cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effects of a single administration of fibroblast growth factor on vascular wall reaction to injury

Expansion of the vascular wall through formation of neointimal fibromuscular lesions is the basic mechanism underlying stenosis of vascular grafts, restenosis of arteries treated by balloon angioplasty, and other major cardiovascular problems. This study examined the effect of a single, systemic, low dose of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on formation of neointimal fibromuscular lesions in response to injury. New Zealand white rabbits (n = 76) were subjected to balloon injury of the abdominal aorta. Forty-five rabbits were given a single intravenous dose of bFGF (0.5 μg/kg) immediately after injury, and 31 rabbits were given only the vehicle solution as controls. After 2 (n = 15), 5 (n = 21), 14 (n = 29), or 28 (n = 11) days the rabbits were sacrificed. Those rabbits receiving the single administration of bFGF exhibited significantly greater intimal thickening (intima/media ratio) than the control group at 5 days (mean ± standard error of the mean, 0.091 ± 0.009 versus 0.058 ± 0.006; p
Multi-modal musical environments for mixed-reality performance

This article describes a series of multi-modal networked musical performance environments designed and implemented for concert presentation at the Torino-Milano (MiTo) Festival (Settembre musica, 2009, http://www.mitosettembremusica.it/en/home.html) between 2009 and 2010. Musical works, controlled by motion and gestures generated by in-engine performer avatars will be discussed with specific consideration given to the multi-modal presentation of mixed-reality works, combining both software-based and real-world traditional musical instruments.
Prognostic Utility of 90Y Radioembolization Dosimetry Based on Fusion 99mTc-Macroaggregated Albumin–99mTc-Sulfur Colloid SPECT

Planning hepatic 90Y radioembolization activity requires balancing toxicity with efficacy. We developed a dual-tracer SPECT fusion imaging protocol that merges data on radioactivity distribution with physiologic liver mapping. Methods: Twenty-five patients with colorectal carcinoma and bilobar liver metastases received whole-liver radioembolization with resin microspheres prescribed as per convention (mean administered activity, 1.69 GBq). As part of standard treatment planning, all patients underwent SPECT imaging after intraarterial injection of 37 MBq of 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) to simulate subsequent 90Y distribution. Immediately afterward, patients received 185 MBq of labeled sulfur colloid (99mTc-SC) intravenously as a biomarker for normal hepatic reticuloendothelial function and SPECT was repeated. The SPECT images were coregistered and fused. A region-based method was used to predict the 90Y radiation absorbed dose to functional liver tissue (DFL) by calculation of 99mTc-MAA activity in regions with 99mTc-SC uptake. Similarly, the absorbed dose to tumor (DT) was predicted by calculation of 99mTc-MAA activity in voxels without 99mTc-SC uptake. Laboratory data and radiographic response were measured for 3 mo, and the survival of patients was recorded. SPECT-based DT and DFL were correlated with parameters of toxicity and efficacy. Results: Toxicity, as measured by increase in serum liver enzymes, correlated significantly with SPECT-based calculation of DFL at all time points (P 50% increase in all liver enzymes) occurred at a DFL of 24.5 Gy and above. In addition, in uni- and multivariate analysis, SPECT-based calculation of DT (mean DT, 44.2 Gy) correlated with radiographic response (P
Answers to Sputnik

(1958). Answers to Sputnik? Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists: Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 115-117.
A population-level approach to promoting healthy child development and school success in low-income, urban neighborhoods: impact on parenting and child conduct problems

Minority children living in disadvantaged neighborhoods are at high risk for school dropout, delinquency, and poor health, largely due to the negative impact of poverty and stress on parenting and child development. This study evaluated a population-level, family-centered, school-based intervention designed to promote learning, behavior, and health by strengthening parenting, classroom quality, and child self-regulation during early childhood. Ten schools in urban districts serving primarily low-income Black students were randomly assigned to intervention or a “pre-kindergarten education as usual” control condition. Intervention included a family program (a 13-week behavioral parenting intervention and concurrent group for children) and professional development for early childhood teachers. The majority (88 %) of the pre-kindergarten population (N = 1,050; age 4) enrolled in the trial, and nearly 60 % of parents in intervention schools participated in the family program. This study evaluated intervention impact on parenting (knowledge, positive behavior support, behavior management, involvement in early learning) and child conduct problems over a 2-year period (end of kindergarten). Intent-to-treat analyses found intervention effects on parenting knowledge, positive behavior support, and teacher-rated parent involvement. For the highest-risk families, intervention also resulted in increased parent-rated involvement in early learning and decreased harsh and inconsistent behavior management. Among boys at high risk for problems based on baseline behavioral dysregulation (age 4, 23 % of sample), intervention led to lower rates of conduct problems at age 6. Family-centered intervention at the transition to school has potential to improve population health and break the cycle of disadvantage for low-income, minority families.
Several Remarks on Dissimilarities and Ultrametrics

We investigate the relationships between tolerance relations, equivalence relations, and ultrametrics. The set of spheres associated to an ultrametric space has a tree structure that reects a hierarchy on the set of equivalences associated to that space. We show that every ultrametric dened on a nite space is a linear combination of binary ultrametric and we introduce the notion of ultrametricity for dissimilarities, which has applications in many data mining problems.
Thoroughly Mixed Yet Thoroughly Ethnic: Indexing Class with Ethnonyms

This article considers the roles played by ethnic mentions, or ethnonyms, in the discursive reconstruction of a former neighborhood in Easton, Pennsylvania, “Syrian Town.” We argue that these labels engage in the production of ethnic difference by depicting a social world composed of discrete types while presupposing a local class divide and a contrasting neighborhood imagined as elite and privileged. In this way, speakers narrating stories of bygone days are taking a particular stance toward the diversity of their former neighborhood and the segregated cityscape of contemporary times, thereby challenging a once-dominant chain of indexicality. We conclude by arguing that close attention to vernacular usage allows us to advance our understanding of the relative importance of racial, ethnic, and class-based distinctions in specific locales, and challenges hegemonic constructions of the evolution of a Black-White binary in twentieth-century American cities.
BASELINE STUDIES OF THE CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY SOURCE CLAYS: CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY MEASUREMENTS BY THE AMMONIA-ELECTRODE METHOD

The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of fine-grained materials, and especially clay minerals, is a fundamental property of these materials, and can be determined routinely. A search of the recent literature illustrates the great interest of this property to researchers. For example, a search of the GeoRef database for references to “cation exchange capacity” for the years 1980 to 1999 yields 2559 citations. Methods of measurement are based on a determination of the quantity of a particular exchangeable cation, by a variety of means, expressed per 100 g of dry clay. These methods are principally chemical and spectroscopic. The present study describes the results of measurements made primarily on Source Clay minerals using a particularly simple, reliable and inexpensive method developed by Busenberg and Clemency (1973). The method, in common with other procedures, involves the saturation of exchangeable cation sites with a chemical species, in the present case, ammonium cations. The ammonium-exchanged clay is dispersed in an alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide that releases the ammonium as dissolved ammonia gas. A specific-ion electrode then detects the signal from the ammonia dissolved in solution. Comparison of the signal from the unknown solution with a series of solutions containing known concentrations of ammonia yields the ammonia …
Understanding Pregnancy-Related Attitudes and Behaviors: A Mixed-Methods Study of Homeless Youth

CONTEXT: Pregnancy rates are substantially higher among homeless youth than in the general population of youth, yet little is known about homeless adolescents' and young adults' pregnancy-related attitudes and behaviors. METHODS: Pregnancy-related attitudes and behaviors were examined among two samples of sexually active homeless 13-24-year-olds in Los Angeles County. Data from 37 semistructured interviews conducted in March-April 2011 were analyzed using standard qualitative methods. Data from a structured survey with 277 respondents, conducted between October 2008 and August 2009, were analyzed primarily using regression modeling. RESULTS: More than half of interview respondents held ambivalent attitudes toward pregnancy, and ambivalent youth reported less contraceptive use than others. The interviews identified several potential influences on pregnancy attitudes: barriers associated with homelessness, readiness to settle down, desire to achieve goals, belief that a child would create something positive in life, and family and partners. In the survey, having positive attitudes toward pregnancy was positively associated with duration of homelessness (odds ratio, 1.6), contact with relatives (1.1) and relationship commitment (1.8); it was negatively associated with frequency of drinking (0.9). Relationship commitment was positively associated with nonuse of an effective contraceptive method at last sex (1.5). CONCLUSIONS: Effective and accessible pregnancy prevention and family planning programs for homeless youth are needed. Youths' ambivalence toward pregnancy and feelings of relationship commitment warrant attention as possible areas for programs to address. Language: en
A Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8 ORF50 Deletion Mutant Is Defective for Reactivation of Latent Virus and DNA Replication

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (also called human herpesvirus type 8 [HHV8]) latently infects a number of cell types. Reactivation of latent virus can occur by treatment with the phorbol ester tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) or with the transfection of plasmids expressing the lytic switch activator protein K-Rta, the gene product of ORF50. K-Rta expression is sufficient for the activation of the entire lytic cycle and the transactivation of viral genes necessary for DNA replication. In addition, recent evidence has suggested that K-Rta may participate directly in the initiation of lytic DNA synthesis. We have now generated a recombinant HHV8 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) with a large deletion within the ORF50 locus. This BAC, BAC36Delta50, failed to produce infectious virus upon treatment with TPA and was defective for DNA synthesis. Expression of K-Rta in trans in BAC36Delta50-containing cells was able to abolish both defects. Real-time PCR revealed that K-bZIP, ORF40/41, and K8.1 were not expressed when BAC36Delta50-containing cells were induced with TPA. However, the mRNA levels of ORF57 were over fivefold higher in TPA-treated BAC36Delta50-containing cells than those observed in similarly treated wild-type BAC-containing cells. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis showed that while the latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) was expressed in the mutant BAC-containing cells, ORF59 and K8.1 expression was not detected in TPA-induced BAC36Delta50-containing cells. These results showed that K-Rta is essential for lytic viral reactivation and transactivation of viral genes contributing to DNA replication.
Ordinal operations on graph representations of sets

Any set x is uniquely specified by the graph of the membership relation on the set obtained by adjoining x to the transitive closure of x. Thus any operation on sets can be looked at as an operation on these graphs. We look at the operations of ordinal arithmetic of sets in this light. This turns out to be simplest for a modified ordinal arithmetic based on the Zermelo ordinals, instead of the usual von Neumann ordinals. In this arithmetic, addition of sets corresponds to concatenating graphs, and multiplication corresponds to replacing each edge of a graph by a copy of another graph. Characterizations for the von Neumann case are also given.
Mean-Square Consistency of the Variance Estimator in Steady-State Simulation Output Analysis

In steady-state simulation output analysis, mean-square consistency of the process-variance estimator is important for a number of reasons. One way to construct an asymptotically valid confidence interval around a sample mean is via construction of a consistent estimator of the process variance and a central limit theorem. Also, if an estimator is consistent in the mean-square sense, a mean-square error analysis is theoretically justified. Finally, batch-size selection is an open research problem in steady-state output analysis, and a mean-square error analysis approach has been proposed in the literature; to be valid, the process-variance estimators constructed must be consistent in the mean-square sense. In this paper, we prove mean-square consistency of the process-variance estimator for the methods of batch means, overlapping batch means, standardized time series area, and spaced batch means, by rigorously computing the rate of decay of the variance of the process-variance estimators. Asymptotic results for third and higher centered moments of the batch means and area variance estimators are also given, along with central limit theorems.
APOE3, but Not APOE4, Bone Marrow Transplantation Mitigates Behavioral and Pathological Changes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease

Apolipoprotein E4 ( APOE4 ) genotype is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease and confers a proinflammatory, neurotoxic phenotype to microglia. Here, we tested the hypothesis that bone marrow cell APOE genotype modulates pathological progression in experimental Alzheimer disease. We performed bone marrow transplants (BMT) from green fluorescent protein–expressing human APOE3/3 or APOE4/4 donor mice into lethally irradiated 5-month-old APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice. Eight months later, APOE4/4 BMT–recipient APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice had significantly impaired spatial working memory and increased detergent-soluble and plaque Aβ compared with APOE3/3 BMT–recipient APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice. BMT-derived microglia engraftment was significantly reduced in APOE4/4 recipients, who also had correspondingly less cerebral apoE. Gene expression analysis in cerebral cortex of APOE3/3 BMT recipients showed reduced expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (both neurotoxic cytokines) and elevated immunomodulatory IL-10 expression in APOE3/3 recipients compared with those that received APOE4/4 bone marrow. This was not due to detectable APOE -specific differences in expression of microglial major histocompatibility complex class II, C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) type 1, CCR2, CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), or C5a anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor (C5aR). Together, these findings suggest that BMT-derived APOE3 -expressing cells are superior to those that express APOE4 in their ability to mitigate the behavioral and neuropathological changes in experimental Alzheimer disease.
“One of those areas that people avoid” a qualitative study of implementation in miscarriage management

Miscarriage is common and often managed by specialists in the operating room despite evidence that office-based manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) is safe, effective, and saves time and money. Family Medicine residents are not routinely trained to manage miscarriages using MVA, but have the potential to increase access to this procedure. This process evaluation sought to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation of office-based MVA for miscarriage in Family Medicine residency sites in Washington State.
Cropping System Affects Polymer-Coated Urea Release and Corn Yield Response in Claypan Soils

Preplant-applied, urea-based fertilizer management in high-residue, no-till (NT) corn (Zea mays L.) is challenging because of potential N loss due to cool, wet conditions in the spring and dry conditions during the summer months. Field research evaluated the effects of polymer-coated urea (PCU) application timing, placement and cropping system on urea release for corn and determined corn yield response to PCU on claypan soils following wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping systems [reduced-till corn following wheat, no-till corn following wheat with double-cropped (DC) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and no-till corn following wheat with a frost-seeded red clover (FSC) (Trifolium pratense L.) cover crop]. Urea release from PCU was <35 % from fall through winter (November–January) and <20 % for early preplant (February–March) applications until 1 April. By 1 August, less urea was released in some instances from surface applications of PCU following FSC or DC soybean, but release was generally greater than in the absence of soil. No-till corn following DC soybean or FSC had yields that were 1.01–1.32 Mg ha−1 greater when grown with PCU compared to urea at 168 kg N ha−1. Grain yields were similar within no-till cropping systems with PCU, anhydrous ammonia and sidedressed urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) at 168 kg N ha−1. Farmers should recognize that high yields may not be obtained if PCU rates are reduced by 50 % (84 kg N ha−1) in high-residue (DC soybean or FSC), no-till production systems. Several N sources such as PCU, anhydrous ammonia and sidedressed UAN worked similarly in high-residue, no-till systems, although no differences between N sources were observed in a reduced-tillage system.
Non-well-founded sets via revision rules

L'A. applique les regles de la revision afin de construire, de facon generale, des modeles de la theorie des ensembles, qui contiennent des ensembles, pas bien fondes (non-well-founded sets), remplissant certaines conditions
High-yield assembly of soluble and stable gold nanorod pairs for high-temperature plasmonics.

Colloidal synthetic approaches to discrete, soluble plasmonic architectures, such as nanorod pairs, offer numerous advantages relative to lithographic techniques, including compositionally asymmetric structures, atomically smooth surfaces, and continuous fabrication. Density-driven colloidal assembly, such as by solvent evaporation, produces some intriguing structures, e.g., particle chains; however, controllability and post-processibility of the final architecture is inadequate. Also the limited quantity of product nominally comprises a broad distribution of assembly size and type. Herein, the high-yield formation of soluble, stable, and compositionally discrete gold nanorod (Au NR) architectures by inducing-then arresting-flocculation is demonstrated using bifunctional nanorods and reversible modulation of solvent quality to deplete and reassemble an electrostatic stabilization layer, thereby eliminating the need for an additional encapsulant. Analogous to dimer formation during step-growth polymerization, the initial yield of Au nanorod side-by-side pairs can be greater than 50%. The high solubility and stability of the assembly enable purification, scale-up of nanomolarity solutions, and subsequent chemical modification of the assembled product. As an example, in situ silica deposition via Stober synthesis onto the assembled pair produces highly processable nanostructures with a single pair of embedded Au NRs at their center, which exhibit thermal stability at temperatures in excess of 700 °C.
Mouse hepatitis virus receptor activities of an MHVR/mph chimera and MHVR mutants lacking N-linked glycosylation of the N-terminal domain.

Mouse hepatitis virus binds to the N-terminal domain of its receptor, MHVR, a murine biliary glycoprotein with four immunoglobulin-like domains (G.S. Dveksler, M. N. Pensiero, C. W. Dieffenbach, C. B. Cardellichio, A.A. Basile, P.E. Elia, and K. V. Holmes, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:1716-1720, 1993). A recombinant protein with only the anchored N-terminal domain was not a functional receptor, but a recombinant protein with the N-terminal domain of MHVR linked to the second and third immunoglobulin-like domains and anchor from the mouse poliovirus receptor homolog, mph, was a functional receptor for mouse hepatitis virus. The native four-domain MHVR has 16 potential N-linked glycosylation sites, including three on the N-terminal domain. Recombinant proteins lacking each one of these three sites or all three of them were functional receptors. Thus, glycosylation of the N-terminal domain is not required, but a glycoprotein longer than the N-terminal domain is required for virus receptor activity.
Two Forms of Spatial Imagery: Neuroimaging Evidence

Spatial imagery may be useful in such tasks as interpreting graphs and solving geometry problems, and even in performing surgery. This study provides evidence that spatial imagery is not a single faculty; rather, visualizing spatial location and mentally transforming location rely on distinct neural networks. Using 3-T functional magnetic resonance imaging, we tested 16 participants (8 male, 8 female) in each of two spatial imagery tasks—one that required visualizing location and one that required mentally rotating stimuli. The same stimuli were used in the two tasks. The location-based task engendered more activation near the occipito-parietal sulcus, medial posterior cingulate, and precuneus, whereas the transformation task engendered more activation in superior portions of the parietal lobe and in the postcentral gyrus. These differences in activation provide evidence that there are at least two different types of spatial imagery.
Truth Telling to the Sick and Dying in a Traditional Chinese Culture

Traditionally and currently, Chinese medicine has generally not embraced the notion that the sick and dying should be told the truth about their situation and prospects, opting instead for conveying this information to family members who assist practitioners in making medical decisions (Chan, 2004; Cong, 2004; Fan and Benfu, 2004). Interestingly, in Taiwan specifically, informed consent, by law, can be secured from either the patient, or a family member, with (I am informed by local authorities) a vast preference for the latter approach by most parties. Western bioethics appears to have an ambivalent attitude about such a practice. On the one hand, extensive discussions in the West over the past three decades have generally enshrined truth telling as a basic ethical principle with strong and detailed argument in support of this primacy. (Annas, 1975; Parsons, 1975; Ramsey, 1970) At most, in the West, current discussions regarding truth telling relate mainly to possible exceptions to the generally held rule, and are seen by many to be quite difficult to establish (Meisel, 1979; Wear, 2004). This is not, furthermore, merely a scholarly consensus. At least in the USA, the primacy of truth telling is enshrined in prominently displayed patients’ rights statements, institutional policies, and in the standards of hospital accreditation organizations, e.g. the Joint Commission for the Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAHO). Simply, it is uncontroversial and expected. (Wear, 1993) On the other hand, western bioethics, and ethics generally, certainly comes with the basic caveat that “ethical principles” such as truth telling, are culturally conditioned, and may well have meaning and force only in a culture that shares basic western assumptions regarding personal autonomy, independence, and the subjectivity of the values. If we move to a different culture, e.g. traditional Chinese culture, that emphasizes contrary values such as seeing families as the decision making unit, and the objectivity of values, then truth telling may well have no special status, and its opposite, viz. lying to, deceiving or not being candid with patients, may well be the guiding ethical principle (Fan and Benfu, 2004).
I am a Seed of Peace: Music and Israeli-Arab Peacemaking

Seeds of Peace International Camp for Coexistence in Otisfield, Maine is a summer camp and intensive dialogue program for teens from the Middle East. Campers come in national delegations of “Arabs” or “Israelis” for whom acknowledgment of the other side's humanity is equivalent to self-nullification and moral jeopardy. When they first arrive, scarred by conflict, they see their mission not as peacemaking but vociferous defense of their countries' policies and national histories. After three weeks, these identities have not been shed, but campers have acquired an additional shared identity as “Seeds” – members of a new community of enemies who choose to become friends, acknowledge their enemies' reality and pain, and engage in earnest dialogue about how to heal their region's wounds.Based on research over four summers, first as a camper and then as a music counselor, it is clear that music is integral to the profound personal and communal process of creating the intercultural identity of the “Seed.” I will discuss the role of the song “I am a Seed of Peace,” taught to all campers, in both the development and performance of the new, shared identity of the “Seed.” Through multiple performances of the song, campers create a space in which dialogue is not a betrayal of oneself or one's history but an embrace of one's fellow Seed and the collective hope for a peaceful and productive common future.
Exchange-Specific Self-Disclosure, Social Self-Disclosure, and Personal Selling

The self-disclosures of customers and salespeople can be either exchange-specific (i.e., essential to a pending exchange) or social (i.e., incidental to a pending exchange). A model that relates bo...
Tyrosine Microcrystals Produced by Digestion of Proteins with Pancreatic Enzymes

If serum albumin from several animals, including humans, at concentrations greater than about 60 mg/mL is combined with an aqueous extract of porcine or human pancreas, then massive amounts of microcrystals develop. Both raw blood serum, as well as a range of concentrated, pure proteins, when combined with the extract produced identical crystals. Morphologies of crystals and their aggregates did, however, show some dependence on the starting protein material. Crystals could be dissolved by boiling in water and recrystallized. By X-ray diffraction we showed the crystals to be l-tyrosine crystals, presumably a degradation product of the starting proteins. Amino acid analysis, supported by mass spectrometry, of even well washed crystals, however, consistently showed them to be composed of 20% to 30% of other amino acids. An atomic force microscopy investigation of the crystals revealed that the crystal surfaces were persistently coated with spherical particles about 3 nm in diameter. The particles are appare...
Position of the Uppermost White Bloom Defined by Node Counts as an Indicator for Termination of Insecticide Treatments in Cotton

Late in the season, the cotton plant ceases initiation of new branches, severely reduces fruit initiation on existing branches, and sheds many flower buds and small bolls. Plants exhibiting these characters are said to be cutout. The potential for additional harvestable bolls is restricted shortly before and after cutout. Management decisions to apply insecticides in late season should consider that many fruits will shed during plant cutout and that fruit already on the plants may not have sufficient growing conditions for maturation of fiber. One indication that plants are approaching cutout is white blooms on branches near the top of the plant. Use of the number of nodes between the uppermost white bloom and the first unexpanded mainstem leaf to assess cotton status and onset of cutout is described. The number of blooms retained (set) and the number of set blooms becoming harvestable bolls were summarized for intervals between average node counts. The interval between an average node count of four (rounded to nearest whole number) and the last bloom in a field had the lowest number of blooms, set blooms, and harvestable bolls than any other interval. The lint contribution to overall yield of harvestable bolls in the interval was estimated to be <1%. That percentage of yield would not return the cost of insecticide application(s) intended to protect blooms set during the interval between a node count of four and the last bloom in a field. Rather, late season insecticide applications should be made only to protect bolls set before an average node count of four. Use of node counts will help establish the timing of late season applications. Experience shows that a boll 16–18 days old is safe from attack by small and medium-sized Heliothis spp. larvae and safe from severe attack by boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman, adults. With our proposed procedure, insecticide would be applied as needed during a 10-day period for control of established Heliothis spp. larvae and during a 16-day period as needed for control of boll weevil adults after the field averaged four nodes between uppermost white bloom and first unexpanded mainstem leaf. Use of the node count procedure would be a valuable addition to cotton pest management programs through more cost-effective use of insecticides late in the season without a major loss of yield.
A Kind of Strongly-coupling Hydraulic Power Recovery System

On the basis of study on all kinds of hydraulic power recovery methods,aiming at the efficiency performance test of high-power hydraulic pump(90B100)and hydraulic motor(90M100),this paper designed a kind of energy-saving,strong-coupling power recovery system,and did a preliminary study and exploration in theory,for its flow,torque and efficiency characteristics.The study in theory proves that its power recovery efficiency is higher,being of a cetain application value.
Inspection Situation Analysis on Children at Admission to Child Care Setting and School Vaccination Certificate from 2009 to 2011 in Haian County

OBJECTIVE To understand the Haian County children at admission to child care setting and school vaccination card hold and the free immune planning vaccination,in order to improve planning vaccination rates and provide scientific basis for strengthening school infectious diseases prevention and control.METHOD In accordance with the unified plan,the Haian County children at admission to child care setting and school from 2009 to 2011 vaccination certificate inspection.RESULTS Childcare facilities and elementary school inspection rate was 100.00%,holding certificates rate was 99.21%,in addition to A + C Vaccines inoculation rate was less than 95.00%,other vaccination rates were more than 95.00%.CONCLUSION Should be paid attention to strengthen the propaganda of related vaccine inoculation and timely investigation and omissions offset vaccination work,promote the vaccination certificate inspection and EPI work of children at admission to child care setting and school.
Those conversion blues

With the ever-increasing market penetration of capitated payment systems throughout health care markets, average payment rates for health services have dropped correspondingly. At the same time, the added competitive pressures from managed care organizations have served to increase the demand for new capital investment in information systems, lower cost facilities, and innovative modes for delivering all types of health care services. As a result, many nonprofit health care organizations have converted, or have attempted to convert, to for-profit status in an effort to gain access to the public equity capital markets. As hospitals, Blue Cross and Blue Shield organizations, and other nonprofit health care organizations across the U.S. seek to convert to for-profit status, they are finding the path is not easy. Access to capital, operating efficiencies, and the need to accelerate movement into new markets are offset by public benefit obligations, potential private inurement, and significant political cost issues. The bottom line is whether the conversion will be structured to both protect the public interest and allow the health care organization the flexibility and access to capital it needs in order to continue as a viable, competitive organization into the next millennium.
We start from here

As James Buchanan often asserted, in constitutional design “we start from here” which is to say we design a constitution to fit the institutions, social practices and so forth that we already have. Comparison of the complicated case of the US constitution and the failed attempt at constitutionalism in contemporary Egypt suggest that many societies are not yet ready for serious constitutional design. The English civil wars were about religion; the US constitution ignores religion and thereby avoids the grim conflict of church and state.
Cloud forensics: an investigation into imperfect virtualization

Cloud computing is becoming more popular and companies are quickly adapting cloud strategies as a cost saving means. Unfortunately, this also means that they are putting information onto cloud servers and devices without realizing the security implications, Depending on how the instantiations are made, data from previous virtual machines could be located in unallocated sectors or within the RAM of a different running instance.
Minimizing Corrosion of Outdoor Metalworks Using Dispersed Chemically Stabilized Nanoclays in Polyvinylidene Fluoride Latex Coatings

Nanoclays are small enough to appear optically transparent, yet they have large surface-to-volume and high aspect ratios that can significantly inhibit water diffusion when incorporated into protective coatings. Clear coatings, which minimally affect the aesthetics of metalworks, are commonly applied to outdoor metalworks, such as sculptures, to prevent and slow corrosion. In recent years, waterborne clear coatings, rather than solvent-based clear coatings, are increasingly used in many applications to reduce the quantity of volatile organic components in the formulation, yet the performance of dry films produced from waterborne colloidal suspensions is generally poorer. In this work, we aim to improve the barrier properties of a highly weatherable waterborne acrylic/polyvinylidene fluoride emulsion by adding a synthetic nanoclay, Laponite, into the formulation. To improve clay–polymer compatibility, the clay was covalently modified using an acetoxy or perfluoroalkyl silane monomer that is reactive with t...
Molecular Pathology: Predictive, Prognostic, and Diagnostic Markers in Lymphoid Neoplasms

Lymphoid neoplasms show great diversity in morphology, immunophenotypic profile, and postulated cells of origin, which also reflects the variety of genetic alterations within this group of tumors. This review discusses many of the currently known genetic alterations in selected mature B-cell and T-cell lymphoid neoplasms, and their significance as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic markers. Given the rapidly increasing number of genetic alterations that have been described in this group of tumors, and that the clinical significance of many is still being studied, this is not an entirely exhaustive review of all of the genetic alterations that have been reported.
Zoledronic Acid for Injection

Each month, subscribers to The Formulary ® Monograph Service receive five to six well-documented monographs on drugs that are newly released or are in late Phase III trials. The monographs are targeted to your Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. Subscribers also receive monthly one-page summary monographs on the agents that are useful for agendas and pharmacy/nursing in-services. A comprehensive target drug utilization evaluation (DUE) is also provided each month. The monographs are published in printed form and on diskettes that allow customization. Subscribers to the The Formulary Monograph Service also receive access to a pharmacy bulletin board, The Formulary Information Exchange (The F.I.X). All topics pertinent to clinical and hospital pharmacy are discussed on The F.I.X. Through the cooperation of The Formulary, Hospital Pharmacy publishes selected reviews in this column. If you would like information about The Formulary Monograph Service or The F.I.X., call The Formulary at 800-322-4349. The December 2001 Formulary monograph topics are budesonide modified-release capsules, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, pegfilgrastim, fulvestrant, and etonogestrol/ethinyl estradiol vaginal ring. The DUE is on budesonide modified-release capsules.
Oxidation Resistance of Ti5Si3 and Ti5Si3Zx at 1000°C (Z = C, N, or O)

The oxidation behavior of Ti5Si3+y (y=0 or 0.2) and Ti5Si3Zx (Z=C, N or O, x=0.25 or 0.5) was studied at 1000°C in air or argon–oxygen mixtures for up to 500 h. Ti5Si3 has poor oxidation resistance in air because of the formation of an oxide scale rich in rutile and subscale formation of TiN, TiSi, TiSi2 and Si. In contrast, Ti5Si3.2 has excellent oxidation resistance because of the formation of a silica scale. Samples with interstitial oxygen or nitrogen show only slight improvements in the early stages of oxidation, compared to Ti5Si3, which is in stark contrast to previous research. However, samples with interstitial carbon displayed excellent oxidation resistance at 1000°C, consistent with previous research.
Subterranean Days of Rage: How Magazine Letters to the Editor in 1952 Foretold a Generation of Revolution

Abstract Golden hues of nostalgia have helped create a whitewashed pop culture portrayal of the 1950s as a Father Knows Best time of innocence and tranquility, when most Americans “liked Ike,”believed what they read in their newspapers, and lived carefree Happy Days and Wonder Years. But a study of letters to the editor printed in 10 popular national magazines in 1952 tells quite a different story. The research in the current article confirms the argument that the 1950s were much more complicated than generally perceived. The focus here is on the previously unheralded letters to the editor that voiced opposition to much of the status quo. In many letters there is simmering rage expressed by unquiet men and women: Letter writers of 1952 punctured the image of a culture of complacency by challenging the anti-communist hysteria of McCarthyism, railing against racial inequality, demanding drugs be decriminalized, decrying bias in their newspapers, and challenging the subjugation of women. The research in this...
On reading about Lola Fine’s night on the town

This is a commentary on Lindy-Lee Prince’s photographic essay about gender and drag featuring Cape Town performance artist Lola Fine.
Water Concentrations, Bioaccumulation, and Human Health Implications of Heavy Metals in Lake Chapala

Inorganic contaminants in Lake Chapala may pose risks to human health through exposure routes such as drinking water, recreation, and fish consumption. Accurately assessing these risks is difficult, as the fate and transport of metals in surface waters is governed by multiple processes. In this chapter, data for metals in Lake Chapala water, plants, and fish are reviewed, and risks to human health due to fish consumption and drinking water are evaluated. At times during the year, the concentrations of Cd and Pb were above USEPA Maximum Contaminant Levels for safe drinking water, indicating a need for monitoring. Levels of dissolved arsenic in water were consistently above recommended guidelines for safe consumption of water. Data on metal concentrations in fish point to a need for monitoring mercury in all edible species of fish from Lake Chapala, and suggest elevated Cu and Pb levels in fish tissue as well. Suspended clay particles have been shown to be important in metal accumulation in Lake Chapala, due to their high affinity for metals. To more accurately characterize the Lake, we need a more comprehensive monitoring program for toxic metals in the sediments, the water column (dissolved and particulate) and within the biota, and an assessment of population exposures.
Association between Atrial Fibrillation and Spinal Cord Infarction (P3.108)

Objective: To determine if atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with spinal cord infarction (SCI). Background: SCI is a rare ischemic event with significant morbidity. In many cases of SCI, the cause remains undetermined. Case reports have suggested a relationship between AF and SCI but this association has not been evaluated. Design/Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using claims data from 2008–2014 on a 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries. Our predictor variable was AF, ascertained by previously validated ICD-9-CM codes. The primary outcome was SCI, defined as ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 336.1 (vascular myelopathy), among patients with magnetic resonance imaging exonerating a compressive lesion and who did not have a concomitant diagnosis of degenerate joint disease, the most common cause of non-traumatic compressive myelopathy. In sensitivity analyses, we also excluded SCI cases accompanied by codes for traumatic spinal cord injury, spinal cord abscess, or spinal or aortic surgery. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to assess the relationship between AF and SCI while adjusting for demographic characteristics and vascular risk factors. Results: Among 1,638,461 patients with a mean 3.9 years of follow-up, 423,856 had AF and 22 developed SCI. The annual incidence of SCI was 8.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.4–15.4) per million in patients with AF compared to 2.3 (95% CI, 1.3–4.0) per million per year in those without AF. After adjustment for demographic characteristics and vascular risk factors, AF was associated with a higher risk of SCI (hazard ratio [HR], 4.8; 95% CI, 1.7–13.6). This association persisted or grew stronger after excluding those with concomitant diagnoses of spinal cord injury, spinal abscess, and spinal or aortic surgery. Conclusions: In Medicare beneficiaries, AF was associated with increased risk of subsequent SCI. These results suggest the need for a thorough evaluation of potential underlying cardioembolic sources in patients with otherwise unexplained SCI. Disclosure: Dr. Mir has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pishanidar has nothing to disclose. Dr. Merkler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Navi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kamel has received personal compensation for activities with Genentech as a speaker. Dr. Kamel has received personal compensation in an editorial capacity for Journal Watch Neurology.
Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia induces temporal and occipital lobe seizures

To examine the origin of seizures induced by severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, The EEG characteristics of seizures were analyzed in newborns with and without severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the specificity. In total, 931 patients had a total serum bilirubin (TSB) level of 340–425 μmol/L, only 2 of whom had seizures. Compared to patients with hyperbilirubinemia and a TSB level of 340–425 μmol/L, those with a TSB level >425 μmol/L had a significant risk of seizure (OR = 213.2, 95% CI = 113.0–405.8, P<0.001). Of all 28 patients with severe hyperbilirubinemia and seizure, 26 had seizures that originated in the temporal and/or occipital lobe. In seizure patients without severe hyperbilirubinemia, origination in the temporal/occipital and other lobes occurred in 19 and 117 cases, respectively. Compared to the risk of seizure origination in the temporal and/or occipital lobe in other diseases, the risk in patients with severe hyperbilirubinemia was increased by approximately 80 times (OR = 80.1, 95% CI = 28.3–226.4, P<0.001). Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can selectively induce temporal and occipital lobe seizures. This is the first report of a new syndrome with the same etiology and electrophysiological features as epilepsy.
Glutathione-sensitive hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery.

Tunable glutathione (GSH)-sensitive hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSiO2 NPs) were developed using a structural difference-based selective etching strategy. These organosilica hollow nanoparticles contained disulfide linkages (S-S) in the outer shell which were degraded by GSH. The particles were compared with their nonGSH-sensitive tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) HMSiO2 counterparts in terms of their synthesis method, characterization, doxorubicin (DOX) release profile, and in vitro cytotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the particles indicated that the fabricated HMSiO2 NPs had an average diameter of 130 ± 5 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that GSH-sensitive particles had approximately 5.3% more weight loss than TEOS HMSiO2 NPs. Zeta potential of these redox-responsive particles was -23 ± 1 mV at pH 6 in deionized (DI) water. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm revealed that the surface area of the hollow mesoporous nanoreservoirs was roughly 446 ± 6 m2 g-1 and the average diameter of the pores was 2.3 ± 0.5 nm. TEM images suggest that the nanoparticles started to lose mass integrity from Day 1. The particles showed a high loading capacity for DOX (8.9 ± 0.5%) as a model drug, due to the large voids existing in the hollow structures. Approximately 58% of the incorporated DOX released within 14 days in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 6 and in the presence of 10 mM of GSH, mimicking intracellular tumor microenvironment while release from TEOS HMSiO2 NPs was only c.a. 18%. The uptake of these hollow nanospheres by MCF-7 cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages was evaluated using TEM and confocal microscopy. The nanospheres were shown to accumulate in the endolysosomal compartments after incubation for 24 h with the maximum uptake of c.a. 2.1 ± 0.3% and 5.2 ± 0.4%, respectively. Cytotoxicity of the nanospheres was investigated using CCK-8 assay. Results indicate that intact hollow particles (both GSH-sensitive and TEOS HMSiO2 NPs) were nontoxic to MCF-7 cells after incubation for 24 h within the concentration range of 0-1000 μg ml-1. DOX-loaded GSH-sensitive nanospheres containing 6 μg ml-1 of DOX killed c.a. 51% of MCF-7 cells after 24 h while TEOS HMSiO2 NPs killed c.a. 20% with the difference being statistically significant. Finally, cytotoxicity data in RAW 264.7 macrophages and NIH 3 T3 fibroblasts shows that intact GSH-sensitive HMSiO2 NPs did not show any toxic effects on these cells with the concentrations equal or <125 μg ml-1.
Relativistic and radiative corrections to the dynamic Stark shift: Gauge invariance and transition currents in the velocity gauge

We investigate the gauge invariance of the dynamic (ac) Stark shift under ``hybrid'' gauge transformations from the ``length'' ($\stackrel{P\vec}{E}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{P\vec}{r}$) to the ``velocity'' ($\stackrel{P\vec}{A}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{P\vec}{p}$) gauge. By a ``hybrid'' gauge transformation, we understand a transformation in which the scalar and vector potentials are modified, but the wave function remains unaltered. The gauge invariance of the leading term is well known, while we here show that gauge invariance under perturbations holds only if one takes into account an additional correction to the transition current, which persists only in the velocity gauge. We find a general expression for this current, and apply the formalism to radiative and relativistic corrections to the dynamic Stark effect, which is described by the sum of two polarizability matrix elements.