cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Treatment and Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Youth: Test of Cross‐Over Effects

Anxiety and depression are highly comorbid and share several common etiological processes. Therefore, it may be more efficient to develop interventions that treat or prevent these problems together rather than as separate entities. The present meta-analytic review examined whether interventions for children and adolescents that explicitly targeted either anxiety or depression showed treatment specificity or also impacted the other outcome (i.e. cross-over effects). We addressed this question both within the same type of study (i.e. treatment, prevention) and across study types. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed both constructs with dimensional measures were included in this review. For treatment studies, RCTs targeting anxiety (n = 18) showed significant effects on both anxious and depressive symptoms, although more strongly on anxiety than depression; similarly, RCTs treating depression (n = 9) yielded significant effects on both depressive and anxious symptoms, but stronger effects on depression than anxiety. Thus, there were cross-over effects in treatments purportedly targeting either anxiety or depression, and also treatment specificity, such that larger effects were seen for the target problem at which the treatment was aimed. Anxiety prevention studies (n = 14) significantly affected anxious, but not depressive symptoms, indicating no cross-over effect of anxiety prevention trials on depression. For depression prevention studies (n = 15), the effects were not significant for either depressive or anxiety symptoms, although the effect was significantly larger for depressive than for anxious symptoms. Post-hoc analyses revealed that the effect on depressive symptoms was significant in depression preventions trials of targeted but not universal samples. Implications for transdiagnostic interventions are discussed.
Manganese supplementation increases adiponectin and lowers ICAM-1 and creatinine blood levels in Zucker type 2 diabetic rats, and downregulates ICAM-1 by upregulating adiponectin multimerization protein (DsbA-L) in endothelial cells.

Blood and tissue levels of manganese (Mn) are lower in type 2 diabetic and atherosclerosis patients compared with healthy subjects. Adiponectin has anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic properties. Impairment in Disulfide bond A-like protein (DsbA-L) is associated with low adiponectin levels and diabetes. This study investigates the hypothesis that the beneficial effects of Mn supplementation are mediated by adiponectin and DsbA-L. At 6 weeks of age, Male Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF) were randomly divided into two groups: diabetic controls and Mn-supplemented diabetic rats. Each rat was supplemented with Mn (D+Mn, 16 mg/kg BW) or water (placebo, D+P) daily for 7 weeks by oral gavage. For cell culture studies, Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) or 3T3L1 adipocytes were pretreated with Mn (0–10 µM MnCl2) for 24 h, followed by high glucose (HG, 25 mM) or normal glucose (5 mM) exposure for another 24 h. Mn supplementation resulted in higher adiponectin (p = 0.01), and lower ICAM-1 (p = 0.04) and lower creatinine (p = 0.04) blood levels compared to those in control ZDF rats. Mn-supplemented rats also caused reduced oxidative stress (ROS) and NADPH oxidase, and higher DsbA-L expression in the liver (p = 0.03) of ZDF rats compared to those in livers of control rats; however, Fe levels in liver were lower but not significant (p = 0.08). Similarly, treatment with high glucose (25 mM) caused a decrease in DsbA-L, which was prevented by Mn supplementation in HUVEC and adipocytes. Mechanistic studies with DsbA-L siRNA showed that the beneficial effects of Mn supplementation on ROS, NOX4, and ICAM-1 expression were abolished in DsbA-L knock-down HUVEC. These studies demonstrate that DsbA-L-linked adiponectin mediates the beneficial effects observed with Mn supplementation and provides evidence for a novel mechanism by which Mn supplementation can increase adiponectin and reduce the biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
ON THE BIOSYNTHETIC ORIGIN OF NEUROPHYSIN-NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL PEPTIDE HORMONE COMPLEXES

Characterization of products of cell-free translation of bovine hypothalamic mRNA, in both wheat germ extracts and rabbit reticulocyte lysates, has allowed identification of two pre-pro-neurophysins, each unique for one of the major bovine neurophysin species. The combined use of specific, purified anti-neurophysins and two peptide mapping procedures has provided rigorous biochemical evidence for establishing these as neurophysin-containing species. Data have been obtained for the presence of two size classes of polyA + mRNA which code for neurophysin biosynthetic products. While preliminary studies indicate that the biosynthesized products become immunochemically reactive with vasopressin antisera after partial proteolysis, rigorous chemical evidence is still lacking for the presence of intact hormone sequences within the bovine pre- proneurophysins.
Neo Homo Economicus and the End of the Subject

Neo-liberalism is now a dominant ideology and sociopolitical-economic organizing principle. Following Nancy Hollander’s (this issue) illuminating foray into its psychological demi-monde, and in full agreement with the understanding that the subject contains and reflects the social, my commentary aims to elaborate on neo-liberalism’s subjective and intersubjecrive correlates. I also raise some more general questions about the relations between the subjective and the social, and our ways of thinking about them. I begin in exploring the value attached to caregiving and attachment. Attachment as goods exchanged and as investment. I follow by highlighting the slippage between ethical and economic meanings in terms such as “value,” “debt,” “guilt,” and “redemption,” a slippage that points to the the probable co-emergence of ethics and markets. Leaning on Foucault’s notion of homo economicus and on the psychoanalytic concept of libidinal economy, I outline some questions about the psychology of the homo economic...
Familial Mediterranean Fever: Review of Literature and Report of Two Cases

Familial Mediterranean fever, an autosomal recessive disorder, is a member of the periodic fever syndromes, and considered to be the most common cause of recurrent febrile episodes in children. It is important to understand the disorder as familial Mediterranean fever falls on a spectrum of various presentations; the recurrent episodes of familial Mediterranean fever may be so severe that the quality of life may be affected in such patients. Therefore, physicians should not delay the evaluation in such cases and promptly initiate treatment to not only improve quality of life but to also avoid complications, such as amyloidosis. This study reports two different cases of familial Mediterranean fever, with varying clinical presentations, and established diagnosis via genetic testing as well as cessation of symptoms with a trial of therapy. Furthermore, this study discusses the various manifestations of familial Mediterranean fever, laboratory findings, and current therapies available for management.
Prion protein modulates glucose homeostasis by altering intracellular iron.

The prion protein (PrPC), a mainly neuronal protein, is known to modulate glucose homeostasis in mouse models. We explored the underlying mechanism in mouse models and the human pancreatic β-cell line 1.1B4. We report expression of PrPC on mouse pancreatic β-cells, where it promoted uptake of iron through divalent-metal-transporters. Accordingly, pancreatic iron stores in PrP knockout mice (PrP−/−) were significantly lower than wild type (PrP+/+) controls. Silencing of PrPC in 1.1B4 cells resulted in significant depletion of intracellular (IC) iron, and remarkably, upregulation of glucose transporter GLUT2 and insulin. Iron overloading, on the other hand, resulted in downregulation of GLUT2 and insulin in a PrPC-dependent manner. Similar observations were noted in the brain, liver, and neuroretina of iron overloaded PrP+/+ but not PrP−/− mice, indicating PrPC-mediated modulation of insulin and glucose homeostasis through iron. Peripheral challenge with glucose and insulin revealed blunting of the response in iron-overloaded PrP+/+ relative to PrP−/− mice, suggesting that PrPC-mediated modulation of IC iron influences both secretion and sensitivity of peripheral organs to insulin. These observations have implications for Alzheimer’s disease and diabetic retinopathy, known complications of type-2-diabetes associated with brain and ocular iron-dyshomeostasis.
Aquatic Ecosystems and Human Health

Aquatic ecosystems are used by humans for many recreational purposes, from hiking along streams to swimming and boating. Although many of these waters may appear pristine, they can pose both physical and biological threats to human health. Fecal pollution in the water can harbor pathogens, which cause illnesses such as gastroenteritis in humans. Common sources of fecal pollution are animal feeding operations, septic tank systems, wastewater treatment plants, stormwater runoff, and direct defecation by animals and humans in water. Chemical toxins, including mercury, lead, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) can also enter waterways through runoff or direct atmospheric deposition. Once in aquatic ecosystems these toxins may bioaccumulate in fish, posing a threat to humans when consumed. Methods to reduce these threats to human health are available, including pollution prevention programs, water monitoring techniques, water quality standards and regulations, and fish consumption advisories. Based on the most common exposure routes, the best means to protect human health is for people to practice good hygiene techniques by washing their hands after exposure to inland waters and by always treating or boiling natural sources of water before consumption.
Mechanism of inhibition of DNA synthesis by cycloheximide in Balb3T3 cells

Abstract The mechanisms underlying DNA chain elongation were investigated in Balb 3 T 3 cells utilizing both intact cells and a whole cell lysate system. Incorporation of labeled deoxynucleoside triphosphates into short ( 10 S) chains up to 1 min of incubation with lysate suggesting that chain growth occurs discontinuously along both strands of DNA. Both the kinetics of incorporation and pulse-chase data showed that short chains were true precursors to large molecular weight DNA. Alkaline sucrose sedimentation analysis of DNA synthesized by the lysate system revealed that Okazaki fragments, 5 S in size, matured into 8 S fragments prior to the formation of large molecular weight DNA. Exposure of cells to 25 μM cycloheximide for 1 h reduced protein and DNA synthesis to 5% and 25%, respectively, of control. Prior inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide delayed the maturation of 5 S fragments into 8 S intermediates but did not significantly affect the joining of 8 S pieces to form large molecular weight DNA in vitro. Alkaline sucrose sedimentation profiles of DNA from cycloheximide-treated cells pulse-labeled with [3H]thymidine were significantly different from those of control cells indicating altered initiation and termination patterns of DNA replication in the presence of the inhibitor. On the basis of these data and other evidence in literature, it is proposed that a combination of reduced rate of replicon initiation and impaired maturation of 5 S fragments into 8 S intermediates accounts for the observed decreases in the overall rate of DNA synthesis and in the rate of chain elongation in cycloheximide-treated cells.
Implicational Universals in Greenberg's Data and the Expanded Sample

This chapter presents a set of reformulated implicational universals for much of Joseph Greenberg's word order data. It presents a discussion of the general properties of adequate implicational universals of word order. The implicational universals to be proposed in the chapter have the following properties: they are almost all nonstatistical, that is, exceptionless rather than statistical, relative to the data base; they are all unilateral rather than bilateral; and a significant number are multitermed rather than bitermed. Unilateral implications define three-way typologies, whereas bilateral implications define two-way typologies. And multitermed statements are on many occasions able to capture regularities of co-occurrence that bitermed statements cannot, by, in effect, raising the antecedent of the implication from one property to two. The co-occurrence of a third can then often be predicted in a straightforward manner
Intraspinal Sprouting of Primary Afferents After Spinal Denervation and Treatment with Antibodies to Nerve Growth Factor

Spinal cord injury is accompanied by a loss of sensation and motor control below the level of the lesion. If such distressing injuries are to be controlled and an effective therapy instituted it is essential to understand the result of injury on sensory and motor systems. One possible response of the nervous system to injury which may be enhanced is sprouting.
The War on Cancer rages on.

In 1971, the “War on Cancer” was launched by the US government to cure cancer by the 200-year anniversary of the founding of the United States of America, 1976. This article briefly looks back at the progress that has been made in cancer research and compares progress made in other areas of human affliction. While progress has indeed been made, the battle continues to rage on.
Ecologically Minded Teaching

Does “environmental education” only happen in science class or on field trips to the local nature center? What does ecologically oriented teaching in other subject areas look like? This chapter illustrates the practices of two ecologically minded teachers in traditional secondary English classrooms. In each case, the teachers’ ecological beliefs emerged in their intentions for students, in how they orchestrate their classroom environments, and in a variety of curricular aspects.
Immune Response Targeting Sjögren's Syndrome Antigen Ro52 Suppresses Tear Production in Female Mice.

Autoantibodies reactive against Ro52 are present in 70% of Sjogren's syndrome patients and are associated with higher disease severity. However, their role in causing aqueous deficient dry eye, a major cause for morbidity in Sjogren's syndrome, is unclear. To investigate whether immune responses targeting Ro52 contribute towards the dry eye, male and female NZM2758 mice were immunized with recombinant Ro52. Tear production was measured by the phenol red thread test. Sera were analyzed for anti-Ro52 levels by immunoprecipitation. Lacrimal glands were evaluated for inflammatory foci and IgG deposits. Our results showed that, although all mice generated anti-Ro52 antibodies, only females developed a significant drop in tear production. None of the mice developed severe lacrimal gland inflammation, and female mice with anti-Ro52 showed higher levels of IgG deposits within their glands. Passive transfer of anti-Ro52 sera caused reduced tear production in female mice, but not in males. This study demonstrates for the first time that immune responses initiated by Ro52 induce aqueous dry eye, and this may be driven by anti-Ro52 antibodies. Furthermore, the sexual dimorphism in glandular dysfunction suggests that the lacrimal glands in females are more susceptible to autoantibody-mediated injury.
Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Spirit Possession and Deliverance Ministries

This paper reviews the interdisciplinary clinical and diagnostic aspects of spirit possession phenomena pertinent to the health care and pastoral fields. The empirical data on possession states and...
Pressure Injury in the Critically Ill Elderly Patient

Pressure injuries are a major problem for all people, but they are especially problematic in the elderly patient. The goal of this review is to provide strategies for reducing the incidence of these problem wounds in the geriatric population. The review asks: what are the risk factors for developing pressure injuries? And how are these risks magnified in the elderly population? There are several wound healing organizations that have developed definitions and strategies for dealing with pressure injuries. Risks can be divided into “intrinsic” and “extrinsic” factors. “Intrinsic” risk factors include limited mobility, malnutrition, comorbidities, and aging. “Aging” leads to inexorable body and skin changes. There are “intrinsic” skin alterations—wrinkling, thinning, sagging, increased fragility—that occur in everyone as they age. One can accelerate age-related changes in the skin with “extrinsic” factors—exposure to ultraviolet light, smoking, and other stresses. All of these “intrinsic” risks interact with “extrinsic” risk factors that are the forces that cause the actual injury. “Extrinsic” risk factors include pressure from a firm surface, friction, and moisture. By addressing the specific risk factors that predispose the elderly to pressure injuries, any clinician can reduce the incidence of these problematic wounds.
The Interaction between Gangliosides and Interferon

The mechanism by which interferon induces an antiviral state in cells has not been completely understood. All the experimental evidence suggests that for the manifestation of the effect contact with the sensitive cells is sufficient. The existence of interferon specific membrane receptor site has been postulated1,2. Treatment of cells with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) blocked the development of antiviral activity following interferon treatment3. Also, sepharosebound interferon lost its antiviral activity after preincubation with gangliosides, especially GM2 and GT1,4 and soluble interferon was bound to sepharose-ganglioside beads.4 Recently, it has been reported that cholera toxin (choleragen) added together with interferon inhibited the establishment of antiviral activity.5 Since ganglioside Mil functions as a specific membrane receptor and mediates the action of cholera toxin6,7, it is not unreasonable to suggest, in view of the interferon-ganglioside interaction, that membrane ganglioside may also play a role in the binding and action of interferon. This work further explores the relationship between gangliosides and interferon action in normal human fibroblasts and in ganglioside-deficient, transformed mouse fibroblasts.7,8,9
PBMC gene expression profiles of female Bangladeshi adults chronically exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water.

Abstract Arsenic, a class I human carcinogen, is ubiquitously found throughout the environment and around the globe, posing a great public health concern. Notably, Bangladesh and regions of West Bengal have been found to have high levels (0.5–4600 μg/L) of arsenic drinking water contamination, and approximately 50 million of the world’s 200 million people chronically exposed to arsenic in Bangladesh alone. This study was carried out to examine genome-wide gene expression changes in individuals chronically exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water. Our study population includes twenty-nine Bangladeshi female participants with urinary arsenic levels ranging from 22.32 to 1828.12 μg/g creatinine. RNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were evaluated using RNA-Sequencing analysis. Our results indicate that a total of 1,054 genes were significantly associated with increasing urinary arsenic levels (FDR p
Phylogenomic Analyses of Non-Dikarya Fungi Supports Horizontal Gene Transfer Driving Diversification of Secondary Metabolism in the Amphibian Gastrointestinal Symbiont, Basidiobolus.

Author(s): Tabima, Javier F; Trautman, Ian A; Chang, Ying; Wang, Yan; Mondo, Stephen; Kuo, Alan; Salamov, Asaf; Grigoriev, Igor V; Stajich, Jason E; Spatafora, Joseph W | Abstract: Research into secondary metabolism (SM) production by fungi has resulted in the discovery of diverse, biologically active compounds with significant medicinal applications. The fungi rich in SM production are taxonomically concentrated in the subkingdom Dikarya, which comprises the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Here, we explore the potential for SM production in Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota, two phyla of nonflagellated fungi that are not members of Dikarya, by predicting and identifying core genes and gene clusters involved in SM. The majority of non-Dikarya have few genes and gene clusters involved in SM production except for the amphibian gut symbionts in the genus Basidiobolus Basidiobolus genomes exhibit an enrichment of SM genes involved in siderophore, surfactin-like, and terpene cyclase production, all these with evidence of constitutive gene expression. Gene expression and chemical assays also confirm that Basidiobolus has significant siderophore activity. The expansion of SMs in Basidiobolus are partially due to horizontal gene transfer from bacteria, likely as a consequence of its ecology as an amphibian gut endosymbiont.
A Taxonomy of Transcriptomic Cell Types Across the Isocortex and Hippocampal Formation

The isocortex and hippocampal formation are two major structures in the mammalian brain that play critical roles in perception, cognition, emotion and learning. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing approaches, we profiled ~1.2 million cells covering all regions in the adult mouse isocortex and hippocampal formation. The cell types are organized hierarchically and exhibit varying degrees of discrete or continuous variations. Such molecular relationships correlate strongly with the spatial distribution patterns of the cell types, which can be region-specific, shared across multiple regions, or part of one or more gradients. Glutamatergic neuron types display much greater diversity than GABAergic neuron types, both molecularly and spatially, and define regional identities as well as inter-region relationships. Our study establishes a molecular architecture of the mammalian isocortex and hippocampal formation for the first time, and begins to shed light on its underlying relationship with the development, evolution, connectivity and function of these two brain structures.
Scaling Up Data Science Course Projects: A Case Study

Large-scale, online Data Science (DS) courses and degree programs are becoming increasingly common due to the global rise in popularity and demand for data scientists. Although project-based learning is integral to gaining hands-on experience in DS education, providing fair, timely, and high-quality feedback on varied projects for a large number of diverse students is challenging. To address those challenges in scaling up the assessment of DS group projects, we integrated multiple techniques, such as rapid feedback, peer grading, graders as meta-reviewers, etc. We present a case study of deploying those strategies for group projects in a large online DS course titled Text Information Systems offered in Fall, 2020. We synthesize our findings from analyzing student and grader survey responses, and share useful lessons and future work.
Lightning strikes and aircraft operational performance

The US military has developed MIL-STD-464 to provide the requirements for lighting strikes and other EM effects to systems. MIL-STD-464 performance based requirements result in assessment of operational performance of the system to allocate the specific direct and indirect effects of lighting. This paper explores a novel approach to allocation of operational performance requirements for aircraft systems when struck by lightning.
Hasta la Vista?: An Assessment of the California Governor’s Proposal to Send Undocumented Inmates to Mexico

At a press conference in January 2010, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger proposed sending undocumented inmates from California prisons to cheaper, privately run prisons in Mexico as a solution to the state’s budget crisis and prison overcrowding problems. Though seemingly far-fetched, the Governor’s proposal represents a creative solution to a nation-wide problem of growing illegal immigrant populations, overburdened penal systems, and increasing pressures to cut costs. National trends in privatization and the offshoring of government functions make exporting inmates to lower cost prisons abroad a tempting remedy, albeit one that is fraught with legal complications. This Note argues that the California Governor’s proposal is infeasible because it does not fit within the existing U.S.-Mexico treaty structure and California is constitutionally prohibited from entering into its own treaty with Mexico. Furthermore, the massive civil liability risk created by a private extra-territorial prison substantially reduces the cost savings incentives.
A rational formulation of thermal circuit models by finite element method and model reduction techniques for electro-thermal simulation

This paper presents a rational approach to construct thermal circuit networks equivalent to a discretization of the heat equation by the finite element method (FEM). After the derivation of FEM-based thermal circuit networks, model reduction techniques are further applied to derive reduced thermal circuit networks for the efficient electro-thermal simulation of power electronic circuits and devices in circuit simulators. >
Procedures for Gait Analysis

Observational gait analysis is clinically useful with videotape slow-motion replay and freeze-frame, offering significant improvement over unaided visual observation. Any form of observational gait analysis, however, has limited precision and is more descriptive than quantitative. This article reviews procedures that are available for gait analysis. Gait analysis systems have evolved from cine with manual digitization, electrogoniometry, and video technology to sophisticated automated tracking systems. When used in conjunction with biomechanical models, these systems allow quantitative analysis of many specific gait characteristics such as joint moments and powers (kinetic analysis), joint angles, angular velocities, and angular accelerations (kinematic analysis). Analysis of dynamic electromyographic activity and energy consumption adds useful clinical information to gait analysis. The combination of a careful clinical assessment and gait analysis can be a powerful tool for the clinician.
Support for Affirmative Action Initiatives Among Diverse Groups: The Role of Ethnic Identity

This study investigates the relationships among demographic factors (race/ethnicity, color, and gender), ethnic identity (i.e., the degree to which one identifies with and feels a part of one's racial or ethnic group), and support for affirmative action initiatives. Using a sample of 1,880 university employees, the results of this survey study reveal that women and minority group members express higher levels of ethnic identity and support for affirmative action initiatives, mirroring previous research. In addition, the findings indicate that ethnic identity and support for affirmative action initiatives are correlated and that ethnic identity serves as a mediator and moderator in the relationship between demographic variables and support for affirmative action for some subgroups.
Does the Use of Diamond-Like Carbon Coating and Organophosphate Lubricant Additive Together Cause Excessive Tribochemical Material Removal?

We observe unexpected wear increase on a steel surface that rubbed against diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings only when lubricated by phosphate-based antiwear additives. Contrary to the literature hypothesis of a competition between zinc dialkyldithiophosphate produced tribofilms and DLC-induced carbon transfer, here a new wear mechanism based on carbon-catalyzed tribochemical interactions supported by surface characterization is proposed
Efficient Error Recovery in Cyberphysical Digital-Microfluidic Biochips

Due to their emergence as an efficient platform for point-of-care clinical diagnostics, digital-microfluidic biochips (DMFBs) have received considerable attention in recent years. In particular, error recoverability is of key interest in medical applications due to the need for system reliability. Errors are likely during droplet manipulation due to defects, chip degradation, and the lack of precision inherent in biochemical experiments. We present an illustrative survey on recently proposed techniques for error recovery. The parameters of the error-recovery design space are shown and evaluated for these schemes. Next, we make use of these evaluations to describe how they can guide error recovery in DMFBs. By exploiting the flexibility provided by field-programmable biochip designs (FPBs), as in the case of their FPGA counterparts in electronic systems, we present a dynamic adaptation technique for error recovery in practical FPBs with a limited number of available control pins. Using two representative real-life bioassays, we show that the proposed approach can provide rapid error recovery for pin-constrained FPBs and it is more effective than recently published methods that target this problem.
Wavelength defragmentation design for multi-fiber WDM networks

We analyze the effectiveness of applying fragmentation and reconfiguration costs from old paths to new ones in multi-fiber wavelength division multiplexing networks. Numerical evaluation using a 2×3 grid shows that the number of changed wavelengths is reduced by approximately 90% while retaining the effectiveness of the reconfiguration.
Glycemic control and sponsor rank of military dependents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background Disparities in glycemic control are reported in children with type 1 diabetes related to differences in access to health care and socioeconomic status. In the US military, rank is an indicator of socioeconomic status, but all have complete health care access without cost. Objective We sought to determine if glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes differs if their sponsor (parent) is an officer vs. enlisted military service member. Methods We performed a cross-sectional retrospective chart review of children with type 1 diabetes >1 yr duration whose parent is a military service member. Results A total of 281 subjects met study criteria, 136 (48.4%) having an enlisted and 145 (51.6%) having an officer sponsor. The groups differed by race with 38.2% black in the enlisted and 9% black in the officer group (p < 0.001). The median enlisted average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over the most recent year of available data was significantly higher than the officer group (9.2 vs. 8.4%, p < 0.001). The difference remained significant when controlled for age and race. Diabetes-related hospitalizations were greater in the enlisted group (39.0 vs. 19.3%, p < 0.001). More subjects in the officer group were on insulin pumps (54.5 vs. 28.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion Dependent children of enlisted service members with type 1 diabetes have higher HbA1c levels, more diabetes-related hospitalizations, and are less likely to use insulin pumps than children of officers. These differences are likely linked to socioeconomic status and education levels given the universal access to health care within the military system.
Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities National Internship Program: A Means toward Achieving a Representative Bureaucracy.

The U.S. government has long struggled with achieving a federal workforce that reflects the nation's diversity. This study evaluates the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities National Internship Program, which recruits Latino students for semester-long internship assignments with federal agencies. Having undergone the internship program, students are more likely to consider the federal government as a future employer than they were previously. Such internships offer the potential of improving Latino representation in the federal bureaucracy.
Determination of Nonspecific Serological Reactions to Avian Mycoplasma Antigens

Abstract BOYER et al. (1960) reported serums from chickens and turkeys that were vaccinated with erysipelas bacterin (Duovax- Cynamid) subcutaneously would cause a positive plate agglutination reaction with PPLO antigen (A.S.L.) beginning by the eight day, and almost completely disappeared by the 29th day post vaccination. A similar trial with fowl cholera bacterin (Glandolac Company) in turkeys did not produce PPLO plate reactions. Olson et al. (1964) reported that serums from Mycoplasma synoviae-iniected birds would cause a serological reaction to Mycoplasma gallisepUcum serum plate antigen. Roberts and Olesuik (1967) reported that serums from birds inoculated with M. synoviae, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bacterin, and avian Mycoplasma serotype P produced a rapid serum plate agglutination reaction with M. gallisepUcum antigen, but all were negative to the HI and tube agglutination test for M. gallisepticum. They reported this nonspecific reaction was due to a rheumatoid factor activity in the serum. Roberts (1969) reported on the…
Increasing Targeting and Efficacy of Anti-Tumor Antibody

In cancer research one of the most difficult aspects is finding a treatment that selectively targets diseased cells without harming healthy cells in their proximity. This lead to inquiry about the utilization of a patients own immune system. It has been found that cytotoxic immune cells infiltrate tumor masses but are inactivated by intercellular signals. Our lab sought to construct an antibody that would bind specifically tumor cells with a high affinity, as well as activating infiltrating T lymphocytes. Previously, our lab identified a antigen binding fragment (Fab) that localized to tumors and bound an E75-MHC receptor found on their cell surface with nanomolar affinity. Using SPR studies the half-life of this binding was found to be less than a 2 minutes and exhibited a problematic duration in vivo. Our objective was to design, collect and test the avidity of an antibody with a bivalent Fab display. In addition to the Fab elements, mutations were made in the constant region (Fc) of the antibody to include an anti-CD3 small chain variable fragment, enabling binding to the CD3 glycoprotein found on the surface of T cells, and a 6-histidine, to be used during purification. Two Escherichia Coli expression methods were attempted; experimenting with phosphate depletion and ITPG induced promoters. Neither provided significant yield, so a mammalian expression model was chosen. The mammalian model produced a higher yield using transiently transfected kidney cells. The protein was purified using fast protein liquid chromatography, running through two columns. A Protein A column selected for Ig folds, isolating all formed antibodies. A HisTalon column selected for histidine, removing formed protein with double CD3 reactive Fc elements, which cause systemic immune response. Unfortunately errors in our MHC receptor expression prevented the project from completing our avidity studies.
How computer architecture trends may affect future distributed systems: from infiniBand clusters to inter-processor speculation (abstract)

The design of distributed systems is and will be altered by the computer architecture innovations enabled by Moore's Law. I will survey some of these issues and how they might affect the design of distributed systems. Topics will include ideas for merging of clusters and large shared-memory multiprocessors, the emerging InfiniBand system area network standard, the effect of simultaneous multithreading, and the potential for softening the memory wall through inter-processor speculation.
Simple model of the anisotropic penetration depth in high T{sub c} superconductors

We present a simple model of some high {Tc} cuprates based upon superconducting (S) and normal (N) layers, which quantitatively fits the data of Bonn et al. for the low-temperature T dependence of the penetration depths {lambda}{sub a,b,c} in untwinned YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7-{delta}}, assuming s-wave intralyer pairing. This SN model also leads to anisotropic surface states, which complicate analysis of photoemission and tunneling measurements.
"Psychic surgery" in the Philippines as a form of group hypnosis.

Abstract Psychic surgeons and their patients were observed in the Philippines during a variety of procedures of “minor surgery.” In six cases, subcutaneous tissues (cysts and benign tumors) were removed. Histological examination confirmed the gross diagnoses and left no doubt that the skin had been penetrated. Although the psychic surgeons used no analgesics or anesthetics, the patients appeared to experience little or no pain and only slight bleeding. The authors believe that a supportive group “atmosphere” enables the patients to enter a quasi-hypnotic state that reduces pain and facilitates healing.
Data Management in Dendroarchaeology Using Tellervo

The Tellervo dendrochronological software builds upon the Tree-Ring Data Standard (TRiDaS) to provide a tool for recording and managing all manner of dendrochronological data. However, Tellervo is especially useful for dendroarchaeological research. The traditional file formats used in dendrochronology—and by association the applications that use them—have very limited and nonstandard methods for recording rich information about dendro samples and their context. Such information is especially important in dendroarchaeological research to ensure accurate conclusions are made. Tellervo is described here in the context of research carried out as part of the excavations of the Theodosian Harbor at Yenikapi, Istanbul. DOI: 10.2458/azu_rc.56.18320 ( Radiocarbon ) DOI: 10.3959/1536-1098-70.3.79 ( Tree-Ring Research )
The Compton profiles of MnO and scandium

Abstract The Compton profiles of single crystal Mno and polycrystalline scandium were measured with Ag Kα x-radiation. The momentum distribution for scandium follows very closely a valence electron configuration 3d24s (free electron) and difers considerably from a 3d3 configuration. While the profile for MnO is more closely approximated by a superposition of Mn+2 + O−2 as compared to a superposition of Mn° + 0° it still shows appreciable solid state broadening. The anisotropy in MnO was small, < 3%.
Rate and mechanism in prograde metamorphism

For a given rate of heat input into a prograde metamorphic sequence the extent of overstep of reaction temperature (disequilibrium) depends on the slowest of three sequential steps: (a) surface detachment of reactant minerals, (b) transport of material to the site of mineral growth, and (c) nucleation and growth of the product mineral. We have developed analytical expressions which enable determination of the rates of mineral dissolution and growth and of advective and diffusive mass transport during metamorphism. The dissolution and growth steps are linear functions of the driving force (−Δ G) of the overall reaction while diffusion may take place either through a grain boundary fluid film or through the disorganized grain boundary itself.
Lipid Determination in Powdered Human Dentin by Thin-Layer and Gas-Liquid Chromatography

Recent improvements in lipid assays (thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography instrumentation) motivated reinvestigation of the lipid content in human dentin. The present report describes the technics utilized for the separation and quantitative assay of the various lipid components in dentin, a new method of preparing the dentin material, and evaluation of the errors involved in these methods. Although there have been various reports on lipid composition,'-7 none of these reports analyzed for all the lipid components that may be presently analyzed for, utilized the latest available technics, or determined the limits of reliability of the analytical data.
A new window on fullerene chemistry: An electrospray mass spectrometric study of the amination of C60

Polyamines derived from C 60 were characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in 1:1 methanol toluene containing 2.5% trifluoroacetic acid. Peak assignments are consistent with the formula C 60 O n (RNH 2 ) m for the protonated products. The preferential formation of the hexaaminated product C 60 O 6 (RNH 2 ) 6 was also observed
COMMODIFYING BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING EDUCATION: THE IMPLICATIONS OF ACCREDITATION

Abstract The paper examines how the new total quality management–continuous improvement technologies are being promoted within the education community and considers possible implications. The total quality management (TQM) technology is briefly described and shown to provide the basis for the AACSB's new business and accounting accreditation standards. TQM applications within business schools are reviewed and evaluated. The dialectical possibilities motivated by the new standards are considered using an evolutionary model of social development. The model identifies inherent societal tensions useful in recognizing the presence of these general tensions as they are being played out within the form and content of business education.
Orientational Order of [VOF5]2‐ and [NbOF5]2‐ Polar Units in Chains.

The cause of polar distortion orientation of ordered one-dimensional chains of basic building units is illustrated with subtle alterations in the heterotypic structures of the previously known compound CuNbOF5(H2O)2(pyz)3 and the new hybrid materials (III), (V), and (VI), whose crystal structures are determined by single crystal XRD.
Successful Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair during a Twin Pregnancy: Case Report and Literature Review

A 28-year-old woman in the first trimester of a twin pregnancy presented with a symptomatic descending thoracic aortic aneurysm. We report our experience in managing a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm in this patient.
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of molybdenum

Abstract The plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of molybdenum films from Ar-Mo(CO)6 gas mixtures and H2-Mo(CO)6 gas mixtures was studied. Films deposited from the former mixture contain large quantities of carbon and oxygen before and after annealing, while their sheet resistance remained beyond the range of the four-point probe used here. As-deposited films from the latter mixture contain carbon, but oxygen is present apparently in the form of a hydroxide. On annealing, the resistivity reaches a minimum of 7.5 μΩ cm and oxygen is no longer present in the film.
Control of C3 levels in mice during ontogeny by a gene in the central region of the H-2 complex.

THE observation that differences in serum haemolytic activity in mice are controlled by the H–2 complex1, was followed by reports that in several mammalian species the levels of individual complement components (C), from both the classical and the alternative pathways, are influenced by genes located close to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), (reviewed in ref. 2). The relationship between mouse Ss protein, serum levels of which are controlled by a gene in the central part of H–2, and human C4 (refs 3–5), highlights the association between MHC and the C system. The mechanism which underlies this association is largely unknown. In only one case (factor B) has a structural gene been identified6. We report here that the serum levels of C3 in mice during ontogeny are influenced by a gene in the central region of the H–2 complex.
Cretaceous Deltas in the Denver Basin and Relationship to Petroleum: ABSTRACT

Early Cretaceous and early Late Cretaceous deltaic sediments of the Denver basin include the oil-producing "D" and "J" sandstones (upper Dakota Group). The very fine- to coarse-grained quartzose sandstones are in part cross-bedded and ripple marked, in part marine, and in part nonmarine; contain coal and carbonaceous or lignitic beds, mud pellets, siderite concretions, interbedded claystones; and in some areas grade laterally and vertically through siltstone into marine shale. Within the "J" sandstone there is a well-defined delta extending northwestward into the Denver basin in Colorado. There are smaller deltas in western Nebraska, and, between these two areas, there is a narrow marine embayment. A similar deltaic pattern is developed in the "D" sandstone. Petroleum is concentrated in the parts of the deltas that have the greatest interfingering of marine and deltaic deposits. End_of_Article - Last_Page 344------------
Role of disulfide bonds in the attachment and function of large, external, transformation-sensitive glycoprotein at the cell surface.

Abstract Reduction of disulfide linkages by dithiothreitol removes LETS (large, external, transformation-sensitive) protein from the cell surface. This process is dependent upon the concentration of dithiothreitol and the time and temperature of reaction. At 0° C the release of LETS protein by dithiothreitol is completely blocked, but this is apparently not due to a requirement for metabolic energy. At this temperature, reduction of LETS protein is incomplete. These results suggest that intact disulfide bonds are involved in the retention of this protein on the cell surface. Furthermore, reduction of purified LETS protein interferes with its ability to confer flattened morphology and increased adhesivity when added to transformed cells. It appears, therefore, that disulfide bonds are functionally important at the cell surface.
Behavioral and developmental homeostasis in the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta.

Abstract The von Bertalanffy rule (1960) predicts that low incubation temperature during larval development will result in larger adult body size. If larval development in social insects followed this rule, then low incubation temperature would induce the development of larger workers and possibly even sexuals. To test this prediction, the effect of incubation temperature on larval development, larval meal size, larval tending and worker recruitment to food in the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta was investigated. Temperatures tested where within the range at which brood remains viable. Contrary to the predictions of the von Bertalanffy rule, worker size was unaffected by incubation temperature, and sexuals were reared at the high rather than the low incubation temperature. Moreover, larval meal size, the rate of larval tending by workers and the total number of workers recruited to food were unaffected by temperature. Mechanisms regulating developmental and behavioral homeostasis were as follows: the duration of larval development and the rate of larval growth changed proportionately with temperature such that the mean and variation of pupal size was unaffected by incubation temperature. Larvae solicited at the same rate, swallowed at the same rate and swallowed for the same duration such that meal size was unaffected by incubation temperature. On the brood pile, fewer workers tended brood at higher incubation temperatures, but worker tempo increased; as a result, brood tending was not adversely affected by incubation temperature. The rate of worker recruitment to food sites outside the nest increased with temperature, but the duration of the recruitment effort decreased such that, over time, the same total number of workers was employed to retrieve food. Incubation humidity was also investigated. When brood chambers were less than 100% humid, workers recruited to food and tended larvae (retrieved, sorted and groomed them), but did not feed larvae. Eventually, larvae died of starvation and were cannibalized.