cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Organic liquid scintillation detector shape and volume impact on radiation portal monitors

Abstract We have developed and tested a radiation portal monitor using organic liquid scintillation detectors. In order to optimize our system designs, neutron measurements were carried out with three organic liquid scintillation detectors of different shapes and sizes, along with a 3 He radiation portal monitor (RPM) as a reference. The three liquids tested were a 7.62 cm diameter by 7.62 cm length cylindrical active volume organic liquid scintillation detector, a 12.7 cm diameter by 12.7 cm length cylindrical active volume organic liquid scintillation detector, and a 25 cm by 25 cm by 10 cm “paddle” shaped organic liquid scintillation detector. Background and Cf-252 neutron measurements were recorded to allow for a comparison of neutron intrinsic efficiencies as well as receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves between detectors. The 12.7 cm diameter cylindrical active volume organic liquid scintillation detector exhibited the highest intrinsic neutron efficiency (54%) of all three liquid scintillators. An ROC curve analysis for a heavily moderated Cf-252 measurement showed that using the 12.7 cm diameter by 12.7 cm length cylindrical active volume Eljen EJ309 organic liquid scintillation detector would result in the fewest needed detector units in order to achieve a near 100% positive neutron alarm rate while maintaining a better than 1 in 10,000 false alarm rate on natural neutron background. A small number of organic liquid scintillation detectors could therefore be a valid alternative to 3 He in some RPM applications.
The Failure to Understand Expertise in Administrative Law: The Problem and the Consequences

Although expertise has a starring role in administrative law, there has been a surprisingly impoverished understanding of expertise and its role in the rulemaking process. The failure to understand expertise, which this article explains is more complex and multifaceted that generally understood, is problematic because understandings of expert public administration influence administrative law institutions and practices, and conversely these legal developments condition the creation and use of expert knowledge in public administration. This Article contends that a more complete understanding of expertise indicates how it is possible to have a more workable, and yet accountable, administrative process.More specifically, the article explains how the limited and sometimes misleading understanding of expertise has led to a “rational-instrumental” (RI) accountability paradigm, which distrusts agency expertise and seeks to narrow the policy space in which agency expertise can operate. A more accurate and complete understanding of expertise supports “deliberative-constitutive” (DC) accountability, which has the potential to increase agency effectiveness and still reconcile the administrative state with our constitutional democracy.
Donor Advised Funds: Charitable Spending Vehicles for 21st Century Philanthropy

The donor advised fund (DAF) is changing longstanding giving norms in U.S. philanthropy. DAF contributions now account for around 7 percent of giving by individuals in the United States. About half of those contributions go to national DAF sponsors that have relationships with large commercial investment firms like Fidelity, Vanguard, and Schwab. This Article seeks to advance the understanding of the donor advised fund and to address two of the main policy questions: whether to impose a payout on DAFs and their sponsoring organizations and how to respond to the increased use of DAFs for noncash charitable contributions. Part I of the Article provides a brief overview of DAFs. Part II of the Article discusses the different ways DAFs are viewed – as quasi private foundations, public charity substitutes, or as catalysts for new charitable giving. Each view suggests a different regulatory approach. Part III focuses distinctly on the national sponsoring organization and the reason for its section 501(c)(3) status. The national sponsoring organization’s exempt purpose is to spend money for the benefit of other 501(c)(3) organizations. The Article argues that as an organization that fulfills its mission by spending, it is appropriate for policymakers to require each fund to spend down contributions over a range of years. Part IV of the Article examines the solicitation by DAF sponsoring organizations of charitable contributions of property, including privately traded stock, real estate, fine art, collectibles, and publicly traded securities. The increasing use of DAFs for noncash contributions will accentuate the problems of current law, which include a deduction for unrealized appreciation, overvaluation of contributed property, uncertain benefits to charity, equity concerns, and enforcement. Part IV argues that if Congress intends to retain the subsidy for property contributions, DAFs present an opportunity to improve and lower the cost of the subsidy both by reducing the amount of unrealized appreciation that may be deducted and by basing the amount of the deduction for property contributions on the net benefit to charity.
Practical computerized monitoring of parlor cow flow

As dairies grow larger, efficient operation of the milking parlor becomes critical for many reasons. First, it is typically one of the largest capital investments on the dairy. Second, it is often the limiting resource to further expansion. Third, it requires a substantial percentage of the total labor force on the dairy. Fourth, it is often the place where disease detection occurs or cows are identified for other management needs. It is also often the actual site of treatment or sorting for further action. Therefore, constant monitoring of a parlor is necessary to keep it operating at peak efficiency. Electronics in the form of automatic identification and electronic milk weighing meters, coupled with computers and herd management software, are increasingly being used to aid this monitoring. This area has much potential to allow better management control and decision making, but usually this potential (as well as the substantial investment for the electronics) is at best greatly under-utilized, if not wasted. This paper will discuss using electronically captured data to monitor and manage parlor performance.
Influence of Group Characteristics on Individual Consumption when Sharing: An Exploratory Study on Television Viewing

Experiential products in categories such as leisure and entertainment can be consumed by more than one individual at the same time as they are as well pure public or mixed private/public goods. That is, consumption of products like movies, restaurants and concerts can be shared (Belk, 2009). Everyday experience tends to support the conjecture that individual consumption of experiential products increases in group contexts, where affect and other group processes should positively influence individual willingness to extend or even participate in the experience. Thus, individual consumption should depend on observable group characteristics when individuals share but there are sparse antecedents in the literature on this subject. This is an exploratory study on the effect of two basic group characteristics on individual consumption when sharing: group size and group composition. The interaction of group size and level of choice is explored as well. The study presents distributions of estimates for a random parameters model estimated on panel data of television viewing from a novel geography: Mexico. Implications for marketers include the possibility of improving the design of products and promotions to optimize shared consumption, enhance customer satisfaction and increase sales. Theoretical implications point to the need of a better understanding of group consuming common choices.
A Continuously Cooled Mechanical Support for Cryogenic Equipment

A scheme is presented for interception of the heat flowing into a cryogenic environment, through its mechanical support. In the present method, the mechanical support is cooled continuously by means of a coolant-carrying tube, wound in a helix around the support. A numerical simulation of the present support cooling method has been conducted. An experimental study of this support-cooling method is proposed.
Brief Review of Dissipativity Theory

This chapter reviews concepts from dissipativity theory that are foundational for the subsequent chapters. It first gives the general definition and, next, discusses special types of dissipativity that describe finite \(L_2\) gain, passivity, and output strict passivity properties, followed by a graphical interpretation of each type for memoryless systems. The next topic is differential characterization of dissipativity and its specialization to linear systems. This is followed by numerical techniques for certifying dissipativity via semidefinite programming. The final section illustrates the use of dissipativity for reachability and Lyapunov stability analysis.
A Voice for Black Interests: Congressional Black Caucus Cohesion and Bill Cosponsorship

This study enhances our understanding of the vexing dilemma (i.e., the crosspressures emanating from individual goals and collective aspirations) confronting black legislators. Extant research based on roll call votes or on interest group scores that are also based on roll call votes is limited in what it can tell us about African-American representation in Congress. By examining African-American representatives' cosponsorship of legislation, this study uses a more accurate measure of members' legislative behavior and thus overcomes the "censored sample problem" associated with roll call data. Bill cosponsorship is a good indicator of a representative's intensity of commitment to constituent interests. We examine public bills cosponsored by African-American representatives from 1971 through 1993. The analysis finds that the cohesiveness of the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC) transcends policy arenas, notwithstanding higher rates of cosponsorship on social issues, and that the number of bills cosponsored ...
THz Photoconductivity in GaAs:Er at 1550 nm, and Comparison with Cross-Gap Performance

This paper summarizes research aimed at understanding the sub-bandgap ultrafast photoconductivity (~1550 nm) in heavily doped GaAs:Er, and why it is comparable in strength and THz performance to traditional cross-gap (≈800 nm) performance.
Anticonvulsants and Serum Cholesterol

The effect of antiepileptic drugs (AED) on total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides was studied in 208 epileptic children compared with 175 normal children at the University of Bologna, Italy.
Evolutionary Aspects of Macrophages Polarization.

Macrophages constitute a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that are essential for maintaining homeostasis and as a first line of innate responders controlling and organizing host defenses against pathogens. Monocyte–macrophage lineage cells are among the most functionally diverse and plastic cells of the immune system. They undergo specific activation into functionally distinct phenotypes in response to immune signals and microbial products. In mammals, macrophage functional heterogeneity is defined by two activation states, M1 and M2, which represent two polar ends of a continuum exhibiting pro-inflammatory and tissue repair activities, respectively. While the ancient evolutionary origin of macrophages as phagocytic defenders is well established, the evolutionary roots of the specialized division of macrophages into subsets with polarized activation phenotypes is less well defined. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on recent advances in the understanding of the evolution of macrophage polarization and functional heterogeneity with a focus on ectothermic vertebrates.
Non-Smooth Resonance Control of Complex Bifurcations in Aircraft Flight

Abstract Analysis and control of bifurcation phenomena occurring in aircraft ffight have been reported in a number of recent stucSes. It has been shown that smooth nonlinear feedback is capable of enlarging the region of stability near critical parameters for aircraft models. An integrated approach employing generalized normal forms for both analysis and smooth control of aircraft instabilities has been presented in our recent paper. In this paper we examine how a more efficient compound resonance control consisting of non-smooth and smooth components may be applied to stabilize complex bifurcations found in nonlinear plants modeling aircraft flight It is shown that such control essentially reduces feedback magnitude and still maintains the degree of robustness achieved by smooth control.
Ecocompositional and Performative Strategies for Creative Usage of Everyday Sounds: Creative Semantic Anchoring

The authors cover recent advances in ecologically grounded creative practice, highlighting performative strategies in instrumental writing. They address techniques adopted in ecocomposition and propose an expansion of the available resources by introducing a new method: creative semantic anchoring. The underlying concepts are presented and a case study—targeting the performative practice of Flausino Valle’s 26 Characteristic and Concert Preludes for Solo Violin—is described.
Impact of spatial resolution recovery on standard uptake values in clinical PET/CT

1378 Learning Objectives: 1. To compare two techniques of iterative reconstruction in PET/CT. 2. To evaluate the impact of these techniques on SUV in diagnostic scans. Abstract Body: Standard uptake values (SUV) are patient relative ratios of FDG uptake in a region versus uniform whole body FDG distribution. SUVs vary due to artifacts as well as methods of attenuation correction and image reconstruction. A new method to improve lesion detection, Siemens9 TrueX iterative reconstruction, is evaluated for its impact on SUV measurements for a variety of tumor types and patient weights. Methods: Patients with fasting blood glucose
Abstract WP106: Optogenetic Neuronal Stimulation Reduces Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase After Stroke

Objective: Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous messenger that mediates many physiological functions, including neuronal excitability, vascular tone and angiogenesis. Nitric oxide synthases are a family of enzymes that catalyzes the production of NO. While activation of endothelial NOS (eNOS) has been shown to be neuroprotective, activation of neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) worsens ischemic damage. Although the role of NOS in acute stroke is well-established, their contribution in stroke recovery is less clear. Our lab recently demonstrated that optogenetic neuronal stimulation can enhance post-stroke recovery. As NOS mediates many physiological processes important for stroke recovery, we investigate whether NOS is involved in stimulation-enhanced recovery. We hypothesize that neuronal stimulations promote recovery by altering NOS expression. Methods: Thy-1-ChR2-YFP line-18 transgenic male mice were used. Mice underwent experimental stroke induced by an intraluminal middle cerebral artery suture occlusion. Repeated optogenetic stimulations in the contralesional cerebellar dentate nucleus (cLCN) were administered from post-stroke day5-14. Functional recovery was evaluated by sensory-motor behavior tests. Mice were sacrificed at post-stroke day15, ipsilesional and contralesional motor and sensory cortices were dissected. qPCR was performed to examine expression of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS. Results: Our data showed that stimulated stroke mice recovered quickly, with significantly faster rotating beam speed at day14 post-stroke (p Conclusion: Optogenetic stimulations promote post-stroke recovery and selectively reduced nNOS expression in the contralesional motor cortex. Current ongoing studies examine the nNOS signaling pathway after stimulation and the effect of manipulating nNOS expression in stroke recovery.
Using time reversal focusing for active control of magnetic resonance imaging noise

The noise produced by a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan can cause discomfort to patients. Active Noise Control (ANC) systems have been developed to help reduce the amount of noise a patient experiences. However, due to the small enclosure of the MRI machine, ANC equipment can be cumbersome to use, and is limited to non-ferrous material. Time Reversal Acoustics (TRA) is a technique that can focus sound to a selected position in space that may be far from actual sound sources. We are exploring using TRA to deliver an ANC signal by broadcasting “anti-noise” signals that are focused to the patient’s ears through TRA to cancel the MRI noise. This presentation will explore the applicability of using TRA to deliver different types of ANC signals to determine limitations in this process and show some proof of concept results.
Hepatitis C Virus: Gastrointestinal Features

Hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and affects the liver primarily. Although the infection itself is usually asymptomatic, long-term infection can ultimately lead to cirrhosis and subsequent liver failure, cancer, and varices. It is spread by blood contact and thought to affect 130–170 million people worldwide. Liver failure due to hepatitis C is the most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States, and no vaccine is currently available.
Stochastic Partial Differential Equations

A brief discussion on the relevance of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) in Sect. 9.1 is followed by a review of the type of SPDEs studied in the mathematical literature (Sect. 9.2). Section 9.3 shows that SPDEs can be solved by the methods in Chaps. 7 and 8 via time and space discretization. Section 9.4 deals with SPDEs that are frequently encountered in applications. The focus is on stochastic elliptic partial differential equations. We review general concepts on this class of equations (Sect. 9.4.1), and present solutions by Monte Carlo (Sect. 9.4.4), stochastic reduced order models (Sect. 9.4.5), stochastic Galerkin (Sect. 9.4.8), and stochastic collocation (Sect. 9.4.9) methods. The last section of the chapter considers SDEs whose coefficients have small uncertainty, and presents methods for solving these equations by Taylor (Sect. 9.5.1), perturbation (Sect. 9.5.2), and Neumann series (Sect. 9.5.3) representations.
Nanoparticle and Iron Chelators as a Potential Novel Alzheimer Therapy

Current therapies for Alzheimer disease (AD) such as the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and the latest NMDA receptor inhibitor, Namenda, provide moderate symptomatic delay at various stages of the disease, but do not arrest the disease progression or bring in meaningful remission. New approaches to the disease management are urgently needed. Although the etiology of AD is largely unknown, oxidative damage mediated by metals is likely a significant contributor since metals such as iron, aluminum, zinc, and copper are dysregulated and/or increased in AD brain tissue and create a pro-oxidative environment. This role of metal ion-induced free radical formation in AD makes chelation therapy an attractive means of dampening the oxidative stress burden in neurons. The chelator desferrioxamine, FDA approved for iron overload, has shown some benefit in AD, but like many chelators, it has a host of adverse effects and substantial obstacles for tissue-specific targeting. Other chelators are under development and have shown various strengths and weaknesses. Here, we propose a novel system of chelation therapy through the use of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles conjugated to chelators show unique ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), chelate metals, and exit through the BBB with their corresponding complexed metal ions. This method may provide a safer and more effective means of reducing the metal load in neural tissue, thus attenuating the harmful effects of oxidative damage and its sequelae. Experimental procedures are presented in this chapter.
Label-free light-scattering sensors for high throughput screening of microbes in food

Abstract High throughput screening of food products for the presence of harmful pathogens would help reduce foodborne outbreaks and protect consumers from serious illnesses. This approach would expedite product testing and release and be economically attractive for food manufacturers. Elastic light scatter (ELS)-based high throughput colony screening methodology is introduced in this chapter. The system is derived from the photon-cell (colony) interaction between laser and colony microstructures/macrostructures, which results in unique ELS patterns and is saved in fingerprint libraries with automated quantitative analysis. The application of ELS to different types of bacterial genera shows excellent differentiability, which is suitable for prescreening of a massive number of Petri dishes for the presence of pathogens or determining the bacterial community profile in a food sample.
Practical Diversified Recommendations on YouTube with Determinantal Point Processes

Many recommendation systems produce result sets with large numbers of highly similar items. Diversifying these results is often accomplished with heuristics, which are impoverished models of users' desire for diversity. However, integrating more complex statistical models of diversity into large-scale, mature systems is challenging. Without a good match between the model's definition of diversity and users' perception of diversity, the model can easily degrade users' perception of the recommendations. In this work we present a statistical model of diversity based on determinantal point processes (DPPs). We train this model from examples of user preferences with a simple procedure that can be integrated into large and complex production systems relatively easily. We use an approximate inference algorithm to serve the model at scale, and empirical results on live YouTube homepage traffic show that this model, coupled with a re-ranking algorithm, yields substantial short- and long-term increases in user engagement.
EDUCAÇÃO E VIOLÊNCIA NA TEORIA CRÍTICA DE ADORNO

O presente estudo, de alicerce hermeneutico adorniano, objetiva debater o conceito de violencia apresentada por Adorno e suas inter-relacoes com a barbarie e a educacao. Adorno entende a violencia como constitutiva do ser humano e que no processo civilizatorio produzimos tambem a anticivilizacao. Nesse contexto, a educacao seria a imprescindivel para canalizar os impulsos sociais desagregadores e agressivos, direcionando para processos formativos de principios socioculturais. Debatemos que a funcao politica da educacao e de conscientizar, resistir e combater os modos de acao violentos, desiguais, injustos e desumanos operantes, para produzir a formacao cultural por meio do respeito ao outro, do reconhecimento reciproco e da valorizacao das diferencas. Concluimos que a escola precisa apropriar-se dos conhecimentos da tradicao cultural para superar as violencias de uma inclusao na exclusao (um eufemismo cruel diria Freire) e reestabelecer a cultura do dialogo formativo que passa pela sensibilidade social. EDUCATION AND VIOLENCE IN THE CRITICAL THEORY OF ADORNO The present study, with an adornmental hermeneutic foundation, aims to discuss the concept of violence presented by Adorno and its interrelations with barbarism and education. Adorno understands violence as constitutive of the human being and that in the civilizing process we also produce anticivilization. In this context, education would be essential to channel disaggregating and aggressive social impulses, directing to formative processes of socio-cultural principles. We debate that the political function of education is to raise awareness, resist and combat violent, unequal, unjust and inhuman ways of action, to produce cultural formation through respect for the other, reciprocal recognition and appreciation of differences. We conclude that the school needs to appropriate the knowledge of cultural tradition to overcome the violence of inclusion in exclusion (a cruel euphemism Freire) and reestablish the culture of the formative dialogue that passes through social sensitivity.
Earth's Volcanoes and Their Eruptions: An Overview

Volcanoes are not random phenomena, but owe their existence, location, morphology, and eruptive styles to tectonic plate motions. Volcanic landforms vary widely in size and morphology from the stereotypical towering glacier-clad stratovolcano. They range from small spatter cones to massive shield volcanoes several thousand cubic kilometers in volume or broad volcanic depressions, cinder cones being the most common volcanic construct. Their eruptions likewise span many orders of magnitude in volume. Evaluation of eruption magnitudes and frequencies contrasts the vast majority of mild-to-moderate eruptions (∼80% with volcanic explosivity index, or VEI ≤2) with the more infrequent larger, higher-impact events (5% with VEI ≥4). Increased risk from population growth in proximity to volcanoes has been mitigated by enhanced monitoring and hazard-reduction efforts.
Fluid–Structure Interaction Analysis of Bioprosthetic Heart Valves: the Application of a Computationally-Efficient Tissue Constitutive Model

This paper builds on a recently developed computationally tractable material model merged with an immersogeometric fluid–structure interaction methodology for bioprosthetic heart valve modeling and simulation. Our main objective is to enable improved application of the use of exogenous crosslinked tissues in prosthesis design through computational methods by utilizing physically realistic constitutive models. To enhance constitutive modeling, valve leaflets are modeled with a computationally efficient phenomenological constitutive relation stemmed from a full structural model to explore the influence of incorporating a high-fidelity material model for the leaflets. We call this phenomenological version as the effective model. This effective model constitutive form is incorporated in the context of the isogeometric analysis to develop an efficient fluid–structure interaction method for thin shell structure of the leaflet tissues. The implementation is supported by representative simulations showing the applicability and usefulness of our effective material model in heart valve simulation framework.
A Pathway for Developing Postoperative Opioid Prescribing Best Practices.

Objective Opioid prescriptions after surgery are effective for pain management but have been a significant contributor to the current opioid epidemic. Our objective is to review pragmatic approaches to develop and implement evidence-based guidelines based on a learning health system model. Summary background data During the last 2 years there has been a preponderance of data demonstrating that opioids are overprescribed after surgery. This contributes to a number of adverse outcomes, including diversion of leftover pills in the community and rising rates of opioid use disorder. Methods We conducted a MEDLINE/PubMed review of published examples and reviewed our institutional experience in developing and implementing evidence-based postoperative prescribing recommendations. Results Thirty studies have described collecting data regarding opioid prescribing and patient-reported use in a cohort of 13,591 patients. Three studies describe successful implementation of opioid prescribing recommendations based on patient-reported opioid use. These settings utilized learning health system principles to establish a cycle of quality improvement based on data generated from routine practice. Key components of this pathway were collecting patient-reported outcomes, identifying key stakeholders, and continual assessment. These pathways were rapidly adopted and resulted in a 37% to 63% reduction in prescribing without increasing requests for refills or patient-reported pain scores. Conclusion A pathway for creating evidence-based opioid-prescribing recommendations can be utilized in diverse practice environments and can lead to significantly decreased opioid prescribing without adversely affecting patient outcomes.
From Statehouse to Courthouse: Legislative Professionalism and High Court Auditing Behavior

Objectives The objective of this article is to determine whether the institutional resources available to state legislatures impact the cases that a state's court of last resort chooses to hear. Specifically, does legislative professionalism influence the number of cases the court audits that reference an act of the legislature? Method I use time‐series cross‐sectional analysis to examine over 10,000 cases for 44 state courts from 1998 to 2009. Results I find that courts of last resort in states low in legislative professionalism tend to hear a greater number of cases that reference the legislature than states higher in professionalism, even after controlling for confounders such as ideological disagreement and judicial resources. Conclusion This suggests that state supreme courts offer themselves a disproportionate influence in public policy in states with low professionalism legislatures relative to those with lawmakers more capable of authoring litigation‐proof legislation.
Viral genetic diversity and its potential contributions to the development and progression of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) disease.

Neonatal infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 or 2 presents a devastating burden to new parents due to the unpredictability of severe clinical outcomes as well as the potential for lifelong viral reactivation. While just under half of neonatal HSV infections have mild clinical impacts akin to the skin lesions observed in adults, the other half of these infants experience viral spread throughout the body (disseminated infection) and/or the brain (central nervous system infection). Here we summarize current data on clinical diagnostic measures, antiviral therapy, and known aspects of human host biology that contribute to the distinct neonatal outcomes of HSV infection. We then explore recent new data on how viral genetic diversity between infections may impact clinical outcomes. Further research will be critical to build upon these early findings and to provide statistical power to our ability to discern and/or predict the potential clinical course of a given neonatal infection.
97 – ETHANOL FERMENTATION IN A YEAST IMMOBILIZED COLUMN FERMENTOR

A yeast immobilized column fermentor offers a number of advantages over the present batch, continuous stirred-tank and tower fermentors. These include, higher cell densities, the ability to handle high sugar concentrations and minimization of product inhibition. This paper summarizes our preliminary study on the kinetics of physical immobilization of yeast in a packed column and the performance of an immobilized cell tubular fermentor (ICTF) utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL-Y-132 to convert a synthetic glucose medium to ethanol.
Bone marrow involvement with Merkel cell carcinoma

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but highly aggressive cutaneous tumour. Most tumours occur in the head and neck, extremities or torso and 36% of them involve the face. Bone marrow involvement in MCC is rare and to our knowledge only nine cases reported in the English literature. Bone marrow biopsy is not usually performed to stage MCC; thus, the true incidence of bone marrow involvement may be under-reported. The majority of the cases reported in the literature have some form of immunosuppression, which suggests a strong association. We report a case of extensive bone marrow involvement from MCC in an 80-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with adalimumab, methotrexate and prednisone. It may be prudent to include bone marrow biopsy in the staging of MCC in immune-compromised patients.
Novel Use of Telepalliative Care in a New York City Emergency Department During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Abstract Background Coronavirus-2 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. As of August 21, mortality from COVID-19 has reached almost 200,000 people, with the United States leading the globe in levels of morbidity and mortality. Large volumes of high-acuity patients, particularly those of advanced age and with chronic comorbidities, have significantly increased the need for palliative care resources beyond usual capacity. More specifically, COVID-19 has changed the way we approach patient and family member interactions. Discussion Concern for nosocomial spread of this infection has resulted in strict visitation restrictions that have left many patients to face this illness, make difficult decisions, and even die, alone in the hospital. To meet the needs of COVID patients, services such as Emergency Medicine and Palliative Care have responded rapidly by adopting novel ways of practicing medicine. We describe the use of telepalliative medicine (TM) implemented in an emergency department (ED) setting to allow family members the ability to interact with their loved ones during critical illness, and even during the end of life. Use of this technology has helped facilitate goals of care discussions, in addition to providing contact and closure for both patients and their loved ones. Conclusion We describe our rapid and ongoing implementation of TM consultation for our ED patients and discuss lessons learned and recommendations for others considering similar care models.
Notes on Abandonment

If references to ‘abandonment’ have proliferated in relation to a wide range of recent political discourses, journalistic reports, ethnographic accounts, and social commentaries, the essay argues that the assumptions and presuppositions inherent in the deployment of abandonment as a term often remain obscure and deeply ambiguous, dissimulated amidst the very ease with which this proliferation of references find their contemporary resonance and appropriate relevance. The essay thus seeks to address and engage these very assumptions and presuppositions, opening up paths in which abandonment might find some renewed sense of its conceptual consequence or critical import. At the same time, the essay addresses: (1) how references to abandonment might begin to relate to a more established set of discourses foregrounding questions of precarity and precarious life and (2) how Jean-Luc Nancy and Giorgio Agamben’s respective understandings of abandonment might open up new ways of thinking abandonment, not as a ‘condition’ or bound to a dialectic of security and stability but as an opening towards questions of law, freedom, and excess (‘a profusion of possibles’).
Metagenome-Assembled Genome Sequence of Vulcanococcus sp. Strain Clear-D1, Assembled from a Cyanobacterial Enrichment Culture.

ABSTRACT We report the metagenome-assembled genome sequence of a Vulcanococcus sp. binned from a cyanobacterial enrichment culture. The genome contains 39 contigs comprising 2.96 Mbp and is estimated as 100% complete, with a GC content of 63.9% and 3,261 predicted coding genes.
CacheInspector: Reverse Engineering Cache Resources in Public Clouds

Infrastructure-as-a-Service cloud providers sell virtual machines that are only specified in terms of number of CPU cores, amount of memory, and I/O throughput. Performance-critical aspects such as cache sizes and memory latency are missing or reported in ways that make them hard to compare across cloud providers. It is difficult for users to adapt their application’s behavior to the available resources. In this work, we aim to increase the visibility that cloud users have into shared resources on public clouds. Specifically, we present CacheInspector, a lightweight runtime that determines the performance and allocated capacity of shared caches on multi-tenant public clouds. We validate CacheInspector’s accuracy in a controlled environment, and use it to study the characteristics and variability of cache resources in the cloud, across time, instances, availability regions, and cloud providers. We show that CacheInspector’s output allows cloud users to tailor their application’s behavior, including their output quality, to avoid suboptimal performance when resources are scarce.
Basal forebrain magnocellular cholinergic systems are damaged in mice following neonatal hypoxia-ischemia.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) causes lifelong neurologic disability. Despite the use of therapeutic hypothermia, memory deficits and executive functions remain severely affected. Cholinergic neurotransmission from the basal forebrain to neocortex and hippocampus is central to higher cortical functions. We examined the basal forebrain by light microscopy and reported loss of choline acetyltransferase-positive (ChAT)+ neurons, at postnatal day (P) 40, in the ipsilateral medial septal nucleus (MSN) after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in mice. There was no loss of ChAT+ neurons in the ipsilateral nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM) and striatum. Ipsilateral striatal and nbM ChAT+ neurons were abnormal with altered immunoreactivity for ChAT, shrunken and crenated somas, and dysmorphic appearing dendrites. Using confocal images with 3D reconstruction, nbM ChAT+ dendrites in HI mice were shorter than sham (p = .0001). Loss of ChAT+ neurons in the MSN directly correlated with loss of ipsilateral hippocampal area. In the nbM and striatum, percentage of abnormal ChAT+ neurons correlated with loss of ipsilateral cerebral cortical and striatal area, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity increased in adjacent ipsilateral cerebral cortex and hippocampus and the increase was linearly related to loss of cortical and hippocampal area. Numbers and size of cathepsin D+ lysosomes increased in large neurons in the ipsilateral nbM. After neonatal HI, abnormalities were found throughout the major cholinergic systems in relationship to amount of forebrain area loss. There was also an upregulation of cathepsin D+ particles within the nbM. Cholinergic neuropathology may underlie the permanent dysfunction in learning, memory, and executive function after neonatal brain injury.
Functional Polymers V. Preparation and Polymerization of Methyl 4-Vinylsalicylate, 4-Vinylsalicylic Acid and 4-Vinylacetylsalicylic Acid

Methyl 4-vinylsalicylate, 4-vinylsalicylic acid, and 4-vinylacetylsalicylic acid were prepared in overall yields of 28%, 21 % and 16%, respectively, starting with 3-ethylphenol. Radical polymerization of all three monomers was investigated. Methyl 4-vinylsalicylate and 4-vinylsalicylic acid polymerized normally via radical initiation, giving soluble polymers of high molecular weight. 4-Vinylacetylsalicylic acid gave gelled polymerization mixtures in tert-butanol and in dimethyl sulfoxide, using the same experimental procedure; this was shown to be a result of intermolecular transesterification during polymerization. A water-insoluble copper complex of poly(4-vinylsalicylic acid) was prepared. Methyl 4-vinylacetylsalicylate was also synthesized, in 35% yield, but no polymerization experiments were performed with this monomer. These new polymeric salicylic acid derivatives are of interest as ultraviolet stabilizers, as protective agents for the skin, as metal-complexing agents, and as potential medicinal agents.
Ozone uptake by ponderosa pine in the Sierra Nevada: A measurement perspective

Abstract Measurements of ozone (O3) deposition to sensitive forested ecosystems are needed to understand the processes controlling deposition, to quantify the physiologically relevant fraction of the total deposition, and to provide data sets for developing and testing deposition models. Ozone deposition to an ecosystem can occur through stomatal uptake, non-stomatal deposition, or through gas phase chemical reactions in the forest canopy. A variety of measurement approaches are needed to separate these terms. In this chapter we discuss approaches for measuring or estimating O3 deposition at the leaf, soil, plant, ecosystem, and landscape scales. We then summarize major results from several years of measurements in a Sierra Nevada ponderosa pine plantation, showing that O3 uptake was reduced by approximately 40% due to summer drought even in a relatively wet El Nino year, that significant interannual changes in O3 uptake occur due to climatically driven changes in timing of phenology and moisture availability, that only 37% of total annual O3 deposition occurs in summer, and that stomatal uptake accounts for less than half the ecosystem scale O3 deposition in summer. We then put our Sierra Nevada O3 deposition measurements in perspective by comparing our results with measured O3 deposition velocity for sites outside the Sierra Nevada and by comparing ecosystem scale fluxes of O3 to other trace gases. We conclude with a discussion of future needs for understanding O3 deposition in the Sierra Nevada.
"Still me on the inside, trapped": Embodied Captivity and Ethical Narrative in Leslie Feinberg's Stone Butch Blues

Leslie Feinberg's Stone Butch Blues , while widely recognized and celebrated as a groundbreaking portrayal of a transgendered protagonist at the time of its publication, has rarely been seriously considered as a novel. Regularly assumed to be a thinly disguised autobiography and generally considered too "sentimental" to rank as a serious literary accomplishment, Feinberg's text is considered politically and pedagogically effective, but not literarily or culturally significant. Such assessments, however, take for granted both the genre of "sentimental" fiction and its status as "unliterary," and, in so doing, obscure the way that Feinberg both draws upon and revises traditions of women's literature-particularly the captivity narrative-to produce and alter the genre's particular sentimental effects. Understanding the way that Feinberg has constructed this deeply affective narrative is significant not only for our understanding of hir transgender protagonist, but for our approach to "multicultural" literatures more broadly. I would like to argue that Feinberg's revision of the captivity narrative is a pioneering and significant example of narrative that manages to represent a "minority" body without allowing that body to become rhetorical, symbolic, or displaced. In presenting readers with the opportunity for ethical contact, in Levinas's sense of the word, Feinberg eschews the focus on ethical content that has characterized, and limited, early approaches to multicultural curriculums and pedagogies, including the study of "minority" sexualities.
The impact of Prenatal Care Coordination on birth outcomes.

ABSTRACT Objective To measure the impact of a Medicaid benefit called Prenatal Care Coordination (PNCC) on healthy birth outcomes. Design A cross sectional design was used to compare the birth outcomes of infants born to women who received Medicaid and PNCC services to the birth outcomes of infants born to women who received Medicaid but did not receive PNCC services. Setting Services were provided in community based settings in Wisconsin. Participants Of the 45,406 Medicaid births in 2001 to 2002, 10,715 (23.6%) mothers received PNCC services and were considered the treatment group. Methods Secondary analyses of birth certificate and Medicaid billing data were conducted using binary logistic regression analyses to evaluate the impact of PNCC and the hours of PNCC service on birth outcomes. Results Controlling for nine covariates, women who received PNCC services were found to have significantly better birth outcomes, including fewer low‐birth‐weight infants (odds ratio [OR]=0.84; 95% CI [.777, .912]), fewer very‐low‐birth‐weight infants (OR=0.70; 95% CI [.587, .855]), fewer preterm infants (OR=0.83; 95% CI [.776, .890]), and fewer infants transferred to the neonatal intensive care units (OR=.83; 95% CI [.759, .906]).Women who received 6 or more hours of service were less likely to deliver infants with poor birth outcomes. Conclusions The use of PNCC is an effective strategy for preventing adverse birth outcomes.Strategies to further enhance PNCC's positive benefits include increased outreach and engagement with at risk pregnant women.
Railway commodity movements between New South Wales and Victoria: The 1960 pre‐standardisation situation

(1963). Railway commodity movements between New South Wales and Victoria. Australian Geographer: Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 88-96.
Shake‐table tests of a three‐story reinforced concrete frame with masonry infill walls

SUMMARY This paper presents the shake-table tests of a 2/3-scale, three-story, two-bay, reinforced concrete frame infilled with unreinforced masonry walls. The specimen is representative of the construction practice in California in the 1920s. The reinforced concrete frame had nonductile reinforcement details and it was infilled with solid masonry walls in one bay and infill walls with window openings in the other bay. The structure was subjected to a sequence of dynamic tests including white-noise base excitations and 14 scaled historical earthquake ground motion records of increasing intensity. The performance of the structure was satisfactory considering the seismic loads it was subjected to. The paper summarizes the design of the specimen and the major findings from the shake-table tests, including the dynamic response, the load resistance, the evolution of damage, and the final failure mechanism. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
AGM1+ spleen cells contain gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) gene transcripts in the early, sex-dependent production of IFN-gamma after picornavirus infection.

Encephalomyocarditis D variant (EMCV-D)-infected spleen cell cultures prepared from diabetes-resistant ICR Swiss female mice produce more gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) activity over a 24-h period than do spleen cell cultures from diabetes-susceptible male mice of this strain. Pretreatment of mice with anti-asialo GM1 eliminates early in vitro IFN-gamma production from 4 to 16 h postinfection (p.i.) and reduces IFN-gamma production from 16 to 24 h p.i. In this study, depletion of spleen cells with anti-Thy-1 by panning greatly reduced IFN-gamma activity in EMCV-D-infected spleen cell cultures throughout a 24-h period. Populations of asialo GM1 (AGM1), L3T4, and Lyt-2-positive cells were isolated from cells harvested at 9 h p.i. from EMCV-D-infected spleen cell cultures by a modified panning technique on polystyrene microscope slides. By in situ hybridization with a [35S]dATP-labeled IFN-gamma cDNA probe, only the AGM1-bearing cells were found to contain detectable IFN-gamma gene transcripts. An AGM1+, Thy-1+ natural killer-like cell is the probable producer of the early, sex-dependent IFN-gamma activity in this system. Images
Design of an assembly planning system using unsupervised learning algorithm

An efficient approach using an unsupervised learning algorithm to generate assembly plans is proposed. Two algorithms, pattern clustering and retrieval algorithm (PCRA) and pattern adaptation algorithm (PAA), are presented, and are applied to a container assembly example. The symbolic knowledge slots adaptation is implemented in C language integrated production system (CLIPS). Assembly plans are encoded into patterns and fed into the designed self-organizing neural network. Based on the defined function, similar assembly plants automatically form a cluster. When a similar assembly plan is given, it can retrieve the appropriate cluster to identify the most approximate assembly pattern for adaptation. >
Classical and Quantal Scattering. I. The Classical Action

Classical scattering is based on the action A = S − S0, where S is the action over the actual trajectory and S0 is over the equivalent without interaction. For two‐body spherical potential scattering A = Δ(L, E) − LΘ, where Θ is the deflection angle and Δ is the classical phase, the classical limit of 2ℏδl (E). A new, rapidly convergent integral expression is given for Δ (L, E). From this is derived a convergent expansion in 1/E valid for fixed L≠O, and an equivalent form in 1/L valid for fixed E. The lowest term in 1/L agrees with Massey and Mohr, and higher terms are evaluated.