cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The structure of the Boij-Söderberg posets

Boij and Soderberg made a pair of conjectures, which were subsequently proven by Eisenbud and Schreyer and then extended by Boij and Soderberg, concerning the structure of Betti diagrams of graded modules. In the theory, a particular family of posets and their associated order complexes play an integral role. We explore the structure of this family. In particular, we show that the posets are bounded complete lattices and the order complexes are vertex-decomposable, hence Cohen-Macaulay and squarefree glicci.
Delay-Constrained Video Transmission: Quality-Driven Resource Allocation and Scheduling

Real-time video demands quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees such as delay bounds for end-user satisfaction. Furthermore, the tolerable delay varies depending on the use case such as live streaming or two-way video conferencing. Due to the inherently stochastic nature of wireless fading channels, deterministic delay bounds are difficult to guarantee. Instead, we propose providing statistical delay guarantees using the concept of effective capacity. We consider a multiuser setup whereby different users have (possibly different) delay QoS constraints. We derive the resource allocation policy that maximizes the sum video quality and applies to any quality metric with concave rate-quality mapping. We show that the optimal operating point per user is such that the rate-distortion slope is the inverse of the supported video source rate per unit bandwidth, a key metric we refer to as the source spectral efficiency. We extend the resource allocation policy to capture video quality-driven adaptive user-subcarrier assignment in wideband channels as well as capture the impact of adaptive modulation and coding. We also solve the alternative problem of fairness-based resource allocation whereby the objective is to maximize the minimum video quality across users. Finally, we derive user admission and scheduling policies that enable selecting a maximal user subset such that all selected users can meet their statistical delay requirement. Results show that video users with differentiated QoS requirements can achieve similar video quality with vastly different resource requirements. Thus, QoS-aware scheduling and resource allocation enable supporting significantly more users under the same resource constraints.
Activation of the Meiotic Divisions inDrosophilaOocytes

Key meiotic events in many organisms are controlled at the translational level. In this study, we examine the role of translational regulation in the meiotic cell cycle ofDrosophila.In order to address this question, we developed a system for activatingDrosophilaoocytesin vitro.With this method, hundreds of mature oocytes can be activated to resume and complete meiosis. The stages of meiosis are normal by cytological criteria, and the timing of the meiotic divisions is similar to that of eggs activatedin vivo.We use this system to examine the role of protein synthesis in regulating the progression of meiosis and the maintenance of the metaphase I arrest. We find that synthesis of new proteins after metaphase I is not required for anaphase I, meiosis II, or the decondensation of the meiotic products. Also, continued protein synthesis is not required to maintain the metaphase I arrest. New protein synthesis is required, however, for proper chromatin recondensation after meiosis.
Suburethral abscess : a complication of periurethral collagen injection therapy

Abstract Background: Urinary tract infection after collagen injection is well documented. Other adverse reactions are rare. Cases: Three women experienced suburethral abscess after repeat periurethral injections. All patients received local skin preparation and postprocedural antibiotics. Symptoms failed to resolve with antibiotics. The first two patients presented after 5 weeks and 10 days with irritative voiding symptoms and a tender suburethral swelling. The first patient was treated with excision. Spontaneous rupture into the urethra occurred with the second. The third woman presented with acute urinary retention at 102 days. A large suburethral mass was drained successfully in the office. Conclusion: Suburethral abscess may be a delayed complication of periurethral collagen injections, not preventable by postprocedural antibiotics. Drainage is required.
Identification, epidemiology, and chronicity of pediatric esophageal eosinophilia, 1982-1999

Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EE) is now a commonly encountered disorder that was rarely diagnosed a decade ago. Objective We aimed to determine the epidemiologic and histologic features of retrospective pediatric esophageal eosinophilia before the first case of EE at our institution was recognized. Methods Esophageal biopsy specimens obtained between 1982 and 1999 with reflux esophagitis were re-examined and reorganized into 2 groups based on peak esophageal eosinophil number ( Results Eight hundred seven biopsy specimens from 666 patients were re-examined; 198 patients had 15 eosinophils/hpf or greater. Among a population-based cohort of patients with 15 eosinophils/hpf or greater, there was a modest increase in incidence ( P P = .9; incidence rate ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.73-1.44). Patients who had as few as 5 eosinophils/hpf were more likely to have persistent esophageal eosinophilia on repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy, evidence of basal layer hyperplasia, and lamina propria fibrosis compared with patients with less than 5 eosinophils/hpf ( P Conclusions Esophageal eosinophilia at levels consistent with EE was present among 30% of patients given diagnoses of reflux esophagitis, and the incidence of esophageal eosinophilia did not change over time. Patients with 5 eosinophils/hpf or greater had evidence of other histologic abnormalities and were likely to have persistent esophageal eosinophilia.
The Second Ring-Moon System of Uranus: Discovery and Dynamics

Deep exposures of Uranus taken with the Hubble Space Telescope reveal two small moons and two faint rings. All of them orbit outside of Uranus's previously known (main) ring system but are interior to the large, classical moons. The outer new moon, U XXVI Mab, orbits at roughly twice the radius of the main rings and shares its orbit with a dust ring. The second moon, U XXVII Cupid, orbits just interior to the satellite Belinda. A second ring falls between the orbits of Portia and Rosalind, in a region with no known source bodies. Collectively, these constitute a densely packed, rapidly varying, and possibly unstable dynamical system.
Detection of Inhibition of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus by Aromatic Cationic Molecules

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an economically significant pathogen of cattle and a problematic contaminant in the laboratory. BVDV is often used as an in vitro model for hepatitis C virus during drug discovery efforts. Aromatic dicationic molecules have exhibited inhibitory activity against several RNA viruses. Thus, the purpose of this research was to develop and apply a method for screening the aromatic cationic compounds for in vitro cytotoxicity and activity against a noncytopathic strain of BVDV. The screening method evaluated the concentration of BVDV in medium and cell lysates after 72 h of cell culture in the presence of either a 25 or 5 μM concentration of the test compound. Five of 93 screened compounds were selected for further determination of inhibitory (90 and 50%) and cytotoxic (50 and 10%) concentration endpoints. The screening method identified compounds that exhibited inhibition of BVDV at nanomolar concentrations while exhibiting no cytotoxicity at 25 μM concentrations. The leading compounds require further investigation to determine their mechanism of action, in vivo activity, and specific activity against hepatitis C virus.
Portability Issues for a Structured Clinical Vocabulary: Mapping from Yale to the Columbia Medical Entities Dictionary *

Objective : To examine the issues involved in mapping an existing structured controlled vocabulary, the Medical Entities Dictionary (MED) developed at Columbia University, to an institutional vocabulary, the laboratory and pharmacy vocabularies of the Yale New Haven Medical Center. Design : 200 Yale pharmacy terms and 200 Yale laboratory terms were randomly selected from database files containing all of the Yale laboratory and pharmacy terms. These 400 terms were then mapped to the MED in three phases: mapping terms, mapping relationships between terms, and mapping attributes that modify terms. Results : 73% of the Yale pharmacy terms mapped to MED terms. 49% of the Yale laboratory terms mapped to MED terms. After certain obsolete and otherwise inappropriate laboratory terms were eliminated, the latter rate improved to 59%. 23% of the unmatched Yale laboratory terms failed to match because of differences in granularity with MED terms. The Yale and MED pharmacy terms share 12 of 30 distinct attributes. The Yale and MED laboratory terms share 14 of 23 distinct attributes. Conclusion : The mapping of an institutional vocabulary to a structured controlled vocabulary requires that the mapping be performed at the level of terms, relationships, and attributes. The mapping process revealed the importance of standardization of local vocabulary subsets, standardization of attribute representation, and term granularity.
Comparative Toxicity of Acaricides to Aculops lycopersici and Homeopronematus anconai (Acari: Eriophyidae, Tydeidae)

Comparative toxicity of five acaricides to tomato russet mite (TRM), Aculops lycopersici (Massee), and to the predatory tydeid mite Homeopronematus anconai (Baker) was evaluated. Avermectin B1 was the most toxic material to TRM, followed in decreasing order by dicofol, cyhexatin, sulfur, and thuringiensin. Dicofol was the most toxic to H. anconai , followed in decreasing order by avermectin B1 sulfur; cyhexatin, and thuringiensin. Selective doses of avermectin B1 demonstrated good potential for control of TRM without reducing H. anconai numbers. Control of TRM with the other four acaricides most likely would reduce H. anconai population levels.
Adhesion between solid metals

Abstract A broad definition of adhesion between solid metals is proposed and discussed in order to permit a better understanding of the vast amount of metallic adhesion data being published currently. An interesting result of the definition in this paper is that there appears to be a real relationship between adhesion phenomena and the processes of friction, cold welding, sintering, grain boundaries strength and fatigue. A number of experimental techniques are discussed and analyzed with respect to increasing our knowledge of adhesion phenomena.
Caring and Expressions of Stability by Urban Family Caregivers of Persons with Stroke Within African American Family Systems

Expressions of stability by urban family caregivers are the focus of this study. Data presented here were collected as part of a larger ethnographic descriptive study that examined caregivers' (N = 24) experience and the meaning of caring as it influences their ability to care for persons with stroke within their African American family systems. For family caregivers, unmet needs and problems with caregiving may occur as depleted resources are compounded by urban decay in many communities. This study was completed within the Framework of Systemic Organization described by Friedemann, in which families, as open systems, strive for well-being. Stability in the family, a component of well-being, addresses traditions and common behavior patterns rooted in basic values and cultural beliefs. Through data analysis, four themes concerning expressions of stability were identified for all caregivers. Caring expressions of stability are defined as (a) emotional burden; (b) evasion of conflicts; (c) motivation from love and a sense of duty between caregivers, the care recipients, and their families; and (d) a filial, ethereal value. Rehabilitation nurses can incorporate these expressions of stability into their assessment, intervention, and evaluation processes, and thereby increase the potential to strengthen successful caring and stability within the caregivers' family systems.
Polyp Guideline: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surveillance for Patients With Colorectal Polyps*

Polyp guideline: diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance for patients with colorectal polyps
Legislating the Family: The Effect of State Family Laws on the Presence of Children in Same‐Sex Households

Faced with legal animus or outright legal prohibitions on adoption, fostering, or surrogacy, gay men and lesbians could be deterred from family formation. In this article, we use 2000 U.S. Census data to assess the validity of this assumption by examining the effect of positive and negative family laws on the presence of children in the households of same-sex unmarried partners. In doing so, we seek to assess whether formal law plays a central role in family formation outcomes for gay men and lesbians. Employing a multilevel analysis, we find that formal law, particularly negative formal law, appears to play little role in outcomes involving family formation. Formal law might, however, play a greater role when defining property or other legal rights, such as through second parent adoption. These findings are compatible with the notion that individuals are less likely to consult formal law in their everyday lives—particularly with regard to family matters—but are more likely to do so with regard to family issues concerning wills and estates, transfers of property, or other “business” matters.
Effects of crystalline microstructure on epitaxial growth

The results of kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of epitaxial growth on fcc(100) and bcc(100) surfaces in which the correct crystal geometry is taken into account are reported. The existence of downward funneling to fourfold hollow sites leads to a downward current for large angles and to angle selection as observed in a variety of experiments. We have used our model to simulate Fe/Fe(100) deposition at room temperature and have compared our results with recent experiments. Excellent agreement is found for the selected angle, mound coarsening exponent n, and kinetic roughening exponent \ensuremath{\beta} as well as for the mound morphology. A theoretical analysis also leads to an accurate prediction of the observed mound angle for Fe/Fe(100) deposition at room temperature. The general dependence of the surface skewness, mound angle, and coarsening kinetics on temperature, deposition rate, and strength of the step barrier to interlayer diffusion is also studied and compared with recent experiments. While for a moderate step barrier we find an effective coarsening exponent n\ensuremath{\simeq}0.16--0.25, for the case of a very large step barrier we find n\ensuremath{\simeq}1/3, which is significantly larger than found in previous models but in agreement with recent experiments on Rh/Rh(111). \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Sibship reconstruction for inferring mating systems, dispersal and effective population size in headwater brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) populations

Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations have declined in much of the native range in eastern North America and populations are typically relegated to small headwater streams in Connecticut, USA. We used sibship reconstruction to infer mating systems, dispersal and effective population size of resident (non-anadromous) brook trout in two headwater stream channel networks in Connecticut. Brook trout were captured via backpack electrofishing using spatially continuous sampling in the two headwaters (channel network lengths of 4.4 and 7.7 km). Eight microsatellite loci were genotyped in a total of 740 individuals (80–140 mm) subsampled in a stratified random design from all 50 m-reaches in which trout were captured. Sibship reconstruction indicated that males and females were both mostly polygamous although single pair matings were also inferred. Breeder sex ratio was inferred to be nearly 1:1. Few large-sized fullsib families (>3 individuals) were inferred and the majority of individuals were inferred to have no fullsibs among those fish genotyped (family size = 1). The median stream channel distance between pairs of individuals belonging to the same large-sized fullsib families (>3 individuals) was 100 m (range: 0–1,850 m) and 250 m (range: 0–2,350 m) in the two study sites, indicating limited dispersal at least for the size class of individuals analyzed. Using a sibship assignment method, the effective population size for the two streams was estimated at 91 (95%CI: 67–123) and 210 (95%CI: 172–259), corresponding to the ratio of effective-to-census population size of 0.06 and 0.12, respectively. Both-sex polygamy, low variation in reproductive success, and a balanced sex ratio may help maintain genetic diversity of brook trout populations with small breeder sizes persisting in headwater channel networks.
Roles for tumor necrosis factor and gamma interferon in resistance to enteric listeriosis.

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes normally infects the host by translocating from the intestinal lumen. Experiments were carried out to determine if, when, and where tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) function in antibacterial resistance during enteric listeriosis. Groups of normal mice and severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were injected with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAb) specific for each cytokine and then inoculated intragastrically with L. monocytogenes. The course of infection was monitored by enumerating listeriae in gut-associated lymphoid tissues, livers, and spleens. By the third day of infection, bacterial numbers in infected tissues and organs were greatly exacerbated in all mice treated with anti-TNF MAb, whereas bacterial numbers in the organs of mice treated with anti-IFN-γ MAb did not differ from those present in the respective organs of control mice. However, by the fifth day of infection, bacterial numbers in the organs of anti-IFN-γ MAb-treated normal mice and SCID mice were much greater than in the corresponding organs of control mice. Experiments withListeria-immune mice revealed that TNF and IFN-γ are involved in the expression of anti-Listeria memory immunity; however, it was also found that the anti-IFN-γ MAb was relatively ineffective in inhibiting the expression of anti-Listeria immunity, whereas a polyclonal anti-IFN-γ was quite effective.
Tissue soldering by use of indocyanine green dye-enhanced fibrinogen with the near infrared diode laser

Abstract Anastomoses welded by laser have been strengthened by applying a solder of fibrinogen combined with a laser energy absorbing dye (indocyanine green, maximum absorbance 805 nm) to the anastomotic site before continuous-wave diode laser exposure (808 ± 1 nm, 4.8 W/cm 2 ). Immediately after creation, the bursting pressures of welds created without fibrinogen (262 ± 29 mm Hg, n = 11) were significantly less than repairs with fibrinogen (330 ± 75 mm Hg, n = 11) ( p n = 5). Aortotomies closed by suture did not burst but leaked at pressures significantly below those of vessels closed by laser (165 ± 9 mm Hg, n = 11) ( p
Location and Imaging of Elevated Moving Target using Multi-Frequency Velocity SAR with Cross-Track Interferometry

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) location and imaging of moving targets in clutter have attracted much attention in recent years. Locations of moving targets in SAR images are determined not only by their geometric locations but also by their velocities that cause their SAR images de-focused, smeared, and mis-located. With a linear antenna array, velocity synthetic aperture radar (VSAR) can detect, focus, and locate slowly moving targets well. However, it may mis-locate fast moving targets in the azimuth (cross-range) direction, and sometimes even in the ground range direction if the targets are elevated above the ground. Although multiple frequency antenna array SAR (MFAASAR for short) can solve the azimuth mis-location, it still leaves the ground range migration of elevated targets unsolved. We propose an antenna array approach with cross-track interferometry, in which multiple wavelength signals are transmitted. We then propose a robust Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) based phase unwrapping algorithm. The proposed robust CRT-based phase unwrapping algorithm is robust to signal noise, which is different from the the conventional CRT-based phase unwrapping algorithm that is highly sensitive to signal noise and nonrobust. It is shown that our proposed multiple frequency interferometric velocity SAR (MFIn-VSAR) by applying our proposed robust phase unwrapping algorithm can locate both slowly and fast moving elevated targets correctly. An integrated MFIn-VSAR algorithm for moving target imaging is also presented.
Age Differences in the Effort and Costs Associated With Cognitive Activity

Objectives. We tested the hypothesis that aging is associated with an increase in the effort and costs associated with cognitive activity using systolic blood pressure (SBP) as a measure of effort. Method. Younger and older adults engaged in an initial task (Phase 1) for 5 min that was relatively low (adding single digits) or high (subtracting by 3 s) in cognitive demands. They then solved a series of multiplication problems for 3 min (Phase 2). Cardiovascular measures were collected throughout, and reactivity was examined as a function of age, initial task diffi culty, and test phase. Results. Older adults exhibited higher levels of reactivity than younger adults to cognitive engagement, with reactivity increasing with task diffi culty. Diffi culty of the initial task was also associated with greater effort and lower performance on the subsequent multiplication task, suggestive of fatigue or depletion. These fatigue effects were stronger for older adults. Discussion. The results were consistent with expectations and provided support for the utility of SBP reactivity as a measure of cognitive effort in studies of aging.
The Tropical Rainstorm

Abstract The tropical rainstorm over land is extremely variable in both temporal and areal distribution. Usually only one rainstorm (defined to deposit > 10 mm of rain) occurs a day at one place. This paper is restricted to the tropical rainstorm as it occurs over Southeast Asia, Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica. The size and duration of the rainstorms are discussed. A typical tropical rainstorm is about 30 km in diameter and the core rainfall exceeds 25 mm. More than 60% of the daily rain falls from the rainstorm within a period of one hour. The rainstorms are separated from each other with the area in between receiving little or no rain. Some effects of terrain on the size of the rainstorm and the time of day it occurs are discussed.
Statistical Primer for Athletic Trainers: The Difference Between Statistical and Clinical Meaningfulness

Objective: To explain statistical significance and clinical meaningfulness and to provide guidance in evaluating the clinical meaningfulness of a study. Background: Understanding the results and ...
Jim Copp's playhouse

Jim Copp wrote, performed, and produced a series of children's phonograph records during the 1950s and 1960s. These records are stunning achievements in magnetic tape-era sound art, and were released and distributed by Playhouse Records, an independent record label operated by Copp and his business partner Ed Brown. The history of Playhouse Records adds to our knowledge of postwar sound art and independent media production, and reveals the potential for children's media to serve as an outlet for artists working on the fringes of the mainstream entertainment scene. In this essay, I situate Playhouse within the context of the postwar record industry, and listen to Copp's recordings with an ear to the intersection of sound studies, queer theory, and children's media culture.
The Relationship of High School Size, Gender and First-Year Retention Rates at South Dakota State University

This study examines selected demographic characteristics of six South Dakota State University 2008 – 2013 cohorts of first-time, full-time students who graduated from South Dakota public high schools. The purpose of our study is to explore the relationship between high school size, gender and student retention at South Dakota State University (SDSU). Information that was both gathered and analyzed about these students includes their high school size and gender. Our examination of this data uses descriptive statistics to identify characteristics of students who were retained after their first year at SDSU. This study identifies two findings of interest: first, students graduating from high schools with populations of 200-399 students were retained at the highest level; second, gender matters for retention as females were more likely to return than males.
La Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y sus Reparaciones Centradas en la Víctima (The Inter-American Court of Human Rights and its Victim-Centered Remedies)

Por lo general, lo mas frecuente es que los tribunales nacionales e internacionales, en casos de abusos a los derechos humanos, simplemente declaren violaciones y otorguen una indemnizacion economica. Sin embargo, la Corte Interamericana en los ultimos 15 anos viene rompiendo esquemas en el Derecho Internacional, liderando un movimiento que utiliza un concepto mucho mas integral de reparacion. A pesar de dichos desarrollos importantes, sus aportes en este sentido no han recibido suficiente atencion en el mundo academico. En el presente ensayo, yo quisiera presentar aspectos importantes de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana en materia de reparaciones y proponer, a la vez, que otros tribunales incorporen en mayor grado su modelo, en el que se enfatiza los beneficios de las reparaciones no pecuniarias. Generally, it is common for national and international courts, in proven cases of human rights abuse, to merely declare violations and grant economic reparations. However, the Inter-American Court, over the last 15 years, has transformed international law, leading a movement that employs a much broader concept of reparations. Despite these key developments, the Court’s contributions in this area have not received sufficient attention in the literature. In this essay I present important aspects of the Court’s case law on remedies. Further, I urge other tribunals to incorporate into their remedial approaches the Court’s innovative model, which emphasizes the benefits of non-monetary reparations.
Urban and Peri-urban Cultivation in Northern Mozambique: Impacts on Food Security Among Female Street Food Vendors

This study investigates the impact of small-scale agricultural practices on income-generating activities for female street food vendors in urban and peri-urban areas in northern Mozambique. Female-headed households report greater food resources and income from gathering and cultivation despite longer work days. This creates new economic niches. Cultivation contributes to positive psychological outcomes; it reduces feelings of anomie and eases transitions from rural to urban settings. Cultivation provides a connection to tradition, serves as a cultural identifier, and allows women to earn money in gender-appropriate ways. These findings have policy implications for food security and livelihoods in urban centers, including the need for greater access to water and clean compost material to enhance yield.
In Vivo Incorporation of 14C into Liver and Kidney Sterols from Parenterally Administered [2-14C]d,l-Mevalonic Acid

SummaryTwenty-four hr after the iv administration of [2-14C]d,l-mevalonic acid to dogs and to sheep, the specific radioactivity of digitonin precipitatible sterol expressed as cholesterol in the kidney cortex was respectively 10.0- and 5.6-fold greater than the specific radioactivity of plasma cholesterol. Cholesterol of the kidney medulla, by contrast, attained a specific radioactivity which was 20% and 10% less than that of plasma cholesterol. Parenteral administration of [2-14C]d,l-mevalonic acid to gerbils and to hamsters resulted in kidney cortical sterol specific radioactivities, 24 hr after the mevalonic acid had been given, which were, respectively, 34- and 18.7-fold greater than the specific radioactivity of liver cholesterol. Hamster kidney medullary cholesterol, at the same time interval attained a specific radioactivity 30% less than that of liver cholesterol. The apparent half life of the 14C-labeled kidney cortical sterols was 4.3 days in gerbils and 5.5 days in hamsters while the apparent h...
UREMIC TOXICITY CORRELATED WITH UNIDENTIFIED ANIONS.

SummaryIn 2 patients the central nervous signs and symptoms of uremia were associated with rising serum levels of unidentified anions, but not with parallel changes of other chemical or physiologic parameters.
Effect of stretch and pressure on stimulus formation in the dog's auricle.

SummaryStretching of the auricular muscle fibers during a tachycardia induced by aconitine leads to an increase of rate and to transient auricular fibrillation. Transient auricular fibrillation (or flutter) can be elicited by stretching during a period of 15-20 minutes after the aconitine arrhythmia has subsided and sinus rhythm prevails.Because there is much evidence that stretching changes impulse formation and not impulse conduction these results are believed to bring further evidence against the circus movement hypothesis.The experiments offer an explanation for the appearance of paroxysmal fibrillation induced by physical exertion.
Transpersonal Therapy: Accessing the Faith Factor for People with Disabilities

Transpersonal therapy involves the integration of the mind, body, and spirit through the transcendence of the limitations of physical awareness toward expanded states of mindfulness. It has also been described as the melding of religious and spiritual traditions with modern therapy techniques (Fukuyama & Sevig, 1999). The fundamental principal of this approach is that humans are more than physical; they are also spiritual (Smith, 1995). Spirituality and disability are intricately interrelated, yet spirituality is too often the missing link in therapy for people with disabilities (Boswell, Knight, & Hamer, 2001). Transpersonal therapy can be a useful strategy for therapists, pastoral counselors, social workers, and rehabilitation counselors to assist people with disabilities in exploring Benson's (1996) “faith factor.” The faith factor is a combination of the relaxation response and remembered wellness. Exploration of the faith factor, within a transpersonal framework, can facilitate the developme...
Psychopharmacological treatment of patients with HIV and AIDS.

Psychopharmacological treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS is an important aspect of managing distress and enhancing quality of life. This article reviews the psychopharmacological management of depression, anxiety, mania, and psychosis in the context of HIV/AIDS, with a discussion of psychotropic–antiretroviral drug interactions. While psychopharmacological management of HIV/AIDS patients may be complex, there is a substantial amount of clinical and research information describing both conventional and novel approaches that are safe and effective.
Maximum Profit Livestock Rations That Include Wheat

This article reports some results of a phase of work at Washington State University which was designed to estimate conditions under which wheat would be fed to livestock. The linear programming models developed for this study maximize returns net of feed costs by simultaneous selection of the animals to be fed and their rations. Solutions were obtained by parametrically varying wheat price. The "breakeven" prices for including wheat in the livestock rations ranged from $1.28 per bushel for lambs to $1.35 per bushel for fattening hogs, with those for yearling steers at $1.33 and sows at $1.30 per bushel. For substantial parts of the rations, wheat appears nearly perfectly substitutable with competitive feed grains. Changing the price of wheat from zero to its "breakeven" prices changes the marginal opportunity costs of the livestock fattening alternatives.
Implementing Partnership-driven Clinical Federated Electronic Health Record Data Sharing Networks

Objective Building federated data sharing architectures requires supporting a range of data owners, effective and validated semantic alignment between data resources, and consistent focus on end-users. Establishing these resources requires development methodologies that support internal validation of data extraction and translation processes, sustaining meaningful partnerships, and delivering clear and measurable system utility. We describe findings from two federated data sharing case examples that detail critical factors, shared outcomes, and production environment results.
Quantifying the Effects of Reduced Update Rate on Motor Performance and User Experience

We report two experiments that investigated the impact of reduced visual updating speed on users’ motor performance in a Fitts’-law task. The update rate of visual feedback was set between 10 and 30 Hz. In Experiment 1, the trials were blocked by update rate, allowing participants to get adapted to the reduced visual feedback. In Experiment 2, all trials of different update rates were intermixed and presented in random order. Both experiments found that movement time increased with decreasing update rate. Regression analyses revealed that the Fitts’-law model could be extended to accommodate the findings by including a multiplicative component of frame interval (reciprocal of update rate). The participants’ subjective experience reduced rapidly when the update rate was lower than 20 Hz, and the rating data could be modelled using movement time. The results were discussed in the context of implications for developing VR/AR applications.
Assessing the Reliability of Software: An Overview

In this overview we describe briefly several well known probability models for assessing the reliability of software. We motivate each model, discuss its pros and cons, and present statistical methods for estimating the model parameters. The paper concludes with a synopsis of some recent work which attempts to unify the models by looking at the software failure phenomenon as a counting process model.
ASSOCIATION OF EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS AND LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISEASES IN IMMUNE DEFICIENT PERSONS

Multiple immune responses ordinarily provide tight security against life-threatening Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced diseases. However, studies performed predominantly during the recent decade have demonstrated that individuals with acquired or inherited immune deficiency disorders are subject to life-threatening diseases related to EBV, The diseases seem to result depending on the type and degree of the immune deficiency and when the immune deficiency occurs with respect to primary infection by the virus. The X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) serves as a model demonstrating that immune deficient individuals can develop a spectrum of diseases including acquired agammaglobulinemia, aplastic anemia, red cell aplasia, or proliferative disorders such as chronic or fatal infectious mononucleosis, pseudolymphoma or malignant B cell lymphoma. Similarly, renal transplant recipients can develop a fatal infectious mononucleosis-like disease in young seronegative patients, whereas older individuals tend to show reactivation of virus and develop malignant lymphomas. Patients with AIDS have also developed EBV-carrying malignant lymphomas.
Platelet Gene/Protein Expression Analyses Using an Integrated Platform.

Molecular profiling strategies generally apply either transcriptomic or proteomic technologies for dissection of aberrant expression patterns between normal and diseased samples. Although studies in yeast ( S. cerevisiae ) demonstrate excellent concordance between gene/protein abundance, the lack of integrated comparisons using human systems prompted us to stringently dissect these relationships in a cellular model system (platelets) devoid of active transcriptional activity. Highly-purified platelets from four healthy donors were pooled for proteomic analyses which were completed in duplicate using tryptic digestion of 100 mg cytoplasmic fractions, followed by cation exchange liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (μLC-MS/MS). Spectral (peptide) counts were used as a semi-quantitative means of establishing protein abundance among normalized MS data sets, with excellent concordance between platelet runs (Spearman rank correlation r = 0.87, p in silico mathematical models (Pearson correlation r =0.96, p an integrated analytical platform incorporating both transcriptomic and proteomic databases considerably enhances efficiency of platelet protein detection, and when analyzed using highly-rigorous and novel methods that normalize for tryptic fragment number, there is significant correlation between gene/protein abundance, unrelated to ongoing transcriptional activity.
An Adaptive Parametrized-Background Data-Weak Approach to Variational Data Assimilation

We present an Adaptive Parametrized-Background Data-Weak (APBDW) approach to the steady-state variational data assimilation (state estimation) problem for systems modeled by partial differential equations. The variational formulation is based on the Tikhonov regularization of the PBDW formulation [Y. Maday, A.T. Patera, J.D. Penn and M. Yano, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng. 102 (2015) 933–965] for pointwise noisy measurements. We propose an adaptive procedure based on a posteriori estimates of the L 2 state-estimation error to improve performance. We also present a priori estimates for the L 2 state-estimation error that motivate the approach and guide the adaptive procedure. We provide numerical experiments for a synthetic acoustic problem to illustrate the different elements of the methodology, and we consider an experimental thermal patch configuration to demonstrate the applicability of our approach to real physical systems.
Internal Communication Strategies for Building Capacity Among Non-Inspectors

The Australian Federal Government’s premier environmental agency is undergoing a cultural transition from a department with primarily policy and program functions to adding extensive regulatory powers and responsibilities. To effect this transition and in addressing the highest area of risk, namely relating to the proper use of coercive powers and the adequate skill level of those using these powers, the department recently completed a training, certification, appointment and audit process for inspectorate personnel.The remaining risk in the department relates to a growing gap at the interface between policy and program non-inspectorate staff and staff engaged in inspectorate-type functions. The inspectorate staff includes managers and officers of policy areas with regulatory compliance responsibilities. The risk here is more diffuse and less immediately harmful than that for staff engaged in high level enforcement roles, and the policy officers and managers have their own remit and authority. As a result hierarchical, top-down prescriptive measures are considered neither fully justified nor appropriately effective.To reduce this risk, the Department is engaging in a targeted communicative process that encourages policy and program areas to participate in environmental regulation. The communicative process employs horizontal and informal continuous professional development through awareness sessions, internal training opportunities and networks: especially discipline-specific Communities of Practice.
The role of modifier cations in network cation coordination increases with pressure in aluminosilicate glasses and melts from 1 to 3 GPa

Previous studies have shown that both NBO content and modifier cation field strength play important roles in increasing the network cation coordination with increasing pressure. It has been observed in previous studies that the increase in average Al coordination with pressure in alkali aluminosilicates depends on NBO concentration, where large increases in Al coordination with pressure have been observed for compositions containing significant concentrations of NBO and little or no Al coordination increase observed in glasses containing negligible NBO at pressures ranging from 1 to 3 GPa. Similarly, in NBO rich aluminosilicates and aluminoborosilicates containing different modifier cations, it was reported that the increase in average Al coordination followed a steeper rise with increasing pressure in compositions containing higher field strength modifiers. In this study, we look at Ca- and Mg-aluminosilicate glasses across all three compositional regimes (peralkaline, metaluminous, and peraluminous) to study the effect of both oxygen speciation and modifier cation field strength on network cation coordination changes with pressure. Our study shows that in Mg aluminosilicate glasses (both peralkaline and metaluminous), the increase in average Al coordination can be quite large and show no significant impact from differences in oxygen speciation (NBO content). In contrast, in Ca-aluminosilicate glasses, the oxygen speciation has a notable impact with the average Al coordination following a steeper rise with increasing pressure in a peralkaline composition and less steep for a metaluminous composition.
First-principles studies of electronic, transport and bulk properties of pyrite FeS2

We present results from first principle, local density approximation (LDA) calculations of electronic, transport, and bulk properties of iron pyrite (FeS2). Our non-relativistic computations employed the Ceperley and Alder LDA potential and the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) formalism. The implementation of the LCAO formalism followed the Bagayoko, Zhao, and Williams (BZW) method, as enhanced by Ekuma and Franklin (BZW-EF). We discuss the electronic energy bands, total and partial densities of states, electron effective masses, and the bulk modulus. Our calculated indirect band gap of 0.959 eV (0.96), using an experimental lattice constant of 5.4166 A, at room temperature, is in agreement with the measured indirect values, for bulk samples, ranging from 0.84 eV to 1.03 ± 0.05 eV. Our calculated bulk modulus of 147 GPa is practically in agreement with the experimental value of 145 GPa. The calculated, partial densities of states reproduced the splitting of the Fe d bands to constitute the dom...
The effect of university research apprenticeships for high school students on Science, Math, Engineering, and Technology learning and the pursuit of Science, Math, Engineering, and Technology degrees and careers

The goal of this study is to examine whether participation in high school research apprenticeships increases pursuit of degrees and careers in science, and to explore other apprenticeship benefits. Students who participated in a research apprenticeship were surveyed about its influence on their undergraduate, graduate, and professional decisions. A control group who attended the same high schools, had similar grade point averages, and graduated with the apprenticeship participants was also surveyed. It was found that a significantly higher fraction of the apprenticeship group majored in Science, Math, Engineering, and Technology (STEM) fields, pursued careers in STEM disciplines, and found the experience to strategically influence their job performance.
Retracted: Extracting information based on partial or complete network data

General frameworks that works for all types of networks usually do not produce reliable results. The frame­work in question here is extracting information from large unknown networks encountered in the real world. Generally, researchers and operators work with incomplete data. Under­standing and particularly measuring a network’s structure is a complex problem, and there is no general reliable way of measuring the structure in order to compare networks. In this research we present heuristic methods to gather information from a given network. We introduce an algorithm to place those monitors according to betweenness, closeness, degree and a new centrality called 2-hop centrality.
Modeling Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv In Silico

Network reconstructions and constraint-based modeling have been shown to be effective methods for understanding complex processes, such as metabolism. These reconstructions are in fact biologically structured knowledge-bases that can be queried through computations, and thus have become valuable tools for Systems Biology. Strengths of this approach include flexibility in incorporating “incomplete” data measurements, the ability to incorporate different types of data (high-throughput as well as physiological), simultaneously, as well as the ability to make predictions with minimal reliance on parameter and curve fitting. Thus, this approach aims to move away from fitting data to describe experimental results using the current understanding of metabolism in order to interpret the data, make predictions, and to identify the gaps and bridges in knowledge.
Multiple model-based controller design applied to an electrochemical batch reactor

This study demonstrates the control of an electrochemical batch reactor, that produces the desired product in a competing chemical/electrochemical reaction network, using a multiple model-based controller design. Since this type of control framework requires a process model to provide predictions of the controlled variables, and because batch reactors are highly nonlinear and nonstationary in nature, a bank of linear, dynamic, state-space models rather than a single, linear state-space or convolution model is developed to represent the nonstationary behaviour of the batch process. It is shown that the performance of this model/controller design can provide good reactor performance in the face of known disturbances.
Porting Applications with OpenMP Using Similarity Analysis

Computer architecture has undergone dramatic changes due to technology innovation. Some emerging architectures, such as GPUs and MICs also have been successfully used for parallel computation in the today’s HPC field. Nowadays, people frequently have to port application to a new architecture or system and to expand its functionality for a better performance while in the meantime to meet the new hardware environment need. However, many scientific application legacy codes have a relative large size and long development cycle, so it’s a very challenging job to port legacy codes to a new environment. And current codes porting process is a manual, time-consuming, expensive and error-prone process, which requires a team of people work together. Barely any useful tools can be used to ease the porting process in High Performance Computing (HPC). In this paper, we present a tool called Klonos, which is designed for assisting scientific application porting. Based on similarity analysis of code syntax and cost-model provided metrics, we are able to find codes which can be optimized similarly without the need of profiling the codes. The proposed porting plan can systematically guide users for selecting subroutines in a way which maximizes the reuse of similar porting strategy. We evaluate Klonos by applying it to a real scientific application porting to a shared memory environment using OpenMP. According to our experiment result, which shows that Klonos is very accurate to detect similar codes which can be ported similarly.
Rap1 GTPase promotes coordinated collective cell migration in vivo.

Cells that migrate in collectives need to stay coupled together and coordinate their motility. The mechanisms underlying these processes are poorly understood. Here balanced levels of Rap1 activity...
Artificial neural network-based prediction of field permeability of hot mix asphalt pavement layers

Field permeability of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) needs to be controlled to prevent excessive ingress of water into asphalt pavements, which leads to premature failure. Existing literature shows scatter ...