cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Investigation of KAP on HIV/AIDs among Migrant Workers in Anhui Province,China

Objective To understand the level of KAP on HIV/AIDS among migrant workers to provide base information for IEC material development and project design for migrant workers in Anhui province,China.Method Based on literature review and qualitative study,a structured questionnaire was designed.Using random cluster sampling method,70 migrant workers at 15~49 years old were interviewed face-to-face at each of the selected 2 construction sites and 2 mine factories in 3 cities in Anhui.Results Among the 420 selected migrant workers,there were 95.5% males with mean age of 35.8 years old and mean income of 1460.3 RMB.Most were married;many had secondary school education(60.5%);many were from the local city(70.4%).The proportion of knowing HIV/AIDS basic facts was 62.6%.Migrant workers were more likely to know HIV transmission routes than non-transmission routes,treatment facts and basic facts about voluntary blood donation(P0.001).The proportion of knowing HIV voluntary counseling and testing(VCT) service was 52.4%,and 16.0% reported that they had used VCT service.Among the 284 participants who reported having sex in the past year,26.8% had extra-marital sex.At last sex with other sex partner,48.7% used condoms.At the last 3 sexual intercourses with other sex partner,11.8% used condoms consistently.Conclusion The knowledge of HIV/AIDS and voluntary blood donation was lower than the national goal defined in the national five year action plan for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Basic facts of non-transmission routes,prevention and treatment messages needed more attention.Migrant workers did not know and use VCT service well.There were risk sexual behaviors among migrant workers.
PET imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma with 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose, 6-deoxy-6[18F] fluoro-D-glucose, [1-11C]-acetate and [N-methyl-11C]-choline.

Aim This study was designed to investigate the performance of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on a hepatitis viral infection-induced woodchuck model using existing tracers such as 2-deoxy-2[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose (2FDG), 6-deoxy-6[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose (6FDG), [1(-11)C]acetate (acetate) and [N-methyl(-11)C]choline (choline). Methods Fourteen woodchucks with HCC were imaged with different radiotracers: 13 (10 with HCC and 3 controls) with 2FDG; 4 (3 with HCC and 1 control) with 6FDG; 13 (10 with HCC and 3 controls) with acetate; 4 (2 with HCC and 2 controls) with choline. The woodchucks were euthanized after imaging experiments and liver tissues were harvested for histology, for enzymatic activities including hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphatase, acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACAS) and choline kinase (CK), and for differential gene expressions between the HCCs and the surrounding hepatic tissues. Results 2FDG detected 7/13 tumors with a tumor-to-liver uptake ratio (T/L) of 1.36+/-0.13. Five of these HCCs were moderately- or poorly-differentiated. The HK/glucose-6-phosphatase ratio was significantly higher in HCCs compared to the surrounding liver tissues (P=0.05). None of the HCCs imaged with 6FDG were detected by PET (T/L=1.01+/-0.11). Acetate detected 16/17 HCCs (T/L=2.02+/-0.7). ACAS activity was significantly higher in HCCs (P=0.01) and lipids-related genes were found up-regulated. Choline imaging detected all HCCs (T/L=1.63+/-0.34). CK activity was significantly higher in HCCs (P=0.001). Conclusions Well-differentiated and some moderately-differentiated HCCs do not uptake 2FDG more than the surrounding liver tissues, but display increased acetate uptake. There is no contrast between HCCs and the surrounding liver tissues on the 6FDG PET images. Despite elevated background signal from the liver, choline uptake seems to be detectable in the HCCs scanned in this study.
Premature luteinizing hormone surges in menopausal gonadotropin-stimulated cycles in monkeys: lack of initiation by progesterone.

The occurrence of spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surges in women receiving human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer is a significant clinical problem. One hypothetical mechanism is that premature progesterone (P) secretion occurring in the high estradiol (E 2 ) milieu produced by hMG triggers the spontaneous LH surge. To investigate this possibility, 11 rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys were stimulated with hMG. At maximal ovarian stimulation, monkeys were injected with 15 μ g/kg P (n=3), 30 μ g/kg P (n=3), or 1,000IU human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (n=5; controls). Blood for E 2 , P, and LH was drawn twice daily in the periovulatory period and daily before and after this period. Laparoscopy was performed after P or hCG injection. In the 6 monkeys receiving P, no LH surges were detected. Further, postinjection P profiles and laparoscopy showed no evidence of ovulation. Controls demonstrated laparoscopic and hormonal evidence of ovulation. These findings suggest that P does not trigger LH surges in hMG-stimulated cycles.
Abstract 13702: Serum Albumin Predicts Mortality in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Introduction: Low serum albumin predicts adverse outcomes in heart failure, reflecting poor nutritional status, liver dysfunction and systemic inflammation. The predictive value of albumin for mortality is not well-described in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Hypothesis: Low serum albumin will significantly predict increased mortality in patients with PAH. Methods: We constructed a database of 273 WHO group 1 PAH patients followed at our center from 03/2001 through 08/2008, including echocardiography, invasive hemodynamics, laboratory data and mortality outcomes. Serum albumin levels were available in 163 patients. The association between albumin and mortality was assessed using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Patients were followed for a mean of 3.6 ± 2.6 years. On univariate analysis, serum albumin significantly predicted mortality with HR = 0.746 (p = 0.01, 95% CI 0.598-0.932) per 1 g/dl increase. On multivariate analysis, serum albumin significantly predicted mortality with HR = 0.491 (p = 0.009, 95% CI 0.288-0.835) per 1 g/dl increase when adjusted for age, gender, NYHA functional class, mean right atrial pressure, Fick cardiac output, connective tissue disease, right ventricular function, right atrial systolic area and serum creatinine. Patients with serum albumin below the 25th percentile (<=3.3 g/dl) had significantly higher mortality by Kaplan-Meier curve analysis (p = 0.01 by log-rank test) despite similar clinical characteristics, when compared with patients with higher serum albumin. Conclusion: Higher serum albumin is an independent predictor of decreased mortality in PAH patients when adjusted for clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic variables. Patients with low serum albumin values had significantly higher mortality despite similar characteristics. ![][1] [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Posicast control — An assessment over classical control of active damping for LC filter resonance in VSI inverter for UPS applications

Half-cycle Posicast control which can produce nearly deadbeat or critically damped response for classical 2nd order plant is presented in this paper. Basic frequency response characteristic is derived from Posicast feedback control using Pade's approximation. Second order transfer function case study which resembles output LC filter of inverter is taken for imposing this frequency response to reveal resonance damping. Matlab program and Simulink implementation of important part of the control is explained for the benefit of reader. In order to make further assessment of Posicast Control, and depict the simplicity of design procedure, classical method of active damping of LC filter resonance is analyzed. This gives better platform for one-to-one comparison of frequency response and dynamic performance of closed loop control of both the methods. Finally, Matlab Simulink waveforms are captured for analyzing the performance of both the methods under transient load conditions.
Eli Lilly & Company, Inc.

Eli Lilly & Company was one of the earliest signatories to the Sullivan Principles.1 Joining the Sullivan Principles was, indeed, consistent with the company’s overall posture of being a socially responsive company with a long history of community involvement. The company also had the good fortune of not being initially subjected to the extreme external pressure from religious groups that confronted hosts of other large corporations in different parts of the United States. Indianapolis, Indiana—the location of the company’s headquarters—was not exactly a hot bed of social turmoil.
Divine detritus: queer remainders from theological quests

ABSTRACTThis essay investigates how theologians should engage with the “leftovers,” or detritus, of the great theological quests by interrogating the process of doing and writing theology. Posing questions about theology’s purpose and systematic method, along with questions that examine both the object of theology and the subjectivity of the theologian, this essay directs its inquiry to uncovering the very foundations of theology today, which itself must be constructed out of divine detritus.
Digitally translated Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination (eSAGE): relationship with its validated paper version, neuropsychological evaluations, and clinical assessments.

The original paper Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination (SAGE) is a valid and reliable cognitive assessment tool used to identify individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early dementia. We evaluated identical test questions in a digital format (eSAGE) made for tablet use with the goals of calibrating it against SAGE and establishing its association with other neuropsychological tests and clinical assessments of cognitive impairment. Subjects aged 50 and over who had taken SAGE were recruited from community and clinic settings. Subjects were randomly selected to participate in a clinical evaluation including neuropsychological evaluations. SAGE and eSAGE were administered using a crossover design. Subjects were identified as dementia, MCI, or normal based on standard clinical criteria. Associations were investigated using Spearman correlations, linear regression, and sensitivity and specificity measures. Of the 426 subjects screened, 66 completed the evaluation. eSAGE score correlation to a battery of neuropsychological tests was 0.73 (p < 0.0001) with no significant difference between the paper and digital format. Spearman correlation of SAGE versus eSAGE was 0.88 (p < 0.0001), and they are related by the formula: eSAGE score = –1.05 + 0.99 × SAGE score. Since the slope is very close to 1 (p = 0.86) there is strong evidence that the scaling is identical between eSAGE and SAGE, with no scale bias. Overall, eSAGE scores are lower by an average of 1.21 and the decrease is statistically significant (p < 0.0001). For those subjects familiar with smartphones or tablets (one measure of digital proficiency), eSAGE scores are lower by an average of 0.83 points (p = 0.029). With a score 16 and higher being classified as normal, eSAGE had 90% specificity and 71% sensitivity in detecting those with cognitive impairment from normal subjects. Tablet-based eSAGE shows a strong association with the validated paper SAGE and a neuropsychological battery. It shows no scale bias compared to SAGE. Both have the advantage of self-administration, brevity, four interchangeable forms, and high sensitivity and specificity in detecting cognitive impairment from normal subjects. Their potential widespread availability will be a major factor in overcoming the many obstacles in identifying early cognitive changes. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02544074 . Registered on 18 March 2015.
Abstract 3331: PID1, a candidate tumor suppressor in pediatric and adult brain tumors, is a novel interacting partner for a cell surface receptor

BACKGROUND: PID1 is higher in fat from obese patients and is an inhibitor of insulin receptor signaling. We reported that PID1 is a novel inhibitor of medulloblastoma and glioma cell growth, and its mRNA level is highly correlated with survival across multiple independent datasets of these tumors. PID1 harbors a phosphotyrosine binding domain and is predicted to interact with proteins harboring NPXY motifs. We therefore hypothesized that PID1 will interact with phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain containing protein(s) that may be important in brain tumors, and will modulate its/their signaling. Here we report PID1 interactions with one of these proteins and determine its biological consequences. METHODS: Experiments consisted of immunoprecipitations, transient transfections, and western blotting. Functionally, assays included cell culture, flow cytometry for proliferation using BrdU/7AAD and apoptosis using AnnexinV/7AAD. Plasmids were pCMV-AN-HA-PID1(2) or control or the protein of interest in pcDNA3.1. Cell lines used were glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid (ATRT), HEK293, and cells deficient or intact in PID1. RESULTS: We demonstrate co-immunoprecipitation of PID1 with a receptor that is considered important in cancer. Immunoprecipitation was both in HEK293T cells overexpressing both proteins and in native brain tumor cell lines with/without overexpression. While tyrosine in the NPXY motifs was not required for the interaction, mutating the kinase domain of the receptor or overall inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation impaired the interaction with PID1. Different domains in PID1 differentially co-immunoprecipitated with the receptor. Interestingly, mouse embryo fibroblasts without PID1 showed increased growth factor-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of this protein and increased growth factor-induced proliferation. Identity of the receptor will be disclosed at the meeting. CONCLUSIONS: These data point to PID1 as a novel interacting partner and regulator of this receptor’s biological effects and signaling in brain tumors. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Anat Erdreich-Epstein, Xiuhai Ren. PID1, a candidate tumor suppressor in pediatric and adult brain tumors, is a novel interacting partner for a cell surface receptor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3331. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3331
Strategies for Measuring Damage and Repair in Gene-Sized Specific DNA Sequences

Interest in how the efficiency of DNA repair might vary among specific categories of cellular DNA dates almost to the origin of the “repair replication” technique, which quantifies the short stretches of DNA synthesized during excision repair (Pettijohn and Hanawalt, 1964). It has always been clear that the biological consequences of DNA damage to the cell or organism would depend strongly on the functional role of the particular segment of DNA suffering the damage. Early studies were confined to comparing repair in classes of DNA that were in relative abundance and could be physically isolated for analysis such as chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA, and genomic satellite DNA. Later, the repair of the highly repetitive alpha DNA sequences in African green monkey cells was investigated in detail using a variety of techniques. This was made possible by the abundance of this alpha DNA species; 8% of the DNA can be easily isolated as pure 172-base-pair fragments by digestion by HindIII and gel electrophoresis (Zolan et al., 1982). These investigations (reviewed in Smith, 1987) demonstrated complex differences in the repair of this nontranscribed sequence as compared to the remaining, bulk DNA, and gave impetus to efforts to develop methods for studying repair in active genes.
MR Performance in the Presence of a Radio Frequency-Penetrable Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Insert for Simultaneous PET/MRI

Despite the great promise of integrated positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to add molecular information to anatomical and functional MR, its potential impact in medicine is diminished by a very high cost, limiting its dissemination. An RF-penetrable PET ring that can be inserted into any existing MR system has been developed to address this issue. Employing optical signal transmission along with battery power enables the PET ring insert to electrically float with respect to the MR system. Then, inter-modular gaps of the PET ring allow the RF transmit field from the standard built-in body coil to penetrate into the PET fields-of-view (FOV) with some attenuation that can be compensated for. MR performance, including RF noise, magnetic susceptibility, RF penetrability through and $B_{1}$ uniformity within the PET insert, and MR image quality, were analyzed with and without the PET ring present. The simulated and experimentally measured RF field attenuation factors with the PET ring present were −2.7 and −3.2 dB, respectively. The magnetic susceptibility effect (0.063 ppm) and noise emitted from the PET ring in the MR receive channel were insignificant. $B_{1}$ homogeneity of a spherical agar phantom within the PET ring FOV dropped by 8.4% and MR image SNR was reduced by 3.5 and 4.3 dB with the PET present for gradient-recalled echo and fast-spin echo, respectively. This paper demonstrates, for the first time, an RF-penetrable PET insert comprising a full ring of operating detectors that achieves simultaneous PET/MR using the standard built-in body coil as the RF transmitter.
Multi-Stage, Successive, and Re-Sampling Strategies

The meaning of multi-stage sampling is clear from its name. Here we have several stages for the sample selection. In fact it is an extension of the concept of cluster sampling. Similar to cluster sampling first we divide the population into M clusters or heterogeneous groups. We select m clusters and use the estimates of cluster means or totals to form population estimate. For example, in two-stage sampling we again divide our population into M groups and select a sample of groups, which form the first stage sample. The units so selected are called first stage units (FSU).
The Second Law

Much of the formulation of the first law of thermodynamics has been based on empirical observations of conversion of work into heat energy. But the reader needs to be cautioned that the insignia of the first law as displayed in (3.7) is not an ordinary mathematical equation because it does not guarantee that the reverse – i.e., the conversion of heat energy into work – can also be fully accomplished. Indeed, such a reverse process is a vexed undertaking whose analysis lies at the very heart of thermodynamics.
Vulnerability to Depression: The Role of Children’s Cognitions

One of the initial aims of the present investigation was to explore cognitive vulnerability to depression in children. The highly active research on cognitive perspectives on adult depression, briefly outlined in Chapter 2, provided models and tools for understanding how thoughts, beliefs, and interpretations of the self and the world contribute to depression. It seemed likely that such cognitive processes and dysfunctional cognitive content have their origins in childhood in many individuals. By extension, therefore, we predicted that some of the risk to children of women with depressive disorders might stem from dysfunctional cognitions. Thus the research reported here afforded an opportunity to examine potential vulnerability cognitions in high risk children, and the longitudinal design provided methods for testing the relationship between dysfunctional cognition and subsequent depression.
Gene Transfer: A Perspective

Somatic-cell genetics is a large, multifaceted field that is not easily defined. This book addresses one subfield of this unruly subject—that concerned with para-sexuality. Tissue culture had its origins in the experiments of Ross Harrison (1907) early in this century, but a consideration of sexuality in cultured cell populations did not arise until the 1950s. This way of thinking was motivated by the demonstration of parasexuality in eukaryotes, particularly by Stern (1936) and Pontecorvo (1962), and by sexuality in prokaryotes, as demonstrated by Lederberg (1958). In a sense, the work of Stern dealing with mitotic recombi­nation was the more relevant because it dealt with somatic cells, albeit in vivo. However, the demonstration of sexuality in free-living bacteria was more dra­matic and, although only analogous, powerfully influenced the development of parasexual systems in cultured prokaryotic cells in vitro.
Development of characterization of a immortal and differentiated murine trabecular meshwork cell line.

PURPOSE To study mouse trabecular meshwork (TM) and to develop a murine TM cell line. METHODS Mouse TM in situ was studied by light and electron microscopy (EM). In addition, TM was isolated from the H-2K(b)-tsA58 transgenic mouse strain in which promoter sequences of the major histocompatibility complex H-2Kb class 1 gene are fused to sequences of the SV40 mutant temperature-sensitive (ts) strain tsA58. The promoter is inducible by interferon (IFN)-gamma, and the tsA58 gene product is active at 33 degrees C (permissive conditions), but not at 37 degrees C (nonpermissive conditions). The TM explant was cultured in permissive conditions. Outgrowing cells were passaged through two rounds of single-cell cloning. One clonal cell line (MUTM-NEI/1) was characterized in nonpermissive conditions by EM, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and northern blot hybridization. In addition, MUTM-NEI/1 cells were transfected with plasmid DNA. RESULTS The mouse eye has a circumferentially oriented outflow vessel and a TM that is subdivided in an outer juxtacanalicular or cribriform part and an inner lamellated or trabecular part. From the TM of the H-2Kb-tsA58 mouse, a clonal cell line (MUTM-NEI/1) was established. In permissive conditions, MUTM-NEI/1 cells remained proliferative through at least 80 generations without change in phenotype. In nonpermissive conditions, proliferation was slower, and MUTM-NEI/1 cells differentiated and synthesized collagen types I, III, IV, and VI; laminin; and fibronectin. MUTM-NEI/1 cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, alphaB-crystallin, and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), but not for desmin or cytokeratin. Less than 10% of MUTM-NEI/1 cells stained for alpha-smooth muscle actin, whereas after 3 days of treatment with transforming growth factor-beta1 almost all cells were positive. MUTM-NEI/1 cells expressed mRNA for NCAM, aquaporin 1, myocilin/trabecular meshwork glucocorticoid-inducible protein, and alphaB-crystallin, which was increased after oxidative stress. MUTM-NEI/1 cells could be successfully transfected with plasmid DNA. CONCLUSIONS The architecture of the murine outflow system is comparable to that in primates. The MUTM-NEI/1 cell line is a clonal, immortal, and differentiated TM cell line that will be an important tool for study of the expression of TM genes.
Development of Tandem Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation to Olefins

The utilization of CO2 as a carbon source for synthesis of value-added chemicals and fuels, particularly light olefins, is one of the most attractive routes to convert CO2 as part of a large-scale process. Designing active, selective, and stable catalysts for olefin production is challenging because of the difficulty characterizing structure–property relationships for the highly complex CO2 hydrogenation reaction network. To understand the challenges and opportunities in converting CO2 directly to olefins over a single tandem catalyst, this Perspective reviews the following three routes: (1) direct hydrogenation of CO2 to olefins over promoted catalysts; (2) methanol synthesis followed by methanol-to-olefins (MeOH-mediated route); (3) CO production via the reverse-water–gas-shift reaction, followed by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (CO-mediated route). Future research directions are proposed on the critical research areas of elucidating reaction mechanisms by combining in situ characterization techniques with ...
Using Vulnerability and Exposure to Improve Robbery Prediction and Target Area Selection

A large body of research has found that crime is much more likely to occur at certain places relative to others. Attempting to capitalize on this finding to maximize crime prevention, many police administrators have sought to narrow their department’s operational focus and allocate resources and attention to the most problematic locations. However, in the face of a growing number of technological advances in crime forecasting that have facilitated this trend, it is still unclear how to best identify the most appropriate set of places to which resources and attention should be directed. Our goal was to examine this issue by exploring the ways in which spatial vulnerabilities and exposures could be used to identify the best target areas for policing. Using the Theory of Risky Places as a guide, we employed kernel density estimation (KDE) to measure crime exposures and risk terrain modeling (RTM) to identify crime vulnerabilities with the expectation that crime would be predicted more accurately by integrating the outputs from these two methods. To test this hypothesis, our analysis utilized 1 year of data on street robbery in Brooklyn, New York. A common metric, the prediction accuracy index (PAI), was computed for KDE, RTM, and the integrated approach, over 1 month and 3 month intervals. We found that the integrated approach, on average and most frequently, produces the most accurate predictions. These results demonstrate that place-based policing and related policies can be improved via actionable intelligence produced from multiple crime analysis tools that are designed to measure unique aspects of the spatial dynamics of crime.
Rayleigh–Taylor instability in a confined elastic soft cylinder

Abstract Rayleigh–Taylor instability can be often observed in various hydrodynamic systems. The reduction of the gravity potential of the system drives the instability of the interface between two fluids with different densities. Recently, similar gravity-induced surface instabilities have also been observed in soft solids. The following theoretical analyses of Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities in soft solids were either based on the plane-strain condition or the assumption of infinitely large lateral dimensions. There has been no study on the effects of lateral constraint on Rayleigh–Taylor instability of soft solids. In this article, we investigate Rayleigh–Taylor instability in an elastic soft gel confined by a rigid cylindrical container. Based on linear stability analysis, we find that both critical load and instability pattern on the surface of the gel can be greatly affected by the aspect ratio of the cylindrical gel. Through nonlinear finite element simulations, we further find that the Rayleigh–Taylor instability in a confined elastic soft cylinder is subcritical. Our theoretical predictions agree well with our experimental results.
SETD7 in cardiomyocyte differentiation and cardiac function

Cellular differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells mature into a variety of functional cell types to form the tissues of a multicellular organism. This specialization occurs during embryonic development when a single zygote gives rise to different cell types and in adulthood when reservoirs of stem cells differentiate to replace senescent or damaged cells.
Repoliticizing the Nicaraguan Army: Civil-Military Relations Under Daniel Ortega (2007–2017)

The Nicaraguan army grew out of leftist Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) guerrilla forces and served as the military arm of the Revolution until Sandinista President Daniel Ortega was defeated in the 1990 election. From 1990 to 2006, the army evolved into a non-partisan, professional force respected across the political spectrum. Since returning to the presidency in 2007, however, Ortega has built an authoritarian regime and has attempted to repoliticize the armed forces by reviving the army’s Sandinista sympathies, co-opting senior officers with material rewards, and expanding the military’s role and resources. This study describes the army’s evolution, analyzes President Ortega’s three-part strategy to regain control, and evaluates his relative success.
Using a Training Intervention to Improve the Feedback Environment

This chapter discusses a training intervention designed to improve the supervisor feedback environment. The supervisor feedback environment refers to the extent to which supervisors cultivate an environment that supports and promotes the provision and use of job performance feedback (Steelman et al., Educational and psychological measurement 64:165–184, 2004). A body of literature suggests that a favorable supervisor feedback environment is related to employee attitudes and behaviors, job performance, and well-being. However, few studies examine antecedents to a favorable feedback environment. In this chapter we discuss a supervisor training program, designed based on theories of effective training (Salas et al., Psychological science in the public interest 13:74–101, 2012). Outcomes of the supervisor training program included improved perceptions of the feedback environment, particularly for those supervisors who were initially rated as having a more unfavorable feedback environment, and increased subordinate feedback-seeking frequency.
Why is My Skin Turning Black? A Rare Side Effect of Capecitabine

Introduction: Capecitabine is an oral chemotherapy frequently used in the treatment of metastatic breast and colorectal cancers. Drug-induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation is a rare adverse effect of capecitabine, which is almost exclusively reported with development of hand-foot syndrome (HFS). Here, we report a case of capecitabine-induced hyperpigmentation affecting the hands, feet, face, and tongue in the complete absence of HFS.Case report: An 82-year old man presented with progressive hyperpigmentation of his hands, feet, face, and tongue shortly after initiating capecitabine for treatment of colon adenocarcinoma. There was no associated erythema, edema, blistering, desquamation, tingling, or tenderness. After completion of capecitabine therapy, he endorsed 95% resolution of all hyperpigmentation.Discussion: Previous reports of capecitabine-induced hyperpigmentation have argued that it may be a sign of impending toxicity and should be a part of the HFS grading scale. Others argue that the two are separate entities, yet the mechanism is still unknown. This case supports that capecitabine can cause hyperpigmentation independent of HFS, and thus, should be evaluated as a separate entity of HFS if other symptoms are lacking.
Abstract WP438: Monthly Patient Stroke Education Prevalence Rounds Increase Nursing Engagement While Positively Affecting Quality Patient Outcomes

Background and Purpose: Understanding stroke and factors in the prevention of stroke are fundamental in improving quality outcomes and patient healthcare compliance. Daily individualized patient ed...
‘Everything is dimming out, little by little:’ examining self-censorship among Venezuelan journalists

Using the conceptual frameworks of professional reflexivity and collective professional autonomy, our in-depth interviews with 25 journalists from Venezuela show that years of anti-press violence h...
The Relationship Between Personality Traits and Interracial Contact on Campus

It is not well understood why, on diverse college campuses, some students are more likely than others to engage in interracial contact. While research has begun to examine the role of individual di...
Exploring the role of issue involvement and brand attachment in shaping consumer response toward corporate social advocacy (CSA) initiatives: the case of Nike’s Colin Kaepernick campaign

This study adopts the consumer-centric perspective, through the lens of the consumer involvement theory and stakeholder theory, to examine the role of consumer involvement in shaping individuals’ a...
Sherlock: A Crowd-sourced System For Automatic Tagging Of Indoor Floor Plans

Having knowledge of the users’ indoor location and the semantics of their environment can facilitate the development of many indoor context-aware applications. For such applications, an accurate indoor map is often needed. While current techniques are capable of producing such maps, these maps are not labeled and hence are of limited utility for many applications. To address this shortcoming, we propose Sherlock, a crowdsourced system for automatically tagging indoor floor plans. Sherlock leverages the myriad of sensors embedded in modern smartphones to intelligently gather audio and visual data, and upload it to the Sherlock Server. At the Sherlock Server, acoustic monitoring and object recognition techniques are used to classify these data samples. The classification scores of current and past samples are then aggregated in a probabilistic framework to determine the confidence with which we can apply as label to a given space. We evaluate Sherlock on a dataset of more than 11,000 audio recordings and 1,200 images, that we collected in three different university campuses. In our evaluation, the confidence for the true label generally outstripped the confidence for all other labels and, in some cases, even reached as high as 100% with as little as 30 data samples.
Topological insights into the neural basis of flexible behavior

1 Abstract It is widely accepted that there is an inextricable link between neural computations, biological mechanisms, and behavior, but there exists no framework that can simultaneously explain all three. Here, we show that topological data analysis (TDA) provides that necessary bridge. We demonstrate that cognitive processes change the topological description of the shared activity of populations of visual neurons. These topological changes provide uniquely strong constraints on a mechanistic model, explain behavior, and, via a link with network control theory, reveal a tradeoff between improving sensitivity to subtle visual stimulus changes and increasing the chance that the subject will stray off task. These discoveries provide a blueprint for using TDA to uncover the biological and computational mechanisms by which cognition affects behavior in health and disease.
Support for Ex Vivo Organ Perfusion in Kidney and Liver Transplantation

Static cold storage has been the gold standard for deceased donor kidney and liver graft preservation. Ex vivo organ perfusion technology has emerged as a potential alternative to static cold storage for kidney and liver graft preservation. Hypothermic machine perfusion of marginal deceased donor kidney grafts has become a standard clinical practice in kidney transplantation. Further studies are required to elucidate the role of normothermic machine perfusion for marginal deceased donor kidney grafts. Multicenter, prospective randomized trials have been initiated in the USA to evaluate application of both hypothermic and normothermic machine perfusion as an alternative to static cold storage for marginal deceased donor liver grafts. Ex vivo organ perfusion technology is in period of widespread growth in the field of liver transplantation. Significant regulatory, logistical, and financial issues need to be addressed before broader clinical application of ex vivo organ perfusion in liver transplantation.
Class of Canonical V-Equations K26 for a Single Matrix and a Product of Two Random Matrices. The V-Density of Eigenvalues of Random Matrices such that the Variances of their Entries Form a Doubly Stochastic Matrix

In the previous chapter, we have described all possible limits of normalized spectral functions for random matrices with independent pairs of entries in the case where these entries have zero expectations and different variances. In the present chapter we consider the case where the expectations of entries are nonzero but all entries are independent and their variances are equal to a certain constant.
Influence of exercise mode on maternal and fetal health outcomes (886.3)

Current research is exploring the health benefits of exercise in pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic and circuit training throughout pregnancy on maternal and fetal adaptations. We hypothesized that there would be 1) improvements in maternal resting HR and body composition; 2) differences in fetal HR, HR variability, and heart measures at 34 weeks; and 3) no differences in fetal anatomical heart measurements or birth measures between groups. Participants in one of three protocols completed three 45 minute sessions weekly from 13 weeks gestation to delivery. We measured maternal resting HR at each exercise session, maternal body composition monthly, and 34 week fetal heart measures. Statistical analyses included t-tests and multiple ANOVAs. There is a significant difference in RHR between groups for OW/OB women, but no significant difference in body composition between exercising groups. There are differences in fetal HR, HR variability, and stroke volume between exer...
Abstract 20368: Younger Age Increases the Risk for Inappropriate Shocks in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators

Introduction: Survival benefit due to implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy is well documented in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, ICD therapy may be inappropriate and a risk of sudden death in patients ≥ 60 has been recognized. Age stratification of ICD shock by decade is unknown. Our purpose was to investigate timing of ICD shocks by decade and determine the burden of device therapy for treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Methods: This is a retrospective review at a single high volume tertiary referral center of all patients seen at the HCM clinic who had an ICD placed between 2003-September 2013, with serial follow up. Shocks received for VF/VT were defined appropriate. Shocks for all other rhythms were considered inappropriate. Results: There were 440 patients that met criteria, and 52 (11.8%) received a shock. Mean age was 53 ± 13 (mean decade 50), and 16 were female (31%). Of 100 shocks received in 52 patients, 39 were inappropriate....
Restoration of atrial function after the maze procedure for patients with atrial fibrillation. Assessment by Doppler echocardiography.

BACKGROUND The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the maze procedure on atrial function in patients operated on for atrial fibrillation. The maze procedure is a new surgical intervention that is designed to restore sinus rhythm and active mechanical atrial contraction as a definitive treatment for patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS AND RESULTS Doppler echocardiographic analysis of mitral and tricuspid inflow as well as pulmonary venous flow velocity was carried out in 46 patients 8 +/- 7 months after the maze procedure, and results were compared with those obtained from 27 age-matched control subjects. To evaluate atrial contraction, we determined the presence of atrial contribution to ventricular filling at the mitral and tricuspid valve levels and measured the percent atrial filling fractions of the left and right atria. To evaluate atrial compliance, we measured the systolic and the systolic-to-diastolic flow velocity ratios of the pulmonary venous inflow. Results were compared with similar measurements obtained from control subjects. Restoration of active atrial contraction was detected in 40 of the 46 patients (87%); right atrial contraction was noted in 38 patients (83%), and left atrial contraction was noted in 28 patients (61%). In patients with active atrial contraction, the percent atrial filling fraction of the right atrium was comparable to that of control subjects (32 +/- 7% versus 33 +/- 8%, P = NS), whereas that of the left atrium was smaller (20 +/- 5% versus 36 +/- 7%, P < .005). In addition, compared with control subjects, pulmonary venous flow in maze patients exhibited a reduced systolic component (17 +/- 4 versus 53 +/- 16 cm/s, P < .001) and decreased systolic-to-diastolic flow velocity ratio (0.3 +/- 0.01 versus 1.1 +/- 0.3, P < .001) and velocity integral ratio (0.3 +/- 0.01 versus 1.3 +/- 0.4, P < .001), all suggesting decreased left atrial filling. CONCLUSIONS The maze procedure restores active right atrial contraction and improves left atrial contraction in most patients. Obtained measurements suggest decreased left atrial compliance and reduced left atrial contribution to ventricular filling compared with control subjects. Despite the reduced indexes, qualitative restoration of function in either atria should translate in improved atrioventricular synchrony and reduction in thromboembolic events in patients with chronic or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
Impact of Polarization Mode Dispersion in Multi-Hop and Multi-Rate WDM Rings

Fiber Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) is perhaps the most critical transmission impairment in optical networks with transmission rates of 10 Gb/s and higher. Since the bandwidth-distance product, or transparency, of the optical channel is limited by PMD, the overall network design and cost may be significantly altered by the actual fiber PMD values.
Pyruvate carboxylase from baker's yeast. The presence of bound zinc.

Abstract Pyruvate carboxylase purified from bakers' yeast was analyzed for its content of 11 metal ions. After removal of extraneous metal ions, only zinc (3.1 g atoms per mole (600,000 g) of enzyme) and iron (1.2 g atoms per mole of enzyme) were present in significant concentration, as compared with the biotin content (3.3 moles per mole). The equimolar ratio between zinc and biotin content was confirmed for four preparations of the purified enzyme. Correlation of catalytic activity, zinc, and 3H-biotin contents was demonstrated in fractions obtained by chromatography of pyruvate carboxylase from yeast on Sagarose 8F and by gel filtration of this enzyme on Sephadex G-200. No such correlation was observed between enzymic activity and iron content in the fractions obtained by gel filtration. Zinc was tightly bound to pyruvate carboxylase from yeast but was partially removed by gel filtration at 23° in the presence of 10 mm 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonate. The loss of the bound zinc under these conditions was associated with an equivalent decrease in catalytic activity. Pyruvate carboxylase purified from yeast grown in the presence of 2 mm CoCl2 contained approximately equal amounts of bound cobalt and zinc in a combined stoichiometry equivalent to the biotin content. The bound cobalt was removed on gel filtration in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and a concomitant decrease in specific activity was observed under these conditions. The data presented indicate that pyruvate carboxylase from bakers' yeast contains zinc as its bound metal and suggest an essential role for this bound metal ion in the catalysis of CO2 fixation on pyruvate.
On the computation of the probability distribution of the spot market price in a deregulated electricity market

In a deregulated electricity market, short- and long term decisions will be based on the spot price of electricity rather than on the load. The hourly spot prices of electricity have so far shown evidence of being highly volatile. In this paper, we propose a stochastic model for the spot market price of electricity in which no historical data for the prices are required. Rather than directly modeling the price, we model the underlying stochastic processes of the marginal unit that determines the price of electricity under market competition. The deregulated market of electricity is still evolving and the set of generating units participating in a particular market can be constantly changing. A model that uses historically observed market prices may thus give inaccurate predictions. Under these circumstances, it is very difficult to collect empirical data to obtain an accurate forecast for the spot market price. Our price model represents the market by a power generation system and captures its fundamental stochastic characteristics. This model highlights the dependence of the price on temperature fluctuations. The model is also used to provide analytical approximations to the bivariate probability distribution of the spot prices at two different hours.
Dialogue: Early predictors of long-term lupus nephritis outcomes: looking into the future.

Patients with lupus nephritis (LN) remain difficult to treat, and any patient characteristics that allow physicians to better predict outcomes are likely to improve patient care. Clinical and serological factors that present early in the course of treatment can predict long-term outcomes, and are, therefore, important to identify. The current study by Dall'Era et al 1 adds to a growing literature regarding the early predictors of long-term outcomes in patients with LN. The study analysed data from Aspreva Lupus Management Study (ALMS) extending to 36 months post induction to assess those factors determining either complete renal remission (CR) or treatment failure (TF). They assess features at the time of trial entry and end of induction, and response to therapy during induction. Complete response could occur at any time during the maintenance phase. Among the 370 subjects who entered the trial, only non-Hispanic ethnicity was associated with a higher likelihood of CR. Several factors related to induction were independently associated with a greater likelihood of TF, including the positive anti-dsDNA at trial entry, failure to reduce anti-dsDNA within 8 weeks, failure to reduce urine protein:creatinine ratio (UP/C) by >25% within 8 weeks. Among the 227 subjects who entered …
Wave propagation in inelastic media

Abstract The calculation of wave propagation is often more difficult in solids than in fluids. The difficulty is associated with the need for a rate dependent constitutive law to describe inelastic material response. We begin by characterizing the essential features of inelastic behavior. We then contrast two types of constitutive models. Microphysical models are based on describing the microphysical processes responsible for inelasticity and have many advantages over macroscopic models based on plasticity theory. We describe a particular microphysical model for brittle fracture and from this description outline the general elements of the microphysical approach. It is shown that such models have the structure of a viscoelastic solid. The relaxation time depends on internal (i.e. microstructural) variables. It then follows that the inelasticity is due to the evolution of these internal variables. In numerical simulations of wave propagation, the speed and attenuation of a front may depend sensitively on the mesh spacing. The origin of this effect and a general technique to overcome it are described. The technique is called gradient scaling and is a generalization of the familiar idea of shock capturing.
Real-time scheduling of an automated manufacturing center *

Abstract This paper investigates the dynamic scheduling of an automated manufacturing workcenter at which jobs are processed in batches, and there is a constant changeover time between batches of different part types. The primary measures of schedule performance are mean flow time and mean tardiness. The dynamic scheduling problem is treated as a series of static problems which are solved on a rolling-horizon basis. Characteristics of the optimal solutions to the mean flow time and mean tardiness problems are developed, and an implicit enumeration approach to the mean tardiness problem is proposed. These results are used for constructing efficient scheduling procedures for the dynamic problem. We also derive the steady state relationship between workcenter utilization level, batch size and mean flow time for one and two part types. A simulation study extends this relationship to a larger number of part types.