cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Solids mixing in an expanded top fluid bed

This study investigated solids mixing of a group A fine powder in a 0.15 m ID expanded top fluid bed with a ferromagnetic tracer. The superficial gas velocity was raised from 0.075 to 1.1 m/s, causing the bed to go through bubbling, slugging, and turbulent fluidization regimes. A countercurrent flow model described the data well at low gas velocities. The bed assumed a more homogeneous appearance at higher gas velocities; a one-dimensional axial dispersion model was used to correlate the data. Axial dispersion coefficients increased with gas velocity. The data agree well with literature data for low gas velocities.
Medical Management of Spontaneous Celiac Artery Dissection : Case Report and Literature Review

Spontaneous visceral artery dissections are a rare occurrence. Here we report a case of spontaneous celiac artery dissection that was treated without surgery.
Electromagnetic wave scattering from a rough interface above a chiral medium: generalized telegraphists’ equations

Using complete modal expansions for the electromagnetic fields above and below a rough interface between free space and chiral media and on imposing exact boundary conditions at the interface, Maxwell's equations are converted into generalized telegraphists' equations for the wave amplitudes of different species of waves (radiation far fields, lateral, and surface waves). The local basis functions, used in the complete modal expansions, are functions of the fluctuating surface height and medium parameters. The generalized telegraphists' equations are coupled first-order differential equations for the forward- and backward-traveling wave amplitudes. The coupling between the different species of waves is due to the fluctuations of the rough surface height and medium parameters. A Taylor series expansion of the surface element scattering matrix in terms of the chiral parameter is used to distinguish between depolarization due to surface roughness and the chiral properties of the medium. The analysis has applications in remote sensing and identification of biological and chemical materials through their optical activity.
Radar Target Identification and Detection Using Short EM Pulses and the E-Pulse Technique

The E-pulse radar target discrimination scheme, a resonance cancellation technique based on the late-time behavior of the transient scattered field, has been successfully demonstrated1,2,3,4 in the laboratory on a variety of occasions. The technique is based on the target natural frequencies and is inherently aspect-independent. Unfortunately, this approach ignores the early-time scattered field component, which is dominated by specular reflections from target scattering centers.
Secure, Resilient Computing Clusters: Self-Cleansing Intrusion Tolerance with Hardware Enforced Security (SCIT/HES)

The formidable difficulty in securing systems stems in large part from the increasing complexity of the systems we build but also the degree to which we now depend on information systems. Complex systems cannot be fully verified under all possible conditions. Self cleansing intrusion tolerance (SCIT) servers go through periodic cleaning. SCIT can be used to create secure and robust cluster of servers without the impossible requirement of having perfect security on each server in the cluster. In this paper, we identify six SCIT security primitives that must be satisfied. We present a SCIT hardware enhanced (SCIT/HES) implementation that guarantees the incorruptibility of SCIT operations
Performability analysis of parallel and distributed algorithms

A generalized stochastic Petri net (GSPN) performability model of a parallel and distributed computation is developed. The performance-related activities such as computations and communications are orders of magnitude faster than the component failure and repair activities. Based on the notion of time-scale decomposition, a hierarchy of two levels is defined. At the lower level the performance submodel describes the activities in the application program, while at the higher level the component failure and repair submodel for the underlying architecture defines the current configuration of processors and communication links available for the computation. These two submodels define the reward model needed for performability analysis. Two parallel FFT (fast Fourier transform) algorithms on a hypercube architecture are presented to illustrate the above modeling technique. A general and extended reliability model of the hypercube is also developed. Various performability measures are presented to demonstrate the importance of performability evaluation for mission-critical parallel applications. >
Trajectory sonar perception

This paper describes a new data association technique for the interpretation of wide-beam sonar measurements. The goal is to group sets of returns that originate from the same surface of an object. We consider the case of a moving observer that obtains range and bearing measurements of curved and/or faceted objects with binaural sonar operating in the specular wavelength regime. Rather than projecting sensor data into a Cartesian space before processing, we operate on a "raw" representation in terms of range, bearing, amplitude, and time. A binary geometric constraint is applied to pairs of consecutive measurements to rule out impossible assignments. A measurement flow model is proposed for validating triples of measurement. The performance of these techniques is illustrated via a set of experiments using a wide-beam 500 kHz binaural sonar system, demonstrating effective perceptual grouping and mapping with sonar echoes originating from a set of objects, despite the presence of navigation error.
Black Sea methane geochemistry

Methane concentrations and oxidation rates were measured in the water column and sediments of the Black Sea at a central station during leg 5 of the 1988 U.S.—Turkey Black Sea Expedition. Methane concentrations were 10 nM in the upper 100 m, increased to 11 μM at 550 m, and were uniform to the bottom. Water column methane oxidation rates were measured using two independent radiotracer techniques: tracer level additions of 3H−CH4, and non-tracer level additions of 14C−CH4. The methods agree within a factor of two. Methane oxidation rates were low in the surface 100 m and increased to relatively uniform values of 0.6μM y−1 below 500 m. Sediment methane concentration and oxidation rate distributions showed that shelf and slope sediments were methane sources, while deep basin sediments were methane sinks. These measurements were used to construct a methane budget for Black Sea waters. Microbially mediated anaerobic methane oxidation is the dominant water column methane sink, followed by evasion to the atmosphere, abyssal plain sediment consumption and outflow at the Bosporus. The source of methane appears to be anoxic, high deposition rate shelf and slope sediments. The water column oxidation rate measurements suggest a short (5–20 year) residence time for methane in the Black Sea, indicating a higher geochemical activity than previously believed. The quantity of carbon participating in the Black Sea methane cycle is equivalent to about 0.5% of the primary production.
Real-time rectilinear 3-D ultrasound using receive mode multiplexing

In previous work, we developed two generations of a real-time rectilinear volumetric scanner operating at 5 MHz for abdominal, breast, or vascular imaging using a Mills cross two-dimensional (2-D) array and a rectilinear periodic 2-D array. To improve spatial resolution performance and sensitivity, we developed a new design using 4:1 receive mode multiplexing. With 4:1 multiplexing, the new 65,000 element 2-D array has 4/spl times/256=1024 receivers so that 256 receivers can be used on any image line. The two major benefits of using receive mode multiplexing are an increase in receive sensitivity due to a greater number of receive elements, and a decrease in grating lobe and clutter levels due to increased receive element density. Theoretical simulations and analysis show an increase of about 13 dB in sensitivity compared to our previous work. With these encouraging results, a new 65,000 element 5-MHz, 2-D array having 1024 receivers and 169 transmitters was prototyped. In addition, the multiplexer and control circuitry were designed, built, and interfaced with both the transducer and volumetric scanner. Images of tissue-mimicking phantoms and in vivo targets were obtained. Using a spherical cyst phantom, experimental results showed a+12 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and a+6 dB improvement in contrast compared to our previous work.
Lung Abscess in Infants and Children

We retrospectively reviewed 18 cases of primary lung abscess and 10 cases of secondary lung abscess in infants and children during a 6-year period. Among 18 patients with primary abscesses, nine were boys and nine girls, from 9 months to 20 years old, but only two of 18 were less than 5 years old. Each had a solitary abscess. Location of abscesses included the right lower lobe (8), the right upper lobe (3), the left upper lobe (1), and the left lower lobe (6). One patient had Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteremia. Other bacterial isolates were from the upper respiratory tract and of uncertain significance. All patients recovered, although lobectomy was considered necessary in five patients because of failure to respond to intravenous antibiotic therapy. Secondary lung abscesses occurred in six boys and four girls who were from 2 1/2 months to 13 years old. All 10 had solitary, right-sided lesions, seven in the right lower lobe and three in the right upper lobe. Bacteria of unclear significance were recovered from three of 10 patients, while two had documented gram-negative bacteremia. Three secondary abscess patients underwent lobectomy because of perceived inadequate response to medical therapy, including intravenous antibiotics. Based upon the literature and our experience, therapy for pulmonary abscess should include a parenteral antibiotic with gram-positive activity against both penicillinase-producing Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobes for a minimum of 3 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Male Reproductive Toxicity of Trichloroethylene: Sperm Protein Oxidation and Decreased Fertilizing Ability

The objective of the present study was to characterize and investigate potential mechanisms for the male reproductive toxicity of trichloroethylene (TCE). Male rats exposed to TCE in drinking water exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the ability to fertilize oocytes from untreated females. This reduction in fertilizing ability occurred in the absence of treatment-related changes in combined testes/epididymides weight, sperm concentration, or sperm motility. In addition, flow cytometric analysis showed that there were no treatment-related differences in sperm mitochondrial membrane potential or acrosomal stability. TCE caused slight histological changes in efferent ductule epithelium, coinciding with the previously reported ductule localization of cytochrome P450 2E1. However, no alterations were noted in the testis or in any segment of the epididymis. Because there were no treatment-related changes to sperm indices and no clear pathological lesions to explain the reduced fertilization, the present study investigated TCE-mediated sperm oxidative damage. Oxidized proteins were detected by immunochemical techniques following the derivatization of sperm protein carbonyls with dinitrophenyl hydrazine. Immunochemical staining of whole, intact sperm showed the presence of halos of oxidized proteins around the head and midpiece of sperm from TCE-treated animals. The presence of oxidized sperm proteins was confirmed by Western blotting using in vitro-oxidized sperm as a positive control. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances analyses showed a dose-dependent increase in the level of lipid peroxidation in sperm from treated animals, as well. Oxidative damage to sperm may explain the diminished fertilizing capacity of exposed animals and provide another mechanism by which TCE can adversely affect reproductive capabilities in the male.
STUDY OF B± → DCPK± AND $B^\pm \to D^\ast_{CP}K^\pm$

We report a study of the modes B± → DK± and B± → D*K± where D(*) decays to CP eigenstates. The data sample used contains 274 million events collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. Measurements are made of and , the magnitudes of the CP asymmetries for DCPK and for .
Processo civilizador e colonização em Norbert Elias: uma Teoria Interpretativa através da Sociologia, da História e da Psicologia DOI 10.5216/o.v13i1.19011

The eliasian theory of civilizing process, which upholds that the structure of the civilized behavior is narrowly interrelated to the organization of occidental societies under the form of States, presents an original approach the study on the society and the human relation through a point-of-view that gathers the perspective of psychology, sociology and history. Nevertheless, there is an association between the civilizing process and the European colonization processes aforementioned by Elias in his intellectual course that normally attains little or sometimes none attention from those who study the subject. This article offers an exegesis that describes the main guidelines through which Norbert Elias build up his thought: the outlines of his sociology, the concept of civilization, the relation between psychic structure and State formation, and the diffusion of European civilizing process through colonization. The purpose is to deal with the construction of an interpretative model of social interaction that has potential to open new perspectives of historiographic approach for those who lean over on the colonial contexts generated by the European expansionism.
Hind limb myology of the ringtail (Bassariscus astutus) and the myology of hind foot reversal

The ringtail ( Bassariscus astutus ) is a widely distributed small carnivorous mammal (Procyonidae) in Mexico and the southwestern United States. As in other procyonids, the ringtail is capable of rotating its hind foot to allow headfirst descent of vertical substrates. The osteological correlates of this process, termed hind foot reversal, are well documented, but potential myological correlates have never been investigated. We present the 1st detailed study of the muscular anatomy of the hind limb of B. astutus , including the 1st muscle maps of the pelvis and pes of any procyonid. Comparison of the hind limb myology of the ringtail with other arctoid carnivorans, including taxa incapable of hind foot reversal, indicates that the muscles responsible for the action of reversal do not differ significantly between nonreversing forms and taxa capable of partial or full reversal. This suggests that specific myological adaptations are not necessary to achieve hind foot reversal. However, increased development of the digital flexors, which maintain a grip while body mass is supported by the hind limb, may characterize taxa that make use of reversed postures. The hind limb myology of members of Procyonidae does not strongly support either morphological or molecular hypotheses of relationship, in part because relatively few differences among members of the family can be documented.
Generating high coverage tests for SystemC designs using symbolic execution

SystemC is a system-level modeling language increasingly adopted by the semiconductor industry. Quality assurance for SystemC designs is important, since undetected errors may propagate to final silicon implementations and become very costly to fix. The errors, if not fixed, can cause major damage and even endanger lives. However, quality assurance for SystemC designs is very challenging due to their object-oriented nature, event-driven simulation semantics, and inherent concurrency. In this research, we have developed an approach to generating high coverage tests for SystemC designs using symbolic execution. We have applied this approach to a representative set of SystemC designs. The results show that our approach is able to generate tests that provide high code coverage of the designs with modest time and memory usage. Furthermore, the experiment on a RISC CPU design with more than 2K lines of SystemC code demonstrates that our approach scales to designs of practical sizes.
Phase Diagram of the System Ga2O3-Nd2O3 at High Temperatures

The liquidus and eutectic temperatures in the system Ga2O3-Nd2O3 were measured from the cooling curves by the specular reflection method with a heliostat-type solar furnace. Quenched specimens from the melt were examined by X-ray diffractometry and chemical analysis. Four types of binary compounds were found to exist; garnet-type 3 Nd2O3⋅5Ga2O3, perovskitetype NdGaO3, monoclinic 2Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3 and orthorhombic 3Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3. Except 3Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3, these binary compounds, showed no phase transition during repeated heating and cooling cycles. However, 3Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3 decomposed to Nd2O3 and 2Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3 at about 1500°C, which was detected with a high-temperature X-ray diffractometer. The lattice parameters of each compound are as follows; a0=12.504A for 3Nd2O3⋅5Ga2O3, a0=5.411A, b0=5.490A, c0=7.708A for NdGaO3, a0=7.739A, b0=10.899A, c0=11.562A, β=108.901 for 2Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3 and a0=11.537A, b0=5.573A, c0=9.182A for 3Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3. The solidification points of 3Nd2O3⋅5Ga2O3, NdGaO3 and 2Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3 are measured as 1640±20°C, 1670±20°C and 1704±20°C, respectively. The phase diagram shows eutectic points with the composition of 25, 45, 58 and 73mol% Nd2O3 at 1485°, 1600°, 1620° and 1650°C, respectively. Each cooling curve of Ga2O3, 3Nd2O3⋅5Ga2O3, NdGaO3 and 2Nd2O3⋅Ga2O3 showed an exothermic peak which was assigned to the solidification point, while Nd2O3 showed two exothermic peaks corresponding to solid state phase transition and solidification. A high temperature phase diagram of the system Ga2O3-Nd2O3 has been presented.
Cardiac auscultation 101: a basic science approach to heart murmurs

LEARNING OBJECTIVES• Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the heart• Understand the physics of blood flow and its relationship to the origin of murmurs• Describe the different steps in cardiac auscultation• Explain the different cardiac murmursApplying anatomy and physiology fundamentals to where a
Learning Disabilities in Neurofibromatosis Type 1

The frequency of specific leaning disabilities (SLD) in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) was determined in a cohort of 81 patients (43 males, 38 females; mean age 11 years 6 months; age range 8-16) followed at Children's Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Inverse Filter Design for Holographic Imaging Systems with Small Apertures

The inverse filtering for holographic image reconstruction is commonly performed by backward propagation methods-The backward propagation filter with infinite impulse response (IIR) is capable of producing good quality images. However, it is not practical due to the difficulties for numerical computation in realization and implementation. The finite impulse response (FIR) version is relatively simple for digital computation. But it often leads to non-uniform resolution so that serious degradation occurs when the target moves farther away from the center of the source region. In this paper, a generalized approach for optimal image reconstruction filter design is presented by combining the matched filter techniques with an optimization process. For finite aperture, finite source region holographic systems, the optimal has finite impulse response which is practical for digital computation. This filter gives images with uniform resolution over the source region. In addition, it can be used to determine the resolution limit of an imaging system based on the size and relative positioning of the source and receiving aperture.
Dietary Patterns During Pregnancy are Associated with Gestational Weight Gain.

Objective The role of diet during pregnancy on gestational weight gain is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that dietary patterns during pregnancy are differentially associated with the adequacy of gestational weight gain at different stages of pregnancy. Methods A total of 391 pregnant women in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006 were included. Dietary intake was obtained using a National Cancer Institute’s food-frequency questionnaire. Results Three dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis with 36 food groups among pregnant women, and they were named according to food group factor loadings: ‘mixed’, ‘healthy’, and ‘western’. The ‘mixed’ pattern characterized by a high intake of meat, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, nuts and seeds and sweets. After adjusting for maternal sociodemographic variables and physical activity level, women in the highest tertile of ‘mixed’ pattern score had significantly greater odds of being in the inadequate gestational weight gain compared to those in the lowest tertile (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.72; 95 % CI 1.07–20.94). Women in the mid tertile of the ‘mixed’ pattern had significantly lower odds of being in the excessive gestational weight gain compared to those in the lowest tertile (AOR 0.39; 95 % CI 0.15–0.99). Conclusion These results suggest that a diet high in meat, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, potatoes, and nuts and seeds during pregnancy might be associated with reducing excessive gestational weight gain.
Multiparameter Analysis of Off-Target Effects of Dasatinib on Bone Homeostasis in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia.

Abstract Background We assessed patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) for serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (PO 4 ), bone alkaline phosphatase, N-telopeptide (NTx), osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels, and trabecular bone area (TBA) in bone marrow (BM) specimens before and after treatment with dasatinib. We identified a significant increase in percentage of TBA in postdasatinib BM ( P = .022). This suggests that dasatinib therapy can increase TBA without significant changes in bone and mineral metabolism. Interferences with bone homeostasis and mineral metabolism have been described in patients receiving imatinib for CML or gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Dasatinib is a potent second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor designed to inhibit ABL and SRC kinases while also interfering with the c-Kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and STAT5 pathways. Patients and Methods We used a multiparameter approach to examine the off-target effects of dasatinib in 30 patients with CML treated between 2009 and 2012. We recorded serum Ca and PO 4 levels, analyzed markers of bone formation (bone alkaline phosphatase/bone-specific alkaline phosphatase [BAP]) and bone resorption (NTx), measured OPG levels, and digitally analyzed changes in TBA in paired BM biopsy specimens before and after treatment. We correlated all findings with each other and with the results of conventional cytogenetic and molecular analyses. Results We identified a significant increase in the percentage of TBA in postdasatinib BM biopsy specimens ( P = .022) and noted a decrease in serum OPG levels in 75% of patients. Ca, PO 4 , BAP, and NTx levels remained steady, without significant changes. There was no correlation between biomarker levels, percentage of TBA, and/or cytogenetic or molecular response. Conclusion These findings suggest that dasatinib therapy (within the therapeutic range) can increase trabecular bone, without causing significant changes in bone and mineral metabolism. Nonetheless, monitoring of bone health and skeletal integrity should be included into the long-term management of patients treated with dasatinib to further enhance our understanding of its safety profile and its potential role as a treatment modality for other bone diseases.
Inference and Checking of Object Immutability

Reference immutability guarantees that a reference is not used to modify the referenced object. It is well-understood and there are several scalable inference systems. Object immutability, a stronger immutability guarantee, guarantees that an object is not modified. Unfortunately, object immutability is not as well-understood; specifically, we are unaware of an inference system that infers object immutability across large Java programs and libraries.It is tempting to use reference immutability to reason about object immutability. However, representation exposure and object initialization pose significant challenges.In this paper we present a novel type system and a corresponding inference analysis. We leverage reference immutability to infer object immutability overcoming the challenges due to representation exposure and object initialization.We have implemented our object immutability system for Java. Evaluation on the standard Dacapo benchmarks demonstrates precision and scalability. Nearly 40% of all static objects are inferred immutable. Analysis completes in under 2 minutes on all benchmarks.
Atomic Layer Deposition of HfO2 Using Alkoxides as Precursors

We have used density functional theory to investigate the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of hafnium oxide (HfO2) thin films using metal alkoxides as both metal and oxygen precursors. In particular, ...
Gender Games: The Portrayal of Female Journalists on 'House of Cards'

This textual analysis focuses on the portrayal of female journalists in House of Cards. The uneven depictions of six female journalists could have a socializing effect on the audience. The researchers argue that the character Zoe Barnes is depicted as childlike, unprofessional, and unethical, while the character Ayla Sayyad is portrayed as a dedicated watchdog journalist. The researchers then explore the ethical implications of these portrayals through the lens of social responsibility theory.
Examining the relations among the DSM–5 alternative model of personality, the five-factor model, and externalizing and internalizing behavior.

Given long-standing criticisms of the DSM's reliance on categorical models of psychopathology, including the poor reliability and validity of personality-disorder diagnoses, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) published an alternative model (AM) of personality disorders in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; APA, 2013), which, in part, comprises 5 pathological trait domains based on the 5-factor model (FFM). However, the empirical profiles and discriminant validity of the AM traits remain in question. We recruited a sample of undergraduates (N = 340) for the current study to compare the relations found between a measure of the DSM-5 AM traits (i.e., the Personality Inventory for DSM-5; PID-5; Krueger, Derringer, Markon, Watson, & Skodol, 2012) and a measure of the FFM (i.e., the International Personality Item Pool; IPIP; Goldberg, 1999) in relation to externalizing and internalizing symptoms. In general, the domains from the 2 measures were significantly related and demonstrated similar patterns of relations with these criteria, such that Antagonism/low Agreeableness and Disinhibition/low Conscientiousness were related to externalizing behaviors, whereas Negative Affectivity/Neuroticism was most significantly related to internalizing symptoms. However, the PID-5 demonstrated large interrelations among its domains and poorer discriminant validity than the IPIP. These results provide additional support that the conception of the trait model included in the DSM-5 AM is an extension of the FFM, but highlight some of the issues that arise due to the PID-5's more limited discriminant validity. (PsycINFO Database Record
Methodology for Characterization of Common-Mode Conducted Electromagnetic Emissions in Wide-Bandgap Converters for Ungrounded Shipboard Applications

This paper describes the development of a dedicated electromagnetic interference (EMI) characterization platform for the evaluation of wide bandgap-based converters in ungrounded architectures of the type likely to be employed on the future shipboard systems. This platform is designed to support the characterization of wide-bandgap-based converters operating at switching frequencies of hundreds of kilohertz; with power levels up to 100 kVA and with expected emissions up to 100 MHz. To illustrate the capabilities of this platform, the conducted emissions of a SiC-based half-bridge converter are evaluated (with a focus on common-mode (CM) behavior), and a parametric study is conducted which considers variations in the impedance between the half-bridge module base plate and a representative grounding structure. The focus of this work is not only the half-bridge converter which serves as the preliminary test subject, but also rather the custom metrological setup used for characterization, which is designed to discover sensitivities to resonant paths so that the design guidelines for peripheral structures and EMI mitigating components can be developed in the future studies. One major contribution of this work is the discovery that the symmetry of the parasitic capacitances within the converter’s multichip power module is an important factor which significantly influences the CM conducted emissions of the half-bridge structure, which serves as a building block for more complex converter topologies.
Safety of ABAC\(_\alpha \) Is Decidable

The \(\mathrm {ABAC_\alpha }\) model was recently defined with the motivation to demonstrate a minimal set of capabilities for attribute-based access control (ABAC) which can configure typical forms of the three dominant traditional access control models: discretionary access control (DAC), mandatory access control (MAC) and role-based access control (RBAC). \(\mathrm {ABAC_\alpha }\) showed that attributes can express identities (for DAC), security labels (for MAC) and roles (for RBAC). Safety analysis is a fundamental problem for any access control model. Recently, it has been shown that the pre-authorization usage control model with finite attribute domains (\(\mathrm {UCON_{preA}^{finite}}\)) has decidable safety. \(\mathrm {ABAC_\alpha }\) is a pre-authorization model and requires finite attribute domains, but is otherwise quite different from \(\mathrm {UCON_{preA}^{finite}}\). This paper gives a state-matching reduction from \(\mathrm {ABAC_\alpha }\) to \(\mathrm {UCON_{preA}^{finite}}\). The notion of state-matching reductions was defined by Tripunitara and Li, as reductions that preserve security properties including safety. It follows that safety of \(\mathrm {ABAC_\alpha }\) is decidable.
Henry James, French Feminist: Marguerite Duras’s La Bête dans la jungle

Marguerite Duras’s untranslated 1962 theatrical adaptation of Henry James’s "The Beast in the Jungle" (1903) focuses on May Bartram, the female character. The play elaborates on James’s examinations of gender-specific relationships to language and space, presenting the original story as an example of l’ecriture feminine. La Bete dans la jungle offers a particular feminist approach to James’s story that has remained largely unexamined in English language scholarship. Duras's reading of “The Beast in the Jungle” is inextricable from her personal, political, and cultural surroundings: she offers readers of James a fully-realized French feminist analysis of his possible engagements with sexual difference in language, largely expressed through music, set design, lighting, and visual art.
Propeller Force-Constant Modeling for Multirotor UAVs from Experimental Estimation of Inflow Velocity

Design and simulation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) highly depends on the thrust produced by a motor-propeller combination. The aim of this paper is to model a generalized mathematical relationship between the motor RPM and the corresponding thrust generated for the preliminary design process of low Reynold’s number applications. A method is developed to determine a generalized mathematical model which relates inflow velocity to coefficient of thrust using experimental data from 291 motor-propeller data points, comprising of input RPM and corresponding output thrust. Using this relationship, the Force Constant is calculated, which defines each Thrust-RPM mathematical model. In the first part, expression of the inflow ratio obtained from Blade Element and Momentum Theory (BEMT) is approximated to a simplified form. In the later part, the proposed mathematical model is validated against two new sets of pairs of motor-propeller combinations. A special note in the Appendix talks about the application of this mathematical model. The computed results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
Type-2 diabetic aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 mutant mice (ALDH 2*2) exhibiting heart failure with preserved ejection fraction phenotype can be determined by exercise stress echocardiography

E487K point mutation of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) 2 (ALDH2*2) in East Asians intrinsically lowers ALDH2 activity. ALDH2*2 is associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetic patients exhibit heart failure of preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) i.e. while the systolic heart function is preserved in them, they may exhibit diastolic dysfunction, implying a jeopardized myocardial health. Currently, it is challenging to detect cardiac functional deterioration in diabetic mice. Stress echocardiography (echo) in the clinical set-up is a procedure used to measure cardiac reserve and impaired cardiac function in coronary artery diseases. Therefore, we hypothesized that high-fat diet fed type-2 diabetic ALDH2*2 mutant mice exhibit HFpEF which can be measured by cardiac echo stress test methodology. We induced type-2 diabetes in 12-week-old male C57BL/6 and ALDH2*2 mice through a high-fat diet. At the end of 4 months of DM induction, we measured the cardiac function in diabetic and control mice of C57BL/6 and ALDH2*2 genotypes by conscious echo. Subsequently, we imposed exercise stress by allowing the mice to run on the treadmill until exhaustion. Post-stress, we measured their cardiac function again. Only after treadmill running, but not at rest, we found a significant decrease in % fractional shortening and % ejection fraction in ALDH2*2 mice with diabetes compared to C57BL/6 diabetic mice as well as non-diabetic (control) ALDH2*2 mice. The diabetic ALDH2*2 mice also exhibited poor maximal running speed and distance. Our data suggest that high-fat fed diabetic ALDH2*2 mice exhibit HFpEF and treadmill exercise stress echo test is able to determine this HFpEF in the diabetic ALDH2*2 mice.
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus in dogs: a comprehensive review

Since the first description of discoid lupus erythematosus (LE) in two dogs in 1979, the spectrum of canine cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) variants has expanded markedly. In this review, we first propose an adaptation of the Gilliam-Sontheimer classification of CLE for dogs. We then review the signalment, clinical signs, laboratory and histopathology and treatment outcome of the currently recognized variants of canine CLE, which are vesicular CLE, exfoliative CLE, mucocutaneous LE and facial or generalized discoid LE. We end with a short description of the rare cutaneous manifestations of systemic LE in dogs. Canine CLE variants are heterogeneous, some of them mirror their human counterparts while others appear—thus far—unique to the dog. As most CLE subtypes seem to have a good prognosis after diagnosis, veterinarians are encouraged to become familiar with the spectrum of often-characteristic and unique clinical signs that would permit an early diagnosis and the rapid implementation of an effective treatment.
Returning to school: Parent preferences, perceptions, and preparedness.

72Background: Neurocognitive late-effects (LE) are among the most pervasive complications of childhood cancer and can impact academic success. Successful transition back to school can be challengin...
Epinephrine induces platelet fibrinogen receptor expression, fibrinogen binding, and aggregation in whole blood in the absence of other excitatory agonists.

The exposure of fibrinogen receptors is an early event in agonist-induced platelet activation. Previous measurements of fibrinogen binding or aggregation in platelet-rich plasma or washed platelets have failed to define whether the initial response to epinephrine results solely from a direct effect of this agonist. To address this problem, we have measured fibrinogen receptor exposure on platelets in whole blood by using flow cytometry and a fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled monoclonal antibody specific for the activated fibrinogen receptor (FITC-PAC1). We also measured platelet-bound fibrinogen with an antifibrinogen monoclonal antibody (FITC-9F9) as well as platelet aggregation in whole blood. In blood anticoagulated with citrate and in the presence of a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, epinephrine (0.1 to 100 mumol/L) caused significant FITC-PAC1 binding (P less than .001) that was maximal at 10 mumol/L epinephrine. The maximal epinephrine response was one third of that observed with 10 mumol/L adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and was eliminated by yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist. Incubation of the blood with apyrase or phosphoenolpyruvate plus pyruvate kinase to remove extracellular ADP resulted in a 40% to 50% reduction in the epinephrine response. Despite this, FITC-PAC1 binding was still significant at epinephrine greater than or equal to 1 mumol/L (P less than .05). No reduction in epinephrine-induced FITC-PAC1 binding was observed in the presence of ATP alpha S, an ADP receptor antagonist; cinanserin, a serotonin antagonist; or WEB-2086, a platelet activating factor antagonist. Furthermore, addition of the thrombin inhibitors hirudin or leupeptin to citrated blood had no effect on the extent of the epinephrine response. Blood anticoagulated with hirudin also demonstrated an epinephrine response, even in the presence of apyrase. Similar results were obtained when FITC-9F9 was used to detect fibrinogen binding or when aggregation was assessed by a decrease in the number of single platelets. We conclude that epinephrine itself can induce fibrinogen receptor exposure, fibrinogen binding, and aggregation. This primary response is independent of synergistic interaction of epinephrine with traces of ADP, serotonin, platelet activating factor, or thrombin. However, such synergistic interaction with ADP present in whole blood may enhance the responses induced by epinephrine.
Marek's disease virus oncogenicity: Molecular mechanisms

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the oncogenicity of Marek's disease virus (MDV). It provides an overview of the roles of MDV genes that are potentially associated with latency/transformation. The onset of MDV-induced tumors is very rapid. The ability to induce rapid-onset tumors resembling those caused by some of the acutely transforming retroviruses suggests the direct involvement of virus-encoded transforming gene(s) in oncogenesis. Biochemical and genetic studies carried out in recent years suggest that Meq is the principal oncogene of MDV. Meq is a versatile protein that binds DNA, RNA, and a variety of other proteins. It also plays a potential role in the virulence replication and latency of MDV. Various investigations aimed at unravelling the oncogenic determinants of MDV have led to the identification of a number of other genes that have potential roles in the pathogenesis of MDV. Some of these MDV genes with a potential role in Marek's disease pathogenicity include the BamH1–H family of transcripts, the pp38/pp24 group of cytoplasmic phosphoproteins, the MDV-encoded CXC chemokine (vIL-8), the MDV-encoded telomerase RNA (vTR) subunit, and the MDV ICP4 homologue-related transcripts. The application of rapid, targeted, or random mutagenesis techniques enables rapid delineation of the molecular mechanisms and determinants for MDV-induced oncogenesis.
Effect of up to 3 years of high-dose lansoprazole on Barrett's esophagus.

Objective Barrett's esophagus is a metaplastic condition resulting from gastroesophageal reflux disease. Previous medical and surgical therapies have failed to predictably eradicate Barrett's. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of long-term, high-dose lansoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, on Barrett's esophagus. Methods Patients with Barrett's esophagus at least 3 cm long and with specialized columnar epithelium were treated with 60 mg of lansoprazole each morning. Every 6 months, patients had standardized symptomatic, laboratory, and endoscopic assessment. The length of Barrett's esophagus was measured, photo-documented, and biopsied. Results Twenty-seven patients with Barrett's esophagus have been treated an average of 2.9 yr. Symptoms improved (70%, 19 patients), and erosive esophagitis healed (100%, 13 patients), but there was no significant reduction in the length of Barrett's epithelium (mean length at baseline 5.7 cm, final visit 5.3 cm). However, by the final visit, 20 of 26 patients (77%) had squamous islands: two unchanged in size, six with increased surface area, and 12 newly developed on therapy. Initially, mean fasting gastrin levels rose significantly but then plateaued after 1 month of therapy. Of 10 patients with gastrin levels for 18 months or longer, only one had a level > or = 400 pg/ml. Conclusions Lansoprazole 60 mg for up to 3 yr was safe and effective in controlling symptoms and esophagitis. The impact on the extent of Barrett's esophagus over this time interval was manifested by the extension and development of squamous islands.
Negotiating Cultural Conflicts Over Sacred Values

Most current approaches to negotiation of resource and political conflicts assume that parties to these conflicts are rational actors that weigh the costs and benefits of their choices, treat values as though they are fungible, and then act in a way that maximizes their benefits. However, recent research suggests that this is not the case. In other words, people do not treat all values as amenable to tradeoffs, but rather they distinguish between material values having to do with resource pricing and markets and sacred values that reside in the moral realm. Moreover, people seem to apply different reasoning to sacred vs. material values. Even more crucially, what is considered sacred and what is considered material varies among cultures. In this chapter we discuss research by us and others into the nature of sacred values in real world conflicts and the implications of the findings for ongoing political conflicts.
Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in the Pediatric Population

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), defined as the functionally significant impairment of urinary transport from the renal pelvis to the proximal ureter, is the most common cause of hydronephrosis in newborns and young children. Left untreated, this condition may cause progressive dilation of the renal collecting system, with deterioration of renal function and loss of renal unit. UPJO has a diverse presentation, as it may be a primary congenital abnormality diagnosed prenatally, or secondarily acquired, and not apparent until late adolescence or adulthood. This chapter will focus on primary UPJO with review of the current methods of diagnosis and treatment options, as well as the authors’ approach to managing this condition.
Holistic Injury Prevention

Some readers will immediately recognize the relevance of a chapter on childhood injury prevention to the field of child abuse and neglect, whereas others will be surprised at its inclusion in such a book. One of the goals of this chapter, therefore, is to make all interested readers aware of the important connections between these two fields, and to convince researchers that each area has much to contribute to the other. The leading killer of children in this nation is trauma. Children experience physical trauma in a variety of ways, most of which are related to how our nation, states, communities, and families protect children and to what we believe about protecting children. This chapter argues that because of common etiological factors, difficulty in actively distinguishing among types of trauma, and similarity in effective interventions, efforts to unite these research endeavors can strengthen both areas and serve to more adequately protect children in the future from injury, the foremost threat to their health and welfare.
Primary Care at the Worksite: Policy Issues

1. Primary care delivery at the worksite is a feasible reality. It is most feasible, however, for those large employers already assuming financial responsibility for providing employee health care benefits. 2. Ethical and legal questions arise with the delivery of worksite primary care services: how best to safeguard personal health information; and how best to manage the potential malpractice liability risks in a client-provider relationship at the worksite. 3. Primary care at the worksite requires primary care providers (a nurse practitioner and/or a physician) with generalist preparation in adult or family practice, in addition to specialty expertise in occupational health and safety. 4. Occupational health and safety must be a priority at all times, with the key goal to prevent work related injury and illness through engineering, administrative, and personal protective controls.
Computation of Squares in a String (Preliminary Version)

We design a linear time algorithm for computing a square substring from each position of a given string over a finite alphabet. The algorithm exploits several subtle properties of suffix trees for strings.
Customers Input via Social Media for New Service Development

The objective of this research is to investigate the use of social media for customer interaction for developing new services. To collect data we adopted a multi-phase research approach used in several recent ethnographic studies. The findings suggest that a firm must use social media to interact with the customers while developing new services. Other traditional methods of customer interaction also play a key role in developing a successful new service. The article has implications for the financial service firms interested in marketing new services in the United States and other developed countries.
Surgeon Re-Excision Rates after Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Measure of Low-Value Care.

Background To better understand re-excision practice patterns after breast-conserving therapy (BCT), we evaluated variation in surgeon-specific re-excision rates and associated factors. Study Design We performed a retrospective analysis using Medicare claims from 2012 to 2018 to identify patients undergoing BCT and subsequent breast resection procedures within 12 months. We compared rates before and after the 2014 "no tumor on ink" consensus guideline. A hierarchical logistic regression model was also used to evaluate patient and physician characteristics associated with re-excision. Results We identified 291,065 female Medicare beneficiaries who underwent an initial BCT procedure, of which 19.0% had a re-excision. The overall re-excision rate was 22.1% in the pre-guideline period and 17.2% in the post-guideline period. For the 5,337 physicians that performed more than 10 initial BCT procedures during the study period, their physician-level re-excision rate ranged from 0% to 91.7% (median 18.2%). In total, 17.5% of the physicians had a re-excision rate greater than the expert consensus cutoff of 30%. The percentage of outlier physicians decreased from 22.2% in 2012 to 8.8% in 2017. High surgeon volume of BCT was associated with a lower re-excision odds (≥51 cases vs ≤20 cases: adjusted odds ratio 0.78; 95% CI 0.74 to 0.82; 21 to 50 cases vs ≤20 cases: adjusted odds ratio 0.92; 95% CI 0.88 to 0.96). Patient factors associated with decreased odds of re-excision were age older than 75 years and Northeast region of the US (adjusted odds ratio 0.93; 95% CI 0.89 to 0.98). Conclusions Marked variation exists in surgeon re-excision rates among patients undergoing BCT, which might represent unnecessary operations for patients and a financial burden to the healthcare system. Formalizing a re-excision frequency metric could have implications for quality improvement and data-driven surgeon feedback aimed at reducing unwarranted variation.