cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Epidermal stem cells self-renew upon neighboring differentiation

Many adult tissues are dynamically sustained by the rapid turnover of stem cells. Yet, how cell fates such as self-renewal and differentiation are orchestrated to achieve long-term homeostasis remains elusive. Studies utilizing clonal tracing experiments in multiple tissues have argued that while stem cell fate is balanced at the population level, individual cell fate - to divide or differentiate - is determined intrinsically by each cell seemingly at random. These studies leave open the question of how cell fates are regulated to achieve fate balance across the tissue. Stem cell fate choices could be made autonomously by each cell throughout the tissue or be the result of cell coordination. Here we developed a novel live tracking strategy that allowed recording of every division and differentiation event within a region of epidermis for a week. These measurements reveal that stem cell fates are not autonomous. Rather, direct neighbors undergo coupled opposite fate decisions. We further found a clear ordering of events, with self-renewal triggered by neighbor differentiation, but not vice-versa. Typically, around 1-2 days after cell delamination, a neighboring cell entered S/G2 phase and divided. Functional blocking of this local feedback showed that differentiation continues to occur in the absence of cell division, resulting in a rapid depletion of the epidermal stem cell pool. We thus demonstrate that the epidermis is maintained by nearest neighbor coordination of cell fates, rather than by asymmetric divisions or fine-tuned cell-autonomous stochastic fate choices. These findings establish differentiation-dependent division as a core feature of homeostatic control, and define the relevant time and length scales over which homeostasis is enforced in epithelial tissues.
Developmental Care for Preemies and their Families: One Neonatologist’s Journey toward NIDCAP Practice

Over the course of a 40+ year career in pediatrics and neonatology, I moved slowly toward the sort of developmentally sensitive practice with infants and families exemplified by the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP). I was somewhat misled by early neurologic teachings, but was put on the right track during pediatric and fellowship training. Finding guidance from mentors in NIDCAP, I learned to “read” my patients’ reactions and messages, and to tailor my care to their individual capabilities and expectations. Sharing these insights with other caregivers and parents allowed me to support the infants’ neurodevelopment, to avoid negative impacts on their developing nervous systems and to discharge a more intact graduate sooner, and at less expense. NIDCAP makes for better neonatology and it is worthy, both inherently and scientifically, of your consideration.
Laying-on Hands: Santa Teresa Urrea’s Curanderismo as Medicine and Refuge at the Turn of the Twentieth Century

This essay examines the ways Teresa Urrea – a curandera or Mexican faith healer – was understood by those she healed as well as the popular presses of the turn of the century as she moved out of the US–Mexico borderlands and into urban centers of San Francisco, New York City, and especially Los Angeles. Santa Teresa’s curanderismo was a cultural refuge for ethnic Mexicans who faced an increasingly racialized and antagonistic public health system in Los Angeles. At the same time, her curanderismo – exemplified by the practice of “laying on hands” – shared epistemologies with scientific medicine and other healing modalities, such as Spiritism, allopathic medicine, and indigenous healing arts. For those who lived in the liminal space between two nations and two cultures, Santa Teresa’s curanderismo provided both practical and magical medicine for the body and spirit.
Neural Activity in the Dentate Gyrus of the Rat During the Acquisition and Performance of Simple and Complex Sensory Discrimination Learning

Neural activity recorded in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus changes during the course of simple and differential auditory discrimination learning. Such neural activity in the form of time-locked evoked potentials to the conditioned auditory stimulus has been correlated with 1) the acquisition, extinction and reconditioning of a simple discrimination task, and 2) maintained performance of a complex differential discrimination task. Several tests examining the possible influences of behavioral variables have indicated that the above neural activity is not generated by gross changes in the behavior of the animal during the different phases of conditioning. The sensory evoked neural activity in the dentate gyrus has been shown to reflect the inputs of two major hippocampal afferents, the septo-hippocampal fibers, and the perforant path. Recent experiments suggest that such activity may represent not only processes which are directly related to the conditioned status of the auditory stimulus in terms of its behavioral significance, but also the pattern of events which has just preceded that stimulus.
Molecular investigation of gas adsorption, separation, and transport on carbon nanoscrolls: A combined grand canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics study

Abstract Carbon nanoscrolls (CNSs), with controllable interlayer distances, have been systematically studied with respect to noble gas adsorption, separation, and transport properties. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were performed on pure noble gases and noble gas mixtures interacting with CNSs at different temperatures. There is separation of gases across a series of CNS interlayer distances at different pressures. The optimal interlayer distance for each noble gas was determined. Selective adsorption was characterized for noble gas mixtures, and the corresponding selectivity was explored. A molecular sieving effect was observed for a certain interlayer gap range, in which the energetically unfavorable smaller gas atoms were better stored in the CNS. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to understand the transport properties of noble gases in carbon nanoscrolls in both the cross-sectional and axial directions of the CNS. Gas molecules are found to be captured most strongly when the CNS has the optimal interlayer distance for adsorption.
Influence of a redox-signaling supplement on biomarkers of physiological stress in athletes: a metabolomics approach

We determined if drinking ASEA™, a redox-signaling molecule beverage, would improve cycling performance, counter inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune dysfunction, and alter the metabolite pro...
An Appropriate Pedagogy for Antilogical Argument

In the closing pages of this study, I contemplate the basic outline of a contemporary pedagogy for antilogical argument Many of the principles of this pedagogy have already been introduced, most explicitly in my discussions of Cicero and Quintilian But while the educational innovations of Greek and Roman Sophism are obviously the inspiration for what follows, their precedent does not provide a blueprint for contemporary instruction Put another way, imitatio at this distance would require not only the vigilant mediation of historical consciousness but also monotonous disclaimers to “please note the vast differences between ” Instead, it seems best to declare at the outset that the classical conception of antilogical argument has been refashioned in attire suitable to the practical conditions of contemporary pedagogy The Institutio Oratoria is an invaluable model for the teaching of argument; but two millennia of demographic, social, and material transformations, along with a sea-change in conceptions of social justice, simply don’t admit blithe adaptation As a scholar investigating the history of my discipline, I have tried in preceding chapters to shift my attention between past and present, theory and practice; as a teacher, however, my commitments are weighted in favor of the present.
CrowdMashup: Recommending Crowdsourcing Teams for Mashup Development

Mashups involve the collaboration of multiple developers to build Web applications out of pre-existing APIs. A large body of research focused on recommending APIs for mashups. However, very few contributions looked at recommending developers. In this paper, we propose CrowdMashup, a crowdsourcing approach for mashup teams recommendation. We analyze online developer communities and API directories to infer developers’ interests in APIs through natural language processing. We predict missing interest values using the alternating least square method for collaborative filtering. We also model interactions (comments and replies) among developers as a weighted undirected graph and introduce a sociometric to identify socially related developers. We propose an algorithm, based on the concept of cliques in graph theory, that combines developers’ skills and sociometric to recommend efficient and balanced teams. We describe a prototype implementation and conduct extensive experiments on real-world data and APIs to evaluate our approach.
Potential Caries Assessment Methods for Teledentistry

This chapter focuses on caries detection and optical based imaging technologies that have the potential to be used for oral health screening of children and adults by adjunct personnel. Another focus is examining how teledentistry based caries detection needs to be integrated with risk assessment and topical management approaches. This chapter also focuses on the importance of using a teledentistry lesion scale (TLS) where assessment scores directly correlate to clinical recommendations in order to simply the work flow in teledentistry. This chapter discusses the evidence of scattering and fluorescence based optical caries detection systems in the context of teledentistry. Despite considerable advancements in the technology of early caries detection, advanced imaging and detection methods have not been shown to have markedly superior diagnostic values from simple visual image analysis for use in teledentistry.
Circadian Regulation in Tissue Regeneration

Circadian rhythms regulate over 40% of protein-coding genes in at least one organ in the body through mechanisms tied to the central circadian clock and to cell-intrinsic auto-regulatory feedback loops. Distinct diurnal differences in regulation of regeneration have been found in several organs, including skin, intestinal, and hematopoietic systems. Each regenerating system contains a complex network of cell types with different circadian mechanisms contributing to regeneration. In this review, we elucidate circadian regeneration mechanisms in the three representative systems. We also suggest circadian regulation of global translational activity as an understudied global regulator of regenerative capacity. A more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying circadian regulation of tissue regeneration would accelerate the development of new regenerative therapies.
Your New Paradigm for Understanding and Applying Sonographic Principles

A new paradigm for understanding and applying sonographic principles is needed because two alternative fundamental principles of operation are now present in the array of commercially available son...
Safety and Efficacy of Vasopressin After Fontan Completion: A Randomized Pilot Study.

Background Arginine vasopressin is a nonapeptide hormone with effects on intracellular water transport and arterial tone that is used in distributive shock and following cardiopulmonary bypass. We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vasopressin infusion on hemodynamics and fluid balance in the early postoperative period after Fontan completion. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of vasopressin infusion for 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass for Fontan completion. Patient characteristics, hospital outcomes, and measures of hemodynamic parameters, urine output, chest tube drainage, fluid balance, laboratory data, and plasma arginine vasopressin concentrations were collected at baseline and for 48 postoperative hours. Data were analyzed using mixed-effect regressions. Results Twenty patients were randomized, 10 to vasopressin and 10 to placebo. Transpulmonary gradient (6.4 ± 0.5 vs 8.3 ± 0.5 mm Hg, P = .011) and chest tube drainage (23 ± 20 vs 40 ± 20 mL/kg, P = .028) for 48 hours after surgery were significantly lower in the vasopressin arm compared to placebo. Arginine vasopressin concentrations were elevated above baseline after surgery until 4 hours post cardiac intensive care unit admission in both arms, and higher in the vasopressin arm during postoperative infusion. No differences in sodium concentration, liver function, or renal function were noted between groups. Conclusions Vasopressin infusion after Fontan completion appears safe and was associated with reduced transpulmonary gradient and chest tube drainage in the early postoperative period. A larger multiinstitutional study may show further outcome benefit.
Adding micro labs to aid professional development in information technology class curriculum

Students in Computer Information Systems are exposed to a set of technologies early in their development. However, focus on higher level topics cause them not to apply many of these skills consistently enough to be adequately prepared for the work force. One such skill set often overlooked is versatility in operating system use. Depending on departmental preferences and student personal experience, extensive exposure to build a solid foundation in modern operating systems can be lacking, which is especially troubling for Information Technology professionals who are confronted with various platforms in the workplace. Using micro labs interspersed through normal class curriculum will aim to increase exposure to achieve a level of familiarity with operating systems. We specifically focus on giving students weekly hands on experience with Linux in a Windows centric environment.
Fourier Phase Retrieval with Arbitrary Reference Signal

Fourier phase retrieval problem aims at recovering a signal from its Fourier amplitude measurements. A good initialization and prior information about the sparsity or support of the target signal is critical for robust recovery. Holographic phase retrieval is a related problem in which the presence of a reference signal makes the signal recovery problem linear. The existing methods, however, only work if the support of the reference and target signals are sufficiently separated. In this paper, we present a Fourier phase retrieval algorithm in the presence of a known (reference) signal at arbitrary location in the scene. We assume that a small part of the target signal is known without any other assumption about the support and separation of the known and unknown parts of the signal. Our recovery algorithm is based on alternating minimization and gradient descent. We demonstrate that our proposed method significantly improves the Fourier phase retrieval for natural images and synthetic images with multiple objects.
SON inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation via repressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia.

A high incidence of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) in Down syndrome patients implies that chromosome 21 genes have a pivotal role in AMKL development, but the functional contribution of individual genes remains elusive. Here, we report that SON, a chromosome 21-encoded DNA- and RNA-binding protein, inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation by suppressing RUNX1 and the megakaryocytic gene expression program. As megakaryocytic progenitors differentiate, SON expression is drastically reduced, with mature megakaryocytes having the lowest levels. In contrast, AMKL cells express an aberrantly high level of SON, and knockdown of SON induced the onset of megakaryocytic differentiation in AMKL cell lines. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses revealed that SON knockdown turns on the expression of pro-megakaryocytic genes while reducing erythroid gene expression. Mechanistically, SON represses RUNX1 expression by directly binding to the proximal promoter and two enhancer regions, the known +23 kb enhancer and the novel +139 kb enhancer, at the RUNX1 locus to suppress H3K4 methylation. In addition, SON represses the expression of the AP-1 complex subunits JUN, JUNB, and FOSB which are required for late megakaryocytic gene expression. Our findings define SON as a negative regulator of RUNX1 and megakaryocytic differentiation, implicating SON overexpression in impaired differentiation during AMKL development.
Linking multiple aspects of thermal performance to explore the potential for thermal resource partitioning between a native and an invasive crayfish

Abstract Ecologists require standardized, ecologically relevant information on the thermal ecology of aquatic ectotherms to address growing concerns related to changing climates, altered habitats, and introduced species. We measured multiple thermal endpoints to investigate potential for establishment of the invasive Ringed Crayfish (Faxonius neglectus) in thermally heterogeneous habitat of the narrowly distributed endemic Coldwater Crayfish (Faxonius eupunctus). For each species, we examined the relationships between thermal endpoints at the cellular and organismal levels. We then compared results between the two species to gain insight as to the generality of linkages between cellular and organismal-level endpoints, as well as the potential for thermal niche separation between the native and potential invader. At the cellular level, we found no differences in the temperature for maximum activity of electron transport system enzymes (ETSmax) between species. At the organismal level, F. neglectus preferred significantly warmer temperatures than F. eupunctus, but this difference was small (1.3 °C) and likely to have only limited biological significance. The critical thermal maximum (CTM) did not differ between species. For both species, the thermal performance curve for ETS enzyme activity served as a useful framework to link thermal endpoints and estimate the transition from optimal to stressful temperatures — organismal thermal preference and optimal temperature estimates consistently fell below ETSmax whereas CTM estimates fell above ETSmax. Taken together, the strong similarities in thermal endpoint patterns between the two species suggest habitats thermally suitable for the native F. eupunctus will also be thermally available to expanding populations of F. neglectus, thereby increasing the opportunity for negative interactions and population effects if F. neglectus invades one of the few remaining, uninvaded, critical habitats of F. eupunctus.
The Constitutional Status of the Family and Medical Leave Act

In this essay, I examine the significance of the new federalism doctrine, analyze the legal opinions in Hibbs, and offer commentary on the revised history of protective legislation, the state of equal protection analysis for gender-based discrimination, and some worrying potential limitations to Congress’s ability to expand the FMLA.
Blockchain Embedded Congestion Control Model for Improving Packet Delivery Rate in Ad Hoc Networks

The blockchain, with its own attributes, has got a lot of consideration toward the start of its introduction to the world and been applied in numerous fields. Simultaneously, its security issues are uncovered continually and digital attacks have caused huge troubles in it. At present, there is little concern and research in the field of system security of the blockchain. This paper presents the uses of blockchain in wireless systems which deliberately dissect the security of each layer of the blockchain and possible digital attacks, expose the difficulties brought by the blockchain to arrange oversight, and sum up exploring the progress in providing security to the ad hoc networks. The proposed model portrays the group model of blockchain administrations; their unwavering quality is affirmed based on test information. Data communication is known to be an inefficient activity as far as message multifaceted nature, and overhead is observed. When data transmission is initiated and all nodes using the same available route, congestion in the network is increased. Notwithstanding the effect on the framework execution, inefficient model may have serious impacts on results with respect to security and affability of the blockchain. In the proposed work, an efficient model is designed that can be used in ad hoc networks to reduce the overhead of the network. As the overhead or congestion in the network is more, the performance of the ad hoc system will be decreased. To avoid such circumstances and to improve the network performance, the proposed Congestion Control Reduction with Blocks Linking (CCRBL) for generating blockchain is introduced. The proposed method is compared with the traditional congestion control systems in terms of congestion levels, same route usage levels, congestion reduction levels and throughput, and the results show that the proposed method is more efficient in congestion reduction.
Barriers to help-seeking among correction officers: examining the influence of institutional culture and structure

Correction officers experience a challenging work environment that increases the risk of encountering violence, physical danger, and traumatic events such as inmate violence and potential assaults ...
Play and Adversity: How the Playful Mammalian Brain Withstands Threats and Anxieties

Most mammals play, but they do so in a dangerous world. The dynamic relationship between the stresses created by their world and the activity of play helps to explain the evolution of play in mammals, as the author demonstrates in evidence garnered from experiments that introduce elements of fear to rats at play. The author describes the resulting fearful behavior and quantifies the fluctuation in play that results, and then he investigates how these are modified by increased maternal care or the use of benzodiazepines. In conclusion, he discusses how such research can help shed light on the neurobiology underlying human anxiety disorders, especially in children.
MO-FG-303-07: Quality Assurance of OAR Segmentation Using Machine Learning And Statistical Shape Models

Purpose: Automating the quality assurance of OAR segmentations is technically a challenging task due to the natural anatomical variations that cannot be easily quantified by computer algorithms. We report on QA method for OAR segmentations that uses recent advances in machine learning to automate the currently-used manual interpretation of segmentation quality. Materials and Methods: The approach relies on building a statistical model of an organ’s shapes and variation across patients from a set of high-quality contours representative for the anatomy. When presented with a new OAR segmentation for evaluation, the QA procedure fits the shape to the statistical model to mark outlier contours and suggest a correction for their location based on the statistics inferred from the training datasets. Technically, the statistical model of OAR variation is build using a probabilistic PCA model where deformations between learning shapes are modeled as a Gaussian process to create a general non-parametric model that is flexible in capturing inter-patient variations. Results: The algorithm was tested in clinical practice by creating custom software that intercepts DICOM RT segmentation files send to the treatment planning system, verifies them against the statistical model, and presents to original and corrected segmentations side-by-side in the treatment planning for evaluating changes suggested by the QA procedure. Segmentation quality is quantified through the Dice and Hausdorff distance between the initial and corrected shape. Conclusion: Abnormalities in critical structures delineation can be quantified by a shape model derived from a database of verified segmentation to create a software tool that detects and quantifies point-by point variations from a normal segmentation. The approach was used to verify OAR segmentation and streamline clinical practice.
Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Oxygen and Cation Diffusion in Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia

Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is of interest to the aerospace community, notably for its application as a thermal barrier coating for turbine engine components. In such an application, diffusion of both oxygen ions and cations is of concern. Oxygen diffusion can lead to deterioration of a coated part, and often necessitates an environmental barrier coating. Cation diffusion in YSZ is much slower than oxygen diffusion. However, such diffusion is a mechanism by which creep takes place, potentially affecting the mechanical integrity and phase stability of the coating. In other applications, the high oxygen diffusivity of YSZ is useful, and makes the material of interest for use as a solid-state electrolyte in fuel cells. The kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method offers a number of advantages compared with the more widely known molecular dynamics simulation method. In particular, kMC is much more efficient for the study of processes, such as diffusion, that involve infrequent events. We describe the results of kinetic Monte Carlo computer simulations of oxygen and cation diffusion in YSZ. Using diffusive energy barriers from ab initio calculations and from the literature, we present results on the temperature dependence of oxygen and cation diffusivity, and on the dependence of the diffusivities on yttria concentration and oxygen sublattice vacancy concentration. We also present results of the effect on diffusivity of oxygen vacancies in the vicinity of the barrier cations that determine the oxygen diffusion energy barriers.
Directory of Overseas Service Opportunities for Pediatricians

The following directory contains more than 80 organizations that recruit US pediatricians for both long- and short-term service opportunities overseas. This list was compiled by the staff of the Task Force on International Child Health of the American Academy of Pediatrics. Facts concerning each program were obtained through correspondence and telephone interviews with organization representatives. We have tried to make the list as complete and current as possible. Anyone knowing of a service organization that has been omitted is encouraged to supply the necessary information to:
Enhanced Cellulase Production by a Mutant of Trichoderma viride

A mutant strain that secretes twice as much cellulase as its parent was obtained by irradiating conidia of Trichoderma viride QM 6a with a linear accelerator.
Applying the Multi-Institutional Study of Leadership Findings to Collegiate Recreation and Athletics

This chapter describes ways to implement key findings of the Multi-Institutional Study of Leadership in collegiate recreation and athletic programs. Lessons from NCAA and the NIRSA Leadership Commission are also presented.
An RNA polymerase I promoter located in the CHO and mouse ribosomal DNA spacers: functional analysis and factor and sequence requirements.

Abstract We report results of experiments in which we demonstrated the existence of a polymerase I promoter within the ribosomal DNA spacer upstream from the rRNA initiation site in Chinese hamsters and mice. Transcription of the CHO spacer promoter was achieved by the same protein factors, C and D, that catalyzed transcription of the gene promoter, and these factors bound stably to the CHO spacer promoter in a preinitiation complex, just as they did to the gene promoter. In contrast to the CHO spacer promoter, which was transcribed in vitro nearly as efficiently as the gene promoter, the mouse spacer promoter was far less active; this low activity was attributable to the fact that the mouse spacer promoter bound factor D inefficiently. It is striking that the active CHO spacer promoter violated the otherwise universal rule that metazoan RNA polymerase I promoters all have a G residue at position -16. Sequence comparisons also revealed a great similarity between the CHO and mouse spacer promoter regions, yet there was much less similarity between the flanking sequences. There was also only limited homology between the spacer and gene promoter regions, but despite this the two kinds of initiation regions were organized similarly, both consisting of an essential core promoter domain and a stimulatory domain that extended upstream to approximately residue -135. Evolutionary considerations argue strongly that the presence of ribosomal DNA spacer promoters offers a significant selective advantage.
Cytoplasmic and nuclear markers reveal contrasting patterns of spatial genetic structure in a natural Ipomopsis hybrid zone

Spatial variation in natural selection may play an important role in determining the genetic structure of hybridizing populations. Previous studies have found that F1 hybrids between naturally hybridizing Ipomopsis aggregata and Ipomopsis tenuituba in central Colorado differ in fitness depending on both genotype and environment: hybrids had higher survival when I. aggregata was the maternal parent, except in the centre of the hybrid zone where both hybrid types had high survival. Here, we developed both maternally (cpDNA PCR-RFLP) and biparentally inherited (nuclear AFLP) species-diagnostic markers to characterize the spatial genetic structure of the natural Ipomopsis hybrid zone, and tested the prediction that the majority of natural hybrids have I. aggregata cytoplasm, except in areas near the centre of the hybrid zone. Analyses of 352 individuals from across the hybrid zone indicate that cytoplasmic gene flow is bidirectional, but contrary to expectation, most plants in the hybrid zone have I. tenuituba cytoplasm. This cytotype distribution is consistent with a hybrid zone in historical transition, with I. aggregata nuclear genes advancing into the contact zone. Further, nuclear data show a much more gradual cline than cpDNA markers that is consistent with morphological patterns across the hybrid populations. A mixture of environment- and pollinator-mediated selection may contribute to the current genetic structure of this hybrid system.
Health promotion for the nursing home patient.

Background: The current nursing home population numbers at least 1.5 million and is growing. Although care of the nursing home patient has been emphasized recently, health promotion activities for these patients appear underused. Current recommendations for health promotion are based on expert opinion, because well-controlled studies to support such activities in the elderly are lacking for most practices. Methods: Using the key words “health promotion” and “preventive health services,” cross-referenced with “aged,” articles were selected from MEDLINE files from 1979 to the present. Bibliographies of these references were reviewed to select additional references. Results: A review of the literature shows that although health promotion activities are not appropriate for every nursing home patient, many patients live for years in the long-term care facility and can benefit from health promotion. Health promotion activities can be organized around patients’ length of stay. Procedures that should be considered include breast cancer screening, Papanicolaou smears for cervical cancer, hearing and vision loss screening, fall prevention assessment, immunizations, screening for dementia and depression, drug evaluation, screening for thyroid disease, and advance directives. Conclusions: Physicians who practice in nursing homes should consider health promotion for select nursing home patients.
Array synthesis of novel lipodepsipeptide

Synthetic array technology was utilized to rapidly synthesize and analyze a diverse set of reductive alkylation analogues of daptomycin. Analysis of the array suggested the use of polar functionality such as sulfonamides or amide or polar spaces such as piperazine would beneficially affect activity.
Unparsing RDF/XML

It is difficult to serialize an RDF graph as a humanly readable RDF/XML document. This paper describes the approach taken in Jena 1.2, in which a design pattern of guarded procedures invoked using top down recursive descent is used. Each procedure corresponds to a grammar rule; the guard makes the choice about the applicability of the production. This approach is seen to correspond closely to the design of an LL(k) parser, and a theoretical justification of this correspondence is found in universal algebra.
A Western Consumer in Korea: Autoethnographical Fiction of Western Performance

Shopping is a profoundly important survival skill. It also communicates power, status, class, and many other ritualistic aspects of culture that imbue the performance of shopping with meaning beyond the fulfillment of material needs. Shopping is at once political and pleasurable, if not at times frustrating. These autoethnographic vignettes show the effects of a foreign male body navigating and blundering through consumer culture in South Korea. Beginning with the seemingly simple task of ordering coffee at a coffee shop, what follows investigates nuances of performing Western consumerism out of the Western context, moving on to bigger ticket and even household items in more chaotic and, sometimes, predictably docile sites. Informed by the works of Alexander (2003), Denzin (2003), Ellis and Bochner (2000), and Ulmer (1989), these vignettes illustrate the moments of epiphany in which the often paradoxical and contradictory motivations and effects of everyday performances of culture are revealed and understood.
High affinity selenium uptake in a keratinocyte model

The distribution of selenium in mammals has been recently shown to be mediated primarily by selenoprotein P. Even in the absence of selenoprotein P, selenium is distributed from the liver into all organs and tissues when supplemented in the diet. The form of selenium that is actively taken up by mammalian cells at trace concentrations has yet to be determined. We used a human keratinocyte model to determine whether reduction of the oxyanion selenite (SeO(3)(2-)) to the more reduced form of selenide (HSe(-)) would affect uptake. Indeed a reduced form of selenium, presumably selenide, was actively transported into keratinocytes and displayed saturation kinetics with an apparent K(m) of 279 nM. ATPase inhibitors blocked the uptake of selenide, as did the competing anions molybdate and chromate, but not sulfate. These results suggest that the small molecule form of selenium that is distributed in tissues is hydrogen selenide, despite its sensitivity to oxygen and reactivity to thiols.
The Spawning Habits of Brook, Brown and Rainbow Trout, and the Problem of Egg Predators

(1932). The Spawning Habits of Brook, Brown and Rainbow Trout, and the Problem of Egg Predators. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society: Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 239-248.
Kierkegaard on faith and history

For Kierkegaard history constitutes both a necessary aspect and an embarrassing distraction to Christian faith. On the one hand, he recognizes the necessity of the incarnation as the basis for Christian faith: God entered history as a human being. On the other hand, he regards any preoccupation with historical inquiry as both useless and positively harmful for faith. That is, while Christianity needs a minimum of historical data, any inquiry into the credibility of that data will necessarily fail to establish anything one way or another and may even result in turning the believer aside from obedient discipleship. In this paper I will discuss these two theses. In section I I will analyze the claim that a historical point .of departure is necessary for faith. In section II I will discuss Kierkegaard's claim that historical investigation is unnecessary and even harmful for faith. In section III I will offer a brief evaluation of this area of Kierkegaard's thought. On these issues I believe there is no substantive difference between Kierkegaard's own beliefs and those set forth by Climacus, but nothing hangs on this point. If readers disagree, let them take this paper as a critique of Climacus's ideas since nearly all the material comes from the Philosophical Fragments and the Concluding Unscientific Postscript.
Epimerization of 2,4-dibenzilidene-6-methylbicyclo(3.1.0)hexane-3-one

Abstract Thermal epimerization of the title compound occurs readily at > 150°C, with Eyring parameters of ΔH ‡ = 29.8 kcal/mol and ΔS ‡ = −10.8 cal/mol-K, consistent with a planarized intermediate or transition state.
Theory of transformation groups of polynomials over GF(2) with applications to linear shift register sequences

Abstract The group of unimodular transformations on the roots of polynomials over GF (2) is considered, and those polynomials with symmetries in the unimodular group are identified. The cross-correlation function between two maximum-length linear shift register sequences of the same degree is shown to be computable as an explicit linear transformation, in matrix form, on either one of the sequences, regarded as a vector. The underlying vector space is the “cyclotomic algebra,” generated by the cyclotomic cosets, or by what Gauss termed the “periods” of the cyclotomic equation. A variety of numerical examples are worked in detail.
The Drosophila yolkless gene encodes a vitellogenin receptor belonging to the low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily.

Sequence comparisons of vitellogenins from a wide range of organisms have identified regions of similarity not only to each other but also to vertebrate apolipoproteins (e.g. apoB-100 and apoE). Furthermore, the chicken vitellogenin receptor, which also binds apolipoproteins receptor (LDLR) superfamily [Bujo, H., Hermann, M., Kaderli, M. O., Jacobsen, L., Sugawara, S., Nimpf, J., Yamamoto, T. & Schneider, W. J. (1994) EMBO J. 13, 5165-5175]. The yolk proteins of higher dipterans are exceptional, however, and instead show similarity to lipoprotein lipases. The molecular characterization of the putative Drosophila melanogaster vitellogenin receptor gene, yolkless (yl), described in this report reveals that the protein it encodes (Yl), is also a member of the LDLR superfamily. The ovary-specific 6.5-kb yl RNA codes for a protein of approximately 210 kDa which contains all three motifs common to the LDLR class of proteins. Within this superfamily, Yl may be related more to the LDLR-related proteins (LRPs), which bind both apolipoproteins and lipoprotein lipases. The similarity of Yl to the other LDLR proteins is restricted to the putative extracellular domain. Most noticeably, the cytoplasmic domain of Yl lacks the typical NPXY sequence which is involved in receptor internalization.
Cocaine-induced agitated delirium with associated hyperthermia: a case report.

Abstract Background: “Cocaine-induced agitated delirium with associated hyperthermia” is a rare, almost uniformly fatal syndrome. The incidence of the disease is not known, however, it is believed to have markedly increased since the late 1980s with widespread popularity of crack cocaine. Objective: Recent literature is lacking regarding this rare syndrome. Although almost uniformly fatal, we present a neurologically intact survivor due to a multidisciplinary team approach. Case Report: We are reporting a 41-year-old African-American man who arrived at the trauma center with a rectal temperature of 42.6°C (108.6°F) and a toxicology screen positive for cocaine. The patient manifested many of the known complications of cocaine-induced agitated delirium with associated hyperthermia, including renal failure and coagulation panel abnormalities. With early application of cooling techniques, including ice pack, gastric lavage, and bilateral chest cavity lavage using multiple chest tubes, the patient's core temperature was quickly lowered. Conclusion: This case demonstrated how a multidisciplinary team approach, including emergency medicine and critical care specialists, and aggressive treatment of hyperthermia using bilateral tube thoracostomy and chest cavity lavage enabled our patient's core temperature to be effectively lowered. We were unable to find prior reports of using tube thoracostomy in this manner.
Language, Social Skills, and Socioemotional Behavior

This article provides an introduction to the clinical forum on the relationship of language impairment, social skills, and socioemotional behavior. We introduce the following issues: (a) the influe...
Mechanisms for soft‐tissue ablation and the development of alternative medical lasers based on investigations with mid‐infrared free‐electron lasers

Experimental evidence indicating the potential biomedical advantages of using a Mark-III Free-Electron Laser (FEL) for the ablation of soft tissue were first reported in 1994. Research progress since that time is reviewed, including: 1) successful human surgery using the Mark-III FEL; 2) advances in understanding the physical mechanism for infrared tissue ablation and how these mechanistic features correlate with the preferential ablative properties; 3) the pursuit of table-top, nanosecond-pulsed laser technology that mimics the preferential ablation properties of the Mark-III FEL with the aim of improving clinical acceptance of mid-infrared laser ablation of soft tissue; and 4) current research challenges.
The intergenerational spectrum: an innovative approach to end-of-life care.

Our experiences color our practice lens, motivating and guiding our efforts. They define our need to renew and refocus interventions and energies. The unique nature of these efforts prompts us to validate the individuality of issues faced with clients. My respect for this principle of self-determination drives my case management practice in how I approach that intimate world of client systems during their death and dying processes. From the earliest phase of awareness to anticipatory grief and mourning, through death itself and then bereavement, the critical importance of examining the course of themes from an intergenerational perspective sets a tone for practice—a tone that embraces age-specific concepts for our clients and their support community, including the professionals involved.
Asymmetrical protection of neostriatal neurons against transient forebrain ischemia by unilateral dopamine depletion.

Abstract Neurons in the dorsal neostriatum are highly vulnerable to transient cerebral ischemia. It has been suggested that excessive dopamine release during ischemia may play an important role in the pathogenesis of postischemic cell death in the neostriatum. However, it remains controversial whether depletion of dopamine protects neurons in the neostriatum against ischemic insult. In the present study, transient forebrain ischemia was induced using the four-vessel occlusion method. Ischemic depolarization was used as an indication of completed ischemia. Under our experimental conditions, ischemia that produces ≈21 min ischemic depolarization caused more than 90% of cell death in the dorsolateral neostriatum. Using such ischemia as a standard insult, the effect of dopamine depletion on neostriatal neurons after ischemia was investigated. Dopamine depletion was produced by unilateral injection of 6-OHDA into the substantia nigra. No difference was found between the number of surviving neurons in the left and the right neostriatum after depletion of dopamine on the left side. In contrast, surviving neurons dramatically increased in the right neostriatum after depletion of dopamine on the right side. These results clearly demonstrate an asymmetrical protection of neostriatal neurons against ischemia after dopamine depletion. The mechanisms of this asymmetrical protection may clarify dopamine action on neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia.
Parents’ Perceptions of Child Care for Children with Disabilities

Sixteen Minnesota families with children with disabilities participated in a 2-year interview study of their care experiences. Findings show that families developed a network of care providers, struggled to pay additional costs for care, were not informed of community services and programs, and believed that their children received adequate child care. This study highlights the need to provide information to families and providers and to link services in both rural and urban communities.
Does “ought” imply “can”?

IN A recent article Mr. W. J. Rees has defended the view that the word "ought" is not, as is frequently supposed, "ambiguous in a number of different ways."' In particular, he denies that there is one sense of "ought" which implies "can" and another sense which does not, contending that those instances of usage which seem to support interpreting "ought" in the latter sense are, when properly analyzed, seen to support the former interpretation. I shall suggest in the remarks which follow, first, that Mr. Rees in adopting the view that "ought" implies "can" is asserting more than is susceptible of clear proof and that it would be better to state the substance of his position in another way, and, second, that there is in any event, regardless of the way in which it may be stated, reason to believe that the substance of Mr. Rees's position regarding the relationship obtaining between "ought" and "can" is false. But I do not think that the correctness of these remarks would in any way disestablish Mr. Rees's view that "ought" is unambiguous. As Frankena has pointed out, we often withdraw such statements as "A ought to do B" or "A ought to have done B rather than C," when we become convinced that A cannot do or could not have done B, and it is this fact which "has led many moral philosophers to say, in one way or another, that 'ought' implies 'can'."2 Now if "ought" implies "can" in the same sense in which, for example, "This object is red" implies "This object is colored," the statement "A ought to do B" would be false if A could not do B. But would one when he becomes convinced that A cannot do B, withdraw his statement because he considers it to be false or would he withdraw it for some other reason? There are at least two plausible alternatives to the view that when such a statement is withdrawn it is always because it is believed to have been proved false. 1. It may be that in some instances one says "A ought to do B" when he means "A ought to do B if he can." He then "withdraws" his original statement by making his meaning explicit. Thus one might remark upon learning that A can't do B, "All I meant was that A ought to do it if he can, and I still think so." This alternative would of course not explain all instances of withdrawal unless one were prepared to argue that "A ought to do B" means "A ought to do B if he can," a view which does not seem at all plausible; but it may explain some instances which appear to lend support to the "ought" implies "can" interpretation.
Coleridge’s “Fire, Famine, Slaughter”: The Vendée, Rage, and Hypostasized Allegory

Largely ignored, Coleridge’s “Fire, Famine, Slaughter: A War Eclogue” is a powerful attack on Pitt’s policy in the Vendee in northwest France, 1793–96, congruent with Coleridge’s reports on the Vendee in The Watchman. It is a venture into dramatic allegory where the hypostasized figures seek the unutterable name of the human instigator of the policy. The poem experiments with voices, exclamations, vituperations, and spells; among a mixture of forms it may be the comic epic Coleridge promised. Coleridge’s allegory learns from Milton’s Sin and Death and from Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress; its hellish imagery anticipates Walter Benjamin’s speculations on allegory. Coleridge minimizes the fervor of his poem in the prologue added in 1817, while showing pride in the work of his younger self.