cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Interlingua-based translation for language learning systems

This paper concerns our recent research in developing high-quality spoken language translation for restricted domains. The intended application is a spoken-language translation aid for a student of a foreign language. A significant novelty of the work is in leveraging an existing English-to-Mandarin translation system in the weather domain both to provide a corpus of sentence pairs for training and to induce an initial version of the parsing grammar for translation in the reverse direction. Using an interlingual approach, we are able to reject strings that fail to parse, yielding high accuracy on any translations provided to the student. On a test set of 369 naturally spoken Mandarin queries, the translation was judged incorrect for fewer than 3% of the query transcripts. A statistical phrase-based translation system performed significantly worse, when trained on the same material
Analysis of the functional domains of the 1.3 S subunit of transcarboxylase.

Transcarboxylase is a complex, multi-subunit enzyme found in Propionibacterium shermanii which serves as a model for the family of biotin dependent carboxylases. The enzyme is composed of three subunits termed 12 S, 5 S and 1.3 S. The genes encoding these subunits are organized in an operon. They have been cloned and sequenced (Charles G. Thornton, Ph. D. dissertation August 1987). Computational analysis demonstrated a remarkable amount of sequence conservation among family members. This work describes E. coli expression systems for each of the genes found in this operon. The expressed recombinant proteins were studied to determine their multimeric structure and ability to catalyze the transcarboxylase partial and overall reactions. The recombinant forms of the 5 S and 12 S proteins were shown to be expressed and folded in apparently native dimeric and hexameric forms, respectively. Crude extracts of each expressed protein were shown to catalyze the appropriate transcarboxylase partial reaction.Additional studies focused on the 1.3 S biotinyl subunit and were directed toward understanding its structural and functional domains. The 1.3 S subunit was shown to be heat stable but sensitive to mutations which significantly shortened the subunit. Mutations were introduced into a pair of methionines at positions 88 and 90 which flank the biotinyl lysine in the 1.3 S sequence. The mutants were expressed, purified and assembled into enzyme complexes with the isolated 5 S and 12 S subunits for characterization. Mutation of the methionine residue at position 88 was shown to affect activity in all of the transcarboxylase reactions and the halflife of the carboxybiotinyl intermediate without altering the apparent activation energy of the carboxybiotin bond. The symmetric mutations of methionine 90 resulted in moderate changes in activity and carboxybiotin halflife but significantly altered the apparent activation energy of the carboxybiotin bond. We interpret these data to indicate that the methionine residue at position 90 interacts with the biotin or carboxybiotin and may have a catalytic function while the
Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar coma are increasingly recognized as being among the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus, and if misdiagnosed and either untreated or undertreated, they carry a high mortality. Both of these conditions are characterized by hypoinsulinemia. A major theme of this discussion is that, for the clinician, DKA and diabetic hyperosmolar coma represent a continuum. At one extreme, pure DKA without significant hyperosmolarity typically indicates the total absence of insulin. At the other extreme, hyperosmolar coma without DKA typically occurs with lesser degrees of insulin deficiency in the non-insulin-dependent diabetic. It is not widely recognized, however, that the patient who comes to the emergency room with DKA and in a coma is in almost all instances suffering from hyperosmolar coma.
Distress of routine activities and perceived safety associated with post-traumatic stress, depression, and alcohol use: 2002 Washington, DC, sniper attacks

OBJECTIVE: For over 3 weeks in October 2002, a series of sniper attacks in the Washington, DC, area left 10 people dead and 3 wounded. This study examined the relationship of distress associated with routine activities and perceived safety to psychological and behavioral responses. METHODS: Participants were 1238 residents of the Washington, DC, metropolitan area (aged 18 to 90 years, mean=41.7 years) who completed an Internet survey including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and items pertaining to distress related to routine activities, perceived safety, and alcohol use. Data were collected at one time point approximately 3 weeks after the first sniper shooting and before apprehension of the suspects. Relationships of distress and perceived safety to post-traumatic stress, depressive symptoms, and increased alcohol use were examined by using linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Approximately 8% of the participants met the symptom criteria for probable post-traumatic stress disorder, 22% reported mild to severe depression, and 4% reported increased alcohol use during the attacks. Distress related to routine activities and perceived safety were associated with increased post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms and alcohol use. CONCLUSION: Distress and perceived safety are associated with specific routine activities and both contribute to psychological and behavioral responses during a terrorist attack. These findings have implications for targeted information dissemination and risk communication by community leaders. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2015;0:1-7). Language: en
Thiocyanate-Capped PbS Nanocubes: Ambipolar Transport Enables Quantum Dot Based Circuits on a Flexible Substrate

We report the use of thiocyanate as a ligand for lead sulfide (PbS) nanocubes for high-performance, thin-film electronics. PbS nanocubes, self-assembled into thin films and capped with the thiocyanate, exhibit ambipolar characteristics in field-effect transistors. The nearly balanced, high mobilities for electrons and holes enable the fabrication of CMOS-like inverters with promising gains of ∼22 from a single semiconductor material. The mild chemical treatment and low-temperature processing conditions are compatible with plastic substrates, allowing the realization of flexible, nonsintered quantum dot circuits.
Guild Wars 2, the Frankfurt School and Dialectical Fairy Scenes A Critical Approach Towards Massively Multiplayer Online Video Games

In this study, I use a revised approach of the Frankfurt School in order to critically assess a recent massively multiplayer online video game, Guild Wars 2. Starting with a brief historical overvi...
Trends in City Conditions During the 1970s: A Survey of Demographic and Socioeconomic Changes

Changes in the demographic and socioeconomic conditions of 627 cities between 1970 and 1980 are examined using simple comparison of means and correlational analytic techniques. Cities are grouped according to their type (central city; suburb), regional location, and rate of population growth (decline). Major changes occurred in employment patterns, income levels, economic bases, racial composition, and social pathologies (crime rates)-all measures of urban stress. These conditions tended to cluster in certain types of cities: large, declining central cities of the Northeast and Midwest. But population decline and regional location were not found to be independent determinants of urban distress. National and regional economic trends, especially changes in the vitality of the metropolitan area in which a city is located, were the primary determinants.
Metal-dependent conformational activation explains highly promutagenic replication across O6-methylguanine by human DNA polymerase β.

Human DNA polymerase β (polβ) inserts, albeit slowly, T opposite the carcinogenic lesion O6-methylguanine (O6MeG) ∼30-fold more frequently than C. To gain insight into this promutagenic process, we solved four ternary structures of polβ with an incoming dCTP or dTTP analogue base-paired with O6MeG in the presence of active-site Mg2+ or Mn2+. The Mg2+-bound structures show that both the O6MeG·dCTP/dTTP–Mg2+ complexes adopt an open protein conformation, staggered base pair, and one active-site metal ion. The Mn2+-bound structures reveal that, whereas the O6Me·dCTP–Mn2+ complex assumes the similar altered conformation, the O6MeG·dTTP–Mn2+ complex adopts a catalytically competent state with a closed protein conformation and pseudo-Watson–Crick base pair. On the basis of these observations, we conclude that polβ slows nucleotide incorporation opposite O6MeG by inducing an altered conformation suboptimal for catalysis and promotes mutagenic replication by allowing Watson–Crick-mode for O6MeG·T but not for O6MeG...
Nanoparticle Assemblies in Thin Films of Supramolecular Nanocomposites

We demonstrated a versatile approach to obtain layered nanoparticle sheets with in-plane hexagonal order and 3-D ordered arrays of single nanoparticle chains in thin films upon blending nanoparticles with block copolymer (BCP)-based supramolecules. Basic understanding on the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the assembly process paved a path to manipulate these assemblies to meet demands in nanoparticle-based device fabrication and understand structure–property correlations.
Finding meaning in a celebritys death

Celebrity health events can have a positive effect on public health education and awareness, in part because people spread health information related to the celebrity on social network sites. This may be particularly true in the event of celebrity deaths or other tragedies, when social network sites provide a convenient, public space to connect with others to mourn. However, little is understood about the circumstances that encourage health information sharing following these events. Using a Mechanical Turk sample (N=281), this study employed a questionnaire to examine the role of parasocial attachment to Robin Williams and experienced grief following his suicide in explaining health information sharing on social network sites (i.e., sharing information about clinical depression, suicide prevention, substance abuse treatment, and Parkinsons disease). Grief mediated the effect of parasocial attachment on health information sharing, but a moderated mediation analysis revealed that grief motivated health education on social network sites only for individuals who were coping by trying to find positive meaning in his death. Grief for beloved celebrities can act as a catalyst for health education on social network sites.Grief over Robin Williams passing mediated the effect of parasocial attachment on sharing health information.Grief only motivated health information sharing among individuals engaged in positive meaning making coping.
Alaska’s Skyboys: Cowboy Pilots and the Myth of the Last Frontier. By Katherine Johnson Ringsmuth.

Alaska’s Skyboys: Cowboy Pilots and the Myth of the Last Frontier . By Katherine Johnson Ringsmuth. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2015. xiii + 267 pp. Illustrations, maps, notes, bibliography, index. $34.95.) As the title implies, Katherine Johnson Ringsmuth’s Alaska’s Skyboys grapples with entrenched stereotypes that equate bush pilots with cowboys and other heroes of frontier mythology. Focusing on the history of aviation in eastern Alaska—primarily the Copper River Basin/Wrangell Mountains—she challenges the notion that the history of bush pilots follows the well-worn grooves of Frederick Jackson Turner’s frontier. Instead, she argues that bush pilots were at the leading edge of modern aviation and essential to the incorporation of Alaska into global pathways. Ringsmuth provides a detailed history of flying in eastern Alaska. … dldistefano{at}alaska.edu
Thermal and Starvation Stress Response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolates Selected from Agricultural Environments.

ABSTRACT Pathogens exposed to agricultural production environments are subject to multiple stresses that may alter their survival under subsequent stress conditions. The objective of this study was to examine heat and starvation stress response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains isolated from agricultural matrices. Seven E. coli O157:H7 isolates from different agricultural matrices—soil, compost, irrigation water, and sheep manure—were selected, and two ATCC strains were used as controls. The E. coli O157:H7 isolates were exposed to heat stress (56°C in 0.1% peptone water for up to 1 h) and starvation (in phosphate-buffered saline at 37°C for 15 days), and their survival was examined. GInaFiT freeware tool was used to perform regression analyses of the surviving populations. The Weibull model was identified as the most appropriate model for response of the isolates to heat stress, whereas the biphasic survival curves during starvation were fitted using the double Weibull model, indicating the adaptation ...
Conducting polymers: novel materials for novel devices

Summary form only given, as follows. The "current status" of conducting polymers is reviewed with focus on recent progress which demonstrates that the initial promise of the late 1970's has become reality in 1992. Conducting polymers are now available as materials with truly unique properties: the important electronic and optical properties of semiconductors and metals in combination with the attractive mechanical properties and the processing advantages of polymers. The field has progressed to a level of maturity consistent with a new set of opportunities-opportunities to develop a wide range of applications based upon conducting polymers as materials for industrial products. Examples include conducting polymers which are processible in the conducting form for use in electrostatic charge dissipation, in EMI shielding, as transparent conducting films for transparent electrodes, etc. The advantages of the combination of attractive electronic and mechanical properties are demonstrated by the flexible light emitting diodes fabricated from conducting polymers. In parallel with the progress in conducting polymers as materials for a wide range of applications, there has been equally important progress toward a deeper understanding of the basic physics of the pi -electrons in such materials. These two focal points come together in the area of transport studies of high quality polyaniline processed from solution with the help of surfactant counterions. >
Repair of complex pharyngocutaneous fistula using a staged temporoparietal fascial flap.

Abstract Introduction PCF is the most common major complication after salvage total laryngectomy (TL), especially for previously irradiated patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer. Methods/results A 65-year-old woman presented with recurrent bilateral supraglottic SCC requiring salvage TL 5.5 years after initial T1N0M0 epiglottic SCC resection. Her post-operative course was complicated by PCF development one month post-operatively and surgical fistula closure was delayed for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The fistula persisted despite local wound therapy, several primary closures, pectoralis flap reconstruction with multiple revisions, and extensive hyperbaric oxygen treatments. Given her prior history, she underwent a staged right temporoparietal fascial flap reconstruction for persistent complex fistula, with second-stage flap takedown and complete inset of the TPFF skin island into the PCF. Conclusion This case demonstrates the utility of staged TPFF in complex PCF repair, with minimal morbidity, especially in a patient with prior irradiation and flap use that complicates tissue availability.
Electrifying Engagement in Middle School Science Class: Improving Student Interest through E-Textiles.

Most interventions with “maker” technologies take place outside of school or out of core area classrooms. However, intervening in schools holds potential for reaching much larger numbers of students and the opportunity to shift instructional dynamics in classrooms. This paper shares one such intervention where electronic textiles (sewable circuits) were introduced into eighth grade science classes with the intent of exploring possible gains in student learning and motivation, particularly for underrepresented minorities. Using a quasi-experimental design, four classes engaged in a traditional circuitry unit while the other four classes undertook a new e-textile unit. Overall, students in both groups demonstrated significant learning gains on standard test items without significant differences between conditions. Significant differences appeared between groups’ attitudes toward science after the units in ways that show increasing interest in science by students in the e-textile unit. In particular, they reported positive identity shifts pertaining to their perceptions of the beliefs of their friends, family, and teacher. Findings and prior research suggest that student-created e-textile designs provide opportunities for connections outside of the classroom with friends and family and may shift students’ perceptions of their teacher’s beliefs about them more positively.
Depression one year after hemorrhagic stroke is associated with late worsening of outcomes.

Background Poststroke depression is the most common psychiatric sequelae of stroke, and it's independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Few studies have examined depression after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Objective To investigate the relationship between depression, ICH and outcomes. Methods A substudy of the prospective Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (DASH) study, we included 89 subjects assessed for depression 1 year after hemorrhage. A Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score >10 defined depression. Univariate, multivariable, and trend analyses evaluated relationships between depression, clinical, radiographic, and inflammatory factors and modified Rankin score (mRS) at 90 days and one year. Results Prevalence of depression at one year was 15%. Depression was not associated with hematoma volumes, presence of IVH or admission NIHSS, nor with demographic factors. Despite this, depressed patients had worse 1-year outcomes (p = 0.004) and were less likely to improve between 3 and 12 months, and more likely to worsen (p = 0.042). Conclusion This is the first study to investigate depression one year after ICH. Post-ICH depression was common and associated with late worsening of disability unrelated to initial hemorrhage severity. Further research is needed to understand whether depression is caused by worsened disability, or whether the converse is true.
The use of primary radiation for ocular adnexal MALTomas.

e18502 Background: Ocular adnexal mucosal associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas (MALTomas) are rare with no phase III trials to guide treatment. Typical management has been primary radiation therapy...
The development of writing skills in 4-year-old children with and without specific language impairment

Research shows that many preschool children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulty acquiring literacy skills including phonological awareness, print concepts, and alphabet knowledge. Limited research suggests that preschool children with SLI also have difficulty with emergent writing tasks such as name writing and word writing. In typically developing children, research indicates that emergent writing skills are acquired in a developmental sequence: (1) linearity, (2) segmentation, (3) simple characters, (4) left-right orientation, (5) complex characters, (6) random letters, and (7) invented spelling. This study compared the emergent writing skills of 4-year-old children with SLI (n = 22) to their age- and gender-matched peers (n = 22). Results indicated that children with SLI demonstrate difficulty with a variety of writing tasks, including letter writing, name writing, word writing, and sentence writing when compared to their typically-developing peers. Children with SLI followed the same developmental sequence in acquiring writing skills as their typically-developing peers.
Correction of hyperopia by intracorneal lenses: Two-year follow-up

Purpose To assess the safety and efficacy of intracorneal lenses as a surgical alternative for the correction of hyperopia. Setting Al-Azhar University and El Magrabi Eye Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Methods Twenty-three eyes of 21 patients who had a mean hyperopia of 4.3 diopters (D) ± 0.71 (SD) (range +2.5 to +6.0 D) received Permavision lenses (Anamed Inc.), which are made of a highly permeable hydrogel with a water content of 78% and a refractive index close to that of corneal tissue (1.376). The Moria M2 microkeratome was used to make a 160 μm corneal flap with a diameter of ±8.5 mm. The intracorneal lens was placed beneath the flap after minimal interface irrigation. Results Clinical examination showed mild corneal edema and a myopic shift during the first week postoperatively. In 17 eyes (73.9%), the postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was similar to the preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA); 1 eye (4.3%) lost 1 line of preoperative BCVA. In 5 eyes (21.7%), various degrees of lens opacification with some degree of corneal haze were seen after uneventful follow-up. Decentration of 0.5 to 1.0 mm was seen in 2 eyes (8.6%), 1 of which had the lens explanted because of significant opacification. Induced astigmatism was evident in 1 eye (−1.5 D). A total of 16 eyes (69.6%) were within ±0.5 D of target, and 20 eyes (86.9%) were within ±1.0 D (87%). No flap melting or extrusion of the lens was recorded in 24 months of follow-up. Night halos and glare were reported in 3 eyes; all had a lens diameter of 5.0 mm. Conclusions Intracorneal hydrogel lenses were tolerated relatively well by stromal tissue, providing a reasonably stable and predictable way to correct moderate hyperopia. However, induced astigmatism, stromal opacification, decentration, and night halos and glare occurred in a significant number of eyes. To ensure safety, deep flap cuts are preferred and these eyes should be watched carefully to avoid decentration of the lens in the early postoperative period.
Replicon Particle Expressing the E2 Glycoprotein of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Immunization and Evaluation of Antibody Response.

Abstract The objective of this study was to develop a new antigen delivery system using an alphavirus replicon particle (RP) to induce humoral antibody responses against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) recombinant antigen produced from envelope glycoprotein E2. An alphavirus RP expressing the E2 glycoprotein of BVDV was used for immunization of pigs. A fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) has been applied to detect BVDV E2 antigen-specific antibody isotype in pig immunized with alphavirus RP. Full-length BVDV E2 (aa 1–375) was cleaved into several pieces, eight E2 DNA fragments, including full-length DNA, were cloned into expression vector pHUE, and the recombinant proteins expressed in BL-21 (DE3) Escherichia coli. After successful conjugation of purified proteins with microsphere beads, a multiplex FMIA platform was constructed, and BVDV E2 alphavirus-based RP-immunized animal serum samples were tested in the presence of bead-bound antigen targets. The results were represented as mean fluoresce...
Race Disparities in Pubertal Timing: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among African American Women

Compared to white girls, sexual maturation is accelerated in African American girls as measured by indicators of pubertal development, including age at first menses. Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests that the timing of pubertal development may have strong implications for cardio-metabolic health in adolescence and adulthood. In fact, younger menarcheal age has been related prospectively to poorer cardiovascular risk factor profiles, a worsening of these profiles over time, and an increase in risk for cardiovascular events, including non-fatal incident cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular-specific and all-cause mortality. Yet, because this literature has been limited almost exclusively to white girls/women, whether this same association is present among African American girls/women has not been clarified. In the current narrative review, the well-established vulnerability of African American girls to experience earlier pubertal onset is discussed as are findings from literatures examining the health outcomes of earlier pubertal timing and its antecedents, including early life adversity exposures often experienced disproportionately in African American girls. Gaps in these literatures are highlighted especially with respect to the paucity of research among minority girls/women, and a conceptual framework is posited suggesting disparities in pubertal timing between African American and white girls may partially contribute to well-established disparities in adulthood risk for cardio-metabolic disease between African American and white women. Future research in these areas may point to novel areas for intervention in preventing or lessening the heightened cardio-metabolic risk among African American women, an important public health objective.
Fresnel Coefficients for Electromagnetic Propagation across a Non-Chiral and Chiral Dispersive Interface with Negative Index

Electromagnetic (EM) propagation across a linear, non-chiral and chiral, possibly dispersive interface is studied in order to evaluate the corresponding Fresnel coefficients and thereby examine the propagation characteristics. The problem is extended to the case of first-order dispersion in the permittivity, permeability and chirality parameters of the second medium in terms of the sideband or message frequency, and in particular to sideband ranges where the second medium exhibits negative index behavior.
Measurement and correlation of the PCB high speed links

On a PCB, the high-speed link layout design with high component density has to satisfy strict mechanical and electrical specifications. Not only does the design and manufacturing process become difficult, but also the correlation between measurements and simulations is extremely challenging. In this paper, we focus on the above-mentioned challenge encountered in the measurement correlation process which has seldom been addressed in existing literatures for high speed links, especially for those with over 30Gbps signals. We discuss in detail several critical factors that will affect the effectiveness of the simulation and measurement correlation process. All discussions are demonstrated for a 32Gbps system. This work provides a practical reference to general high-speed link development.
Demographics and disposition of patients in an academic outpatient palliative care practice.

166Background: Outpatient PC clinics strive to improve value by improving quality of care for patients while reducing cost. Justifying investment in outpatient PC necessitates characterizing the de...
Ponatinib and Cardiovascular Complications

Abstract Patients with T315I positive CML are resistant to most tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Ponatinib (Iclusig) is approved for CML patients with the T315I ABL kinase polymorphism. However, ponatinib treatment is associated with vascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery stenosis, limb ischemia and occlusion, and venous thrombosis) in~29% of patients. The mechanism(s) for these events has not been characterized. We developed a murine model to examine TKIs influence on arterial thrombosis risk. C57BL/6 mice, 18-22 weeks of age and treated with ponatinib by gavage for 14 days at 15 mg/kg PO BID, had significantly shorter carotid artery occlusion times induced by photochemical activation of Rose-Bengal compared to vehicle-treated mice (10.4 ± 2.9 min versus 32.3 ± 4.8 min, p We next examined the mechanism(s) of ponatinib-induced thrombosis. Ponatinib at 3 mg/kg PO BID daily inhibited p-LynY396 in murine platelets. Lyn is a negative regulator of platelet GPVI. Collagen-related peptide (CRP)-induced expression on murine platelets of the activated heterodimeric complex of α2bβ3 integrins (the JON/A epitope) and the alpha granule constituent P-selectin (CD62) when examined by flow cytometry ex vivo were significantly higher at 3 μg/ml in ponatinib-treated versus untreated mice (p We then sought agents to blunt the prothrombotic changes with ponatinib treatment. Since PPAR-γ agonism elevates Sirt1, and vessel wall Sirt1 is reduced in treated mice, we determined if pioglitazone treatment, a PPAR-γ agonist thiazolidinedione, corrects thrombosis risk after ponatinib in vivo. When ponatinib-treated mice were given oral pioglitazone (10 mg/kg/day po), their short times to thrombosis significantly lengthened (49±6.9 min, p Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
A Naval Air Rework Facility Scheduling Problem

In the following paper we describe an independent job shop production sub-system within the Jacksonville Naval Air Rework Facility, Jacksonville, Florida. The various job flows within the shop are identified. The mechanisms controlling job flows are quantified. The controllable costs of operating the shop are identified and the scope of control open to management is discussed. Finding a method of control for the system is left as a challenge for the reader.
Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Erectile Dysfunction by Urologists Versus Non-Urologists in the United States: An Analysis of the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.

Objectives To evaluate the extent to which erectile dysfunction (ED) is managed by urologists versus non-urologists. We sought to characterize the epidemiology, diagnosis, and outpatient treatment of ED using a nationally representative cohort. Methods We examined all male patient visits between 2006 and 2016 in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a survey designed to provide a nationally representative estimate of ambulatory visits in the United States. Distribution of ED diagnoses among physician specialties was determined. Demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of men with ED seeing urologists versus non-urologists were compared using chi-squared tests. Results Among the 170,499 patient visits analyzed, 1.2% were associated with a diagnosis of ED, which translated into 3,409,244 weighted visits annually. Visits for ED were predominantly seen by urologists (58.0%) and family practitioners (26.2%). Men visiting non-urologists for ED were more likely to be younger than 65 (77.4% vs 52.9%, P Conclusion Almost half of all ED visits were seen by non-urologist providers, who were much less likely than urologists to order advanced pharmacologic therapies. This difference in prescribing patterns presents an opportunity for interdisciplinary collaboration and education to ensure that all patients seeking treatment for ED are receiving guideline-based care.
Collegiate Club Swimming: An Examination of Leisure Motivations

The purpose of this study was to determine leisure motivations for college club swimmers in the United States, and to examine differences in motivation by swimmers' gender, university affiliation, ...
Mining generalized association rules and sequential patterns using SQL queries

Database integration of mining is becoming increasingly important with the installation of larger and larger data warehouses built around relational database technology. Most of the commercially available mining systems integrate loosely (typically, through an ODBC or SQL cursor interface) with data stored in DBMSs. In cases where the mining algorithm makes multiple passes over the data, it is also possible to cache the data in flat files rather than retrieve multiple times from the DBMS, to achieve better performance. Recent studies have found that for association rule mining, with carefully tuned SQL formulations it is possible to achieve performance comparable to systems that cache the data in files outside the DBMS. The SOL implementation has potential for offering other qualitative advantages like automatic parallelization, development ease, portability and inter-operability with relational operators. In this paper, we present several alternatives for formulating as SQL queries association rule generalized to handle items with hierarchies on them and sequential pattern mining. This work illustrates that it is possible to express computations that are significantly more complicated than simple boolean associations, in SQL using essentially the same framework.
Synthetic Dioxygen Carriers for Dioxygen Transport

Synthetic Dioxygen Carriers, a Key Area for the 1990s The promising application areas for synthetic dioxygen carriers range from internal medicine and small devices to the commodity gas market and basic fuel production and there seems little doubt this area will impact the lives of most people in the developed nations during the coming decades. Government and societal leaders, both Nationally and internationally,1,2,3continue to look to synthetics as possible eventual sources of dioxygen transport materials for temporary whole blood substitutes, envisioning such scenarios as those associated with major disasters and military engagements. Existing research has been focused on portable devices4 to provide dioxygen enriched atmospheres for those suffering such maladies as emphysema and for the very different area of underwater dioxygen supply.5,6 Dioxygen electrode systems for batteries are attractive targets on the full range of scales from tiny hearing aid cells through electric automobiles to fuel cells for the storage of off-peak energy by electric utility companies. For many large scale uses, for example foundry operation, a moderate enrichment of the dioxygen level is adequate and this is an especially attractive target area for separation techniques based on the use of transition metal dioxygen carriers.7,8 The cleansing of contaminated atmospheres is a less than obvious but related area for application. Using the same basic science and technology, control of very low levels of O2is possible with such materials since the variability of O2affinities of carriers spans many orders of magnitude (at least 6 andpossibly 10 or 12). Commodity level applications are most dramaticallyshown by the potential demands of the synfuel industry as revealed by industrial response to the synfuel goals set by the Cartera administration.9,10,11 It was concluded by American dioxygen-supplyingindustry that the existing cryogenic technology couldnotbe expanded fast enough to meet the needs of the then projected synfuel industry and that at least one new major technology would have to be exploited. The first attempts to exploit transition metal dioxygen carriers were military.12,13
Performance analysis of controlled uncertain systems

Robust control which is designed via the Lyapunov approach has been shown to be effective for nonlinear uncertain systems. The performance of the controlled systems is studied by the Lyapunov argument. We propose to use the comparison principle which is based on the differential inequality to further explore the performance of controlled uncertain systems.
Renegotiating the World by Compass and Card

Part III, “Plus Ultra! Further Yet!”, traces the attempt by humanists, including poets, natural philosophers, and cartographers, to hold on to the classical past even as they were more “objectively” extending the boundaries of the globe, thanks to compass navigation and the discovery of new worlds. This chapter specifically explores the different facets of compass culture upon which authors drew, additionally homing in on the compass’ offshoot, cartography. Regarding the latter, Nayar exposes the (often fraught, but also festive) emergence of a mapped world that had been defined largely by the ancients, now in tension with newly discovered territories, as well as with cartographical voids and terra incognita.
Fast modeling of gamma-gamma density measurementsvia gamma-ray point-kernel approximations

ABSTRACTForward-modeling algorithms based on flux sensitivity functions are commonly recognized as fast, reliable, and the most efficient way to implement inversion-based interpretation algorithms ...
The Impact of a Localized Antidrug Media Campaign on Targeted Variables Associated with Adolescent Drug Use

The authors report a study designed to determine whether antidrug campaigns that have been localized can affect variables associated with adolescent drug use. An experiment was conducted with sets ...
Abstract WP386: tPA Treatment for Patients Found to Have Stroke Mimic is Similar Among Neurovascular Fellows and Attendings

Introduction: Neurovascular fellows (NVFs) may need formalized telemedicine (TM) training to prepare for increasing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) coverage needs. TM assessment of stroke mimics (SM) c...
Evaluation of Six Herbicides for Potential Use in Tree Seed Beds

Abstract Five herbicides, Pennant, Surflan, Devrinol, Ornamental Herbicide 2, and Ronstar, were applied over newly seeded deciduous trees immediately after seeding and Poast was applied when seedlings were actively growing. The trees were river birch, pin oak, willow oak, redbud, flowering dogwood, sugar maple, and sweet gum. No seedlings were damaged by Pennant (4.5 kg/ha) or Poast. Ornamental Herbicide 2 and Ronstar severely damaged river birch, flowering dogwood, and sugar maple. Surflan damaged sugar maple. Devrinol damaged flowering dogwood. Data herein suggest that each species must be evaluated separately for herbicide tolerance.
Preliminary Evidence That Real World Sleep Timing and Duration are Associated With Laboratory-Assessed Alcohol Response.

Background Sleep timing and evening chronotype have been implicated in alcohol use problems but research has yet to study them in relation to theory-driven laboratory-based measures of alcohol use disorder risk. The current study examined (i) whether chronotype, sleep timing, and/or sleep duration are associated with alcohol response (subjective stimulation, sedation, and behavioral disinhibition) and (ii) if sex and race moderate these associations. Methods Adult drinkers (N = 144; 46 female participants) completed 2 counterbalanced beverage administration sessions (alcohol and nonalcohol) during which they rated stimulation/sedation and completed a cued go/no-go task. They reported bed and waketimes over 10 days. Results Later sleep timing was associated with greater increases in alcohol stimulation, but among male and White participants only. Later sleep timing (among male participants) and greater eveningness (examined among White male participants only) were associated with greater overall stimulation on average in the alcohol session relative to the nonalcohol session, irrespective of alcohol consumption. More variable sleep duration was associated with greater increases in sedation. Conclusions These findings offer preliminary, but novel evidence that sleep characteristics may relate to the relative stimulating and sedating effects of alcohol, thereby influencing the risk for alcohol problems.
Carbon monoxide inhibits the anticoagulant activity of Mojave rattlesnake venoms type A and B.

The Mojave rattlesnake is a unique species of pit viper that expresses either a highly potent phospholipase A2 (PLA2)-dependent neurotoxin containing venom nearly devoid of fibrinogenolytic metalloproteinases (venom type A) or a hemotoxic venom with a high percentage of metalloproteinases and PLA2 without any neurotoxin present (venom type B) depending on its geographical location in the Southwestern United States and Mexico. Given that PLA2 have been demonstrated to affect coagulation, it was hypothesized that the anticoagulant effects of both type A and B venoms could be assessed by thrombelastography, and determination made if these venoms were heme modulated. Both venom types were exposed to carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 or its inactivated molecule (0 or 100 µM) in isolation and then placed in human plasma with consequent coagulation kinetics assessed by thrombelastography. It was determined that type A venom was twice as potent as an anticoagulant compared to type B venom, and that both venoms were inhibited by carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 but not its inactivated molecule. Given the lack of proteolytic activity of type A venom and the dependence of neurotoxicity on PLA2 activity, it may be possible that carbon monoxide could inhibit neurotoxicity based on inhibition of PLA2 anticoagulant activity. These data may serve as the rationale for extension of these observations into animal models to determine if CO may inhibit not just hemotoxic venom, but also PLA2-dependent neurotoxic venom.
Clinical features of campylobacter-associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis compared with rotavirus convulsions

Abstract Purpose The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical features of campylobacter-associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (BCWG) with rotavirus-associated BCWG in China. Methods The medical records of BCWG patients admitted to Children's Hospital of Jiangxi Province in China between January 2015 and January 2017 were reviewed in this retrospective study. Results Ultimately, 318 patients were diagnosed with BCWG. Two hundred and two cases were tested for Campylobacter jejuni antigen, and seven (3.47%) were positive. A total of 248 cases were tested for rotavirus antigen, and 44 (17.74%) were positive. Campylobacter-associated BCWG occurred in summer and autumn. In contrast, rotavirus-associated BCWG mainly occurred in winter. In the campylobacter-associated BCWG group, five patients (71.43%) had two or more seizures. In one patient(14.29%), the seizure occurred on the first day of gastroenteritis; three patients (42.86%) had seizures on the second day, and three (42.86%) had seizures on the third day or later. Thirteen seizures were observed in the campylobacter-associated BCWG group; of these, 11 (84.62%) lasted less than 5 min, and 11 (84.62%) were generalized seizures. Phenobarbital (5 mg/kg/time) was effective in all 6 cases (100%) in which it was used. Other than the different seasonal distributions, the clinical features of campylobacter-associated BCWG and rotavirus-associated BCWG may be similar. Conclusions Campylobacter is one of the pathogens responsible for BCWG, especially in summer and autumn. Other than the different seasonal distributions, the clinical features of campylobacter-associated BCWG and rotavirus-associated BCWG may be similar.
The Use of Organic Acceptors as Ligands for Paramagnetic Metal Centers: a New Spin on Charge-Transfer Solids

Abstract Low temperature solution routes are being used to prepare solids with organic acceptors directly coordinated to paramagnetic transition metals. This research is currently focused on the elaboration of “hybrid” solids that contain TCNQ radicals. Magnetic and conductivity data regarding the nature of Cu(TCNQ) and several M(TCNQ)2 compounds will be summarized and discussed.
Read Between the Lines: An Empirical Measurement of Sensitive Applications of Voice Personal Assistant Systems

Voice Personal Assistant (VPA) systems such as Amazon Alexa and Google Home have been used by tens of millions of households. Recent work demonstrated proof-of-concept attacks against their voice interface to invoke unintended applications or operations. However, there is still a lack of empirical understanding of what type of third-party applications that VPA systems support, and what consequences these attacks may cause. In this paper, we perform an empirical analysis of the third-party applications of Amazon Alexa and Google Home to systematically assess the attack surfaces. A key methodology is to characterize a given application by classifying the sensitive voice commands it accepts. We develop a natural language processing tool that classifies a given voice command from two dimensions: (1) whether the voice command is designed to insert action or retrieve information; (2) whether the command is sensitive or nonsensitive. The tool combines a deep neural network and a keyword-based model, and uses Active Learning to reduce the manual labeling effort. The sensitivity classification is based on a user study (N=404) where we measure the perceived sensitivity of voice commands. A ground-truth evaluation shows that our tool achieves over 95% of accuracy for both types of classifications. We apply this tool to analyze 77,957 Amazon Alexa applications and 4,813 Google Home applications (198,199 voice commands from Amazon Alexa, 13,644 voice commands from Google Home) over two years (2018-2019). In total, we identify 19,263 sensitive “action injection” commands and 5,352 sensitive “information retrieval” commands. These commands are from 4,596 applications (5.55% out of all applications), most of which belong to the “smart home” category. While the percentage of sensitive applications is small, we show the percentage is increasing over time from 2018 to 2019.
Risk and Protective Factors for Delinquency

Research from 2008 to 2018 related to risk and protective factors for juvenile delinquency was reviewed to provide an update on the relevance of various factors. Based on the review, some important factors that are consistently related to increased delinquent behaviors include substance use, trauma, delinquent peers, and neighborhood characteristics. The reviewed research also identified many moderators and mediators for risk factors (e.g., genes), indicating that delinquency is unlikely to be predicted with variables from one domain. Within the searched timeframe, research on variables that decrease the likelihood of delinquency (i.e., protective factors) was limited when compared to the research examining risk factors. Nonetheless, familial and neighborhood factors were observed to have protective effects. Some of the methodological characteristics that could clarify conflicting findings between studies were explored, however all reviewed studies could not be contrasted with one another. Therefore, the original references may be consulted to supplement the conclusions drawn here. Lastly, we attempted to incorporate all the relevant research from the searched timeframe into this chapter, but it is possible that some references were overlooked or excluded.
Appropriate Time to Measure Leaf and Stem Water Potential in North-South Oriented, Vertically Shoot-Positioned Vineyards

The diurnal changes in vine water status and the appropriate time of day to measure leaf water potential (LWP) and stem water potential (SWP) were examined in Willamette Valley vineyards with north-south (N-S) oriented rows employing a single curtain, vertically shoot-positioned (VSP) canopy. Measurements of LWP and SWP were performed on Chardonnay and Pinot noir grapevines on seven cloudless days between bloom and harvest over two years. On warm days, LWP reached the daily minimum value by midday (1300 hr) and remained there for a longer duration when vines experienced moderate water stress (LWP -1.20 MPa). However, on cool days, LWP reached the daily minimum later in the day (1400 hr to 1500 hr) in both stressed and unstressed vines. SWP reached the daily minimum level late in the day (1400 hr to 1600 hr) under all conditions and even increased between late morning and midday on two occasions. Thus, measuring SWP at midday consistently underestimates the greatest level of water stress experienced by vines in N-S oriented, VSP canopies. Results of this study show that LWP can be determined over a four-hour period starting at midday on warm sunny days when vines experience a moderate level of water stress: conditions when it is most critical to assess vine water status to schedule irrigation. SWP should be measured in the two-hour period between 1500 hr and 1700 hr under all conditions tested here in N-S oriented, VSP canopies.