cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Performance of trellis coded MDPSK on fast fading channels

The performance of trellis-coded multiple differential phase-shift keying (MDPSK) over fast fading channels characteristic of a mobile environment with high vehicle speeds is presented. The envelope of the fading process is modeled as a Rician distribution, with parameter K denoting the ratio of power in the specular plus direct components to that in the diffuse component. On the basis of this model, upper bounds on the bit error probability are derived, and the sensitivity of the performance to an increase in the speed of the mobile vehicle is demonstrated as a function of K. In particular, it has been observed that as K decreases, the performance degradation due to the phase variation increases. All of the results are obtained from a combination of analysis and computer simulation, the latter being used to verify the former. >
Multipath Fading Measurements at 5.8 GHz for Backscatter Tags With Multiple Antennas

Multipath fading can be heavy for ultra-high frequency (UHF) and microwave backscatter radio systems used in applications such as radio frequency identification (RFID). This paper presents measurements of fading on the modulated signal backscattered from a transponder for backscatter radio systems that use multiple antennas at the interrogator and transponder. Measurements were performed at 5.8 GHz and estimates of the backscatter channel envelope distributions and fade margins were calculated. Results show that multipath fading can be reduced using multiple transponder antennas, bistatic interrogators with widely separated transmitter and receiver antennas, and conventional diversity combining at the interrogator receiver. The measured envelope distribution estimates are compared to previously derived distributions and show good agreement.
Effects of Temperature and Particle Size on Deposition in Land Based Turbines

Four series of tests were performed in an accelerated deposition test facility to study the independent effects of particle size, gas temperature, and metal temperature on ash deposits from two candidate power turbine synfuels (coal and petcoke). The facility matches the gas temperature and velocity of modern first stage high pressure turbine vanes while accelerating the deposition process. Particle size was found to have a significant effect on capture efficiency with larger particles causing significant thermal barrier coating (TBC) spallation durin ga4h accelerated test. In the second series of tests, particle deposition rate was found to decrease with decreasing gas temperature. The threshold gas temperature for deposition was approximately 960°C. In the third and fourth test series, impingement cooling was applied to the back side of the target coupon to simulate internal vane cooling. Capture efficiency was reduced with increasing mass flow of coolant air; however, at low levels of cooling, the deposits attached more tenaciously to the TBC layer. Postexposure analyses of the third test series (scanning electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy) show decreasing TBC damage with increased cooling levels. DOI: 10.1115/1.2903901
Sessions: A technique and its application to the UNIX file system

This paper describes a new technique for analyzing dynamic file usage patterns based upon classification of file sessions. Afire session Is defined to be the set of operations on a given file from the moment it is opened until the moment it is closed. If file system measurement data is organized into sessions, each session may then be classified by the pattern of file use that it demonstrates. Examination of the overall pattern of file use revealed by this classification leads to valuable insights for file system designers. The technique is Illustrated by applying it to data collected from a UNIX® file system by John Ousterhout at Berkeley [6]. One surprising result was a high incidence of “lock files”.
The Market for Dividends and Related Investment Strategies (corrected)

A market for dividends paid on major equity indices and paid by large companies has developed around the world. This market, in a manner similar to that of the U.S. Treasury strip market, allows investors to invest in future dividend cash flows independent of investing in the equities. Since 2004, dividend swaps have been a major profit contributor for multistrategy and macro hedge funds because market-implied dividends have been trading at high discounts and dividend growth has been strong. This article contains a discussion of current instruments and market dynamics, investment strategies and methods of forecasting dividends, and potential benefits and problems in this market.
A New Approach to the Existence of Equilibria in Vector Lattices

Abstract Motivated by recent work of Huang and Kreps it is shown that the existence of a general equilibrium in an exchange economy whose commodity space is a vector lattice is guaranteed if (in addition to standard hypotheses) the price space is also a lattice. This is very weak in contrast with the usual requirement that the topology of the commodity space be locally solid (i.e., continuity of the lattice operations), a condition violated in models of Jones and of Huang and Kreps. The key to our proof is a disaggregated approach to the construction of supporting prices.
Daily variations in the sensitivity of soybean seedlings to low temperature.

Every 4 hr during a time span of 32 hr and of 76 hr a different group of soybean seedlings [Glycine max (L.) Merr., cv. Corsoy] maintained under a regime of 16 hr of light followed by 8 hr of darkness was exposed to -10°C for 4 min. Extent of sensitivity to low temperature was evaluated approximately 10 days alter exposure to freezing temperature by determining the weight of the plants and chlorophyll content of the cotyledons. The amount of sensitivity to low temperature was related to the time of exposure and displayed a significant 24-hr oscillation. Plants appeared to be least sensitive to cold injury during the late portions of the light span. Plants subjected to water stress were less sensitive to cold and no significant 24-hr oscillation in response to low temperature could be detected by the cosinor method of analysis.
The Application of Multifunction Stochastic Service Systems in Allocating Ambulances to an Urban Area

Alternative policies for the allocation and distribution of ambulances are studied for the city of Detroit, Michigan. Data on emergency occurrence and service processes were collected and analyzed, and these data analyses are utilized to model the ambulance system as a multifunction stochastic service system with semi-Markov arrivals and state-dependent server selection. Numerical results are developed predicting the performance of both single function recovery systems and dual function police-ambulance systems under alternative operating policies.
I( 2 P 1/2 ) produced by the energy transfer from NCl(a 1 Δ) to I( 2 P 3/2 )

Emission from I(2P1/2) at 1.315 μm was used to demonstrate resonant energy transfer between NCl(a1Δ) and I(2P3/2). The NCl(a1Δ) was produced by the reaction of excess Cl with HN3. A rate constant for quenching of NCl(a1Δ) by I(2P3/2) was found to be greater than 1 × 10−10 cm3 s−1. This nearly gas kinetic rate is interpreted as evidence of an efficient near-resonant energy transfer process: NCl(a1Δ, v = 0) + I(2P3/2) → NCl(X3∑, v = 2) + I(2P1/2).
Drought impact on the germination of selected energy grass species

In order to gain a sufficient amount of phytomass for the needs of eco-energetics, there are monocultural grasslands established on the arable land. In the context of the changing climate and more frequent periods of drought, it is important to look for grass species and varieties that are able to withstand these stress conditions. Influence of droughtness on germination of four selected energy grass species is decribed in paper. The investigated species were tall meadow oat (Arrhenatherum elatius L.) - the Median variety, orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) - the Padania variety, tall wheatgrass (Elymus elongatus) - the Szarvasi-1 variety and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) - the Chrastava variety. Although the species differed in the germinability (p 0.05).
Marion Harper, Jr.:

LATE IN 1963 Erwin Wasey, Ruthrauff & Ryan advertising agency, joined the Interpublic Group of Companies. The billings that came with the acquisition entitled Interpublic to undisputed ranking as "the world's largest marketing communications enterprise." This long-sought position has since been maintained, for in 1965 the agency units controlled by Interpublic I .... billed an estimated aggregate of $617,900,000. This figure contrasts with the 1965 billings of $530,000,000 of the J. Wal... ter Thompson Company, while .. McCann-Erickson, Inc.biggest Interpublic component--:: ::::_ was the second largest agency, with billings of $420,000,000.: Some advertising people 9li ti have characterized the Interpublic Group of Companies as J : ; the "General Motors of Ad-
Mono- and dicarbonyl-bridged tricyclic heterocyclic acceptors: synthesis and electronic properties.

A series of trialkylsilyl-substituted 2,2′-dithiophene, 4,4′-di-n-hexyl-2,2′-dithiophene, 5,5′-dithiazole, and 2,2′-diselenophene with carbonyl (2a−d) and α-dicarbonyl bridges (3a−d) were prepared from readily available dihalides, using double lithiation followed by trapping with N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl chloride or diethyl oxalate (or N,N-dimethylpiperazine-2,3-dione), respectively. Cyclic voltammetry reveals that the first half-wave reduction potentials for this series of compounds span a wide range, from −1.87 to −0.97 V vs the ferrocene/ferrocenium couple at 0 V (0.1 M nBu4NPF6 in THF). A significant increase of the first half-wave reduction potential (by 0.50−0.67 V) was observed on substitution of the monocarbonyl bridge with α-dicarbonyl. Adiabatic electron affinity (AEA, gas phase) trends determined via density functional theory (DFT) calculations are in good agreement with the electrochemical reduction potentials. UV−vis absorption spectra across the series show a weak absorption band in the visible...
Abstract 587: A novel non-COX-inhibitory sulindac derivative induces autophagic cell death by inhibiting Akt signaling in lung cancer cells.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as sulindac sulfide (SS) have shown promising antineoplastic activity in multiple tumor types, but toxicities resulting from cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition limit their chronic use for chemoprevention. We recently described a N,N-dimethylethyl amine derivative of SS referred to as sulindac sulfide amide (SSA) that does not inhibit COX-1 or -2, yet displays potent tumor cell growth inhibitory activity. Here, we studied the basis for the growth inhibitory effects of SSA on human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. SSA potently inhibited the growth of lung tumor cells with IC50 values of 2-5 μM compared with 44-52 μM for SS. SSA also suppressed DNA synthesis and caused a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest more potently than SS. SSA-induced cell death was associated with characteristics of autophagy, including an increase in acidic vesicular organelle content, elevation of the levels of LC3-II, and an increase in autophagic flux. siRNA knockdown of Atg7 attenuated SSA-induced autophagy and cell death. Surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, cleavage of caspases 3 and 7, as well as PARP were detectable with SSA treatment, although the pan-caspase inhibitor, ZVAD was not able to rescue viability. SSA treatment also inhibited Akt/mTOR signaling and the expression of downstream proteins that are regulated by this pathway. Overexpression of a constitutively active form of Akt was able to reduce autophagy markers and confer resistance to SSA-induced cell death. Our findings provide evidence that SSA induces autophagic cell death in lung cancer cell lines by suppressing Akt/mTOR signaling. This unique mechanism of action along with its increased potency and lack of cyclooxygenase inhibition support the development of SSA or related analogs for the prevention and/or treatment of lung cancer. Funding provided by NIH/NCI grants CA131378 and CA148817. Citation Format: Evrim Gurpinar, William E. Grizzle, John J. Shacka, Nan Li, Adam B. Keeton, Gary A. Piazza. A novel non-COX-inhibitory sulindac derivative induces autophagic cell death by inhibiting Akt signaling in lung cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 587. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-587
Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to quantify plasma busulfan.

BACKGROUND Busulfan is an anti-leukemic, DNA alkylating agent that is used in conditioning regimens for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Because of the large intraindividual and interindividual variations seen in busulfan pharmacokinetics, therapeutic drug monitoring is necessary. Currently at the authors' institution, plasma busulfan in adults is measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) at a reference laboratory, whereas pediatric specimens are sent to a different reference laboratory also for GC-MS analysis. As the result turnaround time is not optimal and this practice is of significant cost, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to quantify plasma busulfan was developed. METHODS Protein precipitation with D8-busulfan (deuterated internal standard) in acetonitrile was carried out on 50 µL of heparinized plasma. Gradient elution with ammonium acetate, formic acid, water, and methanol at 0.6 mL/min had a 4-minute run time. Multiple reaction monitoring was employed using Q1/Q3 transitions of 264/151 and 264/55 for busulfan and 272/159 and 272/62 for D8-busulfan. RESULTS Sample preparation took ∼30 minutes for 6 patient samples. Six calibrators were used (0-2000 ng/mL) with 3 quality controls (means of 12, 356, and 1535 ng/mL). The limits of detection and quantitation were 1 and 6 ng/mL, respectively. Extraction recovery was ∼77% and ion suppression ∼5%. Within-run and between-run precision studies yielded <15% coefficient of variation at the limit of quantitation and <6% coefficient of variation through the rest of the linear range. Method comparisons between this assay and 2 GC-MS assays revealed mean biases of 7% and 1%. CONCLUSIONS An accurate, rapid, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for quantification of plasma busulfan was developed. This assay reduces current specimen volume requirements, reduces result turnaround time for patients and clinicians, and additionally saves institutional funds.
User Fatigue in Online News Recommendation

Many aspects and properties of Recommender Systems have been well studied in the past decade, however, the impact of User Fatigue has been mostly ignored in the literature. User fatigue represents the phenomenon that a user quickly loses the interest on the recommended item if the same item has been presented to this user multiple times before. The direct impact caused by the user fatigue is the dramatic decrease of the Click Through Rate (CTR, i.e., the ratio of clicks to impressions). In this paper, we present a comprehensive study on the research of the user fatigue in online recommender systems. By analyzing user behavioral logs from Bing Now news recommendation, we find that user fatigue is a severe problem that greatly affects the user experience. We also notice that different users engage differently with repeated recommendations. Depending on the previous users' interaction with repeated recommendations, we illustrate that under certain condition the previously seen items should be demoted, while some other times they should be promoted. We demonstrate how statistics about the analysis of the user fatigue can be incorporated into ranking algorithms for personalized recommendations. Our experimental results indicate that significant gains can be achieved by introducing features that reflect users' interaction with previously seen recommendations (up to 15% enhancement on all users and 34% improvement on heavy users).
Design of Sampling System Based on TMS320VC54XX and CPLD

A multi-channel analog signal sampling system which is based on DSP is presented in this paper.The core of the system is a fixed-point TMS320VC5409 DSP chip from TI Corporation.The chip reads and restores the converted digital data from AD7864 through those control signals that are produced by a CPLD circuit,which realizes the function to sample analog signals.The system has been applied into a lot of equipment including the underwater passive position sets.
Typology of dogs by the conditional reflex method

Some of the problems and concerns which initiated and motivated the development of typological research in Pavlov’s laboratories are reviewed. Explanations are developed as to the basic theme underlying the typing methods. Two outstanding methods of typing dogs, the “large standard” and the “small standard,” are presented in considerable detail. The basic four types that emerge from the testing procedures and some of their shortcomings are discussed. The importance to Western investigators of acquiring a first hand knowledge of this methodology is stressed.
Johnson, Sargent C.

Born: October 7, 1887, Boston, MA Education: West Art School, San Francisco, 1915; California School of Arts, 1919–23; California School of Fine Arts, 1940–42 Died: October 10, 1967, San Francisco, CA Sculptor, ceramist, and printmaker, Johnson produced African American figures of telling beauty and reserve. One of the most inventive artists of the Harlem Renaissance era, he sculpted human figures and still objects in plaster, bronze, and earthenware. “It is the pure American Negro I am concerned with, aiming to show the natural beauty and dignity in that characteristic lip and that characteristic hair, bearing and manner,” he said, “and I wish to show that beauty not so much to the white man as to the Negro himself” (Wintz and Glasrud, 2012, p. 106). His busts, like “ Negro Woman ” (1933), and public creations have lasted. For the Federal Arts Project (1930s) in the San Francisco Bay Area, he built a large redwood organ screen in the chapel of California School for the Blind. He created entrance reliefs and mosaic murals for the walking deck to the Maritime Museum in Aquatic Park and two 8-foot Inca Indians, seated on llamas, depict native heritage. Johnson's cast stone frieze decorates the athletic field of the George Washington Carver High School. In 1947 he started constructing massive panels of porcelain on steel. Over the next two decades he received commissions for them, including a 78-by-39 feet panel for a Reno casino.
Big Players in Czarist Russia

The contrasting policies of two Russian finance ministers, Nikolai Bunge and Ivan Vyshnegradsky, provide a case study in the Big Players effect. Bunge served from 1881 through 1886, Vyshnegradsky from 1887 through 1891.2 Bunge was a strict rule-follower and thus not a Big Player. Vyshnegradsky was an interventionist and very much a Big Player in the international market for the ruble. Under Bunge’s regime, as we shall see, the ruble exchange rate fluctuated more narrowly than under Vyshnegradsky. The statistical results of this chapter and Chapter 9 suggest that Big Player effects were stronger under Vyshnegradsky.
Local Maritime-Security Issues

Maritime-security issues may be considered as ‘local’ in nature when their impact is limited largely to areas offshore from a single island or archipelago or at most a few adjacent islands. Although the maritime-security issues under consideration in this chapter do not generally transcend a local setting, they cover a wide gamut of offshore considerations and may be of vital interest for individual islands.
Measles Virus and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

The measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine has nearly eliminated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE), a rare complication of measles, and other measles-virus-related neurological disorders in populations with compulsory vaccination programs (http://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/history.html). Nonetheless, the neurological complications of measles, including SSPE, remain threats to unimmunized persons, especially children who live in measles-endemic regions and acquire measles at young ages. This chapter summarizes current information regarding the epidemiology, virology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of measles and its neurological complications, focusing on SSPE.
Involvement of 5HT2A receptors in the adverse interactions between opioids and serotoninpromoting drugs in rats

I addition to addictive potential, opioids have neurotoxic risks in patients with mental problems concurrently using serotonin (5HT)-promoting drugs including SSRIs and MAOIs. The purpose of the present investigation was to test that 5HT2A receptors are responsible for such neurotoxic responses. Furthermore, we hypothesized that a major risk factor for neurotoxicity is the nature of external environment, in which warm temperature would enhance the responsivity of 5HT2A receptor responsible for inducing the toxicity. The hypothesis was thus examined at ambient temperature of 22 °C in contrast to 32 °C. The reference drugs used in this study included the opioid receptor agonist morphine, the serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine and monoamine oxidase inhibitor clorgyline. Changes in brain 5HT were determined using microdialysis while brain activity was measured with electroencephalogram (EEG). Morphine alone injected into rats caused a small increase in 5HT in the cortex. However, the increase became excessive as injected concurrently with either paroxetine or clorgyline. Despite this, morphine in combination with paroxetine or clorgyline had little effect on brain activity measured with EEG recording at 22 °C. In contrast, seizure-like EEG activity was induced as the drug injections were made at 32 °C. To reveal the involvement of a specific receptor, effects of DOI (a 5HT2A receptor agonist) and 8-OH-DPAT (5HT1A agonist) were examined. Injection of DOI at 32 °C produced seizurelike EEG activity similar to opioid intoxication. The results of our data support the involvement of 5HT2A receptors in opioidinduced neurotoxicity in a temperature dependent manner.
157. Seltene Befunde bei der chronisch fibrosierenden Pankreatitis

In 247 Fallen mit chronischer Pankreatitis war in den letzten Jahren eine operative Therapie notwendig. Vor 3 Jahren kamen zwei Schwestern (8 und 7 Jahre) mit einer chronischen Pankreatitis und grosen Pseudocysten. Ein 44 Jahre alter Mann kam mit einer perforierten Pankreascyste, die zur folgenden Milzruptur fuhrte. In einem anderen Fall entstand eine Duodenalperforation durch eine perforierte Pankreaskopfcyste. Die Behandlung erfolgte mit einer Rouxschen Schlinge.
Prevalence and Distribution of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Retail Meats.

Nine cooperating laboratories, distributed throughout the United States, determined the interlaboratory reproducibility of a sensitive, selective method for isolation of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from foods, and determined the prevalence and distribution of the organism in retail meats. A double-blind inoculated/recovery experiment demonstrated the ability to detect two cells of C. jejuni and C. coli per g of meat at a rate of 96% among the cooperating laboratories. However, a 7.5% false-positive rate for the presumptive detection of the organism was also reported. Samples of ground beef, beef flank steak, lamb stew meat, broiler chicken, pork sausage (without antimicrobials), and pork chops were selected to assess the presence of campylobacters. Each cooperator purchased five of each of the above samples from the refrigerated case of two retail outlets at quarterly intervals throughout the year. A total of 2,160 retail samples were analyzed for the presence of C. jejuni and C. coli. Res...
Periodontal disease and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that has been associated with chronic diseases, including cancer. In an earlier prospective cohort analysis within the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), we observed a 31% higher risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) among participants with severe periodontal disease at baseline. Here, we extend the study with an additional 8 years of follow-up, and conduct analyses with updated periodontal disease status and NHL subtypes. The HPFS is an ongoing prospective cohort study of 51,529 men in the USA Between baseline in 1986 and 2012, 875 cases of NHL were diagnosed, including 290 chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphomas (CLL/SLL), 85 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and 91 follicular lymphomas. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations of interest. History of periodontal disease at baseline was positively associated with risk of NHL overall (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.49) and CLL/SLL (HR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.04–1.90). With updated periodontal status, HRs were 1.30 (95% CI: 1.11–1.51) for NHL overall and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.08–1.84) for CLL/SLL. In contrast, after adjusting for periodontal disease, tooth loss was inversely associated with NHL, suggesting that other causes or consequences of tooth loss may have different implications for NHL etiology. Our findings suggest that periodontal disease is a risk factor for NHL. Whether periodontal disease is a direct or indirect cause of NHL, or is a marker of underlying systemic inflammation and/or immune dysregulation, warrants further investigation.
An American Postulate Theorist: Edward V. Huntington

Like many American mathematicians of his generation, Edward V. Huntington (1874-1952) began his mathematical studies in the United States, but completed his doctoral work in Germany. With others of his generation, he went on to help create a mathematics research community within the United States. Huntington is often remembered today for his efforts to build the infrastructure necessary to support such a community, including the founding of new American professional organizations like the Mathematical Association of America (MAA). Of equal importance to the new community were his contributions to the body of mathematical research produced in the United States, and especially his work in an entirely new field known today as “American Postulate Theory.” In this paper, we discuss Huntington’s 1904 paper Sets of Independent Postulates for the Algebra of Logic as an exemplar of the research agenda of the American Postulate Theorists. We further consider the influence that this body of research had on the development of both mathematical logic and algebra, and its importance in gaining international recognition for the developing mathematical research community in the United States.
A novel muon detector for borehole density tomography

Abstract Muons can be used to image the density of materials through which they pass, including geological structures. Subsurface applications of the technology include tracking fluid migration during injection or production, with increasing concern regarding such timely issues as induced seismicity or chemical leakage into aquifers. Current density monitoring options include gravimetric data collection and active or passive seismic surveys. One alternative, or complement, to these methods is the development of a muon detector that is sufficiently compact and robust for deployment in a borehole. Such a muon detector can enable imaging of density structure to monitor small changes in density – a proxy for fluid migration – at depths up to 1500 m. Such a detector has been developed, and Monte Carlo modeling methods applied to simulate the anticipated detector response. Testing and measurements using a prototype detector in the laboratory and shallow underground laboratory demonstrated robust response. A satisfactory comparison with a large drift tube-based muon detector is also presented.
School, department, and instructor determinants of teaching methods in undergraduate economics courses

The choice of teaching methods and materials is affected by key school, departmental, and faculty characteristics. We investigate the effects of such characteristics and estimate how much changes in some school and departmental policies affect the probability that economics instructors will use particular teaching methods and materials in four different types of courses. As schools and departments change policies, often in response to changes in resource bases, they may not take into account how that affects faculty teaching and student time investments in coursework. That raises concerns about the relationship between these constraints, policies, and possible decreases in the quality of college graduates.
A Matter of Values

This chapter examines more closely the impact of individuals’ postmaterial value orientations on public support for or opposition to development of renewable energy resources such as biofuels, wind, geothermal, solar and wave energy. More specifically, the following analysis examines how postmaterialist values affect perceptions of potential environmental tradeoffs between the benefits and potential costs of development and siting renewable energy technologies. The central question is whether the development of postmaterial society and subsequent higher order needs (e.g., those resulting in biocentric orientations toward the environment) are related to support for, or opposition to, the development of alternative renewable energy technologies. Using both the postmaterialist value indicator developed by Ronald Inglehart and his colleagues (Inglehart 1991, 1997) and the New Ecological Paradigm index developed by Dunlap and his colleagues (Dunlap et al. 2000), this chapter examines the impact of values on preferred environmental tradeoffs concerning different renewable energy technologies. Finally, the chapter assesses more directly whether the localists and globalists differ from each other on those values.
Behavior Control in A Home Setting

Systematic reinforcement techniques applied in a home setting controlled the performance of household tasks by 2 children. Experiment I showed a decrease in completion time for a series of 10 tasks when correct performance was reinforced. In Experiment II introduction of a limited-hold criterion reduced variability in completion time and slightly reduced completion time itself. An extinction phase produced both an increase in time to complete tasks and in refusals to begin tasks. In Experiment III the introduction of new reinforcers appeared to have a positive effect on reinforcement behavior. In Experiment IV established task performance by one child was disrupted by introduction of a second child reinforced for the same tasks.
Decency, the Right to Disobey, and Non-domination

This chapter builds upon the idea sketched in the introduction of civil disobedience as a global practice, grounded in commitments to international decency standards. It first lays out the idea of decency as an international standard of accountability for peoples who are reasonable as well as rational. As an international standard, decency does not apply only to the familiar case of domestic disobedience in liberal-democratic states. Neither does it insist upon liberal-democratic premises as paradigmatic of global justice. Instead, it embraces alternative traditional-hierarchical perspectives of justice. The chapter, then, develops this idea as the basis for justifiable disobedient action in the global arena, placing both liberal-democratic and traditional-hierarchical peoples under binding obligations of uptake and reconsideration. This may entail uptake and reconsideration for domestic law and policy binding for either category of people, or uptake and reconsideration for international law and policy binding for all reasonable peoples. The chapter further links the idea of decency to a broad interpretation of non-domination as effective access to legal redress, domestically and internationally, through the protection of dissent and contestation.
The effect of temperature on the mucosal IgM antibody response to DNP-KLH in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

Bath immersion remains a practical route for immunizing against disease in channel catfish; however research efforts in this area have revealed variable results when activating mucosal Ab responses with different antigens. This is likely due to a number of factors including the individual species, age of the fish, preparation of the immunogens, and differences in the overall dosage and the duration of exposure to vaccines. The current study sought to evaluate the effect of water temperature on the in vivo mucosal adaptive immune response in channel catfish to a protein-hapten antigen, DNP-KLH. Fish were bath immersed at different water temperatures and periodically evaluated over an eighteen week period for the development of serum and mucosal IgM antibodies to DNP-KLH using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. None of the temperature groups produced a serum antibody response; however there were detectable DNP-KLH specific IgM antibodies in the mucus starting at week eight. The extent of the mucosal antibody response and duration differed between the treatments. Our results show that there are intrinsic differences in the capacity to generate in vivo mucosal Ab responses in the skin at different water temperatures and the implications of these findings to channel catfish farming will be discussed.
In vivo imaging and quantification of iron oxide nanoparticle uptake and biodistribution

Recent advances in nanotechnology have allowed for the effective use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for cancer imaging and therapy. When activated by an alternating magnetic field (AMF), intra-tumoral IONPs have been effective at controlling tumor growth in rodent models. To accurately plan and assess IONP-based therapies in clinical patients, noninvasive and quantitative imaging technique for the assessment of IONP uptake and biodistribution will be necessary. Proven techniques such as confocal, light and electron microscopy, histochemical iron staining, ICP-MS, fluorescent labeled mNPs and magnetic spectroscopy of Brownian motion (MSB), are being used to assess and quantify IONPs in vitro and in ex vivo tissues. However, a proven noninvasive in vivo IONP imaging technique has not yet been developed. In this study we have demonstrated the shortcomings of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for effectively observing and quantifying iron /IONP concentrations in the clinical setting. Despite the poor outcomes of CT and standard MR sequences in the therapeutic concentration range, ultra-short T2 MRI methods such as, Sweep Imaging With Fourier Transformation (SWIFT), provide a positive iron contrast enhancement and a reduced signal to noise ratio. Ongoing software development and phantom and in vivo studies, will further optimize this technique, providing accurate, clinically-relevant IONP biodistribution information.
The Poetics of My Identities

In 1993, D. John Lee invited me, along with other scholars interested in narrative psychology, to contribute career autobiographies for a book, Life and Story: Autobiographies for a Narrative Psychology (Sarbin, 1993). He asked the contributors to reflect on the effects of the process of rendering the autobiography. These reflections help to answer the social identity question that the current editors, George Yancy and Susan Hadley, have raised: Who is Ted Sarbin? After presenting the poetics of my identities, I will return to those reflections to illuminate a continuity that runs through the academic life span.
Spontaneous Intraventricular Hemorrhage: When Should Intraventricular tPA Be Considered?

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common cause of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in adults. Complicating approximately 40% of ICH cases, IVH adds to the morbidity and mortality of this often fatal form of stroke. It is also a severity factor that complicates subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury, along with other less common causes of intracranial bleeding. Medical and surgical interventions to date have focused on limiting ICH and IVH expansion, controlling intracranial pressure, and relieving obstructive hydrocephalus. The placement of an external ventricular drain (EVD) can achieve the latter two goals but has not demonstrated improvement in clinical outcomes beyond mortality reduction. More recently, intraventricular fibrinolysis, utilizing the EVD, has gained interest as a safe and potentially effective method to maintain catheter patency and facilitate hematoma removal. A recent phase III clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of intraventricular alteplase versus intraventricular saline showed a mortality benefit, but failed to meet the primary endpoint of significant functional improvement. However, planned subgroup analysis focusing on patients with IVH volume > 20 mL, and those with IVH removal > 85% suggest that significant functional benefits may be attainable with this therapy. The practice of intraventricular fibrinolysis for spontaneous IVH is not the standard of care; however, based on 20 years of experience, it meets thresholds as a safe intervention, and in those patients with a high burden of intraventricular blood, aggressive clearance may lead to improved quality of life in survivors of this morbid syndrome.
Informal and ubiquitous: Colonias, premature subdivisions and other unplanned suburbs on America’s urban fringe

Along the US border with Mexico there are thousands of communities designated by the federal government as colonias, a name that highlights the large numbers of low-income, Hispanic immigrants that...
Corneal Endothelium: Overview

The corneal endothelium consists of a monolayer of endothelial cells located at the posterior of the cornea. These cells produce a basement membrane, known as Descemet's membrane that faces the corneal stroma. Endothelial cells pump excess water from the corneal stroma to maintain its hydration and prevent its tendency to swell. The cells also act as partial barriers for the posterior cornea. They are derived from neural crest stem cells and seldom divide in vivo. Endothelial cells participate in the phenomenon of immune privilege that facilitates transplantation. A few genetically related diseases of this layer are known.
Traumatic Vasospastic Disease

Traumatic vasospastic disease commonly results from repetitive trauma, including vibration, mechanical percussive injury to the hands, significant cold exposure, or electric shock injury. Traumatic vasospastic disease is a common cause of Raynaud’s phenomenon in men. The prevalence varies across geographic regions, and this is a function of local climates and different occupational exposures. A careful review of occupational, leisure, and environmental exposures is critical in the assessment of patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon. If traumatic vasospastic disease is suspected, referral to an occupational health physician should be considered. To the extent possible, the exposure should be eliminated, and patients should avoid cold temperatures to prevent vasospastic episodes and morbidity.
Funding, Sponsorship and Touring: Causing a Co-Motion

Making waves with its Expressionist-inspired, visually stunning shows, Dublin-based Co-Motion Theatre Company debuted in 1985 to became one of the most successful independent companies of the late 1980s and early 1990s. A little more than a decade later, though, Co-Motion bowed to financial and administrative pressures, wrapping up in 1997. Drawing its roots from the style and interests of Co-Motion Theatre Company, Co-Motion Media appeared on the Dublin theatrical landscape in 2015.
Emergence of racial/ethnic differences in infant sleep duration in the first six months of life.

Abstract Objective Examine the emergence of differences in sleep duration between infants from different racial/ethnic backgrounds and extent to which differences are explained by socioeconomic status (SES) and sleep continuity. Methods Sleep duration and continuity (number of night wakings and longest nighttime stretch of sleep) were assessed for 394 infants in the Rise & Sleep Health in Infancy & Early Childhood (SHINE) birth cohort at one- and six-months using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ). Multivariable regression was used to estimate associations of race/ethnicity with sleep duration adjusting for individual-level covariates, SES, and sleep continuity. Results The sample was 40% non-Hispanic white, 33% Hispanic, 11% Black, and 15% Asian. Mean (SD) durations for daytime, nighttime, and total sleep at one-month were 6.3 (2.0), 8.9 (1.5), and 15.2 (2.7) hours, respectively. Corresponding durations at six-months were 3.0 (1.4), 9.9 (1.3), and 13.0 (1.9) hours. At one-month, Hispanic infants had shorter nighttime sleep than white infants [β: −0.44 h (95% CI: −0.80, −0.08)]. At six-months, Hispanic [β: −0.96 h (−1.28, −0.63)] and Black [β: −0.60 h (−1.07, −0.12)] infants had shorter nighttime sleep than white infants. The near 1-h differential in night sleep among Hispanics resulted in shorter total sleep [β: −0.66 h (−1.16, −0.15)]. Associations across all racial/ethnic groups were attenuated after adjustment for SES at one- and six months. Sleep continuity attenuated associations with nighttime and total sleep duration by 20–60% for Hispanic infants at six-months. Conclusions Differences in sleep duration emerge early in life among racial/ethnic groups and are in part explained by SES and sleep continuity.
Positron emission tomography scan (PET) in human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV) associated adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL): Single center experience.

e18504 Background: Serologic positivity for HTLV and ATLL are endemic amongst Caribbean populations. Kings County and University Hospital of Brooklyn serve population with large number of immigrant...
Tests of the Stokes-Einstein Relation through the Shear Viscosity Activation Energy of Water.

A method for calculating the activation energy for the shear viscosity of a liquid from simulations at a single temperature is demonstrated. Importantly, the approach provides a route to the rigoro...
Nutritional evaluation of 3 types of novel ethanol coproducts

ABSTRACT Five 48-h precision-fed rooster assays were conducted with the objective to determine true metabolizable energy (TMEn) using conventional roosters and/or standardized amino acid digestibility using cecectomized roosters for distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) produced from human food waste at high solids content (FWDDGS), DDGS produced from 4 corn hybrids with increases in grain protein concentration or the concentrations of several dietary indispensable amino acids, and a coproduct that is produced by a process which separates a high protein and yeast fraction from ethanol stillage (Still Pro, Fluid Quip Process Technologies, Cedar Rapids, IA). These results from the first cecectomized rooster assay indicated that the standardized digestibility values for Lys, Met, Cys, Thr, and Val were 61, 75, 70, 70, and 72%, respectively. Using conventional roosters, the TMEn for the FWDDGS was 3,890 kcal/kg DM. The DDGS produced from the high protein mutant corn hybrid had a higher protein content of 34% compared with 28% protein for DDGS from the control corn hybrid. Using Lys as an example, there was a large difference between the 2 samples; the high protein mutant DDGS contained 1.60% Lys vs 1.05% for the control DDGS. Standardized digestibility of amino acids was generally not different for the mutant DDGS and the control DDGS. Similar results were observed for Lys, Arg, and Trp for the DDGS produced from the second mutant corn hybrid. The Still Pro sample was analyzed to contain 53% protein (DM basis) with 2.22% Lys, 1.05% Met, 0.90% Cys, 2.06% Thr, and 3.08% Val. The standardized digestibility values for these amino acids were 84, 92, 87, 86, and 87%, respectively. The TMEn of the Still Pro sample was determined to be 3,372 kcal/kg DM. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the nutritional value of the 3 types of novel ethanol coproducts is equal to or superior to the nutritional values generally reported for conventional DDGS.
Inkjet Printing of Magnetic Particles Toward Anisotropic Magnetic Properties

Unique properties of one-dimensional assemblies of particles have attracted great attention during the past decades, particularly with respect to the potential for anisotropic magnetism. Patterned films can be created using inkjet printing; however, drying of particle-laden colloidal droplets on solid surfaces is usually accompanied by the well-known coffee-ring effect, deteriorating both the uniformity and resolution of the printed configurations. This study examines the effect of externally applied magnetic field on particle deposition patterns. Ferromagnetic Gd5Si4 particles were formulated in terpineol oil and directly deposited via magnetic field-assisted inkjet printing on a photopaper to generate patterned films with suppressed coffee-ring effect. The particle deposition morphology is determined by both solvent imbibition and particle-magnetic field interactions. Three characteristic times are considered, namely, the critical time for solvent imbibition into the substrate (tim), the time it takes for particles to form chains in the presence of the magnetic field (tch), and the time in which the particles reach the substrate in the direction normal to the substrate (tpz). The characteristic time ratios (tpz/tim) and (tpz/tch) determine the final deposition morphology in the presence of magnetic field. The ability to control particle deposition and assembly, thus tuning the magnetic anisotropic properties of nanostructured materials is a promising approach for many engineering applications.
Faculty Perceptions of Gatekeeping and Student Suitability in the Context of Traditional and Online Social Work Programs

Gatekeeping and the process of assessing student suitability for social work education is increasingly being impacted by the rapid growth of online programs. It remains unclear if suitability concerns within social work programs are operationalized differently between traditional and online/hybrid programs. This quantitative study used previously established student suitability constructs of social consciousness, ethical suitability, practice suitability, and personal suitability to examine attitudes of social work educators and administrators regarding gatekeeping in their respective online/hybrid and traditional social work programs. The study utilized a multivariate multilevel regression analysis to investigate the effect of participant background characteristics regarding perceived emphasis on gatekeeping within participant’s own programs. Findings showed a large discrepancy between what was important to participants and what was perceived to be emphasized in their respective programs regarding suitability and gatekeeping. This study suggests that social work faculty and administrators need to pay particular attention to uneven gatekeeping practices related to technological and pedagogical shifts in the evolving social work education landscape.