cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Nonverbal Disclosure of Deception in Urban Koreans

The nature of nonverbal disclosure of deception was experimentally examined. Stimulus persons, who were led to be verbally truthful or deceptive, were 28 male and female urban Koreans in three age groups: first graders, seventh graders, and college-age students. They were secretly videotaped, and their nonverbal facial expressions were analyzed by adult Korean judges. Results showed that all stimulus persons, except the female seventh graders, were able to be successfully deceptive nonverbally. However, the nature of the successful deception varied according to the age and sex of the stimulus person. The female college students were the most successful at recreating a veridical response, while the first grade females and all the males appeared more pleased when being deceptive than when being truthful.
An empirical study of online auction dynamics

In this study, we segment online auctions into four segments. Time series analysis shows that current auctions are more likely affected by the most recently completed auctions, and the completed auctions have more influence on experienced sellers than on new sellers. The behaviour of selling used items can be explained by the behaviour of selling new items, and vice versa. The auctions listed by experienced sellers have certain influence on the auctions listed by new sellers, but the auctions listed by new sellers have no influence on those listed by experienced sellers. All these findings have significant managerial implications.
Primary production in the Southern Ocean, 1997–2006

[1] Estimates of primary production in the Southern Ocean are difficult to obtain but are essential if we are to understand its role in the global carbon cycle. Here we present a 9-year time series of daily primary production calculated from remotely sensed ocean color, sea surface temperature, and sea ice concentration using a primary production algorithm parameterized specifically for use in Southern Ocean waters. Results suggest that total annual production in waters south of 50°S averaged 1949 ± 70.1 Tg C a−1 (where a is years) between 1998 and 2006, approximately half that of previous estimates. The large but relatively unproductive pelagic province accounted for ∼90% of Southern Ocean production, while area normalized rates of production were greatest on the much smaller continental shelf (109 g C m−2 a−1). Surprisingly, production in the marginal ice zone was only slightly higher than in the pelagic province. The Ross Sea was the most productive sector of the Southern Ocean (mean = 503 Tg C a−1), followed closely by the Weddell Sea (mean = 477 Tg C a−1). Unlike the Arctic Ocean, there was no secular trend in either sea ice cover or annual primary production in the Southern Ocean during our 9-year study. Interannual variability in annual production was most closely tied to changes in sea ice cover, although changes in sea surface temperature also played a role. Only 31% of the variation in annual production was explained by the Southern Annular Mode. Annual primary production could increase in the future as stronger winds increase nutrient upwelling.
Effect of periodic modulation of the coupling ratios on the sensitivity of a CROW gyroscope

This paper presents numerical simulations of the sensitivity to rotation of a coupled resonant optical waveguide (CROW) gyroscope consisting of multiple rings with couplings periodically modulated strong and weak around the central ring. Two variations of this general configuration are considered: namely, CROWs with either two separate input/output waveguides or a single input/output waveguide, and CROWs in which the rings are folded on top of each other. The single-waveguide folded CROW gyroscope is found to exhibit the highest sensitivity, and this maximum sensitivity is slightly lower than the maximum sensitivity of a single-resonator gyroscope.
Two-Neighbor Orientation Model with Cross-Boundary Global Contexts

Long distance reordering remains one of the greatest challenges in statistical machine translation research as the key contextual information may well be beyond the confine of translation units. In this paper, we propose Two-Neighbor Orientation (TNO) model that jointly models the orientation decisions between anchors and two neighboring multi-unit chunks which may cross phrase or rule boundaries. We explicitly model the longest span of such chunks, referred to as Maximal Orientation Span, to serve as a global parameter that constrains underlying local decisions. We integrate our proposed model into a state-of-the-art string-to-dependency translation system and demonstrate the efficacy of our proposal in a large-scale Chinese-to-English translation task. On NIST MT08 set, our most advanced model brings around +2.0 BLEU and -1.0 TER improvement.
Allocation of high demand, scarce medical technology: Lessons for proton radiotherapy

e17570 Background: Proton radiotherapy is a scarce therapeutic resource. To inform policy development on the allocation of proton radiotherapy, we performed a systematic review to investigate the u...
Progress in the Development and Construction of a 32-T Superconducting Magnet

The 32-T superconducting magnet is envisioned as a 15-T low-temperature superconductor (LTS) magnet combined with a separately powered REBCO high-temperature superconductor (HTS) insert configured as two coil stacks generating 17 T. Progress was made in all aspects of this project and is reported in this work. The design concept, which has been quite stable, is presented, as well as key elements from recent developments such as increased voltage standoff requirements. In both factory testing and installation at the NHMFL, the 15-T/250-mm-bore outer magnet built by Oxford Instruments met all specifications, including a ramp time of 1 h to full field. The test protocol included a deliberately induced full-field quench, releasing 7 MJ. After the helium level recovered, the magnet was ramped again in 1 h to full field, demonstrating full recovery. Helium boiloffs during normal operation and quench were observed, as well as the current and field decay during quench. The latter information serves as one of many inputs for the numerical quench code developed specifically to model quench in coupled LTS-HTS coils. Results from the 32-T quench analysis and implications for quench protection are summarized. All HTS conductor lengths were subjected to an extensive quality assurance (QA) protocol, and SuperPower has now delivered all required conductor lengths within specifications. A summary of the QA data and its implications are presented. The prototype coils, which are very similar in design to the 32-T REBCO coils but of reduced height, have now been impregnated with paraffin to address winding motion observed in previous testing. The prototype test protocol includes a study of the effectiveness of the quench heaters in the HTS coils in both a constant background field as provided by the actual 15-T LTS outer magnet for 32 T and, uniquely, in case the outer magnet is deliberately quenched.
Structural brain indices and executive functioning in multiple sclerosis: A review

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease characterized by lesion-induced white matter deterioration. Brain atrophy and damage to normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and normal appearing gray matter (NAGM) have also been identified as consequences of MS. Neuroimaging has played an integral role in investigating the effects of white and gray matter damage across the three primary clinical phenotypes of the disease-primary progressive (PPMS), relapsing remitting (RRMS), and secondary progressive (SPMS) MS. Both conventional (e.g., T1-weighted imaged) and nonconventional (e.g., diffusion tensor imaging) neuroimaging methods have yielded important information regarding the structural integrity of the brain during the course of the disease. Moreover, it has provided the opportunity to explore the relationship between structural brain indices and cognitive functioning, such as executive functioning, in MS. In this paper, we provide a brief overview of executive functioning in MS, a general review of how structural damage presents in MS by way of sclerotic lesions, atrophy, and microstructural white matter damage, and, finally, how structural brain damage relates to executive dysfunction.
Examination of a Peer-Led, Non-Diet Nutrition and Exercise Adherence Pilot Program on a College Campus: FitU

A non-equivalent control group design was utilized to investigate the effect of a non-diet, peer-led, tailored nutrition and exercise adherence intervention (FitU) on exercise stages of change, intuitive eating, and barriers to healthy eating and exercise in college females. Female students (n=17) who enrolled in the 8-10 week program served as the intervention group and general education students who did not receive an intervention served as the control group (n=16). Surveys were administered pre and post intervention over two consecutive semesters. Utilizing ANCOVA analyses, reported barriers to eating healthy decreased (p=.008) and one intuitive eating subscale, eating for physical rather than emotional reasons improved significantly (p=.01) in the intervention group compared to control from pre to post. Further, 65% of the intervention group reported an improvement in exercise stage of change and none relapsed compared with only 20% improvement and 40% relapse in the control group from pre to postintervention. The majority of the intervention participants also reported improved dietary (82.4%) and exercise (76.5%) patterns/thoughts. Peer-led and individually tailored, non-diet nutrition and exercise interventions may effectively promote healthy behaviors among college females.
The Web of Managerial Accountability: The Impact of Reinventing Government

This article examines how government reinvention affects the accountability of public managers to different stakeholders by comparing the reinvention of federal welfare, education, and environmenta...
A Reanalysis of the 1727 Earthquake at Newbury, Massachusetts

This study is a new analysis of the Newbury, Massachusetts earthquake of 1727, a damaging event that was widely felt in the northeastern U.S. A number of details of the 1727 main shock source parameters are inferred from a new compilation of felt aftershocks of the earthquake combined with an analysis of a series of small earthquakes that took place at Amesbury, Massachusetts in January 1999. The distribution of intensity with distance suggests that the 1727 earthquake had an m b of about 5.6, and the area of the greatest number of felt aftershocks indicates it probably had a shallow epicenter just northwest of Newbury. The main shock was followed by a very energetic and long-lasting aftershock sequence, similar to that following the 1982 earthquake at Miramichi, New Brunswick. The 1727 earthquake may have occurred on a northwest-southeast-striking thrust fault whose trend is perpendicular to most of the mapped bedrock faults in the vicinity. The 1727 main shock today still may be generating a felt earthquake every several years in its epicentral area.
Pediatric Sport-Related Concussion Education: Effectiveness and Long-Term Retention of the Head Safety Youth Sports (HSYS) Program for Youth Athletes, Ages 11-16 (S3.005)

OBJECTIVE: To create and implement an educational curriculum to raise awareness about concussions and head injuries as well as provide information for safe participation in sports. The goals of this study are to evaluate the effectiveness of the curriculum for youth athletes and determine long-term retention in those who have previously participated. BACKGROUND: Recently, numerous organizations have implemented prevention measures for athletes in high-risk sports and are promoting programs for prevention of head injuries. We believe that a significant underserved population of athletes remains: youth athletes. METHODS: Middle-school students, ages 11 to 16 years, were tested to evaluate knowledge of basic neuroanatomy and concussion; and appropriate response to head injury. Tests were administered before and after HSYS Program participation and data were analyzed utilizing paired and unpaired t-tests and analysis of variance. Analysis evaluated for short-term and long-term retention as well as differences in gender and socioeconomic status affecting baseline scores. RESULTS: The pre-workshop and post-workshop mean test scores for participants from all five middle schools were 68[percnt] +/- 2[percnt] and 85[percnt] +/- 3[percnt], respectively, which demonstrated significant improvement in test scores after participation in the HSYS Program (paired t-test, PCONCLUSIONS: Previous participants in the HSYS Program demonstrate long-term retention with increased pre-workshop test scores reflecting improved baseline knowledge. The HSYS Program is a multifactorial educational curriculum that effectively engages youth athletes in understanding the significance of head safety and creates an opportunity to initiate this discussion early on and potentially influence youth athletic behavior to improve head safety. Disclosure: Dr. Elliott has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leary has nothing to disclose. Language: en
Demographic and nondemographic characteristics of psychiatric emergency patients.

Psychiatric emergency services lie at the interface of the community and the hospital. This article examines the demographic characteristics of those who come to the emergency department and the effects that these characteristics have on the disposition of the patient.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in autoimmune hepatitis.

To determine if hepatocellular carcinoma can develop in autoimmune hepatitis in the absence of viral infection and to assess its frequency, liver tissue removed at hepatectomy was tested for HBV DNA and HCV RNA in one patient and the frequency of hepatocellular carcinoma was determined in 212 other uniformly followed individuals. The liver tissue from the propositus was uninfected and only one patient (0.5%) in the cohort undergoing routine follow-up developed malignancy during 1732 patient-years of observation. Only one of 88 patients with cirrhosis (1%) developed hepatocellular carcinoma during 1002 patient-years of observation after cirrhosis (mean, 123 ± 9 months) and of the 65 patients with histological cirrhosis for at least five years, only one developed carcinoma during 162 ± 8 months (incidence, 1 per 965 patient-years). We conclude that hepatocellular carcinoma can develop in autoimmune hepatitis in the absence of viral infection. Its occurrence is rare and only in long-standing cirrhosis.
Variation in Osteogenic Differentiation Capacities of Adipose-derived Stromal Cells by Anatomic Depot

Although bone marrow has long been studied as the primary source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), adipose tissue has been increasingly studied as a rich source of tissue resident MSC. Since the first description of adipose-derived MSC, or adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC), it has been clear that ASC have significant advantages for clinical translation, including increased cell frequency, high growth potential, and residence in a dispensable and accessible location (subcutaneous fat). Nevertheless, it is increasingly clear that ASC differ by anatomic location, although the exact differences between anatomic depot are not entirely agreed upon. Striking differences exist between subcutaneous and visceral fat depots, but even more interesting between various anatomic regions within subcutaneous fat. Understanding the specific manners in which ASC differ by location is especially important in the context of tissue engineering. In summary, the current literature regarding ASC clearly shows that not all fat is created equally. Clear cut, and for the most part reproducible, differences exist in the osteogenic potential, adipogenic potential and proliferation of ASC depending on their site of origin. How this information should be used is still a matter of uncertainty.
Prioritized Role Assignment for Marking

This paper presents a system for marking or covering players on an opposing soccer team so as to best prevent them from scoring. A basis for the marking system is the introduction of prioritized role assignment, an extension to SCRAM dynamic role assignment used by the UT Austin Villa RoboCup 3D simulation team for formational positioning. The marking system is designed to allow for decentralized coordination among physically realistic simulated humanoid soccer playing robots in the partially observable, non-deterministic, noisy, dynamic, and limited communication setting of the RoboCup 3D simulation league simulator. Although it is discussed in the context of the RoboCup 3D simulation environment, the marking system is not domain specific and can readily be employed in other RoboCup leagues as prioritized role assignment generalizes well to many realistic and real-world multiagent systems.
Dialysis and Ethics

It is never an easy thing in our times to have the concerns of the philosopher. Not only a sort of “stranger in a strange land,” the philosopher is perforce obliged to do what is not usually done within his own native habitat: to gain a real appreciation of the rigors of clinical discipline, but more, to immerse himself in the terribly, and at times for him terrifying, concrete world of human suffering and affliction, thereby to practice his trade of pursuing the raw and disturbing questions of morals, humanity, and understanding. I can only hope that the following thoughts and questions will keep the spirit of that commitment and be actually appreciative of the lives of patients and the labors of clinicians.
Facilitatory role of efferent renal nerve activity on renal sensory receptors.

The effects of decreasing and increasing efferent renal nerve activity (ERNA) on the renorenal reflex responses to stimulation of renal mechanoreceptors (MR) (increased ureteral pressure) or renal chemoreceptors (CR) (retrograde ureteropelvic perfusion with 0.9 M NaCl) were examined in anesthetized rats. During prevailing ERNA, renal MR stimulation increased ipsilateral afferent renal nerve activity (ARNA) from 6 to 41 counts/s (spike counter) (n = 37) and from 2 to 6 resets/min, (voltage integrator) (n = 23), contralateral urine flow rate from 5.3 to 7.4 microliters . min-1 . g-1 (n = 38) and urinary sodium excretion from 0.7 to 1.1 mumol . min-1 . g-1 (n = 38) (all P less than 0.01), without affecting mean arterial pressure or contralateral glomerular filtration rate. Similar results were obtained with renal CR stimulation. Decreasing ERNA 74 +/- 4% by hexamethonium, 10% body weight isotonic saline volume expansion, or inflation of a balloon at the junction of right atria and superior vena cava abolished the increase in ipsilateral ARNA and the contralateral diuresis and natriuresis produced by stimulation of renal MR or CR. Increasing ERNA 254 +/- 120% (peak response, n = 15, P less than 0.01) by placing the rat's tail in 53 degrees C water increased basal ARNA 249 +/- 80% (n = 6, P less than 0.05) and enhanced the ipsilateral ARNA response 202 +/- 78% (n = 9, P less than 0.01) to renal MR stimulation. These results indicate that ERNA exerts a facilitatory effect on renal MR and CR and their afferent renal nerve fibers in the renorenal reflexes.
Combined surgery and cryotherapy for scleral invasion of epithelial malignancies.

Three patients with epithelial malignancies of the ocular adnexa, a basal cell carcinoma, a squamous cell carcinoma, and a malignant melanoma, are presented. All three had invasive tumors with scleral involvement. In an attempt to preserve the globe, treatment consisted of local surgical excision without lamellar or full thickness sclerectomy , followed by cryotherapy utilizing a double cycle freeze-thaw- refreeze technique to the underlying scleral bed and areas of suspected residual tumor. All three patients have been followed from 24 to 37 months without change in their initial visual acuity and without clinical recurrence of tumor. Although this combined surgical and cryosurgical approach cannot be advocated as a primary mode of therapy, it may offer a useful alternative to enucleation or exenteration in selected patients with ocular invasion of tumor in whom more radical surgery may be visually incapacitating or not otherwise feasible.
The Marketing of Personal Financial Counseling: Some Propositions

Focusing on the special problems faced by the providers of personal financial counseling, this paper develops seven propositions designed to improve marketing productivity among these institutions. The basis for these propositions is the authors’ observations of the financial counseling industry and a series of focused-group interviews among counselors as well as potential clients. The paper also presents an action-oriented methodology helpful for attracting and maintaining clients.
Septal Perforation Repair Without Intraoperative Mucosal Closure in a Patient With Graft Versus Host Disease

We report a technique used to achieve successful repair of 2 large septal perforations in a patient with graft versus host disease, chronic use of corticosteroids, and chronic use of immunosuppress...
Alcohol Use and Intimate Partner Violence in the City of Omaha, Nebraska

Alcohol is a common factor in incidents of interpersonal violence. According to the World Health Organization and research in the United States, alcohol is involved in a significant portion of rapes, assaults, and homicides (Fagan, 1990:243).
Efficient computation and model selection for regularized quantile regression

Quantile regression extends the statistical analysis of the response models beyond conditional means. We consider regularized quantile regression models. In particular, we consider two types of regularization, the L2-norm and the L1-norm. The L2-norm regularization leads to the quantile regression in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, which we refer to as the kernel quantile regression (KQR). The L1-norm regularization uses the sum of the absolute values of the regression coefficients as the penalty. We derive efficient algorithms that compute exact entire solution paths for both the KQR model and the L1-norm quantile regression (L1-norm QR) model. The solution path, ranging from the least regularized model to the most regularized model, is achieved with a computational cost essentially same as fitting a single model for a specified regularization parameter. We also derive an estimate for the effective dimension of the proposed model, which allows convenient selection of the regularization parameter. Both simulation and real world data are used to demonstrate the KQR and the L1-norm QR models.
Abstract 35: Atheroprotective Effects of Adiponectin Overexpression in a Model of AngII-Accelerated Atherosclerosis

Adiponectin, an adipocytokine derived from adipose tissue, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects on vascular cells. Although low plasma adiponectin levels are associated with the metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, it is unknown whether elevation of adiponectin levels protects against angiotensin II (AngII)-mediated vascular inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that increasing plasma adiponectin levels provides therapeutic benefit by inhibiting vascular actions of AngII promoting vascular inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDLR-/-) mice fed high-fat and infused with Ang-II were injected adenovirus expressing GFP (Ad-GFP) or mouse adiponectin (Ad-APN). After 8 weeks, plasma adiponectin levels were 5-fold higher in Ad-APN than Ad-GFP. This was accompanied by significant elevation of plasma HDL in Ad-APN mice (24% elevation vs ad-GFP). Quantification of atherosclerosis revealed a significant inhibition of atherosclerosis in Ad-APN (45% reduction vs Ad-GFP). Gene expression analyses revealed that adiponectin substantially inhibited mRNA levels of inflammatory and atherogenic genes (CD68, ICAM-1, AT-1R, osteopontin, MCP-1 and CCR2, scavenger receptors, SRA-1 and CD36) in the aortic wall. Interestingly, adiponectin increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine, 1L-10 and the reverse cholesterol transport genes, ABCA1 and ABCG1 in the aortic wall. Furthermore, adiponectin increased hepatic ABCA1 and PPAR-alpha expression. These data strongly support the concept that increasing plasma adiponectin levels is an effective therapeutic strategy to inhibit AngII-mediated vascular inflammation and accelerated atherosclerosis.
Creative Supervision for Counselors Working in a Hospice Setting

ABSTRACTThe number of individuals receiving hospice care in the United States is on the rise. Many individuals who suffer from debilitating health issues use the care of helping professionals in a hospice environment. Supervision approaches for counselors who encounter grief, loss, death, and bereavement issues in hospice settings are needed. The authors introduce three creative interventions for use with supervisees in one of the four stages of the integrative developmental model of supervision. One intervention, the “Rock Talk,” is more thoroughly explained and then demonstrated in a case illustration of a supervisee using the intervention to say goodbye to a hospice client.
4.7 Tafoni and Other Rock Basins

Tafoni and gnamma are cavernous weathering phenomena that have been extensively surveyed, discussed, and studied. From delicate, polygonal cells (2–4 mm) to huge circular pits (30 m+), they develop in a variety of rock substrates, commonly in sandstone (tafoni) and granite (gnamma). Early research on their initiation and development was divisive, but current studies indicate polygenetic, differential weathering from intrinsic factors including hydrolysis, hydration of lithologic constituents, to extrinsic influences like moisture availability, insolation, and salinity. Increasingly, it is believed that complex, feedback cycles are responsible for their sigmoidal rates of development.
Metacognitive Overload!: Positive and Negative Effects of Metacognitive Prompts in an Intelligent Tutoring System

Research suggests that promoting metacognitive awareness can increase performance in, and learning from, intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs). The current work examines the effects of two metacognitive prompts within iSTART, a reading comprehension strategy ITS in which students practice writing quality self-explanations. In addition to comparing iSTART practice to a no-training control, those in the iSTART condition (n = 116) were randomly assigned to a 2 (performance threshold: off, on) × 2(self-assessment: off, on) design. The performance threshold notified students when their average self-explanation score was below an experimenter-set threshold and the self-assessment prompted students to estimate their self-explanation score on the current trial. Students who practiced with iSTART had higher posttest self-explanation scores and inference comprehension scores on a transfer test than students in the no training control, replicating previous benefits for iSTART. However, there were no effects of either metacognitive prompt on these learning outcomes. In-system self-explanation scores indicated that the metacognitive prompts were detrimental to performance relative to standard iSTART practice. This study did not find benefits of metacognitive prompts in enhancing performance during practice or after the completion of training. Such findings support the idea that improving reading comprehension strategies comes from deliberate practice with actionable feedback rather than explicit metacognitive supports.
Access to asthma medicines at the household level in eight counties of Kenya.

Background It is estimated that about 4 million Kenyans, i.e., 10% of the country's population, have asthma. We aimed to evaluate access to asthma medicines at the household level in eight counties of Kenya, including factors associated with location of purchase. Methods Individuals with a diagnosis and prescription of asthma medicines were asked about the location of diagnosis, purchase of medicines, availability of medicines at home and costs of medicines per month. A logistic regression model explored the relationship between patient characteristics and the probability that the patient purchased asthma medicines at a public facility. Results Of 128 (15.2%) individuals with a diagnosis of asthma who were receiving treatment, only 57.0% had asthma medicines at home. The most frequently purchased asthma medicine was salbutamol, with one third of individuals taking it orally instead of by inhalation. The majority (55.4%) purchased asthma medicines at private pharmacies. Female patients and lower socio-economic status were predictors of purchasing asthma medicines at public facilities. Conclusions The availability and affordability of asthma medicines remain significant barriers to access to care. Improving the availability and affordability of all asthma medicines in the public sector, including inhaled corticosteroids, offers the opportunity to reach vulnerable populations.
Metabolomic analysis of pollen from honey bee hives and from canola flowers

Pollen is essential for successful plant reproduction and critical for plant-pollinator mutualisms, as pollen is essential larval nutrition. However, we understand very little about the chemical constituents of pollen leading us to this exploratory study characterizing plant and beehive pollen. We performed a metabolomics assay of canola flower pollen and beehive pollen. The metabolome of canola pollen is affected by irrigation showing differences in lipids and non-polar secondary metabolites. Metabolome of beehive pollen is affected by plant source showing differences in pentose sugars, myo-inositol and furanose. Further research is needed to document the nutritional bases of plant-pollinator mutualism.
Stable Junction Polymer Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (PLECs) employ a thin layer of a luminescent conjugated polymer admixed with an ionic source and an ionic conductor for the in situ formation of a p-i-n junction to facilitate the injections of both electrons and holes. The junction formation enables the use of an air-stable conductor as the cathode and a relatively thick emissive polymer layer which is more compatible with low-cost, scalable coating processes. This chapter overviews the operation mechanism, as well as the recent progress in employing crosslinkable ionic conductors to stabilize the p-i-n junction in PLECs. The static junction results in electroluminescence at high brightness, high efficiency, and prolonged lifetime. Solution-processable and printable electrode materials, such as silver nanowire, carbon nanotube, graphene, and conducting polymer, can be used in PLECs, thus opening a way to fully printable and stretchable displays.
Implementation of precision oncology in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

6507Background: VHA is the US’s largest integrated healthcare system providing care to over 6 million Veterans (~40% in rural areas). Precision Oncology offers the promise of effective, low-toxicit...
Arthroskopische Behandlungskonzepte der osteochondralen Läsion am Ellenbogen

Osteochondrale Lasionen (OCL) des Ellenbogengelenks sind im Vergleich zu anderen Gelenken selten und betreffen dann meistens den Bereich des Capitulum humeri (Ruchelsman et al. 2010, Vogt et al. 2011). Betroffen sind hiervon vor allem Jugendliche mit Aktivitaten in Wurf- und Uberkopfsportarten. So wird die OCL des Ellenbogens in der Literatur insbesondere bei jungen Baseballspielern und daher vor allem in amerikanischen und japanischen Publikationen beschrieben (Mihara et al. 2010, 2009, Takeda et al. 2002, Yamamoto et al. 2006). Da in der Regel eine mikrotraumatische Genese dieser Erkrankung zugrunde liegt, ist es sinnvoll von osteochondralen Lasionen zu sprechen und nicht von der Osteochondrosis dissecans (OD), um Uberschneidungen mit einer OD anderer Genese zu vermeiden.
Results of the 2014 survey of the American Alliance of Academic Chief Residents in Radiology.

Rationale and Objectives The American Alliance of Academic Chief Residents in Radiology (A 3 CR 2 ) conducts an annual survey of chief residents in accredited radiology programs in North America. The survey serves as a tool for observing trends and disseminating ideas among radiology programs. Materials and Methods An online survey conducted through the SurveyMonkey Web site was distributed to chief residents from 187 Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)–accredited radiology training programs. A variety of multiple-choice and free-response questions were designed to gather information about residency program details, benefits, chief resident responsibilities, call, preparations for the recent American Board of Radiology Core Examination, implementation of selectives (mini-fellowships), fellowships, health care economics and the job market, and ACGME milestones. Results Among those surveyed, 212 unique responses from 136 programs were provided, yielding a 73% response rate. Data were compared to historical data from prior surveys dating back through 2002. Conclusions Programs are increasingly providing 24-hour sonographer coverage, full day routine services on weekends, and 24-hour attending radiologist coverage. The new American Board of Radiology examination format and schedule has driven many changes, including when chief residents serve, board preparation and review, and how the final year of residency training is structured. Despite facing many changes, there is slightly more optimism among chief residents regarding their future job prospects.
Layer-specific arterial micromechanics and microstructure: Influences of age, anatomical location, and processing technique.

Abstract The importance of matrix micromechanics is increasingly recognized in cardiovascular research due to the intimate role they play in local vascular cell physiology. However, variations in micromechanics among arterial layers (i.e. intima, media, adventitia), as well as dependency on local matrix composition and/or structure, anatomical location or developmental stage remain largely unknown. This study determined layer-specific stiffness in elastic arteries, including the main pulmonary artery, ascending aorta, and carotid artery using atomic force indentation. To compare stiffness with age and frozen processing techniques, neonatal and adult pulmonary arteries were tested, while fresh (vibratomed) and frozen (cryotomed) tissues were tested from the adult aorta. Results revealed that the mean compressive modulus varied among the intima, sub-luminal media, inner-middle media, and adventitia layers in the range of 1–10 kPa for adult arteries. Adult samples, when compared to neonatal pulmonary arteries, exhibited increased stiffness in all layers except adventitia. Compared to freshly isolated samples, frozen preparation yielded small stiffness increases in each layer to varied degrees, thus inaccurately representing physiological stiffness. To interpret micromechanics measurements, composition and structure analyses of structural matrix proteins were conducted with histology and multiphoton imaging modalities including second harmonic generation and two-photon fluorescence. Composition analysis of matrix protein area density demonstrated that decrease in the elastin-to-collagen and/or glycosaminoglycan-to-collagen ratios corresponded to stiffness increases in identical layers among different types of arteries. However, composition analysis was insufficient to interpret stiffness variations between layers which had dissimilar microstructure. Detailed microstructure analyses may contribute to more complete understanding of arterial micromechanics.
POTENTIAL USE OF CIRCULATION/POLLUTANT TRANSPORT MODELS FOR IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON THE U.S. EEZ

This paper presents an overview of how applied oceanography may contribute to quantitative efforts in estimating the environmental hazards of exploration and development of nonenergy mineral resources in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the United States. The oceanographic research program which currently supports oil spill trajectory modelling on the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf is outlined with emphasis on the application of study results to U.S. EEZ areas. Several three-dimensional circulation models presently used to represent conditions offshore the conterminous States and Alaska are described. The spatial and temporal domains of these models are compared to U.S. EEZ boundaries in order to determine areas of overlap and therefore potential use.
Quantum Information Processing With Frequency-Comb Qudits

Classical optical frequency combs have revolutionized a myriad of fields, from optical spectroscopy and optical clocks to arbitrary microwave synthesis and lightwave communication. Capitalizing on the inherent robustness and high dimensionality of this mature optical platform, their nonclassical counterparts, so-called “quantum frequency combs,” have recently begun to display significant promise for fiber-compatible quantum information processing (QIP) and quantum networks. In this review, the basic theory and experiments of frequency-bin QIP, as well as perspectives on opportunities for continued advances, will be covered. Particular emphasis is placed on the recent demonstration of the quantum frequency processor (QFP), a photonic device based on electro-optic modulation and Fourier-transform pulse shaping that is capable of realizing high-fidelity quantum frequency gates in a parallel, low-noise fashion.
Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Children: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective To determine the point prevalence of bacteriuria and bacteriuria without pyuria in asymptomatic children by a systematic review of the literature. Study design We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for English-, French-, German-, Italian-, and Spanish-language articles. We included articles reporting data on bacteriuria in asymptomatic children up to 19 years of age who had urine collected by suprapubic bladder aspiration, bladder catheterization, or by 3 consecutive clean catch samples. Two independent reviewers assessed studies for inclusion and abstracted data. Results Fourteen studies (49 806 children) were included. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 0.37% (95% CI, 0.09-0.82) in boys and 0.47% (95% CI, 0.36-0.59) in girls. The corresponding values for asymptomatic bacteriuria without pyuria were 0.18% (95% CI, 0.02-0.51) and 0.38% (95% CI, 0.22-0.58), respectively. The subgroups with the highest prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria were uncircumcised males 2 years of age. In males, the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria after infancy was 0.08% (95% CI, 0.01-0.37). The median duration of asymptomatic bacteriuria in untreated boys and girls, from the one study reporting this outcome, was 1.5 and 2 months, respectively. Conclusions Some clinicians are concerned that when a preverbal child with asymptomatic bacteriuria develops a nonlocalizing febrile illness and presents for evaluation, they may be mistakenly diagnosed as having a urinary tract infection (UTI). Given that the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria is considerably lower than the prevalence of UTI in most subgroups examined, this will occur extremely rarely. These data suggest that the current definition of UTI should be revisited.
Teflon™ or Ivalon®: a scoping review of implants used in microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by jolts of pain along the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. If patients fail conservative management, microvascular decompression (MVD) is the next step in treatment. MVD is largely done by placing implant pads between the nerve and compressing vessels. We conducted a literature review to assess effectiveness and safety of Teflon™ and Ivalon® sponges for treatment of TN with MVD. In January 2019, PubMed was searched for manuscripts published in English using permutations of “Microvascular decompression”, “Teflon”, “Ivalon”, “Granuloma”, “Polytetrafluoroethylene”, “Trigeminal Neuralgia”, and “Exploration”. Success and relapse rates, causes of relapse, and complication rates were analyzed. We analyzed for relationships with ANCOVA at an alpha threshold of .05. Thirty-six studies representing 4273 patients fit inclusion criteria. Twenty-five dealt with initial MVD, 12 with re-do MVD. Initial MVD initial success rates were 85% in patients receiving Teflon™ (57–100%*) and 91% in patients receiving Ivalon® (79–100%*). Recurrence rates were 12% in Teflon™ patients (0*–30%) and 9.1% in Ivalon® patients (0*–19%). In patients with relapses, implants were the cause in 49% of Teflon™ patients (0*–100%*) and 50% of Ivalon® patients (0*–100%*). Complication rates for patients receiving Teflon™ were 12% (0*–34%) and 19% for patients receiving Ivalon® (0*–40%). Teflon™ and Ivalon® are two materials used in MVD for TN. It is an effective treatment with long-term symptom relief and recurrence rates of 1–5% each year. Ivalon® has been used less than Teflon™ though is associated with similar success rates and similar complication rates.
Algorithmic interactive music generation in videogames: A modular design for adaptive automatic music scoring

In this article, I review the concept of algorithmic generative and interactive music and discuss the advantages and challenges of its implementation in videogames. Excessive repetition caused by low interactivity in music sequences through gameplay has been tackled primarily by using random or sequential containers, coupled with overlapping rules and adaptive mix parameters, as demonstrated in the Dynamic Music Units in Audiokinetic’s Wwise middleware. This approach provides a higher variety through re-combinatorial properties of music tracks and also a responsive and interactive music stream. However, it mainly uses prerecorded music sequences that reappear and are easy to recognize throughout gameplay. Generative principles such as single-seed design have been occasionally applied in game music scoring to generate material. Some of them are complemented with rules and are assigned to sections with low emotional requirements, but support for real-time interaction in gameplay situations, although desirable, is rarely found.While algorithmic note-by-note generation can offer interactive flexibility and infinite diversity, it poses significant challenges such as achieving human-like performativity and producing a distinctive narrative style through measurable parameters or program arguments. Starting with music generation, I examine conceptual implementations and technical challenges of algorithmic composition studies that use Markov models, a-life/evolutionary music, generative grammars, agents, and artificial neural networks/deep learning. For each model, I evaluate rule-based strategies for interactive music transformation using parameters provided by contextual gameplay situations. Finally, I propose a compositional tool design based in modular instances of algorithmic music generation, featuring stylistic interactive control in connection with an audio engine rendering system.
Specific causes and predictors of readmissions following acute and chronic subdural hematoma evacuation.

Abstract Patients treated with craniotomy for subdural hematoma (SDH) evacuation have a higher readmission incidence when compared to other neurosurgical patients. Factors predictive of readmission following craniotomy for SDH are incompletely understood. The National Surgical Quality Improvement (NSQIP) database was queried for all patients treated by craniotomy for SDH of any etiology (e.g. acute, chronic, spontaneous, traumatic) during the study period (2012–2014). Patients requiring repeat hospitalization within 30 days of surgery were identified and classified by reason for readmission. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of readmission. 1024 patients met inclusion criteria, among whom 109 (10.6%) were readmitted within 30 days. The most common causes of readmission were recurrent SDH (n = 27; 33.3%), seizure (n = 8; 9.9%), new neurological deficit (n = 6; 7.4%), stroke (n = 6; 7.4%), and altered mental status (AMS) (n = 6; 7.4%). Multivariable modeling identified hypertension requiring medication (OR = 2.78, P = 0.013) and abnormal INR (OR = 2.66, P = 0.035) as significantly associated with readmission following chronic SDH, while postoperative UTI (OR = 3.64, P = 0.01) and stroke (OR = 4.86, P = 0.018) were significant predictors of readmission following acute SDH. Readmission was associated with recurrent hemorrhage after chronic/spontaneous SDH, while seizures, AMS, and neurological deficits drove readmissions after acute/traumatic SDH. Careful management of anticoagulation and antihypertensive medications may be helpful in reducing the risk of readmission following craniotomy for chronic SDH.
Social Advertising Effectiveness Across Products: A Large-Scale Field Experiment

We collaborated with a large online social network to conduct a randomized field experiment measuring social ad effectiveness across 71 products in 25 categories among more than 37 million users.
Varroa destructor mites vector and transmit pathogenic honey bee viruses acquired from an artificial diet.

The ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor is one of the most destructive pests of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) and the primary biotic cause of colony collapse in many regions of the world. These mites inflict physical injury on their honey bee hosts from feeding on host hemolymph and fat body cells/cellular components, and serve as the vector for deadly honey bee viruses, including Deformed wing virus (DWV) and the related Varroa destructor virus-1 (VDV-1) (i.e., DWV-like viruses). Studies focused on elucidating the dynamics of Varroa-mediated vectoring and transmission of DWV-like viruses may be confounded by viruses present in ingested host tissues or the mites themselves. Here we describe a system that includes an artificial diet free of insect tissue-derived components for maintaining Varroa mites for in vitro experimentation. Using this system, together with the novel engineered cDNA clone-derived genetically tagged VDV-1 and wild-type DWV, we demonstrated for the first time that Varroa mites provided an artificial diet supplemented with engineered viruses for 36 hours could acquire and transmit sufficient numbers of virus particles to establish an infection in virus-naive hosts. While the in vitro system described herein provides for only up to five days of mite survival, precluding study of the long-term impacts of viruses on mite health, the system allows for extensive insights into the dynamics of Varroa-mediated vectoring and transmission of honey bee viruses.
Lincoln’s Informer: Charles A. Dana and the Inside Story of the Union War: by Carl J. Guarneri, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 2019, Pp. 528, $39.95 (hbk), ISBN 9780700628469

In his introduction to Lincoln’s Informer, esteemed historian Carl Guarneri cites a 2013 Civil War Monitor poll of era specialists that pronounces Charles Anderson Dana as one of the “Twenty-five M...