cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A possible relationship between interannual variability in Antarctic ozone and the quasi-biennial oscillation

Extra-tropical temperatures, geopotential heights, and total ozone abundances are known to vary with the tropical Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), although the details of the causal mechanisms linking the two regions are still a subject of debate. It is shown that total ozone amounts observed in Antarctica during 1979-1986 exhibit year-to-year fluctuations that may be due to the influence of the QBO, with relatively low (high) values occurring during the westerly (easterly) phase. This suggests that the QBO should be taken into account when evaluating the amplitude and continuation of the long-term trend in Antarctic total ozone. In particular, if the tropical QBO is in its westerly phase during October, 1987, an increase in total ozone at that time may be inconsistent with the continuation of the secular decrease observed since the 1970’s.
Test strategy cost model innovations

The selection of an adequate set of test and inspection techniques to verify the quality and functionality of a product, as well as, the integrity of the manufacturing process can be a complex task. This selection process normally require a detailed technical assessment on the effectiveness of each test technique, trade-off analysis among alternate test techniques/platforms and an economic evaluation of the various options available. In industry today, there are many methodologies utilized to derive the return-on-investment (ROI) analysis of a particular manufacturing test strategy. The test strategy cost model of the National Electronics Manufacturing Initiative, Inc. (NEMI) completed, in April 2003, has been enhanced based on the feedback received from users of the model and on experiences of the authors when applying this model to analyze current product test strategies.
Peer-to-peer technology in collaborative learning networks: applications and research issues

As organisations struggle with how to develop and use individual expertise, the importance of Collaborative Learning (CL) has grown in both academic and practitioner communities. Although organisations have a large amount of individual expertise, their ability to aggregate and share it has largely eluded them. A review of educational literature points out that academic organisations' learning strategies are shifting towards a more active and group-oriented learning, referred to as cooperative or collaborative learning. Educational and business organisations are currently searching for best practices and technologies for implementing CL. This paper explores how Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing fits in the collaborative learning paradigm. P2P has great appeal for CL because it allows people to work and learn in a more natural fashion. The paper explores the existing collaborative P2P applications, identifying those most relevant to CL. The paper also compares P2P tools with client/server tools for CL within various organisational learning networks. The paper identifies key research issues concerning the use of P2P applications for CL.
MIMO techniques for high data rate radio communications

MIMO wireless transceivers employ multiple antennas and advanced digital signal processing to achieve higher data rates and superior link reliability compared to their single-antenna counterparts. After a simplified overview of general MIMO theory, this paper presents a 2times2 MIMO 5 GHz WLAN transceiver implemented in 90 nm CMOS. Crosstalk between the different MIMO channels is shown to have a detrimental effect on MIMO performance. Such crosstalk can occur at the radio channel, between the antennas, and at the radio IC. Several architectural and circuit techniques are described that minimize crosstalk between the multiple radio chains co-existing on the same silicon die. Measurements results demonstrate the increased data rate of the fabricated system compared with a conventional single-antenna system. The paper concludes with some interesting scenarios for future MIMO evolution, including collaborative, directional and 60 GHz phased-array communications.
Minimizing data center SLA violations and power consumption via hybrid resource provisioning

This paper presents a novel approach to correctly allocate resources in data centers, such that SLA violations and energy consumption are minimized. Our approach first analyzes historical workload traces to identify long-term patterns that establish a “base” workload. It then employs two techniques to dynamically allocate capacity: predictive provisioning handles the estimated base workload at coarse time scales (e.g., hours or days) and reactive provisioning handles any excess workload at finer time scales (e.g., minutes). The combination of predictive and reactive provisioning achieves a significant improvement in meeting SLAs, conserving energy, and reducing provisioning costs. We implement and evaluate our approach using traces from four production systems. The results show that our approach can provide up to 35% savings in power consumption and reduce SLA violations by as much as 21% compared to existing techniques, while avoiding frequent power cycling of servers.
Optimal wavelet thresholding for various coding schemes

We propose a nonlinear, universal method based on wavelet thresholding to efficiently improve the performance of various coding schemes. Coarse quantization of the transform coefficients often results in some undesirable artifacts, such as ringing effect, contouring effect and blocking effect, especially at very low bit rate. We perform the wavelet-domain thresholding on the decompressed image to attenuate the quantization noise effect while maintaining the relatively sharp features (e.g. edges) of the original image. Both the objective quality and the subjective quality of the reconstructed image are significantly improved with the reduction of coding artifacts. Experimental results show that de-noising using the undecimated discrete wavelet transform (DWT) achieves better performance than using the orthonormal DWT, with an acceptable computational complexity (O(MN log/sub 2/ (MN)) for an image of size M/spl times/N).
Accelerating parabolic beams

We demonstrate the existence of accelerating parabolic beams that constitute, together with the Airy beams, the only orthogonal and complete families of solutions of the two-dimensional paraxial wave equation that exhibit the unusual ability to remain diffraction-free and freely accelerate during propagation. Since the accelerating parabolic beams, like the Airy beams, carry infinite energy, we present exact finite-energy accelerating parabolic beams that still retain their unusual features over several diffraction lengths.
Cartilage tumors: evaluation and treatment.

The proper treatment of cartilaginous tumors is dependent on the clinicopathologic and radiologic findings. Enchondroma is a benign tumor that is usually asymptomatic and thus should be treated nonoperatively. Symptomatic enchondromas are often treated by intralesional excision. Intramedullary lowgrade chondrosarcoma is a malignant tumor that is usually painful. The treatment of low-grade chondrosarcoma may range from intralesional excision with or without adjuvant therapy to wide excision. Although intralesional excisions have a higher bone and joint preservation rate than wide excisions, they may be associated with a higher local recurrence rate. Intermediate- and high-grade chondrosarcomas are treated with wide excisions. The treatment of these cartilaginous lesions should involve a multidisciplinary team including a musculoskeletal surgeon, a radiologist, and a pathologist. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2000;8:292-304
Eating Disorders Summary of Risk Factors, Prevention Programming, and Prevention Research

More than 2 million female Americans have a clinically relevant eating disorder. Although the prevalence and seriousness of this problem has gained increasing attention in recent years, relatively little is known about eating disorder prevention. This article addresses a number of issues related to prevention efforts applied to eating disorders. An overview of putative risk factors that have been identified is presented. In particular, the article emphasizes the importance of understanding the psychological and physical developmental processes during adolescence and the sociocultural context in which eating disorders develop. A summary of empirical investigations of the efficacy of eating disorder prevention programs follows, including an illustration of one of the more promising strategies that has been reported to date. The role of counseling psychologists in further refining eating disorder prevention efforts is discussed.
Cost analysis of vestibular schwannoma screening with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with asymmetrical hearing loss

Background:Vestibular schwannomas are a rare cause of asymmetrical hearing loss, and routine screening with magnetic resonance imaging can be costly. This paper reports results on vestibular schwannoma screening at our institution and compares the cost of screening to a utility of hearing benefit.Method:All screening examinations with magnetic resonance imaging performed for asymmetrical hearing loss between 2006 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The cost per new vestibular schwannoma diagnosis was calculated. The cost per patient for those who benefitted from intervention was estimated based on rates of hearing preservation reported in the literature.Results:Forty-five (4.3 per cent) of 1050 screening examinations with magnetic resonance imaging performed for asymmetrical hearing loss were positive for vestibular schwannoma, and the cost per new diagnosis was $44 888.Conclusion:Although we achieved a lower screening cost per new diagnosis than reported in the current literature, there remains disparity between the screening cost per benefitted patient and the ‘benefit’ of hearing.
The Contributions of Physical Education to Total Education

(1949). The Contributions of Physical Education to Total Education. Journal of the American Association for Health, Physical Education, and Recreation: Vol. 20, No. 10, pp. 635-688.
Oxidation of Si1-xGex Alloys at Elevated Pressure

Thermal passivation of Si 1−x Ge x (x=10 at.%) using dry high pressure (>700 atm) and hydrothermal (>500 atm) oxidation (HPO) was studied. Alloys of Si 1−x Ge x approximately 200 nm thick were oxidized using three processes: (i) dry oxygen at 700 atm and at a temperature of 550°C, (ii) hydrothermal at 510 atm and 550°C, and (iii) conventional 1 atm at 800°C. Auger sputter depth profiling (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman Spectroscopy were used to characterize the oxides. AES and Raman studies reveal that both dry high pressure and hydrothermal oxidizing conditions produce compositionally congruent oxides from Si 90 Ge 10 , multicomponent alloys. XPS studies were used to establish that the Ge in these oxides is chemically incorporated. Thermodynamic and kinetic considerations of the Si-Ge-O system are discussed for both HPO and conventional oxidation. The metastable nature of the HPO oxides is confirmed by examining the microstructure of annealed oxides.
Can You Digit? Digital Sociology’s Vocational Promise

The proliferation of digital technologies and augmented social relations offer great potential for the vocation of sociology. Although the greatest interest in the digital turn has centered on sources of data, digitality also provides many excellent methodological benefits as well as new and evolving subjects of analysis. This paper seeks to make the case for a more digitally-attuned sociology, and to forge a path in that direction. To accomplish this task, I begin with a brief history of digital sociology — in the U.S. and beyond — as well as a survey of other, related approaches that have gained greater traction in the field. Next, I examine the state of social life in the digitally networked era and make the case for sociology’s need to update its epistemological orientation to put an end to fetishisms of technology and the "real world." Finally, I outline an agenda for the future of digital sociology along with some suggestions for how it might be accomplished.
Photoluminescence Properties of δ-Doped ZnS:Mn Grown by Metal-Organic Molecular Beam Epitaxy

A detailed study is reported of the optical properties of homogeneously and 5-doped ZnS:Mn thin films grown by metal-organic molecular beam epitaxy. Fine structure in the Mn luminescence was observed at low Mn concentrations. The energy of the zero-phonon 4T1 → 6A1 transition of the Mn ion was determined to be 2.215eV, and the phonon energies associated with the transition to be 10meV and 37meV for the TA and TO phonons, respectively. It was found that the PL intensity depended on the Mn concentration and the δ-doped ZnS:Mn showed much brighter luminescence than the homogeneously doped samples with comparable Mn concentrations. For homogeneously doped ZnS:Mn with low Mn concentrations, the temperature dependence of the linewidth and the peak position was well described by the configuration coordinate model. For δ-doped ZnS:Mn, the antiferromagnetic interaction between Mn ions was invoked to explain the low temperature behavior. The luminescence lifetime measurements suggested that the δ-doping technique resulted in better incorporation of Mn ions in the ZnS host and less defect formation.
OBSERVATION ON DYNAMIC DISINFECTION EFFICACY OF INDOOR AIR

Objective To observe dynamic indoor air disinfection efficacy of circulating type of air disinfector in medical institutions.Methods Natural sedimentation sampling and bacterial detection methods were used to detect dynamic disinfection effect of air cycle disinfectors in some medical institutions in Tianjin.Results In the room unattended operation,the total number of natural bacteria in indoor air are less than 200 cfu/m3 after startup cycle air disinfector for 30min.With staff in the indoor case,after start cycle air disinfector for 30 min,63.64% of the total number of bacteria found in indoor pass the requirements of Class Ⅱ air environmental,58.62% meets the class Ⅲ environmental requirements.Conclusion Under the ultraviolet air disinfector used in the dynamic wind conditions,only about 50% cases could meet the air quality standards.
Surveillance and analysis of whole death causes of Ganzhou Zhanggong District from 2008-2010 years

Objective:To grasp the causes of death and the cis-position of Zhanggong District residents,Ganzhou City,and analyze life loss situation,provide a scientific basis for the government to develop effective strategies for disease control and prevention.Methods:Collect the causes of death material of residents from 2008~2010 through the causes of death monitor system,use the mortality rate,constituent ratio,potential years of life lost(PYLL),average life expectancy to analysis.Result:The average mortality rate of residents is 634.85/100 000 of Zhanggong District from 2008~2010,the standardized mortality rate is 448.22/100 000.The first 5 causes of death are tumor,cerebrovascular disease,respiratory disease,heart disease,damage and poison,accounting for 84.79% of all causes of death;the largest loss of potential life of residents is tumor,amounts to every thousand human of 13.52 years;the damage and poison creates the average to reduce the long-lived year number to be highest,amounts to 30.97 years.Conclusion:Tumors,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory diseases,heart disease and other chronic non-infectious diseases are major diseases to affect the health of the population.The injury and poison are more serious causes to population life expectancy loss,it is one of the main causes of earlier death of residents.Disease control and prevention should be strengthened,mainly the chronic non-communicable disease,the injuries and poison prevention.
Evaluation of a Dip-Slide in a University Outpatient Service

Initial and followup urine specimens from patients in an outpatient service of a university hospital with the diagnosis of presumptive urinary tract infection were processed by the dip-slide system and the conventional calibrated loop procedure. Evaluation of the dip-slide system included not only microbiological comparison but also the feasibility of the adaptation of this system to a clinic working area. Complete microbiological agreement between the 2 methods was approximately 50 per cent. Disagreement was caused largely by improper inoculation, quantitation and interpretation of the dip-slide. It has been our experience that the dip-slide cannot be used effectively as a screening tool in a population with a high incidence of urinary tract infection. The use of laboratory personnel along with proper specimen collecting instructions increased the reliability of the dip-slide system. Our data suggest that the results obtained should be evaluated carefully along with the clinical impression in complicated cases of urinary tract infections.
The Near-Field and Far-Field Properties of the Cylindrical Modal Expansions with Application in the Image Theorem

Theoretically, we have derived the closed form expressions for modal expansion coefficients of cylindrical harmonics (TE/TM) on arbitrary surfaces with two equivalent methods: the near-field Green's function method and the Near-Field Far-Field (NF-FF) transform method. For narrow-band fields, expressions of TE/TM modal expansion coefficients can be separated into the back-scattered wave and the forward-propagating wave in the context of the image theorem approximation. Also, we give a theoretical criterion for the validity of the image theorem. Numerical confirmations are shown. The theory has many applications including mirror and launcher designs for high-power gyrotrons.
Definitions, Attributes of Visibility, and General Principles

Microscopy is the interpretive use of microscopes.(1,1a,2) No matter what kind of microscope, employing whatever medium, in whatever manner, with whatever kind of specimen, microscopy also requires a primary observer to interpret the image. Accordingly, microscopy can be interpreted as science,(2a) art,(3,3a) or a game—what is it?
Yield spreads, currency movements, and recession predictability for southern border economies in the United States

ABSTRACTPrior research establishes that the spread between long- and short-term bond yields often provides valuable information for predicting business cycle downturns. This study examines the predictive capacity of the yield spread for the United States metropolitan economies situated along the border with Mexico. Because of the location of these urban economies and various economic ties linking them with twin cities across the border, the Mexico yield spread, and the real dollar/peso exchange rate are also employed as potential recession predictors. Results suggest that a flattening of the yield curve for either country tends to increase the probability of recessions in border economies. Furthermore, declines in the real value of the peso, which are typically associated with greater cross-border manufacturing activity, are found to reduce recession likelihoods in the metropolitan economies examined on the north side of the international boundary.
Biopharma deal-making in 2016

This article analyses merger and acquisition (M&A) activity and partnerships in the biopharma industry in 2016, highlighting trends and major deals.
Harnessing Digital Workflows for Conserving Historic Places

Recording the physical characteristics of historic structures and landscapes is a cornerstone of preventive maintenance, monitoring and conservation. The information produced by such work assists the decision-making process for property owners, site managers, public officials, and conservators. Rigorous documentation may also serve a broader purpose: over time, it becomes the primary means by which scholars and the public apprehend a site that has since changed radically or disappeared. These records also serve as posterity and monitoring records in the event of catastrophic or gradual loss of the heritage resource.
Aerosol Drug Delivery Through High Flow Nasal Cannula.

Background High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is widely utilized to support critically ill adults, pediatrics and neonates. Through the continuous delivery of oxygen at high flow rates that meet or exceed patients' inspiratory flow, HFNC improves oxygenation, respiratory rates, patient comfort, and tolerance during therapy. As HFNC becomes more widely employed, clinicians have started to consider aerosol drug delivery through HFNC. Conclusion Using HFNC along with nebulizers as a potential therapy in aerosol medicine is a new and innovative approach for aerosol drug delivery to patients with pulmonary diseases. The purpose of this paper is to review current in vitro and in vivo studies on aerosol drug delivery through HFNC in adults and children.
How Customer Interaction and Experimentation Advance New Venture Concepts in a Cleantech Accelerat

Entrepreneurs often conduct experiments and interactions with potential customers to advance early concepts for a business venture to improve its likelihood of commercial success. Both approaches f...
Sexual dimorphism of cardiometabolic dysfunction: Gut microbiome in the play?

Abstract Background Sex is one of the most powerful modifiers of disease development. Clear sexual dimorphism exists in cardiometabolic health susceptibility, likely due to differences in sex steroid hormones. Changes in the gut microbiome have been linked with the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis; however, the impact of microbes in sex-biased cardiometabolic disorders remains unclear. The gut microbiome is critical for maintaining a normal estrous cycle, testosterone levels, and reproductive function. Gut microbes modulate the enterohepatic recirculation of estrogens and androgens, affecting local and systemic levels of sex steroid hormones. Gut bacteria can also generate androgens from glucocorticoids. Scope of review This review summarizes current knowledge of the complex interplay between sexual dimorphism in cardiometabolic disease and the gut microbiome. Major conclusions Emerging evidence suggests the role of gut microbiome as a modifier of disease susceptibility due to sex; however, the impact on cardiometabolic disease in this complex interplay is lacking. Elucidating the role of gut microbiome on sex-biased susceptibility in cardiometabolic disease is of high relevance to public health given its high prevalence and significant financial burden.
PIND: High spatial resolution by pinhole neutron diffraction

A pinhole neutron diffraction (PIND) technique was developed to enable improving the spatial resolution down to 250 μm. Instead of the conventional engineering diffraction method which integrates all the diffraction signals on the detector plane, the PIND setup utilizes the diffraction pattern of each pixel on 2D detectors. The proposed PIND arrangement enables improving the spatial resolution of time-of-flight instruments and allows solving problems involving steep gradients of strain or texture. The phase content and preferential orientation of grains inside samples can be spatially resolved in 2D/3D. Further, PIND retains the capability of in-situ non-destructive neutron diffraction mapping of lattice strain and grain orientation under external stimuli such as temperature and force.A pinhole neutron diffraction (PIND) technique was developed to enable improving the spatial resolution down to 250 μm. Instead of the conventional engineering diffraction method which integrates all the diffraction signals on the detector plane, the PIND setup utilizes the diffraction pattern of each pixel on 2D detectors. The proposed PIND arrangement enables improving the spatial resolution of time-of-flight instruments and allows solving problems involving steep gradients of strain or texture. The phase content and preferential orientation of grains inside samples can be spatially resolved in 2D/3D. Further, PIND retains the capability of in-situ non-destructive neutron diffraction mapping of lattice strain and grain orientation under external stimuli such as temperature and force.
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Examining Postdisaster School Recovery

This perspectives article uses a postdisaster school recovery research domain to examine two tenets of interdisciplinary research (IDR): integrative problem formulation and synthesis. Advancing interdisciplinary knowledge requires a "roadmap" of commonalities between disciplinary domains and outcomes of interest. Four school recovery domains-child trauma, educational learning outcomes, school safety, and household and community recovery-are presented to highlight common frameworks for IDR. A case study is also used to illustrate the value of interdisciplinary research and mixed-methods approaches, including statistics, geospatial analysis, and spatial statistics, for answering questions regarding how school contexts and location influence school recovery patterns.
A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Medication Management in an Acute Care for Elders Program Through Integration of a Clinical Pharmacist.

Purpose:To describe the implementation and impact of integrating a clinical pharmacist into interdisciplinary Acute Care for Elderly (ACE) rounds at a teaching hospital.Methods:Pre- and postanalyse...
What’s in a name? A problem of terminology

presented next. Incorrect answers take the student to items containing information designed to correct the error before continuing through the sequence. 6. An important feature of almost all self-instructional materials is the record of the student's responses which provides a basis for revising the program. The prospective purchaser should ask about the extent to which revision has been based on student response and how the preliminary tryout was conducted. 7. The effectiveness of a self-instructional program can be assessed by finding out what students actually learn and remember from the program. The prospective purchaser should find out whether such data are available and for what kinds of students and under what conditions the data were obtained. 8. Active experimentation with selfinstructional materials and devices in school systems is to be encouraged prior to large scale adoption.
Stimmung, Sound, and Space in Robert Musil's "Die Versuchung der stillen Veronika"

This essay offers a reading of Robert Musil’s 1911 story “Die Versuchung der stillen Veronika” through the concept of Stimmung. In his diaries, Musil presents Stimmung as a central aspect of aesthe...
A Review of Sleep-Related Violence: The Demographics of Sleep Forensics Referrals to a Single Center

This review of sleep-related violence reports the nature of the underlying sleep-suspected conditions enountered and helps establish the spectrum of sleep-related behaviors resulting in forensic consequences. This information may begin to bridge the gap between the differing medical and legal concepts of automatisms (complex motor behaviors occurring in the absence of conscious awareness and therefore without culpability). Sleep medicine professionals are increasingly asked by legal professionals whether a sleep-related condition could have played a role in a forensic-related event. Inasmuch as sleep medicine is a relatively young field, there is scant information to address these questions. The three most prevalent criminal allegations of the 351 consecutive possible sleep forensic-related referrals to a single sleep medicine center over the past 11 years were sexual assault, homicide/manslaughter or attempted murder, and driving under the influence. The overwhelming possible sleep disorder implicated was sexsomnia, accounting for 41%, or 145 out of 351 cases. Of the 351 referrals, 111 were accepted following thorough case review. In general, cases not accepted were declined on the basis of little or no merit or contamination by alcohol intoxication. Of those cases accepted, the proposed initial claim that a sleep phenomenon was operant was supported in approximately 50%, which were mostly non-rapid eye movement disorders of arousal. No cases were felt to be due to rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.
The transaxillary approach for treatment of thoracic outlet syndromes

The diagnosis and management of thoracic outlet syndromes is based on the surgical management of more than 3,000 patients, 800 of which have had recurrent thoracic outlet syndromes. Accurate diagnosis for peripheral nerve compression is based on measurement of the ulnar and median nerve conduction velocities across the thoracic outlet. For sympathetic maintained pain syndrome or causalgia, a stellate ganglion block is helpful. Arteriography and venography are critical to show vascular compression. Conservative management is successful in most cases (70%) initially. For arterial reconstruction, the supraclavicular-infraclavicular approach is recommended. For the Paget-Schroetter syndrome (effort thrombosis of the axillary subclavian vein), prompt thrombolysis followed by transaxillary first rib resection is mandatory. No long-term anticoagulants are necessary. For hyperhidrosis, causalgia, sympathetic maintained pain syndrome or reflex sympathetic dystrophy, transaxillary dorsal sympathectomy with first rib resection or thoracoscopy is the preferred management when conservative therapy fails. For recurrent thoracic outlet syndrome and sympathetic maintained pain syndrome, a high thoracoplasty posterior approach is preferable with neurolysis of the nerve roots and brachial plexus as well as a dorsal sympathectomy. The technique of transaxillary first rib resection with or without dorsal sympathectomy is presented. The use of the thoracoscope expedites the procedure and improves the teaching capability.
Researcher vulnerability: implications for educational research and practice

This paper explores the concept of researcher vulnerability through a review of the extant research literature and each author’s feelings of vulnerability connected to their research with vulnerabl...
CAD-based design and pre-processing tools for additive manufacturing

Abstract This paper discusses a set of geometry based computational pre-processing algorithms developed for Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing (PBFAM) processes. To start with, based on an initial part design, an automatic support structure generation module generates customized CAD-based support structures for a given part build orientation. Various additive manufacturing (AM) parameters and Design for Additive Manufacturing (DFAM) metrics are calculated on the fly for assigning producibility scores at different part build orientations. A set of stand-alone computational geometry-based algorithms with associated graphical user interfaces (GUI) are developed for calculating support structure parameters, as well as for detecting and highlighting DFAM features that are difficult to manufacture. These stand-alone tools provide a quantified output for each of the parameters or features, which are then used downstream during the producibility index (PI) calculation. An algorithm that evaluates ease of removing supports during the post-processing phase, and suggests the optimum number of setups needed to remove support structures is developed. Finally, Producibility Index, which is a weighted optimization metric, brings together the quantified outputs of the DFAM analysis, support structure parameters, accessibility analysis and suggests the best build orientations for the given part geometry. All the algorithms are implemented within the Siemens NX modelling environment utilizing C++ and NX API functions. The developed algorithm and tools have been succesfully demonstrated on two sample parts.
Action Potential Dynamics in Human Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is considered a model disease of trigger and substrate, with atrial electrical remodeling a key substrate factor for perpetuation of AF. Work conducted with human monophasic action potential (MAP) and continuous multipolar recordings has advanced our current understanding of atrial electrical properties and the transitions between physiologic activation of the atria and AF. Electrical heterogeneity seen during AF manifests as rate maladaptation, alternans, and higher-level oscillations in atrial action potential duration and shape. Defining these putative mechanisms for AF have been used to identify novel clinical phenotypes and may be used to guide therapy.
Development of bismuth-mordenite adsorbents for iodine capture from off-gas streams

Abstract The search for efficient, cheap, and robust sorbent materials which can effectively remove iodine compounds from off-gas streams in used nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities is still challenging. Herein, we report the development of bismuth-doped mordenite zeolite with different loadings for removal of iodine-129 (129I) from nuclear waste off-gas streams. Of the materials investigated, bismuth-mordenite with 5 wt% bismuth content (Bi5@Mordenite) exhibited the highest capture capacity with an iodine uptake capacity up to 538 mg/g after exposure to iodine for 6 h at 200 °C, which was ~2.5 times higher than that of the bare mordenite with relatively fast kinetics. Interestingly, the bismuth-doped mordenite sample exhibited higher surface area and porosity than those of the bare zeolite as a result of mordenite dealumination during bismuth incorporation. Moreover, the leach tests were carried out to determine the degree of iodine leaching from the iodine-loaded Bi5@Mordenite upon coming into contact with DI water and the results revealed a maximum iodine amount of 36% that was released from the adsorbent after 24 h exposure, highlighting the necessity of transforming the iodine-loaded adsorbent into a suitable waste form for permanent geological disposal. Overall, the high uptake capacity and fast uptake rate of iodine reveal the potential utility of bismuth-based zeolites as iodine capture materials when consolidated into a waste form for long-term decay storage.
What is a Relational Virtue

In this paper, I introduce what I call relational virtue and defend it as an important subcategory of virtue. In particular, I argue that it offers a valuable resource for answering questions concerning the value of intimate relationships such as parent–child relationship or friendship. After briefly sketching what I mean by relational virtue, I show why it is a virtue and in what sense we can meaningfully distinguish it from other sorts of virtue. I then describe some distinctive features of relational virtue in more detail and discuss their implications. Next, I present filial piety as the paradigmatic example of relational virtue. I argue that a child’s being filial should be understood as an appropriate response to her parent’s being virtuous as a parent. I conclude by showing how my relational virtue theory of filial piety can avoid the difficulties faced by previous theories of filial piety such as gratitude theory and friendship theory.
Connecting Actin Polymer Dynamics Across Multiple Scales

Actin is an intracellular protein that constitutes a primary component of the cellular cytoskeleton and is accordingly crucial for various cell functions. Actin assembles into semi-flexible filaments that cross-link to form higher order structures within the cytoskeleton. In turn, the actin cytoskeleton regulates cell shape, and participates in cell migration and division. A variety of theoretical models have been proposed to investigate actin dynamics across distinct scales, from the stochastic nature of protein and molecular motor dynamics to the deterministic macroscopic behavior of the cytoskeleton. Yet, the relationship between molecular-level actin processes and cellular-level actin network behavior remains understudied, where prior models do not holistically bridge the two scales together.
Power generation from ambient humidity using protein nanowires.

Harvesting energy from the environment offers the promise of clean power for self-sustained systems1,2. Known technologies—such as solar cells, thermoelectric devices and mechanical generators—have specific environmental requirements that restrict where they can be deployed and limit their potential for continuous energy production3–5. The ubiquity of atmospheric moisture offers an alternative. However, existing moisture-based energy-harvesting technologies can produce only intermittent, brief (shorter than 50 seconds) bursts of power in the ambient environment, owing to the lack of a sustained conversion mechanism6–12. Here we show that thin-film devices made from nanometre-scale protein wires harvested from the microbe Geobacter sulfurreducens can generate continuous electric power in the ambient environment. The devices produce a sustained voltage of around 0.5 volts across a 7-micrometre-thick film, with a current density of around 17 microamperes per square centimetre. We find the driving force behind this energy generation to be a self-maintained moisture gradient that forms within the film when the film is exposed to the humidity that is naturally present in air. Connecting several devices linearly scales up the voltage and current to power electronics. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a continuous energy-harvesting strategy that is less restricted by location or environmental conditions than other sustainable approaches. A new type of energy-harvesting device, based on protein nanowires from the microbe Geobacter sulforreducens, can generate a sustained power output by producing a moisture gradient across the nanowire film using natural humidity.
Pygmalion Mirage as an Organizational Metaphor

Leadership has a profound effect on many aspects of our society. Often organizational dysfunction is a reflection on the direction of the organization. In Greek mythology, Pygmalion was a sculptor that became fascinated with his work. He admired his work so much that he fantasized it was a living and breathing masterpiece. An extension of Morgan’s (Images of organization (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2006) metaphors is a “Pygmalion Mirage.” In considering extensions of Morgan’s metaphors of organizational dysfunction, there are some corporate examples and biblical insights to the proposed new metaphor. A Pygmalion Mirage is when the organizational culture, often influenced by the leader, becomes overly confident with their perception of a situation without gaining the full details of the environment and circumstances. The illusion of success as the result of a mismatch between the organization’s design strategy and the environmental conditions for the approach to users can be very detrimental for an organization that has blurred vision. It is important to note that such a mismatch and lack of sight do not occur overnight. Leadership’s escalation of commitment can also contribute to a Pygmalion Mirage. This is when leaders rationalize their decisions and actions even with increased adverse outcomes rather than recalibrate their course (Staw, Knee-deep in the big muddy: A study of escalating commitment to a chosen course of action. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(1), 27–44, 1976).
Effect of Terminology Used to Describe Medical Oncologists on Perceptions of Radiation Oncologists as Equal Partners in Cancer Care.

Purpose Our purpose was to assess the terminology used to describe the different oncologic subspecialties at academic institutions in the United States and determine whether the use of the term "oncologist" to describe a medical oncologist (MO) may affect the multidisciplinary care of patients with cancer. Methods and Materials An electronic survey was sent to chairs and program directors at all 94 academic radiation oncology departments in the United States. Questions assessed the terminology used to describe the oncologic subspecialties in their hospital's electronic medical record system, their views on how that terminology may affect referral patterns, and the perception of radiation oncologists' (ROs) role in patient care. Results Responses were received from 40 institutions (response rate, 42.6%). Fifteen percent of hospital electronic medical record systems used the term "oncology" instead of "medical oncology" (51%) or "hematology/oncology" (28%). Describing MOs simply as "oncologists" was thought to more likely affect patient views of MOs as the primary decision maker in their cancer care (mean Likert-type rating, 3.43) than it would affect the probability of up-front multidisciplinary referrals (mean Likert-type rating, 2.69). Patient perceptions of ROs as equal partners in care were thought to be less associated with the terminology used to describe MOs (mean Likert-type rating, 3.15) than the behavior of ROs in patient care (mean Likert-type rating, 4.65; P < .001), the attitude of MOs toward ROs (mean Likert-type rating, 4.59; P < .001), and the involvement of ROs in the initial new patient visits rather than a downstream referral (mean Likert-type rating, 3.95; P < .001). Conclusions The terminology used to describe MOs was thought to affect patient and provider perceptions of RO, but less so than other patient-provider interaction factors.
Pre-operative patient education does not necessarily reduce length of stay or pain after spinal surgery

Abstract Background Previous research has shown pre-operative education may have a beneficial impact on postoperative recovery for elective surgery including: reduced length of hospital stay, improved post-operative pain management, and improved patient satisfaction. Objective We conducted a retrospective study to elucidate the impact of pre-operative education on Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores, postoperative pain, and length of stay (LOS) following spinal surgery. Methods A retrospective matched case control study was conducted between patients who participated in pre-operative education (n = 113) and those who did not (n = 116). Univariate analysis through a Two-Samples Independent T-Test was conducted for postoperative pain and LOS. Multivariate analysis for LOS was evaluated using Poisson Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) Standard Errors regression while pain multivariate analysis was conducted using a linear GEE regression model. HCAHPS univariate and multivariate analyses were also performed. Results Univariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference with LOS (3.58 days vs. 3.63 days, p = 0.85) and post-operative pain (4.65 vs. 4.59, p = 0.80). Multivariate analysis of HCAHPS metrics revealed patients who attended the preoperative education class reported statistically significant lower “how well your pain was controlled” responses (−36p = 0.024) as well as “staff effort in including the patient in treatment decisions” responses (−37p = 0.046). Conclusions According to our data preoperative education prior to spinal surgery does not necessarily result in improved pain management, shorter length of stay, or higher patient satisfaction. Prospective research may help determine the proper measures that can improve the likelihood of achieving the intended results.
Joint SFC Deployment and Resource Management in Heterogeneous Edge for Latency Minimization

With the advancement of edge computing and network function virtualization, it is promising to provide flexible and low-latency network services at the network edge. However, due to resource limitation and heterogeneity of servers at the edge, it is unlikely to achieve an efficient service function chain deployment without considering the resource management of edge servers jointly. In this article, we consider the Joint Service function chain Deployment and Resource Management problem (JSDRM) in heterogeneous edge environments with the goal of minimizing the total system latency. We prove the NP-hardness of JSDRM and propose a scheme called JOint service function chain deployment and resource management Scheme (JOS) based on a game-theoretic approach to deploy service function chains and manage resources. We prove that JOS has a constant approximation ratio of 2.62 Extensive simulation results show that our scheme performs comparably to the optimal solution and much better than the baselines. The simulation results also show that the proposed scheme is time-efficient.
“The Wall Now Between Us”: Teaching Math to Students with Disabilities During the COVID Spring of 2020

This paper presents a case study of the experiences of a special educator named Ms. Montes (pseudonym) teaching standards-based mathematics during Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) during spring 2020. Ms. Montes was interviewed twice during this period; data were analyzed through inductive thematic analysis. Pre-COVID, Ms. Montes provided her students daily opportunities to tackle challenging mathematical problems and taught self-regulation strategies for students to better understand themselves as learners. After the shift to ERT, Ms. Montes described “the wall between us” as various barriers that made teaching mathematics online far more challenging. Challenges included supporting students with productive struggle when not physically present with them and supporting student self-regulation during mathematical problem-solving. Supporting students with disabilities to learn mathematics during ERT and distance learning will require considering emotional and affective dimensions of learning. Coaching students and families in self-regulation strategies could support student engagement in mathematical problem-solving in online learning.
Blotting and Detecting Glycosaminoglycans

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are non-branched (linear), complex polysaccharides containing a variable number of repeating disaccharide units (hence called heteropolysaccharides). GAG separation and characterization by electrophoresis are an important part of biochemical research. Immunoblotting of GAGs after electrophoresis helps carry out additional analysis on single, separated species, such as identifying with antibodies and/or recovery of a single polysaccharide type. Nicola Volpi and Francesca Maccari developed a technique for the blotting (after regular agarose gel electrophoresis) and immobilizing of several non-sulfated and sulfated GAGs on membranes that have been made hydrophilic and positively charged by cationic detergent. A mixture of GAGs are capillary blotted, following agarose gel electrophoresis, nitrocellulose membranes derivatized with the cationic detergent cetylpyridinium chloride. Distinct purified types of sulfated polysaccharides are transferred to these modified membranes with 100% efficiency and stained with Alcian blue (irreversible staining) and toluidine blue (reversible staining). This permits a higher sensitivity of detection, detecting as low as 0.1 μg. Hyaluronic acid (an example of non-sulfated polyanions) can also be blotted to membranes (detection limit of about 0.1–0.5 μg) after irreversible or reversible staining. The membranes can also be stained with reversible staining and the same membrane used for immunological detection or other applications.