cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Abstract 228: Assessing Knowledge, Perceptions, and Cultural Attitudes Towards Stroke in Elderly Korean-Americans: The Strengthening Our Korean Elders Through Community-Partnered Education (STROKE-COPE) Project

Objective: Despite high stroke risk, few Korean-American stroke prevention interventions have been done. We examined conceptions of stroke, including knowledge of risk factors (RFs), symptoms (Sx), prevention, cultural beliefs and perceived consequences, in elderly Korean-Americans. Results were to inform the design of effective and culturally relevant interventions for Korean-American seniors. Methods: Twenty-nine senior Korean-Americans were recruited from 3 locations in southern California: a Korean-American megachurch, and a private and a non-profit adult day health care centers for elderly Korean-Americans. Subjects completed a questionnaire on stroke RFs and Sx, health information sources, health care barriers, personal medical history, comfort with English, and year of immigration. In 3 moderator-facilitated focus groups (FGs), subjects discussed: 1) knowledge of stroke Sxs and RFs, and what to do when stroke occurs; 2) cultural attitudes and perceptions about stroke; 3) personal anecdotes about stroke; 4) preferred methods of education intervention. Discussion audiotapes were transcribed, translated from Korean to English, and validated by 2 bilingual researchers. English transcripts were coded by themes and subthemes independently by 3 raters, who after discussion, came to consensus. An 8-member Community Advisory Panel guided development of discussion guide questions and translations, and collaborated in interpretation. Results: Mean age of subjects was 79.7 years, 62% were female. Mean years in U.S. was 23.9; 24% had less than 8th grade education. 62% had history of hypertension; 59% had high cholesterol. 86% reported hypertension as a stroke RF, and slurred speech was most commonly identified as a stroke Sx (76%). Television (66%) and physician (59%) were the most common health information sources. 24% had difficulty accessing health care in the past year, with 62% citing discomfort with English language as the hindrance to access. In FGs, RFs emphasized were hypertension and family history, and the most common Sx discussed was being “knocked out.” A common stroke prevention theme was the balance of medication and wellness (exercise/diet). Cultural perceptions of stroke included “destiny,” and beliefs about the efficacy of blood-letting, acupuncture, and Oriental herbs. Attitudes towards stroke included fear and worry: though some viewed death as “fate,” others felt need for education. For stroke prevention, most preferred visual-aid presentations by Korean-speaking medical professionals in a locale familiar to senior Korean-Americans. Conclusions: Elderly Korean-Americans have substantial risk for stroke, but possess both language and belief barriers that may interfere with stroke prevention and response. A stroke education curriculum tailored for elderly Korean-Americans must address these culturally specific beliefs to be effective.
Melanoma-associated retinopathy.

Purpose/Methods A 64-year-old man with a history of maxillary antrum melanoma had abrupt-onset night blindness and photopsia. Results/Conclusions Ophthalmologic examination and electroretinogram suggested melanoma-associated retinopathy. Serum produced a weak but specific labeling of human bipolar cells by indirect immunofluorescence. Complete excision of melanoma may have contributed to low levels of circulating autoantibodies. The identity of the retinal bipolar antigen recognized by melanoma-associated retinopathy autoantibodies is needed for more accurate diagnosis.
The Molecular Biology of the Human Interleukin-2 Receptor

The recognition of antigen by antigen-specific receptors present on the surface of resting T cells initiates a cascade of intracellular events that lead to cellular activation and growth. These events include the induction of the de novo synthesis and secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2 or T cell growth factor) (Morgan et al., 1976) and the transient expression of high- and low-affinity IL-2 receptors (Smith, 1980; Robb, 1984; Greene and Robb, 1985; Greene et al., 1985). The interaction of IL-2 with its high-affinity membrane receptor in turn transduces the requisite intracellular signals leading to T cell proliferation and culminates in the generation of specific effector cells that mediate helper and cytotoxic T cell functions. The early increase in IL-2 receptor expression is later followed by a progressive decline in receptor number that may play an important role in terminating the T cell immune response. Thus, while specificity of this response is maintained by the antigen receptor, the magnitude and duration of the T cell immune response is controlled in part through the transient production of IL-2 and the display of IL-2 receptors.
Stochastic gradient descent for reducing complexity in millimeter wave hybrid precoding design

Millimeter wave (mmWave) system tends to have a large number of antenna elements to compensate for the high channel path loss. This paper addresses the computational problem in the hybrid precoding design with large antenna arrays. Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) based on Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm exhibits reduced complexity of the signal recovery instead of Least Square (LS) optimization. The simulation results show that a close performance, in terms of spectral efficiency, to the unconstrained optimal precoding case can be achieved with minimizing a cost function.
Simple staging system for osteosarcoma performs equivalently to the AJCC and MSTS systems.

Both the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) staging systems for skeletal sarcomas have major weaknesses. A revised staging system for osteosarcoma (the Vanderbilt system) was developed based on exploratory analyses of the relative prognostic impacts of histologic grade, tumor size, local tumor extension, and specific anatomic sites of metastasis using case records from the National Cancer Database (N = 4,285). AJCC, MSTS, and Vanderbilt staging schemes were then compared using a separate, population-based cancer registry (the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database; N = 2,246) as a validation dataset. Predictive accuracy for 5-year sarcoma-specific survival was evaluated by comparing areas under receiver-operating characteristic curves generated from logistic regression. Three different concordance indices and Bayesian information criteria were also calculated for model comparisons. The Vanderbilt staging system showed comparable predictive accuracy for 5-year disease-specific survival (65%) compared to the AJCC (67%) and MSTS (67%) staging systems. Most cross-comparisons of model concordance were not significantly different either. Bayesian information criterion was lowest for the MSTS staging system. Substaging osteosarcoma by current anatomical criteria is ineffectual. A simplified staging system based only on histologic grade and the presence of distant metastasis to any anatomic site performs similarly to the current AJCC and MSTS staging systems by multiple statistical criteria and is proposed for clinical and pathological staging of osteosarcomas of the non-pelvic appendicular and non-spinal axial skeleton. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2802-2808, 2018.
The experience of being an Anishinabe man healer: ancient healing in a modern world.

PURPOSE The purpose was to understand the experience of being an Anishinabe man healer. Of particular relevance, healers explained how they provide Indigenous health care in a world dominated by Western biomedicine. DESIGN A phenomenological approach was utilized to interview four Anishinabe men healers who reside in the United States and Canada. METHOD In-person interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The interviews were audiotaped when permitted; otherwise notes were taken. Data analysis was conducted using techniques from Colaizzi and van Manen. FINDINGS Seven themes were identified: (1) The Healer's Path, (2) Health as Wholeness, (3) Healing Ways, (4) Healing Stories, (5) Culture Interwoven with Healing, (6) Healing Exchange, and (7) Connection with Western Medicine. CONCLUSIONS The themes identified inform nursing practice by pointing out the importance of culture within traditional Indigenous healing, as well as the need for a holistic approach when caring for Indigenous people. Additionally, the Indigenous men healers acknowledged their connection with Western medicine as part of the process of healing for their clients. This emphasizes the need for nurses and other health care providers to become knowledgeable regarding traditional Indigenous healing that their clients may be receiving, in order to foster open communication.
Screening for Cardiovascular Disease Risk with Electrocardiography.

A 55-year-old man presents for an annual visit. He has no history of hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD), or diabetes mellitus; has never smoked; and has no family history of CVD. His lipid panel results from one year ago were normal, and he has no current symptoms of CVD.
Foreign Aid and Development in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: An Analysis of International Barriers to Development

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) remains one of the poorest and least developed countries in the world. Despite its abundance of natural resources, it has failed to develop and maintain political stability since its decolonization in 1960. With its unstable and corrupt government, the DRC’s primary source of fiscal investment comes from foreign aid, from both International Organizations (IOs), like the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, as well as International Non-Governmental Organization (INGOs). In this paper I examine how the role of international aid from The World Bank, IMF, and INGOs has contributed to the pervasive stagnation of the DRC’s economic growth, and how aid can be implemented equitably and efficiently. In order to create a comprehensive overview of economic development in the DRC, I analyze the repercussions of colonial legacies, government corruption, the benefits of foreign aid, and possible neo-colonial implications of foreign aid on the country’s growth. After analyzing the sum of these effects on economic growth, we can conclude that ultimately foreign aid is necessary for development in the DRC; however, adjustments must be made to current aid programs in order to create equitable growth.
A Contour Completion Model for Augmenting Surface Reconstructions

The availability of commodity depth sensors such as Kinect has enabled development of methods which can densely reconstruct arbitrary scenes. While the results of these methods are accurate and visually appealing, they are quite often incomplete. This is either due to the fact that only part of the space was visible during the data capture process or due to the surfaces being occluded by other objects in the scene. In this paper, we address the problem of completing and refining such reconstructions. We propose a method for scene completion that can infer the layout of the complete room and the full extent of partially occluded objects. We propose a new probabilistic model, Contour Completion Random Fields, that allows us to complete the boundaries of occluded surfaces. We evaluate our method on synthetic and real world reconstructions of 3D scenes and show that it quantitatively and qualitatively outperforms standard methods. We created a large dataset of partial and complete reconstructions which we will make available to the community as a benchmark for the scene completion task. Finally, we demonstrate the practical utility of our algorithm via an augmented-reality application where objects interact with the completed reconstructions inferred by our method.
Fibre-Reinforced Composite Splint – Step-by-Step Instructions

Tooth mobility is commonly seen in general dental practice, usually resulting from chronic periodontitis. A fibre-reinforced composite splint may be used to treat mobile teeth successfully. This ar...
Intergenerational mentoring, eudaimonic well-being and gene regulation in older adults: A pilot study

To clarify the biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between pro-social behavior and health, this pilot study examined the impact of a 9-month intergenerational helping intervention on conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) gene expression profiles, which are characterized by up-regulation of genes involved in inflammation and down-regulation of genes involved in antiviral defenses. The Generation Xchange program trains and places older (age 50+) volunteers in K-3rd grade classrooms to aid students' academic development (reading and math) and address behavioral issues (e.g., inability to focus during class, behaviors that disrupt class). Volunteers were predominately women (89%) and African American (94%) from the neighborhoods around the schools. Repeated measures planned contrast analysis of 53 CTRA indicator transcripts in 50 blood samples collected from 18 individuals on 2-3 occasions revealed a significant reduction in CTRA gene expression from baseline to the average of 3- and 9-month follow-up. The magnitude of individual decrease in CTRA gene expression correlated with the magnitude of individual increase in eudaimonic well-being over time (net of changes in hedonic well-being). In addition to clarifying biological pathways through which pro-social behavior might impact health, these pilot data suggest that the GenX program may have favorable effects on immune cell gene regulation.
Optimal Partition Search

In the field of search algorithms, choosing an optimal partition that takes much less time to search a desired element in an array in comparison with other partitions is a daunting task. Traditional search algorithms such as binary search and quadratic search do not always perform better in the arrays having arbitrary size. This paper aims to develop an algorithm that gives the optimal partition to use in the array so thatitfetchesthedesiredelementinanoptimaltime.Thebasic approachtoimplementthisalgorithmistakenfrombinarysearch butdonethesearchbyconsideringpartitionsstartingfromtwoup tothesizeofthearrayandcalculatingthesearchingtimetakenby each and every partition to search the desired element that is further compared with searching times taken by all other partitions. As a result, the algorithm then finds the optimal partition. The results show that the proposed algorithm performs well by means of giving the optimal partition on the basis ofan input array having arbitrary size and an item to be searched. The basic difference between traditional searching algorithms and the proposed algorithm is that those algorithms are used for searching the desired element, but this algorithm finds the partition that searches the desired element in minimum time which makes this algorithm a generalized version of all partition searching algorithms such as linear search, binary search, and quadratic search. Moreover,this algorithm can be used as a preprocessing step for finding optimal partition and then apply searching algorithm using that partition in order to search the desired element in minimum time. Overall, theconclusion is that the optimization concept applied in this work allows finding the most favorable partition for searching an element in the array. This work can provide beneficial guidance for using search algorithms correctly in actual searchspace.
Evaluation and Treatment of the Patient Who Is Regaining Weight

Obesity is a growing worldwide epidemic and an emerging healthcare problem affecting millions of people in the United States. Currently, mortality is less than 1%, and morbidity is under 10%. One significant long-term concern is weight regain. In order to manage weight regain, a multifactorial approach is critical. Options for treatment include behavioral modifications, pharmacological intervention, endoscopic revision, and surgical operations offer additional weight loss and amelioration of comorbidities.
THE CALIFORNIA PHENOLOGY COLLECTIONS NETWORK: USING DIGITAL IMAGES TO INVESTIGATE PHENOLOGICAL CHANGE IN A BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT

The California Phenology Thematic Collections Network (CAP TCN) is a collaborative project that seeks to maximize the value of herbarium specimens and their data, especially for understanding changes in plant phenology due to anthropogenic climate change. The project unites personnel in herbaria at California universities, research stations, natural history museums, and botanic gardens with the goal of capturing images, transcribing label data, and producing georeferenced coordinates of nearly one million preserved plant specimens collected over the past 150+ years. Each digitized specimen will also be scored for its phenological status—the stage of growth and reproduction of the specimen such as flowering or fruiting. The CAP TCN is developing efficient workflows and data standards necessary to collect, store, and analyze trait data from specimens to ensure their utility for research and other applications. These novel resources and data will enable powerful research in phenology and other topics in the California Floristic Province biodiversity hotspot and beyond.
The Role of Adolescent Sex Education in Sexual Satisfaction among LGB+ and Heterosexual Young Adults.

Comprehensive sex education from schools and parents can reduce adolescent sexual risk. Little is known about the associations between adolescent sex education and sexual satisfaction among young a...
A Novel Transverse Read Technique for Domain-Wall “Racetrack” Memories

Domain-wall memory (DWM), an extension to spin transfer torque-magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM), stores multiple bits, each bit in an individual domain within a nanowire. The access mechanism of a DWM is carried out with the help of an access point orthogonal to the nanowire, similar to a conventional magneto-tunnel junction (MTJ) of STT-MRAM. In this context, the MTJ free layer is one of the domains of the nanowire. Prior to an access, the desired bit is brought under the access point by shifting, and then its spin orientation is detected by a traditional sensing circuit or overwritten with a write current. However, the nanowire can also be viewed as a multi-level cell (MLC)-like device when tested with an end-to-end current. Based on this observation, we devised a novel transverse read (TR) technique to detect the number of ‘1's stored in a DWM without shifting any domains. TR is non-destructive and requires ultra-low power insomuch as the TR current is small compared to the shifting current. The TR has interesting applications in DWM such as a neuron in a neuromorphic engine, a multi-bit digital storage device, or as a fault tolerance tool for shifting reliability in DWM memories. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of TR in both perpendicular and in-plane magnetic anisotropy nanowires and determine the critical requirements of successful TR operation.
The Main Approaches to CDA/CDS

This chapter discusses further the relationship between CDA and CDS, and the panoply of work in CDA/CDS, and then outlines the seven most common and best known approaches that are frequently cited in the literature, are used in the most publications, have appeared in major journals in the field (e.g., Discourse and Society, Critical Discourse Studies, Discourse Studies, Social Semiotics, etc.) and are currently commonly used by scholars. These are the dialectical-relational (DRA), sociocognitive (SCA), discourse-historical (DHA), social semiotic/multimodal (MCDA), Foucauldian dispositive analysis (DPA), corpus linguistic (CorpLingA), and cognitive linguistic (CogLing) approaches. A comparison of these frameworks and how widely they are known and listed as ‘approaches’ across CDA/CDS scholarship is given in Table 4.1 (which also lists a few others). For each one, we provide an explanation of its origins and development over time, associated scholars and research focus(es), as well as central concepts and distinguishing features. And we give their definition of ‘discourse’ and, when applicable, ‘critique/critical’, ‘context’, ‘power’, ‘history’, ‘ideology’ since they vary significantly from one approach to another. We end each section of this chapter by providing citations of articles so that readers interested in any particular approach to CDA/CDS can easily find some of the most recent work in that area.
The AI-teration Method and the Role of AI in Architectural Design

With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) machines are able to challenge our notion that human intelligence can be the sole source of creativity. In this study, the author has developed a pipeline in which the client inputs a selection of images that they prefer, from which the computer infers the client’s preferences using image classification and suggests three design proposals in the form of a “mood board” using approximate nearest neighbor finding and generative adversarial networks (GANs). The mood board is a way of capturing and presenting architectural ideas to a client widely used in the architectural field. The machine’s output acts as “sketches”, similar in their look and feel to human created sketches that are included in traditional, human generated mood boards. The author believes that this technology will not be a replacement for the work of the architect, but rather be a complement to it, as the architect still has a valuable role to play in “deciphering” and interpreting the computer’s output, as well as in moving forward with the execution of the project. However, it has potential to speed up and enhance the iterative design process through the computer’s generative capabilities and the architect will benefit from the abundance of new ideas to accompany his or her own. In the long run, the architectural profession may change towards serving a more managerial role that brings computer made designs to (real) life.
Prussian Discipline and Lesbian Vulnerability: Christa Winsloe’s Children in Uniform at the Gate

This chapter examines the Dublin production and critical reception of Christa Winsloe’s Children in Uniform, which ran to full houses at the Gate for three weeks in April 1934. The play, which deals with the love between a Prussian schoolgirl and her female teacher, had premiered in Leipzig (1930), run successfully in Berlin (1931), and been adapted for the screen as Madchen in Uniform (1931) before it was translated into English for a successful London run in 1932-1933. Edwards and mac Liammoir probably saw the original German play in Berlin in 1931. Using the prompt copy, lighting plots, photographs and reviews, the chapter shows how Edwards used expressionistic lighting and sonic leitmotifs to underscore the authoritarian regime within which the relationship between the women develops. In following the Berlin staging, Edwards produced a more subversive version of the play than that seen by London audiences or cinema goers.
Earth-abundant redox couples using durable boron doped diamond electrodes: Beyond vanadium redox couples

Abstract In this study, boron doped diamond (BDD) is utilized as a redox flow battery (RFB) electrode, demonstrating its capability with several low-cost redox couples for the first time. Active species cost, electrode corrosion, energy density, and power density are the current issues hindering the widespread adoption of RFBs. Several high-potential and low-cost redox couples, including Ce3+/Ce4+ and Mn2+/Mn3+, are shown to exhibit low overpotentials, high efficiency, and good cyclability on BDD electrodes. Using the Ce3+/Ce4+ redox couple, a formal potential of 1.67 V vs. SHE and a peak separation of 288 mV during cyclic voltammetry was obtained. Low-cost redox species significantly decrease RFB system cost while high potentials increase energy and power density. Demonstrated here, high potentials cannot be supported by traditional carbon-based RFB electrodes due to significant corrosion and gas evolution; however, the inherent properties of BDD negate this effect. This study exhibits the potential of BDD, as an alternative to traditional carbon-based electrodes, to enable a long cycle life, at high coulombic efficiencies, and with high-potential and low-cost redox couples.
Knowledge and attitudes of U.S. medical students regarding the care of Asian American patients: a cross-sectional survey study

Asian Americans (AsAm) are a rapidly growing population in the U.S. With this growing population, U.S. healthcare providers must be equipped to provide culturally competent care for AsAm patients. This project surveyed U.S. medical students on their knowledge of and attitudes towards AsAm to assess predictors of readiness to care for AsAm patients. This cross-sectional study surveyed medical students who had completed at least one clinical rotation. The survey was distributed online to nine medical schools throughout the U.S. The survey measured self-rated knowledge of, comfort with, cultural competency (CC) towards, and explicit biases towards AsAm patients. The first three domains were analyzed in a multivariate regression model including sociodemographic characteristics and past clinical, curricular, and social experiences with AsAm. Explicit bias questions were reported descriptively. There were 688 respondents. Asian race, AsAm-prevalent hometown, AsAm-related extracurricular activities, Asian language knowledge, and having taken a population health course predicted increased AsAm knowledge. Social interactions with AsAm increased comfort with AsAm patients. Increasing year in medical school, more frequent exposure to AsAm patients on rotations, and prior travel to an Asian country were predictors of increased CC toward AsAm. Importantly, having completed a CC course was a significant predictor in all domains. In terms of explicit bias, students felt that AsAm patients were more compliant than Caucasian patients. Students also believed that Caucasian patients were generally more likely to receive self-perceived “preferred” versus “acceptable” care, but that in their own clinical experiences neither group received preferred care. Experience with and exposure to AsAm prior to and during medical school and CC courses may increase medical student knowledge, comfort, and CC with AsAm patients. Standardized and longitudinal CC training, increased simulations with AsAm patients, diverse student recruitment, and support for students to engage in AsAm-related activities and interact with AsAm may improve CC of future physicians towards AsAm patients and possibly other minority populations.
Peroral endoscopic myotomy is equally safe and highly effective treatment option in achalasia patients with both lower and higher ASA classification status.

The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification system was developed as a simple categorization of patients’ physiological status that predicts the operative risk. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a less invasive alternative to surgical myotomy in achalasia. As such, POEM seems to be an appealing option for high-risk patients with achalasia. However, there are no studies which systematically analyzed the outcomes of POEM among patients with different ASA classes. Hence, we aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of POEM in patients with lower and higher ASA classes. Medical records of all achalasia patients who underwent POEM at our institution between April 2014 and May 2019 were reviewed. Patients were categorized arbitrarily into two groups, lower ASA class (ASA I and II combined) and higher ASA class (ASA class III and IV combined). Demographic and procedural details, timed barium swallow (TBE), high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM), pH study findings and Eckardt scores were compared between the two groups. Baseline characteristics were compared using Chi-square test and two-sample t-test for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. A total of 144 patients met our study criteria (lower ASA class, n = 44; and higher ASA class, n = 100). Patients in higher ASA class were significantly more obese and older. More patients in lower ASA class had prior Heller myotomy and more patients in higher ASA Class had prior botulinum toxin injections. Procedural parameters were similar in both groups. Procedural complications were infrequent and were also similar in the two groups. The length of stay, 30-day readmission rate, reflux symptoms and esophageal pH study findings were also comparable between the two groups. Treatment success was similar in both groups, 97.7% in lower ASA class versus 92% in higher ASA class (p = 0.19). At 2-month follow-up, both groups had significant improvement in HREM and TBE parameters. POEM is a very safe and highly effective treatment option for achalasia patients with advanced ASA class similar to lower ASA class patients. POEM may be considered as the preferred choice for myotomy in these high-risk achalasia patients due to its low morbidity and high efficacy.
China’s new Red Guards: the return of radicalism and the rebirth of Mao Zedong: by Jude Blanchette, New York, Oxford University Press, 2019, 206 pp., £18.99 (hardback), ISBN: 9780190605841

No matter where you see China 20 years from now, you may have wondered how the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has come so far. When Mao Zedong died in 1976, China was enmeshed in multiple existentia...
A Possible Role for Stochastic Astrophysical Ionizing Radiation Events in the Systematic Disparity between Molecular and Fossil Dates

Abstract Major discrepancies have been noted for some time between fossil ages and molecular divergence dates for a variety of taxa. Recently, systematic trends within avian clades have been uncovered. The trends show that the disparity is much larger for mitochondrial DNA than for nuclear DNA, also that it is larger for crown fossil dates than stem fossil dates. It has been argued that this pattern is largely inconsistent with incompleteness of the fossil record as the principal driver of the disparity. A case is presented that, given the expected mutations from a fluctuating background of astrophysical radiation from such sources as supernovae, the rate of molecular clocks is variable and should increase back to a few million years, before returning to the long-term average rate. This is a possible explanation for the disparity. One test of this hypothesis is to look for an acceleration of molecular clocks at 2 to 2.5 Ma due to one or more moderately nearby supernovae known to have happened at that time...
Creativity in the Classroom: A Content Analysis of the Journal of Creativity in Mental Health from 2005 to 2020

This content analysis provides an overview of articles specific to creativity in counselor education classrooms published in the American Counseling Association (ACA) journal for creativity – The J...
Facial Emotion Recognition using Transfer Learning: A Comparative Study

Many academics across the world have focused on Facial Emotion Recognition using various deep learning techniques. There are several Deep Learning algorithms available to accomplish this task, but none of them reach higher accuracy due to a lack of huge datasets available online. To address this issue, researchers have resorted to transfer learning to improve the accuracy of their predictions. In this paper we propose a comparative study conducted using various Pre-trained models for facial emotion recognition and can be used in various real-life applications.
International Development and Global Politics: History, Theory and Practice

1. Introduction: International Development and Global Politics Part 1: Development and the Sovereign Order 2. Global Context 3. Development Theory 4. Development Institutions 5. Development Practice Part 2: Development and the Liberal Order 6. Global Context 7. Development Theory 8. Development Institutions 9. Development Practice 10. Conclusion
Chapter 20 Papovaviridae

Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of Papovaviridae. Papovaviruses are non-enveloped isometric particles ranging in size from ≈45 nm (polyomaviruses) to 55 nm diameter (papillomaviruses). Papovaviruses replicate and assemble in the nuclei of infected cells and most species are potentially oncogenic. Papillomaviruses cause tumors in natural hosts, whereas polyomaviruses cause tumors in species different from the species of origin. Of all transforming viruses known, polyomaviruses contain the smallest amount of genetic information. Polyoma and SV40 are the most extensively characterized papovaviruses because of the absence of a reproducible cell culture system permissive for replication of the papillomaviruses. This chapter focuses on Polyoma virus, as it is the first animal virus whose capsid structure was solved at low-resolution by X-ray crystallography. Its structure is of particular interest because the arrangement of subunits in the polyoma capsid violates a fundamental prediction of the widely accepted dogma concerning the construction of icosahedral virus shells.
The Dynamics of Propagation Fronts on Sets with a Negative Fractal Dimension

In sets with a fractal dimension greater than 1, the average number of neighbors increases with distance. For that reason spherical pulses propagate outward in systems with nearest neighbor interactions. In sets with a negative fractal dimension, such as the set of individual coordinates of a population of a small city, the average number of neighbors decreases with distance in a precise way relating the number of neighbor to the fractal dimension of the set. We study the propagation of diffusive pulses and waves on such sets. We find that on sets with negative fractal dimension, the velocity of pulse peak is negative (i.e. the median radius of circular pulses decreases as a function of time). Eventually the pulse broadens and disappears. We discuss applications in physical systems, such as the spreading of heat and sound, as well as applications in social systems, such as the spread of infectious diseases and the spread of rumors.
Glucose disposal in low-birth-weight infants during steady-state hyperglycemia: effects of exogenous insulin administration.

The effects of exogenous insulin administration on glucose disposal during steady-state hyperglycemia were evaluated in eight well, low-birth-weight (LBW) infants (mean birth weight 1,090 gm; mean gestation 29 weeks) at age 5 to 14 days. The study was performed on two consecutive days. On the first day, at midpoint during a four-hour constant glucose infusion (14 mg/kg/min), a placebo was given. The following day, insulin (10 mU/kg/min) replaced the placebo. Serum insulin level increased significantly during steady-state hyperglycemia on both days. In contrast to placebo, the administration of exogenous insulin resulted in normoglycemia. It is speculated that the hyperglycemia during glucose infusion in well LBW infants is the result of persistent endogenous hepatic glucose production and/or decreased peripheral glucose utilization, both of which could be due to ineffective mediation of insulin on the liver or other insulin-sensitive peripheral tissues. The prompt reduction in serum glucose level which occurs as a result of the administration of exogenous insulin further suggests that in LBW infants a higher insulin level is necessary to achieve the appropriate control of glucose homeostasis. During this study, no osmotic diuresis was observed since the quantity of urinary glucose did not constitute an osmolar load.
Simulation study comparing interval estimates for the recombination fraction

Three interval estimation procedures were evaluated to determine the method which provides the most accurate estimates for the recombination fraction, 0. The lod-0.83 support interval, the jackknife confidence interval, and the confidence interval based on estimated asymptotic standard error were compared by calculating the coverage probabilities of each. Family data that were simulated under the model of a single fully penetrant, dominant disease locus at some distance, 0, from fully informative matings were used. Comparisons were based on 1,000 random samples of size 20,60, and 100 families. In addition, a methodology for obtaining prediction intervals for 0 was developed. This procedure is of practical use and does not require asymptotic assumptions based on large sample theory. The results provide an a priori idea about precision of the estimates, as well as empirical interval estimates of 0. Graphs of the authors' Monte Carlo intervals are presented for these simulations. Investigators studying different traits, however, could condition specifically on the family structure and distribution of the disease they are investigating and obtain similar graphs.
Lateral Stress Measurements in Ion-Implanted Metals and Insulators

The cantilever beam technique has been used for a brief survey of lateral stress in ion-implanted insulators and metals. The lateral stress results for fused silica bombarded with H and He ions compare favorably with other workers’ data obtained with photoelastic measurements. The lateral stress versus fluence curves for H, He, and O ion implants into Ag-phosphate dosimetry glass show structure which can be identified as arising from the superposition of lateral stress introduced by electronic energy deposition and lateral stress introduced by atomic collision energy deposition. These results are the first that use one physical property in the same material to measure the effects of both the energy into electronic processes and the energy into atomic collision processes.
Stability of supported liquid membranes containing longchain aliphatic amines as carriers

The stability of liquid membranes containing as carriers three different commercially available long-chain aliphatic amines, Primene JM-T (primary), Amberlite LA-2 (secondary) and trilaurylamine (TLA, tertiary) has been investigated in experiments where the feed solution was synthetic Hanford site groundwater, the strip solution was 1 M NaOH and n-dodecane was the diluent. By using flat-sheet supports the following order of stability was measured: tertiary > secondary > primary. This is the reverse order of the interfacial tension lowering at a water-n-dodecane interface. The water solubility of the amines also seems to play an important role in determining the membrane stability. Experiments performed with much thicker hollowfiber supports have shown that a larger inventory of organic phase absorbed in the membrane pores ensures a remarkably higher membrane stability. The secondary amine provides the best overall performance and is the carrier of choice for a SLM process for groundwater decontamination from anionic species. Possible alternative uses of the primary and tertiary amines for the same decontamination process are also discussed.
Secretion of zona pellucida glycoprotein mZP2 by growing oocytes from mZP3(+/+) and mZP3(-/-) mice.

The mouse egg extracellular coat, or zona pellucida (ZP), is composed of three glycoproteins, called mZP1–3, which are synthesized and secreted concomitantly by growing oocytes. Disruption of the mZP3 gene by targeted mutagenesis yields mice that are homozygous nulls (mZP3−/−). Growing oocytes from mZP3−/− mice do not synthesize mZP3 mRNA or protein and, as a result, do not assemble a ZP. Here, we examined secretion of mZP2 by growing oocytes and eggs from mZP3−/− mice, as well as incorporation of mZP2 into the ZP of oocytes from mZP3+/+ mice. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) of antibody-labeled samples showed that, indeed, mZP2 was synthesized and secreted by oocytes isolated from mZP3−/− mice and cultured in vitro. Nascent mZP2 was found in the culture medium, associated with the surface of the plasma membrane of growing oocytes, and in the oocyte cytoplasm. By contrast, mZP2 was barely detectable at any of these sites when ovulated eggs from mZP3−/− mice were examined. Examination of oocytes from wild-type (mZP3+/+) mice showed that, while a portion of nascent mZP2 was assembled into the ZP (approximately 40%), here too a significant fraction was secreted into the culture medium (approximately 60%). Similar results also were obtained when intact pre-antral follicles were isolated from mZP3+/+ mice and cultured in vitro. Several of these observations are consistent with previous results obtained with oocytes from heterozygous null mice (mZP3+/−). Furthermore, the results suggest that ZP assembly from nascent glycoproteins may be a stochastic process that requires the presence of both mZP2 and mZP3 and occurs completely outside the growing oocyte. Dev. Genet. 25:95–102, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Possible Mechanisms for the Loss of Goblet Cells in Mucin-deficient Disorders

By studying the pathological changes in human conjunctival flaps and the conjunctival transdifferentiation in rabbits, we have identified and correlated two pathological processes with the loss of goblet cells: (1) loss of vascularization, and (2) intense inflammation. Loss of vascularization may be correlated with the loss of goblet cells in the chronic cicatricial stage of various mucin-deficient disorders, whereas inflammation may be responsible for their absence in the acute inflammatory stage. The exact interrelationship between these two processes remains unknown. The loss of goblet cells appears to be an early sign of a spectrum of squamous metaplasia, an abnormality of epithelial differentiation. We therefore speculate that loss of vascularization and intense inflammation may have an important effect on epithelial differentiation.
Thermally self-excited mechanical oscillators

Abstract Several arrangements are described in which one part of an oscillatory system is a fine wire heated by an electric current. Periodic cooling occurs as the wire moves through the surrounding air, and as a result the length of the wire changes. Under proper conditions, the amplitude of oscillation will grow from an initial small value, even with damping present, and will ultimately reach a steady state. An analysis of the motion is presented, leading to criteria for operation.
Hippocampal synaptic enhancement and spatial learning in the morris swim task

The authors attempted to replicate the study of Castro, Silbert, McNaughton, and Barnes (1989) in which it was concluded that bilateral saturation of hippocampal synaptic enhancement produced a deficit in acquisition of a spatial navigation problem in the Morris swim task. The original protocol was followed as closely as possible, but no effect of long-term enhancement (LTE) saturation on spatial performance in this task was found. This negative result suggests either that the previous finding using the swim task reflected statistical error or that some as yet undetermined variable is of critical importance in this phenomenon. The present negative finding also raises a question concerning the reproducibility of the earlier results of McNaughton, Barnes, Rao, Baldwin, and Rasmussen (1986) in which LTE saturation apparently led to a prolonged deficit on a different spatial task. Although negative results in such experiments do not constitute grounds for rejecting the underlying hypothesis, the present lack of a positive effect renders uncertain, for the time being, one of the lines of experimental support for the theory that LTE at hippocampal synapses reflects a mechanism for the associative, distributed storage of new spatial information.
Optional Filters in Trauma Patients: Can Retrieval Rates Be Improved?

Prophylactic inferior vena cava interruption may be appropriate in trauma patients at risk for pulmonary embolism for whom anticoagulation is contraindicated. The Recovery filter is approved for removal up to 180 days from insertion. High retrieval rates need to be achieved before we can lower the threshold for inserting these filters prophylactically. The objective of this study was to evaluate the retrieval rate of the Recovery filter in this patient population and how it has influenced our practice. This is a retrospective study in which the records of 122 consecutive trauma patients in whom the Recovery filters were inserted between October 2003 and October 2005 were reviewed. Patients who had the new generation of this filter were excluded. All these filters were inserted with the intention of retrieval. We attempted to contact all these patients at 3 months. The technical factors associated with failure to retrieve these filters were reviewed. There were no complications related to filter insertion. Excluding six patients (4.9%) who expired from causes unrelated to the insertion procedure, 20 patients could not be reached (17.3%) and 21 patients declined retrieval (18.1%). The filters were considered permanent in 18 patients (15.5%) if they were not ambulatory or if they developed inferior vena cava occlusion. Inferior vena cava occlusion was diagnosed in four patients (5.5%). Seventy-three (62.9%) patients presented for follow-up and were evaluated by color venous duplex ultrasound. We attempted to retrieve the filters in 52 patients and were successful in 45 (86.5%). However, the total retrieval rate was 40.5%. All failures of retrieval were related to tilting of the filters or bending of the limbs. There were no complications related to the retrieval procedure. Insertion and retrieval of the Recovery inferior vena cava filter are safe. In spite of the thorough follow-up and the good success rate in retrieving the filters, the overall retrieval rate in this patient population is still low. This should be strongly considered at the time of insertion. Multiple factors were found to contribute. Attention to details in patient selection and follow-up as well as modifications in technique may improve the retrieval rate.
Asian/non-Asian transcultural tricyclic antidepressant psychopharmacology : a review

Abstract Pi, Edmond H.; Andrea L. Wang, and Gregory E. Gray: Asian / Non-Asian Transcultural Tricyclic Antidepressant Psychopharmacology: A Review. Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. & Biol. Psychiat. 1993, 17(5): 691–702. 1. 1. Transcultural psychopharmacology is a discipline that seeks to determine the relative importance of society, culture, environment, genetics, and biophysiology on the prescribing and metabolism of, and response to psychotherapeutic medications. 2. 2. Studies and surveys comparing psychotropic medication use in Asian and non-Asian populations suggest that differences may exist in drug dosage requirements, plasma drug concentrations corresponding to therapeutic and toxic effects, and the incidence and severity of adverse drug reactions. 3. 3. This paper reviews and critiques the published controlled studies on Asian / non-Asian transcultural tricyclic antidepressant psychopharmacology, provides guidelines for the use of psychotropic medications in Asian populations, and offers suggestions for future transcultural studies. 4. 4. Anecdotal reports suggest that differences exist between Asian and non-Asian populations in the pharmacokinetics of tricyclic antidepressants. Controlled studies have not consistently supported this view. 5. 5. Studies with larger sample sizes and more rigorous controls are needed to determine if such differences do, in fact, exist.
Water resource development

The expertise and financial advantage that allowed federal agencies to dominate water resource development in the 1950s and 1960s has diminshed enough to allow states, at least in the area of policy initiative and policy development, to augment their own water policy role and impact on water policy implementation. Some aspects of this shift from traditional resource development politics to a new systems view of environment and resource management may shape the state role in several ways: (1) agencies' linking of water quality and quantity; (2) more centralization of water policy development on the state level; (3) state regulatory or redistributive impacts on the private market for water rights; (4) rising confrontions between environmentalists and developmentalists; (5) states turning more to problem shedding or river basin approaches; and (6) shift from remedial to anticipatory action. Some problems will continue to require federal involvement for funding, regulating toxic materials, and resolving regional interests.