGX uses the Duet typechecker to verify that each query satisfies differential privacy before running it. DuetSGX therefore provides the benefits of local differential privacy and central differential privacy simultaneously: noise is only added to final results, and there is no trusted third party. We have implemented a proof-of-concept implementation of DuetSGX and we release it as open-source.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons residues and the carcinogenic risk assessment to pregnant women in Nantong, China using QuEChERS method and HPLC—A pilot case study

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with a modified QuEChERS extraction for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in blood serum was developed to investigate the internal exposure level and the carcinogentic toxicity contribution rate of PAHs for pregnant women in Nantong, China. Venous blood (n = 48) was collected in the local hospital and the internal exposure level of 16 PAHs and the contribution rate of carcinogenicity to pregnant women were analyzed. Among all of the detected PAHs, the detection rate of pyrene (77.08%) was the highest, followed by naphthalene (64.58%) and benzo[a]anthracene (BaA, 45.83%). The carcinogenicity contribution rate of BaA (37.37%) was the highest, followed by fluorene (32.96%) and acenaphthylene (22.01%). The results showed that many kinds of carcinogenic PAHs can be detected in the serum of pregnant women in Nantong city, among which BaA should be paid most attention because of its high internal exposure level and carcinogenic risk. Meanwhile, the origins of general PAHs in serum samples were analyzed using the characteristic ratio analysis method. The PAH pollution level of air samples (n = 42) during the collection time of blood samples was also analyzed to compare the possible correlations between the two different results.
Hepatic Interactions in Atherosclerotic Heart Disease

Atherosclerotic heart disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The past few decades have seen the emergence of chronic inflammation as a mediator of atherosclerosis. Although the heart and vascular system remain the organ systems most affected in the atherosclerotic process, chronic inflammation and ischemia trigger a systemic multi-organ response. The liver is a critical organ for systemic hemostasis and recent developments have established an important role of the liver in response to atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia. In addition, the rapid emergence of systemic liver diseases has unraveled a pathophysiological link with heart disease with therapeutic implications. In this review, we explore the relationship between the liver and the heart in myocardial ischemia, describe epidemiological associations between various liver pathologies and coronary heart disease, and elucidate practical challenges in the clinical management of patients with concomitant coronary heart disease and hepatic abnormalities.
An Encephalitis Primer

For most clinicians managing a patient with encephalitis will be an infrequent event. The range of differential diagnoses in a child presenting with a clinical syndrome that could be encephalitis is broad. In addition, there are many pathogens that can cause encephalitis. In view of these facts, a systematic approach to clinical assessment, investigation and treatment, based on epidemiology and an understanding the limits of investigations, is crucial to effective management of this condition. This review focuses on encephalitis aetiology and investigation; HSV encephalitis; mycoplasma encephalitis; and flavivirus encephalitis as a globally important cause of disease.