cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Wireless Transfer of Energy Alongside Information in Wireless Sensor Networks

Despite steady improvements over the last few decades, wireless communication networks are still severely constrained by the availability of an energy source. The problem manifests itself in many applications, in particular, wireless sensor networks enabling a plethora of Internet of Things devices, where communications are infrequent and the nodes are often idle; and also small-scale communication networks, whose nodes need to be minuscule limiting the possibilities to incorporate long-term energy peripherals such as batteries. Such applications can achieve optimal energy efficiency using passive (battery-less) receivers that wirelessly receive energy and information at the same time. In this chapter, we describe a set of techniques, introduced in our past work (Javaheri H Wireless Transfer of Energy Alongside Information: From Wireless Sensor Networks to Bio-Enabled Wireless Networks 2012 [37]), (Javaheri, Noubir, ipoint: A platform-independent passive information kiosk for cell phones 2010 [42]), to simultaneously deliver energy alongside information during wireless communications. We present mechanisms to consolidate energy and information transfer in wireless sensor networks. We introduce iPoint, a communication system including a passively powered wireless receiver capable of establishing two-way communication with a commodity smartphone without any hardware modifications. In contrast to traditional RFID tags, iPoint provides high computation and sensing capabilities and most importantly, it does not require specialized reader device to communicate. We prototype and experimentally evaluate our design that includes optimization techniques to ensure efficient delivery of energy and information and novel communication protocols.
Dynamic User Modeling in the Context of Customer Churn Prediction in Loyalty Program Marketing

Daily human activities are dictated by real-life motivators such as schedules, locations, tastes and expectations. The similarity in the motivators can give rise to similarity in behavior. Thus, similarity in motivators can create a latent group among restaurant goers. In this paper such latent groups are identified and profiles for every latent group of restaurant goers are discovered/generated. User is modeled dynamically and HMM is used for user modeling based of the individual user’s weekly restaurant visit history. The weekly restaurant visit data used in this paper are real industrial data, collected from a collaborating restaurant marketing company which promotes restaurants through offering redeemable gifts. Group profiling of the users can help predicting the possibility of churn of a particular user group or segment of users for user retention purposes.
Nanobiosensing Electronics and Nanochemistry for Biosensor Packaging

The nanobiosensor technology, an integral part of bioelectronics, is revolutionizing the health-care industry, forensic medicine, homeland security, food and drink industries, environmental protection, genome analysis of organisms, and communications. In this chapter, the biosensing electronic building blocks such as biosensing, signal conversion and signal processing, and biosensing mechanisms have been described. The use of smart nanomaterials such as zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in fabrication of biosensors has been described. A critical account on biological probe design, probe preparation, and interfacing with signal transducer element of the biosensor is given. Various transducer elements and biosensing methods have been enumerated. The application of nanochemistry for biosensing packaging, with special reference to surface modification and biofunctionalization of sensor devices, and the integration of biosensor system with system on package (SOP) are detailed. Finally, the chapter concludes with future trends in biosensor technologies and a brief summary.
Apps As Learning Tools: A Systematic Review

CONTEXT: Young children have increasing access to interactive applications (apps) at home and at school. Existing research is clear on the potential dangers of overuse of screens, but there is less clarity around the extent to which interactive apps may be helpful in supporting early learning. OBJECTIVE: In this systematic review, we present a narrative synthesis of studies examining whether children DATA SOURCES: The PsycInfo, PubMed, ACM Digital Library, and ERIC databases were searched. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if the study design was randomized or nonrandomized controlled (quasi-experimental), the sample mean age was DATA EXTRACTION: Of 1447 studies, 35 were included. RESULTS: Evidence of a learning benefit of interactive app use for early academic skills was found across multiple studies, particularly for early mathematics learning in typically developing children. Researchers did not find evidence of an intervention effect for apps aiming to improve social communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorder. LIMITATIONS: Risk of bias was unclear for many studies because of inadequate reporting. Studies were highly heterogenous in interventions, outcomes, and study design, making comparisons of results across studies difficult. CONCLUSIONS: There is emerging evidence to suggest that interactive apps may be useful and accessible tools for supporting early academic development. More research is needed to evaluate both the potential of educational apps to support early learning, and their limitations.
The impact of different human IgG capture molecules on the kinetics analysis of antibody-antigen interaction.

Abstract Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a well-established method to characterize biomolecular interactions and is widely used in drug discovery and development. Here, we demonstrate that capture surfaces profoundly impact the binding kinetics parameters that are measured for antibody-antigen interactions. Six unique antibody-antigen interactions were characterized using eight different anti-human IgG capture surfaces. The antigen binding affinities for six different human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs) captured using three different goat anti-human Fc (AHC) polyclonal antibody (pAb) surfaces were in reasonable agreement (3-7-fold weaker) with those measured by kinetic exclusion assay (KinExA). In contrast, up to 81, 32, 489, 2826, and 219-fold weaker antigen binding affinities were measured using mouse AHC mAb, Protein G, Protein A, Protein A/G, and Protein L surfaces, respectively. Protein A, Protein A/G and Protein G interacted with the Fab of hmAbs, possibly affecting antigen binding to hmAbs captured over these surfaces. Additional studies revealed that mouse AHC mAb binds hmAbs with a weak affinity (5.5–36.3 nM) and t½ values of 1.4–3.3min, compared to the sub-nanomolar affinities of the goat AHC pAbs. These results emphasize the value of measuring binding kinetics of the capture molecule before immobilizing them onto the sensor surface to perform capture kinetics assays on label-free biosensors.
Allotting Inequity: Evaluating North Carolina’s Classroom Teacher Funding

While many state-level finance equity studies examine the effectiveness of state funding mechanisms overall, fewer examine specific components that make up these mechanisms. This research uses stat...
A Novel Thyroid Ultrasound Proficiency Metric Designed Through a Multidisciplinary Delphi Approach.

BACKGROUND Thyroid ultrasounds extend surgeons' outpatient capabilities and are essential for operative planning. However, most residents are not formally trained in thyroid ultrasound. The purpose of this study was to create a novel thyroid ultrasound proficiency metric through a collaborative Delphi approach. METHODS Clinical faculty experienced in thyroid ultrasound participated on a Delphi panel to design the thyroid Ultrasound Proficiency Scale (UPS-Thyroid). Participants proposed items under the categories of Positioning, Technique, Image Capture, Measurement, and Interpretation. In subsequent rounds, participants voted to retain, revise, or exclude each item. The process continued until all items had greater than 70% consensus for retention. The UPS-Thyroid was pilot tested across 5 surgery residents with moderate ultrasound experience. Learning curves were assessed with cumulative sum. RESULTS Three surgeons and 4 radiologists participated on the Delphi panel. Following 3 iterative Delphi rounds, the panel arrived at >70% consensus to retain 14 items without further revisions or additions. The metric included the following items on a 3-point scale for a maximum of 42 points: Positioning (1 item), Technique (4 items), Image Capture (2 items), Measurement (2 items), and Interpretation (5 items). A pilot group of 5 residents was scored against a proficiency threshold of 36 points. Learning curve inflection points were noted at between 4 to 7 repetitions. CONCLUSIONS A multidisciplinary Delphi approach generated consensus for a thyroid ultrasound proficiency metric (UPS-Thyroid). Among surgery residents with moderate ultrasound experience, basic proficiency at thyroid ultrasound is feasible within 10 repetitions.
Mapping the residency program landscape

Abstract When properly structured, library residencies introduce recently graduated Master of Library and/or Information Science (MLIS) professionals to librarianship, allow recent graduates to apply the knowledge and skills learned during their MLIS studies, and infuse host institutions with new, innovative ideas, including the latest technology and theory being taught in library and information science (LIS) programs. Unfortunately, rather than realizing their potential, residencies are often hampered by miscommunication and a lack of organization that cause real harm to the new resident and the current employees by creating a tense, sometimes even hostile, work environment. This can negate the potential benefits of a residency program, leaving the resident unhappy and disillusioned by the library profession. Understanding the current landscape of residency programs is a necessary first step toward evaluating the efficacy of this form of early career employment in retaining an innovative and engaged next generation of library professionals. Using survey research, this study answered the questions: What are the characteristics of residency programs? How is success measured in residency programs? What are some specific best practices that residency programs are currently implementing? The findings from this survey indicate that there is no one-size-fits-all residency program structure, from the mission and goals of the programs to how a program measures its ultimate success, responses were varied. While there are positive trends, like residencies lasting for at least two years, there is still much work to be done. Notably, most programs still only have one resident per cohort and residency cohorts do not overlap leading residents to feel isolated. While we concede there are likely many concerns (including budgetary) that may make two or more residents per cohort or overlapping cohorts unfeasible, it is an issue that should be addressed because many residents themselves have asked for this change. We also detail several suggestions for building and maintaining buy-in among stakeholders in the residency program, a necessary step toward ensuring each resident feels welcome in an institution and is ultimately successful. It is our hope that this research provides residency program coordinators with a roadmap to follow when planning or re-evaluating their residencies.
Trusted Video Streaming on Edge Devices

The ubiquitous operation of mobile and embedded devices has given an impetus to the development of sensing systems. Most applications on edge devices rely heavily on sensor inputs. Surveillance devices and autonomous vehicles often require high-frequency video sensor data for security provisions and decision making. Malicious applications on an edge device can re-architect video frames via attacks such as noise-addition and blurring. This augments the need for a chain of trust to be established from the data capture to its delivery such that target applications can establish sensor data authenticity and fidelity. The key contribution of this paper is securing high frequency video streams using memory and compute constrained hardware security extensions in real-time by tuning memory and compute intensive computer vision algorithms through domain specific optimizations. We put forth the consequent challenges and constraints of applying complex image processing at the edge devices while utilizing a limited secure hardware storage. The preliminary evaluation is performed on an off-the-shelf embedded device to outline the credibility of our proposed framework.
Biological and Biomechanical Adaptation of Young and Aging Tendons to Exercise

Tendons are a cord of connective tissues that are subjected to large mechanical loads. As live structures, they are responsive to loads by undergoing structural, cellular, and molecular changes. Under normal physiologic loading, tendons enhance their mechanical strength, but when excessive mechanical loading is repeatedly placed on the tendons, they undergo chronic injuries, or tendinopathies, which are manifested by tendon inflammation and tendon degeneration. Moreover, aging causes tendon degeneration and reduces its mechanical strength and, as a result, predisposes aging tendons to injury. On the other hand, exercise is known to enhance the mechanical strength of tendons. This chapter aims to provide a concise review of understanding of the various effects of exercise on tendons at the structural, cellular, and molecular levels. Future research directions and use of exercise as rehabilitation regimens for improving tendon structure and function are also suggested.
Modular biocatalysis for polyamines

Polyamines are a growing class of medically and agriculturally active biomolecules that have traditionally been difficult to source. Now, a bio-based platform for high-level production of diverse polyamines has been realized, showing the versatility of biocatalysis and the utility of conceptualizing metabolism as distinct modules.
Studying the History of Tumor Evolution from Single-Cell Sequencing Data by Exploring the Space of Binary Matrices

Single-cell sequencing (SCS) data have great potential in reconstructing the evolutionary history of tumors. Rapid advances in SCS technology in the past decade were followed by the design of vario...
Exact solution approaches for integer linear generalized maximum multiplicative programs through the lens of multi-objective optimization

Abstract We study a class of single-objective non-linear optimization problems, the so-called Integer Linear Generalized Maximum Multiplicative Programs (IL-GMMP). This class of optimization problems has a significant number of applications in different fields of study including but not limited to game theory, systems reliability, and conservation planning. An IL-GMMP can be reformulated as a mixed integer Second-Order Cone Program (SOCP) and therefore, can be solved effectively by commercial solvers such as IBM ILOG CPLEX, Gurobi, and FICO Xpress. In this study, we show that IL-GMMPs can be viewed as special cases of the problem of optimization over the efficient (or Pareto-optimal) set in multi-objective integer linear programming. Based on this observation, we develop three exact solution approaches with a desirable property: they only solve a finite number of single-objective integer linear programs to compute an optimal solution of an IL-GMMP (which is nonlinear). Through an extensive computational study with 57600 experiments, we compare the performance of all three algorithms using the three main commercial single-objective integer linear programming solvers in the market: CPLEX, Gurobi, and Xpress. We also compare the performance of our algorithms using the mixed integer SOCP solvers of CPLEX, Gurobi, and Xpress. The results show that the choice of a commercial solver impacts the solution time dramatically and that, by the right choice of solver, one of our proposed algorithms is significantly faster than other methods. We also illustrate that although it is possible to linearize IL-GMMPs, commercial solvers struggle to solve such linearized instances.
Fiber Optic Sensing and Biosensing: New Challenges and Perspectives

The combination of fiber optic devices with nanotechnology permits to realize sensing platforms with remarkable performance. Lossy mode resonance (LMR), a very promising phenomenon, allows detecting analyte concentrations in the femtomolar range with sensational perspectives.
Increasing Rural Special Education Teacher Candidates' Ability to Implement Evidence-Based Practices: A Program Description of the Boise State University TATERS Program:

The Technology Accentuated Teacher Education for Rural Specialists (TATERS) program aimed to: (a) prepare highly qualified special education teachers across a state comprised of more than 70% rural...
Transceiver optimization for multiuser MIMO systems

We consider the uplink of a multiuser system where the transmitters as well as the receiver are equipped with multiple antennas. Each user multiplexes its symbols by a linear precoder through its transmit antennas. We work with the system-wide mean squared error as the performance measure and propose algorithms to find the jointly optimum linear precoders at each transmitter and linear decoders at the receiver. We first work with the case where the number of symbols to be transmitted by each user is given. We then investigate how the symbol rate should be chosen for each user with optimum transmitters and receivers. The convergence analysis of the algorithms is given, and numerical evidence that supports the analysis is presented.
A Meta-Analysis Of Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Leader-Member Exchange

Numerous studies on Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory of leadership have identified various antecedents and consequences of LMX. This study is a meta-analysis (Hunter & Schmidt, 1990) of two variables—organizational citizenship behavior and leader member exchange. The study addresses the following questions: (a) What is the correlation between organizational citizenship behavior and leader-member exchange? (b) What are the effects of moderators such as employee status, supervisory status, tenure, and perceptions outside of the United States?
Point spread functions for particle imaging using inhomogeneous polarization in scanning optical microscopy

Polarization control and analysis continue to be a useful tools for microscopy. We have previously addressed the use of spatially inhomogeneous polarization, specifically azimuthal polarization, in scanning optical microscopy. In this paper we describe new techniques for generating both azimuthally and radially polarized cylindrical-vector beams, investigate high numerical aperture focusing, compare the theoretical and experimental point spread functions for small particle imaging, and explore the use of these beams with microscopy.
Origin of the Peaked Structure in the Conductance of One-Dimensional Silicon Accumulation Layers

We have made extensive studies of the temperature, gate voltage, and electric field dependences of the conductance peaks in small silicon inversion layers in order to distinguish between resonant-tunneling models and a hopping model. We find that many of the peaks are consistent only with a hopping model, whereas some could be consistent with an early resonant-tunneling model. None of our structure is consistent with resonant tunneling if the recent formulation of Stone and Lee is correct.
Immunocytochemical and autoradiographic localization of GABA system in the vertebrate retina

The localization of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons in the goldfish and the rabbit retina has been studied by immunocytochemical localization of the GABA-synthesizing enzyme L-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD, L-glutamate 1-carboxy-lase, EC 4.1.1.15) and by [3H] GABA uptake autoradiography. In the goldfish retina, GAD is localized in some horizontal cells (H1 type), a few amacrine cells and sublamina b of the inner plexiform layer. Results from immunocytochemical studies of GAD-containing neurons and autoradiographic studies of GABA uptake reveals a marked similarity in the labeling pattern suggesting that in goldfish retina, the neurons which possess a high-affinity system for GABA uptake also contain significant levels of GAD. In the rabbit retina, when Triton X-100 was included in immunocytochemical incubations with a modified protein A-peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, reaction product was found in four broad, evenly spaced laminae within the inner plexiform layer. In the absence of the detergent, these laminae were seen to be composed of small, punctate deposits. When colchicine was injected intravitreally before glutamate decarboxylase staining, cell bodies with the characteristic shape and location of amacrine cells were found to be immunochemically labeled. Electron microscopic examination showed that these processes were presynaptic to ganglion cell dendrites (infrequently), amacrine cell telodendrons, and bipolar cell terminals. Often, bipolar cell terminals were found which were densely innervated by several GAD-positive processes. No definite synapses were observed in which a GAD-positive process represented the postsynaptic element. In autoradiographic studies by intravitreal injection of [3H] GABA a diffuse labeling of the inner plexiform layer and a dense labeling of certain amacrine cell bodies in the inner nuclear layer was observed. Both immunocytochemical and autoradiographic results support the notion that certain, if not all, amacrine cells use GABA as their neurotransmitter.
Multiple-Access Considerations--A Satellite Example

Increased air traffic coupled with the proliferation of sophisticated avionics can be expected to stimulate increased demand for air traffic control (ATC) services over the next few decades. New challenges for the design of communication, surveillance, and navigation subsystems is an anticipated consequence. Since it is unlikely that significantly larger frequency bands will become available, it will be necessary to exploit more efficient multiple-access techniques. The design of a multiple-access technique for a particular application will depend on a broad range of system issues. A predetermined procedure based on general characteristics of the various techniques will have but limited value. An example of an ATC satellite surveillance system is used to illustrate some of the broad ranging systems issues that can be expected to influence the selection of the multiple access technique.
Slow beats in the NQR echo envelope of solid N2

Abstract Slow beats in the spin-echo enveiope from 14 N( I =1) in solid α-N 2 are reported. This modulation, observed from rapidly frozen sample in zero-field, is identified as the intramolecular dipolar interaction previously found in the continuous wave from carefully annealed samples.
Reactivity of dithioacetic acid toward vanadocene: Crystal structure of the [(η5-C5H5)4V4(μ3-S)4] cluster

Abstract The reaction between vanadocene and dithioacetic acid gave the novel product [(η5-C5H5)4V4(μ3-S)4]. The single-crystal X-ray structure of this low-valent vanadium cluster has been determined. The crystallographic data are: monoclinic space group C2/c, a = 17.764(5), b = 8.119(2), c = 16.158(2) A, β = 116.65(2)°, V = 2083(2) A3, Z = 4. Refinement, using a data-to-parameter ratio of 12.0, converged with an unweighted discrepancy index of 4.99%. The molecule is located on a crystallographic two-fold rotation axis and consists of a central tetrahedron of vanadium atoms, each face of which is capped by a sulphur atom with vanadium-sulphur distances of 2.296(1) A. There is a cyclopentadienyl ring coordinated to each vanadium atom with vanadium-carbon distances ranging from 2.281(9) to 2.319(7) A. The vanadium-vanadium distance in [V4(μ3-S)4(η5C5H5)4] is 2.876(11) A and corresponds to a metal-metal bond order of 2/3. The cluster is paramagnetic; μeff = 2.65 μB·
Introduction and Commentary on the Psychiatry Milestones

Objective The Psychiatry Milestones are a major change in the accreditation of residency training and evaluation of residents and programs. This introduction provides an overview of the papers in this issue describing the Psychiatry Milestones and a commentary on the process of their development.
Mentoring Women in Organizations: Practice in Search of Theory:

Does mentoring really increase an individual's or an organization's capacity to develop? In response to proponents who assume that mentonng is automatically helpful to women, this research argues that deficiencies in the literature keep us from informing and improving the practice of mentorship, particularly for women. In juxtaposing what we know about mentoring women in the work-place with what we do not know, this article suggests the theoretical implications of mentoring and the related areas of inquiry that we should explore. I note that we need certain kinds of inquiry to increase our understanding of how mentoring enhances the individual's and organization's capacity to change and develop and urge scholars and practitioners to work together in developing and testing mentoring theory to answer these questions. Doing so will advance our knowledge of how mentoring helps individuals, particularly women, and organizations reach development goals.
Temperature measurement in laser heated diamond anvil cells

Abstract A Q-switched YAG laser is used for very short-duration (200 ns) local (10 μm) heating of samples under pressure in a diamond anvil cell. At the present time, temperatures greater than 4000°C can be achieved at pressures up to several hundred kilobars. Optical and electron microscopes are used to examine quenched samples. Several criteria for melting have been developed, including formation of spherules where irregular particles of sample originally existed, holes in thin foils, breaks in fine filaments of sample, and development of polycrystalline material from single crystals. Our method of temperature measurement is based on the quasi-black-body spectrum of the incandescent light given off by the laser-heated sample. The incandescent light is analyzed by a grating spectrometer and recorded by means of a photodiode array capable of picking up an entire spectrum using a single pulse of 200 ns duration. The spectra are stored on disk. Temperature will be determined by fitting the spectra to black-body curves. Pressure is measured by the ruby fluorescence method.
The electrophoretic analysis of flour from several varieties of hard red winter wheat grown at several locations

Electrophoretic analyses were made on acetic acid-extracts of flour milled from five varieties of Hard Red Winter wheat grown at six locations. The electrophoretic experiments were performed in phosphate buffer, pH 3-0, Γ/2 0-05. Differences were found in the distribution of the protein components and the protein content for locations of growth as well as for varieties. This also applies to the amount of protein extractable by acetic acid and that remaining after dialysis. The long-mixing flours had less glutenin-gliadin than the short-mixing flours. The better-quality flours (which also required longer mixing) also contained more of the salt-soluble proteins.
Terahertz Time-Lapse Imaging of Hydration in Physiological Tissues

This study describes terahertz (THz) imaging of hydration changes in physiological tissues with high water concentration sensitivity. A fast-scanning, pulsed THz imaging system (centered at 525 GHz; 125 GHz bandwidth) was utilized to acquire a 35 mm x 35 mm field-of-view with 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm pixels in less than two minutes. THz time-lapsed images were taken on three sample systems: (1) a simple binary system of water evaporating from a polypropylene towel, (2) the accumulation of fluid at the site of a sulfuric acid burn on ex vivo porcine skin, and (3) the evaporative dehydration of an ex vivo porcine cornea. The diffusion-regulating behavior of corneal tissue is elucidated, and the correlation of THz reflectivity with tissue hydration is measured using THz spectroscopy on four ex vivo corneas. We conclude that THz imaging can discern small differences in the distribution of water in physiological tissues and is a good candidate for burn and corneal imaging.
Cognitive Models of Design Ideation

The objective of this paper is to present a series of proposed cognitive models for specific components of design ideation. Each model attempts to explain specific cognitive processes occurring during ideation. Every model presented here is constructed with elements (i.e. cognitive processes) and theories available from cognitive psychology, human problem solving, mental imagery, and visual thinking. Every model in turn is an element of a higher-level cognitive model of design ideation. These models provide a better understanding of the components involved during ideation and their relationships.Copyright © 2007 by ASME
Recognizing the Centrality of Emotion in Diversity Courses: Commentary on Gender in the Management Education Classroom

This commentary adds to the analysis and recommendations presented in “Gender in the Management Education Classroom” concerning a very challenging incident focused on powerful gender/diversity dynamics. It discusses the centrality of emotion in students’ experiences of diversity discussions and calls for teachers to explicitly help students develop the capacity to interact in emotional situations about challenging intercultural issues with people from other identity groups. Developing such a capacity includes both intrapersonal and interpersonal components. A key intrapersonal piece is students’ looking at themselves, particularly their cultural identities, and how those identities can be threatened during diversity discussions. Interpersonal skills for dealing with such moments include adopting a learning stance, advocacy and inquiry, and investigating deeply how the other person constructs reality. Teachers’ own emotions are also an important element of the diversity classroom, because of both their pot...
Geographic variations in intensity of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceanic eddy fields

Abstract The geographic variations in the oceanic baroclinic eddy field intensity, as indicated by the structure function of the dynamic height across the thermocline after seasonal and large scale trends are removed, is examined using historical data from the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. An inverse relationship between eddy field intensity and distance from the western boundary current is found in each region, confirming that the western boundary currents are major energy sources for baroclinic eddies in mid-ocean regions. Eddy energy is largely confined to the northern and western areas of the North Atlantic and North Pacific sub-tropical gyres, with significantly reduced energy levels both in the eastern areas and north of the Sub-Arctic Frontal Region. Dominant eddy field length scales of energy variability consistent in magnitude with those of more recently observed eddies also are confirmed for the North Pacific. Spatial statistics similarly computed from selected Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE-I) hydrographic data are consistent with those determined from the historical data. The statistical characteristics of the structure function are evaluated empirically to estimate the confidence levels of the historical data statistics.
Glucosamine‐induced insulin resistance is coupled to O‐linked glycosylation of Munc18c

Evidence suggests that glucosamine inhibits distal components regulating insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane. Here we assessed whether key membrane docking and fusion events were targeted. Consistent with a plasma membrane-localized effect, 3T3-L1 adipocytes exposed to glucosamine displayed an increase in cell-surface O-linked glycosylation and a simultaneously impaired mobilization of GLUT4 by insulin. Analysis of syntaxin 4 and SNAP23, plasma membrane-localized target receptor proteins (t-SNAREs) for the GLUT4 vesicle, showed that they were not cell-surface targets of O-linked glycosylation. However, the syntaxin 4 binding protein, Munc18c, was targeted by O-linked glycosylation. This occurred concomitantly with a block in insulin-stimulated association of syntaxin 4 with its cognate GLUT4 vesicle receptor protein (v-SNARE), VAMP2. In conclusion, our data suggest that the mechanism by which glucosamine inhibits insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation involves modification of Munc18c.
Feedback control of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretion by testosterone and estradiol in men: physiologic and clinical implications

Major advances in understanding of the physiology of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis have been made over the past few years. Knowledge of these principles has allowed development of rational clinical approaches to diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders in men. Newer strategies utilizing analogs of natural hormones such as GnRH may allow reversible inhibition of reproductive function.
Margaret Atwood's the Handmaid's tale: False borders and subtle subversions

(1995). Margaret Atwood's the Handmaid's tale: False borders and subtle subversions. Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory: Vol. 6, Margaret Atwood, pp. 257-268.
Public-key based access control in sensornet

Symmetric cryptography has been mostly used in security schemes in sensor networks due to the concern that public key cryptography (PKC) is too expensive for sensor devices. While these schemes are efficient in processing time, they generally require complicated key management, which may introduce high memory and communication overhead. On the contrary, PKC-based schemes have simple and clean key management, but cost more computational time. The recent progress in PKC implementation, specially elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), on sensors motivates us to design a PKC-based security scheme and compare its performance with the symmetric-key counterparts. This paper proposes a practical PKC-based access control for sensor networks, which consists of pairwise key establishment, local access control, and remote access control. We have implemented both cryptographic primitives on commercial off-the-shelf sensor devices. Building the user access control as a case study, we show that PKC-based protocol is more advantageous than those built on symmetric cryptography in terms of the memory usage, message complexity, and security resilience. Meanwhile, our work also provides insights in integrating and designing PKC-based security protocols for sensor networks.
Detecting Winnifred Eaton

In her recent introduction to Winnifred Eaton’s Marion: The Story of an Artist’s Model (1916), Karen E. H. Skinazi explores the relationship between racial ambiguity—that of both the anonymous author and the heroines in Marion and its predecessor, Me: A Book of Remembrance (1915)—and the audience’s ability to detect racial coding. “Me’s success,” Skinazi states, “has been predicated on a mystery that allowed each reader the chance to become a literary Sherlock Holmes, cracking the codes of its vault of shocking secrets” (xvii). Later, Skinazi writes that a New York Times reviewer, playing detective, solves Eaton’s racial passing utilizing the science of detection a la Edgar Allan Poe (xxi-xxii). 1 Skinazi’s allusions to the art of detection, although brief, are astute, leading to this essay’s rereading of Eaton’s legacy through the lens of detection and the anxieties produced by its failures, especially the threat of racial passing. It is no coincidence that Eaton published her fiction at a time when both classic detective fiction and African American passing tales were at the peak of their popularity. Few critics have examined Eaton’s role in the detective genre. 2 This essay responds to this oversight by arguing that Eaton’s reliance on a trope of racial and ethnic passing, both in her choice of pseudonym and in her Japanese romances, cannot be fully appreciated without situating her within the context of the panic about detecting passing that swept America during the first quarter of the twentieth century. The unique lens of detective fiction allows us further to conceptualize Eaton’s role as a founding figure of Asian American fiction. This essay also highlights Eaton’s familiarity with rules of genre, particularly detective fiction and African American passing narratives, and her participation in the construction of racial epistemologies that were then being codified by law and perpetuated by scientific racism. Finally, Eaton’s practice and promotion of undetection, the tension between detection and revelation and knowing and telling, reveals her participation in and resistance to the detective genre itself. This reading re-envisions Eaton’s legacy to Asian American Studies via Xiaojing Zhou’s call for resistance to and transformation of traditional hegemonic
Introduction to the Special Section from Recent Association of Psychologists in Academic Health Centers (APAHC) Programs

The Association of Psychologists in Academic Health Centers (APAHC) offers programming at the annual American Psychological Association (APA) conventions as well as periodic APAHC conferences. Participants from academic health centers across the country convened in St. Louis, Missouri, October 15–17, 2009, for the 4th National Conference of the Association of Psychologists in Academic Health Centers (APAHC). The title of the conference was ‘‘Psychologists in Academic Health Centers: Facing Tomorrow’s Challenges to AHC Programs and Careers.’’ Efforts were made to include topics relevant to academic health center (AHC) practice including the unique challenges of working in AHCs and issues pertinent to the different stages of AHC careers. To facilitate networking, opportunities for discussion among conferees and presenters with shared interests and concerns were provided throughout the conference. This paper introduces the special section of JCPMS dedicated to the conference and provides a brief overview of its development and organization. Articles selected for inclusion represent a sampling of the four conference themes: (1) challenges to AHC programs, (2) staying current in critical clinical areas, (3) professional issues and challenges, and (4) challenges to developing careers. Post-conference evaluation data are presented as evidence of the need for further conferences with similar foci. The programming offered by APAHC at the APA convention in San Diego in 2010 built on the themes offered at the 2009 APAHC conference.
Intercultural and Transcultural Literacy in Contemporary Africa

Abstract This paper argues that the challenge of intercultural communication has often been overlooked in discussions of indigenous language literacy in Africa. The omission continues despite the fact that literacy practices in Africa have often served as a means of intercultural communication, especially among highly educated Africans. Proposals for the adoption of indigenous language literacy are not likely to succeed unless a policy is developed that deals with the problematic of intercultural communication. For maximum effectiveness, indigenous language literacy practices in Africa will have to involve a balance between vernacular, transcultural and intercultural literacy. This paper offers definitions for both intercultural literacy and transcultural literacy. It agues that exclusive vernacular literacy coupled with translation between vernacular languages will encourage language shift towards more powerful languages. By contrast, a practice of intercultural literacy will blunt the drift towards mono...
Endocrine regulations of ovarian maturation in the cockroach Blaberus discoidalis

Abstract 1. 1. The first gonotrophic cycle of oocyte maturation was defined for virgin Blaberus discoidalis cockroaches. 2. 2.A high correlation was found between growth of the basal oocytes and increased ovarian protein content. 3. 3.Allatectomy blocked ovarian protein formation, whereas JH-III administration compensated for the loss of the corpora allata. 4. 4.Experiments involving neuro-endocrine surgery and hormone replacement therapy indicated that JH, alone, could stimulate ovarian protein formation; however, the addition of neuroendocrine extracts enhanced the JH effects. 5. 5.The data suggest that both JH and neurohormones stimulate aspects of ovarian protein formation in this insect.
Visual exploratory behavior as a function of early handling, sex, and level of auditory prestimulation.

Previous research has indicated that preexposing animals to intense stimulation leads to subsequent decrements in exploratory behavior. The present study was an attempt to determine if early handling could “buffer” animals against intense stimulation effects. At birth, rat pups were assigned to either a handling or a nonhandling condition. As adults, they received either intense, moderate, or no stimulation prior to being allowed 3 min of visual exploration. The predictions were: (1) handled animals will show significantly more exploration than nonhandled animals; (2) intensely stimulated animals will show significantly less exploration than animals receiving lower amounts of stimulation; (3) handled animals, under intense stimulation, will show significantly more exploration than nonhandled animals under intense stimulation. The results supported the 2nd and 3rd predictions. The first prediction was supported, but was complicated by a Sex x Handling interaction.
Interpretation of patient-reported outcomes

A patient-reported outcome is any report on the status of a patient's health condition that comes directly from the patient. Clear and meaningful interpretation of patient-reported outcome scores are fundamental to their use as they can be valuable in designing studies, evaluating interventions, educating consumers, and informing health policy makers involved with regulatory, reimbursement, and advisory agencies. Interpretation of patient-reported outcome scores, however, is often not well understood because of insufficient data or lack of experience or clinical understanding to draw from. This article provides an update review on two broad approaches--anchor-based and distributed-based--aimed at enhancing the understanding and meaning of patient-reported outcome scores. Anchor-based approaches include percentages based on thresholds, criterion-group interpretation, content-based interpretation, and clinical important difference. Distributed-based approaches include effect size, probability of relative benefit, and responder analysis and cumulative proportions. A third strategy called mediation analysis, which can elucidate a health condition measured by a patient-reported outcome in the context of an intervention's mechanism of action, is also highlighted and illustrated. Mediation analysis in the context of interpretation of patient-reported outcome scores is a relatively new development. The logic and rationale of the three methods are expressed generally. While the three approaches themselves are not new, some applications of them taken from their examples published in the past few years are original and coalesced in this article to add real-life implications of the different methodologies in one integrated report.
Perspectives on the counterion switch-induced photoactivation of the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin

ife would not be possible with-out communication between thecells and the external environ-ment. This critical capability al-lows cells to monitor the status of theorgans and tissues and to respond toenvironmental threats and opportunities.The process is mediated by a group ofmembrane-bound proteins known as Gprotein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).Each GPCR monitors a specific com-pound or group of compounds and be-comes activated when the target ligand(agonist) occupies the active site. Theactivated GPCR signals the presence ofthe ligand through interaction with a Gprotein that migrates within the intracel-lular medium and directly couples to theactivated GPCR. The process providesreliable signaling with variable amplifi-cation. There are at least 700 GPCRsencoded in the human genome. Despitesignificant biological importance, thestructure and function of most GPCRsare poorly understood, and a high-reso-lution crystal structure of only oneGPCR, the visual pigment rhodopsin,has been reported (1–3). Visual pig-ments are seven transmembrane -heli-cal proteins that bind 11-
Update: soccer injury and prevention, concussion, and chronic groin pain.

Soccer, or football, as it is known in much of the world, is one of the most popular sports in the world. The purpose of this article was to provide a concise update on select soccer-specific medical issues published in the last year as they relate to soccer injury and prevention, concussions, and chronic groin pain. Both the Federation Internationale de Football Association and the Union of European Football Associations published data from their longstanding injury tracking systems, providing foundation for further research. Concussion research continues to drive much interest, especially as it relates to heading and the controversy of subconcussive trauma. Lastly, our understanding of chronic groin pain continues to be refined as we try to understand the complexity of its pathophysiology and attempt to standardize a multispecialty approach of diagnosis and treatment. Language: en
Neutral three-pion resonance production in 15-GeV/ c π + -deuteron collisions

The production of ..pi../sup +/..pi../sup -/..pi../sup 0/ events allows the study of pure I=1 exchange without the complicating presence of the ..delta.. (1236) which appears with proton targets. A total of 4218 events, corresponding to 8.5 events/..mu..b, were analyzed from an exposure of the SLAC 82-inch deuterium bubble chamber. The low-mass resonances (eta, ..omega.., A/sub 2/, and ..omega.. (1675)) are clearly observed. In addition, enhancements due to possible higher-mass resonances are observed by using the technique of p/sub perpendicular/ cuts.
The Role of After-School Digital Media Clubs in Closing Participation Gaps and Expanding Social Networks.

This article considers how after-school digital media clubs, as an example of informal learning, can provide meaningful opportunities for youth to participate in the creation of interest-driven learning ecologies through media production. Ethnographic research was conducted in two after-school digital media clubs at a large, ethnically diverse, low income, public high school over the course of an academic year. The after-school clubs provided students with opportunities to develop digital literacies that could be leveraged for the acquisition of cultural and social capital. Although participation in the clubs expanded students’ offline social networks, restrictive school policies blocked access to social media and video sharing sites. Students were unlikely to share their work online and missed opportunities to develop network literacies that are crucial to more equitable modes of online participation.
‘It wasn't my sole purpose for going down there’ — An inquiry into the Spring Break experience and its relation to risky behaviors and alcohol consumption

Abstract In an effort to further existing knowledge of the Spring Break phenomenon and its connection to risky behaviors and alcohol consumption, 14 undergraduate students from a large Mid‐Atlantic North American University, going on their first Spring Break experience, were interviewed before and after Spring Break. Adopting a qualitative framework, interviews were transcribed verbatim and subsequently coded and analysed until a clear picture of the participants’ Spring Break experiences emerged. Results showed a discrepancy between spring breakers’ perceptions and expectations for Spring Break and their actual Spring Break experiences, particularly in relation to alcohol consumption. After Spring Break, most participants noted that Music Television's (MTV) promises of alcohol‐fuelled sex parties were found not to be true, or were confined to specific places. Furthermore, no significant differences between their on‐campus drinking behavior and Spring Break drinking behavior were reported. Rather than reg...