cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Insights into coronary angioplasty-induced restenosis from examination of atherogenesis

Atherogenesis is a complex tissue reaction involving both vascular and circulating cells and components. The former include endothelial and smooth muscle cells, the latter circulating monocytes, platelets and lipoproteins. The role of growth factors secreted by platelets and all the cells involved in setting into motion a fibrocellular vascular reaction has been recently elucidated. Repeated injury or the presence of hyperlipidemia leads to occlusive disease. Many of these cellular events are also likely to be stimulated by the vascular injury that occurs as part of the angioplasty procedure. Restenosis, a major complication of the latter, may reflect the vascular response to iatrogenic injury. Progress in understanding the mechanisms involved in restenosis should also clarify important aspects of atherogenesis.
Mechanisms of the Shape Evolution of CdSe Nanocrystals

The temporal shape evolution of CdSe quantum confined nanorods (quantum rods) in nonaqueous solvents with organometallic precursors was studied quantitatively and systematically. The experimental results revealed three distinguishable stages in the shape evolution. At high monomer concentrations, nanocrystals grow exclusively along the c-axis of the wurtzite structure, making this axis the long axis of the rods. At intermediate concentrations, nanocrystals grow simultaneously in three dimensions. At low monomer concentrations, the aspect ratio decreases in a process controlled by intraparticle diffusion on the surface of the nanocrystals. This intraparticle ripening stage is different from normal Ostwald ripening, which occurs at lower monomer concentrations and is by monomer migration from small to larger ones. Addition of hexylphosphonic acid or tetradecylphosphonic acid, strong cadmium ligands, is important mainly because it enables the high monomer concentrations needed for the growth of quantum rods....
Assessment of Propulsion System Configuration and Fuel Composition on Hybrid Wing Body Fuel Efficiency

** * † ‡ This paper presents results from a NASA sponsored program to evaluate subsonic fixed wing transport aircraft entering service in the 2030-2035 time frame. The paper describes the effects of propulsion system configuration and fuel type on the fuel burn performance of a Hybrid Wing Body (HWB) aircraft designed for a long-haul international market. The wide centerbody of the HWB can accommodate a highly integrated, distributed propulsion system, the large design space offers the possibility of performance improvements from the extended use of boundary layer ingestion (BLI), and the large internal volume of a HWB aircraft can accommodate low density, high specific energy fuels. In this work, mechanically geared (planetary and beveled) and electrical transmissions systems were considered with varied numbers of turbogenerators and propulsors alongside either Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or conventional jet fuel. For all of the proposed propulsion system configurations, the minimum fuel burn corresponds to the case with the largest amount of boundary layer ingestion, in contrast to results presented previously by the authors. The minimum fuel burn for the conventional jet fuel design is 55% below that of the Boeing 777-200LR reference aircraft. The use of LNG fuel with laminar flow on the outer wing bottom and a turboelectric transmission system results in a 57% fuel burn reduction.
Markov chains, classifiers, and intrusion detection

Abstract: This paper presents a statistical anomaly detection algorithm based on Markov chains. Our algorithm can be directly applied for intrusion detection by discovering anomalous activities. Our framework for constructing anomaly detectors is very general and can be used by other researchers for constructing Markov-chain-based anomaly detectors. We also present performance metrics for evaluating the effectiveness of anomaly detectors. Extensive experimental results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm. We discuss several future directions for research based on the framework presented in this paper.
Application of wavelet image processing for ultrasonic gauging

A wavelet transform image decomposition technique was utilized for compression and analysis of the ultrasonic images obtained by a computerized ultrasonic gauging system (CUGS). CUGS can generate very precise topographical maps of the outer and inner surfaces of tubes during various stages of manufacture and life-cycle of the parts. Measurements of the tube dimensions are obtained with a resolution of 2.5 micrometers and accuracies of the order to 10 micrometers or better. A typical output of CUGS is an ultrasonic image, in which the horizontal and vertical axes represent the axial and angular position of the part, respectively. Wavelet-based image analysis has been utilized to obtain representations of the same image with different resolutions and to enhance image features such as erosion pattern without the loss of localization. In the application discussed CUGS is utilized to map the wear of the internal surface of steel tubes, before and after exposure to extreme environments involving temperature, pressure, corrosive gases and mechanical forces.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Some Alternate Characterizations of Reliability Domination

Abstract : An important problem in reliability theory is to determine the reliability of a system from the reliability of its components. If E is a finite set of components, then certain subsets of E are prescribed to be the operating states of the system. A formation is any collection F of minimal operating states whose union is E. Reliability domination is defined as the total number of odd cardinality formations minus the total number of even cardinality formations. The purpose of this paper is to establish some new results concerning reliability domination. In the special case where the system can be identified with a graph or digraph, these new results lead to some new graph- theoretic properties and to simple proofs of certain known theorems. The pertinent graph-theoretic properties include spanning trees, acyclic orientations, Whitney's broken cycles, and Tutte's internal activity associated with the chromatic polynomial.
Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Disease

Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease that confers significant risk of metabolic derangements and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Early detection and treatment of modifiable risk factors and modulation of the systemic inflammatory response are important treatment goals. Studies have shown that there is a significant lack of awareness of the relationship between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease, so future considerations should focus on education of and collaboration with health care providers, especially those in primary care, and development of updated, rigorous screening guidelines. In addition, targeted biologic therapies such as TNF-a inhibitors have shown immense promise in targeting the systemic inflammation associated with psoriatic disease, but whether they will impact long-term cardiovascular outcomes remains to be seen.
The influence of age on superovulation in the immature rat and mouse.

Studies on supcrovulation in the immature rat and mouse indicated that the average number of ova released following treatment with gonadotropins reached a maximum on 23 to 32 days of age for the former and 23 to 26 for the latter. Thereafter the number of eggs released decreased rapidly by 50 to 65% prior to puberty although the gonadotropin treatment was held constant. Treatment with higher dosages of gonadotropins (PMS + HCG) at 40 to 50 days of age induced the release of a larger number of ova leading to the conclusion that the decrease in the number of ova released with age was due to changes in the sensitivity of the follicles to the gonadotropins. It would appear that initially the follicles become competent to respond to the gonadotropins at approximately 14 days of age for the mouse and 17 to 18 days of age for the rat. The sensitivity increases to a maximum within two weeks and decreases thereafter.
Enhanced response in InAs quantum dots in an InGaAs quantum well solar cells by anti-reflection coatings

A study on light absorption enhancement of an InAs quantum dots embedded into InxGa1-xAs quantum well with GaAs as a barrier solar cells was carried out. Solar cell devices were fabricated from different structures, which were grown by using molecular beam epitaxy, with the In mole fraction (x) varied between 0 – 25 %. Poly-L-Lysine ligands and ZnO sol-gel was used to modify the surface of the solar cells and act as anti-reflection coatings. The anti-reflection characteristic of the ligands and the sol-gel were investigated by measuring the solar cell characteristics before and after the solar cells surface modifications. The current-voltage characteristics were measured of the fabricated solar cells before and after Poly-L-Lysine and ZnO coatings. A significant enhancement on the order of 40 % of the solar cells performance was observed. This type of enhancement was observed in the power conversion efficiency, spectral response measurements, and external quantum efficiency.
A novel parallel Tier-1 coder for JPEG2000 using GPUs

The JPEG2000 image compression standard provides superior features to the popular JPEG standard; however, the slow performance of software implementation of JPEG2000 has kept it from being widely adopted. More than 80% of the execution time for JPEG2000 is spent on the Tier-1 coding engine. While much effort over the past decade has been devoted to optimizing this component, its performance still remains slow. The major reason for this is that the Tier-1 coder consists of highly serial operations, each operating on individual bits in every single bit plane of the image samples. In addition, in the past there lacked an efficient hardware platform to provide massively parallel acceleration for Tier-1. However, the recent growth of general purpose graphic processing unit (GPGPU) provides a great opportunity to solve the problem with thousands of parallel processing threads. In this paper, the computation steps in JPEG2000 are examined, particularly in the Tier-1, and novel, GPGPU compatible, parallel processing methods for the sample-level coding of the images are developed. The GPGPU-based parallel engine allows for significant speedup in execution time compared to the JasPer JPEG2000 compression software. Running on a single Nvidia GTX 480 GPU, the parallel wavelet engine achieves 100× speedup, the parallel bit plane coder achieves more than 30× speedup, and the overall Tier-1 coder achieves up to 17× speedup.
Geometrisches und topologisches Denken in der Organischen Chemie

Zu Beginn des Studiums der Organischen Chemie erscheint dem Studenten dieses Fach haufig als undurchdringliches Labyrinth aus Zufallsstrukturen und -reaktionen, die nur durch muhsames Auswendiglernen gemeistert werden konnen. Fur den fertigen Organiker ist dasselbe Fach eine wohlgeordnete Disziplin von eleganter Einfachheit. Das Erlernen organisch-chemischen Denkens („organischen Denkens”) ist beim Studium der Organischen Chemie sehr wichtig; unter organischen Denken versteht man die Fahigkeit des Erkennens von Gemeinsamkeiten innerhalb vieler Familien von Strukturen und Reaktionen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Denkmethoden der Organischen Chemie analysiert, die den schnellen konzeptionellen und experimentellen Fortschritt dieses Faches ermoglichten. Als besonders fruchtbar erwiesen sich „geometrisches” und „topologisches” Denken, Methoden, mit denen sich im Rahmen gultiger Paradigmen wissenschaftliche Probleme definieren und Experimente zu ihrer Losung ausdenken lassen. Die Grundlagen des geometrischen und topologischen Denkens werden mit Bezug auf normale Denkprozesse, auf Wege des Problemlosens und das Bestreben, „intellektuelle Stimmigkeit” zu erreichen, erortert. Die Leistungsfahigkeit geometrischen und topologischen Denkens in der Organischen Chemie wird anhand photochemischer Reaktionen und Chemilumineszenzreaktionen illustriert.
The effects of denture status on nutrition

In Part I of this study, the Human Nutrition Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture's Nutritional Status Study (NSS) of 691 independently living elderly people aged 60-98 found that poor dietary quality was associated with low educational attainment, low median family income, and self-report of partial or full dentures. In Part II, further analysis was conducted on a random subsample of 181 subjects who were examined and divided into four groups according to dentate status: two dentures, one denture, partial dentures, and teeth. In this subgroup, significant correlations were found between the quality of nutrient intake and the degree of edentulousness. Analysis of 53 nutrients plus calories from three-day food records showed a significantly higher nutritional quality of the diet in dentate volunteers than in the other groups. This difference was approximately 20% for 19 nutrients, bringing some nutrients (such as calcium) below the RDA for this age group. Although direct correlations cannot be made with actual nutritional status, the introduction of dentures could further compromise the precarious nutritional intake of the elderly population. With this in mind, dentists need to consider carefully the importance of their elderly patients maintaining at least some natural dentition and should provide adequate information on nutritional adaptations to dentures.
Efficacy of vitamin E and glutathione for thermoprotection of murine morulae

The objective of this study was to determine whether vitamin E and glutathione could limit deleterious effects of elevated temperature on viability and development of murine morulae. Exposure of morula-stage embryos to heat shock (42°C for 1 h or 43°C for 2 h) decreased the proportion of live embryos at the end of culture and the proportion that developed to the blastocyst stage. In two experiments, administration of vitamin E reduced adverse effects of heat shock on viability as determined by dye exclusion. Vitamin E did not, however, block the inhibitory effect of heat shock on the proportion of embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage. In 2 other experiments, glutathione reduced the effects of heat shock on viability but did not have any consistent beneficial effect on the proportion of heat-shocked embryos that became blastocysts. Vitamin E and glutathione can partially protect embryos from detrimental effects of heat shock. This protective effect is not sufficient, however, to allow for continued development under the conditions utilized.
LSP-based multiple-description coding for real-time low bit-rate voice over IP

A fundamental issue in real-time interactive voice transmissions over unreliable IF networks is the loss or late arrival of packets for playback. This problem is especially serious when transmitting low bit rate-coded speech with pervasive dependencies introduced. In this case, the loss or late arrival of a single packet will lead to the loss of subsequent dependent frames. We study end-to-end loss-concealment schemes for ensuring high quality in playback. We propose a novel multiple description-coding method for concealing packet losses in transmitting low bit rate-coded speech. Based on high correlations observed in linear predictor parameters-in the form of Line Spectral Pairs (LSPs)-of adjacent frames, we generate multiple descriptions in senders by interleaving LSPs, and reconstruct lost LSPs in receivers by linear interpolations. As excitation codewords have low correlations, we further enlarge the segment size for excitation generation and replicate excitation codewords in all the descriptions in order to maintain the same transmission bandwidth. Our proposed scheme can be extended easily to more than two descriptions and can adapt its number of descriptions dynamically to network-loss conditions. Experimental results on FS-1016 CELP, ITU G.723.1, and FS MELP coders show good performance of our scheme.
The Forced Pendulum

The rest of Part I will be devoted to demonstrating the usefulness of two of the tools we have developed: the Schauder fixed point theorem and a compactness property of C k -spaces that is a consequence of the Ascoli-Arzela theorem. We used information from the Ascoli-Arzela and Schauder theories in Chapter 1, to prove the Cauchy-Peano theorem by topological methods. In this chapter, we will illustrate the use of these tools by showing how they establish the existence of solutions to a differential equation problem that comes up in the study of the pendulum.
D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Brain and Pituitary during the Reproductive Cycle of the Turkey Hen

The regulation of prolactin secretion during the reproductive cycle of seasonal breeding birds appears to be largely under the stimulatory influence of hypothalamic vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). However, the factors influencing VIP secretion, and hence prolactin release, in birds remain largely unexplored. Recent evidence has demonstrated that dopamine and dopamine receptors may affect VIP and prolactin release in birds. The differential expression of dopamine receptors on hypothalamic VIP-releasing neurons may affect the degree of prolactinemia observed during the reproductive cycle of birds. In order to examine this hypothesis, we used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to quantitate the levels of D1 and D2 dopamine receptor subtype mRNAs in the brain of the domestic turkey hen during the reproductive cycle. No significant difference in hypothalamic expression of D1 or D2 dopamine receptor subtypes during the reproductive cycle was observed. However, pronounced differences in D1D and D2 mRNAs were detected in cortex and cerebellum. Interestingly, there was a dramatic increase in pituitary D1D receptor mRNA during the reproductive stages of laying and incubation of eggs, which paralleled the hyperprolactinemic state of the turkey reproductive cycle. In addition, pituitary D2 receptor mRNA steadily increased throughout the reproductive cycle. In light of these observations, a modified hypothesis regarding the effects of dopamine on prolactin secretion is discussed.
Effect of Alloxan Administration on Liver Nucleoproteins.

SummaryAdministration of alloxan to white rats causes an increase in the DNA and the histone of liver nuclei. Direct measurements indicate no change in cytoplasmic RNA, but, indirect evidence suggests an increase in nuclear RNA.
Audiences and Providers of Distance Education

Abstract As noted by Moore (2007, xxiii), the fifth section of the second edition of the Handbook of Distance Education focused on “some of the main consumers and suppliers of distance education programs,” including elementary and secondary education, community colleges, universities, the corporate sector, continuing professional education, the armed forces, and the virtual organization. Each chapter considered the historical development of distance education within each arena as well as policy developments and possible future trends.
Relative fitness of imazamox-resistant common sunflower and prairie sunflower

Abstract Resistance to imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides has been incorporated recently into domesticated sunflower through conventional breeding methods. However, there are concerns regarding gene flow of the IMI-resistance trait to wild species and possible accompanying ecological consequences. Hybrids of domesticated sunflower with both common sunflower and prairie sunflower were created, with and without the imazamox-resistance trait. The relative fitness of imazamox-resistant (IMI-R) hybrids was compared with their imazamox-susceptible (IMI-S) counterparts. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to study the growth of IMI-R and IMI-S common and prairie sunflower hybrids under noncompetitive conditions. The photosynthesis rate of IMI-S prairie sunflower was slightly higher than that of IMI-R plants. However, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, leaf area, and total dry weight were similar in IMI-R and IMI-S common and prairie sunflower, whereas plant height of IMI-S hybrid was greater than that of...
Metabolism: Inflammation keeps old mice healthy

Immune cells called regulatory T cells accumulate in fat during ageing. The anti-inflammatory activity of these cells worsens age-associated defects in metabolism, in contrast to its effect in obesity. See Letter p.137 Age-associated insulin resistance (IR) and obesity-associated IR are physiologically distinct forms of adult-onset diabetes. Although macrophage-driven inflammation drives the obesity-associated condition, the mechanisms for age-associated IR are not known. Ronald Evans and colleagues show that fat-resident regulatory T cells (fTreg cells) accumulate in adipose tissue as a function of age, but not obesity. Mice lacking fTreg cells are protected against age-associated IR, yet remain susceptible to obesity-associated IR and metabolic disease. Depletion of fTreg cells via anti-ST2 antibody treatment increases adipose tissue insulin sensitivity. Although not the main topic of this study, these findings do not support a role for fTreg cells in obesity-associated insulin resistance or in the therapeutic actions of thiazolidinedione or 'glitazone' antidiabetics. This contradicts claims that Treg cells were beneficial and necessary for restoration of insulin sensitivity in obese mice by the thiazolidinedione drug pioglitazone.
New product launch decisions with robust optimization

We consider a problem where a company must decide the order in which to launch new products within a given time horizon and budget constraints, and where the parameters of the adoption rate of these new products are subject to uncertainty. This uncertainty can bring significant change to the optimal launch sequence. We present a robust optimization approach that incorporates such uncertainty on the Bass diffusion model for new products as well as on the price response function of partners that collaborate with the company in order to bring its products to market. The decision-maker optimizes his worst-case profit over an uncertainty set where nature chooses the time periods in which (integer) units of the budgets of uncertainty are used for worst impact. This leads to uncertainty sets with binary variables. We show that a conservative approximation of the robust problem can nonetheless be reformulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem, is therefore of the same structure as the deterministic problem and can be solved in a tractable manner. Finally, we illustrate our approach on numerical experiments. Our model also incorporates contracts with potential commercialization partners. The key output of our work is a sequence of product launch times that protects the decision-maker against parameter uncertainty for the adoption rates of the new products and the response of potential partners to partnership offers.
Characterization of Lipoprotein Composition and Function in Pediatric Psoriasis Reveals a More Atherogenic Profile.

Psoriasis is associated with increased cardiovascular disease in adults, but the risk profile of children with psoriasis remains to be fully characterized. We measured lipoprotein composition and function in 44 patients with pediatric psoriasis and 44 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a validated ex vivo assay of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity. The mean age of the patients was 13 years and the population was ethnically diverse. Children with psoriasis had higher waist-to-hip ratios (0.85 vs. 0.80; P P = 0.07). Despite comparable traditional lipid values, having psoriasis was associated with higher apolipoprotein B concentrations (72.4 vs. 64.6; P = 0.02), decreased large high-density lipoprotein particles (5.3 vs. 6.7; P P = 0.02). Patients with pediatric psoriasis have a more atherogenic cardiometabolic risk profile, with evidence of insulin resistance and lipoprotein dysfunction by particle size, number, and functional assessment. These findings may provide a basis for the observed link later in life between psoriasis and cardiovascular disease, and support the need to screen and educate young patients to minimize later complications.
Semi-Discrete Energy-Stable Schemes for a Tensor-Based Hydrodynamic Model of Nematic Liquid Crystal Flows

In this paper, we develop a first-order and a second-order coupled energy stable numerical scheme respectively for a Q-tensor based hydrodynamic model of nematic liquid crystal flows. We then extend the first order coupled scheme to a decoupled scheme and show that it is energy stable as well. The fully coupled schemes are implemented in 2-dimensional space and time, with which we study defect dynamics in flows of nematic liquid crystals in a channel. The numerical schemes are shown to be efficient in solving the Q-tensor based liquid crystal model. The methodology developed here also provides a paradigm for developing energy-stable schemes for more general hydrodynamic models of complex fluids which obey an energy dissipation law.
From the Inside Out: Reforming State and Local Prostitution Enforcement to More Effectively Combat Sex Trafficking in the U.S. And Abroad

Over the past eight years, federal and state governments have passed anti-trafficking laws and spent millions of dollars to combat sex trafficking in the U.S. and abroad. However, as evidenced by the minimal number of convictions and the unremitting incidence of domestic and international trafficking, these policies have yet to achieve proportionate results. This Note argues that without a significant paradigm shift in state and local prostitution enforcement, national and international counter-trafficking goals will continue to go unrealized. The dominant prostitution enforcement model poses serious obstacles to anti-trafficking policies. By arresting and prosecuting all persons in prostitution without providing a defense for trafficking victims, state-level enforcement practices frustrate federal victim protection mandates. At the same time, by failing to investigate and prosecute traffickers, pimps and purchasers, state enforcement practices undermine federal objectives of deterring traffickers and reducing the market that fuels trafficking. Prostitution has been largely discounted as a local, trivial, or otherwise inappropriate matter for federal intervention. But, only by educating the public and taking the lead to redirect prostitution enforcement towards pimps and purchasers will the U.S. Government be able to effectively reduce prostitution and sex trafficking.
Teachers’ perceptions of education for democratic citizenship in schools with transnational youth: A comparative study in the UK and Denmark

As a consequence of globalization and increased immigration, scholars call for reconceptualizations of citizenship and empirical studies to ascertain how citizenship education is enacted in schools...
Osteoid osteoma of the femur

Abstract There is here reported what is considered to be a typical case of osteoid osteoma affecting the right femur. The classical characteristics include the following: The patient was a young adult. The illness appeared insidiously four years ago and progressed slowly. The main subjective complaint was mild but constant pain. The roentgenogram showed a large area of newly formed sclerotic cortical bone within which was a small rarefied focus of osteoid tissue. At operation the osteoid lesion was found to be limited to the cortex, that is, the periosteum was normal and there was no invasion of the surrounding soft tissue or the medullary cavity. The histological picture is typical of the lesion described and considered by Dr. Jaffe as a benign tumor which he has called osteoid osteoma. The patient has been completely relieved by the removal of the diseased area from the femur.
Epidemiological Analysis of An Outbreak of Influenza in A Primary School in Haizhu District,Guangzhou City

Objective To examine the epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreak in an elementary school and provide scientific evidence for monitoring and adopting effective control measures.Method Epidemiological survey was conducted and the features of the outbreak of influenza in this elementary school was analyzed.Viral isolation was preformed in MDCK cells and hemagglutination inhibition assay was used for subtype identification.Result Out of the 967 people in the school,63 pupils were infected with influenza virus,and the incidence rate was 6.51%.Influenza virus B was detected in 4 out of 9 pupils' collutories.Conclusion An outbreak of influenza B was found in a primary school.The source of the virus was from the community.Early detection and isolation of infected individuals are the controlling measures to prevent the outbreak of influenza.
The Development of Foundry Multimedia Teaching System

A Foundry Computer Simulation System has been designed and developed. It could be used in the field of multimedia teaching and the field of engineering simulating. This courseware was designed according to a foundry plant, and was constituted by casting summary, mould making section, core making section, and sand dealing section, melting section and clearing section. This courseware could display the process of producing and the running states of every kinds device.
Antibacterial peptide and application of genetic engineering

Antibacterial peptide is a kind of peptide that consists of biological cells of specific gene encoding and induced by a specific external condition,which exists widely in biological activity of a class of small peptide,being amphipathic molecule,often with a positive charge.Antibacterial peptide is widely distributed in various biological body,with broad-spectrum antibacterial,immune,inhibition of tumor and other biological effects,and unique mechanism of action,and it is one of hot issue of genetic engineering.Antibacterial peptide and its synthetic peptide gene can be expressed in plant and animal body and has antibacterial activity.The general characteristics of antibacterial peptides and its application in genetic engineering system is introduction to provide a reference for scientific research of antibacterial peptides.
Large-scale 3D inversion of marine magnetotelluric data: Case study from the Gemini prospect, Gulf of Mexico

Three-dimensional magnetotelluric MT inversion is an emerging technique for offshore hydrocarbon exploration. We have developed a new approach to the 3D inversion of MT data, based on the integral equation method. The Tikhonov regularization and physical constraint have been used to obtain a stable and reasonable solution of the inverse problem.Themethodisimplementedinafullyparallelcomputer code. We have applied the developed method and software for the inversion of marine MT data collected by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography SIO in the Gemini prospect, Gulf of Mexico. The inversion domain was discretized into 1.6 million cells. It took nine hours to complete 51 iterations on the 832-processor cluster with a final misfit between the observed and predicted data of 6.2%.The inversion results reveal a resistive salt structure, which is confirmed by a comparison with the seismic data. These inversion results demonstrate that resistive geoelectrical structures like salt domes can be mapped with reasonable accuracyusingthe3DinversionofmarineMTdata.
Speech and debate as civic education

In light of the U.S. Senate’s designation of March 15, 2016 as “National Speech and Debate Education Day” (S. Res. 398, 2016), it only seems fitting that Communication Education devote a special se...
The DORT Two-Dimensional Discrete Ordinates Transport Code

(1988). The DORT Two-Dimensional Discrete Ordinates Transport Code. Nuclear Science and Engineering: Vol. 99, No. 1, pp. 88-89.
DPP3 in NRF2 Signaling and Breast Cancer

NRF2 is a transcription factor serving as a master regulator of the expression of many genes involved in cellular responses to oxidative and other stresses. In the absence of stress, NRF2 is constantly synthesized but maintained at low levels as it is targeted by KEAP1 for ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. NRF2 binds KEAP1 mainly through a conserved “ETGE” motif that has also been found in several other proteins, such as DPP3, which has been shown to bind KEAP1 and enhance NRF2 function upon overexpression. Here we demonstrate the interaction between endogenous DPP3 and endogenous KEAP1. We further show that the DPP3-KEAP1 interaction is strongly induced by hydrogen peroxide and that DPP3 is required for hydrogen peroxide-induced NRF2 nuclear accumulation in the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF7 breast cancer cells. Finally, we present evidence that DPP3 is overexpressed in breast cancer and that elevated levels of DPP3 mRNA correlate with increased NRF2 downstream gene expression and poor prognosis, particularly for ER-positive breast cancer. Our studies reveal novel insights into the regulation of NRF2 and identify DPP3 and an NRF2 transcriptional signature as potential biomarkers for breast cancer prognosis and treatment.
Mesh Topology Preserving Boundary-Layer Adaptivity Method for Steady Viscous Flows

The efficiency and accuracy of viscous flow simulations depend crucially on the quality of the boundary-layer mesh. Too coarse meshes can result in inaccurate predictions and in some cases lead to ...
A practical radiographic visual estimation technique for the prediction of developmental narrowing of cervical spinal canal.

Objectives:To determine if visual spinal canal percentage of facet overlap could be used as a rapid visual pre-screening test to detect developmental bony spinal canal narrowing on lateral cervical radiographs.Methods:Lateral cervical spine radiographs with radiology report documenting developmental narrowing of the spine canal were retrospectively identified. Cohort was supplemented with additional images without such documentation. Utilizing a radiology work station, one reader (Orthopaedics) calculated the Torg ratio at C3-C6. Two readers (Radiology, Primary Care Sports Medicine) visually estimated percentage (≥80, ≥90, 100%) of spinal canal overlaid by facet articulations C3–C6 for all cases independently. Statistical analysis included accuracy tests and kappa test for comparing the gold standard and inter-, intra-observer reliability, respectively.Results:96 lateral images were included; 25 had abnormal radiology reports. High specificity (range, 91–93%) and true negative predictive values (range, 88...
An Analysis of 3-Year Outcomes Following Canaloplasty for the Treatment of Open-Angle Glaucoma

Purpose. To report 3-year results investigating the safety and efficacy of canaloplasty for open-angle glaucoma. Setting. University of Oklahoma, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma, United States of America. Design. Nonrandomized single-center retrospective chart review. Methods. Adult open-angle glaucoma eyes underwent canaloplasty or combined cataract-canaloplasty surgery. A tensioning suture was placed into Schlemm’s canal in all eyes. Primary endpoints included the mean IOP and mean number of glaucoma medications at each follow-up visit. Secondary endpoints included visual acuity and surgical/postsurgical complications. Results. The study cohort included 277 eyes (mean age, 72.8 years). Overall, the mean baseline IOP of 19.7 mmHg was reduced to 14.3 mmHg,14.0 mmHg, and 15.2 mmHg at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively ( ). The average medicine use was reduced from 2.1 preoperatively to 0.4 at 12 months, and 0.5 and 0.6 at two and three years, respectively ( ). The frequency of surgical and postsurgical complications was low with no serious adverse events recorded. Conclusion. Canaloplasty was safe and effective in achieving long-term IOP reductions and reduced dependence on antiglaucoma medications.
Summary and Conclusions (Production Side of the NIPA Accounts)

This chapter summarizes the findings of the model’s major models: consumption, investment exports, the prime interest rate, and government spending; notes Cowles models outperformed DSGE and VARs, and notes that while the model finds fiscal stimulus completely offset by measurable crowd out, monetary policy (changing the money supply) did seem to have an effects, but only had a small effect, on the real economy. A hypothesis is offered in the chapter as to why.
Crowdcasting: Remotely Participating in Live Events Through Multiple Live Streams

We designed and developed a "crowdcasting" prototype to enable remote people to participate in a live event through a collection of live streams coming from the event. Viewers could select from a choice of streams and interact with the streamer and other viewers through text comments and heart reactions. We deployed the prototype in three live events: a Winterfest holiday festival, a local Women's March, and the South by Southwest festival. We found that viewers actively switched among a choice of streams from the event and actively interacted with each other, especially through text comments. Streams of walking about among exhibits or city sights elicited more user interaction than streams of lectures. We observed that voluntary viewers had a wider variation in how long they viewed the event, and switched among streams less and had less interaction through text comments compared to viewers recruited through Mechanical Turk.
Depression Screening During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Enhancing Informed Consent Practices

ABSTRACTIn 2016 the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended screening for depression for everyone over age 13, including, for the first time, during pregnancy and postpartum. The call for routine screening has profound health implications for women, who are diagnosed with depression at almost twice the rate of men and who are prescribed antidepressants far more frequently than men. In this article, we identify the ways in which “disease mongering” contributes to overdiagnosis, review the efficacy and safety of antidepressant medication use during pregnancy, and discuss why the USPSTF recommendations are likely to result in more harm than benefit by exposing women to unnecessary psychotropic drug treatment. Recommendations for enhancing informed consent practices are offered.
Marijuana/tobacco use and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in adult survivors of childhood cancer.

175Background: In 2017, the National Academy of Medicine reported adverse physical and psychosocial outcomes associated with marijuana use, and an increased risk of marijuana use among those who us...
Impact of a pharmacy-initiated HIV admission note on medication errors within an academic hospital

Purpose: Medication errors occur frequently in the medical management of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Recent studies propose the use of a pharmacy admission note to help identify and preventsuch errors during hospitalization. However, a clear reduction in the number of antiretroviral medication errors utilizing an admission note within a large, academic hospital has yet to be confirmed. Methods: A retrospective, chart-review of hospitalized HIV-seropositive patients 1 year prior to and after implementation of an admission note policy was performed with the expedited Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval. Antiretroviral medication errors were identified and compared to documented pharmacy interventions at the time of admission. Results: Twenty-seven antiretroviral medication errors existed in the pre-policy period (n = 32 admissions), with no identification or correction by pharmacy services at the time of admission. Forty-six antiretroviral medication errors were detected in the post-policy period (n = 59 admissions), of which three errors were identified in pharmacy admission notes. Common antiretroviral medication errors in the pre-policy period included incorrect dosing frequency (33.3%) and incorrect drug strength (33.3%). This contrasts with the post-policy period, during which the most frequent antiretroviral medication errors included missing antiretroviral components of known regimens (19.6%) and lack of renal or hepatic dosage adjustment (15.2%). Overall, no improvement in detection and reconciliation of medication errors occurred with admission note implementation. Conclusions: Potential obstacles in the effective use of an admission note to reduce errors do exist. Strategies for improved outcomes in our academic hospital will focus on improved training of general pharmacy staff in HIV management, providing accessible online resources, and emphasizing reconciliation between outpatient and inpatient medication regimens.
On-Farm and Postharvest Processing Sources of Bacterial Contamination to Melon Rinds

Multistate and international foodborne illness outbreaks, particularly involving cantaloupe and often involving rare Salmonella spp., have increased dramatically over the past 13 years. This study assessed the sources and extent of melon rind contamination in production fields and at processing and packing facilities. In the spring of 1999, cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. [reticulatus group] cv. Cruiser) sampled from two sites in the Rio Grande River Valley showed that postharvest-processed melon rinds often had greater plate counts of bacterial contaminants than field-fresh melons. Cantaloupe in the field had 2.5 to 3.5 log CFU g−1 rind total coliforms by aerobic plate counts, whereas washed melons had 4.0 to 5.0 log CFU g−1. In the fall of 1999, coliforms on honeydew melons (C. melo [inodorous group] cv. Honey Brew) ranged from 2.6 to 3.7 log CFU g−1 after processing, and total and fecal coliforms and enterococci never fell below 2.5 log CFU g−1. A hydrocooler at another site contaminated cantaloupe rinds w...
Web site creation for mobile devices

We are living in an age where the current generation has learned to multi-task with technology much like the last generation learned to drive a car and listen to the radio at the same time. Some have literally skipped buying a desktop or laptop and have gone straight to an ipad or iphone. In 2013, there will be more internet viewers using mobile devices than desktops. Market analysis from Juniper Research estimates that the number of mobile web users will grow from 577 million in 2008 to more than 1.7 billion by the end of 2013.
Patient perceptions of stool-based DNA testing across racial groups.

1569 Background: Despite the widespread acceptance of colonoscopy as the gold standard for Colorectal Cancer (CRC) screening, compliance rates with recommended CRC screening lag far behind screenin...
An Examination of the Book of Common Prayer as Technical Writing for an Oral–Aural Culture:

This article addresses limitations in the scholarship on the Edwardian editions of the Book of Common Prayer (1549 and 1552) and contributes to the growing body of research on early modern technica...
Lamin B is a target for selective nuclear PQC by BAG3: implication for nuclear envelopathies

Nuclear envelopathies are recognized genetic disorders affecting individuals with mutations in their genes encoding members of the lamin family of nuclear envelope proteins that are responsible for maintaining the architectural structure of the nucleus. Irregularity in shape and size of the nuclei, nuclear membrane rupture, and appearance of micronuclei in the cytoplasm are among the pathological features of the syndrome. Here, we demonstrate that Bcl2-associated anthanogene-3 (BAG3), a stress-induced co-chaperone protein that by association with heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) participates in regulation of autophagy, plays a critical role in the integrity of the nuclear membrane in cardiomyocytes. Cells subjected to proteotoxic stress or BAG3 downregulation show perinuclear accumulation of the aberrant ubiquitinated proteins that are often associated with the appearance of misshapen, enlarged, and elongated nuclei. There were dense accumulations of lamin B in the perinuclear area and distribution of lamin B-positive micronuclei in the cytoplasmic space, indicative of nuclear envelope rupture. Overexpression of BAG3 in cells under proteotoxic stress ameliorated pathological nuclear morphology and reduced cytoplasmic distribution of the micronuclei particles. Subcellular co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated interaction of lamin B with the BAG domain of BAG3 and HSP70, suggesting the importance of BAG3 in the selective clearance of a surplus of aggregated lamin B that is generated during stress conditions. Our findings define a novel role for BAG3 in nuclear protein quality control and suggest an alternative pathogenetic pathway that contributes to the development of nuclear envelopathies.
Justification of unilateral hysterectomy-ovariectomy as a model to evaluate uterine capacity in swine.

Experimental objectives were to measure the effect of ovulation rate on litter size at 86 d of gestation and at farrowing in 110 unilaterally hysterectomized-ovariectomized (UHO) gilts and in 142 intact, control gilts and to evaluate postnatal survival and development of progeny. Surgery (UHO) was performed on gilts 8 to 12 d following first estrus. Control and UHO gilts were mated and then randomly assigned to be slaughtered at d 86 of gestation or allowed to farrow. Gilts scheduled to farrow were observed by laparoscopy on d 40 of gestation to count corpora lutea (CL). Ovulation rate (number of CL) was similar for control (12.1 CL) and UHO (11.9 CL) gilts, thus indicating that compensatory ovarian hypertrophy had occurred in UHO gilts and resulted in a near doubling of ova per uterine horn relative to control gilts. Average litter size at 86 d of gestation and farrowing was greater (P less than .01) for control than UHO gilts. At farrowing, litter size for control and UHO gilts was 9.0 +/- .3 and 5.7 +/- .3 pigs, respectively. Fetal losses were greater and pig weights at birth were less in litters by UHO gilts. Postnatal pig survival, growth rate to 14 d of age and 14-d individual pig weight did not differ for progeny of control and UHO gilts, and performance of UHO pogeny did not appear to compromise the usefulness of this animal model. Regression of litter size on ovulation rate was .41 +/- .15 pigs/CL for UHO and .60 +/- .12 pigs/CL for control gilts at d 86 of gestation. Regression was .07 +/- .17 pigs/CL for UHO and .42 +/- .14 pigs/CL for control gilts at farrowing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Parental Perceptions of interventions to Prevent and Manage Obesity in Children: Qualitative Analysis in underserved Inner-city Communities

Purpose: Evaluate parental perceptions and preferences regarding nutrition interventions for their children through questionnaires and focus groups with caregivers of overweight and obese children in an underserved, predominantly African American, inner city community.1 Methods: The target population was caregivers of children age 3-18 with a BMI > 85%. Purposeful sampling identified participants who could provide information related to healthy eating and exercise. Questionnaires were used to determine children’s eating and exercise habits. Three focus group discussions with participants provided qualitative information related to health habits and …
“Scratch a Russian, Find a Turk”

In this first-rate monograph, Cornelia Soldat confirms earlier impressionistic assertions that the portrayal of Ivan IV as a tyrant and the Muscovites as barbarians in German-language pamphlets (Flugschriften) written as propaganda during the Livonian War (1558–1582), are simply projections onto the Muscovite discourse of the motifs of the anti-Ottoman discourse that originated in the fifteenth century after the fall of Constantinople in 1453. Therefore the pamphlets have no value whatsoever for the study of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Muscovite history. These conclusions have wider significance for the interpretation of the historical reliability of two other source genres beyond the scope of Soldat's monograph, Livonian chronicles and defector German travel accounts written by Germans who served Ivan IV but then fled Muscovy to write scurrilous denunciations of him as a tyrant.