cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Carotid artery stenting is safe and associated with comparable outcomes in men and women

Objective Historically, large randomized controlled studies looking at carotid endarterectomy (CEA) have indicated an increased perioperative risk for women when gender subgroup analysis was performed. However, the outcomes of carotid stenting in women as compared to men have not been adequately investigated. We sought to compare the safety and efficacy of carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) when performed in women as compared to men. Methods Procedures, complications, demographics, co-morbidities, and follow-up data from carotid stenting procedures performed in a bi-campus division were entered into a prospective database and then retrospectively supplemented with stored angiographic image data and reviewed. Arterial anatomic characteristics evaluated using angiographic images were: common carotid/internal carotid lesion length ratio, common carotid/internal carotid diameter, index lesion length, common carotid/internal carotid artery tortuosity, and lesion and aortic arch calcification. Outcomes compared included groin complications, postoperative pressor requirements, length of stay, restenosis, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and death. Results Between 2003 and 2008, 228 patients underwent 238 procedures. Cerebral protection devices and self-expanding stents were placed in all patients. A total of 97 percutaneous interventions performed in 93 women were compared with 141 interventions in 135 men. Mean age in women was 71.8 ± 9.2 years, in men was 72.2 ± 9.1 years ( P > .99); 44.3% of women and 34.7% of men had symptomatic disease ( P = .14). Preoperative demographics and co-morbidities did not differ significantly between genders, with the exception of hypertension (83.0% of males vs 96.7% of females, P = .001), and history of coronary artery bypass grafting (31.8% of males vs 16.1% of females, P = .01). There were no significant differences seen in anatomic arterial characteristics, though there was a trend towards women having larger internal carotid to common carotid diameter ratios (0.65 vs 0.62) and more plaques isolated to the common carotid segment (9.5% vs 6.9%). There were no significant differences seen in overall 30-day peri-procedural stroke rate (2.1% in women and 4.2% in men, P = .48), death rate (0 % vs 0.7%, P > .99), or cardiac events (3.2% vs 0.7%, P = .3). The combined 30-day stroke, death, and MI rate was 5.7% for males compared to 5.4% for females ( P > .99). There were no differences observed in the long-term survival, stroke-free survival, or restenosis between genders. Conclusion Despite previous concerns over adverse outcomes in women undergoing carotid endarterectomy, from our data, carotid stenting appears to be a safe modality in women with equivalent outcomes when compared to men.
Kinetics of epitaxial growth and roughening

Abstract We review some recent results on epitaxial growth and surface roughening. Particular emphasis is placed on the concept of the critical island size in submonolayer growth and on the existence of scaling in both the submonolayer and multilayer growth regimes. The use of scaling ideas as well as Monte Carlo simulations and continuum equations is shown to be effective in understanding experimental results for submonolayer growth and surface roughening.
Long-term and short-term price memory in the stock market

Abstract In this study we examine the issue of memory in common stock returns through an analysis of short- and long-term dependencies in various equity return series. We conclude that there is no compelling evidence that would support a finding of systematic dependencies in the behavior of equity returns.
Discharge-flow kinetics measurements using intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy.

Intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy ("ICLAS") has been demonstrated as a feasible detection method for trace species in a discharge flow tube. This implementation has been used to measure the rate of the reaction between atomic hydrogen and NO to form HNO in helium carrier gas. A reaction rate constant of (4.3 ′ 0.4) × 10 - 3 2 cm 6 molecule - 2 s - 1 at 295 K was measured for the reaction H + NO + M → HNO + M (M = He). The pressure and concentration range enabled by ICLAS detection has allowed us to limit reactive pathways that would inhibit the formation of HNO. The sensitivity of ICLAS, coupled with the versatility of the discharge flow technique, suggests that intracavity absorption spectroscopy will be a useful technique for kinetics measurements on free radicals and other reactive species.
CH-54A Engine Air Particle Separator-3 1/2 Years of Successful Operation

The CH-54A EAPS — the first effective, operational Engine Air Particle Separator — has been in field service in Southeast Asia for 3 1/2 years. In that time, engine times between removal for erosion have increased from approximately 80 hr to over 800 hr. Due to the availability of EAPS, engine TBO has increased from 400 to 800 hr. This paper reviews EAPS operational experience to date. The environment at operational sites is reviewed, engine removal history is summarized, and the various design improvements developed during this period are discussed. Recommendations for future systems design and development are included.Copyright © 1970 by ASME
Evolution of Chemistry along the Bagmati Drainage Network in Kathmandu Valley

The Bagmati River in Kathmandu valley, Nepal, was studied to understand the influence of human and geochemical processes on changes in river chemistry (nutrients, organic matter, and major cations and anions) along the drainage network. Population density appeared to drive variation in the chemistry of surface waters at 10 stations in the Bagmati River. For all constituents studied, concentrations increased with distance downstream and many parameters showed strong relationships with human population density adjacent to the river. The composition of river water suggests that sewage effluent entering the river has a major effect on water quality. Concentrations of most solutes were highest during summer and lower during the winter monsoon season. The contribution of chemical weathering processes to water quality of the Bagmati appears to be minor within the Kathmandu valley. Dominant cations and anions when expressed in equivalents per liter were $$ {\text{Na}}^{ + } \, > > \,{\text{Ca}}^{{2 + }} \, > {\text{K}}^{ + } \, > > {\text{Mg}}^{{2 + }} $$ and $$ {\text{Cl}}^{ - } \, > > {\text{SO}}^{{2 - }}_{4} \, > {\text{PO}}^{{3 - }}_{4} \, > > {\text{NO}}^{ - }_{3} $$ along the entire Bagmati drainage system. Ammonium contributed almost all nitrogen in the total dissolved nitrogen fraction and the concentration of nitrate was negligible, probably due to rapid denitrification and limited nitrification within the stream channel under conditions of relatively low oxygen. Decreases in sulfate along the stream channel may also be due to the reduction of sulfate to sulfide due to heavy organic matter loading. Water quality is unacceptable for any use and the whole ecosystem is severely affected due to human activities within the urban areas of the drainage basin.
Automatic tool path generation of a feature-basedCAD/CAPP/CAM integrated system

CAD/CAM development over the past few decades has significantly improved design and manufacturing efficiency. Although CAD, CAPP and CAM technology has advanced greatly, the links between these systems are still weak. Currently the information from CAD and CAPP systems cannot be interpreted directly by CAM systems. It is the users who interpret the information and make the connection between CAD and CAM systems. The current method to generate tool paths and NC programs, especially machining geometry preparation, involves extensive manual interactions in a CAM system. To improve production efficiency further, a tighter CAD/CAM integration is needed to automate the design-to-manufacturing process. The paper discusses the automation of tool path generation in an integrated CAD/CAPP/CAM system based on machining features. Machining features are utilized to carry machining geometry information from CAPP to CAM systems. An integration layer between FBMach and Unigraphics is implemented to achieve an integrated ...
Consumer preferences for local production and other value-added label claims for a processed food product

Using stated preference data from Kentucky and Ohio, USA, we estimate consumer willingness-to-pay for varieties of a processed food product (blackberry jam) that are differentiated with respect to their local production labelling and a series of other value-added claims. Results show that consumers were willing to pay more for the product indicating locally produced, produced in their state or in a well-identified multi-state region. Consumers were willing to purchase organic products, although there might be some confusion as to the meaning of the organic logo. Our results also supported the notion that consumers are willing to support small family farms. , Oxford University Press.
A multi-radar wireless system for respiratory gating and accurate tumor tracking in lung cancer radiotherapy

Respiratory gating and tumor tracking are two promising motion-adaptive lung cancer treatments, minimizing incidence and severity of normal tissues and precisely delivering radiation dose to the tumor. Accurate respiration measurement is important in respiratory-gated radiotherapy. Conventional gating techniques are either invasive to the body or bring insufficient accuracy and discomfort to the patients. In this paper, we present an accurate noncontact means of measuring respiration for the use in gated lung cancer radiotherapy. We also present an accurate tumor tracking technique for dynamical beam tracking radiotherapy. Two 2.4 GHz miniature radars were used to monitor the chest wall and abdominal movements simultaneously to get high resolution and enhanced parameter identification. Ray tracing technique was used to investigate the impact of antenna size in clinical practice. It is shown that our multiple radar system can reliably measure respiration signals for respiratory gating and accurate tumor tracking in motion-adaptive lung cancer radiotherapy.
Moderating and Intensifying Factors Influencing Forgiveness by Priests and Lay People

Factors that influence forgiveness were studied in relation to sexual abuse of children by priests. This study used a series of scenarios measuring conceptualization of forgiveness. The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith (Plante and Boccaccini 1997) was used to assess the strength of religious faith. Priests were more forgiving of the abusive priest and of the church than lay Catholics. Higher levels of spirituality were associated with likelihood to forgive. Forgiveness was more likely under moderating factors of one time abuse, apology, reconciliation, and life change, than under their intensifying matches. Results were discussed in terms of conflict resolution.
Robust and fast authentication of session cookies in collaborative and social media using position-indexed hashing

The use of insecure cookies as a means to authenticate web transactions in collaborative and social media websites presents a hazard to users' privacy. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a novel protocol for protecting transmitted cookies using two dimensional one-way hash chains. In the first dimension, there is a hash chain that computes secret values used in the second dimension hash function. Multiple hash chains use the secret values created by the first dimension to authenticate session cookies in the second dimension. For improved security, the hashing operations in the second dimension use a concatenation of the secret values and the position index of the hash function within the hash chain. The performance of the scheme is evaluated using a detailed simulation testbed and an analytical model. The optimal lengths of the chains are derived when the number of transactions in the session is known. The protocol is extended to efficiently handle the case when the number of transactions is not known. The evaluation of the proposed scheme reveals that it achieves tremendous improvement over straightforwardly configured one-way hash chain schemes. Also, by adopting the position-indexed hashing protocol, energy consumption is reduced significantly especially with longer sessions making our protocol ideal for battery operated devices.
Porous high-density polyethylene for orbital reconstruction

Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of using porous high-density polyethylene (PHDPE) in the repair of orbital defects. Design Retrospective case series. Setting Academic tertiary care trauma center. Patients One hundred seventy patients with orbital defects requiring surgical repair. Intervention Orbital defect repair with PHDPE. Main Outcome Measure Our review documents surgical results and complications associated with the use of PHDPE. Results There was a 6.4% complication rate associated with the use of PHDPE. The infection rate was 1.8%. The persistent orbital malposition rate was 3.5%. The extrusion rate was 0%. Conclusions This report represents the largest case series in the literature using PHDPE for orbital reconstructions. The use of PHDPE resulted in a low complication rate and excellent functional and cosmetic reconstructive results. Because of our success with the use of PHDPE, we have changed our clinical practice to minimize the use of autologous graft material, thereby eliminating donor site morbidity in cases involving orbital reconstruction.
Growth temperature influence on nanocrystalline ZnO thin film FET performance

Nanocrystalline ZnO (nc-ZnO) thin film transistors (TFT) are being developed for applications that require much higher performance than TFTs available from other all thin film technologies. Because of their unique closely packed nanocolumnar structures, uniform quality nc-ZnO films can be fabricated over large non-conformal surfaces. Excellent performance characteristics were demonstrated with devices fabricated on GaAs1 and Si2 substrates. Devices with 2µm gate lengths had field effect mobilities in excess of 100 cm2/V.s, drain current on/off ratios of better than 1012, transconductance of 80mS/mm and current densities higher than 400mA/mm. High frequency cut-off frequency values of f T =2.45GHz and f max =7.45GHz were demonstrated with 1.2µm gate length devices.
Centrosome amplification and a defective G2-M cell cycle checkpoint induce genetic instability in BRCA1 exon 11 isoform-deficient cells.

Abstract Germline mutations of the Brca1 tumor suppressor gene predispose women to breast and ovarian cancers. To study mechanisms underlying BRCA1-related tumorigenesis, we derived mouse embryonic fibroblast cells carrying a targeted deletion of exon 11 of the Brca1 gene. We show that the mutant cells maintain an intact G 1 –S cell cycle checkpoint and proliferate poorly. However, a defective G 2 –M checkpoint in these cells is accompanied by extensive chromosomal abnormalities. Mutant fibroblasts contain multiple, functional centrosomes, which lead to unequal chromosome segregation, abnormal nuclear division, and aneuploidy. These data uncover an essential role of BRCA1 in maintaining genetic stability through the regulation of centrosome duplication and the G 2 –M checkpoint and provide a molecular basis for the role of BRCA1 in tumorigenesis.
Localized variational principle for non-Besicovitch metric spaces ☆

Abstract We consider the localized entropy of a point w ∈ R m which is computed by considering only those ( n , e ) -separated sets whose statistical sums with respect to an m -dimensional potential Φ are “close” to a given value w . Previously, a local version of the variational principle was established for systems on non-Besicovitch compact metric spaces. We extend this result to all compact metric spaces.
Effect of hypophysectomy on serum lipids in aminonucleoside nephrosis.

SummaryThe effect of hypophysectomy upon the serum lipids was studied in rats in which nephrosis was produced by the amino-nucleoside of puromycin. Hypophysectomy prevented the usual rise of the serum cholesterol and triglyceride in the nephrotic rats. It is postulated that the hyperlipemia of nephrosis may result from enhanced lipoprotein synthesis in the liver from an effect of pituitary hormones. The hypophysectomized rats with nephrosis had higher blood urea nitrogen values and less proteinuria than did the nonhypophysectomized rats with nephrosis.
A test-vector generation methodology for crosstalk noise faults

This paper presents a new methodology to generate test vectors for crosstalk noise faults in deep sub micron devices. The methodology includes transition activation on aggressor and constant assignment on victim, transition time estimation on aggressor, noise characterization on victim, and propagating the noise to the primary outputs through the best paths. New approaches for transition time estimation and noise activation are proposed based on logic cell characterization already available in design library and solving a satisfiability problem. It is shown that test generation efficiency can be increased up to 18% and test generation time is decreased up to 30%.
Endowment Effects in Contests

We experimentally study overbidding in contests and find that overbidding is significantly higher when subjects are given a large per-experiment endowment rather than when the endowment is given per-period. Risk-aversion and non-monetary utility of winning can partially explain our findings.
Predicting unobserved links in incompletely observed networks

In this paper we consider networks in which the links (edges) are imperfectly observed. This may be a result of sampling, or it may be caused by actors (vertices) who are actively attempting to hide their links (edges). Thus the network is incompletely observed, and we wish to predict which of the possible unobserved links are actually present in the network. To this end, we apply a constrained random dot product graph (CRDPG) to rank the potential edges according to the probability (under the model) that they are in fact present. This model is then extended to utilize covariates measured on the actors, to improve the link prediction. The method is illustrated on a data set of alliances between nations, in which a subset of the links (alliances) is assumed unobserved for the purposes of illustration.
Repair of the Anemia and Hyperlipidemia of the Hypothyroid Dog

Sixteen dogs were made hypothyroid with radioiodine. The hypothyroidism was characterized by a decreased metabolic rate, decreased protein-bound iodine and total thyroxine, and increased serum cholesterol, total lipid and phospholipid. The metabolic rate was restored to normal or supranormal levels with both l-thyroxine and dinitrophenol. The anemia was of the normocytic normochromic variety, with a decreased rate of red cell formation. The total red cell volume returned to normal with l-thyroxine, but was unaffected by DNP, iron, copper, cobalt, pyridoxine, folic acid and vitamin B12 therapy. This study shows that in the hypothyroid dog there can be a dissociation between metabolic rate and erythropoiesis, and that thyroxine may act by some pathway other than by increasing O2 consumption. Thyroxine administration raised the PBI concentration and the free thyroxine level, but these were not changed by DNP therapy. Both l-thyroxine and DNP administration restored the serum cholesterol levels to normal. (En...
Low-Frequency Three-Terminal Charge Pumping Applied to Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors

We report on the application of the charge-pumping (CP) technique to vapor-liquid-solid grown silicon nanowire (SiNW) transistors. We use an Ω gate-nanowire field-effect-transistor (OG-NWFET) structure, and we employ a modified CP method that is applicable to three terminal devices. The trap density from CP measurements correlates very well with the results obtained from subthreshold slope measurements. The relatively high trap densities measured and the observed saturation of the CP signal with the measurement frequency are discussed in terms of device dimensions and geometry.
Hydromechanics of swimming propulsion. part 1. Swimming of a two-dimensional flexible plate at variable forward speeds in an inviscid fluid

The most effective movements of swimming aquatic animals of almost all sizes appear to have the form of a transverse wave progressing along the body from head to tail. The main features of this undulatory mode of propulsion are discussed for the case of large Reynolds number, based on the principle of energy conservation. The general problem of a two-dimensional flexible plate, swimming at arbitrary, unsteady forward speeds, is solved by applying the linearized inviscid flow theory. The large-time asymptotic behaviour of an initial-value harmonic motion shows the decay of the transient terms. For a flexible plate starting with a constant acceleration from at rest, the small-time solution is evaluated and the initial optimum shape is determined for the maximum thrust under conditions of fixed power and negligible body recoil.
The Assault on Tropical Rain Forests

Forests in International Environmental Politics: International Organizations, NGOs, and the Brazilian Amazon by Ans Kolk Shadows in the Forest: Japan and the Politics of Timber in Southeast Asia by Peter Dauvergne.
Glossometric measurements in vowel production and modification

The glossometer is a computer-based optoelectronic instrument developed to measure, display, and guide changes in tongue height and shape during speech. This article describes the anatomical reference system used and current instrumental measurement linearization, calibration, and validity characteristics. Information is also given on day-to-day stability of vowels spoken by the same talker and glossometric patterns that differentiate vowels. Finally, procedures are outlined for using glossometry in modeling and shaping vowel production, and examples are given of improving speech by hearing-impaired talkers.
Association of Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status with Judgments of Body Size The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

The authors assessed the associations of ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) with body size judgments in Black and White young adults. Self-perceived and ideal body size judgments were measured using the Stunkard nine-figure scale (higher value = larger body) at the year 7 examination (1992-1993) of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. In sex-specific adjusted multiple regression models, the difference between self-perceived and ideal body size judgments was larger for Whites than for Blacks: 0.74 vs. 0.57 for White men vs. Black men (p < 0.05) and 1.48 vs. 0.96 for White women vs. Black women (p < 0.0001). This ethnic difference was evident in all body mass index-stratified adjusted models (all p's < 0.05). In ethnicity/sex-specific adjusted models, lower education was associated with a smaller difference between self-perceived and ideal body size for all groups except White women (p's for trend: White women, 0.57; Black women, <0.0001; White men, 0.0007; Black men, 0.016). Judgments of self-perceived body size differed by ethnicity but not by SES, and judgments of ideal body size differed by SES but not by ethnicity. Learning to make medically accurate judgments of healthy body size may increase the motivation to lose weight in some persons.
Assessment of clear and cloudy sky parameterizations for daily downwelling longwave radiation over different land surfaces in Florida, USA

[1] Clear sky downwelling longwave radiation (Rldc) and cloudy sky downwelling longwave radiation (Rld) formulas were tested across eleven sites in Florida. The Brunt equation, using air vapor pressure and temperature measurements, provides the best Rldc estimates with a root mean square error of less than around 12 Wm−2 across all sites. The Crawford and Duchon's cloudiness factor with Brunt equation is recommended for Rld calculations. This combined approach requires no local calibration and estimates Rld with a root mean square error of less than around 13 Wm−2 and squared correlation coefficients that typically exceed 0.9.
Applications of Lyapunov criteria in phase measurements using conformal mapping

DC offsets in sinusoidal voltages affect the phase measurements when the zero crossing method is used. Limitations of the phase shift between /spl plusmn//spl pi//2 set the stability region of the system. Lyapunov criteria are used to examine the system stability based on the Lyapunov theorem. The defined region can be transformed from the complex xy plane to the uv plane where the pulse duration representing the phase is mapped into a positive hyperbolic ellipse where the phase relationship is preserved. The method has been applied to phase-locked loop systems to determine the parameters for stability operation. The method showed that the upper limits of stability and the associated parameters have been qualitatively analyzed in an easy and systematic way.
Nonlinear structural design using multiscale topology optimization. Part I: Static formulation

Abstract We extend the hierarchical multiscale design framework of Nakshatrala et al. (2013) to nonlinear elastodynamics wherein we use topology optimization to design material micro-structures to achieve desired energy propagation in nonlinear elastic material systems subjected to impact loading. As in Part I, a well-posed topology optimization problem is obtained via (a) relaxation to design the macroscale which requires homogenization theory to relate the macroscopic homogenized response to its micro-structure and (b) via restriction to design the microscale to obtain a well-defined micro-structural length scale. It is assumed that the primary wavelengths of interest are much longer than the micro-structural length scale and hence the effective properties are computed using the static homogenization theory. An adjoint sensitivity analysis is performed to compute the derivatives of the objective function with respect to the micro-structural design parameters and a gradient-based optimization algorithm is used to update the design. The numerical implementation of the computationally challenging terminal-value adjoint problems is discussed and a structural design example for tailored energy propagation is provided.
Rumination, Sexual Orientation Uncertainty, and Psychological Distress in Sexual Minority University Students:

This study examined associations between uncertainty about sexual orientation, rumination, and psychological distress in university students. We hypothesized that increased rumination would mediate associations between higher sexual orientation uncertainty and greater psychological distress. Furthermore, we hypothesized that these associations might differ for selfidentified lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) versus heterosexual emerging adults. A sample of 207 university students completed questionnaires assessing sexual orientation uncertainty, rumination, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and aggression. Path analyses indicated that higher sexual orientation uncertainty was associated with greater rumination, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress. Furthermore, rumination mediated associations between sexual orientation uncertainty and all measures of psychological distress across the entire sample. However, multi-group analyses indicated that these associations emerged for LGB participants but not for heterosexuals. Results suggest that rumination may constitute a common but maladaptive coping response for sexual minorities facing sexual
Alkaline treatment of wheat straw for increasing anaerobic biodegradability

Wheat straw was treated with NaOH and anaerobically digested for methane production. Alkaline treatment resulted in a greater than 100% increase in biodegradability of wheat straw. The potential of a process flow scheme employing high alkali concentration at ambient temperature with solids separation and recycle of filtrate containing residual alkali was explored. The effect of NaOH on the solubilization of cell wall constituents and potential problems of toxicity are discussed. A solubilization model was developed which is used to predict biodegradability of whole samples based on solids and filtrate biodegradabilities. Energy requirements and chemical costs are also addressed.
Estimation of Cardiac Output from Precordial Dilution Curves in Patients with Cardiopulmonary Disease

Comparison of flow rates measured from precordial dilution curves, simultaneous direct arterial dilution curves, and nearly simultaneous Fick determinations in 29 patients failed to indicate any difference in precision. Successive precordial determinations of flow rate were adequately reproducible. It is concluded that the precordial dilution method gives flow values comparable to those obtained by other, more laborious methods.
Ergonomics Lab Experiments for Industrial Engineering Sophomores

A sophomore-level course in ergonomics (IE 274, Ergonomics in Work System Design, 2 semester hours) is the only course in ergonomics required by undergraduate industrial engineering students at Iowa State University. Providing a set of meaningful, two-hour laboratory experiences for sections of 20 to 25 students in a room also used for other course laboratory work in the same day has proven to be a challenging educational project. Laboratory exercises developed and used so far are described along with plans for future developments and implications for the potential expanding role of ergonomics in industrial engineering education.
The Vibrating String

The subject of this text is music and color. Music is produced by musical instruments, some occurring naturally – such as the songs of birds – and others produced by man-made instruments – such as stringed instruments, wind instruments, and the percussive instruments of drum sets. Color is produced by sources of light such as natural sunlight and by man-made sources such as the floodlights for a stage.
Economic impact potential of solar photovoltaics in Illinois

Abstract Illinois ranks nineteenth among all states in total installed solar PV capacity as of the first quarter in 2014 [17]. The authors' prior work [14] assessed the technical potential of large-scale PV system integration in Illinois by examining hourly demand data supplied by the two transmission organizations (MISO and PJM) in the state. Depending on how technical potential is measured, three different PV system capacity options were suggested by 2025 for Illinois; 2292 MW, 2714 MW and 11,265 MW. In the present study, we seek to examine the jobs and total economic impact of the three technical potentials derived in the previous study. Based upon the Jobs and Economic Development Impact (JEDI) modeling analysis, the employment impacts during the construction period vary from 26,754 to 131,779 job years when implementing the PV system capacity options in Illinois. The employment impacts during the operating years vary from 1223 to 6010 job years. In order to achieve these jobs impacts, Illinois must encourage the development of a robust PV supply chain within the state's borders and enact policies similar to other states that have experienced greater growth.
On the Need for Assistance in HTML5 Web Authoring Systems

HTML5 incorporates semantics, including among others the purpose and intention of the web author, as an integral part of the language and specification. The goal is to allow more sophisticated browsers to render the content in ways that are appropriate for both the platform and the abilities of the user, thereby achieving universal access. However, achieving that goal depends on web authors using the elements and attributes correctly. We illustrate why this will be difficult for most web authors. We propose that web editors be enhanced to provide guidance to web authors in the correct and proper usage of the HTML5 features and give some examples of how this might work.
Gluteal Augmentation With Liquid Silicone of Unknown Purity Causes Granulomas in an Adult Female: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background:A 39-year-old woman presented with a history of relapsing painful erythema and progressive fibrosis of the lower back. Upon questioning, the patient admitted to receiving liquid silicone (LS) injections for gluteal augmentation abroad and was diagnosed with silicone migration, granulomatous reaction, and fibrosis of the lower back.Objective:To review the history of LS injections for cosmetic soft tissue augmentation (STA) as well as its complications and potential treatments.Methods:The author reviewed articles that involved the use of LS for STA and summarized their findings.Results:The author summarizes the various treatments that have been described for inflammatory reactions following LS injection.Conclusion:The growth of cosmetic medical tourism and its inherent lack of after-care as well as patients’ ability to obtain restricted products at home raise the likelihood of encountering granulomatous or fibrotic reactions to fillers during consultations. Physicians should have a structured app...
Gesture: Visible Action as Utterance: Gesture and referential meaning

In the previous chapter, using a single example as an illustration, we noted at least four different ways in which representational gestures collaborated with the verbal component of an utterance to contribute to its referential meaning. We saw how M used a gesture as an object of deictic reference for a verbal expression, how he used gestures to contribute information about the spatial orientation, spatial relationships or relative spatial positioning of objects referred to and how he used a gesture to provide greater specificity to the meaning of a verb phrase. There were also examples in which he used a gesture that seemed to have a meaning that was the same as the concurrent verbal expression. In these cases, we suggested, the gesture may have contributed to how the recipient experienced the utterance, allowing it to be apprehended in a more enriched, vivid and evocative way than it would have been without the gesture. In this chapter further examples are offered to illustrate the different kinds of contributions that gesture can make to referential meaning, including those already noted in the last chapter. Six different kinds of contributions are distinguished. Each will be discussed and illustrated in turn. (1)There are gestures which have a ‘'narrow gloss’ which are used in parallel with those words or phrases that are often said to be equivalent to them. In such cases it is as if the speaker is simultaneously uttering in gesture the very same thing that is being uttered in words.
Colorblindness in Black and White: An Analysis of Core Tenets, Configurations, and Complexities

The concept of colorblind racism has been developed in recent years to explain racial attitudes held by white Americans in the post–civil rights era. The authors use data from a new nationally repr...
The Automation of the Born Inversion for Ultrasonic Flaw Sizing

The Born approximation has been widely employed as a basis for determining flaw sizes using individual pulse-echo waveforms together with the assumption of an ellipsoidal flaw geometry. A major difficulty in implementing such algorithms has been the determination of the time delay corresponding to the flaw centroid. However, both the time delay calculation and the flaw size determination itself can be performed in an optimal fashion using statistical estimation techniques with an appropriate error model. We will discuss the application of these techniques to an automated flaw-sizing algorithm requiring a minimum of operator input, and will compare the results obtained by this method with those obtained by previous operator-intensive methods.
The Role of the Narratee in the Production of Meaning from Textual Discourse: The Example of Mariama Bâ’s So Long a Letter

(2006). The Role of the Narratee in the Production of Meaning from Textual Discourse: The Example of Mariama Bâ’s So Long a Letter. Journal of the African Literature Association: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 76-87.
Response to Intervention (RtI) in the Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Domains: Current Challenges and Emerging Possibilities.

As many schools move toward a three-tier model that incorporates a Response to Intervention (RtI) service delivery model in the social, emotional, and behavioral domains, school psychologists may provide leadership. The decision-making process for filtering students through multiple tiers of support and intervention and examining change is an area where school psychologists are encouraged to apply their expertise regarding assessment and evidence-based interventions. This paper describes an implementation of behavioral and social-emotional RtI in an elementary school setting. Issues and challenges related to measurement of change (i.e., responsiveness to intervention) and identification of students for additional supports as well as emerging possibilities of incorporating qualitative information in the process are discussed.
Networking in a Field of Introverts: The Egonets, Networking Practices, and Networking Technologies of Technical Communication Entrepreneurs

Research problem: Although labor statistics document a steady rise in contract, contingent, and entrepreneurial labor, knowledge about the professional communication practices that build and sustain independent careers in the field of technical communication (TC) largely emerges from broad survey analysis, cultural/social critiques, or individual anecdotes. From these statistics and stories, we already know that independent technical communicators face challenges ranging from legal issues to establishing marketing visibility when they start and maintain businesses. Drawing on thick qualitative description from semistructured interviews, this article responds to the need for more systematic research tracing the networking practices, technologies, and relationships that enable entrepreneurial work. Research question: How do established individual entrepreneurs in TC describe the social relationships, networking practices, and networking technologies that shape their careers over time? Literature review: This project extends prior research at the intersections of entrepreneurship, technical communication, and social networks. Entrepreneurial studies research indicates that strong social ties and embeddedness influence venture performance; however, systematic scholarship on the networks or networking practices of independent or entrepreneurial technical communication practice has been limited. Methodology : The project used semistructured interviews to analyze the professional communication practices of eight technical communicators with considerable experience working independently as consultants or small-business owners. We used an online search to identify experienced entrepreneurs in the interdisciplinary field of technical communication. After recruiting participants via email, we conducted semistructured interviews to gather employment narratives, while prompting participants to share information about career-relevant ties, networking practices, and networking technologies. We then analyzed data through two iterative qualitative coding passes. Results and conclusions: Our participants, made up of experienced TC entrepreneurs, have used networking over at least two decades to advance personal business outcomes and evolve technical communication as a field and profession. Findings detail how networking is central to professional social knowledge construction, as TC entrepreneurs establish transactional contact with others, practice learning, and enact exponential reputation-building that addresses the isolation of working outside traditional organizations. Since this is a qualitative study based on self-report, the results are not generalizable but provide a foundation for future larger-scale research building from these qualitative themes.
Incompatibility between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes during oogenesis results in ovarian failure and embryonic lethality

Mitochondrial dysfunction can cause female infertility. An important remaining question is the extent to which incompatibility between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes contributes to female infertility. It was previously shown that a mitochondrial haplotype from D. simulans (simw 501 ) is incompatible with a nuclear genome from the D. melanogaster strain Oregon-R (OreR) , resulting in impaired development, which was enhanced at higher temperature. This mito-nuclear incompatibility is between alleles of the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial tyrosyl- tRNA synthetase (Aatm) and the mitochondrial-encoded tyrosyl-tRNA that it aminoacylates. Here, we show that this mito-nuclear incompatibility causes a severe temperature-sensitive female infertility. The OreR nuclear genome contributed to death of ovarian germline stem cells and reduced egg production, which was further enhanced by the incompatibility with simw 501 mitochondria. Mito-nuclear incompatibility also resulted in aberrant egg morphology and a maternal-effect on embryonic chromosome segregation and survival, which was completely dependent on the temperature and mito-nuclear genotype of the mother. Our findings show that maternal mito-nuclear incompatibility during Drosophila oogenesis has severe consequences for egg production and embryonic survival, with important broader relevance to human female infertility and mitochondrial replacement therapy.
Using Morphological Knowledge in Open-Vocabulary Neural Language Models

Languages with productive morphology pose problems for language models that generate words from a fixed vocabulary. Although character-based models allow any possible word type to be generated, they are linguistically naive: they must discover that words exist and are delimited by spaces—basic linguistic facts that are built in to the structure of word-based models. We introduce an open-vocabulary language model that incorporates more sophisticated linguistic knowledge by predicting words using a mixture of three generative processes: (1) by generating words as a sequence of characters, (2) by directly generating full word forms, and (3) by generating words as a sequence of morphemes that are combined using a hand-written morphological analyzer. Experiments on Finnish, Turkish, and Russian show that our model outperforms character sequence models and other strong baselines on intrinsic and extrinsic measures. Furthermore, we show that our model learns to exploit morphological knowledge encoded in the analyzer, and, as a byproduct, it can perform effective unsupervised morphological disambiguation.
Experience with Predicate Abstraction

This reports some experiences with a recently-implemented prototype system for verification using predicate abstraction, based on the method of Graf and Saidi [9]. Systems are described using a language of iterated guarded commands, called MurΦ-- (since it is a simplified version of our MurΦ protocol description language). The system makes use of two libraries: SVC [1] (an efficient decision procedure for quantifier-free first-order logic) and the CMU BDD library. The use of these libraries increases the scope of problems that can be handled by predicate abstraction through increased efficiency, especially in SVC, which is typically called thousands of times. The verification system also provides limited support for quantifiers in formulas. The system has been applied successfully to two nontrivial examples: the Flash multiprocessor cache coherence protocol, and a concurrent garbage collection algorithm. Verification of the garbage collector algorithm required proving properties simple of graphs, which was also done using predicate abstraction.
Vitamin D in Pregnancy and Lactation: A New Paradigm

While much has been written about the importance of vitamin D during the lifespan, its greatest impact appears to be during pregnancy and lactation, affecting not only the mother but her growing fetus and, later, growing infant. Controversy surrounds the daily requirement for vitamin D and what constitutes sufficiency during these critical periods. A growing body of literature supports the importance of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy to achieve a total circulating 25(OH)D concentration of at least 40 ng/mL, the point at which the conversion of 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH)2D is optimized. This level is associated with a lower risk of comorbidities of pregnancy and better outcomes. During lactation, a maternal daily dose of 6000 IU vitamin D/d is effective and safe at elevating milk vitamin D delivery to the recipient infant in such a manner that those infants do not require an additional vitamin D supplement. These infants also achieve a comparable total circulating 25(OH)D concentration compared to infants supplemented with 400 IU/day. Further, past data suggesting that vitamin D is a teratogenic compound are not well supported in the extant literature. To the contrary, significant amounts of vitamin D are required during pregnancy to protect the mother and fetus and impart genomic imprinting on the fetus to ensure long-term health. With enhanced knowledge about vitamin D’s role as a preprohormone, it is clear that recommendations for supplementation should mirror what is clinically relevant and evidence-based.
Identification of urinary tract infections using electronic health record data

Background Population ascertainment of postoperative urinary tract infections (UTIs) is time-consuming and expensive, as it often requires manual chart review. Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program UTI status of patients who underwent an operation at the University of Colorado Hospital, we sought to develop an algorithm for identifying UTIs using data from the electronic health record. Methods Data were split into training (operations occurring between 2013-2015) and test (operations in 2016) sets. A binomial generalized linear model with an elastic-net penalty was used to fit the model and carry out variables selection. International classification of disease codes, common procedural terminology codes, antibiotics, catheterization, and common procedural terminology-specific UTI event rates were included as predictors. The Youden's J statistic was used to determine the optimal classification threshold. Results Of 6,840 patients, 134 (2.0%) had a UTI. The model achieved 92% specificity, 80% sensitivity, 100% negative predictive value, 16% positive predictive value, and an area under the curve of 0.94 using a decision threshold of 0.03. Conclusions A model with 14 predictors from the electronic health record identifies UTIs well, and it could be used to scale up UTI surveillance or to estimate the impact of large-scale interventions on UTI rates.
Reactions of alkali metal derivatives of metal carbonyls

Abstract The reaction of 1,2-dibromobenzocyclobutene with NaFe(CO) 2 C 5 H 5 in tetrahydrofuran solution gives the deep yellow bimetallic derivatives C 8 H 6 Fe(CO) 2 -C 5 H 5 ] 2 . The proton NMR spectrum and the lack of reactivity towards dienophiles such as tetracyanoethylene show C 8 H 6 [Fe(CO) 2 C 5 H 5 ] 2 to be a benzocyclobutene rather than an o -xylylene derivatives. This indicates that 1,2-dibromobenzocyclobutene, unlike 3,4-dichlorocyclobutene, does not undergo opening of the cyclobutene ring upon reaction with NaFe(CO) 2 C 5 H 5 .
Frameworks of Causal Inference for Improving Intervention, Prediction, and Imagination in Family Violence Research: a Commentary on Rose (2018)

The purpose of this commentary on Rose (2018) is to address several important reasons why credible causal frameworks are critical to the success of family violence research. The commentary addresses three topics: intervention, prediction, and imagination. These three areas provide justification for why an improvement in causal inference will also yield greater research impact.
Preclinical testing of ultra-rapid FLASH total abdominal irradiation demonstrates survival benefit and decreased gastrointestinal toxicity compared to conventional external beam radiation.

3092Background: Total abdominal irradiation (TAI) is not widely used in the treatment of ovarian cancer due to high abdominopelvic toxicity. Ultra-rapid FLASH irradiation has been shown to spare th...