cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Dickens’s Tableaux: Melodrama and Sexual Opacity in David Copperfield and Bleak House

Victoria Wiet, “Dickens’s Tableaux: Melodrama and Sexual Opacity in David Copperfield and Bleak House” (pp. 167–198) This essay examines the features and function of tableaux in two novels by Charles Dickens, David Copperfield (1850) and Bleak House (1853), in order to rethink the influence of melodramatic conventions on the form of narrative fiction, particularly the understanding of female sexuality that melodrama afforded novelists. Taking Dickens as an important example, literary critics have typically associated melodrama with ostentatious legibility, but recent scholarship on the theatrical tableau has illuminated the complex ways the melodramatic stage both produced and occluded revelation. Drawing on this work, I demonstrate that the adaptation of the tableau into the novel form increases the possibility of illegibility because readers necessarily rely on the narrator’s description and interpretation of the material world. In David Copperfield and Bleak House, this remediation has particularly significant consequences for the representation of sexually compromised women. By inadequately revealing the sexual histories of suspected “fallen women,” densely visual but opaque scenes featuring Annie Strong, Martha Endell, and Honoria Dedlock defer judgment on their characters, with Lady Dedlock’s protracted illegibility preventing her plot from culminating in a decisive narrative or moral conclusion. Because the narrators of both novels depict these female characters as deliberately making themselves illegible, the novel tableau becomes an important way for Dickens to dramatize the fallibility of the omniscient and quasi-omniscient narrators of realist fiction.
#BelieveWomen and the Presumption of Innocence: Clarifying the Questions for Law and Life

The presumption of innocence and #BelieveWomen both embody compelling considerations, and we may wonder how to reconcile them. My project does not aim to reconcile the positions, but rather, it is prior to it. My goal in this paper is to better explicate the claims that underlie both #BelieveWomen and the presumption of innocence in law and life, as well as to identify instances in which cross-pollination, between our everyday evaluations and the legal system, is contaminating our thinking. First, I begin with #BelieveWomen and sort through various ways to interpret this demand (though my survey is not exhaustive). I spend additional time on one particular interpretation, an understanding that ties a cry for trust to a non-reductionist position with respect to the justification for believing testimony — that is, the idea that we have reason to believe someone, and are justified in so doing, just on her say-so. Although it is not my contention that this view is superior to other understandings, I believe it has received less attention in the literature and thus warrants additional examination. Next, I demonstrate how complicated our calculations are in life. Then, I turn to law. Here, I show how the various interpretations of #BelieveWomen raise distinct legal questions, but also note that flat footed understandings of this demand have created confusions. I suggest the law may meet the demands of #BelieveWomen through a corrective of the kind proposed by Miranda Fricker, evidentiary instructions, and (potentially by) alterations of the burden of proof, but that full belief may be too much to ask in this context. That is, law may be unable to accommodate a demand that we believe women, though it may be able to treat them respectfully as epistemic agents. In making this claim, I reject that increasing one’s credence in light of testimony “counts” as believing someone. Second, I look at the presumption of innocence, noting that under the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence it amounts to no more than the requirement that in a criminal trial, the prosecution must prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt. Additionally, following Larry Laudan, I endorse the view that the presumption in law is simply the claim that a juror has no evidence. But that is not what we want in life. The questions we want to ask in life are (1) what do we owe each other and (2) when there are contested factual situations, what is the default position. The presumption of innocence rhetoric assumes the answers to these questions.
Implementation of eHealth Technology in Community Health Care: the complexity of stakeholder involvement.

The implementation of any technology in community health care is seen as a challenge. Similarly, the implementation of eHealth technology also has challenges, and many initiatives never fully reach their potential. In addition, the complexity of stakeholders complicates the situation further, since some are unused to cooperating and the form of cooperation is new. The paper’s aim is to give an overview of the stakeholders and the relationships and dependencies between them, with the goal of contributing this knowledge to future similar projects in a field seeing rapid development. In this longitudinal qualitative and interpretive study involving eight municipalities in Norway, we analysed how eHealth initiatives have proven difficult due to the complexity and lack of involvement and integration from stakeholders. As part of a larger project, this study draws on data from 20 interviews with employees on multiple levels, specifically, project managers and middle managers; healthcare providers and next of kin; and technology vendors and representatives of the municipal IT support services. We identified the stakeholders involved in the implementation of eHealth community health care in the municipalities, then described and discussed the relationships among them. The identification of the various stakeholders illustrates the complexity of innovative implementation projects within the health care domain—in particular, community health care. Furthermore, we categorised the stakeholders along two dimensions (external–internal) and their degree of integration (core stakeholders, support stakeholders and peripheral stakeholders). Study findings deepen theoretical knowledge concerning stakeholders in eHealth technology implementation initiatives. Findings show that the number of stakeholders is high, and illustrate the complexity of stakeholders’ integration. Moreover, stakeholder integration in public community health care differs from a classical industrial stakeholder map in that the municipality is not just one stakeholder, but is instead comprised of many. These stakeholders are internal to the municipality but external to the focal actor, and this complicating factor influences their integration. Our findings also contribute to practice by highlighting how projects within the health care domain should identify and involve these stakeholders at an early stage. We also offer a model for use in this context.
A randomized-controlled trial of sugammadex versus neostigmine: impact on early postoperative strength.

Residual neuromuscular blockade after surgery is associated with airway obstruction, hypoxia, and respiratory complications. Compared with neostigmine, sugammadex reverses neuromuscular blockade to a train-of-four ratio > 0.9 more rapidly. It is unknown, however, whether the superior reversal profile of sugammadex improves clinically relevant measures of strength in the early postoperative period. Patients undergoing general, gynecological, or urologic surgery were randomized to receive either neostigmine (70 µg·kg−1, maximum 5 mg) or sugammadex (2 or 4 mg·kg−1) to reverse neuromuscular blockade. The primary outcome was the ability to breathe deeply measured by incentive spirometry at 30, 60, and 120 min after reversal. We randomized 62 patients to either a neostigmine (n = 31) or sugammadex (n = 31) group. The incentive spirometry volume recovery trajectory was not different between the two groups (P = 0.35). Median spirometry volumes at baseline, 30, 60, and 120 min postoperatively were 2650 vs 2500 mL, 1775 vs 1750 mL, 1375 vs 2000 mL, and 1800 vs 1950 mL for the sugammadex and neostigmine groups, respectively. Postoperative incentive spirometry decrease from baseline was not different between the two groups. Hand grip strength, the ability to sit unaided, train-of-four ratio on postanesthesia care unit (PACU) admission, time to extubation, time to PACU discharge readiness, and Quality of Recovery-15 scores were also not different between the groups. Measures of postoperative strength, such as incentive spirometry, hand group strength, and the ability to sit up in the early postoperative period were not different in patients who received neostigmine or sugammadex for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade. www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02909439); registered: 21 September, 2016.
Reliability Study on PUR Injection Machine

Abstract The paper aims to determine the reliability of an injection station through calculus after analysis of most common defects. Reliability analysis of production systems is determined taking into account various factors and requirements. The reliability theory appeared the moment when the cyclic method (design- produce-test-redesign) did not correspond anymore due to the accelerated rate of scientific and technical development. Now there is a high interest in industrial product trials in a reduced time and more restrictive testing rates. In the same time the PUR lacquer technology means an elegant and familiar look to the vehicle.
Universal Biosensor for Multiple Biomarker Detection for Medical Applications

We report on the development of universal, disposable biomarker detection platform for accurate detection disease biomarkers within 30 min of assay time. This technology could replace current platform dependent, expensive and less sensitive nucleic acid and antigen detection currently used in screening and diagnosis.
The Orientation of First-Year Students to Science and STEM Majors

Preparation for STEM majors requires pre-college-level enhancements. Through interviews, Tofel-Grehl and Callahan (2017) examine the elements of the STEM pipeline at the high school level and find that teachers have specific expectations of students who excel in STEM areas. Several resources can aid the college transition for first-year STEM students. Financial resources, staff, academic support, and programming contribute to a successful transition during the first semester (Seidman et al., 2012; Gardner et al., 2001; Slovacek et al., 2011). Initial post-secondary-school support includes advising that encourages students to enter STEM fields of studies and to declare STEM majors early in their college careers to minimize the time and money required for degree completion (Frehill, 1997; Chen and Upah 2020).
FLAW3D: A Trojan-based Cyber Attack on the Physical Outcomes of Additive Manufacturing.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) systems such as 3D printers use inexpensive microcontrollers that rarely feature cybersecurity defenses. This is a risk, especially given the rising threat landscape within the larger digital manufacturing domain. In this work we demonstrate this risk by presenting the design and study of a malicious Trojan (the FLAW3D bootloader) for AVR-based Marlin-compatible 3D printers (>100 commercial models). We show that the Trojan can hide from programming tools, and even within tight design constraints (less than 1.7 kilobytes in size), it can compromise the quality of additively manufactured prints and reduce tensile strengths by up to 50%.
Data quality and reliability metrics for event-related potentials (ERPs): The utility of subject-level reliability.

Abstract Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) represent direct measures of neural activity that are leveraged to understand cognitive, affective, sensory, and motor processes. Every ERP researcher encounters the obstacle of determining whether measurements are precise or psychometrically reliable enough for an intended purpose. In this primer, we review three types of measurements metrics: data quality, group-level internal consistency, and subject-level internal consistency. Data quality estimates characterize the precision of ERP scores but provide no inherent information about whether scores are precise enough for examining individual differences. Group-level internal consistency characterizes the ratio of between-person differences to the precision of those scores, and provides a single internal consistency estimate for an entire group of participants that risks masking low internal consistency for some individuals. Subject-level internal consistency considers the precision of an ERP score for a person relative to between-person differences for a group, and an estimate is yielded for each individual. We apply each metric to published error-related negativity (ERN) and reward positivity (RewP) data and demonstrate how failing to consider data quality and internal consistency can undermine statistical inferences. We conclude with general comments on how these estimates may be used to improve measurement quality and methodological transparency. Subject-level internal consistency computation is implemented within the ERP Reliability Analysis (ERA) Toolbox.
A conversation with Kashyap Tumkur: the promise and challenges of precision medicine

Ubiquity's senior editor Dr. Bushra Anjum chats with Kashyap Tumkur, a software engineer at Verily Life Sciences, the healthcare and life sciences arm of Alphabet. They discuss how the notion of "precision medicine" has gained popularity in recent times. Next, the focus turns to Tumkur's work, where he, along with his team, is working on collecting and integrating continuous time-series data to create a map of human health.
Food insecurity in Detroit: exploring the relationship between patient-reported food insecurity and proximity to healthful grocery stores.

Objective The objective of the current study was to determine if patients of a large health care system in Detroit who self-identify as food insecure live further away from healthy grocery stores compared with food secure patients. Second, we explored whether food insecurity and distance to healthy grocery stores are related to ecological measures of vehicle availability in the area of residence. Design A secondary data analysis that uses baseline data from a pilot intervention/feasibility study. Setting Detroit, Michigan, USA. Participants Patients of Henry Ford Health System were screened for food insecurity to determine eligibility for a pilot intervention/feasibility study (i.e. Henry's Groceries for Health), conducted through a collaboration with Gleaners Community Foodbank of Southeastern Michigan. Only patients residing in Detroit city limits (including Highland Park and Hamtramck) were included in the secondary analysis. Of the 1,100 patients included in the analysis, 336 (31 %) were food insecure. Results After accounting for socio-demographic factors associated with food insecurity, we did not find evidence that food insecure patients lived further away from healthier grocery stores, nor was this modified by ecological measures of vehicle access. However, some neighbourhoods were identified as having a significantly higher risk of food insecurity. Conclusions Food insecure patients in Detroit are perhaps limited by social and political determinants and not their immediate neighbourhood geography or physical access to healthy grocery stores. Future research should explore the complexity in linkages between household socio-economic factors, socio-cultural dynamics and the neighbourhood food environment.
I am an Educator: Investigating Professional Identity Formation using Social Cognitive Career Theory

Clinician-educators (CE) are physicians who fill a unique role within academic medicine, as they are responsible both for patient care and for training future physicians via teaching, curricular de...
Massive Photons and Monopoles

The theoretical expressions used to fit the varied data relevant to the possibility of a nonzero photon mass have one thing in common: they go over continuously into the corresponding expressions for zero photon mass. Seeking a criterion for a zero-mass-photon which is based on a measurable discontinuity as the theory changes from nonzero to zero mass, we suggest that the very existence of monopoles provides one such criterion.
DYNAMICS OF THE NEUTROPHIL SURFACE DURING EMIGRATION FROM BLOOD

Neutrophils move from flowing blood to extravascular tissue by dynamically regulating the presentation of endothelial receptors on their surface. Receptor number and accesibility are both controlled in this process, but the relative importance of these parameters and the timing of surface changes has been difficult to discern. In this chapter we review what is known about the dynamics of the neutrophil membrane during it emigration from blood, and we explore the techniques of modern light microscopy that should allow us to answer remaining questions through direct measurements on living neutrophils.
Cases and Materials on Contracts: Making and Doing Deals

Making and Doing Deals is a book that your students will learn from long after they graduate. It is also a book that should be fun for you to teach from. It's a book that students will enjoy, and, therefore, a book that they will read . Since the First Edition, students have been reading Making and Doing Deals because the cases, problems, and text not only help them learn what they need to know as first-year law students, but also address the real-world problems and situations they will encounter after their final exam.
Pregnenolone production in pregnancy

Abstract The blood metabolic clearance rate of pregnenolone was 2,950 L. per day at 11 to 12 weeks' gestation, 2,670 ± 389 (S.E.) L. per day between 33 and 36 weeks' gestation, and 4,250 ± 502 (S.E.) L. per day between 37 and 39 weeks' gestation. Thirty-three per cent of circulating pregnenolone was associated with the blood cells. In five subjects in the third trimester the plasma concentrations of pregnenolone, progesterone, and 20α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one were 0.728 ± 0.093 (S.D.), 10.09 ± 3.56 (S.D.), and 2.04 ± 0.71 (S.D.) μg per 100 ml. The production rate of pregnenolone in late pregnancy was 23.4 ± 3.9 (S.E.) mg. per day. The transfer constant of pregnenolone to progesterone ([ ϱ ] BB Preg Prog ) was 0.073 in early pregnancy and 0.244 and 0.261 in the third trimester, and the contribution of pregnenolone to progesterone production in late pregnancy was 6.1 mg. per day or 2.9 per cent of the total production. The 17β-, 20α-, and 3β-ol dehydrogenase activities were determined in 31 placentas in early pregnancy and 26 at delivery. The placental 3β-ol dehydrogenase activity suggested that the amount of enzyme was not the limiting factor in the in vivo conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone.
Being, thinking, creating: When war attacks the setting and the transference counter-attacks

When trauma enters into the reality of the analyst and of the analysand, when it attacks the setting, what becomes of the analyst’s role? How can transformations be brought about? With reference to three clinical situations, the author attempts to explore how the articulation between transference and countertransference – the inter‐relation – structures the situation; the analyst must remain in his or her role as analyst through managing to create and to reflect upon the clinical aspects of that situation when faced with the unpredictability of what war brings in its wake. It then becomes possible to see how the work of the negative can be confined to the outer limits of the setting.
Molecular Opacities in Cool Dwarf Stars

The term dwarf stars identifies objects of small radius in the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) Diagram, but encompasses more than one phase of stellar evolution. The M dwarfs (type dM) populate the main sequence at the low mass end; these are the coolest core hydrogen-burning stars. They belong generally to the Galactic disk, or Population I, have relatively small space motions with respect to the Sun, and have similar metallicities to the Sun (although perhaps only within a factor of several). In particular, this means that the abundance of oxygen is always greater than that of carbon. The M subdwarfs (sdM) are the Population II counterparts, showing low metallicities and high space motions. Because they have smaller radii, they define a main sequence at lower luminosity than the M dwarfs for a given temperature. Hence the term subdwarf.
Student Perceptions of Web-Based Supplemental Instruction.

Introduction Nearly every university and college in North America now has a Web presence (Saba, 1998). Approximately 70% of U.S. colleges and universities provide undergraduate applications online and nearly 77% provide their course catalogs online (The Campus Computing Project, 1999). The Internet is also changing the way in which education is delivered, and in fact, some predict that the Internet will become the dominant distribution system for distance education and training (Simonson, Smaldino, Albright, & Zvacek, 1999). Many faculty members are expanding their traditional delivery methods (lecture, laboratory, face-to-face discussion) to include educational options ranging from Webbased course supplements to the complete delivery of courses online. There are endless online choices that instructors may consider in this range, from simply posting a syllabus to creating Web-based content to enhance classroom instruction to full online delivery. In 1997-98, nearly 44% of all U.S. higher education institutions offered distance-based courses, an increase of one third since 1994-95, with most of the growth being primarily in Internet delivery (National Center for Education Statistics, 2000). The most recent Campus Computing Project (1999) survey identified that 45% of the 530 participating higher education institutions offered at least one full course online.
Effects of Aging and Temperature on the Rheological Properties of Simulated Melter Feed Slurries for Nuclear Waste Vitrification

In some vitrification processes, the nuclear waste is first mixed with glass-forming additives to form an intermediate aqueous slurry before being processed through a melter at high temperature (typically 1100-1200°C) to form a glass of the desired composition and properties. The rheological characteristics of such an intermediate melter feed slurry are important for the mixing and transport of the feed slurry to the melter and also in the spreading of the slurry on the surface of the glass melt. In this paper, the effects of aging and temperature on the rheological properties of melter feed slurries have been investigated for various high-sodium waste streams. The apparent viscosity of the melter feeds increases significantly with aging time for relatively high solid content melter feeds. After an aging time of 30 days, the apparent viscosity increased exponentially with solid content. A temperature increase from 25°C to 40°C reduced the apparent viscosity with the reduction becoming more evident at high solids content.
Metal processing with ultrashort laser pulses

Femtosecond laser ablation has been shown to produce well-defined cuts and holes in metals with minimal heat effect to the remaining material. Ultrashort laser pulse processing shows promise as an important technique for materials processing. We will discuss the physical effects associated with processing based experimental and modeling results. Intense ultra-short laser pulse (USLP) generates high pressures and temperatures in a subsurface layer during the pulse, which can strongly modify the absorption. We carried out simulations of USLP absorption versus material and pulse parameters. The ablation rate as function of the laser parameters has been estimated. Since every laser pulse removes only a small amount of material, a practical laser processing system must have high repetition rate. We will demonstrate that planar ablation is unstable and the initially smooth crater bottom develops a corrugated pattern after many tens of shots. The corrugation growth rate, angle of incidence and the polarization of laser electric field dependence will be discussed. In the nonlinear stage, the formation of coherent structures with scales much larger than the laser wavelength was observed. Also, there appears to be a threshold fluence above which a narrow, nearly perfectly circular channel forms after a few hundred shots. Subsequent shots deepen this channel without significantly increasing its diameter. The role of light absorption in the hole walls will be discussed.
Zip-related genital injury.

Objective To describe the epidemiology of genital injuries caused by trouser zips and to educate both consumers and the caregivers of patients who sustain such injuries. Patients and Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, a dataset validated to provide a probability sample of patients who present to emergency departments (EDs) in the USA with injuries, was analysed to characterize zip-related genital injuries occurring between 2002 and 2010. A total of 523 cases were analysed to obtain national estimates. Results Between 2002 and 2010, an estimated 17 616 patients presented to US EDs with trouser zip injuries to the genitals. The penis was almost always the only genital organ involved. Zip injuries represented nearly one-fifth of all penile injuries. Amongst adults, zips were the most frequent cause of penile injuries. Annual zip-related genital injury incidence remained stable over the study period. Conclusions Zip-related genital injuries affect both paediatric and adult cohorts. Practitioners should be familiar with various zip-detachment strategies for these populations.
Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Factor VII as Rescue for Severe Perioperative Bleeding in HeartMate II Recipients

Introduction We aimed to study the efficacy and safety of recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) for management of perioperative bleeding in HeartMate II recipients. Materials and Methods Fifty-seven patients underwent HeartMate II implantation. Sixteen patients received rFVIIa (six intraop, eight early postop, and two both intra- and postop). The effect of rFVIIa on transfusion of blood products as well as the amount of chest tube drainage was used to assess efficacy and 30-day incidence of thromboembolic events was used to assess safety. Results Patients who received intraoperative rFVIIa had been transfused significantly more blood products prior to rFVIIa administration compared to total amount of intraoperatively transfused blood products in those who did not receive intra-op rFVIIa; however, there were no significant differences in the amount of transfused blood products and chest tube output in the 24-hour postoperative period between the two groups. Postoperative administration of rFVIIa did not have a significant impact on the amount of red blood cell transfusion but there was a trend towards decreased requirement for fresh frozen plasma (mean 2.7 vs. 1.1, p = 0.08), platelet (1.5 vs. 0.7, p = 0.14), and cryoprecipitate (5.3 vs. 1.2, p = 0.09). The hourly rate of chest tube output also decreased significantly from an average of 235 ± 57 mL/hour prior to rFVIIa administration to an average of 98 ± 36 mL/hour in the first four hours after rFVIIa administration (p value = 0.003). There were no 30-day thromboembolic events in those patients who received rFVIIa. Conclusions This study supports selective use of rFVIIa in HeartMate II recipients for the management of severe perioperative bleeding. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12555 (J Card Surg 2015;30:500–505)
Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrazines by Ortho-Lithiation Reactions. Pyrazine Ladder Polymers

Several novel transformations on sensitive pyrazine cores are disclosed while preparing monomers for condensation polymerizations to planar polypyrazines. Two pyrazine monomers for the step growth polymerization are prepared starting from ethyl acetoacetate and proceeding via pyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid as the common intermediate. The dicarboxylic acid serves as the key intermediate for the preparation of both the A and B components for the step-growth polymerization. A bis(Curtius) rearrangement followed by tert-butyl alcohol capture of the diisocyanate effects the high-yielding conversion of carbonyl moieties to the tert-butoxycarbonyl-protected aryldiamine. Since electrophilic halogenation of the pyrazine nucleus was unsuccessful due to the inherent electron deficiency of pyrazines, a directed ortho-metalation is disclosed using tert-butoxycarbonyl-protected amines and neopentyl glycol acetals as the metalation directing groups. Pd/Cu-catalyzed couplings of diiodopyrazines with distannylpyrazines ar...
Distributed Sensing and Shape Control of Piezoelectric Bimorph Mirrors

Meeting the long term needs of the remote sensing community requires the development of large aperture space-based optical systems to achieve dramatic improvements in resolution and sensitivity. It is possible that ultralarge apertures will be obtained using deployable thin film mirror technology, yet many technological barriers must be overcome to make this approach viable. This paper summarizes an initial research effort into the development of piezoelectric thin film mirrors that can be actively shaped using electric fields applied by an electron flux at selected locations. Recent progress is described in the key areas of mirror figure sensing methods, electron gun excitation, and shape control algorithm development.
Regularized Stokeslets solution for 2-D flow in dead-end microfiltration: Application to bacterial deposition and fouling

Dead-end microfiltration is an effective method for removing particulate matter including protozoa and bacteria in a variety of settings. As the filtered components accumulate on the filter, the flux declines during constant pressure operation necessitating periodic back-washing. It has been recently reported empirically that the filtered components are not homogeneously distributed on the filter. This must be accounted for in any mathematical theory describing the filtering process. We present a method for determining the coupled fluid dynamics and bacterial transport for dead-end filtration. Results of numerical simulation indicate that the model is able to closely capture experimental data; moreover, the model predicts that the coupled system induces the experimentally observed patchy deposition patterns through spatial variability in the pore structure and porosity of the membrane.
Solitary waves in soybean induced by localized thermal stress.

Action potentials in higher plants are believed to be the information carriers in intercellular and intracellular communication in the presence of an environmental stressor. Plant electrophysiologists have recorded long distance electrical signaling in higher plants during the last two hundred years. Reproducing the duration, speed of propagation, and the shape of the action potential is challenging. Early measurements revealed that the speed of action potential propagation in plants is extremely slow – from 0.1 mm/s to 20 cm/s, although many faster plant responses to stress have been recorded as well. We hypothesized that this discrepancy is most likely due to the artifacts of aliasing from slow registration systems. In this study, we employ real time measurements using modern data acquisition techniques to detect ultra fast action potentials in green plants induced by localized heat stress. Thermal shock or heat stress is the most common environmental stress. Based on more sophisticated measuring techni...
Angiotensin II stimulates phosphoinositide turnover in the rat myometrium

Angiotensin II (AII) activates rat myometrium phospholipase C resulting in the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides. The response to AII is concentration- and time-dependent, and it is blocked by saralasin. During pregnancy there is a loss of responsiveness to AII at the site of placental implantation that appears to return during parturition.
Person-Situation Interaction Models

In a review of recent articles on person-situation interactionism, A.R. Buss argues that the authors confuse two distinct interaction models representing incompatible metaphysical systems. The two models specified are shown to be overlapping components of one more general model. Moreover, the incompatibility of metaphysical systems is questioned. Relevant methodological approaches are also considered.
Transient heat conduction in homogeneous and non-homogeneous materials by the Laplace transform Galerkin boundary element method

The Green's function for three-dimensional transient heat conduction (diffusion equation) for functionally graded materials (FGMs) is derived. The thermal conductivity and heat capacitance both vary exponentially in one coordinate. In the process of solving this diffusion problem numerically, a Laplace transform (LT) approach is used to eliminate the dependence on time. The fundamental solution in Laplace space is derived and the boundary integral equation formulation for the Laplace Transform boundary element method (LTBEM) is obtained. The numerical implementation is performed using a Galerkin approximation, and the time-dependence is restored by numerical inversion of the LT. Two numerical inversion techniques have been investigated: a Fourier series method and Stehfest's algorithm, the latter being preferred. A number of test problems have been examined, and the results are in excellent agreement with available analytical solutions.
Demand for gasoline and diesel fuel by farmers in the USA

This study endeavours to determine whether farmers in the USA adjust their consumption of gasoline and diesel fuel in response to changes in the relative prices of different types of energy. A demand model is specified and estimated. The conclusions suggest that the price of gasoline (diesel fuel) is a factor impacting the quantity of gasoline (diesel fuel) demanded by farmers, but there is no indication that other types of energy are substitutes for gasoline (diesel fuel). Additionally, the level of farming activity is a very important factor driving the demand for gasoline (diesel fuel). Finally, the estimated models of gasoline and diesel fuel demand are structurally stable over the period 1971–1988.
Endothelial cell–specific markers: going... going... gone

Comment on Kim et al, page [903][1] VE-cadherin, an adhesion molecule thought to be exclusively expressed on endothelial cells, has now been identified on fetal hematopoietic stem cells. Accumulating evidence supports the existence of a common hematopoietic/endothelial stem cell during early
Leakage Beliefs and the Correspondence Bias

The correspondence bias involves attributing an actor's behavior to his or her disposition, even when the actor's behavior was constrained. The bias occurs in part because perceivers believe that an actor behaves in ways that reflect both the constraint and the actor's true traits or attitudes, which "leak "from the constrained behavior Students in three studies demonstrated significant leakage beliefs in their expectations for constrained essay writers' true traits and attitudes. The greater an individual's leakage beliefs (in Study 3), the greater that individual's correspondence bias. The results support previous conceptual analyses of the correspondence bias and emphasize the importance of individual differences to understanding the phenomenon.
Should transient loss of consciousness in blunt head trauma be a pre-hospital trauma triage criterion?

The objective of this study was to evaluate pre-hospital triage of patients with an isolated brief loss of consciousness (LOC) to a regional trauma center (RTC). Data from a 6-month period were retrospectively reviewed from an existing pre-hospital data collection set. Patients were included if either they or a witness claimed a LOC, but they had regained consciousness to at least a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) > 13 by the time the paramedics arrived. Endpoints for need for trauma center services included positive head computed tomography (CT) scan, the occurrence of emergency non-orthopedic surgery in 3 days. In the non-vehicular trauma group, only one (0.3%) had surgery in 3 days. Overall, 19 (2.9%, CI 0.018-0.045) patients met any one of the end-point criteria for trauma center utilization; however, only one patient (0.2% CI < 0.0001-0.008) required immediate neurosurgical intervention. Transient LOC, in the absence of any other American College of Surgeons (ACS) trauma triage criteria, triaged 97% of patients to a trauma center, who did not require trauma center services based on our criteria.
Personality heterogeneity in female adolescent inpatients with features of eating disorders

Objective: This study examined evidence for personality variability in adolescents with eating disorder features in light of previous evidence that personality variability in adult women with eating disorder symptoms carries important clinical implications. Method: Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory personality data from adolescent girls with disturbed eating who were psychiatrically hospitalized were cluster analyzed, and resulting groups were compared in eating and comorbid psychopathology. Results: Three subgroups were identified among the 153 patients with eating disorder features: high functioning, internalizing, and externalizing. The internalizing group was marked by eating-related and mood dysfunction; the externalizing group by elevated eating and mood psychopathology as well as impulsivity, aggression, and substance use; and the high-functioning group by lower levels of psychopathology and relatively high self-esteem. Conclusions: These findings converge with previous research using different personality models in adult samples and highlight the clinical use of considering personality heterogeneity among adolescent and adult women with disturbed eating.
New Sour Gas Corrosion Inhibitor Compatible with Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor

The presence of hydrogen sulfide in high pressure gas systems causes several complications. Sour gas corrosion is a major concern in the oil and gas industry due to the presence of localized corrosion. At high pressures and low temperatures hydrates can occur. Sour gas decreases the pressure and increases the temperature at which hydrate formation occurs. Operators have used both corrosion inhibitors and kinetic hydrate inhibitors to decrease the capital requirements of developing sour high pressure gas systems. The development of sour gas corrosion inhibitors that are compatible with kinetic hydrate inhibitors is a major requirement for qualifying corrosion inhibitors for these applications. This paper describes laboratory work on the development of a new corrosion inhibitor by performing various performance and compatibility tests with kinetic hydrate inhibitor. The new corrosion inhibitor needed to meet various additional requirements which made the development process even more complex. The partitioning of a corrosion inhibitor between the oil and water phases has a significant impact on inhibitor selection and treatment strategy. General corrosion performance was addressed using mass loss and electrochemical data. Evaluation of localized attack was performed using vertical scanning interferometry (VSI). The main advantage of this approach is in providing quantitative data for product performance differentiation in the presence of localized corrosion.
ELIMINATION AND REAPPEARANCE OF STREPTOCOCCI IN SKIN LESIONS AND ON NORMAL SKIN FOLLOWING PENICILLIN TREATMENT

The rapidity of disappearance of group A streptococci from impetiginous lesions and normal skin was examined in 49 children treated with 10 days of oral penicillin (34) or long-acting benzathine penicillin (15). Before treatment (Rx) 92% of children had streptococci recovered from normal skin. One week later 20 of 23 children (87%) on oral penicillin were free of streptococcal skin lesions; 6 (26%) had streptococci present on normal skin, 2 of whom had positive lesions. Following benzathine penicillin none of 12 children had lesions 1 week later; 2 had positive normal skin sites. In further studies, 13 children were examined and cultured on presentation and 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 days after Rx was begun. In 7 children on oral penicillin the mean interval for streptococcal eradication from lesions was 3 days (range 2-4) and from normal skin 2 days; streptococci reappeared on normal skin in 5 children by 4 days. In 6 children, following benzathine penicillin, lesions and normal skin yielded no streptococci by a mean period of 2.5 days (range 2-4); in 1 child organisms reappeared on the normal skin. Persistence of streptococci in skin lesions for a few days after either oral or parenteral Rx has practical and theoretical implications. Streptococcal recovery from normal skin in these circumstances may reflect survival or new acquisition, and further study is needed to clarify this point.
Acute Ovarian Torsion and Primary Hypothyroidism

A 12-year-old girl presented with acute abdominal pain due to an acute ovarian torsion. She required an oophorectomy. Clinical and laboratory assessment confirmed severe primary hypothyroidism. In this report, we review this rare complication of untreated primary hypothyroidism and the physiologic mechanisms proposed to explain this phenomenon.
Video-image-based neural network guidance system with adaptive view-angles for autonomous vehicles

This paper describes the guidance function of an autonomous vehicle based on a neural network controller using video images with adaptive view angles for sensory input. The guidance function for an autonomous vehicle provides the low-level control required for maintaining the autonomous vehicle on a prescribed trajectory. Neural networks possess unique properties such as the ability to perform sensor fusion, the ability to learn, and fault tolerant architectures, qualities which are desirable for autonomous vehicle applications. To demonstrate the feasibility of using neural networks in this type of an application, an Intelledex 405 robot fitted with a video camera and vision system was used to model an autonomous vehicle with a limited range of motion. In addition to fixed-angle video images, a set of images using adaptively varied view angles based on speed are used as the input to the neural network controller. It was shown that the neural network was able to control the autonomous vehicle model along a path composed of path segments unlike the exemplars with which it was trained. This system was designed to assess only the guidance system, and it was assumed that other functions employed in autonomous vehicle control systems (mission planning, navigation, and obstacle avoidance) are to be implemented separately and are providing a desired path to the guidance system. The desired path trajectory is presented to the robot in the form of a two-dimensional path, with centerline, that is to be followed. A video camera and associated vision system provides video image data as control feedback to the guidance system. The neural network controller uses Gaussian curves for the output vector to facilitate interpolation and generalization of the output space.
Geophysical characterization, redox zonation, and contaminant distribution at a groundwater/surface water interface

Three transects along a groundwater/surface water interface were characterized for spatial distributions of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons and geochemical conditions to evaluate the natural bioremediation potential of this environmental system. Partly on the basis of ground penetrating radar measurements, a conductive sediment layer was detected from the shore out to at least 300 m offshore which exhibited gradients in redox pairs and contaminant profiles. The cis-Dichloroethene and 1-chloroethene were predominant in the presence of elevated methane and ferrous iron concentrations and depressed sulfate and aquifer solids-bound iron concentrations. The shallow monitoring points were generally hypoxic to aerobic and exhibited values of specific conductance reflective of near-shore lake water, indicating reoxygenation of the contaminant plume due to wave infiltration. The barge transect yielded trace contaminant concentrations and showed evidence of sulfate reduction. These analyses contributed to the understanding of processes affecting contaminant fate and transport at near-shore mixing zones.
Iron speciation in the Arabian Sea

Fe(III) speciation was measured in seawater collected as part of the United States Joint Global Ocean Flux (US JGOFS) Arabian Sea Process Study, Cruise TN045, March 14–April 10, 1995. The Fe-binding capacity of organic seawater ligands was measured in filtered seawater (<0.4 μm) collected from surface depths and throughout the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Seawaters from three stations on the southern line (S2, S9, and S11) were examined. Total Fe concentrations measured at the three sites ranged from: 1.25±0.21 nM to 1.30±0.01 nM (S2); 1.67±0.50 nM to 2.63±0.54 nM (S9); and 1.40±0.11 nM to 1.70±0.29 nM (S11). Cathodic stripping voltammetry (CSV) with 1-nitroso-2-napthol (1N2N) as the competitive ligand (pH 6.9) was used to determine conditional stability constants and Fe-binding ligand concentrations in seawater. Conditional stability constants for FeL complexes ranged from log KFeL=21.6±0.1 to 22.5±0.9 at the three sites. Total ligand concentrations ranged from 1.47±0.06 nM to 6.33±1.16 nM over all sites, but increased by a factor of 2–3 from the surface to the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), suggesting that Fe-binding ligands may be produced during organic matter degradation. Ligand concentrations were consistently higher than total iron concentrations at every site measured, with an average “excess” ligand concentration of 2.15±1.50 (n=10). “Excess” ligand concentrations in the OMZ were 2 to 20 times higher than surface waters (upper 100 m). Formation-rate constants (kf) and dissociation-rate constants (kd) between added Fe3+ and seawater ligands were measured using a kinetic approach at ambient seawater pH, allowing independent calculation of the conditional stability constant, since K=kf/kd. Using the kinetic approach, conditional stability constants ranged from log KFeL=20.5±0.1 to 22.9±0.1. Although log K values are comparable in magnitude to those reported in the Pacific and Northwestern Atlantic Oceans, measured total ligand concentrations in the Arabian Sea are higher. This suggests that in areas that receive high Fe inputs through upwelling and/or atmospheric deposition, marine organisms may produce `excess’ ligands to keep Fe soluble in seawater for extended intervals.
Cross hearing—air conduction or bone conduction

Unilaterally anacusic Ss were given pure-tone threshold tests in each ear, with and without the good ear plugged. The threshold shift produced by the plug was less for the bad ear than for the good ear. Since interaural attenuation was unaffected by the plug, it was concluded that cross-hearing occurs via bone conduction.