cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Family Correlates of Adjustment Profiles in Mexican-Origin Female Adolescents:

This study used a person-centered approach to examine patterns of adjustment along psychological (i.e., depression, self-esteem, anxiety) and academic (i.e., academic motivation) domains in a sample (N = 338) of Mexican-origin female adolescents. Four adjustment profiles were identified. A High Functioning (n = 173) group, which exhibited high positive adjustment and academic functioning, an Average Functioning (n = 83) group, who exhibited average psychological and academic functioning, an Academically Oriented and Stressed (n = 19) group, who exhibited high academic motivation, but poor psychological functioning in anxiety and negative affect, and a Low Functioning" (n = 25) group, who exhibited poor adjustment overall. Further, paternal and maternal parenting characteristics (i.e., autonomy granting, parent-adolescent conflict, and supportive parenting) were differentially related to Mexican-origin female adolescents' profiles, providing further evidence for the existence of the profiles. Results contribute to the current literature on Latino adolescents and highlight the importance of examining psychological and academic domains concurrently to determine how these two domains of adjustment are linked among this population.
Characterization of radiation loss from microstrip discontinuities using a multiport network modeling approach

A convenient method for evaluating radiation loss from microstrip discontinuities is presented. A planar multiport network model of the discontinuity configuration and the segmentation method are used to evaluate the voltage distribution around the edges of the discontinuity. This voltage distribution is expressed as an equivalent magnetic current line source distribution which is used to calculate the far-zone field (for radiation loss). As an example, the results show that for a 90 degrees bend in a 50- Omega line on a 10-mil-thick substrate with epsilon /sub r/=2.2, the radiation loss is 0.1 dB at 30 GHz. Typical power levels radiated by several other discontinuities are reported. The analysis model was verified experimentally by fabricating microstrip resonators with discontinuities incorporated therein and measuring the Q factors of these resonators. >
Does Practice Make Perfect When Interpreting Mammography

There are important trade-offs in the practice of interpretingmammography. Radiologists do not want to miss identifyingbreast cancer, yet performing additional imaging to rule outcancer increases false-positive rates. False-positive mammo-grams generate anxiety, excess costs and, at times, morbidityfrom subsequent biopsies. The false-positive rate for screeningmammography is higher in the United States than in Europeancountries. Reducing the false-positive rates and maintaining highlevels of sensitivity, as suggested by Esserman et al. (1) in thisissue of the Journal, is appealing. They hypothesize that inter-preting a high volume of mammograms, as is the norm forradiologists in the U.K., results in higher sensitivity than inter-preting a low volume, as is often the norm for some U.S. radi-ologists. In their study (1), a standardized test set of 60 screeningfilms from asymptomatic women, 13 of which included nonoc-cult breast cancers, was interpreted by 60 U.S. radiologists andalso by 194 U.K. radiologists. The U.S. radiologists were as-signed to one of three categories on the basis of their self-reported monthly volume of mammography interpretations: low( 100/month), moderate (101–300/month), or high volume(301/month). Their results suggest that both sensitivity andspecificity are better among higher volume readers, although thedifferences for specificity are not statistically significant (1).The study by Esserman et al. (1) underscores an importantdifference in the approach to screening mammography betweenthe United States and the U.K. and raises questions relevant toboth research and clinical practice. U.S. mammographers arecurrently required to interpret a minimum of 480 mammogramsper year, whereas U.K. mammographers are required to interpretmore than 5000 per year. What can we learn from comparisonsof international practice styles? Should U.S. mammographers berequired to interpret higher volumes of mammograms each year?Esserman et al. (1) have made an excellent initial step in ad-dressing those questions. The findings deserve follow-up.Previous research has shown that radiologists’ accuracy im-proves after special training courses (2). Experienced radiolo-gists have higher sensitivity than do less experienced radiolo-gists in diagnosing breast cancer; however, experiencedradiologists may also order more tests that do not result in acancer diagnosis (3). Although Esserman et al. (1) have found anassociation between volume and accuracy, it remains to be seenif practice really does make perfect.In most areas of radiology, images are interpreted in conjunc-tion with additional clinical and diagnostic information, so thatinterpretive judgment is not the sole basis for patient manage-ment. However, the variability in radiologists’ interpretations isof particular importance in screening mammography because thepremise is to detect signs of breast cancer before there is anyevidence of disease (e.g., a palpable mass). A decision to per-form additional diagnostic imaging or to perform a breast biopsy
Mode Converters for Coupling to High Aspect Ratio Silicon-on-Insulator Channel Waveguides

The design, simulation, and experimental performance of mode converters for coupling from single-mode silicon-on-insulator ridge waveguides to high aspect ratio channel waveguides are described. The converters consist of a two-level adiabatic taper structure. The final channel waveguide is 1.5 mum high by 0.8 mum wide. Simulations predict that for total coupler lengths longer than 20 mum, the coupling loss from the fundamental ridge mode to the slit mode is better than -0.2 dB. The couplers and waveguides were fabricated using a two-step self-aligned process. The measured coupling loss for fabricated mode converters is -0.4 dB
What do police officers really want from the mental health system

A sample of 309 police officers in Cincinnati and Hamilton County, Ohio, were interviewed about their contacts with mentally ill individuals and about their need for various kinds of information and assistance from the mental health system. During a one-month period, almost 60 percent of the officers had responded to at least one call involving a presumably mentally ill person, and 42 percent had responded to more than one such call. Twenty-two percent had dealt with a presumably mentally ill person who was also mentally retarded. Police officers indicated that they most needed access to information about an individual's past history of violence on suicide attempts, and quick on-site assistance by mental health professionals in assessing suicidal or hostile mentally ill persons.
Optimization of cell suspension media for use in a cytometric neuro-catheter

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that impairs motor and speech skills due to the degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra. It is anticipated that future treatments will involve replacing the degenerated cells with cultivated dopamine-producing multipotent cells. Previous studies involving these treatments encountered complications due to death of the majority of injected cells. It is currently unknown if cell death occurs during delivery or after injection. A neuro-catheter has been designed that is capable of taking fluorescence-based cytometric measurements using fiber optic probes. This device will allow researchers, and eventually clinicians, to quantify the number of viable cells delivered. During delivery, a uniform distribution of cells is essential to ensure the viability of the delivered cells. In order to accomplish this, cell suspension materials are required. In order to investigate the effects of suspension materials on cell delivery, a cuvette experiment was designed and implemented. The goal of this experiment was to determine the extent of cell settling issues for several different suspension materials. The 3RT1 rat gliomal cell line was used as a model for neural cell delivery. The viability of the cells was also examined in each of the given suspension materials over a two hour period. Of the tested materials, 1% methyl cellulose in phosphate buffer saline was determined to be the best material for uniform cell delivery.
Antithrombotic effect of FK506 vs cyclosporine in cardiac transplant recipients: potential implications in transplant arteriopathy.

Abstract Background An activated coagulation system has been implicated as a potential initiating or inciting factor in the development and progression of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). Methods By performing ex vivo perfusion studies of blood thrombogenicity under constant rheologic conditions and with a constant substrate, we sought to determine the relative effects on the coagulation system of FK506 vs cyclosporine in patients who have undergone cardiac transplantation. Results conclusions Compared with cyclosporine, FK506 significantly decreased the propensity to form thrombus; this suggests that FK506 may have a favorable impact on the development of CAV.
Comparative study of nc-Si: H deposited by reactive sputtering using crystalline and polycrystalline silicon targets

Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) is an important material for solar cell applications. Thin films of nc-Si:H can be deposited cost-effectively using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and sputter deposition. While CVD method offer higher deposition rate and is commonly used in PV industry, microstructural properties (such as hydrogen incorporation, crystallinity, surface morphology, dopant incorporation) can be efficiently controlled using sputter deposition. While all the previous studies on sputter deposited nc-Si used crystalline Si (c-Si) sputter target, the current study compares the properties of nc:Si-H films using single and polycrystalline Si (p-Si) targets. P-Si is relatively inexpensive and easy to fabricate in bulk quantities. Several sets of nc-Si:H films were deposited using both c-Si and p-Si targets under similar conditions on glass substrates and characterized using TEM, XRD, AFM, UV-VIS spectroscopy and DC conductivity. Results indicate that surface morphology, size of nanocrystals, crystalline fraction, optical bandgap, coefficient of optical absorption and activation energy of samples were independent of sputter target used. Preferred orientation of nanocrystallites for all the films was along (111) direction with a crystallite size of 4–10 nm. All the samples have wide optical band gap ranging between 2 and 2.1 eV. Comparable activation energies at low (≪370K) and high temperature (≫370K) regions was obtained and was attributed to carrier transport through nanocrystalline and amorphous phase of the films. These results indicate that nc-Si:H thin films for solar cell applications can deposited using low-cost p-Si targets in-lieu of conventional c-Si targets.
Reduced Coproducts of Compact Hausdorff Spaces

By analyzing how one obtains the Stone space of the reduced product of an indexed collection of Boolean algebras from the Stone spaces of those algebras, we derive a topological construction, the “reduced coproduct”, which makes sense for indexed collections of arbitrary Tichonov spaces. When the filter in question is an ultrafilter, we show how the “ultracoproduct” can be obtained from the usual topological ultraproduct via a compactification process in the style of Wallman and Frink. We prove theorems dealing with the topological structure of reduced coproducts (especially ultracoproducts) and show in addition how one may use this construction to gain information about the category of compact Hausdorff spaces.
Nerve Injury Diminishes Opioid Analgesia through Lysine Methyltransferase-mediated Transcriptional Repression of μ-Opioid Receptors in Primary Sensory Neurons

The μ-opioid receptor (MOR, encoded by Oprm1) agonists are the mainstay analgesics for treating moderate to severe pain. Nerve injury causes down-regulation of MORs in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and diminishes the opioid effect on neuropathic pain. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the diminished MOR expression caused by nerve injury are not clear. G9a (encoded by Ehmt2), a histone 3 at lysine 9 methyltransferase, is a key chromatin regulator responsible for gene silencing. In this study, we determined the role of G9a in diminished MOR expression and opioid analgesic effects in animal models of neuropathic pain. We found that nerve injury in rats induced a long-lasting reduction in the expression level of MORs in the DRG but not in the spinal cord. Nerve injury consistently increased the enrichment of the G9a product histone 3 at lysine 9 dimethylation in the promoter of Oprm1 in the DRG. G9a inhibition or siRNA knockdown fully reversed MOR expression in the injured DRG and potentiated the morphine effect on pain hypersensitivity induced by nerve injury. In mice lacking Ehmt2 in DRG neurons, nerve injury failed to reduce the expression level of MORs and the morphine effect. In addition, G9a inhibition or Ehmt2 knockout in DRG neurons normalized nerve injury-induced reduction in the inhibitory effect of the opioid on synaptic glutamate release from primary afferent nerves. Our findings indicate that G9a contributes critically to transcriptional repression of MORs in primary sensory neurons in neuropathic pain. G9a inhibitors may be used to enhance the opioid analgesic effect in the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain.
Complete Genome Sequence of West Nile Virus Strains Used for the Formulation of CBER/FDA RNA Reference Reagents and Lot Release Panels for Nucleic Acid Testing

ABSTRACT We report the complete sequences of two West Nile virus strains (FDA-Hu02 and NY99) used for the formulation of CBER/FDA RNA reference reagents and lot release panels for use with nucleic acid technology testing.
The External Adaptation of Religious Organizations

In this paper, a structural model of organizational activity is developed to explain both the involvement of local churches with social issues and the formation of linkages between churches and other organizations in the community. The local church is seen as a goal directed organization, purposefully interacting with its environment, and limited in that interaction by both internal and external constraints and contingencies. Congregation size, organizational 'differentiation, community size and leadership stability are found to be important variables affecting the activities of 131 congregations from seven denominations in rural Minnesota. During the turmoil of the 1960's and early 1970's, the role of the church in controversial social issues emerged as a topic of sociological inquiry. Much of this research focused on the impact of religion on individual values and attitudes, and thus continued in a long tradition of interest in church and society (Blume, 1970; Quinley, 1974; Winter, 1970; Hadden, 1970). A smaller number of studies differed from this tradition in focusing on the corporate behaviors of denominations and congregations in response to their environment (Wood, 1970; Gibbs and Ewer, 1969; Takayama and Sachs, 1976). The research presented here is likewise addressed to churches as corporate goal directed organizations, interacting with their environment and limited by both internal and external constraints and contingencies. The basic research question concerns the effects of structural characteristics of congregations on their involvement with local decision making and social issues. The unit of analysis is the organization (the parish church) rather than individual church members, and it is assumed that, while corporate church activities may be initiated by individuals, they are not the simple result of interpersonal relationships. This paper closely parallels research by Gibbs and Ewer (1969) concerning the involvement of local churches with controversial social issues. Indeed, while there are variations in measurement between the two studies, the set of independent variables considered is identical in each. The theoretical associations between these variables are however somewhat different, as are the resulting interpretations of empirical findings. Gibbs and Ewer were interested in the relationship between leadership resources and the adaptation of churches to their environment. They conceived of the church as one class of open systems, as defined by Katz and Kahn (1966), and thus used an input-output
Assessment of public health risks during the Fourteenth World Swimming Championships in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

Objective To identify and evaluate potential public health risks during the Fourteenth World Swimming Championships in Pudong New Area of Shanghai so as to reduce or eliminate the potential public health risks. To establish and improve the system of risk assessment in district- and county- level administrative region so as to provide a basis for risk assessments of large- scale activities and daily activities in the future. Methods We put to use the brainstorm and expert consultation methods to find out the risks by two rounds. Risk matrix method was employed to conduct risk assessment and Kendall coordination coefficient was applied to assess the consistency of experts' scores. Results Through two rounds of risk identification,51 kinds of public health risks( including 32 kinds of infectious diseases and 19 kinds of health- related risk factors) were identified,and then classified into high-,medium- and low- level risks. Conclusions Twelve kinds of high- level risk are identified for the Fourteenth World Swimming Championships by assessing the public health risks,including typhoon,cholera,nuclear terrorism,drinking water pollution,fire accident,stampede,environmental pollution and so on.
Disinfect the Rec: Creating and Implementing a Disinfection Campaign at Gyms Using the Theory of Planned Behavior

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1985; 1991), a campaign meant to persuade gym users to disinfect their gym equipment was created and implemented through two studies. Study One consisted of a survey (N = 200). Participants reported their attitudes, perceived social norms, perceived control, behavioral intentions, and behaviors about disinfecting gym equipment. Participants were also asked to report their reasoning for either disinfecting or not disinfecting equipment. From these answers, a persuasive campaign consisting of large posters was created and formed Study Two. Study Two implemented the campaign using the predictors of the TPB. Three gyms were observed. Perceived social norms showed the greatest jump in the desired behavior of disinfecting gym equipment. Future implementation and avenues of research are discussed.
And then the internet happened: Thoughts on the future of concept mapping

Over 25 years ago, in the late twentieth century, concept mapping emerged as a mixed method approach to inquiry that enables a group of people to conceptualize their thinking about a specific topic. Since then, the application of concept mapping has spread widely and an easy prediction for the future is that this trend is likely to continue; a more important and greater challenge is to think about the ways in which concept mapping may and should evolve. Discussed here are thoughts about the future of concept mapping including some predictions of likely directions and suggestions for new possibilities. Thoughts on the future are grounded in concept mapping applications that have emerged and gained ground in recent years; these include exploring wicked problems in communities and integrating concept mapping with other methods of inquiry. Thoughts on the future are also grounded in the social and cultural milieu in which we find ourselves at this time. The influence of social media and internet technologies has led to the emergence peer production and crowdsourcing as approaches to co-create information, knowledge, products and services. These tactics may create fertile ground for the further spread of concept mapping. This same collaborative milieu has produced the open software movement which in turn, offers opportunities to enhancing the methodology of concept mapping.
Migdalism Revisited: Calculating the Bound States of Quantum Chromodynamics

We discuss a scheme to determine the location of bound states in QCD using calculable functions in the asymptotic regime and the assumption of confinement. We discuss tests of this idea, an example worked to fourth order, and ways to carry the ideas further.
Identification of Novel Bisbenzimidazole Derivatives as Anticancer Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase Inhibitors

The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases (V-ATPases) are a family of ATP-driven proton pumps and they have been associated with cancer invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Despite the clear involvement of V-ATPases in cancer, the therapeutic use of V-ATPase-targeting small molecules has not reached human clinical trials to date. Thus, V-ATPases are emerging as important targets for the identification of potential novel therapeutic agents. We identified a bisbenzimidazole derivative (V) as an initial hit from a similarity search using four known V-ATPase inhibitors (I–IV). Based on the initial hit (V), we designed and synthesized a focused set of novel bisbenzimidazole analogs (2a–e). All newly prepared compounds have been screened for selected human breast cancer (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7) and ovarian cancer (A2780, Cis-A2780, and PA-1) cell lines, along with the normal breast epithelial cell line, MCF10A. The bisbenzimidazole derivative (2e) is active against all cell lines tested. Remarkably, it demonstrated high cytotoxicity against the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, MDA-MB-468 (IC50 = 0.04 ± 0.02 μM). Additionally, it has been shown to inhibit the V-ATPase pump that is mainly responsible for acidification. To the best of our knowledge the bisbenzimidazole pharmacophore has been identified as the first V-ATPase inhibitor in its class. These results strongly suggest that the compound 2e could be further developed as a potential anticancer V-ATPase inhibitor for breast cancer treatment.
Conjunctive Water Management for the Aral Sea Basin

Arid and semi-arid regions of the world have one thing in common: a water shortage. In these areas, there is always more land than water. It is not possible to provide all the land in an arid basin with a water supply sufficient to grow crops, and at the same time provide for all existing historic and naturally established water uses. The Aral Sea Basin developed a natural equilibrium between precipitation and evapotranspiration during the 14 000 years (Micklin 1991) since the last filling of the Sea. In that long period there was sufficient water in the established equilibrium of the basin to provide for natural vegetation, with enough left over to make a sea. The recent introduction of irrigation into, and adjacent to, the Aral Sea Basin has resulted in a significant change in the natural hydrologic equilibrium of the area.
The Negative Regulator CXXC5: Making WNT Look a Little Less Dishevelled.

Wingless-related integration site (WNT)/β-catenin signaling regulates diverse physiological functions including tissue regeneration. Activation of WNT signaling can be inhibited by various agents. Lee et al. investigate the interaction of CXXC-type zinc finger protein 5 (CXXC5) with Dishevelled as one such negative regulator of WNT in hair follicle regeneration.
Non-radiative deactivation of cytosine derivatives at elevated temperature

In this work, we simulate the non-radiative deactivation process of three cytosine derivatives with known S0/S1 conical intersections (cytosine, 5-fluorocytosine and 5-methylcytosine). We use quantum chemistry methods to compute the potential energy profile of each derivatives and estimate the energy barrier height between the minimum of the S1 state and the conical intersection. Although the topology of the potential surface seems to play a role in the deactivation process, we show that the magnitude of the barrier is too high to explain the picosecond timescale reported for this reaction. Instead, rates in agreement with experiments are predicted only when incorporating dynamical factors via ab-initio molecular dynamics and a generalised master equation approach. In particular, we find that the energy fluctuations experienced by the system after photoexcitation are key to realistically model the relaxation dynamics. In gas phase, the cytosine derivatives remain vibrationally ‘hot’ for long after the excitation, raising the effective temperature of the system. We argue that it is this elevated temperature that allows for the crossing of the energy barrier. Further, we show that the reaction kinetics are not actually dominated by the conical intersection as it is enough for the system to find an avoided crossing.
An Acoustic Emission Evaluation of Environmentally Assisted Cracking of 7039-T6 Aluminum

Environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) is a significant problem in modern structures. The combination of a susceptible material, an adverse environment and mechanical stress can lead to unexpected failure of a structure by catastrophic crack growth. The mid-air failure of the aluminum alloy bulkhead and the subsequent loss of life on a Aloha Airlines flight on April 28, 1988 as shown in figure 1, illustrates this fact. Additionally, the operating environment of the US Army contributes to premature failure of structures such as aluminum alloy armor, high strength steel armor and high strength steel control components on Army helicopters [1]. These failures not only endanger life but they also seriously hamper the fighting readiness of U.S. forces because of equipment down time for inspection and repair of faulty components. Work has been performed to better characterize EAC resistance in high strength aluminum armor alloys [2]. These high strength alloys are particularly prone to failure in a chloride environment, an environment encountered in most of the world. If we plan to avoid such failures, we must better understand the EAC phenomena and more diligently detect growing cracks before they become critical in length. One characterization technique that promises to serve well both as a laboratory tool for understanding EAC and as a field device for detecting EAC is acoustic emission evaluation.
A Social-Learning Model of Child Abuse

As we pointed out earlier, describing a behavioral phenomenon such as child abuse represents only the first level or our knowledge about it. The next step is to integrate what is known about abuse into a conceptual model that suggests specific forms of intervention for abusive families. However, before exploring such a model, several limiting factors should be noted. First, any sound conceptual framework must be built upon a foundation of accurate descriptive data. As we saw in the preceding chapter, the number of well-controlled studies of child-abusive families remains relatively small. Of necessity, any present conceptual model of child abuse must rely in part on clinically derived, rather than rigorously validated, sources of information about abusive families. As we continue to learn more about these families, efforts to explain, predict, and control child abuse can become correspondingly more refined and rigorous. This, in turn, leads to a second issue. Conceptual models, including those of child abuse, should be capable not only of accounting for our current knowledge of a problem, but also of generating testable new predictions. Ultimately, a model of the kind presented in this chapter is useful to the extent that it stimulates additional avenues for child abuse research and applied treatment.
Temperature dependent seed transmission of Stagonospora nodorum in wheat

The transmission of Stagonospora nodorum from four naturally infected winter wheat seedlots was quantified in controlled environment germination chambers at 9, 13, 17, 21, and 25 °C. Seedlings were harvested when the second leaf began to emerge. Coleoptiles and first seedling leaves were examined for the presence of lesions caused by S. nodorum. First leaves were incubated on Bannon's medium for 2 weeks, after which they were examined for pycnidia of S. nodorum. Transmission to the coleoptile occurred at all temperatures, but decreased from 100% to 72% as temperature increased from 9 to 25 °C. Transmission to the first leaf was less, dropping from 37% to 2% as temperature increased from 9 to 25 °C. At least 44% of infected first leaves were symptomless at all temperatures, with 96% of infected leaves showing no symptoms at 25 °C. Transmission to seedling leaves occurred over a broad temperature range. Under the high densities at which wheat is sown, a significant number of infected seedlings per unit area may originate from relatively low initial seed infection levels and transmission efficiencies.
Learning in Transdisciplinary Collaborations: A Conceptual Vocabulary

This chapter presents a conceptual vocabulary for learning in transdisciplinary collaborations based on literature review. After discussing preliminary distinctions between interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity, the chapter provides insights on the nature of integrative learning in interdisciplinary education, grounded in a shift from content-based to process-based integration, the theory of constructivism, and the concept of reflective equilibrium. It then defines transdisciplinary learning framed by the thematics of complexity and systems thinking and the concept of co-construction of knowledge as well as mutual, generative, deep, double-loop and triple-loop learning. The vocabulary expands when looking beyond the notion of collaborative learning in education to concepts of collective learning in the field of health and transdisciplinary orientation in the field of team science. The conclusion reflects on the shift from adaptive and generative learning to reflexivity, transformational learning, convergence, transactivity, and relational thinking. In aggregate, the concepts that shape this vocabulary underscore the pivotal relationship between communication and learning. Members of transdisciplinary research teams gain collective communication competence through joint activities, anchored by socio-cognitive platforms for interdisciplinary collaboration that are crucial to building a cooperation and communication culture.
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Associations in People with and without Epilepsy

Purpose. Positive airway pressure remains the gold-standard treatment for OSA, but many are intolerant. The neurotransmitter serotonin is involved in respiratory control. Evidence exists for SRIs in reducing OSA severity in the general population and ictal hypoxemia and seizure-induced respiratory arrest in people with epilepsy (PWE). However, the association between SRIs and OSA severity has not been studied in populations consisting of both groups. This study aims to determine if SRIs are associated with OSA severity in both PWE and people without epilepsy (PWO) and whether differences exist between the two groups. Methods. A retrospective study of adults with OSA was conducted. Subjects were categorized as PWE or PWO and for the use (+SRI) or absence (-SRI) of an SRI. The primary outcome was OSA severity relative to SRI status. OSA severity as a function of SRI status was also compared between PWE and PWO and within the PWE and PWO cohorts. Oxygen saturation nadir was a secondary outcome measure. Statistical adjustment of pertinent characteristics was performed. Results. There were 125 subjects (57 PWE, 68 PWO, 80 –SRI, and 45 +SRI). +SRI was associated with reduced odds of severe compared to moderate OSA, in unadjusted and adjusted analysis. Compared to PWO, PWE demonstrated a more robust association between OSA severity and +SRI. When analyzed as separate cohorts, only PWE demonstrated reduced OSA severity, with adjustment for age (OR:0.140, CI:0.021-1.116, and p=0.042). Oxygen saturation nadir was not significant in any model. Conclusions. SRIs represent a potential treatment option for OSA and may demonstrate a more robust association with reduced OSA severity in PWE compared to PWO.
The Effects of Uncertainty in Initial CME Input Parameters on Deflection, Rotation, Bz, and Arrival Time Predictions

Understanding the effects of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) requires knowing if and when they will impact and their properties upon impact. Of particular importance is the strength of a CME's southward magnetic field component (Bz ). Kay et al. (2013, https://doi:10.1088/0004-637X/775/1/5, 2015, https://doi:10.1088/948 0004-637X/805/2/168) have shown that the simplified analytic model Forecasting a CME's Altered Trajectory (ForeCAT) can reproduce the deflection and rotation of CMEs. Kay, Gopalswamy, Reinard, and Opher (2017, https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/117) introduced ForeCAT In situ Data Observer, which uses ForeCAT results to simulate magnetic field profiles. ForeCAT In situ Data Observer reproduces the in situ observations on roughly hourly time scales, suggesting that these models could be extremely useful for predictions of Bz . However, as with all models, both models are sensitive to their input parameters, which may not be precisely known for predictions. We explore this sensitivity using ensembles having small changes in the initial latitude, longitude, and orientation of the erupting CME. We explore the effects of different background magnetic field models and find that the changes in deflection and rotation resulting from the uncertainty in the initial parameters tend to exceed the changes from dierent magnetic backgrounds. The range in the in situ proles tends to scale with the range in the deflection and rotation. We also consider a simple arrival time model using ForeCAT results and nd an average absolute error of only 3 hr. We show that an uncertainty in the CME position of 8.1 ± 6.9 leads to variations of 6 hr in the arrival time. This measure depends strongly on the location of impact within the CME with the arrival time changing less for impacts near the nose.
Combination of a therapeutic cancer vaccine and immune checkpoint inhibitors in prostate cancer.

5084Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have yet to demonstrated efficacy as monotherapy in non-MSI-HI prostate cancer. Vaccines may increase immune cells in the tumor microenvironment,...
Long term follow-up of patients with ventricular high rate events detected on remote monitoring of pacemakers

Abstract Aims Previous data suggest ventricular high rate episodes (VHREs) on pacemakers are frequent and not associated with overall mortality on short term follow up. We sought to determine whether VHREs are associated with mortality, device upgrade, or change in ejection fraction on long term follow up. Methods A single center, retrospective study was performed on 542 patients with permanent pacemakers followed between 2011 and 2013. Follow-up was extended to 2017 for determination of long term outcomes. “True” VHREs were defined as episodes adjudicated to be due to non-sustained ventricular tachycardia on review of electrograms and “false” VHREs were defined as supraventricular arrhythmias or noise. Results VHRE occurred in 202(37.2%)/542 included patients. True VHRE was detected in 148(27.3%) while 54(10%) had false VHRE. The mean age of the population was 72 ± 15 years and 46% were women. Mean follow-up was 3.3 ± 1.4 years. The baseline characteristics of the true, false and no VHRE patients were similar. There was no difference in all-cause mortality between groups (27% mortality in true VHRE, 33% in false VHRE and 29% in no VHRE). Furthermore, there was no difference between groups with regards to any device upgrade (5% any upgrades in the VHRE, 9% in false VHRE and 5% in no VHRE.) On follow up, EF declined in all groups: −4% vs −2.4% vs −3.5% for true, false and no VHRE. Conclusion VHRE are frequently encountered on remote monitoring of pacemakers and not associated with increased risk of mortality or need for downstream device upgrade.
Gas vs electric: Heating system fuel source implications on low-energy single-family dwelling sustainability performance

Abstract With an increasing interest in sustainable infrastructure, focus has been placed on cost-effective low-energy residential buildings. However, limited research has been completed on the impact of heating fuel selection on sustainability performance when evaluating low-energy building design goals. Heating fuel type is an important factor because space and water heating accounts for a significant fraction of home energy consumption. Using data from the new BIRDS v4.0 Incremental Energy Efficiency for Residential Buildings Database, this case study observes the impacts of fuel source type on a building's sustainability performance based on comparisons of low-energy and net-zero energy residential building designs in Maryland. Results suggest that low natural gas prices provide incentives to install natural-gas fired equipment when minimizing life-cycle costs is the primary goal. Meanwhile, electric heating equipment is likely to perform better economically in reaching net-zero energy performance, but with higher environmental impacts.
Does volunteer community health work empower women? Evidence from Ethiopia's Women's Development Army.

Of the millions of Community Health Workers (CHWs) serving their communities across the world, there are approximately twice as many female CHWs as there are male. Hiring women has in many cases become an ethical expectation, in part because working as a CHW is often seen as empowering the CHW herself to enact positive change in her community. This article draws on interviews, participant observation, document review and a survey carried out in rural Amhara, Ethiopia from 2013 to 2016 to explore discourses and experiences of empowerment among unpaid female CHWs in Ethiopia's Women's Development Army (WDA). This programme was designed to encourage women to leave the house and gain decision-making power vis-a-vis their husbands-and to use this power to achieve specific, state-mandated, domestically centred goals. Some women discovered new opportunities for mobility and self-actualization through this work, and some made positive contributions to the health system. At the same time, by design, women in the WDA had limited ability to exercise political power or gain authority within the structures that employed them, and they were taken away from tending to their individual work demands without compensation. The official rhetoric of the WDA-that women's empowerment can happen by rearranging village-level social relations, without offering poor women opportunities like paid employment, job advancement or the ability to shape government policy-allowed the Ethiopian government and its donors to pursue 'empowerment' without investments in pay for lower-level health workers, or fundamental freedoms introduced into state-society relations.
Framing and Feeling Fuel Environmentally Responsible Behaviors of Black Residents in the United States

Scholars have long investigated factors contributing to enactment of environmentally responsible behaviors (ERBs), largely among white populations. Although research has debunked the myth that blac...
Corynebacterium Induced Urethral Incrustation

AbstractTo our knowledge we report the first case of extensive urethral incrustation to be caused by corynebacterium group D2 infection. The condition was treated effectively by intravenous vancomycin hydrochloride, cystolitholapaxy and urinary acidification with a urease inhibitor, acetohy-droxamic acid.
3D Turntables: Humanizing Architectural Technology Through Hip-Hop

This paper explores the potential impacts of hip-hop culture on architectural technology through arguments on humanizing technology, embracing a post-Western mindset, and reflecting cultural values...
Performing Identity Through Social Media: A Sociomaterial Perspective

In this paper we adopt a practice-based lens and explore the role of materiality in everyday practices involving social media use. In particular, we focus on practices that underpin the creation and articulation of online identities. Using qualitative data from extensive fieldwork involving 50 social media users we illustrate a variety of practices where users' enactment of social media shows the emergence of the agentic role of this materiality which enables and constrains identity creation. To this end, we show how performing identity on a particular social media has consequences in terms of further attempts to elaborate personal identity within the same social medium, across social media and "offline". We contribute to the sociomateriality literature which examines social media use seen as an enactment between human and material agency.
Embedded Research in the Learning Healthcare System: Ongoing Challenges and Recommendations for Researchers, Clinicians, and Health System Leaders

Embedded research is an innovative means to improve performance in the learning healthcare system (LHS). However, few descriptions of successful embedded research programs have been published. In this perspective, we describe the Care Improvement Research Team, a mature partnership between researchers and clinicians at Kaiser Permanente Southern California. The program supports a core team of researchers and staff with dedicated resources to partner with health system leaders and practicing clinicians, using diverse methods to identify and rectify gaps in clinical practice. For example, recent projects helped clinicians to provide better care by reducing prescribing of unnecessary antibiotics for acute sinusitis and by preventing readmissions among the elderly. Embedded in operational workgroups, the team helps formulate research questions and enhances the rigor and relevance of data collection and analysis. A recent business-case analysis cited savings to the organization of over $10 million. We conclude that embedded research programs can play a key role in fulfilling the promise of the LHS. Program success depends on dedicated funding, robust data systems, and strong relationships between researchers and clinical stakeholders. Embedded researchers must be responsive to health system priorities and timelines, while clinicians should embrace researchers as partners in problem solving.
Optimal Recovery of Missing Values for Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

Missing values imputation is often evaluated on some similarity measure between actual and imputed data. However, it may be more meaningful to evaluate downstream algorithm performance after imputation than the imputation itself. We describe a straightforward unsupervised imputation algorithm, a minimax approach based on optimal recovery, and derive probabilistic error bounds on downstream non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). Under certain geometric conditions, we prove upper bounds on NMF relative error, which is the first bound of this type for missing values. We also give probabilistic bounds for the same geometric assumptions. Experiments on image data and biological data show that this theoretically-grounded technique performs as well as or better than other imputation techniques that account for local structure. We also comment on imputation fairness.
Metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized 13 C pyruvate magnetic resonance imaging in patients with renal tumors-Initial experience.

Background Optimal treatment selection for localized renal tumors is challenging because of their variable biologic behavior and limitations in the preoperative assessment of tumor aggressiveness. The authors investigated the emerging hyperpolarized (HP) 13 C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique to noninvasively assess tumor lactate production, which is strongly associated with tumor aggressiveness. Methods Eleven patients with renal tumors underwent HP 13 C pyruvate MRI before surgical resection. Tumor 13 C pyruvate and 13 C lactate images were acquired dynamically. Five patients underwent 2 scans on the same day to assess the intrapatient reproducibility of HP 13 C pyruvate MRI. Tumor metabolic data were compared with histopathology findings. Results Eight patients had tumors with a sufficient metabolite signal-to-noise ratio for analysis; an insufficient tumor signal-to-noise ratio was noted in 2 patients, likely caused by poor tumor perfusion and, in 1 patient, because of technical errors. Of the 8 patients, 3 had high-grade clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), 3 had low-grade ccRCC, and 2 had chromophobe RCC. There was a trend toward a higher lactate-to-pyruvate ratio in high-grade ccRCCs compared with low-grade ccRCCs. Both chromophobe RCCs had relatively high lactate-to-pyruvate ratios. Good reproducibility was noted across the 5 patients who underwent 2 HP 13 C pyruvate MRI scans on the same day. Conclusions The current results demonstrate the feasibility of HP 13 C pyruvate MRI for investigating the metabolic phenotype of localized renal tumors. The initial data indicate good reproducibility of metabolite measurements. In addition, the metabolic data indicate a trend toward differentiating low-grade and high-grade ccRCCs, the most common subtype of renal cancer. Lay summary Renal tumors are frequently discovered incidentally because of the increased use of medical imaging, but it is challenging to identify which aggressive tumors should be treated. A new metabolic imaging technique was applied to noninvasively predict renal tumor aggressiveness. The imaging results were compared with tumor samples taken during surgery and showed a trend toward differentiating between low-grade and high-grade clear cell renal cell carcinomas, which are the most common type of renal cancers.
The “Burden” of Oppositional Culture Among Black Youth in America

For decades, any scholarly conversation about the academic achievement of youth of color, and especially Black youth, required at least a nod to the widely discussed topic of oppositional culture. ...
Synthesis and electronic properties of transition metal complexes containing sulfonamidoquinoline ligands

Abstract The coordination chemistry of 4-nitro-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzenesulfonamide has been expanded. Crystal structures of bis[4-nitro-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzenesulfonamidato-κ2N,N′]cobalt(II) (2), diaqua-bis[4-nitro-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzenesulfonamidato-κ2N,N′]nickel(II) (3), and bis[4-nitro-N-(quinolin-8-yl)benzenesulfonamidato-κ2N,N′]zinc(II) (4) containing this ligand in ML2 stoichiometry were obtained. The nickel complex is isolated as a dihydrate. The degree of tetrahedrality for the four coordinate copper, cobalt, and zinc complexes was quantitatively compared by calculating the τ4 geometric parameters. Zinc complex 4 was found to be the most tetrahedral, while copper complex 1-NO2 deviated most from tetrahedral geometry. The magnetic moment calculated for 1-NO2 showed inconsistencies when measured in solution and in the solid state. Only a Cu+2 center exists in solution, while a possible mixed spin state of Cu+2 and Cu+3 is proposed in the solid state. With a more electron releasing substituent on the ligand of the copper complex as seen in complex 1-Me, this behavior is not observed and Cu+2 exists in solution and solid state. A reversible reduction at the same potential (−1.5 V vs. ferrocene) for both the ligand and the complex suggests possible redox activity of this class of ligand.
Freud’s Contagion

This chapter examines Freud’s Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego to see how his use of the term “contagion” both reinforces and undermines viral rhetoric. At times he uses biological metaphors to explain mental processes, but at other times, he seeks to distinguish his discourse from biological determinism. As a counter-discourse to the previous texts I have discussed, Freud offers a way of escaping from the confusing mixing of discourses and the promotion of Neo-Animism. One of the aims of Freud’s text is to explain why psychoanalysis has something to offer to our understanding of society, culture, and politics. To bridge the gap between individual psychology and social formations, he utilizes the concept of identification, which on its most basic level describes how isolated individuals internalize social representations transcending the subject.