cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The 52-Week High And The January Effect

The predictive power of past returns for January reversal is compared with that of the nearness of current prices to the 52-week high. When compared jointly, past returns lose their forecasting power for January returns and the nearness of current prices to the 52-week high assumes the dominant role in explaining the January reversal. This suggests that tax-loss selling is not the primary factor explaining the January effect. A behavioral explanation consistent with the window-dressing argument is proposed in that the 52-week high acts as an “anchor,” a highly visible reference price to fund holders, increasing fund managers’ incentives to window-dress by temporarily adding (removing) stocks that are perceived by fund holders as good (bad) investments, based on the nearness of these stocks’ current prices to the 52-week high.
Rubber Chemicals Derived from Conjugate Addition. I. Syntheses of Novel 2-Thio-5-Amino Substituted Benzoquinones

Abstract Alkylthio-substituted benzoquinones were prepared from benzoquinone and mercaptans in 50–94% yields via NaIO4 oxidation of the intermediate hydroquinones. Subsequent addition of primary and secondary amines, in the presence of air as an oxidizing agent, gave a range of 2-thio-5-amino-substituted benzoquinones. No oxidation at sulfur was detected under the described conditions.
Cardiac Repair Following Infarction

Scar tissue that appears following myocardial infarction (MI) consists of persistent, metabolically active and contractile myoFb that reside within its fibrillar collagen scaffolding nourished by a neovascular network. Understanding the evolution and maturation of this tissue, including the architecture of its fibrillar collagen scaffolding and the composition and behavior its vascular network, will be essential if today’s interest in rebuilding the infarcted heart is to prove successful. Whether by the grafting of exogenous cardiomyocytes, derived from fetal heart muscle cells or stem cells, or by the homing and transdifferentiation of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells into cardiomyocytes, rebuilt myocardium must ultimately consist of anatomically appropriate, viable and functional myocardial tissue. Such “tissue engineering” will take place in the interstices of the living infarct scar. When and how best to accomplish this goal should prove interesting challenges.
Nonbinary Stabilizer Codes

Recently, the field of quantum error-correcting codes has rapidly emerged as an important discipline. As quantum information is extremely sensitive to noise, it seems unlikely that any large scale quantum computation is feasible without quantum error-correction. In
Communicated commitment and conversational voice: Abbreviated measures of communicative strategies for maintaining organization-public relationships

ABSTRACTGuided by relationship theory, this study develops and tests abbreviated operational definitions of communicated commitment and conversational voice as communicative strategies in maintaining organization-public relationships (OPRs). Researchers first identified 25 relational maintenance items from 12 prior published studies. Then surveying three independent subsamples of an organization’s key public (N = 1,169), the distilled list revealed two univariate concepts measured with a total of 11 items. The shorter scales make the measurement and evaluation of communication online and real-world activities more accessible and manageable for practitioners and academics focused on organization-public relationships.
Microring photodetection in silicon photonic integrated circuits

A tunable microring resonator (MRR) with active p- and n-type doped regions is used for photodetection in photonic integrated circuits. We compare results of this device with that of an integrated Ge-photodetector (PD) connected to the MRR drop-port. A circuit containing both devices was designed and experimentally characterized. This device is an attractive alternative for applications such as a thermal compensation building block as well as sensor applications.
A Thermodynamic Insight on Dissociation Pathways of Chlorinated AlkylSulfides: Computational Quantum

Organophosphorus compounds are widely used in the manufacturing industry and pyrolysis is most commonly used for their destruction. These compounds dissociate in to chlorinated alkyl sulfides and further dissociate in to toxic products. This study describes a computational approach to determine the pathways of dissociation of these compounds. Several pathways were examined and energy level diagrams were presented for each of the possible dissociation pathways. There is no information available on these pathways in literature and this study reduces the knowledge gap. Geometry optimizations were performed for the parent molecules, transition states and the dissociation products. This study suggested that using higher basis sets is better compared to using modest basis sets for energy calculations for chlorinated compounds.
The Mineral Collection of Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan

CRANBROOK INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE IS A NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM located on the Defiance Moraine 25 miles northwest of downtown Detroit in southeast Michigan and attracts approximately 175,000 visitors p...
Mechanism of Flavoprotein l-6-Hydroxynicotine Oxidase: pH and Solvent Isotope Effects and Identification of Key Active Site Residues

The flavoenzyme l-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase is a member of the monoamine oxidase family that catalyzes the oxidation of (S)-6-hydroxynicotine to 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine during microbial catabolism of nicotine. While the enzyme has long been understood to catalyze oxidation of the carbon–carbon bond, it has recently been shown to catalyze oxidation of a carbon–nitrogen bond [Fitzpatrick, P. F., et al. (2016) Biochemistry 55, 697–703]. The effects of pH and mutagenesis of active site residues have now been utilized to study the mechanism and roles of active site residues. Asn166 and Tyr311 bind the substrate, while Lys287 forms a water-mediated hydrogen bond with flavin N5. The N166A and Y311F mutations result in ∼30- and ∼4-fold decreases in kcat/Km and kred for (S)-6-hydroxynicotine, respectively, with larger effects on the kcat/Km value for (S)-6-hydroxynornicotine. The K287M mutation results in ∼10-fold decreases in these parameters and a 6000-fold decrease in the kcat/Km value for oxygen. The shapes...
Psychiatric Genomic Dilemmas In Adolescence

Abstract Advances in genetics, data analysis technologies, and the practice of precision medicine are slowly entering the field of psychiatry and raise hopes for better diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of psychiatric disorders. As genetic testing for predispositions to and diagnosis of psychiatric disorders is developed, children may be a particular target group. Studies indicate that parents desire to learn all about their children’s genetic make-up–primarily out of a sense of responsibility to care for their children but also due to curiosity–and that testing laboratories and pharmaceutical companies are already invested in marketing their products in this area. Use of genetic tests in children may be motivated further by the fact that many psychiatric conditions begin in childhood and adolescence, although the social, healthcare, and income costs associated with psychiatric disorders endure well beyond childhood. However, the prospect of psychiatric genetic testing of children, especially asymptomatic children in research settings, and return of secondary genomic findings to them and their families raise unique dilemmas. How should we balance parents’ informational interests and children’s right (not) to know? What should the response be to genetic results indicating predispositions to psychiatric conditions (e.g., schizophrenia, substance use disorders)? Should the answers to these questions turn on the availability of effective preventive measures? And who should decide? These challenges are exacerbated for adolescents (ages >13), who are legal minors but whose decision making capacity can often resemble that of adults. The unique characteristics of adolescence further pull the discussion in two conflicting directions. On the one hand, adolescents are engaged in a search for individual identity, in planning for the future, and in individuating from their families, which suggest the value of granting them greater control over decisions regarding genetic testing. On the other hand, adolescents often manifest greater impulsivity and tendencies to engage in risky behaviors and to be influenced by peer pressure, which suggest that their decision-making capacity may be compromised. This may have particular implications for psychiatry: studies suggest that the majority of teens with substance abuse issues began using drugs or alcohol as a result of peer pressure, and that the use of such substances increases the risk for other psychiatric conditions (e.g., schizophrenia). Whether adolescents would resist such pressures in light of psychiatric genetic testing results is unknown, but important to explore. This presentation will review existing studies relating to the psychiatric genetic testing of adolescents and consider the ethical and social challenges that arise, in particular: adolescents’ preferred decision-making roles; types of primary and secondary genomic findings to be returned; impact of psychiatric genetic knowledge on the adoption of prevention measures; and genomic privacy among family members. In addition, suggestions for future research will be considered.
Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain ’s Denial of Player Expectations: The War Game that Isn’t

This chapter explores the means by which The Phantom Pain initially appears poised to be another offering in the military-style shooter genre, exemplified in the game’s marketing materials, only to present players with a much different and unexpected set of realities. While the game contains the hallmarks of the shooter genre, including the ability to obtain an arsenal of sophisticated weapons and having the option to use lethal force to overcome all enemy forces, it instead privileges a stealth, or non-lethal playthrough. Indeed, excessive violence on the part of the player eventually alters the main character Snake’s physical appearance, making him look like something akin to a demon. The Phantom Pain, through its denial of expectations, instead compels the player to consider the ramifications of violence and bloodshed rather than allowing him or her to revel in them.
MULTI-platform uas imaging for crop height estimation: Performance analysis over an experimental maize field

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) imagery-based crop height measurements are usually determined by mean of canopy height models (CHMs) without describing specific metrics in detail. In this paper, a crop height estimation method was proposed based on UAS imagery: 1) the centerline for each crop row was determined first on the CHM raster, 2) row polygons were then drawn according to the centerlines and predefined width. The length of each polygon depends on the actual row length, and 3) the percentile height was computed by using the signals in each delineated polygon from the CHM raster. In this method, the polygon width is adjustable in accordance with appearance and shape of different types of crops. The study was conducted over an experimental maize field using multiple UAS platforms and cameras at the Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Corpus Christi, TX, during the growing season in 2016. The results showed that different platforms can recover canopy height in a similar pattern using structure-from-motion photogrammetry while the height statistical results differed in scale at the maize field due to different camera resolution and flight altitude.
Disease and Symptom Care: A Focus on Specific Needs of Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) often deal with short- and long-term side effects of the treatment and disease sequelae. Reasons for inadequately managed symptoms are multifactorial (e.g., the patient may fear treatment interruption, the clinician does not assess or address the symptoms) and can affect patients' ability to remain on the recommended treatment. This article provides background surrounding this supplement's development and describes the importance of symptom assessment and management. .
Surgical approach, cost, and complications of appendectomy in kidney transplant recipients.

Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have greater morbidity and length of stay (LOS) following certain surgical procedures than non-KTR. Given that appendectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures, we investigated differences in outcomes between 1336 KTR and 2 640 247 non-KTR postappendectomy at transplant and nontransplant centers in the United States from 2000 to 2011, using NIS data and adjusting for patient-level and hospital-level factors. Postoperative complications were identified using ICD-9 codes. Among KTR, there were no post-appendectomy in-hospital deaths, compared to a 0.2% in non-KTR (P = .5). Overall complications were similar among KTR and non-KTR (17.0% vs 11.6%; aOR:0.77 1.121.61 ). LOS and costs were greater for KTR compared to non-KTR (LOS ratio 1.19 1.311.45 ; cost ratio 1.11 1.171.26 ). Only 44.8% of KTR had laparoscopic approach compared to 54.5% of non-KTR, but had similar complication rates (10.6 vs 8.7%, P = .5). When treated at transplant centers, KTR had similar complications (aOR 0.44 0.791.43 ), but longer LOS (ratio 1.21 1.371.55 ) and greater hospital-associated costs (ratio 1.19 1.291.41 ) than non-KTR. Conversely, at nontransplant centers, KTR and non-KTR had similar complications (aOR 0.75 1.232.0 ), LOS (ratio 0.84 0.961.09 ), and cost (ratio 0.93 1.011.10 ). Contrary to other procedures, KTR did not constitute a high-risk group for patients undergoing appendectomy.
Comparison of Remission and Lupus Low Disease Activity State in Damage Prevention in a United States Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Cohort.

OBJECTIVE One objective in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity is to reduce long-term rates of organ damage. We undertook this study to analyze data from a large clinical SLE cohort to compare patients achieving different levels of disease activity with respect to rates of long-term damage. METHODS We analyzed data from 1,356 SLE patients in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort, followed up quarterly, with 77,105 person-months observed from 1987 to 2016. Three outcome measures were considered: clinical remission with no treatment, clinical remission on treatment, and lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS). RESULTS Patients achieved LLDAS in 50% of their follow-up months. They achieved clinical remission with no treatment or clinical remission on treatment in only 13% and 27%, respectively, of their follow-up visits. The rates of damage consistently declined with increased percentage of prior time in either LLDAS or clinical remission on treatment. Spending a short proportion of prior time (<25%) in clinical remission on treatment was associated with a relatively low rate of damage compared to never achieving that condition (1.01 events per 10 person-years versus 1.82 events per 10 person-years; rate ratio 0.54, P < 0.0001). Those patients who experienced LLDAS at least 50% of the time had relatively low rates of damage (rate ratio 0.39-0.47, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION LLDAS is an easier target to achieve than clinical remission on treatment and results in reduced risk of long-term damage. However, even a small percentage of time in clinical remission on treatment was associated with reduced damage.
Roughage level and limited maximum intake regimens for feedlot steers.

Hereford steers (n = 280, BW = 371 +/- 29 kg; 40 pens) were used to evaluate two alternatives to ad libitum access to feed and constant roughage levels in finishing diets. The eight treatments were as follows: two treatments in which intake was limited to a multiple of the maintenance (MM) energy requirement (2.1, 2.3, 2.5, and 2.7, [2.7MM] and 2.3, 2.5, 2.7, and 2.9 [2.9MM] times maintenance for wk 1, 2, 3, and 4 and thereafter, respectively) and six roughage regimen and grain source treatments (10% roughage equivalent [RE] fed during the mid- and late-finishing periods [10/10], respectively, 2% RE followed by 10% RE [2/10], and 10% RE followed by 2% RE [10/2] fed with steam-flaked sorghum grain [SFSG] or whole-shelled corn [WSC]). The 2.7MM treatment tended to improve ADG (6%, P = .08) and gain efficiency (4%, P = .15) relative to ad libitum access to feed. The 2.9MM treatment was intermediate. Steers fed WSC diets consumed approximately 12% more DM (9.2 vs 8.2 kg/d) and gained 4% more (1.45 vs 1.39 kg/d, P .2) affect gain efficiency but did reduce roughage use (48 kg) compared with the 10/10 regimen. The 10/2 regimen did not differ (P > .2) from the 10/10 regimen. Few differences in carcass characteristics were noted among treatments. Roughage use and cost of gain can be reduced by feeding 2% roughage during the mid-finishing period followed by a return to 10% roughage.
Role of magnesia and silica in alumina microstructure evolution

The effects of MgO and SiO2 additive distributions on alumina grain morphology have been characterized using high-resolution imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (HRI-SIMS). In alumina samples singly-doped with MgO, the concentration of Mg segregated to grain boundaries is independent of grain boundary length for a majority of grain boundaries studied. Mg segregant therefore redistributes from grain boundaries to microstructural sinks, such as pores and/or second phases, during grain coarsening. In samples singly-doped with SiO2, abnormal grain growth develops and the concentration of Si at grain boundaries is also independent of grain boundary length. Redistribution of segregants is again necessary in this case to maintain constant grain boundary composition. Codoping with Mg/Si > 1 suppresses abnormal grain growth as a result of increased mutual solid solubility of both ions and an associated decrease in grain boundary segregation. Grain growth kinetics for doped aluminas are reconsidered in light of these observations.
Right ventricular failure following placement of a percutaneous left ventricular assist device.

Abstract Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction following surgical implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is a well-documented phenomenon, and it is associated with poor outcomes. We are reporting a 25-year-old male patient who presented to the hospital with flu-like symptoms, hypotension and acute hypoxic respiratory failure. The patient's Laboratory data was significant for elevated troponin, and his Chest X-ray showed acute pulmonary edema. Echocardiogram revealed reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and normal RV function. Coronary angiography was normal, and the cardiac index was 1.3 L/min/m2. Impella 5.0 (Abiomed, MA) was placed through the left axillary artery graft and 4.5 L/min flow was achieved with an improvement in blood pressure. Thirty minutes later, he developed hypotension, the device flow dropped to 3.0 L/min, and right atrial pressure increased. The Pulmonary artery pulsatility index was consistent with RV failure. Possible causes of RV failure include unmasking of RV dysfunction with high LVAD flow and altered RV geometry due to ventricular septum shift. Impella RP (Abiomed, MA) was placed for RV support achieving a flow of 3.8 L/min with a significant improvement in impella LV flow, cardiac output and blood pressure (mean 90 mmHg). Ventricular support devices were weaned off on day 9. The patient was discharged on day 15. Conclusion: our case highlights the risk of RV failure following percutaneous LVAD placement. Early identification and appropriate mechanical support is imperative.
Acute Respiratory Illness in Rural Haiti.

Abstract Objectives Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is the most common cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries, including Haiti. Our objective was to detect pathogens found in children with ARI in rural Haiti to help develop evidence-based guidelines for treatment and prevention. Methods Retrospective study of students with ARI at four schools in rural Haiti. Viral and/or bacterial pathogens were identified by qPCR in 177 nasal swabs collected from April 2013 through November 2015. Results Most common viruses detected were Rhinovirus (36%), Influenza A (16%) and Adenovirus (7%), and bacteria were Streptococcus pneumoniae (58%) and Staphylococcus aureus (28%). Compared to older children, children aged 3–5 years had more Influenza A (28% vs. 9%, p = 0.002) and Adenovirus detected (14% vs. 3%, p = 0.01). Similarly, S. pneumoniae was greatest in children 3–5 years old (71% 3–5yrs; 58% 6–15 years; 25% 16–20 years; p = 0.008). Children 3–10 years old presented with fever more than children 11–20 years old (22% vs 7%; p = 0.02) and were more often diagnosed with pneumonia (28% vs 4%, p Conclusions Younger children had increased fever, pneumonia, and detection of Influenza A and S. pneumoniae. These data support the need for influenza and pneumococcus vaccination in early childhood in Haiti.
Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Bidding in Truckload Markets: an Application to Large-Scale Fleet Management with Advance Commitments

Truckload brokerages, a $100 billion/year industry in the U.S., plays the critical role of matching shippers with carriers, often to move loads several days into the future. Brokerages not only have to find companies that will agree to move a load, the brokerage often has to find a price that both the shipper and carrier will agree to. The price not only varies by shipper and carrier, but also by the traffic lanes and other variables such as commodity type. Brokerages have to learn about shipper and carrier response functions by offering a price and observing whether each accepts the quote. We propose a knowledge gradient policy with bootstrap aggregation for high-dimensional contextual settings to guide price experimentation by maximizing the value of information. The learning policy is tested using a carefully calibrated fleet simulator that includes a stochastic lookahead policy that simulates fleet movements, as well as the stochastic modeling of driver assignments and the carrier's load commitment policies with advance booking.
Youth mental health first aid: initial outcomes of a statewide rollout in Ohio

Although mental health concerns are common among children and adolescents, youth-serving adults often feel underprepared in responding to these challenges. Youth Mental Health First Aid (YMHFA) is ...
Identifying Structural Domains and Conserved Regions in the Long Non-Coding RNA lncTCF7.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) biology is a rapidly growing area of study. Thousands of lncRNAs are implicated as key players in cellular pathways and cancer biology. However, the structure–function relationships of these novel biomolecules are not well understood. Recent structural studies suggest that lncRNAs contain modular structural domains, which play a crucial role in their function. Here, we hypothesized that such structural domains exist in lncTCF7, a conserved lncRNA implicated in the development and progression of several cancers. To understand the structure–function relationship of lncTCF7, we characterized its secondary structure using chemical probing methods. Our model revealed structural domains and conserved regions in lncTCF7. One of the modular domains identified here coincides with a known protein-interacting domain. The model reported herein is, to our knowledge, the first structural model of lncTCF7 and thus will serve to direct future studies that will provide fundamental insights into the function of this lncRNA.
Lower extremity joints and their contributions to whole limb extension.

Lower extremity multi-joint strength curves tend not to evaluate individual joint contributions to endpoint force in maximum effort isometric whole limb extension. Therefore, the purpose of this st...
A polarization reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna using liquid metal microfluidics

A polarization reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is achieved using eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) confined in microfluidic channels. The antenna topology is derived from an orthogonal overlay of two linearly polarized narrow-width microstrip patch antennas. The resulting structure isolated each patch around a common feed structure that has a microfluidic network embedded into a superstrate. Reconfiguration occurs by the reversible filling and extraction of the liquid metal through the back plane of the antenna into microchannels that provide interconnections to the feed point. The microchannels are fabricated using 3D printing of a sacrificial ink in a thermally stable structural low-loss epoxy.
Are We Trusting AI Too Much?: Examining Human-Robot Interactions in the Real World

Intelligent systems, especially those with an embodied construct, are becoming pervasive in our society. From chatbots to rehabilitation robotics, from shopping agents to robot tutors, people are adopting these systems into their daily life activities. Alas, associated with this increased acceptance is a concern with the ethical ramifications as we start becoming more dependent on these devices [1]. Studies, including our own, suggest that people tend to trust, in some cases overtrusting, the decisionmaking capabilities of these systems [2]. For high-risk activities, such as in healthcare, when human judgment should still have priority at times, this propensity to overtrust becomes troubling [3]. Methods should thus be designed to examine when overtrust can occur, modelling the behavior for future scenarios and, if possible, introduce system behaviors in order to mitigate. In this talk, we will discuss a number of human-robot interaction studies conducted where we examined this phenomenon of overtrust, including healthcare-related scenarios with vulnerable populations, specifically children with disabilities. CCS Concepts/ACM Classifiers • Robotics -> Robotic Autonomy; Artificial Intelligence -> Intelligent Agents, Mobile Agents, Cooperation and Coordination
From HBCU to PWI, My Journey to Becoming a Scholar

This chapter considers my experiences and reflections on the phases of my doctoral journey at the University of Florida. In pursuit of a Ph.D., mentors have been instrumental in getting me to the finish line. Here I offer lessons learned through candid, eye-opening, revelations that changed my life and salvaged my professional career.
Disparity Between United States Adolescent Class II and III Obesity Trends and Bariatric Surgery Utilization, 2015-2018.

OBJECTIVES Severe obesity is the fastest growing subcategory of obesity in the United States (US) pediatric population. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is a safe and effective treatment option for severe obesity. The primary objectives of this analysis were to determine the (1) current US MBS utilization rates in those with severe obesity; and (2) utilization rates and 30-day post-operative outcomes. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA The 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cross-sectional data (N = 19,225) generated US severe obesity prevalence estimates. The 2015-2018 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) longitudinal (30 day) cohort data was used to compare adolescent and adult (N = 760,076) post-operative outcomes and to calculate utilization rates. METHODS The 2015-2018 youth and adult MBS utilization rates were calculated using MBSAQIP data (numerator) and NHANES data (denominator). Two-sample tests of proportions were performed to compare the MBS utilization rates by age, ethnicity and sex and expressed per 1,000. RESULTS Mean age of the analytical MBSAQIP sample was 17.9 (1.15) years in youth (n = 3,846) and 45.1 (11.5) in adults (N = 744,776), majority female (77.4%, 80.7%, respectively) and non-Hispanic white (68.5%, 59.4%, respectively). The overall 2015-2018 MBS utilization rate for youth was 1.81 per 1,000 and 5.56 per 1,000 for adults (P < .001). Adult patients had slightly higher percentage (4.2%) of hospital readmissions compared to youth (3.4%, P = .01) but there were no other post-MBS complication differences. From 2015-2018 the US prevalence of youth severe obesity increased in Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks (P-trend < .001), but non-Hispanic whites had higher rates of MBS utilization (45.8%) compared to Hispanics (22.7%) and non-Hispanic blacks 14.2% (P = .006). CONCLUSIONS MBS is an underutilized obesity treatment tool for both youth and adults, and among ethnic minority groups in particular.
Mental Health: Assessment, Treatment, and Outcomes

Depression and anxiety are prevalent among patients with serious illness and greatly impact quality of life. Depression and anxiety are often underdiagnosed and undertreated given the complexity of diagnosing psychiatric disorders in this patient population. It is crucial to address mental health routinely when evaluating patients receiving supportive care, as lack of diagnosis and treatment can lead to suffering, nonadherence to treatment, and morbidity. It has been suggested that underlying depression may actually affect survival in patients with cancer, contributing to mortality as well. Thus, diagnosis and treatment of mental illness in this patient population is of paramount importance, and patients should be made to feel comfortable discussing their mental health concerns honestly in a supportive environment. Screening tools as well as pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic modalities of treating anxiety and depression will be discussed in this chapter.
A Practical Guide for Navigating the Design, Build, and Clinical Integration of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Radiation Oncology Department.

Abstract The development and integration of electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) into the radiation oncology clinic workflow provide novel opportunities, accompanied by unique design considerations and implementation challenges. The processes required for implementation of ePROs are entirely distinct from standard paper-based surveys, with the majority of time devoted to conception and design before initiating questionnaire build, detailed workflow process mapping including development of new workflows, comprehensive communication of the vision between providers and the information technology team, and quality assurance. Based on our experience with implementation of ePROs in our radiation oncology department, we developed a stepwise framework for approaching ePRO conceptual design, build, workflow integration, and the electronic health record interface. Here, we provide a guide for the numerous considerations, decision points, and solutions associated with the implementation of ePROs in the radiation oncology department setting. Although various ePRO tools and electronic health record capabilities impose different requirements, opportunities, and limitations, the conceptual processes and many of the electronic build considerations are broadly applicable.
Discussion of Cui and Tchetgen Tchetgen (2020) and Qiu et al. (2020)

We would like to congratulate the authors on two beautifully motivated and technically flawless papers and thank the editors for the opportunity to discuss both papers. We would like to make two po...
Genome-encoded cytoplasmic double-stranded RNAs, found in C9ORF72 ALS-FTD brain, propagate neuronal loss

Triggers of innate immune signaling in the CNS of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration (ALS/FTD) remain elusive. We report the presence of cytoplasmic double-stranded RNA (cdsRNA), an established trigger of innate immunity, in ALS-FTD brains carrying C9ORF72 intronic hexanucleotide expansions that included genomically encoded expansions of the G4C2 repeat sequences. The presence of cdsRNA in human brains was coincident with cytoplasmic TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) inclusions, a pathologic hallmark of ALS/FTD. Introducing cdsRNA into cultured human neural cells induced type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling and death that was rescued by FDA-approved JAK inhibitors. In mice, genomically encoded dsRNAs expressed exclusively in a neuronal class induced IFN-I and death in connected neurons non-cell-autonomously. Our findings establish that genomically encoded cdsRNAs trigger sterile, viral-mimetic IFN-I induction and propagated death within neural circuits and may drive neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in patients with ALS/FTD.
Applied calculus: brief

Preliminaries The Derivative Differentiation and Applications Optimization and Curve-Sketching Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Integration Techniques of Integration Multivariable Calculus Tables Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems Index.
Heavy ion elastic scattering survey: (I). 208Pb target☆

Differential cross sections for elastic scattering of $sup 12$C ions of 96 MeV, $sup 16$O ions of 129.5 and 192 MeV, and $sup 20$Ne ions of 161.2 MeV from $sup 208$Pb were measured and analyzed using the optical model. Values of the real potential near the strong absorption radii were extracted and some constraints put on its slope. Some information on the slope of the imaginary potential in this region was also obtained, while the magnitude of the imaginary potential here was found to be comparable to that for the real potential. The scattering was found to be almost completely insensitive to the real or imaginary potential for center-of-mass separations less than approximately 10 fm. In addition to Woods--Saxon potentials, folded-model potentials were also used, and a consistent description of the present and other data was obtained with a Gaussian nucleon--nucleon interaction. It was found that a nucleon--nucleon interaction with a range as long as that for one-pion-exchange is unacceptable. (NL)
Physical and biogeochemical controls over terrestrial ecosystem responses to nitrogen deposition

Anthropogenic perturbations to the global nitrogen (N) cycle now exceed those to any other major biogeochemical cycle on Earth, yet our ability to predict how ecosystems will respond to the rapidly changing N cycle is still poor. While northern temperate forest ecosystems have seen the greatest changes in N inputs from the atmosphere, other biomes, notably semi-arid and tropical regions of the globe, are now experiencing increases in N deposition. These systems are even less well understood than temperate forests, and are likely to respond to excess N in markedly different ways. Here, we present a new integrated terrestrial biophysics-biogeochemical process model, TerraFlux, and use this model to test the relative importance of factors that may strongly influence the productivity response of both humid tropical and semi-arid systems to anthropogenic N deposition. These include hydrological losses of dissolved inorganic and organic N, as well as multiple nutrient interactions with deposited inorganic N along the hydrological pathway. Our results suggest that N-rich trop- ical forests may have reduced productivity following excess N deposition. Our simulations of semi-arid systems show increases in productivity following N inputs if water availability is sufficient and water losses are moderate. The most important model controls over the carbon cycle response in each simulation were interactions that are not represented in the most common terrestrial ecosystem models. These include parameters that control soil solute transport and nutrient resorption by plants. Rather than attempt prognostic simulations, we use TerraFlux to highlight a variety of ecological and biogeochemical processes that are poorly understood but which appear central to understanding ecosystem response to excess N.
Cracking Down MapReduce Failure Amplification through Analytics Logging and Migration

MapReduce is popular for big data analytics because it offers easy-to-use map and reduce user interfaces while hiding the complexity of system scalability and fault resiliency issues. While a large body of literature has focused on improving the performance and scalability of MapReduce, the issue of fault resiliency has thus far received little attention. In this paper, we take on an effort to investigate the fault resiliency of MapReduce using YARN (the next-generation Hadoop) as a case study. We reveal that the failures of a Map Task, a ReduceTask or a compute node can cause distinctly different impact to MapReduce programs. Particularly, YARN MapReduce is not able to gracefully handle failures that involve ReduceTasks, causing prolonged task execution, delayed job completion, and, more severely, failure amplifications due to the cascading effects to other tasks. These problems together cause the performance collapse of MapReduce jobs. In this paper, we introduce a new faulttolerant framework that can crack down failure amplification and gracefully handle failure scenarios. It is designed with two key fault handling techniques: analytics logging and speculative fast migration. Analytics logging is a light-weight mechanism that logs the key progress information of MapReduce tasks, speculative fast migration handles node failures by proactively re-executing Map Tasks, migrating ReduceTasks, and collective merging with a pipeline of shuffle/merge and reduce stages. Our performance evaluation demonstrates that these techniques can eliminate failure amplification and deliver fast job execution compared to the existing task re-execution mechanism in MapReduce.
Rhizobium meliloti glutamate synthase: cloning and initial characterization of the glt locus.

Abstract The genetic locus glt, encoding glutamate synthase from Rhizobium meliloti 1021, was selected from a pLAFR1 clone bank by complementation of the R. meliloti 41 Glt- mutant AK330. A fragment of cloned DNA complementing this mutant also served to complement the Escherichia coli glt null mutant PA340. Complementation studies using these mutants suggested that glutamate synthase expression requires two complementation groups present at this locus. Genomic Southern analysis using a probe of the R. meliloti 1021 glt region showed a close resemblance between R. meliloti 1021, 41, and 102f34 at glt, whereas R. meliloti 104A14 showed many differences in restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns at this locus. R. meliloti 102f34, but not the other strains, showed an additional region with sequence similarity to glt. Insertion alleles containing transposable kanamycin resistance elements were constructed and used to derive Glt- mutants of R. meliloti 1021 and 102f34. These mutants were unable to assimilate ammonia and were Nod+ Fix+ on alfalfa seedlings. The mutants also showed poor or no growth on nitrogen sources such as glutamate, aspartate, arginine, and histidine, which are utilized by the wild-type parental strains. Strains that remained auxotrophic but grew nearly as well as the wild type on these nitrogen sources were readily isolated from populations of glt insertion mutants, indicating that degradation of these amino acids is negatively regulated in R. meliloti as a result of disruptions of glt.
Dual Function of CD70 in Viral Infection: Modulator of Early Cytokine Responses and Activator of Adaptive Responses

The role of the TNF family member CD70 in adaptive T cell responses has been intensively studied, but its function in innate responses is still under investigation. In this study, we show that CD70 inhibits the early innate response to murine CMV (MCMV) but is essential for the optimal generation of virus-specific CD8 T cells. CD70(-/-) mice reacted to MCMV infection with a robust type I IFN and proinflammatory cytokine response. This response was sufficient for initial control of MCMV, although at later time points, CD70(-/-) mice became more susceptible to MCMV infection. The heightened cytokine response during the early phase of MCMV infection in CD70(-/-) mice was paralleled by a reduction in regulatory T cells (Treg). Treg from naive CD70(-/-) mice were not as efficient at suppressing T cell proliferation compared with Treg from naive wild-type mice, and depletion of Treg during MCMV infection in Foxp3-diphtheria toxin receptor mice or in wild-type mice recapitulated the phenotype observed in CD70(-/-) mice. Our study demonstrates that although CD70 is required for the activation of the antiviral adaptive response, it has a regulatory role in early cytokine responses to viruses such as MCMV, possibly through maintenance of Treg survival and function.
Frontiers in plant genetics.

A report of the American Society for Plant Biologists' meeting 'Plant Genetics 2003: Mechanisms of Genetic Variation', Snowbird, Utah, USA, 22-24 October 2003.
Neutrosophic Axiomatic System

In this paper, we introduce for the first time the notions of Neutrosophic Axiom, Neutrosophic Axiomatic System, Neutrosophic Deducibility and Neutrosophic Inference, Neutrosophic Proof, Neutrosophic Tautologies, Neutrosophic Quantifiers, Neutrosophic Propositional Logic, Neutrosophic Axiomatic Space, Degree of Contradiction (Dissimilarity) of Two Neutrosophic Axioms, and Neutrosophic Model. A class of neutrosophic implications is also introduced. A comparison between these innovatory neutrosophic notions and their corresponding classical notions is made. Then, three concrete examples of neutrosophic axiomatic systems, describing the same neutrosophic geometrical model, are presented at the end of the paper.
New Governance, Chief Privacy Officers, and the Corporate Management of Information Privacy in the United States: An Initial Inquiry

While the turn from traditional regulation to more collaborative, experimentalist, and flexible forms of governance has garnered significant academic focus, far less attention has been paid to the effects of such “new governance” approaches on regulated firms' understanding of the laws' demands, and on the structures employed within business organizations to meet them. This article targets this analytic gap by examining internal corporate practices regarding consumer privacy, an arena in which the Federal Trade Commission and the states have adopted new governance models. Using data from qualitative interviews with leading corporate Chief Privacy Officers, as well as internal corporate documentation, it examines the way privacy practices have been catalyzed in the shadow of new privacy governance approaches and the combination of regulatory, market, and stakeholder forces they seek to harness. Specifically, it suggests the convergence of a set of practices adopted by privacy officers identified as “leaders,” regarding both high-level corporate privacy management and the integration of privacy into entity-wide risk management goals through technology, decision-making processes, and the empowerment of distributed expertise networks throughout the firm.
Evaluation of Thymidine, Dideoxythymidine and Fluorine Substituted Deoxyribonucleoside Geometry by the MIND0/3 Technique The Effect of Fluorine Substitution on Nucleoside Geometry and Biological Activity

Abstract The MINDO/3 technique was used to evaluate the geometry of thymidine and four structural analogs, 3′-fluoro-3′-deoxythymidine (Z), 3′-fluoro-2′, T-dideoxy-P-D-lyxofuranosylthymine (3), 3′-deoxythymidine (4), and 3′,3′-difluoro-3′-deoxythymidine (5). The relative proportion of N (3′-endo, 2′-exo, P = 0°) and S (2′-endo, 3′-exo, P = 180°) conformers was determined for each of the analogs. Whereas the energy difference between the N and S forms of most deoxyribonucleoside derivatives differ by at most 1 to 2 kcal/mol, the N conformation for nucleosides 4 and 5 are respectively 2.9 and 4.0 kcal/mol more stable than the S form. The optimal value of χ for each of the analogs in the N conformation was -102° (4) and -97° (5). The fluorine in the up position at C3′ of deoxyribose appears to be a strong attractor for the H-6 proton on the thymine when the the sugar is in the N conformation.
Photon blockade in circuit quantum electrodynamics

Photon-photon interactions mediated by a qubit are realized in a microwave resonator and result in the blockaded transmission of photons. Transmission measurements versus source bandwidth reveal a photon staircase, a signature of a photon blockade.
Screening for Major Depression in Epilepsy with Common Self-report Depression Inventories

Summary: Purpose: Major depression is a common psychiatric comorbidity in chronic epilepsy that is frequently unrecognized and untreated. A variety of self-report mood inventories are available, but their validity as well as ability to detect major depression in epilepsy remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of two common depressive symptom inventories to identify major depression in people with epilepsy. Methods: In total, 174 adult patients with epilepsy underwent standardized psychiatric interview techniques [Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and Mood Disorders module of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders–Research Version (SCID-I)] to determine the presence of current major depression. Subjects completed two self-report depression inventories [Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiological Study of Depression (CES-D)]. The ability of these self-report measures to identify major depression as identified by the gold standard structured interviews was examined by using diagnostic efficiency statistics. Results: Both the BDI-II and the CES-D exhibited significant ability to identify major depression in epilepsy. All ROC analyses were highly significant (mean area under the curve, 0.92). Mean sensitivity (0.93) and specificity (0.81) were strong, with excellent negative predictive value (0.98) but lower positive predictive value (0.47). Conclusions: Common self-report depression measures can be used to screen for major depression in clinical settings. Use of these measures will assist in the clinical identification of patients with major depression so that treatment can be initiated.
MONITORING AUTOCORRELATED PROCESSES WITH WAVELETS

This paper develops a wavelet control chart for monitoring autocorrelated processes. The procedure uses the discrete wavelet transform of the original series, and traditional control charts are applied to the stream of wavelet coefficients. Unlike other control charts for monitoring autocorrelated processes found in the literature, the wavelet control chart does not require that a model be specified for the process data. The wavelet-based control chart is simple enough that it can be easily automated. Real and simulated data are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed wavelet control chart.
Canonical functions for dispersal-induced synchrony

Two processes are universally recognized for inducing spatial synchrony in abundance: dispersal and correlated environmental stochasticity. In the present study we seek the expected relationship between synchrony and distance in populations that are synchronized by density-independent dispersal. In the absence of dispersal, synchrony among populations with simple dynamics has been shown to echo the correlation in the environment. We ask what functional form we may expect between synchrony and distance when dispersal is the synchronizing agent. We formulate a continuous-space, continuous-time model that explicitly represents the time evolution of the spatial covariance as a function of spatial distance. Solving this model gives us two simple canonical functions for dispersal-induced covariance in spatially extended populations. If dispersal is rare relative to birth and death, then covariances between nearby points will follow the dispersal distance distribution. At long distances, however, the covariance tails off according to exponential or Bessel functions (depending on whether the population moves in one or two dimensions). If dispersal is common, then the covariances will follow the mixture distribution that is approximately Gaussian around the origin and with an exponential or Bessel tail. The latter mixture results regardless of the original dispersal distance distribution. There are hence two canonical functions for dispersal-induced synchrony