Neutron transport benchmark examples with web-based AGENT

Abstract The AGENT (Arbitrary GEometry Neutron Transport) an open-architecture reactor modeling tool is deterministic neutron transport code for two- or three-dimensional heterogeneous neutronic design and analysis of the whole reactor cores regardless of geometry types and material configurations. The AGENT neutron transport methodology is applicable to all generations of nuclear power and research reactors. It combines three theories: (1) mathematical theory of R -functions that is used to generate real three-dimensional geometries of square or hexagonal heterogeneous geometries, (2) the x – y method of characteristics (MOC) used to solve isotropic neutron transport in non-homogenized 2D reactor slices, and (3) the one-dimensional diffusion theory or MOC theory used to couple the x – y and z neutron tracks through the transverse leakage and angular mesh-wise flux values. The R -function geometrical module allows a sequential building of the layers of geometry and automatic submeshing based on the network of geometric domain functions. The simplicity of geometry description and selection of parameters for accurate treatment of neutron propagation is achieved through the Boolean algebraic hierarchically organized simple primitives into complex domains (both being represented with corresponding domain functions). AGENT methodologies and numerical solutions are applicable in validating neutronic analysis for GenIV reactor designs while the effect of double heterogeneity in very high temperature reactors (VHTRs) is under development. The accuracy is comparable to Monte Carlo codes and is obtained by following neutron propagation through real geometrical domains that does not require homogenization or simplifications. The efficiency is maintained through set of acceleration techniques introduced at all important calculation levels. The flux solution incorporates power iteration with two different acceleration techniques: coarse mesh rebalancing (CMR) and coarse mesh finite difference (CMFD). The stand-alone originally developed graphical user interface of the AGENT code design environment allows the user to view and verify input data by displaying the geometry and material allocation. The user can also view the output data such as three-dimensional maps of the energy-dependent mesh-wise scalar flux, reaction rates and power peaking factors. The AGENT code is in a process of an extensive and rigorous testing for various reactor types through the evaluation of its performance (ability to model any reactor geometry type), accuracy (in comparison with Monte Carlo results and other deterministic solutions or experimental data) and efficiency (computational speed that is directly determined by the mathematical and numerical solution to the ray tracing and iterative approach of the flux convergence). This paper outlines main aspects of the theories unified into the AGENT code formalism and demonstrates the code performance, accuracy and efficiency using few representative examples. The AGENT code is a main part of the virtual reactor system developed for numerical simulations of research reactors. Few illustrative examples of the web interface are briefly outlined.