cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Personalized or bureaucratized justice in legal services: Resolving sociological ambivalence in the delivery of legal aid for the poor

This paper examines and tests some of the claims about the professional autonomy of attorneys working in a “bureaucratic” environment. Following an analysis of the concept of professionalism across various types of attorney practices, data are offered to explore how attorneys who provide legal services for the poor resolve the potential conflict between bureaucratic demands and personal or professional autonomy. The data, which consist of attorney time sheets covering some 2284 separate legal tasks as well as in-depth personal interviews with 23 attorneys, reveal some difference between actual practice routines and perceived personal autonomy. Implications of this for the delivery of legal service are discussed. The paper concludes that although the conflicting demands of legal services practice might lead to “sociological ambivalence,” as long as the attorneys do not perceive themselves as bureaucratic service deliverers but as autonomous professionals, there is little manifest ambivalence. Developing an adaptive strategy to avoid sociological ambivalence, attorneys see themselves as individual service providers, “personalizing” the justice they deliver.
Breast cavity spacer delivery for stereotactic percutaneous lumpectomy

Sterotactic percutaneous lumpectomy is becoming an effective means of diagnosing and excising a small breast cancer. Radiation to the biopsy cavity by a brachytherapy balloon is an effective and minimally invasive method used to prevent recurrence of the cancer. Following percutaneous lumpectomy an elliptical shaped cavity is left in the breast. There is a period of up to four days prior to initiation of Brachytherapy while the tissue sample is undergoing pathology testing. If a small cancer is present and excised with clear margins Brachytherapy can be initiated. Currently there are no devices used to keep the cavity and track open between the time of percutaneous lumpectomy and the start of radiation therapy. Typically three invasive procedures are required, first the breast biopsy, second excision of the cancer and third balloon placement for future radiation treatments. The purpose of this project is to design a temporary cavity spacer and insertion method following percutaneous lumpectomy, allowing all three aspects of the procedure to be completed at the time of initial biopsy.
Microstructurally Motivated Constitutive Models for Mouse Arteries

Vascular remodeling occurs as cells sense changes in their mechanical environment. Thus, quantifying the cells’ local environment in terms of stress and strain distributions is an important aspect in studies of vascular remodeling. Knowledge of the constitutive behavior of vessel will allow the local stresses and strains to be calculated given applied loads and geometry. The goal of this study is to determine material parameters for several constitutive models by fitting biaxial testing data from mouse carotid arteries cultured under different axial loading conditions [1].Copyright © 2009 by ASME
Effects of atom density distributions and concentration fluctuations in flame atomic absorption spectrometry

The dependence of flame atomic absorption measurements on spatial and temporal experimental parameters is investigated through a theoretical model. The model includes geometrical aspects of the optical system and the spatial distribution of the absorbing atoms. Expressions are developed to describe the absorbance for various versions of the model. Analytical working curves are generated by using these expressions, thus illustrating the significance of the various experimental parameters. The results of this study suggest a new burner design which should yield improved performance over conventional slot-type burners. In addition, the effect of analyte flicker noise on working curve linearity in absorption experiments is investigated. 7 figures.
Synthesis and characterization of crystalline phosphates of plutonium(III) and plutonium(IV)

Abstract The formation of both PuPO4 and PuP2O7 from reactions of PuO2 with (NH4)2HPO4 or BPO4 was studied by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The oxidation of plutonium(III), in PuPO4, to plutonium(IV), in PuP2O7, by air in the presence of BPO4 and the thermal reduction of PuP2O7 to PuPO4 were demonstrated. In addition plutonium(III) trimetaphosphate Pu(PO3)3 was synthesized and characterized. Attempts to prepare plutonium(IV) orthophosphate, Pu3(PO4)4, by high temperature reactions were unsuccessful; instead, mixtures of PuP2O7 and a new phase identified tentatively as “(PuO)2P2O7” were obtained.
The Metabolic Syndrome in East Asians

The metabolic syndrome is an emerging epidemic in developing nations, including East Asian countries such as China, Japan, and Korea. Studies examining the metabolic syndrome have used different definitions, with prevalence often highly dependent on the cut points for abdominal obesity utilized, which have been recommended by the International Diabetes Federation to be lower than standards used in Caucasians and other ethnic groups. Prevalence rates have generally varied from 8% to 13% in men and 2% to 18% in women, depending on ethnic group and definition used, and are consistently lower than most Western Caucasian populations. While recent dramatic changes in lifestyle from Westernization of dietary habits and reduced physical activity present challenges, an emphasis on healthful lifestyle changes remains the cornerstone for metabolic syndrome management. In addition, clinical management focusing on control of obesity, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia, with consideration of pharmacologic therapy issues unique to certain Asian populations, remains important for reducing associated cardiometabolic risks.
Bayes and empirical bayes estimation of the probability that z > x + y

Let X, Y and Z be independent random variables with common unknown distribution F. Using the Dirichlet process prior for F and squared erro loss function, the Bayes and empirical Bayes estimators of the parameters λ(F). the probability that Z > X + Y, are derived. The limiting Bayes estimator of λ(F) under some conditions on the parameter of the process is shown to be asymptotically normal. The aysmptotic optimality of the empirical Bayes estimator of λ(F) is established. When X, Y and Z have support on the positive real line, these results are derived for randomly right censored data. This problem relates to testing whether than used discussed by Hollander and Proshcan (1972) and Chen, Hollander and Langberg (1983).
A Cost/Benefit Estimating Service for Mapping Parallel Applications on Heterogeneous Clusters

Matching the resource requirements of a parallel application to the available resources of a large, heterogeneous cluster is a key requirement in effectively scheduling the application tasks on the nodes of the cluster. This paper describes the cost/benefit estimating service (CBES), a runtime scheduling system targeted at finding highly effective schedules (or mappings) of tasks on nodes. CBES relies on its own infrastructure to gather and maintain static and dynamic information profiles for the computing system and the applications of interest. At the core of CBES is a mapping evaluation module which evaluates candidate application mappings on the basis of shortest execution times. By default, CBES uses a simulated-annealing based scheduler to select mappings. The paper presents the design, initial implementation, and test results of CBES on the Centurion cluster at the University of Virginia and the Orange Grove cluster at Syracuse University. These tests demonstrated that the exploitation of internode communication speed differences due to network heterogeneity can yield speedups of over 10% between same architecture nodes. The maximum observed speedup across architectures for the best vs. worst mapping scenarios of the same application was over 36%, while the corresponding average case speedup was approximately 30%
The impact of receiving an HIV diagnosis and cognitive processing on psychological distress and posttraumatic growth

This study examined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a traumatic stressor, intrusive and deliberate cognitive processing, psychological distress, and posttraumatic growth. One-hundred twelve participants completed interviews on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Criterion A, Rumination Scale-Revised, Impact of Event Scale, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory; relationships were modeled using path analysis. Model 1 attempted to replicate prior empirical research, Model 2 attempted to empirically replicate part of the posttraumatic growth theoretical model, and Model 3 attempted to empirically replicate an integrated model of posttraumatic growth and traumatic stress theories. Model 3 had good fit with study data. Results suggest shared and separate pathways from traumatic stressor to psychological distress and posttraumatic growth, with pathways mediated by cognitive processing. Implications of findings are discussed.
DETERMINATION OF THE MINIMUM AGITATION SPEED TO ATTAIN THE JUST DISPERSED STATE IN SOLID·LIQUID AND LIQUID·LIQUID REACTORS PROVIDED WITH MULTIPLE IMPELLERS

Abstract The determination of the minimum agitation conditions to achieve the just suspended state of the solid particles or the just dispersed state of an immiscible liquid in a mechanically agitated liquid in tank reactors is a problem of considerable industrial importance. Previous investigations on this subject have been limited to single-impeller systems only. In the present work the role of multiple impeller agitation systems on the achievement of the complete suspension of dispersion state was investigated both solid-liquid and liquid-liquid systems. The effects of a number of variables such as impeller type and position, clearance of the bottom impeller off the reactor bottom, distance between the impellers and other geometric and parameters were studied. The results indicate that, contrary to intuition, the presence of multiple impellers may not necessarily be beneficial to the achievement of the just dispersed state. In particular, it appears that if the flow pattern of the additional impellers contrasts with the flow pattern which would be established by a single impeller, then the just dispersed state may be achieved at agitation speed higher for the multiple impeller system than for the single impeller case. Even in the majority of cases in which the agitation speed actually decreases with the number of impeller on the shaft, it appears that the power required to achieved the just dispersed state is higher when multiple impellers are used.
Quantification of an ongoing community-based medication take-back program

Abstract Objective To develop a medication take-back program to evaluate current medication disposal practices and to quantify medication waste. Methods Seven medication take-back days have been held in a local community. The University of Findlay College of Pharmacy, local law enforcement, and municipal officials have collaborated to develop and sustain the events. All medications returned were quantified by documenting the drug name, dose, quantity, type, source, and estimated cost. Additionally, a participant survey was administered to determine demographics, prior disposal habits, and reason for disposal. Results A total of 786,882 dosing units estimated to be worth $1,118,020 were collected. Participant surveys (n = 818) suggest common reasons for disposal were expired (50%) or discontinued (40%) medications. The average community pharmacy prescription contained 35 dosing units worth approximately $68, and the average mail-service prescription contained 95 dosing units worth approximately $205. Antihypertensive agents, gastrointestinal agents, and analgesics were the most common therapeutic categories returned. Conclusion Ongoing, collaborative medication take-back events are an effective method of removing unused medications from the community. Although the majority of medications collected were originally dispensed in community pharmacies, the average unused prescription from mail-service sources contained almost three times as many dosage units. These data suggest that the larger quantities more typically dispensed by mail-service pharmacies may contribute considerably to the problems associated with surplus medications. Further studies are needed to investigate this association.
RISK OF RECURRENCE OF SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, AS A FUNCTION OF AGE AND PRESENCE OF WOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITE SYNDROME. 146

RISK OF RECURRENCE OF SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA, AS A FUNCTION OF AGE AND PRESENCE OF WOLFF-PARKINSON-WHITE SYNDROME. 146
Process systems opportunities in power generation, storage and distribution

Abstract This paper presents an overview of the current process systems opportunities in power generation, storage and distribution. It puts in perspective how process systems engineering (PSE) has contributed to the area and explores the current technical problems that PSE can contribute to. Fuel cells, solar cells, wind turbines, flow batteries and rechargeable batteries as well as their interactions with the smart grid are considered. PSE has contributed and will contribute to the design as well as optimal integration and operation of power generators, storage systems and power grids, through mathematical modeling, control and optimization.
Molecular investigation of the viral kinetics of equine herpesvirus-1 in blood and nasal secretions of horses after corticosteroid-induced recrudescence of latent infection.

Background: Recrudescence of latent equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) with subsequent viral shedding via nasal secretions is a potential source of infection for susceptible horses and has been implicated in outbreaks occurring in closed populations. Objectives: To describe the viral kinetics of reactivated EHV-1 in blood and nasal secretions from latently infected horses after administration of corticosteroids, and to study the infectious nature of reactivated EHV-1 to sentinel horses. Animals: Eight healthy horses. Methods: Four horses infected 4 months previously with EHV-1 received dexamethasone on 5 consecutive days. Four seronegative horses served as sentinels and had direct contact with the latently infected horses. All horses were monitored daily for development of clinical signs. Whole blood and nasal secretions were collected daily for molecular detection and cell culture of EHV-1. Serum was collected weekly for the detection of antibodies against EHV-1. Results: All horses in the latently infected group showed transient molecular detection of EHV-1 in blood and nasal secretions, but only 1 horse developed fever. Three latently infected horses developed an increase in antibody concentrations against EHV-l. Viral cultures remained negative for all latently infected horses after corticosteroid administration. None of the sentinel horses developed clinical signs, viremia, viral shedding, or seroconversion. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: EHV-1 was successfully reactivated after corticosteroid administration in latently infected horses. However, transmission of reactivated virus to sentinel horses was unsuccessful. Failure to effectively transmit EHV-1 to susceptible horses may have resulted from the low level and short period of viral shedding in latently infected horses.
Three‐dimensional finite element calculations in acoustic scattering using arbitrarily shaped convex artificial boundaries

We report on a generalization of the Bayliss–Gunzburger–Turkel non-reflecting boundary conditions to arbitrarily shaped convex artificial boundaries. For elongated scatterers such as submarines, we show that this generalization can improve significantly the computational efficiency of finite element methods applied to the solution of three-dimensional acoustic scattering problems. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of interdecadal climate variability on the oceanic ecosystems of the NE Pacific

ABSTRACTA major reorganization of the North-east Paciﬁc biotatranspired following a climatic ‘regime shift’ in the mid1970s. In this paper, we characterize the effects ofinterdecadal climate forcing on the oceanic ecosys-tems of the NE Paciﬁc Ocean. We consider the con-cept of scale in terms of both time and space withinthe North Paciﬁc ecosystem and develop a conceptualmodel to illustrate how climate variability is linked toecosystem change. Next we describe a number of re-cent studies relating climate to marine ecosystem dy-namics in the NE Paciﬁc Ocean. These studies havefocused on most major components of marine ecosys-tems – primary and secondary producers, forage spe-cies, and several levels of predators. They have beenundertaken at different time and space scales. How-ever, taken together, they reveal a more coherentpicture of how decadal-scale climate forcing may affectthe large oceanic ecosystems of the NE Paciﬁc. Finally,we synthesize the insight gained from interpretingthese studies. Several general conclusions can bedrawn.1 There are large-scale, low-frequency, and some-times very rapid changes in the distribution of atmo-spheric pressure over the North Paciﬁc which are, inturn, reﬂected in ocean properties and circulation.2 Oceanic ecosystems respond on similar time andspace scales to variations in physical conditions.3 Linkages between the atmosphere/ocean physicsand biological responses are often different across timeand space scales.4 While the cases presented here demonstrateoceanic ecosystem response to climate forcing, theyprovide only hints of the mechanisms of interaction.5 A model whereby ecosystem response to speciﬁedclimate variation can be successfully predicted will bedifﬁcult to achieve because of scale mismatches andnonlinearities in the atmosphere–ocean–biospheresystem.INTRODUCTIONIn this paper, we characterize the effects of interde-cadal climate forcing on the oceanic ecosystems of theNE Paciﬁc Ocean. Our approach is ﬁrst to reﬂect on anumber of recent studies relating climate to marineecosystem dynamics. These studies have focused onmost major components of marine ecosystems – pri-mary and secondary producers; primary, secondary andtop-level predators. They have been undertaken atdifferent time and space scales. However, taken to-gether they begin to reveal a more coherent picture ofhow decadal-scale climate forcing may affect the largeoceanic ecosystems of the NE Paciﬁc. We then syn-thesize the insight gained from these studies with whatwe know about atmospheric and oceanic physics andhow they affect these marine ecosystems.Of particular importance to this paper is the con-cept of scale. Ricklefs (1990) deﬁnes scale as thecharacteristic distance or time associated with varia-tion in natural systems. He goes on to make threeimportant points about why the concept of scale is soimportant to developing an understanding of ecosys-tem structure and dynamics.Every process and pattern has a temporal andspatial extent.
Osteoclastoma-like giant cell tumor of the liver

A rare, osteoclastoma-like giant cell tumor developed in the macronodular cirrhotic liver of an 87-year-old man. Histogenetically, the tumor was considered to be of reticuloendothelial cell (Kupffer cell) origin. A brief review of the literature concerning the extraosseous giant cell tumors is included in this report.
A ferroelectric-based impedance tuner for adaptive matching applications

A general purpose impedance tuner is proposed for adaptive matching applications to compensate the impedance variations of devices such as antennas or power amplifiers. The impedance tuner, composed of a phase shifter and a variable transformer, is designed based on all-pass networks. Thin-film barium-strontium titanate (BST) parallel-plate capacitors fabricated on sapphire are used as the tuning elements. The impedance tuner is completed by mounting chip inductors and blocking capacitors on the same substrate. On-wafer measurement results show that, at 1.8 GHz, impedance transformation ratio of 4 can be achieved and the dissipation loss for all biasing voltages (0 to 18 V) is less than 5.5 dB.
Zeitgeist? The new idealism in the study of international change

Why do the underlying dynamics of international systems undergo fundamental transformation? What processes operate in international-political change? Answers to these questions generally fall into ...
The healing environment in our communities and healthcare settings: research excellence into practice.

As doctors, we know intuitively that having to live in depressing, dirty surroundings, with little fresh air or greenery may make people depressed or ill. But when funds are limited and staff are struggling to provide a good clinical service, considering the impact of the healthcare setting on patients is a low priority. According to Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist, each of us is motivated by a hierarchy of needs, with the need to satisfy our most basic biological and physical needs ‐ food, water, sleep, etc ‐ taking precedence over our higher needs. 1 So patients and staff alike may have little interest in the colour of the paint or the pictures on the walls if medical equipment or medicines are in short supply. However, because of the government’s Private Finance Initiative, over 40 new hospitals are in the planning stages or being built in the UK, giving us a golden opportunity to look at these issues and incorporate our understanding into the design of the new buildings. The first healing environment conference, ‘The healing environment, without and within’, was followed by a book of that name published by the RCP two years later. 2 That first conference examined the ways in which the arts and humanities can affect health and well-being, and explored the links between the social environment, built environment and health. With an audience of researchers and practitioners from medicine, health and social care, urban planning, architecture, estates management, sociology, epidemiology and public health, the conference explicitly recognised the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, and offered a rare opportunity for an exchange of ideas across disciplines, creating a forum for participants to consider how to translate research excellence into practice.
Identification of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase c-Met and Its Ligand, Hepatocyte Growth Factor, as Therapeutic Targets in Clear Cell Sarcoma

Clear cell sarcoma (CCS), a childhood tumor of the tendons and aponeuroses, is uniformly fatal once it has metastasized because of its profound therapeutic resistance. CCS is characterized by production of a chimeric transcription factor, EWS-ATF1, which is formed as the result of a disease-specific chromosomal translocation. EWS-ATF1 activates the melanocyte transcription factor MITF, which in turn activates transcription of c-Met, an oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase recently shown to be activated in CCS. Based on this connection, we hypothesized that c-Met inhibition may offer a strategy to treat CCS, as an indirect tactic to defeat a transforming pathway downstream of EWS-ATF1. Here, we show that primary CCS and CCS-derived cell lines express c-Met, which is activated in an autocrine fashion by its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/scatter factor in some CCS cell lines. c-Met expression is critical for CCS invasion, chemotaxis, and survival. Blocking c-Met activity with a small-molecule inhibitor (SU11274) or a neutralizing antibody to its ligand HGF (AMG 102) significantly reduced CCS cell growth in culture. Similarly, AMG 102 significantly suppressed in vivo tumor growth in an autocrine xenograft model of CCS. Collectively, these findings suggest the HGF:c-Met signaling axis as a candidate therapeutic target to improve clinical management of CCS.
Mate Selection Among Married and Cohabiting Couples

This article examines comparative patterns of educational and racial assortative mating or homogamy among married and cohabiting couples and evaluates whether women and men trade in socioeconomic status and racial caste prestige. The 1990 decennial census identifies for the first time individuals in cohabiting relationships. Log-linear models of partner cross-classified data provide several conclusions. First, married and cohabiting couples are highly homogamous with respect to race and education. Second, cohabiting couples are less homogamous than married couples. Third, cohabiting women are less likely than married women to be living with partners with greater education than themselves. Fourth, racially homogamous unions tend to be educationally homogamous and vice versa. Fifth, heterogamous marriages (but not cohabitors) suggest spousal trades: high education in one spouse is associated with higher color status in another. We conclude that research can no longer ignore the qualitatively different mate ...
Influence of topography on wind speed over a coastal dune and blowout system at Jockey's Ridge, NC, USA

This study examines the spatial distribution of wind speed across a coastal dune system located at Jockey's Ridge State Park, North Carolina. The study area consists of a trough blowout through a foredune ridge, and the landforms that have developed behind the foredune. Wind speed and direction were measured simultaneously with single sensors placed at a fixed height in 13 locations across the blowout/dune complex. Fractional wind speed-up is computed for sampling stations using data from a mast located on the beach as the reference. Results show that wind speeds were generally accelerated across the study site. The highest speeds were recorded on the foredune ridges adjacent to the blowout. Wind was accelerated through the center of the blowout throat and along the downwind lateral wall. Further into the blowout, at the base of the ramp to the depositional lobe, higher wind speeds shifted to the upwind lateral wall and continued to accelerate up the ramp as air exited to the rear. Significant variations in the wind speed-up pattern were associated with different wind approach angles, with greater speed-up occurring when the winds were aligned normal to the dune system. The speed-up decreased as the angle of approach became increasingly oblique to the ridge. The patterns of wind speed-up across the site point to the influence of topography on airflow. To quantify the relationship, measures of several topographic variables were obtained along sample transects running upwind from each sample station along flow lines representing different wind approach angles. Examination of correlation coefficients between wind speed-up and topographic variables suggests that for groups of stations with similar topographic characteristics, 30–50% of the variations in speed-up may be explained by the upwind topographic variability. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Presence of a single abundant storage hexamerin in both larvae and adults of the grasshopper, Schistocerca americana

We identified a single hexameric storage protein in the grasshopper, Schistocerca americana, and monitored its abundance through the last larval instar and up until reproductive competence in adults of both sexes. This storage hexamerin, termed Schistocerca americana Persistent Storage Protein (saPSP) was the most abundant soluble protein in both larvae and adults. In both sexes, saPSP abundance started out low at the onset of the last larval instar and accumulated during feeding, peaking just prior to molting. Adults of both sexes contained significant amounts of saPSP after eclosion. In adult males, saPSP content dropped continuously after eclosion and was lowest once individuals reached reproductive maturity. In contrast, adult females depleted saPSP reserves during the first days of adulthood, but subsequently accumulated significant saPSP stores. In adult females, saPSP stores peaked just prior to the completion of egg provisioning. Given the overall patterns of abundance, saPSP has functions in both larvae and adults. In addition, the observed pattern of storage hexamerin accumulation differs from patterns of accumulation in the other known grasshoppers, Locusta migratoria and Romalea microptera, suggesting that significant functional diversity has evolved in storage hexamerins among the grasshoppers.
Identification of Early Developmental Deficits in Infants With Prenatal Heroin, Methadone, and Other Opioid Exposure:

Objective. Study aims to examine development in infants following prenatal heroin, methadone, and opioid exposure, which adversely affects central and autonomic nervous systems. Abrupt discontinuation results in neurologic and behavioral findings as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). Method. Following NAS treatment, 28 infants (mean age 55 days [range 21-98 days], 57% male) were assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) Cognitive, Language, and Motor subscales. Outcomes were compared with a historical control. Results. Mean Language and Cognition scores were significantly lower (P < .001) in the NAS group. Distributions of scores for Language (P < .001) and Cognition (P = .022) were also significantly different between NAS and historical control groups. Conclusion. Prenatal heroin, methadone, and other opioid exposure is associated with weaknesses in language and cognition. This information has important public health implications, drawing attention to an ...
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Children

Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common complication in mechanically ventilated children and adults. There remains much controversy in the literature over the definition, treatment and prevention of VAP. The incidence of VAP is variable, depending on the definition used and can effect up to 12% of ventilated children. For the prevention and reduction of the incidence of VAP, ventilation care bundles are suggested, which include vigorous hand hygiene, head elevation and use of non-invasive ventilation strategies. Diagnosis is mainly based on the clinical presentation with a lung infection occurring after 48hours of mechanical ventilation requiring a change in ventilator settings (mainly increased oxygen requirement, a positive culture of a specimen taken preferentially using a sterile sampling technique either using a bronchoscope or a blind lavage of the airways). A new infiltrate on a chest X ray supports the diagnosis of VAP. For the treatment of VAP, initial broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used followed by a specific antibiotic therapy with a narrow target once the bacterium is confirmed.
The associations of gender, depression and elder mistreatment in a community-dwelling Chinese population: The modifying effect of social support

The aims of this study are to: (1) examine the gender differences in the association of depression and elder mistreatment (EM) in a community-dwelling Chinese population; and (2) examine the potential differential modifying effect of greater social support on these associations. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 141 women and 270 men aged 60 years or greater who presented to an urban medical center. EM was assessed using the modified Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale (VASS) and depression was assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and overall social support was measured using the Social Support Index (SSI). After adjusting for potential confounders, depression was associated with 447% increased risk for EM among men (odds ratio, OR = 4.47; 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.52-13.13) and 854% increased risk for EM among women (OR = 8.54; 95% CI = 2.85-25.57). After examining the effect of greater social support on depression (social support x depression), depression was no longer associated with increased risk for EM in men (parameter estimate = PE = 0.62 + or - 0.82 (+ or - S.E.M.) = 0.82, p = 0.454). However, among women, depression remained as a significant risk factor for EM (PE = 1.49 + or - 0.68, p = 0.029). Depression is significant risk factor for EM for both men and women. However, effect of greater overall social support may have higher protective effect in men than in women.
cDNA Cloning and Chromosome Mapping of the Human Fe65 Gene: Interaction of the Conserved Cytoplasmic Domains of the Human β-amyloid Precursor Protein and Its Homologues with the Mouse Fe65 Protein

Using the yeast two hybrid system, a mouse embryo cDNA library was screened for proteins that interact with the C-terminus of the human beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta PP). A fusion protein was identified that interacts specifically with the cytoplasmic domain of beta PP and does not interact with the beta-amyloid region. The protein encoded by this partial mouse cDNA is identical to the C-terminus of the rat Fe65 protein. This mouse protein also interacts with the homologous C-terminal domains of the mouse amyloid precursor-like proteins, APLP1 and APLP2. These conserved cytoplasmic regions contain a common amino acid motif, Asn-Pro-Thr-Tyr, which has previously been shown to influence both the secretion and internalization of beta PP. Fe65 has been implicated in regulatory and cell signaling mechanisms because it contains two different motifs involved in protein binding, a WW domain (a variant of Src homology 3 domains) and a phosphotyrosine interaction domain (PID). Interestingly, the PID domain binds to the same motif present in the conserved cytoplasmic domains of the beta PP and beta PP-like proteins. RNA analyses reveal that Fe65 is predominantly expressed in brain and in the regions most affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated neuropathology. The human Fe65 mRNA was cloned from a fetal brain cDNA library. The message encodes a protein of 735 amino acids that is 95% identical to the rat Fe65 protein. The human Fe65 gene was mapped on human metaphase chromosomes to band 11p15 using fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Writing about conflict in africa: Stakes and strategies

Writing about conflict in Africa is a tricky thing. Publications from non-governmental organizations and human rights campaigners often read as if they were calibrated to maximize public distress, and thus the political or financial support that would keep human rights institutions in business. Many journalistic accounts are stitched together from the rhetorical and analytical remnants of a colonial and sometimes racist common sense. Against this backdrop, fine-grained empirical studies like those typically produced by anthropologists, historians and geographers take on a particular salience. They stake out a privileged space for explaining other logics, other incentives, and different causal relations that could make sense out of wars, insurgencies and other forms of violence that appear irrational to Europeans and North Americans.
A Comparison of the Extended and Unscented Kalman Filters for Discrete-Time Systems with Nondifferentiable Dynamics

We compare the performance of the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter, and two extensions of the Hinfin filter when applied to discrete-time nonlinear state estimation problems with nondifferentiable dynamics. We compare the performance of all the estimation techniques on simple nonlinear examples and finally consider state estimation of one-dimensional hydrodynamic flow based on a finite volume model that contains nondifferentiable nonlinearities.
Genetic Relatedness of High-Level Aminoglycoside-Resistant Enterococci Isolated from Poultry Carcasses

Abstract Approximately 46% (75/162) or poultry enterococci collected between 1999 and 2000 exhibited high-level resistance to gentamicin (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≥ 500 μg/ml), kanamycin (MIC ≥ 500 μg/ml), or streptomycin (MIC ≥ 1000 μg/ml). Forty-one percent of the isolates were resistant to kanamycin (n = 67), whereas 23% and 19% were resistant to gentamicin (n = 37) and streptomycin (n = 31), respectively. The predominant species identified was Enterococcus faecium (n = 105), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (n = 40) and Enterococcus durans (n = 8). Using polymerase chain reaction, the isolates were examined for the presence of 10 aminoglycoside resistance genes [ant(6)-Ia, ant(9)-Ia, ant(4′)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, aph(2″)-Ib, aph(2″)-Ic, aph(2″)-Id, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Ia, and aac(6′)-Ii]. Five aminoglycoside resistance genes were detected, most frequently aac(6′)-Ii and ant(6)-Ia from E. faecium. Seven E. faecalis isolates resistant to gentamicin, kanamycin, or streptomycin were negative for...
Forensic Entomology: An Introduction

Dorothy E. Gennard. Forensic Entomology: An IntroductionJohn Wiley and Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom, 2007224 pp., $55.00 (soft), ISBN: 978-0-470-01479-0 As forensic entomologists, we constantly hear claims that student interest in forensic science is a passing fad. However, a close inspection of past and future needs soon shows that the demand for more and better qualified forensic scientists has been strong and continues to grow. In much the same way, readers sometimes make a cursory scan of a book and dismiss it as light weight or superficial. We made that mistake with Forensic Entomology: An Introduction —we didn’t expect the book to amount to much, but the more we read, the more we found to value. As we have learned yet again, whereas you can judge a blow fly by its puparium, you can’t judge a booklouse by its exoskeleton. Forensic Entomology: An Introduction is not a reference or a manual; it is an introductory undergraduate text. Actually, it could even serve as a supplemental text in some graduate courses …
Population Densities and the Range-Carrying Capacity for Large Mammals in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda

(1965). Population Densities and the Range-Carrying Capacity for Large Mammals in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda. Zoologica Africana: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 209-225.
Psychologists partnering with obstetricians and gynecologists: Meeting the need for patient-centered models of women’s health care delivery.

As obstetrics and gynecology (ob/gyn) practices move toward becoming patient-centered medical homes for their patients, the need for providing integrated behavioral health care has increased. Themes common in ob/gyn settings-such as menstruation concerns, initiation of contraception, pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause-serve as occasions for health promotion and as life transitions where behavioral health concerns may arise. When these transitions are complicated by issues such as trauma, infertility, and pregnancy loss, the need for sensitive, collaborative care between psychology and obstetrics/gynecology becomes particularly critical. Women's health psychologists can serve a key role for ob/gyn practices by co-managing patients' care, offering consultation to providers, providing brief behavioral health consultations to patients, facilitating psychotherapy engagement, and providing treatment for women and their families.
Nonlinear Passive Control Strategies for Suppression of Transonic Flutter

Nonlinear energy sink (NES) is used for passive control of transonic flutter of airfoil. OpenFoam is used to simulate transonic flow around the airfoil. The basic governing equation and computational methods are briefly discussed. The flow solver is validated by two classical experimental data: static RAE 2822 and oscillating NACA 64A010. The results show that rhoCentralFoam module is very effective and accurate to simulate transonic flow around the airfoil. Then, we proposed a model for aeroealstic model of the airfoil attached by NES. The analysis show that nonlinear energy sink can be used to suppress the transonic flutter of the airfoil.
Is size misperception of targets simply justification for poor performance

Recent studies show that those who perform poorly on sporting activities involving targets recall the target as smaller than do better performers. Some have attributed the effect to action-specific perception, suggesting perception is influenced directly by how one interacts with an object. We proposed that underestimation of target size may instead serve as a justification for poor performance. We found that inaccurate dart throwers, given an excuse that the darts were of poor quality, were less likely to recall the target as smaller. The findings extend research indicating that perception is influenced by motivational factors, and provide further evidence that size estimates can be distorted by memory errors.
Studies on the Formation of Switching and Memory Storage Materials Constructed from Metallo-Organic Charge-Transfer Complexes

Electrochemical measurements have been employed to study the formation process of the charge-transfer complexes Cu+TCNQ−,a switching and memory material, in a saturated TCNQ/CH3CN solution. These studies show that the Cu/Cu+TCNQ−(s), TCNQo(CH3CN) system is an active-passive system corroding under diffusion control. A possible mechanism of localized corrosion-crystallization is proposed for the formation of a Cu+TCNQ− film in an acetonitrile solution
Field Efficacy of Acaricides for Control of the Lone Star Tick on Cattle in Southeastern Oklahoma

In 1979 and 1980, field trials with seven commercially available acaricides (coumaphos, dioxathion, lindane, malathion, ronnel, stirofos, and toxaphene) and one acaricide combination (toxaphene and lindane) applied as sprays to cattle in southeastern Oklahoma, showed each of these materials to give significant ( P = 0.05) control of Amblyomma americanum (L.) at 24 h post treatment. No acaricide provided significant control at ≥1 week posttreatment.
Performance analysis and solving scheme of energy billing system data aquisition

The data aquisition storage mode of present data aquisition system is analyzed.The measures are using original value load curre of remote energy terminals,ensuring time synchronization between terminals and energy meters,perfecting communication protocol of the uplink and down-link.The measures can solve data aquisition fault,build scientific and rational storage mechanism,ensure data aquisition correct.It also provides reference to improve billing sysem application level and reliability.
Ethnic and racial differences in mental health service utilization for suicidal ideation and behavior in a nationally representative sample of adolescents.

Abstract Background This study examined racial/ethnic differences in mental health treatment utilization for suicidal ideation and behavior in a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Method Data were drawn from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Participants included 4176 depressed adolescents with suicidal ideation and behavior in the previous year. Weighted logistic regressions were estimated to examine whether adolescent racial/ethnic minorities had lower rates of past-year treatment for suicidal ideation and behavior in inpatient or outpatient settings, while adjusting for age, depressive symptom severity, family income, and health insurance status. Results Among adolescents with any suicidal ideation and behavior, and suicide attempts specifically, non-Hispanic blacks and Native Americans were less likely than whites to receive outpatient treatment, and multiracial adolescents were less likely to be admitted to inpatient facilities. Apart from Hispanics, racial/ethnic minorities were generally less likely to receive mental health care for suicidal ideation, particularly within psychiatric outpatient settings. A pattern emerged with racial/ethnic differences in treatment receipt being greatest for adolescents with the least severe suicidal ideation and behavior. Limitations The cross-sectional data limits our ability to form causal inferences. Conclusion Strikingly low rates of treatment utilization for suicidal ideation and behavior were observed across all racial/ethnic groups. Certain racial/ethnic minorities may be less likely to seek treatment for suicidal ideation and behavior when symptoms are less severe, with this gap in treatment use narrowing as symptom severity increases. Native Americans were among the racial/ethnic groups with lowest treatment utilization, but also among the highest for rates of suicide attempts, highlighting the pressing need for strategies to increase mental health service use in this particularly vulnerable population.
Optimal delivery of cardioplegic solution for "redo" operations.

Increasing experience suggests that retrograde cardioplegia offers several benefits during cardiac reoperations. However, the need for dissection to allow caval snares for open coronary sinus intubation or to palpate the atrioventricular groove for transatrial coronary sinus intubation may disturb diseased vein grafts or require more dissection than necessary. Although antegrade-retrograde techniques can be used, antegrade cardioplegia risks atheromatous embolization from old vein grafts. To optimize delivery of cardioplegic solution, we designed and used “no touch” transatrial intubation of the coronary sinus for retrograde delivery of cardioplegic solution in 63 consecutive patients aged 20 to 87 years (mean 68 years) undergoing 36 redo coronary bypass operations, 7 combined redo coronary by pass/valve replacements, 6 redo aortic valve repairs/replacements, 6 redo mitral valve repairs/replacements, 4 redo double valve repairs/replacements, 2 redo triple valve repairs/replacements, and 2 redo composite aortic valve and arch replacements. “No touch” coronary sinus cannulation was achieved by minimally dissecting the aorta and high right atrium enough for two purse-string sutures. No attempt was made to dissect the junction of the inferior vena cava and atrioventricular groove if old vein grafts were present. The distal pressure line of the Gundry DLP RCSP retrograde cardioplegia cannula (DPL, Inc., Grand Rapids, Mich.) was connected to a transducer, flushed, and then introduced into the right atrium. The pressure tracing thus obtained was observed while the catheter was advanced, using its curved stylet, “blindly” without touching the heart, through the right atrium into the coronary sinus until a coronary sinus waveform was obtained (similar to floating a thermodilution catheter). The catheter's distal balloon was then inflated to occlude the coronary sinus momentarily. A rise in sinus pressure confirmed placement. If pressure did not rise, the cannula was usually in the right ventricle and was repositioned. All coronary sinuses were successfully intubated blindly. Bypass was then instituted, the aorta crossclamped, and the proximal aorta vented. Old vein grafts were cut at the aorta before retrograde cardioplegia was begun; atheromatous material was routinely flushed retrogradely from vein grafts. Only after arrest were hearts dissected as needed. Antegrade cardioplegia was not used. There were two (3%) deaths, both from hospital-acquired pneumonia, no perioperative myocardial infarctions, and no episodes of heart block. Inotropic agents were used in six of 63 patients (10%). We conclude that “no touch” transatrial retrograde cardioplegia offers optimal, simplified myocardial protection for cardiac reoperations, permits arrest of the heart before cardiac manipulations, and expands the use of retrograde cardioplegia by obviating cardiac dissection. (J T horac C ardiovasc S urg 1992;103:896-901)
Na,K-ATPase: Increases in α1-messenger RNA and decreases in α3-messenger RNA levels in aging rat cerebral cortex

Age-related changes in the expression of Na,K-ATPase catalytic (alpha) subunit isoform messenger RNAs were investigated by in situ hybridization in frontal-parietal cortex of Fischer-344 male rats. It was found that the density of alpha1-messenger RNA, present in glia and some neurons, increases dramatically in the neuropil of cortex and in the corpus callosum of the aged (24 months) as compared to young (three months) rats. In contrast, levels of alpha3-messenger RNA, which is neuron-specific, decrease dramatically over the neurons of layers III and V and retrosplenial cortex in the aged as compared to the young animals, despite no changes in cellular density. The declines in the levels of neuron-specific alpha3-messenger RNA may constitute a very early change in age-related differentiation of brain. These changes in Na,K-ATPase isoform expression may represent a candidate for an age-related factor predisposing to or potentiating certain neurodegenerative diseases.