cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Documenting Reading Achievement and Growth for Students Taking Alternate Assessments

Students with disabilities have been included in state accountability systems for more than a decade; however, only in the past few years have alternate assessments of alternate achievement standards (AA-AAS) become stable enough to allow examination of these students’ achievement growth. Using data from Oregon’s AA-AAS in Reading during the period 2008–2009 to 2010–2011, we examined the achievement growth for a sample of 1,061 elementary students using two growth models: a transition matrix and a multilevel linear growth model. The authors found with the transition matrix model that a majority of students remained at the same performance level from one year to the next, whereas with the multilevel linear growth model, students’ scores revealed small, but statistically meaningful, growth year to year. The article concludes by noting advantages and disadvantages of these models to characterize growth and their implications for policy and practice.
Power morcellation—An emerging risk complicating minimally invasive surgery for uterine mesenchymal neoplasms

Abstract Study objective To determine the local incidence and clinical consequences of myoma, after intraperitoneal dissemination via morcellation. Materials and methods An electronic search for laparoscopic myomectomies in the computer database of the KK Women's and Children's Hospital (Singapore) and sarcomas or myomata with atypical features in the National Cancer Registry (Singapore) was performed for a 10-year study period. The identified patients had their medical records were traced and their data were extracted and studied in detail. Results The incidence of unexpected diagnosis (i.e., variants, atypia, and malignancy) was 0.23%, and the incidence of unexpected sarcoma was 0.10%. One of four patients who underwent a subsequent laparotomy had peritoneal dissemination. She unfortunately was also the only mortality in this study. Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery had proven benefits over open surgery, although the dissemination of unexpected malignancy and extrauterine seeding were major concerns. To date, morcellation in the endobag or cutting the specimen using a knife or scissors may be alternative surgical techniques.
Effect of contact angle on the orientation, stability, and assembly of dense floating cubes

In this paper, the effect of contact angle, density, and size on the orientation, stability, and assembly of floating cubes was investigated. All the cubes tested were more dense than water. Floatation occurred as a result of capillary stresses induced by deformation of the air-water interface. The advancing contact angle of the bare acrylic cubes was measured to be 85\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The contact angle of the cubes was increased by painting the cubes with a commercially available superhydrophobic paint to reach an advancing contact angle of 150\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. Depending on their size, density, and contact angle, the cubes were observed to float in one of three primary orientations: edge up, vertex up, and face up. An experimental apparatus was built such that the sum of the gravitational force, buoyancy force, and capillary forces could be measured using a force transducer as a function of cube position as it was lowered through the air-water interface. Measurements showed that the maximum capillary forces were always experienced for the face up orientation. However, when floatation was possible in the vertex up orientation, it was found to be the most stable cube orientation because it had the lowest center of gravity. A series of theoretical predictions were performed for the cubes floating in each of the three primary orientations to calculate the net force on the cube. The theoretical predictions were found to match the experimental measurements well. A cube stability diagram of cube orientation as a function of cube contact angle and size was prepared from the predictions of theory and found to match the experimental observations quite well. The assembly of cubes floating face up and vertex up were also studied for assemblies of two, three, and many cubes. Cubes floating face up were found to assemble face-to-face and form regular square lattice patterns with no free interface between cubes. Cubes floating vertex up were found to assemble in a variety of different arrangements including edge-to-edge, vertex-to-vertex, face-to-face, and vertex-to-face with the most probably assembly being edge-to-edge. Large numbers of vertex up cubes were found to pack with a distribution of orientations and alignments.
An Electronic Measuring System to Record Aphid Salivation and Ingestion

A detailed description of the system used to record salivation and ingestion activities of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), is presented. Recent modifications to the system also have been included. Selected electronic principles are discussed and are related to applicable parts of the system. Results of some voltage and resistance measurements are given, and these are used to calculate the current through, the voltage across, and the resistance of pea aphids when probing broadbean, Vicia faba L. Twelve resistance measurements were made on 3 leaves at 4 distances from the point where voltage was applied to the leaves. The voltage measurements were made during maximum conductance of current through the salivary canal of the aphids. Twenty-five aphids were used for the voltage measurements. Three broadbean leaves were used as the probed substrates. With 0.5 volts a-c applied to each leaf, the current through the aphid was found to be 3.72×10−6 amperes. The voltage across the aphid at this time was calculated to be 0.495 volts. The resistance of the aphid was 99 megohms during the time of maximum conductance.
Patient Populations Exposed to Rabies Monitoring Analysis and Countermeasures

Objective Monitoring of populations exposed to rabies,as well as comprehensive measures taken to prevent the status of the investigation,in order to explore the rabies-related risk factors,provide a basis for formulating appropriate control strategies.Methods Describe the epidemiological method in 2009 xinxingxian13 out-patient clinic vaccination registration data with the "the crowd monitoring of exposure to rabies clinic monthly report,Results In 2009 revealed 5986 cases of rabies in the county,wounding animals mainly dogs (4959 cases,accounting for 82.84%),0～15 age group the highest rate of rabies exposure,exposed parts of the lower extremities most exposure occurs mainly in the summer.Conclusion Dogs are a major source of infection of human rabies,Wounds exposed to correctly handle the crowd is Key,Vaccination is to protect the To strengthen the management of dogs,popularize knowledge of publicity is to control rabies incidence and prevalence of rabies countermeasures.
DNA bending determines Fos-Jun heterodimer orientation.

Heterodimeric transcription factors can bind to palindromic recognition elements in two opposite orientations with potentially distinct effects on transcriptional activity. We have determined the orientation of Fos–Jun binding at different AP-1 sites using a novel gel-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. The orientation preference of heterodimer binding varied over a greater than 10-fold range. Single base pair substitutions that alter bending of flanking sequences reversed the orientation of heterodimer binding. Single amino acid substitutions that reduce the difference in DNA bending between Fos and Jun also reduced the orientation preference. Consequently, indirect read-out mediated by differences in DNA structure can contribute to the structural organization of nucleoprotein complexes.
Treasures from a master of the cosmos

Comology has reached an exciting time where issues are now decided by actual experimental and observational data as opposed to the more traditional approach of attempting to use philosophical or theological argument. Thus, cosmology has now become a genuine part of physical science. The particular cosmological model that has emerged from this trial by experiment and observation is popularly known as the "big bang". Although the Hubble expansion of the Universe can be understood in a variety of cosmological models, the combination of the microwave background radiation and the light element abundances have forced us to conclude that the early Universe was indeed hot and dense.
Management of Major Vascular Injury: Open.

Abstract Major blood vessels are in proximity to other vital structures in the neck and base of skull. Infections and tumors of the head and neck can invade vascular structures. Vascular injuries can lead to massive hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, or stroke. Emergency and definitive management can be challenging.
Res Judicata: The Neglected Defense

In Williams v. Washington' the state had sued an automobile dealer for violation of its Consumer Protection Act. The dealer argued the statute was unconstitutional; the Washington Supreme Court held to the contrary. The dealer then sued in federal court,2 seeking declaratory and injunctive relief on the ground the statute was unconstitutional. Said the Ninth Circuit: Res judicata.3 In Grossgold v. Supreme Court4 the Illinois Supreme Court had suspended an attorney from the practice of law on the basis of his conviction of a crime and had rejected a petition for reconsideration on the basis of a presidential pardon. Thereafter, on the basis of the pardon, the attorney asked a federal court to declare his suspension void and to order him reinstated. Said the Seventh Circuit: Res judicata.5 Obvious? But this obvious argument has an uncanny way of eluding both litigants and courts. For example: (1) Sosna v. Iowa.I Mrs. Sosna sued for divorce in an Iowa state court, which threw her out on the basis of a statutory requirement that divorce plaintiffs reside in the state for one year. Instead of appealing, she sued the state in federal court for declaratory and injunctive relief, arguing that the residence requirement was unconstitutional. In the Supreme Court "both parties urged that we reach the merits," and the Court did: "In this posture of the case . . . we have no occasion to consider whether any consequences adverse to appellant resulted from her first obtaining an adjudication of her claim on the merits in the Iowa state court and only then commencing this action . . . .7
Toughness, Emotional Control, and Therapy

The image of memory storage suggested by modern neuroscience is far less dramatic than Freud’s vision of an unconscious that is roiling and boiling with disturbing memories of lust and abuse. However, perhaps there are some parallels between those models. Here I examine first the more sedate modern image of the unconscious, but I begin with Freud’s consciousness—what we call working memory.
Intertheoretic relations: Are imperialism and isolationism our only options?

… that was to this, Hyperion to a satyr. Shakespeare , Hamlet, Act 1 Scene 2 Introduction The issue of intertheoretic relations is concerned with how our various theoretical descriptions of the world are supposed to fit together. As the physicist Sir Michael Berry describes it, “Our scientific understanding of the world is a patchwork of vast scope; it covers the intricate chemistry of life, the sociology of animal communities, the gigantic wheeling galaxies, and the dances of elusive elementary particles. But it is a patchwork nevertheless, and the different areas do not fit well together” (Berry 2001, p. 41). This uncomfortable patchwork exists even if we restrict our attention to within the field of physics alone. Physics itself consists of many subtheories, such as quantum field theory, quantum mechanics, condensed-matter theory, thermodynamics, classical mechanics, and the special and general theories of relativity – just to name a few. Each of these theories is taken to be an accurate description of some domain of phenomena, and insofar as they are supposed to be describing one and the same world, it is important to ask how these very different – and in many cases prima facie mutually inconsistent – theories are supposed to fit together. Hitherto, the philosophical frameworks available for thinking about intertheory relations have been rather limited. Traditionally, discussions of intertheoretic relations have been framed in terms of reductionism.
Application of a Panel Method in Performance Prediction of Cavitating and Non-cavitating Tip Loaded Propellers

A panel method is applied to predict the performance of tip loaded propeller with and without cavitation modeling. For fully wetted cases, the geometry of the wake is shown to be critical to the computational accuracy. To align the wake surface, two methods are proposed and the full wake alignment scheme behaves better then PSF2 alignment. The boundary layer correction can also improve the pressure distribution especially near the trailing edge region. Finally, for cavitating cases, the results based on full wake alignment tend to create larger cavitation region and higher cavitation thickness compared to results based on PSF2 alignment.
Metamaterial based compressive spatial-spectral transformation microscope

We present a new super-resolution imaging approach by using hyperbolic metamaterial to compressively encode high-resolution spatial information to a spectrum. We show numerical results of resolving sub-15nm resolution by a practically achievable Ag/SiO 2 multilayer metamaterial.
Grand Rounds: A Method for Improving Student Learning and Client Care Continuity in a Student-Run Physical Therapy Pro Bono Clinic.

Background and Purpose. Grand Rounds is a teaching methodology that has existed in various forms in medical education for centuries. When a student-run pro bono clinic identified a growing challenge of providing continuity of care for clients and a lack of preparedness in students, they implemented a Grand Rounds model of case presentation within the curriculum. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation and assessment of Grand Rounds as it attempts to improve both the continuity of care for the clients and the learning experience for the students involved in a student-run pro bono clinic.Case Description and Evaluation. The Student Board divided the student physical therapists and the clients into three teams. Each team of students would meet every three weeks to discuss the clients on their caseload. More advanced students helped to mentor the more novice students and a faculty member would facilitate the discussions. Outcomes. After eight months of implementation, the Student Board gathered evaluative data from students, supervisors and client. The program evaluation was approved by the xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx. Analysis of the data collected revealed that the students grew more confident and effective in their ability to implement and advance the physical therapy program. Discussion and Conclusion. The program evaluation confirmed that the implementation of teams and Grand Rounds positively impacted students' confidence and ability to collaboratively treat and advance clients and their physical therapy program in the student-run pro bono clinic. The program evaluation was not effective in thoroughly assessing the impact that the model had on clients and their recovery. Further evaluation should be conducted with client outcomes measures. Recommendations for the modification and improvement of Grand Rounds emerged.
Development of suspect and non-target screening methods for detection of organic contaminants in highway runoff and fish tissue with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Untreated urban stormwater runoff contributes to poor water quality in receiving waters. The ability to identify toxicants and other bioactive molecules responsible for observed adverse effects in a complex mixture of contaminants is critical to effective protection of ecosystem and human health, yet this is a challenging analytical task. The objective of this study was to develop analytical methods using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) to detect organic contaminants in highway runoff and in runoff-exposed fish (adult coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch). Processing of paired water and tissue samples facilitated contaminant prioritization and aided investigation of chemical bioavailability and uptake processes. Simple, minimal processing effort solid phase extraction (SPE) and elution procedures were optimized for water samples, and selective pressurized liquid extraction (SPLE) procedures were optimized for fish tissues. Extraction methods were compared by detection of non-target features and target compounds (e.g., quantity and peak area), while minimizing matrix interferences. Suspect screening techniques utilized in-house and commercial databases to prioritize high-risk detections for subsequent MS/MS characterization and identification efforts. Presumptive annotations were also screened with an in-house linear regression (log Kowvs. retention time) to exclude isobaric compounds. Examples of confirmed identifications (via reference standard comparison) in highway runoff include ethoprophos, prometon, DEET, caffeine, cotinine, 4(or 5)-methyl-1H-methylbenzotriazole, and acetanilide. Acetanilide was also detected in runoff-exposed fish gill and liver samples. Further characterization of highway runoff and fish tissues (14 and 19 compounds, respectively with tentative identification by MS/MS data) suggests that many novel or poorly characterized organic contaminants exist in urban stormwater runoff and exposed biota.
Subglottic Stenosis in Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: The Role of Laryngotracheal Resection.

Background Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is associated with development of subglottic stenosis in about one-fourth of all patients. Although endoscopic management is the primary treatment method for tracheobronchial stenosis, some patients have refractory disease, and tracheostomy is required. It is unclear if laryngotracheal resection and reconstruction (LTRR) can be safely performed in patients with GPA. Methods A retrospective review was performed of 11 patients with GPA undergoing LTRR. Results Eleven female patients with GPA and a median age of 47 years underwent LTRR. Six patients were diagnosed with GPA after LTRR and had not received any induction immunosuppression regimen. Five patients had received induction immunosuppression regimen and were in clinical remission before LTRR. LTRR was performed with a protective tracheostomy in 3 patients, which was eventually removed in all. There were no major complications and no postoperative deaths. One patient (9%) failed surgical management and had replacement of a permanent tracheostomy 4 months after LTRR. Six patients (55%) required additional tracheal dilations after LTRR. Ten patients (91%) had durable control of symptoms and freedom from tracheostomy with a median follow-up of 9.7 years. Two patients (18%) experienced subsequent lower airway stenoses. Conclusions Surgical treatment of subglottic stenosis in highly selected patients with GPA is effective and associated with minimal morbidity. Although long-term outcomes are encouraging, additional procedures may be necessary, and patients are at risk of experiencing lower airway disease.
Reading the Guides, Directories, Manuals, and Anthologies of Liulichang

During the Qing dynasty, Liulichang became a prominent bookselling and publishing district in the imperial capital. Yet, most historical and scholarly writing on Liulichang has addressed only the antiquarian and rare book trade, and has neglected the prominence of commercial publishing of informational texts in Beijing. Commercial bookseller-printers formed a significant presence in Liulichang, and their research, publishing, and marketing practices were attuned to the changing dynamics of life in the capital. For clerks, merchants, and aspirant officials, Liulichang publishers offered books such as guidebooks, official directories, examination results, forensic handbooks, and administrative anthologies. Based on an examination of hundreds of books published in Liulichang and focusing on official directories ( jinshen lu ) and guidebooks, this paper demonstrates how publishers managed connections with the state, cultivated sources, recycled texts, and crafted printing practices. It argues that publishing practices in Liulichang became more standardized during the dynasty, both in reaction to the state’s loosening of controls on publishing and to the growth in the market for informational texts.
Inferring Web Page Relevance Using Pupillometry and Single Channel EEG

We continue investigating neuro-physiological correlates of information relevance decisions and report on research-in-progress, in which we study health-related information search tasks conducted on open web. Data was collected using an﻿ eye-tracker and a single-channel EEG device. Our findings show significant differences in pupil dilation on visits and revisits to relevant and irrelevant pages. Significant differences in EEG-measured power of alpha frequency band and in EEG-detected attention levels were also found in a few conditions. The results confirm feasibility of using pupil dilation and suggest plausibility of using low-cost EEG devices to infer relevance.
People of Color: HIV Prevention and Treatment Issues

The HIV epidemic in the United States has heavily impacted people of color, particularly Blacks/African-Americans and Latinos/Hispanics. This chapter focuses on the impact of HIV disease on these groups, with major emphasis on the ways in which culturally competent outreach, prevention, and treatment programs can be designed to reach them. The chapter cites examples of strategies and programs that have been effective in reaching African-Americans and Hispanics. The primary reasons for the lower socioeconomic status (SES) of older African-Americans are patterns of limited employment opportunities and periods of unemployment throughout their lives. They have been concentrated in low-paying, sporadic service jobs with few benefits and no coverage by Social Security prior to the 1950s. The African-American participants in the survey project were found to be severely socioeconomically disadvantaged. The chapter addresses the barriers to effective outreach among African-Americans and the challenges associated with providing HIV-related services for Hispanic populations.
Abstract 17049: Dual-specificity Phosphatase-4 (DUSP4) Over-expression Prevents H/R-induced Apoptosis via the Up-regulation of eNOS

MAPK signaling cascades regulate several cellular functions, including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The duration and extent of phosphorylation of these MAPKs are critical determin...
Diet, gut microbiota composition and feeding behavior.

Abstract Advances in sequencing technologies have allowed for a more complete analysis of the microbiota composition and identification of differences among individuals and/or physiologies. Changes in microbiota composition and associated inflammation have been linked to both metabolic and behavioral disorders, and abnormality in microbiota composition, or dysbiosis, may play a causal role in the etiology and maintenance of these pathologies. There is accumulating evidence showing that the gut microbiota can communicate to the central nervous system to alter host behavior. Supplementation with L. rhamnosus in mice notably causes a decrease in anxiety. Interestingly, these effects are abolished by vagotomy, identifying the vagus nerve as a potential communication route for microbiota-originating signals. Chronic high fat feeding notably leads to remodeling of the vagal afferent pathway and is associated with an increase in energy intake; these effects appear to be mediated by microbiota-induced inflammation. Therefore, preventing bacterial-driven inflammation, via dietary manipulation for example, may have potential therapeutic effects for both metabolic and behavioral disorders.
A Thin Film Amorphous Semiconductor Temperature Sensor

Thin film temperature sensors for use in the liquid helium temperature range have been fabricated from an amorphous semiconductor-metal alloy of germanium and copper. The amorphous material (0.5 – 1.0 µm thick) is sandwiched between two thin film metal electrodes. The active area of the sensor is between 0.1 – 1.0 mm square. The resistive amorphous material is protected from exposure to light and the atmosphere because it is sandwiched between the electrodes. The sensors can be fabricated on any smooth, non-conducting surface which can be placed in the vacuum chamber of an evaporation system and heated to about 80°C. Thin films of silicon oxide insulation have been used to allow fabrication of sensors on a sheet of stainless steel foil. Non-ohmic conduction begins for electric fields exceeding about 10,000 V/m. A transition between conduction mechanisms at low temperatures or high electric fields produces a region in which the resistance is almost inversely proportional to temperature when measured with a constant excitation current. The magnetoresistance, measured from 0–0.6 tesla at 4.36 K, is negative and obeys a power law of the form △R/R = a Bn where exponent n is 0.72. At 0.6 tesla, △R/R is −1.3%.
Map Projection Education in General Cartography Textbooks: A Content Analysis

As developments in the field of map projections occur (e.g., the deriving of a new map projection), it would be reasonable to expect that those developments that are important from a teaching standpoint would be included in cartography textbooks. However, researchers have not examined whether map projection material presented in cartography textbooks is keeping pace with developments in the field and whether that material is important for cartography students to learn. To provide such an assessment, I present the results of a content analysis of projection material discussed in 24 cartography textbooks published during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Results suggest that some material, such as projection properties, was discussed in all textbooks across the study period. Other material, such as methods used to illustrate distortion patterns, and the importance of datums, was either inconsistently presented or rarely mentioned. Comparing recent developments in projections to the results of the content analysis, I offer three recommendations that future cartography textbooks should follow when considering what projection material is important. First, textbooks should discuss the importance that defining a coordinate system has in the digital environment. Second, textbooks should summarize the results from experimental studies that provide insights into how map readers understand projections and how to choose appropriate map projections. Third, textbooks should review the impacts of technology on projections, such as the web Mercator projection, programming languages, and the challenges of projecting raster data.
A Review of Native Wild Bee Nutritional Health

Declines in wild and managed bee species richness and abundances have been observed throughout Europe and North America in recent decades. These declines have led to questions regarding pollination of wild and cultivated plants. In response to these concerns, efforts towards the conservation of pollinators have been initiated. Part of this conservation effort should be to provide the basic nutritional needs for bees. Nutrition plays one of the most important roles in bee growth, development, and reproduction. There is a large body of information regarding honey bee nutrition, whereas we lack nutritional information on native wild bees. Our knowledge of bumble bee nutritional needs has increased since the introduction of commercial rearing and sale of certain bumble bee species; however, there is still a lack of basic nutritional guidelines such as minimum dietary needs of proteins, amino acids, lipids, and sterols. The large difference in physiology and life history between honey bees and North American wild bees suggests that their nutritional requirements could be quite different.
Steve Fienberg and Student Research

I was nervous when giving my first presentation to our US Census research group as a young graduate student: Steve was in the room, and I was not sure if my record linkage research was any good. While I was presenting, Steve seemingly paid no attention to what I was saying. I would glance his direction when presenting each slide, and every time, he was typing something on his iPad and not watching my presentation at all. That's okay, I thought. He's probably really busy, and shouldn't be wasting his time on my talk. After the meeting, I got back to my desk and checked my inbox, only to find seven emails from Steve, each with a paper that I should read that related to different parts of my work. His feedback in these emails helped shape the directions of my future research. That was Steve. He always made time for sharing constructive feedback on student research, and he could multitask better than anyone I've ever met.
Holocaust memory on trial: Nazi propaganda film techniques in Roland Suso Richter's Nichts als die Wahrheit

Roland Suso Richter's 1999 courtroom thriller Nichts als die Wahrheit (After the Truth) alerts viewers to the power of film to manipulate its audience with implicit references to Wolfgang Liebenein...
Datasets acquired with correlative microscopy method for delineation of prior austenite grain boundaries and characterization of prior austenite grain size in a low-alloy high-performance steel.

Abstract Prior studies on martensitic steel microstructures have either delineated the prior austenite grain boundaries via chemical etching or reconstructed the prior austenite grains from crystallographic orientations measured with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). To appropriately validate the reconstruction algorithms, the EBSD data need to be collected on martensitic microstructures, where the prior austenite grain boundaries are delineated with techniques such as chemical etching that can serve as ground truth for comparison with the reconstructed prior austenite grains. In this article, the method of correlative microscopy is employed to collect scanning electron microscope (SEM) image and automated EBSD scan data from the same region of an appropriately etched steel specimen. The SEM images and automated EBSD scan data are presented for five different fields of view in the specimen. These datasets are analyzed and discussed in the accompanying article titled “Correlative microscopy for quantification of prior austenite grain size in AF9628 steel” [1].
Two-course integration with student collaboration: rapid prototyping and entrepreneurship

The increasing complexity of the business world, the overabundance of business graduates and the opportunity for entrepreneurship to reduce unemployment necessitates classroom experiences that extend beyond the traditional pedagogical cloisters of higher education. Entrepreneurship education often leads the way in advancing cross-disciplinary education through partnerships across collegiate lines. In the current study, we describe the efforts of a program at a large, public Southeastern University in the United States to create undergraduate coursework that combines competencies from engineering pedagogy with the skills-based training of entrepreneurship education. We offer details of the design of the coursework and discuss the pitfalls and successes of this program for other universities interested in developing their own cross-disciplinary courses. These types of action-based, interdisciplinary courses impact student entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions hereby increasing the likelihood of future entrepreneurial activities.
Debit Card Incentives and Consumer Behavior: Evidence Using Natural Experiment Methods

We estimate the effects of a debit card incentive program on consumer behavior using bank-recorded transaction micro data and a natural experiment design. Using geographic and eligibility features of a generous pilot program offered by a Midwestern regional bank, we estimate both difference in difference and regression discontinuity models, allowing us to identify changes in debit and cash usage resulting from the program. Our primary results show that the program increases the number of debit transactions per customer by between 18.8 and 20.4%. We also estimate that cash usage declines, although these estimates are not statistically significant.
Behavioral Changes Without Respiratory Symptoms as a Presenting Sign of COVID-19 Encephalitis.

The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) encephalitis are still being characterized. Few case reports describing COVID-19 encephalitis are available in the literature. We present a case of COVID-19 encephalitis who presented with behavioral disturbances without respiratory symptoms.
Governing technological zones, making national renewable energy futures

Abstract This article examines linkages between strategies and imagined futures by focusing on one, often neglected facet of governance: science and innovation policy. Using the case of renewable energy imaginaries in Scotland, the article explores how strategies are used to create technological zones and knowledge infrastructures. In creating strategies for low-carbon futures, Scottish nationalists draw on imaginaries of an energy-independent nation in order to enable specific futures. By incorporating these imaginaries into strategic planning documents, nationalists exploit a powerful narrative from which to manifest energy futures. Further, through creating technological zones and knowledge infrastructures, the Scottish Government can work to actualize these futures even though its political power is limited. While it can be tempting to view strategies as a series of steps that implement policies in order to progress toward a desired future, this case demonstrates the nuanced ways in which energy futures and imaginaries of nationhood can be made tractable through science and innovation strategy, illustrating the dynamics through which these sociotechnical strategies enable specific futures and communities. The speed and scale of Scotland’s energy transition also raises questions about what might be possible in terms of transitioning other sectors or collectives that are constrained in their political power.
Case of Angular Blepharitis Caused by Demodex folliculorum

Angular blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid skin at the lateral canthus, most commonly caused by Staphylococcus and Moraxella species. The Demodex mite is an external parasite that often infe...
Reply to Meerburg et al: Growing Areas in Brazil and the United States with Similar Exposure to Extreme Heat Have Similar Yields - Appendix

In a letter to the editor of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Meerburg et al. argue that the predicted yield decreases from climate change in the United States in our earlier study are too pessimistic. They raise two major concerns: First, the authors argue that farmers in Brazil have higher yields even though "exposure to temperatures above the threshold values is far greater than in the US." Second, the authors argue that yields in the United States have been trending upward and are predicted to do so in the future. We provide additional information of our reply in this appendix.
Audiology, Otology, and Airway

Appropriate treatment of children with palatal and facial clefts is multifactorial. It should include an evaluation of hearing with possible subsequent management of hearing loss. Children with a cleft palate are at increased risk of eustachian tube dysfunction, persistent middle ear effusion, and chronic hearing loss. Over many years after cleft palate repair, eustachian tube dysfunction improves but often not before speech and language development has been stunted. An otoscopic exam by an otolaryngologist combined with acoustic immittance testing can reliably and feasibly diagnose middle ear dysfunction in children and guide surgical interventions. Myringotomy with tympanostomy tube placement is the accepted treatment for eustachian tube dysfunction in children, as it has been demonstrated to relieve middle ear effusion and improve hearing loss. This chapter describes variations in anatomy of the eustachian tube and middle ear in patients with a cleft palate, details necessary aspects of audiologic testing for this population, and illustrates the procedure of myringotomy with tympanostomy tube placement. Additionally, children with cleft palate can also have syndromes which predispose them to having difficulty with their airway. It is imperative to understand these airway concerns and possible interventional strategies to prevent morbidity and mortality.
Prehistoric human response to climate change in the Bonneville basin, western north America: The Bonneville Estates Rockshelter radiocarbon chronology

Abstract The extent to which long-term climate change has influenced cultural evolution among hunter-gatherers has long been debated. In the Great Salt Lake desert (USA), a detailed record of paleoenvironmental change has been developed for the last 15,000 years, but a similarly complete chronicle of human occupation and adaptation is less secure. Here, we report and analyze one of the largest datasets (n = 247) of radiocarbon ages yet amassed from a single archaeological site in the Americas — Bonneville Estates Rockshelter, Nevada — to investigate human-environment interaction in this desert setting since 13,000 years ago. Results show a striking consistency in human-occupation intensity and oscillations between cool, mesic and warm, arid climate, specifically high occupation intensity during relatively cool times, and low intensity — even abandonment — during extended periods of drought. The ultimate outcome is a clear case of how long-term oscillations in climate can repeatedly motivate change in foraging societies in a marginal environmental setting.
Computational fluid dynamics assessment of the Helium-3 Enhanced Negative Reactivity Insertion (HENRI) system for the Transient REActor Test (TREAT) facility

Abstract The Transient REActor Test facility (TREAT) is an air-cooled, graphite moderated nuclear reactor that is used for irradiation testing of nuclear fuels and materials. The shutdown of the Halden reactor in Norway lead to an increased interest of an indigenous nuclear facility that can perform Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA) tests for Light Water Reactors (LWRs). Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has been leading the effort of making minor modifications to the TREAT facility to enhance its testing capabilities so it can mimic the neutronic boundary conditions representative of a RIA for a LWR. The power burst of the TREAT reactor needs to be shortened from 89 to 40 msec. to properly irradiate the fuel sample under RIA conditions. INL has proposed to use helium-3, a strong neutron absorber, as a form of negative reactivity to shorten the pulse of the reactor. In support of the development of a transient control rod for the TREAT, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is needed to confidently simulate the density evolution of helium-3 in this system.
Thinking Outside the Shots

Bovine respiratory disease complex is one of the most costly diseases in the beef industry. Prevention of this disease starts with procurement of cattle ready for the auction market. If preconditioned cattle are not economical or available, applying the correct management strategy to each subpopulation of animals is essential. Matching animal flow with the amount and experience of your labor pool is important. A proper vaccine program along with metaphylaxis is important for controlling morbidity in high risk calves. Quality pen riding, proper diagnosis, treatment and supportive care are all a function of a quality health program in the feedyard. Feedyard morbidity and mortality is mostly dependent on the type and number of cattle procured. Realizing what is normal will allow us to change the process without distorting the data.
Safety Of IV Thrombolysis For Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Thrombocytopenia (P4.263)

Objective: To assess safety of IV thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Thrombocytopenia Background: Intravenous tPA (IV tPA) has been mainstay for reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients for 2 decades. Many contraindications from initial NINDS trial were derived from experts’ consensus and not tested in trial. Many AIS patients presenting with thrombocytopenia ( Design/Methods: Restrospective chart review of patients presenting with AIS between 1/2006 to 7/2016 at our center. We analyzed patients with platelets Results: 21 patients were treated with IV tPA while 122 patients were treated with antiplatelets. Table 1 will list demographic variables of two groups with and without IV tPA. Patients included had moderate thrombocytopenia with very few Conclusions: While limited by small numbers and lack of randomization, our data suggest IV tPA is safe in patients with moderately reduced platelet counts. Disclosure: Dr. Kamal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Abdelhamid has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grotta has received personal compensation for activities with Frazer and Stryker. Dr. Grotta has received research support from Genentech and Medtronic. Dr. Zhu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Savitz has received research support from the NIH. Dr. Sarraj has nothing to disclose.
Enhanced detection of Listeria spp. in farmstead cheese processing environments through dual primary enrichment, PCR, and molecular subtyping.

The incidence and ecology of Listeria spp. in farmstead cheese processing environments were assessed through environmental sampling conducted in nine different plants over a 10-week period. Environmental samples (n = 705) were examined for the presence of Listeria spp. by using three detection/isolation protocols. The use of dual enrichment methods, which allowed for the recovery of injured Listeria spp. (mUSDA), identified more Listeria species–positive samples with higher sensitivity than the standard USDA method. The addition of PCR to the mUSDA method identified the most Listeria monocytogenes–positive samples, achieving greater sensitivity of detection while substantially reducing time. Overall, 7.5% of samples were positive for Listeria spp., yielding 710 isolates, 253 of which were subtyped by automated ribotyping to examine strain diversity within and between plants over time. The isolation of specific ribotypes did not appear to be affected by the enrichment protocol used. Fifteen (2.1%) samples ...
Drosophila melanogaster muscle LIM protein and alpha-actinin function together to stabilize muscle cytoarchitecture: a potential role for Mlp84B in actin-crosslinking.

Stabilization of tissue architecture during development and growth is essential to maintain structural integrity. Because of its contractile nature, muscle is especially susceptible to physiological stresses, and has multiple mechanisms to maintain structural integrity. The Drosophila melanogaster Muscle LIM Protein (MLP), Mlp84B, participates in muscle maintenance, yet its precise mechanism of action is still controversial. Through a candidate approach, we identified α-actinin as a protein that functions with Mlp84B to ensure muscle integrity. α-actinin RNAi animals die primarily as pupae, and Mlp84B RNAi animals are adult viable. RNAi knockdown of Mlp84B and α-actinin together produces synergistic early larval lethality and destabilization of Z-line structures. We recapitulated these phenotypes using combinations of traditional loss-of-function alleles and single-gene RNAi. We observe that Mlp84B induces the formation of actin loops in muscle cell nuclei in the absence of nuclear α-actinin, suggesting Mlp84B has intrinsic actin cross-linking activity, which may complement α-actinin cross-linking activity at sites of actin filament anchorage. These results reveal a molecular mechanism for MLP stabilization of muscle and implicate reduced actin crosslinking as the primary destabilizing defect in MLP-associated cardiomyopathies. Our data support a model in which α-actinin and Mlp84B have important and overlapping functions at sites of actin filament anchorage to preserve muscle structure and function. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Probing the interiors of neutron stars

This paper reviews the information on neutron stars that has been obtained from observations of pulsars and pulsing X-ray stars, with emphasis on results from timing studies. Included are summaries of the most recent theoretical work on neutron star structure and the current evidence concerning neutron star masses and radii. Also included are discussions of large frequency jumps and small-scale timing irregularities, the description of the latter phenomenon in terms of random noise processes, and the use of both as probes of the internal structure and dynamical properties of neutron stars. Finally, some of the most promising directions for future work are briefly noted.
Effects of a popular 2-week weight-loss program on body weight and waist circumference: a meta-analysis of intervention trials (640.7)

Relatively faster initial weight loss may improve long-term weight reduction and maintenance by enhancing participant motivation, thus adherence to a longer-term plan and overall healthier lifestyl...
The relationship among knowledge, opportunity, and ethical perceptions: A cross-national investigation

The focus of this paper was to study the effectof prior knowledge and situationalopportunities on ethically questionablebehaviors among students of differentnationalities. A study was conducted toinvestigate the role and impact of thepredictor variables (knowledge and opportunity)on ethical perceptions toward copyrightviolations. The study also examined thedirect and the moderating effects of age,nationality, ethnic identity, gender, andeducation major. The research was conducted ona sample of 160 students of an Americanuniversity located on the U.S.–Mexican border. The results indicate that the predictorvariables, knowledge and opportunity,significantly affect ethical perceptions. Demographic variables like age, nationality,gender, and education major had no directeffects ethical perceptions. Different ethnicidentities, however, exhibited significantdifferences in their ethical perceptions. Onexamining moderating effects of the demographicvariables, younger respondents weresignificantly different from older respondents. Differences between the ethnic identityconstruct and nationality are highlighted. Implications of prior student knowledge aboutethical standards and expectations arediscussed.