cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The role of the amino-terminal domain of tachykinins in neurokinin-1 receptor signaling and desensitization.

Abstract Neurokinin A (NKA) has previously been shown to be a full agonist of the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) but is only able to cause partial homologous desensitization of the receptor compared to substance P (SP). NKA and SP share the same amino acid sequence at their C-terminal active site domains but differ in structure at their N-terminal domains. These observations have led to the proposal that the N-terminal domains of tachykinin peptides affect the desensitization but not the agonist activities of the peptides. Some of the preprotachykinin proteins contain SP and the NKA-like tachykinins neuropeptide K (NPK) and neuropeptide γ (NPγ), which contain NKA at their C-terminals and are N-terminally extended. In this study, the abilities of NKA, NPK, and NPγ to stimulate NK-1R second messenger (IP 3 ) signaling and rapid homologous desensitization of the NK-1R were examined. In addition, a similar analysis was performed using several nonmammalian tachykinin peptides in order to obtain additional insight into the role of the tachykinin N-terminal domain in these NK-1R functions. NPK and NPγ were found, like NKA, to be full agonists of rat NK-1R IP 3 signaling but, unlike NKA, were also able to cause full rapid homologous desensitization of the receptor. The extended N-terminal domains of NPK and NPγ thus increase the desensitization activities of these NKA-like peptides. Of the nonmammalian tachykinins tested, all were full agonists but kassinin and eledoisin had only partial homologous desensitization activity, suggesting that the N-terminal structures of these peptides also differentially affect agonist versus desensitization activities of the NK-1R.
Andreas Riis: a lifetime of colonial drama

This article traces the adventures of Andreas Riis, a missionary assigned to the Gold Coast (West Africa) by the Basel Mission in the nineteenth century, as a narrative of landscapes, local inhabitants and power to show the complexity of missionary discourse. Various unpublished documents from the Basel Mission Archive in Switzerland show how Riis set himself as paradigm of a superior culture in possession of modernity and exportable European values capable of engendering and trivializing landscapes in terms of racial and ideological representation of otherness. This paper is not intended for an audience of contextual Bible study but for those interested in critical reading of missionary history where imagination triumphed over realities and situates Riis within the genre of travel writing. Institute of African Studies: Research Review 2005, Vol. 21(1): 29-44
Security, Bargaining, and the End of Interstate Rivalry

I examine how security concerns affect if and when interstate rivals end their rivalries by settling their outstanding differences over important issues and ceasing to threaten each other militarily. I argue that when leaders are simultaneously willing to accept some offered settlement, a rivalry will end, and argue that security concerns affect this willingness to accept different bargains. I hypothesize that external threats to the security of the rivals should increase leaders' willingness to accept given offers, increasing the probability that a rivalry will end, while high-salience issues should make it less likely that a rivalry will end. However, neither the dyadic power balance nor the occurrence of war between rivals should affect rivalry termination. I propose a new operationalization of rivalries and their termination which centers on disputed issues. In a statistical analysis of rivalries from 1816 to 1988, I find that external military threats and low issue salience do positively affect the probability that rivalries will end, and that the dyadic balance of power, the occurrence of war, and bipolarity do not affect rivalry duration.
How Family Members Respond to Residents' Wish to Die

Living and dying are inextricably associated in nursing homes. It is not unusual for old nursing home residents to express a wish to die. This article examines interwoven patterns of family responses to resident's wish to die. As part of a multi-site ethnographic study of bereavement in long-term care, we analyzed themes in audio-transcribed in-depth qualitative interviews with 20 family members in two religiously and culturally diverse nursing homes. Rooted in the contexts of the nursing home, the family system, and the socio-cultural milieu, three patterns of family responses emerged: avoidance, disconfirmation, and acceptance of the wish to die. The family members' responses reflect their efforts to make meaning of the resident's wish both for the resident and for themselves. Rather than viewing the wish to die as a symptom of mental health problems, they perceive it as reflecting the existential situation of the resident.
The pseudorestrictive pattern of transmitral Doppler flow pattern after conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm: Is atrial or ventricular dysfunction to blame?

Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) who have recently converted from AF to sinus rhythm often exhibit a restrictive Doppler pattern in the transmitral flow (TMF) velocity. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon has not been well defined. We evaluated the temporal change of TMF pattern and hemodynamics after conversion of AF to in sinus rhythm in an animal model. Eight open-chest dogs underwent 3 hours of pacing-induced AF. TMF velocities and pressure data were acquired at baseline (sinus rhythm), immediately after conversion of AF, and every 10 minutes thereafter. Early diastolic TMF velocity was increased immediately after conversion and recovered to the baseline value in 20 minutes. Atrial systolic TMF velocity was reduced after AF and recovered to baseline value in 20 to 30 minutes. Early diastolic/atrial systolic TMF velocity was increased after conversion, and recovered to baseline value in 20 to 30 minutes. The mean left atrial (LA) pressure increased immediately, 10 and 20 minutes after the conversion of AF to sinus rhythm. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was increased and positive left ventricular dP/dt and tau were decreased immediately after AF, whereas they recovered within 10 minutes. In conclusion, a pseudorestrictive pattern of TMF after AF occurred as a result of transient LA mechanical functional impairment and increased LA pressure caused by LA stunning. Transient left ventricular diastolic dysfunction also effected the TMF velocity immediately after the conversion from AF to sinus rhythm, although it recovered faster than LA mechanical dysfunction.
Neutron-induced noise in junction field-effect transistors

A modified depletion-layer generation-recombination (g-r) noise theory is given for defects with energy levels away from the middle of the band gap. Measurements are presented on JFET's irradiated with neutrons. The g-r noise spectra of these indicate that five distinct defects are introduced; the results are explained with the modified theory.
From Soil to Structure, a Novel Dimeric β-Glucosidase Belonging to Glycoside Hydrolase Family 3 Isolated from Compost Using Metagenomic Analysis

A recent metagenomic analysis sequenced a switchgrass-adapted compost community to identify enzymes from microorganisms that were specifically adapted to switchgrass under thermophilic conditions. These enzymes are being examined as part of the pretreatment process for the production of "second-generation" biofuels. Among the enzymes discovered was JMB19063, a novel three-domain β-glucosidase that belongs to the GH3 (glycoside hydrolase 3) family. Here, we report the structure of JMB19063 in complex with glucose and the catalytic variant D261N crystallized in the presence of cellopentaose. JMB19063 is first structure of a dimeric member of the GH3 family, and we demonstrate that dimerization is required for catalytic activity. Arg-587 and Phe-598 from the C-terminal domain of the opposing monomer are shown to interact with bound ligands in the D261N structure. Enzyme assays confirmed that these residues are absolutely essential for full catalytic activity.
Sur les solutions périodiques du mouvement plan de libration des satellites et des planètes

Ce papier presente une etude analytique du mouvement plan de rotation des satellites (et des planetes) dans leurs mouvements orbitaux. Les trois familles des solution periodiques sont obtenues par la methode du prolongement analytique de Poincare. Ensuite, la stabilite de ces solutions periodiques est discutee, et les equations approchees des courbes limites de stabilite sont donnees jusqu'au quatrieme ordre.
The spit and image: a psychoanalytic dissection of a colloquial expression.

"He is the spit of his father" or "he is the spit and image of his father" is a colloquial expression that has graced informal English for many centuries. When a "spitting image" made an entrance in the manifest content of an analysand's dream, it became possible to add a psychoanalytic point of view to an etymological and anthropological record. After discussing both this clinical case and an "anthropological case history, " the author examines the subtle but complex genesis of this colloquial expression from a speculative applied psychoanalytic perspective.
Pulsed laser deposition and photoluminescence measurements of ZnO thin films on flexible polyimide substrates

Abstract In order to assess the potential of zinc oxide (ZnO) in flexible electronics applications, we created continuous ZnO films on polymeric substrates for evaluation of structural and optical properties. Specifically, we have used pulsed laser deposition to deposit ZnO films with thickness of several microns on flexible free-standing polyimide substrates. A KrF excimer laser (248 nm) operated at fluences of 3.0–6.2 J/cm2 was used. ZnO films were deposited at temperatures between room temperature and 300 °C under O2 atmosphere at a pressure of 50 Pa. Good flexibility characterizes the obtained layers and X-ray diffraction measurements show that films present all reflections of hexagonal ZnO. We discuss luminescence measurements on the films in relation to the complex interface phenomena expected in our samples.
Defining the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in cancer biology and therapeutics

Adaptation of cancer cells to their microenvironment is an important driving force in the clonal selection that leads to invasive and metastatic disease. O2 concentrations are markedly reduced in many human cancers compared with normal tissue, and a major mechanism mediating adaptive responses to reduced O2 availability (hypoxia) is the regulation of transcription by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms by which HIF-1 contributes to cancer progression, focusing on (1) clinical data associating increased HIF-1 levels with patient mortality; (2) preclinical data linking HIF-1 activity with tumor growth; (3) molecular data linking specific HIF-1 target gene products to critical aspects of cancer biology and (4) pharmacological data showing anticancer effects of HIF-1 inhibitors in mouse models of human cancer.
A Scalable Architecture for On-Chip Compression: Options and Trade-Offs

The increasing focus on better Quality of Silicon (QoS) and relentless pressure on the cost of test has brought on-chip test data compression technologies to the forefront. QoS considerations and device complexity have driven up the cost of test by the adoption of test methods that require significant higher test data volume, such as transition tests, to detect small delay defects. On-chip compression is then used to effectively reduce the cost of test by combining the deterministic nature of ATPG with the data compression capability of certain Logic BIST structures.
Pervasive Fabrication: Making Construction Ubiquitous in Education

The notion of "pervasive computing" has traditionally been identified with a focus on what might be called "pervasive processing". This paper, in contrast, argues that the notion of pervasive computing can be profitably extended to accommodate the burgeoning potential of educational fabrication. We present several projects under way in our lab-projects that illustrate how fabrication devices can be employed in educational settings. We then use these examples to motivate a broader discussion of scenarios for "pervasive fabrication" in education
Effects of diurnal temperature range on adult size and emergence times from diapausing pupae in Papilio glaucus and P. canadensis (Papilionidae)

With recent climate warming trends, both the increase in thermal variance (i.e., diurnal temperature range; DTR) as well as increased mean temperature may impact many different organisms, especially poikilothermic invertebrates. Predictions of insect developmental rates using degree-days (thermal unit accumulations above the developmental base threshold of the insect) are based on daily mean temperatures, regardless of DTR. However, non-linearity and variance in the means and extremes are often ignored. The role of thermal variance (e.g., daily temperature extremes and DTR) was evaluated experimentally for two swallowtail butterfly sister species using a common day/night photoperiod of 18: 6 h photo: scoto-phase and corresponding daytime thermophase and nighttime cryophase periods of 22: 22°C (constant 22°C), 24: 16°C, and 26: 10°C (all three treatments had the same daily mean and the same degree-day accumulations). Although developmental rates of post-diapause pupae were largely unaffected for both species, our results show that sizes in P. canadensis females (but not males) were smaller in the treatments with more variance (26°C: 10°C) compared to constant 22°C. Such potentially significant impacts of size reduction in P. canadensis females were not observed in P. glaucus males or females under the same series of thermo-period treatments.
Verrucomicrobia Are Candidates for Polysaccharide-Degrading Bacterioplankton in an Arctic Fjord of Svalbard

In Arctic marine bacterial communities, members of the phylum Verrucomicrobia are consistently detected, although not typically abundant, in 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and pyrotag surveys of the marine water column and in sediments. In an Arctic fjord (Smeerenburgfjord) of Svalbard, members of the Verrucomicrobia, together withFlavobacteria and smaller proportions of Alpha- andGammaproteobacteria, constituted the most frequently detected bacterioplankton community members in 16S rRNA gene-based clone library analyses of the water column. Parallel measurements in the water column of the activities of six endo-acting polysaccharide hydrolases showed that chondroitin sulfate, laminarin, and xylan hydrolysis accounted for most of the activity. SeveralVerrucomicrobia water column phylotypes were affiliated with previously sequenced, glycoside hydrolaserich genomes of individual Verrucomicrobia cells that boundfluorescently labeled laminarin and xylan and therefore constituted candidates for laminarin and xylan hydrolysis. In sediments, the bacterial community was dominated by different lineages of Verrucomicrobia,Bacteroidetes, andProteobacteria but also included members of multiple phylum-level lineages not observed in the water column. This community hydrolyzed laminarin, xylan, chondroitin sulfate, and three additional polysaccharide substrates at high rates. Comparisons with data from the same fjord in the previous summer showed that the bacterial community in Smeerenburgfjord changed in composition, most conspicuously in the changing detection frequency of Verrucomicrobia in the water column. Nonetheless, in both years the community hydrolyzed the same polysaccharide substrates.
Enhanced murine antigen-specific gamma interferon and immunoglobulin G2a responses by using mycobacterial ESAT-6 sequences in DNA vaccines.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein ESAT-6 has unusual immune stimulating activities, has been implicated in the recall of long-lived immunity, and induces protection against tuberculosis in mice. For many diseases caused by bacterial or viral pathogens, a strong cell-mediated immune (i.e., type 1) response is often required for recovery or protection. Therefore, it is important to design immunization regimens that induce agent-specific type 1 immunity. We have shown in previous studies that ESAT-6 could enhance antigen-specific type 1 immune responses in BALB/c mice against a second antigen when presented as a purified fusion protein. It was also of interest to determine if ESAT-6 could enhance the type 1 response against a second antigen beyond that afforded by DNA vaccination through CpG motifs. This was tested by using gene fusions of ESAT-6 and the Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae surface antigen P71. Modified P71 gene sequences were cloned with or without ESAT-6 sequences into a DNA vaccine vector and were used to immunize mice. Splenic lymphocytes from vaccinated mice were tested for gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion. Serum antibodies were examined for P71 antigen-specific isotype responses. When stimulated in vitro with purified P71 antigen, splenocytes from the ESAT-6:P71 vaccinates secreted higher levels of IFN-γ and lower levels of IL-10 compared to those of vaccinates receiving the P71 construct alone. Furthermore, the immunoglobulin G2a serum antibody levels were significantly higher in the ESAT-6:P71 vaccinates compared to those of the vaccinates receiving P71 alone. In conclusion, ESAT-6 was shown to enhance antigen-specific type 1 immune responses in BALB/c mice when used in DNA vaccines.
Electron Cryo-Microscopy Studies of Helminthosporium victoriae Virus 190S.

The parasitic nature of viruses is a source of intense interest owing to the wide variety of potential hosts, which include humans, livestock, fungi, agricultural crops, as well as many others [1]. Viruses are differentiated by variations in properties such as size, capsid morphology, genomic composition, replication strategy, and host target [1, 2]. The family Totiviridae of dsRNA viruses is characterized by virions with a non-segmented dsRNA genome that infect yeast, smut, filamentous fungi, protozoa and shrimp [2–4]. The subject of this study, Helminthosporium victoriae virus 190S (HvV190S) was discovered in 1978 in the filamentous fungus Helminthosporium victoriae (H. victoriae) [2,4]. Virions have a capsid with a smooth outer surface and a maximum diameter of ~400 A. The single dsRNA genome segment codes for two viral proteins: coat protein (CP, 81 kDa) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp, 92 kDa) [2–4]. We used the methods of electron cryo-microscopy (cryoEM) and 3D image reconstruction to examine the native structure of three types of HvV190S particles. These included (i) virions, (ii) capsids+RdRp (lacks the dsRNA genome but contains the RdRp), and (iii) empty capsids (devoid of dsRNA and RdRp). Small aliquots (3.5 μl) of purified samples were applied to support films made of continuous carbon that had been glow-discharged for 20 sec. in an Emitech K950X evaporator and the grids were then plunge vitrified in an FEI Mark III Vitrobot. Micrographs were recorded on Kodak SO-163 electron image film using an FEI Polara Microscope operated at 200kV under minimal dose conditions (24 e-/A2) and at nominal magnifications of 39,000X and 59,000X (Fig. 1A–C). Micrographs were digitized on a Nikon 8100 microdensitometer at step size of 6.35 μm (corresponds to 1.076 and 1.628 A/pixel at the specimen for the two respective magnifications). Program ctffind3 was used to estimate the defocus of each micrograph and all other image processing and reconstruction steps were carried out using the programs AUTO3DEM and RobEM [6 – 8]. Fig. 1 Cryoelectron micrographs of unstained, vitreous HvV190S (a) virions, (b) capsid+RdRp, and (c) empty capsids. Cryoelectron micrographs show particles to have a smooth outer surface and a relatively thin capsid shell. Preliminary cryo-reconstructions of the three different types of HvV190S particle, computed at respective resolutions of 7.4A, 9.8A, and 7.8A, reveal closely similar capsid structures (Fig. 2) and four well-defined, concentric rings of density attributed to the dsRNA genome in the virion (Fig. 2B). Difference map analysis reveals that although most of the CP subunit remains rigid in the three particles, small portions of the subunit do change conformation in response to the presence or absence of genome and/or RdRp. Fig. 2 (A) Radially color-cued surface representation of the HvV190S virion with the inner most portion of the outer capsid surface rendered orange and higher radial features transitioning from dark blue to light blue and then white. Surface features on the ...
Hairless suppresses vitamin D receptor transactivation in human keratinocytes.

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and its ligand 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] are required for normal keratinocyte differentiation. Both the epidermis and the hair follicle are disrupted in VDR-null mice. Hairless (Hr), a presumptive transcription factor with no known ligand, when mutated, disrupts hair follicle cycling similar to the effects of VDR mutations. Hr, like VDR, is found in the nuclei of keratinocytes in both epidermis and hair follicle. To investigate the potential interaction between Hr and VDR on keratinocyte differentiation, we examined the effect of Hr expression on vitamin D-responsive genes in normal human keratinocytes. Inhibition of Hr expression in keratinocytes potentiated the induction of vitamin D-responsive genes, including involucrin, transglutaminase, phospholipase C-γ1, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase (24-hydroxylase) by 1,25(OH)2D3. Overexpression of Hr in human keratinocytes suppressed the induction of these vitamin D-responsive genes by 1,25(OH)2D3. Coimmunoprec...
Household exposure to passive cigarette smoking and serum micronutrient concentrations

Background The associations observed between passive smoking and adverse health outcomes have generated controversy. In part, this could be because the diets of passive smokers, like those of active smokers, differ from those of persons who are not exposed to cigarette smoke, especially with regard to antioxidants. Objective Our objective was to assess the relation between household exposure to passive smoking and serum concentrations of retinol, tocopherols, and carotenoids. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted in Washington County, MD, to compare exposure to passive smoking at home, recorded in a private census of county residents in 1975, with micronutrient concentrations assayed in serum collected in 1974. This comparison was possible for 1590 control subjects in nested case-control studies conducted between 1986 and 1998. Results Among persons who were not current smokers, those who lived with smokers tended to have lower serum total carotenoid, alpha-carotene, ss-carotene, and cryptoxanthin concentrations than did those who lived in households with no smokers. There was little evidence that exposure to passive smoking was associated with reduced serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin, lycopene, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, or gamma-tocopherol. Conclusions Among nonsmokers, exposure to passive smoking tended to be associated with lower serum concentrations of the carotenoids most strongly associated with active smoking (total carotenoids, alpha-carotene, ss-carotene, and cryptoxanthin). The associations were weaker for passive smoking than for active smoking. The consistency of the associations observed for active and passive smoking indicates that exposure to passive smoking may result in decreased circulating concentrations of selected micronutrients.
Cell-Permeable, Small-Molecule Activators of the Insulin-Degrading Enzyme

The insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) cleaves numerous small peptides, including biologically active hormones and disease-related peptides. The propensity of IDE to degrade neurotoxic Aβ peptides marks IDE as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer disease. Using a synthetic reporter based on the yeast a-factor mating pheromone precursor, which is cleaved by multiple IDE orthologs, we identified seven small molecules that stimulate rat IDE activity in vitro. Half-maximal activation of IDE by the compounds is observed in vitro in the range of 43 to 198 µM. All compounds decrease the K(m) of IDE. Four compounds activate IDE in the presence of the competing substrate insulin, which disproportionately inhibits IDE activity. Two compounds stimulate rat IDE activity in a cell-based assay, indicating that they are cell permeable. The compounds demonstrate specificity for rat IDE since they do not enhance the activities of IDE orthologs, including human IDE, and they appear specific for a-factor-based reporters since they do not enhance rat IDE-mediated cleavage of Aβ-based reporters. Our results suggest that IDE activators function in the context of specific enzyme-substrate pairs, indicating that the choice of substrate must be considered in addition to target validation in IDE activator screens.
Experimental study of the multichanneling self-break section of the rimfire switch

Many accelerators at Sandia National Laboratories utilize the Rimfire gas switch for high-voltage, high-power switching. In addition, there are many multichannel closing switches used in pulsed power applications. This paper presents a study of the multichanneling section of the Rimfire switch. The electrical effects of multichanneling and a method to force multichanneling are presented. In addition, an objective curve fitting method is utilized to deduce switch inductance from the measured data.
Design criteria for developing an automated live-bird transfer system

Presents the design criteria for developing machines to automate the process of transferring single live birds from a moving conveyor onto a processing line without causing damage or stress. The process includes inserting both legs of the bird into a shackle, then flipping and hanging the bird for subsequent processing. Unlike the traditional articulated robotic arm where the actuations are applied directly through the joint angles, the legs of a live object can only be manipulated indirectly. In addition, natural objects are typically characterized by varying sizes and shapes in batch processing and their natural reflexes (or voluntary motion) contribute to the overall dynamics. Specifically, the paper illustrates the operating principles of the transfer system and describes the method for manipulating the leg kinematics for shackling. The design criteria have been verified experimentally with live broilers (meat chickens) in a realistic environment. It is expected that the analytical model presented will provide an essential basis for the design, analysis, and control of the transfer mechanism.
Quantitative morphologic evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging during and after treatment of childhood leukemia

Introduction Medical advances over the last several decades, including CNS prophylaxis, have greatly increased survival in children with leukemia. As survival rates have increased, clinicians and scientists have been afforded the opportunity to further develop treatments to improve the quality of life of survivors by minimizing the long-term adverse effects. When evaluating the effect of antileukemia therapy on the developing brain, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been the preferred modality because it quantifies morphologic changes objectively and noninvasively.
HYALOMYODES TRIANGULIFER (DIPTERA: TACHINIDAE) PARASITIZES ADULTS OF RHINOCYLLUS CONICUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)

Rhinocyllus conicus Froelich was introduced from Europe into Canada and the United States for the biological control of Carduus thistles (Kok 1981). Although several reports indicate that the larval and pupal stages of R. conicus are parasitized by native hymenopterous parasites (Dowd and Kok 1982; Puttler et al. 1978; Rees 1977; Surles 1974) and by mites (Goeden and Ricker 1977) in the USA, no native parasite attacking eggs or adults of R. conicus has ever been reported. However, in 1981 and 1982, flies emerged from puparia formed beside field collected adult R. conicus which were maintained in the laboratory. Three specimens were obtained and identified as Hyalomyodes triangulifer (Loew) (Diptera: Tachinidae). This is the first native nearctic parasite known to attack adult R. conicus.
Triazine adsorption by saponite and beidellite clay minerals

We investigated the sorption of three triazine herbicides (atrazine, simazine, and metribuzin) by saponite and beidellite clay minerals saturated with K+, Cs+, Na+, and Ca2+. Saponite clay sorbed a larger fraction of each pesticide from aqueous solution than did beidellite clay. The lower cation-exchange capacity in saponite compared to that in beidellite presumably results in a less crowded interlayer, with more siloxane surface being available for adsorption. Generally, Cs-saturated clays sorbed more triazines than did clays saturated by K+, Na+, or Ca2+. We attribute this to the smaller hydrated radius of Cs+, which again increases the siloxane surface that is available for sorption. Furthermore, the relatively weak hydration of Cs+ reduces the swelling of clay interlayers, thus making sorption domains less hydrated and more receptive to hydrophobic molecules. The Cs-saponite manifested a sorption of more than 1% atrazine by weight above equilibrium concentrations of 6 mg/L, which to our knowledge is the largest sorption of neutral atrazine from water yet reported for an inorganic sorbent. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that atrazine interacts both with clay basal planes and with multiple cations in the clay interlayer.
Aldosterone excretion in feces of rats treated with estradiol.

In an attempt to elucidate whether or not prolonged administration of estrogens increases the production of aldosterone- like substances, male rats were injected daily with 0.1 mg of estradiol-17β dipropionate subcutaneously. A material extracted from feces was shown to behave like aldosterone in different paper chromatographic systems and to give an infrared spectrum compatible with that of aldosterone. However, it should be borne in mind that the spectrophotometric method used for quantitative estimation does not offer complete certainty that the material under study is aldosterone; hence the term aldosterone is used with due reservation. During the period of aldosterone study (2-5 weeks of estrogen treatment) aldosterone excretion underwent an average increment of 70% in the group treated with estrogen. At the termination of the experiment, it was found that the adrenal corticosterone concentration was increased several-fold in estrogentreated animals. The blood glucose tolerance curve indicated conser...
Private Benefit and the Unanswered Questions from Redlands

In this report, Jones examines some of the questions left unanswered by the decision in Redlands Surgical Services v. Commissioner.
Cx40 and Cx43 expression ratio influences heteromeric/ heterotypic gap junction channel properties.

In cells that coexpress connexin (Cx)40 and Cx43, the ratio of expression can vary depending on the cellular environment. We examined the effect of changing Cx40:Cx43 expression ratio on functional...
Cigarette smoking and p300 amplitude in adults: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE To determine the association between chronic tobacco cigarette smoking and P300 amplitude. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. DATA SOURCES Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsychInfo, and Web of Science. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Eligible studies contained P300 amplitudes obtained from either visual or auditory stimuli and standard deviations or errors in female and male subjects older than 18 years in a group of nonabstaining chronic cigarette smokers and a nonsmoking control group. RESULTS The 9 eligible studies comprised 13 relevant datasets containing 1,956 current cigarette smokers and 2,194 nonsmoking controls (N = 4,150). The P300 amplitude was smaller in cigarette smokers than in nonsmoking controls (Hedges' g effect size = .365; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.196-0.534, p < .001). Meta-regression showed significant positive associations between the number of cigarettes smoked per day at the time of the study (slope estimate = .036, 95% CI = 0.016-0.056, p ≤ .001, length of smoking in years (slope estimate = .056, 95% CI = 0.005-0.102, p = .018), pack years (slope estimate = .018, 95% CI = 0.009-0.031 p = .009), and age (slope estimate = .068, 95% CI = 0.025-0.113, p = .002). CONCLUSIONS P300 amplitude was smaller in cigarette smokers than in nonsmoking controls, and a possible dose-response relationship was apparent. Findings indicate a possible association between cigarette smoking and decreased P300 amplitude.
The understanding of the development of high-tech industry

This article first defines several concepts concerning the developncent of high tech industry. Then it sets forth the new features about it in the 21st century. Compared with the developed countries, there still exists some problems in our country. Finally, it puts forward some countermeasures according to our reality,mainly these points: industry policy, the new ideas in technology and industry structure, etc.
DFT Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Li

INTRODUCTIONUsing first principle Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations of both the crystalline and amorphous phases of β-Li3PS4, the cause of high conductivity of Li+ ions in the amorphous phase is explored. β-Li3PS4 and other lithium thiosulphates are promising electrolytes for all solid-state batteries, even in their amorphous phases. However, the high conductivity in the amorphous phase is not understood. This research aims to predict conductivity in amorphous electrolytes by comparing diffusion in the crystalline and amorphous phases of a known conductor. METHODOLOGYThis project uses first principle DFT simulations to simulate diffusion paths in the β-Li3PS4 solid electrolyte and its amorphous analog. These simulations are done using the planewave DFT in the Quantum ESPRESSO[1] package, with a 128 atom supercell for the crystalline phase and a 640 atom amorphous electrolyte. By varying different factors such as, cell volume and temperature and lattice disorder, we were able to compare and understand the diffusion of Li+. RESULTS and DISCUSSIONIn this research, we aim to improve conductivity in amorphous and crystalline electrolytes by simulating the lithium ion diffusion pathways in lithium thiophosphates. The structure of the unit cell is shown in Fig. 1[2]. The data is analyzed to identify the following effects on lithium ion diffusion: Covalent-type bonding between Li+ and the anion sub-lattice The disorder within the cell, from local disorder to the full amorphous phaseLithium ion motion correlations The results presented will be molecular dynamics of both amorphous and crystalline structures of β-Li3PS4. Comparison of local structure and diffusion pathways in the amorphous and crystalline phase, in particular the effect of covalent bonding and correlated Li+ motion. [1] P. Giannozzi, et al J.Phys.:Condens.Matter, 21, 395502 (2009) http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/21/39/395502 . (BibTeX format). [2] VMD- Visual Molecular Dynamics. Computer software. Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group. Vers. 1.9.2. Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, n.d. Web. 13 Apr. 2016.Figure 1
Mate value both positively and negatively predicts intentions to commit an infidelity

As a socially monogamous species, humans generally have one committed romantic partner at a time, but sometimes engage in infidelity. Previous research has related infidelity to individual difference traits, including global assessments of “mate value” (relative value as a romantic partner on the “mating market”). We explored the extent to which one's intention to commit an infidelity is uniquely predicted by different components of mate value. The results confirm a negative relationship between one's overall mate value and one's intention to commit an infidelity, and also identify four distinct mate value components (agreeableness/commitment, surgency, emotional stability, and physical attractiveness) that uniquely predict infidelity intention. Two of these factors, surgency (for women) and agreeableness/commitment (for men), positively predict anticipated infidelity. Additionally, the results indicate that men's but not women's infidelity intention is better predicted by the combination of their own and their partner's mate value. Discussion includes interpretations of the results in terms of potential social or personal advancement.
P110 – 2513: Kingella kingae cerebral abscesses secondary to endocarditis following chickenpox: A case report

Introduction Kingella kingae endocarditis is an extremely rare but severe infection in childhood which may occur following chickenpox. It is associated with neurological complications and high morbidity, especially if not recognised promptly. Case A previously healthy 11 month old boy presented very unwell with fever and lethargy 7 days after the development of chickenpox. He was covered with IV ceftriaxone for suspected secondary bacterial sepsis. As he improved with the antibiotics, he was noted to have asymmetrical crawling with extension of his right leg. A soft grade 1/6 murmur was present on examination. Brain MRI demonstrated multiple bilateral cerebral abscesses, which appeared embolic in nature. CSF analysis was normal but blood cultures isolated the growth of Kingella kingae. An urgent cardiac ECHO revealed a large embolic mitral valve vegetation requiring rapid surgical intervention. His immunodeficiency screen was unremarkable. He is now neurologically back to his normal self but has significant residual mitral valve regurgitation, and remains under cardiac surveillance. Discussion Kingella kingae is a gram negative bacillus which is part of the normal upper respiratory tract flora. Pathogenic cases are starting to be identified over recent times, especially in children. The risk of severe bacterial infections following chickenpox has been established in literature previously. Endocarditis is a rare complication of Kingella and there are less than 10 reported cases in literature of Kingella endocarditis affecting a native valve in children under the age of 2 years. The detection of Kingella in the bloodstream should therefore never be discounted without further investigations. Conclusion Our case highlights the importance of recognising Kingella kingae endocarditis in a child presenting with fever and neurological complications following recent chickenpox. A cardiac ECHO should be considered despite normal cardiac examination to look specifically for endocarditis secondary to this pathogen, and urgent management tailored accordingly.
Pride and Progress? 30 Years of ACPA and NASPA LGBTQ Presentations.

The purpose of this article is to examine themes of campus climate, LGBTQ identity construction, and visibility within LGBTQ presentations at ACPA and NASPA national conferences over the last 30 years. The authors frame their analysis utilizing prominent LGBT and queer issues scholarship in higher education research. Findings demonstrate the role that ACPA and NASPA maintain in supporting LGBTQ communities and topics, and point to important implications for student affairs conferences and professional practice.
Gastric plexiform schwannoma in association with neurofibromatosis type 2

Plexiform schwannoma (PS) is an uncommon variant of schwannoma characterized by a multinodular (plexiform) growth pattern. It comprises up to 5 % of all schwannomas. The association between PS and neurofibromatosis type 1 or type 2 (NF1/NF2) is only rarely reported. Most cases of PS occur in the skin and subcutaneous soft tissue, with only a few reports of digestive tract involvement. We describe an 18-year-old male with NF2 who had bilateral vestibular schwannomas and multiple cutaneous PSs, and a 3-year history of abdominal pain. The patient ultimately underwent a distal gastrectomy for a partially obstructing submucosal antral mass, associated with an overlying ulcer. Histopathologic examination showed the mass to be a PS. The patient is alive and well, without symptoms, 12 months postoperatively. A review of the English language medical literature yielded only ten examples of PS arising in the digestive tract. Our patient is the first to be reported to have a gastric PS, and only the second patient to be reported with a digestive tract PS to have NF2, and the only patient reported to have both digestive tract and cutaneous PSs. Despite its rare occurrence with NF2, the finding of PS at any site should stimulate an examination for other manifestations of this disorder. Clinical Trial Registration: None.
Pareto fronts for coils' efficiency versus stray magnetic field in inductive power transfer

Coils' efficiency and stray magnetic field should be optimized together when designing coils for inductive power transfer. Multi-objective optimization using Pareto front is a suitable method. It also provides a straightforward and accurate insight of the relationship between coils' efficiency and stray magnetic field since all the solutions along the fronts are optimized structures. In this paper, Pareto fronts for coils' efficiency versus stray magnetic field are used to design coils and investigate efficiency-field relationship for inductive power transfer with different air gaps between transmitter and receiver coils. Procedure to derive the Pareto fronts based on parametric sweep in finite element simulation is also demonstrated. Accuracy of FES is validated with experiment.
Abstract 2889: Neural Systems Injury Provides Insight Into Individual Behaviors While Global Injury Is Useful For Global Outcome In Chronic Stroke

INTRODUCTION: A key challenge in the treatment of patients with chronic stroke is identifying which patients are most likely to benefit from therapy. An assessment of stroke-related injury can help...
Investigating the Needs of Agriculture Scholars: The Purdue Case

ABSTRACTTo better understand the complexity of agricultural research, two Purdue University Libraries’ faculty members conducted a series of interviews with subjects from across the College of Agriculture. Interview questions addressed research methodologies and outputs, research data management, primary information resources, and other aspects of the research cycle and the researchers’ professional lives. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using nVivo software. The results are summarized and presented here.
Evolving, Rather than Policing, the Boundary: A case study of the development of the Center for Public Integrity

The ability to build boundaries, known as boundary work, is typically understood as being in the hands of major players, who keep out or begrudgingly admit interlopers. This article, based on a lon...
Reprint of-Differential diagnosis: Trepanation.

Abstract Trepanation is the scraping, cutting, or drilling of an opening (or openings) into the neurocranium. World surveys reveal that a number of ancient cultures experimented with cranial surgery, and that in some areas these practices continued into modern times. Archaeological discoveries of possible trepanations continue to be made, often from geographic areas or time periods from which the practice was not previously known. Unfortunately, most of these reports describe single crania with healed defects interpreted as trepanations. When evaluating a possible trepanation in a skull that lacks medical history or comes from an archaeological context where there is no other evidence that such operations were performed, a thorough differential diagnosis is essential. Identification of unhealed trepanations is a relatively straightforward exercise, since tool marks provide direct evidence of surgical intervention. A confident diagnosis is more difficult in healed defects of the skull, where the mechanism that produced an opening may be obscured by bone remodeling. There are many possible causes of defects of the skull vault, including congenital and developmental anomalies, trauma, infection, neoplasm, and taphonomic damage. For this reason, a careful differential diagnosis is essential for identifying surgical intervention and distinguishing it from cranial defects caused by other mechanisms.
The Role of Psychiatric Liaison in Pediatric Medicine

Marissa gazed at her body in the mirror. She was very pleased with herself. The contours of her legs were sleek and defined; her stomach was flat and hard. She inhaled deeply for a minute and watched as the middle of her torso caved in, creating a large hollow space. A feeling of control and power suffused her.
Future of research published in the International Journal of Selection and Assessment: Incoming editor's perspective

The International Journal of Selection and Assessment (IJSA) plays an important role for the scientist‐practitioner communities in the fields of personnel psychology, human resource management, and industrial‐organizational psychology. This article briefly summarizes goals of the journal and a vision for future work to be published in IJSA.
Exploring the implementation of family-witnessed resuscitation

Cardiac arrest is a traumatic event, both for patients and their family members. Traditionally, healthcare professionals have often been reluctant to offer family members the opportunity to witness cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) attempts. However, professional bodies globally have begun to recommend the use of family-witnessed resuscitation (FWR) during CPR, identifying a range of potential benefits including supporting the patient, increasing family members' confidence in healthcare professionals and, in some cases, promoting acceptance of the patient's death. This article explores the benefits of, and barriers to, the implementation of FWR during CPR. Despite the perceived benefits of FWR identified by professional bodies, healthcare professionals, and patients and their families, the evidence indicates there is ongoing reluctance among some healthcare professionals to incorporate FWR in practice. Therefore, standardised global policies aimed at the multidisciplinary implementation of FWR are required. Additionally, multidisciplinary training and education in CPR should be readily available, particularly in areas where CPR is frequently used, such as emergency departments.
Long-term Consequences for Adolescents Identified as At-Risk at Birth

As described in chapter 3, research on long-term developmental consequences of perinatal complications has not shown a linear relationship between the severity of the complications and measured developmental deviance [Kopp & Krakow 1983; Sameroff & Chandler 1975; Sameroff & Seifer 1983]. Rather, the overall findings suggest that characteristics of the postnatal social and home environment milieu are more effective predictors of developmental outcomes than are the biological risks that have been inferred from the presence of perinatal complications or neonatal symptomatology. Of course, this statement must except those cases that suffer from the more serious and incapacitating clinical syndromes. Prediction beyond early childhood on the basis of biological risk alone has generally been too unreliable to have any practical value, and, generally, the predictive results have fallen short of statistical significance [Kopp & Krakow 1983; Sameroff & Seifer 1983].
Tangential Migration: The Forebrain

Neurons undergo two major forms of migration: radial and tangential. Most excitatory cortical projection neurons are locally born near the lateral ventricle and migrate radially along glia processes into the cortical plate. However, a wide array of cell types resides far from their origin and must migrate tangentially to reach their targets. In this chapter, we will focus on the cell types and migratory routes of tangentially projecting cells in the forebrain. We will specifically examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms that guide the largest population of tangentially migrating cells in the forebrain, cortical GABAergic interneurons.