cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
American Exception Hegemony and the Dissimulation of the State

This article is a critical examination of the dissimulation and the disaggregation of the state in the context of U.S. hegemony. The account builds on dual state theory which posits that alongside the “democratic state,” there exists an authoritarian “security state.” America’s post–World War II hegemony has been accompanied by the rise of a security state operating in a de facto state of emergency, ostensibly to combat global Communist/terrorist conspiracy. The term developed here to describe this phenomenon is exceptionism. Finally, this article examines the prospect of a supra-national deep state and theorizes about the implications of a tripartite state.
Red Blood Cell Transfusion Therapy

This article describes the characteristics of alloantibodies associated with accelerated in vivo red cell destruction, pretransfusion tests performed to detect these antibodies, and the resolution of the incompatible crossmatch. Current transfusion practices, the indications for, and the complications of red cell transfusions are discussed.
Plasma jet printing of electronic materials on flexible and nonconformal objects.

We present a novel approach for the room-temperature fabrication of conductive traces and their subsequent site-selective dielectric encapsulation for use in flexible electronics. We have developed an aerosol-assisted atmospheric pressure plasma-based deposition process for efficiently depositing materials on flexible substrates. Silver nanowire conductive traces and silicon dioxide dielectric coatings for encapsulation were deposited using this approach as a demonstration. The paper substrate with silver nanowires exhibited a very low change in resistance upon 50 cycles of systematic deformation, exhibiting high mechanical flexibility. The applicability of this process to print conductive traces on nonconformal 3D objects was also demonstrated through deposition on a 3D-printed thermoplastic object, indicating the potential to combine plasma printing with 3D printing technology. The role of plasma here includes activation of the material present in the aerosol for deposition, increasing the deposition ra...
Effects of ethacrynic acid and frusemide on urinary phosphate in the dog.

1. The renal excretion of phosphate was studied in dogs under control conditions and during infusion of ethacrynic acid or frusemide at different levels of filtered load. 2. Both of these diuretic compounds significantly enhanced the fractional excretion of phosphate at normal and moderately decreased filtered loads, and a good correlation between fractional excretions of sodium and phosphate could then be demonstrated. 3. When the blood flow to the left kidney was decreased by constricting the aorta below the right and above the left renal arteries, fractional excretion of phosphate decreased below control levels in the left kidney although that of sodium remained above pre-diuresis values. 4. The phosphaturic effect of ethacrynic acid and frusemide might be the result of a proximal site of action. The reversal of the phosphaturia by aortic constriction might have been caused by enhanced proximal reabsorption of phosphate and minimal delivery of this ion to the more distal sites of diuretic action.
Study on nosocomial infection sites of hospitalized children in Guangzhou

OBJECTIVE To explore the nosocomial infection sites in children′s hospital,to formulate the appropriate preventive measures according to the various characteristics of nosocomial infections in seasons and departments so as to effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.METHODS By the means of retrospective study,a total of 191 363 hospitalized patients from 1999 to 2009 were investigated,and the statistical analysis was performed.RESULTS There were 7105 case-times of nosocomial infections with the case-time infection rate of 3.71%,the infection sites were in order as follows upper respiratory tract(40.3%),gastrointestinal tract(26.29%),lower respiratory tract(17.13%);there was difference in the distribution of nosocomial infection sites in seasons and departments,November was the high peak season for gastrointestinal tract infections(44.99%),upper respiratory tract infections mainly distributed in most of the departments,and lower respiratory tract infections was dominant in ICU.CONCLUSION The corresponding prevention measures are developed to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections on the basis of the characteristics of nosocomial infections sites in the seasons and departments.
The effect of duration of hypothermic cardioplegia on ventricular function.

Hypothermic potassium cardioplegia with aortic cross-clamping is widely employed for myocardial preservation in a variety of cardiac surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the duration of cardioplegia on ventricular function in the late period after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Ventricular function was measured by radionuclide angiocardiography at rest and exercise before and an average of 5.8 months after elective CABG in 118 patients. The number of bypass grafts inserted ranged from one to six (mean 2.8 ± 1.0). The duration of the single period of aortic cross-clamping with cold potassium cardioplegia ranged from 4 to 130 minutes (mean 48 ± 26). The duration of aortic occlusion did not correlate with the postoperative change in ejection fraction (EF) measured during rest (r = 0.11) or during exercise (r = 0.06). Revascularization did not change the resting EF in the entire group (0.60 ± 0.12 before, 0.61 ± 0.13 after). Moreover, there was no difference in resting EF in the 34 patients with cross-clamp times greater than 60 minutes (0.59 ± 0.12 before, 0.60 ± 0.13 after) and in the 84 patients with cross-clamp times less than 60 minutes (0.60 ± 0.12 before, 0.61 ± 0.13 after). The exercise EF increased from 0.52 ± 0.13 before to 0.62 ± 0.15 after operation in the 118 patients, and the magnitude of increase was similar in patients with cross-clamp times less than and greater than 60 minutes. Multivariable analysis did not show any interrelationship of other operative characteristics to left ventricular function after CABG. These data conclusively demonstrate that for periods up to 130 minutes, the duration of hypothermic cardioplegia has no adverse effect on cardiac function during rest and exercise measured 5.8 months after CABG.
Interplay of Ion-Water and Water-Water Interactions within the Hydration Shells of Nitrate and Carbonate Directly Probed with 2D IR Spectroscopy.

The long-range influence of ions in solution on the water hydrogen-bond (H-bond) network remains a topic of vigorous debate. Recent spectroscopic and theoretical studies have, for the most part, reached the consensus that weakly coordinating ions only affect water molecules in the first hydration shell. Here, we apply ultrafast broadband two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy to aqueous nitrate and carbonate in neat H2O to study the solvation structure and dynamics of ions on opposite ends of the Hofmeister series. By exciting both the water OH stretches and ion stretches and probing the associated cross-peaks between them, we are afforded a comprehensive view into the complex nature of ion hydration. We show in aqueous nitrate that weak ion–water H-bonding leads to water–water interactions in the ion solvation shells dominating the dynamics. In contrast, the carbonate CO stretches show significant mixing with the water OH stretches due to strong ion–water H-bonding such that the water and ion mode...
Contemporary Issues in Historical Perspective

The evolution of resource access and denial in strategic thought and practice has followed a pattern of increasing scope and intensity, keeping pace with the expanding scope and intensity of conflict generally, and the increasing dependence of war economies on raw material imports, particularly since the rise of industrial or ‘mobilization’ warfare. Early instances of the attack or protection of trade, with the object of restricting or securing sources of revenue, and thus the capacity for financing military establishments and operations, led to campaigns and policies aimed directly at restricting or assuring the flow of militarily important materials—for instance, naval timber in the 18th century, oil and strategic minerals in the 20th. Ultimately, resource-related strategy during the two world wars came to embrace the attack and protection of resources vital for the functioning of war economies and societies as a whole.
The Potential for Change in Rehabilitation and Reentry for Behaviorally and Mentally Disordered Offenders in the Post-Affordable Care Act and Second Chance Act Health Care Climate

The United States has the highest incarceration rate among developed nations. With more than half of offenders estimated to have mental illness or addiction, correctional systems are the largest de-facto mental and behavioral health service providers. Correctional facilities are often poorly equipped to serve as treatment facilities and are limited in scope of services due to budgetary restrictions. Historically, the coordination of care during release from jails and prisons is insufficient to secure efficient and uninterrupted care. With low continuity of community-based services during reentry periods, offenders are more likely to become caught in the revolving door of the criminal justice system. Specialty courts and new treatment and reentry models have emerged from evidence-based roots over the past decades, though such approaches have yet to become ubiquitous fixtures in the justice system. The cost of disease burden remains substantial, and large-scale implementation of evidence-based reentry has yet to become a staple of the justice system. In 2014, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) made affordable health care plans and Medicaid coverage available to justice-involved individuals, expanding the possibilities for transitional care. This article reviews the current state of mental and behavioral health care for offender populations, evidence-based models for improving reentry processes, the economic impact of mental and behavioral disorders in justice-involved populations, directions for the future of treatment and reentry, and the implications of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) for bringing about long-term change in the systemic approach to high-need offenders.
Upper Permian crinoids from Djebel Tebaga, Tunisia

A small crinoid fauna of Guadalupian age is described from the Djebel Tebaga area of southern Tunisia. The crinoids are associated with sponge-rich bioherms and are judged to have lived in shallow but gently agitated waters. Unusual adaptations include an unusual stem type, ascribed to Tetrabrachiocrinus, in which the normal columnals are surrounded by an outer layer of small plates here called plinths. The fauna includes two camerate crinoids, ?Paragaricocrinus yakovlevi n. sp., and an unusual new genus related to dichocrinids, Tunisiacrinus imitator n. sp., that is a homeomorph of the inadunate Tetrabrachiocrinus, and is assigned here to a new family. Two new mespilocrinid flexible crinoids are present, Trinalicrinus tunisiensis n. gen., n. sp., which has affinities with Timor Permian crinoids, and Strobocrinus brachiatus n. gen., n. sp., that is evolutionarily advanced in lacking an anal plate in the posterior interray. The fauna shows relationship to Permian crinoids described from Sicily and Timor, but may be younger than these other Permian faunas.
An Analysis of the Complete Genome Sequence and Subgenomic RNAs Reveals Unique Features of the Ampelovirus, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1.

Despite being the first closterovirus documented in grapevines (Vitis sp.), the molecular biology of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1, genus Ampelovirus, family Closteroviridae) is st...
Development of a Mesoscale Fiberoptic Rotation Sensor for a Torsion Actuator

This letter presents the development of a mesoscale fiberoptic rotation sensor with a diameter of 8 mm for a shape memory alloy (SMA) torsion actuator for neurosurgical applications. Within the sensor, a rotary head with a reflecting surface is capable of modulating the light intensity collected by optical fibers when the rotary head is coupled to the torsion actuator. The mechanism of light intensity modulation is modeled, followed by experimental model verification. Meanwhile, working performances for different rotary head designs, optical fibers, and fabrication materials are compared. After the calibration of the fiberoptic rotation sensor, the sensor is capable of precisely measuring rotary motion and controlling the SMA torsion actuator with feedback control.
Impact of Service-Learning Courses with a Social Justice Curriculum on Development of Social Responsibility among College Students

In this study, six service-learning courses with different levels of social justice emphasis in the curricula were studied to examine whether the social justice emphasis has a significant impact on college students’ development of social responsibility. Results suggest that: service-learning courses with a social justice emphasis in the curriculum had a positive impact on students’ development of participatory and justice-oriented social responsibility while service-learning course without such an emphasis did not have any impact on the development of any kind of social responsibility.
Monoclonal antibodies to surface and extracellular antigens of a fungal plant pathogen, Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea, recognize specific carbohydrate epitopes

Abstract A library of monoclonal antibodies was produced to both extracellular glycoproteins and purified mycelial walls from the fungus Phytophthora megasperma f.sp. glycinea , the causal agent of root rot in soybeans ( Glycine max L. Merr.). More than 44 independent monoclonal antibodies were characterized for binding to antigens from several races of P. megasperma f.sp. glycinea . The monoclonal antibodies fell into 11 epitope groups based on pairwise antibody competitions. Competitive binding assays revealed dramatic differences between races and between different isolates of the same race, however none of the 11 immunodominant epitopes could be correlated with particular avirulence genes. The same immunodominant epitopes are found on both extracellular glycoproteins and mycelial walls from P. megasperma f.sp. glycinea . Chemical and enzymatic treatment of fungal antigens indicate that most of the monoclonal antibodies recognize carbohydrate epitopes. Competition analysis with carbohydrates of known structure revealed that monoclonal antibody VIII was specific for β-1,3 linked terminal glucosyl residues. Monoclonal antibody X was shown to recognize non-terminal stretches of β-1,3 linked glucosyl residues. Two of the monoclonal antibodies bound to elicitor preparations from walls of P. megasperma f.sp. glycinea , but not to an elicitor preparation from yeast.
Disentangling Mutual Fund Governance from Corporate Governance

This Article addresses mutual fund governance, explaining how in recent years it has become entangled with the norms of corporate governance. There are two essential features of mutual funds, however, that differentiate them fundamentally from ordinary corporations. First, mutual funds are not only separate legal entities; they are also financial products (or services). Mutual fund investors are therefore both shareholders and customers. This stands, of course, in marked contrast to ordinary corporations, whose shareholders and customers are two distinct and separate groups. Second, mutual funds are fundamentally different owing to the right of redemption, a right of investors to withdraw their capital. The right of redemption is not only a financial right, it is also essential to the governance of mutual funds, imposing direct discipline upon a fund’s adviser. In contrast, redemption rights are antithetical to the organizing principles of ordinary corporations, whose economic viability in the markets depends upon the ability to lock in shareholders’ capital. This Article examines how recent mutual fund rulemaking by the SEC rests on mistaken comparisons to corporate governance, and makes recommendations as to how the SEC can improve its approach. In particular, this Article proposes that the SEC take steps to allow two new types of mutual funds that can compete in the marketplace alongside traditional mutual funds. One type is the unitary investment fund, which would retain fund boards solely to serve as monitors of fund advisers’ legal and fiduciary duties, while leaving judgments over the competitiveness of an adviser’s fees to the marketplace. The other is a “crowdfunded” mutual fund that would allow for investors themselves, rather than investment advisers, to initiate and organize funds.
Intuitive Maneuver of Autonomous Vehicles without Physical Control Interfaces using Wearable Sensing Devices

Autonomous vehicles are more and more likely to eliminate steering wheels, gas/brake pedals and driving shifts. However, direct controls of such vehicle by human drivers are still necessary, especially when the vehicles fail to drive as well as expected. To this end, we propose an intuitive maneuvering approach for autonomous vehicles by using a wearable device which incorporates Electromyography (EMG) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals. Based on goal instructions and motion planning algorithms in this approach, humans can intuitively control the accelerator/brake, steering and driving shift of a vehicle using their hand motions and gestures. This approach was implemented by a series of driving experiments in practical cases on a lab-based research vehicle. Experimental results demonstrated that by taking advantages of intuitive operations in this approach, the human can successfully and effectively control the vehicle to accomplish driving tasks in the human-vehicle intuitive maneuver system.
From Narrative in Print to Narrative in Performance

This article examines the paradigm shift from analysing the biblical narratives in a modern print medium to the exploration of biblical narratives as witnesses to oral performances in an ancient oral/aural medium. Our modern print medium assumes a single author writing a fixed text to be read in private and in silence by individual readers. The ancient Mediterranean media world presumes the ethos of a predominantly oral culture, a strong role for memory, the activity of scribes writing on scrolls, and performances to communal audiences. All these factors work to shape communal identity. The article then offers examples from the Gospel of Mark of various features of an oral performance, how oral performances may have generated a rhetorical impact, and how we might use insights from such studies to reinterpret Mark in an oral ethos.Â Â
Building capacity for Public Health 3.0: introducing implementation science into an MPH curriculum.

Many public health programs fail because of an inability to implement tested interventions in diverse, complex settings. The field of implementation science is engaged in developing strategies for successful implementation, but current training is primarily researcher-focused. To tackle the challenges of the twenty-first century, public health leaders are promoting a new model titled Public Health 3.0 where public health practitioners become “chief health strategists” and develop interdisciplinary skills for multisector engagement to achieve impact. This requires broad training for public health practitioners in implementation science that includes the allied fields of systems and design thinking, quality improvement, and innovative evaluation methods. At UNC Chapel Hill’s Gillings School of Global Public Health, we created an interdisciplinary set of courses in applied implementation science for Master of Public Health (MPH) students and public health practitioners. We describe our rationale, conceptual approach, pedagogy, courses, and initial results to assist other schools contemplating similar programs. Our conceptual approach recognized the vital relationship between implementation research and practice. We conducted a literature review of thought leaders in public health to identify skill areas related to implementation science that are priorities for the future workforce. We also reviewed currently available training programs in implementation science to understand their scope and objectives and to assess whether any of these would be a fit for these priorities. We used a design focused implementation framework to create four linked courses drawing from multiple fields such as engineering, management, and the social sciences and emphasizing application through case studies. We validated the course content by mapping them to implementation science competencies in the literature. To date, there is no other program that provides comprehensive interdisciplinary skills in applied implementation science for MPH students. As of April 2018, we have offered a total of eleven sections of the four courses, with a total enrollment of 142, of whom 127 have been master’s-level students in the school of public health. Using Kirkpatrick’s Model, we found positive student reaction, learning, and behavior. Many students have completed applied implementation science focused practicums, master’s papers, and special studies. A systematically designed interdisciplinary curriculum in applied implementation science for MPH students has been found by students to be a useful set of skills. Students have demonstrated the capability to master this material and incorporate it into their practicums and master’s papers.
Energy and water efficiency in LEED: How well are LEED points linked to climate outcomes?

Abstract Buildings contribute to climate change and other environmental harms, largely through resource use. Reducing demand for resources like energy and water has become a major goal of sustainable building. Green building rating systems like Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) present normative pathways to sustainability by rewarding certain types of activity deemed “sustainable.” One challenge is that rewards are often delinked from environmental outcomes. We demonstrate this delinkage with a California case study that shows variability in the implied carbon dioxide avoided per LEED energy or water efficiency point can span multiple orders of magnitude, even for similar building contexts. This variability is related both to issues that LEED already considers, like building type, and to supply chain issues not directly considered in LEED, like the electricity fuel mix for buildings and water infrastructure. Additional variability comes from the structure of point allocation itself. We suggest that in order to fulfill LEED's goal of improving linkages between points and priority outcomes, future iterations can and should more directly account for interconnected systems and supply chains, with a particular focus on regional context. Such a change would extend existing practice for LEED Material and Resources credits and Regional Priority credits.
Cultura política y política cultural en los estudios mexicanos

Se discute el trabajo de un grupo interdisciplinario de autores, que a partir de mediados de los ochenta han intentado comprender la formacion del Estado mexicano posrevolucionario, enfocando su atencion en la cultura popular, generalmente en un contexto regional o local. Su trabajo se halla representado del modo mas conciso en el volumen editado por Gilber Joseph y Daniel Nugent, Everyday Forms of State Formation: Revolution and the Negotiation of Rule in Modern Mexico .
Acceptability and Perceived Utility of Telemedical Consultation during Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation: A Multicenter Survey

Rationale: Many clinicians who participate in or lead in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) resuscitations lack confidence for this task or worry about errors. Well-led IHCA resuscitation teams deliver better care, but expert resuscitation leaders are often unavailable.Objectives: To determine the acceptability and perceived utility of using telemedicine technology to enable remote IHCA resuscitation participation by a critical care physician.Methods: We conducted an electronic, anonymous survey of nurses and attending physicians likely to participate in IHCA resuscitation at 21 hospitals in Utah and Idaho.Results: Complete survey responses were received from 855 (59%) of 1,442 clinicians contacted, of whom 764 met all eligibility criteria. Respondents were more likely to prefer that telemedicine physicians take an active role during IHCA events on the ward (83%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 77-88%) or intensive care unit (ICU; 66% [95% CI, 48-81%]) than the emergency department (53% [95% CI, 44-62%]), with most favorable responses recommending the telemedicine physician act as assistant/advisor ("copilot") for the on-site team. The majority of respondents expected a telemedical copilot for IHCA teams to exert a positive or neutral effect on patient care (51% [95% CI, 44-59%] and 33% [95% CI, 30-37%], respectively). Overall, 41% (95% CI, 31-51%) of respondents favored adding a telemedical critical care physician as IHCA team "copilot," 35% (95% CI, 30-40%) were neutral, and 24% (95% CI, 18-32%) were opposed. Clinicians based at smaller hospitals or on the ward or ICU were most likely to foresee beneficial effects from a telemedicine physician "copilot."Conclusions: ICU- and, especially, ward-based IHCA resuscitation teams at community and rural hospitals were amenable to adding a telemedical critical care physician consultant as IHCA team "copilot." Respondents expected the greatest benefits for IHCA events occurring on the wards.
Abstract 516: GRK5 Regulates Cardiac Fibroblast Differentiation and Fibrosis

Pathological remodeling of the heart is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) and these structural changes further perpetuate the disease. Cardiac fibroblasts are the critical cell type that is responsi...
Poster: Characterizing the performance of WiFi in dense IoT deployments

With the advent of the internet of things, the number of wireless devices and the amount of wireless data traffic is increasing at an unprecedented rate. By 2020, the number of connected devices per person is expected to exceed 6.58. Due to the ubiquitous availability of IEEE 802.11n/ac (i.e., WiFi) in most modern homes and enterprise environments, the majority of the new home and enterprise-focused IoT devices that are entering the market use IEEE 802.11n/ac to connect to the internet. Our literature survey revealed that there are no prior measurement studies on the performance of IEEE 802.11n/ac’s MAC in dense IoT environments. Thus, in this paper, we conduct a comprehensive measurement study of various aspects of IEEE 802.11n/ac’s MAC using real IoT devices and realistic IoT workloads and present several useful observations that demonstrate the need to revise some of the key aspects of IEEE 802.11n/ac’s MAC to make it suitable for dense IoT environments. We conducted our study on a real testbed comprising a large number of Raspberry Pis deployed in a real-world environment and studied the impact of the density and type of IoT traffic on the throughput and frame aggregation sizes of the wireless system. We further studied the impact of TCP’s congestion control mechanism on the performance of IEEE 802.11n/ac’s MAC.
Characterizing Metal-Dependent Nucleases of CRISPR-Cas Prokaryotic Adaptive Immunity Systems

CRISPRs (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats), together with the nearby CRISPR-associated (cas) operon, constitute a prokaryotic RNA-based adaptive immune system against exogenous genetic elements. Here, we describe nuclease assays that are useful for characterizing the substrate-specific function of CRISPR-associated protein Cas2. We also provide methods for characterizing the stoichiometry and affinity between Cas2 and divalent metal ions using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).
Association Between Entrustable Professional Activities and Milestones Evaluations: Real-time Assessments Correlate With Semiannual Reviews

Objective Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) have been developed to refine competency-based education. The American Board of Surgery has initiated a 2-year pilot study to evaluate the impact of EPAs on the evaluation and feedback of surgical residents. The ACGME Milestones in Surgery is a semiannual competency-based evaluation program to measure resident progression through 16 professional attributes across 8 practice domains. The correlation between these 2 evaluation tools remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate this correlation through comparison of an EPA with the corresponding elements of the ACGME Milestones. Design From July, 2018 to October, 2019, all residents submitting EPA evaluations for gall bladder disease were evaluated for preoperative, intraoperative, and/or postoperative entrustability. The ratings were converted to a numerical rank from 0 to 4. Milestones scores from May 2019 and November 2019 were obtained for each resident, with scores ranging from 0 to 4. The gall bladder EPA incorporates the operative PC3 and MK2 and nonoperative PC1, PC2, and ICS3 components. Spearman rank correlation was conducted to evaluate the association between each resident's median EPA ranking and his/her milestones scores. Setting SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, a university-based hospital. Participants General surgery residents. Results Among 24 residents, 106 intraoperative EPA evaluations were. For both the May and November milestones, significant positive correlations were noted for PC3 (correlation coefficient ρ = 0.690, p Conclusions We observed significant correlations between EPAs for cholecystectomy and associated milestones evaluation scores. These findings indicate that EPAs may provide more timely and specific feedback than existing tools and, on aggregate, may improve upon existing formative feedback practices provided through the biannual evaluation of surgical residents.
An open interface in the pre-80S ribosome coordinated by ribosome assembly factors Tsr1 and Dim1 enables temporal regulation of Fap7.

During their maturation, nascent 40S subunits enter a translation-like quality control cycle, where they are joined by mature 60S subunits to form 80S-like ribosomes. While these assembly intermediates are essential for maturation and quality control, how they form, and how their structure promotes quality control, remains unknown. To address these questions, we determined the structure of an 80S-like ribosome assembly intermediate to an overall resolution of 3.4 A. The structure, validated by biochemical data, resolves a large body of previously paradoxical data and illustrates how assembly and translation factors cooperate to promote the formation of an interface that lacks many mature subunit contacts but is stabilized by the universally conserved methyltransferase Dim1. We also show how Tsr1 enables this interface by blocking the canonical binding of eIF5B to 40S subunits, while maintaining its binding to 60S. The structure also shows how this interface leads to unfolding of the platform, which allows for temporal regulation of the ATPase Fap7, thus linking 40S maturation to quality control during ribosome assembly.
Supporting Instructor Reflection on Employed Teaching Techniques via Multimodal Instructor Analytics

This work-in-progress in the Innovative Practice Category describes the use of multimodal data capture to inform instructors’ awareness of their activities in the classroom. Broadly construed, learning analytics is the collection and analysis of data in an educational context with the aim of improving educational outcomes. To capture a more wholistic characterization of an educational context, there has been increased interest in multimodal data such audio, gestures, positioning and movement. These data can characterize the content delivered and teaching techniques employed by the instructor. Instructor reflection on both may lead to improvements in instruction.Presented here is IATracer, a lightweight system for multi-modal instructor data capture consisting of a lavalier microphone paired with a positioning badge. The microphone captures classroom audio and using Google Cloud’s Speech-to-Text API with diarization, the instructor’s speech can be isolated and transcribed. Analysis of this text can provide insights into what topics were covered, for how long and what questions were asked. Additional analysis could provide the instructor feedback on the delivery (e.g., long monologues) and the level of student interaction (e.g., dialogue, questions directed towards students). Novel aspects of this work-in-progress include the lightweight, economical nature of the system and its use of Google Cloud services. The insights generated by the system will enable faculty to reflect upon their employed teaching techniques and the content of their interaction with students. Such reflection ensures alignment of employed technique with intent.
Development of Genome Editing Approaches against Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a herpesvirus that may cause cold sores or keratitis in healthy or immunocompetent individuals, but can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening complications in immune-immature individuals, such as neonates or immune-compromised patients. Like all other herpesviruses, HSV-1 can engage in lytic infection as well as establish latent infection. Current anti-HSV-1 therapies effectively block viral replication and infection. However, they have little effect on viral latency and cannot completely eliminate viral infection. These issues, along with the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains, pose a need to develop new compounds and novel strategies for the treatment of HSV-1 infection. Genome editing methods represent a promising approach against viral infection by modifying or destroying the genetic material of human viruses. These editing methods include homing endonucleases (HE) and the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR associated protein (Cas) RNA-guided nuclease system. Recent studies have showed that both HE and CRISPR/Cas systems are effective in inhibiting HSV-1 infection in cultured cells in vitro and in mice in vivo. This review, which focuses on recently published progress, suggests that genome editing approaches could be used for eliminating HSV-1 latent and lytic infection and for treating HSV-1 associated diseases.
Resolution of calcinosis using bisphosphonates in overlap syndrome - a case report.

Introduction Calcinosis cutis is a common complication of pediatric rheumatologic diseases. However, there is currently no consensus on first-line treatment. Bisphosphonates have been described as a successful treatment in several case studies, but most of these cases are limited to patients with isolated juvenile dermatomyositis or systemic sclerosis. Specifically, there are limited reports of their usefulness in treating overlap syndromes and mixed connective tissue disorders. Case presentation We describe the case of a 13 year-old girl with overlap syndrome with features of juvenile dermatomyositis and systemic lupus erythematosus. After 22 months of extensive immunosuppressive therapy, including monthly IVIG and Rituximab, she continued to have pain and weakness of the lower extremities. A CT scan was performed which showed significant multifocal soft tissue calcifications of the pelvis. She was started on treatment with oral alendronate with the goal of improving her calcinosis and improving her symptoms. After several months of therapy, our patient reported subjective improvement of her lower extremity pain and weakness, as well as complete resolution of abnormalities previously seen on physical examination. A repeat CT scan of the pelvis was performed after 11 months of therapy and demonstrated complete resolution of the previously seen calcinosis. Conclusions We report the successful treatment of soft tissue calcinosis with oral bisphosphonates in a patient with juvenile dermatomyositis-systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome. These results provide further evidence that bisphosphonates can be used successfully to treat calcinosis cutis in pediatric rheumatologic disorders. Additionally, the results provide new evidence that they can be used specifically in juvenile dermatomyositis-systemic lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome, which has not been previously reported.
Wang Meng and Self-censorship: Cultural Unity and Socialist Values in 1950s China

The early work and experience of writer (and later Minister of Culture) Wang Meng provides a useful study in the “slow creep” of active, optimistic efforts on behalf of both political authorities and the people to create a unified cultural subject, as they move toward a more recognisable form of censorship and control. Although parts of Wang Meng’s first novel Long live youth were published in the late 1950s, it was not published in its entirety until 1979. The plot revolves around a group of high school girls who value spontaneity and freedom, rather than discipline and organisation. The small group of main characters develop strategies of inclusion and exclusion, mimicking society at large while shielding themselves from the contamination of politics and national affairs. By the time he wrote the novella A Young Man Arrives at the Organization Department in 1956, Wang Meng had reformulated his protagonist to recognise the insidious danger of self-censorship. Lin Zhen retains the values of “good cheer” and hard work but falls into doubt and confusion. The story’s portrayal of Lin’s colleagues in the Organization Department as lazy, cautious, and unenthusiastic is also part of a literary investigation into the kind of censorship that is woven into daily work life, emerging from the structures of bureaucracy. 上世紀50年代曾任文化部長的王蒙寫的兩部小說《青春萬歲》和《組織部新來的年輕人》呈現了中國50年代積極向上的樂觀主義精神。 《青春萬歲》寫的是一群追崇自由，隨性爛漫，不喜被組織和紀律約束的高中女生。她們對他人包容和排斥的策略，既是當時社會制度和風氣的體現，又展示了年輕人未經政治風雨及世俗侵染的青春和純潔。 《組織部新來的年輕人》揭露了官僚機構中逐漸滲透到日常工作中的審查制度。王蒙塑造了一個能自我審查隱患的主角林震。雖然其組織部的同事在小說中被描述為懶惰、謹慎並缺乏熱忱，林震自己也時常陷入懷疑和困惑，但他保留了“打起精神”和努力工作的價值觀。通過研究王蒙這兩部小說中所展現出來的樂觀主義精神，本文揭示了那個時代的當權者和民眾是如何將這種樂觀向上的價值取向逐步演變成政治審查的要素，從而構建起一個統一的文化主題。
Subalpine tree seedlings: Assessing aging methodology and drivers of establishment

Abstract The recent impacts of climate change have threatened the health and functioning of forested ecosystems on a global scale. Widespread tree mortality from altered disturbance regimes creates significant uncertainty about tree recovery in subalpine ecosystems. Aging seedlings is an important mechanism for understanding tree regeneration, and when paired with long-term climate, can provide critical information on climatic drivers of subalpine tree establishment. In this study, we destructively sampled and aged 229 Picea engelmannii (Engelmann spruce) and Abies lasiocarpa (subalpine fir) seedlings from beetle-affected and postfire subalpine stands in northern Colorado and southern Wyoming. We modeled the relationship between nondestructive aging methods and seedling age to assess the accuracy of age proxies in predicting true age of seedlings. We compared climatic conditions between years with high tree seedling establishment and non-establishment years to ascertain regional drivers of subalpine tree seedling recruitment. Both height and terminal bud scar counts were significant predictors of seedling age, although correlations were weaker in older seedlings that exhibited suppressed growth. Growing season precipitation had a significant positive relationship with spruce-fir establishment while minimum temperatures, annual vapor pressure and climatic water deficits had significant negative correlations with subalpine tree establishment. Height and terminal bud scar counts do not accurately predict precise ages of subalpine tree establishment from beetle-affected stands but provide more accuracy in postfire tree establishment. Average climate conditions compared to long-term climate may provide suitable conditions for low-levels of tree establishment in subalpine stands. However, large spruce-fir establishment pulses occur in cooler and wetter growing years compared to the long-term average, posing significant uncertainty about new seedling recruitment in a warming world.
Partnership Taxation in Transition: Of Form and Substance and Economic Risk

The congressional mandate for revised regulations on liability allocation among partners was intended to prevent partners from allocating liabilities among themselves, and thus enabling them to claim deductions based on how the liabilities increased their outside bases in the partnership, without regard to whether they shared proportionately any economic risk of having to pay the liabilities. New regulations on partnership liability allocation, pretending fidelity to the legislative mandate, seem in important respects to condone liability sharing without regard to economic risk. This article argues that the safe harbor of the new regulations is best understood as limited by economic risk restrictions on liability allocations.
‘Something really weird has happened’: Losing the ‘big picture’ in emergency service calls

Abstract This paper is a single case analysis of an emergency service call in which the caller failed to convince the call taker that the request for service was urgent in what turned out to be a tragic event. The analysis of this call using the techniques and findings of conversation analysis reveals that the actions of both the call taker and the caller created an interactional context in which the “big picture” (the potential for danger), became repeatedly submerged in “small picture” details (such as the identity and location of the caller and her role in the situation). This paper builds on previous research on how callers can fail to construct convincing descriptions of the problem and extends this line of work by exploring how participants make or fail to make inferences in order to construct a gestalt or big picture of the event being reported, how participants manage events that unfold during the call, and how callers convey their identity and role in the situation.
The Effects of Gender in Neonatal Medicine

Publisher Summary In the fetal and neonatal periods and during infancy, males and females differ in at least three fundamental ways. First, males are more numerous; and their numerical superiority appears to be derived at conception or shortly thereafter. Second, males are larger than females and have higher metabolic rates. This difference also is apparent from very early fetal life, from the blastocyst stage, when the increased cell number and metabolism in males may, in fact, influence phenotypic sexual expression. Third, males have a higher mortality rate than females, are more susceptible to most diseases of infancy, and suffer disproportionately from their long-term consequences. This has been termed the “male disadvantage.” Each of these three major differences appears to involve the interplay of genetic, hormonal, metabolic, and perhaps evolutionary influences that are not yet well understood.
Epsilon: a visible light based positioning system

Exploiting the increasingly wide use of Light-emitting Diode (LED) lighting, in this paper, we study the problem of using visible LED lights for accurate localization. The basic idea is to leverage the existing lighting infrastructure and apply trilateration to localize any devices with light sensing capability (e.g., a smartphone), using LED lamps as anchors. Through the design of Epsilon, we identify and tackle several technique challenges. In particular, we establish and experimentally verify the optical channel model for localization. We adopt BFSK and channel hopping to enable reliable location beaconing from multiple, uncoordinated light sources over the shared optical medium. We handle realistic situations towards robust localization, for example, we exploit user involvement to resolve the ambiguity in case of insufficient LED anchors. We have implemented the Epsilon system and evaluated it with a small scale hardware testbed as well as moderate-size simulations. Experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of Epsilon: the 90th percentile accuracies are 0.4m, 0.7m and 0.8m for three typical office environments. Even in the extreme situation with a single light, the 90th percentile accuracy is 1.1m. We believe that visible light based localization is promising to significantly improve the positioning accuracy, despite few open problems in practice.
Goal Setting and Feedback in the Reduction of Heavy Drinking in Female College Students

The present study examines self-regulation variables (goals, feedback, goal commitment, efficacy, discrepancy) within the context of a brief intervention designed to decrease heavy drinking amongst college females. Participants (N = 76) were randomly assigned to one of six between subjects conditions created by crossing goal conditions (no goal, proximal goal, distal goal) with feedback conditions (feedback, no feedback), and were assessed across time on drinking behavior and self-regulation variables. Neither goal setting, feedback, nor the combination of goal setting and feedback were superior to assessment and information in the reduction of heavy drinking. The interaction of efficacy, commitment and discrepancy failed to add to the prediction of future drinking beyond that accounted for by current drinking behavior and the main effects of self-regulation variables in hierarchical regression analyses. Correlational analyses revealed a negative relationship between efficacy and commitment and future drinking behavior. Results are discussed in relation to theory, the college student environment, and the potential limited efficacy of individual level interventions within this environment.
5 – Rag GTPases in TORC1 Activation and Nutrient Signaling

I. Abstract Target of rapamycin (TOR) is a central regulator of cell growth conserved from yeast to mammals. TOR is a member of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase-related protein kinase family, which includes ATM, ATR, DNA-PK, and TOR [1] . In both yeast and human, TOR forms two distinct structural and functional complexes, TORCs. The mammalian TORC1 (mTORC1) consists of mTOR, raptor, mLST8, and PRAS40 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 while mTORC2 consists of mTOR, rictor, sin1, and mLTS8 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 . mTORC1 (at least part of the mTORC1 function) is potently inhibited by rapamycin while mTORC2 is not directly inhibited by rapamycin [11] . Characterized substrates of mTORC1 include the ribosomal S6 kinase (S6K), eukaryote initiation factor 4E binding protein (4EBP1) [12] , and the autophagy regulatory kinase ATG1 13 , 14 , 15 . Therefore, mTORC1 plays a critical role in translation, cell growth, and autophagy. In contrast, mTORC2 is required for phosphorylation of AKT [16] , SGK [17] , and conventional PKC 18 , 19 , suggesting that the two TOR complexes have different physiological functions. This chapter will mainly discuss the regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids and the role of Rag GTPases in nutrient response.
Model Reference Adaptive Control of Force in End Milling Operations

The model reference adaptive control approach is used here for the design of an adaptive control system for force control in end milling operations by feedrate manipulation. The expected benefit from such a control system is more efficient material removal. The proposed adaptive control system uses an on-line cutting process parameter estimation scheme which has performed successfully on experimental cuts. The controller form and adaptation mechanism are derived using MRAC formulation. The proposed adaptive controller is evaluated using a previously validated simulation of the end milling process. It performs force control more effectively and is stable over a wider range of cutting conditions as compared to a conventional fixed-gain proportional - integral controller, based on simulation.