cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Contact Investigations and Public Health Interventions in the Control and Prevention of Measles Transmission: A Simulation Study.

Background Measles cases continue to occur despite its elimination status in the United States. To control transmission, public health officials confirm the measles diagnosis, identify close contacts of infectious cases, deliver public health interventions (i.e., post-exposure prophylaxis) among those who are eligible, and follow-up with the close contacts to determine overall health outcomes. A stochastic network simulation of measles contact tracing was conducted using existing agent-based modeling software and a synthetic population with high levels of immunity in order to estimate the impact of different interventions in controlling measles transmission. Methods and Findings The synthetic population was created to simulate California`s population in terms of population demographics, household, workplace, school, and neighborhood characteristics using California Department of Finance 2010 census data. Parameters for the model were obtained from a review of the literature, California measles case surveillance data, and expert opinion. Eight different scenarios defined by the use of three different public health interventions were evaluated: (a) post-exposure measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, (b) post-exposure immune globulin (IG), and (c) voluntary isolation and home quarantine in the presence or absence of public health response delays. Voluntary isolation and home quarantine coupled with one or two other interventions had the greatest reduction in the number of secondary cases infected by the index case and the probability of escape situations (i.e., the outbreak continues after 90 days). Conclusions Interrupting contact patterns via voluntary isolation and home quarantine are particularly important in reducing the number of secondary cases infected by the index case and the probability of uncontrolled outbreaks.
Model-based enhancement of lighting conditions in image sequences

Illumination variability has a considerable influence on the performance of computer vision algorithms or video coding methods. The efficiency and robustness of these algorithms can be significantly improved by removing the undesired effects of changing illumination. In this paper, we introduce a 3-D model-based technique for estimating and manipulating the lighting in an image sequence. The current scene lighting is estimated for each frame exploiting 3-D model information and by synthetic re-lighting of the original video frames. To provide the estimator with surface normal information, the objects in the scene are represented by 3-D shape models and their motion and deformation are tracked over time using a model-based estimation method. Given the normal information, the current lighting is estimated with a linear algorithm of low computational complexity using an orthogonal set of light maps. This results in a small set of parameters which efficiently represent the scene lighting. In our experiments, we demonstrate how this representation can be used to create video sequences with arbitrary new illumination. When encoding a video sequence for transmission over a network, significant coding gains can be achieved when removing the time varying lighting effects prior to encoding. Improvements of up to 3 dB in PSNR are observed for an illumination-compensated sequence.
Cardiovascular late effects among endometrial cancer survivors in a cohort study.

131Background: Endometrial cancer is the second most common cancer among female cancer survivors in the US, with an estimated 757,000 endometrial cancer survivors in 2016. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among endometrial cancer survivors. Cardiovascular disease risk may be increased among endometrial cancer survivors due to shared risk factors such as obesity or because of cancer treatment. Because of the high overall survival rate and the large number of endometrial cancer survivors, studies that examine late effects among endometrial cancer survivors are critical. Methods: Cohorts of 3,337 endometrial cancer survivors diagnosed between 1997 and 2012, and 19,420 age-matched cancer-free women were identified using the Utah Population Database. All ICD-9 diagnosis codes were collected from the state’s two largest healthcare systems and statewide ambulatory surgery and inpatient visits. Diagnoses were collapsed into cardiovascular system disorders according to the Healthcare Cost and U...
Major stressful life events and risk of developing lung cancer.

1575Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality linked with smoking, though only 6-18% of heavy smokers die of lung cancer. We hypothesized that major stressful life events are a risk factor for developing lung cancer. Methods: In our matched case-control study, cases (CA) were lung cancer patients diagnosed within past 12 months. Controls (CO) were patients without a prior history of malignancy. CA and CO were matched for age, gender and smoking status. Smokers had at least 10 packs/years history of smoking. Data was collected using standardized research questionnaire on 11 major stressful life events using Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The primary endpoint was odds of having a major stressful life event. A sample of 360 patients (120 CA and 240 CO), was needed to achieve 80% power to detect an odds ratio (OR) of 2.00 using Chi-Square test with a P = 0.05 significance. The study was IRB approved at each institution. Results: Between May 2015 and December 2016, 324 patients we...
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: Role of Extracellular Matrix Microenvironment

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine hold tremendous promise for repairing diseased or dysfunctional tissues with functional biological replacements. To date, a number of engineered tissues are FDA-approved or are undergoing clinical trials. An important component of engineered tissues is the extracellular matrix (ECM) which provides mechanical and physical stability to the tissue, while also providing instructive signaling cues. In the advent of technological advancements, ECMs can be engineered with greater spatial and mechanical organization to better mimic physiological properties of native ECMs. The ECMs used in the generation of artificial skin and vascular grafts are highlighted as examples of engineered tissues under development and commercialization.
Electromechanical Energy Conversion

The great leap from the study of the static transformer to that of rotating generators and motors must be undertaken by the reader in several slow steps.
Seeking the Limelight -- Not for All Firms

We show theoretically and empirically (using a unique dataset of corporate Twitter activity) that corporate decisions to attract attention via social media increase market valuations and decrease the cost of capital. However, these benefits are not available equally to all firms. Adoption of social media for attention grabbing is more beneficial for firms that are considered acceptable by corporate social responsibility (CSR) standards. Our results reveal a mechanism through which CSR affects firm value, and highlight the bright and dark side of "seeking the limelight".
Would many people obey non-coercive law?

Frederick Schauer’s book The Force of Law 1 defends a subtle position about the relationship between law and coercion. It concedes that it is conceptually possible for individual laws to lack coerc...
Abstract 42: Identification of gene expression patterns distinguishing responders and non-responders to induction chemotherapy in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma

Background: Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is a rare, highly aggressive cancer that arises in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Despite aggressive multimodal therapy the prognosis remains poor, and the median survival time is less than 18 months. Because of its locally advanced nature, cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy has been used in our institution to downstage unresectable tumors before definitive surgery or radiation therapy. Interestingly, our previous study showed that response to induction chemotherapy is a prognostic indicator and may be used to select patients for definitive local treatment. In this study, we performed gene expression analysis on SNUC specimens to identify molecular markers to predict/distinguish between responders and non-responders to induction chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples from 24 patients treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center between 1999 to 2016 were used in this study. Among them, 12 specimens were treatment-naive. Gene expression analysis was performed on an HTG EdgeSeq Oncology Biomarker Panel. Unsupervised clustering analysis and Mann-Whitney test were performed using JMP software and IBM SPSS Statistics 23, previously. Pathway analysis was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results: First, we attempted to identify a set of genes which could predict response to induction chemotherapy. Unfortunately, unsupervised clustering analysis on treatment-naive specimen was incapable of distinguishing between responders and non-responders. However, using discriminant analysis we succeeded in finding genes classifying patients into responders and non-responders. Then we studied the tumor specimens harvested after induction chemotherapy; differentially expressed genes between the two groups (Mann-Whitney test; p Conclusions: Our study revealed the possibility that cell survival and proliferation pathways are upregulated in non-responders to induction chemotherapy in SNUC. This finding suggests that non-responders to induction chemotherapy might be treated by inhibiting those pathways. Our comprehensive gene expression study is a significant step towards developing new therapeutic approaches in SNUC. Citation Format: Yoko Takahashi, Diana Bell, Frederico O. Gleber-Netto, Tong-Xin Xie, Dianna Roberts, Curtis Pickering, Jeffrey N. Myers, Ehab Y. Hanna. Identification of gene expression patterns distinguishing responders and non-responders to induction chemotherapy in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; April 23-25, 2017; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(23_Suppl):Abstract nr 42.
Female Sex Hormone Receptor Profiling in Uterine Adenosarcomas.

Objective This study aimed to identify the hormonal receptor status in uterine adenosarcoma (AS) and uterine AS with sarcomatous overgrowth (AS + SO), including those with high-grade histologic features (nuclear pleomorphism, atypical mitoses, necrosis), with or without heterologous elements. Estrogen receptor (ER) status, including estrogen receptor α (ERα), estrogen receptor β (ERβ), and G protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), and progesterone receptor (PgR) status were examined. Methods From August 2001 to November 2013, 11 patients with histologic diagnosis of uterine AS were identified. Tumor tissue sections were stained for ERα, ERβ, GPER, and PgR and examined both for percentage of overall cells stained and for intensity of staining. Descriptive statistics were calculated using clinicopathologic data abstracted from the medical record. Results Eight cases of AS and 3 cases of AS with high-grade features were identified. Seven of 8 tumor samples of AS showed strong or moderate intensity immunostaining for ERα; all AS + SO tumor samples showed minimal to no immunoreactivity for ERα. There was a significant decrease in ERα H scores in high-grade tumors when compared with AS (P = 0.01). Lower PgR H scores were observed in high-grade tumors compared with those in AS (P = 0.04). Estrogen receptor β immunostaining was variable, and GPER immunostaining was absent in the majority of tumor samples. Conclusions Higher expression of ERα and PgR was observed in AS when compared with those with AS + SO and high-grade features. Both tumor subtypes showed similar levels of ERβ and GPER expression, although significant differences in ERβ and GPER expression were not detected. In contrast to our previous findings in uterine carcinosarcoma, ERs ERβ and GPER do not seem to play a significant role in AS in this study.
Baseline Neurocognitive Functioning Predicts Viral Load Suppression at 1-Year Follow-Up Among Newly Diagnosed HIV Infected Patients.

The current prospective observational study evaluated the impact of baseline neurocognitive impairment on future viral load suppression among antiretroviral medication naive persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection. We used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score less than 26, to identify patients with neurocognitive deficits. Of the 138 patients enrolled; virologic suppression was seen in 61% of the participants, while 72% of the participants had a MoCA score less than 26 at baseline. Variables significantly associated with low MoCA score included higher age (p < 0.01) and presence of depression (p < 0.01). After adjusting for these variables, MoCA score less than 26 was significantly associated with a higher risk of failing achieve viral load suppression (adjusted OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.09–6.69). Baseline neurocognitive deficit as measured by MoCA was associated with a higher risk for failing to achieve viral load suppression at one-year follow-up.
How the 1950s changed our understanding of traumatic encephalopathy and its sequelae.

At a 1954 meeting of the Canadian Neurological Society, Jean Saucier, Professor of Neurology at the University of Montreal, declared concussion “a misnomer.” The problem, Saucier observed, was that the symptoms associated with closed head injury appeared identical in concussion, contusion and
Image Restoration with Deep Generative Models

Many image restoration problems are ill-posed in nature, hence, beyond the input image, most existing methods rely on a carefully engineered image prior, which enforces some local image consistency in the recovered image. How tightly the prior assumptions are fulfilled has a big impact on the resulting task performance. To obtain more flexibility, in this work, we proposed to design the image prior in a data-driven manner. Instead of explicitly defining the prior, we learn it using deep generative models. We demonstrate that this learned prior can be applied to many image restoration problems using an unified framework.
A View From the Top: Superintendents’ Perceptions of Mental Health Supports in Rural School Districts:

Purpose: A chasm exists between the expanding mental health needs of school-aged youth and the school resources available to address them. Education agencies must efficiently allocate their limited...
A frequency method for H∞ operators

We present numerical methods for determining the stability or instability of autonomous linear functional differential equations. These are based on some qualitative properties of analytic mappings and the ability to use standard mathematical packages to evaluate transcendental functions and approximate complex integrals.
The Effects of Inert Gases, Preservatives and Storage on Oxygen Transport in Blood

Research in the area of membrane transport has concentrated on the determination of ionic fluxes across biological barriers (1, 2, 11). Erythrocyte membranes are frequent subjects of such studies since they are readily available (1, 11). The transport of oxygen through erythrocyte membranes in particular has received much attention recently. Some previous oxygenation studies have relied on a lumped model approach in which all resistances to oxygen transport are combined into one parameter (8, 12, 13, 14). Differences between predicted and experimental results for these models were explained in terms of possible membrane resistance. This study provides a method for the direct determination of membrane resistance from experimental data (4).
MATERIALS PROBLEMS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE

This paper presents a review of the materials problems encountered in high speed aircrafts and missiles. Both structural and engine materials are discussed. Each type of material (metallic, ceramic or plastic) has intrinsic temperature limitations and the term « high temperature » should be considered as a ratio of the operational temperature to the melting point of the material rather than the absolute value of the temperature in service. From this point of view, the high temperature problem exists for practically all engineering materials. The physical properties of interest at high temperature are discussed. Four classes of metallic materials, namely light metals, titanium alloys, steels and related alloys, and refractory metals are reviewed. For applications involving extremely high temperatures, cooling or ablation must be considered and this approach brings in physical properties of material which are less familiar to the aircraft or engine designers. Finally, a brief account is given of the most fruitful avenues for fundamental research in the field of high temperature materials.
Best-first utility-guided search

In many shortest-path problems of practical interest, insufficient time is available to find a provably optimal solution. One can only hope to achieve a balance between search time and solution cost that respects the user's preferences, expressed as a utility function over time and cost. Current stateof-the-art approaches to this problem rely on anytime algorithms such as Anytime A* or ARA*. These algorithms require the use of extensive training data to compute a termination policy that respects the user's utility function. We propose a more direct approach, called BUGSY, that incorporates the utility function directly into the search, obviating the need for a separate termination policy. Experiments in several challenging problem domains, including sequence alignment and temporal planning, demonstrate that this direct approach can surpass anytime algorithms without requiring expensive performance profiling.
The Impact of Protest on Elections in the United States

Objectives The objective of this study was to understand the effect of citizen mobilization on both electoral outcomes and on the likelihood that new candidates will enter races to challenge incumbent politicians. Methods This study uses quantitative, longitudinal data (at the congressional‐district level) on protest, electoral outcomes, and challengers entering races, which are analyzed using an autoregressive distributed lagged regression model. Results Results show that protests that express liberal issues lead to a greater percentage of the two‐party vote share for Democratic candidates, while protests that espouse conservative issues offer Republican candidates a greater share of the two‐party vote. Additionally, results indicated that protest shines a light on incumbent politicians’ failure to address constituent concerns, which leads quality candidates to enter subsequent races to challenge incumbent politicians. Conclusions Citizen activism, which has been shown to impact state and firm policy decisions, also impacts electoral outcomes.
Unique Challenges of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Adolescent and Young Adults with Hematologic Malignancies

ABSTRACT Slow but definite progress has been made in recognizing the differences in disease biology, host factors, and psychosocial issues related to management of hematologic malignancies, including hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population. Improvement in survival rates among AYAs undergoing HCT for hematologic malignancies have paralleled those seen among children and older adults in the contemporary era. However, overall outcomes remain inferior compared with those in children owing largely to higher rates of treatment related mortality and late relapses in AYA HCT recipients. We review the unique issues and challenges facing AYAs with hematologic malignancies undergoing HCT, identify unmet needs and gaps in care, and describe potential strategies to address them. A patient-centric and multidisciplinary approach to AYA HCT care with lifelong follow-up is necessary to ensure long-term health.
Vascular Malformations of the Spinal Cord

Vascular malformations of the spinal cord are a heterogenous group of arterial and venous vascular malformations that affect the spinal cord and surrounding structures, either directly or indirectly. They consist of spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), spinal hemangiomas, cavernous angiomas, and aneurysms [1]. In all of these lesions, there is an abnormal connection between the arterial and venous pathways [1]. These malformations do not benefit from intervening capillaries. As a result, venous pressure increases and the individual is predisposed to ischemia or hemorrhage [1]. They may be responsible for a neurologic deficit at the related level of the spinal cord, termed a vascular myelopathy.
Clinical validation of the ThyroSeq v3 genomic classifier in thyroid nodules with indeterminate FNA cytology.

Molecular testing of thyroid fine‐needle aspiration specimens has been developed with the primary goals of resolving the uncertainty of indeterminate cytology and avoiding the diagnostic surgeries generally recommended for these patients. A recent prospective, double‐blinded, multicenter study reported the results of the clinical validation of the ThyroSeq v3 genomic classifier in thyroid nodules with indeterminate fine‐needle aspiration cytology.
Evidence of electron heating at different radial locations on Proto-MPEX

This paper reports on the observation of controlled underdense electron heating for high heat flux applications in the Prototype Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment. The goal of this experiment is to demonstrate the source and heating concepts to create a high intensity plasma at material targets to study plasma-material interactions in similar plasma conditions to magnetic fusion divertors. A 80 kW helicon source at 13.56 MHz is used for the plasma density production and a 15 kW microwave source at 28 GHz is used for electron heating. For electron densities ∼5 × 1018 m−3, the electron temperature at the target location increases from 2 eV to 5 eV and the core heat flux increases by a factor of 5. It is shown that the radial profile of the heat flux delivered at the target can be controlled by either the background plasma density or the magnetic field. Analysis suggests that the electron heating is due to heating near the upper-hybrid resonance layer and that this heating scenario may scale up to divertor-relevant electron densities ∼5 × 1019 m−3 by increasing the microwave driving frequency to 105 GHz.
The FRiND Model: A Mathematical Model for Representing Macrophage Plasticity in Muscular Dystrophy Pathogenesis

Muscular dystrophy describes generalized progressive muscular weakness due to the wasting of muscle fibers. The progression of the disease is affected by known immunological and mechanical factors, and possibly other unknown mechanisms. This article introduces a new mathematical model, the FRiND model, to further elucidate these known immunological actions. We will perform stability and sensitivity analyses on this model. The models time course results will be verified by biological studies in the literature. This model could be the foundation for further understanding of immunological muscle repair.
Introduction to Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology touches nearly every aspect of our lives and has the potential to significantly impact society in areas as diverse as medicine, agriculture, water, textiles, infrastructure, transportation, and consumer electronics. This chapter provides a brief introduction to nanotechnology and highlights some of the major discoveries that have driven the field forward. Synopses of the contributions by top researchers in many fields are used to illustrate the multidisciplinary nature of nanotechnology. Work at the nanoscale has the potential to address some of the toughest challenges facing the world. Female scientists and engineers in particular are making strides in areas such as cancer treatment, clean water availability, and sustainable energy production. Nanotechnology-enabled products are increasingly ubiquitous and promise to lead to even greater advances in the future. This widespread use of nanotechnology continues to drive the need to consider potential implications on human and environmental health to ensure responsible development. Furthermore, education in and broad awareness of nanotechnology is important to address workforce needs and support savvy consumers.
A Survey of Health Sciences Faculty Practices and Attitudes Regarding the Peer Feedback Component of Team-Based Learning

Peer feedback, an essential component of team-based learning (TBL), fosters accountability among team members. Effective utilization can be advantageous for both students and faculty, although there may be many implementation challenges. Our study objectives were to (1) identify current practices of peer feedback in TBL, (2) identify curricular assessment related to peer feedback, and (3) identify challenges with peer feedback in TBL. A survey link was sent via medical and TBL web boards. The survey asked for both quantitative and qualitative information regarding the peer feedback process. Quantitative results were analyzed using SPSS®. NVivo® was used to identify and code themes in open-ended responses. Both investigators reviewed and agreed upon themes. Sixty-one TBL users in health professions completed the survey. Multiple health professions were represented with medicine and pharmacy being the most common. Information on current practices showed a wide variety of implementation. Curricular alignment was common. Time and training were the most common challenges and difficulties. Meaningful feedback should be considered an important curricular outcome. Specific learning objectives and appropriate assessment strategies should be developed to meet the mission of the program. Students must receive guidance from faculty members on how to improve their skills in providing effective feedback. Overall, faculty saw peer evaluation as valuable. However, the time commitment, lack of student training, and student attitudes make implementation difficult. Future research should focus on best practices to streamline the TBL feedback process and on student training regarding how to provide effective feedback.
Platform development for dE/dx measurements on short-pulse laser facilities

Abstract Generating benchmark data on charged-particle stopping power in dense plasma is a challenge, motivating new experimental platforms for facilities such as short-pulse lasers. We report on several experiments that aimed to develop a platform for high-precision stopping power measurements at OMEGA EP, specifically developing target-normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) sources, proton isochoric heating, and radiatively heated foams. Integrated experiments were performed to measure stopping power, but several phenomena have been identified that would need to be mitigated for a stopping-power measurement, including irreproducibility of the TNSA sources, spurious electromagnetic fields around proton-heated targets, and cross-talk between the source and subject targets. This work provides a basis for potential future work towards mitigating these problems and performing stopping-power measurements, and is also valuable data for general understanding of TNSA and proton isochoric heating experiments.
Inhibition of PIM kinase with fractionated radiation and docetaxel in preclinical prostate cancer models.

e17534Background: PIM kinases are highly expressed in high risk prostate cancer and are associated with aggressiveness and poor prognosis, presenting a therapeutic target. Methods: We studied PIM i...
Exploring Postsecondary Administrators’ Inclusion of Disability within Their Definition of Student Diversity

Research notes that stigmatisation still exists within higher education for individuals identifying as having a disability. Institutional members, including administrators, may indicate an overall ...
Abstract 16026: Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment of Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction With Anemia and Iron Deficiency

Introduction: Anemia is associated with increased mortality, cardiovascular events, and decreased quality of life in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Iron defic...
Strong Clustering in the Low Redshift Lyman-$\alpha$ Forest

The two-point correlation function, $\xi$, of Lyman-alpha forest is found to be large, $\xi = 1.8^{+1.6}_{-1.2}$, > 90% confidence level, on the scale of 250-500 km/s for a sample of absorbers (0 1.7) where $\xi \approx 0.2$ for velocities > 250 km/s.
Long term outcomes in older trauma patients admitted to the ICU: A prospective study.

Abstract Background Prior studies have shown an increase in mortality in elderly patients when compared to their younger cohort. Methods Level 1 trauma patients ≥50 years old were recruited upon admission to the ICU and prospectively followed. After an initial survey, inpatient data were collected and phone surveys were completed at 3 and 6 months. Results 100 patients were included. There was an 18% inpatient mortality. At 6 months, the mortality rate was 24%; 73% of surviving patients reported good health. 6-month nonsurvivors had a higher percentage requiring preinjury assistance with ambulation. Conclusions Severe trauma in patients ≥50 years of age carries a significant rate of mortality however survivors have good outcomes. Need for assistance with ambulation prior to injury is associated with 6 month mortality and could be used as a screening tool for interventions.
Determination of Signs in Mire Method

In applying the moire method for stress analysis, it is sometimes difficult to attribute proper signs to fringes. In the conventional way the knowledge of boundary conditions is an absolute necessity for proper interpretation of fringes. Presented herein are methods for the determination of signs of moire fringes based on their intrinsic properties. These methods can be applied to any portion of a moire pattern without a priori knowledge of the boundary conditions. As a result the moire method can be effectively used as a means for stress separation in three-dimensional photoelasticity. Heretofore the moire pattern obtained from a stress-frozen photo-elastic slice upon annealing has been most difficult to analyze, because the boundary conditions were either not well defined or sometimes even nonexistant due to the destructive nature of the stress-frozen technique. Also presented is a method for fringe ordering whereby the signs of both direct derivative and cross derivatives are obtained automatically once the fringes are properly ordered.
Update for ASCO 2015 sarcoma sessions

There were over 75 oral or poster presentations in last Spring's American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO) sarcoma sessions. These presentations included investigations studying new medical therapy regimens for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients with advanced disease, research studies on the relative value of aggressive local therapies for certain histologies of STS, and innovative investigations evaluating prognostic (and potentially therapeutic) implications of next generation sequencing of tumors and circulating tumor DNA. This paper serves to review select presentations from the sessions in the meeting.
Abstract 1622: Design and preclinical evaluation of single agents with tubulin and multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition

Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) inhibitors lead to the reduction of angiogenesis but are cytostatic, not tumoricidal. These inhibitors have shown significant promise in the clinic when used in combination with cytotoxic agents, and several clinical trials with such combinations are in progress. We have previously reported preclinical studies on AG119, a compound that inhibits both VEGFR2 and tubulin, thereby affording antiangiogenic and cytotoxic effects in a single agent. Structural modifications of AG119 afforded AG321, a unique compound with four separate mechanisms of action in a single agent. AG321 inhibits platelet derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), in addition to VEGFR2 and tubulin. AG321 is a colchicine site binding agent with potency comparable with that of combretastatin A-4 against bovine brain tubulin assembly. AG321 has potency comparable with that of erlotinib in tumor cell lines overexpressing EGFR and potency comparable with those of erlotinib, PD153035 and DMBI and in cell lines overexpressing PDGFRβ. It also has potency comparable with those of sunitinib and semaxinib in cell lines overexpressing VEGFR2. AG321 reduced tumor size (control: 15.7 ± 2.9 mm3/day; AG321 treated: 5.7 ± 0.7 mm3/day; p < 0.01 by one way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons post test) and the number of lung metastases in the 4T1 triple negative mouse breast cancer allograft model and was superior to docetaxel, without overt systemic toxicity. A range of potential therapies that target EGFR are currently in development or in clinical trials for the treatment of glioblastoma. Targeting both VEGFR2 and PDGFRβ, which are two key mediators of tumor angiogenesis, increases the antiangiogenic effect even in the often intractable late stage of solid tumors. Hence, AG321, a multiple receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor which may also be effective against EGFR-amplified glioblastoma [AG119 reduced tumor size and vascularity in vivo in the U251 glioma model]. In summary, AG321 with antiangiogenic effects via multiple RTK inhibition and cytotoxic effects via tubulin inhibition in a single entity may delay or prevent tumor cell resistance, circumvent pharmacokinetic problems that can occur with multiple agents, avoid drug-drug interactions, be used at lower doses to alleviate toxicity and be and have reduced toxicity. Citation Format: Aleem Gangjee, Roheeth K. Pavana, Michael Ihnat, Ernest Hamel. Design and preclinical evaluation of single agents with tubulin and multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1622. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1622
Assessing Acoustic Signal Variability and the Potential for Sexual Selection and Social Recognition in Boreal Chorus Frogs (Pseudacris maculata)

An important and necessary step in the analysis of any communication system involves quantitative descriptions of how signals vary at multiple levels of organization (e.g., species, populations, individuals). Such descriptions provide a basis for generating testable predictions about the functions of signals and their specific physical properties in different behavioral contexts. Here, we report results from acoustical and statistical analyses of the advertisement calls of the boreal chorus frog, Pseudacris maculata. In addition to characterizing measures of central tendency and dispersion for our study population, we assess how calls encode potentially relevant information in the contexts of sexual selection and social recognition. Specifically, we describe the relationships between call properties and both body size and condition, and relate these findings to predictions about female mate choice and male-male competition. We also make predictions about the shapes of female preference functions based on analyses of the patterns of within-individual variation in call properties. Findings from multivariate analyses of advertisement calls are used to generate testable predictions about the potential for these signals to function in social recognition. We also discuss our results in relation to wildlife conservation and relevant studies of geographic variation.
Growth of Parasitic Mycoplasma Without Serum or Serum Fraction

Lipid-free beef heart infusion would support the growth of six strains of parasitic Mycoplasma when supplemented with a combination of cholesterol, lecithin, and cardiolipin.
Requirements for T Lymphocyte Migration in Explanted Lymph Nodes

Although the requirements for T lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes (LNs) are well studied, much less is known about the requirements for T lymphocyte locomotion within LNs. Imaging of murine T lymphocyte migration in explanted LNs using two-photon laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy provides an opportunity to systematically study these requirements. We have developed a closed system for imaging an intact LN with controlled temperature, oxygenation, and perfusion rate. Naive T lymphocyte locomotion in the deep paracortex of the LN required a perfusion rate of >13 microm/s and a partial pressure of O(2) (pO(2)) of >7.4%. Naive T lymphocyte locomotion in the subcapsular region was 38% slower and had higher turning angles and arrest coefficients than naive T lymphocytes in the deep paracortex. T lymphocyte activation decreased the requirement for pO(2), but also decreased the speed of locomotion in the deep paracortex. Although CCR7(-/-) naive T cells displayed a small reduction in locomotion, systemic treatment with pertussis toxin reduced naive T lymphocyte speed by 59%, indicating a contribution of Galpha(i)-mediated signaling, but involvement of other G protein-coupled receptors besides CCR7. Receptor knockouts or pharmacological inhibition in the adenosine, PG/lipoxygenase, lysophosphatidylcholine, and sphingosine-1-phosphate pathways did not individually alter naive T cell migration. These data implicate pO(2), tissue architecture, and G-protein coupled receptor signaling in regulation of naive T lymphocyte migration in explanted LNs.
DESSIN: mining dense subgraph patterns in a single graph

Currently, a large amount of data can be best represented as graphs, e.g., social networks, protein interaction networks, etc. The analysis of these networks is an urgent research problem with great practical applications. In this paper, we study the particular problem of finding frequently occurring dense subgraph patterns in a large connected graph. Due to the ambiguous nature of occurrences of a pattern in a graph, we devise a novel frequent pattern model for a single graph. For this model, the widely used Apriori property no longer holds. However, we are able to identify several important properties, i.e., small diameter, reachability, and fast calculation of automorphism. These properties enable us to employ an index-based method to locate all occurrences of a pattern in a graph and a depth-first search method to find all patterns. Concluding this work, a large number of real and synthetic data sets are used to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the DESSIN method.
Interfacial overheating during melting of Si at 190 m/s

An upper limit is placed on the overheating at the liquid/solid interface during melting of (100) Si at high interface velocity. The limit is based on an energy-balance analysis of melt depths measured in real time during pulsed-laser melting of Si on sapphire. When combined with previous measurements of the freezing kinetics of Si, this limit indicates that the kinetics of melting and freezing are nonlinear, i.e., the undercooling required to freeze at modest (15 m/s) velocities is proportionately much greater than the overheating required to melt at high (190 m/s) velocities.
Reference citations in selected instructional design and technology journals, 1985–1990

This article reports on a bibliometric research study undertaken to identify authors who are most frequently cited inEducational Technology Research and Development, Educational Communication and Technology Journal, and in theJournal of Instructional Development. Thirty-seven authors with 20 or more citations over a five-year period were identified and rank-ordered by total number of citations.
Clinical comparison of masticatory performance and electromyographic activity of patients with complete dentures, overdentures, and natural teeth

In this study, which is the first of its kind, it has been shown that overdenture patients, when compared to complete denture patients, while chewing a test food for a constant number of strokes, expended an equivalent amount of muscle effort, chewed more slowly and efficiently, and evidenced significantly better masticatory performance by producing an increased volume of fine test food particles. These findings provide a sound justification for the extra effort required to retain some natural teeth to provide overdenture services to patients. The fact that patients can masticate food more efficiently with overdentures than with complete dentures justifies the increased cost and time involved in their construction. The longitudinal effects that overdentures have on the basic physiopathologic processed involved in the progression of ridge resorption and the advantages of maintaining periodontal proprioception also should be studied.
The dimensions of cited reference enhanced database subsets

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss databases with cited references.Design/methodology/approach – The paper considers the dimensions of cited reference enhanced database subsets.Findings – The typical database has the ski slope shape, as there is a fairly steady, gradual growth in the yearly number of records added. This is not true for the shape of the cited references subset, as in most databases cited references have been added to the records only for the past few years.Practical implications – There are many features which are specific to cited references, and thus the traditional bibliographic database design is just not sufficient.Originality/value – The paper examines the issues surrounding cited reference enhanced database subsets.
The effects of N-ethylmaleimide on active amino acid transport in Escherichia coli

Abstract N -Ethylmaleimide (MalNEt) binds covalently and without specificity to accessible sulfhydryl residues in proteins. In some cases specificity has been imposed on this reaction by manipulating reaction conditions, yielding information concerning both enzyme mechanism and the identity of specific proteins (for example C.F. Fox and E.P. Kennedy (1965) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 54, 891–899) and R.E. McCarty and J. Fagan (1973) Biochemistry 12, 1503–1507). We have examined the effects of MalNEt on the active accumulation of nine amino acids by Escherichia coli strains ML 308-225 and DL 54. Whole cells have been used in order that transport systems both dependent on and independent of periplasmic binding proteins could be studied under various conditions of energy supply for transport. Our results suggest that the systems transporting ornithine, phenylalanine and proline are those most likely to undergo inactivation by direct reaction of MalNEt with the transport apparatus, rather than merely via side effects such as interruption of their energy supply. The inhibition of proline transport is specifically enhanced by the presence of proline, competitive inhibitors of proline transport, or carbonylcyanide p -trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone during MalNEt treatment. The other eight systems tested showed no analogous effects.
Topologies on Rn induced by smooth subsets

Abstract If L is a collection of subsets of R n , let T L denote the largest topology on R n which restricts to the standard topology on each element of L , and let H L denote the homeomorphism group of R n with the topology T L . Let T std denote the standard topology on R n and let H std denote the homeomorphism group of R n with the standard topology. 1. Theorem 1. If L is any collection of subsets of R n which contains all C 1 regular 1- manifolds, then T L = T std . A natural collection of subsets of R n called smooth sets is defined which includes the zero set of every nonconstant polynomial and every C 2 regular submanifold of R n of dimension n . 2. Theorem 2. If L is the collection of all smooth subsets of R n , then T L is strictly larger than T std and H L is strictly smaller than H std . 3. Theorem 3. There is an injective function f : R n → R n which is discontinuous at each point of a countable dense subset of R n , and whose restriction to each smooth subset of R n is continuous .
Variation with Temperature of the Continuous Absorption Spectrum of Diatomic Molecules: Part I. Experimental, The Absorption Spectrum of Chlorine

A photographic method was used to investigate the continuous absorption spectrum of chlorine at 18\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 168\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 281\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 426\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, 580\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 765\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The effect of increasing the temperature is to decrease the absorption coefficient at the maximum, and to broaden the region of continuous absorption. The results were analyzed to obtain the contributions of individual vibrational levels to the total absorption. The absorption from the level ${v}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{'}}=0$ has a single maximum, that from the level ${v}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{'}}=1$ has two maxima, and it appears probable that the absorption from the level ${v}^{\ensuremath{'}\ensuremath{'}}=2$ has three maxima.
Some facets of the polytope of even permutation matrices

Abstract We describe a class of facets of the polytope of convex combinations of the collection of even n×n permutation matrices. As a consequence, we prove the conjecture of Brualdi and Liu [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 57 (1991) 243] that the number of facets of the polytope is not bounded by a polynomial in n.
The molecular structure of benzoylmethylidynetricobalt nonacarbonyl, C6H5C(O)CCo3(CO)9

Abstract The molecular structure of benzoylmethylidynetricobalt nonacarbonyl, C 6 H 5 C(O)CCo 3 (CO) 9 , has been determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The sample crystallized from heptane forms as monoclinic prisms of spae group P2 1 /c, with a = 8.836(2), b = 14.097(10), c = 16.514(3), β = 103.37(6) and z = 2. The final R value was 0.053. The structure is regular and normal but does not aid in explaining the interesting properties of this cluster.
Stress-dependent permeability measurement using the oscillating pulse technique

Abstract Permeability of Indiana Limestone samples undergoing deformation in a triaxial cell along several stress paths such as triaxial compression, hydrostatic compression and uniaxial strain was measured using the oscillating pulse technique. This technique consists of applying a sinusoidal pressure wave at the upstream end of the sample and recording the pressure—time behavior at the downstream end. The solution to the general one-dimensional diffusivity equation can be obtained by applying the appropriate boundary conditions to give a method of evaluating diffusivity and permeability in a relatively short time. The process of sending a pulse to evaluate permeability has been programmed in Visual Basic which can be incorporated into any regular triaxial testing automated routines to measure permeability at different stages of loading until failure. Stored waveforms of the upstream and downstream pressure responses with time are analyzed to evaluate the attenuation and phase shift in the waveform. For comparison purposes, permeability was also measured using steady-state methods for samples subjected to a hydrostatic compression stress path and good correlations were observed. During triaxial compression failure tests, in most tests the permeability decreased continuously until the end of the test. Permeability also decreased with increasing confining pressure, while under uniaxial strain (i.e. one-dimensional compaction ( k 0 ) tests), there was a sudden reduction of permeability at a particular stress level.