cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Computational simulation of lipid bilayer reorientation at gaps

Understanding cellular membrane processes is critical for the study of events such as viral entry, neurotransmitter exocytosis, and immune activation. Supported lipid bilayers serve as a model system for many membrane processes. Despite the relative simplicity of this system, many important structural and dynamic parameters are not experimentally observable with current techniques. Computational approaches allow the development of a high-resolution model of bilayer processes. We have performed molecular dynamics simulations of phospholipid bilayers to model the creation of bilayer gaps and to analyze their structure and dynamics. Our simulations show rapid reorientation and movement of phospholipids near simulated bilayer edges. These data suggest that lipids may undergo rapid local rearrangements during membrane fusion, facilitating formation of fusion intermediates thought key to the infection cycle of viruses such as influenza and HIV.
The Perfect Storm: A Review of the Literature on Increased Noise Levels in Academic Libraries

The combination of new technologies, changing librarian roles, and a generation of “digital native” students has led to an increase in noise levels in academic libraries. The authors present a review of the literature on increased noise levels in academic libraries in an attempt to identify best practices for adapting libraries to noise and to assist reference librarians who must confront disruptive patrons. They discuss such practices as zoning libraries, furniture arrangement, written policies, signage, and peer policing for noise.
Prominent mental (chin) crease: a new sign of pseudoxanthoma elasticum.

Abstract Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an inherited disease with many systemic complications. Its diagnosis can be easily overlooked. The purpose of this study was to assess a new clinical sign of PXE. A total of 47 consecutive patients with PXE were examined for mental creases and compared with 47 age-matched control patients. Photographs were evaluated by a blinded investigator. Mental creases were present in 43 of 47 patients with PXE, affected the majority of individuals in every age group, and were significantly more common than in control patients ( P
Experimental capacitance-voltage characteristics of three-terminal digital MOS varactors

The capacitance-voltage characteristics of a new device, the three-terminal digital MOS varactor, are presented. These devices do not require external bias decoupling circuitry thereby resulting in smaller circuits.
The Lyme spirochete: another cause of Reiter's syndrome?

Discussion a propos de la pathogenie du syndrome de Reiter a partir de la decouverte d'anticorps anti Borrelia Burgdorferi chez 18% des patients atteints d'arthrite reactionnelle ou du syndrome de Reiter, patients demeurant dans une zone d'endemie de la maladie de Lyme
Mechanism of ATP-dependent translocation of E.coli UvrD monomers along single-stranded DNA

Escherichia coli UvrD protein is a 3' to 5' SF1 DNA helicase involved in methyl-directed mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair of DNA. Using stopped-flow methods we have examined the kinetic mechanism of translocation of UvrD monomers along single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in vitro by monitoring the transient kinetics of arrival of protein at the 5'-end of the ssDNA. Arrival at the 5'-end was monitored by the effect of protein on the fluorescence intensity of fluorophores (Cy3 or fluorescein) attached to the 5'-end of a series of oligodeoxythymidylates varying in length from 16 to 124 nt. We find that UvrD monomers are capable of ATP-dependent translocation along ssDNA with a biased 3' to 5' directionality. Global non-linear least-squares analysis of the full kinetic time-courses in the presence of a protein trap to prevent rebinding of free protein to the DNA using the methods described in the accompanying paper enabled us to obtain quantitative estimates of the kinetic parameters for translocation. We find that UvrD monomers translocate in discrete steps with an average kinetic step-size, m=3.68(+/-0.03) nt step(-1), a translocation rate constant, kt=51.3(+/-0.6) steps s(-1), (macroscopic translocation rate, mkt=189.0(+/-0.7) nt s(-1)), with a processivity corresponding to an average translocation distance of 2400(+/-600) nt before dissociation (10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3), 20 mM NaCl, 20% (v/v) glycerol, 25 degrees C). However, in spite of its ability to translocate rapidly and efficiently along ssDNA, a UvrD monomer is unable to unwind even an 18 bp duplex in vitro. DNA helicase activity in vitro requires a UvrD dimer that unwinds DNA with a similar kinetic step-size of 4-5 bp step(-1), but an approximately threefold slower unwinding rate of 68(+/-9) bp s(-1) under the same solution conditions, indicating that DNA unwinding activity requires more than the ability to simply translocate directionally along ss-DNA.
English-as-a-Second-Language Reading Instruction in the United States: A Research Review

The purpose of this review is to characterize research and portray findings on English-as-a-second-language (ESL) reading instruction in the United States. The spectrum of research on ESL reading instruction in the United States might best be characterized as having considerable breadth, but little depth. However, some tentative themes emerged. Among the most important statements that could be made were the following. First, some broad classroom parameters were discerned: Students may work mainly in small groups, stressing word recognition and oral reading; typical instructional discourse patterns may be incompatible with common home-discourse patterns; and teachers may work with lower ESL groups in different ways and stress lower level skills even more as compared to higher ESL groups. Second, research contributed little clarification on issues surrounding the role and timing of native-language reading instruction and ESL reading instruction for ESL reading achievement. Third, instruction targeting specific student knowledge, such as vocabulary knowledge, background knowledge, and text-structure knowledge, was generally effective. Fourth, there was a paucity of information about important issues related to ESL reading in teacher materials.
In-phase resonant inductive coupling for multi-layer vertical communication in 3D-ICs

A signal boosting scheme for wireless inductive interconnects in 3D-ICs is proposed. It enables longer distance communication through multiple-stacked layers without increasing coil size by using in-phase resonant inductive coupling and regenerative oscillation. Measurement results show the received signal is improved by 16dB compared to a conventional standard inductive coupling method with and aspect ratio of 4∶1.
What Happened at Spring Hill?: Establishing an Agenda for the Future of Psychology in the Schools

The Spring Hill Symposium on the Future of Psychology in the Schools took place in June 1980. The Symposium was the first comprehensive examination of school psychology by US school psychologists since the Thayer Conference in 1954. The latter meeting, like others at Vail and the University of Chicago, focused primarily on guild issues and led to modifications in professional practice and training. It is tempting to think that the Spring Hill Symposium, too, will be considered a historic event and that its influence will be traced in the future applications of psychology to the schools. However, conferences and change may be only correlated; national meetings tend to be called at critical points in time, and the points are critical because change is imminent. School psychology appears to be at such a point.
Perioperative antibiotics in the setting of oral cavity reconstruction: how much is too much?

hysterectomy. The main outcome measure was AHRQ-defined patient safety indicators (PSI). Multivariate analyses, adjusting for patient demographic factors, comorbidities, hospital teaching status, bed size and procedure volume, were performed to determine risk of PSI in minimally invasive (MIS) patients relative to open patients, and stratified by levels of hospital transition to MIS (“MIS transition index”).
Catheter Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Segmental Pulmonary Vein Ostial Ablation Versus Left Atrial Ablation

Background— Segmental ostial catheter ablation (SOCA) to isolate the pulmonary veins (PVs) and left atrial catheter ablation (LACA) to encircle the PVs both may eliminate paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). The relative efficacy of these 2 techniques has not been directly compared. Methods and Results— Of 80 consecutive patients with symptomatic PAF (age, 52±10 years), 40 patients underwent PV isolation by SOCA and 40 patients underwent LACA to encircle the PVs. During SOCA, ostial PV potentials recorded with a ring catheter were targeted. LACA was performed by encircling the left- and right-sided PVs 1 to 2 cm from the ostia and was guided by an electroanatomic mapping system; ablation lines also were created in the mitral isthmus and posterior left atrium. The mean procedure and fluoroscopy times were 156±45 and 50±17 minutes for SOCA and 149±33 and 39±12 minutes for LACA, respectively. At 6 months, 67% of patients who underwent SOCA and 88% of patients who underwent LACA were free of symptomatic PAF ...
Experimental Investigation on the Seismic Performance of a Service Vibration Isolation Platform for Protection of Equipment

This paper summarizes the experimental studies to assess the seismic performance of a commercially available vibration isolation platform. The studies consisted of earthquake simulation tests using a three-directional earthquake-simulator. The test specimen included a vibration isolation platform, based on negative stiffness springs, supporting generic/simulated equipment. The platform-equipment set was subjected to seismic shaking that intended to simulate a variety of ground and floor accelerations of multistory buildings under low-intensity earthquake shaking. This paper includes: (1) a description of the isolation platform and experimental settings, (2) sample of experimental results, and (3) findings on numerical analysis of the isolation platform placed in different floors on a multistory-story building subjected to ground shaking that may be representative of moderate/low seismicity areas. The paper concludes on the performance of the vibration isolation platform for seismic protection of equipment in different buildings floors.
The Likelihood of a “Youth Discount” in Juvenile Court Sanctions: The Influence of Offender Race, Gender, and Age

The juvenile court to varying degrees operates under the doctrine of parens patriae whereby decision makers can rely on both legal and extralegal considerations to decide a case outcome. Within this context, age is viewed as a factor in assessing the culpability of a youth that may result in what has been coined as a “youth discount.” Lacking is inquiry into the extent to which age acts as a mitigating determinant of juvenile justice outcomes for Whites, Blacks, males, females, and various race/gender combinations. Relying on interpretations of the symbolic threat perspective and theory that emphasizes racial and gender stereotyping, the present research examined the individual effects of race, gender, and age on court sanctions, as well as the joint relationships between these three offender characteristics with decision making. The results have implications for providing clarity into the contextual effects of race, gender, and age on juvenile justice proceedings.
A Case Of Vitamin C Deficiency Manifesting With Easy Bruising: Suggestion For a Supplementation Protocol

Contrary to most animals which are capable of obtaining ascorbic acid (vitamin C) by metabolizing glucose, humans require an exogenous source of vitamin C. It is a water-soluble vitamin found in various foods, including citrus fruits (oranges, lemons, grapefruit), green vegetables (peppers, broccoli, cabbage), tomatoes, and potatoes. It is essential for growth and repair of tissues, particularly blood vessels. Deficiency of vitamin C is relatively rare; the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994) found approximately 13% of the US population to be vitamin C deficient. Smoking cigarettes lowers the amount of vitamin C in the body, so smokers are at a higher risk of deficiency. Additionally, alcoholics, the elderly, patients with psychiatric disorders and individuals who experience social isolation are also at risk. Symptoms can manifest after 3 months of deficient intake of vitamin C -containing foods. Since ascorbic acid is required for collagen synthesis, deficiency usually manifests with bleeding gums, ecchymoses, petechiae, coiled hairs and hyperkeratosis. Diagnosis can be established when plasma levels of vitamin C fall below 0.2mg/dl. There are currently no evidence based guidelines for supplementation once low levels are detected. We describe a case of a 33 year old Caucasian female seen in our clinic for easy bruising of 10 years duration. She would wake up in the morning with bruised arms and legs without any inciting trauma. She denied prolonged bleeding after dental extractions, frequent nose bleeds, menorrhagia any genitounrinary or gastrointestinal blood loss. Her exam revealed ecchymoses on her arms and legs with no evidence of perifollicular hemorrhage or gingival hyperplasia. Workup including CBC, Coagulation profile and Von Willibrand factor levels were all within normal limits. She had a vitamin C level of 0.1mg/dl. She was subsequently advised to increase vitamin C intake through fruits and vegetable and was started on vitamin C supplementation with 500mg twice a day for four weeks. Her repeat vitamin C level on her one month follow up was noted to be 1.9mg/dl. She noticed complete resolution of her symptoms. This case illustrates the fact that vitamin C deficiency should be excluded in adults presenting with bruising. It also offers a supplementation regimen that resulted in improvement of clinical symptoms as well as laboratory value normalization. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Splenectomy attenuates the inappropriate diuresis associated with tumor necrosis factor administration

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important mediator of the systemic response to gram-negative sepsis and endotoxemia. We studied the renal effects of a sublethal TNF infusion in dogs (0.54 = 10(5) international units per kilogram of body weight during a six hour period). The TNF-infused dogs (n = 4) had marked polyuria and natriuresis in comparison with those in the control group (n = 12) (urine output, 35.3 +/- 4.1 versus 3.7 +/- 0.5 millimeters per kilogram per six hours p less than 0.01; sodium excretion, 2.82 +/- 0.27 versus 0.75 +/- 0.19, p less than 0.01). To evaluate the role of the spleen in this response, seven dogs that had splenectomy were infused with TNF. Splenectomy abolished both the polyuria and the natriuresis; this could not be explained by the differences in fluid balance or in hemodynamic or metabolic alterations. Treatment with ibuprofen given intravenously (12.5 milligrams per kilogram 40 minutes before and three hours after the beginning of TNF infusion) in eight dogs that did not undergo splenectomy also abolished these renal effects. Prostaglandin 2 (PGE2) concentrations in selected blood samples from the splenic vein did not increase with TNF infusion, excluding circulating PGE2 as a possible mediator of the renal effects. The results of these studies indicate that, during septic challenge or severe inflammation, the spleen participates in signaling the kidney to increase water and sodium excretion. These renal events are mediated through the cyclo-oxygenase pathway.
Inconsequence of membrane choice in acute renal failure

The choice of hemodialysis membrane in acute renal failure has caused a heated debate, principally because of the dogmatism with which the results of preliminary clinical studies have been translated into prescription dictum. The issue, however, is not merely the limitations of these two studies, but rather the shift in emphasis they may have engendered in the approach to dialytic therapy in acute renal failure. Dogmatism based on limited or flawed data does not serve the interests of our patients, and the issue of hemodialysis in acute renal failure is far more complex than the exaggerated importance of membrane choice.
Outpatient Management and Follow-Up of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

In this well-detailed article, the authors describe their long-term approach to the problems associated with BPD and illustrate the frequency of some of these problems in their clinical population. Special consideration is given to the needs of the infant and family for ongoing care at home and in the follow-up clinic setting.
Solar Power Prediction for Smart Community Microgrid

Urban areas host more than 50% of the world's populations, are responsible for 75% of energy consumption in the world, and they emit almost 80% of global carbon dioxide. There is an urgent need to develop "low carbon" cities that are smart and efficient and use renewable energy to foster the growth of the green economy. Smart grids are being developed to tackle these challenges through integration of renewable and green energy as well as energy efficiency. They are moving toward a concept of networked microgrids. Microgrids will enable the integration of distributed renewable energy such as roof top solar panels within smart city communities. For these microgrids to operate reliably and efficiently, prediction algorithms are a significant because of the fluctuation of solar energy and its dependence on weather. Prediction of energy is a component of microgrids energy management systems to optimize their operation. This paper presents a machine learning based algorithm, which learns a regression tree model with time of the day and humidity as main parameters. The regression tree model presents a promising accuracy. This work shows that solar panel prediction in Houston is heavily dependent on humidity of the region.
mDebugger: Assessing and Diagnosing the Fidelity and Yield of Mobile Sensor Data

Mobile sensor data collected in the natural environment are subject to numerous sources of data loss and quality deterioration. This may be due to degradation in attachment, change in placement, battery depletion, wireless interference, or movement artifacts. Identifying and fixing the major sources of data loss is critical to ensuring high data yield from mobile sensors. This chapter describes a systematic approach for identifying the major sources of data loss that can then be used to improve mobile sensor data yield.
Incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Adverse Events Associated With Pneumocystis Prophylaxis in Children Receiving Glucocorticoids.

Background Antimicrobial prophylaxis is indicated to prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in profoundly immunosuppressed children. The incidence of PJP infection in children with chronic glucocorticoid exposure is unknown, and PJP prophylaxis has been associated with adverse events. We hypothesized that PJP infection is rare in children without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), cancer, or a transplant history who are using chronic glucocorticoids and that those exposed to PJP prophylaxis are more likely to experience a cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction or myelosuppression than unexposed patients. Methods This study involved a retrospective cohort from the Clinformatics Data Mart Database (OptumInsight, Eden Prairie, MN). We identified patients ≤18 years of age who received at least 2 prescriptions for a systemic glucocorticoid within a 60-day period and excluded patients with a history of PJP infection, an oncologic diagnosis, transplant, or HIV/AIDS. PJP prophylaxis exposure was identified by using national drug codes. Cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction or myelosuppression was identified by using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (ICD-9), codes. We used a discrete time-failure model to examine the association between exposure and outcome. Results We identified 119399 children on glucocorticoids, 10% of whom received PJP prophylaxis. The incidences of PJP were 0.61 and 0.53 per 10000 patient-years in children exposed and those unexposed to PJP prophylaxis, respectively. In a multivariable model, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was associated with cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction (odds ratio, 3.20; 95% confidence interval, 2.62-3.92) and myelosuppression (odds ratio, 1.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.20). Conclusions PJP infection was rare in children using glucocorticoids chronically, and PJP prophylaxis-associated cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions and myelosuppression are more common. The use of PJP chemoprophylaxis in children without HIV/AIDS, cancer, or a transplant history who are taking glucocorticoids chronically should be considered carefully.
Biomimetic intrafibrillar silicification of collagen fibrils through a one-step collagen self-assembly/silicification approach

Inspired by the silicification process in nature, intrafibrillar silicified collagen fibrils were successfully fabricated using a biomimetic one-step collagen self-assembly/silicification approach, in which collagen self-assembly and intrafibrillar silicification occurred simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that intrafibrillar silicified collagen fibrils were formed via a one-step simultaneous approach, where collagen fibrils served as a templating matrix, and poly(allylamine) hydrochloride and sodium tripolyphosphate acted as the respective positive and negative analogs of zwitterionic proteins. By tailoring zwitterionic proteins analogs, silicified collagen fibrils with different microstructures, including core–shell, twisted and banded structures, were achieved. The intrafibrillar silicified collagen fibrils demonstrated significant improvement in osteoblast proliferation compared with apatite mineralized collagen fibrils. These findings open a new avenue for preparation of silicon-containing hierarchical biocomposites for biomedical needs.
Narrative skills in two languages of Mandarin–English bilingual children

AbstractPurpose: Narrative skills between Mandarin and English in Mandarin–English (ME) bilingual children were compared, exploring cross-linguistic interactions of these skills, and influences of ...
Malice Domestic: The Cambridge Analytica Dystopia

Partisan consultancies like Cambridge Analytica that use data analytics to sway the electorate rely on social network users’ participation in their own psychological manipulation.
Trichothecenes in wheat: Methodology, occurrence and human exposure risk

Abstract A QuEChERS extraction purification method for the simultaneous determination of type B trichothecenes deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (ADONS) and nivalenol (NIV) in wheat grain samples was standardized and validated using quantitation by HPLC-UV. To standard the extraction of mycotoxins, the phase separation and clean-up steps of the method were evaluated. The method was proved to be suitable for the determination of trichothecenes in wheat, and DON was detected in 19 of the 20 samples analyzed, its concentration ranging from 163.48 to 1590.69 μg kg−1. The co-occurrence of DON and ADONS was also observed in nine samples, and one sample showed the co-occurrence of DON and NIV. According to the bioaccessibility study, 79% of DON and 85% of ADONS becomes available for absorption into the body. The ingestion risk of DON and ADONS was 2.0 and 0.39 μg kg−1 of body weight per day by consumption of wheat, respectively.
Longitudinal Equations of Motion

This chapter presents the longitudinal equations of motion. The equations of motion for the rotary wing aircraft are Newton's law applied to the six degrees of freedom, as in the case of the fixed-wing aircraft. They contain inertia, gravity, and aerodynamic forces, and they are usually stated in terms of small perturbations from a trim condition, so that they are linear and can be solved analytically. It is assumed that fore-and-aft and vertical translations, and angular pitching motions are neither coupled with sideways translation nor with rolling and yawing. In general, this is valid only for small perturbations and a true plane of symmetry, but it approximately applies for most rotary-wing aircraft.
The role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the role of insulin in the pathogenesis of diabetes in man. The situation is clearest in patients classified as having chemical diabetes. These individuals are not insulin deficient—their plasma insulin response to an oral glucose load is in absolute terms at least equal to that of normal individuals at all time intervals measured. Insulin is not as effective in promoting glucose uptake in these patients as in normal subjects. Insulin resistance exists in diabetics, and hyperglycemia in these patients cannot result solely because of a lack of insulin. The cause of the insulin resistance is theoretically because of secretion of abnormal forms of insulin, circulating insulin antagonists, or cellular unresponsiveness to the action of insulin. These issues are the focus of extensive investigation in many laboratories.
Do-not-resuscitate status: conflict and culture brokering in critical care units.

Objective To describe the conflict that occurs during the process of consenting to do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status and the strategies used by critical care nurses to attempt to prevent, minimize, and/or resolve these conflicts. Design Grounded theory study. Subjects Twenty-two critical care nurses practicing in upstate New York in urban and rural, profit and nonprofit hospitals. Method Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were used to collect data. The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. The transcribed data were analyzed with the continuous comparative method of grounded theory. Categories were identified and linked to a core category: conflict. Results Conflict occurred during the process of consenting to DNR status. Two major categories of conflict were intrapersonal (inner conflict in coming to terms with a DNR-status decision) and interpersonal (conflict that took place between individuals involved in consenting to a DNR status). Intrapersonal conflict occurred while determining the appropriateness of DNR for the patient and coming to terms with the meaning of DNR status. Interpersonal conflict occurred between family members, patients, and staff. Nurses descriptions of their role were reflective of a culture broker framework incorporating advocacy, negotiation, mediation, and sensitivity to patients' and families' needs. Conclusions Critical care nurses play an active role in assisting patients and families with DNR-status decisions. To better understand the process of consenting to DNR status, additional studies need to focus on the experiences of patients, families, and other health care providers.
Increased placental T cell trafficking results in adverse neurobehavioral outcomes in offspring exposed to sub-chronic maternal inflammation.

Abstract Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is a cytokine mediator of perinatal brain injury. The effect of sub-chronic systemic IL-1β exposure in perinatal and offspring outcomes is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of maternal IL-1β exposure on pregnancy and offspring outcomes. At E15, CD1 dams were allocated to receive intraperitoneal injection of phosphate buffered saline or mouse recombinant IL-1β (1 mcg) for four consecutive days. We analyzed pup survival and neurobehavioral status. At E18, placental H&E staining and fetal brain Nissl staining was performed. Placental gene expression was analyzed by qPCR and T cell infiltration was analyzed by flow cytometry. Effects of inflammation on feto-placental blood flow were analyzed by Doppler ultrasonography. IL-1β decreased pup survival (P
Blood endotyping distinguishes the profile of vitiligo from that of other inflammatory and autoimmune skin diseases.

Background Peripheral blood skin-homing/cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)+ T cells emerge as biomarkers of cutaneous immune activation in patients with inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis [AD] and alopecia areata [AA]). However, blood phenotyping across these subsets is not yet available in patients with vitiligo. Objective We sought to measure cytokine production by circulating skin-homing (CLA+) versus systemic (CLA−) "polar" CD4+/CD8+ ratio and activated T-cell subsets in patients with vitiligo compared with patients with AA, AD, or psoriasis and control subjects. Methods Flow cytometry was used to measure levels of the cytokines IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-9, IL-17, and IL-22 in CD4+/CD8+ T cells in the blood of 19 patients with moderate-to-severe nonsegmental/generalized vitiligo, moderate-to-severe AA (n = 32), psoriasis (n = 24), or AD (n = 43) and control subjects (n = 30). Unsupervised clustering differentiated subjects into groups based on cellular frequencies. Results Patients with Vitiligo showed the highest CLA+/CLA− TH1/type 1 cytotoxic T-cell polarization, with parallel TH2/TH9/TH17/TH22 level increases to levels often greater than those seen in patients with AA, AD, or psoriasis (P Conclusions Vitiligo is characterized by a multicytokine polarization among circulating skin-homing and systemic subsets, which differentiates it from other inflammatory/autoimmune skin diseases. Future targeted therapies should delineate the relative contribution of each cytokine axis to disease perpetuation.
Descriptive Analysis of the Interactive Patterning of the Vocalization Subsystems in Healthy Participants: A Dynamic Systems Perspective

Purpose Normative data for many objective voice measures are routinely used in clinical voice assessment; however, normative data reflect vocal output, but not vocalization process. The underlying ...
Enhancing Curriculum Syllabi and Frameworks: Catechetical, Cognitive, and Affective Principles

This chapter proposes a theoretical basis for the design and analysis of Catholic high school religious education curricula in Catholic schools. It is based in the Catholic school experience in the United States context which is similar to, but also distinct from, other Catholic school contexts.
Deportation Decisions: Judicial Decision-Making in an American Immigration Court:

Drawing on ethnographic observations and informal conversations with judges in Dallas Immigration Court, as well as archival documents, this article describes two approaches through which judges in...
2‐amino‐4‐oxo‐6‐substituted‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pynmidines as potential inhibitors of thymidylate synthase

Classical, antifolate inhibitors of thymidylate synthase often suffer from a number of potential disadvantages when used as antitumor agents. These include impaired uptake due to an alteration of the active transport system required for cellular uptake, as well as the formation of long acting, non-effluxing polygluta-mates via folypolyglutamate synthetase, which are responsible for toxicity to normal cells. To overcome some of the disadvantages of classical thymidylate synthase inhibitors, there has been considerable interest in the synthesis and evaluation of nonclassical inhibitors, which could enter cells via passive diffusion and are not substrates for folypolyglutamate synthetase. A series of eight nonclassical 6-substituted 2-amino-4-oxo-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines 2a-2h were designed as potential inhibitors of thymidylate synthase. The synthesis of the target compounds 2a-2h was achieved via regioselective iodination at the 6-position of 5, palladium-catalyzed coupling with the appropriate phenylacetylenes, reduction of the C8-C9 triple bond followed by saponification. Preliminary biological results indicated that none of the target compounds showed inhibitory activities against thymidylate synthase from Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus casei, rat or human thymidylate synthase at the concentrations tested. None of the target compounds showed inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus casei, rat or human at 3.0 × 10−5 M. However, 50% inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase from Pneumocystis carinii and from Toxoplasma gondii was achieved with compound 2d and with compound 2g at 3.0 × 10−5 M.
Federal Roles in Education and Training in the Indoor Air Sciences

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Indoor Environments Division, which prior to 1995 was two distinct Divisions, the Radon Division and the Indoor Air Division, has played several different roles in the development and dissemination of education and training courses in the indoor air sciences. In this paper, three case studies are presented which illustrate these differing roles: Government as developer and disseminator of a training course; Government as developer of a training course and facilitator of its dissemination by others; and Government as catalyst by which others develop and disseminate a training course.
Awareness and use of e-cigarettes among urban residents in China.

Introduction The long-term health effects of e-cigarettes are uncertain, and data on e-cigarette use among Chinese adults are limited. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of e-cigarette awareness and use among urban residents in China. Data came from the China City Adult Tobacco Survey (CCATS), a city-representative household survey conducted using electronic tablets during 2013-2014 in 14 major Chinese cities. Methods CCATS used multistage geographically clustered samples with standardized survey protocols and questionnaire to ensure data comparability. Overall, 31151 adults completed the survey, with sample size varying from 1977 to 3838 across cities, and survey response rates ranging from 79.8% to 97.5%. Respondents were considered current e-cigarette users if they self-reported using e-cigarettes 'daily' or 'less than daily' at the time of the survey. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were conducted. Assessed correlates included: age, education, quit attempts in past 12 months, cigarettes smoked per day, and monthly expenditures on cigarettes. Results Overall, 46.7% of respondents were aware of e-cigarettes, 2.9% ever used, and 0.8% currently used. Most current e-cigarette users (93.0%) also currently smoked tobacco. Among male current tobacco smokers, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of current e-cigarette use was higher among those aged 15-29 (AOR=2.5; 95% CI: 1.5-4.3) or 30-49 (AOR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.0-3.4) than those ≥50 years; those who attempted to quit in the past 12 months than those who did not (AOR=4.7; 95% CI: 2.2-10.1); those with a college degree (AOR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.9-6.2) or just finished high school (AOR=2.2; 95% CI: 1.2-4.2) than those who did not finish high school; and those who smoked ≥15 cigarettes per day (AOR=2.8; 95% CI: 1.4-5.6) than those who smoked fewer. Conclusions These findings reveal that during 2013-2014, many urban Chinese adults were aware of e-cigarettes, while use was relatively low and most current users also smoked tobacco. Continued monitoring of e-cigarettes could help inform public health policy, planning, and practice.
Management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-mediated ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Prevention strategies and clinical management of methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in ventilated patients who develop ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are important. Since MRSA are the most frequently isolated bacteria in patients with VAP, and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in intubated patients, rapid diagnosis and early treatment could reduce mortality. This review will examine preventive steps (i.e. screening ventilated patients for MRSA, decolonization, and hand washing), assessing clinical presentations before the results of culture are obtained to direct empiric treatment, and the appropriate antibiotic therapy upon culture confirmation of MRSA that could help in the management of VAP.
“Meditate, Don’t Medicate!” an Analysis of Addict Rap, Black Men’s Social Issues, and J. Cole’s K.O.D. Album

Historically, drugs authenticated and created hip-hop, as the overuse of drugs was used to validate a drug consumption subculture known as “addict rap.” As a rap subgenre, addict rap illustrates de...
Improving Effectiveness of Constraints Removal in Construction Planning Meetings: Information-Theoretic Approach

AbstractTimely identification and removal of constraints is critical for improving workflow reliability. Construction project managers need to spend a significant amount of working time in various ...
Digital Textile Printing with Laser Engraving: Surface Contour Modification and Color Properties

This research combines two digital technologies for customizing textile substrates: carbon dioxide (CO2) laser treatment and digital textile printing. They are highly versatile surface design technologies that provide great detail, enhance design flexibility, and meet the growing consumer demand for novelty and variety in apparel and textile designs. One of the most important aesthetic effects of combining those technologies is the potential to influence the color properties of digitally printed textile materials by laser treating the material surface before printing. The objective of this research is to determine if creating pile height variation by laser engraving cotton velvet fabric prior to digital inkjet printing can impact the resulting color. Because color yield depends on the surface in contact with the dye, a pile fabric (cotton velvet) was selected for this investigation. To develop samples, laser engraving was conducted to create pile height variance before printing using a 40W CO2 laser machine. The laser settings were held constant with 100% speed, 55% power and 400 dots per inch resolution. Laser intensity was controlled by using 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% grayscale patterns to modify pile height and surface contour of velvet. Higher intensities remove more of the surface pile. After laser treatment, seven solid cyan, magenta, yellow, black, red, green, and blue colored stripes were printed with a reactive dye ink printer. After sample development, the color properties of the fabrics were measured by using a spectrophotometer with D65 daylight and 10° standard observer. Reflectance curves, C*, ΔEcmc, K/S values were obtained and interpreted to compare color consistency depending on pile height variation. According to the results, pile height variation was demonstrated to cause a measurable effect on color results in inkjet printing using instrumental measures.
LOCALIZED RIGHT ATRIAL TAMPONADE POST CABG

Pericardial tamponade is associated with high mortality. It requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid fatal outcomes. A 78 year old male underwent CABG for multivessel CAD. Few days post-op he developed respiratory distress and hypotension which required vasopressors. Due to persistent
A comparison of data quality using quartz vs. sapphire cell windows in analytical ultracentrifugation

Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) cells use either quartz or sapphire windows as end caps for the cell housing. Current generation sapphire windows are not recommended for absorbance data collection below 235 nm, because the window material shows a precipitous drop in transmittance at low wavelengths due to impurities in the sapphire. Quartz windows can be used below 235 nm as they do not exhibit adverse transmittance at low wavelengths. In this study, we demonstrate the optical properties of new generation sapphire windows and compare them to those of quartz windows across a wide range of wavelengths and present the results of sedimentation velocity experiments on BSA using both types of windows using data collected at both the 280 nm absorbance maxima as well as the 230–240 nm (closer to the peptide bond maximum). Our results show that the quartz and new generation sapphire windows deliver identical results in absorbance mode. We also demonstrate that quartz windows suffer significant mechanical deformation while spinning at very high speeds, while sapphire windows do not. This renders Rayleigh interference mode data collected at high speeds using quartz windows much noisier than with sapphire windows—which we have quantified by measuring how the signal to noise ratio of Fourier transformed Rayleigh interference scans degrades at high speed. Thus, we conclude that new-generation sapphire windows can be used for all AUC experiments through almost the entire mid UV range—obviating the need for quartz windows, unless wavelengths below 220 nm must be accessed.
Analysis of Insulation Margin of UHV AC Transformer at Low Temperature

As the developing of UHV project, the environmental factors put forward much higher requirements for the design, operation and maintenance of UHV AC transformer. The lowest temperature in winter of northern area in our country can reach −40° C, in order to study its influence on insulation margin of transformer, the changing rules of dielectric parameters of each material in transformer at low temperature have been tested in this paper. And its effect on the distribution of electric field in main insulation has been analyzed by simulation method. Eventually, the change of insulation margin of main insulation in transformer at different temperature has also been calculated. The research results show that the relatively dielectric constant of oil increases linearly with the decrease of temperature, and that of oil-impregnated pressboard decreases exponentially on the contrary. Nevertheless, their breakdown strength shows the same trend of falling firstly and then rising as the temperature increasing, and reaches the valley value at −10°C, which is more serious for oil. Moreover, the simulation result shows that the electric field distribution transfers to oil in oil-paper insulation system, and insulation margin decreases firstly and then increases as the temperature decreasing, which also reaches the minimum value at −10°C. Considering the dielectric characteristic, it can be concluded the electric field distribution, especially the insulation margin of oil in compound insulation should be confirmed at −10°C during the design process of transformer.
Experimental test of a predicted dynamics–structure–thermodynamics connection in molecularly complex glass-forming liquids

Understanding in a unified manner the generic and chemically specific aspects of activated dynamics in diverse glass-forming liquids over 14 or more decades in time is a grand challenge in condensed matter physics, physical chemistry, and materials science and engineering. Large families of conceptually distinct models have postulated a causal connection with qualitatively different "order parameters" including various measures of structure, free volume, thermodynamic properties, short or intermediate time dynamics, and mechanical properties. Construction of a predictive theory that covers both the noncooperative and cooperative activated relaxation regimes remains elusive. Here, we test using solely experimental data a recent microscopic dynamical theory prediction that although activated relaxation is a spatially coupled local-nonlocal event with barriers quantified by local pair structure, it can also be understood based on the dimensionless compressibility via an equilibrium statistical mechanics connection between thermodynamics and structure. This prediction is found to be consistent with observations on diverse fragile molecular liquids under isobaric and isochoric conditions and provides a different conceptual view of the global relaxation map. As a corollary, a theoretical basis is established for the structural relaxation time scale growing exponentially with inverse temperature to a high power, consistent with experiments in the deeply supercooled regime. A criterion for the irrelevance of collective elasticity effects is deduced and shown to be consistent with viscous flow in low-fragility inorganic network-forming melts. Finally, implications for relaxation in the equilibrated deep glass state are briefly considered.
Post-Identification Approaches to Addressing Health-Related Social Needs in Primary Care: A Qualitative Study

Social determinants of health play a fundamental role in a patient’s health status. In recent years, health systems across the nation have implemented numerous strategies aimed at identifying and addressing the health-related social needs of the patients they serve. Despite the influx of peer-reviewed research highlighting outcomes of specific health-related social needs interventions, the spectrum of practices utilized by primary care clinics has not been established. To determine the range of ways primary care clinics address health-related social needs after identification and initial contact with a frontline staff person is completed. We conducted 12 semi-structured, in-person interviews with staff from purposively sampled clinics. If the interview included more than one staff person, all participants were interviewed together. Twenty-one administrative staff and frontline clinic personnel with experience in 24 separate primary care clinics in the Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota metropolitan area. Interviews focused on the range of health-related social needs processes utilized by clinics, including staff titles, referral procedures, and barriers to addressing needs. Interview recordings were transcribed and coded using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis identified variation in four key areas involving how clinics address patients’ health-related social needs after identification and initial contact by frontline staff: clinic personnel involved in addressing needs, clinic referral processes, “resource” and “success” definitions, and barriers to accessing community-based supports. This study describes the large variation in primary care clinic practices to address health-related social needs after they are identified. The results suggest challenges to standardization and real-world application of previously published studies. Our findings also highlight the opportunity for improved relationships between health systems and community-based agencies.
Personalized feedback improves cardiovascular risk perception and physical activity levels in persons with HIV: results of a pilot randomized clinical trial.

People with HIV (PWH) have an elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with the general population. This study examined the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of a t...