cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Distortion and the Politics of Pain Relief: A Habermasian Analysis of Medicine in the Media

This article invokes Habermas's ideal speech situation to analyze the controversy surrounding a recent study of pain relief for women in labor. Using Habermas's concepts, the authors argue that dis...
Leonardo’s Enchantress

Return with me now to those thrilling days of yesteryear,2 when women were all brave and men good-looking, and all the children were above average.3 When a beloved’s looks were not “laughable, unphotographable”; nor were his lips “a little weak.”4 Let us call back the Renaissance when Petrarchismo was the rage, and a lady’s eyes were like stars, her nostrils pink, her lips like roses. Not only was she lovely — with the whole universe in her face — she was unattainable, and to be approached with reverence.
NAS data exchange environment beyond NextGen

This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation. The presentation focuses on national airspace system's data exchange environment based on network architecture that uses the best alternative technology such as cellular radio, GEO satellite communication and broadband UHF.
Rapid Cavitation Induced by the Reflection of Shock Waves

Impact techniques were used to investigate rapid cavitation in moderately pure water and in ethylene glycol. A compressive pulse of duration ≈ 1.7 µs and amplitude ≥ 10 MPa was propagated into the liquid sample. The pulse was reflected at the rear surface to create a tensile pulse in the liquid. The displacement history of the rear surface indicates that cavitation typically occurred within 1 µs of the creation of tension. The cavitation was manifested as a rapid rebound of the surface velocity and by evidence of reverberation within a spalled layer. Though the inferred dynamic tensile strength typically exceeded 5 MPa, the experiments are suggestive of pre-existent, undissolved gas nuclei. Cavitation was not clearly indicated in two shots suggesting tensile strengths > 11 MPa for those samples.
Art and Imagery in Adult Psychoanalysis

The work described in this paper emerged from the experiences of the author, an art therapist in classical psychoanalytic training for the past decade. In her own analysis, and in her work with adult and child patients, she found both artistic and mental imagery to be generally useful in the analytic process, whether coming from the patient or experienced by the analyst. It was therefore a surprise to find articles in the analytic literature which emphasized the resistant nature of visual imagery, tending to deny or minimize its potential as an alternative mode of communication (Kanzer, 1958; Kern, 1975; Ross & Kapp, 1962). Despite evidence of a more positive attitude on the part of others (Kubie, 1943; Lewin, 1968; Warren, 1961), there was indeed “a persisting ambivalence about imagination in psychoanalysis “ (Singer, 1981–82, p. 11).
Collective diffusion on a stepped substrate

Abstract We present results for the collective diffusion of adatoms on a stepped substrate with submonolayer coverage. We study the combined effect of additional binding at the step edge, the Schwoebel barrier, enhanced diffusion along step edges, and finite coverage on diffusion as a function of step density. In particular, we examine the crossover from step-dominated diffusion at high step density to terrace-dominated behavior at low step density in a lattice-gas model using the analytical Green's function techniques. The collective effects due to finite coverage turn out to be crucial in determining the influence of steps on the macroscopic diffusion constant. The effect of steps turns out to be considerable for a much lower step density than previously anticipated.
Gender Differences in Scholarly Productivity Within Academic Gynecologic Oncology Departments.

OBJECTIVE:To estimate whether there is a gender difference in scholarly productivity among academic gynecologic oncologists.METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, the academic rank and gender of gynecologic oncology faculty in the United States were determined from online residency and fellowship di
Loss Mechanisms in Extraordinary Optical Transmission Gratings

A full angular and spectral investigation of Extraordinary Optical Transmission gratings fabricated on GaAs substrates has been performed. Semiconductor doping effects on the transmission through, and diffraction from, these subwavelength plasmonic structures are presented.
Rifampin–sirolimus–voriconazole interaction in a hematopoietic cell transplant recipient

Purpose Patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation are treated with multiple medications, potentially complicated by drug-drug interactions. Drug interactions with sirolimus, voriconazole, and rifampin are particularly difficult because of the complex and simultaneous enzyme inhibition and induction mechanisms. We report a hematopoietic cell transplantation patient receiving sirolimus and voriconazole who was given rifampin while being treated for presumed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus meningitis. Summary A 31 year-old female received a nonmyeloablative allogeneic umbilical cord hematopoietic cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome transformed to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Her graft versus host disease and antifungal prophylaxis included sirolimus and voriconazole, respectively. Therapeutic drug monitoring prior to admission revealed a stable outpatient sirolimus regimen of 0.4 mg orally daily (trough goal 3-12 mcg/L). She was admitted to the inpatient hematopoietic cell transplantation service and diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and presumed bacterial meningitis 217 days after transplant. Intravenous rifampin and vancomycin were initiated and voriconazole was changed to micafungin. Sirolimus trough concentrations were undetectable two days after starting rifampin. Therapeutic sirolimus concentrations were achieved four days later, at a sirolimus dose of 16-18 mg orally daily. Rifampin was discontinued after nine days and the sirolimus dose was adjusted accordingly, maintaining therapeutic levels throughout follow-up. The patient suffered a flare of chronic skin graft versus host disease requiring etanercept, high-dose systemic steroids, and topical steroids. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the management of sirolimus during the transition from voriconazole inhibition to rifampin induction. Clinicians should be aware of potential drug-drug interactions.
Brand Personalities across the Big Four: Positioning Leagues for Differentiation

The concept of brand personality (BP) has become a popular topic of study among academicians in the sport management field. The current study moves beyond the construct conceptualization and scale development of BP, and begins to investigate existing BP profiles for various professional sports (BPS). Specifically, this research examines the existing BPS dimensions across various Big Four professional leagues. The study utilized the BPS instrument (Braunstein & Ross, 2009) and MANOVA procedures to determine ratings of BP dimensions and any differences between sports. Results indicated that on the BPS factors that were measured (Success, Sophistication, Sincerity, Rugged, Community-Driven, Classic), sports differed on four of the six factors. For the factors that significantly differed by sport (Success, Sincerity, Rugged, and Classic), the majority of the highest mean scores associated with hockey and baseball. Conceptualizations and scale development of BPS will be discussed along with positioning and segmentation strategies for sport marketers. This paper begins to shift the focus from the concept of BPS to its application. As such, it fills an identified need to determine if there are differences in the “personalities” (i.e., characteristics) of leagues and, ultimately, how these elements can factor into sound and targeted marketing practices. 1 Braunstein-Minkove and Ross: Brand Personalities Published by Digital Commons @ Kent State University Libraries, 2013 Braunstein-­‐Minkove & Ross 112 A true test of effective communication is the consumer's clear and consistent understanding of the producer's (intended) message. According to Reis and Trout (1969), it is the marketer’s role to alter the product in the consumer’s mind rather than the product itself through the branding or “positioning” process. Evolving from the idea that marketing is most effective when the characteristics of the brand "match" those of the endorsers and/or consumers (e.g., Kamins, 1990; Lynch & Schuler, 1994), Aaker (1997) developed five dimensions of brand personality (BP; i.e., Sincerity, Excitement, Competence, Sophistication, Ruggedness) in order to strategically approach this process. Beyond Aaker’s original development, academics have studied BP to determine its use and effectiveness in various circumstances (e.g., de Chernatony, 2001; Keller, 2003). As such, sport marketers have begun to adapt and adopt the study of brand personalities (i.e., brand personality in sport or BPS; Braunstein & Ross, 2009), or character traits associated with a product (both developed and perceived), in order to effectively understand and, therefore, communicate the sport brand. As a result of the crowded nature of the sport marketplace, ensuring that this message is appropriately received, and understood in the way it is intended, is often vital to the success of a sport entity.
Ethics of obesity treatment: Implications for dietitians

Dietitians face both a responsibility and an opportunity to address the ethical issues of obesity treatment and to promote weight management strategies that are beneficial and effective. The Code of Ethics for the Profession of Dietetics, which was adopted in 1989 to provide guidance to dietetics practitioners in their professional practice and conduct, can serve as a guide in an evaluation of current obesity treatments. Dietitians must help clients be realistic about their weight loss goals and address emotional conflicts that may be undermining weight management efforts. Referrals to therapists may be indicated, and dietitians must be prepared to recognize the need and make the recommendations. Dietitians should take the lead in developing more ethical and beneficial treatments by collaborating with government and industry to protect the consumer from ineffective or potentially harmful practices.
Conclusion: Reoperation Following Prosthetic Replacement

As is obvious from these excellent papers considerable progress has been made in the design and application oftumor prostheses. Although the procedures appear to have unlimited potential in the treatment of many patients with significant bone and joint defects, their future application is still plagued by many unresolved problems that will require continued research and development from all related disciplines.
Can a Non-Cognitive Learning Companion Increase the Effectiveness of a Meta-Cognitive Learning Strategy?

This project aimed to improve students’ learning and task performance using a non-cognitive learning companion in the context of both a tutor and a meta-tutor. The tutor taught students how to construct models of dynamic systems and the meta-tutor taught students a learning strategy. The non-cognitive learning companion was designed to increase students’ effort and persistence in using the learning strategy. It decided when to intervene and what to say using both log data and affective state monitoring via a facial expression camera and a posture sensor. Experiments with high school students showed that the non-cognitive learning companion increased students’ learning and performance. However, it had no effect on performance during a transfer phase in which the learning companion, meta-tutor, and tutor were all absent. The transfer phase null effect must be interpreted with caution due to low power, a possible floor effect, and other issues.
Leading Edge Vortex Development on Pitching and Surging Airfoils: A Study of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

Vertical axis wind turbine blades undergo dynamic stall due to the large angle of attack variation they experience during a turbine rotation. Particle image velocimetry on a pitching and surging airfoil was used to perform time resolved measurements at blade Reynolds numbers near turbine operating conditions of \(10^5\). These experiments were compared to simulations performed in the rotating turbine frame as well as the linear, experimental, frame at a Reynolds number of \(10^3\) to investigate rotational and Reynolds number effects. The flow was shown to develop similarly prior to separation, but the kinematics of vortices shed post separation were reference frame dependent.
Introduction: The Voice of Someone

It would be impossible to write this or any other book if God and the self were really dead; if the author were really absent from his work; if language were nothing but an alien circuit which each of us is condemned to repeat; if society were really irredeemable and man irreparably alienated from his world. In the absence of any human form of mind, in the absence of any possibility of truth, meaning or change, in the absence of all capacity to say what has not been said before and to add to the stock of our culture, there would be nothing worth saying, no one to say it, and no one to say it to. There would not even be any point in declaring that God and the self are dead, that language and culture are tiresomely repeated by every speaking and acting subject, and that man is alienated from himself, from his culture and from his social world.
The Homotopy Type of Gauge Theoretic Moduli Spaces

In recent years Gauge theory has been perhaps the most important technique in the study of differentiable structures on four dimensional manifolds. In particular the study of the moduli spaces of (anti) self dual connections on a principal bundle over a Riemannian four dimensional manifold has yielded the definition, by Donaldson, of polynomial invariants that have been highly successful at distinguishing smooth structures on homeomorphic manifolds. Thus studying the homotopy type of these moduli spaces and variants of them has been, and continues to be of fundamental importance in Algebraic Topology.
Genomic fingerprints in the tribe Triticeae produced by PCR using a tRNA consensus primer

Forty-one accessions belonging to ten genera of the tribe Triticeae representing both wild and cultivated species were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of two consensus tRNA primers tested, one primer revealed characteristic amplification products for all of the species. A total of 35 tRNA markers were scored across all accessions. Five genus-specific and three species-specific markers were obtained. Genomic fingerprints were largely conserved within a genus. The phylogram obtained using parsimony has separated most of the accessions into their prevailing taxonomic species and genus groups. The phylogram showed close association among the three genera Secale, Triticum and Hordeum as expected. The Triticum-Secale relationship was closer than the Triticum-Hordeum or the Secale-Hordeum relationships. The tree also reflected the close associations among the forage grass species belonging to Leymus and Elymus. Thus tDNA-PCR helped to identify species and genera.
Economic Analysis of Tort Liability for an Imperfect World

Tort liability generally is not justified by the presence of risk-producing activities alone. It tends to be justified by the combination of risk-producing activities and information costs that impede alternative solutions, such as private contracting or ex ante regulation. The observation that tort liability is justified by information costs impacts economic analysis of tort liability. It highlights that economic analysis of optimal tort rules should employ economic models where information is costly. In addition, it reveals the goals of optimal tort liability often should include providing optimal incentives to risk-imposers and others to invest in information needed to identify and provide optimal level of care. This chapter presents economic analysis of optimal tort liability focusing on the use of liability where information is costly. It shows that incorporating endogenous costly information alters tort liability’s optimal structure and incentive effects, both as applied to individual injurers and risk-imposers operating within organizations.
ArchimedesOne: query processing over probabilistic knowledge bases

Knowledge bases are becoming increasingly important in structuring and representing information from the web. Meanwhile, web-scale information poses significant scalability and quality challenges to knowledge base systems. To address these challenges, we develop a probabilistic knowledge base system, ArchimedesOne, by scaling up the knowledge expansion and statistical inference algorithms. We design a web interface for users to query and update large knowledge bases.In this paper, we demonstrate the ArchimedesOne system to showcase its efficient query and inference engines. The demonstration serves two purposes: 1) to provide an interface for users to interact with ArchimedesOne through load, search, and update queries; and 2) to validate our approaches of knowledge expansion by applying inference rules in batches using relational operations and query-driven inference by focusing computation on the query facts. We compare ArchimedesOne with state-of-the-art approaches using two knowledge bases: NELL-sports with 4.5 million facts and Reverb-Sherlock with 15 million facts.
TET2 Regulates CD8+ T Cell Responses to Acute and Chronic Viral Infection

DNA methylation is one of the major epigenetic mechanisms that controls cellular differentiation. The ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of methylcytosine dioxygenases mediates active DNA demethylation through the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and subsequent intermediates. Here we demonstrate that TET2 regulates CD8+ T cell differentiation in vivo following acute and chronic viral infection. At steady-state, mice with a T-cell specific deletion of TET2 have intact thymic and peripheral T cell populations. Following acute viral infection with LCMV-Armstrong, TET2 loss enhances LCMV-specific CD8+ T cell memory differentiation in a cell-intrinsic manner without disrupting antigen-specific cell expansion or cytokine production. However, TET2-deficient memory CD8+ T cells exhibit altered recall responses with blunted re-expansion, retained expression of phenotypic memory markers and restricted re-expression of activation markers. During chronic viral infection with LCMV-clone 13, TET2 controls CD8+ T cell expansion and alters differentiation. Importantly, though mice with T-cell specific loss of TET2 developed similar levels of CD8+ T cell exhaustion as wild-type mice, TET2 loss specifically reduced PD-1 expression suggesting that TET2 may direct DNA demethylation of the PD-1 locus. Together, our data indicate that TET2 is an important regulator of CD8+ T cells following both acute and chronic viral infections and suggest targeting epigenetic regulators have potential for enhancing antiviral immunity. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
The Economic Process: A Structured Approach

(1988). The Economic Process: A Structured Approach. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 869-874.
Incidental Hepatic Lesions

With the widespread use of radiological studies a greater number of hepatic lesions are identified. Although most of these lesions are benign, a small percentage can be malignant. Hence, a systematic approach and choosing the correct radiological imaging modality can help a physician manage these lesions without the need for exhaustive and time-consuming workup and may prevent a patient from undergoing unnecessary intervention. A number of factors should be considered in the evaluation of a hepatic lesion. These include the patient’s age, gender, medications, such as oral contraceptives or anabolic steroids, their travel history and any previous liver disease or cancers. A triple-phase CT or MRI, which includes a late arterial phase, a portal venous phase, and a delayed venous phase, can help to accurately diagnose a hepatic lesion more than 90 % of the time. Lesions seen in the background of chronic liver disease or cirrhosis should be considered hepatocellular carcinoma until proven otherwise.
Full-featured ground vehicle mobility analysis using different soil moisture sources

We investigated the influence of using three different soil moisture sources WindSat (a satellite), land information system (LIS) (a computer model), and in situ ground sensors in a full-featured ground vehicle mobility analysis model. Soil moisture, soil type, land use, and slope were used to estimate the mobility in dry and wet scenarios for six vehicles using the NATO Reference Mobility Model (NRMM). The dry scenario showed nearly the same results for all three soil moisture sources. In the wet scenario, modelled travel times based on LIS were about 26% faster compared to those from the in situ moisture. Modelled times based on WindSat averaged 11% slower than those from the in situ moisture. For the test case we found agreement between the results of the current full-feature model against a previously-developed model using only soil moisture time series. This demonstrates that soil moisture can be important even as one terrain factor among many.
Implant program effects on performance and carcass quality of steer calves finished for 212 days.

We compared the effects of seven implant treatments combining use of Ralgro (RAL), Synovex-S (SYN), and Revalor-S (REV) on performance and beef quality traits of crossbred steer calves (n = 560) finished for 212 d. A randomized complete block design was used to compare treatments consisting of 1) non-implanted control (CON); 2) RAL on d 0, SYN on d 60, and REV on d 130 (RALSYNREV); 3) RAL on d 0, REV on d 60, and REV on d 130 (RALREVREV); 4) SYN on d 30 and REV on d 130 (SYNREV); 5) REV on d 30 and REV on d 130 (REVREV); 6) REV on d 0, REV on d 75, and REV on d 150, 12.5% crude protein diet (REV3X-12.5); and 7) REV on d 0, REV on d 75, and REV on d 150, 14.5% crude protein diet (REV3X-14.5). All implant groups had higher ADG and gained more efficiently (ADG: feed intake) than the CON group. No distinct performance advantages were noted for particular implant schemes. Implant treatments did not (P > .05) affect dressing percentage, carcass weight, or KPH fat percentage. Fat thickness did not differ (P > .05) for implanted vs CON steers; however, REVREV, SYNREV, and RALREVREV steers produced fatter carcasses than did REV3X-12.5 and RALSYNREV steers. The REV3X-12.5 and REV3X-14.5 treatments increased longissimus muscle area compared with CON; longissimus muscle areas for all other treatments did not differ (P > .05) from CON. No reduction in percentage of Choice and Prime carcasses occurred with use of SYNREV or REVREV; however, all treatments receiving three successive implants had lower (P < .05) percentages of Choice and Prime carcasses than the CON group. Increasing dietary crude protein seemed to lessen the detrimental effect of three successive REV implants on percentages of Choice and Prime carcasses. Loin steaks from REVREV, REV3X-12.5, and REV3X-14.5 steers had higher (P < .05) shear force values than steaks from CON steers.
Establishing a Culture of Intentional Wellness: Lessons From a Family Medicine Resident Focus Group

Introduction Residency training is a peak time of physician distress, but also a venue in which residents can learn skills to thrive in a high-risk career. The goal of this study was to examine residents' perceptions of the value of teaching wellness as an integrated component of a residency program. Methods Researchers at the University of Utah Family Medicine Residency Program conducted a focus group with graduating family medicine residents regarding their perception of wellness and wellness skills, after having completed an intentional wellness curriculum integrated through their 3 years of residency. We used open coding to identify themes of the residents' perceptions of the wellness curriculum. Results Four interconnected themes emerged: (1) describing the relevance of wellness to a medical career; (2) the wellness curriculum as prioritized and intentional; 3) The value of wellness skills learned through the curriculum; and (3) the role of community ethos in maintaining wellness. Conclusions Residents consider wellness to be a critical facet of being an effective physician. Our results suggest that a culture of wellness can be created through deliberate and transparent curricular design, helping residents to view wellness as a priority.
Resource selection by an ectothermic predator in a dynamic thermal landscape.

Predicting the effects of global climate change on species interactions has remained difficult because there is a spatiotemporal mismatch between regional climate models and microclimates experienced by organisms. We evaluated resource selection in a predominant ectothermic predator using a modeling approach that permitted us to assess the importance of habitat structure and local real-time air temperatures within the same modeling framework. We radio-tracked 53 western ratsnakes (Pantherophis obsoletus) from 2010 to 2013 in central Missouri, USA, at study sites where this species has previously been linked to prey population demographics. We used Bayesian discrete choice models within an information theoretic framework to evaluate the seasonal effects of fine-scale vegetation structure and thermal conditions on ratsnake resource selection. Ratsnake resource selection was influenced most by canopy cover, canopy cover heterogeneity, understory cover, and air temperature heterogeneity. Ratsnakes generally preferred habitats with greater canopy heterogeneity early in the active season, and greater temperature heterogeneity later in the season. This seasonal shift potentially reflects differences in resource requirements and thermoregulation behavior. Predicted patterns of space use indicate that ratsnakes preferentially selected open habitats in spring and early summer and forest–field edges throughout the active season. Our results show that downscaled temperature models can be used to enhance our understanding of animal resource selection at scales that can be addressed by managers. We suggest that conservation of snakes or their prey in a changing climate will require consideration of fine-scale interactions between local air temperatures and habitat structure.
Cluster-wise cooperative eco-approach and departure application along signalized arterials

In recent years, the Eco-Approach and Departure (EAD) application has been widely studied, which utilizes Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) information to allow connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) to approach and depart from a signalized intersection in an energy-efficient manner. However, most existing work have studied the EAD application from an ego-vehicle perspective (Ego-EAD), where a single vehicle makes use of Infrastructure-to-Vehicle (I2V) communication, without considering the effect on traffic throughput. To date, relatively limited research about EAD application takes into account cooperation among vehicles at intersections via Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication, aiming to benefit not only one vehicle but the entire traffic flow. In this study, we develop a cluster-wise cooperative EAD (Coop-EAD) system to further reduce energy consumption while increasing traffic throughput, compared to existing Ego-EAD applications. Instead of considering CAVs traveling through signalized intersections one at a time, our approach strategically coordinates CAVs' maneuvers to form clusters with the proposed methodologies: initial vehicle clustering, intra-cluster sequence optimization, and cluster formation control. The EAD algorithm is then applied to the cluster leader, and CAVs in the cluster can conduct EAD maneuvers by following the dynamics of the cluster leader. A comprehensive simulation study shows that, compared to an Ego-EAD system, the proposed Coop-EAD system achieves 50% increase on traffic throughput, 11% reduction on energy consumption, and up to 20% reduction on pollutant emissions, respectively.
Drawing Hands for Glove Design: Does the Data Match-Up?

When we teach students how to draw the human hand, we instruct them to block-out the sketch with a specific set of proportions. These are well defined in classic drawing and anatomy literature, and glove designers often use them to determine functional features, including: flex zones, padding, gussets and seams. For this pilot study, the authors used 3D hand scan data (29 subjects), collected by a Structure Sensor to understand if these proportions hold true. Anthropometric measurements of the palm and 3rd finger, were analyzed to see how well they align to the cited drawing instructions. The results found that none of the proportions hold true, as cited by the literature. Recommendations for future research include expanding the sample size for more significant results, looking at different scan tools and the differences between races, ethnicities, other cited hand proportions and specific glove users.
A Multidimensional Understanding of Older Adult Mobility Needs: A Survey to Improve Mobility, Health, and Social Inclusion among Older Adults in California

Background By 2030 the older adult population in California is expected to nearly double to over 8.6 million people (from 2012). This population will experience a number of specialized needs that includes health care, housing, and transportation due to reduced physical and cognitive function. In particular, older adults will reduce and eventually stop driving for medical and non-medical reasons. This reduced mobility, as a result of driving reduction, can impact mental health and activities including accessing needed medical care. Study Objective In order to plan for these mobility changes and to support healthy aging and social inclusion, the pilot project aims to understand different dimensions of the mobility needs of older adults in California. One’s household transportation opportunities, community transportation opportunities, and neighborhood characteristics will impact individual mobility. Therefore, the study aims are as follows: Aim 1: To describe the mobility needs of older adult by region and demographic characteristics Aim 2: To describe how emerging technologies impact mobility for older adults Aim 3: To describe how mobility and neighborhoods impact residential choices, particularly aging in place. Project Description This project is led by a multidisciplinary center, UC Berkeley’s Safe Transportation Research and Education Center (SafeTREC), and is funded by the University of California at Berkeley’s Institute for Transportation Studies through the Road Repair and Accountability Act. The survey will be administered in May 2018 by Ewald & Wasserman, a survey research group, using Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing Software. The sample will be representative of specific locations that include urban and non-urban areas. The proposed dimensions include: • Individual and household characteristics • Aging-in-the-right place • Mobility status, patterns and needs • Readiness for driving cessation • Driving transition readiness • Consequences of reduced mobility • Access and comfort with driving alternatives • Knowledge of transportation opportunities in one’s community Summary Addressing the mobility needs of the growing older adult population will require a multidisciplinary approach and likely different interventions for urban and non-urban residents and by age cohort. This presentation will focus on the conceptual framework and emerging issues.
AGGLUTINATION-INDUCED ERYTHROCYTE DEFORMATION BY TWO BLOOD GROUP A-SPECIFIC LECTINS : STUDIES BY LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

The adhesive energy in lectin-induced agglutination can be assessed by the deformation of erythrocytes in aggregates. Helix pomatia (HPA) and Dolichos biflorus (DBA) specifically agglutinated blood group A erythrocytes and induced a change in curvatures of cells at the end of the aggregates. The curvatures changed from concavity to convexity with increasing lectin concentrations. HPA-induced aggregates achieved the theoretical maximal end cell curvature of 0.27 microns-1 at 2-3 micrograms/ml; DBA-induced aggregates approached 0.23 microns-1, requiring 400 micrograms/ml. At any given lectin concentration, HPA showed greater surface binding, caused higher cell curvatures, induced larger aggregate size, and had greater adhesive energies, as compared to DBA. HPA and DBA are globular proteins with a diameter of approximately 5.5 nm and approximately 6.1 nm, respectively, as revealed by the negative staining electron microscopy. The former induced uniform intercellular spacing (approximately 15 nm), whereas the latter induced both smooth (approximately 20 nm) and ruffled spacings. The uniform intercellular spacing was not a function of lectin concentrations. Microscopic studies of erythrocyte deformation provided morphological correlates of biophysical findings of differential adhesive energies induced by these two blood group A-specific lectins.
Pharmacogenetics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

As the arsenal of IBD therapies becomes more powerful, choosing a therapy that is appropriate for an individual patient requires an understanding of the goals of IBD therapy. Maximizing the efficacy of IBD-directed therapies while minimizing their toxicity remains the principal objective in developing management strategies for IBD patients. Unfortunately, for most therapeutic agents and the majority of diseases, it is not currently possible to identify patients most likely to benefit from therapy on the basis of their genetic profile, nor is it possible to identify those individuals at risk of a severe adverse reaction. However, the introduction of pharmacogenetics in the management of IBD patients has helped clinicians achieve these objectives targeted at patients receiving either 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) or azathioprine (AZA), both members of the thiopurine family. This research strategy involved studying the Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) drug-metabolizing enzyme which influences the concentration of drug reaching its target (pharmacokinetics). Pharmacogenetics is the study of the role of inheritance in individual variation in drug response – with inadequate therapeutic response at one end of the spectrum and adverse drug reactions at the other. Currently, most IBD patients are treated as if they are homogenous. However patients would certainly benefit from being stratified into those that will or will not have a benefit from a therapy and further divided into those that will or will not have a toxic response to a therapy. Moreover, patients could be directed to an alternate therapy that would be more beneficial or they could avoid toxicities by being aware that the available therapeutics offer little to no benefit. The recognition and understanding of the factors influencing therapeutic response has the potential to allow clinicians and the pharmaceutical industry the ability to individualize dosing and administration regimens to maximize benefit and avoid toxicity.
Real-Time Realization of a Family of Optimal Infinite-Memory Non-Causal Systems

Abstract In this paper, we consider a problem of designing discrete-time systems which are optimal in frequency-weighted least squares sense subject to a maximal output amplitude constraint. It can be shown for such problems, in general, that the optimality conditions do not provide an explicit way of generating the optimal output as a real-time implementable transformation of the input, due to instability of the resulting dynamical equations and sequential nature in which criterion function is revealed over time. In this paper, we show that, under some mild assumptions, the optimal system has exponentially fading memory. We then propose a causal and stable finite-dimensional nonlinear system which, under an L1 dominance assumption about the equation coefficients, returns high-quality approximations to the optimal solution. The fading memory of the optimal system justifies the receding horizon assumption and suggests that such approach can serve as a cheaper alternative to standard MPC-based algorithms. The result is illustrated on a problem of minimizing peak-to-average-power ratio of a communication signal, stemming from power-efficient transceiver design in modern digital communication systems.
Work a Way Out: Breaking Monoethnic Isolation through On-Campus Employment

Since the global economic recession in 2008, Chinese undergraduate students have quickly risen to be the largest international student population in American colleges and universities, forming a monoethnic group that often isolates itself from domestic students on campuses. This study explores how twelve Chinese undergraduate students utilized on-campus employment as a means of engaging host nationals to improve language skills and engage in cross-cultural interactions. Thematic analysis affirms the efficacy of the university workplace as an educational space outside of the classroom. Based on these findings, various policy recommendations are proposed to improve the management of international student employees.
In the Eastern Fields of Eden

The authors have no conflict of interests to report and IRB approval for Treatment of Human Subjects and Treatment of Animal Subjects is not applicable
The Problem of Other Possible Persons: Dolphins, Primates and Aliens

A content free formulations of Persons is constructed that can be applied to non-humans. The focus is on the concept of persons and the detection of persons. The basic concepts examined include intentional and deliberate action, language, self-consciousness, and "real worlds". The categories of potential, nascent, primitive, defective, former, created and super persons are formulated.
The Contribution of Low-Frequency and Rare Coding Variation to Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes

Soon after the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) was published, it was hypothesized that rare and low-frequency variants might explain a substantial proportion of disease risk. Rare coding variants in particular were emphasized given their large expected role in disease. This review summarizes the extent to which recent T2D genetic studies provide evidence for or against this hypothesis. Following a comprehensive study of T2D genetic architecture using three sequencing and genotyping technologies, four even larger studies have provided a yet higher resolution view of the role of rare and low-frequency coding variation in T2D susceptibility. Empirical evidence strongly suggests that common regulatory variants are the dominant contributor to T2D heritability. However, rare coding variants may nonetheless be pervasive across T2D-relevant genes. A strategy using common variants to map disease genes, and rare coding variants to link molecular gene perturbations to cellular and phenotypic effects, may be an effective means to investigate T2D pathogenesis and potential new therapies.
Interventions to treat posttraumatic stress disorder in partnership with primary care: A review of feasibility and large randomized controlled studies.

Abstract Objective Evidence-based therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder are underutilized and at times unavailable in specialty settings. We reviewed the literature on interventions to treat PTSD within primary care to make recommendations on their effectiveness as treatment modalities or ways to improve engagement in specialty care. Method We searched PubMed, PsychInfo, CINHAL, and Cochrane Reviews databases using search terms related to PTSD and primary care. We excluded clinical guidelines and studies of screening only or subthreshold PTSD. Results 524 articles were identified. Twenty-one papers on 15 interventions met review criteria. Seven interventions focus on individual therapies studied via small feasibility studies to prepare for full-scale intervention research. Eight describe treatment programs in primary care based on collaborative care that included medication management, tracking outcomes, referral services, and for some psychotherapy (versus psychotherapy referral). Ten interventions were feasibility studies which precludes meaningful comparison of effect sizes. Of the four RCTs of treatment programs, only two including some psychotherapy found improvements in PTSD symptoms. Conclusion More research is needed to adapt treatment for PTSD to primary care. Collaborative care may be a promising framework for improving the reach of PTSD treatments when psychotherapy is offered within the collaborative care team.
Energy momentum tensor and the D-term in the bag model

The energy momentum tensor (EMT) form factors pave new ways for exploring hadron structure. Especially, the D-term related to the EMT form factor D(t) has received a lot of attention due to its attractive physical interpretation in terms of mechanical properties. We study the nucleon EMT form factors and the associated densities in the bag model which we formulate for an arbitrary number of colors Nc and show that the EMT form factors are consistently described in this model in the large-Nc limit. The simplicity of the model allows us to test in a lucid way many theoretical concepts related to EMT form factors and densities including recently introduced concepts like normal and tangential forces, or monopole and quadrupole contributions to the angular momentum distribution. We also study the D-terms of the ρ-meson, Roper resonance, other N* states, and Δ-resonances. Among the most interesting outcomes is the lucid demonstration of the deeper connection of EMT conservation, stability, the virial theorem, and the negative sign of the D-term.
Diabetic Retinopathy: Nature and Extent.

The authors discuss the incidence and prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in juvenile and maturity onset diabetics, background and proliferative retinopathy, and current modalities of treatment. The...
Meso-innovations: Creating Serendipity for Emergent Ideas

Meso-innovations are the stereotypical “innovation” most people think of—the smartphone, the self-driving automobile, a possible HIV vaccine, and so forth. By the time these technologies are presented to the public, they seem like giant leaps forward. Yet they start their lives as new links created between concepts, people, or fields and take years of arduous incremental improvements. To maximize the moments of insights, one needs to create intentional environments for serendipity to occur. To the outsider, meso-innovations look like playing, because it is. The properties of having fun share a great deal with the process of innovating. Whether inventing new frameworks, new products, and services, or adapting existing ones to contemporary priorities, energy strategists will need to fill gaps and opportunities with meso-innovations.
Efficient development of vision-based dense three-dimensional displacement measurement algorithms using physics-based graphics models:

This research investigates a framework for the efficient development of vision-based dense three-dimensional displacement measurement algorithms to support reliable structural health monitoring of ...
Thermal Emittance and Lifetime of Alkali-Antimonide Photocathodes Grown On GaAs and Molybdenum Substrates Evaluated in a -300 kV dc Photogun

${\mathrm{Cs}}_{x}{\mathrm{K}}_{y}\mathrm{Sb}$ photocathodes grown on GaAs and molybdenum substrates were evaluated using a $\ensuremath{-}300\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{kV}$ dc high voltage photogun and diagnostic beam line. Photocathodes grown on GaAs substrates, with varying antimony layer thickness (estimated range from $l20\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{nm}$ to $g1\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{um}$), yielded similar thermal emittance per rms laser spot size values ($\ensuremath{\sim}0.4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{mm}\text{ }\mathrm{mrad}/\mathrm{mm}$) but very different operating lifetime. Similar thermal emittance was obtained for a photocathode grown on a molybdenum substrate but with markedly improved lifetime. For this photocathode, no decay in quantum efficiency was measured at 4.5 mA average current and with peak current 0.55 A at the photocathode.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms of insulin-like growth factor gene and mammographic breast density.

Aim of the study To analyze six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs1520220, rs2945834, rs5747694, rs6214, rs6219, rs5742678. An attempt was made to assess the significance of the above IGF-1 gene polymorphisms as prognostic and predictive factors in Polish women with diagnosed increased breast mammographic density. Material and methods The study included women diagnosed with an increased breast mammographic density (n = 98), breast cancer (n = 135) and women as a control group (n = 60). The method used to detect polymorphisms in the IGF-1 gene was the analysis of single-stranded DNA conformation polymorphism (SSCP-PCR) and Sanger's sequencing. Results In the case of rs1520220 polymorphism, the genotype CC was found to increase the risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.6 95% CI 1.01-6.5, p = 0.04). Analysis of the rs2945834 polymorphism revealed that the occurrence of the G allele reduced the risk of breast cancer, while the occurrence of the A allele increased the risk of disease almost twice (OR = 0.55 95% CI). Among women who are heterozygous in terms of rs5747694 polymorphism (TG), the risk of breast cancer is twice as high as in the control group. The SNPs in the study group did not correlate with mammographic breast density. Conclusions The results obtained in the course of the analysis indicate that polymorphisms rs1520220, rs2946834, rs5747694 gene IGF-1 are associated with the occurrence of breast cancer but not with increased mammographic density. Summing up, the association between the polymorphisms of IGF-1 and the risk of developing breast cancer is independent of mammographic density.
A CHARACTERIZATION OF NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

Louis H. Y. Chen proved an inequality for the multivariate normal distribution N(0, I_n)in [1]. In the present paper, we generlize this result, and characterize the multivariate normal distribution N (u, ∑) by the generalized inequality. Theorem: Suppose X=(X_1, …, X_n)′ is a random vector with EX=u, Cov(X)=∑=(σ_(ij)≥0, then for any first-order partial diffentiable real function g on R~n, Var[g(X)]≤sum i=1 to n sum j=1 to n σ_(ij)E′_(xj)g′_(xj) If and only if X～N (u, ∑).
Tout Neg se Neg? A Transnational Conversation on Lineage in the Black Diaspora in a Migratory Context in Maryse Conde's the Last of the African King

Guadeloupean writer Maryse Conde is adept at transnationalism. Not only does she have a firsthand knowledge of the Diaspora (she was married to a Guinean, lived in Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Ghana, Senegal, Great Britain, and currently resides in the US with her British husband) but the characters in her novels travel the world as well. What becomes of the interactions born of the moving within the Diaspora in Conde’s books? The Last of the African Kings examines the links between Africa, the place of origin, and its Diaspora of Guadeloupe and South Carolina. As the two leading persona's, an African American wife belonging to the southern black elite and her Guadeloupean French husband descended from a Dahomayan king, get acquainted with each other’s milieu and confront their divergent opinions while they cross borders, the question of (African) lineage arises in poignant terms. In the Diaspora, who is genuinely African? How African are black Americans? Can French Antilleans be trusted with their blackness? Conde voices some of the preconceived ideas and stereotypical assertions entertained by both groups vis-a-vis each other. The paper examines the way the writer utilizes a couple of mixed African ancestry to discuss the loaded concepts of identity formation, race as a social construct, Diaspora, post traumatic slave syndrome and the relationship between Africa and the children of the African exile as they manifest themselves in contemporary black circles.