cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of Lingual Effort on Swallow Pressures Following Radiation Treatment.

Purpose This article investigated the effects of increased oral lingual pressure on pharyngeal pressures during swallowing in patients who have undergone radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. It w...
Current concepts of Bright's disease

About one hundred fifty years have passed since Bright published his classic description of nephritis based on clinical and gross pathologic observations on a large series of patients with renal disease.’ For many years the diagnosis of Bright’s disease was, and occasionally still is, appended to any patient with evidence of renal disease. From our present state of knowledge, the term, apart from its historic importance, is obsolete, since Bright’s original concept that all forms of nephritis were stages (acute, subacute, and chronic) of one disease is now totally revised. Moreover, recent histologic studies of kidneys from some of Bright’s original cases indicate that diseases of various etiologies and pathogeneses, even amyloidosis,” were distinctly included. Although Bright’s concept was challenged by
Equipment Funding Opportunities and Strategies for Success (Part 4)

I am here to talk about the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and our funding opportunities. I will start with introductory slides because I'm not sure how familiar this audience is with our organization. ONR supports science and technology for the Navy, and you might think “How do I fit into this?” We have a two-billion-dollar portfolio for research. Some of this is sort of off-the-shelf, early stuff, the quick reaction. Then we have acquisition enablers. These two categories are short-term technologies. I'm going to talk about discovery and invention, which is the long-term basic research we support. It's about 40% of our portfolio or 900,000. In discovery and invention, we do research in naval-relevant areas. So our mission is very different from NSF and NIH, which are more broadly scientific-based.
Elucidation of the biochemical basis for a clinical drug-drug interaction between atorvastatin and 5-(N-(4-((4-ethylbenzyl)thio)phenyl)sulfamoyl)-2-methyl benzoic acid (CP-778875), a subtype selective agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha.

Abstract1. 5-(N-(4-((4-ethylbenzyl)thio)phenyl)sulfamoyl)-2-methyl benzoic acid (CP-778 875), an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, has been evaluated in the clinic to treat dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Herein, we investigate the effect of CP-778 875 on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin acid and its metabolites in humans.2. The study incorporated a fixed-sequence design conducted in two groups. Group A was designed to estimate the effects of multiple doses of CP-778 875 on the single dose pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin. Subjects in group A (n = 26) received atorvastatin (40 mg) on days 1 and 9 and CP-778 875 (1.0 mg QD) on days 5–12. Group B was designed to examine the effects of multiple doses of atorvastatin on the single dose pharmacokinetics of CP-778 875. Subjects in group B (n = 29) received CP-778 875 (0.3 mg) on days 1 and 9 and atorvastatin (40 mg QD) on days 5–12.3. Mean maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve of atorvastatin w...
Aptitude is not enough: How personality and behavior predict academic performance.

Abstract The study investigated the incremental validity of Big Five personality traits for predicting academic criteria (college GPA, course performance) while controlling for academic ability (SAT). Results showed that conscientiousness incrementally predicted each criterion over SAT. Results also showed that behavior (attendance) incrementally predicted GPA and course performance and it mediated the relationship between conscientiousness and both academic criteria. Personality measures are promising predictors of academic outcomes and they may have usefulness in admissions and student development.
Seasonal inundation patterns in two large savanna floodplains of South America: the Llanos de Moxos (Bolivia) and the Llanos del Orinoco (Venezuela and Colombia)

Inundation patterns in two of the largest savanna floodplains of South America were studied by analysis of the 37-GHz polarization difference observed by the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (Nimbus-7 satellite). Flooded area was estimated at monthly intervals for January 1979 through to August 1987 using mixing models that account for the major landscape units with distinctive microwave emission characteristics. Results are presented separately for five subregions in each of the two floodplain regions to show the spatial as well as temporal variability in inundation patterns. The total area inundated during the 9 years varied between 2069 and 78 460 km2 in the Llanos de Moxos (also spelled as Mojos; median area, 23 383 km2) and 1278 and 105 454 km2 in the Llanos del Orinoco (median, 25 374 km2), not including the open-water area of permanent lakes and river channels. The correlation between flooded area and river stage was used to extend the inundation records over a 30-year period in the Moxos (1967–97) and a 58-year period (1927–85) in the Orinoco. Interannual variability in inundation is greater in the Moxos than the Orinoco. Comparison of these data, however, with a previously published analysis of the Pantanal wetland shows that inundation patterns in these two floodplain regions are not as variable across years as they are in the Pantanal. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuity of solutions of a singular parabolic equation

which is of parabolic divergence form since $’ 3 0 a.e. However it is the solution u of (0.1) which will be continuous, while the solution u of (0.2) need not be. In certain physical applications u corresponds to temperature while u is the enthalpy. The difficulty in the analysis of this equation, written in the form (0.2), stems from the fact that c#+ need not be bounded or bounded away from zero. Thus the equation may be of degenerate or singular parabolic type. As particular cases of the equations covered by our results we mention the three model problems
BADGERING OR BANTERING? Gender Differences in Experience of, and Reactions to, Sexual Harassment among U.S. High School Students

This study uses the American Association of University Women 1993 survey on sexual harassment in America's schools, a national sample of high school students, to examine gender differences in the behavioral, emotional, and educational consequences of sexual harassment. Previous research indicates that a high percentage of both boys and girls experience sexual harassment and that the negative consequences are greater for girls. The authors use a feminist theoretical framework to show that girls' and boys' qualitatively different experiences account for part of this gender gap. Girls are far more likely to perceive harassment as harmful than boys and to experience a far greater frequency and severity of harassment. This article documents that girls are more likely to be targets of physical sexual harassment than boys and that physical harassment rather than derogatory or verbal and/or visual forms of harassment exacerbate the gender gap in educational outcomes.
Simulation, Design, and Implementation Based Undergraduate Research in Control Systems: Nonlinear Before Linear

A typical undergraduate curriculum introduces linear control systems concepts only, often in a single elective course. This curriculum structure introduces challenges to student involvement in control systems research as nonlinear concepts are the focus of the majority of such efforts. With undergraduate participation in engineering research steadily increasing, nonlinear control concepts must be introduced prior to formal classroom study of linear systems. Given this reality, we propose an intense and relatively brief research program, consisting of three distinct phases. The program objective is to present a targeted educational experience in nonlinear control theory based upon the design and implementation of control laws developed for a particular nonlinear system class. Given significant interaction between the student and the faculty mentor, we believe that an excellent opportunity in undergraduate education and research will be realized, despite the student’s initial unfamiliarity with nonlinear control systems concepts. A research program consisting of three phases is proposed and initial technical results are presented to facilitate a candid discussion of the issues that may prevent undergraduate participation in research and to detail the manner in which many of these obstacles were overcome.Copyright © 2008 by ASME
Can contrast-enhanced US with targeted microbubbles monitor the response to antiangiogenic therapies?

By conjugating a monoclonal antibody specific for a surrogate marker of angiogenesis to a contrast-enhancing microbubble, US was used to indirectly image this receptor in two different tumor types growing in live mice.
Superconducting intermediate-velocity cavity development for RIA

This paper discusses the design and development of two types of intermediate-velocity superconducting cavity and an associated cryomodule for the RIA driver linac. The two cavity types are a 115 MHz, /spl beta//sub GEOM/ = 0.15 quarter-wave resonant (QWR) cavity, and a 173 MHz, /spl beta//sub GEOM/ = 0.26 coaxial half-wave cavity. The useful velocity range of the two cavity types extends from 0.1 to 0.4 c. Both cavities are well-corrected for dipole and quadrupole asymmetries in the accelerating field. A cryomodule is being designed to incorporate a separate vacuum system for the cavity vacuum in order to provide a clean, low-particulate environment for the superconducting cavities. This will enable a higher degree of surface cleanliness than has previously been the case for TEM-type, drift-tube-loaded superconducting cavities. The status of prototype cavity and cryomodule construction are reported.
3‐Trimethylsilyl‐2‐propen‐1‐yl Acetate

1; R1 = H, R2 = (E)-SiMe3) [86422-21-1] C8H16O2Si (MW 172.33) InChI = 1S/C8H16O2Si/c1-8(9)10-6-5-7-11(2,3)4/h5,7H,6H2,1-4H3/b7-5+ InChIKey = KWDYUHNACUTFNF-FNORWQNLSA-N 2; R1 = H, R2 = (Z)-SiMe3) [86422-22-2] InChI = 1S/C8H16O2Si/c1-8(9)10-6-5-7-11(2,3)4/h5,7H,6H2,1-4H3/b7-5- InChIKey = KWDYUHNACUTFNF-ALCCZGGFSA-N (E + Z) [80401-14-5] InChI = 1S/C8H16O2Si/c1-8(9)10-6-5-7-11(2,3)4/h5,7H,6H2,1-4H3 InChIKey = KWDYUHNACUTFNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3; R1 = SiMe3, R2 = H) [80401-11-2] InChI = 1S/C8H16O2Si/c1-6-8(10-7(2)9)11(3,4)5/h6,8H,1H2,2-5H3 InChIKey = IAMQLXWPWSUFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (preparation of vinylsilanes via the corresponding allylmetal complexes;1 oxygenated allylsilane reagents for nucleophilic addition and substitution reactions2) Preparative Method: (i) from 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol by reduction (Sodium Bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum Hydride (Red-Al), 70%)3 and acetylation (Acetyl Chloride, Pyridine, 78%);4 (ii) from 3-trimethylsilyl-2-propyn-1-ol by reduction (P-2 Raney Nickel, H2, 86%)5 and acetylation; (iii) from allyloxytrimethylsilane by a metalation–rearrangement sequence (tert-Butyllithium, 90%)2a,6 and acetylation (Acetic Anhydride, Triethylamine, 76%).2a Handling, Storage, and Precautions: use in a fume hood.
Flow structure in the frequency-modulated wake of a cylinder

A cylinder is subjected to frequency-modulated (FM) excitation and the structure of its wake is characterized in terms of the modulation frequency and the frequency deviation. It is possible to destabilize or restabilize the degree of organization of the vortical structures in the near wake and thereby substantially manipulate the spectral content, relative to the case of purely sinusoidal excitation. These processes of destabilization and restabilization are attainable by varying the frequency deviation while holding the modulation frequency constant or vice versa. A phase-locked periodicity of the nearwake response is attainable at the period of the modulation frequency, as well as at double its period. This phase-locked periodicity, or lack of it, is related to the degree of organization of the wake
Exceptional citizens: Secular Muslim women and the politics of difference in France

This article traces the emergence of secular Muslim women into the French public sphere. I focus on Fadela Amara, co-founder of Neither Whores Nor Doormats (Ni Putes Ni Soumises), an association protesting the denigration of women in the immigrant suburbs. I argue that Amara is politically efficacious for the French government, shifting focus from the structural causes of socio-economic problems in the suburbs to ‘Islamic fundamentalism’. In addition, I argue that figures like Amara are effects of the dual universalising and particularising imperatives of republican citizenship and, moreover, that such figures help to defer the contradiction between those imperatives.
A Cross-Layer Power Controlled MAC Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless communication channel and limited communication resource lead MAC protocol to be one of pivotal issue in wireless sensor networks. Focus on energy efficiency and avoidance of packets collision, a power controlled MAC that is named cross-layer power alternative MAC (CLPA-MAC) is proposed. In CLPA-MAC, nodes send packets with tow different transmission power levels instead of one fixed value. A power alternative scenario is discussed to help nodes choose appropriate power level to send packets. For saving energy, avoiding collision and reducing time delay, routing table based transmission mechanism is proposed. This cross-layer mechanism leads nodes to discern the available data and utilize the channel reasonably. Relatively, the frame of RTS/CTS/DATAACK is designed to adapt the power alternative scenario and cross-layer mechanism. With the simulations, the proposed protocol is evaluated in comparison with S-MAC and PCSMAC from transmission power of nodes to time delay. The performance of CLPA-MAC is verified to be efficient and competent.
Contextual Influences on Faculty Diversity Conceptualizations When Working With Trainee Competence Problems

Trainees with problems of professional competence (TPPC) present trainers with unique challenges. When TPPC situations include diversity issues, the complexity of such challenges increases. Although attention to such intersections is important, little is known about what influences faculty thinking about diversity issues when trainee competence problems are identified. The authors analyzed 22 faculty interviews using grounded theory to explore contextual influences on faculty interactions. Participants described program commitments to diversity conversations, consultations, and examination of biases as important positive influences. Participants described historic conflicts (e.g., interpersonal and programwide) and within-faculty differences (e.g., differences in multicultural training, assumptions about diversity-related conflict) that made faculty interactions more difficult. New instances of competence problems that involved differences in opinion about the influence of diversity variables exacerbated ...
STUDIES IN GLOMERULONEPHRITIS : II. A FORM OF ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS PRODUCED WITH DIPHTHERIA TOXIN AND BACILLUS COLI.

1. Rabbits in which a mild grade of glomerular damage has been produced by small doses of diphtheria toxin develop a severe glomerulonephritis corresponding to the extracapillary form described by Volhard and Fahr after inoculations with sublethal quantities of Bacillus coli. 2. Similar, though not completely identical lesions are produced when diphtheria toxin is followed by intravenous injections of Vaughan's split protein (poisonous part) of Bacillus coli. 3. The inference is drawn that under the experimental conditions described Bacillus coli undergoes bacteriolysis and produces glomerular lesions through the toxic groups contained within its protein molecule.
Plasmonic Properties of Anchored Nanoparticles Fabricated by Reactive Ion Etching and Nanosphere Lithography

Aqueous environments pose unique challenges to the use of nanoparticle platforms for development of robust in vitro and in vivo sensors. A method is developed to anchor nanoparticles into a glass substrate by combining nanosphere lithography (NSL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) to create a mechanically durable sensing platform. The increased mechanical performance is attributed to the higher adhesion strength of NSL nanoparticles anchored in shallow nanowells formed by RIE. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), anchored and conventional NSL nanoparticle arrays were subjected to increasing normal forces. The anchored nanoparticles were able to withstand normal forces 3 times greater (35.1 nN) compared to the conventional NSL nanoparticles (12.4 nN) prior to separation from the glass substrate. Superior adhesion in a constant flow aqueous environment is demonstrated by extinction measurements. After 1 h of 1.5 mL/min flow, extinction intensity decreased by 53% for bare and 13% for functionalized nanoparticle...
Changes in Intracellular pH Caused by High K in Normal and Acidified Frog Muscle Relation to Metabolic Changes

We examined the effect of depolarization on intracellular pH (pHi) of normal (pHi approximately 7.37) and acidified (pHi 5.90-6.70) frog semitendinosus muscle using microelectrodes. A small bundle was superfused with a Na(+)-free buffered solution (10 mM HEPES, 100% O2, pH 7.35) containing either 2.5 or 25 mM K+. An NH4Cl prepulse was used to lower pHi. At normal pHi, depolarization usually produced a slight (0.04) alkalinization, followed by a fall in pHi of approximately 0.2. In contrast, in all 25 acidified bundles pHi rose by 0.1-0.7. The rise was greater the lower the initial pHi. It could be imitated by caffeine and blocked by tetracaine and thus was, most likely, initiated by release of calcium. We ascribed the alkalinization to hydrolysis of phosphocreatine (PCr); 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene abolished it. Biochemical analysis on fibers at the peak of alkalinization showed PCr to be reduced by one-half, while PCr in normal fibers that had been depolarized for the same period (4-6 min) showed no change. We postulated that low pHi slows glycolysis with its associated ATP formation by reducing glycogenolysis and particularly by reducing conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-diphosphate through inhibition of phosphofructokinase (PFK), an enzyme which is known to be highly pH sensitive. Thus PCr hydrolysis would be required to replace much of the hydrolyzed ATP. This postulated effect on PFK is in agreement with the finding that glucose-6-phosphate (in near-equilibrium with fructose-6-phosphate) was increased nearly fivefold in the depolarized acid fibers, but not in the depolarized normal fibers. However, fructose-1,6-diphosphate also increased significantly; 3-phosphoglycerate was not affected. This suggests an additional acid-induced bottleneck between the latter two substrates. We measured the intrinsic buffering power, beta, of frog semitendinosus muscle with small pulses of NH4Cl. It was found to vary with pHi according to beta = 144.6 - 17.2 (pHi).
Role of zinc in cellular zinc trafficking and mineralization in a murine osteoblast-like cell line

Zinc (Zn) supplementation stimulates bone growth in Zn-deficient humans and animals. A biphasic pattern of mineralization has been observed in cultured osteoblasts; an initiation phase and a progression phase. We used MC3T3-E1, a murine osteoblastic cell line, to elucidate the physiological role of Zn in osteoblast mineralization and cellular Zn trafficking during the mineralization event. Cells were cultured in media containing Chelex-treated fetal bovine serum and 1, 4, 10 and 20 μM Zn as ZnSO(4) for 14 days (early phase of mineralization) or 21 days (mid-to-late phase of mineralization). During the early phase of mineralization, Alizarin Red staining indicated that mineralization was increased by Zn in a dose-dependent manner. Although Zn exposure did not affect monolayer Zn concentration, metallothionein (MT) mRNA expression increased dose-dependently as assessed by real-time PCR. During the late phase of mineralization, mineralization was maximal at 1 μM Zn and monolayer Zn concentration reflected Zn exposure. The increase in MT mRNA expression during the late phase was similar to that during the early phase, but the difference in expression between culture Zn concentrations tended to be smaller. ZnT-2 mRNA expression decreased significantly with increasing zinc concentrations in the culture medium during the early phase, but increased significantly during the late phase. Osteocalcin mRNA levels were positively correlated to Zn exposure at both time points. Taken together, we propose that Zn may play an important role in osteoblast mineralization through Zn trafficking involving Zn storage proteins and Zn transporters.
The spatial vectorcardiogram in peri-infarction block.

Abstract The spatial vectorcardiograms of 51 patients with myocardial infarction showing conduction disturbances other than right bundle branch block and left bundle branch block were analyzed. Invariably the initial vectors (due to the dead tissue per se) were in an opposite direction to the terminal slurrings. Consequently, bundle branch blocks could be ruled out with a high degree of certainty because the delays seen in these cases are of fixed location, not dependent on the site of infarction. In other words, left bundle branch block is characterized by a predominantly medial slowing with a loop placed in the left posterior quadrant, and right bundle branch block by a terminal delay (with occasional preterminal slurring), located in the right, and mainly anterior, quadrant. Even though the exact mechanisms responsible for peri-infarction block are not known, it is proposed, to avoid confusion, that this term be limited to the late vectorial abnormalities sometimes present after myocardial infarction. The initial QRS slurrings should be referred to as simply “early changes characteristic of infarction,” and included as part of Q wave changes, in spite of the fact that both disturbances in conduction might have a common genesis. A vectorcardiographic criterion for peri-infarction block was introduced taking into consideration the facts expressed above. With the use of oscilloscopic recordings, terminal slowings and slurrings were carefully studied and were estimated to be more important than total QRS duration. It is stressed that an unbiased comparison between electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms cannot be made in the conduction abnormality considered as peri-infarction block unless the scalar recordings are obtained with a high fidelity machine.
Performance analysis and comparison of JM 15.1 and Intel IPP H.264 encoder and decoder

Joint Model (JM) reference software is used for academic reference of H.264 and it was developed by JVT (Joint Video Team) of ISO/IEC MPEG & ITU-T VCEG (Video coding experts group). The Intel IPP (Integrated Performance Primitives) H.264 is a product of Intel which uses IPP libraries and SIMD instructions available on modern processors. The Intel IPP H.264 is multi-threaded and uses CPU optimized IPP routines. In this paper, JM 15.1 and Intel IPP H.264 codec are compared in terms of execution time and video quality of the output decoded sequence. The metrics used for comparison are SSIM (Structural Similarity Index Metric), PSNR (Peak-to-Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), MSE (Mean Square Error), motion estimation time, encoding time, decoding time and the compression ratio of the H.264 file size (encoded output). Intel IPP H.264 clearly emerges as the winner against JM 15.1 in all parameters except for the compression ratio of H.264 file size.
Analysis of the M/G/1 processor-sharing queue with bulk arrivals

We analyze the single server processor-sharing queue for the case of bulk arrivals. We obtain an expression for the expected response time of a job as a function of its size, when the service times of jobs have a generalized hyperexponential distribution and more generally for distributions with rational Laplace transforms. Our analysis significantly extends the class of distributions for which processor-sharing queues with bulk arrivals were previously analyzed.
Experimental study of muon pairs produced by 252-GeV pions on tungsten

We present the results of a study of muon pairs with invariant masses greater than 4.05 GeV/${c}^{2}$ produced in high-energy pion-nucleon interactions. The production cross section together with the inferred pion and nucleon structure functions are reported and compared with other experiments and with QCD predictions. The transverse-momentum distributions are also presented. Finally, the full angular distribution in cos\ensuremath{\theta} and \ensuremath{\varphi} is given as a function of mass, Feynman x, and transverse momentum. Longitudinal photon polarization is seen in the lower portion of the mass range at high ${x}_{\ensuremath{\pi}}$. This result is compared with a higher-twist model.
Nonlinear extraction of independent components of natural images using radial gaussianization

We consider the problem of efficiently encoding a signal by transforming it to a new representation whose components are statistically independent. A widely studied linear solution, known as independent component analysis (ICA), exists for the case when the signal is generated as a linear transformation of independent nongaussian sources. Here, we examine a complementary case, in which the source is nongaussian and elliptically symmetric. In this case, no invertible linear transform suffices to decompose the signal into independent components, but we show that a simple nonlinear transformation, which we call radial gaussianization (RG), is able to remove all dependencies. We then examine this methodology in the context of natural image statistics. We first show that distributions of spatially proximal bandpass filter responses are better described as elliptical than as linearly transformed independent sources. Consistent with this, we demonstrate that the reduction in dependency achieved by applying RG to either nearby pairs or blocks of bandpass filter responses is significantly greater than that achieved by ICA. Finally, we show that the RG transformation may be closely approximated by divisive normalization, which has been used to model the nonlinear response properties of visual neurons.
Nanoscale Defect Generation in CMP of Low-k/Copper Interconnect Patterns

Chemical mechanical polishing CMP can lead to nanoscale damage in films and surface features due to normal and lateral deformations of the surface. Defects arise due to the synergistic effects of chemical and mechanical mechanisms. This occurrence increases with severity as feature sizes are on the same order as abrasive polishing particles and materials decrease in stiffness, as with advanced low-k dielectrics. Here, relationships describing the response of normal and lateral surface deformations have been developed experimentally and from contact modeling. This is achieved by atomic force microscopy nanoscratching with diamond tips in a KOH environment to simulate CMP processing conditions. The deformations are related to the applied normal load, friction coefficient, film properties, and line densities. The deformations are observed to have critical loads of 1 and 5 N associated with normal and lateral deformations, respectively, which are on the same order as actual CMP particle pressure estimates.
Involvement of the Tyrosine Kinase Fer in Cell Adhesion

The Fer protein belongs to the fes/fps family of nontransmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases. Lack of success in attempts to establish a permanent cell line overexpressing it at significant levels suggested a strong negative selection against too much Fer protein and pointed to a critical cellular function for Fer. Using a tetracycline-regulatable expression system, overexpression of Fer in embryonic fibroblasts was shown to evoke a massive rounding up, and the subsequent detachment of the cells from the substratum, which eventually led to cell death. Induction of Fer expression coincided with increased complex formation between Fer and the cadherin/src-associated substrate p120cas and elevated tyrosine phosphorylation of p120cas. β-Catenin also exhibited clearly increased phosphotyrosine levels, and Fer and β-catenin were found to be in complex. Significantly, although the levels of α-catenin, β-catenin, and E-cadherin were unaffected by Fer overexpression, decreased amounts of α-catenin and β-catenin were coimmunoprecipitated with E-cadherin, demonstrating a dissolution of adherens junction complexes. A concomitant decrease in levels of phosphotyrosine in the focal adhesion-associated protein p130 was also observed. Together, these results provide a mechanism for explaining the phenotype of cells overexpressing Fer and indicate that the Fer tyrosine kinase has a function in the regulation of cell-cell adhesion.
Quantitative PCR analysis and protein distribution of drug transporter genes in the rat cochlea

Membrane transporters can be major determinants in the targeting and effectiveness of pharmaceutical agents. A large number of biologically important membrane transporters have been identified and localized to a variety of tissues, organs and cell types. However, little is known about the expression of key membrane transporters in the inner ear, a promising site for targeted therapeutics, as well as a region vulnerable to adverse drug reactions and environmental factors. In this study, we examined the levels of endogenous membrane transporters in rat cochlea by targeted PCR array analysis of 84 transporter genes, followed by validation and localization in tissues by immunohistochemistry. Our studies indicate that several members of the SLC, VDAC and ABC membrane transporter families show high levels of expression, both at the RNA and protein levels in the rat cochlea. Identification and characterization of these membrane transporters in the inner ear have clinical implications for both therapeutic and cytotoxic mechanisms that may aid in the preservation of auditory function.
Requirements for X-linked zygotic gene activity during cellularization of early Drosophila embryos.

To examine the requirements for X-chromosomal transcription during precellular stages of Drosophila embryogenesis, attached X-chromosomes and XY translocations were used to generate embryos deficient for large cytologically defined regions of that chromosome. Embryos that lack all X-chromosome material (‘nullo-X embryos’) develop normally to the cycle-14 syncytial blastoderm stage, but fail to partition their nuclei to single cells during cellularization. The cellularization defects can first be detected in the abnormal distribution of cortical actin and nuclei during early cycle 14. The same defects are produced by deletions of only a single region on the X-chromosome, between 6F and 7A. Nullo-X embryos carrying a duplication of this region cellularize and develop normally to the onset of gastrulation.
'They Thought on Our Behalf': CBNRM, Women, and Decision-Making in Kwandu Conservancy, Caprivi, Namibia

Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) aims to devolve decision-making power to the communities. While empirical evidence suggests that CBNRM has enhanced opportunities for decision-making at the community-scale, less scholarly attention has been given to women’s participation in CBNRM decision-making. We use an empowerment lens to evaluate women’s ability to participate in CBNRM decision-making. A case study of Kwandu Conservancy, located in Namibia’s Caprivi region, generated 49 interviews of a wide range of female Conservancy residents. Data was also collected through participant observation, document review, and twenty key informant interviews. Data analysis revealed that women’s household responsibilities, women’s fear of public speaking, and culturally-rooted beliefs about men’s superior decision-making abilities pose significant obstacles to women’s participation. While the Conservancy has offered women public-speaking training, hired women into leadership positions, and directly involved women in drafting Kwandu Conservancy’s new constitution, the Conservancy has yet to fully involve women in decision-making. Employment discrimination, insufficient communication about meeting times, inequitable meeting structures, and patriarchal cultural norms will all need to be addressed if the Conservancy is to provide equal decision-making opportunities to female residents.
Examples of Survival Data

The problem of analyzing time to event data arises in a number of applied fields, such as medicine, biology, public health, epidemiology, engineering, economics, and demography. Although the statistical tools we shall present are applicable to all these disciplines, our focus is on applying the techniques to biology and medicine. In this chapter, we present some examples drawn from these fields that are used throughout the text to illustrate the statistical techniques we shall describe.
Improving Health Care for the Future Uninsured in Los Angeles County: A Community-Partnered Dialogue.

Objectives: To understand the health care access issues faced by Los Angeles (LA) County’s uninsured and residually unin­sured after implementation of the Afford­able Care Act (ACA) and to identify poten­tial solutions using a community-partnered dialogue. Design: Qualitative study using a com­munity-partnered participatory research framework. Setting: Community forum breakout discus­sion. Discussants: Representatives from LA County health care agencies, community health care provider organizations, local community advocacy and service organiza­tions including uninsured individuals, and the county school district. Main Outcome Measures: Key structural and overarching value themes identified through community-partnered pile sort, c-coefficients measuring overlap between themes. Results: Five overarching value themes were identified – knowledge, trust, quality, partnership, and solutions. Lack of knowl­edge and misinformation were identified as barriers to successful enrollment of the eligible uninsured and providing health care to undocumented individuals. Discussants noted dissatisfaction with the quality of tra­ditional sources of health care and a broken cycle of trust and disengagement. They also described inherent trust by the uninsured in “outsider” community-based providers not related to quality. Conclusions: Improving health care for the residually uninsured after ACA implementa­tion will require addressing dissatisfaction in safety-net providers, disseminating knowl­edge and providing health care through trusted nontraditional sources, and using effective and trusted partnerships between community and health care agencies with mutual respect. Community-academic part­nerships can be a trusted conduit to discuss issues related to the health care of vulner­able populations. Ethn Dis. 2015; 25(4)487- 494; doi:10.18865/ed.25.4.487
Effects of Aging on Processing of Novel Musical Structure

Musical processing involves long-term memory representations of invariant properties of auditory patterns and working memory representations of patterns heard in the present moment. Musical scales are formalized sets of pitches on which much of musical composition and improvisation is based, and frequency relations among scale notes are invariant within categorical boundaries. Studies of young adults have indicated that adjustments of frequency relations are better detected when melodies are based on culturally familiar scales than on culturally unfamiliar scales. A proposed account for this finding has been that knowledge about musical frequency relations is stored in long-term memory. In the present study, old and young adults performed equivalently well in detection of frequency relation adjustments in a culturally familiar scale context, but young adults performed better than old adults in culturally unfamiliar scale contexts. The performance of old adults in a culturally unfamiliar scale context was correlated with high-frequency (8 kHz) hearing sensitivity. These findings suggest that influences of aging on processing of auditory events involve relations of auditory cognition and hearing sensitivity.
Extension of the NSWC aeroprediction code above angle of attack thirty degrees

The NSWCDD aeroprediction code has been extended to angles of attack (AOA) greater than 30 deg. To accomplish this, several data bases were used to approximate the nonlinearities in individual missile component aerodynamics. Theoretical aerodynamic methods were used at small AOA. The new semiempirical model was then applied to several configurations and the empirical constants free-tuned so as to minimize some of the errors associated with wind tunnel measurements of component aerodynamics at high AOA. New and improved technology developed includes: (1) extension of the wing-body and body-wing interference factor methodology above AOA of 30 deg for both zero and nonzero control deflections and (2) refinements in body-alone normal force and center-of-pressure prediction to account for Reynolds number, transonic and asymmetrically shed body vortices. The new version of the code was then applied to several missile configurations outside the data bases from which the empirical constants were derived. (Author)
Holographic and analytic study of a semiclamped rectangular plate supported by struts: This paper discusses the use of holographic interferometry as an engineering aid in a design evaluation, and demonstrates how holography provides experimental results which the elastician and stress analyst require to justify the mathematical model in an analytical study of the design

The purpose of this paper is to present a comparison of holographically, mechanically and analytically determined deflection of a uniformly loaded semiclamped rectangular plate supported by struts. Double-exposure holographic interferometry provides experimental static deflection as well as force-deflection hysteresis data. The experimental holographic technique is discussed. The analytic solution by method of superposition is also presented.
NASA Orion Flush Air Data Sensing System Feasibility Determination and Development

Exterior probes are not viable options for the Orion crew capsule air data system due to the extreme aero-thermal environment on re-entry. The Air Force Academy Department of Aeronautics was tasked by the NASA Johnson Space Center Aeroscience and CFD Branch in December, 2011, to determine the feasibility of implementing a Flush Air Data Sensing (FADS) system, which would provide air data state flight parameters for the Orion spacecraft. The proposed Orion FADS system consisted of nine pressure ports on the capsule heat shield. FADS systems have been implemented on several aircraft nose cones in the past; however, application to the Orion presented a unique feasibility challenge due to the large radius of curvature of the heat shield versus the relatively low radius of curvature of aircraft nose cones, offsets in the pressure port arrays from the symmetrical centerlines, extreme orientations, and irregular and asymmetric heat shield geometries. Algorithm logic was developed, based on differential pressures from these ports, to predict angle of attack, sideslip, Mach number, and static pressure. Development of the system included creation of appropriate algorithms and scaled wind tunnel testing. Initially, a calibration procedure was implemented to characterize four experimental FADS correction parameters for the Generation II Orion Parachute Test Vehicle (PTV-2) based on computational fluid dynamic predictions and wind tunnel results. These calibration parameters were incorporated in a solution algorithm and used in post-flight analysis to reduce the air data state from the actual NASA PTV-2 drop test. The calibration procedure was then repeated for the Orion Exploration Flight Test-1 (EFT-1) vehicle in anticipation of the first orbital flight of the Orion program in November, 2014. Several independent wind tunnel cases, not used to build calibration tables for the EFT-1 vehicle, were evaluated to test the accuracy of the solution algorithm’s determination of air data state. The final product had average error of 0.06 o in α prediction, 0.24 o in β prediction, 0.579% in Mach number prediction, and 2.67% in prediction of P∞. These results indicated that implementation of a FADS system on the Orion was feasible and provided a reliable approach for determination of the Orion air data state.
Meningitis Due to Xanthomonas maltophilia: Case Report and Review

Xanthomonas maltophilia is being increasingly recognized as an opportunistic pathogen in debilitated patients. We report a case of postoperative meningitis due to X. maltophilia and review the cases of X. maltophilia meningitis reported in the literature. Because X. maltophilia is often resistant to multiple beta-lactam agents, including cephalosporins and imipenem, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole appears to be the drug of choice for treatment of X. maltophilia meningitis.
Large and Long-Range Dynamic Correlations in Supercooled Fluids Revealed via Four-Point Correlation Functions.

Dynamic heterogeneity in supercooled fluids is often monitored using four-point structure factors. We show that a four-point structure factor slightly different from the one commonly used reveals t...
Childhood Epilepsy: The Outlook for Termination of Therapy

Can anticonvulsant therapy be suspended in epileptic children once control has been achieved? A follow-up of children who were gradually withdrawn from drugs after at least a four-year seizure-free interval showed that three fourths did not relapse. Analysis revealed no relation of recurrence to any factor except age at onset and rapidity of control; with early onset and prompt control, the long-term outlook was highly favorable.
Head and neck symptoms. Is the problem in the ears, face, neck, or oral cavity?

PreviewThere is a complex anatomic and physiologic relationship among head and neck structures. Because of this complexity, patients with problems in any of these structures often present with a wide range of symptoms and physical findings. The authors describe many head and neck conditions that are encountered in a busy practice and emphasize selection of diagnostic studies and appropriate referral for treatment.
Modal Choice in the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Statistical Area: An Exploratory Data Analysis

Journey-to-work mode choice is intertwined with ideological and pragmatic issues. This article reexamines such issues using socioeconomic data from the decennial census and American Community Survey (ACS). It investigates the structure of variables with exploratory data analysis (EDA) because this technique advises the formation of hypotheses and the specification of cause and effect. Traditional EDA reveals the nonnormal structure of raw data, mapping illustrates associations between transit and income, and both methods suggest the presence of a transit-by-choice population among affluent metropolitan residents. The results yield three hypotheses concerning propensity to use transit that have previously received little attention.
Microwave Research and Development at the U.S. Army Natick Research and Development Laboratories

The United States Armed Forces’ interest in the application of microwave energy to food processing and foodservice dates back to the mtd-1940’s, and has continued to the present. A review of microw...
Good Intentions Pave the Road to Hierarchy

I explore certain complexities of partnering university students with members of the Mexican and Honduran immigrant community2 through service-learning. I reveal how my “good intentions” inadvertently created social hierarchy and deficit notions of the community, establishing the students as “haves” and community members as “have-nots.” Critically examining my practices, I reflect on the service-learning instructor’s role in fostering reciprocal relationships based on non-hierarchical constructs when bringing seemingly disparate groups together in service-learning partnerships.
Optimization of Message Passing Services on POWER8 InfiniBand Clusters

We present scalability and performance enhancements to MPI libraries on POWER8 InfiniBand clusters. We explore optimizations in the Parallel Active Messaging Interface (PAMI) libraries. We bypass IB VERBS via low level inline calls resulting in low latencies and high message rates. MPI is enabled on POWER8 by extension of both MPICH and Open MPI to call PAMI libraries. The IBM POWER8 nodes have GPU accelerators to optimize floating throughput of the node. We explore optimized algorithms for GPU-to-GPU communication with minimal processor involvement. We achieve a peak MPI message rate of 186 million messages per second. We also present scalable performance in the QBOX and AMG applications.
Isoscalar transition rates from the (α, α′) reaction

Abstract The magnitude of the differential cross-section for the (α, α′) reaction is shown to be proportional to the square of the matrix element of a microscopic, one body, isoscalar multipole transition operator. This is tested experimentally by observing the experimental equality of isoscalar and EM transition rates for Δ T = 0 transitions in T = 0 nuclei. A combination of isoscalar and EM transition rates gives informations about the neutron and proton contributions to nuclear excitation rates.
Cyclosporine a Alters Expression of Renal Micrornas: New Insights into Calcineurin Inhibitor Nephrotoxicity

Calcineurin inhibitors are powerful immunosuppressants that revolutionized organ transplantation. However, non-immune effects of the calcineurin inhibitor, such as cyclosporine A (CsA), have significantly hindered their use. Specifically, nephrotoxicity, which is associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and podocyte damage, affects up to half of all transplant patients. Calcineurin is involved in many aspects of kidney development and function; therefore, mechanisms of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity are complex and not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate protein-coding RNA expression through post-translational repression of target messenger RNAs. MicroRNA dysregulation is known to be involved in kidney diseases including fibrosis. In this study, we compared the renal microRNA expression profiles between mice that received CsA (20 mg/kg) or vehicle daily for six weeks. The results demonstrate that CsA induces significant changes in renal microRNA expression profile. We used combined criteria of False Discovery Rate (≤0.1), fold change (≥2) and median signal strength (≥50) and identified 76 differencially expressed microRNAs. This approach identified microRNAs previously linked to renal fibrosis that includes let-7d, miR-21, miR-29, miR-30, miR-130, miR-192, and miR-200 as well as microRNAs that have not been reported to be related to nephrotoxicity or immunosuppression. Pathway analysis of microRNA/mRNA changes highlights the Wnt, TGF-β, mTOR, and VEGF pathways. The mRNA expression profiles were compared in the same samples. The change of mRNA and microRNA profiles showed close correlations. To validate that the observed microRNA and mRNA expression level changes in mice kidney tissue were directly related to CsA treatment, the expression change induced by CsA treatment of three microRNAs (miR-21, miR-186, and miR-709) and three mRNAs (BMPR1a, SMURF1 and SMAD7) were compared in HEK293 cell line. A similar trend of expression level change was induced by CsA treatment in all selected microRNAs and mRNAs in the in vitro cell model. These data provide a roadmap for future work to study the role of the known and novel candidate microRNAs in the mechanism of nephrotoxicity and their further therapeutic potential.