cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Associations of consumption of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy with infant birth weight or small for gestational age births: a systematic review of the literature

Maternal nutrition is recognized as one of the determinants of fetal growth. Consumption of fruits and vegetables is promoted as part of a healthful diet; however, intakes are typically lower than recommended levels. The purpose of this study was to systematically review results from studies examining the relationship between maternal consumption of fruits and vegetables during pregnancy with infant birth weight or risk for delivering a small for gestational age baby. A comprehensive search of PubMed and EMBASE was conducted and abstracts were screened using predefined criteria. Eleven relevant studies were identified and systematically reviewed, including six prospective cohort studies, three retrospective cohort studies, and two case-control studies. Seven studies were conducted in cohorts from highly developed countries. One prospective study from a highly developed area reported increased risk for small for gestational age birth by women with low vegetable intakes (odds ratio 3.1; 95% confidence interval 1.4-6.9; P=0.01); another large prospective study reported a 10.4 g increase in birth weight per quintile increase in fruit intake (95% confidence interval 6.9-3.9; P<0.0001) and increases of 8.4 or 7.7 g per quintile intake of fruits and vegetables (combined) or fruits, vegetables, and juice (combined), respectively. One retrospective study reported an association between low fruit intake and birth weight. In less developed countries, increased vegetable or fruit intake was associated with increased birth weight in two prospective studies. Overall, limited inconclusive evidence of a protective effect of increased consumption of vegetables and risk for small for gestational age birth, and increased consumption of fruits and vegetables and increased birth weight among women from highly developed countries was identified. Among women in less developed countries, limited inconclusive evidence suggests that increased consumption of vegetables or fruits may be associated with higher infant birth weight. The available evidence supports maternal consumption of a variety of fruits and vegetables as part of a balanced diet throughout pregnancy.
Control of oxidative stress in microcirculation of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

One mechanism for organ damage in individuals with arterial hypertension may be due to oxygen free radical production. This study was designed to localize free radicals in a microvascular network o...
Does Citation Analysis Help or Hinder the Professional Development of Social Workers and Their Profession? A Reply to Slater, Scourfield and Sloan

ThisarticlerespondstoSlater,ScourfieldandSloan’sassessmentandanalysisofourearlier British Journal of Social Work article delineating the 100 most highly cited articles in disciplinary social work journals during the past decade. We address two primary issues in our response. First, we provide background on the circumstances that animated the larger research agenda from which the BJSW article emanated. Second, we discuss how theauthors’ empiricalworkillustratesthepotentialofcitationanalysistosparkconversationsthatfacilitateprofessionalreflectionandgrowth.Weconcludebynotingthatevery methodischaracterisedbyacertainsetoflimitationsandthatcitationanalysishasthepotential to assist both social workers and their profession if used appropriately.
Volunteer Transitions Among Older Adults: The Role of Human, Social, and Cultural Capital in Later Life

Objectives. We aim to understand how human, social, and cultural capitals are associated with the volunteer process, that is, engagement (starting), intensity (number of hours), and cessation (stopping), among older adults. Method. Data from the 2000 through 2008 Health and Retirement Study and the 2001 through 2009 Consumption and Activity Mail Survey provide a sample of 4,526 respondents. Random-effects pooled time series analyses incorporate not only the presence of various types of capital but also the quality of that capital. Results. Human and cultural capitals were positively associated with increased volunteer involvement. Effects of social capital (relationships in the family, employment status, and the community) depended on the quality of the relationships, not necessarily on their presence alone. Discussion. Results suggest that bolstering older adults’ capitals, particularly among lower socioeconomic status groups, can increase volunteer engagement and intensity and reduce cessation. Additionally, a variety of organizational policies including respite programs for caregivers and employer policies allowing employees to reduce their work hours might indirectly affect participation rates and commitment. Potential pools of volunteers exist in families, workplaces, and religious organizations, but more research is necessary to identify how to recruit and retain individuals in social networks where volunteer participatory rates are low.
Increased suicidality in depression: Group or subgroup characteristic?

Abstract A lifetime history of depressive episodes and suicide attempts was ascertained from 172 depressed patients admitted to a psychiatric inpatient service. Fifty-five of these patients had made at least one suicide attempt. The correlation of depressive episodes and the total number of suicide attempts for this group was close to zero. However, when the data were converted into rate measures (number of episodes or attempts per year), the correlations were very high and significant. It appears that approximately one-third of severely depressed, hospitalized patients have a history of suicide attempts and, once a suicide attempt has occurred, the patient is at high risk for more suicide attempts if future depressions occur. Within the group of depressives with a history of suicide attempt, the risk of suicidal behavior is evenly distributed. No evidence in favor of a “hypervulnerable” subgroup was found.
Compiling Verilog into timed finite state machines

The lack of formal semantics for HDLs has made it hard to make a formal bridge between simulation tools based on HDLs and synthesis/verification tools based on finite state machines. We address the problem of finding a larger subset of Verilog HDL (which includes timing constructs) and a systematic way of extracting FSMs from programs built using the subset. Using timed FSMs as the target language for HDL compilation gives us two potential advantages. First, FSMs can be used to model systems that do not have hardware implementation. Second, FSMs can be used to model systems that are implementable but not automatically synthesizable.
Terminal Pleistocene through Holocene Evolution of Whiteoak Bottoms, a Southern Blue Ridge Mountains Peatland

Our primary objective was to develop an understanding of the geomorphic evolution of Whiteoak Bottoms (WOB), a peatland along the Nantahala River in the Southern Blue Ridge Mountains (SBRM) of western North Carolina. Radiocarbon dates directly above basal fluvial sediments returned ages of 14,000 to 15,000 cal yr BP. These ages indicate WOB is the oldest dated peatland in the SBRM and that such wetlands have persisted throughout the Holocene. Below the relatively flat surface of the wetland, paleochannels, similar to those of the modern channel, were found; suggesting a persistence of similar channel morphology since the terminal Pleistocene. The wetland’s stratigraphy reveals a consistent pattern with basal fluvial cobbles being overlain by sandy channel-fill grading up into peat. Two different distinct inorganic deposits separate the lower organic deposits from the sapric peat deposits at the surface. Interestingly, we estimate more than 56% of the organic matter preserved by the wetland accumulated during the first 6,000 years of development. Overall, WOB has accumulated approximately 424 Mg/ha of carbon during the past 15,000 years. Maintenance of this wetland initially depended on the Nantahala River; however, today it is ground water and beavers that allows for the persistence of this rare landscape.
Directed assembly of high density single-walled carbon nanotube patterns on flexible polymer substrates

We report an effective technique for the controlled assembly of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and demonstrate organized high density network architectures on soft polymeric substrates. We utilize the surface energy differential between a plasma treated (hydrophilic) parylene-C surface and a photoresist (hydrophobic) surface to create microscale patterns of SWNT networks on a 10 μm thick parylene-C substrate. The large scale fabrication of patterned SWNT structures presented is achieved by performing site-selective fluidic assembly of SWNTs. Electrically continuous nanotube network micro-arrays as small as 4 μ mw ide that are up to 1500 μm long with controlled separation have been fabricated by dissolving the photoresist after assembly. Electrical and mechanical characterization of nanotube networks on the flexible substrate in both static and dynamic modes indicates that the structure can handle both compressive and tensile deformations with no hysteresis. The technology presented has immediate applications in making thin film transistors, interconnects and sensors on flexible substrates. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version)
On the equivalence of case-crossover and time series methods in environmental epidemiology

The case-crossover design was introduced in epidemiology 15 years ago as a method for studying the effects of a risk factor on a health event using only cases. The idea is to compare a case's exposure immediately prior to or during the case-defining event with that same person's exposure at otherwise similar "reference" times. An alternative approach to the analysis of daily exposure and case-only data is time series analysis. Here, log-linear regression models express the expected total number of events on each day as a function of the exposure level and potential confounding variables. In time series analyses of air pollution, smooth functions of time and weather are the main confounders. Time series and case-crossover methods are often viewed as competing methods. In this paper, we show that case-crossover using conditional logistic regression is a special case of time series analysis when there is a common exposure such as in air pollution studies. This equivalence provides computational convenience for case-crossover analyses and a better understanding of time series models. Time series log-linear regression accounts for overdispersion of the Poisson variance, while case-crossover analyses typically do not. This equivalence also permits model checking for case-crossover data using standard log-linear model diagnostics.
A Formal Palliative Care Service Improves the Quality of Care in Patients with Stage IV Cancer and Bowel Obstruction

Background:Patients with stage IV cancer and bowel obstruction present a complicated management problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the palliative care service (PC) in the management of this complex disease process.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients admitted to Roswell Park Cancer Institute with stage IV cancer and bowel obstruction from 2009 to 2012 after the institution of a formal PC. This cohort was matched to similar patients from 2005 to 2008 (no palliative care service or NPC). Patient characteristics and outcomes included baseline demographics, comorbid conditions, do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status, laboratory parameters, medical and surgical management, length of stay, symptom relief, and disposition status.Results:A total of 19 patients were identified in the PC group. Based on the PC group baseline characteristics, 19 patients were identified for the NPC group using matched values. Regarding outcomes, there were significant differences in the med...
Nyt Pub Com (a)

In this case series (see also the B [UVA-OB-0592] and C [UVA-OB-0593] cases), Bob Bellhouse is promoted to general manager and asked to turn around the public-telephone business of New York Telephone. He is confronted with increasing competition, poor morale, significant financial losses, severe vandalism, and a traditional mind-set. A CD-ROM with clips describing several aspects of the department accompanies the series (UVA-OB-0591M).
The boat models from Eridu: sailing or spinning during the ‘Ubaid period?

It has been received wisdom for nearly half a century that 6th-millennium BP models, discovered at Eridu in southern Mesopotamia, are the earliest direct evidence for sailing-boats. Yet certain features of the models, and their contexts, identify them instead as spinning bowls used by weavers.
SARCOMERE LENGTH DEPENDENT EFFECTS ON THE INTERACTION BETWEEN CTNC AND CTNI IN SKINNED PAPILLARY MUSCLE STRIPS

Sarcomere length dependent activation (LDA) of myocardial force development is the cellular basis underlying the Frank-Starling law of the heart, but it is still elusive how the sarcomeres detect the length changes and convert them into altered activation of thin filament. In this study we investigated how the C-domain of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) functionally and structurally responds to the comprehensive effects of the Ca(2+), crossbridge, and sarcomere length of chemically skinned myocardial preparations. Using our in situ technique which allows for simultaneous measurements of time-resolved FRET and mechanical force of the skinned myocardial preparations, we measured changes in the FRET distance between cTnI(167C) and cTnC(89C), labeled with FRET donor and acceptor, respectively, as a function of [Ca(2+)], crossbridge state and sarcomere length of the skinned muscle preparations. Our results show that [Ca(2+)], cross-bridge feedback and sarcomere length have different effects on the structural transition of the C-domain cTnI. In particular, the interplay between crossbridges and sarcomere length has significant impacts on the functional structural change of the C-domain of cTnI in the relaxed state. These novel observations suggest the importance of the C-domain of cTnI and the dynamic and complex interplay between various components of myofilament in the LDA mechanism.
New Record of the Ant Subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Oklahoma

Abstract We report the first record of the Pseudomyrmecinae subfamily of ants in Oklahoma. Eleven species have been recorded from the Nearctic region, primarily in southern or coastal areas. This collection increases the known distribution northward into the central United States for one of those species, Pseudomyrmex pallidus.
Slander for Slander in "Measure for Measure"

Ultimately, Jonson and Spenser undermine the power of their critique of the state's assessment of poetry because their projects assume stable categories of right and wrong, virtuous and slanderous speech. As I demonstrate in chapter I, slander is by nature unstable and draws its power from the inaccessibility of truth and the indeterminacy of language. Their projects collapse not because the state succeeds in censoring their complaints – the texts are still available for us to read – but because of the faulty logic of the representation of slander in state–poet relations. Ideally, both poets imagine an enlightened monarch who allows her-or himself to be guided and corrected by the superior wisdom and virtue of the poet. Both understand the threat of slander to a settled state and seek to protect the ruler from such attacks. But when they perceive themselves as under attack when their ultimately benighted rulers reject their advice and critique, they defend themselves by defining these attacks as slanders. Once they transform from advocates of to adversaries against the state, they open themselves up to the same charge of slander they themselves employ, and the match ends in a draw or worse, since they have insisted on the absolute evil of slander that they have now become guilty of speaking. Shakespeare manages to escape from this conundrum by radically reconfiguring the terms of the debate. As demonstrated earlier, the government was anxious to control for its own aims the theatre's power to criticize and expose; independent attempts to deploy this medium were distinguished as slanders.
Selections From the ABC 2015 Annual Conference, Seattle, Washington Let’s Have a Cup of Coffee and Create Some Out-of-the-Box Teaching Innovations, Enhance Cross-Cultural Communication, and Accelerate Students’ Professional Development

This article, the second of a two-part series, presents 10 teaching innovations from the 2015 Association for Business Communication’s annual conference. Innovations include fresh approaches to tea...
Piaget’s Contribution to Spatial Logic

The concept of embodied cognition pervades Piaget’s account of the ontogeny of logic. He insists that sensorimotor schemes underlie logical development throughout his later, invariant developmental stages: the preoperational, the concrete operational, and the formal operational stage.
Radical Cage Effects: Comparison of Solvent Bulk Viscosity and Microviscosity in Predicting the Recombination Efficiencies of Radical Cage Pairs

This study reports the results of experiments that probed how solvents affect the recombination efficiency (FcP) of geminate radical cage pairs. The macroviscosity of solvents has traditionally been used to make quantitative predictions about FcP, but experiments reported here show that FcP varies dramatically for solvent systems with identical macroviscosities. Experiments show that FcP correlates with the solvent microviscosity: five different solvent systems (consisting of a solvent and a structurally similar viscogen) were examined, and FcP was the same for all five solvent systems at any particular microviscosity. The translational diffusion coefficient of the radicals (measured by DOSY) in the solvent system was used to define the microviscosity of the solvent system.
THE USE OF A NOVEL ALDEHYDE-FUNCTIONALIZED CHITOSAN HYDROGEL TO PREPARE POROUS TUBULAR SCAFFOLDS FOR VASCULAR TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATION

In this work, porous tubular scaffolds were prepared from a novel water soluble aldehyde-functionalized chitosan (ALDCHIT) hydrogel, which was obtained by dissolving this chitosan derivative in water and using oxidized dextrose (OXDEXT) as the crosslinking agent at different ALDCHIT:OXDEXT mole ratios (10:1, 10:2 and 10:4). By increasing the amount of OXDEXT in respect to ALDCHIT the hydrogels became more rigid and could absorb more than 200% of its weight in water. Since the ALDCHIT:OXDEXT 10:4 was the most stable hydrogel, its ability to form porous tubular scaffolds was investigated. The tubular scaffolds were prepared by the lyophilization method, where the orientation of the pores was controlled by exposing either the internal or the external surface of the frozen hydrogel during the sublimation step. When only the inner surface of the frozen hydrogel was exposed, tubular scaffolds with a highly porous lumen and a sealed outer surface were obtained, where the orientation of the pores, their sizes and interconnectivity seem to be optimum for vascular tissue engineering application.
In Vivo Reprogramming for CNS Repair: Regenerating Neurons from Endogenous Glial Cells.

Neuroregeneration in the CNS has proven to be difficult despite decades of research. The old dogma that CNS neurons cannot be regenerated in the adult mammalian brain has been overturned; however, endogenous adult neurogenesis appears to be insufficient for brain repair. Stem cell therapy once held promise for generating large quantities of neurons in the CNS, but immunorejection and long-term functional integration remain major hurdles. In this Perspective, we discuss the use of in vivo reprogramming as an emerging technology to regenerate functional neurons from endogenous glial cells inside the brain and spinal cord. Besides the CNS, in vivo reprogramming has been demonstrated successfully in the pancreas, heart, and liver and may be adopted in other organs. Although challenges remain for translating this technology into clinical therapies, we anticipate that in vivo reprogramming may revolutionize regenerative medicine by using a patient's own internal cells for tissue repair.
Justice Scalia's Originalism and Formalism: The Rule of Criminal Law as a Law of Rules

Far too many reporters and pundits collapse law into politics, assuming that the left–right divide between Democratic and Republican appointees neatly explains politically liberal versus politically conservative outcomes at the Supreme Court. The late Justice Antonin Scalia defied such caricatures. His consistent judicial philosophy made him the leading exponent of originalism, textualism, and formalism in American law, and over the course of his three decades on the Court, he changed the terms of judicial debate. Now, as a result, supporters and critics alike start with the plain meaning of the statutory or constitutional text rather than loose appeals to legislative history or policy.Justice Scalia’s approach was perhaps most striking and counterintuitive in criminal law and procedure. He was known to confess that as a policy matter, he favored vigorous law enforcement and punishment, but as a jurist, he championed a principled understanding of the rule of law. His approach helped to preserve individual liberty, make the law clearer and more consistent and transparent, give citizens better notice, promote democratic accountability, and check prosecutors’ and judges’ power.Justice Scalia’s animating concerns will remain enduring touchstones of our law: the importance of protecting the roles of legislatures, juries, and the people; ensuring fair notice; and preserving liberty by limiting judicial discretion and prosecutorial power. His criminal jurisprudence is thus a microcosm of a principled judicial approach to law more generally, and he will be greatly missed.
Self-Organizing Multimedia and Extremely Distributed Architectures (Keynote Presentation)

The Object-Based Media Group at the MIT Media Laboratory is developing robust, self-organizing programming models for dense ensembles of ultra-miniaturized computing nodes which are deployed by the thousands in bulk fashion, e.g. embedded into building materials. While such systems potentially offer almost unlimited computation for multimedia purposes, the individual devices contain tiny amounts of memory, lack explicit addresses, have wireless communication ranges only in the range of millimeters to centimeters, and are expected to fail at high rates. An unorthodox approach to handling of multimedia data is required in order to achieve useful, reliable work in such an environment. We describe the hardware and software strategies, and demonstrate several examples showing the processing of images and sound in such a system.
Non-Dualism and Information Systems Research

This paper makes a case for the grounding of information systems research within theoretical frameworks that reject the idea of subject-object dualism. In support, two rationales are offered. (1) Research in information systems exhibits an overwhelming dominance of positivistic research methodologies. Such positivistic research approaches have their roots in the scientific method, and in the attempt to transplant the scientific method from the context of the natural sciences to the context of the social sciences. Further, according to various theorists, the scientific method has its roots in the concept of subject-object dualism put forward by Descartes and others. Thus, this paper argues that IS researchers who wish to resist the current orthodoxy, and who seek to advance a non-positivistic research program, may find it useful to anchor their research within paradigmatic and theoretical frameworks that reject the concept of subject-object dualism. (2) Research into differences in cognitive processes among distinct cultures suggests that there are differences between Western and Eastern ways of thinking. The Eastern mindset is typically more sympathetic to the notion of subject-object non-dualism than the Western mindset. This difference may have implications for the design of IS that rely heavily on modes of human cognition (e.g., knowledge management or decision support systems). This suggests that when considering certain cultural or cross-cultural contexts, IS researchers may benefit from grounding their assumptions within non-dualistic paradigmatic and theoretical frameworks.
State humility: Measurement, conceptual validation, and intrapersonal processes

AbstractHumility is a core psychological process theoretically marked by low self-focus, secure identity, and balanced awareness of strengths and weaknesses. We began with a consensual definition of humility before theoretically unpacking it. First, using 25 samples and 2622 adults, we developed the Brief State Humility Scale, which demonstrates strong construct validity and good reliability, is sensitive to experimental manipulation, and is uncorrelated with social desirability. Second, using this measure, we replicated previously reported relationships involving interpersonal processes; revealed links between state humility and intrapersonal processes (e.g. affect, creativity, and personality); and demonstrated key theoretical differences between state humility and modesty. This framework highlights new avenues for humility research and suggests how humility plays a critical role in emotional experience.
Mudslinging on Twitter During the 2014 Election

Following the work of Evans, Cordova, and Sipole, we examine the way that candidates for congressional seats in 2014 used Twitter during the last 2 months of their campaign. Using a content analysi...
Abstract 39: CD47 Regulates Aberrant Ca2+ Channel Current in Cardiac Myocytes

Background: Left ventricular (LV) heart failure (HF) affects over 5 million Americans with 50% of HF patients dying within 5 years of diagnosis. Therapeutics, while only relieving symptoms and have multiple side effects, have not completely resolved this process. HF is associated with cardiac myocyte cytosolic Ca2+ overload due to impaired sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and/or membrane Ca2+ handling. We recently found that a widely expressed cell surface receptor CD47 and its high affinity ligand, thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), are expressed on cardiac myocytes. We further showed that activated CD47 increases isolated neonatal cardiac myocyte cytosolic Ca2+ levels in part through SR Ca2+ channels. We postulated that TSP1-CD47 signaling may in part play a role in LV HF secondary to dysregulation of Ca2+, though the specific Ca2+ dynamics through which TSP1-CD47 signaling controls cardiac Ca2+ remains to be determined. Methods: Isolated hearts from mutated mice lacking CD47 (CD47-/-) and wild type (WT) mice with and without 4 weeks of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) were studied in ex vivo perfused heart Langendorff using dual optical mapping of Cai transients and action potential or voltage measurements. Isolated cardiac myocyte experiments were performed using whole cell voltage-clamp analysis. Results: In TAC-stressed WT murine hearts studied in the Landendorff system, tetracaine (an inhibitor of SR ryanodine receptor2) blunted arrhythmia induced by electrical stimulation. Isoproterenol-induced Ca2+ transient irregularities in hearts from WT mice were ameliorated in CD47-/- mice. Further, hearts from WT mice treated with peptide 7N3, a TSP1 mimetic, showed induced Ca2+ transient irregularities and elicited early after depolarization which was also attenuated with K2O1 (ryanodine receptor2 stabilizer) treatment. Voltage-clamp studies of isolated adult mouse cardiac myocytes showed that 7N3 peptide increased the L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa,L) whereas the scrambled control peptide did not alter ICa,L. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that CD47 activation may be a trigger for aberrant myocyte Ca2+ handling typically associated with HF. Targeting of TSP1-CD47 signaling may open a new therapeutic avenue to be further studied in HF.
A casualty of climate change? Loss of freshwater forest islands on Florida's Gulf Coast.

Sea level rise elicits short- and long-term changes in coastal plant communities by altering the physical conditions that affect ecosystem processes and species distributions. While the effects of sea level rise on salt marshes and mangroves are well studied, we focus on its effects on coastal islands of freshwater forest in Florida's Big Bend region, extending a dataset initiated in 1992. In 2014–2015, we evaluated tree survival, regeneration, and understory composition in 13 previously established plots located along a tidal creek; 10 plots are on forest islands surrounded by salt marsh, and three are in continuous forest. Earlier studies found that salt stress from increased tidal flooding prevented tree regeneration in frequently flooded forest islands. Between 1992 and 2014, tidal flooding of forest islands increased by 22%–117%, corresponding with declines in tree species richness, regeneration, and survival of the dominant tree species, Sabal palmetto (cabbage palm) and Juniperus virginiana (southern red cedar). Rates of S. palmetto and J. virginiana mortality increased nonlinearly over time on the six most frequently flooded islands, while salt marsh herbs and shrubs replaced forest understory vegetation along a tidal flooding gradient. Frequencies of tidal flooding, rates of tree mortality, and understory composition in continuous forest stands remained relatively stable, but tree regeneration substantially declined. Long-term trends identified in this study demonstrate the effect of sea level rise on spatial and temporal community reassembly trajectories that are dynamically re-shaping the unique coastal landscape of the Big Bend.
Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Control in Nursery Pots Treated with Beauveria bassiana and Bifenthrin

Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin GHA strain was tested alone and in combination with different rates of bifenthrin for control of red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, in potted nursery medium. The fungus killed fire ant workers in the potting medium, but was not effective at eliminating infestations in all containers. Bifenthrin at a rate of 1.18 kg Talstar™ (nursery granular, 0.2% Al) per m3 soil alone performed better than B. bassiana alone; however, bifenthrin was also inconsistent in eliminating fire ants from all pots over the 4 yrs of the study. When B. bassiana was combined with reduced rates (1/4 and 1/2) of bifenthrin in 2001, infestations were eliminated from treated pots within 96 h each time workers were added to the pots for the 7-wk test period. The number of infested bifenthrin + B. bassiana-treated pots was significantly lower than the number of infested untreated pots on all 19 sampling dates in 2001. Use of bifenthrin + B. bassiana was as effective or more effective tha...
Types of Transformational Changes From Conflicting Ethics Logics

It is well established within the organizational change, ethics, and institutional theory literatures that organizations and institutions can have conflicting ethics logics and that there are chang...
The Attitude-Engagement Model Within-Persons: An ESM Study of Attitudes and Behavioral Engagement

Although a large body of research has attempted to answer the question, “is a happy worker a more productive worker?”, by examining the relationship between job attitudes and behaviors, results are...
Proton pump inhibitor use and the risk of fractures among an older adult cohort.

Purpose The purpose of the study is to determine if the use of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is associated with an increased fracture risk, as some prior studies have suggested. Methods This retrospective cohort study included data on 4438 participants aged 65 and older who had no fracture in the year prior to baseline and had ≥5 years of enrollment history in Kaiser Permanente Washington, an integrated healthcare delivery system in Seattle, WA, during 1994 to 2014. Time-varying cumulative exposure to PPIs was determined from automated pharmacy data by summing standard daily doses (SDDs) across fills, and patients were categorized as no use (reference group, ≤30 SDD), light use (31-540 SDD), moderate use (541-1080 SDD), and heavy use (≥1081 SDD). Incident fractures were assessed using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes from electronic medical records. Potential confounders, chosen a priori, were assessed at baseline and at each 2-year follow-up visit. Fracture risk was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results Over a mean follow-up of 6.1 years, 802 (18.1%) participants experienced a fracture. No overall association was found between PPI use and fracture risk. Adjusted hazard ratios comparing users to the referent category were 1.08 (95% CI 0.83-1.40) for light users, 1.31 (95% CI 0.86-1.95) for moderate users, and 0.95 (95% CI 0.68-1.34) for heavy users. Among patients with SSD > 30, no appreciable increase in fracture risk was present in persons with recent versus distant use (adjusted hazard ratio of 1.14 [95% CI 0.91-1.42]). Conclusions No association was observed between PPI use and fracture risk among older adults.
The Narrative Dialectic of the Bhagavad Gita

The Bhagavad Gita ’s textual fabric includes several modes of speech, creating an interplay of various symbolic forms. In this paper I analyse this interplay with the help of a classification of types of narrative that is derived from the philosophy of myth. Each of these types emerges from the less self-reflexive and less self-conscious forms and in turn generates a more self-reflexive and more self-aware one, but in this successive generation they do not cancel one another out and conceptually prior modes continue to coexist with the subsequent ones. The sequence of the types of speech that I use proceeds from myth to trickster’s speech to epic poetry to drama to philosophy and, finally, to mythosophy. The Gita is a dramatic dialogue that starts with philosophical speech, reaches the climax in mythosophy, and ends with the theology of bhakti . Krishna is presented in it as a personalistic embodiment of universal intelligence, the new Absolute constituting the most important religious-philosophical breakthrough that occurs in the Song. I close the paper with reflections on boundaries among the world’s cultural-historical traditions as the primary sites where the meaning of human communication is formed – in contrast to the older single-origin theories and today’s multiple-origin celebrations of ambiguity. The meaning of artworks, historical processes, and cultural identities can be compared to the music produced by the boundary-like membranes of musical instruments.
The Most Stupid of Political Crimes

Memories of 1914 underpinned the overall sense of dread in the first few volatile days after the attack. Governments quickly reexamined their policies in the wake of the loss of two of Europe’s most prominent political leaders. Italy and Hungary scrambled to deny any responsibility and divert attention, even as evidence increasingly implicated them both. If Yugoslavia made formal accusations or even issued an ultimatum, a violent reaction would be almost inevitable. The Marseilles attack also made the question of terrorism a matter of serious debate. Some states now began to advocate international action against terrorist organizations. But others feared alienating Italy or provoking Hungary, thereby putting an end to plans for greater political cooperation in Europe, especially in containing Nazi Germany and maintaining peace.
3 – Polymeric Reagents

Polymeric reagents and catalysts have evolved from the polymers used in ion exchange and in solid phase peptide synthesis. Most ion exchange resins are prepared by functionalization of cross-linked polystyrenes, and are used for water purification and as acidic and basic catalysts.1 Peptides are synthesized on similar polystyrene supports.2, 3 Multistep modifications of polymers are used to produce non-commercial reagents and catalysts.4–13 However, peptide and nucleotide syntheses still provide the best-developed examples of polymeric reagents, and ion exchange resins are the most widely used polymer-supported catalysts.
Designer DNA architectures for bionanotechnology

The central task of nanotechnology is to control motions and organize matter with nanometer precision. To achieve this, scientists have investigated a large variety of materials including inorganic materials, organic molecules, and biological polymers as well as different methods that can be sorted into so-called “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches. Among all of the remarkable achievements made, the success of DNA self-assembly in building programmable nanopatterns has attracted broad attention. Self-assembling DNA nanostructures assembled in this fashion can be modified in a number of ways to contain functional materials with useful biological and electronic properties. This ‘bottom-up’ type of approach has enormous value in the development of “molecular printboards” with resolution exceeding current nanolithographic methods. This talk will discuss some of our recent progress in using DNA as an information-coding polymer for bionanotechnology applications. Specifically, I will discuss our strategy of engineering 3D DNA origami architectures with complex curvatures and discuss perspectives of how to scale up DNA origami nano-constructions. I will use DNA directed self-assembly of hetero-elements as examples to demonstrate potential of structural DNA nanotechnology in practical applications ranging from biophysics to nano-theronostics to energy transfers.
Plays of the Second Thatcher Ministry: “Demolition Needs a Drawing, Too”

This chapter investigates the oppositional history plays of the Second Thatcher Ministry. While many of the oppositional history plays of the First Thatcher Ministry focused on the nineteenth century, the plays and productions of this ministry cast a much wider net. Pennino contends that David Edgar’s Entertaining Strangers, a work in the shadows of Nicholas Nickleby , deploys all the tools necessary in successfully dramatizing an oppositional history. He further demonstrates that Sarah Daniels with Byrthrite builds upon the feminist groundwork laid by Caryl Churchill with Vinegar Tom . The chapter offers detailed assessments of Timberlake Wertenbaker’s The Grace of Mary Traverse , Howard Barker’s The Castle , Churchill’s Serious Money , and Howard Brenton’s Bloody Poetry .
Education Research: Simulation training for neurology residents on acquiring tPA consent: An educational initiative.

The time-sensitive nature of acute ischemic stroke diagnosis and treatment with IV tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) presents a unique set of challenges for obtaining informed consent. Despite guideline recommendations that informed consent is indicated for thrombolysis,1 there is no accepted standardized consent process for thrombolytic administration and wide variability has been reported.2 Refusal of IV-tPA based on incorrect or incomplete understanding of its risks and benefits has the potential to affect morbidity after ischemic stroke, particularly for minority race/ethnic groups.3
Online symptom checker diagnostic and triage accuracy for HIV and hepatitis C.

We sought to address the prior limitations of symptom checker accuracy by analysing the diagnostic and triage feasibility of online symptom checkers using a consecutive series of real-life emergency department (ED) patient encounters, and addressing a complex patient population – those with hepatitis C or HIV. We aimed to study the diagnostic and triage accuracy of these symptom checkers in relation to an emergency room physician-determined diagnosis. An ED retrospective analysis was performed on 8363 consecutive adult patients. Eligible patients included: 90 HIV, 67 hepatitis C, 11 both HIV and hepatitis C. Five online symptom checkers were utilised for diagnosis (Mayo Clinic, WebMD, Symptomate, Symcat, Isabel), three with triage capabilities. Symptom checker output was compared with ED physician-determined diagnosis data in regards to diagnostic accuracy and differential diagnosis listing, along with triage advice. All symptom checkers, whether for combined HIV and hepatitis C, HIV alone or hepatitis C alone had poor diagnostic accuracy in regards to Top1 (<20%), Top3 (<35%), Top10 (<40%), Listed at All (<45%). Significant variations existed for each individual symptom checker, as some appeared more accurate for listing the diagnosis in the top of the differential, vs. others more apt to list the diagnosis at all. In regards to ED triage data, a significantly higher percentage of hepatitis C patients (59.7%; 40/67) were found to have an initial diagnosis with emergent criteria than HIV patients (35.6%; 32/90). Symptom checker diagnostic capabilities are quite inferior to physician diagnostic capabilities. Complex patients such as those with HIV or hepatitis C may carry a more specific differential diagnosis, warranting symptom checkers to have diagnostic algorithms accounting for such complexity. Symptom checkers carry the potential for real-time epidemiologic monitoring of patient symptoms, as symptom entries and subsequent symptom checker diagnosis could allow health officials a means to track illnesses in specific patient populations and geographic regions. In order to do this, accurate and reliable symptom checkers are warranted.
Role of dexmedetomidine in prevention of agitation during recovery from pediatric anesthesia with sevoflurane

Objective To explore the effect of preemptive analgesia with different doses of dexmedetomidine on postoperative agitation.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ children undergoing cheiloplasty were randomly divided into low-dose dexmedetomidine group (group D1,n =20),moderate-dose dexmedetomidine group (group D2,n =20),and control group (group C,n =20).Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane for tracheal intubation.In groups D1 and D2,0.2 μ g/kg and 0.4 μ g /kg dexmedetominde were administered intravenously after intubation,and in group C,normal saline was administered.Anesthesia was maintained with uses of sevoflurane.Results There were no significant differences in time to consciousness recovery,extubation time,and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) among the three groups (P＞0.05).As compared with group C,heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly decreased during extubation and 10 min after extubation in group D1 and D2.The incidence of postoperative agitation was decreased significantly,and sedation extent was increased significantly in group D2 (P＜0.01).Conclusions Dexmedetominde can effectively prevent postoperative agitation during consciousness recovery in children receiving inhalational sevoflurane. Key words: Dexmedetomidine; Anesthesia with sevoflurane; Agitation consciousness recovery; Younger children
Cellular magnetic domains in Fe-Ga alloys

A peculiar magnetic domain pattern (so-called cellular domain structure) was recently observed in Fe–Ga alloys, which was claimed to be responsible for desirable hysteresis-free and isotropic magnetization behaviors and to be associated with the reported non-Joulian magnetism [H. D. Chopra and M. Wuttig, Nature 521, 340 (2015)]. So far, such cellular domain phenomenon is observed only in Fe–Ga single crystal specimens of thin disk shape and with special thermal history. In this Letter, we report that the cellular domain structure is also observed in as-cast polycrystalline Fe–Ga alloys that are simply synthesized by arc-melting without special thermal treatment. For comparison, the cellular domains observed in an Fe–Ga single crystal specimen of rectangular prism shape are also presented. The cellular domain structure is discussed in light of a surface domain phenomenon and is found to be well interpreted by the Stephan model [Von W. Stephan, Exp. Tech. Phys. 4, 153 (1956)] based on classical domain theory, contrary to the Chopra–Wuttig model relying on the hypothesized charge density wave theory.
Optimal Quickest Change Detection in Sensor Networks Using Ordered Transmissions

Quickest change detection in a sensor network is considered where each sensor observes a sequence of random variables and transmits its local information on the observations to a fusion center. At an unknown point in time, the distribution of the observations at all sensors changes. The objective is to detect the change in distribution as soon as possible, subject to a false alarm constraint. We consider minimax formulations for this problem and propose a new approach where transmissions are ordered and halted when sufficient information is accumulated at the fusion center. We show that the proposed approach can achieve the optimal performance equivalent to the centralized cumulative sum (CUSUM) algorithm while requiring fewer sensor transmissions. Numerical results for a shift in mean of independent and identically distributed Gaussian observations show significant communication savings for the case where the change seldom occurs which is frequently true in many important applications.
Physical Performance Improves With Time and a Functional Knee Brace in Athletes After ACL Reconstruction

Background:Athletes who return to sport (RTS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often have reduced physical performance and a high reinjury rate. Additionally, it is currently ...
Complications and Factors Associated with Reoperation following Total Wrist Fusion.

Background Total wrist fusion can be elected to relieve pain in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. This study aimed to investigate the overall complications and the factors associated with reoperation and soft tissue complication after total wrist fusion. Methods We retrospectively identified adult patients who underwent total wrist fusion using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision (ICD-9 and ICD-10) and verified these by medical chart review. We included patients (n = 215) who were treated at a single institutional system from January 1, 2002 to January 1, 2019. The mean age was 53.3 ± 15.0 years and the median follow-up was 6.1 years (interquartile range [IQR] =1.7–9.0). The most common indications for wrist fusion included inflammatory arthritis (n = 66, 31%), degenerative arthritis (n = 59, 27%), and posttraumatic arthritis (n = 47, 22%). All wrist fusions were performed using a dorsal fusion plate or dorsal spanning plate, either with a local autograft (n = 167, 78%), iliac crest autograft (n = 2, 1.0%), allograft (n = 7, 3.3%), a combination of both (n = 16, 7.4%), or without a graft (n = 23, 11%). We performed a multivariable logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with reoperation. In addition, we performed a similar analysis to identify the factors associated with soft tissue complication after total wrist fusion. Results Forty-one (19%) patients underwent reoperation at a median of 6.9 months (IQR = 3.9–18). The indications included symptomatic implants (n = 12, 27%), implant failures (n = 8, 20%), infections (n = 7, 17%), and nonunions (n = 6, 15%). In multivariable analysis, total wrist fusion of the dominant hand (odds ratio [OR]: 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–4.7, p = 0.033) was associated with a higher reoperation rate. Soft tissue complications occurred in 20 patients (9.3%) consisting of hematomas (n = 8, 3.7%), observed blistering (n = 5, 2.3%), and observed wound dehiscence (n = 4, 1.9%). In multivariable analysis, smoking (OR: 2.5, CI: 0.95–6.4, p = 0.010) was independently associated with soft tissue complication after total wrist fusion. Seventy-two (33%) patients had a postoperative complication including symptomatic hardware (n = 16, 7.4%), implant failure (n = 11, 5.1%), infection (n = 11, 5.1%), nonunion (n = 8, 3.7%), and carpal tunnel syndrome (n = 4, 1.9%). Conclusion Roughly one-third (33%) of the patients undergoing total wrist fusion experience a postoperative complication and 19% of the patients underwent a reoperation. Total wrist fusion of the dominant hand results in higher reoperation rates. The risk of a soft tissue complication after total wrist fusion is increased in smokers.