cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Simulation of large fragment impacts on neat and STF Kevlar fabric barriers

Hybrid-particle element methods developed for woven fabric impact modeling oer a new computational approach to fabric barrier design. Impact simulations performed using this technique show good agreement with experiment and capture the complex multilayer fabric dynamics observed in high speed videos of impact testing. In recent research the numerical method has been extended, in order to model the inertial, thermodynamic, and energy dissipation properties of shear-thickening uid (STF) Kevlar. Simulations of large fragment impacts, at velocities near 1,000 feet per second, demonstrate the ability of the extended formulation to quantify the relative ballistic performance of neat and STF Kevlar fabric barriers. The simulations indicate that impact energy dissipation in STF Kevlar can be accurately described by a rate-independent dissipation model, suggesting that shear thickening eects may not play a major role in determining the ballistic performance of the augmented fabric.
Comparison of Application of Technicality and Economy of Plasma Ignition Technology and Micro-oil Ignition Technology in 1 000 MW Unit

Taking 1 000 MW unit as an example,this paper compares plasma ignition and micro-oil ignition technologies in performance in aspects of adaptability of coal type,ignition characteristics,secondary burning and environmental protection.On the basis of actual quality of hours of use,it considers equal calorific value as fired,calculates costs for capital construction and operation of these two ignition technologies and compares their economy from an angle of safe operation.It proposes to choose micro-oil ignition technology for the first-stage project while plasma ignition technology for the later project for those new constructed units.For those reformed units,it proposed to adopt micro-oil ignition technology.It points out factors to be considered for choosing ignition ways are increasing oil price.
Optimization for SSR-PCR Reaction System of Rice

The SSR amplification system for rice was studied to optimize the concentration of template DNA,Mg2+,dNTPs,primer and Taq DNA polymerase.The concentration of Mg2+ and dNTPs had greater impact on the amplification,and primer had a little effect when its concentration was between 1.6 μmol.L-1 and 3.0 μmol·L-1.The concentration of template DNA and Taq DNA polymerase also had little effect on amplification.Optimized SSR system for rice was established for a 20μL reaction system:1.75 mmol·L-1 Mg2+,0.20 mmol·L-1 dNTPs,2.4 μmol·L-1 primer,0.75U Taq DNA polymerase and 45ng template DNA.
Longer term benefits of treating rheumatoid arthritis: Assessment of radiographic damage and physical function in clinical trials

Evidence from randomized controlled trials with newly approved DMARD therapies have proven efficacy by American College of Rheumatology [ACR] response criteria, Disease Activity Scores [DAS] and radiographic measures of disease progression. Treatment over 2 years duration results in clinically meaningful improvements in physical function, by the Health Assessment Questionnaire [HAQ] and health related quality of life [HRQOL], using the medical outcomes short form 36 [SF-36]. Changes in HAQ are evident within one month, maximal at 3-6 months, and sustained over 24 months, reflected by improvements in social functioning, role emotional and the general health profile as well as physical domains of SF-36. Trials with the new DMARDs, as well as MTX, indicate that long term benefits in radiographic damage and physical function can be inferred from treatment data over 12 months. "Successful" patients who continue to do well will derive benefit from treatment for as long as 3 to 5 years. Recent RCTs indicate that combination therapy, initiated together, offers more improvement in radiographic progression and physical function than monotherapy, although the trial data cannot yet tell us which DMARD may be most beneficial in a given patient. Once treatment with any one agent--biologic or synthetic--is initiated, the addition of a second agent should occur rapidly, if for example active disease persists 8 or 12 weeks later, without waiting for documented treatment failure. If this treatment paradigm is followed, along with regular assessments of radiographic damage and physical function, then patients may more likely derive long term clinical benefit than with traditional approaches.
Physiological effects of sucrose substitutes and artificial sweeteners on growth pattern and acid production of glucose-grown Streptococcus mutans strains in vitro.

The synergistic effects of four sucrose substitutes, polysorbate and five artificial sweeteners were studied in vitro on growth pattern and acid production of seven glucose-grown Streptococcus mutans strains, representing the five serological groups after Bratthall. Four distinct growth pat­ terns during glucose fermentation were observed: high rate of growth with low acid production, moderate growth rate with moderate acid production, moderate growth rate with high acid pro­duction, and slow rate of growth with moderate acid production. Depending on the strain used, the final OD at 546 nm ranged from 0.55 to 0.99 and the final pH of the medium varied between 4.65 and 4.15. While added sucrose substitutes, with exceptions, usually enhanced growth rate, most artificial sweeteners suppressed or, at higher concentrations, even inhibited growth of S. mutans-, addition of polysorbate to the medium always increased growth rate of S. mutans significantly. The presence of sucrose substitutes during glucose fermentation had no effect on final pH of the medium, but addition of artificial sweeteners, especially sodium saccharin, elevated final pH up to 1.8 units. The observed physiological patterns and differences within the several strains of S. mutans during glucose fermentation in vitro do not necessarily relate to the five serological groups of the species.
Model Hydrodesulfurization Systems: Reactions of Sulfur Containing Molecules on Ni(110)

Reactions of sulfur containing molecules on the Ni(110) surface have been studied under ultrahigh vacuum conditions using such surface analysis tools as high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature programmed reactions (TPR) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Mechanistic information on the desulfurization reaction of methanethiol was obtained. The reaction products were gaseous methane and hydrogen, and surface sulfur and carbon. Methylthiolate fragments were identified as intermediates by vibrational spectroscopy (HREELS) and XPS.
Hellenistic Epigram: Contexts of Exploration

This book offers scholars and students of Hellenistic and Roman literature an overview of Hellenistic epigram, a field closely related to other Hellenistic poetry and highly influential upon Roman poetry. In fourteen themed chapters, it foregrounds the literary, linguistic, historical, epigraphic, social, political, ethnic, cultic, onomastic, local, topographical and patronage contexts within which Hellenistic epigrams were composed. Many epigrams are analysed in detail and new interpretations of them proposed. Throughout, the question is asked whether epigrams are literary jeux d'esprit (as is often assumed without proper discussion) or whether they relate to real people and real events and have a function in the real world. That function may be epigraphic, for example an epigram can be the epitymbion for inscription at someone's grave, or the anathematikon for inscription on or beside a dedicated object, or a picture-label - an ekphrasis to accompany a painting or mosaic.
Sequential Sparse Matching Pursuit

We propose a new algorithm, called Sequential Sparse Matching Pursuit (SSMP), for solving sparse recovery problems. The algorithm provably recovers a k-sparse approximation to an arbitrary n-dimensional signal vector x from only O(k log(n/k)) linear measurements of x. The recovery process takes time that is only near-linear in n. Preliminary experiments indicate that the algorithm works well on synthetic and image data, with the recovery quality often outperforming that of more complex algorithms, such as l 1 minimization.
What Really Happens in Quantitative Group Research? Results of a Content Analysis of Recent Quantitative Research in JSGW

The authors conducted a content analysis on quantitative studies published in The Journal for Specialists in Group Work (JSGW) between 2012 and 2015. This brief report provides a general overview of the current practices of quantitative group research in counseling. The following study characteristics are reported and discussed: study design, sample size (total number of participants, group sizes, and number of groups), statistical tests and/or techniques used, and how/whether the violation of independence assumption was addressed. The authors make recommendations for best practices in quantitative group work research.
Deriving stochastic properties from behavior models defined by Monterey Phoenix

Stochastic properties of behavior models are of interest to the developer of a System of Systems (SoS) in order to gain insight to the likelihood of potential outcomes of the system. Constraints added to the system introduce changes to the inherent dependencies within a representative Bayesian belief network; thereby impacting the system. This paper defines a probability process model that may be used to identify the probability of outcomes compliant with behavior models defined in Monterey Phoenix (MP), with constraints added to the model.
“ I Was There! ”: The Conjunction of Study Abroad and Dark Tourism

When contemplating the role and promise of a Holocaust study abroad program, it is worth pausing here to note that many would see our visits to concentration camps and other sites of death as ghoulish and morbid, and charge us with what is understood as “trauma or dark tourism”—the traveling to places connected to death and atrocity. The concept of dark tourism brings up a set of interesting questions: To what extent does the program intersect with, and even constitute, tourism to Holocaust sites? If so, (how) does it matter? How does our role as tourists affect us in our learning outcomes but also affect the sites we visit? Furthermore, to what extent is our objective to learn at sites of trauma ethical when considering the charge of trauma, or dark, tourism? Set amidst a growing body of literature that focuses on the theoretical issues surrounding dark tourism, my observations here offer an opportunity to think about how we can negotiate the tensions between our roles as learners, visitors, and tourists. While my encounters certainly incorporate the charges that the label of dark tourism places upon us, they do offer a departure from the typically negative valance to suggest instead that an intentional reflection by students on the ways in which trauma and memory is mediated through tourism can add a valuable, and positive, methodological tool to learning about the Holocaust.
Should Cefazolin Be the First-line Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Choice in Patients Undergoing Hysterectomy? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background Current practice guidelines non-preferentially recommend cefazolin, cefoxitin, cefotetan, or ampicillin-sulbactam as first line choices for antibiotic prophylaxis in hysterectomy. We undertook a systematic review to determine whether cefazolin, with no anti-anaerobic activity, is as effective as β-lactam antibiotics with anti-anaerobic activity at preventing surgical site-infection (SSI) after abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy.
Nonhealing orbital floor fracture in a pediatric patient: A unique presentation of pseudo-silent sinus syndrome.

ABSTRACTSilent sinus syndrome was first described as spontaneous enophthalmos and hypoglobus associated with subclinical maxillary sinusitis without prior trauma or surgery. This clinical entity has later been described after trauma in which damage to the ostiomeatal complex leads to atelectasis of the maxillary sinus. We report a case of a 14-year-old boy who presented 4 years after sustaining a non-operative orbital floor fracture with enophthalmos and transient diplopia. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated enlargement in size of the original orbital floor fracture and bilateral maxillary sinus disease. Bilateral chronic sinusitis suggested an anatomical predisposition to sinusitis unrelated to the prior trauma. The authors propose that, in this case, negative pressure in the maxillary sinus and chronic inflammation led to bone resorption and failure of the orbital fracture to heal. This differs from prior reports of silent sinus syndrome in that there was complete resorption of bone of the orbital fl...
5-YEAR DURABILITY RESULTS OF TRANSCATHETER MITRAL VALVE REPAIR WITH THE MITRACLIP® SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE DEGENERATIVE MITRAL REGURGITATION AND PROHIBITIVE SURGICAL RISK

Surgical mitral valve repair (MVr) remains the gold standard for treatment of severe degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR). However, DMR patients who are felt to have prohibitive risk of mortality and morbidity with MVr have limited therapeutic options. We report outcomes through 5 yrs to evaluate
Advanced Gravity Concentration of Fine Particles: A Review

ABSTRACTThe article makes an effort in consolidating the developments in the field of advanced gravity separation techniques for processing fine particles over the last few decades. The application potentials of various unit operations and the influence of process variables and feed characteristics on the process performance are identified. Fundamentals of advanced gravity separators are discussed from theoretical and applied perspectives. Comparative analyses of various related unit operations are incorporated including the advantages and short falls of different advanced gravity separation techniques. A general guideline is presented that will help designing new mineral processing flow sheets with better efficiency indices.
Issues in Mathematics Assessment in the United States

The results of comparative studies of United States students’ mathematical achievement (McKnight et al., 1987; Crosswhite et al., 1987; Dossey et al., 1988) in national and international arenas have heightened the United States’ awareness of the importance of mathematics as a tool for stability in an era of rapid change (MSEB, 1989a, 1989b; Adelman & Alsalam, 1988; Johnson & Packard, 1987). At the same time, mathematics educators and others set out to describe how the United States’ society might measure both the growth of mathematical ability in individuals and in the society itself (Alexander & James, 1988; Kulm, 1990; Raizen & Jones, 1985; Resnick, 1987; NCTM, 1989). These attempts also brought with them a number of reports dealing with the dangers of testing and the role testing might play in stratifying society (National Commission on Test and Public Policy, 1990).
ROLE FOR CONTRACTILE PROTEINS IN TRANSMITTER RELEASE

Actin, myosin and tropomyosin have been identified in synaptosomal preparations (Puszkin et al., 1972; Blitz and Fine, 1974). Furthermore, actin (Blomberg et al., 1977; Cohen et al., 1977; Kelly and Cotman, 1978; Wang and Mahler, 1976; Schwartz et al., 1977; Mahler, 1977), myosin (Beach and Cotman, 1979) and the calcium regulator protein calmodulin (Grab et al., 1979; Lin et al., 1980; Wood et al., 1980) have been shown to be present in synaptic membrane sites. The physiological activity of the contractile proteins in synaptic membranes has not been established. It has been suggested that the actomyosin system present in nerve terminals may function in the release of transmitter materials at synaptic junctions (Poisner, 1970; Berl et al., 1973). Little direct evidence in support of such a function has been reported (Babitch et al., 1979).
Using Variable Speed Pumps to Reduce Leakage and Improve Performance

It is well known that the use of variable speed pumps for operating pressurized water distribution systems provides many potential benefits. In this paper, several models for investigating the performance of water distribution systems with variable speed pumps are presented. The models were developed to determine the optimum speeds for operating VFD (variable frequency drive) pumps to meet stated objectives.
Continuous, On-Line Stream Analyzer for Dissolved CO2 in Beer

(1968). Continuous, On-Line Stream Analyzer for Dissolved CO2 in Beer. Proceedings. Annual meeting - American Society of Brewing Chemists: Vol. 26, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting 1968, pp. 120-124.
Valvular Heart Disease: Pathological Anatomy and Pathogenesis

Valvular heart disease can result from a spectrum of congenital abnormalities and acquired degenerative and inflammatory conditions. The bicuspid aortic valve is the most common congenital valve lesion. Calcific aortic stenosis frequently affects bicuspid aortic valves in middle-aged adults and tricuspid aortic valves in older individuals. Floppy mitral valve due to myxomatous degeneration occurs as an isolated entity or as a component of Marfan syndrome or other connective tissue dyscrasias. Several endocrine and metabolic conditions can produce valvular diseases, including carcinoid heart disease and cardiac amyloidosis. Collagen vascular diseases commonly produce valvular heart disease, and these include rheumatic valvulitis, rheumatoid valvulitis, lupus erythematosus valvulitis, and other related conditions. Infective endocarditis can develop on previously diseased or normal valves. Prosthetic heart valves include mechanical valves and bioprostheses. Characteristic pathological changes influence the suitability of the different prostheses for individual patients. Percutaneous valve replacement and valve sparing procedures are increasingly being performed.
Optimizing Machine Learning Methods to Improve Predictive Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

BACKGROUND Predicting clinical course of cognitive decline can boost clinical trials' power and improve our clinical decision-making. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are specifically designed for the purpose of prediction; however. identifying optimal features or algorithms is still a challenge. OBJECTIVE To investigate the accuracy of different ML methods and different features to classify cognitively normal (CN) individuals from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to predict longitudinal outcome in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS A total of 1,329 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were included: 424 CN, 656 MCI, and 249 AD individuals. Four feature-sets at baseline (hippocampal volume and volume of 47 cortical and subcortical regions with and without demographics and APOE4) and six machine learning methods (decision trees, support vector machines, K-nearest neighbor, ensemble linear discriminant, boosted trees, and random forests) were used to classify participants with normal cognition from participants with AD. Subsequently the model with best classification performance was used for predicting clinical outcome of MCI participants. RESULTS Ensemble linear discriminant models using demographics and all volumetric magnetic resonance imaging measures as feature-set showed the best performance in classification of CN versus AD participants (accuracy = 92.8%, sensitivity = 95.8%, and specificity = 88.3%). Prediction accuracy of future conversion from MCI to AD for this ensemble linear discriminant at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months was 63.8% (sensitivity = 74.4, specificity = 63.1), 68.9% (sensitivity = 75.9, specificity = 67.8), 74.9% (sensitivity = 71.5, specificity = 76.3), 75.3%, (sensitivity = 65.2, specificity = 79.7), and 77.0% (sensitivity = 59.6, specificity = 86.1), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Machine learning models trained for classification of CN versus AD can improve our prediction ability of MCI conversion to AD.
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast: A review focused on the updated World Health Organization (WHO) 5th Edition morphologic classification

Neuroendocrine breast neoplasms are uncommon invasive carcinomas that have historically been poorly defined due to various definitions of what constitutes a neuroendocrine carcinoma. The 5th Edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Breast Tumors has moved to a dichotomous classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms in the breast in order to become standardized with classifications of other organ systems. Neuroendocrine breast neoplasms in the new edition are classified as "neuroendocrine tumor" and "neuroendocrine carcinoma." Key changes are exclusion of special histologic types (solid papillary carcinoma and hypercellular variant of mucinous carcinoma) and the inclusion of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Neuroendocrine tumors are genetically heterogenous and harbor molecular alterations that differ from invasive carcinoma, no special type. Neuroendocrine carcinomas (high-grade) show some overlapping molecular alterations with their counterparts in other organ systems. Data regarding the prognostic significance of neuroendocrine differentiation are conflicting, and histologic grade and tumor stage remain the main prognostic parameters. Current management of neuroendocrine neoplasms is not different from other types of breast carcinoma. This review will provide an update to the current WHO classification of neuroendocrine breast neoplasms and describe pertinent clinical, histologic, and molecular features of these uncommon tumors.
Contained and abandoned in the “humane” border: Black migrants’ immobility and survival in Moroccan urban space:

This article examines the effects of Morocco’s new, “humane” migration policy that claimed to center human rights and integration over securitized border enforcement. Drawing on ethnographic resear...
Gastric outlet obstruction in the setting of acute cholecystitis

Abstract Acute cholecystitis is a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) and may manifest with nonspecific symptoms which may preclude or delay diagnosis. During the latter part of the 20th century, benign disease was responsible for most cases of GOO in adults with peptic ulcer disease accounting for up to 90% of these cases. Although precise estimates on GOO incidence and prevalence are lacking, as many as 2000 surgical operations were reportedly performed annually for GOO in the United States in the 1990s. We present clinical and imaging findings of a case of a 101-year-old woman with GOO resulting from extrinsic compression from a massively dilated gallbladder related to acute cholecystitis. In addition, we review other rare biliary causes of GOO.
‘For Me, In My Present State’: Kant on Judgments of Perception and Mere Subjective Validity

Few of Kant’s distinctions have generated as much puzzlement and criticism as the one he draws in the Prolegomena between judgments of experience, which he describes as objectively and universally valid, and judgments of perception, which he says are merely subjectively valid. Yet the distinction between objective and subjective validity is central to Kant’s account of experience and plays a key role in his Transcendental Deduction of the categories. In this paper, I reject a standard interpretation of the distinction, according to which judgments of perception are merely subjectively valid because they are made without sufficient investigation. In its place, I argue that for Kant, judgments of perception are merely subjectively valid because they merely report sequences of perceptions had by a subject without claiming that what is represented by the perceptions is connected in the objects the perceptions are of. Whereas the interpretation I criticize undercuts Kant’s strategy in the Deduction, I argue, my interpretation illuminates it.
Phospho-β-catenin expression in primary and metastatic melanomas and in tumor-free visceral tissues

{beta}-catenin ({beta}cat) is an important downstream effector in the Wnt signaling pathway and plays an important role in the development and progression of many cancers including melanoma. {beta}cat expression is regulated by GSK-3{beta}-mediated phosphorylation at positions 33, 37 and 41. In normal cells, phosphorylation at these sites triggers proteasomal degradation, which in turn prevents accumulation of free cytoplasmic {beta}cat. In cancer cells, stabilized {beta}-catenin translocates into the nucleus, where it associates with TCF/Lef proteins to activate transcription of genes that promote tumorigenesis and metastasis. It has been suggested that nuclear phospho-{beta}cat (p{beta}cat) staining may be diagnostically useful in differentiating primary from metastatic melanoma. Also, a p{beta}cat peptide (residues 30-39, p33) is naturally presented by melanoma cells as a T-cell target. We evaluated the expression of pS33-{beta}cat in primary and metastatic melanoma tissues by immunohistochemistry. pS33-{beta}cat was detected in primary and metastatic melanomas and was most commonly cytoplasmic and almost never exclusively nuclear. Interestingly, staining with pS33-{beta}cat and pS33/37/T41-{beta}cat antibodies was most intense in mitotic melanoma cells, consistent with prior studies demonstrating changes in the level of {beta}cat during cell division. We observed no significant differences in p{beta}cat staining location or intensity between primary and metastatic melanomas, suggesting that p{beta}cat may have limited diagnostic or prognostic utility in melanoma. However, the high expression in dividing cells suggests promise as an immunotherapeutic target.
Who is satisfied with life? Personality, cognitive flexibility, and life satisfaction

In the current study, we examined the relationship between Big Five personality traits, cognitive flexibility, and life satisfaction. We expected that the Big Five traits would predict cognitive flexibility, cognitive flexibility would predict life satisfaction, and cognitive flexibility would mediate the relationship between four of the Big Five traits (conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) and life satisfaction. We sampled 258 U. S. participants through MTurk, where they completed a series of self-report measures. Using path analysis, we found support for each of our predictions. Future research should examine the role of affect and cognition in the Big Five traits, and how those might predict cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction.
A Latina science teacher becoming a dialogic educator: “I’m okay being hated because somebody has to be strong”

This is a single-case study of Teresa, a Latina secondary science teacher, who reflected on her experiences with her Latinx bilingual immigrant students and families and other science educators in a dialogic science learning community. Bearing witness to Teresa’s commitment and ongoing struggles for a more inclusive science teaching, we aimed to better understand the realistic potential of dialogic science learning communities in supporting teachers, like Teresa, in their effort to enact a science teaching inclusive of their students’ families and communities while functioning within the constraints of policy structures in schools. Grounded in a Freirean notion of dialogic education, this study used focus group interview, individual interview, and participation observation methods for data collection and analysis. Our findings indicated that Teresa’s participation in the professional learning program led her to restructure her work with her students and their families through dialogue-based learning interactions in the classroom and through actively working with parents as willing partners to engage students in science learning both in and beyond school. Our findings point to the power of dialogic science learning communities when working with bilingual immigrant students, in which teachers develop close companionship with students, families, and colleagues in ways that build teacher knowledge while also supporting teachers’ efforts navigating the challenges and tensions of teaching science in today’s conflicted sociopolitical context.
Model reduction for control system design

An approach and a technique for effectively obtaining reduced order mathematical models of a given large order model for the purposes of synthesis, analysis and implementation of control systems is developed. This approach involves the use of an error criterion which is the H-infinity norm of a frequency weighted error between the full and reduced order models. The weightings are chosen to take into account the purpose for which the reduced order model is intended. A previously unknown error bound in the H-infinity norm for reduced order models obtained from internally balanced realizations was obtained. This motivated further development of the balancing technique to include the frequency dependent weightings. This resulted in the frequency weighted balanced realization and a new model reduction technique. Two approaches to designing reduced order controllers were developed. The first involves reducing the order of a high order controller with an appropriate weighting. The second involves linear quadratic Gaussian synthesis based on a reduced order model obtained with an appropriate weighting.
Lysosomes to the rescue: Anterograde axonal lysosome transport and neuronal proteostasis

Niemann-Pick is a lysosomal storage disease caused by loss of the lysosomal cholesterol exporter NPC1 and leads to axon degeneration. Roney et al. report that immature autophagosomes accumulate in axons because cholesterol-laden lysosomes in the soma are not transported to the axon for autophagosome fusion and maturation because they aberrantly sequester non-functioning kinesin-1.
Leaders, Laggards, or Labor: A Defense of “Scooby-Doo Marxism”

As I write this in August 2020, academics across the United States are demanding their right to work from home, to teach online, and to slow their tenure clocks. Many academics are also traveling l...
Signed Magic arrays with certain property

A signed magic array, $SMA(m, n;s,t)$, is an $m \times n$ array with the same number of filled cells $s$ in each row and the same number of filled cells $t$ in each column, filled with a certain set of numbers that is symmetric about the number zero, such that every row and column has a zero sum. We use the notation $SMA(m, n)$ if $m=t$ and $n=s$. In this paper, we prove that for every even number $n\geq 2$ there exists an $SMA(m,n)$ such that the entries $\pm x$ appear in the same row for every $x\in\{1, 2, 3,\ldots, mn/2\}$ if and only if $m\equiv 0, 3(\mod4)$ and $n=2$ or $m\geq 3$ and $n\geq 4$.
'A strange mixture of Guevara and Togliatti': José María Aricó and the Pasado y Presente group in Argentina

This article analyses the intellectual and political trajectory of the Pasado y Presente group in Argentina, focusing on its main representative, Jose Maria Arico (1931–91). Although usually described as ‘the Argentine Gramscians’, the ‘Gramscianism’ of the Pasado y Presente group was actually little more than a theoretical cover for its erratic political behaviour, which led them from Stalinism to Guevarism, from Guevarism to Maoism, from Maoism to Montoneros’s branch of Peronism, and from Peronism to Alfonsin’s Radicalism. Politically, their weakest point was that they distanced themselves from Stalinism empirically, because of the popularity of foquism, without undertaking a thorough critique of Stalinism. This made them vulnerable to the subsequent crisis of Stalinism, which they identified with a ‘crisis of Marxism’ sans phrase. What made them historically significant was that they articulated the radicalisation of a whole social layer in Latin America under the impact of the Cuban Revolution, as well as its subsequent deradicalisation and adaptation to bourgeois parliamentary democracy. The article closes with an analysis of Arico’s intellectual legacy, particularly his well-known book Marx y America Latina (1980).
Electromagnetic field test structure chip for back end of the line metrology

A test chip to produce known and controllable gradients of surface potential and magnetic field at the chip surface and suitable for imaging with various types of scanning probe microscopes is presented. The purpose of the test chip is to evaluate various SPMs as metrology tools to image electro-magnetic fields within nanoelectronic devices and multi-level interconnects, and as metrology tools to detect defects in back end of line (BEOL) metallization and packaging processes. Four different levels of metal are used to create different buried structures that, when biased, will produce varying electric field and magnetic field distributions. Contacts to the chip are made via wire bonds to a printed circuit board (PCB) that allows programed external biases and ground to be applied to specific metal levels while imaging with a SPM. DC and high frequency COMSOL simulations of the test structures were conducted to determine the expected field distributions. Electric field can be imaged via scanning Kelvin force microscopy (SKFM); magnetic field via scanning magnetic force microscopy (MFM); and the capacitance of buried metal lines via scanning microwave microscopy (SMM). The combination of precisely known structures and accurate simulations will allow the spatial resolution and accuracy of various SPMs sensitive to electric field (potential) or magnetic field to be determined and improved.
Aggregation of deoxyribonucleic acid and the helping effect in transformation.

Abstract Deoxyribonucleic acid aggregates in the presence of a component of Neopeptone at low ionic strength and thereby loses its ability to bind to competent bacteria. The reversible and concentration-dependent nature of this aggregation is the basis of the helping effect in transformation.
Privacy Legal Issues in the Public Sector

This article appears as a Chapter in a book on Workplace Privacy and was part of New York University 58th Annual Conference on Labor in 2005. This article was updated in December 2009. The article focuses on privacy issues in the public sector. It explains that the right of privacy involves boundary lines, how notions of privacy have changed over time-particularly after September 11th, focuses on the constitutional right of privacy, workplace searches and surveillance, Electronic Communications Privacy Act, surveillance and labor relations issues, Sunshine laws and public employee statutory rights, the right to union representation at investigatory interviews, gay marriages and concludes that many of the boundary lines concerning the right of privacy in the public as well as the private sector can be negotiated by employers and unions.
Development of Resistance During Antimicrobial Therapy: A Review of Antibiotic Classes and Patient Characteristics in 173 Studies

The incidence of emergent resistance and clinical factors affecting its development were evaluated by retrospective review of 173 studies encompassing over 14,000 patients. Eight antibiotic classes and 225 individual treatment regimens were evaluated. Emergent resistance occurred among 4.0% of all organisms and 5.6% of all infections treated. It appeared to be significantly more frequent with penicillin and aminoglycoside monotherapy, with significantly lower rates associated with imipenem-cilastatin, aztreonam, and combination therapy. Clinical failure also appeared to be significantly more likely to occur after emergence of resistance among organisms treated with fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides. Infections associated with higher resistance rates were cystic fibrosis, osteomyelitis, and lower respiratory tract infections. Resistance was most common in patients in intensive care units or receiving mechanical ventilation. It was also significantly frequent among studies performed in university or teaching hospitals. Organisms associated with high resistance rates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia, Enterobacter, and Acinetobacter sp. Factors such as infection type, underlying diseases, type of institution, and specific pathogens warrant consideration when examining emergent resistance.
Immediate Versus Delayed Radical Prostatectomy: Updated Outcomes Following Active Surveillance of Prostate Cancer

Abstract Background Biopsy progression on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) often reflects failure of the initial biopsy to detect cancer present at enrollment. The risks for delayed treatment among men who progress on AS are not well defined. Objective To report outcomes for men who underwent surgery after AS compared to men who underwent immediate surgery and the influence of selection bias on this outcome. Design, setting, and participants AS-eligible (ASE) men who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) after a median of 20 mo of AS were compared to ASE men who underwent RP within 6 mo of diagnosis. A subset of men on AS who underwent RP after upgrade to Gleason 3+4 was compared to matched controls with similar pretreatment biopsy features who underwent immediate RP. Outcome measurement and statistical analysis Rates of adverse pathology (upstaging, positive surgical margin, or Gleason upgrading) were examined. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between treatment subgroup and adverse pathology. Results and limitations Of 157 ASE men who underwent delayed RP after AS, 54 were upgraded to Gleason 3+4 before surgery. ASE men who underwent immediate RP had lower probability of adverse pathology than ASE men who underwent delayed RP (hazard ratio [HR] 0.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21–0.55). The rate of adverse pathology did not differ between immediate and delayed RP patients matched for pretreatment characteristics (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.27–2.28). The observational design of this study is its main limitation. Conclusions When compared to men with similar pretreatment biopsy features, those who underwent delayed RP were not at higher risk of adverse pathology. Patient summary The oncologic safety of delayed treatment when indicated for men enrolled in active surveillance for prostate cancer is important. We found that men who underwent delayed surgery had similar outcomes to men who underwent immediate prostatectomy.
CORRECTION OF AN ENDODONTIC ROOT PERFORATION. REPORT OF A CASE.

Abstract Corrective treatment in a case of endodontic labial perforation is described. The use of zinc-free amalgam for closure of the defect, combined with a conventional procedure for immediate filling of the root canal, provides a highly successful and easily mastered technique for correction of such lesions. Past experience has shown that normal function can be restored to a presumably hopelessly involved tooth.
Design of the individual Marx modules for the Atlas machine 36 megajoule, 25 megampere capacitor bank

This paper presents the preliminary electrical and mechanical design of the Atlas pulsed power machine's 1.8 megajoule, 600 kV Marx generator modules. The modules are implemented with plastic cased capacitors similar to those developed for the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) ACE II and ACE IV machines. The double-ended electrode capacitor style has been dubbed "FASTCAP". Electrodes are provided for mounting railgaps on one side and flat plate transmission line damping resistors on the other. This provides for an extremely low circuit inductance. A series array of ten capacitors, each rated at 60 kV, 33.5 /spl mu/F, and 60 kJ, with their five triggered railgaps, form a Marx generator submodule. Three Marx submodules are nested into a large G-10 fiberglass rack to form a complete Marx module. The module support rack has individual capacitor shelves that ease assembly and replacement. The Marx generator's design also facilitates construction, testing and verification of a modules performance prior to installation. Modules will be repaired or maintained in a separate test bay without affecting machine operation schedules. Railgap maintenance will become part of a regularly-scheduled preventative maintenance program as spare modules are installed and removed from the machine.
Influence of SrTiO3 bicrystal microstructural defects on YBa2Cu3O7 grain-boundary Josephson junctions

Using near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), we observe an inhomogeneous distribution of submicron-sized structural defects at the fusion boundary of polished SrTiO3 bicrystal substrates. Both NSOM and scanning force microscopy show that these substrate defects cause the grain boundary of a YBa2Cu3O7 thin film grown on the bicrystal to wander up to a micron in the film. These structural defects are shown to correlate qualitatively with the electrical characteristics of grain-boundary Josephson junctions patterned on the YBa2Cu3O7 film.
Why school health education? An empirical point of view.

(1985). Why School Health Education? An Empirical Point of View. Health Education: Vol. 16, AAHPERD-AAHE Centennial 1885-1985, pp. 116-120.
Processing Updated Imagery for Use in Dismounted Mission Planning on NETT Warrior

Small unit leaders need real time images to aid in planning missions and making decisions. Currently, this ability partially exists through the use of short range Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) like Raven and Shadow, which provide unprocessed imagery. There is a limited capability to gather imagery for a large area, process it into a useable format, and deliver the product to the small unit leader. Android-based platforms like Nett Warrior currently use older, primarily satellite, imagery to depict the battle space. We are creating a process that takes up to date satellite and UAV imagery in a format that is available as an offline map and use the Nett Warrior platform to deliver this imagery to small unit leaders. This enhanced imagery will allow leaders to plan missions in a more effective manner due to the updated imagery and the benefits mobile maps provide.
The influence of cell library characteristics on power consumption of CMOS circuits

The design and the implementation of low power digital devices has become of extreme importance; therefore, the problem of reducing the power dissipated by CMOS circuits has been addressed on several fronts. Current research has focused on architectural and technological transformations, re-implementation of logic synthesis procedures, and modification of technology mapping algorithms to produce low power circuits; although the results obtained so far are very encouraging, there is one aspect of the overall synthesis process which has not been faced with enough care: the design of cell libraries to be used for the realization of the synthesized design. The authors present a discussion and some experimental data concerning the impact that cell library characteristics may have on the power consumption of CMOS devices. >
A Tetrafluorophenyl Activated Ester Self-Assembled Monolayer for the Immobilization of Amine-Modified Oligonucleotides

A tetrafluorophenyl (TFP) ester-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) for the fabrication of DNA arrays on gold surfaces is described. Activated ester SAMs are desirable for biomolecule array fabrication because they readily react with amine-containing molecules to form a stable amide linkage. N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester SAMs are commonly used for this purpose but are subject to a competing hydrolysis side reaction, limiting their effectiveness under basic conditions. TFP was evaluated here as an alternative activated ester leaving group with a potentially greater stability under basic conditions. It is shown that TFP SAMs are much more stable to basic pH than their NHS analogs and are also more hydrophobic, which is an advantage in the fabrication of high-density spotted arrays. DNA arrays prepared on TFP SAMs at pH 10 have a 5-fold greater surface density of DNA molecules, reduced fluorescence background, and smaller spot radii than those prepared on NHS SAM analogs.
Growth and Structure of Surface-Initiated Poly(n-alkylnorbornene) Films

We report the surface-initiated growth of poly(alkylnorbornene) films via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The films are grown by exposure of a vinyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on gold to Grubbs first-generation catalyst and the subsequent exposure to an alkylnorbornene monomer. We investigate the influence of alkyl side chains on the structure, barrier, surface properties, and the growth kinetics of surface-initiated ROMP-type poly(norbornene) films. Rate constants for film growth are estimated for the comparison of monomer reactivity. The rate constant for film growth decreases by 3 orders of magnitude from norbornene to decylnorbornene, indicating a strong effect of chain length on initiation and/or propagation rates. Reflectance−absorption infrared spectroscopy is used to show the molecular level packing within the poly(alkylnorbornene) films is disrupted by the alkyl side chains. Tapping-mode atomic force microscopy is used to show that norbornene, butylnorbornene, and he...
A finite subelement generalization of the variationalnodal method

The variational nodal method is generalized by dividing each spatial node into a number oftriangular finite elements designated as subelements. The finite subelement trial functions allow for explicit geometry representations within each node, thus eliminating the need for nodal homogenization. The method is implemented within the Argonne National Laboratory code VARIANT and applied to two-dimensional multigroup problems. Eigenvalue and pin-power results are presented for a four-assembly DECD/NEA benchmark problem containing enriched UO2 and MOX fuel pins. Our seven-group model combines spherical or simplified spherical harmonic approximations in angle with isoparametric linear or quadratic subelement basis functions, thus eliminating the need for fuel-coolant homogenization. Comparisons with reference seven-group Monte Carlo solutions indicate that in the absence of pin-cell homogenization, high-order angular approximations are required to obtain accurate eigenvalues, while the results are substantially less sensitive to the refinement of the finite subelement grids.
Reactive ion etching of fluorine containing photoresist

Photoresist are commonly used in semiconductor processing as soft masks for pattern transfer into multilayer stacks using reactive ion etching. The etch performance of the photoresist during such a process is an important consideration during resist selection. Since resist composition strongly influences it's etch performance, understanding the correlation is important for resist development as well as etch optimization. In this paper, blanket etch rate of photoresist used in ArF lithography were examined as a function of polymer structure and atomic content. In particular, the impact of Fluorine content on blanket etch rate was studied. Etch results for a diverse sample of development and commercial resists were first fitted with the Ohnishi parameter [2] and ring parameter [3] models. The Ohnishi model correlates the carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atomic content of the resist to blanket etch rate whereas the ring parameter model is based on the cyclic carbon content. Since some of the evaluated resists contained fluorine which significantly influences the etch performance, both models were found to be inadequate in assessing its impact. Thus we introduce a modified Ohnishi parameter model to help examine the relative contributions due to resist fluorine content. With the new empirical model, good fits were obtained for etch rates of a fluorine containing resists. The model also enabled analysis of the etch process to determine the relative influence of oxygen versus fluorine content in the resist on etch rate. Finally, the model was utilized to design newer etch resistant materials and the improved etch performance was verified.