cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Data Governance and Strategies for Data Integration

Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the overall adoption of electronic health records and other ancillary systems in health systems across the United States. This has led to a corresponding increase in the volume and breadth of data that are generated during the course of health care operations. Institutions have a strong desire to mine this information for analytic, improvement and research purposes. Most efforts involve the integration of data from multiple source systems, transformation and synthesis into a consolidated view. Several common strategies exist, including the use of data warehouses or integrated data repositories, as well as the creation of project-specific data marts. We describe several of the most common data models used to when creating integrated data repositories for research purposes, as well as the basic steps required for implementation. We also discuss the importance of data governance in healthcare, which includes the tools, policies and procedures that ensure data are used effectively within an institution. This includes efforts around data characterization and data quality, the use of data stewards, management of metadata, and more.
Protective effect of maternal uteroplacental insufficiency on oxygen-induced retinopathy in offspring: removing bias of premature birth

To address the hypothesis that maternal uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI) increases severity of retinopathy of prematurity, we developed a composite rat model of UPI and oxygen-fluctuations and removed premature birth as a confounding factor. Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley dams underwent bilateral uterine artery ligation or anesthesia (control) at e19.5. Full-term pups developed in room air (RA) or an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. Isolectin-stained retinal flat-mounts were analyzed for percent of areas of avascular/total retina (AVA) and of intravitreal neovascular/total retina (IVNV). Pup weights and serum and mRNA of liver and kidney VEGF, IGF-1, and erythropoietin (EPO) were determined. Multivariable mixed effects linear regressions and Pearson correlations were performed using STATA14. Postnatal growth restriction occurred in pups in UPI/RA, but not in UPI/OIR. Weight gain was similar between UPI/OIR and control/OIR pups. AVA was reduced and a trend toward reduced IVNV was seen in UPI/OIR compared to control/OIR. No difference in birth weights of UPI/OIR vs. control/OIR pups occurred. Serum and renal IGF-1 and EPO were significantly increased in UPI/OIR compared to control/OIR pups. In the absence of prematurity, UPI increased angiogenic factors in association with reduced OIR severity, suggesting that ischemia from UPI could yield protective angiogenic effects by offspring.
SUICIDE AND THE SOCIAL SECURITY EARLY RETIREMENT AGE

Using a regression discontinuity framework, this paper documents a previously unnoticed drop of 7%â8% in the U.S. suicide rate upon reaching age 62 during 1990â2014. This decline is concentrated among men, nearly doubled in size over the most recent decade as the income gap between those just older and younger narrowed, and represents the only trend break among ages 45â79. These findings, along with the observed timing of retirement and benefit claims and research on how income affects suicide, suggest that the likely explanation is Social Security early retirement benefit eligibility rather than retirement per se. (JEL I12, H55)
Advances in Cardiac Psychology: Computerized Therapies

From workplace functions, to economic transactions, to interpersonal communication, computers have become nearly inseparable from today’s modern industrialized society. According to the United States Census Bureau (Day, Janus, & Davis, 2005), approximately 70 million American households (62%) had at least one computer in the home in 2003. Statistics on Internet access are even more impressive, with almost three-fourths of American adults (ages 18 years and older) online (Raine, 2010). It is not surprising, then, that public health and general medicine initiatives have increasingly included computerized technologies among the strategies for disease prevention and treatment.
Quality-Aware Voice Convergecast In Mobile Low Power Wireless Networks

Many disasters have shown the critical need for reliable voice communication for mobile users. Low power ad hoc wireless networks have become a promising solution in emergency scenarios because of their low cost and portability. In order to increase communication amongst moving emergency personnel and disaster victims, we have developed a novel convergecast voice streaming system that guarantees robust voice quality in a low power mobile wireless network. The system integrates routing and mobility-aware admission control along with voice compression adjustment to ensure the quality of voice streams. The system is evaluated using Arduino Due micro-controllers with XBee 802.15.4 radios. Our results show that our system can adequately adapt to changing network and routing conditions to deliver sufficient voice quality by maintaining a certain number of concurrent voice streams. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first complete system for quality-aware voice streaming in mobile lower power wireless networks.
Cerebrovascular Responses After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

In children, traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death between the ages of one and four. Injury to the brain as a result of TBI results from primary, secondary, and tertiary insults. Neurotrauma care focuses on minimizing secondary insults, with a major focus being the maintenance of adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF). TBI can disrupt the normal flow leading to increased and decreased amounts of CBF throughout the brain. In children, these changes are dependent on the age and stage of development. This chapter discusses the effect of developmental changes on CBF, cerebral perfusion pressure, and autoregulation of CBF in children of different age groups to further investigate an effective means of limiting the secondary effects of TBI.
TGF-β receptor I/II trafficking and signaling at primary cilia are inhibited by ceramide to attenuate cell migration and tumor metastasis.

Signaling by the transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) receptors I and II (TβRI/II) and the primary cilia-localized sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway promote cell migration and, consequently, tumor metastasis. In contrast, the sphingolipid ceramide inhibits cell proliferation and tumor metastasis. We investigated whether ceramide metabolism inhibited TβRI/II trafficking to primary cilia to attenuate cross-talk between TβRI/II and the Shh pathway. We found that ceramide synthase 4 (CerS4)–generated ceramide stabilized the association between TβRI and the inhibitory factor Smad7, which limited the trafficking of TβRI/II to primary cilia. Expression of a mutant TβRI that signals but does not interact with Smad7 prevented the CerS4-mediated inhibition of migration in various cancer cells. Genetic deletion or knockdown of CerS4 prevented the formation of the Smad7-TβRI inhibitory complex and increased the association between TβRI and the transporter Arl6 through a previously unknown cilia-targeting signal (Ala 31 Thr 32 Ala 33 Leu 34 Gln 35 ) in TβRI. Mutating the cilia-targeting signal abolished the trafficking of TβRI to the primary cilia. Localization of TβRI to primary cilia activated a key mediator of Shh signaling, Smoothened (Smo), which stimulated cellular migration and invasion. TβRI-Smo cross-talk at the cilia in CerS4-deficient 4T1 mammary cancer cells induced liver metastasis from orthotopic allografts in both wild-type and CerS4-deficient mice, which was prevented by overexpression of Smad7 or knockdown of intraflagellar transport protein 88 (IFT88). Overall, these data reveal a ceramide-dependent mechanism that suppresses cell migration and invasion by restricting TβRI/II-Shh signaling selectively at the plasma membrane of the primary cilium.
Assessing (In)Equality in the Structural Covariates of Drug-Specific Arrest Counts

Prior research assessing the structural covariates of drug arrests has focused on composite measures of arrests. Prior studies have also neglected to simultaneously consider the influence of charac...
Gelatin biotemplated platinum aerogels

Here gelatin biotemplated platinum aerogels were prepared from gelatin hydrogels equilibrated in K2PtCl4 solutions ranging from 1-250 mM and reduced with sodium borohydride before supercritical drying in liquid CO2. Scanning electron microscopy revealed an average ligament diameter of 40.6 ± 9.7 nm and a pore size range of ∼10 – 200 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis correlated the ratio of metal content to biotemplate mass as a function of equilibrated platinum ion solution, and X-ray diffractometry indicated platinum metal with no detectable oxide phases. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated a specific capacitance of 1.92 F/g, with a corresponding specific electrochemical accessible surface area of 6.39 m2/g. Cyclic voltammetry performed in H2SO4 demonstrated biotemplated platinum aerogel potential for catalytic and energy storage applications.
Exegetical Commentary and Dialogue

I know Affendi. Well, not personally. But the description of him in the preceding section rings so familiar that I feel Affendi and I—and, for that matter, many of our fellow instrumental music teaching colleagues the world over—go back a long way. Perhaps more than any other facet of primary or secondary school music, the dynamics of the band classroom retain a certain consistency from nation to nation. Unlike orchestras and choirs that may tend to draw their identities and traditions from the concert hall or church, respectively, modern bands are creatures of the school. The best primary, secondary and university bands serve as models for those at other schools. The network of band reaches from school building to school building and from campus to campus, making the context of the band teaching in Singapore seem as familiar as in a band room in Seattle. Affendi’s history as an enthusiastic school band member, an aspiring teacher who gained his early experience by leading section rehearsals, and eventually a fullfledged band director responsible for his own program describes a path that resembles that of many instrumental music educators. His experience as a young band member and the early taste of teaching responsibility ignited a passion for this performing tradition that he now passes on to other young people (a common trajectory as described by Bergee and Demorest 2003). The overall design of his program and its curricular goals are consistent with those of most large ensemble programs. And the relationships that develop among students, between older and younger musicians and between alumni and current students—not to mention the connections between the community and the ensemble—would be familiar to most present and past band members.
Dimensions of recognition: Visual vs. Vocal expression of emotion

Portrayals of 12 emotional states were presented to observers in three experimental conditions-(a) photographic slides of facial expression, (b) tape recordings of vocal expression, and (c) a combination of visual and vocal stimuli. Factor analyses of observers’ scalar responses to the stimuli suggested the following: 1. Dimensions of recognition are applicable to perception of emotions in vocal as well as visual presentations. 2. At least two dimensions-general evaluation andactivity- may have some generality between visual and vocal modes and across different emotional states. A third dimension,social control, may have been unique to the present design due to the extremes of the expressions involved. 3. Perception ofactivity in photographs vs. tape recordings of emotional portrayals seems most susceptible to individual scale differences-a phenomenon which might be characterized as“modality-scale” interaction.
BEOL compatible sub-nm diffusion barrier for advanced Cu interconnects

The limit of diffusion barrier/liner thickness scaling is one of the main challenges in modern Cu interconnect technology. Since conventional diffusion barriers are much more resistive than Cu, their thickness needs to be as thin as possible to achieve overall lower line resistance. However, these barrier materials lose their ability to block Cu diffusion when they are extremely scaled, as illustrated in Fig. 1. Therefore, sub-nm barrier is urgently demanded for ultra-scaled interconnects in the near future. To address this issue, 2D layered materials have been proposed and tested as diffusion barrier alternatives because of their atomically thin body thickness. Promising results showing improved interconnect performance have been achieved in these materials (Table I). For example, with a graphene passivation, Cu resistivity at scaled dimensions has been reduced [1] and electromigration can be alleviated [2]. Moreover, studies have shown that 2D layered materials have superior diffusion barrier properties [3]- [6]. Despite the abovementioned benefits of 2D layered materials, a BEOL compatible growth process that can directly deposit on dielectrics and is adaptable to damascene structures still needs to be demonstrated (Fig. 2). In this work, single-layer molybdenum disulfide (1L MoS 2 ; 0.615 nm) directly grown on SiO 2 at 400 °C is achieved by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). We will show that this sub-nm barrier can effectively prevent Cu diffusion, and is able to reduce Cu resistivity.
Extension of Newman’s Numerical Technique To Pentadiagonal Systems Of Equations

A finite difference technique accurate to 0(h4) for a set of coupled, nonlinear second-order ordinary differential equations is presented. It consists of extending Newman’s technique for coupled, tridiagonal equations to a set of coupled pentadiagonal equations. The method can be used to reduce the number of node points needed for a given accuracy or to maintain accuracy to 0(h2) for boundary value problems that include multiple interior regions with continuity of flux of field variables from one region to the next (i.e., interior boundary points with derivative boundary conditions).
Looking Beyond the Google Books Settlement

During the course of the Google Books Settlement process, the case evolved from a relatively straightforward copyright and “fair use” case to an attempt by the parties to have the court provide judicial sanction for a broad and complex business model that implicates fundamental issues of copyright protection and the appropriateness of the forum and process that the parties selected to achieve their mutual goals. Beyond the particulars of the Google Books matter, a general issue arises as to whether authors of digitized books will find their works presented along with unwanted or unanticipated third-party materials, especially advertisements. The Google Books Agreement shows some sensitivity to this issue, but this “second generation” digital books issue is likely to be the subject of caution and negotiation whenever copyrighted works are placed in digital channels of distribution.
Phrenic Nerve Block Associated with Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block

A case is described in which unilateral phrenic nerve blockade associated with an interscalene brachial plexus block resulted in severe respiratory distress and cancellation of surgery.
A new species of spongiphorine earwig in Miocene amber from the Dominican Republic (Dermaptera: Spongiphoridae)

Earwigs (Dermaptera) are an often-ignored group of polyneopteran insects, with nearly 2000 extant species distributed throughout the world (Grimaldi & Engel, 2005; Stork, 2018). All of the modern diversity belongs to the suborder Neodermaptera, a clade that first definitively appears in the Early Cretaceous (Engel et al., 2011; Wolfe et al., 2016), but likely diverged in the Late Jurassic, although there is a rich gradation of earlier earwig variety extending back to at least the Late Triassic (Kelly et al., 2017). The earlier-diverging lineages (such as Archidermaptera, Eodermaptera, and Turanodermaptera [Turanodermatidae]) lack some of the otherwise characteristic synapomorphies of crown-group Dermaptera, such as loss of ocelli, loss of tegminal venation, or reduction of the ovipositor (Grimaldi & Engel, 2005). While there is a rich variety of forms and morphological disparity among fossil Dermaptera, their record compared to other orders remains comparatively meagre. Given this overall scarcity in the fossil record, there is nonetheless a decent variety of lineages documented from various Cenozoic deposits (Wappler et al., 2005). A fairly large number of taxa have been described from Palaeogene and early Neogene impressions (e.g., Heer, 1865; Zhang, 1989; Zhang et al., 1994; Chatzimanolis & Engel, 2010), although the precise systematic placement of many are challenging to confirm given the nature of their preservation and the characters widely needed to properly assign earwigs. Those species preserved as amber inclusions offer a wider breadth of characters from which to ascertain affinities, and earwigs have been previously described from Oise, Baltic, Dominican, and Mexican ambers (Burr, 1911a; Nel et al., 2003; Ross & Engel, 2013; Engel, 2016, 2017).
Sponge Physioecology On Moorea, French Polynesia: Local Distribution And Filtration Efficiency Of Lamellodysidea Under Varying Temperatures

This physio-ecological study investigated the physiology and distribution of Lamellodysidea sp. in Moorea, French Polynesia. Specifically, its distribution was described across three reef types fringing, mid-barrier, and barrier reefs as well as across sites between Cooks Bay and Opunohu Bay. Additionally , filtration experiments were conducted to test how temperature impacts filtration efficiency. This is informative when predicting how future ocean temperatures are going to affect sponges success and distribution. Sponge abundance was found to decrease from the fringing reef out to the barrier reef, with the highest number of sponges in the fringing reef, less in the mid-barrier reef, and none found in the barrier reef. Sponges were also unevenly distributed across sites, with sponge abundance clearly increasing as you move away from Cooks Bay. Together, these data show that sponges demonstrate habitat preference that is related to their physiological tolerances. Filtration data showed that over a 3-hour period sponges increase their physiological output when introduced to environments 3-6 degrees Celsius above normal. This suggests that as ocean temperatures warm, sponges are likely to increase their filtration efficiency, thus increasing their ecological role as filter feeders, or struggle to survive at this new level of physiological function.
Iran’s Nuclear Dispute with the West

Chapter 8 examines the reasons behind the U.S. and its allies’ nuclear dispute with Iran. It discusses the issue of nuclear technology development in Iran, its impact on the balance of power in the Persian Gulf region, the West’s strategic interest in the region, and why oil geopolitics plays a role in the dispute. The chapter describes the United States and its Western allies’ accusation of Iran pursuing the manufacture of nuclear bombs, which they claim is a threat to their interests in the region and the security of Israel. At the same time, the U.S. has established major military bases in the region equipped with nuclear weapons that can be used to attack Iran. Iranian officials have said that Iran’s nuclear program is for peaceful purposes and claim that the U.S.’ accusation is an excuse for expanding its hegemony over the vast oil resources in the region. Iran insists that it has an “inalienable right” under Article IV of the NPT to develop nuclear technology for peaceful purposes.
Strong concordance between RNA structural and single nucleotide variants identified via next generation sequencing techniques in primary pediatric leukemia and patient-derived xenograft samples

Acute leukemia represents the most common pediatric malignancy comprising diverse subtypes with varying prognosis and treatment outcomes. New and targeted treatment options are warranted for this disease. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are increasingly being used for preclinical testing of novel treatment modalities. A novel approach involving targeted error-corrected RNA sequencing using ArcherDX HemeV2 kit was employed to compare 25 primary pediatric acute leukemia samples and their corresponding PDX samples. A comparison of the primary samples and PDX samples revealed a high concordance between single nucleotide variants and gene fusions whereas other complex structural variants were not as consistent. The presence of gene fusions representing the major driver mutations at similar allelic frequencies in PDX samples compared to primary samples and over multiple passages confirms the utility of PDX models for preclinical drug testing. Characterization and tracking of these novel cryptic fusions and exonal variants in PDX models is critical in assessing response to potential new therapies.
Massively Dilated Lower Pole Ectopic Megaureter with Involuted Lower Pole Renal Moiety and Collecting System: An Exception to the Meyer-Weigert Rule

Duplicated collecting systems have a predictable draining pattern that is described by the Meyer-Weigert rule. When there are abnormalities associated with duplicating collecting systems, the upper pole moiety drains inferomedially (most commonly associated with obstruction), and the lower pole moiety drains superolaterally (most commonly associated with vesicoureteral reflux). We present a case of an infant with a duplicated collecting system that violates the Meyer-Weigert rule with lower pole megaureter with massive dilation, ectopic insertion, and associated involuted lower pole renal moiety. To our knowledge, this is the only reported case of a lower pole ectopic ureter with an involuted lower pole renal moiety.
Associations Between Parent Self-Reported and Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in Children: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.

Background: Retrospective self-report questionnaires are the most common method for assessing physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children when the use of objective assessment methods (eg, accelerometry) is cost prohibitive. However, self-report measures have limitations (eg, recall bias). The use of real-time, mobile ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been proposed to address these shortcomings. The study findings will provide useful information for researchers interested in using EMA surveys for measuring PA and SB in children, particularly when reported by a parent or caregiver. Objective: This study aimed to examine the associations between the parent’s EMA report of their child’s PA and SB and accelerometer-measured sedentary time (ST), light-intensity PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous–intensity PA (MVPA) and to examine if these associations differed by day of week, sex, and season. Methods: A total of 140 parent-child dyads (mean child age 6.4 years, SD 0.8; n=66 girls; n=21 African American; n=24 American Indian; n=25 Hispanic/Latino; n=24 Hmong; n=22 Somali; and n=24 white) participated in this study. During an 8-day period, parents reported child PA and SB via multiple daily signal contingent EMA surveys, and children wore a hip-mounted accelerometer to objectively measure ST, LPA, and MVPA. Accelerometer data was matched to the time period occurring before parent EMA-report of child PA and SB. Generalized estimating equations with interaction-term analyses were performed to determine whether the relationship between parent-EMA report of child PA and SB and accelerometer-measured ST and LPA and MVPA outcomes differed by day of the week, sex and season. Results: The parent’s EMA report of their child’s PA and SB was strongly associated with accelerometer-measured ST, LPA, and MVPA. The parent’s EMA report of their child’s PA was stronger during the weekend than on weekdays for accelerometer-measured ST (P≤.001) and LPA (P .31). Conclusions: When the use of accelerometry-based methods is not feasible and in contexts where the parent is able to spend more proximate time observing the child’s PA and SB, the parent’s EMA report might be a superior method for measuring PA and SB in young children relative to self-report, given the EMA’s strong associations with accelerometer-measured PA and ST.
How Proactive Interference during New Associative Learning Impacts General and Specific Memory in Young and Old.

Some prior research has found that older adults are more susceptible to proactive interference than young adults. The current study investigated if age-related deficits in pFC-mediated cognitive co...
Bayesian analysis of capture reactions $$\varvec{^3}\hbox {He}\varvec{(\alpha ,\gamma )^7}\hbox {Be}$$ 3 He ( α , γ ) 7 Be and $$\varvec{^3}\hbox {H}\varvec{(\alpha ,\gamma )^7}\hbox {Li}$$ 3 H ( α , γ ) 7 Li

Bayesian analysis of the radiative capture reactions $$^3\mathrm {He}(\alpha ,\gamma )^7\mathrm {Be}$$ and $$^3\mathrm {H}(\alpha ,\gamma )^7\mathrm {Li}$$ are performed to draw inferences about the cross sections at threshold. We do a model comparison of two competing effective field theory power countings for the capture reactions. The two power countings differ in the contribution of two-body electromagnetic currents. In one power counting, two-body currents contribute at leading order, and in the other they contribute at higher orders. The former is favored for $$^3\mathrm {He}(\alpha ,\gamma )^7\mathrm {Be}$$ if elastic scattering data in the incoming channel is considered in the analysis. Without constraints from elastic scattering data, both the power countings are equally favored. For $$^3\mathrm {H}(\alpha ,\gamma )^7\mathrm {Li}$$ , the first power counting with two-body current contributions at leading order is favored with or without constraints from elastic scattering data.
The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Child Telomere Length: Examining Self-Regulation as a Behavioral Mediator

Childhood adversity is linked to shortened telomere length (TL), but behavioral indicators of telomere attrition remain unclear. This study examined the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and child TL, and if ACEs were indirectly associated with TL through children's self-regulatory abilities (i.e., effortful control and self-control). Hypotheses were tested using national data from teachers, parents, and their children (N = 2,527; Mage = 9.35, SD = .36 years). More ACEs were uniquely associated with short TL, and low self-control mediated the association between more ACEs and short TL. While longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen claims of causation, this study identifies a pathway from ACEs to TL that should be explored further.
eInformation: A Clinical Study of Investor Discussion and Sentiment

We examine the information flow for four stocks over seven months to trace the relationship between on-line discussion, news activity, and stock price movements. On-line discussions support numerous unsubstantiated rumors, substantial on-point exchanges, and quick dissemination of imminent and recently released information. Applying language-processing routines to message board postings and news, we create sentiment and disagreement measures or eInformation. We analyze the determinants of sentiment and disagreement, and trace links between news, eInformation, and stock returns. This intensive clinical study of on-line discussions suggests mechanisms individual investors and groups can use to analyze and digest company information.
Predict-observe-explain activities preserve introductory geology students’ self-efficacy

To support student construction of knowledge during class meetings, there is a growing demand to incorporate active learning practices. However, ’active learning’ can range from occasionally voting...
Musical acoustics video demonstrations for online classes

Forty high-resolution (3480 × 2160) video presentations were created in an attempt to replace in-person demonstrations for teaching elementary musical acoustics. Demonstrations were selected to accompany the author's textbook, Principles of Musical Acoustics (W. M. Hartmann, Springer, NY, 2013). Mean duration of the demonstrations was 4.1 min, though one was as long as 17 min while another lasted only 30 s. Demonstrations were devoted to physical principles of vibrations and waves (13), musical instruments and other sound making devices (20), and signal processing (3). Electronic instrumentation appeared somehow in almost all the demonstrations with (4) devoted specifically to instrumentation itself. Attempts were made to evaluate the effectiveness of the demonstrations through questions on the weekly quizzes. In any case, the demonstrations provided a welcome relief from a straightforward power-point lecture. A second form of relief presented some topics, especially mathematical topics, using pen and paper together with a document camera. Evaluations of the methods will be complete before the June meeting.
How the West was Drawn: Mapping, Indians and the Construction of the Trans-Mississippi West

The heart of this book’s argument is that the mapping of the trans-Mississippi West was not simply an “imperial construction of US space.” On the contrary, the author contends that tribes like the ...
Navigating Mentoring and Inclusive Practice: Starting Inward, Moving Outward (Presentation Slides)

Before establishing a philosophy and approach to integrating diversity and community engagement in your work, it’s important to examine your own intersectional identities and how they influence your world view and guiding principles. Next, I hope to share some examples of how we approach diversity and inclusion at UT-Austin. Like all PWIs we are working to address an exclusionary history – we’re not perfect.
The effects of a clinic-based weight loss program on health-related quality of life and weight maintenance in cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE The Healthy Living and Eating After Cancer Trial demonstrated that a clinic-based weight loss program reduced body weight, as compared with a waitlist control group, over 15 weeks. Here we report the impact of the weight loss intervention on health-related quality-of-life outcomes at week 15, and maintenance of weight loss to week 30. METHODS This trial randomized cancer survivors of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies (breast cancer: 76.7%) to a 15-week group-based weight loss program (n = 30) or a waitlist control group (n = 30). Participants were not blinded to group assignment. Participants completed a variety of health-related quality-of-life outcome measures at baseline and week 15. From week 15 to week 30, participants initially randomized to the weight loss program were followed with no additional intervention, and participants initially randomized to the waitlist control group commenced the weight loss program. RESULTS Over the 15 weeks, the weight loss program improved physical functioning (6.2 ± 2.9; p = 0.02; d = 0.31) and reduced insomnia symptoms (-17.1 ± 7.4; p = 0.03; d = -0.30) as measured by the EORTC QLQ-C30, and sleep disturbance (-4.9 ± 1.6; p = 0.005; d = -0.40) as measured by PROMIS, compared to waitlist control. After a weight loss of 4.6 ± 3.9 kg, from week 15 to week 30, participants who were initially randomized to the weight loss program maintained their prior weight loss (+0.6 ± 3.5 kg) and participants who were initially randomized to the waitlist control group lost weight (-3.4 ± 2.9 kg; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In cancer survivors with overweight or obesity, a 15-week clinic-based weight loss program improved health-related quality-of-life outcomes and produced sustained weight loss to week 30.
Catholic Identity: Using Doctrine to Critique Doctrine

The preceding chapter illustrated how participants in Dignity affirm the compatibility of their sexuality and their Catholicism. As documented, Dignity respondents transform the disordered identity given to them in official church teaching by interpreting Catholicism, sexuality, and the church hierarchy in ways that enable them to embrace the Catholic tradition and rework its exclusionary symbols. This chapter focuses more formally on how pro-change Catholics legitimate an emancipatory agenda. Specifically, I examine how members of the Women's Ordination Conference (WOC) and volunteer activists for Catholics for a Free Choice (CFFC) argue for a more participative and pluralistic church, and how in the process they validate the authenticity of their Catholicism. INSTITUTIONAL AND DOCTRINAL TRANSFORMATION This chapter will engage important theoretical questions in sociology concerning the prospects and resources for achieving institutional change. As discussed in Chapter 1, Jurgen Habermas views communicative reason as the primary means by which people can reach a negotiated agreement about a course of action that benefits the common good rather than the instrumental interests of particular actors. In Habermas's “ideal speech situation,” participants engage in reasoned communication which is unconstrained by differences between the participants in status, power, and language capabilities, and where the weight of tradition, dogma, and emotional attachments is bracketed. In this model of a deliberative community “no participant has a monopoly on correct interpretation” (Habermas 1984: 100).
Cellular Events Involved in Dietary Sodium Deprivation Induced Inhibition of B16 Melanoma Proliferation

Dietary sodium deprivation inhibits both normal growth and solid tumor proliferation. This study proposed to ascertain the presence of circulating or cellular factors induced by dietary Na+-deprivation that might alter in vitro growth of B16 melanoma cells. Serum and melanoma cells were harvested from 24 mice who were on either a Na+-containing diet (control) or Na+-restricted diet. The cells were isolated and then propagated in tissue culture. Cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca2+]i) was measured in cultured cells by dual wavelength image fluoroscopy using the indicator fura-2. Progression through the cell cycle was measured by the fluorescence activated cell sorter using propidium iodide. Cells in culture were serum-free for 24 hours; an alteration in cytoplasmic calcium [Ca2+]i after a serum challenge was the early membrane event studied, and thymidine uptake, change in cell number, and progression through the cell cycle were the later nuclear events evaluated. A 2-way factorial analysis (diet vs. serum/cells) showed the main effect of serum from the Na+-restricted mice was a lesser rise in [Ca2+]i than from control serum (53 ± 22 vs. 111 ±29 nM/liter (mean ± SEM)). There were also differences in the cellular response from mice on different diets.
Asymptotic freedom and dense baryonic matter

Using the temperature (T) dependent equation of state (EOS) of quantum chromodynamics, presented here, for a density (ϱ)>1015 g/cm3 and various EOS in the literature for ϱ<1015 g/cm3, we calculateMD (assuming adiabatic motion and uniform density), the maximum mass saved by hydrodynamic bounce from complete gravitational collapse. IfT≲35 MeV, thenMD≤1.50M⊙.
Ratings, Certifications and Grades: Dynamic Signaling and Market Breakdown

We consider the effect a public revelation of information (e.g. rating, grade) has on signaling and trading in a dynamic model. Competing buyers offer prices to a privately informed seller who can reject these offers and delay trade. This delay is costly and the seller has no commitment to the duration of the delay. We show how the external public information allows for signaling in equilibrium. More interestingly, we characterize the dynamics of trade and prices. If the signal is not fully revealing, then there is no trade just before the revelation of external information. A lemons market develops endogenously over time and prevents any trade close to the release of the public announcement. On the other hand, if the external signal is fully revealing, then trade occurs even close to the final period; however, in this case there is a discontinuity in prices.
Low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast: A diagnostic and clinical challenge

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the breast (ASBC) is a rare variant of metaplastic breast cancer with both glandular as well as squamous differentiation. Their lack of distinct imaging characteristics, sometimes subtle histological characteristics and overlapping features with other benign lesions pose a diagnostic challenge. Unlike other forms of metaplastic breast cancer, low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma (LGAC) tends to follow an indolent course with favourable prognosis. We reviewed eight cases of LGAC in our institution from June 2005 to March 2014. In six cases, LGAC was only found after excisional biopsy. In our patients, LGAC frequently co-existed with other forms of breast pathology. Two patients had incidental findings of LGAC alongside their primary malignant tumour (adenoid cystic carcinoma and invasive ductal carcinoma in one, four foci between 0.5 and 4.0 mm within a radial sclerosing lesion adjacent to a malignant phyllodes tumour in the other). A further four patients had LGAC within a complex sclerosing lesion. One patient had a focus of LGAC within a fibroadenoma. One had a focus of LGAC within a benign phyllodes tumour. None of the patients had evidence of nodal involvement. A high degree of suspicion is recommended as such lesions tend to be incidental histological findings within benign tumours or within complex sclerosing lesions. Although the risk of nodal and distant metastasis is low, the potential for local recurrence necessitates aggressive local excision with margin clearance. The role of axillary dissection has yet to be defined and routine sentinel node biopsy and axillary clearance may not be necessary in view of rarity of nodal metastasis in literature. Benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy is not clearly defined. All eight patients in our study have shown no evidence of recurrence after definitive surgery but longer periods of surveillance is required.
Expression of the mitochondrial genome in HeLa cells. XIX. Occurrence in mitochondria of polyadenylic acid sequences, "free" and covalently linked to mitochondrial DNA-coded RNA.

Abstract In the present work we have investigated the distribution, among the components of a mitochondrial Triton X100 lysate from HeLa cells, of poly(A) sequences labeled during a two-hour [8-3H]adenosine pulse in the presence of 0.1 μg actinomycin D ml; these were characterized as to their electrophoretic and sedimentation properties, response to ethidium bromide, physical relationship to mitochondrial RNA molecules and homology to separated mitochondrial DNA strands. Labeled poly(A) segments of a size estimated to correspond to 60 to 80 nucleotides were present in the components of a mitochondrial lysate sedimenting in the mitochondrial polysome and riboaome-subunit region and in the lighter components, and were especially abundant in the heaviest structures (>200 S). The latter structures were characterized as containing mostly labeled RNA components heavier than 18 S ribosomal RNA, but also a considerable amount of newly synthesized and pre-existing mitochondrial ribosomal RNA, with only a relatively small amount of protein synthesizing structures. Substantially all the poly(A) associated with the slowest sedimenting components of the lysate was found to be “free” The labeling of the poly(A) sequences during a two-hour [8-3H]adenosine pulse was found to be partially resistant to ethidium bromide at 1 μg/ml. The ethidium bromide-resistant fraction included most of, and possibly all the “free” poly(A), but also some poly(A) covalently linked to (presumably) unlabeled RNA molecules. These findings strongly suggest that poly(A) synthesis is in mitochondria, as in the nucleus, a post-transcriptional event, and that, in the presence of the drug, addition of newly synthesized poly(A) occurs to pre-existing precursor molecules. RNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed that two-thirds to one-half of the poly(A)-containing mitochondrial BNA molecules labeled during a two-hour [5-3H]uridine or [8-3H]adenosine pulse, and isolated from the mitochondrial polysome or monomer-subunit region of the gradient, are coded for by the heavy mitochondrial DNA strand, and the rest by the light strand. A fairly sharp peak of mitochondrial DNA-coded, poly(A)-containing RNA sedimenting at about 7 S in the native state and about 20% faster than 5 S RNA after formaldehyde treatment, which may represent a discrete species of mitochondrial messenger RNA, has been identified.
Hyperfractionated Low-Dose Radiotherapy for High-Risk Neuroblastoma After Intensive Chemotherapy and Surgery

PURPOSE: To assess prognostic factors for local control in high-risk neuroblastoma patients treated with hyperfractionated 21-Gy total dose to consolidate remission achieved by dose-intensive chemotherapy and surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with high-risk neuroblastoma in first remission received local radiotherapy (RT) totaling 21 Gy in twice-daily 1.5-Gy fractions. RT to the primary site followed dose-intensive chemotherapy and tumor resection; the target field encompassed the extent of tumor at diagnosis, plus 3-cm margins and regional lymph nodes. RT to distant sites followed radiologic evidence of response. Local failure was correlated with clinical factors (including other consolidative treatments) and biologic findings. RESULTS: Of 99 consecutively irradiated patients followed for a median of 21.1 months from RT, 10 relapsed in or at margins of RT fields at 1 to 27 months (median, 14 months). At 36 months after RT, the probability of primary-site failure was 10.1% ± 5.3%. No primary-site re...
Conduction and Gas–Surface Reaction Modeling in Metal Oxide Gas Sensors

A phenomenological approach to the operation of metal oxide gas sensors, the Integrated Reaction Conduction (IRC) model, is proposed which integrates the gas-surface reactions with the electrical conduction process in a weakly sintered, porous metal oxide. An effective medium approximation is employed to relate the mesoscopic microstructure and the carrier depletion at the granular surface to the macroscopic electrical conduction. For a given ambient gas concentration and temperature, the electron concentration in the depletion layer is calculated from the gas-surface reaction kinetics. The adsorption and oxidation reaction energies of the gas sensing reactions are extracted for a TiO2-x CO sensor by comparing experimental data with three-dimensional plots of IRC model resistance as a function of the ambient [CO(g)] and temperature. The IRC model predicts novel properties of the gas sensor, including the sensitivity and the response range, which depend on the doping of the sensor material, the temperature, the grain size, and the geometry of the necks between grains.
Student and Instructor Perceptions of Care in Online Graduate Education

Nodding's (1984) theory of care evolved before online education became main stream. Therefore, this study was conducted to learn how students and instructors described care and what language or strategies they perceived as conveying care in online education. Online instructor interviews, online student survey, and course shell review were conducted. The findings of this study were viewed through Noddings' three constructs of care. Findings showed that among Nodding's three major constructs, Engrossment and Affective Engagement were found to be aligned in this virtual caring environment; however, Reciprocity was not.
Determination of the in vitro dissolution rates of 238U, 230Th, and 231Pa in contaminated soils from the St. Louis FUSRAP sites

The dissolution rates for 238U, 230Th, and 231Pa from 8 contaminated soils in simulated lung fluid were determined. The soil samples were provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers and were collected from various areas at their St. Louis, Missouri FUSRAP sites. Each soil was subjected to a 100 day in vitro dissolution experiment, during which the amount of each radionuclide that had dissolved was periodically measured. At the conclusion of the experiment, a plot of the relative amount of radionuclide dissolved vs. time was constructed for each radionuclide in each soil. The dissolution rates for each radionuclide were then determined by fitting multiple first-order exponential functions to each plot. The results of these experiments were then used assign in vitro dissolution rate classifications to each radionuclide in each soil according to ICRP 30 guidelines.
Neurofilament Proteins in Y-Cells of the Cat Lateral Geniculate Nucleus: Normal Expression and Alteration with Visual Deprivation

We examined neurofilament staining in the normal and visually deprived lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), using the SMI-32 antibody. This antibody preferentially stains LGN cells that display the morphological characteristics of Y-cells. The soma sizes of SMI-32-stained cells were consistent with those of the overall population of Y-cells, and the Golgi-like staining of their dendrites revealed a radial distribution that often crossed laminar boundaries. Labeled cells were distributed within the A laminae (primarily near laminar borders), the magnocellular portion of the C laminae, and the medial intralaminar nucleus, but they were absent in the parvocellular C laminae. Electron microscopic examination of SMI-32-stained tissue revealed that staining was confined to somata, dendrites, and large myelinated axons. Retinal synapses on SMI-32-labeled dendrites were primarily simple axodendritic contacts; few triadic arrangements were observed. In the LGN of cats reared with monocular lid suture, SMI-32 staining was decreased significantly in the A laminae that received input from the deprived eye. Dephosphorylation of the tissue did not alter the cellular SMI-32 staining patterns. Analysis of staining patterns in the C laminae and monocular zone of the A laminae suggests that changes in the cytoskeleton after lid suture reflect cell class and not binocular competition. Taken together, the results from normal and lid-sutured animals suggest that the cat LGN offers a unique model system in which the cytoskeleton of one class of cells can be manipulated by altering neuronal activity.
Is there a role for screening asymptomatic patients with diabetes

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of death among patients with diabetes mellitus. However, many patients with diabetes and CAD are asymptomatic and may sustain a myocardial infarction as their presenting symptom of CAD. Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging offers an opportunity to detect the presence and severity of CAD, or its hemodynamic consequences. The Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics study and the FACTOR-64 study examined the utility of non-invasive imaging tests to evaluate asymptomatic individuals with diabetes mellitus. The results of these trials may have been negative with regard to promoting CAD screening of asymptomatic diabetic patients, but they do strengthen the position of optimal medical management in reducing cardiovascular events. However, performing a trial to include true high-risk patients who have CAD and are more likely to have silent ischemia could lead to prognostically beneficial coronary revascularizations.