cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Speaking Truth to Power: The Role of Politics, Policy, and Persuasion in Organizing Home Care Workers

The primary purpose of labor unions is to give workers a voice in improving the terms and conditions of their employment. Recently many unions have begun to combine elements of social movement unionism and community unionism to organize and advocate for workers’ interests. The strategies employed include: coalition building, developing members’ political skills and self-competence, and promoting greater levels of activism and participation of rank-and-file members (Cobble 2001, Lopez 2004, Robinson 2000, Voss and Sherman 2000, Tattersall 2008). A key aspect of the strategic direction unions pursue is demonstrating their legitimacy both to members and to the general public. Social movement unions stake a claim to moral legitimacy through their efforts to bring about economic and workplace justice. It is precisely because they fight economic inequality and provide voice to the less powerful members of society that social movement unions can claim moral legitimacy (Nissen 2003). Managing perceptions of legitimacy is crucial to the labor movement (Chaison and Bigelow 2002). One method for managing perceptions of legitimacy is for unions to identify with other legitimate social groups. By forming alliances with other social groups, unions engage in what Ashforth and Gibbs (1990) label “symbolic management.” This research examines the process by which the Service Employees International Union (SEIU) Local 775, along with home care workers, and community groups successfully pressed for social and political changes in Washington. Drawing on interviews with leaders of SEIU Local 775 in Washington and archival union data, we analyze the strategy employed to organize home care workers, establish a statewide public authority, and negotiate a first contract. Social movement unionism, with its emphasis on promoting labor-community coalitions, is particularly well-suited organizing in the service sector. Nevertheless, the SEIU faced numerous challenges in organizing a large, geographically dispersed, low-wage workforce, and negotiating and administering the first collective bargaining agreement. In pursuit of shared goals, the SEIU and its partners used a variety of tactics including policy borrowing and tinkering, a ballot initiative, coalition building, lobbying, and legislative politics.
Importing Daubert to Administrative Agencies Through the Information Quality Act

Exasperated at the inability of the common law to adequately protect the public health and environment from toxic hazards, Congress passed a series of vigorous environmental laws in the 1970s to regulate activities involving dangerous products and wastes. The common law had proven woefully ineffective to redress these harms since it required proof of harm and convincing evidence of causation before granting recovery. Stringent common law causation requirements thus effectively exculpated most defendants who produced or disposed of toxics due to substantial scientific unknowns regarding the long-term effects of their
A New Membrane Process for Recovering Organics from Aqueous Wastes

Membrane technology offers great potential for treating industrial wastes. Membrane methods that could potentially be applied to wastewater treatment have been reviewed extensively in a recent Department of Energy report on membrane separation systems1 and by various workers in the field2,3. These methods include reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, coupled/facilitated transport (liquid membrane), pervaporation, and electrodialysis. Membranes can also be used as contactors to carry out gas stripping and liquid-liquid extraction4,5.
Pathophysiology of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Androgen-targeted therapy aimed at abrogating androgen receptor (AR) mediated growth is the mainstay of treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Targeting of microtubules (taxane chemotherapy) and androgen signaling (antiandrogens) have survival benefits in patients with metastatic CRPC (mCRPC), but therapeutic resistance invariably develops yielding lethal disease. Addiction of tumor cells in CRPC to AR signaling and constitutively active AR splice variants is the primary driver of this resistance. Multiple mechanisms, including an innate intratumoral feed-back mechanism resulting in increased de novo production of steroids, account for the higher androgen levels in CRPC, despite castrate levels of circulating androgens. The AR “zip code” localization has been placed into a critical targeting position in CRPC, not only by AR signaling inhibitors, but also by microtubule-targeting taxane chemotherapy. This chapter discusses the current understanding of addiction of CRPC to aberrant AR activity via its interactions with other signaling networks and the effect of targeted therapeutics in overcoming cross-resistance in advanced disease towards increasing patient survival.
The Case Against Medicaid Expansion in North Carolina

This commentary argues against Medicaid expansion in North Carolina for 5 reasons: Expansion will reduce access to care for highly vulnerable individuals who are already enrolled in Medicaid; it is unlikely to save lives; it is unaffordable in the long run; its current financing structure encourages fiscal irresponsibility; and it will eliminate more jobs than it creates.
Measuring vibrational motion from a moving platform using speckle field detection

We investigate the ability of a holographic laser vibrometer to mitigate noise introduced when operating on a moving platform or when measuring a moving target. This motion introduces a fundamental limitation on the measurement sensitivity due to the time-varying speckle pattern produced as the illumination beam scans across the target surface. In addition, since existing systems record the phase of only a single speckle grain, speckle fading imposes a limit on the coherent processing interval and thus the frequency resolution of these measurements. In this work, we show that by measuring N speckle grains in parallel using holographic detection, we are able to provide a N1/2 improvement in the system sensitivity while simultaneously overcoming the limitations on the coherent processing interval imposed by speckle fading. The ability to perform sensitive vibrational measurements of a moving target or from a moving platform could dramatically increase the applications available to laser vibrometry.
Characterizations of nonlinear optical properties on GaN crystals in polar, nonpolar, and semipolar orientations

We report the basic nonlinear optical properties, namely, two-photon absorption coefficient ( β), three-photon absorption coefficient ( γ), and Kerr nonlinear refractive index ( n kerr), of GaN crystals in polar c-plane, nonpolar m-plane, and semipolar ( 20 21 ¯) plane orientations. A typical Z-scan technique was used for the measurement with a femtosecond Ti:S laser from wavelengths of 724 nm to 840 nm. For the two-photon absorption coefficient ( β), similar values were obtained for polar, nonpolar, and semipolar samples, which are characterized to be ∼0.90 cm/GW at 724 nm and ∼0.65 cm/GW at 730 nm for all the three samples. For the Kerr nonlinear refractive index ( n kerr), self-focusing features were observed in this work, which is different from previous reports where self-defocusing features were observed on GaN in the visible and near-UV spectral regions. At 724 nm, n kerr was measured to be ∼2.5 0 × 10 − 14 cm 2 / W for all three samples. Three-photon absorption coefficients ( γ) were also determ...
Color and impact to HMD design

Desires by customers for color helmet mounted displays (HMD) that are suitable for day and night viewing are being explored by several companies. One major area of difficulty for designers is selecting a shade of blue that is bright enough to be seen and that can be discriminated as blue in a bright ambient environment. Customers have concerns on how rich the color of blue must be to satisfy the pilot, but this may sometimes become a conflicting requirement of discrimination. Rockwell Collins is designing the next generation HMD and believes that color, if not a requirement, will be an expectation in the future. To this end Rockwell Collins has conducted testing on a full color HMD display with a goal of determining the best color blue/cyan for our design. Our goal is to determine the u’v’ coordinates on the CIE chart that meets both goals of brightness and discrimination. Our testing used a fixed wing HMD with a full color, 24 bit, OLED display. Multiple symbols and colors were used during the testing, and subjects were not aware of the goal of the study. It was found during the study that a much brighter blue/cyan can be presented and discriminated from other colors. Our paper will discuss the testing approach, and a summary of data and results. A conclusion is presented at the end of the paper of the HMD design impacts and implications of focusing less on color and more on discrimination.
The characterization of actin associated with postsynaptic membranes from Torpedocalifornica

Abstract SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica electroplax membrane fragments shows, in addition to the four receptor subunits of 40,000, 50,000, 60,000 and 65,000 daltons, other components of apparent molecular weights 43,000, 47,000 and 90,000 daltons. In this study deoxyribonuclease I inhibitory activity has been used to identify actin in Torpedo californica receptor-enriched membranes and affinity chromatography on a deoxyribonuclease I agarose column has been used to purify this protein from the membrane preparations. In addition the membrane protein components have been analyzed by electrophoresis on a series of SDS-polyacrylamide gels of varying acrylamide concentrations. Evidence is presented that actin is a component of most preparations of receptor-enriched membrane fragments, having an apparent molecular weight of 47,000 daltons, and is distinct from the 43,000 dalton protein.
Evaluation of Patient Education Programs

Patient education is a vital component of comprehensive quality care for patients with chronic disease. Rarely is patient instruction evaluated, however, in terms of its effectiveness and efficiency. This article presents a rationale for evaluation of patient education and lists several benefits of evaluation to the clinician. A model for evaluation and evaluation activities is described for both the process of developing a patient education program and evaluating its results. Application of this model and examples of the use of evaluation activities are demonstrated in a "real world" experience. The description of a formal patient education program for rheumatoid arthritis patients in a general hospital setting illustrates the usefulness of evaluation in developing and carrying out effective patient education.
Migration as a Theologizing Experience

AbstractThe suggestion by Hanciles that migration is a “theologizing experience” is the starting point for exploring the way in which mission in a western context, in partnership with non-western migrants, can be a mutually transforming experience. Hanciles suggests that non-western migrant people bring a new paradigm of mission which is radically different from the way Western mission has been done in the past because it offers itself in weakness, risk, diversity, and dependency. However, theologically and experientially, migration brings with it many ambiguities and creative tensions, which means that Hanciles’ analysis may need to be more nuanced. In particular the notion that migrants are involved in a “reverse mission” to the West “from below” which characterizes the new paradigm has a number of problems in reality. This is explored particularly in a British context, in which we find that the contribution of migrants to mission, though sometimes encouraging, is varied, and that issues which have mired western mission in the past are re-appearing “in reverse”. It is therefore suggested that a mutual inter culturality between migrants and indigenous Western churches from the very beginning of the encounter may provide the promise of a more transformative mission experience. They have more in common than they realize: the irony is that the western church finds itself also in a situation of “exile”, though in a very different sense. Marginalized, alien to the secular culture, in decline, with their religious identity no longer “at home”, the Western Christian experience of exile resonates with the migrant experience of exile, which is ground for a genuine partnership in mission. It is concluded that mission as a theologizing experience can work for transformative mission where there is genuine interculturality, and that this could mitigate the problems of thinking of migrant mission purely in terms of “reverse mission”.
Self-Assembly of Protein Fibrils in Microgravity

Deposits of insoluble protein fibrils in human tissue are associated with amyloidosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Different proteins are involved in each disease; all are soluble in their native conformation in vivo, but by molecular self-assembly, they all form insoluble protein fibril deposits with a similar cross β-sheet structure. This paper reports the results of an experiment in molecular self-assembly carried out in microgravity on the International Space Station (ISS). The Self-Assembly in Biology and the Origin of Life (SABOL) experiment was designed to study the growth of lysozyme fibrils in microgravity. Lysozyme is a model protein that has been shown to replicate the aggregation processes of other amyloid proteins. Here the design and performance of the experimental hardware is described in detail. The flight experiment was carried to the ISS in the Dragon capsule of the SpaceX CRS-5 mission and returned to Earth after 32 days. The lysozyme fibrils formed in microgravity aboard the ISS show a distinctly different morphology compared to fibrils formed in the ground-control (G-C) experiment. The fibrils formed in microgravity are shorter, straighter, and thicker than those formed in the laboratory G-C experiment. For two incubation periods, (2) about 8.5 days and (3) about 14.5 days, the average ISS and G-C fibril diameters are respectively: Period 2 DISS = 7.5nm ± 31%, and DG-C = 3.4nm ± 31% Period 3 DISS = 6.2nm ± 33%, and DG-C = 3.6nm ± 33%.
Pain and Emergency Department Use in the Last Month of Life Among Older Adults With Dementia.

Abstract Context Pain may be a potentially modifiable risk factor for expensive and burdensome emergency department (ED) visits near the end of life for older adults with dementia. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the effect of pain and unmet need for pain management on ED visits in the last month of life in older adults with dementia. Methods This is a mortality follow-back study of older adults with dementia in the National Health and Aging Trends Study who died between 2012 and 2014, linked to Medicare claims. Results Two hundred eighty-one National Health and Aging Trends Study decedents with dementia met criteria (mean age 86 years, 61% female, 81% white). Fifty-seven percent had at least one ED visit in the last month of life, and 46.5% had an ED visit that resulted in a hospital admission. Almost three out of four (73%) of decedents experienced pain in the last month of life, and 10% had an unmet need for pain management. After adjustment for age, gender, race, educational attainment, income, comorbidities, and impairment in activities of daily living, pain was not associated with increased ED use in the last month of life (adjusted incident rate ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.64–1.17). However, decedents with unmet need for pain management had an almost 50% higher rate of ED visits in the last month of life than those without unmet needs (adjusted incident rate ratio 1.46, 95% CI 1.07–1.99). Conclusion Among older adults with dementia, unmet need for pain management was associated with more frequent ED visits in the last month of life.
CRISPR knockout screening identifies combinatorial drug targets in pancreatic cancer and models cellular drug response

Predicting the response and identifying additional targets that will improve the efficacy of chemotherapy is a major goal in cancer research. Through large-scale in vivo and in vitro CRISPR knockout screens in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells, we identified genes whose genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition synergistically increase the cytotoxicity of MEK signaling inhibitors. Furthermore, we show that CRISPR viability scores combined with basal gene expression levels could model global cellular responses to the drug treatment. We develop drug response evaluation by in vivo CRISPR screening (DREBIC) method and validated its efficacy using large-scale experimental data from independent experiments. Comparative analyses demonstrate that DREBIC predicts drug response in cancer cells from a wide range of tissues with high accuracy and identifies therapeutic vulnerabilities of cancer-causing mutations to MEK inhibitors in various cancer types.
Is the Child Really What’s Being Rated? Sources of Variance in Teacher Ratings of Socioemotional Skills:

This study examined three potential sources of variance in teacher ratings of the socioemotional skills of children: occasion, child, and teacher. The ratings were prepared using the Devereux Student Strengths Assessment. In total, 344 children were assessed in both the fall and spring of kindergarten and first grade, providing a total of 1,067 ratings across 106 teachers. We employed cross-classified random effects models to account for multiple occasions of measurement that were nested within both children and teachers, which allowed us to determine the amounts of variance attributable to occasion, children, and teachers. Overall, occasion accounted for the greatest proportion of variance (43%-50%) across a variety of socioemotional subscales, followed by child (36%-46%), and teacher (11%-16%). Findings suggest that caution is warranted when using these scales for high-stake decisions.
Floquet Majorana zero and π modes in planar Josephson junctions

We show how Floquet Majorana fermions may be experimentally realized by periodic driving of a solid-state platform. The system comprises a planar Josephson junction made of a proximitized heterostructure containing a two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and Zeeman field. We map the subgap Andreev bound states of the junction to an effective one-dimensional Kitaev model with long-range hopping and pairing terms. Using this effective model, we study the response of the system to periodic driving of the chemical potential, as applied via microwaves through a top gate. We use the bulk Floquet topological invariants to characterize the system in terms of the number of zero and $\ensuremath{\pi}$ Majorana modes for experimentally realistic parameters. We present signatures of these modes on differential conductance and local density of states. A notable feature is subharmonic response to the drive when both Majorana zero and $\ensuremath{\pi}$ modes are present, thus opening up the possibility of using this feature to clearly identify Majorana modes. We highlight the robustness of these features to disorder, and show that despite hybridization due to long localization lengths, the main features of the subharmonic response are still identifiable in an experimental system that is readily accessible.
Fractional Flow Reserve Guided Coronary Revascularization in Lung Transplant Recipients

Purpose Coronary artery disease is a common incidental finding on coronary angiography performed as a work up for lung transplantation listing. Management of asymptomatic intermediate severity coronary artery disease (40-70% epicardial stenosis) and how it impacts outcomes post-transplant is largely empirical and based on local practice patterns and perceptions. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a proven strategy in patients with stable medically refractory angina pectoris. Here we report outcomes post lung transplantation in patients undergoing FFR guided revascularization for asymptomatic intermediate coronary artery disease. Methods We reviewed all lung transplant patients who received diagnostic coronary angiography in our institution since 1994. Patients with greater than 70% stenosis were excluded. Patients with intermediate severity coronary artery disease (40-70% angiographic stenosis) were managed with FFR guided coronary revascularization with either CABG at the time of lung transplantation or pre-lung transplantation PCI. FFR less than 0.80 was considered significant. Survival and major adverse cardiac outcomes (non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke) were compared with those who underwent lung transplantation with no coronary revascularization. Results Among 370 consecutive lung transplant recipients at our institution, 25 (6.7%) underwent coronary revascularization (10 with simultaneous FFR guided CABG, 13 with simultaneous CABG and 2 with PCI prior to listing). 13 lung transplant recipients with non-FFR guided simultaneous CABG were excluded. Median survival was 1.51 years in those who didn't need coronary revascularization and 2.20 years in those who received FFR guided coronary revascularization (p=0.678). Major adverse cardiac event rates on follow up were also similar in the two groups (17.4% in no CABG vs 20% in FFR guided CABG, p= 0.849) at a median follow up of 31 months. Conclusion Concurrent coronary artery disease if managed with a FFR based coronary revascularization strategy CABG, is not associated with worse survival in orthotopic lung transplant recipients.
Walking to Magdalena: Personhood and Place in Tohono O’odham Songs, Sticks, and Stories: by Seth Schermerhorn. New Visions in Native American and Indigenous Studies Series. 258 pp., Photos, Map, Appendices, Index. University of Nebraska Press, 2019. $60.00 (Cloth), ISBN 978-1-4962-0685-5

Probably not since Ruth M. Underhill’s Singing for Power: The Song Magic of the Papago Indians of Southern Arizona, published in 1938, then reprinted with a foreword by Ofelia Zepeda in 1993, has a...
Current assessment and diagnostic practices in the United States: What they are missing

Abstract Despite the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder, there continues to be inconsistencies and a lack of cohesion in the practices of assessment and diagnosis. Consequently, this opens the possibilities of underdiagnosis, overdiagnosis, and misdiagnosis, which has significant ramifications for treatment and for children and their families overall. What is missing is consistent, standardized, and culturally informed multidisciplinary assessments over time by a range of practitioners who evaluate in domain-specific areas. In addition, the information gleaned from the range of evaluations must be integrated to form a comprehensive understanding of the child's individual differences, including strengths and weaknesses, and his or her particular needs. However, before this can happen, better education and training for frontline professionals, such as health-care providers, early childhood educators, and other significant professionals that work with children with neurodevelopmental disorders, is needed.
Non-intrusive Identification of Student Attentiveness and Finding Their Correlation with Detectable Facial Emotions

Teachers use observational cues in the classroom to identify attentiveness of students and guide the pace of their lecture. However, effectiveness of this technique decreases with increasing class size. This paper presented an approach for automating these observational cues from the students' facial expressions and identifying their attentiveness via a neural network machine learning model. Results of the deep learning Convolutional Neural Network model were then compared with the range of confidence values obtained from a cloud-based emotion recognition service to identify the correlations with human observer. Real time videos of students were collected during classes and sample dataset were created for attentive and inattentive students in order to train the machine learning model. This system can be highly useful for inexperienced teachers for early identification of inattentive students in classroom and thereby taking necessary actions to enhance student learning.
Mechanisms of Fano-resonant biosensing: Mechanical loading of plasmonic oscillators

Abstract Distinctively narrow and asymmetric line shape Fano resonances arise due to resonant interactions of sub-radiant and super-radiant modes in plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials. A number of recent experimental studies have shown unique opportunities provided by highly dispersive Fano resonances in biosensing applications. However, there is limited understanding of Fano resonant optical response to biomolecular accumulation. Here, we introduce a phenomenological model that can precisely describe the intricate nature of the Fano resonances in plasmonic nanohole arrays and provide unambiguous physical insights into biosensing experiments. Using rigorous electromagnetic simulations and experimental measurements as benchmarking tools, we show that the non-trivial contribution of molecular accumulation to Fano resonant plasmonic response can be incorporated as a mechanical loading effect in a coupled-oscillator model. Quite remarkably, our phenomenological approach captures the complex spectral response of the Fano resonance profile and asymmetric linewidth broadening upon molecular accumulation. Furthermore, in strong agreement with our experimental measurements, we show that our parameterized​ model has predictive power in fine tuning the Fano resonant extraordinary light transmission lineshape using structural design parameters without resorting to electromagnetic simulations. Our phenomenological model provides a general analytical method that can be adapted to understand biomolecular detection measurements in different plasmonic and metamaterial systems.
Concordance and Performance of 4Kscore and SelectMDx for Informing Decision to Perform Prostate Biopsy and Detection of Prostate Cancer

Objectives To compare both the concordance between the 4Kscore and SelectMDx for informing decision to perform prostate biopsy (PB) and the performance of these tests for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Several biomarkers were developed to inform decisions whether to perform a PB based on the probability of detecting csPCa. There is a paucity of studies directly comparing them Methods Between 11/2018 and 4/2019, all new referrals with the diagnosis of elevated PSA were advised to undergo 4Kscore and SelectMDx in order to guide the selection of candidates for PB. Men were advised to undergo PB if the reported biomarker risk for detecting csPCA was ≥7.5%, or if they presented a Prostate Image Reporting and Data System ≥1 MRI. Cohen's Kappa was used to assess the concordance between the binary 4Kscore and SelectMDx results using externally validated cutoffs of 7.5% and 12%. Receiver operating characteristics curve and area under the curve (AUC) assessed the performance of each biomarker for distinguishing csPCa. Results Of 128 consecutive patients referred, 114 (89.1%) underwent 4Kscore and SelectMDx. The kappa coefficient between the biomarkers using the 7.5% cutoff was 0.184 (poor concordance) and 0.22 using the 12% cutoff. The two biomarkers yielded discordant guidance whether to proceed with PB in 46% and 38% of cases, respectively. csPCa was found in 22 of the 50 patients who underwent PB (44%). The AUC for 4Kscore and SelectMDx was 0.830 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.710 - 0.949) and 0.672 (95%CI: 0.517 - 0.828; P = .036) for csPCa, respectively. Conclusion The discordance observed between the 4Kscore and SelectMDx is disconcerting. The 4Kscore when combined with magnetic resonance imaging was superior to the SelectMDx for detecting csPCa. Prospective comparative studies must be performed to optimize implementation of biomarkers for selecting candidates for PB.
Low-rank Tensor Bandits

In recent years, multi-dimensional online decision making has been playing a crucial role in many practical applications such as online recommendation and digital marketing. To solve it, we introduce stochastic low-rank tensor bandits, a class of bandits whose mean rewards can be represented as a low-rank tensor. We propose two learning algorithms, tensor epoch-greedy and tensor elimination, and develop finite-time regret bounds for them. We observe that tensor elimination has an optimal dependency on the time horizon, while tensor epoch-greedy has a sharper dependency on tensor dimensions. Numerical experiments further back up these theoretical findings and show that our algorithms outperform various state-of-the-art approaches that ignore the tensor low-rank structure.
MeetingCoach: An Intelligent Dashboard for Supporting Effective & Inclusive Meetings

Video-conferencing is essential for many companies, but its limitations in conveying social cues can lead to ineffective meetings. We present MeetingCoach, an intelligent post-meeting feedback dashboard that summarizes contextual and behavioral meeting information. Through an exploratory survey (N=120), we identified important signals (e.g., turn taking, sentiment) and used these insights to create a wireframe dashboard. The design was evaluated with in situ participants (N=16) who helped identify the components they would prefer in a post-meeting dashboard. After recording video-conferencing meetings of eight teams over four weeks, we developed an AI system to quantify the meeting features and created personalized dashboards for each participant. Through interviews and surveys (N=23), we found that reviewing the dashboard helped improve attendees’ awareness of meeting dynamics, with implications for improved effectiveness and inclusivity. Based on our findings, we provide suggestions for future feedback system designs of video-conferencing meetings.
The Impact of Language Training on the Transfer of Pre-Immigration Skills and the Wages of Immigrants

In this paper, I estimate the impact of language courses on the wages of new immigrants. I develop a model of immigrants' investment in language skills which affect wages directly, but also increase the proportion of pre-immigration skills transferred into the host-country economy. I estimate the model, employing instrumental variables to address the endogeneity of language course participation. Attending language courses for six months leads to an average wage increase of 11.3 percent. The transfer of pre-immigration cognitive skills into the host-country economy accounts for 6.1 percentage points of this increase and the direct channel - for 5.2 percentage points.
Don't give up when communication is difficult: Online well-being advice for caregivers of people with Alzheimer's and dementia.

Sixteen million people in the United States are unpaid caregivers to people with Alzheimer’s or dementia. Although caregiver investment is associated with personal and relational benefits, there ar...
The Interpersonal Dimension

The increased dependency produced by chronic illness can disrupt relationships within the family (Links & Kaplan, 1980; E.A. Ziegler, 1987). Some family members may become overprotective or indulgent, fearing that the patient will die or become incapacitated. This can take the form of “anxious supervision” and nagging about what the patient can or cannot do. The patient then becomes angry and rebels against the overprotection and dependency. Family members can resent the patient’s special status, thinking that no one appreciates how their own lives have changed as a result of the illness. They begin to feel neglected and unimportant in their own right, since so much attention is drawn to the patient.
Education for Sustainability in Primary Health and Physical Education

Health and physical education is a combined and integrated curriculum area in Australia and New Zealand. While this approach is not always the case in all learning contexts (e.g., the UK), for the purpose of this chapter, we have positioned health education as the main focus for education for sustainability (EfS).
Do the ACOSOG Z0011 Criteria Affect the Number of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Removed

Introduction We sought to determine if adoption of the Z0011 criteria was associated with removal of more sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs).
The Determinants of Executive Branch Compensation

In the literature on the economic approach to politics and regulation the role of the executive branch of government has largely escaped the attention of scholars. Most analysis in this area, and in public choice generally, has focused on legislative behavior. Yet in our federal system of checks and balances, a tripartite system for legislation exists. To become a law, a measure must secure the approval of both houses of the legislature, the chief executive, and, if a subsequent dispute arises over the validity of the law, the judiciary. In a federal system the various branches of government are, in effect, constituted as separate legislative bodies. The chief executive, for example, through the use of the veto power, represents a third house of the legislature. Thus, in a practical, institutional sense the economic approach to analyzing politics is incomplete without some consideration of the behavior of the executive and judicial branches of government.1
Balloon-facilitated delivery of a left ventricular pacing lead.

While modern implant tools have contributed greatly to the success of cardiac resynchronization therapy, technical challenges remain. A common problem is the inability to advance left ventricular pacing leads into branch veins that are tortuous or arise at steep angles. In these cases, advancement of the lead causes it to buckle and prolapse into the coronary sinus or great cardiac vein. Lead prolapsed can be avoided by employing a balloon to temporarily obstruct the coronary sinus or great cardiac vein just upstream from the branch vein. The balloon redirects the force of advancement laterally into the branch vein, facilitating delivery. (PACE 2013; 36:e31–e34)
A reconfigurable binary/RNS/LNS architecture for DSP

An integrated digital signal processing machine will accept data from a plethera of sensors and/or subsystems which may be running at different speeds and with different precision/dynamic range metrics. Data would be manipulated using a set of algorithms which perform a variety of filtering or transform tasks. The design of such a machine considered in this paper, integrates recent advancements in mesh array synthesis with processor technology. The result is a high-throughput GIPS class DSP machine capable of responding to a wide mix of system and user defined DSP problems.
Platelet adhesion and aggregation on human type VI collagen surfaces under physiological flow conditions

Type VI collagen is a subendothelial constituent that binds von Willebrand factor (vWF) and platelets. The interaction of platelets with type VI collagen and the roles of platelet glycoprotein (GP) receptors and vWF were studied under flow conditions using epi-fluorescent videomicroscopy coupled with digital image processing. We found that surface coverage was less than 6% on collagen VI at a relatively high-wall shear rate (1,000 s-1) and was approximately 60% at a low-wall shear rate (100 s-1). The molecular mechanisms involved in low-shear platelet binding were studied using monoclonal antibodies to platelet GPIb and GPIIb-IIIa, and polymeric aurin tricarboxylic acid. Anti-GPIIb-IIIa was the most effective in eliminating adhesion (surface coverage, 0.8%), followed by anti-GPIb (4.3%), and ATA (12.6%). Experiments with von Willebrand disease blood indicate that vWF is involved in platelet adhesion to collagen VI at 100 s-1. In the absence of vWF, there may be direct binding of platelet GPIIb-IIIa complexes to collagen VI. Adhesion and aggregation on collagen VI are different in shear rate dependence from collagen I. Our results suggest a possible role for collagen VI and vWF in platelet adhesion and aggregation in vascular regions with low shear rates.
Maximum Principle of a Class of Nonlinear PDE Systems

In Banach spaces with either L2 or L? type norm a generalized integral version of Maximum Principle for a class of nonlinear PDEs and a general cost functional is derived. The developed theory is applied to the design of a two-dimensional nonlinear hyperbolic system.
Wearable wireless sensors for chronic respiratory disease monitoring

We present a wearable sensor system consisting of a wristband and chest patch to enable the correlation of individual environmental exposure to health response for understanding impacts of ozone on chronic asthma conditions. The wrist worn device measures ambient ozone concentration, heart rate via plethysmography (PPG), three-axis acceleration, ambient temperature, and ambient relative humidity. The chest patch measures heart rate via electrocardiography (ECG) and PPG, respiratory rate via PPG, wheezing via a microphone, and three-axis acceleration. The data from each sensor is continually streamed to a peripheral data aggregation device, and is subsequently transferred to a dedicated server for cloud storage. The current generation of the system uses only commercially-off-the-shelf (COTS) components where the entire electronic structure of the wristband has dimensions of 3.1×4.1×1.2 cm3 while the chest patch electronics has a dimensions of 3.3×4.4×1.2 cm3. The power consumptions of the wristband and chest patch are 78 mW and 33 mW respectively where using a 400 mAh lithium polymer battery would operate the wristband for around 15 hours and the chest patch for around 36 hours.
Lightweight erectable space antennas

The requirements for large leightweight antennas for various space applications has led to the investigation of many types of self-erecting space antennas. The techniques for achieving erectable antennas are discussed, along with the possibilities and problems that each presents to the antenna engineer. Some erectable antenna types, including several which have been built at Goodyear Aircraft Corporation, are described. These include an inflatable turnstile, mechanically erected parabolics, an inflatable lenticular, an inflatable airmat paraboloid and a foamed reflector. An example of the type of problem to be discussed includes the tradeoff between the structural aspects and the electrical design of the lenticular antenna, which uses fabric drop threads in its interior and therefore requires some attention to the dielectric constant of the medium to achieve equivalent electrical path lengths.
SAINT-VENANT TYPE DECAY RESULTS FOR ILL-POSED ELLIPTIC PROBLEMS

Differential inequalities play a vital role in the study of ordinary and partial differential equations. In this paper we make use of first-order differential inequalities to investigate the decay of solutions to two ill-posed elliptic problems in a semi-infinite cylindrical domain.
In Field Measurements of Nitrogen Mineralization Following Fall Applications of N and the Termination of Winter Cover Crops

Little is known about the timing and quantity of nitrogen (N) mineralization from cover crop residue following cover crop termination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the impact of cover crop species on the return of fall applied N to the soil in the spring following chemical and winter terminations. Fall N was applied (200 kg N ha⁻¹) into a living stand of cereal rye, tillage radish, and control (no cover crop). After chemical termination in the spring, soil samples were collected weekly and were analyzed for inorganic N (NO₃–N and NH₄–N) to investigate mineralization over time. Cereal rye soil inorganic N concentrations were similar to that of the control in both the spring of 2012 and 2013. Fall N application into tillage radish, cereal rye, and control plots resulted in an average 91, 57, and 66% of the fall N application rate as inorganic N in the spring at the 0–20 cm depth, respectively. The inclusion of cover crops into conventional cropping systems stabilized N at the soil surface and has the potential to improve the efficiency of fall applied N.
Point-contact tunneling spectroscopy measurement of Cu x TiSe 2 : Disorder-enhanced Coulomb effects

We performed point-contact spectroscopy tunneling measurements on ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{x}\mathrm{TiSe}{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}_{2}$ bulk with $x=0.02$ and $0.06$ at temperatures ranging from $T=4\ensuremath{-}40$ K and observe a suppression in the density of states around zero bias that we attribute to enhanced Coulomb interactions due to disorder. We find that the correlation gap associated with this suppression is related to the zero-temperature resistivity. We use our results to estimate the disorder-free transition temperature and find that the clean limit ${T}_{c0}$ is close to the experimentally observed ${T}_{c}$ at optimal doping.
YEAST PROTEIN GERANYLGERANYLTRANSFERASE TYPE-I: OVERPRODUCTION, PURIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION

Abstract Protein geranylgeranyltransferase type-I (PGGTase-I) catalyzes alkylation of the cysteine residue in proteins containing a consensus C-terminal CaaX sequence ending in leucine by the C20 hydrocarbon moiety in geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP). The Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes encoding the α (RAM2) and β (CDC43) subunits of PGGTase-I were translationally coupled by overlapping the RAM2-CDC43 stop-start codons and by locating a ribosome-binding site near the 3′ end of RAM2. Recombinant PGGTase-I was overproduced in Escherichia coli to give ∼8% of total cellular protein and purified 12-fold to >95% homogeneity in two steps by ion-exchange and immunoaffinity chromatography. The purified heterodimer contained α- and β-subunits with molecular masses of 34 and 42 kDa, respectively. A continuous fluorescence assay was developed to measure PGGTase-I activity. The recombinant enzyme showed maximal activity at pH 7.5 and required both Mg2+ and Zn2+. Michaelis constants for GGPP (1.0 μM) and dansyl-Gly-Cys-Ile-Ile-Leu (2.4 μM) were similar to those reported for yeast protein farnesyltransferase (PFTase) with farnesyl diphosphate and dansyl-Gly-Cys-Val-Ile-Ala; Vmax = 0.20 μmol min−1 mg−1 for recombinant yeast PGGTase-I was similar to that reported for yeast PFTase.
Development of a homologous radioimmunoassay for rat relaxin.

Highly purified rat relaxin has been radioiodinated to specific activities of approximately 100 μCi/μg with the Bolton and Hunter reagent [N-succinimidyl 3-(4-hydroxy-5-[125I] iodophenyl) propionate]. A rabbit antirat relaxin serum, applicable in a final dilution of 1:100,000, was developed in a rabbit using unconjugated highly purified rat relaxin. A specific and precise double antibody RIA for rat relaxin sufficiently sensitive to routinely measure from 32–2000 pg rat relaxin was developed. Using this RIA, relaxin immunoactivity levels in extracts of pregnant rat ovaries were found to rise from 0.8 μg/geQ ovarian fresh tissue on day 8 of pregnancy to 723 μg/geq ovarian fresh tissue on day 20 of pregnancy and then to drop precipitously to 6 μg/geq ovarian fresh tissue on day 1 of lactation. Consistent with the occurrence and relative levels of relaxin in the ovarian extracts, levels of relaxin in pregnant rat serum were less than 2 ng/ml on day 10 of pregnancy, approximately 150 ng/ml on days 20 and 22 o...
Using terahertz spectroscopy as a protein binding assay

The vibrational modes corresponding to protein tertiary structural motion lay in the far infrared or terahertz frequency range. These collective large scale motions depend on global structure and thus will necessarily be perturbed by ligand binding events. We discuss the use of terahertz dielectric spectroscopy to measure these vibrational modes and the sensitivity of the technique to changes in protein conformation, oxidation state and environment. A challenge of applying this sensitivity as a spectroscopic assay for ligand binding is the sensitivity of the technique to both bulk water and water bound to the protein. This sensitivity can entirely obscure the signal from the protein or protein-ligand complex itself, thus necessitating sophisticated sample preparation making the technique impractical for industrial applications. We discuss methods to overcome this background and demonstrate how terahertz spectroscopy can be used to quickly assay protein binding for proteomics and pharmaceutical research.
High-pt probes of the quark–gluon plasma: STAR/PHENIX results at RHIC

Abstract In this talk I review the use of scattered high-pt partons as probes of the quark–gluon plasma formed at RHIC. Recent results from both STAR and PHENIX are used to assess our current understanding of how these partons lose energy as they travel through the plasma and the extent that energy-loss can be used to extract properties of the plasma.
The detection of antibodies in human and animal filariases by counterimmunioelectrophoresis with Dirofilaria immitis antigens

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis revealed the presence of precipitin antibody in all of 6 dogs and the 1 cat infected with Dirofilaria immitis and in the serum of 17 of 24 individuals living in a setting of hyperendemic subperiodic bancroftian filariasis. Antigens used in the test were prepared from microfilariae and adult male D. immitis. Some humans and animals had antibodies to both antigens while others had antibodies against microfilariae or adult worms only. The presence of soluble circulating antigen was detected in the sera of two dogs with high microfilaraemias.
Exploring the Development of Conceptual Ecologies: Communities of Concepts Related to Convection and Heat

In this study of fifth-grade students, we examined the relationships and development of communities of concepts related to heat and convection. The study involved five classes of fifth-grade students who worked with a partner for a series of heat and convection laboratory investigations. Students' knowledge was assessed before and after instruction through the use of a written test, concept maps, card sort tasks, and interviews. During instruction each dyad was audiorecorded and observed by a field researcher. The patterns and connections among students' conceptual ecologies related to heat and convection as well as the types of schemas that were accessed preceding and subsequent to instruction are described. The types of knowledge elicited by each type of assessment are identified. Findings include the influence of familial and cultural experiences (such as airplanes, weather patterns, and religious beliefs) on conceptual development, as well as the extent to which competing phenomena (evaporation and dissolving) have on the development of new conceptual understandings. The study also found that each assessment measure elicited different types of knowledge. Concept maps were effective in describing students' existing schemas related to heat prior to instruction. Multidimensional scaling and the card sorting task provided information on students' conceptual organization for clusters of concepts. The interviews and dyad discourse transcripts were most effective in revealing the processes and prior knowledge that students used as they interpreted new observations in light of preexisting experiences. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 37: 139–159, 2000