cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Quantitative proteomic analysis of mitochondrial proteins reveals prosurvival mechanisms in the perpetuation of radiation-induced genomic instability

Radiation-induced genomic instability is a well-studied phenomenon that is measured as mitotically heritable genetic alterations observed in the progeny of an irradiated cell. The mechanisms that perpetuate this instability are unclear; however, a role for chronic oxidative stress has consistently been demonstrated. In the chromosomally unstable LS12 cell line, oxidative stress and genomic instability were correlated with mitochondrial dysfunction. To clarify this mitochondrial dysfunction and gain insight into the mechanisms underlying radiation-induced genomic instability we have evaluated the mitochondrial subproteome and performed quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of LS12 cells. Of 98 quantified mitochondrial proteins, 17 met criteria for fold changes and reproducibility; and 11 were statistically significant in comparison with the stable parental GM10115 cell line. Previous observations implicated defects in the electron transport chain (ETC) in the LS12 cell mitochondrial dysfunction. Proteomic analysis supports these observations, demonstrating significantly reduced levels of mitochondrial cytochrome c, the intermediary between complexes III and IV of the ETC. Results also suggest that LS12 cells compensate for ETC dysfunction and oxidative stress through increased levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes and upregulation of proteins that protect against oxidative stress and apoptosis. More than one cellular defect is likely to contribute to the genomic instability phenotype, and evaluation of gene and microRNA expression suggests that epigenetics play a role in the phenotype. These data suggest that LS12 cells have adapted mechanisms that allow survival under suboptimal conditions of oxidative stress and compromised mitochondrial function to perpetuate genomic instability.
Neurocognitive differences between drivers with type 1 diabetes with and without a recent history of recurrent driving mishaps

Abstract Objective A subset of drivers with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) may be at significant risk for hypoglycemia-related driving collisions and moving vehicle violations due to acute and chronic neurocognitive impairment. The present study compared drivers with T1DM with and without a recent history of multiple driving mishaps on a neurocognitive battery during euglycemia, progressive mild hypoglycemia, and recovery from hypoglycemia, to determine whether neurocognitive measures differentiate the two risk groups. We hypothesized that drivers with a history of multiple recent hypoglycemia-related driving mishaps would demonstrate greater psychomotor slowing, both during hypoglycemia and euglycemia. Study design Participants were 42 adults with T1DM and were assigned to one of two groups: those reporting no driving mishaps in the last year (−History) and those reporting two or more (+History). Neurocognitive testing was conducted before and repeated during a hyper-insulinemic clamping procedure. Results Not surprisingly, all drivers demonstrated a decrease in functioning across all neurocognitive tasks during hypoglycemia. However, in contrast to the common belief that neurocognitive functions return slowly and gradually following hypoglycemia, baseline neurocognitive functioning immediately recovered upon return of BG to euglycemia for all subjects. Between-group analyses revealed that subjects with a recent history of driving mishaps consistently demonstrated poorer performance on tasks measuring working memory. Conclusion Working memory is a potential neurocognitive indicator that may help differentiate adults with T1DM with and without a history of driving mishaps, predict future risk for driving mishaps, and provide targeted intervention programs to address this critical public health issue.
The Transcriptional Activity of NF-κB Is Regulated by the IκB-Associated PKAc Subunit through a Cyclic AMP–Independent Mechanism

Stimulation of cells with inducers of NF-kappaB such as LPS and IL-1 leads to the degradation of IkappaB-alpha and IkappaB-beta proteins and translocation of NF-kappaB to the nucleus. We now demonstrate that, besides the physical partitioning of inactive NF-kappaB to the cytosol, the transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB is regulated through phosphorylation of NF-kappaB p65 by protein kinase A (PKA). The catalytic subunit of PKA (PKAc) is maintained in an inactive state through association with IkappaB-alpha or IkappaB-beta in an NF-kappaB-IkappaB-PKAc complex. Signals that cause the degradation of IkappaB result in activation of PKAc in a cAMP-independent manner and the subsequent phosphorylation of p65. Therefore, this pathway represents a novel mechanism for the cAMP-independent activation of PKA and the regulation of NF-kappaB activity.
Single-port laparoscopic colectomy

Single-port laparoscopy (SPL) for colorectal surgery was first described for a right hemicolectomy in 2008. Since then, technology and experience have advanced, and SPL is now reported for a variety of colorectal procedures. Multiple case series and reports have demonstrated the adequate safety of SPL, but there are few reports of a measurable benefit of the technique. SPL is a difficult procedure to learn, it may have relatively high costs, and it is more difficult to perform as well as more physically and mentally taxing on the surgeon. Despite the difficulty and potentially increased cost, SPL suits colorectal patients well as they commonly have a stoma or extraction site adequate in size for a single port. There are cosmetic advantages to this technique, but they apply to a small subset of patients requiring colorectal surgery. There are many tips to incorporate SPL into practice successfully, but the procedure requires patience and experience. As surgeons become more facile with this technique, a group that derives a clear benefit beyond cosmesis will arise, likely a subset of reoperative patients requiring fecal diversion. The accompanying video demonstrates, step by step, the authors’ technique of total proctocolectomy and ileo-anal pouch using a single-port device.
Epileptic encephalopathy in children possibly related to immune-mediated pathogenesis

Severe epilepsy in the paediatric population negatively influences neurological and cognitive development. Different etiological factors could be responsible of these severe epilepsies, and an early diagnosis could change, in some cases, the neurological and cognitive development. Immune mechanisms have been reported in epilepsy. Epilepsy has been associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, with the presence of anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL), anti-cardiolipin antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies, Beta2-glycoprotein antibodies, and anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) antibodies. CNS inflammation and markers of adaptive immunity have been, also, associated with some epileptic syndromes, such as West syndrome, temporal lobe epilepsy, febrile seizures, tonic-clonic seizures, and tuberous sclerosis. Inflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption could be one of the mechanisms responsible for seizure recurrence. Recently clinical entities, characterized by severe epilepsy with a febrile, acute or sub-acute onset, sometimes associated with status epilepticus, followed by drug-resistant, partial epilepsy have been described. Some of these publications also suggested acronyms for the condition described: Acute Encephalitis with Refractory, Repetitive Partial Seizures (AERRPS) reported by Japanese authors, Devastating Epileptic Encephalopathy in School-aged Children (DESC) reported by French authors. Among children with acquired symptomatic severe epilepsy, we identified a group of previously normal children who had developed severe partial epilepsy after an acute/sub-acute illness resembling encephalitis. The etiological factors for those patients seems to remain unknown, and a possible immune-mediating or inflammatory process as pathogenesis of the disease could be hypothesized. More studies need to be addressed to finally define this peculiar epileptic entity.
SU‐E‐T‐350: Three Year Analysis Using Ionization Chamber Array for Patient Specific IMRT QA

Purpose: To analyze the patient specific IMRT QA results at our institution over the past 3 years and evaluate the procedures and methods of our IMRT QA program. Methods: 1466 patient specific IMRT QAs were performed at our institution from March 2009 to December 2011. The passing criteria for each IMRT QA are that 90% of all evaluated points must have a gamma =1.0. The gamma is calculated using the TPS calculated planar dose as reference and the reference value is 90% of the maximum dose in the plane. A dose threshold of 10% is used in order to remove very low dose points from the calculation. The planar dose and the measurements are computed and obtained using the actual beam angles. The measurements were performed on Varian linacs equipped with Millennium 80, Millennium 120 and High‐Definition 120 MLC.Results: The IMRT QA results were analyzed with respect to the linac, treatment site, number of beams, IMRT vs. TOMO vs. VMAT, and number of control points. The overall average gamma index value was 96.85% (±1.5%). Head and Neck had the lowest gamma index (95.97%) while brain had the highest (97.85%). Conclusions: After evaluation of 700 patients, it can be determined that there are significant variations in the average measured gamma value based on treatment site, number of beams, machine type, and number of control points. This work provides a foundation for future analysis of possible underlying issues in the gamma value deviations for each comparison.
ALMOST DISTURBANCE DECOUPLING FOR NONLINEAR SYSTEMS VIA CONTINUOUS FEEDBACK

Abstract This paper addresses the problem of almost disturbance decoupling with internal stability (ADD) for inherently nonlinear systems with uncontrollable unstable linearization. Although achieving ADD in the sense of the L 2 –gain is usually impossible by smooth state feedback, we show that there exists a non-smooth but continuous state feedback control law, yielding a closed-loop system which is globally strongly stable in the absence of disturbance, and in the presence of disturbance, whose L 2 –gain between the disturbance input and the system output is less than or equal to an arbitrarily small number γ > 0. In contrast to the existing results in the literature, all the growth conditions imposed previously to achieve ADD via smooth state feedback are completely removed under this continuous feedback framework, enabling one to deal with a significantly larger class of nonlinear systems.
Estimation of target vibration spectra from laser radar backscatter using time-frequency distributions

A time-frequency distribution (TFD) signal processor, developed at the Applied Physics Laboratory, is currently under evaluation using simulated signals and actual laser vibration sensor (LVS) data that we collected on various ship targets. Preliminary results for one instantaneous frequency (IF) estimator implementation, the smoothed cross Wigner-Ville Distribution (XWVD), indicate 8 to 10 dB demodulation (CNR) advantage compared to a digital FM limiter-discriminator. A second approach, using the unsmoothed XWVD TFD, demonstrated a 3-5 dB advantage. Regarding spectral estimation, we are investigating performance of our reduced interference distribution (RID) implementation through comparison with the short-time Fourier transform (STFT). From the LVS data processed, indications are that a significant increase in spectral and temporal resolution exists using our RID approach. Our processor also provided improved detectability over the STFT for transient signals and short-lived sinusoids. Significant correlation between accepted acoustic lines and LVS-derived vibration lines are indicated. Details are presented that describe our signal simulation, the LVS measurements, and signal processing implementations along with assumptions based on measured speckle-induced amplitude modulation.
Extensive wetting due to roughness

Abstract Typically, a small mass of eutectic SnPb solder wets a copper surface and flows radially outward to form a hemispherical shape with a contact angle of approx. 15–20 deg. When a similar mass of solder wets a thick electroless copper coated substrate, rapid radial flow commences and surprising new effects occur. Thick coats of electroless copper have a nodular surface structure and spreading on it does not subside until all solder is consumed. When the nodular structure is wetted by solder a “coastline” with many nearby “islands” are defined. Photos of regions at the wetting front were taken in the backscatter imaging mode of an SEM. These images show that solder wets the valleys between the surface nodules forming a delicate, lacy arrangement. The geometry of this “coastal” solder structure is described as fractal-like having a dimension D = 1.38 making it similar to drying fronts and cloud configurations. The importance of surface roughness in wetting phenomena is discussed in the light of an extensive history on the subject. It is shown that for spontaneous flow, assisted by roughness, the surface geometry must consist of local angles that are larger than the equilibrium contact angle. Kinetics of the wetting process are demonstrated by image analysis of wetted area taken from videotaped experiments. These experimental kinetics are shown to be similar in form to flow in open channel capillaries.
Stimulation of division of density inhibited fibroblasts by glucocorticoids.

THE division of most “normal” cells in culture is inhibited after they have grown to a confluent monolayer. This is not the case with cells transformed either spontaneously or by tumour viruses1. Alterations of the surface membrane might be partly responsible for this uncontrolled growth2: for example, protease action at the surface of contact-inhibited cells causes them to divide3,4 and acquire surface properties characteristic of malignant cells, such as increased agglutinability by plant lectins5,6. Neuraminidase7 and hyaluronidase8 can also initiate division of contact-inhibited cells. Transformed cells contain abnormally large concentrations of proteases and glycosidases9,10 which are presumed to be lysosomal enzymes. Since cortisol stabilizes lysosomal membranes11, we decided to investigate its effect on the growth of cells not subject to density inhibition of division: we found very little effect on 3T6, L, polyoma-transformed 3T3 (Py3T3) and SV40-trans-formed 3T3 (SV3T3) cells. However, cortisol unexpectedly stimulated DNA synthesis and division of density-inhibited 3T3 cells. This stimulation was specific for cells subject to contact inhibition of division. Density-inhibited early passage diploid human foreskin fibroblasts (HF cells) were similarly stimulated by cortisol. In addition, the stimulation was specific for steroids with high levels of glucocorticoid activity. The stimulation appears to involve changes in the cell surface, for treated 3T3 cells were agglutinated to a greater degree by concanavalin A than control cells.
Approximations for Distributions of Scan Statistics

Abstract Certain statistical applications deal with the extremal distributions of the number of points in a moving interval or window of fixed length. This article gives an approximation that is highly accurate for several of these distributions. Applications include the maximum cluster of points on a line or circle, multiple coverage by subintervals or subarcs of fixed size, the length of the longest success run in Bernoulli trials, and the generalized birthday problem.
Absorption and retention of ingested strontium and calcium in beagles as a function of age.

INVESTIGATIONS of the metabolism of strontium and calcium in various species have shown that the two elements, though qualitatively similar, have distinct quantitative differences. The differential movement of strontium and calcium across physiological barriers is expressed by the term ‘Strontium–Calcium Observed Ratio’ (OR) and is given by: The ORbone-diet values for laboratory and domestic animals (cow, goat, sheep and rat) under usual dietary conditions range from 0.2 to 0.5 with most of the values at about 0.25 (refs. 1 and 2). Limited data for man suggest a range of 0.25–0.5 under different dietary and environmental conditions. Unfortunately, few data have been reported for the dog.
Disproportionation of Gold(II) Complexes. A Density Functional Study of Ligand and Solvent Effects

A computational study of gold(II) disproportionation is presented for the atomic ion as well as complexes with chloride and neutral ligands. The Au2+ atomic ion is stable to disproportionation, but the barrier is more than halved to 119 kcal/mol in an aqueous environment vs 283 kcal/mol in the gas phase. For dissociative disproportionation of chloride complexes, the loss of chlorine, either as an atom (ΔGaq = +20 kcal/mol) or as an anion (ΔGaq = +15 kcal/mol) represents the largest calculated barrier. The calculated transition state for associative disproportionation is only 9 kcal/mol above separated AuIICl3- anions. For the disproportionation of AuIIL3 complexes with neutral ligands, disproportionation is highly endergonic in the gas phase. Calculations imply that for synthesis of a monometallic AuII complex, a nonpolar solvent is preferred. With the exception of [Au(CO)3]2+, disproportionation of AuIIL3 complexes to AuIL and AuIIIL3 is exergonic in solution phase for the ligands investigated. The drivi...
Performance investigations with a DOS/VS-based operating system model

This paper describes an operating system model that is based mainly on the DOS/VS supervisor but also reflects various design alternatives, providing a flexible tool for operating system design and tuning. The model is characterized by the subdivision of I/O activity into normal I/O, page I/O, and fetch I/O, corresponding to the different supervisor services involved. The model has been evaluated by analytical queuing methods in a set of APL functions that allow a fexible specification of the supervisor, the configuration, and the workload. Validation has been done by simulation and by benchmarking of a real system. The main features of this performance tool are described, and its capabilities are illustrated by performance results that show the impact of workload and various supervisor changes on system performance.
A portable electrochemical machining surface preparation system for use in the field of residual stress measurement

Strain gauge residual stress measuring techniques require a smooth site surface for optimum bond performance. Mechanical metal removal techniques are generally used for surface preparation, although these may induce operator dependent residual stress which distorts the original stress distribution. The problem becomes more significant if subsurface conditions are to be evaluated by removing material, especially when hard, tough or strongly work-hardening alloys are being investigated. To avoid the errors caused by surface preparation, the operator independent metal removal alternatives adopted have been electrolytic polishing and chemical etching. However, these methods have slow removal rates and can be hazardous to health, factors which limit their general use for residual stress measurement surveys.
Apoptosis regulators and responses in human melanocytic and keratinocytic cells.

Apoptosis in keratinocytes is required for epidermal turnover, stratum corneum formation, and removal of ultraviolet-damaged premalignant cells. Its role in melanocyte homeostasis and transformation, on the other hand, has not been defined, although apoptosis resistance is a commonly recognized feature of melanoma. We examined the expression of apoptosis regulators in melanocytes, keratinocytes, melanoma, and HaCat cells. Melanocytic cells expressed relatively high levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-X L , Mcl-1, C-IAP-1, C-IAP-2, XIAP, Livin, and Apaf-1. The only apoptotic regulator that was differentially expressed in melanoma cells and not melanocytes was Survivin, whereas Bax was expressed in melanocytes but not in most melanoma lines. Keratinocytic cells, on the other hand, expressed high levels of FLIP and were relatively deficient in Bcl-2 family proteins. Levels of p53 were highest in HaCat cells and some of the melanoma lines, and barely detectable in melanocytes and keratinocytes. Next, susceptibility of these cells types to apoptosis induced by ultraviolet B, the tyrosine analog 4-tert-butylphenol, and cytotoxic drugs was examined. Melanocytes were relatively resistant to ultraviolet B, whereas keratinocytes were unresponsive to 4-tert-butylphenol. Melanocytes and keratinocytes were generally less susceptible than melanoma lines and HaCat cells to etoposide, cisplatin, and staurosporine. Induction of apoptosis in these cell types was generally associated with decreased levels of Mcl-1, XIAP, and Livin, and increased levels of p53, whereas levels of other apoptotic regulators were unaltered. These results provide insights into the potential roles of apoptosis in the function and transformation of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes.
Measurement of vortex diffusivity and lifetime below the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in helium films

Using vortex pair motion, we have measured the vortex diffusivity below the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature (T KT) in atomically thin superfluid helium films on both argon and neon substrates. The diffusivities are on the order ofħ/m nearT KT and then fall rapidly to10 −3 ħ/m near0.1 K for argon and to0.03 ħ/m for neon. However, for the thinnest helium film on neon, the diffusivity is large and independent of temperature. At small flow velocities, dissipation due to unpaired vortices indicates a vortex lifetime on the order of seconds for a neon substrate near0.1 K.
Collaborative manipulation: new challenges for robotics and HRI

Autonomous manipulation has made tremendous progress in recent years, leveraging new algorithms and capabilities of mobile manipulators to address complex human environments. However, most current systems inadequately address one key feature of human environments: that they are populated with humans. What would it take for a human and robot to prepare a meal together in a kitchen, or to assemble a part together in a manufacturing workcell?Collaboration with humans is the next frontier in robotics, be it shared workspace collaboration, assistive teleoperation and sliding autonomy, or teacher-learner collaboration, and raises new challenges for both robotics and HRI. A collaborative robot must engage in a delicate dance of prediction and action, where it must understand its collaborator's intentions, act to make its own intentions clear, decide when to assist and when to back off, as well as continuously adapt its behavior and enable customization.Addressing these challenges demands a joint effort from the HRI and robotics communities. We believe that this workshop will not only serve to attract more roboticists into the HRI community under this unifying theme, but will also create much needed collaborations to explore this rich, interdisciplinary area.
The biological basis of food perception and acceptance

Abstract We have discarded the old tongue map (sweet on the tip, etc.) for study of the interactions among taste nerves. Taste is mediated by the chorda tympani (anterior) and the glossopharyngeal (posterior) nerves. Unilateral anesthesia of the chorda tympani intensified some taste sensations from the area innervated by the contralateral glossopharyngeal. For some subjects, even with no stimulation, a phantom taste sensation appeared in the area innervated by the contralateral glossopharyngeal nerve. Thus when one taste nerve is damaged another compensates; however, the cost may be a taste phantom. Work on genetic variation in taste has identified supertasters of PROP (6- n -propylthiouracil) who are unusually sensitive to bitters and sweets as well as the burn from chili pepper (active ingredient capsaicin). Supertasters appear to have more tastebuds and since tastebuds have trigeminal neurons (mediating pain) associated with them, there is an association between perception of taste and irritation.
Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Peroxiredoxin-1 Differentially Regulate NF-KAPPA B Activities

Abstract Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are widely distributed and abundant proteins, which control peroxide concentrations and related signaling mechanisms. Prx1 is found in the cytoplasm and nucleus, but little is known about compartmentalized Prx1 function during redox signaling and oxidative stress. We targeted expression vectors to increase Prx1 in nuclei (NLS-Prx1) and cytoplasm (NES-Prx1) in HeLa cells. Results showed that NES-Prx1 inhibited NF-κB activation and nuclear translocation. In contrast, increased NLS-Prx1 did not affect NF-κB nuclear translocation but increased activity of a NF-κB reporter. Both NLS-Prx1 and NES-Prx1 inhibited NF-κB p50 oxidation, suggesting that oxidation of the redox-sensitive cysteine in p50's DNA-binding domain is regulated via peroxide metabolism in both compartments. Interestingly, following treatment with H 2 O 2 , nuclear thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) redox status was protected by NLS-Prx1, and cytoplasmic Trx1 was protected by NES-Prx1. Compartmental differences from increasing Prx1 show that the redox poise of cytoplasmic and nuclear thiol systems can be dynamically controlled through peroxide elimination. Such spatial resolution and protein-specific redox differences imply that the balance of peroxide generation/metabolism in microcompartments provides an important specific component of redox signaling.
The effects of stereotype activation on behavior: a review of possible mechanisms.

Considerable recent research has examined the effects that activated stereotypes have on behavior. Research on both self-stereotype activation and other-stereotype activation has tended to show that people behave in ways consistent with the stereotype (e.g., walking more slowly if the elderly stereotype is activated). Interestingly, however, the dominant account for the behavioral effects of self-stereotype activation involves a hot motivational factor (i.e., stereotype threat), whereas the dominant account for the behavioral effects of other-stereotype activation focuses on a rather cold cognitive explanation (i.e., ideomotor processes). The current review compares and contrasts the behavioral research on self- and other-stereotype activation and concludes that both motivational and cognitive explanations might account for effects in each domain.
Incompatible finite elements for laminated structures

Abstract A new family of finite elements is presented for the analysis of layered anisotropic media. The elements are based on the traditional displacement method and make extensive use of incompatible displacement modes and selectable kinematic dimensionality. Several methods for stress recovery are presented and one is selected for general purpose analysis. A simple modification of the nodal strain-displacement matrix is used in a general isoparametric formulation to allow for irregular elements that pass the patch test. Accuracy of the new elements is demonstrated by comparison with an exact elasticity solution for a linear bending problem. Efficiency and other practical concerns are also discussed. Shear locking is avoided by using incompatible displacement modes and results show that the elements can be used for both thick and thin problems. It is also shown that incompatible modes can be selectively included between and within individual elements to locally refine displacement and stress fields. The end products of the proposed methodology are herein called ZORO finite elements.
Does Race Matter

Abstract. This essay contends that behaviour can only be understood within an evolutionary framework that gives equal weight to genes and environment. Our cultural environment itself evolved, in part through natural selection of genes and in part through other mechanisms. Racism, however, involves association of genetically caused differences in physical appearance with characteristics to which they are wholly unrelated. Yet this association has a biological cause: fitness maximisation through nepotism. This association, therefore, has an effect upon the life chances and reproductive success of genetically different groups and, therefore, upon the process of human evolution.
“Triplet” polycistronic vectors encoding Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 enhances postinfarct ventricular functional improvement compared with singlet vectors

Objective: The in situ reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes by the administration of gene transfer vectors encoding Gata4 (G), Mef2c (M), and Tbx5 (T) has been shown to improve ventricular function in myocardial infarction models.The efficacyof this strategycould, however, be limited by the need for fibroblast targets to be infected 3 times—once by each of the 3 transgene vectors. We hypothesized that a polycistronic ‘‘triplet’’ vector encoding all 3 transgenes would enhance postinfarct ventricular function compared with use of ‘‘singlet’’ vectors. Methods: After validation of the polycistronic vector expression in vitro, adult male Fischer 344 rats (n ¼ 6) underwent coronary ligation with or without intramyocardial administration of an adenovirus encoding all 3 major vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms (AdVEGF-All6A positive), followed 3 weeks later by the administration to AdVEGF-All6A-positive treated rats of singlet lentivirus encoding G, M, or T( 13 10 5 transducing units each) or the same total dose of a GMT ‘‘triplet’’ lentivirus vector. Results: WesternblotsdemonstratedthattripletandsingletvectorsyieldedequivalentGMTtransgeneexpression, and fluorescence activated cell sorting demonstrated that triplet vectors were nearly twice as potent as singlet vectors in generating induced cardiomyocytes from cardiac fibroblasts. Echocardiography demonstrated that GMT triplet vectors were more effective than the 3 combined singlet vectors in enhancing ventricular function from postinfarct baselines (triplet, 37% � 10% ;s inglet, 13% � 7% ;n egative control, 9% � 5%; P<.05). Conclusions: These data have confirmed that the in situ administration of G, M, and T induces postinfarct ventricular functional improvement and that GMT polycistronic vectors enhance the efficacy of this strategy. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014;148:1656-64)
Modeling of damage accumulation for Duffing-type systems under severe random excitations

The focus of this investigation is on the prediction of the fatigue life of aircraft panels subjected to thermal effects and a severe random acoustic excitation. The prototypical equations for this problem, i.e. the single and double well Duffing oscillators subjected to a bandlimited white noise, are first considered. A review of some currently available approaches, i.e. the Rayleigh approximation and the single spectral moment method both with and without Gaussianity correction, strongly suggests that an accurate prediction of the fatigue life for this non-linear system requires a dedicated model. To this end, an approximation of the probability density function of the peaks of the stationary response of the Duffing oscillators is derived. This model is then used in conjunction with either a narrowband assumption or the single spectral moment methodology to yield a prediction of the fatigue life. The application of this approach to simulation data from both single and double well Duffing oscillators, as well as on the experimental response of an unbuckled panel, demonstrates the reliability of this novel approximation.
Abnormalities of Perception with Defective Eye Movements (Bálint's Syndrome)

Summary A patient is reported with a defect in visual perception similar to that originally described by Balint. Associated disorders of ocular motility and visual motor coordination were also present. There were significant defects in both spatial and temporal reception of visual stimuli resulting in a very restricted effective field. A significant disorder in visual attending to peripheral stimuli resulted in a very defective pattern of visual searching of the environment. It is suggested that this abnormality of visual exploration in conjunction with the temporal and spatial defects play a significant role in the distorted visual perceptions. The defects noted seemed adequate to explain the patient's behavior without the necessity of postulating an “agnosic” defect.
Large-scale rotating bending fatigue tests for offshore pipe connections

A testing apparatus featuring rotating bending fatigue techniques was designed and constructed to investigate the fatigue behavior of full-sized threaded connections used to couple offshore piping and structures. Rotating bending tests were performed where flexural loads are applied to the pipe with a hydraulic loading system while simultaneously rotating the pipe by belt drive attached to an electric motor. While rotating bending fatigue testing is not a new concept, the relatively large scale of the tests presented special problems that make the apparatus distinctive. This rotating bending apparatus allows more rapid testing than conventional closed-loop systems. Additionally, conventional closed-loop axial fatigue tests would have required a testing frame with fatigue load capacity exceeding 4455 kN (1,000,000 lbs). Several specially manufactured devices are featured that require large service loads combined with exacting machine tolerances. Currently, a fatigue frequency of 2.0 Hz has been achieved with an equivalent deformation range of 25.4 mm (1.0 in.). Faster speeds are believed possible.
Reduction of frequency deviations in quartz resonators by electric potentials of plate electrodes

We present a new method in which a direct current (DC) bias field is used to control the resonant frequency of resonator subjected to body forces. The plate electrodes were used to create the DC bias field. Sensing electrodes were used to measure the body forces that cause the acceleration sensitivity. Finite element models were developed using the theory of small deformations superposed on finite initial deformations in Lagrangian formulation. The model results compared consistently well with the measured values for the force sensitivity coefficient K f of a circular plate subjected to a pair of diametrical forces; hence validating our model for acceleration sensitivity. For our 1 GHz AT-cut quartz plate resonator with the crystal digonal X-axis perpendicular to plate X-axis, the in-plane acceleration sensitivity is negligible, while the Y-axis acceleration sensitivity is maximum. A DC bias field with an appropriate DC bias voltage could yield a reduction in acceleration sensitivity from 10−10/g to 10−12/g in the Y-axis
Journey to Medieval China: Using Technology-Enhanced Instruction to Develop Content Knowledge and Digital Literacy Skills.

Recent innovations in Web-based technology tools have made planning instruction with technology in mind far more doable than in years past. To aid teachers in planning with technology, tools are organized into five broad categories: communication, collaboration, presentation, organization and critical-thinking. The purpose and potential of each group of tools is explored and utilized in the development of a technology-rich unit plan on medieval China.
Assembling NMR structures for the intracellular loops of the human thromboxane A2 receptor: Implication of the G protein-coupling pocket

It has been reported that the multiple intracellular loops (iLPs) of the thromboxane A(2) receptor (TP) are involved in the receptor G protein coupling. In this study, a high-resolution 2D NMR technique was used to determine the 3D structures of the first, second, and third iLPs of the TP using synthetic peptides constrained into the loop structures. 2D (1)H NMR spectra, TOCSY and NOESY were obtained for the two peptides from proton NMR experiments. The NMR data was processed and assigned through the Felix 2000 program. Standard methods were used to acquire sequence-specific assignments. Structure calculations were processed through DGII and NMR refinement programs within the Insight II program. We were able to calculate and use the NOE constraints to obtain the superimposed structure of 10 structures for each iLP peptide. The NMR-determined structures of the iLP peptides were used to refine a homology model of the TP. A 3D G-protein-binding cavity, formed by the three intracellular loops, was predicted by the docking of the C-terminal domain of the Galphaq. Based on the structural model and the previous mutagenesis studies, the residues, R130, R60, C223, F138, L360, V361, E358 and Y359, which are important for interaction with the G protein, were further highlighted. These results reveal the possibly important molecular mechanisms in TP signaling and provide structural information to characterize other prostanoid receptor signalings.
A Study of Romanization Practice for Japanese Language Titles in OCLC WorldCat Records

Consistent romanization practice is one of the biggest challenges in cataloging Japanese materials. This study provides a snapshot of how Japanese is inconsistently or incorrectly romanized in Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) WorldCat records, and analyzes factors that might be causing the romanization problems among the records. Particular focus is placed on the analysis of word division problems that might be affected by different interpretations and applications of the ALA-LC Romanization Tables rules. Results revealed major factors behind the inconsistencies that were associated with the ambiguity and complexity of the word division rules. Solutions and ideas for further studies are suggested.
New Reserves in an Old Field, the Niobrara Resource Play in the Wattenberg Field, Denver Basin, Colorado

The Niobrara is one of nine horizons that are productive in the giant Wattenberg Field area (GWA) of Colorado. GWA covers approximately 3200 square miles. The field was discovered in 1970 (J Sandstone) and first significant Niobrara production was established in 1976 from vertical completions. Horizontal Niobrara drilling began in the field in 2009. Wattenberg straddles the Denver Basin synclinal axis and is regarded as a basin-center petroleum accumulation. The Niobrara is overpressured and drilling depths are 6200 to 7800 ft. The Wattenberg area is a “hot spot” or positive temperature anomaly. Temperature gradients range from 16 – 18 o F/1000 ft on the edges of the field to about 28 to 29 o F/1000ft in high GOR areas. The Niobrara consists of four limestone (chalk) units and three intervening marl intervals. The lower limestone is named the Fort Hays and the overlying units are grouped together as the Smoky Hill member. The chalk units are referred to in descending order as the A, B, C, and Fort Hays. Erosional unconformities exist at the top and base of the Niobrara. The upper unconformity removes the upper chalk bed in some areas of the Wattenberg Field. The B and C chalks are the main focus of horizontal drilling by operators in the field. The underlying Codell Sandstone/Fort Hays is also targeted with horizontal wells. Recent horizontal completions have initial production of approximately 100 to 700 BOPD with a GOR of 500 to 10,000 cu ft per barrel. Estimated ultimate recovery per well is greater than 300,000 BOE. The Wattenberg area has a resource estimate from the Niobrara of 3-4 billion barrels equivalent. The combined technologies of horizontal drilling and multistage fracture stimulation have brought significant new life into this 43 year old field. Introduction The most important mineral extraction activity over the past 50 years in Colorado has been the discovery and development of Wattenberg Field (Figs. 1, 2). The Wattenberg Field is located northeast of Denver, CO and produces oil, gas, and condensate from the following Cretaceous horizons: Dakota-Lakota, J Sandstone, D Sandstone, Greenhorn, Codell, Niobrara (A, B, C, and Fort Hays), Hygiene (Shannon), Terry (Sussex), and Larimer-Rocky Ridge (Parkman).
ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTION OF Penaeus japonicus BATE AS A BASIS FOR THE MASS PRODUCTION OF EGGS AND LARVAE1

Penaeus japonicus Bate is absent on the Italian coasts, but it is considered a very promising species for national aquaculture. To develop the shrimp-culture on a commercial basis, a convenient method for producing eggs and larvae of Penaeus japonicus was studied. A stock of 156 females, age class 1+ and F3, underwent unilateral eyestalk ablation and they were stocked with males in three plastic tanks (bottom area 14 m2) at a density of 25 individuals/m2 and a sex ratio of 1:1. Conditions of environment and management consisted of: temperature 21±3°C; natural light and photoperiod; total exchange of sea water every day; feeding on mussels. A month after eyestalk ablation the females were inspected every 7–10 days; mature females were transferred to the spawning tanks. Females with well developed gonads averaged 25.0% of the population of females at every inspection; 51.3% of spawners were impregnated with spermatophores; others were inseminated artificially by the method of introducing spermatophores into the thelycum. In six inspections (carried out during a period of 89 days), 3,028,525 eggs were released; a female released 17,500 eggs on the average (maximum was 123,000 eggs, minimum 4,340). The mean rate of fertilized eggs was 52.7%—67.7% from naturally inseminated females and 7.5% from the artificially inseminated ones. The mean hatching rate was 30.9%—40.1% from natural insemination and 3.3% from artificial insemination. Total amount of viable nauplii was 820,550.
Transport phenomena near the interface of a czochralski-grown crystal

Abstract In the Czochralski method, crystals are grown by controlled withdrawal of a seed crystal that is initially touched to the free surface of the melt. Transport phenomena within the melt are important as they affect the quality of the crystal. Momentum, energy and mass transfer have been considered in the vicinity of the crystal, viz., in the meniscus below the crystal. Driving forces due to buoyancy, crystal rotation and thermocapillary effects have been included. Estimation of the non-dimensional parameters involved reveals that the surface-tension gradient and crystal rotation are important for the growth of silicon crystals. For pure thermocapillary flow with large Peclet number (Marangoni number) and small Prandtl number, an integral method has been used with the boundary-layer equations to determine the temperature, axial velocity, and concentration distribution in the meniscus region. The results show that in the ideal case when the energy transfer is one-dimensional, the thermocapillary flow causes the temperature and concentration distributions in the meniscus to be two-dimensional, which causes the interface to be curved and the solute to be segregated non-uniformly over the cross-section of the crystal. With the interface assumed to be initially flat, a corrected, curved shape which protrudes into the melt has been obtained for the interface.
A naturalistic transactional approach to compliance‐gaining behavior

This study presents a naturalistic approach to compliance‐gaining communication by observing naturally occuring compliance‐gaining messages in a role‐playing situation. The results are analyzed through simple raw frequency descriptive statistics. The results indicate that individuals use an average of three compliance‐gaining attempts during persuasive encounters that contain resistance. Results also indicate the types of strategies used most frequently and patterns of strategies that emerge during natural interaction.
Development of zygotes in cultured mouse oviducts. II. The influence of the estrous cycle and ovarian hormones upon the development of the zygote.

Ampullae explanted from mice at different stages of the estrous cycle were able to maintain the development of zygotes transferred to them in organ culture. A cyclical variation was observed; the maxium number of zygotes developed into blastocysts within ampullae explanted at metestrus 1, and the least number of zygotes developed within ampullae explanted from mice in diestrus. Such evidence indicates that there are cyclical functional changes in the mouse oviduct during the estrous cycle. Ampullae explanted from spayed mice previously treated with estradiol were able to maintain zygote development to a significantly greater extent than those removed from untreated spayed controls. Pre-treatment of spayed mice with progesterone did not increase the number of zygotes developing within the explanted ampulla. Also, progesterone had no effect when given in combination with estradiol.
Exploring the facilities management effective rate as a useful metric

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the use of the effective rate as a useful metric. Facilities management operations who function as re‐charge organizations (public or private, non‐profit or profit) are able to track performance and do comparisons for expense recovery while taking into account the organization's unique environment.Design/methodology/approach – After providing a definition of the effective rate, some of the influences and the importance of measuring performance for facilities management operations are discussed. The remainder of the paper focuses on the findings based on a qualitative single case study that not only clarifies the use of the metric, but also confirms the usefulness for a service‐oriented organization to measure and track performance.Findings – Taking into account the unique environment of each organization along with the differences for time not billed back to the customer (un‐billable), the effective rate is offered as a quantitative means to measure pe...
Fourier transform infrared studies of inhibited autoxidation in cis-1,4-polybutadiene

Abstract The inhibited autoxidation of cis -1,4-polybutadiene (BR) was examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the presence of three chain-breaking antioxidants: 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (CA-1); 4,4′-methylene-bis-(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) (CA-2) and N -phenyl-2-naphthylamine (CA-3). Weak interaction is detected between the phenolic OH and arylamine NH groups and the rubber unsaturation. These antioxidants terminate two or more kinetic chains per molecule and their mechanisms are described.
Altruistic other-orientation in intimate relationships

In this study it was investigated whether men and women differ in the extent to which they are altruistically other-oriented in their intimate heterosexual relationships, and sources of this orientation. Data from married and nonmarried college students suggest that men are more altruistically other-oriented toward their partners than are women. However, when the effects of dependency, gender role traditionalism, and relationship seriousness are considered, gender has no direct effect on altruistic other-orientation. Instead, greater dependency, gender role traditionalism, and relation-ship seriousness encourage individuals to be more altruistic toward their intimate partners.
Novel low-loss delay line for broadband phased antenna array applications

The microwave propagation velocity along a nonlinear transmission line is a function of dc bias, hence, a nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) can be utilized as a broadband delay line. A hybrid NLTL has been fabricated in a proof-of-principle experimental concept test where a 1.1-ns true time delay with <4-dB insertion loss has been measured in good agreement with theory. A 2/spl times/2 NLTL-based antenna array has been utilized to demonstrate beam steering at 5 GHz. Using parameters appropriate to varactors tested by our group at 60 GHz, a monolithic NLTL is predicted to exhibit <3.4-dB insertion loss and 200 ps delay at 20 GHz.