Heat transfer—a review of 1974 literature

THIS review surveys results that have been published in various fields of heat transfer during 1974. As in the past, the number ofpapers published during that period was such that only a selection can be included in the Review. A more complete list is contained in the heattransfer bibliographies published periodically in this journal. The most significant of the various conferences dealing with heat transfer was the Fifth International Heat Transfer Conference held in Tokyo from 3 to 7 September, 1974. The eight invited lectures dealt respectively with turbulence in heat and mass transfer, growth and decay of ice, holography, numerical methods in convective heat transfer, energy transfer in planetary atmospheres, biological thermo-regulatory systems, complex geometry channels, and radiative transfer at super high temperatures. Thirty-nine sessions were concerned with forced and natural convection, rheological systems, boiling, condensation, combined heat and mass transfer, and heat exchangers. Seven round table meetings, open forums, film sessions, and an equipment show rounded out the program of the Conference which was attended by 537 participants (210ofwhich werefrom abroad)and was well organized by the Japanese Organizing Committee. The proceedings, including discussions, are now available in book form. The 1974 International Seminar of the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer was held from 26 to 30 August, 1974 in Trogir, Yugoslavia and was devoted to heat and mass transfer in the environment of vegetation. Invited lectures and short communications covered heat and mass transfer in the soil, in plants, and in the lower atmosphere and treated bioengineering of plant growth and pollution of soil, water, and vegetation.* The 95th Winter Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers had in its program 11 sessions dealing with thermal energy storage, solar energy applications, heat transfer in equipment, in gas cooled reactors, and in nuclear reactor safety, in addition to fundamental heat-transfer studies. In addition, a panel meeting considered heat exchanger standards.? -___.._-____ *A collection of papers of the conference is available in book form from the Scripta Book Company. ?-Reprints of the papers are available through the Society and many of them will also be published in the Journal of Heat Transfer. The AIChE Symposium Series, Volume 70, No. 138, 1974 “Heat Transfer in Research and Design,” contains papers presented at the 14th National Heat Transfer Conference in Atlanta, as well as papers presented at various meetings of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers The 1974 International Gas Turbine Conference at Zurich was organized by the ASME and the Swiss Society of Engineers and Architects. Two of its 35 sessions were devoted to heat transfer. and papers in other sessions touched on this subject. The 1974 Heat Transfer and Fluid Mechanics Institute was held at Oregon State University from June 12 through June 14,1974. Thirteen of its 22 papers considered heat-transfer problems and two invited lectures discussed transport phenomena in heat pipes and research needs in process heat-transfer design. The proceedings of the conference are available through Stanford University Press. Developments in heat-transfer research during 1974 can be characterized by the following highlights: The largest number of papers were devoted to condu~ion, natural convection, phase change, and properties. Conduction was studied under conditions of phase change by means of numerical methods, and for irregular, composite, and anisotropic bodies. The laminar entrance region, variable properties, and turbulence models were considered in channel flows, with analytical papers far outnumbering experimental ones. Combined natural and forced flow, unsteady conditions, wakes, and jets were investigated in the area of boundary layers. Transfer mechanisms were studied through hot wire measurements, through analytical or statistical theories, and through improvements in phenomenological models. Natural convection papers dealt primarify with enclosures, non-Newtonian fluids, and variable properties. Combined heatand mass-transfer studies were considered with interaction of heated jets with surroundings, film cooling, and to a lesser degree, transpiration cooling. The larger number of applied papers on phase change originated primarily in the Soviet Union and in Japan. Radiation was investigated in non-gray media, either by itself or combined with conduction and convection. Several papers also considered radiative exchange in cavities, in fins, and at very low cryogenic temperatures. Non-intrusive (optical) measurement techniques were described. A large number of papers was devoted to fluidized beds. Plasma heat-transfer studies included 129