cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Rapid removal of DFO-chelated aluminum during hemodialysis using polysulfone dialyzers

Rapid removal of DFO-chelated aluminum during hemodialysis using polysulfone dialyzers. Aluminum (Al) removal following deferoxamine (DFO) therapy in hemodialysis patients was evaluated in a pairedfashion comparing cuprophane (Travenol 12.11) and polysulfone (Fresenius F-80) dialyzers. Q B and Q D were held constant at 250 and 500 ml/min, respectively. The polysulfone dialyzer increased total plasma Al clearance from 20.0 ± 2.8 to 80.5 ± 7.6ml/min (P
Continuous Processing for Automobile Tire Fabrics

PROGRESS is evident to an unusual degree in the fabric-processing operations at the new automobile-tire plant of the Ford Motor Company.∗ The fabrics and rubbers which are run through these operations to form the rubber-fabric structures used in building the automobile tire pass through processes and machinery which clearly reflect the continuous production idea developed by the automobile industry. The electrical equipment in this plant introduces ideas which make the drives fundamentally different from those in general use.
A universal mapping for kolmogorov's superposition theorem

Based on constructions of Kalmogorov and an earlier refinement of the author, we use a sequence of integrally independent positive numbers to construct a continuous function @j(x) having the following property: Every real-valued uniformly continuous function f(x"1, ..., x"n) of n >= 2 variables can be obtained as a superposition of continuousfunctions of one variable based on weighted sums of translates of the fixedfunction @j(x) that is independent of the number of variables n. From this is obtained a stronger version of the Hecht-Nielsen three-layer feedforward neural network for implementing f(x"1, ..., x"n).
Inflammatory Regulation of Valvular Remodeling: The Good(?), the Bad, and the Ugly

Heart valve disease is unique in that it affects both the very young and very old, and does not discriminate by financial affluence, social stratus, or global location. Research over the past decade has transformed our understanding of heart valve cell biology, yet still more remains unclear regarding how these cells respond and adapt to their local microenvironment. Recent studies have identified inflammatory signaling at nearly every point in the life cycle of heart valves, yet its role at each stage is unclear. While the vast majority of evidence points to inflammation as mediating pathological valve remodeling and eventual destruction, some studies suggest inflammation may provide key signals guiding transient adaptive remodeling. Though the mechanisms are far from clear, inflammatory signaling may be a previously unrecognized ally in the quest for controlled rapid tissue remodeling, a key requirement for regenerative medicine approaches for heart valve disease. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding inflammatory mediation of heart valve remodeling and suggests key questions moving forward.
Advanced ceramic interconnect material for solid oxide fuel cells: Electrical and thermal properties of calcium- and nickel-doped yttrium chromites

Abstract The structural, thermal and electrical characteristics of calcium- and nickel-doped yttrium chromites were studied for potential use as the interconnect material in high temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and other high temperature electrochemical and thermoelectric devices. The Y 0.8 Ca 0.2 Cr 1− x Ni x O 3± δ compositions with x = 0–0.15 showed single phase orthorhombic perovskite structures between 25 and 1200 °C over a wide range of oxygen partial pressures. Nickel doping remarkably enhanced sintering behavior of otherwise refractory chromites, and densities 94% of theoretical density were obtained after sintering at 1400 °C in air with 15 at.% Ni. The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) was increased with nickel content to closely match that of an 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte for 0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.15. Nickel doping significantly improved the electrical conductivity in both oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. Undesirable oxygen ion “leakage” current was insignificant in dual atmosphere conditions. No interfacial interactions with YSZ were detected after firing at 1400 °C.
Perturbation and harmonic balance methods for nonlinear panel flutter.

A systematic way of applying both perturbation methods and harmonic balance methods to nonlinear panel flutter problems is developed here. Results obtained by both these methods for two-dimensional simply supported and three-dimensional clamped-clamped plates with six modes agree well with those obtained by the straightforward direct integration method, yet require less computer time and provide better insight into the solutions. Effects of viscoelastic structural damping on the flutter stability boundary are generally found to be destabilizing and the postflutter behavior becomes more explosive. The methods developed here may be of interest in related vibration problems.
Comparison of Chemical Effectiveness by the Multinomial Logit Technique

The probabilities of four types of effects when three types of chemicals (pyrethroid, benzoylphenylurea [BPU], and juvenile hormone analogue [JHA]) were sprayed on fourth- or sixth-instar western spruce budworms (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) were compared with a multinomial logit model. Our results demonstrated that the BPU’s (triflumuron and diflubenzuron), the pyrethroids (fenvalerate and permethrin), and the JHA methoprene differed in effectiveness (death before pupation, successful pupation with no further development, emergence of an adult with major abnormalities or formation of an adult that did not fully eclose, or successful adult emergence) depending on the effect assessed, the concentration applied, and the developmental stage of western spruce budworms upon which the chemical was sprayed. Use of a scaling procedure permitted comparison of effectiveness patterns without the factor of chemical concentration. The patterns of the two BPU’s applied to fourth instars were the same, as were the patterns for the two pyrethroids. The patterns for the two pyrethroids applied to sixth instars were also the same. However, the patterns for the two BPU’s applied to sixth instars differed significantly. Uses of the multinomial logit model for investigations of chemical modes of action are described.
Histopathology of the vestibular end organs after intratympanic gentamicin failure for Meniere's disease.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report of the histopathology of the vestibular end organs following intratympanic gentamicin for intractable Meniere's disease. There was relative sparing of the utricular macula, compared with the cristae ampullares. However, the utricular macula exhibited severe hair cell loss. Clinically, the patient has been free from vertigo spells for 3 years following labyrinthectomy. Objective: To describe the histopathology and morphometry of the vestibular end organs from a 59-year-old Meniere's patient who underwent transmastoid labyrinthectomy for recurrent vertigo after failed intratympanic gentamicin. Materials and methods: Light and transmission electron microscopy were utilized; with unbiased stereology-physical fractionator for type I, type II hair cell, and supporting cell counts. Comparison with end organ histopathology in a 56-year-old with Meniere's disease without gentamicin treatment was carried out. Results: Histopathological analysis of the semicircu...
Inhibition of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by interferon-gamma and recovery of virus replication with 2-aminopurine.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) belongs to a group of RNA viruses that establish persistent infections. A proposed strategy for evading immunity during persistent PRRSV infection is by preventing the induction of IFN activity in pigs and/or by blocking the activation of antiviral proteins in permissive cells. IFN-γ mRNA expression was observed in the lymph nodes and lungs of pigs infected with wild-type PRRSV strain SDSU-23983. Pretreatment of MARC-145 cells with IFN-γ inhibited wild-type (SDSU-23983 P6) and culture-adapted (SDSU-23983 P136) PRRS viruses in a dose-dependent manner and at relatively low concentrations. The effect of IFN-γ on virus replication included reductions in the number of infected cells, virus yield, and RNA content in single cells. Virus replication was partially restored by the addition of 2-aminopurine (2-AP), an inhibitor of dsRNA inducible protein kinase (PKR). The addition of 2-AP also restored the viral RNA content per cell to near normal levels, suggesting that inhibition of viral RNA synthesis was through PKR. The principal difference between P6 and P136 isolates was the recovery of P136 replication with lower concentrations of 2-AP. Immunostaining with anti-PKR antibody showed a redistribution of PKR from the cytoplasm into nucleoli of infected cells.
Late-Quarternary Paleoecology of the Cuatro Cienegas Basin, Coahuila, Mexico

Two sediment cores drawn from springs in the Cuatro Cienegas Basin, a small desert valley in central Coahuila, yielded fossil pollen chronologies transgressing more than 30,000 radiocarbon years. Comparisons of modern pollen spectra from the basin floor with the fossil records indicate that vegetation ecologically equivalent, if not identical, to that now present has occupied the floor of the basin since mid—Wisconsin time. A highly—endemic fauna and a lack of geological evidence for large Pleistocene lakes in the area afford strong support for this interpretation, and suggest that aquatic and terrestrial habitats of the valley lowlands remained stable environments throughout the Quaternary, regardless of fluctuations in regional climate. Fossil arboreal and Compositae pollen sequences provide a means for making stratigraphic correlations between the cores, and are the first late—Quarternary palynoclimatic chronologies available from northeastern Mexico. Trends in those components of the fossil records indicate that regional climate was cooler and perhaps more moist during the last Pluvial than at present. It became progressively warmer and drier during late—Pluvial time, and approximated modern climate during the Holocene. Holocene Altithermal or Hypsithermal intervals were undetected, but may be obscured by gaps in the fossil records.
I Will If You Will Similarity in Married Partners’ Readiness to Change Health Risk Behaviors

Married men and women (N = 1,899 couples) reported readiness to eat a healthier diet, lose weight, and get more exercise (stage of change) and indicated whether they were confident to make these changes (self-efficacy). Husbands’ and wives’ reports of readiness to change each health behavior were positively associated. Furthermore, women who indicated readiness to eat a healthier diet and get more exercise (contemplation or preparation stages) were less likely to endorse confidence to change when their husbands were in a lower stage than they were relative to those whose husbands shared the same stage of change. Similarly, men who indicated readiness to lose weight were less likely to endorse being confident in their ability to lose weight when their wives were in a lower stage than they were relative to those who shared the same stage. Consideration of interpersonal factors in the behavior change process may enhance behavioral interventions that include married partners together rather than either indivi...
Experimental investigation of steel spheres as a passive enhancement technique for flash boiling of HCFC-22

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the influence of a layer of 3.6-mm-diameter steel spheres on the mass flow during flash boiling in a glass pressure vessel. It was observed that the steel spheres added numerous heterogeneous nucleation sites within the liquid and promoted abundant vapor bubble growth during depressurization. The steel spheres were in contact with each other and with the interior of the glass vessel. The data from these experiments were compared with baseline experimental results primarily with regard to the mass flow. Each test was run for 60 s, using controlled variables of orifice diameters (1.59 and 5.56 mm), initial refrigerant amounts (0.23, 0.45, and 0.68 kg), initial pressures (575 and 840 kPa), and vessel geometries (665 and 1110 ml). Pressures, temperatures, and mass flow rates, along with calculated saturation temperatures, amount of superheat, mass flux, and total mass flashed, were used to compare the baseline experiments with the enhanced boiling method. Results showed an increase in the total mass flashed at each test condition, ranging from an average of 22% to 81% with respect to baseline experiments.
Electrophysiological Characterization of GABAergic Neurons in the Ventral Tegmental Area

GABAergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) play a primary role in local inhibition of mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons but are not physiologically or anatomically well characterized. We used in vivo extracellular and intracellular recordings in the rat VTA to identify a homogeneous population of neurons that were distinguished from DA neurons by their rapid-firing, nonbursting activity (19.1 ± 1.4 Hz), short-duration action potentials (310 ± 10 μsec), EPSP-dependent spontaneous spikes, and lack of spike accommodation to depolarizing current pulses. These non-DA neurons were activated both antidromically and orthodromically by stimulation of the internal capsule (IC; conduction velocity, 2.4 ± 0.2 m/sec; refractory period, 0.6 ± 0.1 msec) and were inhibited by stimulation of the nucleus accumbens septi (NAcc). Their firing rate was moderately reduced, and their IC-driven activity was suppressed by microelectrophoretic application or systemic administration of NMDA receptor antagonists. VTA non-DA neurons were recorded intracellularly and showed relatively depolarized resting membrane potentials (−61.9 ± 1.8 mV) and small action potentials (68.3 ± 2.1 mV). They were injected with neurobiotin and shown by light microscopic immunocytochemistry to be multipolar cells and by electron microscopy to contain GABA but not the catecholamine-synthesizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Neurobiotin-filled dendrites containing GABA received asymmetric excitatory-type synapses from unlabeled terminals and symmetric synapses from terminals that also contained GABA. These findings indicate that VTA non-DA neurons are GABAergic, project to the cortex, and are controlled, in part, by a physiologically relevant NMDA receptor-mediated input from cortical structures and by GABAergic inhibition.
Rangewide landscape genetics of an endemic Pacific northwestern salamander.

A species' genetic structure often varies in response to ecological and landscape processes that differ throughout the species' geographic range, yet landscape genetics studies are rarely spatially replicated. The Cope's giant salamander (Dicamptodon copei) is a neotenic, dispersal-limited amphibian with a restricted geographic range in the Pacific northwestern USA. We investigated which landscape factors affect D. copei gene flow in three regions spanning the species' range, which vary in climate, landcover and degree of anthropogenic disturbance. Least cost paths and Circuitscape resistance analyses revealed that gene flow patterns vary across the species' range, with unique combinations of landscape variables affecting gene flow in different regions. Populations in the northern coastal portions of the range had relatively high gene flow, largely facilitated by stream and river networks. Near the southeastern edge of the species' range, gene flow was more restricted overall, with relatively less facilitation by streams and more limitation by heat load index and fragmented forest cover. These results suggested that the landscape is more difficult for individuals to disperse through at the southeastern edge of the species' range, with terrestrial habitat desiccation factors becoming more limiting to gene flow. We suggest that caution be used when attempting to extrapolate landscape genetic models and conservation measures from one portion of a species' range to another.
Confusion and SIRPIDs regress with parenteral lorazepam

Stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic or ictal discharges (SIRPIDs) are EEG epileptiform periodic discharges (PD) induced by arousal. SIRPIDs lie along an ictal-interictal continuum with debate regarding urgency of treatment. In a patient with SIRPIDs, aphasia and confusion, i.v. lorazepam during EEG resulted in improved level of consciousness, return of verbal interaction and regression of SIRPIDs. This suggests that some forms of SIRPIDs may be associated with an ictal confusional state.
Distributed MEMS true-time delay phase shifters and wide-band switches

Wide-band switches and true-time delay (TTD) phase shifters have been developed using distributed microelectromechanical system (MEMS) transmission lines for applications in phased-array and communication systems. The design consists of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line (W=G=100 /spl mu/m) fabricated on a 500 /spl mu/m quartz substrate with fixed-fixed beam MEMS bridge capacitors placed periodically over the transmission line, thus creating a slow-wave structure. A single analog control voltage applied to the center conductor of the CPW line can vary the phase velocity of the loaded line by pulling down on the MEMS bridges to increase the distributed capacitive loading. The resulting change in the phase velocity yields a TTD phase shift. Alternatively, the control voltage can be increased beyond the pull-down voltage of the MEMS bridges such that the capacitive loading greatly increases and shorts the line to ground. The measured results demonstrate 0-60 GHz TTD phase shifters with 2 dB loss/118/spl deg/ phase shift at 60 GHz (/spl sim/4.5-ps TTD) and 1.8 dB loss/84/spl deg/ phase shift at 40 GHz. Also, switches have been demonstrated with an isolation of better than 40 dB from 21 to 40 and 40 to 60 GHz. In addition, a transmission-line model has been developed, which results in very close agreement with the measured data for both the phase shifters and switches. The pull-down voltage is 10-23 V, depending on the residual stress in the MEMS bridge. To our knowledge, this paper presents the first wide-band TTD MEMS phase shifters and wide-band switches to date.
Percutaneous Revision of a Testicular Prosthesis is Safe, Cost-effective, and Provides Good Patient Satisfaction

Office-based percutaneous revision of a testicular prosthesis has never been reported. A patient received a testicular prosthesis but was dissatisfied with the firmness of the implant. In an office setting, the prosthesis was inflated with additional fluid via a percutaneous approach. Evaluated outcomes included patient satisfaction, prosthesis size, recovery time, and cost savings. The patient was satisfied, with no infection, leak, or complication after more than 1 year of follow-up, at significantly less cost than revision surgery. Percutaneous adjustment of testicular prosthesis fill-volume can be safe, inexpensive, and result in good patient satisfaction.
High-resolution 7Li solid-state NMR study of LixV2O5 cathode electrodes for Li-rechargeable batteries

The LixV2O5 cathode of Li-rechargeable battery cells under three different charge states have been studied by high-resolution solid-state Li-7 magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy. In the charged and discharged states, three different Li-7 NMR resonances, corresponding to the Li+ ions in the electrolyte, in the V2O5 cathode, and on the surface of the V2O5 cathode, were identified by their spin-lattice relaxation times in inversion recovery experiments. Only signals of the Li+ ions in the electrolyte were observed in the over charged state. It is shown experimentally that the Li+ ions in the electrolyte experience a dynamics or exchange process in a time scale of milliseconds with those in the V2O5 cathode, in particular for the discharged state, where a severe cross relaxation effect was observed in the inversion recovery for the Li+ ions in the electrolyte. It is concluded that such an exchange is mediated by the Li+ ions on the surface of the V2O5 cathode. Therefore, the surface structure of the V2O5 cathode electrode plays an important role in the reversibility of the Li+ ions in the rechargeable battery.
ELEMENTS OF QUANTUM DEFECT THEORY. III. DIATOMIC MOLECULES

The preceding two papers by A. R. P. Rau and K. T. Lu describe the main features of QDT with illustrative applications to atomic Rydberg states and to the spectra of atomic negative ions. The interpretation of molecular spectra, however, requires considerably more sophistication since the relevant degrees of freedom include vibrational and rotational excitations in addition to electronic excitation. This complexity is illustrated schematically in Fig. 1 for H2. The large number of fragmentation channels can, in principle, be handled simultaneously using the general form of QDT; however, the bookkeeping alone is a formidable task.
Submarine towed communication antennas: past, present and future

Submarine antennas can be divided into two broad categories: mast and towed systems. In a mast system, a set of antennas is erected from the ship's sail to enable communication; several typical antennas used in a mast configuration are shown. A towed system, in contrast, is trailed behind the submerged vessel. The towed antenna system is probably the more complex design challenge of the two categories mentioned above, since issues such as buoyancy, mitigation of signal outages due to seawater wash-over, physical robustness and stealth must be simultaneously addressed if the system is to be used effectively in coastal warfare scenarios. Therefore, this paper focuses on submarine towed antenna design.
Following the leader in R&D: the joint effect of subordinate problem-solving style and leader-member relations on innovative behavior

There have been relatively few theoretically-based empirical studies of leadership in research and development (RD innovative behavior was negatively related to associative and positively related to bisociative problem-solving style and innovative behavior was positively related to LMX. Further, LMX explained variance in innovative behavior beyond that explained by problem-solving style alone. This relationship was shown to hold regardless of the type of task in which the R&D professionals were engaged. Implications for theory and for practising managers are discussed.
Comments on: "Impact of iron overload on interleukin-10 levels, biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in patients with sickle cell anemia".

Adel DrissDepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry and ImmunologyMorehouse School of Medicine, Genomics and Hemoglobinopathies ProgramHugh M. Gloster Building, Rm 352720 Westview Drive SW30310-1495 Atlanta, GAPhone: 404-752-1593adel@weboris.comwww.rbhh.org or www.scielo.br/rbhhDOI: 10.5581/1516-8484.20130004
Robust Control Design of a Single Degree-of-Freedom Magnetic Levitation System by Quantitative Feedback Theory

A magnetic levitation (maglev) system is inherently nonlinear and open-loop unstable because of the nature of magnetic force. Most controllers for maglev systems are designed based on a nominal linearized model. System variations and uncertainties are not accommodated. The controllers are generally designed to satisfy gain and phase margin specifications, which may not guarantee a bound on the sensitivity. To address these issues, this paper proposes a robust control design method based on Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT) applied to a single degree-offreedom (DOF) maglev system. The controller is designed to successfully meet the stability requirement, robustness specifications, and bounds on the sensitivity. Experiments verify that the controller maintains stable levitation even with 100% load variation. Experiments prove that it guarantees the transient response design requirements even with 100% load change and 39% model uncertainties. The QFT control design method discussed in this paper can be applied to other open-loop unstable systems as well as systems with large uncertainties and variations to improve system robustness.
Understanding the US Federal Framework for Marine Aquaculture Regulation

The growth and worldwide expansion of intensive aquaculture production over the past few decades has significantly increased the presence of aquaculture activities in estuarine and coastal waters, as well as the share of aquacultured products in the food supply. Negative experience with, and concern over the environmental impacts of intensive aquaculture practices, particularly those of shrimp and carnivorous finfish farming, and more recently of finfish ranching, has grown in parallel with industry expansion, leading, in turn, to an intensification in the debate over the appropriate substance, approach, and scope of industry regulation. The core of the debate over aquaculture regulation lies in the clash between a strong conviction among industry promoters that aquaculture is already over-regulated, and the reality of accumulating evidence that in spite of growing negative experiences with current intensive practices, relatively little has been learned and achieved in addressing various environmental implications of different types of aquaculture. A thorough and reflective understanding of the existing legal and regulatory system is a key factor in conducting and sustaining an informed and participatory discussion on the future of intensive aquaculture in the U.S., and on formulating societal expectations for industry environmental performance. This report aims to contribute towards the building and consolidation of such an understanding.
Intimate partner violence in rural women.

In conclusion it can be said that domestic violence in rural populations is a very complex situation in which many rural women find themselves. The nurse or other healthcare provider, in the rural setting, has to recognize the prevalence of intimate partner violence in their aggregate and find ways to not only screen these women, but also assist them in their plight for freedom from abuse. It is not only a part of the job of nurses and healthcare providers, but an ethical obligation to empower our clients to leave abusive situations for themselves and their family. Language: en
The CUPAD System: Real Time Handling of Randomly Acquired Clinical Ultrasound Data

The CUPAD system described in the previous paper includes a custom designed hardware interface between a Picker EV-6 Scanner and a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-15 computer, and a supporting software package. This paper will describe in greater detail the structure and operation of the hardware and the software.
Mobile Memory Systems

The mobile market will continue to drive the memory industry in the up-coming years, with the highest growth for both system memory and storage. It is expected that handsets and tablets will represent more than 40% of DRAM and NANDindustry bit demand in 2018. The evolution from feature phones to smartphones and tablets imposed a steady improvement to memory system in terms of interfaces, performances and features, to address the challenging requirements of new applications.After a brief description of smartphone architecture, this paper summarizes features and characteristics of the memory devices in today's mobile systems describing their evolution in the recent years. Furthermore, it illustrates usage models and typical workloads measured in smartphones. Some relevant use cases where the memory system plays a fundamental role for the user experience are described, including high resolution photo and video, and gaming.
Is pi normal? (1985)

Paper 6: Stan Wagon, “Is pi normal,” The Mathematical Intelligencer, vol. 7 (1985), p. 65–67. With permission of Springer.
Micromanaging Expert Talk: Hosts’ Contributions to Televised Computer Product Demonstrations

Conversation analysis of interactive talk on the television program Computer Chronicles indicates that both the host and the guests shape the product demonstration. The host overtly contributes ideas to the ongoing interaction, fine-tuning the demonstration through the use of prompts and clarifications. Guests respond to these in topically informative ways. Although the host performs much the same opening, closing, and direction management functions as do interviewers in broadcast news interviews, these computer product demonstrations are cooperatively informational rather than challenging or combative in tone.
Prader-Willi syndrome and atypical submicroscopic 15q11-q13 deletions with or without imprinting defects.

We report a 20 year follow up on a Caucasian female, now 26 years of age, with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) harboring an atypical 15q11-q13 submicroscopic deletion of 100-200 kb in size first detected in 1996 involving the imprinting center, SNRPN gene and surrounding region. PWS is a rare complex disorder caused by the loss of paternally expressed genes in the 15q11-q13 region. With high resolution chromosomal microarray and methylation - specific MLPA analysis, we updated the genetic findings on our patient and found a 209,819bp deletion including the SNURF-SNRPN gene complex which includes the imprinting center and the SNORD116 region. We compared with four other similarly reported individuals in the literature with atypical submicroscopic deletions within this region but without imprinting center involvement to better characterize the specific genetic lesions causing PWS clinical findings. Clinically, our patient met the diagnostic criteria of PWS including infantile hypotonia, a poor suck with feeding difficulties, global developmental delays and later food foraging, childhood obesity, small hands and skin picking. Small atypical deletions of comparable sizes were seen in the 15q11-q13 region in all five cases and similar behavioral/physical characteristics were found despite an imprinting defect in our patient. These results further support an overlapping critical deletion region involving the non-coding snoRNA SNORD116 in common in the five individuals playing a key role in contributing to the PWS phenotype.
Effects of microwave switch isolation on a Butler matrix beamforming network in smart antenna systems

The paper analyzes the effect of finite microwave switch isolation on the beam pattern generated by an N/spl times/N Butler matrix beamforming network. The result indicates that, as switch isolation becomes lower, the array's sidelobe levels increase, and the angle in the main beam shifts slightly. The sidelobe level increases in proportion to the level of isolation, but was found to be non linearly related to the switch isolation, and is dependent on the selected beam.
An electronically tuned, stable 8415 MHz dielectric resonator FET oscillator for space applications

A voltage-controlled 8415-MHz FET oscillator stabilized by a dielectric resonator is described. The oscillator provides over 3.2-MHz linear electronic tuning range with a flat power output equal to +1.8 dBm (27 degrees C, nominal), a single-sideband noise-to-carrier ratio of -68 dBc/Hz at 1 kHz off carrier, and a frequency-temperature coefficient of 0.54 parts per million/ degrees C over a -24 degrees C to 75 degrees C range. The oscillator withstood 150 Krads (Si) of gamma radiation with no significant performance degradation. The overall performance of the FET oscillator is far superior in many ways to that of an equivalent bipolar oscillator for space applications. For space applications, the FET dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO) is preferred over bipolar DRO because of its lower DC power consumption, better thermal frequency stability, linear electronic tunability. and higher RF output power capability. >
Heat Shock Proteins and the Stress Response

Abstract In response to insults, such as ischemia, hypoxia, and trauma, the brain undergoes a coordinated stress response that allows it to protect itself from harm. The most widely studied of these stress proteins are the heat shock proteins, initially described when cells were exposed to sublethal heat stress. In stroke and related models, the 70-kD inducible heat shock protein (Hsp70) has been shown to protect the brain through its chaperone properties, preventing protein aggregation and facilitating nascent protein folding. Hsp70 also provides neuroprotection via additional mechanisms related to suppression of inflammation and apoptosis. Other stress proteins studied in brain ischemia models include heme oxygenase (Hsp32 or HO-1) and Hsp27, both of which also seem to provide cellular protection. Immediate early genes, of which c-jun and c-fos are the most widely studied in brain injury, appear very early after injury onset, and may serve to promote cell death pathways.
Hormone receptor status/stage and breast cancer patterns in Asian Americans

PL01-04 There is accumulating evidence from epidemiological studies conducted in western populations that breast cancer risk factors vary by hormone receptor status. However, information on risk factor associations by hormone receptor status is sparse in Asians. We conducted a population-based case-control study of breast cancer in Los Angeles County which included 1,277 (450 Chinese, 352 Japanese, 475 Filipinos) women with incident, histologically confirmed breast cancer and 1,160 control subjects (486 Chinese, 311 Japanese, 363 Filipinos). In-person interviews were conducted using a standardized, structured questionnaire that covered demographic characteristics and migration history, menstrual and reproductive factors and use of exogenous hormones, body size, physical activity and diet history. Overall, 16% of case patients had in situ breast cancer while 84% had invasive (54% localized, 30% advanced) breast cancer. Hormone receptor status was abstracted from the pathology records; 91% of the case patients with invasive breast cancer had information on estrogen receptor (ER) while 81% had information on progesterone receptor (PR). In this study of Asian-American women, risk of breast cancer increased significantly in association with nulliparity, low physical activity, high waist to hip ratio, history of diabetes, and low intake of soy foods and green tea. In addition, risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women was increased in relation to high recent weight and use of menopausal hormones, particularly use of estrogen-progestin therapy (Wu et al., 2007a, Wu et al., 2007b). The impact of these risk factors on breast cancer risk in Asian American women will be presented by hormone receptor status and tumor stage. These results in Asian American women will be compared to those reported on White and African-American women from population-based case-control studies of breast cancer that were conducted using similar study methods (Ursin et al., 2005; Ma et al., 2006). References Wu AH, Yu MC, Tseng CC, Pike MC. Body size, hormone therapy and risk of breast cancer in Asian-American women. Int J Cancer 120: 844-852, 2007a. Wu AH, Yu MC, Tseng CC, Pike MC. Diabetes and risk of breast cancer in Asian-American women. Carcinogenesis 28: 1561-1566, 2007b. Ursin G, Bernstein L, Lord SJ, Karim R, Deapen D, Press MF, et al. Reproductive factors and subtypes of breast cancer defined by hormone receptor and histology. Br J Cancer 93: 364-371, 2005. Ma H, Bernstein L, Ross RK, Ursin G. Hormone-related risk factors for breast cancer in women under age 50 years by estrogen and progesterone receptor status: results from a case-control and a case-case comparison. Breast Cancer Research 8: R39, 2006.
Acid ceramidase is a novel drug target for pediatric brain tumors

// Ninh B. Doan 1, 2 , Ha S. Nguyen 2 , Andrew Montoure 2 , Mona M. Al-Gizawiy 3 , Wade M. Mueller 2 , Shekar Kurpad 2 , Scott D. Rand 3 , Jennifer M. Connelly 4 , Christopher R. Chitambar 4 , Kathleen M. Schmainda 3, 6 , Shama P. Mirza 1, 7, 8 1 Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 2 Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 3 Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 4 Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 5 Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 6 Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 7 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA 8 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53211, USA Correspondence to: Ninh B. Doan, email: ndoan@mcw.edu Keywords: pediatric glioblastoma, acid ceramidase inhibitors, carmofur, glioblastoma, medulloblastoma Received: September 12, 2016 Accepted: February 15, 2017 Published: March 01, 2017 ABSTRACT Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and are also a leading culprit of cancer-related fatalities in children. Pediatric brain tumors remain hard to treat. In this study, we demonstrated that medulloblastoma, pediatric glioblastoma, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors express significant levels of acid ceramidase, where levels are highest in the radioresistant tumors, suggesting that acid ceramidase may confer radioresistance. More importantly, we also showed that acid ceramidase inhibitors are highly effective at targeting these pediatric brain tumors with low IC 50 values (4.6–50 μM). This data suggests acid ceramidase as a novel drug target for adjuvant pediatric brain tumor therapies. Of these acid ceramidase inhibitors, carmofur has seen clinical use in Japan since 1981 for colorectal cancers and is a promising drug to undergo further animal studies and subsequently a clinical trial as a treatment for pediatric patients with brain tumors.
Relocation, Intergenerational Transfers and Extended Family Insurance

This paper studies how young adults make relocation decisions to take advantage of time transfers from parents as a form of insurance against adverse economic conditions. It first documents the fact that adult children who received negative income shocks during the Great Recession were more likely to move to live closer to parents. Only one tenth of these movers chose to reside within their parents' home. The paper sets up a stylized model to illustrate how the possibility of time transfers affects the labor supply and welfare of adult children, and compares its impact with other forms of intergenerational transfers. We utilize the model to explore whether parental time assistance to the child, aided by proximity, becomes a more common phenomenon when the labor market deteriorates.
SNS Superconducting RF cavity modeling-iterative learning control

The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Superconducting RF (SRF) linear accelerator is operated with a pulsed beam. For the SRF control system to track the repetitive electromagnetic field reference trajectory, both feedback and feedforward controllers have been proposed. The feedback controller is utilized to guarantee the closed loop system stability and the feedforward controller is used to improve the tracking performance for the repetitive reference trajectory and to suppress repetitive disturbances. As the iteration number increases, the feedforward controller decreases the tracking error. Numerical simulations demonstrate that inclusion of the feedforward controller significantly improves the control system performance over its performance with just the feedback controller.
Aligning Local and Regional Data to Achieve a More Inclusive Economy: A Northeast Ohio Model

What drives economic growth in our communities and how can we ensure that more people benefit from that growth? While economic growth has been the focus of many U.S. cities and regions since the Great Recession, it is the second question that is gaining much-needed attention in recovery years. Answering either question is complicated by the lack of ability to access, analyze and apply data across diverse stakeholders and geographies. This chapter is for practitioners and policymakers interested in coordinating data across multiple stakeholders and geographies, and is particularly relevant for those interested in addressing inequality through more equitable economic development efforts. The chapter surfaces one example of a model in which cross-sector partners identified ways to improve labor market outcomes for all residents, especially lower income residents, across an 18-county region: first by using data and research to identify economic challenges and opportunities, and second by coordinating a plan of action across diverse sectors and jurisdictions. The chapter discusses the process that Northeast Ohio, and specifically the Fund for Our Economic Future, experienced as one example of cross-sector partners struggling to build—and re-build—a competitive economic base that benefits all people in its various communities. Its lessons have relevance for others trying to do the same in their own local, national or global contexts.
Bezlotoxumab: Could This be the Answer for Clostridium difficile Recurrence?

Objective: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and place in therapy of bezlotoxumab (BEZ), a novel monoclonal antibody against Clostridium difficile toxin B. Data Sources: A PubMed search was conducted for data between 1946 and April 2017 using MeSH terms bezlotoxumab, MK-6072, or MDX-1388 alone and the terms Clostridium difficile combined with monoclonal antibody or antitoxin. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The literature search was limited to English-language studies that described clinical efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics in humans and animals. Abstracts featuring prepublished data were also evaluated for inclusion. Data Synthesis: BEZ is indicated for adult patients receiving standard-of-care (SoC) antibiotics for C difficile infection (CDI) to prevent future recurrence. Two phase III trials—MODIFY I (n = 1452) and MODIFY II (n = 1203)—demonstrated a 40% relative reduction in recurrent CDI (rCDI) with BEZ compared with placebo (16.5% vs 26.6%, P < 0.0001). The m...
Formation of dysprosium carbide on the graphite (0001) surface

Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we characterize a surface carbide that forms when Dy is deposited on the basal plane of graphite. To form carbide islands on terraces, Dy is first deposited at 650--800 K, which forms large metallic islands. Upon annealing at 1000 K, these clusters convert to carbide. Deposition directly at 1000 K is ineffective because nucleation on terraces is inhibited. Reaction is signaled by the fact that each carbide cluster is partially or totally surrounded by an etch pit. The etch pit is one carbon layer deep for most carbide clusters. Carbide clusters are also identifiable by striations on their surfaces. Based on mass balance, and assuming that only the surface layer of carbon is involved in the reaction, the carbide has stoichiometry $\mathrm{D}{\mathrm{y}}_{2}\mathrm{C}$. This is Dy-rich compared with the most common bulk carbide $\mathrm{Dy}{\mathrm{C}}_{2}$, which may reflect limited surface carbon transport to the carbide.
Towards the Design of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) Antibody Sequences

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of enzymes dependent on metal ion cofactors that cleave the proteins found in the extracellular matrix and proteins involved in signalling processes in humans. These proteins play many important roles in normal physiology and development, but under pathological conditions, disregulated MMP activity can lead to cancer progression, undesired inflammation, and numerous other conditions [1]. Biological inhibitors of MMPs in the form of antibodies offer an appealing method for disrupting MMP enzyme activity, as antibodies are capable of potently, specifically inhibiting individual MMPs [2] in ways that traditional small molecules cannot [3]. The key challenge in establishing antibody-based inhibition as a general strategy for interfering with the pathologic functions of MMPs is the lack of fundamental information relating the amino acid sequences of inhibitory antibodies to their unique properties as inhibitors. In this poster, we present a method for analyzing protein sequences to uncover salient features of sequences of antibodies capable of binding to and inhibiting MMPs. The method consists of the following steps. First, we number antibody sequences [4] and divide them into frameworks [6], scaffolds that shape the antibodies' overall structures, and complementarity determining regions (CDRs) [5], peptide loops that directly contact the target MMP or other biological target. Second, we extract frameworks and CDRs [7] from the sequences. Third, we identify the most distinguishing features of antibody utilizing feature selection and machine learning algorithms. We expect to find distinct features of antibodies that bind or inhibit MMPs with this method. Distinct features can be further experimentally evaluated by altering the features unique to MMP-binding or MMP-inhibiting antibodies to assess their importance.
ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcoholic Liver Disease

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) comprises a clinical-histologic spectrum including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), and cirrhosis with its complications. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and data on the prevalence and profile of patients with early disease are limited. Diagnosis of ALD requires documentation of chronic heavy alcohol use and exclusion of other causes of liver disease. Prolonged abstinence is the most effective strategy to prevent disease progression. AH presents with rapid onset or worsening of jaundice, and in severe cases may transition to acute on chronic liver failure when the risk for mortality, depending on the number of extra-hepatic organ failures, may be as high as 20-50% at 1 month. Corticosteroids provide short-term survival benefit in about half of treated patients with severe AH and long-term mortality is related to severity of underlying liver disease and is dependent on abstinence from alcohol. General measures in patients hospitalized with ALD include inpatient management of liver disease complications, management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, surveillance for infections and early effective antibiotic therapy, nutritional supplementation, and treatment of the underlying alcohol-use disorder. Liver transplantation, a definitive treatment option in patients with advanced alcoholic cirrhosis, may also be considered in selected patients with AH cases, who do not respond to medical therapy. There is a clinical unmet need to develop more effective and safer therapies for patients with ALD.