cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Benefits of Expressing Gratitude Expressing Gratitude to a Partner Changes One’s View of the Relationship

This research was conducted to examine the hypothesis that expressing gratitude to a relationship partner enhances one's perception of the relationship's communal strength. In Study 1 (N = 137), a cross-sectional survey, expressing gratitude to a relationship partner was positively associated with the expresser's perception of the communal strength of the relationship. In Study 2 (N = 218), expressing gratitude predicted increases in the expresser's perceptions of the communal strength of the relationship across time. In Study 3 (N = 75), participants were randomly assigned to an experimental condition, in which they expressed gratitude to a friend, or to one of three control conditions, in which they thought grateful thoughts about a friend, thought about daily activities, or had positive interactions with a friend. At the end of the study, perceived communal strength was higher among participants in the expression-of-gratitude condition than among those in all three control conditions. We discuss the theoretical and applied implications of these findings and suggest directions for future research.
A technology coping strategy in engineering graphics

The author examines the question whether educators should implement coping strategies to help alleviate the potentially destructive pressures advancing technology may bring to bear on their discipline (techno-stress). He answers yes and attempts to demonstrate a way of surviving the computer graphics hardware and software explosion in engineering and design graphics. >
Financial market forecasting using a two-step kernel learning method for the support vector regression

In this paper, we propose a two-step kernel learning method based on the support vector regression (SVR) for financial time series forecasting. Given a number of candidate kernels, our method learns a sparse linear combination of these kernels so that the resulting kernel can be used to predict well on future data. The L 1-norm regularization approach is used to achieve kernel learning. Since the regularization parameter must be carefully selected, to facilitate parameter tuning, we develop an efficient solution path algorithm that solves the optimal solutions for all possible values of the regularization parameter. Our kernel learning method has been applied to forecast the S&P500 and the NASDAQ market indices and showed promising results.
The protective influence of gangs: Can schools compensate?

Gangs have risen to the level of a broad social problem, yet, to date, research has neglected the influence of school factors on gang membership. Although gang involvement leads to many negative outcomes, such as incarceration, drug and alcohol use, injury, and death, gangs may also serve a protective influence to those who join them. For this reason, it is important to take a risk and resilience framework to understanding and ultimately preventing gang involvement. By examining various theories of gang involvement, as well as the risk and protective factors identified in current literature, a model to explain gang involvement and inform school-based prevention efforts was conceptualized. We suggest that schools can compensate for the attraction of gangs by addressing the hierarchical needs of at-risk youth. Our discussion includes a focus on three critical policy issues regarding schools' ability to implement the interventions necessary to protect youth from gang involvement: resource allocation, zero tolerance policies, and tracking.
Harnessing the Power of Onco-Immunotherapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors

Oncolytic viruses represent a diverse class of replication competent viruses that curtail tumor growth. These viruses, through their natural ability or through genetic modifications, can selectively replicate within tumor cells and induce cell death while leaving normal cells intact. Apart from the direct oncolytic activity, these viruses mediate tumor cell death via the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses. The field of oncolytic viruses has seen substantial advancement with the progression of numerous oncolytic viruses in various phases of clinical trials. Tumors employ a plethora of mechanisms to establish growth and subsequently metastasize. These include evasion of immune surveillance by inducing up-regulation of checkpoint proteins which function to abrogate T cell effector functions. Currently, antibodies blocking checkpoint proteins such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) have been approved to treat cancer and shown to impart durable clinical responses. These antibodies typically need pre-existing active immune tumor microenvironment to establish durable clinical outcomes and not every patient responds to these therapies. This review provides an overview of published pre-clinical studies demonstrating superior therapeutic efficacy of combining oncolytic viruses with checkpoint blockade compared to monotherapies. These studies provide compelling evidence that oncolytic therapy can be potentiated by coupling it with checkpoint therapies.
Urea flux in the ureter

It has been hypothesized that urea from the final urine is recycled into the renal papilla through the pelvic epithelium. To test this hypothesis, samples of urine were collected by micropuncture proximally and distally through the intact, contracting ureter of the anesthetized rat. In 12 rats, in which urine flow was 5.89 +/- 0.67 microliter/min (a moderate antidiuresis), the ratio of proximal-to-distal urea concentration, corrected for water movement, was 0.93 +/- 0.03 (P less than 0.01 compared with unity), indicating that approximately 7% of urea in the urine emerging from the terminal collecting duct was reabsorbed by the time it reached the distal ureter. To assess the possible contribution of urea reabsorption by the ureter, the ureter was cannulated proximally and distally and perfused with urine of known composition at 6.26 +/- 0.10 microliter/min. In nine rats, the ratio of urea concentration in the perfusate collected from the distal end of the ureter to that in the perfusate entering the proximal end was 0.93 +/- 0.02 (P less than 0.01 compared with unity), indicating 7% reabsorption. Movement of solute across the ureteral epithelium was not restricted to urea. Potassium and creatinine were also reabsorbed [3.4 +/- 0.9 (P less than 0.01) and 3.5 +/- 1.2% (P less than 0.05), respectively], whereas sodium was secreted [9.2 +/- 2.3% (P less than 0.01)].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
NOC/oFQ contributes to age-dependent impairment of NMDA-induced cerebrovasodilation after brain injury

This study characterized the effects of fluid percussion brain injury (FPI) onN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced vasodilation and determined the role of nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOC/oFQ) in such ch...
Morphology and Histology of the Felt Line and Felt Line Organ of the Mutillid Wasp Genera Sphaeropthalma, Dasymutilla, Pseudomethoca, and Chyphotes,,

The felt lines are located on the lateral margins of the 2nd abdominal segment. Of the genera studied, all but Sphaeropthlama have felt lines only on the tergite. Sphaeropthalma has felt lines on both the tergite and the sternite. In all species studied, the felt line is a shallow depression filled with both short erect hairs and longer thicker recumbent hairs. In all species except C. petiolatus , the erect hairs are confined to a sulcus which extends along the midline of the depression. The recumbent hairs fill the rest of the depression and cover the erect hairs. In C. petiolatus , there is no sulcus and the erect hairs are distributed over the surface of the depression, the recumbent hairs being limited to the margins. The felt line organs are small masses of tissue on the internal surface of the cuticle at the felt lines. The inner surface of the organ is richly supplied with tracheae and receives nerve branches from 2 nerves. The organ is composed of a layer of columnar epithelial cells overlaid by a group of oenocytes and glandlike cells with elongated necks. Ductules pass from the region of the gland cell nucleus down the necks and through the columnar layer to pores which penetrate the cuticle to the region of the erect felt line hairs. No difference in cell types was found between sexes or between different species.
Abstract 1571: Tumor cell panels: New tools in genomic era.

Increased understanding of cancer genome is affecting every corner of cancer research. Although human tumor cell lines have been used as essential tools for decades, there are only a few cell line panels have been developed for drug screening. The most widely used NCI60 human tumor cell line panel was composed by selecting cell lines to represent nine subtypes of cancer. The rising of targeted therapeutics has led to new generation anticancer agents. However, it9s difficult to predict clinical response to these agents because of the genetic diversity and genomic heterogeneity in human cancers. Therefore, there is a gap between the new knowledge of cancer genome and the cell line based platforms for both basic and translational research. Here, we show that new generation tumor cell panels are filling the gap. The panels were generated by selecting authenticated cell lines derived from variant cancer types, and annotated with genetic alteration information generated by large scale sequencing projects such as the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). There are more than 25 tumor cell line panels, which include hundreds of cell lines, have been developed in this initiative. They cover 18 most common cancer types, such as lung, breast, colon, pancreatic cancer and so on. To capture the genetic diversity of cancer, each panel includes cell lines with varying gene mutation complexity. To further facilitate targeted drug discovery, the molecular signature tumor cell line panels focus on individual driver genes, critical protein kinases, transcription factors and cell signaling pathways. Those panels have been analyzed to verify gene mutation, gene expression, protein expression and bio-functions. Therefore, the new generation tumor cell panels provide powerful tools to accelerate the discoveries in basic cancer research, compound screening, biomarker selection, pathway analysis, and targeted therapeutic development. Citation Format: Chris White, Lysa-Anne Volpe, Luping Chen, Anupreet Bal, Michael Jackson, John Foulke, Fang Tian. Tumor cell panels: New tools in genomic era. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1571. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1571
Replicating a Validated CS1 Assessment (Abstract Only)

Validated assessments are important for teachers and researchers. A validated assessment is carefully developed to make sure that it is measuring the right things. Computing education needs more and better validated assessments. Validated assessments provide instructors with insight on how their students are doing in their class and provide researchers with insight on whether certain technologies and interventions are successful. Building high-quality, validated assessments is difficult. However, it is possible to replicate an existing validated assessment, and the new assessment can be validated against the original assessment. We need mechanisms to replicate assessments so that we can build more and more varied assessments for different audiences. We developed the Secondary CS1 Assessment (SCS1) as an isomorphic version of a previously validated assessment instrument for introductory computer science. In this poster we provide an overview for the process of replicating an existing valid knowledge assessment and validating the replication. Handouts will be provided with information about how to access and use the SCS1 Assessment.
A link-level simulator of the cdma2000 reverse-link physical layer

The cdma2000 system is an evolutionary enhancement of the IS-95 standards which support 3G services defined by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). cdma2000 comes in two phases: 1XRTT and 3XRTT (1X and 3X indicates the number of 1.25 MHz wide radio carrier channels used and RTT stands for Radio Transmission Technology). The cdma2000 1XRTT, which operates within a 1.25 MHz bandwidth, can be utilized in existing IS-95 CDMA channels as it uses the same bandwidth, while 3XRTT requires the commitment of 5 MHz bandwidth to support higher data rates. This paper describes a software model implementation of the cdma2000 reverse link and its application for evaluating the effect of rake receiver design parameters on the system performance under various multipath fading conditions. The cdma2000 models were developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), using SPW (Signal Processing Worksystem) commercial software tools. The model has been developed in a generic manner that includes all the reverse link six radio configurations and their corresponding data rates, according to cdma2000 specifications. After briefly reviewing the traffic channel characteristics of the cdma2000 reverse link (subscriber to base station), the paper discusses the rake receiver implementation including an ideal rake receiver. It then evaluates the performance of each receiver for a Spreading Rate 3 (3XRTT) operation, which is considered as a true "3G" cdma2000 technology. These evaluations are based on the vehicular IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunication 2000) channel model using the link budget defined in cdma2000 specifications for the reverse link.
CN-04TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC CEREBRAL RADIATION NECROSIS: A META-ANALYSIS

BACKGROUND: Cerebral radiation necrosis (CRN) is a well-characterized toxicity of radiation therapy that can result in significant neurologic deficits and be life threatening. Treatment for CRN has included surgical resection, corticosteroids, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), and bevacizumab among other modalities, but no consensus approach has been identified. Given the paucity of pediatric CRN data, we sought to codify the approaches to treatment of radiation necrosis in pediatric patients. METHODS: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Ovid MEDLINE were searched to identify all relevant pediatric reports. RESULTS: Thirty-one pediatric patients, twenty-six with primary central nervous system tumors and four with arteriovenous malformations developed CRN, diagnosed by characteristic MRI findings, most (n = 28) with accompanying neurologic deficits. Patients received treatment with steroids alone (n = 5) or steroids followed by bevacizumab (n = 11) or HBOT (n = 12). Three asymptomatic patients did not receive intervention. 10/11 patients treated with steroids and bevacizumab, and 11/12 treated with steroids and HBOT improved. In all cases of steroid-resistent CRN, addition of bevacizumab induced improvement except in one case of disease progression. One patient treated with steroids alone died with progressive neurologic deterioration. With the exception of steroid-related adverse events, there were no reported significant side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the small numbers of pediatric patients with CRN, analysis of treatment modalities is confined to limited reports. Furthermore, cases of CRN are likely underreported as we have seen much higher rates of CRN than the 3-5% reported in the literature at our institution in the past five years. The most common treatment following steroid initiation is addition of either bevacizumab or HBOT with good success. However, larger randomized controlled trials are needed to establish a definitive treatment algorithm that can be applied to children affected by CRN.
Quantifying Insulin Therapy Requirements to Preserve Islet Graft Function Following Islet Transplantation.

A mathematical nonlinear regression model of several parameters (baseline insulin intake, posttransplant 2-h postprandial blood glucose, and stimulated C-peptide) from type 1 diabetics with HbA1c 6.5% during year 2 of the posttransplant period. When insulin-untreated subjects were divided into two groups based on whether the average CID was smaller (group I) or greater (group II) than the insulin deficit threshold, HbA1c was found to be similar in the two groups in year 1, but increased significantly in group II to above 6.5% (with mean glucose of 121.9 mg/dl) but remained below 6.5% in group I subjects (with mean glucose of 108.7 mg/dl) in year 2 of the follow-up period. The greater insulin deficit in group II was also associated with a higher susceptibility to hyperglycemia during periods of low serum Rapamune and Prograf levels (combined levels below 11.2 and 4.7 ng/ml, respectively). Although the differences between predicted insulin requirement (PIR) and actual empirical insulin intake in the insulin-treated subjects were generally small, they were nonetheless sufficient to identify over- and underinsulinization at each follow-up visit for all subjects (n = 14 subjects, 135 observations). The newly developed model can effectively identify underinsulinized islet transplant recipients at risk for graft dysfunction due to inadequate supplemental insulin intake or those potentially susceptible to graft function loss due to inadequate immunosuppression. While less common following islet cell therapy, the model can also identify overinsulinized subjects who may be at risk for hypoglycemia.
Chemotherapy for metastatic bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is a chemotherapy-responsive tumor. Combination chemotherapy has been demonstrated to be superior to single agent cisplatin. Intensive combinations appear to be curative for a small proportion of patients.
PhotoGate microscopy to track single molecules in crowded environments

Tracking single molecules inside cells reveals the dynamics of biological processes, including receptor trafficking, signalling and cargo transport. However, individual molecules often cannot be resolved inside cells due to their high density. Here we develop the PhotoGate technique that controls the number of fluorescent particles in a region of interest by repeatedly photobleaching its boundary. PhotoGate bypasses the requirement of photoactivation to track single particles at surface densities two orders of magnitude greater than the single-molecule detection limit. Using this method, we observe ligand-induced dimerization of a receptor tyrosine kinase at the cell surface and directly measure binding and dissociation of signalling molecules from early endosomes in a dense cytoplasm with single-molecule resolution. We additionally develop a numerical simulation suite for rapid quantitative optimization of Photogate experimental conditions. PhotoGate yields longer tracking times and more accurate measurements of complex stoichiometry than existing single-molecule imaging methods.
Is the Agreement a Simple Supply or Swap? A Post-BAPCPA Case of First Impression in the Fourth Circuit

This paper discusses the ruling of the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals in the In re National Gas Distribs. case.
Abstract 17623: A Case of Biopsy-proven Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease Associated With Multiple Giant Coronary Artery Aneurysms, Peripheral Arterial Aneurysms, End Stage Renal Disease, and Heart Failure

A 54-year-old man with remote large cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in remission following R-CHOP and severe atopic dermatitis was transferred from another hospital with a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Over the preceding year, the patient had suffered recurrent admissions for acutely decompensated heart failure with a newly depressed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 20% by echocardiography and rapidly progressive end-stage renal disease of unclear etiology requiring the initiation of hemodialysis. Prior workup had demonstrated an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and bilateral common iliac artery aneurysms with subsequent computed tomography (CT) additionally demonstrating a superior mesenteric artery aneurysm. The patient was taken for immediate coronary arteriography, which demonstrated giant aneurysms in the left main and right coronary arteries, as well as multivessel severe stenoses. CT coronary angiogram demonstrated significant circumferential wall thickening throughout the coronary vasculature. Given concern for IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), a renal biopsy was pursued that confirmed the diagnosis. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-CT identified only mild aortic inflammation. The patient was treated with high-dose steroids and rituximab. The serological inflammatory markers improved, and he underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Pericardial, aortic adventitial, left internal mammary artery, and saphenous vein biopsies showed cardiovascular involvement of IgG4-RD. The patient has been maintained on rituximab with normalization of his LVEF and no recurrence of chest pain over the past eighteen months. IgG4-RD is a fibroinflammatory systemic disease newly described in 2003 and only recently found to involve the cardiovascular system with several reports of peripheral aneurysmal disease. To our knowledge, the current case represents the first report of a patient successfully treated for biopsy-proven IgG4-RD associated with coronary artery disease and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. IgG4-RD may represent a novel mechanism underlying some forms of peripheral and coronary arterial disease and may offer new insights into vascular biology.
A stochastic approach to the optimal management of a Kenyan wind farm coupled with storage

Day-ahead power commitment of a wind farm is difficult to precisely determine due to wind's non-dispatachable nature. The coupling of a wind farm with a storage unit favors controllability of the combined output and allows for improved look ahead commitment. For the power system, advance commitment enhances scheduling, especially at high wind penetration levels. This is particularly important in the case of Kenya where wind power production is expected to increase to 10% of total projected installed capacity. To address this need for improved look-ahead commitment, this paper develops a two-stage stochastic model to determine optimal day-ahead power commitment and intra-day operation of the combined Lake Turkana Wind Power project with available storage, taking into account the unique structure of the Kenyan power market.
A $Q$ -Band Free-Space Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Composites

We present a free-space measurement technique for nondestructive noncontact electrical and dielectric characterization of nanocarbon composites in the ${Q}$ -band frequency range of 30–50 GHz. The experimental system and error correction model accurately reconstruct the conductivity of composite materials that are either thicker than the wave penetration depth, and therefore exhibit negligible microwave transmission (less than −40 dB), or thinner than the wave penetration depth and, therefore, exhibit significant microwave transmission. This error correction model implements a fixed wave propagation distance between antennas and corrects the complex scattering parameters of the specimen from two references, an air slab having geometrical propagation length equal to that of the specimen under test, and a metallic conductor, such as an aluminum plate. Experimental results were validated by reconstructing the relative dielectric permittivity of known dielectric materials and then used to determine the conductivity of nanocarbon composite laminates. This error correction model can simplify routine characterization of thin conducting laminates to just one measurement of scattering parameters, making the method attractive for research, development, and for quality control in the manufacturing environment.
Mortality and readmission of outcomes after discharge from the surgical intensive care unit to long-term, acute-care hospitals.

Background Patients with prolonged hospitalizations in the surgical intensive care unit often have ongoing medical needs that require further care at long-term, acute-care hospitals upon discharge. Setting expectations for patients and families after protracted operative intensive care unit hospitalization is challenging, and there are limited data to guide these conversations. The purpose of this study was to determine patient survival and readmission rates after discharge from the surgical intensive care unit directly to a long-term, acute-care hospital. Methods All patients who were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit at an academic, tertiary care medical center from 2009–2014 and discharged directly to long-term, acute-care hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Patients represented all surgical subspecialties excluding cardiac and vascular surgery patients. Primary outcomes included 30-day readmission, and 1- and 3-year mortality rates following discharge. Results In total, 296 patients were discharged directly from the surgical intensive care unit to a long-term, acute-care hospital during the study period. There were 190 men (64%) and mean age was 61 ± 16 years. Mean duration of stay in the surgical intensive care unit was 27 ± 17 days. The most frequent complication was prolonged mechanical ventilation (277, 94%) followed by pneumonia (139, 47%), sepsis (78, 26%), and acute renal failure (32, 11%); 93% of patients required tracheostomy and enteral feeding access prior to discharge, and 19 patients (6%) were newly dependent on hemodialysis. The readmission rate was 20%. There were 86 deaths within 1 year from discharge (29%) with an overall 3-year mortality of 32%. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, a history of end-stage renal disease had a greater odds of readmission (odds ratio 6.07, P = .028). Patients with history of cancer had greater odds of 1- and 3-year mortality (odds ratio = 2.99, P = .028 and odds ratio 2.56, P = .053, respectively), and patients with a neurologic diagnosis had greater odds of 3-year mortality (odds ratio 4.69, P = .031). Readmission significantly increased the odds of 1- and 3-year mortality (odds ratio 3.12, P = .020 and odds ratio 2.90, P = .027, respectively). Patients who had both private insurance and Medicare had greater odds of 1- and 3-year mortality (odds ratio 10.39, P = .005 and odds ratio 10.65, P = .004, respectively). Conclusion Patients who are discharged to long-term, acute-care hospitals have prolonged hospitalizations with high complication rates. These patients have high readmission and 1-year mortality rates. Patients and families should be counseled regarding these outcomes related to post–intensive care unit recovery after discharge to a long-term, acute-care hospital to allow for realistic expectations of survival after prolonged intensive care unit hospitalization.
Kaposi’s Sarcoma of the Rectum in a Homosexual Male with HIV-AIDS

Visceral involvement in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma is common, but it is rarely seen in the absence of cutaneous disease. Most patients with gastrointestinal tract Kaposi's sarcoma remain asymptomatic and are often diagnosed on endoscopy or autopsy. We report a case of a 24-year-old homosexual man who presented with rectal pain and bleeding and was found to have skin-sparing, disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma with rectum, liver, lungs, and lymph node involvement. Despite treatment with highly active anti-retroviral therapy, he developed multiorgan failure resulting in death.
Mef2C Maintains B Cell Homeostasis Through the Regulation of DNA Repair Machinery

Abstract Abstract 278 B lymphocytes are central mediators of humoral immunity as they are able to bind specifically to an antigen through B cell receptor (BCR) and generate antibodies against the antigen. During aging, specific reduction of bone marrow pre-B cells and defects in BCR rearrangement result in declined B lymphopoiesis and contribute to immunosenescence. One novel regulator of B cell homeostasis is Mef2C, a MADS-box transcription factor that activates target genes by binding to the MEF2 consensus binding site. Using VavCre+ Mef2Cfl/fl mice that ablate Mef2C in hematopoietic cells, we observed a specific reduction in the bone marrow pre-B cell already in young adults – a phenotype that resembles B cell aging. Loss of Mef2C resulted in higher percentage of late apoptotic and necrotic (AnnexinV+, 7AAD+) pre-B cells, suggesting a requirement for Mef2C in pre-B cell survival. To investigate the mechanism that Mef2C uses to regulate B lymphoid homeostasis, we performed gene expression study. Gene Ontology analysis of Mef2C dependent genes in pre-B cells showed a significant down-regulation of DNA repair and cell cycle genes. Furthermore, by searching for the MEF2 consensus binding site, we identified critical regulators of cell cycle (Ccnb1&2,E2F2, E2F6) and DNA damage response (Ercc8, H2afx, Mre11a, Rad51ap1, Rad54l, Rpa1) as putative Mef2C direct targets in pre-B cells. To functionally assess the requirement for Mef2C in DNA damage response, we performed radio-sensitivity analysis. Upon 6Gy irradiation, Mef2C deficient mice showed a dramatic ablation of peripheral blood B cells as compared to controls while their T and myeloid cells remained largely unaffected. These data suggest that Mef2C regulates DNA repair machinery to protect B lymphocytes against irradiation induced stress. Pre-B cell stage is a vulnerable step of B lymphopoiesis as successful BCR rearrangement is required for the pre-B cell receptor (pre-BCR) to support pre-B cell survival and expansion. DNA repair is a critical step during V(D)J recombination. Interestingly, in absence of Mef2C, V(D)J initiators (Rag1&2) and critical DNA repair effectors (Ku70, Xrcc4 & Lig4) failed to be upregulated during pro-B to pre-B transition as they did in controls. Furthermore, loss of Mef2C in both pro- and pre-B cells resulted in decreased expression of surrogate light chain genes (VpreB1&2) and recombined IgH μ chain. These findings define Mef2C as a lineage specific DNA repair regulator that links the classical DNA repair machinery to B cell factors and guards B lymphoid homeostasis at an inherently precarious developmental stage. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Educational (School) Counseling: United States

Counseling in educational settings began in the USA at the end of the nineteenth century in San Francisco. By the turn of the twenty-first century it had spread in various forms to countries throughout the world. School counselors, who were teachers and administrators without formal training, initially focused on providing vocational guidance. However, they quickly broadened their scope to include educational planning and personal concerns such as moral development. Although providing individual and group counseling to children and adolescents is the major role of school counselors currently, they also engage in classroom guidance activities designed to develop social skills and impart information about activities such as job hunting. Consultation with teachers and parents, the development of peer counseling, tutoring, and mediation programs, and a number of other activities are also included in counselors' roles. One activity that has received little attention from school counselors in the past, evaluation, may receive more emphasis in the future because of the need for counselors to demonstrate the value of their services. Although research has generally been supportive of the activities of school counselors, more and better designed research is needed, particularly with regard to the efficacy of classroom guidance.
Prediction of Mortality in Patients with Isolated Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Using a Decision Tree Classifier: A Retrospective Analysis Based on a Trauma Registry System

Background: In contrast to patients with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) in the presence of other types of intracranial hemorrhage, the prognosis of patients with isolated tSAH is good. The incidence of mortality in these patients ranges from 0–2.5%. However, few data or predictive models are available for the identification of patients with a high mortality risk. In this study, we aimed to construct a model for mortality prediction using a decision tree (DT) algorithm, along with data obtained from a population-based trauma registry, in a Level 1 trauma center. Methods: Five hundred and forty-five patients with isolated tSAH, including 533 patients who survived and 12 who died, between January 2009 and December 2016, were allocated to training (n = 377) or test (n = 168) sets. Using the data on demographics and injury characteristics, as well as laboratory data of the patients, classification and regression tree (CART) analysis was performed based on the Gini impurity index, using the rpart function in the rpart package in R. Results: In this established DT model, three nodes (head Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score ≤4, creatinine (Cr) 4 died, as did the 57% of those with an AIS score ≤4, but Cr ≥1.4 and age ≥76 years. All patients who did not meet the above-mentioned criteria survived. With all the variables in the model, the DT achieved an accuracy of 97.9% (sensitivity of 90.9% and specificity of 98.1%) and 97.7% (sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97.7%), for the training set and test set, respectively. Conclusions: The study established a DT model with three nodes (head AIS score ≤4, Cr <1.4, and age <76 years) to predict fatal outcomes in patients with isolated tSAH. The proposed decision-making algorithm may help identify patients with a high risk of mortality.
Measuring the Quantum Polarization State of Light

Quantum-state tomography is proposed as a means to achieve a complete measurement of the quantum polarization state of a light wave. A set of measurements using dual-polarization balanced homodyne detection is shown to be tomographi-cally complete with respect to the statistics of the SU(2) Stokes operators on the Poincare sphere. Complete reconstruction of the polarization sector of the density matrix of a partially polarized optical field can be achieved while randomizing the overall phase of the dual-polarization local oscillator.
Sleeping After the Feast: Deathbeds, Marriage Beds, and the Power Structure of Heorot

Previous examinations of the power structure of Heorot discuss the poem in terms of Hrothgar's admonition to Beowulf about reversal, loss of strength, and avoidance of pride. However, such discussions often fail to take into account the effects of specific events in the narrative and also overlook the subtle role that Wealhtheow plays in the power structure of Heorot. In this essay, I examine the military and sexual aspects of power changes in Heorot, which depend on the deathbed of the old king or the marriage bed of the peaceweaver. At every change of power in Hrothgar's court (Grendel's attack, Beowulf's arrival and defense of Heorot, Hrothgar's selection of Beowulf as protector of his chosen heirs, Grendel's mother's attack, and Beowulf's departure), the word bed, raest, or a compound containing one of the words appears as a poetic clue that power is shifting.
Effect of AQP1 Expression Level on CO2 Permeability in Bovine Corneal Endothelium

PURPOSE Corneal endothelial fluid transport is dependent on HCO(3)(-) and CO(2) fluxes. CO(2) permeability (P:CO(2)) measurements in an oocyte expression system and in reconstituted proteoliposomes have suggested that the water channel AQP1 can transport CO(2). An AQP1 knockout mouse model, however, showed no evidence for CO(2) transport through AQP1 in erythrocytes or lung. Because HCO(3)(-) and CO(2) fluxes are essential to endothelial function, the current study was conducted to determine whether AQP1 expression levels in confluent cultures of bovine corneal endothelial cells (BCECs) affects membrane PCO(2). METHODS BCEC endogenous AQP1 expression was reduced by antisense oligonucleotide (AO) transfection or adenoviral antisense-AQP1 (AV) infection. AQP1 was overexpressed by adenoviral sense-AQP1 (SV) infection, which directs expression of recombinant AQP1. RESULTS Expression of AQP1 and osmotic water permeability (control P(f) = 0.046 +/- 0.005 cm/sec) were reduced 45% and 36.5%, respectively, by AO transfection and reduced 67% and 49%, respectively, by AV infection. SV infection induced a more than threefold overexpression of AQP1 but showed only a 37% increase in P(f). Adenoviral empty virus (EV) infection did not change AQP1 expression or P(f). PCO(2) was determined by measuring the rate of intracellular pH decrease after exposure to CO(2)/HCO(3)(-)-rich solutions, as measured by the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (BCECF). Apparent PCO(2) of BCEC (0.0036 +/- 0.00023 cm/sec) was not different among control, oligonucleotide-transfected, and adenoviral-infected cells. P(f) could also be reduced more than 50% by 3 to 5 minutes' exposure of control cells to 0.5 mM p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid (pCMBS), but this had no effect on rates of intracellular pH decrease. CONCLUSIONS AQP1 does not contribute to PCO(2) in corneal endothelial cells.
Ruth Harris: A Reticent Disrupter in St. Louis Public Schools’ Stowe Teachers College during Jim Crow Era:

In 1940, St. Louis Public Schools named Dr. Ruth Harris, the first African American female President of the Stowe Teachers College (now named, Harris–Stowe State University). Like many African Amer...
Covid-19 communication aids.

Illness related to the novel coronavirus has driven a global crisis, and many clinicians are facing unexpected and challenging conversations. This guide is a graphic medicine adaptation of text that was created to provide a practical introduction on how to talk about difficult topics related to covid-19. During early spread of the …
Electron matter-wave vortices produced from atomic and molecular photoionization

The discovery of Archimedean spiral vortex patterns in single ionization of the helium atom by a pair of time-delayed, counter-rotating circularly-polarized attosecond pulses has created a new subfield in atomic molecular and optical (AMO) physics field. While this novel electron phenomenon has been demonstrated experimentally using femtosecond pulses and small binding energy atomic targets, our prediction of electron vortices has stimulated a number of theoretical studies for the occurrence of electron vortices in other atomic or molecular systems and linear or nonlinear processes. Great applications of electron vortices include laser pulse diagnostics, control of electron motions, control of charge migration in matter, imaging electron correlation processes while they occur, measuring of quantum mechanical phase of ionic states.
The Interfacial Shear Strength of Carbon Nanotube Sheet Modified Carbon Fiber Composites

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites have low density and high tensile strengths. However, their compressive strengths are much lower than their corresponding tensile strengths due to fiber micro-buckling and interface failure between fiber and matrix. To address this issue, we report a method for fabricating carbon nanotube (CNT) sheet scrolled carbon fibers or fiber tows to improve the interfacial shear strengths. A CNT sheet is drawn from a drawable carbon nanotube forest grown on a silicon substrate, it is used to wrap around individual carbon fibers. The CNT wrapped carbon fiber is subsequently impregnated into a polymer to form a composite. Scanning electron micrograph shows that the wettability of CNT wrapped carbon fiber composite increases drastically in comparison with the composite without CNT, indicating significantly increased bonding between carbon fiber and polymer due to the addition of aligned CNT at the interphase. Fiber push-out and push-in nanoindentation characterization indicates increased interfacial shear strengths, consistently at over 80% with the use of wrapped aligned CNT sheet. The results from scrolling CNT sheet around individual carbon fibers to enhance compressive strengths indicate the potential performance enhancement of composites when this approach is scaled up.
Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance

In 1900, the three leading causes of death were pneumonia, tuberculosis, and diarrhea with enteritis. Today, due to the control of infectious diseases over the last century, the leading causes of death have transitioned into more chronic, noninfectious diseases. Antibiotic drugs were first used clinically in the 1940s, shifting the trajectory of medicine as one of the greatest discoveries in scientific history. Because the roots of antibiotic discovery extend into the microbial genome, lack of antibiotic stewardship have caused exponential development of resistance in recent years. A deeper understanding of the specific mechanisms utilized by bacteria to evade destruction by antibiotics is necessary.
Mechanically Bonded Materials (Stoddart)

Fraser Stoddart and I have interacted closely since 2004 (monthly and sometimes weekly when he was still at UCLA) and we have published no fewer than 46 papers together. This has been a great collaboration because Fraser relies on advice from computations for nearly all of the revolutionary materials utilizing the mechanical bond that he has been developing. We have used a variety of theory and methods: quantum mechanics (QM), molecular dynamics (MD), Monte Carlo, or QM tunneling, which we have extended to problems necessary to deal with the complex mechanically constrained systems Stoddart has been designing, synthesizing, and characterizing.
Magnetic proximity effect in magnetic-insulator/heavy-metal heterostructures across the compensation temperature

Nonmagnetic heavy metals can develop a magnetic moment due to the proximity of a magnetic layer. Here, the sign of the proximity effect in Pt and W grown on the ferrimagnetic insulator Dy${}_{3}$Fe${}_{5}$O${}_{12}$ (DyIG) is examined. Polarized neutron reflectometry indicates the importance of a clean metal/garnet interface, and shows that the proximity effect in Pt/DyIG is positive above and below the DyIG compensation temperature, indicating a different origin compared to that of Pt adjacent to a ferrimagnetic metal alloy.
Prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal symptoms after recovery from COVID-19.

Background COVID-19 frequently presents with acute gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, but it is unclear how common these symptoms are after recovery. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of GI symptoms after COVID-19. Methods The medical records of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 1 and June 30, 2020, were reviewed for the presence of GI symptoms at primary care follow-up 1 to 6 months later. The prevalence of new GI symptoms was estimated, and risk factors were assessed. Additionally, an anonymous survey was used to determine the prevalence of new GI symptoms among online support groups for COVID-19 survivors. Key results Among 147 patients without pre-existing GI conditions, the most common GI symptoms at the time of hospitalization for COVID-19 were diarrhea (23%), nausea/vomiting (21%), and abdominal pain (6.1%), and at a median follow-up time of 106 days, the most common GI symptoms were abdominal pain (7.5%), constipation (6.8%), diarrhea (4.1%), and vomiting (4.1%), with 16% reporting at least one GI symptom at follow-up (95% confidence interval 11 to 23%). Among 285 respondents to an online survey for self-identified COVID-19 survivors without pre-existing GI symptoms, 113 (40%) reported new GI symptoms after COVID-19 (95% CI 33.9 to 45.6%). Conclusion and inferences At a median of 106 days after discharge following hospitalization for COVID-19, 16% of unselected patients reported new GI symptoms at follow-up. 40% of patients from COVID survivor groups reported new GI symptoms. The ongoing GI effects of COVID-19 after recovery require further study.
Development of a Hierarchical Decision Model (HDM) for health technology assessment (HTA) to design and implement a new patient care database for low back pain

Decision-making in healthcare towards the use, implementation and design of assistive information technologies like patient care database is looked from multiple perspectives. We propose utilization of Hierarchical Decision Model (DHM) for new patient care database design for low back pain at Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon. Extensive literature review provides justification for the criteria used. The model could be used for other patient care software assessment in healthcare. The strategies (2nd layer of the model) could be revised to further fit the needs of a particular department. The next stage of current research is model implementation, expert quantification gathering and analysis at OHSU.
Level of hyaluronidase inhibitor in the serum of premature infants with retrolental fibroplasia

The serum of the premature infant contains material which inhibits bovine hyaluronidase. This inhibitor was found to be present to about the same degree in infants with and without retrolental fibroplasia and appeared to be unrelated to the severity of the disease. The level of the physiologic inhibitor of hyaluronidase found in the blood of the premature and full term infant is approximately of the same order of magnitude.
Magnetic clouds and the quiet-storm effect at Earth

In this review, we discuss first magnetic clouds in the context of other interplanetary causes of geomagnetic storms. We then describe work on the global field line topology of magnetic clouds, focussing on information gained by the use of energetic particles. We then give a summary of theoretical and simulation work on the dynamics of magnetic clouds. In one approach, based on self-similar evolution of radially expanding magnetic flux ropes, the role of electrons is central. A section on the boundaries of magnetic clouds is followed by one on magnetic field line draping around these ejecta, including the formation of a magnetic barrier. In the aspect of the study dealing with the geomagnetic response to magnetic clouds, we discuss effects on the dayside magnetosheath; ionosphere; and nightside magnetosphere at geostationary orbit and beyond, utilizing primarily observations made during Earth's encounter with a magnetic cloud on January, 13 - 14, 1988. A case study is mentioned where solar energetic particles, injected into a magnetic cloud and then guided along its helical field lines, entered the magnetosphere through interconnection of the cloud's field lines with those of Earth. Simulation work on the geomagnetic response to magnetic clouds is briefly reviewed. We finally consider studies specifically correlating magnetic clouds, in isolation or as part of compound streams, with geomagnetic storm activity. Throughout, we indicate areas where further work is needed.