Thumb and finger sucking.

1. Lynn Davidson, MD 1. Albert Einstein College of Medicine Children's Hospital at Montefiore Bronx, NY Infant Oral Health and Oral Habits . Norwak AJ, Warren JJ. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2000;47 :1052– 1066[OpenUrl][1] Repetitive Behaviors . Blum N. In: Levine M, Carey W, Crocker A, eds. Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Company; 1999:430– 433 Finger Habits: Their Effects and Their Treatments. Parts 1 and 2 . Bishara S, Larsson E. The Dental Assistant. 2007;76 (vols. 1 and 2):14– 16, 18, and 16–18, 20, 22, 24[OpenUrl][2] Habit Reversal . Christophersen E. 2004. Development and Behavioral Pediatrics Online. Available at: www.dbpeds.org/articles/detail.cfm?TextID=37 Changes in the Prevalence of Nonnutritive Sucking Patterns in the First 8 Years of Life . Bishara SE, Warren JJ, Broffitt B, Levy SM. Am J Orthodont Dentofac Orthoped. 2006;130 :31– 36[OpenUrl][3][CrossRef][4][PubMed][5][Web of Science][6] Thumb Sucking . Blenner S. In: Parker S, Zuckerman B, Augustyn M, eds. Behavioral and Developmental Pediatrics. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005:348– 350 For the Dental Patient … Thumb Sucking and Pacifier Use . Chicago, Ill: American Dental Association; 2007. Available at: http://www.ada.org/prof/resources/pubs/jada/patient/patient_77.pdf Although the incidence of thumb sucking in developed countries has declined in recent years, it remains a common behavior. Several related habits—thumb sucking, finger sucking, and pacifier use—are considered forms of nonnutritive sucking. Rates of nonnutritive sucking have varied over time. Studies in the past suggested as many as 70% to 90% of children engaged in such behavior, with digit sucking more common than pacifier use. Currently, pacifier use is more prevalent. Thumb sucking is present in fetal life and has been noted at 29 weeks’ gestation. Recent studies have found finger-sucking behaviors … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DPediatr%2BClin%2BNorth%2BAm.%26rft.volume%253D47%26rft.spage%253D1052%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DThe%2BDental%2BAssistant.%26rft.volume%253D76%26rft.spage%253D14%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [3]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DAmerican%2Bjournal%2Bof%2Borthodontics%2Band%2Bdentofacial%2Borthopedics%2B%253A%2B%2Bofficial%2Bpublication%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAmerican%2BAssociation%2Bof%2BOrthodontists%252C%2Bits%2Bconstituent%2Bsocieties%252C%2Band%2Bthe%2BAmerican%2BBoard%2Bof%2BOrthodontics%26rft.stitle%253DAm%2BJ%2BOrthod%2BDentofacial%2BOrthop%26rft.aulast%253DBishara%26rft.auinit1%253DS.%2BE.%26rft.volume%253D130%26rft.issue%253D1%26rft.spage%253D31%26rft.epage%253D36%26rft.atitle%253DChanges%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bprevalence%2Bof%2Bnonnutritive%2Bsucking%2Bpatterns%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bfirst%2B8%2Byears%2Bof%2Blife.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1016%252Fj.ajodo.2004.11.033%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F16849069%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.11.033&link_type=DOI [5]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=16849069&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fpedsinreview%2F29%2F6%2F207.atom [6]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000239042900012&link_type=ISI