cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparison between Time-domain and Frequency-domain Measurement Techniques for Mantle Shear-wave Attenuation

—We study the frequency- and time-domain techniques which have been used to measure shear attenuation in the mantle using long-period body waveforms. In the time-domain technique, waveform modeling is carried out and the attenuation model that best fits the data is chosen. In the frequency-domain technique, we solve for the attenuation model that best fits the spectra of the seismic waveforms. Though theoretically both these techniques are equivalent, modeling assumptions and measurement biases associated with each technique can give rise to different results. In this study, we compare these two techniques in terms of their accuracy in obtaining mantle shear attenuation. Specifically, we estimate the biases in constraining attenuation from differential SS−S and absolute S waveforms. We carry out these tests using realistic synthetic seismograms and we follow this with an analysis of recorded data to verify the results from the synthetic tests. For the SS−S waveforms, the primary biasing factors are interference with seismic phases due to mantle discontinuities and due to crustal reverberation under the SS bounce point. These factors can affect the t* measurements by up to 0.5 s in the frequency domain and more than 1.5 s in the time domain. For the S waveforms, the frequency-domain measurements are accurate to 0.3 s while the time-domain measurements can vary by more than 2.0 s from the predicted values. These errors are also manifested in the t* measurements made using teleseismically recorded waveforms and lead to comparatively larger noise levels in the time-domain measurements. Based on these results, we propose that in long-period body-wave attenuation studies, frequency-domain techniques should be the method of choice.
A transpose-free in-place SIMD optimized FFT

A transpose-free in-place SIMD optimized algorithm for the computation of large FFTs is introduced and implemented on the Cell Broadband Engine. Six different FFT implementations of the algorithm using six different data movement methods are described. Their relative performance is compared for input sizes from 217 to 221 complex floating point samples. Large differences in performance are observed among even theoretically equivalent data movement patterns. All six implementations compare favorably with FFTW and other previous FFT implementations.
The use of carcinogen‐DNA adduct antisera for quantitation and localization of genomic damage in animal models and the human population

The use of antibodies to detect chemical carcinogen-induced DNA damage involves quantitative determination and morphological localization utilizing antisera specific for carcinogen-DNA adducts. In recent years a large number of polyclonal and monoclonal antisera have been produced against individual adducts, and modified DNAs with addition products varying in structure from ethyl and methyl groups to aromatic amines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aflatoxins, and platinum-ammine complexes. This review focuses on data generated during the past 3 yr utilizing this immunotechnology as a tool to probe mechanisms of carcinogen-DNA interactions in various model systems and in the human population. Areas discussed in depth include quantitative and morphological studies involving detection of 2-acetylaminofluorene-DNA adducts in rat liver, O/sup 6/-ethyl and O/sup 6/-methyl deoxyguanosine adducts in rat brain, benzo(a)pyrene-DNA adducts in mouse skin and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II)-DNA adducts in peripheral nucleated blood cells of cancer patients.
SU‐E‐T‐531: Comparison of Film and CBCT Based Fiducial Marker Localization for Prostate Patients

Purpose: This study is to compare film and cone‐beam computed tomography(CBCT) based fiducial marker localization results for intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT) of prostate cancer patients. Methods: From 2005 to 2011, 290 prostate cancer patients with 3 intra‐prostatic fiducial markers implanted were treated with IMRT boost following 4‐field pelvis radiation. Orthogonal films for 241 patients and CBCTimages for 49 patients were taken daily before treatment to localize the prostate glands. The estimated couch shifts were recorded and applied. Total of 4072 fractions were analyzed in this study. Results: The overall standard deviations in the left—right (LR), anterior—posterior (AP), and superior‐ inferior (SI) directions for film and CBCT based localization are 3.90, 4.65, 3.64 mm and 3.94, 4.27, 3.82 mm, respectively. After removing average shifts of each patient, the standard deviations in LR, AP, SI are 3.06, 3.64, 2.63 mm and 3.08, 3.29, 2.48 mm, respectively. The Pearson coefficients of correlation for the frequency distribution of the couch shifts based on films vs. CBCT are 0.99, 0.98, and 0.98 in the LR, AP and SI directions. Conclusions: The CBCT based fiducial marker localization achieves the equivalent accuracy with the orthogonal film based method. The 3–4 mm standard deviations for both film and CBCT groups represent the natural inter‐treatment movements of prostates of this patient population. Any new localization methods should be tested against these standard deviations if the same planned target volume (PTV) margins are used.
A phase 2 study of high-dose lenalidomide as initial therapy for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have limited treatment options and a poor prognosis, thereby warranting novel therapeutic strategies. We evaluated the efficacy of lenalidomide as front-line therapy for older AML patients. In this phase 2 study, patients 60 years of age or older with untreated AML received high-dose (HD) lenalidomide at 50 mg daily for up to 2 28-day cycles. If patients achieved a complete remission (CR)/CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi) or did not progress after 2 cycles of HD lenalidomide, they received low-dose lenalidomide (10 mg daily) until disease progression, an unacceptable adverse event, or completion of 12 cycles. Thirty-three AML patients (median age, 71 years) were enrolled with intermediate (55%), unfavorable (39%), or unknown (6%) cytogenetic risk. Overall CR/CRi rate was 30%, and 53% in patients completing HD lenalidomide. The CR/CRi rate was significantly higher in patients presenting with a low (< 1000/μL) circulating blast count (50%, P = .01). The median time to CR/CRi was 30 days, and duration of CR/CRi was 10 months (range, 1- ≥ 17 months). The most common grades ≥ 3 toxicities were thrombocytopenia, anemia, infection, and neutropenia. HD lenalidomide has evidence of clinical activity as initial therapy for older AML patients, and further study of lenalidomide in AML and MDS is warranted. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00546897.
Physical properties of endonuclease S1 digestion products of DNA renaturation intermediates.

The growth of the weight-average double-strand length of renaturing sonicated DNA was investigated as a function of the degree of renaturation. Endonuclease S1 was used to digest single-strand ends and gaps. The ratio of the average renatured length to the initial length was found to be 0.6 ± 0.1 early in the reaction and to approach 1.0 at infinite time, while the ratio of the average single-strand length of native regions increased from 0.6 ± 0.1 to 0.8 ± 0.1 at infinite time. The ratio increases are nonlinear, with the greatest growth occuring around 50% renaturation. Relaxation times of double-strand DNA were measured in low salt using alternating field electric birefringence and were found to increase to only 70% of the relaxation time of the initial DNA at infinite time. In the molecular-weight range examined (150–320,000 daltons), relaxation times vary with the 2.3 ± 0.3 power of molecular weight.
Influences of C3a anaphylatoxin compared to other vasoactive agents on the microcirculation of the rabbit omentum

Abstract The vasoactive effects of human C3a on arteriolar pressures and diameters of rabbit omenta were compared to the actions of norepinephrine, angiotensin II and histamine. Topical application of C3a reduced pressures in feeding or terminal arterioles (range 15–35 μm) to 56 ± 4% and diameters to 69 ± 4% of control values (both p i ) was not an effective constrictor but blocked the action of C3a and norepinephrine. Histamine produced a decrease in arteriolar pressure to 56 ± 7% ( p p i , suggest that the effect of C3a is related to the alpha-receptors and is independent of histamine release.
REDUCTION OF INTESTINAL GAS‐FORMING PROPERTIES OF LEGUMES BY TRADITIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL FOOD PROCESSING METHODS

ABSTRACT— The propensity of legumes to promote formation of intestinal gas was evaluated in healthy young men by measuring flatus passed from the rectum and the amount of bacterially formed gas in the exhaled breath. Previous experience has shown that flatulent test meals fed in the morning cause elevation of breath hydrogen concentration, flatus volume and flatus hydrogen and carbon dioxide content about 5–7 hr later. Test responses were measured against a baseline derived from feeding a bland, low-residue formula diet. In the present study, mature, dry lima beans were found to be as high in flatulence-inducing factor(s) (FF) as are California small white beans. Mung beans and soybeans caused the same excretion of hydrogen in the breath as did white beans, but only about 2/3 as much flatus. Peanuts were not gas-forming. When the dosage of soybeans was doubled, so that the carbohydrate contribution from the two varieties was more nearly equalized, soybeans caused as much passage of flatus as did white beans. Several products processed by methods that might be expected to alter FF concentration or activity were evaluated in the same way. Soybean and mung bean sprouts appeared to retain most of the FF present in the whole bean. Soybean curd (tofu) had little residual FF but another high-protein food, MPF, made from toasted soy grits, caused as much gas formation as an equal weight of soybean carbohydrate fed as whole beans. Enzymatic treatment of comminuted soybeans, designed to hydrolyze the constituent oligosaccharides, raffinose and stachyose, frequently cited as gas-formers, had only negligible effect on production of intestinal gas. Tempeh, made from soybean grits by mold fermentation, did not increase gas production over baseline values and caused a significant delay in the time of gas formation, suggestive of temporary suppression of intestinal bacteria. Ethanolic extraction of whole white beans reduced but did not eliminate their gas-forming quality.
The Influence of Race and Previous Pregnancy Outcome on Outcomes in the Current Pregnancy

There are very few predictors of pregnancy outcome that are consistent among studies. These include maternal race or ethnicity, previous pregnancy history, smoking, and some measures of maternal size. This review will consider the effects of race/ethnicity and previous pregnancy outcome on the outcome of the current pregnancy. Before progressing further into this review, it should be emphasized that race/ ethnicity itself is an extremely complicated and often controversial subject. To many writers, race connotes skin color and/or specific external features, whereas to others race or ethnicity may be defined not only by physical characteristics, but by language and culture as well. For example, the term "Hispanic" is often used to group patients whose family origins are from Latin American. However, Hispanics may be white, black, or of Native American extraction, and there exist many cultural differences between various groups such as Puerto Ricans and Mexican-Americans. In this review, which is a summary of many articles, it is difficult, if not impossible, to define exactly what each author had in mind when terms such as black, non-white, African American, Hispanic, Asian, Pacific-Islander, Native American, or American Indian were used. Nevertheless, because various outcomes have been associated with mothers or infants classified in this way, we will continue to use these terms, understanding that their definitions are often not precise and various authors have attached different meanings to these racial and ethnic classifications. Pregnancy outcome is also a complicated sub
FEASIBILITY OF HOME FERMENTATION TO IMPROVE THE AMINO ACID BALANCE OF CORN MEAL

The relative nutritiive value (RNV) of corn meal, as determined by Tetrahymena pyiformis W method, was improved by fermenting corn meal with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis ATCC 1369. Fermentation of corn meal with Candida tropicalis ATCC 1369 without prior enzyme hydrolysis of the starch with corn malt and adjusting the pH one time appeared the most feasible method. Evaluation of the nutritive value of corn malt indicated that it had the same RNV as casein.
Non-uniform ACC Circuit Lower Bounds

The class ACC consists of circuit families with constant depth over unbounded fan-in AND, OR, NOT, and MOD$m$ gates, where $m > 1$ is an arbitrary constant. We prove:- $NTIME[2^n]$ does not have non-uniform ACC circuits of polynomial size. The size lower bound can be strengthened to quasi-polynomials and other less natural functions.- $E^{NP}$, the class of languages recognized in $2^{O(n)}$ time with an $NP$ oracle, doesn't have non-uniform ACC circuits of $2^{n^{o(1)}}$ size. The lower bound gives a size-depth tradeoff: for every $d$, $m$ there is a $\delta > 0$ such that $E^{NP}$ doesn't have depth-$d$ ACC circuits of size $2^{n^{\delta}}$ with MOD$m$ gates.Previously, it was not known whether $EXP^{NP}$ had depth-3 polynomial size circuits made out of only MOD6 gates. The high-level strategy is to design faster algorithms for the circuit satisfiability problem over ACC circuits, then prove that such algorithms can be applied to obtain the above lower bounds.
Building a Tobacco Cessation Telehealth Care Management Program for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

BACKGROUND: Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have high rates of smoking. Motivational interviewing (MI) enhances readiness for change. OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility and fidelity of home telehealth care management strategy to improve quit rates. DESIGN: A telehealth device delivered a cessation curriculum while a nurse supported veterans through weekly MI telephone calls. Treatment fidelity was evaluated. Outcomes measures included changes in smoking behaviors, stage of change, dose effect, and participant satisfaction with intervention. RESULTS: There was a correlation (r = −.677; p = .03) at the end of treatment between readiness to change and number of cigarettes smoked per day. As 11 participants progressed along stages of change, they smoked fewer cigarettes per day. Two (20%) quit smoking. The nurse adhered to MI principles. Participants were highly satisfied and 100% felt curriculum delivered new information and respected choices. CONCLUSIONS: It was feasible to deliver the ho...
Assessment of the water quality components in turbid estuarine waters based on radiative transfer approximations

Bio-geo-optical data collected in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, USA were used to develop a semi-empirical optical algorithm for assessing inherent optical properties associated with water quality components (WQCs). Three wavelengths (560, 665, and 709 nm) were explored for algorithm development. WQCs included chlorophyll a (Chl), volatile suspended solids (VSS), fixed suspended solids (FSS), total suspended solids (TSS), and absorption of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (aCDOM ). The relationships between the measured remote-sensing reflectance and the WQCs were derived based on radiative transfer model calculations. We simulated and analyzed the impact of CDOM absorption in the red and near infrared spectral domains, multiple scattering, and scattering phase function on the accuracy of WQCs prediction. The algorithm was validated by comparing experimental Chl dynamics with predicted values and a numerical comparison between measured and modeled Chl values. The numerical comparison yielde...
Integration of Notch and Wnt signaling in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance

A fundamental question in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) biology is how self-renewal is controlled. Here we show that the molecular regulation of two critical elements of self-renewal, inhibition of differentiation and induction of proliferation, can be uncoupled, and we identify Notch signaling as a key factor in inhibiting differentiation. Using transgenic Notch reporter mice, we found that Notch signaling was active in HSCs in vivo and downregulated as HSCs differentiated. Inhibition of Notch signaling led to accelerated differentiation of HSCs in vitro and depletion of HSCs in vivo. Finally, intact Notch signaling was required for Wnt-mediated maintenance of undifferentiated HSCs but not for survival or entry into the cell cycle in vitro. These data suggest that Notch signaling has a dominant function in inhibiting differentiation and provide a model for how HSCs may integrate multiple signals to maintain the stem cell state.
Living with asthma.

Living with asthma is a challenging task. Learning to live with asthma using a self-management plan helps patients to achieve control of their asthma. Self-management and control tend to improve quality of life. This article relates one nurse's experience of living with asthma to self-management, partnership with the health care team, quality of life, and control of asthma.
Antigenic Cross-Reactivity Between Human and Pig Zona Pellucida

The concept of immunological interference with reproductive processes for fertility control has been investigated primarily with antigens of the male reproductive system. Recent interest had been shown in antigens in female tissues in paricular the zona pellucida. It appears to fulfill the basic criteria for an immunological approach: 1) a reproductive tissue-specific antigen 2) antibodies directed against such an antigen must be capable of reaching that antigen in situ and 3) such antibodies must inhibit the reproductive function of that antigen. The immunological cross reactivity of rabit antihuman ovary and rabbit antipig ovary sera toward zona antigens was tested and found to demonatrate a low degree of cross reactivity when tested by immunodiffusion against ovarian extracts from the other species. Only 1 of the 41 antihuman ovary sera tested produced a precipitaiton layer on the isolated pig zona. All 10 of the 41 sera tested for antibodies which react with pig zonae by the the indirect fluorescent antibody technique were positive including an antisera rendered specific to human ovary by absorption. Antipig ovary serum was found to cross react with isolated human zonae both by the production of a precipitation on the zona and by high levels of fluorescene in the indirect fluorescent antibody test. These findings indicate that a common antigen is shared by the human and pig zona pellucida.(Authors modified)
Red cell collection by apheresis technology

To determine the feasibility of collecting 2 units (450 mL) of red cells per donation by apheresis technology, apheresis red cell collections were compared to whole-blood donations. Forty blood donors were equally divided between the two study arms on the basis of gender and iron supplementation (650 mg ferrous gluconate/day vs. no supplementation). During the 1-year study period, the apheresis participants donated 450 mL of red cells three times, and the whole-blood donors gave 225 mL of red cells (1 unit of blood) on six occasions. There were no reported side effects during the 102 whole-blood donations, whereas symptoms were noted in 83 percent of the 59 apheresis procedures. The most common symptoms were numbness and tingling, which were relieved by a decrease in the plasma-return rate or by the administration of oral calcium supplements. Seven donors dropped out or were deferred during the study. Two whole-blood donors left with medical problems unrelated to the study, one apheresis donor and one whole-blood donor dropped out of the study because of excessive fatigue, and three non-iron-supplemented whole-blood donors had unacceptably low hematocrit levels. By the end of the study, 70 percent of the apheresis donors considered the procedure acceptable, 15 percent were undecided, and 15 percent thought it was not acceptable. As measures of iron balance, the serum ferritin and the red cell zinc protoporphyrin:heme ratios were significantly more abnormal in the non-iron-supplemented donors than in the iron-supplemented donors. However, there were no differences in iron balance according to the donation method.
Reflectance spectra of Munsell standard chips and their appearance

In this article, we present the results of analysis by two different methods for representing information in reflectance spectra of Munsell standard chips that relates to their appearance. The spectrum of a chip j is denoted as rjl where l represents wavelength k from 430 to 660 nm with 1 nm intervals. The spectrum of light reflected from a chip j under D65 is rjl 3 el where el represents the spectral power distribution of D65 illumination. In one method, singular value decomposition is applied to a matrix of (rjl 3 el). Combining results of this analysis with results of human assessment experiments, we obtain four curves n0a(H) that represent principal hue compo- nents a in Munsell Hue, a ¼ redness, yellowness, green- ness, and blueness (Fig. 6). The other method is multiple regression of each (rjl 3 el) to activities of three kinds of cones in the retina. From this analysis, we obtain three curves Bq(H) that represent relative involvements of q ¼ L, M, S cone activities in determining the appearance of Munsell Hue (Fig. 10). Two sets of curves, n0a(H), and Bq(H), are compared with predictions from a model of higher order color mechanism (Fig. 12) that has been proposed on the basis of experiments with light stimuli of wavelength k. It is found that n0a(H), and Bq(H) con- structed from broadband spectra of Munsell chips are in- terpretable in terms of this model. 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 33, 229-237, 2008; Published online in Wiley
Influence of Parallel and Orthogonal Real Lines on Illusory Contour Perception

Real lines and illusory contours (ICs) have been reported to either interfere with or facilitate the perception of the other, depending on real line orientation and contrast. Here we investigate contextual effects of real lines on illusory contour perception. Curvature discrimination thresholds of Kanizsa-contours were measured for superimposed real lines of different sub- and suprathreshold contrasts. We find that parallel lines interfere with curvature discrimination at suprathreshold, whereas orthogonal lines interfere at subthreshold contrasts. We did not find stable facilitating effects of lines in any orientation or contrast. These results are discussed in relation to existing physiological and imaging data.
OpenMP to GPGPU: a compiler framework for automatic translation and optimization

GPGPUs have recently emerged as powerful vehicles for general-purpose high-performance computing. Although a new Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) programming model from NVIDIA offers improved programmability for general computing, programming GPGPUs is still complex and error-prone. This paper presents a compiler framework for automatic source-to-source translation of standard OpenMP applications into CUDA-based GPGPU applications. The goal of this translation is to further improve programmability and make existing OpenMP applications amenable to execution on GPGPUs. In this paper, we have identified several key transformation techniques, which enable efficient GPU global memory access, to achieve high performance. Experimental results from two important kernels (JACOBI and SPMUL) and two NAS OpenMP Parallel Benchmarks (EP and CG) show that the described translator and compile-time optimizations work well on both regular and irregular applications, leading to performance improvements of up to 50X over the unoptimized translation (up to 328X over serial).
Effective Media Use: Using Film And Television To Instruct An Organizational Behavior Course

Media can be used to effectively teach Organizational Behavior (OB) concepts at the college level. University instructors have the option to employ several different methods of teaching in order to convey course concepts in the classroom. This article describes the effectiveness that five particular pieces of media can have on active learning in an undergraduate OB class. The films For Love of the Game, 300, and 12 Angry Men, as well as the episode All Due Respect of the television series The Sopranos and the episode Did I Stutter? of the television series The Office, will be analyzed. This article provides a background on each piece of media, as well practical suggestions on how to use them to instruct OB.
FLABELLIGERIDA FROM THE FRANCIS CREEK SHALE OF ILLINOIS

The Polychaetes of the Mazon Creek biota have been documented previously (Dawson, 1881; Thompson and Johnson, 1977; Thompson, 1979; Fitzhugh et al., 1997). Owing mainly to their rarity, several genera of fossil polychaetes had been noted but not described. Active amateur collecting of Mazon Creek concretions has allowed a number of uncommon, undescribed, flabelligerid annelid specimens to be cataloged into private and museum collections. All flabelligerid individuals are considered to be of one species. The Mazon Creek fossils are found in siderite nodules occurring within the Francis Creek shale, north central Illinois (Baird et al., 1986). The Francis Creek Shale is a Member of the Carbondale Formation, Desmoinesian Series, Middle Pennsylvanian System of North America (about 295 M.y.a.), and is equivalent to the Westphalian D of Europe (Baird and Maples, 1997). The lateral extent of Francis Creek/Mazon Creek-equivalent beds in the U.S. Midcontinent, is discussed by Baird et al. (1985). The flabelligerid annelid fossils are part of the Essex fauna, the marine phase of the Mazon Creek biota. ### Phylum AnnelidaLamarck, 1809 Class Polychaeta Grube, 1850 Order Flabelligerida Dales, 1963 Family Flabelligeridae Saint-Joseph, 1894 Body cylindrical or fusiform, segmented, not divided into distinct regions, and often tapering rapidly posteriorly. Integument may be densely papillated. The buccal segment normally retracted. A cephalic cage formed of forwardly directed setae that arise from the anteriormost segments, is present in many taxa. Parapodia biramous, not prominent, usually reduced to two bundles of setae that arise directly from the body …
Minimizing the caliber of myelinated axons by means of nodal constrictions.

In myelinated axons, most of the voltage-gated ion channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier, which are short gaps in the myelin sheath. This arrangement leads to saltatory conduction and a...
Pulmonary aspiration under GA: a 13-year audit in a tertiary pediatric unit.

SummaryIntroduction Pulmonary aspiration is a known risk of general anesthesia. We aim to find out the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of pulmonary aspiration in our pediatric population. Methods Since 2000, all critical incidents are reported on a standardized audit form. All cases with pulmonary aspiration being reported as a critical incident were identified and their case notes traced to look at the perioperative details. Results From 2000 to 2013, a total of 102 425 pediatric cases were done in our hospital. Twenty-two cases were reported to have aspirated during anesthesia giving an incidence of 0.02% (1 in 4655). Majority (59.0%) of the children were between the ages of 3–12 and of ASA 1 (54.5%). None of them had any history of pulmonary aspiration. Of the 22 cases, 12 occurred during induction, three during maintenance, three during emergence, three during recovery, and one occurred preinduction. Twelve cases had intravenous induction while the rest received inhalational induction. The type of induction does not appear to affect the incidence of aspiration (OR1.139 95%CI: 0.457–2.818 P = 0.76). Two cases were found to have a difficult airway during induction and 45.5% were emergency operations. Emergency surgeries put the patient at a higher risk of aspiration (OR4.321 95%CI: 1.735–10.687 P = 0.001). No mortality was reported. Surgery was canceled for one patient, two had unplanned admissions, seven were admitted to high dependency unit or intensive care unit with two requiring postoperative ventilation. Conclusion The incidence of aspiration under general anesthesia in our hospital is comparable to published reports. Our audit highlights the fact that pulmonary aspiration although rare mostly occur in healthy ASA 1 and 2 children with no prior history. Emergency surgeries put the patient at a higher risk of aspiration. They occurred usually during induction, a process which tends to be variable (in technique and duration) for pediatric patients.
Unbiased identification of substrates of protein tyrosine phosphatase ptp-3 in C. elegans

The leukocyte antigen related (LAR) family of receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases has three members in humans - PTPRF, PTPRD and PTPRS - that have been implicated in diverse processes including embryonic development, inhibition of cell growth and axonal guidance. Mutations in the LAR family are associated with developmental defects such as cleft palate as well as various cancers including breast, neck, lung, colon and brain. Although this family of tyrosine phosphatases is important for many developmental processes, little is known of their substrates. This is partially due to functional redundancy within the LAR family, as deletion of a single gene in the LAR family does not have an appreciable phenotype, but a dual knockout is embryonically lethal in mouse models. To circumvent the inability to knockout multiple members of the LAR family in mouse models, we used a knockout of ptp-3, which is the only known ortholog of the LAR family in Caenorhabditis elegans and allows for the study of the LAR family at the organismal level. Using SILAC-based quantitative phosphoproteomics, we identified 255 putative substrates of ptp-3, which included four of the nine known annotated substrates of the LAR family. A motif analysis of the identified phosphopeptides allowed for the determination of sequences that appear to be preferentially dephosphorylated. Finally, we discovered that kinases were overrepresented in the list of identified putative substrates and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation is known to increase kinase activity were dephosphorylated by ptp-3. These data are suggestive of ptp-3 as a potential negative regulator of several kinase families, such as the mitogen activated kinases (MAPKs), and multiple tyrosine kinases including FER, MET, and NTRK2.
Parameter Identification and Modeling Simulation of UNITROL 5000 Excitation Regulator

The paper briefly introduces UNITROL 5000 static shunt self excitation system and expounds problems and corresponding solutions in identifying parameters of such regulator models.It analyzes relationship between magnification measurement of regulators and internal parameter setting,and illustates ways to accurately obtain amplification factor of the regulator via examples.
Aggressive quadrotor flight through cluttered environments using mixed integer programming

Quadrotor flight has typically been limited to sparse environments due to numerical complications that arise when dealing with large numbers of obstacles. We hypothesized that it would be possible to plan and robustly execute trajectories in obstacle-dense environments using the novel Iterative Regional Inflation by Semidefinite programming algorithm (IRIS), mixed-integer semidefinite programs (MISDP), and model-based control. Unlike sampling-based approaches, the planning algorithm first introduced by Deits theoretically guarantees non-penetration of the trajectories even with small obstacles such as strings. We present experimental validation of this claim by aggressively flying a small quadrotor (34g, 92mm rotor to rotor) in a series of indoor environments including a cubic meter volume containing 20 interwoven strings, and present the control architecture we developed to do so.
Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices : Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes

Abstract Objectives This study sought to determine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its association with cardiac outcomes in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Background LVADs are pivotal treatments for end-stage heart failure and a critical bridge to heart transplantation. Methods Medical records of 249 consecutive patients who received an LVAD at Columbia University Medical Center were reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical variables, medications, and outcomes were recorded. Descriptive statistics were generated, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the independent association of clinical variables with the presence of AF. Results Overall, AF was documented in 80 patients (32%) following LVAD placement. Before LVAD placement, 182 patients had no history of AF, whereas 67 patients had documented AF. Among these 67 patients, 56 (84%) continued to have AF following LVAD placement; 24 patients without a history of AF (13%) developed AF after LVAD placement. Patients manifesting AF after LVAD placement were more likely to have had AF before LVAD insertion (p Conclusions AF is common in patients with LVADs, with 32% manifesting AF after placement of their LVAD, including 13% without a prior documented history of AF. The presence of AF was not associated with increased risk of death or stroke.
Evaluation of Pharmacodynamic Interactions Between Telavancin and Aztreonam or Piperacillin/Tazobactam Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Introduction In clinical trials comparing telavancin (TLV) with vancomycin for treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia, TLV demonstrated lower clinical cure rates than vancomycin in patients who had mixed gram-positive and -negative infections and were concomitantly treated with either aztreonam (ATM) or piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ). Here, we investigated therapeutic interactions between TLV and ATM or PTZ in an in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model under simulated reduced renal function conditions.
Blacks on Brown: Intra-Community Debates over School Desegregation in Topeka, Kansas, 1941–1955

In the decade before Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka , the NAACP's efforts to desegregate Topeka's elementary schools divided black residents. Many were concerned that destroying all-black schools would undermine the quality of black education. Their activism reveals a lack of consensus among blacks over the desirability of integrated educational spaces.
The Bible and Handel’s Messiah: Some Sources on Their Relation and Use

David R. Powell is Assistant Librarian at the John W. Dickhaut Library, Methodist Theological School in Ohio. How many times is it now that you have heard the “Hallelujah” chorus come wafting over the bread aisle or reverberating from the radio since just after Halloween (or Reformation Day, if one prefers)? Apart from whatever else one might be thinking on such occasions these December days, how often it happens that one turns to a companion and says, “That comes from Revelation 11 and 19, you know.” Well, perhaps not, but most are at least under the impression that the libretto of this oratorio (never minding for the moment the musicological arguments over calling Messiah an oratorio) has been assembled from verses from the Bible. While this is true enough on the surface, it was, of course, no mere cut-and-paste job. Questions arise about how and why the text ended up as it did and about how to respond to it now that we have it. This essay introduces a number of English-language sources that have gone about answering these questions in a variety of ways, some by way of criticism and commentary and others by way of devotion. Still other more general titles will be listed under Further Reading, which approach Messiah more historically and musicologically, as some of them are often cited in the more focused sources under consideration.
Is Design of New Drugs a Challenge for Kinematics

The systematic study of kinematics can be traced to the writings of the ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Romans and Persians as far back as 500 B.C.. For many centuries kinematics (along with geometry) was regarded as one of the basic sciences that explained observed physical phenomena, and was used to engineer machines. Though it may seem unlikely, today a valid claim may be that: kinematics (and in particular robot kinematics) is one of the disciplines that can significantly contribute to the understanding of the function of the biological systems at the microscopic level, and can be utilized to engineer new diagnostic tools, treatments and drugs for various diseases. Given the vast body of knowledge in the theoretical, applied and analytical kinematics and robotics, the obvious absence of the kinematics community and their contribution in the field of protein fold prediction, protein docking, protein engineering and drug design is puzzling. In this paper we will discuss these potential areas and challenges in biotechnology that might be pertinent and of interest to the kinematics and robotics research community.
Trends in sex differences in the receipt of quality of care indicators among adults with diabetes: United States 2002-2011

Evidence suggests disparities in quality of care (QoC) indicators based on sex exist in adults diagnosed with diabetes; however, this research is limited. Therefore, the objective of this research study was to assess differences in QOC indicators in a nationally representative sample of men and women with diabetes. Cross-sectional study of 17,702 men and women (≥18 years of age) with diabetes from the 2002–2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Household Component. Sex was the main predictor variable, and the dependent variables were five binary indicators to measure QOC, which included testing of hemoglobin A1c, examining feet annually, getting eyes dilated, checking blood pressure, and visiting the doctor annually. Sample demographics by sex were assessed. Unadjusted analyses were computed for descriptive statistics by sex and proportions of QOC indicators over time. Logistic regression evaluated associations between QOC indicators and sex, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, time, and comorbid conditions. Approximately 44% and 56% of the sample was comprised of men and women, respectively. Unadjusted analyses showed significant differences in A1c testing (p < 0.001) and foot examinations (p = 0.002) for the entire sample, and significant differences in A1c testing (p = 0.027), foot examinations (p = 0.01), and dilated eye exams (p = 0.026) among men and A1c testing (p < 0.001) among women overtime. Adjusted analyses found women to be significantly more likely to have dilated eye examinations during a given year (OR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.04, 1.24), to get their blood pressure checked by a doctor in a given year (OR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.13, 1.84), and to visit a doctor annually (OR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.22, 1.58) compared to men. In this sample of adults with diabetes, women had significantly higher odds of receiving quality of care compared to men. These findings suggest the importance of educating patients about appropriate metrics of diabetes management, especially men, and the need for continuous empowerment of women to receive proper and optimal care. Additional research is needed to identify causes and reduce sex and gender disparities associated with diabetes quality of care.
The Development Of Community Development

In 1972, direct rule was imposed by the British Government, suspending the government and democracy in Northern Ireland. This situation is often described as “the absence of politics” but what it meant was that politics was carried out by other means. Donahoe argues that community development was a field of public engagement that worked to constructively fill the political vacuum. Community development arose in the face of overlapping destructive forces, referred to as the triple whammy: economic collapse, redevelopment, and the Troubles. As each of these forces contributed to distrust and alienation between communities, community development projects invested in people and neighborhoods within communities. It was a form of participatory politics that continues to challenge representative politics today.
Free-Moving and Tethered Preparations

Perhaps the most direct method for measuring nervous activity in insects is capillary recording from chemosensory hairs. First introduced in the 1950s (Hodgson et al., 1955), this method consists of placing a small capillary tube containing an electrically conducting salt solution over a chemoreceptive hair, originally on the labellar hairs of Diptera, and recording with respect to a ground electrode in the head.
Development of a general defined medium for Pichia pastoris

Pichia pastoris is widely used as a host for recombinant protein production. More than 500 proteins have been expressed in the organism at a variety of cultivation scales, from small shake flasks to large bioreactors. Large-scale fermentation strategies typically employ chemically defined growth medium because of its greater batch-to-batch consistency and in many cases, lower costs compared to complex medium. For biopharmaceuticals, defined growth medium may also simplify downstream purification and regulatory documentation. Standard formulations of defined media for P. pastoris are minimal ones that lack the metabolic intermediates provided by complex components such as peptone and yeast extract. As a result, growth rates and per-cell productivities are significantly lower than in complex medium. We have designed a rich defined medium (RDM) for Pichia pastoris by systematically evaluating nutrients of increasing complexity and identifying those that are most critical for growth. We have also employed transcriptomics to gain deeper insights into the underlying metabolic processes and inform our media design. We have demonstrated that using RDM for expression of three heterologous proteins yields titers comparable to, or higher than, those in standard complex medium. RDM improves productivity of P. pastoris fermentations and its development demonstrates the usefulness of transcriptomics to accelerate process development for new molecules.
Biopolitical and Phenomenological Underpinnings of Embodied Contestation: Further Reflections on Creative Insurgency

This chapter explains how the theoretical traditions of biopolitics and phenomenology, as expressed in Michel Foucault’s Discipline and Punish and Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception, underpin a notion of embodied contestation that I develop in The Naked Blogger of Cairo: Creative Insurgency in the Arab World (2016). I identify two modalities of revolutionary activism, reflecting entangled modalities of contestation in which the human body takes a central place. The first, “Burning Man,” is a radical, biopolitical mode of contestation in which the human body self-consumes in violent, spectacular acts that interrupt daily routine. The second, “Laughing Cow,” is a gradual, transgressive, mode of contestation in which the human body is both material instrument and symbolic locus of micro-acts of contestation that fold into daily routine. In between are various acts in which the human body takes over public space, in a game of perception and experience best explained by the phenomenological tradition.
A Computational Study of Conformers of 2-Thiaoxacyclohexane (1,2-Oxathiane)

Ab initio molecular orbital theory with the 6-31G(d), 6-31G(2d), 6-31+G(d), 6-31G(d,p), 6-31+G(d,p), and 6-311G(d,p) basis sets and the hybrid density functionals B3LYP, B3P86, and B3PW91 have been used to calculate the optimized geometries and relative energies of the chair, half-chair, sofa, twist, and boat structures of 2-thiaoxacyclohexane (1,2-oxathiane). The values of the energy difference (ΔE, kcal/mol) between the chair and 3,6-twist structures of 1,2-oxathiane were 4.92 (HF), 4.73 (MP2), and 4.66 (DFT). The HF chair–twist energy difference (ΔGc–to) for 1,2-oxathane was 5.16 kcal/mol. Intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations connected a transition state (TS-A) between the chair conformation and the less stable 2,5-twist form and connected two transition states (TS-B, TS-C) between the chair conformation and the more stable 3,6-twist conformer. The DFT energy differences between the chair and TS-A, TS-B, and TS-C were 11.4, 10.8, and 12.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Hyperconjugative stereoelectronic interactions were observed in the chair (no → \(\sigma _{{\text{C}}6 - {\text{H}}_{{\text{ax}}} }^*\) and \(\sigma _{{\text{C}} - {\text{H}}_{{\text{ax}}} } \) → \(\sigma _{{\text{C}} - {\text{H}}_{{\text{ax}}} }^* \)) and 3,6-twist (nS → \(\sigma _{{\text{C3}} - {\text{His}}_{{\text{oa}}} }^* \) and nO → \(\sigma _{{\text{C6}} - {\text{His}}_{{\text{oa}}} }^* \)) conformers of 1,2-oxathiane. The chair conformation of 1,2-oxthiane is 9.6 and 10.0 kcal/mol, respectively, less stable than the chair conformations of 3-thiaoxacyclohexane (1,3-oxathiane) and 4-thiaoxacyclohexane (1,4-oxathiane, thioxane).
Dealing with “Murky Monsters and Dastardly Demons”: A Response to Underwager and Wakefield:

The author responds to Underwager and Wakefield (1992) with a critique of what he regards as their cavalier and counterproductive approach to the nature and extent of Satanic influence on either pe...
Pregnant women: understanding pregnant women’s shape, sizing and apparel style preferences

Abstract: Manufacturers/retailers recognize the benefit of focusing on specific target markets, and the importance of working with the right information such as accurate body measurements and idiosyncrasies and varying tastes related to the one target market. The concept of specific, appealing and well-fitting garments is now being applied in this chapter to a dynamic target market: the pregnant woman.
Ethics before God and markets: A theory of moral action in conversation with Adam Smith and Ernst Troeltsch

This paper investigates a limitation of the model of belief and knowledge prevailing in mainstream economics, namely the state-space model. Because of its set-theoretic nature, this model has difficulties in capturing the difference between expressions that designate the same object but have different meanings, i.e., expressions with the same extension but different intensions. This limitation generates puzzling results concerning what individuals believe or know about the world as well as what individuals believe or know about what other individuals believe or know about the world. The paper connects these puzzling results to two issues that are relevant for economic theory beyond the state-space model, namely, framing effects and the distinction between the model-maker and agents that appear in the model. Finally, the paper discusses three possible solutions to the limitations of the state-space model, and concludes that the two alternatives that appear practicable also have significant drawbacks.
Leibniz on Compossibility: Some Scholastic Sources

The question has often been raised (and a negative answer has sometimes been given)1 of whether or not Leibniz took the relation of compossibility to be an equivalence relation, or — more neutrally put — whether or not his logical calculi and his metaphysical system require that the relation of compossibility be reflexive, symmetric, and transitive. The negative answer is indeed correct, provided we take the relata of that relation to be “incomplete” concepts (or else states of affairs, or propositions, which are themselves “incomplete” or mutually “independent”). But an affirmative answer is also correct, provided we take the relata of that relation to be complete individual concepts, and provided each of the constituents of any given possible world w (think of w as a maximally consistent set of mutually compossible complete concepts) is taken to “mirror”, to be “mirrored” by, and to be connected with, every other constituent of w.