cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Integrated Control Program for German Cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) in Multiple-unit Dwellings

The German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), control program described here was designed to reduce the impact of resistance, poor sanitation, and ineffective application technique. The components of the program were 1) surveys of the cockroach infestation level, and the attitudes of the target audience; 2) an insecticide resistance profile of the pest population; 3) an educational program; 4) a training program for management and pest control personnel; 5) specific control strategies; and 6) an evaluation of the program. The control program was field tested in Norfolk, Va., with the Norfolk Redevelopment and Housing Authority. Among the evidence for the decline in serious cockroach problems was the amount of money spent by residents for cockroach control. In 1982, residents spent an average of 68.00; this decreased to 44.00 in 1983. In 1982 the majority (57%) of residents mentioned insecticides as the best cockroach-control method, and only 16% mentioned cleanliness. In 1983, only 38% of residents mentioned insecticides as the best control method; 28% thought cleanliness was the best method. The data from the profile of insecticide resistance indicated that the most acceptable and effective insecticide would be an organophosphate.
Measuring Parameters of Hydro-generator by Using Load Rejection Method

Load rejection method is a way for measuring generator parameters while operation of the generator.The measured parameters have considered the saturation factors of the generator,providing more precise data for the power system calculation and analysis.Through measuring the stator open-circuit parameters by using the load rejection method on a hydro-generator,the principle of load rejection method,and points needing to pay attention have been presented..
Body mass index and quality of life in a survey of primary care patients.

BACKGROUND The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing and contributes to the burden of ill health in the community. The impact of obesity on health-related quality of life has been less well studied than how it affects physical morbidity and mortality. METHODS A survey of health-related quality of life using the 12-item Short Form (SF-12) of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 was mailed to patients attending a family medicine clinic. Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the relationships between scores on the mental and physical components of the SF-12 and body mass index (BMI) while controlling for age, sex, and family income. RESULTS Responses were received from 565 subjects (53%). The relationships among BMI and quality of life in the mental and physical domains were nonlinear. Quality of life scores were optimal when BMI was in the range of 20 to 25 kg per m2. CONCLUSIONS The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has published evidence-based clinical guidelines for the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. Subjects with BMI in the range 18.5 to 24.9 kg per m2 are classified as having normal weight. These observations suggest that achieving a weight in this range will maximize the patient's subjective sense of well-being.
Modeling of MZM-based photonic link power budget

An accurate methodology for analyzing the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) based optical link power budget is presented. It optimizes the transceiver's system-level performance to meet the specifications of the optical links with N-level (N=2,4,8) pulse amplitude modulation format for high-speed signaling.
The Pursuit of Happiness

A career in academic psychiatry is a huge investment of time and effort and therefore only worth pursuing if it contributes to personal happiness.
Strontium Metabolism and Mechanism of Interaction with Mineralized Tissues

The general responses manifested by intact animals following oral administration of alkaline earth cations include incorporation into extracellular and intracellular spaces, the mineral phase of tooth and skeletal tissues (1–3). The availability of radioisotopes of several of those cations and the development of specific and sensitive analytical techniques have allowed more definitive quantitative studies (4,5). These studies revealed differential body retention as a function of time and the specific chemical species employed. In general, overall retention followed the relationship Ca2+ > Sr2+ > Ba2+ > Be2+. This relationship has been rationalized in terms of the specific involvement of intestinal absorption, incorporation into and resorption from bone, and kidney excretion (1,5).
On the lack of a radio afterglow from some gamma-ray bursts – insight into their progenitors?

We investigate the intrinsic properties of a sample of bright (E_iso > 10^52 erg) gamma-ray bursts, comparing those with and without radio afterglows. We find that the sample of bursts with no radio afterglows has a significantly shorter mean intrinsic duration of the prompt gamma-ray radiation, and the distribution of this duration is significantly different from those bursts with a radio afterglow. Although the sample with no radio afterglow has on average lower isotropic energy, the lack of radio afterglow does not appear to be a result of simply energetics of the burst, but a reflection of a separate physical phenomenon likely related to the circumburst density profile. We also find a weak correlation between the isotropic gamma-ray energy and intrinsic duration in the sample with no radio afterglow, but not in the sample which have observed radio afterglows. We give possible explanations for why there may exist a sample of GRBs with no radio afterglow depending on whether the radio emission comes from the forward or reverse shock, and why these bursts appear to have intrinsically shorter prompt emission durations. We discuss how our results may have implications for progenitor models of GRBs.
ENIGMA-Viewer: Interactive Visualization Strategies for Conveying Effect Sizes in Meta-Analysis

We present ENIGMA-Viewer, an interactive visualization tool for scientists to compare effective sizes and association results on standardized regions of interest from different studies, as performed in large scale consortia studies such as those in the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium. We report how visualization methods are designed for interactive comparison of brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cortical thickness statistical test results. ENIGMA-viewer is an open-source software tool, publicly accessible through the NITRC website or online at http://enigma-viewer.org.
Uveal Melanoma with Histopathologic Intratumoral Heterogeneity Associated with Gene Expression Profile Discordance.

Purpose: To report a case of intratumoral gene expression profile discordance in a malignant uveal melanoma, associated with intratumoral heterogeneity based upon histopathologic features. Methods: The clinical history, fundus findings, imaging and histopathologic features, and DecisionDx-UM gene expression profile results (Castle Biosciences, Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA) of the tumor were reviewed. Results: A trans-retinal fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed for a thin, pigmented choroidal tumor in a 33-year-old man. Cells obtained from this biopsy were tested using the DecisionDx-UM gene expression profile test and the tumor was classified as class 1A. Cytology confirmed melanoma. The patient subsequently elected to undergo enucleation. On microscopic examination of the globe, the tumor was composed primarily of spindle B cells, but had a focal area composed of epithelioid cells. This portion of the tumor was subsequently tested and demonstrated a class 1B gene expression profile. Conclusion: Intratumoral discordance in gene expression profile results has been described in uveal melanomas. Here we demonstrate that this discordance may be associated in some cases with intratumoral heterogeneity based upon histopathologic features.
Hydrologic, land cover, and seasonal patterns of waterborne pathogens in Great Lakes tributaries

Great Lakes tributaries are known to deliver waterborne pathogens from a host of sources. To examine the hydrologic, land cover, and seasonal patterns of waterborne pathogens (i.e. protozoa (2), pathogenic bacteria (4) human viruses, (8) and bovine viruses (8)) eight rivers were monitored in the Great Lakes Basin over 29 months from February 2011 to June 2013. Sampling locations represented a wide variety of land cover classes from urban to agriculture to forest. A custom automated pathogen sampler was deployed at eight sampling locations which provided unattended, flow-weighted, large-volume (120–1630 L) sampling. Human and bovine viruses and pathogenic bacteria were detected by real-time qPCR in 16%, 14%, and 1.4% of 290 samples collected while protozoa were never detected. The most frequently detected pathogens were: bovine polyomavirus (11%), and human adenovirus C, D, F (9%). Human and bovine viruses were present in 16.9% and 14.8% of runoff-event samples (n = 189) resulting from precipitation and snowmelt, and 13.9% and 12.9% of low-flow samples (n = 101), respectively, indicating multiple delivery mechanisms could be influential. Data indicated human and bovine virus prevalence was different depending on land cover within the watershed. Occurrence, concentration, and flux of human viruses were greatest in samples from the three sampling locations with greater than 25% urban influence than those with less than 25% urban influence. Similarly, occurrence, concentration, and flux of bovine viruses were greatest in samples from the two sampling locations with greater than 50 cattle/km2 than those with less than 50 cattle/km2. In seasonal analysis, human and bovine viruses occurred more frequently in spring and winter seasons than during the fall and summer. Concentration, occurrence, and flux in the context of hydrologic condition, seasonality, and land use must be considered for each watershed individually to develop effective watershed management strategies for pathogen reduction.
Acute Headache and Sickle Cell Disease

Researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, determined the frequency of acute care visits for headache in children with homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD-SS), neuroimaging studies, and associated CNS events.
Home Lawn Seeding Mixtures and Timing Trial

Many lawn care professionals and homeowners debate when is the best time to establish a yard in Iowa, and how much more work and inputs it will take if planted at the wrong time of year. Additionally, so many different turfgrass species are sold that a side-by-side comparison of seed mixtures and planting dates are needed. The objectives of this study were to compare turfgrass seed that is locally, commercially available and commonly used, and planting timings. This is the first of a two-year study.
Longamoebia is not monophyletic: Phylogenomic and cytoskeleton analyses provide novel and well-resolved relationships of amoebozoan subclades.

Abstract Longamoebia is one of the most morphologically diverse member of Amoebozoa. It includes the human pathogen Acanthamoeba, which causes minor skin and serious eye infections as well as fatal central nervous system complications. The taxonomy and phylogeny of Longamoebia is poorly understood partly due to the growing number of molecular studies that report unsuspected affiliations of lineages with extremely different morphotypes in the group. A recent molecular study questioned the monophyly of Longamoebia. In this study, we conducted a more comprehensive phylogenomic analysis including all of putative members of Longamoebia to assess its monophyly. We conducted extensive analyses to see effects of outgroup choice, missing data, and gene and taxon sampling on resulting phylogenies. We also collected morphological characters derived from the cytoskeleton using immunocytochemistry to assess homologies of pseudopodia at a finer scale. Our phylogenomic analysis yielded a well-resolved tree of Amoebozoa and highly supported novel relationships. Discosea is recovered as a monophyletic group with all of its known taxonomic orders. However, its within-group relationships dramatically differed from those originally proposed. Our study strongly demonstrates that Longamoebia sensu Smirnov et al. (2011) is not monophyletic and an invalid taxon. Thecamoebida forms a strongly supported sister group relationship with clade Flabellinea (Dactylopodida and Vannellida), while Dermamoebida (Mayorella + Dermamoeba) form an independent branch basal to other members of Discosea. The remaining groups including members of Centramoebida form a consistently well-supported clade that was shown to form a sister group relationship with Himatismenida. This robust clade shares the unique cytoskeletal features of coiled cytoplasmic microtubule network and F-actin characters. Our analyses demonstrated that placement of unstable taxa in large-scale analysis with varying levels of missing data might be compromised by some confounding factors such as outgroup choice and gene and taxon sampling.
A UNIAXIAL TESTING APPROACH FOR CONSISTENT FAILURE IN VASCULAR TISSUES

Although uniaxial tensile testing is commonly used to evaluate failure properties of vascular tissue, there is no established protocol for specimen shape or gripping method. Large percentages of specimens are reported to fail near the clamp and can potentially confound the studies, or, if discarded will result in sample waste. The objective of this study is to identify sample geometry and clamping conditions that can achieve consistent failure in the midregion of small arterial specimens, even for vessels from older individuals. Failure location was assessed in 17 dogbone specimens from human cerebral and sheep carotid arteries using soft inserts. For comparison with commonly used protocols, an additional 22 rectangular samples were tested using either sandpaper or foam tape inserts. Midsample failure was achieved in 94% of the dogbone specimens, while only 14% of the rectangular samples failed in the midregion, the other 86% failing close to the clamps. Additionally, we found midregion failure was more likely to be abrupt, caused by cracking or necking. In contrast, clamp failure was more likely to be gradual and included a delamination mode not seen in midregion failure. Hence, this work provides an approach that can be used to obtain consistent midspecimen failure, avoiding confounding clamp-related artifacts. Furthermore, with consistent midregion failure, studies can be designed to image the failure process in small vascular samples providing valuable quantitative information about changes to collagen and elastin structure during the failure process.
Maximizing the symbiosis of static and dynamic bonds in self-healing boronic ester networks

Networks that contain boronic ester crosslinks undergo dynamic bond exchange that enables self-healing behavior and reprocessing. However, networks crosslinked exclusively by rapidly exchanging bonds are also susceptible to creep and stress relaxation, which limits many potential materials applications. In this report, we studied the effect of combining various ratios of dynamic boronic ester crosslinks and static (i.e., irreversible) crosslinks in bulk polymeric materials. We also considered different mechanisms of bond exchange by preparing networks that contained free diols to enable crosslink exchange of boronic esters by transesterification. The networks were evaluated in terms of responsiveness to moisture, proclivity towards deformation, and ability to self-heal. The networks containing free diols could be remolded and healed upon heating. By controlling the humidity and temperature of the environment, the dominant boronic ester exchange mechanism could be shifted from hydrolysis/re-esterification to transesterification. Incorporating a fraction of permanent crosslinks yielded networks that maintained their structural integrity yet still underwent good healing and reproducible repair after multiple cut/heal cycles. When both free diols and irreversible crosslinks were incorporated into a single network, shape stability was enhanced, and improved healing was observed when compared to networks that contained either free diol or permanent crosslinks independently.
IPv6 + MOBILE-IP + MRSVP == Internet Cellular Phone?

Initially, Internet protocols were not designed for mobility nor were they designed for handling real-time services. Recent research efforts on Mobile-IP and RSVP are aimed at providing these features in the Internet. However, additional support is needed to provide real-time services for moving users. One such real-time service for mobile users is the concept of an Internet Cellular Phone. An IP based backbone network capable of delivering packetized voice to moving users.
Measures of Memory and Learning

This chapter presents the data related to a memory and learning for the VL2 Psychometric Toolkit Project. The data were generated for short-term/working memory based on forward and reverse digit and letter span tasks presented in both print and American Sign Language (ASL), while linguistic learning and memory data were generated using a sign-based list learning and memory measure developed specifically for use with deaf signers. The sample was comprised of deaf college students evaluated as part of the VL2 Psychometric Toolkit. In addition to providing descriptive statistics, correlations with a brief measure of nonverbal intelligence and measures of executive, visuospatial, and linguistic functioning and academic achievement administered concurrently as part of the VL2 Toolkit are presented. The relationships observed are discussed in the context of both research in the general population and, when available, previous research with deaf individuals.
Writing for Publication in the Rural Special Education Quarterly

Enhancing your potential for publication of a manuscript in the Rural Special Education Quarterly is the focus of this article. The executive editor of the RSEQ presents information regarding histo...
Very Light Jets: Requirements for Pilot Qualification and Collegiate Aviation’s Role

This study examined how senior flight operations staff at Very Light Jet (VLJ) air taxi and manufacturing companies determine pilot experience levels, training, education and qualifications for their current and future flight operations. Additionally, this study examined how collegiate aviation may address the pilot training and education needs of the VLJ industry. Senior flight operations staffs at two VLJ air taxi operators and three VLJ manufacturers were interviewed regarding these issues. Results indicated that current pilot supply for commercial operations in VLJ aircraft were being met by pilots leaving regional airline operations and also from promotion within respective respondents’ current air taxi operations. Innovative mentoring programs designed for single-pilot VLJ commercial operations were not being routinely utilized in favor of the more traditional Captain and First Officer roles for gaining flight experience and advancement. Another operational implication for the traditional two-pilot crew versus single-pilot was to meet particular customer insurance requirements for multi-pilot crews. Respondents valued collegiate aviation’s past preparation of industry pilots and offered suggestions in adjusting curriculum away from traditional rote systems training to one of cockpit management. Results indicated that while there was no immediate need for formal relationships between VLJ industry and collegiate aviation, respondents were open to the idea of future collaboration.
Regulation of Follicle Development by Gonadotropins and Growth Factors

The hypothesis that growth factors interact with reproductive hormones to modulate cellular function is attractive because it extends our concepts of reproductive endocrinology to the level of cell-cell regulation. In the most general sense, one could propose three working hypotheses by which growth factors and reproductive hormones could interact to modulate reproductive function: (1) reproductive hormones might modulate the production of and/or cellular responsiveness to growth factors; (2) growth factors might modulate the production of and/or cellular responsiveness to reproductive hormones; and, (3) target cells for certain growth factors or reproductive hormones may respond directly only to their specific regulators, but interact with each other via gap-junctionmediated second messenger systems.
Protein Kinase D2 Modulates Cell Cycle By Stabilizing Aurora A Kinase at Centrosomes

Aurora A kinase (AURKA) is a master cell-cycle regulator that is often dysregulated in human cancers. Its overexpression has been associated with genome instability and oncogenic transformation. The protein kinase D (PKD) family is an emerging therapeutic target of cancer. Aberrant PKD activation has been implicated in tumor growth and survival, yet the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study identified, for the first time, a functional crosstalk between PKD2 and Aurora A kinase in cancer cells. The data demonstrate that PKD2 is catalytically active during the G2-M phases of the cell cycle, and inactivation or depletion of PKD2 causes delay in mitotic entry due to downregulation of Aurora A, an effect that can be rescued by overexpression of Aurora A. Moreover, PKD2 localizes in the centrosome with Aurora A by binding to γ-tubulin. Knockdown of PKD2 caused defects in centrosome separation, elongated G2 phase, mitotic catastrophe, and eventually cell death via apoptosis. Mechanistically, PKD2 interferes with Fbxw7 function to protect Aurora A from ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent degradation. Taken together, these results identify PKD as a cell-cycle checkpoint kinase that positively modulates G2-M transition through Aurora A kinase in mammalian cells.Implications: PKD2 is a novel cell-cycle regulator that promotes G2-M transition by modulating Aurora A kinase stability in cancer cells and suggests the PKD2/Aurora A kinase regulatory axis as new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1785-97. ©2018 AACR.
Peptide ligand-based ELISA reagents for antibody detection

Abstract Detection of specific antibodies has numerous research, therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Short peptide ligands that bind specifically to antibodies with continuous epitopes can be derived from epitope mapping experiments. Short peptide ligands (mimotopes) specific to antibodies with discontinuous epitopes can be identified by screening complex peptide libraries. In an effort to enhance practical utility of such peptide ligands, we describe here a simple approach to turn such target antibody-specific peptide ligands into specific ELISA detection reagents. We show that a simple addition of biotinylated peptide ligands to commonly available horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled streptavidin (or HRP-anti-biotin antibody), or digoxigenin-labeled peptides to HRP-anti-digoxigenin antibody detection reagents transformed these generic detection reagents into sensitive target antibody-specific reagents. ELISA assays performed using these reagents exhibited excellent analytical properties indicating their practical utility for antibody detection. One generic detection reagent can be readily transformed into many different specific ELISA reagents by a simple mix and match design using an appropriate target-specific peptide ligand. Simplicity of preparation of these ELISA reagents for detecting antibodies should facilitate their practical applications.
A spatial, simultaneous model of social capital and poverty

Abstract This study explores the interrelationship between social capital and poverty, a negative indicator of well-being, in the Western United States. Econometric models that account for the endogeneity of poverty and social capital, spatial dependence, and cross-equation error correlation were used to explore two questions: is the presence of social capital associated with reduced poverty levels and does the presence of poverty impact social capital stocks? We found evidence that communities with higher social capital levels tend to have lower poverty rates and that poverty may pose barriers to social capital formation. This suggests that policies to reduce poverty will be more effective if coupled with policies to support social capital formation. The study's findings are particularly salient for communities in persistent poverty. These results emerged only after accounting for endogeneity and spatial relationships. Because many factors contributing to well-being are jointly determined with well-being and indicators of well-being are frequently spatially clustered, this situation is likely to be more common than has been typically recognized in the literature.
Modeling and Detection of Evolving Threats Using Random Finite Set Statistics

Many threats in the form of human actions (terrorist attacks, military actions, etc.) can be modeled by someone with relevant expert knowledge. A model would be a hypothesis or guess as to how a threat would develop and what kind of observable evidence it would produce along the way. We present a method of stochastically modeling these types of processes using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). We then present a detection scheme using a Bernoulli Filter - an increasingly popular application of random finite set statistics
Imaging with flat optics: metalenses or diffractive lenses?

Recently, there has been an explosion of interest in metalenses for imaging. The interest is primarily based on their subwavelength thicknesses. Diffractive gratings have been used as thin optical elements since the late 19th century. Here, we show that multilevel diffractive lenses (MDLs), when designed properly, can exceed the performance of metalenses. Furthermore, MDLs can be designed and fabricated with larger constituent features, making them accessible to low-cost, large-area volume manufacturing, which is generally challenging for metalenses. The support substrate will dominate overall thickness for all flat optics. Therefore, the advantage of a slight decrease in thickness (from ∼2λ to ∼λ/2) afforded by metalenses may not be useful. We further elaborate on the differences between these approaches and clarify that metalenses have unique advantages when manipulating the electromagnetic fields, rather than intensity.
Feedlot Performance and Pregnancy Inhibition of Heifers Treated with Depot-Formulated Melengestrol Acetate

In dose titration trials beef heifers received depot-formulated melengestrol acetate (DEPO-MGA) in single s.c. ear injections to determine effects on performance and pregnancy inhibition. In a 112-d feedlot trial, 105 heifers were assigned to light, medium and heavy weight blocks on five treatments: dietary MGA (.5 mg.hd-1.d-1), control (no MGA) or DEPO-MGA on d 1 at .5, 1.0 or 1.5 ml/hd (30, 60 or 90 mg MGA/hd, respectively). A high-energy cracked corn diet was fed to all heifers ad libitum. At d 56 and d 112, ADG and feed/gain were not affected (P greater than .05) by dietary MGA or DEPO-MGA treatments, although dietary MGA tended to increase 112-d ADG (1.67 vs 1.58 kg) compared with controls. In a pasture trial, 100 beef heifers were assigned by weight to five treatments: control (no MGA) or DEPO-MGA injected on d 1 at .5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 ml/hd (30, 60, 90 or 120 mg MGA/hd, respectively). Heifers were pastured as a single herd and were exposed to fertile bulls from d 7 to d 181. Weights and pregnancy data were recorded at d 62, 90, 134, 181 and 225. Heifer ADG was not affected (P greater than .05) by DEPO-MGA treatment at any weighing date. By d 90, 90% of control heifers were pregnant, and 100% were pregnant by d 134. Pregnancy inhibition rates of 90% to 100% for each DEPO-MGA treatment at d 62, 90 and 134 were higher (P less than .01) than those in control heifers. Pregnancy was inhibited in 90% of heifers on 60-mg and 90-mg DEPO-MGA treatments through d 181, and in 95% of heifers on the 120 mg DEPO-MGA treatment through d 225.
Primary Care Physicians/Subspecialty Pediatricians

Primary care physicians are often the first point of contact for individuals with ASD and their families, and they continue to play an important role throughout treatment. Physicians often play the role of mediator and leader in many multidisciplinary and other models of treatment teams. This chapter addresses the role and expertise of physicians within the context of interdisciplinary teams. In addition, it discusses the importance and differences between several types of primary care physicians, including developmental-behavioral pediatricians and the unique areas of expertise that they bring to the team.
Domestic Violence During Pregnancy in Greece

There are no data about the prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy in Greece. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and the associated factors of domestic violence in a representative population of pregnant women in Greece. Five hundred and forty-six consecutive women, in outpatient clinics of two Public General Regional Hospitals in Athens, agreed to answer anonymously the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) questionnaire, translated into the Greek language. Five hundred and forty-six questionnaires were returned (100% response rate), revealing that the prevalence of domestic violence in pregnancy is 6%, with 3.4% of the sample having being abused since the beginning of pregnancy, mainly by their husband/partner. The factors associated with higher risk of abuse during pregnancy were nationality, socio-economic background, and educational level. Foreign women or women with a foreign partner, unemployed individuals, housewives, and university students faced a higher risk of being abused. A substantial age difference (≥10 years) in the couple, a history of abortions, and an undesired pregnancy also increased the risk of violence in pregnancy. These findings suggest that prenatal care is an important period for discussing abuse and, in the end, encouraging women to seek help.
Interactions between Sclerostin and Glycosaminoglycans

Sclerostin (SOST) is a glycoprotein having many important functions in the regulation of bone formation as a key negative regulator of Wnt signaling in bone. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which allows for a direct quantitative analysis of the label-free molecular interactions in real-time, has been widely used for the biophysical characterization of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-protein interactions. In the present study, we report kinetics, structural analysis and the effects of physiological conditions (e.g., salt concentrations, Ca2+ and Zn2+concentrations) on the interactions between GAGs and recombinant human (rh) and recombinant mouse (rm) SOST using SPR. SPR results revealed that both SOSTs bind heparin with high affinity (rhSOST-heparin, KD~36 nM and rmSOST-heparin, KD~77 nM) and the shortest oligosaccharide of heparin that effectively competes with full size heparin for SOST binding is octadecasaccharide (18mer). This heparin binding protein also interacts with other highly sulfated GAGs including, disulfated-dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate E. In addition, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to characterize the structure of sulfated GAGs that bound to SOST.
Clinical Reasoning: Seven-year-old girl with progressive gait difficulties.

A 7-year-old girl from a middle eastern country was referred for progressive gait difficulties. She was born full-term. She was able to run, climb stairs, and keep up with other children until age 6. She began to hyperextend her right knee and evert her right foot while walking, leading to falls, and her symptoms progressed to the left leg in about 6 months. Within 1 year after symptom onset, she was no longer able to walk independently. There was no diurnal variation of her symptoms. There was some decline in language and cognitive functions. Her parents were first cousins and 3 of her mother's sisters and 1 brother had gait difficulty beginning in their teens, which worsened; all of them used assistive devices. The parents and the patient's 3 siblings (younger and older) were unaffected.
Studies on the Destruction of Red Blood Cells

B OORMAN, Dodd, and Loutitl have demonstrated that the immune serum prepared by Coombs, Mourant, and Race2 by the injection of human serum (not red cells) into rabbits may be used to distinguish c’ertain types of acquired hemolytic jaundice from congenital hemolytic jaundice: They observed that the washed red blood cells from five patients with acquired hemolytic jaundice were agglutinated by this serum. On the other hand, the washed red blood cells from seventeen patients with congenital hemolytic jaundice were not agglutinated. The test was originally developed by Coombs and associates3 for the detection of the incomplete Rh agglutinin on the supposition that such sensitized red blood cells might carry adsorbed antibody globulins. The red blood cells are agglutinated presumably as a physical manifestation of the union of the globulin OP other substance on the surface of the red cells with the antibody in the test serum. Acquired hemolytic jaundice has been reported as Fan independent acute or chronic entity*> 5 or in association with malaria, tuberculosis, cirrhosis of the liver, Hodgkin’s disease, leucemia, carcinomatosis, and cysts and tumors of the ovary.sp 7 Splenomegaly is often present in such conditions, and splenectomy in some instanbes, although not necessarily altering the cause of the disease, may be beneficial by decreasing red blood cell destruction. 1:n some cases the agglutination titer of the patient’s red blood cells in antihuman serum rabbit serum declines after splenectomy.* Such observations, also encountered in our own experience, have raised the question of whether the spleen, whkh contains both lymphocytes and reticula-endothelial cells as potential sources of antibodies, might be a source of the substance presumably adhering to the red blood cells of these pa.tients. The principal objective of the experiments reported here was to examine the spleens removed from patients with acquired hemolytic jaundiee and various other conditions for the presence of substances possessing an affinity for normal red blood cells.
Beta Decay of Be 11

${\mathrm{Be}}^{11}$ has been made in the reaction ${\mathrm{B}}^{11}(n, p){\mathrm{Be}}^{11}$ and its radiations have been studied with plastic and NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometers both singly and in coincidence. The half-life as determined from measurements on both beta rays and gamma rays is 13.57\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15 sec. Decay takes place by beta-ray emission to the ground state of ${\mathrm{B}}^{11}$ (61%, $logft=6.77$, ${\ensuremath{\beta}}_{max}=11.48$ Mev), to the 2.14-Mev first excited state (29%, $logft=6.63$), to the 6.76-6.81-Mev doublet (6.5%, $logft=5.93$) and to the 7.99-Mev level (4.1%, $logft=5.53$). Limits are set on the decay to several other levels, particularly those at 4.46 and 5.03 Mev (\ensuremath{\le}0.2%). Gamma rays of 2.121, 4.64, 5.86, 6.76, and 7.97 Mev are observed both singly and in coincidence with beta-ray branches. An energy separation ${\mathrm{Be}}^{11}$-${\mathrm{B}}^{11}$=11.48\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.15 Mev is derived from the various beta and gamma-ray energy measurements. It is concluded that the assignment $J=\frac{1}{2}\ensuremath{-}$ for ${\mathrm{Be}}^{11}$, as expected from the shell model, is possible but cannot be established firmly on the basis of the present evidence.
NMR-Guided High-Temperature Electrolyte Design Using a Novel PF5 Marker

The thermal degradation of electrolytes containing lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) is a well-studied subject. However, practical application of the knowledge is difficult since the effects of t...
Knowledge gaps in organic research: understanding interactions of cover crops and tillage for weed control and soil health

Organic crop systems rely on tillage as the primary means to control weeds, but negative impacts of tillage may prevent farmers from achieving the potential soil health benefits of organic management. Cover crops have been suggested as a solution for overcoming this tillage trade-off directly by enhancing soil health and indirectly by providing weed control, thus reducing the need for tillage. In order to characterize the state of published research on the effects of cover crops on weed control and soil health in organic crop systems, we conducted a formal literature search on this topic and identified 116 relevant studies which were subsequently categorized by research focus, management strategy, and variables measured. We found 83 studies examined effects of cover crops on weed control and 33 studies examined effects of cover crops on soil health, but only 10 of the studies reported on both weed control and soil health effects. The lack of integrated studies examining both weed control and soil health responses to management highlights a research gap not sufficiently addressed by researchers, even though it is a topic of great interest to many organic farmers. A majority of studies (79) included reduced or no-till treatments, and annual grasses, clover, and vetch species were the most common cover crops. Assessments of aboveground biomass were the most common weed control measurements, while soil organic matter was the most common soil health measurement. Recommendations for future research needs include the following: more integrated assessments of the effects of cover crops on both soil health and weed control under varying tillage regimes; greater effort to characterize the soil health impacts of cover crop systems utilizing newly developed soil health indicators including soil physical parameters; long-term studies to assess dynamic soil health responses as well as perennial weed pressure (particularly in reduced and no-till organic systems); and greater allocation of research funding to regions outside of North America and Europe.
A genome-wide and cotranscriptional suppressor of R loops

R loops arise from hybridization of RNA transcripts with template DNA during transcription. Unrepaired R loops lead to transcription-replication collisions, causing DNA damage and genomic instability. In this issue of Genes & Development, Perez-Calero and colleagues (pp. 898-912) identify UAP56 as a cotranscriptional RNA-DNA helicase that unwinds R loops. They found that UAP56 helicase activity is required to remove R loops formed from different sources and prevent R-loop accumulation genome-wide at actively transcribed genes.
Gender-responsive language in the National Policy Guidelines for Immunization in Kenya and changes in prevalence of tetanus vaccination among women, 2008–09 to 2014: A mixed methods study

Abstract Global evidence suggests that maternal vaccination rates are partly related to intersectional gender-related disparities. Kenya recently eliminated maternal and neonatal tetanus, but previously had low rates of tetanus vaccination in many districts. Examining both national data and gender-responsive language in policies can potentially illuminate this progress. This study used mixed-methods approach: content analysis to identify gender-responsive language in Kenya's National Policy Guidelines for Immunization 2013, and logistic regression to analyze data from the Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys: 2008–09 (pre-policy) and 2014 (post-policy) to determine whether vaccination utilization significantly changed pre- and post-policy. Kenya's vaccine Guidelines highlighted a comprehensive life-cycle approach with several mentions of targeted immunization sensitization interventions for diverse sub-populations of women and gatekeepers. Logistic regression suggested an association between year of survey administration and prevalence of tetanus vaccination, with greater adjusted odds post policy implementation (e.g., 2014). Further in-depth research, like elite interviews, might prove valuable.
Invariants and Hodge Cycles

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on invariants and Hodge cycles. It discusses that the problem of determining the space of Hodge cycles is reducible to the problem of determining the space of group invariants. However, unlike the ordinary invariants-theory, this invariants-theory is a bit complicated, because it relates also to a combinatrix of the Galois-group. The chapter describes the character-algebra of SL(2,C). It presents that when a representation P of SL(2, C) is a linear combination of 1, X2, X4,….with non-negative coefficients, P is said to be even. It presents the character-algebra of a product of SL2(C). Chemistry and abelian scheme is described in the chapter.
Crisis demands leadership, so does our research

(2020) highlights a range of research topics that are ripe for study in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Since the time of writing, however, the pandemic in the United States has grown more severe, there have been significant accompanying economic disruptions (including large-scale unemployment and underemployment, with many organizations closing permanently), federal troops are being deployed in some cities, and a national movement spurred by the murder of George Floyd has prompted the country to again consider its legacy of race relations and racism. [...]the situation Rudolph etal. wrote about is even more chaotic today than they envisioned. [...]many employees in lower wage jobs may be experiencing cumulative stress due to many factors including physical illness, mental distress, and adverse impact. In line with the focal article, we believe that a discussion on the occupational health and safety for different employees, including those on the frontlines (i.e., nurses);those transitioning to working from home;and those experiencing furloughs, layoffs, and reduced hours, is necessary. [...]research should be conducted to determine the extent to which leaders have the ability to influence work stressors during a crisis (i.e., high workloads, hazardous work environments, building team cohesion and social support, enhancing communication strategies, fears of getting infected, negative emotions, and low perceived organizational support).
Degradation of Surface Recombination Velocity at a-Si/c-Si interface under light and temperature

With silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells at their practical efficiency limit, their long-term reliability and stability remains the hindering block toward mass adoption. Precisely, it is the degradation of passivation over time under field operating conditions at amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and crystalline silicon (c-Si) interface that is a concern. Therefore, we investigate the passivation quality of a-Si:H/c-Si in terms of interface defect and charge density by extracting surface recombination velocity (SRV) using the temperature- and injection- dependent lifetime spectroscopy technique. Our results show passivation quality of the interface degrades at elevated temperature due to thermally activated defects at the surface. Moreover, temporal dependence of a-Si:H/c-Si interface passivation shows degradation due to increase in SRV originating from failing chemical passivation exhibited by an increase in defect density at the interface. Interestingly, field passivation seems to remain the same through the time of these experiments.
The Effect of School Quality on Residential Sales Price

This study seeks to find the extent to which various measures of public school quality are capitalized into house prices after the No Child Left Behind Act (2001). Individual residential sales in C...
CARBOHYDRATE DISTURBANCES IN MENTAL HOSPITAL PATIENTS, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF AZACYCLONOL.

Abstract Reports of the diabetogenic effect of azacyclonol in sub-altoxanized rats led to a study of its action on carbohydrate metabolism in a mental hospital population. Two studies were conducted: (1) A retrospective study compared patients who had received azacyclonol for therapeutic reasons with a group of matched patients. (2) A prospective study compared a group of patients placed on azacyclonol with a group of patients on placebo. The retrospective study suggested a diabetogenic effect of azacyclonol in predisposed patients, but the prospective study failed to confirm this. In the retrospective study, half of the patients in the azacyclonol and ‘control’ groups showed abnormal glucose tolerance tests. In these patients the abnormal composite glucose tolerance test (KGTT) values correlated positively with patients' deviation from the ideal weight. In the prospective study, the pooled KGTT values changed significantly over the 7-month period, but independently of whether the patients were on azacyclonol or on placebo. These changes could not be explained by alteration in weight. Half of the patients in the prospective study who had definitely abnormal KGTT values showed normal results in one of the subsequent tests. Sudden withdrawal of azacyclonol did not appear to affect auditory hallucinations in schizophrenic patients.
Onomastics and Indirect Communication Among The Kabre of Northern Togo

This paper focuses on the communicative use of allusive names among the Kabre of Northern Togo. The Kabre, like many other ethnic groups in Africa, have developed a verbal strategy that involves the use of personal names and animal names to indirectly communicate their feelings and opinions, particularly in conflict-laden situations. After providing a brief comparative analysis of African and Western concepts of proper names, the author presents a synopsis of the Kabre onomastic system and focuses on the category of allusive names which are used in the onomastic communication under consideration. He illustrates his analysis with examples from two subcategories of Kabre allusive names: the erotic names whose function is educational, and the polemical names which are vengeance-oriented.
Experimental evaluation of peer endorsement system artifacts using best-of-breed ideals: effects of online decision confidence on post-choice regret

Peer endorsement systems (PES), systems for the collection and presentation of online product reviews represent a new and increasingly common sight on many e-Commerce websites. The number of reviews and scope of data presentation made possible by PESs pose demands on the information processing abilities of a typical customer. This study posits that differences in PES design based on quality and presentation of online customer reviews can impact user perceptions about whether they are getting "the whole story" about a product. Drawing on economic regret theory, we develop a theoretical model to test the impact of PES design on consumer's decision confidence and post-choice regret. We conduct an expost experimental analysis of two competing PES interfaces and show that key differences in PES design have a surprising and relevant impact on the way in which data from that interface is perceived and used by customers in the online decision-making process.
Effects of the ionophore monensin on type II collagen and proteoglycan synthesis and secretion by cultured chondrocytes

Detailed studies of the effects of the ionophore monensin upon avian chondrocyte ultrastructure, macromolecular synthesis, and macromolecular secretion have been carried out. Embryonic avian chondrocytes in suspension culture were incubated in concentrations of monensin ranging from 1 X 10(-7) to 1 X 10(-6) M for durations up to 8 h. Electron microscopy revealed that the treated chondrocytes developed abnormal Golgi structures and a markedly distended rough endoplasmic reticulum. Biochemical and immunoassay studies showed that while total protein synthesis was only slightly impaired by monensin, the ionophore had pronounced effects upon the secretion of both type II collagen and proteoglycans. These two macromolecules responded to monensin inhibition in a similar fashion and accumulated within the affected chondrocytes. The kinetics of response over the monensin concentration range used was virtually identical for type II collagen and proteoglycan. Undersulfation of proteoglycan, caused by monensin, was examined by ion exchange chromatography and analysis of the products of chondroitinase ABC digestion. The results indicated that undersulfation affected all glycosaminoglycan chains in a general fashion rather than affecting a specific population of chains.