cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism in a patient with an incidentally found adrenal mass.

Background A 50-year-old woman who was complaining of abdominal pain was referred to the endocrine clinic after a small (0.8 cm by 0.8 cm) mass was found in her right adrenal gland on CT examination of the abdomen. She had a history of hypertension for 10 years, generalized anxiety disorder for 5 years and a weight increase of 18 kg over the previous 3 years. The patient did not report weakness, polyuria or excessive thirst. She had a history of hypokalemia while on hydrochlorothiazide therapy. To improve blood pressure control, a total of three antihypertensive medications had been sequentially added to her regimen. At presentation, medications included 300 mg irbesartan daily, 5 mg amlodipine daily and 100 mg sustained-release metoprolol daily. Investigations Renin activity, levels of plasma aldosterone and levels of fractionated plasma metanephrines were measured and an overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test was performed. In addition, measurements of urine aldosterone excretion on a high-salt diet, MRI-examination of the adrenal glands and bilateral adrenal vein sampling were conducted. Diagnosis An aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma. Management The patient underwent laparoscopic resection of the right adrenal gland, which led to normalization of aldosterone excretion, lowering of her blood pressure on a single antihypertensive medication (50 mg sustained-release metoprolol daily) and resolution of hypokalemia.
Promyelocytic blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia

![Figure][1] A 26-year-old male was evaluated for chest pain and was found to have a white cell count of 63 000 per cubic millimeter, hemoglobin 10.5 g/dL, platelets 102 000 per μL, with 18% blasts and promyelocytes (panel A). Bone marrow was hypercellular, with promyelocytes and myeloblasts
Weaves: a framework for reconfigurable programming

This paper presents a language independent runtime framework--called Weaves--for object based composition of unmodified code modules that enables selective sharing of state between multiple control flows through a process. Furthermore, the framework allows dynamic instantiation of code modules and control flows through them. In effect, weaves create intra-process modules (similar to objects in OOP) from code written in any language. Applications can be built by instantiating Weaves to form Tapestries of dynamically interacting code. The framework enables objects to be arbitrarily shared--it is a true superset of both processes as well as threads, with code sharing and fast context switching time similar to threads. Weaves does not require any special support from either the language or application code--practically any code can be weaved. Weaves also include support run-time loading and linking of object modules enabling the next generation of highly dynamic applications. This paper presents the elements of the Weaves framework and its implementation on the Linux platform over source-code independent ELF object files. The current implementation has been validated over Sweep3D, a benchmark for 3D discrete ordinates neutron transport (Koch et al. Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc. 65 (198) [1992]), and a user-level port of the Linux 2.4 family kernel TCP/IP protocol stack.
Who Are the Real Prisoners? A Case of Win-Lose Conflict in a State Correctional Institution

This article discusses the authors' attempts to intervene in a win-lose conflict situation that developed among prison staff at a state correctional institution and between the prison staff and an ...
Ethnobotanical field notes from Ecuador: Camp, Prieto, Jørgensen, and Giler

Ethnobotanical field notes compiled in the southern Ecuadorian highlands by W. H. Camp and his associates during 1944–1945 are reported. Common (Spanish and Quechua) names, uses, and collection data are given for 317 taxa. Taxa are cross-referenced by common names and uses.
Electrical upgrades for a 1909 vintage hydro station

Information is provided on the electrical upgrade approach taken by Duke Power Company on one of its older hydroelectric stations, the Ninety-Nine Islands Hydro Station constructed in 1909. Equipment replaced, reasons for replacement, and the design of new equipment are discussed. Electrically, most of the original power and control equipment was still in service after nearly 80 years. Engineering studies were undertaken to evaluate not only what electrical equipment should be upgraded, but also what fundamental design changes should be made. The equipment upgrades outlined should result in improved unit reliability. Reductions in operating and maintenance costs are expected over what the costs would have been with the old equipment. >
Determining Forest Species Composition Using High Spectral Resolution Remote Sensing Data

Airborne hyperspectral data were analyzed for the classification of 11 forest cover types, including pure and mixed stands of deciduous and conifer species. Selected bands from first difference reflectance spectra were used to determine cover type at the Harvard Forest using a maximum likelihood algorithm assigning all pixels in the image into one of the 11 categories. This approach combines species specific chemical characteristics and previously derived relationships between hyperspectral data and foliar chemistry. Field data utilized for validation of the classification included both a stand-level survey of stem diameter, and field measurements of plot level foliar biomass. A random selection of validation pixels yielded an overall classification accuracy of 75%.
Growth and Protein Turnover in the Skeletal Muscles of Broiler Chicks

Abstract Growth and protein turnover were examined in the breast (pectoralis thoracica) and the leg (gastrocnemius-peroneus) muscles of broiler chicks at 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks posthatching. The fractional rate of protein synthesis (ks) was measured by an isotope emulsion method. The fractional degradation rate (kd) was calculated from the difference in ks and fractional deposition rate (kg), which was estimated from regression equations of muscle size and protein content on body weights. The growth rate (%/day) of skeletal muscle exceeded that of the whole body. Muscle growth involved an increase in the total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the DNA-unit size and a subsequent decrease in the concentrations of nucleic acids without alteration in the ribonucleic acid (RNA): DNA ratio and RNA and DNA activity. The ks in breast muscle protein fell markedly from 48 to 16 %/day between 1 and 6 weeks posthatching, whereas in leg muscle, ks underwent a more gradual decrease; from 36 to 17%/day during the same period. These changes resulted mainly from the reduction of DNA and RNA concentrations with age. The kd decreased only slightly between 1 and 2 weeks in the both muscle groups. The kg also showed a developmental fall from 33 to 4%/day and from 21 to 4%/day in the breast and leg muscles, respectively, during the 5-week period. The high growth rate of broiler chicks relative to that of slow-growing chicks suggests that the lower degradation rate may be involved in the greater efficiency of protein accretion in the former strain.
An unusual case of paroxysmal facial pain

Paroxysmal facial pain is a rare sequel to brainstem infarction. This is a report of a patient who developed paroxysmal facial pain with the exceptional features of a trigger zone and relative refractory pain-free periods in an area previously anesthetic after infarction of the brainstem. The facial pain responded favorably to carbamazepine. The characteristic of this patient's pain is compared with the pain of trigeminal neuralgia and possible similar pathogenetic mechanisms.
Conceptual Model of Infestation Probability Based on Bark Beetle Abundance and Host Tree Susceptibility

The probability of a bark beetle infestation starting and growing in any given stand of trees is termed stand risk. This probability is defined by a conceptual model that describes the functional relationship between beetle population size and the physiological condition of the stand of trees. The relationship is dynamic, so that changes in either insect population levels or stand condition result in changes in risk. Stand risk approaches zero when stands are in good condition or beetle populations are very low. The risk increases in a logistic fashion as insect populations increase or stand conditions decline, and it is asymptotic for a probability approaching 1. The model incorporates a threshold concept for stand risk and can be integrated into population dynamics models to assess future risk.
Response of stiffened sandwich panels

An increasingly important part of the design of skin-stringer systems, such as those found in flight vehicles, is the ability to reduce surface vibration levels when they are subjected to the dynamic loads of jet, or propeller noise. One common method of reducing the response of these structures is by layered construction using viscoelastic materials. Thus analytical methods to describe such systems are essential.
Adaptive linear dimensionality reduction for classification

Abstract Dimensionality reduction is the representation of high-dimensional patterns in a low-dimensional subspace based on a transformation which optimizes a specified criterion in the subspace. For pattern classification, the ideal criteria is the minimum achievable classification error (the Bayes error). Under strict assumptions of the pattern distribution, the Bayes error can be analytically expressed. We use this as a starting point to develop an adaptive algorithm that computes a linear transformation based on the minimization of a cost function that approximates the Bayes error in the subspace. Using kernel estimators we then relax the assumptions and extend the algorithm to more general pattern distributions. Our simulations with three synthetic and one real-data set indicate that the proposed algorithm substantially outperforms Fisher's Linear Discriminant.
Adolescent Vaccine Co-administration and Coverage in New York City: 2007–2013

OBJECTIVES: To investigate adolescent vaccination in New York City, we assessed tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), meningococcal conjugate (MCV4), and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake, vaccine co-administration, and catch-up coverage over time. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Citywide Immunization Registry, a population-based immunization information system, to measure vaccine uptake and co-administration, defined as a Tdap vaccination visit where MCV4 or HPV vaccine was co-administered, among 11-year-olds. Catch-up vaccinations were evaluated through 2013 for adolescents born 1996 to 2000, by birth cohort. HPV vaccination among boys included data from 2010 to 2013. RESULTS: Adolescent vaccine administration was greatest during the back-to-school months of August to October and was highest for Tdap. Although MCV4 uptake improved over the study years, HPV vaccine uptake among girls stagnated; boys achieved similar uptake of HPV vaccine by 2012. By 2013, 65.4% had MCV4 co-administered with Tdap vaccine, whereas 28.4% of girls and 25.9% of boys had their first dose of HPV vaccine co-administered. By age 17, Tdap and MCV4 vaccination coverage increased to 97.5% and 92.8%, respectively, whereas ≥1-dose and 3-dose HPV vaccination coverage were, respectively, 77.5% and 53.1% for girls and 49.3% and 21.6% for boys. Age-specific vaccination coverage increased with each successive birth cohort ( P CONCLUSIONS: From 2007 to 2013, there were greater improvements in Tdap and MCV4 vaccination than HPV vaccination, for which co-administration with Tdap vaccine and coverage through adolescence remained lower. Parent and provider outreach efforts should promote timely HPV vaccination for all adolescents and vaccine co-administration.
A senior-level computer hardware organization course: designing a single board computer

This paper describes a course at the University of Arkansas with the following catalog description: CSEG/ELEG 4983: Computer Hardware Organization. Design of a complete single board computer including basic hardware organization, memory subsystem design, peripheral interfacing, DMA control, interrupt control, and bus organization.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Normal and Early Glaucoma Monkey Optic Nerve Head Connective Tissues

PURPOSE. To introduce high-resolution, digital three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of the connective tissues of the optic nerve head (ONH). METHODS. Trephinated ONH and peripapillary sclera from both eyes of three monkeys with early glaucoma (EG; one eye normal, one eye given laser-induced EG) were embedded in paraffin and serial sectioned at 3-m thickness from the vitreous surface through the orbital optic nerve, with the embedded tissue block face stained and imaged after each cut. Each image was aligned, and then the scleral canal wall, sclera, border tissue of Elschnig, Bruch’s membrane, lamina cribrosa, optic nerve septa, pial sheath, and vasculature were delineated as unique objects. Delineated images were stacked, color mapped, and volume rendered and then serial sagittal and transverse digital sections of the resultant voxel geometries were viewed and measured. RESULTS. Substantial differences in the 3-D architecture of the peripapillary sclera, scleral canal wall, and lamina cribrosa were present among the three normal eyes. All three EG eyes displayed permanent posterior deformation of the central lamina cribrosa, as well as expansion of the anterior and posterior neural canal openings in comparison with their respective contralateral normal control eyes. Peripherally, whereas laminar deformation was greatest inferiorly or superiorly in all three EG eyes, statistically significant deformation was present in all four quadrants of all three eyes. CONCLUSIONS. High-resolution, digital 3-D reconstructions of the load-bearing connective tissues of the monkey ONH confirm that the ONH connective tissues are profoundly altered at the onset of detectable ONH surface change in experimental glaucoma. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004;45:4388‐4399)
Four themes in youth work practice

With the purpose of contributing to the research and discussion about youth work as a contextual, interpersonal process of human interaction, it is suggested that youth work is like a modern dance that works best when youth workers are present, in sync with youth development rhythms for trusting and growing and making meaning in an atmosphere that supports their interactions. The article includes a brief definition of youth work, a method of reflective practice, and descriptions of the four themes—presence, rhythmic interaction, meaning making, and atmosphere. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 33: 21–29, 2005.
Cap Z(3632) is a contaminant and the major inhibitor of actin neiwork formation in conventional actin preparations

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that conventional actin preparations contain a potent factor which reduces the low shear viscosity of actin filaments (1). In this paper we demonstrate that Cap Z ( 36 32 ) , a recently described protein from skeletal muscle that caps the barbed end of actin filaments and localizes to the Z-line of skeletal muscle (2,3), is the major factor affecting the low shear viscosity of actin prepared from muscle as described by Spudich and Watt (4).
Synthesis of some phenothiazinyl and carbazolyl pyrylium salts

2,6-Diphenyl-4H-pyran-4-one in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride reacted with phenothiazine to give a pyryliurn salt which was bonded in the 4-position to the nitrogen atom of phenothiazine. Carbazole gave a similar type of product. When the N-methyl derivatives of phenothiazine and carbazole were allowed to react under the same conditions, the coupling took place on the phenyl ring para to the nitrogen atom. In contrast to phenothiazine, benzo[a]-phenothiazine gave a product arising by coupling into the phenyl ring.
Need for and Use of Family Leave Among Parents of Children With Special Health Care Needs

OBJECTIVE. Parents of children with special health care needs are especially vulnerable to work–family conflicts that family leave benefits might help resolve. We examined leave-taking among full-time–employed parents of children with special health care needs. METHODS. We identified all children with special health care needs in 2 large inpatient/outpatient systems in Chicago, Illinois, and Los Angeles, California, and randomly selected 800 per site. From November 2003 to January 2004, we conducted telephone interviews with 1105 (87% of eligible and successfully contacted) parents. Among the sample9s 574 full-time–employed parents, we examined whether leave benefits predicted missing any work for child illness, missing >4 weeks for child illness, and ability to miss work whenever their child needed them. RESULTS. Forty-eight percent of full-time–employed parents qualified for federal Family and Medical Leave Act benefits; 30% reported employer-provided leave benefits (not including sick leave/vacation). In the previous year, their children averaged 20 missed school/child care days, 12 doctor/emergency department visits, and 1.7 hospitalizations. Although 81% of parents missed work for child illness, 41% reported not always missing work when their child needed them, and 40% of leave-takers reported returning to work too soon. In multivariate regressions, parents who were eligible for Family and Medical Leave Act benefits and aware of their eligibility had 3.0 times greater odds of missing work for child illness than ineligible parents. Parents with >4 weeks of employer-provided leave benefits had 4.7 times greater odds of missing >4 weeks than parents without benefits. Parents with paid leave benefits had 2.8 times greater odds than other parents of missing work whenever their child needed them. CONCLUSIONS. Full-time–employed parents of children with special health care needs experience severe work–family conflicts. Although most have leave benefits, many report unmet need for leave. Access to Family and Medical Leave Act benefits and employer-provided leave may greatly affect leave-taking.
Impact of butyrate on microbial selection in enhanced biological phosphorus removal systems.

Microbial selection in an enhanced biological phosphorus removal system was investigated in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor fed exclusively with butyrate as a carbon source. As reported in the few previous studies, butyrate uptake was slow and phosphorus (P) release occurred during the entire anaerobic period. Polyphosphate-accumulating organism (PAO), i.e. Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis (named as Accumulibacter), glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs), i.e. Candidatus Competibacter phosphatis (named as Competibacter) and Defluviicoccus-related, tetrad-forming alphaproteobacteria (named as Defluviicoccus) were identified using fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The results show that Accumulibacter and Defluviicoccus were selected in the butyrate-fed reactor, whereas Competibacter was not selected. P removal was efficient at the beginning of the experiment with an increasing percentage relative abundance (% RA) of PAOs. The % RA of Accumulibacter and Defluviicoccus increased fro...
Chemical vapor deposition in fluidized bed reactors

Abstract The intrinsic high rates of heat and mass transfer of fluidized bed reactors can be used to significantly expand applications for chemical vapor deposition. This paper illustrates some of the uses of fluidized bed reactors for depositing homogeneous coatings by chemical vapor deposition. Conventional approaches to coating particles and new developments for coating large substrates are presented. The use of subhalide chemistry for coating at low temperatures is also described.
The Aurora and the magnetosphere: The Chapman memorial lecture

Review of recent progress in magnetospheric physics, in particular, in understanding the magnetospheric substorm. It is shown that a number of magnetospheric phenomena can now be understood by viewing the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction as an MHD dynamo; auroral phenomena are powered by the dynamo. Also, magnetospheric responses to variations of the north-south and east-west components of the interplanetary magnetic field have been identified. The magnetospheric substorm is entirely different from the responses of the magnetosphere to the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field. It may be associated with the formation of a neutral line within the plasma sheet and with an enhanced reconnection along the line. A number of substorm-associated phenomena can be understood by noting that the new neutral line formation is caused by a short-circuiting of a part of the magnetotail current.
Metal Cyanide Networks Formed at an Air-Water Interface: Structure and Magnetic Properties

Extended two-dimensional coordinate covalent networks have been formed at an air-water interface by condensing a Langmuir monolayer of an amphiphillic pentacyanoferrate(III) complex and aqueous nickel(II) ions. The cyanide-bridged arrays were transferred to solid supports by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The resulting thin films were structurally characterized by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and SQUID magnetometry. Magnetic measurements on the thin films transferred to Mylar show evidence for ferromagnetic exchange interactions between the S = 1/2 Fe(III) and S = 1 Ni(II) centers.
The Founders and Finance: How Hamilton, Gallatin, and Other Immigrants Forged a New Economy. By Thomas K. McCraw. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2012. Pp. 485. $35.00.)

In this study, the author uses the biographies of the first two secretaries of the treasury to explain the extraordinary prosperity of the United States. “Hamilton and Gallatin,” he writes, created...
Mediators of the shame‐guilt‐psychological adjustment relationship

Lynch, J. S., Hill, E. D., Nagoshi, J. L. & Nagoshi, C. T. Mediators of the shame-guilt-psychological adjustment relationship. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 53, 437–443. A college student sample (109 women, 90 men) was administered measures of psychological adjustment, shame, guilt, personal fear of invalidity, and aspects of empathy, including personal distress in emergencies and fantasy involvement. Consistent with previous studies, shame but not guilt was significantly positively correlated with poor psychological adjustment. Path analyses with bootstrapped mediation tests indicated that the shame-adjustment relationship was significantly mediated by fear of invalidity, personal distress, and fantasy involvement. A novel finding was that the relationship between guilt and maladjustment was significantly mediated by proneness to fantasy. The findings are discussed in terms of an integrated theory of the shame-fear/distress-maladjustment relationship as a framework for understanding the maladaptive, individualistic shame experience.
Secure routing in mobile wireless ad hoc networks

Abstract We discuss several well known contemporary protocols aimed at securing routing in mobile wireless ad hoc networks. We analyze each of these protocols against requirements of ad hoc routing and in some cases identify fallibilities and make recommendations to overcome these problems so as to improve the overall efficacy of these protocols in securing ad hoc routing, without adding any significant computational or communication overhead.
Whose rhyme is whose reason? Sound and sense in Cyrano de Bergerac

This article proposes a new interpretation of the relationship between poetic form and literary interpretation in Rostand's Cyrano de Bergerac, focusing on the special affordances of rhyme and mete...
Everyday Stranger Harassment and Women's Objectification

The present research suggests that stranger harassment (i.e., experi- encing unwanted sexual attention from strangers in public) is a frequent experience for young adult women, and that it has negative implications for their well-being. First, stranger harassment was positively related to self-objectification (Fredrickson & Roberts, Psychol Women Quart 21:173-206 1997). This was true for women who coped with stranger harassment using common strategies (passive, self-blame, or benign), but not for women who used an uncommon, active coping strategy (e.g., confronting the harasser). Second, stranger harassment experiences and self- objectification were positively related to women's fear of and perceived risk of rape. Further, women who feared rape were more likely to restrict their freedom of movement. In concert, the findings suggest that stranger harassment may have both direct and indirect negative effects on women's lives, and that it is a phenomenon worthy of future research.
Novel Allogeneic Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor–Secreting Tumor Vaccine for Pancreatic Cancer: A Phase I Trial of Safety and Immune Activation

PURPOSE: Allogeneic granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)–secreting tumor vaccines can cure established tumors in the mouse, but their efficacy against human tumors is uncertain. We have developed a novel GM-CSF–secreting pancreatic tumor vaccine. To determine its safety and ability to induce antitumor immune responses, we conducted a phase I trial in patients with surgically resected adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with stage 1, 2, or 3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma were enrolled. Eight weeks after pancreaticoduodenectomy, three patients received 1 × 107 vaccine cells, three patients received 5 × 107 vaccine cells, three patients received 10 × 107 vaccine cells, and five patients received 50 × 107 vaccine cells. Twelve of 14 patients then went on to receive a 6-month course of adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. One month after completing adjuvant treatment, six patients still in remission received up to three additional monthly vaccinations with t...
HIGHER ALGEBRAIC K -THEORY OF p-ADIC ORDERS AND TWISTED POLYNOMIAL AND LAURENT SERIES RINGS OVER p-ADIC ORDERS

Let F be a p-adic field (i.e., any finite extension of ), R the ring of integers of F, Λ any R-order in a semisimple F-algebra Σ, α: Λ → Λ an R-automorphism of Λ, T = ⟨ t ⟩, the infinite cyclic group, Λα[t], the α-twisted polynomial ring over Λ and Λα[T], the α-twisted Laurent series ring over Λ. In this article, we study higher K-theory of Λ, Λα[t], and Λα[T]. More precisely, we prove in Section 1 that for all n ≥ 1, SK 2n−1(Λ) is a finite p-group if Σ is a direct product of matrix algebra over fields, in partial answer to an open question whether is a finite p-group if G is any finite group. So, the answer is affirmative if splits. We also prove that NK n (Λ; α): = ker(K n (Λα[t]) → K n (Λ)) is a p-torsion group and also that for n ≥ 2 there exists isomorphisms Finally, we prove that NK n (Λα[T]) is p-torsion. Note that if G is a finite group and Λ =RG such that α(G) = G, then Λα[T] is the group ring RV where V is a virtually infinite cyclic group of the form V = G ⋊α T, where α is an automorphism of G ...
Microbial Metabolic Potential for Carbon Degradation and Nutrient (Nitrogen and Phosphorus) Acquisition in an Ombrotrophic Peatland

This study integrated metagenomic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic approaches to investigate microbial metabolic potential for organic matter decomposition and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) acquisition in soils of an ombrotrophic peatland in the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF), Minnesota, USA. This analysis revealed vertical stratification in key enzymatic pathways and taxa containing these pathways. Metagenomic analyses revealed that genes encoding laccases and dioxygenases, involved in aromatic compound degradation, declined in relative abundance with depth, while the relative abundance of genes encoding metabolism of amino sugars and all four saccharide groups increased with depth in parallel with a 50% reduction in carbohydrate content. Most Cu-oxidases were closely related to genes from Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and type 4 laccase-like Cu-oxidase genes were >8 times more abundant than type 3 genes, suggesting an important and overlooked role for type 4 Cu-oxidase in phenolic compound degradation. Genes associated with sulfate reduction and methanogenesis were the most abundant anaerobic respiration genes in these systems, with low levels of detection observed for genes of denitrification and Fe(III) reduction. Fermentation genes increased in relative abundance with depth and were largely affiliated with Syntrophobacter. Methylocystaceae-like small-subunit (SSU) rRNA genes, pmoA, and mmoX genes were more abundant among methanotrophs. Genes encoding N2 fixation, P uptake, and P regulons were significantly enriched in the surface peat and in comparison to other ecosystems, indicating N and P limitation. Persistence of inorganic orthophosphate throughout the peat profile in this P-limiting environment indicates that P may be bound to recalcitrant organic compounds, thus limiting P bioavailability in the subsurface. Comparative metagenomic analysis revealed a high metabolic potential for P transport and starvation, N2 fixation, and oligosaccharide degradation at MEF relative to other wetland and soil environments, consistent with the nutrient-poor and carbohydrate-rich conditions found in this Sphagnum-dominated boreal peatland.
_The Hit Man From Washington_: Place, Marketable Deviance, and Major League Baseball

This essay examines place in terms of issues of local and global marketing in Major League Baseball (MLB) using the case study of the career of Dominican-born superstar Manny Ramirez. Given its current state of decline in popularity, steroid scandals, and criticisms of lack of representation of domestic, urban men of color among its players, MLB attempts to negotiate U.S. patriotism and international appeal through transnationalism, and global labor and marketing initiatives.The career and construction of Manny Ramirez highlight internal contradictions in this marketing strategy as well as the extent to which readings of Ramirez_s deviant behavior parallel as well as differ from those of other athletes of color in the National Basketball Association and National Football League, favoring an immigrant as opposed to a minority identity.
Liberalism and the Communitarian Critique: A Guide for the Perplexed

During the last decade a good deal of discussion of the “communitarian critique” of liberalism has occurred. The debate is perplexing for a number of reasons. The competing positions are often difficult to characterize (or, sometimes, even to distinguish) and it is often unclear what would be the theoretical or practical significance of affirming one position over the other. In this “guide for the perplexed” the authors discuss two ambiguities and two problems which they believe are central to the debate. Examining these problems and ambiguities suggests some distinctions and confusions, strengths and weaknesses, characteristic of both communitarian and liberal arguments.
EFFECT OF SEVERAL VARIABLES ON THE EXTRACTABILITY OF SUNFLOWER SEED PROTEINS

SUMMARY— The effect of several variables on the extraction of sunflower seed protein has been investigated. Solubility studies on the meal show that globulin is the main protein component. Albumin, nonprotein nitrogen and insoluble nitrogen are very low. Glutelin comprises about 17% of the total nitrogen. 15 min and a meal to solvent ratio of 1:10 (w/v) were found to extract a maximum amount of protein at pH 7.0. The optimum temperature of extraction is 45°C, although over a temperature range of 26-6°C the extraction remains essentially constant. More protein was extracted by 1.0 M NaCl and 0.75 M CaCl2 at various pH's than by the higher or the lower concentrations of these salts. Results with several other salts show that concentration as well as pH is very important. Reducing agents do not appear to have any marked effect on the extractability of protein.
A haptic object-oriented texture rendering system

In the quest for visual realism in computer graphics, surface textures are generated for objects based on a texture image or some procedural model. Similar approaches can be used to make objects feel more realistic with a haptic interface. By using an object oriented approach, a software structure was created to allow the inclusion of various texture rendering algorithms for a 3 DOF haptic device.
Seasonal Variation in the Feeding Ecology of the Grey- Cheeked Mangabey (Lophocebus albigena) in Cameroon

Seasonal fluctuations in resource abundance often cause primates to change their feeding behavior and ecology. The objective of this study was to examine the response of a largely frugivorous monkey, the grey-cheeked mangabey (Lophocebus albigena), to seasonal variations in fruit abundance. We used 15-min scan sampling to quantify feeding, activity, and habitat use by monkeys between February and December 1998 in the Dja Reserve, Cameroon. L. albigena were found to have omnivorous feeding habits, consuming the fruits, seeds, leaves, and flowers of 132 plant species. Although monkeys fed from many plant species, only five plant species accounted for 45% of all feeding records. The number of feeding observations on a plant species was significantly correlated with its fruit production. L. albigena responded to fruit-lean periods by shifting from a diet dominated by fruit to one dominated by seeds, flowers, and young leaves. This diet shift coincided with greater use of swamp habitat and higher dietary diversity. L. albigena spent the greatest percentage of scan samples feeding and traveling, but activities varied significantly over the day. Individuals spent a significantly higher percentage of scan samples feeding during the fruit-rich season than in the fruit-lean season. Comparing our results to those of studies in Gabon and Uganda, we found that L. albigena differ across regions in the number of plant species they consume and time spent feeding. These differences may be a result of variations in tree diversity or the strength of seasonal fluctuations in resource abundance among sites.
An MRI-Derived Definition of MCI-to-AD Conversion for Long-Term, Automatic Prognosis of MCI Patients

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are of great current research interest. While there is no consensus on whether MCIs actually “convert” to AD, this concept is widely applied. Thus, the more important question is not whether MCIs convert, but what is the best such definition. We focus on automatic prognostication, nominally using only a baseline brain image, of whether an MCI will convert within a multi-year period following the initial clinical visit. This is not a traditional supervised learning problem since, in ADNI, there are no definitive labeled conversion examples. It is not unsupervised, either, since there are (labeled) ADs and Controls, as well as cognitive scores for MCIs. Prior works have defined MCI subclasses based on whether or not clinical scores significantly change from baseline. There are concerns with these definitions, however, since, e.g., most MCIs (and ADs) do not change from a baseline CDR = 0.5 at any subsequent visit in ADNI, even while physiological changes may be occurring. These works ignore rich phenotypical information in an MCI patient's brain scan and labeled AD and Control examples, in defining conversion. We propose an innovative definition, wherein an MCI is a converter if any of the patient's brain scans are classified “AD” by a Control-AD classifier. This definition bootstraps design of a second classifier, specifically trained to predict whether or not MCIs will convert. We thus predict whether an AD-Control classifier will predict that a patient has AD. Our results demonstrate that this definition leads not only to much higher prognostic accuracy than by-CDR conversion, but also to subpopulations more consistent with known AD biomarkers (including CSF markers). We also identify key prognostic brain region biomarkers.
Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional for coupled differential-functional equations

This article discusses the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach for the stability problem of coupled differential-functional equations. Such systems include as special cases many types of time-delay systems, including lossless propagation model, some neutral time-delay systems and singular time-delay systems. After the general stability theory, the special case of coupled differential-difference equations is discussed, and the necessity for the existence of quadratic Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is established. Then the stability conditions for systems with time-varying uncertainty are established based on a quadratic Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Discretization is used to render the stability conditions to an LMI form.
Single-piece acrylic intraocular lens implantation in children.

Abstract Purpose To assess the short-term outcomes of single-piece acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in children by determining the incidence of postoperative visual axis opacification and the need for a second procedure to clear the axis, cell deposits on the IOL optic, posterior synechias, and IOL decentration. Setting Miles Center for Pediatric Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Methods This retrospective case review comprised 43 consecutive implantations (33 patients) of a single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL (AcrySof® SA30AL or SA60AT, Alcon). An analysis of 42 eyes with posterior capsulectomy and vitrectomy was performed. Eyes with traumatic cataract and secondary IOLs were excluded. Results Single-piece acrylic IOLs were implanted in 42 eyes. The mean age was 33.5 months ± 28.9 (SD) (range 0.5 to 110 months) and the mean follow-up, 12.0 ± 8.2 months (range 1.0 to 27.5 months). Postoperative opacification of the visual axis occurred in 7 eyes (16.7%). Secondary surgical procedures were required in 5 eyes (11.9%). Lens deposits were observed in 8 eyes (19.0%) and synechias, in 5 eyes (11.9%). All IOLs were well centered postoperatively. Conclusion The short-term data suggest implantation of the AcrySof single-piece hydrophobic acrylic IOL is safe in the pediatric eye.
COMPARISON OF TORQUE AND COUPLER-DRIVEN FOUR-BARS AS SOLUTIONS TO PLANAR FOUR POSITION AND SPHERICAL FOUR ORIENTATION TASKS

This work presents a comparison between two actuation methods for planar and spherical four-bar mechanisms. The first is actuation by a torque applied at either of the fixed pivots. The second actuation method uses a linear actuator connected between ground and the coupler. For any four position task, planar or spherical, a one parameter set of dyads is found that may be used to guide the body through the four positions. Any two of these dyads, when coupled, define a potential four-bar solution to the task. A sampling across the set of all possible mechanisms that solve the four position task may be compared by analyzing the internal static loads of the four-bar mechanisms. The comparison was conducted to determine if coupler-driven four-bars have reduced internal loading when compared to torque-driven mechanisms. Four position tasks were used for comparison of mechanisms designed for the same task, under the assumption that the optimal torque-driven mechanism would have a different set of kinematic parameters than the optimal coupler-driven mechanism.Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Quality Issues of Court Reporters and Transcriptionists for Qualitative Research

Transcription is central to qualitative research, yet few researchers identify the quality of different transcription methods. We explored the quality of verbatim transcripts from traditional transcriptionists and court reporters by reviewing 16 transcripts from 8 focus group discussions using four criteria: transcription errors, cost, time of transcription, and effect on study participants. Transcriptionists made fewer errors, captured colloquial dialogue, and errors were largely influenced by the quality of the recording. Court reporters made more errors, particularly in the omission of topical content and contextual detail, and were less able to produce a verbatim transcript; however, the potential immediacy of the transcript was advantageous. In terms of cost, shorter group discussions favored a transcriptionist and longer groups a court reporter. Study participants reported no effect by either method of recording. Understanding the benefits and limitations of each method of transcription can help res...
The Role of Big Data and Analytics in Health Payer Transformation to Consumer-Centricity

Historically, information management for payers has been focused on enabling efficient operations, such as claims administration and group management.Recently, with the rise of individual insurance and increasing pressure to reduce cost through better health management, healthcare payers are transforming its business to be increasingly consumer-centric. In the healthcare payer setting, consumer-centricity means to put individual consumer at the focus of payer operations. It is to understand and engage individual consumer throughout the insurance lifecycle, from assisting prospects to choose the most suitable product, engaging new enrollees in wellness, to assisting members navigate the healthcare system. In this chapter, we discuss the implications of consumer-centricity and external data explosion on payer information management, ranging from data management, analytics applications and use cases, to the analytics delivery platform. We also discuss how consumer data and open data support this transformation, shedding insights into range of business processes, and expanding the role of informatics in the payer organization.
Histological differentiation of skin toxicity between cetuximab, erlotinib and panitumumab (single ErbB1) and lapatinib (dual ErbB1/2) epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors

e20617 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition by monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors has demonstrated activity in solid tumors. However, blockade of EGFR in skin r...
Depression in Women Who Have Left Violent Relationships The Unique Impact of Frequent Emotional Abuse

Intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure has been associated with poor mental health outcomes for victims, but fewer studies have examined the unique contributions of emotional abuse to mental health. This study explored the contextual relationships between the type and frequency of IPV, community factors, and emotional health. Data were collected from a community-based IPV intervention program. Logistic regression found an increased likelihood of depression for respondents who experienced emotional abuse more than once per week (odds ratio [OR] = 4.864) and were worried about contact by the abuser (OR = 5.898). Results indicate the need for specific policy and practice attention to this issue.
Application of Machine Learning and Parametric NURBS Geometry to Mode Shape Identification

AbstractIn any design, the dynamic characteristics of a part are dependent on its geometric and material properties. Identifying vibrational mode shapes within an iterative design process becomes difficult and time consuming due to the frequently changing part definition. Although research has been done to improve the process, visual inspection of analysis results is still the current means of identifying each vibrational mode determined by a modal analysis. This paper investigates the automation of the mode shape identification process through the use of parametric geometry and machine learning. This allows the designer to gain a more complete view of the parts’ dynamic properties. It also allows for increased time savings over the current standard of visual inspection.
Retrospective Analysis of Some l-Methamphetamine/l-Amphetamine Urine Data

A limited analysis is presented of data accumulated over about three years for specimens containing either nonracemic L-methamphetamine/L-amphetamine or racemic mixtures of the D and L stereoisomers. 55 data points for both nonracemic L-methamphetamine and racemic mixtures show that it is possible to report a specimen containing L-methamphetamine positive for illegal D-methamphetamine based on current guidelines unless chiral assays are performed on selected methamphetamine positives. Generation of only 45 racemic specimens from chiral analysis of about 5,000 urine methamphetamine positives demonstrates the overwhelming prevalence of nonracemic illegal D-methamphetamine in Southern California.
Evolutionary tradeoffs in cellular composition across diverse bacteria

One of the most important classic and contemporary interests in biology is the connection between cellular composition and physiological function. Decades of research have allowed us to understand the detailed relationship between various cellular components and processes for individual species, and have uncovered common functionality across diverse species. However, there still remains the need for frameworks that can mechanistically predict the tradeoffs between cellular functions and elucidate and interpret average trends across species. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of how cellular composition changes across the diversity of bacteria as connected with physiological function and metabolism, spanning five orders of magnitude in body size. We present an analysis of the trends with cell volume that covers shifts in genomic, protein, cellular envelope, RNA and ribosomal content. We show that trends in protein content are more complex than a simple proportionality with the overall genome size, and that the number of ribosomes is simply explained by cross-species shifts in biosynthesis requirements. Furthermore, we show that the largest and smallest bacteria are limited by physical space requirements. At the lower end of size, cell volume is dominated by DNA and protein content—the requirement for which predicts a lower limit on cell size that is in good agreement with the smallest observed bacteria. At the upper end of bacterial size, we have identified a point at which the number of ribosomes required for biosynthesis exceeds available cell volume. Between these limits we are able to discuss systematic and dramatic shifts in cellular composition. Much of our analysis is connected with the basic energetics of cells where we show that the scaling of metabolic rate is surprisingly superlinear with all cellular components.
Lysosomes from rabbit type II cells catabolize surfactant lipids

The role of a lysosome fraction from rabbit type II cells in surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) catabolism was investigated in vivo using radiolabeled DPPC and dihexadecylphosphatidyl...
Study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions Corpus Metadata Extraction Based on XML

In order to assist expert makes explanations for oracle bone inscriptions,first of all,to be solved based on a unified data format to manage the oracle information.It presents a meta-data extraction method based on XML to extract the information is converted to a unified XML format,extracted metadata stored in metadata database,used a view on metadata database for dynamically inserting or deleting,to compensate for metadata extraction not all or the wrong phenomenon.And at the same time through XML Schema document detect grammar format of preservation metadata,is later mapped to oracle bone inscriptions corpus for the grammar of corpus detection.The method for oracle corpus built a new program,as well as laid the groundwork for the later corpus semantic information and expert system reasoning.