cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of large DNA deletions affecting oil quality traits in soybean seeds through transcriptome sequencing analysis

Identification and characterization of a 254-kb genomic deletion on a duplicated chromosome segment that resulted in a low level of palmitic acid in soybean seeds using transcriptome sequencing. A large number of soybean genotypes varying in seed oil composition and content have been identified. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these variations is important for breeders to effectively utilize them as a genetic resource. Through design and application of a bioinformatics approach, we identified nine co-regulated gene clusters by comparing seed transcriptomes of nine soybean genotypes varying in oil composition and content. We demonstrated that four gene clusters in the genotypes M23, Jack and N0304-303-3 coincided with large-scale genome rearrangements. The co-regulated gene clusters in M23 and Jack mapped to a previously described 164-kb deletion and a copy number amplification of the Rhg1 locus, respectively. The coordinately down-regulated gene clusters in N0304-303-3 were caused by a 254-kb deletion containing 19 genes including a fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase B gene (FATB1a). This deletion was associated with reduced palmitic acid content in seeds and was the molecular cause of a previously reported nonfunctional FATB1a allele, fap nc . The M23 and N0304-304-3 deletions were located in duplicated genome segments retained from the Glycine-specific whole genome duplication that occurred 13 million years ago. The homoeologous genes in these duplicated regions shared a strong similarity in both their encoded protein sequences and transcript accumulation levels, suggesting that they may have conserved and important functions in seeds. The functional conservation of homoeologous genes may result in genetic redundancy and gene dosage effects for their associated seed traits, explaining why the large deletion did not cause lethal effects or completely eliminate palmitic acid in N0304-303-3.
Silent Discharge Plasma Technology for the Treatment of Air Toxics and Other Applications

Under this CRADA, the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and High Mesa Technologies, Inc. (HMT) carried out a joint project on the development of the silent discharge plasma (SDP) technology for the treatment of hazardous air pollutants and other hazardous or toxic chemicals. The project had two major components: a technology-demonstration part and a scale-up and commercialization part. In the first part, a small-scale, mobile SDP plasma processor, which was being developed under a CRADA with the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) was the mobile equipment was modified for higher capacity service and employed for an innovative remediation technologies demonstration on soil-vapor extraction off-gases at the McClellan Air Force Base near Sacramento, CA. The performance of the SDP system for the variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) encountered at the McClellan site was sufficiently promising to the project HMT and LANL worked together to formulate a scale-up strategy and commercialization/manufacturing plan, and to design a prototype scaled-up SDP unit. HMT and LANL are now in the final stages of completing a licensing agreement for the technology and HMT is in the process of raising funds to engineer and manufacture commercial prototype SDP equipment focused on stack-gas emissions control and environmentalmore » remediation. HMT, in collaboration with another Northern New Mexico business, Coyote Aerospace, has also been successful in receiving a Phase I Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) award from the Army Research Office to develop, design, and construct a small non-thermal plasma reactor for laboratory studies ("Non-Thermal Plasma Reactor for Control of Fugitive Emissions of Toxic Gases")« less
A Computational Analysis of Functionally Graded Anode in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by Involving the Correlations of Microstructural Parameters

Functionally-graded electrodes (FGEs) have shown great potential in improving solid oxide fuel cells’ (SOFCs) performance. In order to produce predictions of real FGE operations, a comprehensive numerical model that takes into account all the microstructure parameters, together with two sub model correlations, i.e., porosity-tortuosity, and porosity-particle size ratio, is utilized, aiming to provide a novel approach to demonstrate the advantages of FGEs for SOFCs. Porosity grading and particle size grading are explored by using this implemented model as a baseline. Multiple types of grading cases are tested in order to study the FGEs at a micro-scale level. Comparison between the FGEs and conventional non-graded electrodes (uniform random composites) is conducted to investigate the potential of FGEs for SOFCs. This study essentially focuses on presenting a new perspective to examine the real-world FGEs performance by involving the correlations of physically connected micro-structural parameters.
The Jury Is in on the Great Debate: Small Numbers, Powerful Results

See Editorial Commentary on pages 561-568. The international trial of myasthenia gravis (MGTX) was recently completed after many years of enrollment and patient follow-up and conclusively defined the role of thymectomy in the treatment of non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis (MG). Through the visionary tireless surgical leadership of Alfred Jaretzki, the persistence and medical leadership of John Newsom-Davis, and an extremely committed and diligent international group of investigators, 126 patients were enrolled in a prospective blinded fashion to definitively prove the benefit of extended thymectomy in myasthenia gravis. Prospectively randomized patients who underwent an extended thymectomy via median sternotomy had significantly improved MG course and medication needs compared to patients who received prednisone-based medical therapy alone. Beyond the effect of the trial results alone, we should be reminded and heartened as a surgical community of the enormity and power of a well-constructed prospective randomized study to help define our practice. In the era of data conveniently accessible in large clinical databases, we must not succumb to the siren call of large retrospective series in lieu of achievable prospective studies designed to appropriately answer specific relevant debates. The evolution of surgical techniques has made the debate about the surgical approach to thymectomy almost moot. In the MGTX trial, the approach was via a sternotomy, but more importantly, the trial explicity demanded and trained surgeons to perform a maximal extended thymectomy; prescribed and mandated in the study as a standardized resection encompassing the entire neck and mediastinum. Thus, the study conclusively proved the positive role of complete maximial thymecotmy in myasthenia gravis, the role of lesser resections are yet to proven. However, any operative approach
Principles and techniques of primary wound closure

Proper closure of most wounds will negate the need for later scar revision. The goals of wound closure in the primary care setting are to stop bleeding, prevent infection, speed healing, and preserve the appearance and function of the injured area. The physician must evaluate each wound separately and use those techniques of wound closure that will provide the best results. In this article, the goals, principles, and some of the techniques of wound closure, including types of debridement, undermining, and closure in layers, are discussed. Different types of stitches and closure of difficult lacerations are also discussed.
Providers' Perceptions of the Impact of Weight Loss Apps on Users with Eating Disorders

It is estimated that 30 million people in the United States have an eating disorder, and many more have unhealthy eating behaviors [5]. In addition to being psychological in nature, eating disorders are a social problem driven by the mass media promotion of the "thin ideal" [6]. More researchers have recognized the importance of studying technology on users' body image and eating behaviors [1, 4, 8, 9, 13]. Despite their popularity, few studies have considered the impact of health applications ("apps") for weight loss on users with disordered eating behaviors. To begin to address this understudied area, I consider eating disorder treatment providers' perceptions of these apps. Some researchers have urged providers to be aware of the existence, possibilities, dysfunctions, and impact of technology in relation to eating disorders [23, 110]. Yet few studies consider providers' perceptions of weight loss apps and how they think about them when diagnosing and treating eating disorder patients.
Successor: Proactive cache warm-up of destination hosts in virtual machine migration contexts

In virtualization platforms, host-side storage caches can serve virtual machines (VM) disk I/O requests, which originally target network storage servers. When these requests hit host-side caches, network and disk access latencies are obviated, and thus VMs perceive improved storage performance. VM migration is common in cloud environments, however, VM migration does not transfer host-side cache states. As a result, a newly migrated VM suffers performance degradation until the cache is fully rebuilt. The performance degradation period can be hours long if the cache is naturally warmed up. Employing existing cache warm-up solutions such as migrating host-side cache and Bonfire, VMs may either have a prolonged total migration time or undergo a performance degradation period of tens of minutes due to the warm-up caused storage contention. We propose Successor, which proactively warms up caches of destination hosts before migration completes. Specifically, accessibility of destination hosts during migration enables Successor to parallelize cache warm-up and VM migration. Compared with migrating host-side cache and Bonfire, Successor achieves zero VM-perceived cache warm-up time with low resource costs and performance penalties. We have implemented a prototype of Successor on QEMU/KVM based virtualization platform and verified its efficiency.
Late Dislocation as the Presenting Symptom of Taper Corrosion Following Metal-on-Polyethylene Total Hip Arthroplasty

Introduction Taper corrosion at modular junctions can cause a spectrum of adverse local tissue reactions (ALTR) in the periprosthetic soft tissues in patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty (THA). Because these reactions are usually painful, taper corrosion has become part of the differential diagnosis of hip pain following THA. However these destructive lesions may not always cause pain, and can occasionally result in other atypical presentations. The purpose of this study is to describe a cohort of patients presenting with late and recurrent instability following THA due to underlying ALTR and taper corrosion. Methods This is a multicenter retrospective case series of fourteen patients presenting with late instability secondary to ALTR and corrosion at the modular head-neck taper. The cohort included nine women and five men with a mean age of 66.8 years (range, 49 to 74). All patients had a metal (CoCr)-on-polyethylene bearing surface, but had a range of CoCr and Ti-alloy stem designs from three different manufacturers. Seven patients had 28 mm heads, while the rest had 32–40 mm heads. Patients experienced a mean of 3.4 dislocations (range, 2 to 6) at an average of 5.2 years (range, 0.4 to 17.0) following their index surgery. Although most reported some degree of discomfort around the hip, instability was the primary presenting symptom in all fourteen patients, and four were otherwise completely asymptomatic. Serum metal levels demonstrated a greater elevation of cobalt (mean 3.13 ng/mL) than chromium (mean 2.33 ng/mL). Preoperative infection workup including serum inflammatory markers and a hip aspiration documented the absence of sepsis. Results Radiographic analysis demonstrated cups were well positioned, with a mean abduction angle of 43.2° (range, 40° to 48°) and mean anteversion angle of 19.5° (range, 16° to 26°). Hips were revised at a mean of 7.4 years (range, 2.4 to 19.4) following their index surgery. At the time of revision, ALTR was encountered in every case, with extensive tissue necrosis and abductor damage or insufficiency in the majority. The modular head-neck junction demonstrated visible corrosion seen as fretting, surface damage, and deposition of a black, flaky material. Constrained liners were placed in all patients. Conclusions Although ALTR resulting from modular taper corrosion typically presents with hip pain, some patients can present with recurrent instability in the absence of other significant symptoms. Recurrent instability in the setting of otherwise well-positioned components and without another obvious cause should raise concern for ALTR as a potential underlying etiology.
Measuring Outcomes: Lessons From the World of Public Education

The quality and efficiency of American health care are increasingly measured using clinical and financial data with a goal of improving clinical practice. Proponents believe such efforts can improve outcomes, motivate clinicians, and inform the public about quality. Detractors point to problems with the accuracy of these measures and the risk of creating perverse incentives for both physicians and patients. Drawing on lessons from similar performance management policies in public education, we provide guidance about this trend for primary care physicians and health care policy makers. We argue that public school teacher evaluations that use value-added modeling foretell specific pitfalls for the use of similar models to evaluate physician effectiveness, and that unintended consequences of performance management in both education and health care can include the narrowing of purpose, deprofessionalization, and a loss of local/community control.
Data driven exploratory attacks on black box classifiers in adversarial domains

New data driven framework for simulating exploratory attacks on black box classifiers.Algorithms for simple evasion attacks, to more sophisticated reverse engineering attacks.Formal adversarial model and metrics for baseline evaluation of secure learning strategies.Experimental evaluation on 10 datasets, with linear and non-linear defender models.Experimental evaluation on the black box Google Cloud Platform classifier system. While modern day web applications aim to create impact at the civilization level, they have become vulnerable to adversarial activity, where the next cyber-attack can take any shape and can originate from anywhere. The increasing scale and sophistication of attacks, has prompted the need for a data driven solution, with machine learning forming the core of many cybersecurity systems. Machine learning was not designed with security in mind and the essential assumption of stationarity, requiring that the training and testing data follow similar distributions, is violated in an adversarial domain. In this paper, an adversarys view point of a classification based system, is presented. Based on a formal adversarial model, the Seed-Explore-Exploit framework is presented, for simulating the generation of data driven and reverse engineering attacks on classifiers. Experimental evaluation, on 10 real world datasets and using the Google Cloud Prediction Platform, demonstrates the innate vulnerability of classifiers and the ease with which evasion can be carried out, without any explicit information about the classifier type, the training data or the application domain. The proposed framework, algorithms and empirical evaluation, serve as a white hat analysis of the vulnerabilities, and aim to foster the development of secure machine learning frameworks.
Importance of mineral and bone metabolism after burn

Abstract Severe burns can result in resorptive bone loss and endochondral bone formation at ectopic sites. The underlying pathophysiology involves both the systemic inflammatory response and the stress response with excessive endogenous production of glucocorticoids. The inflammatory response results in production of resorptive cytokines, leading to acute bone resorption; by 2 weeks postburn, glucocorticoid- and inflammation-mediated oxidative stress leads to reduced bone formation and reduced bone resorption, resulting in a net loss of trabecular bone for at least 2 years postburn. The role of the initial inflammatory response in the formation of heterotopic bone is incompletely understood at the present time. This chapter discusses the evidence supporting the pathophysiology described as well as current therapy and possible experimental drugs for future clinical trials Burn injury can produce profound metabolic effects on the bone and mineral balance of the body. Acutely, there is an inflammatory phase and a stress phase that affect calcium and other mineral balances. Chronically, we observe consequences for bone health and the hormonal milieu responsible for the body's mineral balance related to the inflammation of the burn injury as well as dysfunction of the organs and tissues that play a role in mineral metabolism. This chapter reviews the mineral homeostasis, the effects of burn injury in disrupting this homeostasis, recent literature on this topic, and evidence-based management of such derangements.
Heritage practices, indigenismo, and coloniality: studying-up into racism in contemporary Mexico.

ABSTRACTBased on two years of ethnographic fieldwork traveling with three ‘artesanos’ (mask-makers) from rural Michoacan and ‘studying up’ as they circulated through fairs and folk art competitions across Mexico, this paper describes how indigenous artists in rural Michoacan are routinely incentivized and sometimes cudgeled within majoritarian institutions of art in Mexico to enact self-racializing stereotypes and stigmatized indigenous identities and to produce and showcase the so called traditional works and performances that conform to static and primitivist stereotypes. At play here is the interlinked legacy and persistence of paternalism, indigenismo, nationalism, and primitivism. These logics continue to play out in reconstituted terms beyond or after the legal, political, and official embrace of pluriculturalism and the multiethnic community in Mexico. The embedded ethnographic vignette and the analysis that follows suggests how a strategy of ‘studying-up’ into coloniality furthers the delinking pr...
Optimal trading under constraints

These are lecture notes on the techniques and results of the theory of optimal trading for a single agent under convex constraints on his portfolio process, in a continuous-time model. A similar methodology is applied to the case of policy dependent prices, different interest rates for borrowing and lending and transaction costs problems. We study the hedging problem and the portfolio optimization problem for the investor in this market. Mathematical tools involved are those of continuous-time martingales, convex duality, forward-backward SDE’s and PDE’s.
Classification and Reclassification of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: From Clinical Perspective

Abstract Classic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), in narrow sense, consisting of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic diseases with relapsing and remitting clinical courses. The phenotype of IBD is far from uniform. There are various immune-mediated disorders that are apparent simultaneously with IBD yet are not yet considered a part of the IBD encompassment. We propose an adjustment from the traditional concept of classic IBD to a broad spectrum of immune-mediated intestinal diseases and overlap syndromes. IBD may be further dichotomized into classic IBD or IBD variants and primary or secondary IBD. Secondary IBD may be triggered by changes of the body's “immune thermostat” by factors such as medications, organ transplantation, and surgery. Variables such as the genome, exposome, microbiome, and immunome shape the different diseases involved in the spectrum.
Workplace Accommodation for Autistics: Autistic Autobiography and Technology-Enabled Prosthetic Environments

Even though employers are increasingly recruiting autistic employees, autistic adults have one of the highest unemployment rates in the United States. This paper presents ongoing research by the author: (a) providing a brief overview of current scientific and societal perspectives on autism; (b) describing an on-going qualitative study of autistic autobiographical writings to gain insight into the autistic experience, challenges faced in society, and barriers to employment; and (c) proposing Technology-Enabled Prosthetic Environments (TEPE) as a design concept for the integration of assistive technology for workplace accommodation.
Targeted Proapoptotic LHRH-BH3 Peptide

Purpose. The purpose of this work was to construct and evaluate a novel targeted proapoptotic peptide for cancer treatment.
Stress Analysis of Nonhomogeneous Superconducting Solenoids

Recent advances in the design of large, high-field, superconducting magnets have shown a need for a better understanding of the structural behavior of such coils under load. This paper describes an analysis technique and related computer program developed to study axisymmetrically loaded solenoid coils constructed from interwoven layers of conductor, insulation, and reinforcing materials. Proposed extensions to this study are described that will be used to evaluate the effects of asymmetric and out-of-plane coil loads.
Magnetic Field Mapping with a Squid Device

An ability to experimentally determine the magnetic field in the region close to the face of an eddy current coil, the normal location of the work piece, is very desirable. It allows confirmation of the theoretical design of complex coils, offers a potential method for rapid characterization of commercial coils, and may well provide a uniquely direct method of looking at coil/flaw interactions. However, the small size of typical eddy current probes presents some extreme problems in this regard. For the past year we have been attempting to determine the best method to use for measuring the field configuration in the near-field region.
Privacy preservation in a continuous-time static average consensus algorithm over directed graphs

In this paper, we study the problem of privacy preservation of the continuous-time Laplacian static average consensus algorithm using additive perturbation signals. We consider this problem over a strongly connected and weight-balanced digraph. Starting from a local reference value, in static average consensus algorithm each agent constantly communicates with its neighboring agents to update its local state to compute the average of the reference values across the network. Since every agent transmits its local reference value to its in-neighbors, the reference value of the agents are trivially disclosed. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of preserving the privacy of the reference value of the agents by adding admissible perturbation signals to the local dynamics and the transmitted out signals of the agents. Admissible additive perturbation signals are those signals that do not perturb the final convergence point of the algorithm from the average of the reference values of the agents. Our results show that if an adversarial agent has access to the output of another agent and all the input signals transmitted to that agent, the adversary can discover the private reference value of that agent, regardless of the perturbation signals. Otherwise, the privacy of the agent can be preserved. We demonstrate our results through a numerical example.
Paired-Agent Fluorescence Molecular Imaging of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using Indocyanine Green as a Control Agent for Antibody-Based Targeted Agents.

Purpose. Paired-agent molecular imaging methods, which employ coadministration of an untargeted, “control” imaging agent with a targeted agent to correct for nonspecific uptake, have been demonstrated to detect 200 cancer cells in a mouse model of metastatic breast cancer. This study demonstrates that indocyanine green (ICG), which is approved for human use, is an ideal control agent for future paired-agent studies to facilitate eventual clinical translation. Methods. The kinetics of ICG were compared with a known ideal control imaging agent, IRDye-700DX-labeled antibody in both healthy and metastatic rat popliteal lymph nodes after coadministration, intradermally in the footpad. Results. The kinetics of ICG and antibody-based imaging agent in tumor-free rat lymph nodes demonstrated a strong correlation with each other (r = 0.98, ) with a measured binding potential of −0.102 ± 0.03 at 20 min postagent injection, while the kinetics of ICG and targeted imaging agent shows significant separation in the metastatic lymph nodes. Conclusion. This study indicated a potential for microscopic sensitivity to cancer spread in sentinel lymph nodes using ICG as a control agent for antibody-based molecular imaging assays.
CELL SURFACE STIMULATION AND LIGAND BINDING DETERMINE POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE FUNCTION

Publisher Summary Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are essential to normal host defenses by virtue of their ability to ingest and kill microorganisms. Considerable progress has been made in the area of elucidating the physical and chemical properties of the immune reactants, but little is known regarding the nature of PMN cell surface receptors or the precise mechanisms, whereby ligand–receptor interactions mediate events associated with phagocytosis and killing. Serum treatment of Sepharose not only promotes adherence by PMNs but also provokes the selective discharge of granule-associated enzymes from those adherent cells and stimulates production of superoxide anion without loss of cell viability. If membrane perturbation initiates or modulates PMN function, cell surface receptors for membrane-active ligands such as, IgG, C3b, and C5a would endow PMNs with the discriminatory characteristics that they are known to possess. PMN membrane receptors for complement and immunoglobulins, therefore, may not only play a role in directed motility and in the recognition of particles to be ingested but also launch the signals that initiate membrane fusion and biochemical events, which accompany phagocytosis and killing.
Modeling Temporal Variation in Physical Activity Using Functional Principal Components Analysis

Accelerometers are person-worn sensors that provide objective measurements of movement based on minute-level activity counts, thus providing a rich framework for assessing physical activity patterns. New statistical approaches and computational tools are needed to exploit these densely sampled time-series data. We implement a functional principal component mixed model approach to ascertain temporal activity patterns in 578 overweight women (60% cancer survivors) and summarize individual patterns with unique personalized principal component scores. We then test if these patterns are associated with health by performing multiple regression of health outcomes (including biomarkers, namely, insulin, C-reactive protein, and quality of life) on activity patterns represented by these scores. Our model elucidates the most important patterns/modes of variation in physical activities. Results show that health outcomes including biomarkers and quality of life are strongly associated with the total volume, as well as temporal variation in activity. In addition, associations between physical activity and health outcomes are not modified by cancer status. Our findings suggest that employing a multilevel functional principal component analysis approach can elicit important temporal patterns in physical activity. It further allows us to study the relationship between health outcomes and activity patterns, and thus could be a valuable modeling approach in behavioral research.
Oxidation and sulfidation behavior of Fe-20Cr-16Ni-4Al-1Y2O3 oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloy

High-temperature oxidation and sulfidation studies were conducted on an oxide-dispersion-strengthened alloy of composition Fe-20Cr-16Ni-4Al-1Y2O3. The oxidation studies were conducted in air and low-PO2 environments over a temperature range of 650–1200°C. Results are also reported on the sulfidation resistance of preformed oxide scales and the influence of reoxidation of preformed sulfide scales. Detailed microstructural results and x-ray diffraction analysis data are presented to substantiate the corrosion behavior of the alloy over the wide range of conditions anticipated in fossil-energy systems. Data are also presented on the corrosion behavior of the alloy in oxygen/sulfur mixed gas atmospheres, and the results are used to compare the corrosion behavior of the present alloy with other chromia- and alumina-forming alloys.
Direct List Mode Parametric Reconstruction for Dynamic Cardiac SPECT

Recently introduced stationary dedicated cardiac SPECT scanners provide new opportunities to quantify myocardial blood flow (MBF) using dynamic SPECT. However, comparing to PET, the low sensitivity of SPECT scanners affects MBF quantification due to the high noise level, especially for 201 Thallium (201Tl) due to its typically low injected dose. The conventional indirect method for generating parametric images typically starts by reconstructing a time series of frame images followed by fitting the time-activity curve (TAC) for each voxel or segment with an appropriate kinetic model. The indirect method is simple and easy to implement; however, it usually suffers from substantial image noise that could also lead to bias. In this paper, we developed a list mode direct parametric image reconstruction algorithm to substantially reduce noise in MBF quantification using dynamic SPECT and allow for patient radiation dose reduction. GPU-based parallel computing was used to achieve more than 2000-fold acceleration. The proposed method was evaluated in both simulation and in vivo canine studies. Compared with the indirect method, the proposed direct method achieved substantially lower image noise and variability, particularly at large number of iterations and at low-count levels.
Negative predictive value of biopsy margins of dysplastic nevi: A single-institution retrospective review.

Background Biopsies of dysplastic nevi processed by bread-loafing allow for limited margin assessment; however, reported biopsy margins often influence management. Objective To evaluate the negative predictive value of biopsy margins of dysplastic nevi. Methods A retrospective search of a single academic institution's pathology database was conducted to identify all biopsy specimens of dysplastic nevi between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017. Biopsy specimen margin assessments were compared with excision pathology reports to calculate negative predictive value and to assess the frequency of residual nevus on excision after positive biopsy margins. Results A total of 1245 dysplastic nevi from 934 patients were identified. Clear biopsy margins had a negative predictive value for the absence of residual nevus on excision of 87.3% for dysplastic nevi of moderate atypia or greater. Residual nevus was identified on excision in 29.41% of cases of dysplastic nevi of moderate atypia or greater when initial biopsy margins were positive. Limitations This was a retrospective, single-institution study. The calculations likely overestimate the true negative predictive value of biopsy margins because of processing of excision specimens by bread-loafing. Conclusions This study provides additional evidence that reported biopsy margins are not representative of true margin status.
The Effect of Organizational Climate on Job Satisfaction, Anxiety, and Propensity to Leave

SummaryThis study examined the prediction of job-related attitudes from organizational climate dimensions. Ss were 111 supermarket department managers who returned an anonymous questionnaire which ...
Steady-State Approximate Freshwater–Saltwater Interface in a Two-Horizontal-Well Scavenging System

AbstractIn this study, an approximate mathematical formulation is derived to delineate a steady-state freshwater–saltwater interface by a horizontal scavenger well system in a confined aquifer that...
Adsorptive Desulfurization of 4,6-Dimethyldibenzothiophene on Bimetallic Mesoporous y Zeolites: Effects of Cu and Ce Composition and Configuration

Sulfur emissions from transportation fuels can be detrimental for fuel cell applications. Adsorptive desulfurization using bimetal-exchanged mesoporous Y zeolites exhibit high capacity and selectiv...
Abstract 840: Epicardial Prestrained Confinement and Residual Stresses: A Newly Observed Heart Ventricle Confinement Interface

The heart epicardial layer, with elastin as the dominant component, has not been well investigated, specifically on how it contributes to ventricular biomechanics. In this study, we revealed and qu...
Guilty Grief and Ecological Mourning

This chapter argues that grieving for ecological loss is complicated by feelings of guilt for that loss. Without a framework that accounts for the interweaving of guilt, grief, and mourning, we risk feelings of ecological grief remaining individualized, unresolved, and unarticulated, resulting in a form of melancholia. Analysis of the film Albatross by artist Chris Jordan reveals a constructive approach to environmental grief and, by extension, I argue, to guilt as well. In this approach, guilt and grief are framed as teachers, helping orient us toward love, care, and connection with the ecosystems that sustain life.
MFCC-based Houston Toad Call Detection using LSTM

The Houston Toad (HT) is an endangered amphibian living in the edge of extinction. For their conservation, the localization of their mating call needs to be detected in order to protect the eggs from being hunted by predators. Due to the remote locations of their habitat, solar-powered Automatic Recognizing Device (ARD) has been deployed to identify the distinct HT mating call at Bastrop, Texas. The ARD records environmental sound at prescribed intervals that implements signal processing and trained Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Neural Network (NN) predictor model to identify the HT onboard. If an HT exists, the ARD sends notification of timestamp via Email and SMS over the GPRS modules to the researcher. The signal processing techniques applied to the audio file are band-pass filtering, framing, windowing, clipping, feature extraction by Mel-Filterbank, and Mel-Frequency Spectral Coefficient (MFCC). The MLP-NN resulted in 66.67% success rate on detecting HT calls. This paper modifies and tunes the signal process techniques by modifying the band-pass filter, frame size, only using MFCC and implements Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) classifier that results in success rate of 98% on true-positive, and 86% on true-negative over 94% training and 92.6% testing accuracy for HT detection.
Enough is enough: Radiation doses in children with gastrojejunal tubes.

Abstract Introduction Many children with gastric feeding intolerance require postpyloric tube feeding via a gastrojejunal (GJ) tube. Placement or positioning of these tubes is typically a procedure with a low dose of radiation. Although the risk of developing cancer from radiation exposure owing to computed tomography scans is well-documented in children, the risk of cumulative radiation exposure owing to frequent GJ tube replacement often goes unnoticed in the clinical decision-making process. We sought to define the frequency and cost of GJ tube replacement, quantify the radiation doses associated with the initial placement and replacements, and assess the number of conversions to surgical jejunostomies. Methods All pediatric patients who underwent GJ tube placement or replacement by Interventional Radiology (IR), surgery, and gastroenterology between 2010 and 2018 at a single center were reviewed. We evaluated the total cost of the initial placement and replacement of each GJ tube, the total number of replacements, and the cumulative radiation dose (mGy). Results We identified 203 patients who underwent GJ tube placement and/or replacement, of which 150 had radiation data available. Patients underwent a median of five GJ tube replacement procedures, and there was a wide range in the number of replacements per patient, from zero to 88. Patients were exposed to a median cumulative dose of 6.0 mGy (IQR: 2.2, 22.6). Nine percent of patients with available radiation data were exposed to more than 50 mGy, solely from GJ tube replacements. The median cost per replacement was $1170. The sum of the cost of the replacements for dislodged GJs translated to more than $1.4 million during the study period. Conclusions Overall, the average dose per GJ replacement was 3.50 mGy among all patients with available data. Nine percent of patients (14/150) were exposed to greater than 50 mGy cumulative radiation solely from GJ replacements. Patients who receive more than 50 mGy of cumulative radiation dose, who undergo seven GJ tube replacements in one year, or two consecutive GJ tube replacement procedures with radiation doses exceeding 10 mGy (per replacement) should be considered for a surgical jejunostomy. Level of evidence IV Type of study Treatment study.
Tidal deformation and dissipation of rotating black holes

We show that rotating black holes do not experience any tidal deformation when they are perturbed by a weak and adiabatic gravitational field. The tidal deformability of an object is quantified by the so-called ``Love numbers,'' which describe the object's linear response to its external tidal field. In this work, we compute the Love numbers of Kerr black holes and find that they vanish identically. We also compute the dissipative part of the black hole's tidal response, which is nonvanishing due to the absorptive nature of the event horizon. Our results hold for arbitrary values of black hole spin, for both the electric-type and magnetic-type perturbations, and to all orders in the multipole expansion of the tidal field. The boundary conditions at the event horizon and at asymptotic infinity are incorporated in our study, as they are crucial for understanding the way in which these tidal effects are mapped onto gravitational-wave observables. In closing, we address the ambiguity issue of Love numbers in general relativity, which we argue is resolved when those boundary conditions are taken into account. Our findings provide essential inputs for current efforts to probe the nature of compact objects through the gravitational waves emitted by binary systems.
Musical reward across the lifespan.

Music is ubiquitous. Despite the fact that most people find music enjoyable, there are individual differences in the degree to which listeners derive pleasure from music. However, there has been li...
Effects of enforcement on illegal markets: Evidence from migrant smuggling along the southwestern border

Abstract The paper analyzes the effects of tighter border control on the illegal crossing market between Mexico and the United States. Combining panel data on illegal migrants with enforcement statistics, the effects of enforcement are found to be moderate: prices of border smugglers (‘coyotes’) increased by only 17%, while the demand for smugglers has remained unchanged. Enforcement has however shifted illegal migrants to remote crossing places. Border crossing is now more time-intensive with higher prices for coyotes and risk of death. This geographic substitution raised migration costs by $140, more than twice the effect of enforcement on smuggling prices.
Parents of Children With Medical Complexity Are Essential Health Care Personnel.

* Abbreviations: CDC — : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CMC — : children with medical complexity COVID-19 — : coronavirus disease 2019 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a national and global crisis. The United States has invested tremendous effort and resources to fast track severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines from conception to market in 1 year, an amazing scientific achievement. Public health experts are now leading the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that health care personnel be offered COVID-19 vaccination during the early phases of distribution. Health care personnel are broadly defined and include emergency medical service personnel, nurses and nursing assistants, physicians, technicians, therapists, dentists, dental hygienists and assistants, phlebotomists, pharmacists, students and trainees, contractual staff, dietary and food services staff, environmental services staff, and administrative staff. We strongly recommend that parents and family caregivers (collectively referred to as parents in this article) of children with medical complexity (CMC) be included in the early phases of vaccine distribution because they serve as essential frontline health care personnel. CMC have significant chronic health conditions that involve multiple organ systems, substantial health service needs, major functional limitations, and high health resource use. They have high levels of medical fragility, technology dependencies (tracheostomies, ventilators, feeding tubes, intrathecal baclofen infusion systems, and others), and psychosocial complexities. We identify CMC as those who have ≥3 organ systems affected (≥3 Feudtner … Address correspondence to Nancy A. Murphy, MD, FAAP, FAAPMR, Division of Pediatric Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, 81 North Mario Capecchi Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84113. E-mail: nancy.murphy{at}hsc.utah.edu
On user choice in graphical password schemes

Graphical password schemes have been proposed as an alternative to text passwords in applications that support graphics and mouse or stylus entry. In this paper we detail what is, to our knowledge, the largest published empirical evaluation of the effects of user choice on the security of graphical password schemes. We show that permitting user selection of passwords in two graphical password schemes, one based directly on an existing commercial product, can yield passwords with entropy far below the theoretical optimum and, in some cases, that are highly correlated with the race or gender of the user. For one scheme, this effect is so dramatic so as to render the scheme insecure. A conclusion of our work is that graphical password schemes of the type we study may generally require a different posture toward password selection than text passwords, where selection by the user remains the norm today.
RESULTS OF THERAPY OF ERYTHROBLASTOSIS WITH EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION

In Wiener, Alexander S., and Wexler, Irving B.: Results of therapy of erythroblastosis with exchange transfusions. Blood 4: 1-35 (January), 1949: Page 8, second line from bottom, "the Rh factor" (instead of "the Rh1 factor"). Page 12, third line from bottom, "A1MRh1rh" (instead of "A1MRhrh"). Page 35, first word of second line of reference 24, "potent" (instead of "patent")
Saccharomyces Mutants with Invertase Formation Resistant to Repression by Hexoses

Production of invertase by many strains of yeast is repressed in the presence of hexoses. This phenomenon interferes with studies on the secretion of invertase and with the preparation of large quantities of the enzyme for examination of its chemical and physical characteristics. Saccharomyces strain 303-67, a diploid carrying the single gene SUC-2 for (hexose repressible) invertase production, was subjected to ultraviolet irradiation. No single-step mutations to high level resistance were detected. By a two-step irradiation process mutants were obtained with differing degrees of resistance. The biochemical and genetic characteristics of these mutants are summarized with particular emphasis on FH4C (the most resistant). Although the steady state level of cyclic 3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was usually slightly higher in cells grown in low- rather than in high-glucose media, the level of cyclic AMP was not correlated with the sensitivity of invertase synthesis to glucose repression. In mutant FH4C, 1 to 2% of the total cell protein is present as invertase; synthesis of alpha-glucosidase is also resistant to repression by hexoses. This mutant does not sporulate and is probably a haploid of a-mating type with low frequency of conjugation and poor viability of conjugants. Mutants 1016 and 1710 are substantially resistant to hexose repression and still sporulate well. They may be useful for genetic analysis of hexose resistance.
The Bibliotherapy Education Project: A collaborative teaching effort goes to the Web or a tale for travelers

Abstract This narrative details the evolution of a collaborative teaching project into an educational Web site about bibliotherapy, which is the process of facilitating personal development or problem resolution through books. Working with a counselor education colleague, the education librarian at Oregon State University helped develop a tool to evaluate books for use in therapy. The project included creating a database of graduate students' book evaluations and making them available through the Internet. The considerable coordination and technical challenges of this transition to the Web are described.
The Interaction of Implant Luting Cements and Oral Bacteria Linked to Peri-Implant Disease: An In Vitro Analysis of Planktonic and Biofilm Growth--A Preliminary Study.

Background There is little consensus on the most appropriate cement to use when restoring a cement-retained, implant-supported restoration. One consideration should be the interaction of pathogenic oral bacteria with restorative cements. Purpose To determine how oral bacteria associated with peri-implant disease grow in the presence of implant cements. Materials and Methods Five test cements with varying composition (zinc oxide–eugenol [TBO], eugenol-free zinc oxide [TBNE], zinc orthophosphate [FL], and two resin cements [PIC and ML]) were used to fabricate specimen disks. The disks were submerged in bacterial suspensions of either Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, or Porphyromonas gingivalis. Planktonic bacterial growth within the test media was measured by determining the optical density of the cultures (OD600). Positive controls (media and bacteria without cement disks) and negative controls (media alone) were similarly evaluated. The mean and standard deviations (SD) were calculated for planktonic growth from three separate experiments. ANOVA statistical analysis with post hoc Tukey tests was performed where differences existed (p < .05). Selected cement disks (TBO and ML) were further examined for bacterial biofilm growth. Surface bacteria were removed and grown on agar media, and colony-forming units (CFUs) were quantified. Results Planktonic growth for both A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis was significantly inhibited (p < .05) when grown in the presence of cement disks consisting of TBNE, PIC, FL, and TBO. In contrast, neither of these bacteria displayed growth inhibition in the presence of ML cement disks. F. nucleatum growth was also significantly inhibited by PIC, FL. and TBO (p < .05), but not by ML and TBNE cement disks. CFU counts for the biofilm study for TBO gave minimal and, in some instances, no bacterial adherence and growth, in contrast to ML, which supported substantially greater bacterial biofilm growth. Conclusion Cements display differing abilities to inhibit both planktonic and biofilm bacterial growth. Cements with the ability to reduce planktonic or biofilm growth of the test bacteria may be advantageous in reducing peri-implant disease. Understanding the microbial growth–inhibiting characteristics of different cement types should be considered important in the selection criteria.