cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Mold-base Part Design Using Neural Networks*

Abstract An intelligent hybrid system architecture is proposed for the design of plastic parts. To facilitate the concept of concurrent engineering, an object-oriented design environment is recommended. Problems with previous intelligent design systems are discussed. Using neural networks in conjunction with expert systems may provide the route to a more flexible design space. The necessary architecture to achieve these goals is described. A working model of the system was created. This model is discussed in detail.
Damage-Mitigating Control of Aging Power Plants for Life Extension and Performance Enhancement

Abstract This paper addresses life extension and performance enhancement of aging fossil power plants under a variety of operational modes such as load following, start-up and scheduled shutdown. The key idea is to synthesize a feedforward control policy via optimization of a multi-objective cost functional of plant performance and service life under the constraints of plant dynamics, actuator saturation, operational limitations, and allowable structural damage. Specifically, this control policy is generated via nonlinear programming as a trade-off between the plant performance and equipment life in which the process variables are constrained to limit the structural damage of the critical plant components. Structural damage is calculated via nonlinear dynamic models of fatigue and creep based on the physics of the material degradation occurring in critical components of the power plant.
Why Shrinking Cities Are Not Mirror Images of Growing Cities: A Research Agenda of Six Testable Propositions:

I advance six propositions regarding the features of urban decline processes that distinguish them from those in growing cities. First, they are demographically selective, as population losses are ...
Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies with cellblock preparation have become a primary modality to achieve a definitive diagnosis of a mass-like lesion of the thyroid. This chapter delineated cytologic and histologic features of common and rare neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions of the thyroid. The newly introduced Bethesda System for Classification of Thyroid Lesions was applied. The utilities and pitfalls of commonly used diagnostic immunohistochemical (IHC) stains such as TROP2, CK19, HBME1, galectin 3, and PAX8, and small diagnostic IHC panels were described. Multiple challenging and yet practical cases at the end of the chapter were used to reemphasize important points illustrated throughout the chapter.
Bison Increase the Growth and Reproduction of Forbs in Tallgrass Prairie

Abstract Grazers may increase grassland plant species diversity through mechanisms such as selective consumption of graminoids resulting in release from competition in subordinate forb species, or the enhancement of small-scale habitat heterogeneity. This study tested the hypothesis bison on tallgrass prairie reduce local plant competition and increase the growth, reproduction, abundance, and diversity of forbs. In addition, because grazers, fire, and other drivers result in high spatio-temporal variation in limiting plant resources in tallgrass prairie, we tested the hypothesis that prairie forbs show high phenotypic plasticity in life history traits in response to large grazers. The growth, reproduction, biomass allocation, and abundances of six common perennial forb species, and estimates of local neighborhood and physical environmental factors were compared in replicate tallgrass prairie sites with and without bison. Greater light availability and percent bare ground; and lower grass canopy density, h...
Mechanistic Effects of Water on the Fe-Catalyzed Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenol. The Role of Brønsted Acid Sites

A mechanistic understanding of the roles of water is essential for developing highly active and selective catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reactions because water is ubiquitous in such reaction systems. Here we present a study for phenol HDO on Fe catalysts using density functional theory which examines the effect of water on three elementary pathways for phenol HDO using an explicit solvation model. The presence of water is found to significantly decrease activation barriers required by hydrogenation reactions via two pathways. First, proton transfer in the hydrogen bonding network of the liquid water phase is nearly barrierless, which significantly promotes the direct tautomerization of phenol. Second, due to the high degree of oxophilicity on Fe, liquid water molecules are found to be easily dissociated into surface hydroxyl groups that can act as Bronsted acid sites. These sites dramatically promote hydrogenation reactions on the Fe surface. As a result, hydrogen-assisted dehydroxylation becomes...
CT evaluation of the renal donor and recipient

Proper pre- and post-transplant diagnostic imaging work-up is fundamental in ensuring a successful outcome for renal transplantation. Despite exposure to ionizing radiation, CT has high spatial resolution and is a widely available and fast imaging technique. CT is performed routinely to delineate the anatomy of the kidney, relevant vasculature, and urinary collecting system in the living donor, to assess the iliac vessels in potential recipients prior to surgery, and to assess early and late-term post-transplant complications. The purpose of this article is to outline the optimal CT protocol and the main reportable findings for both the donor and the recipient diagnostic imaging work-up as well as to point out the main issues regarding ionizing radiation exposure and contrast medium injection in these subjects.
A Multi-Theory Approach to Managing Knowledge Assets: The Case of Complex Professional Human Service Organizations

A multi-theory framework is offered for guiding managerial decision making in complex professional human service organizations; a growing segment of the economy for which the ability to proactively...
Performance comparison of AES-GCM-SIV and AES-GCM algorithms for authenticated encryption on FPGA platforms

Authenticated encryption schemes achieve both authentication and encryption in one algorithm and are a must for ensuring security of devices today. In this regard, we investigate architectures for a recently proposed algorithm, AES-GCM-SIV, which achieves complete nonce-misuse resistance. We present detailed architectures for AES-GCM-SIV and contrast with that of an existing standard, AES-GCM. We use modern FPGA platforms for our implementation and discuss the hardware performance in terms of area, throughput, power and energy. Proposed optimizations are implemented and compared with unoptimized architectures. Our observations show that AES-GCM-SIV is able to achieve about 95% of the performance of AES-GCM in terms of throughput while consuming only about 4% more area in terms of LUT count and energy per bit. For this added overhead, it provides better security in terms of nonce-misuse resistance and greater flexibility with respect to reusability of main components of AES-GCM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper which discusses a hardware implementation of AES-GCM-SIV.
Ambivalence over emotional expression and perceived social constraints as moderators of relaxation training and emotional awareness and expression training for irritable bowel syndrome.

Abstract Objective Psychological treatments are generally beneficial for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but patients' responses vary. A prior randomized controlled trial found that both relaxation training (RT) and emotional awareness and expression training (EAET) were superior to a waitlist control condition for IBS symptoms, quality of life, depression, and anxiety among IBS patients (Thakur et al., 2017). Method We conducted secondary analyses on these data to examine potential moderators of treatment outcomes. Baseline measures of patients' ambivalence over emotional expression and perceived social constraints, which have been hypothesized to influence some treatments, were tested as possible moderators of the effects of RT and EAET, compared to the control condition. Results Results indicated that these variables moderated the effects of RT but not EAET. The benefits of RT occurred for patients who reported higher ambivalence over emotional expression or perceived social constraints, whereas the benefits of EAET were not influenced by these factors. Conclusion These findings suggest that RT might be particularly helpful for people who tend to avoid emotional disclosure and expression, supporting the possible benefit of targeting treatments to patient characteristics and preferences, whereas EAET might be helpful for a broader range of patients with IBS.
Hemolytically active components from P. parvum and G. breve toxins.

Abstract Hemolytically active fractions were isolated from the toxins produced by the red-tide dinoflagellate Gymnodinium breve (GBTX) and the chrysomonad Prymnesium parvum (PPTX). High pressure liquid chromatography through bonded phase (ODS) silica columns using a gradient of methanol in chloroform yielded 6 major fractions from GBTX, 3 of which were hemolytic (HD 50 =0.3−0.56 μg ·ml −1 ). None were ichthyotoxic. Of the 6 fractions obtained from PPTX, 4 were hemolytic (HD 50 =0.013−2.8 μg ·ml −1 ) but only one (fraction 6) was ichthyotoxic. This fraction was ∼ 2000 times more hemolytic than the crude PPTX (HD 50 =33.2 μg ·ml −1 ). Analysis of their UV spectra indicates that the fractions within each group are closely related.
Lazy explanation-based learning: a solution to the intractable theory problem

Explanation-Based Learning (EBL) depends on the ability of a system to explain to itself, based on the domain theory, that a given training example is a member of the target concept. However, in many complex domains it is often intractable to do this. In this paper I introduce a learning technique called Lazy Explanation-Based Learning as a solution to the problem of intractable explanation process in EBL. This technique is based on the idea that when the domain theory is intractable, it is possible to learn by generalizing incomplete explanations and incrementally refining the over-general knowledge thus learned when met with unexpected plan failures. I describe a program that incrementally learns planning knowledge in game domains through Lazy Explanation-Based Learning. I present both empirical and theoretical evidence for the viability of Lazy Explanation-Based Learning.
Lp-KOROVKIN TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR POSITIVE LINEAR OPERATORS

The author, in recent years, has produced several quantitative type of results for estimating the rate of convergence of a sequence of positive linear operators to the unit. These involve the modulus of continuity of the associated function or its derivative of certain order, and they are pointwise Korovkin type inequalities, most of them sharp. Using these inequalities, we are able to produce a great variety of general L p (1≤p≤+∞) analogs, covering most of the expected cases of the convergence of positive linear operators with rates to the unit. In the same inequality we achieve to combine different L p -norms.
Glutamatergic Neuroplasticity in Addiction

Abstract Identifying the neurobiological substrates of drug seeking is an important precursor to permit the development of effective pharmacotherapies targeting drug-induced neuroadaptations. Animal models of addiction have been widely used to investigate the maladaptive neuroadaptations that mediate prolonged and persistent drug-seeking. Preclinical studies have implicated glutamatergic neuroplasticity in addiction [with specific importance placed on the role of the nucleus accumbens (NA)]. Alterations in the glutamate neurotransmitter system as a consequence of repeated drug administration have been strongly implicated in the protracted seeking of several drugs of abuse including cocaine, nicotine, opiates, and ethanol. Here we will focus on the significant body of work that examines the role of glutamatergic neuroadaptations in mediating drug seeking (relapse) after weeks to months of drug abstinence. In the sections below, we focus on the most commonly used animal paradigms that model relapse of drug seeking, highlighting findings that have the greatest translational potential for human addiction therapy. We will discuss how several drugs of abuse can affect mechanisms of glutamate homeostasis, largely within the NA. Candidates for pharmacological manipulation will be discussed in light of their potential for translation. Finally, we will review the clinical research that investigates glutamatergic neuroplasticity in human addicts.
Disconnects in Megaregional Freight Planning Are Holding Back the Louisiana Gulf Coast

The megaregion has emerged as the preferred unit of analysis for freight transportation and global trade. In the United States, trade and transportation barriers of state boundaries can impede the ...
A Challenging Diagnosis of Ascites: A Case Report of Peritoneal Tuberculosis

Approximately 2 billion people, which is about one third of the world's population, are infected with tuberculosis (TB). Around 10% of infected people will develop active TB at one point in their lifetime. We present a rare case of a 68-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with a 2-week progressive dyspnea. In addition, the patient complained of generalized weakness, subjective fevers, and abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. Ascites was noted on physical exam, and the patient underwent a diagnostic paracentesis with initial workup that was unrevealing for underlying etiology. Abdominal computed tomography was done, which revealed peritoneal carcinomatosis. He underwent omental biopsy which showed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with rare acid-fast bacilli. Repeat biopsy was culture positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The patient was started on rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol with improvement of his symptoms days after treatment was started. This case demonstrates how the diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis can be elusive. Physicians must be aware of this disease and its behavior in high risk patients, also of the current diagnostic limitations.
Report of Committee on Glaciers, 1935-36

The membership of the Committee remains the same as stated in the Transactions of the 15th Annual Meeting, except that Kenneth N. Phillips has taken the place of Carl P. Richards, as representative of the Mazamas, of Portland, Oregon. The Committee submits the following report on the variations of glaciers in the continental United States and Alaska for 1935 or, more precisely, for the 12-month period from the autumn of 1934 to the autumn of 1935.
Empowerment through POMA: How conference proceedings help students publish

When it comes to publishing research results in a thesis or journal article, a disconnect between advisor expectations and student abilities and motivation can be a source of frustration, fear, and deteriorated relationships. Publishing in conference publications, including Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics (POMA), represents an opportunity to bridge this gap. This presentation describes several benefits of publishing in conference proceedings, how to use POMA as a springboard, and some suggestions to help students and advisors overcome the barriers to publication.When it comes to publishing research results in a thesis or journal article, a disconnect between advisor expectations and student abilities and motivation can be a source of frustration, fear, and deteriorated relationships. Publishing in conference publications, including Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics (POMA), represents an opportunity to bridge this gap. This presentation describes several benefits of publishing in conference proceedings, how to use POMA as a springboard, and some suggestions to help students and advisors overcome the barriers to publication.
Interneurons Regulate Locomotion Quiescence via Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling During Stress-Induced Sleep in Caenorhabditis elegans

Sleep is evolutionarily conserved, thus studying simple invertebrates such as Caenorhabditis elegans can provide mechanistic insight into sleep with single cell resolution. A conserved pathway regulating sleep across phylogeny involves cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), a ubiquitous second messenger that functions in neurons by activating protein kinase A. C. elegans sleep in response to cellular stress caused by environmental insults [stress-induced sleep (SIS)], a model for studying sleep during sickness. SIS is controlled by simple neural circuitry, thus allowing for cellular dissection of cAMP signaling during sleep. We employed a red-light activated adenylyl cyclase, IlaC22, to identify cells involved in SIS regulation. We found that pan-neuronal activation of IlaC22 disrupts SIS through mechanisms independent of the cAMP response element binding protein. Activating IlaC22 in the single DVA interneuron, the paired RIF interneurons, and in the CEPsh glia identified these cells as wake-promoting. Using a cAMP biosensor, epac1-camps, we found that cAMP is decreased in the RIF and DVA interneurons by neuropeptidergic signaling from the ALA neuron. Ectopic overexpression of sleep-promoting neuropeptides coded by flp-13 and flp-24, released from the ALA, reduced cAMP in the DVA and RIFs, respectively. Overexpression of the wake-promoting neuropeptides coded by pdf-1 increased cAMP levels in the RIFs. Using a combination of optogenetic manipulation and in vivo imaging of cAMP we have identified wake-promoting neurons downstream of the neuropeptidergic output of the ALA. Our data suggest that sleep- and wake-promoting neuropeptides signal to reduce and heighten cAMP levels during sleep, respectively.
Outcomes of Patients Receiving Inotropes for Palliative Indication versus as a Bridge to Surgical Therapy

Introduction Use of long-term, continuous intravenous inotropic support (CIIS) has increased in prevalence over the past decade. Published evidence indicates that CIIS improves NYHA functional class but does not impact survival. Robust data regarding clinical outcomes of patients receiving inotropic support for palliative indication (i.e. not being considered for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) or orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT)) are lacking. Objective Describe the outcomes of patients receiving CIIS for palliative indication versus as a bridge to surgical therapy, including length of use, mortality, and referral to palliative care and/or hospice. Methods With institutional review board approval, we conducted a retrospective cohort study examining outcomes in patients discharged from an urban, tertiary-care, academic hospital on CIIS between 2010 and 2016. Patients were stratified by indication for initiation of inotropic support. Electronic health record review was conducted to abstract patient demographics, clinical characteristics, duration of inotrope use, reason for CIIS discontinuation, and composite end-point of hospice referral or death at the end of the study period. Results We identified 380 patients (24.7% female; 66% African American) who were discharged on CIIS during the study period. Average age of the study participants was 59.2 +/14.5 years. Thirty-two percent of patients had ischemic cardiomyopathy, 66% had nonischemic cardiomyopathy, 4% had mixed-etiology cardiomyopathy. All patients had stage D HFrEF, with mean ejection fraction of 19.4% +/- 4.5%. Of these, 129 patients (34%) were receiving CIIS for palliative indication, and the remaining 251 patients (66%) as a bridge to definitive surgical therapy (MCS or OHT). Of patients receiving CIIS for palliative indication, the mean length of use was 202 +/- 214 days, with a composite end-point of hospice referral or death occurring in n=122 (95%). The majority of patients receiving inotropes for palliative indication n=92 (71%) received a palliative care consult and were referred to hospice n=79 (61%). Of patients receiving CIIS as a bridge to surgical therapy, 151 (62.5%) received MCS/OHT and 51 (20.3%) died prior to receiving surgical therapy, with lower rates of referral to palliative care (n=24 or 47%) and hospice (n=13 or 25%). Conclusions In this large, racially diverse sample of patients, those receiving CIIS for palliative indication lived on average for about 6.5 months, though with a large variation between patients. Patients who are initiated on CIIS as bridge to surgical therapy have a high mortality while awaiting surgical therapy, but are less likely to receive palliative care and hospice services.
Predicting Structural Properties of Cortical Bone by Combining Ultrasonic Attenuation and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN): 2-D FDTD Study.

The goal of this paper is to predict the micro-architectural parameters of cortical bone such as pore diameter (ϕ) and porosity (ν) from ultrasound attenuation measurements using an artificial neural network (ANN). Slices from a 3-D CT scan of human femur are obtained. The micro-architectural parameters of porosity such as average pore size and porosity are calculated using image processing. When ultrasound waves propagate in porous structures, attenuation is observed due to scattering. Two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations are carried out to obtain frequency dependent attenuation in those 2D structures. An artificial neural network (ANN) is then trained with the input feature vector as the frequency dependent attenuation and output as pore diameter (ϕ) and porosity (ν). The ANN is composed of one input layer, 3 hidden layers and one output layer, all of which are fully connected. 340 attenuation data sets were acquired and trained over 2000 epochs with a batch size of 32. Data was split into train, validation and test. It was observed that the ANN predicted the micro-architectural parameters of the cortical bone with high accuracies and low losses with a minimum R2 (goodness of fit) value of 0.95. ANN approaches could potentially help inform the solution of inverse-problems to retrieve bone porosity from ultrasound measurements. Ultimately, those inverse-problems could be used for the non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of osteoporosis.
Mechanism of Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Conductivity in AgSbSe2

Research was done on electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of AgSbSe2 in the temperature range of 80–330 K. It was demonstrated that charge transfer in AgSbSe2 is carried out by means of hopping conductivity of carriers over localized states. The localized state radius and densities of localized states at the Fermi level were calculated. It was demonstrated that high defectiveness of AgSbSe2 leads to the low value of lattice thermal conductivity.
Improved Survival after Repeat Lung Transplantation at Cystic Fibrosis Care Centers

Purpose Patients who undergo repeat lung transplantation (LT) are at high risk for perioperative complications. The complexity of their care requires specialized multidisciplinary collaboration, particularly among people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Since 1961, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation has established a network of accredited Cystic Fibrosis Care Centers (CFCCs) dedicated to the treatment of people with CF, including LT. We hypothesize that patients undergoing repeat lung transplantation at CFCCs will have improved postoperative outcomes compared to those at non-CFCC centers. Methods Using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we identified adults with cystic fibrosis who received a repeat LT at a CFCC between 2005 and 2018. We compared clinical, demographic, and donor characteristics between groups. We then used multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling to compare graft survival (defined as freedom from death, graft failure, or further retransplantation) in people with CF treated at CFCCs and non-CFCC centers during the study period. Results Our cohort included 303 people with CF who underwent repeat LT from 2005-2018. Median age at repeat transplantation was 30 years (SD 8) and 50% were male. During 877 person-years of observation, 159 (53%) patients died, 7 (2%) underwent another transplant, and 4 (1%) were lost to follow-up. In a multivariable model, graft survival was significantly improved at CFCC centers compared to non-CFCCs (adjusted HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.94). Median survival was 4.2 years among people treated at CFCCs and 2.8 years among those treated at non-CFCCs. Conclusion In people with CF, repeat LT at CFCCs is associated with improved graft and overall survival compared to repeat LT at non-CFCCs. Treatment at a CFCC provides specialized, multidisciplinary care for people with CF and can lead to improved outcomes even among high acuity patient subgroups.
Stellate-Cell Lipidosis in Liver Biopsy Specimens

Hepatic stellate-cell lipidosis due to hypervitaminosis A can lead to cirrhosis, which can be averted by restricting vitamin A intake. Other causes, including the use of synthetic retinoids, have been postulated. We studied the frequency and etiology of stellate-cell lipidosis in patients undergoing liver biopsy for reasons other than vitamin A abuse. Fourteen cases (1.1%) were identified retrospectively among 1,235 nontransplant liver biopsy specimens examined from January 1995 through December 1999. Diagnostic criteria included the following: lipid-laden cells in the space of Disse; small, dark, crescent-shaped nuclei with inconspicuous nucleoli; and wispy cytoplasmic strands separating fat droplets. Patient details, reason for biopsy, and medication use were studied. Reasons for biopsy included hepatitis C (10 cases), abnormal liver enzyme levels (2 cases), methotrexate use (1 case), and alcohol abuse (1 case). Hypervitaminosis A was not suspected clinically in the 5 patients who used oral vitamin A or 3 who used topical tretinoin (Retin-A). In 6 patients, no cause of stellate-cell lipidosis was discerned. Stellate-cell lipidosis should be reported to alert clinicians to a potentially preventable form of liver injury.
Suspicion of Cervical or Uterine Pathology in Patients with a Distorted Cervix: Case Series

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present a case series of surgeries performed for patients with distorted cervical anatomy and suspected cervical and/or endometrial pathology. Currently, ...
DNA methylation in former extremely low birth weight newborns: association with cardiovascular and endocrine function.

Background There is increased risk of cardiovascular, metabolic, and hypertensive disorders in later life in the preterm population. We studied school-age children who had been born extremely premature who had undergone endocrine, cardiovascular, and anthropometric evaluations. Methods School age measurements of salivary cortisol, adrenal androgens, blood pressure, and anthropometric markers were correlated with DNA methylation of 11-betahydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11BHSD2), leptin, and the LINE1 repetitive DNA element. Results We observed a modest correlation between log AUC for salivary cortisol and methylation of leptin in preterm infants and a negative correlation between methylation of region 1 of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR in term-born infants. There was an association between LINE1 methylation and cortisol response to awakening and a negative correlation between LINE1 and systolic blood pressure at 6-7 years. Methylation of the GR promoter region showed a positive association with systolic blood pressure at 6-7 years of age. Conclusions These results show that extremely preterm birth, followed by complex patterns of endocrine, cardiovascular, and metabolic exposures during early postnatal life, is associated with lasting changes in DNA methylation patterns in genes involved in hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis function, adrenal hormonal regulation, and cardiometabolic risk. Impact Preterm infants have significant environmental and physiological exposures during early life that may have lasting impact on later function. Alterations in hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) function have been associated with these exposures. We examined the associated changes in DNA methylation of important genes involved in HPA function, metabolism, and global DNA methylation. The changes we saw in DNA methylation may help to explain associated cardiovascular, metabolic, and growth disturbance in these children in later life.
The Drivers of Successful Regional Expansion in Latin America: A Historical Analysis of Beachhead Choice, Country Sequence and Regional Knowledge

Research that examines beachhead choice and speed of expansion in the context of a regional entry strategy is absent in international business literature. To address this gap, we developed a three-part model of country-by-country expansion and applied it to a uniquely compiled dataset of foreign firms that entered various Latin American countries between 1990 and 2005. We found that a firm’s regional speed and performance in Latin America were sensitive to its beachhead choice and its sequential expansion path. The implication is that managers should weigh the regional knowledge a country provides when selecting a beachhead for regional expansion.
Transonic Solutions of the Euler Equations by the Finite Volume Method

Relaxation procedures for solving steady irrotational transonic flow have become well established. After their initial success of treating small disturbance theory [1] with a uniform Cartesian mesh, they have progressed to dealing with the full transonic potential equation using conformally mapped body coordinates along with a rotated iterative difference scheme to carry out the solution [2]. These methods now solve two- or three-dimensional flows with either a subsonic or supersonic free stream very effectively. Two features common to all these methods are: (1) the numerical differencing technique changes its character, depending on whether the flow is locally subsonic or supersonic, with supersonic differencing generally being first order; and (2) shock waves form automatically and are spread over a few mesh widths. All of these techniques share two essential assumptions: the flow must be steady and irrotational; and the latter restricts flows to M < 1. 3.
Active feedback real time MPI control software

Real-time MPI [1] has the potential to serve as a noninvasive alternative to X-ray angiography. In order to achieve real time MPI, we must (a.) generate vector-drive field waveforms at a location governed in real time by the physician, (b.) acquire the MPI image data in real time, (c.) reconstruct the MPI images in real time. We have designed our MPI data acquisition and control (DAQ) to enable all these steps in real time.
Corona discharge under supercritical conditions

Summary form only given. Generation of non-thermal discharge in supercritical fluid environment is considered difficult due to high pressures and temperatures of the critical points of the fluids. This arises form Paschen's law that suggests that increasing the process pressure leads to increase in the voltage required for plasma generation and, therefore, to enhanced operational cost. We have studied generation of corona discharge under supercritical fluid conditions near the critical point. The required voltage for this process is three times lower than the Paschen's law prediction due to extensive cluster formation under the investigated conditions. However, there is a need of further investigation of the dependence of the breakdown voltage on the temperature and pressure of the supercritical fluid, so that this new process-generation of plasma under supercritical fluid conditions can be used for material science and pollutant removal applications. This promising new technology offers combination of the advantages of supercritical fluids as a unique reaction media due to its heterogeneous chemistry, enhanced heat and mass transfer with the benefits of the high energetic plasma state that is characterized with fast chemical reactions and high selectivity.
B7 family molecules as regulators of the maternal immune system in pregnancy

Placental and fetal growth and development are associated with chronic exposure of the maternal immune system to fetally derived, paternally inherited antigens. Because maternal lymphocytes are aware of fetal antigens, active tolerance mechanisms are required to ensure unperturbed progression of pregnancy and delivery of a healthy newborn. These mechanisms of tolerance may include deletion, receptor downregulation, and anergy of fetal antigen-specific cells in lymphoid tissues, as well as regulation at the maternal-fetal interface by a variety of locally expressed immunoregulatory molecules. The B7 family of costimulatory molecules comprises one group of immunoregulatory molecules present in the decidua and placenta. B7 family members mediate both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on T-cell activation and effector functions and may play a critical role in maintaining tolerance to the fetus. Here, we review the known functions of the B7 family proteins in pregnancy.
Momma's Embedded Advice: The Relationship Between Mother–Daughter Marriage Narratives and Daughters’ Marital Satisfaction

Previous research alleges mothers use storytelling and oral histories to educate and socialize daughters on a myriad of topics, including marriage. This study advances this area of inquiry by examining how advice embedded in mothers’ marriage narratives enhances daughters’ marital satisfaction. Findings suggest per the daughters’ recalled narratives that (a) mothers openly share marital experiences, (b) mothers’ marriage narratives reflect nine dominant themes, (c) sharing advice embedded in marriage narratives positively predicts daughters having affectionate and sexually satisfying marriages, and (d) daughters who follow advice embedded in their mothers’ narratives have higher overall marital satisfaction. These findings lend support to the importance of open mother–daughter communication.
INHALANT USE, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND HELP-SEEKING AMONG RURAL SOUTH TEXAS COMMUNITY YOUTH

Little to no attention has been focused on inhalant using youths' social support and help seeking networks however. Since the 1950s, the use of inhalants by inner city Mexican American (M/A) youths has prompted serious attention both within and without larger MIA communities. This self-report study describes the responses of 614 sixth to twelfth grade South Texas students. The results disclose that M/As report lower levels of social support and help seeking than do Anglos. Both inhalant using and non-using youth report high levels of parental support, and both indicate considerable difficulties in talking about their problems to others. Finally, both groups indicate are reluctance, unwillingness or inability to tum to any of eight help sources listed for problems in general, and an even greater reluctance concerning problems with drugs or alcohol. Yet users were more likely than non-users to report greater difficulty discussing their problems and were more likely than non-users to do nothing about their problems, or to tum to none for help. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
The classical capacity achievable by a quantum channel assisted by a limited entanglement

We give the trade-off curve showing the capacity of a quantum channel as a function of the amount of entanglement used by the sender and receiver for transmitting information. The endpoints of this curve are given by the Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland capacity formula and the entanglement-assisted capacity, which is the maximum over all input density matrices of the quantum mutual information. The proof we give is based on the Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland formula, and also gives a new and simpler proof for the entanglement-assisted capacity formula.
Reaching 30 Million People to Prevent Abuse and Neglect of the Elderly:: AARP's Strategy for Public Self-Education

The need to educate the public about the manifestations, causes, methods of intervention, and strategies for prevention of domestic mistreatment of the elderly has been a priority of AARP for over a decade. Reaching 30 million members, however, has required the development of an approach that is appropriate for older adult learners. This paper describes the development, field testing, and theoretical context of a "synergogical" exercise that enables adult learners to be introduced to the issues of domestic abuse and neglect of the elderly.
PAT Program Report

(1997). PAT Program Report. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal: Vol. 58, No. 9, pp. 633-635.
Automating security configuration and administration: an access control perspective

Access control facilitates controlled sharing and protection of resources in an enterprise. When correctly implemented and administered, it is effective in providing security. However, in many cases, there is a belief on the part of the consumers that security requirements can be met by simply acquiring and installing a product. Unfortunately, since the security requirements of each organization are different, there is no single tool (or even any meaningful set of tools) that can be readily employed. Independent of the specific policy adopted, such as discretionary access control or role-based access control, most organizations today perform permission assignment to its entities on a more or less ad-hoc basis. Permissions assigned to entities are poorly documented, and not understood in their entirety. Such lack of system administrators awareness of comprehensive view of total permissions of an entity on all systems results in an ever growing set of permissions leading to misconfigurations such as under privileges, violation of the least privilege requirement (i.e., over authorization), and expensive security administration. In this talk, we examine the problem of automated security configuration and administration. This is a tough area of research since many of the underlying problems are NP-hard and it is difficult to find solutions that work with reasonable performance without trading-off accuracy. To address this, usable security mechanisms must be developed by employing novel methodologies and tools from other areas of research that have a strong theoretical basis. We discuss some of the existing work that addresses this and lay out future problems and challenges.
Microwave band gaps produced by varying numbers of mushroom metamaterial cells

Surface wave transmission at X-band frequencies through mushroom metamaterials was measured for different sizes of mushroom arrays fabricated on high-permittivity circuit boards. For arrays of width 1, 2, 3, and 26 cells, the band gap increased in frequency and depth as the number of cells increased. The maximum filtering effect was 22 dB. This study demonstrates the necessity of careful simulation or measurement to ensure that the desired band gap is achieved with finite band gap arrays.
Plant research accelerates along the (bio)informatics superhighway: symposium on plant sensing, response and adaptation to the environment.

The Keystone Symposium on Plant Sensing, Response and Adaptation to the Environment took place between 11 and 16 January 2009, at Big Sky, Montana, USA, and was organized by S.A. Kay & J. Chory. ![][1] See Glossary for abbreviations used in this article In spite of the fanfare surrounding the two‐hundredth anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin, and the one‐hundred and fiftieth anniversary of his most celebrated book ‘ On the Origin of Species ’ (Darwin, 1859), many people would still be surprised to learn that Darwin wrote a nearly 600 page book entitled ‘ The Power of Movement in Plants ’ (Darwin, 1880). As most plants have their location fixed as soon as their roots enter the soil, non‐specialists might wonder how much movement plants can make. However, movement is not limited to locomotion, and many of the movements studied by Darwin probably evolved in response to the unique challenges imposed by the rooted habit. Unable to change location, plants have developed exquisite abilities to sense, respond to and adapt to their local environment. One example that captured Darwin's attention is the navigation of the radicle (root) tip through the complex soil environment to optimize water and nutrient acquisition. He stated, “It is hardly an exaggeration to say that the tip of the radicle thus endowed, and having the power of directing the movements of the adjoining parts, acts like the brain of one of the lower animals[…].” These root‐growth movements were but one of many environmental responses discussed by plant biologists gathered at the recent Keystone Symposium on Plant Sensing, Response and Adaptation to the Environment. Root growth is controlled by gravity, water and nutrient acquisition; whereas growth of the aerial shoot is regulated primarily by the light environment. Various photoreceptors allow plants to judge light intensity, direction … [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Special Topics in Biology: Ecology of Greater Yellowstone

Special Topics in Biology: Ecology of Greater Yellowstone is a freshman level, non-majors biology course emphasizing basic ecological principles with specific application to the ecosystems found in Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks. This course is offered during Maymester at Oklahoma City University. The field portion of the course took place from May 22-31, 2012.
Iodine-125—Labeled Antibody to Viral Antigens: Binding to the Surface of Virus-Infected Cells

The specific binding of iodine-125-labeled antibody to viral antigens can be used to detect newly synthesized viral antigens and determine the time of appearance of these antigens on the surface of infected cells. Incubation of infected cells with unlabeled antibody to viral antigens specifically blocks the attachment of labeled antibody, and by this inhibition technique the titer of unlabeled antibody to viral antigens can be calculated. The attachment of the labeled antibody to virus-infected cells offers an objective and sensitive method of detecting viral antigens and measuring antibody to virus.
HPTLC Method for Determination of 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Sida rhombifolia L. and Dietary Supplements

Naturally occurring 20-hydroxyecdysone is an important anabolic ecdysteroid. A simple thin-layer chromatography method to quantitate 20-hydroxyecdysone in methanolic extract of the whole plant material of Sida rhombifolia L. was developed. This method was successfully applied for quantitative evaluation of dietary supplements. The separation was achieved on glass TLC plates coated with silica gel 60F254, using chloroform: methanol (8:2 v/v) as developing solvent. Densitometric evaluation of 20-hydroxyecdysone was performed at 250 nm in reflectance/absorbance mode. The calibration was in the range of 200–1,000 ng spot−1 and correlation coefficient for the calibration curve was >0.999. In addition, for six different Sida species unique fingerprints were obtained on the HPTLC plate.
Drag and mass transfer in non-newtonian flows through multi-particle systems at low reynolds numbers

Abstract An approximate solution for the motion of an assemblage of solid spheres moving through a power-law fluid at low Reynolds numbers is obtained using Hap The theoretical predictions based on Kuwabara's zero-vorticity cell model are very similar to those based on Happel's model. An approximation technique
Parental involvement and spousal satisfaction with division of early childcare in Turkish families with normal children and children with special needs

In this low‐income Turkish sample, parents reported on father and mother division of childcare labor and satisfaction with division. Regardless of whether they were rearing typical or atypical children, mothers reported a higher level of involvement than fathers in every domain of childcare. In general, both mothers and fathers reported slight dissatisfaction with their own level of participation in childcare. Across groups, all mothers were significantly more dissatisfied (than their spouses were with their level of participation) with the fathers’ level of participation in childcare. Best predictors of parental involvement were parent's employment status, satisfaction with partner level of involvement, and parent educational level.
Predictors of treatment outcome in sexually abused children.

Abstract Problem: This study evaluated the impact of child and family characteristics on treatment outcome of sexually abused children. Method: Forty-nine recently sexually abused 7- to 14-year-old children were randomly assigned to either abuse-focused cognitive behavioral therapy or nondirective supportive therapy, and assessed pre- and post-treatment using several standardized instruments. These included five measures of psychological symptomatology and four measures of child and family characteristics hypothesized to mediate treatment response. Correlational and multiple regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the impact of the following mediating factors on treatment outcome: Children’s abuse-related attributions and perceptions; family cohesion and adaptability; parental support of the child; and parental emotional reaction to the child’s abuse. Results: Children’s abuse-related attributions and perceptions and parental support of the child were strong predictors of treatment outcome in this population. Conclusions: Therapeutic attention to children’s sexual abuse-related attributions and to enhancing parental support may be important factors in optimizing treatment outcome in 8- to 14-year-old sexually abused children.
Thawing Prior to Cooking Affects Sensory, Shear Force, and Cooking Properties of Beef Patties

: Patties from 6 commercial formulations were cooked to 71°C from either the frozen state or after thawing for 24 to 27 h at 4 °C to eliminate the pink/red color exhibited when cooked to 71 °C from the frozen state. Thawed patties had shorter cooking times, higher cooking yields, and lower shear force peak load and peak energy values. Patties cooked from the thawed state increased in thickness during cooking, while patties cooked from the frozen state decreased in thickness during cooking. Thawing prior to cooking increased sensory evaluation scores except for patties made with carrageenan. Thawing not only eliminated the problem of pink/red color after cooking but also improved sensory, shear force, and cooking properties of beef patties.
Stimulatory Effect of Aminoglutethimide on Phenylethanolamine-N-methyl Transferase (PNMT)1

The administration of aminoglutethimide (AG) to rats and dogs significantly increased activity of phenylethanolamine-Nmethyl transferase in the adrenal. This stimulation occurred in spite of decreased adrenal and plasma corticosteroid levels. A significant stimulation was also noted in hypophysectomized rats treated with AG as well as in rats treated with large doses of dexamethasone. These findings suggest that the stimulatory effect of AG on PNMT is not mediated through the pituitary adrenal cortical axis. The increase in activity was noted as early as 24 hr after AG administration. No evidence of diurnal variation in this enzyme was demonstrated in rats. (Endocrinology 88: 384, 1971)