cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Inherited cobalamin malabsorption. Mutations in three genes reveal functional and ethnic patterns

Inherited malabsorption of cobalamin (Cbl) causes hematological and neurological abnormalities that can be fatal. Three genes have been implicated in Cbl malabsorption; yet, only about 10% of ~400-500 reported cases have been molecularly studied to date. Recessive mutations in CUBN or AMN cause Imerslund-Grasbeck Syndrome (IGS), while recessive mutations in GIF cause Intrinsic Factor Deficiency (IFD). IGS and IFD differ in that IGS usually presents with proteinuria, which is not observed in IFD. The genetic heterogeneity and numerous differential diagnoses make clinical assessment difficult. We present a large genetic screening study of 154 families or patients with suspected hereditary Cbl malabsorption. Patients and their families have been accrued over a period spanning >12 years. Systematic genetic testing of the three genes CUBN, AMN, and GIF was accomplished using a combination of single strand conformation polymorphism and DNA and RNA sequencing. In addition, six genes that were contenders for a role in inherited Cbl malabsorption were studied in a subset of these patients. Our results revealed population-specific mutations, mutational hotspots, and functionally distinct regions in the three causal genes. We identified mutations in 126/154 unrelated cases (82%). Fifty-three of 126 cases (42%) were mutated in CUBN, 45/126 (36%) were mutated in AMN, and 28/126 (22%) had mutations in GIF. We found 26 undescribed mutations in CUBN, 19 in AMN, and 7 in GIF for a total of 52 novel defects described herein. We excluded six other candidate genes as culprits and concluded that additional genes might be involved. Cbl malabsorption is found worldwide and genetically complex. However, our results indicate that population-specific founder mutations are quite common. Consequently, targeted genetic testing has become feasible if ethnic ancestry is considered. These results will facilitate clinical and molecular genetic testing of Cbl malabsorption. Early diagnosis improves the lifelong care required by these patients and prevents potential neurological long-term complications. This study provides the first comprehensive overview of the genetics that underlies the inherited Cbl malabsorption phenotype.
A transmembrane current model in a stylized form

A mathematical model that approximates the propagating transmembrane current is developed. The model gives direct evaluation of the cardiac sources and avoids the singularity at the origin of excitation which was the major problem with the previous tanh approximation of the transmembrane potential. This model provides a useful tool in modeling cardiac sources and in evaluating the cardiac electric field. >
Effects of depression upon reading: a case for distinguishing effortful from automatic processes.

This study was designed to test the view that depression would have selective effects upon effortful but not automatic aspects of reading. Relationships were determined between 59 fifth graders' depression scores (on the Children's Depression Inventory and a teacher's rating of depression) and their performance on measures of automatic aspects of reading (word recognition and word attack skills) and effortful aspects of reading (comprehension). A stepwise multiple regression, using statistical controls for sex and mental ability, showed expected relationships of depression to over-all comprehension for the 7. teachers' ratings, but not for the inventory. As expected, relationships of depression to word recognition and word attack scores were statistically non-significant.
Weak duplicate address detection in mobile ad hoc networks

Auto-configuration is a desirable goal in implementing mobile ad hoc networks. Specifically, automated dynamic assignment (without manual intervention) of IP addresses is desirable. In traditional networks, such dynamic address assignment is often performed using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Implementing DHCP, however, requires access to a DHCP server. In mobile ad hoc networks, it is difficult to guarantee access to a DHCP server, since ad hoc networks can become partitioned due to host mobility. Therefore, alternative mechanisms must be employed. One plausible approach is to allow a node to pick a tentative address randomly (or using some locally available information), and then use a "duplicate address detection" (DAD) procedure to detect duplicate addresses. The previously proposed DAD procedures make use of timeouts and do not always perform correctly in presence of partitions. In networks where message delays cannot be bounded, use of timeouts can lead to unreliability. Therefore, we propose an alternative approach (which can be used in conjunction with previously proposed schemes). We refer to the proposed approach as "weak" duplicate address detection. The goal of weak DAD is to prevent a packet from being routed to the "wrong" destination node, even if two nodes in the network happen to have chosen the same IP address. We also propose an enhanced version of the weak DAD scheme, which removes a potential shortcoming of the weak DAD approach.
Practice of Pediatric Orthopaedics

Lynn T. Staheli. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. 448 pages. $159.00. Dr. Staheli is well known for his common-sense, whole-child-focused approach to pediatric orthopaedics. In this book, intended for an audience of general orthopaedists and residents, he provides a broad, well-organized review of mainstream pediatric orthopaedic practice. Dr. Staheli has reversed the usual roles of the author and editor. He wrote the text and then arranged for at least two acknowledged authorities to edit each section. …
Increasing Influence of the Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning: Documentation of Indexing in Prominent Databases

Since 2006, the editor of the Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning has worked to increase its visibility among researchers with its inclusion in a variety of indexing services. As a result, JFCP is now indexed in 30 multi-disciplinary and subject-specific databases. The 2008 inclusion of JFCP in Scopus has led to an increase in the journal’s influence, as noted by the rise in its Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) indicator. Additionally, the number of libraries with access to JFCP has grown exponentially since 2006. All of these factors contribute to the growing influence of the JFCP with scholars and financial professionals
Predicting Treatment Attrition for Child Sexual Abuse Victims The Role of Child Trauma and Co-Occurring Caregiver Intimate Partner Violence

Sexually abused children drop out of treatment more frequently than children receiving services for other issues. While researchers suggest that chaotic family dynamics may lead to inflated attriti...
Expressing Intent: An Exploration of Rich Interactions

In this paper, we describe Expressing Intent - our initial exploration of rich interactions between human actors and three connected objects -- (1) a bookshelf that learns about taste, (2) a radio that determines mood, and (3) a window that augments visual reality. These objects interpret and express 'intent' in a multitude of ways within the context of a shared office space. Objects with intent, or animistic qualities, can evoke diverse reactions from human actors, depending on how they are designed. To investigate the effects of multiple human and non-human actors interacting with self-interest in mind, we deliberately designed each object with distinct needs and values that complement human behavior when placed in a shared office space. The resultant system of interactions involves cascading relations between object-object, human-object and object-human. Further, after our initial prototype, we discover prime areas in interaction design that warrant further exploration. Specifically, the implications of incorporating animism in object design, objects with needs and values independent of their users, and the implications of designing connected heterogeneous ecosystems (i.e. distinct but cooperative objects) vs. homogenous ecosystems (i.e. uniform and cooperative objects).
Influence of Defects on the Charge Density Wave of ([SnSe]1+δ)1(VSe2)1 Ferecrystals

A series of ferecrystalline compounds ([SnSe]1+δ)1(VSe2)1 with varying Sn/V ratios were synthesized using the modulated elemental reactant technique. Temperature-dependent specific heat data reveal a phase transition at 102 K, where the heat capacity changes abruptly. An abrupt increase in electrical resistivity occurs at the same temperature, correlated with an abrupt increase in the Hall coefficient. Combined with the magnitude and nature of the specific heat discontinuity, this suggests that the transition is similar to the charge density wave transitions in transition metal dichalcogenides. An ordered intergrowth was formed over a surprisingly wide compositional range of Sn/V ratios of 0.89 ≤ 1 + δ ≤ 1.37. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveal the formation of various volume defects in the compounds in response to the nonstoichiometry. The electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient data of samples with different Sn/V ratios show systematic variation in the carrier concentratio...
Motivations of Female Black Hills Deer Hunters

State fish and wildlife agencies are particularly interested in attracting female participation because of the potential to offset declining participation in hunting. Understanding female hunters’ ...
Serum levels of cholesterol and lipoproteins in rhesus monkeys: comparison of the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and the progestin, levonorgestrel

Levonorgestrel, a progestational steroid, and the more widely used antigonadotropin, danazol have been used in the treatment of endometriosis. Both of these agents decrease serum levels of HDL cholesterol. Recently, GnRH agonists came into use for treatment of endometriosis. Our objective in this study was to compare the effects of levonorgestrel and a GnRH analog on serum cholesterol levels in rhesus monkeys being treated for surgically induced endometriosis. A high dose of levonorgestrel significantly reduced total serum cholesterol and HDL cholesterol during a 12-week treatment period. Levonorgestrel had no significant effects on the concentration of LDL/VLDL cholesterol or the percentage of total cholesterol in the HDL fraction. Conversely, the GnRH agonist had no significant effect on total serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL/VLDL cholesterol, or the percentage of HDL cholesterol. Because the concentration of HDL cholesterol is closely correlated with atherosclerotic risk, this factor should be weighed in the overall risk/benefit analysis for the patient with endometriosis.
Cases 14, 15, 16, and 17

Self-assessment case studies illustrating prudent selection of antimicrobial agents in primary syphilis, gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethritis, and gonococcal dermatitis-arthritis syndrome
Population response of the invasive crayfish Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870) (Decapoda: Astacoidea: Cambaridae) to restoration: What are the consequences of changes in predatory regulation and physical habitat in Fossil Creek, Arizona, USA?

We examined the response of a population of an invading non-indigenous crayfish, Orconectes virilis (Hagen, 1870), to a stream restoration project in travertine-forming Fossil Creek, Arizona, USA. Restoration included the re-establishment of the natural flow regime after the decommissioning of a dam and removal of non-native predatory fishes. The goal was to determine if changes in the dominant predatory fishes or changes in physical habitat variables, including substrate modification and base flow influence changes in crayfish abundance. We predicted that increased and unregulated flows and velocities would not generally decrease crayfish abundance, and that the removal of non-native fishes would increase the number of crayfish while local substrate modification by travertine deposition, a form of limestone which fills in interstitial spaces, would decrease the number of crayfish. Consistent with our predictions, there were not generalized decreases in crayfish abundance throughout the river following restoration. More detailed observations of different reaches, however, indicates that fish species and density exert some regulation over crayfish numbers. Crayfish abundance decreased following restoration where exotic fishes remain but slightly increased in numbers where they were removed. Areas in the river with increased travertine deposition had the largest declines following restoration. These observations suggest that crayfish abundance in this system is limited by substrate modification by travertine and to a lesser extent by regulation of fish predation.
HADRIAN THE TRAVELER. Motifs and Expressions of Roman Imperial Power in the Vita Hadriani

This paper explores the links between travel and power that the journeys of Hadrian in the Vita Hadriani reveal, and suggests that these links have broader implications for our interpretation of the Historia Augusta as a whole, and of its author's literary skill and political awareness. It offers a close reading of the contexts in which Hadrian is depicted traveling in the Vita Hadriani, and argues that they may be interpreted as part of an internal dialog over alternate strategies for expressing and legitimating imperial power. It suggests that it is the moments when Hadrian is in the act of traveling that provide the clearest clues as to our author's attitude towards appropriate behavior by an emperor.
Deconjugative alkylation/Heck reaction as a simple platform for dihydronaphthalene synthesis

A simple platform for carbocycle synthesis by Knoevenagel adduct deconjugative alkylation/Heck reaction is described. Deconjugative alkylation of Knoevenagels adducts is two-fold synthetically enabling because C–C bond formation is (1) operationally simple due to the ease of Knoevenagel adduct carbanion generation and (2) results in alkene migration, which poises the substrate for cyclization. Furthermore, the gem-dinitrile moiety serves as a functional group for synthetic manipulation.
Dental implant bioactive surface modifications and their effects on osseointegration: a review

The purpose of this article is to review and update the current developments of biologically active dental implant surfaces and their effect on osseointegration. PubMed was searched for entries from January 2006 to January 2016. Only in-vivo studies that evaluated the effects of biomolecular coatings on titanium dental implants inserted into the bone of animals or humans were included. Thirty four non-review studies provided data and observations were included in this review. Within the criteria, four categories of biomolecular coatings were evaluated. The potential biomolecules include bone morphogenetic proteins in 8 articles, other growth factors in 8 articles, peptides in 5 articles, and extracellular matrix in 13 articles. Most articles had a healing period of 1 to 3 months and the longest time of study was 6 months. In addition, all studies comprised of implants inserted in animals except for one, which evaluated implants placed in both animals and humans. The results indicate that dental implant surface modification with biological molecules seem to improve performance as demonstrated by histomorphometric analysis (such as percentage of bone-to-implant contact and peri-implant bone density) and biomechanical testing (such as removal torque, push-out/pull-out tests, and resonance frequency analysis). Bioactive surface modifications on implant surfaces do not always offer a beneficial effect on osseointegration. Nevertheless, surface modifications of titanium dental implants with biomolecular coatings seem to promote peri-implant bone formation, resulting in enhanced osseointegration during the early stages of healing. However, long-term clinical studies are needed to validate this result. In addition, clinicians must keep in mind that results from animal experiments need not necessarily reflect the human clinical reality.
Far-Red and Near-Infrared Seminaphthofluorophores for Targeted Pancreatic Cancer Imaging.

Molecular probes that selectively highlight pancreatic cancer (PC) tissue have the potential to improve pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) margin assessment through the selective highlighting of individual PC cells. Herein, we report a simple and unique family of systematically modified red and near-infrared fluorescent probes that exhibit a field-effect-derived redshift. Two of thirteen probes distributed to the normal mouse pancreas following systemic administration. One selectively accumulated in genetically modified mouse models of PDAC. The probe exhibited intracellular accumulation and enabled visualization of four levels of the structure, including the whole organ, resected tissue, individual cells, and subcellular organelles. In contrast to the small-molecule probes reported previously, it possesses an inherent affinity toward PDAC cells and thus does not require conjugation to any targeting agent. The fluorescent probe can thus promote new strategies not only for precision image-guided surge...
Data-enabled public preferences inform integration of autonomous vehicles with transit-oriented development in Atlanta

Abstract Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have emerged as a transformative technology with the potential to both fundamentally improve lives in cities but also to exacerbate suburban sprawl, vehicle miles traveled and the associated greenhouse gas emissions. Are communities willing to adopt best practices that can lead to early adoption of more sustainable outcomes? This paper presents innovative means to analyze social preferences, demand for AVs, and the potential to resolve community concerns with integrated solutions. We discuss our comprehensive analysis of unstructured and structured data from a survey on AVs that was conducted by the Atlanta Regional Commission in 2015. We used topic modeling to synthesize the “topics” from 1540 comments. The topics captured Atlanta residents' concerns and suggestions about implementing AVs. Further, sentiment analysis revealed people's attitudes on the topics. Accordingly, we proposed an integration of AVs and transit-oriented development (TOD: the development of compact and mixed-use communities around high quality mass transit services within a 10-min walking distance). The second type of data is people's responses to multiple-choice questions about AVs and TOD, which we call structured data. Using latent-class analysis, we identified heterogeneity in preferences for AVs and TOD. More Atlanta residents are willing to live in transit-oriented communities than traditional automobile-dependent ones if AVs save time and improve productivity. This finding portends the future success of combining AVs with TOD and reaping the sustainable benefits of this transformative technology.
‘We told them that we are both really involved parents’: sexual minority and heterosexual adoptive parents’ engagement in school communities

ABSTRACTThe current qualitative study examines how parents’ sexual orientation, gender, and other social locations intersect to shape their experiences with and connection to their children’s school communities. We applied thematic analysis to interview data from 90 adoptive parents in 45 couples (15 lesbian, 15 gay, 15 heterosexual) in the USA, whose children were mostly in preschool and kindergarten. Parents reported being involved in a variety of ways (e.g. school committees, donations). Gay male couples and heterosexual couples more often described differential involvement, whereby one partner was more involved at school than the other. Benefits of involvement included reduced likelihood of marginalisation (among lesbian/gay participants in particular) and influencing the school to create change. Parents described mixed experiences with other parents; feelings of disconnection sometimes resulted from difficult dynamics related to sexual orientation, gender, and their intersection.
Role of Borderline Personality Disorder in the Treatment of Military Sexual Trauma-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with Cognitive Processing Therapy

Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is an effective evidence-based treatment for many, but not all, veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Understanding the factors that contribute to poorer response to CPT is important for providing the best care to veterans diagnosed with PTSD. Researchers investigating the effectiveness of CPT for individuals with comorbid personality symptoms have found that borderline personality disorder (BPD) characteristics do not negatively affect treatment outcome; however, participants in those studies were not diagnosed with BPD. The current pilot study investigated the effect of a BPD diagnosis on CPT dropout and outcomes. Data were compiled from a larger randomized clinical trial. Twenty-seven female veterans with military sexual trauma-related PTSD received CPT. Dropout was evaluated by treatment completion and number of sessions attended. Treatment outcome was assessed by the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the PTSD Checklist (PCL). No significant differences were observed between veterans with and without BPD comorbidity for number of treatment sessions attended, and there was not a significant relationship between comorbidity status and treatment completion. A hierarchical linear modeling approach was used with BPD entered as a level 2 predictor of outcome. In our sample, veterans with BPD had higher PTSD symptom severity on the CAPS at baseline compared to veterans without BPD comorbidity. CPT was effective in reducing PTSD symptoms; however, BPD diagnosis did not influence treatment response over time on the CAPS or PCL. Our results provide initial support for the use of CPT in female veterans with MST-related PTSD and comorbid BPD.
Precipitation, Circulation, and Cloud Variability Over the Past Two Decades

To better understand the variability of precipitation, circulation, and cloud, we examine the precipitation, vertical velocity, total cloud fraction, condensed water path, and ice water path from observations and 13 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) models over 1988–2008. All variables are averaged over wet areas and dry areas to investigate temporal variations of different variables over these regions. We found that all models demonstrate similar temporal variations of precipitation as the observational data from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project, with positive trend over wet areas (6.22 ± 3.75 mm/mon/decade) and negative trend over dry areas (−0.77 ± 0.54 mm/mon/decade). Positive trends of vertical velocity, total cloud fraction, condensed water path, and ice water path are also found in the observations and models over the wet areas. Observations also demonstrate decreasing trends of vertical velocity, total clouds, condensed water path, and ice water path over the dry areas, which can be simulated by most models with a few exceptions. The qualitatively consistent trends in these variables (i.e., vertical velocity, cloud, liquid, and ice water contents) as revealed from the observations and CMIPS models provide a clearer picture of the dynamics and physics behind the temporal variations of precipitation over different areas.
Deformation structures including twins in nanograined pure metals

Abstract: This chapter discusses deformation structures observed in nanograined metals and the proposed formation mechanisms associated with each defect structure. This review is limited to experimental observations in pure metals and predominately to transmission electron microscopy studies due to the length scale of interest. The defect structures that have been observed and will be discussed include: perfect and partial dislocation structures, twins, dislocation loops, disclinations, and other unexpected defect structures. Several of these defects are not observed or are not present at equivalent densities in coarse-grained metals, suggesting the activation of alternative deformation mechanisms. These effects will be highlighted by a few key experiments. Theory and modeling will be used to aid the interpretation of the experimental results, particularly in cases in which time-resolved results at the appropriate spatial resolution are not available.
Amygdaloid Body, Hippocampal Formation, and “Limbic System”

The amygdaloid body and hippocampal formation are two large structures in the temporal lobe. They are intimately related to other areas of the cerebral cortex as well as to a number of subcortical structures in the brain and the brain stem.
Emotional appeals and news values as factors of shareworthiness in Ice Bucket Challenge coverage

The 2014 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Ice Bucket Challenge (IBC) received unprecedented attention by both news media and social media audiences. Using content analysis, this research examines how digital news utilized different news values and emotional appeals to cover the IBC. In addition, this work includes a secondary analysis that examines what coverage characteristics influenced social media audiences to share content on Facebook and Twitter. Results reveal that while celebrity participation and human interest stories were more likely to be covered, news values played a limited role in predicting audience sharing practices. Articles that use emotions in a story are more likely to entice sharing on Facebook than on Twitter.
Adenoma detection rate: the perfect colonoscopy quality measure or is there more?

Colonoscopy has been established as the gold standard for the screening of colorectal cancer (CRC). To help reduce the known variations in colonoscopy quality that exist from provider to provider, quality indicators have been established. Good quality indicators that have been established include the endoscopist’s adenoma detection rate (ADR), a reportable rate of the endoscopist’s ability to find adenomas, attempt of endoscopic removal of pedunculated polyps and large (<2 cm) sessile polyps prior to surgical referral, and cecal intubation.
Site characterization with 3D elastic full-waveform tomography

ABSTRACTWe have developed a 3D elastic full-waveform inversion (FWI) method for geotechnical site characterization. The method is based on a solution of 3D elastic-wave equations for forward modeli...
Regulation of Calcium Slow Channel Function by Metabolism and Cyclic Nucleotides

The use of cultured heart cells (primary cultures) has a number of advantages over intact noncultured cardiac muscle preparations, and these advantages have been listed and discussed previously (1). The major advantages include the facts that (a) the cells can be chronically exposed to drugs and other chemicals over long periods; (b) the cells are denervated, and so direct effects of chemicals on the myocardial cells can be assessed; (c) possible effects of chemicals on changes in blood flow can be disregarded; (d) the cultures can be purified so that they consist primarily of myocytes, i.e., preponderantly one cell type; this is especially important for metabolic and biochemical assay studies; and (e) contractions of the monolayer cultures or reaggreate cultures can be directly observed under the microscope. If the cultures are prepared as monolayers, the contractions of individual cells can be observed, and the monolayers make a good preparation, consisting of two compartments (intracellular and extracellular) for ion flux studies. Reaggregate cultures have the advantage of being able to be impaled relatively easily with one or two intracellular microelectrodes for electrophysiological experiments.
High-Resolution Acoustic Arrays Using Optimum Symmetrical-Number-System Processing

We have presented the concept of designing an acoustic array and its signal processing based on the properties of the Optimum Symmetrical Number System (OSNS). The folding properties of the OSNS can be applied to the folding properties of the electronic phase detectors in the array processing system. Table 3 summarizes the relations between the OSNS assumptions and the array system properties. The number of moduli, N, determines the number of elements (N+1) and the number of processing channels. It also contributes to the total number of comparators required. The product of the moduli determines the dynamic range of the system, M. This property determines the element spacing and the angular resolution. Generally, for a given resolution, one can tradeoff the overall length of the array against the number of channels (and the number of comparators).
THERMODYNAMICS | Saturated Adiabatic Processes

This article is reproduced from the previous edition, volume 6, pp 2278–2282, © 2003, Elsevier Ltd.
Synthesis of coral-shaped gold nanoparticles for SERS sensing applications

This research describes a new method of aqueous synthesis of gold nanoparticles in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and folic acid through a seed-mediated growth approach. These nanoparticles have a shape similar to corals, and therefore, we referred to them as 'gold nanocorals' (AuNCs). Specifically, AuNCs consist of a solid core surrounded densely by branches. The branches exhibit nanosized roughness that creates multiple plasmonic hot-spots that increase AuNCs' SERS activity. In this study, we demonstrated that at the fast scanning times necessary for biomedical applications, AuNCs exhibit an analytical enhancement factor greater than 103 and 7 times greater enhancement of the Raman signal compared to gold nanostars. AuNCs-based SERS substrates demonstrated a good ability to reproduce signals collected, and thereby confirmed AuNCs feasibility in generating reliable and sensitive SERS substrates.
Evaluating the consistency between prescriptive and performance-based seismic design approaches for reinforced concrete moment frame buildings

Abstract The performance of 4- and 8-story reinforced concrete (RC) moment frame buildings designed in accordance with ASCE/SEI 7–10 is assessed using ASCE/SEI 41. Practicing engineers are increasingly using ASCE/SEI 41 as the standard to implement performance-based seismic design and to demonstrate the adequacy of the seismic performance of new buildings. However, ASCE/SEI 41 was originally developed to assess the structural performance of existing buildings. On the other hand, ASCE 7 is a prescriptive standard that has been used for the design of new buildings for several decades. The correlation between the target performance of the ASCE/SEI 41- and ASCE 7-code compliant buildings is unknown for RC moment frames. In order to compare the anticipated structural performance between ASCE/SEI 7 and ASCE/SEI 41, the seismic performance of 4- and 8-story ASCE/SEI 7 code-compliant special reinforced concrete moment frame buildings is assessed based on the four evaluation methodologies defined in the Tier 3 analysis of ASCE/SEI 41 for the collapse prevention and life safety performance levels. The evaluation results show that depending on the ASCE/SEI 41 evaluation approach employed, the buildings designed per ASCE/SEI 7 may not meet the expected performance in ASCE/SEI 41 and need to be retrofitted.
The pancreas and oxygen consumption (Part 2). Steroids do not modify resting pancreatic oxygen consumption in dogs: a preliminary report.

In order to evaluate the effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) on the alteration of pancreatic oxygen consumption (VO2) in hypovolemic shock, MPSS was administered to four normal canines and three hypovolemic animals. All were treated according to the protocol used in the initial report. (The Pancreas and Oxygen Consumption 1: Pancreatic Oxygen Consumption in Normo- and Hypovolemic Dogs.) All seven underwent a splenectomy at the beginning of the experiment. Pancreatic VO2, obtained by adding up VO2 for the head (minus the uncinate process) and tail of the pancreas, was equal to the product of regional blood flow,Q, determined electromagnetically on the gastroduodenal (GDA) and splenic (SA) arteries, times O2 extraction, (a-v)O2; O2 content (in mL%) was measured in the femoral artery (RFA), in the splenic (SV) and superior pancreaticoduodenal (SPDV) veins. Similar determinations were carried out on the right hind limb that served as a control.
Astro2020 White Paper: A Direct Measure of Cosmic Acceleration

Author(s): Eikenberry, Stephen; Gonzalez, Anthony; Darling, Jeremy; Slepian, Zachary; Mueller, Guido; Conklin, John; Fulda, Paul; Jeram, Sarik; Dong, Chenxing; Townsend, Amanda; Likamonsavad, Manunya | Abstract: Nearly a century after the discovery that we live in an expanding Universe, and two decades after the discovery of accelerating cosmic expansion, there remains no direct detection of this acceleration via redshift drift - a change in the cosmological expansion velocity versus time. Because cosmological redshift drift directly determines the Hubble parameter H(z), it is arguably the cleanest possible measurement of the expansion history, and has the potential to constrain dark energy models (e.g. Kim et al. 2015). The challenge is that the signal is small - the best observational constraint presently has an uncertainty several orders of magnitude larger than the expected signal (Darling 2012). Nonetheless, direct detection of redshift drift is becoming feasible, with upcoming facilities such as the ESO-ELT and SKA projecting possible detection within two to three decades. This timescale is uncomfortably long given the potential of this cosmological test. With dedicated experiments it should be possible to rapidly accelerate progress and detect redshift drift with only a five-year observational baseline. Such a facility would also be ideal for precision radial velocity measurements of exoplanets, which could be obtained as a byproduct of the ongoing calibration measurements for the experiment.
Comparing the effect of the novel ionic cocrystal of lithium salicylate proline (LISPRO) with lithium carbonate and lithium salicylate on memory and behavior in female APPswe/PS1dE9 Alzheimer's mice.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive decline of cognition and associated neuropsychiatric signs including weight loss, anxiety, depression, agitation, and aggression, which is particularly pronounced in the female gender. Previously we have shown that a novel ionic co- crystal of lithium salicylate proline (LISPRO) is an improved lithium formulation compared to the carbonate or salicylate form of lithium in terms of safety and efficacy in reducing AD pathology in Alzheimer’s mice. The current study is designed to compare the prophylactic effects of LISPRO, lithium carbonate (LC), and lithium salicylate (LS) on cognitive and non-cognitive impairments in female transgenic APPSWE/PS1dE9 AD mice. Female APPSWE/PS1dE9 mice at 4 months of age were orally treated with low-dose LISPRO, LS, or LC for 9 months at 2.25 mmol lithium/kg/day followed by determination of body weight, growth of internal organs, and cognitive and non-cognitive behavior. No significant differences in body or internal organ weight, anxiety or locomotor activity were found between lithium treated and untreated APPSWE/PS1dE9 cohorts. LISPRO, LC, and LS prevented spatial cognitive decline, as determined by Morris water maze and depression as determined by tail suspension test. In addition, LISPRO treatment was superior in preventing associative-memory decline determined by contextual fear conditioning and reducing irritability determined by touch escape test in comparison with LC and LS. In conclusion, low-dose LISPRO, LC, and LS treatment prevent spatial cognitive decline and depression-like behavior, while LISPRO prevented hippocampal dependent associative-memory decline and irritability in APPSWE/PS1dE9 mice.
Learning to Teach IR: An Active Learning Approach

This chapter discusses how I evolved as a teacher thus far and learned to teach IR in a way that works for me. Not satisfied with the classic lecture styles I had witnessed at large public schools, the small liberal arts setting I transitioned to after graduate school allowed me freedom to explore active learning approaches that enriched the learning experience for both my students and me. These approaches included community-bases learning courses as well as travel immersion courses. Though still growing as a teacher, I conclude the chapter by offering some lessons on what I have learned so far on teaching IR and what drives my passion for teaching students about this challenging and fascinating field.
Anisotropy and orbital moment in Sm-Co permanent magnets

Structural and magnetic properties of iron-free and iron-substituted $\mathrm{SmC}{\mathrm{o}}_{5}$ have been investigated theoretically and experimentally. The nanocrystalline ribbons of ${\mathrm{SmCo}}_{5\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}(0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}2)$, which were produced by rapid solidification, crystallize in the hexagonal $\mathrm{CaC}{\mathrm{u}}_{5}$ structure for $x\ensuremath{\le}0.75$. Small Fe additions $(x=0.25)$ substantially improve the coercivity, from 0.45 to 2.70 T, which we interpret as combined intrinsic and extrinsic effect. Most of our findings are consistent with past samarium-cobalt research, but some are at odds with findings that have seemingly been well established through decades of rare-earth transition-metal research. In particular, our local spin-density approximation with Hubbard parameter calculations indicate that the electronic structure of the Sm atoms violates Hund's rules and that the orbital moment is strongly quenched. Possible reasons for the apparent disagreement between theory and experiment are discussed. We explicitly determine the dependence of the Sm $4f$ charge distribution, arguing that an accurate density-functional description of $\mathrm{SmC}{\mathrm{o}}_{5}$ is a challenge to future research.
A Low-Cost Planar Inkjet-Printed Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor for Sensor Applications

The semiconductor based transistor is the most essential building block of electronic components, computing applications, and sensors. However, the fabrication of this primary electronic element is complex and costly, especially when considering flexible electronics for bio-sensing applications. This paper proposes a planar inkjet-printed carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) on paper and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate to reduce the complexity of the system and lower the cost of conventional fabrication schemes. Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are being used as semi-conductive ink for an inkjet-printer to facilitate and fabricate two types of transistors. Both thin (0.3 mm gate separation) and thick (0.5 mm gate separation) transistors with wide (4 mm) and narrow (2 mm) channel length have shown nearly linear characteristics of resistivity for a range of applied gate voltages. Our mathematical model based on experimental results shows great usefulness of the proposed inkjet-printed CNTFET for various electronic applications including but not limited to bio-sensors, healthcare measurements, and circuits.
Random perturbation and bagging to quantify input uncertainty

We consider the problem of estimating the output variance in simulation analysis that is contributed from the statistical errors in fitting the input models, the latter often known as the input uncertainty. This variance contribution can be written in terms of the sensitivity estimate of the output and the variance of the input distributions or parameters, via the delta method. We study the direct use of this representation in obtaining efficient estimators for the input-contributed variance, by using finite-difference and random perturbation to approximate the gradient, focusing especially in the nonparametric case. In particular, we analyze a particular type of random perturbation motivated from resampling that connects to an infinitesimal jackknife estimator used in bagging. We illustrate the optimal simulation allocation and the simulation effort complexity of this scheme, and show some supporting numerical results.
Couples' behavior during conflict in the lab and diurnal cortisol patterns in daily life.

Abstract The current study tested whether positive and negative behaviors exhibited by couples during conflict interactions assessed in the laboratory are associated with individuals’ diurnal cortisol patterns (i.e., circadian rhythms in cortisol across the course of the day) outside of the lab. Participants (N = 82) provided a total of 18 salivary cortisol samples over a 3-day period and came into the lab with their spouse to engage in two ten-minute dyadic conflict discussions. These videotaped interactions were coded to assess the intensity with which couples displayed various positive behaviors (e.g., humor, affection) and negative behaviors (e.g., defensiveness, frustration) during the conflict discussions. Multi-level modeling was used to examine the associations between couples’ positive and negative behavior during conflict discussions and diurnal cortisol patterns in daily life. Results showed links between overall positive, but not negative, behaviors and diurnal cortisol patterns. Individuals who experienced more positive behaviors with their partner during the conflict discussion showed a steeper (“healthier”) cortisol slope across the day in their daily lives. Exploratory analyses investigating the association between specific positive and negative behaviors and diurnal cortisol revealed that affection and scorn were associated with diurnal cortisol patterns in daily life. This research advances our understanding of the impact of social relationships on physical health from a biopsychosocial perspective and has implications for understanding how the ways in which couples resolve conflict are linked to health-related biological processes in daily life.
Measuring objective knowledge of potable recycled water

Reliable clean drinking water is becoming increasingly scarce. One potential additional source of drinking water is recycled water. However, public acceptance of potable recycled drinking water is low. One likely factor involved in the acceptance of recycled drinking water is objective knowledge about recycled water. In three studies (N = 229, 590, and 200), we developed a 34-item measure of objective knowledge of recycled drinking water. The objective knowledge measure was often a strong and unique predictor of intentions to accept and use recycled drinking water compared to other prominent factors including disgust and subjective knowledge of recycled water. Measuring knowledge of recycled drinking water holds the potential to estimate how and whether educational interventions aimed at increasing acceptance of recycled drinking water programs work.
Pediatric Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Clinical Presentation, Infectivity, and Immune Responses.

Objectives As schools plan for re-opening, understanding the potential role children play in the coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the factors that drive severe illness in children is critical. Study design Children ages 0-22 years with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection presenting to urgent care clinics or being hospitalized for confirmed/suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) at Massachusetts General Hospital were offered enrollment in the Massachusetts General Hospital Pediatric COVID-19 Biorepository. Enrolled children provided nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and/or blood specimens. SARS-CoV-2 viral load, ACE2 RNA levels, and serology for SARS-CoV-2 were quantified. Results A total of 192 children (mean age, 10.2 ± 7.0 years) were enrolled. Forty-nine children (26%) were diagnosed with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection; an additional 18 children (9%) met the criteria for MIS-C. Only 25 children (51%) with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection presented with fever; symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, if present, were nonspecific. Nasopharyngeal viral load was highest in children in the first 2 days of symptoms, significantly higher than hospitalized adults with severe disease (P = .002). Age did not impact viral load, but younger children had lower angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression (P = .004). Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were increased in severe MIS-C (P Conclusions This study reveals that children may be a potential source of contagion in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic despite having milder disease or a lack of symptoms; immune dysregulation is implicated in severe postinfectious MIS-C.
Effects of Photoionization and Photoheating on Lyman-alpha Forest Properties from Cholla Cosmological Simulations

The density and temperature properties of the intergalactic medium (IGM) reflect the heating and ionization history during cosmological structure formation, and are primarily probed by the Lyman-alpha forest of neutral hydrogen absorption features in the observed spectra of background sources (Gunn & Peterson 1965). We present the methodology and initial results from the Cholla IGM Photoheating Simulation (CHIPS) suite performed with the Graphics Process Unit-accelerated Cholla code to study the IGM at high, uniform spatial resolution maintained over large volumes. In this first paper, we examine the IGM structure in CHIPS cosmological simulations that include IGM uniform photoheating and photoionization models where hydrogen reionization completes early (Haardt & Madau 2012) or by redshift z~6 (Puchwein et al. 2019). Comparing with observations of the large- and small-scale Lyman-alpha transmitted flux power spectra P(k) at redshifts 2 ~ 0.01 s/km at redshifts 2 ~4.5 the observed flux P(k) amplitude increases at a rate intermediate between the models, and we argue that for models where hydrogen reionization completes late (z~5.5 - 6) resolving this disagreement will require inhomogeneous or 'patchy' reionization. (Abridged)
Examining Depression Symptoms With/Without Coexisting Anxiety Symptoms in Community-Dwelling Persons With Dementia:

Depression and anxiety are common in persons with dementia (PWD) and associated with poor outcomes. We explored frequency, pharmacologic management and mental health service use in PWD and depression symptoms with/without coexisting anxiety symptoms. The sample comprised 160 community-dwelling PWD in a trial to prevent development of aggression. Baseline data on depression and anxiety symptoms, psychotropic medications and mental health service use were examined. Regarding participants, 65 (41%) lacked clinically significant depression or anxiety symptoms, 45 (28%) had depression symptoms, 43 (27%) had depression and anxiety symptoms, and 7 (4%) had anxiety symptoms. Comorbid anxiety was associated with more severe depression symptoms. One third with depression symptoms and one half with depression and anxiety symptoms were taking an antidepressant. Mental health service use was very low, regardless of depression symptom severity or coexisting anxiety. Research needs to evaluate therapies for depressed PWD, but treatment of those with comorbid anxiety and depression is more urgent. Clinical Trial Registration for Parent Trial: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02380703).
Diagnosing Lemierre's Syndrome as the Cause of Multifocal Pneumonia During the COVID-19 Pandemic

A 21-year-old male with no past medical history presented with a sore throat, cough, and shortness of breath after attending a party days earlier. He was initially treated for community-acquired pneumonia, but subsequently developed a new oxygen requirement. CT imaging of the chest showed multifocal airspace disease, concerning for COVID-19. Testing for SARS-CoV-2 was negative by RT-PCR and antibody testing. Blood cultures subsequently grew Streptococcus anginosus. A CT scan of his neck demonstrated a right peritonsillar abscess and right internal-jugular thrombus, consistent with Lemierre's syndrome. He underwent incision and drainage of the peritonsillar abscess and completed 4 weeks of IV antibiotics, which improved his symptoms. It is important to recognize that the differential diagnosis of multifocal pneumonia is broad and includes Lemierre's syndrome. The COVID-19 pandemic presents challenges with regards to anchoring bias for multifocal pneumonia.