cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Evidence for Disease Modification in Parkinson's Disease

Disease modification or slowing the progression of any neurodegenerative disorder represents a dire unmet need. There have been trials for several decades specifically designed to help evaluate whether a specific therapy might be able to slow the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) or be disease modifying. Trials evaluating the use of coenzyme Q10, pramipexole, and levodopa suggest that these medications offer symptomatic benefit uniquely, while other studies reveal that rasagiline and selegiline may be disease modifying. This review will discuss in detail the design and results of clinical trials for varied medical therapies that were specifically undertaken to discern whether a particular treatment might be disease modifying in the treatment of PD.
Relict Nature of Sediments and Submarine Topography off Alligator Harbor, Florida: ABSTRACT

An offshore area south of Alligator Harbor, Florida, contains several linear offshore shoals separated by relatively flat-floored "valleys." Eighty-six samples from End_Page 2037------------------------------ this area were analyzed for texture by standard laboratory technique. The simplest model of sediment distribution applicable is one of increased grain size and decreased sorting with increased water depth. The correlation of this pattern and other lithologic attributes with a vertical stratigraphic section from an onshore boring suggests that the sampled area represents a subaerially eroded surface in which there has been limited modification by marine processes during the most recent rise in sea level. This modification consists of movement of the finer fraction onto the shoals with minor return movement to some of the deeper channels. The deposition of finer sediments on these previous topographic highs may have accentuated the original (subaerial) relief. End_of_Article - Last_Page 2038------------
Environments for creativity: a lab for making things

We have, with our students, engaged in cross-disciplinary research in design. We describe parameters and principles that we have found helpful in organizing and conducting this kind of work. A variety of projects that have been developed in our group illustrate these parameters and principles. Our group focuses on making and we have come to see creativity as grounded in the ability to make things.
The Presbyterian and Congregational Convention of Wisconsin, 1840-1850

The Plan of Union adopted in 1801 by the General Association of Connecticut and the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church was a memorable expression of the spirit of Christian unity in the face of a great missionary task. But its particular provisions for the working together of the Congregational and Presbyterian polities were little utilized. The “Accommodation Plan” adopted in 1808 was the main instrument of organization in the spirit of the Plan of Union. According to this a Congregational church, remaining such internally, might join a presbytery and be represented in the presbytery by its minister and a lay delegate. Such churches received the nickname “Presbygational”, or were called “Plan of Union churches.”
To be, or not to be, related: how female guppies bias sperm usage

In the Descent of Man, Darwin wrote “the power to charm the female has sometimes been more important than the power to conquer other males in battle” (Darwin 1871). Since his pioneering work, the field of sexual selection has exploded as biologists strive to understand how females bias fertilization towards preferred males. In the context of genetic relatedness between potential mates, two main hypotheses exist to explain female mating preferences. First, a female may bias fertilization towards genetically dissimilar males if she gains evolutionary fitness through the production of genetically diverse offspring – a model known as dissortative mating or inbreeding avoidance. Second, a female may favour genetically similar males if her offspring are more likely to inherit coadapted gene complexes – a model known as assortative mating or outbreeding avoidance. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Gasparini et al. (2015) demonstrate that female guppies bias fertilization towards males which are more related to them at major histocompatibility (MHC) class IIB genes. Amazingly, this bias occurs after insemination of sperm from two different males.
Tropical Cyclone Eye Thermodynamics

In intense tropical cyclones, sea level pressures at the center are 50‐100 hPa lower than outside the vortex, but only 10‐30 hPa of the total pressure fall occurs inside the eye between the eyewall and the center. Warming by dry subsidence accounts for this fraction of the total hydrostatic pressure fall. Convection in the eyewall causes the warming by doing work on the eye to force the thermally indirect subsidence. Soundings inside hurricane eyes show warm and dry air aloft, separated by an inversion from cloudy air below. Dewpoint depressions at the inversion level, typically 850‐500 hPa, are 10‐30 K rather than the ;100 K that would occur if the air descended from tropopause level without dilution by the surrounding cloud. The observed temperature and dewpoint distribution above the inversion can, however, be derived by ;100 hPa of undilute dry subsidence from an initial sounding that is somewhat more stable than a moist adiabat. It is hypothesized that the air above the inversion has remained in the eye since it was enclosed when the eyewall formed and that it has subsided at most a few kilometers. The cause of the subsidence is the enclosed air’s being drawn downward toward the inversion level as the air below it flows outward into the eyewall. Shrinkage of the eye’s volume is more than adequate to supply the volume lost as dry air is incorporated into the eyewall or converted to moist air by turbulent mixing across the eye boundary. The moist air below the inversion is in thermodynamic contact with the sea surface. Its moisture derives from evaporation of seawater inside the eye, frictional inflow of moist air under the eyewall, and from moist downdrafts induced as condensate mixes into the eye. The moist air’s residence time in the eye is much shorter than that of the dry air above the inversion. The height of the inversion is determined by the balance between evaporation, inflow, and inward mixing on one hand and loss to the eyewall updrafts on the other.
Facilitating adult learner persistence through innovative scheduling and teaching methods

Adult non-traditional students have different educational goals and outcomes than their undergraduate counterparts, as well as more responsibilities and distractions making persistence to complete a degree more challenging. It is therefore important to examine drivers that improve adult student perseverance such as degree of involvement in learning, integration into the learning community, relevance of course content and validation. Instructional approaches and scheduling methods that improve the learning experience for adult students are also examined, including use of accelerated, intensive, and block scheduling, use of technology to facilitate student interaction outside of class, and replacement of pedagogical techniques with andragogical methods. An integrated model of adult learner persistence was developed demonstrating the factors and relationships affecting adult learner persistence. Insights gained from the FDU GBM programme and recommendations on how to better engage adult students, improve learning and support persistence conclude the paper, together with areas for future research.
Time optimal attitude control for a rigid body

A time optimal control problem is studied for the attitude dynamics of a rigid body. The objective is to minimize the maneuver time to rotate the rigid body to a desired attitude and angular velocity while subject to constraints on the control input. Necessary conditions for optimality are developed directly on the special orthogonal group using rotation matrices. They completely avoid singularities associated with local parameterizations such as Euler angles, and they are expressed as compact vector equations. In addition, a discrete-time control method based on a geometric numerical integrator, referred to as a Lie group variational integrator, is proposed to compute the optimal control input that respects the underlying geometric properties of the rigid body. The proposed method is demonstrated by a large-angle time optimal maneuver for an elliptic cylinder rigid body.
Impact of Family Planning Nurse Practitioners

A survey of family planning clinics shows that over half of responding clinics utilize the services of nurse practitioners and delegate to them considerable responsibility for patient care. Reported benefits from the use of family planning nurse practitioners as primary service providers include improved utilization of physician time, wider range of services, greater patient satisfaction, and increased patient volume. Findings indicate that family planning nurse practitioners have become an integral and important part of the family planning delivery system in the United States.
Molecular basis of ‘ hypoxic ’ breast cancer cell radio-sensitization: phytochemicals converge on radiation induced Rel signaling

Background Heterogeneously distributed hypoxic areas are a characteristic property of locally advanced breast cancers (BCa) and generally associated with therapeutic resistance, metastases, and poor patient survival. About 50% of locally advanced BCa, where radiotherapy is less effective are suggested to be due to hypoxic regions. In this study, we investigated the potential of bioactive phytochemicals in radio-sensitizing hypoxic BCa cells.
A Race for the Base ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Systems of Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

> “If you build it for the poor, the rich can come. If you build it for the rich, the poor can’t come.” > > – C.K. Prahalad Four billion people in the world live on ≈$5 a day or less, most in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).1 They face a host of economic and social hurdles, and noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, are a growing component of those challenges. Over the last several decades, cardiovascular diseases have become responsible for a rising toll of death and disability among people in LMICs.2 These conditions are now the leading cause of death in almost every region around the world. Furthermore, they may have a disparate impact on the economies of many LMICs, where they seem to preferentially affect working-age adults. In Brazil, approximately one third of deaths among people 35 to 64 years of age in coming years will be because of cardiovascular diseases as opposed to ≈10% in the United States.3 Article see p 9 The reasons behind this rising worldwide epidemic in cardiovascular diseases are well established. An epidemiological transition has occurred during recent years in many large LMICs, such as China, India, and Brazil, which is closely linked to dramatic economic developments.4 As malnutrition and infectious diseases decline, a large number of individuals in these countries are living longer and experiencing more chronic diseases traditionally associated with affluent societies, such as coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and cancer. The impact of these diseases on LMICs has been further modified by …
Dichloro­diquinoxalinezinc(II)

In the title mol­ecular structure, [ZnCl2(C8H6N2)2], two quinoxaline ligands are mono-coordinated to a ZnII atom. With two chloride ions, they form a distorted tetra­hedral coordination geometry. The combination of π stacking inter­actions between inversion-related quinoxaline ligands and the coordination to zinc creates layers parallel to the bc plane.
Escalation Of Commitment In MIS Projects: A Meta-Analysis

Escalation of commitment emerged as a major explanation for the propensity of management information systems projects to exceed time and budget constraints. Earlier studies demonstrated that escalation in MIS is a common event. This study presents a meta-analysis of the various theories of escalation that allows for integration of the various escalation factors into a model of irrational escalation and a model of rational escalation. The implications of rational and irrational escalation for the decision making in management of information systems are discussed.
G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells following acute mental stress.

Abstract Aims This study investigated G-protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) density in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and its relationship to plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations following acute mental stress. Main methods Apparently healthy males ( n = 20; 21.3 ± 0.55 years) participated in an acute mental stress task. Heart rate was measured at baseline and throughout mental stress. Plasma epinephrine (EPI), norepinephrine (NE), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays before, immediately following, and 30, 60 and 120 min after the mental stress task. GRK2 density was measured by western blot technique at the same time points. Key findings Acute mental stress elicited significant elevations in HR, and plasma EPI and NE. Additionally, GRK2 density increased significantly across time following the stress task. Post hoc analyses revealed that GRK2 density was significantly elevated at 30 and 60 min following acute stress. A significant positive correlation was observed between GRK2 density and plasma EPI, while a significant negative correlation was revealed between GRK2 density and TNF-α across all time points. Significance Acute mental stress significantly increased GRK2 density in PBMCs of young adult males. Furthermore, although plasma IL-6 and TNF-α did not change following mental stress, it remains unknown whether a longer time period was needed to observe a pro-inflammatory state associated with the desensitization of β-adrenergic receptor activity. Our findings that GRK2 expression is promptly increased in PBMC following an acute stress task, may suggest a link between stress and intracellular inflammatory signaling.
Producing and Explaining Charisma: A Case Study of the Films of Alejandro Jodorowsky

This media review investigates the production of charisma in the case of Alejandro Jodorowsky, analyzing the category of charisma and detailing the process by which Jodorowsky was perceived to hold charismatic authority. In doing so, it demonstrates some of the ways in which religious authority became entangled with the institution of film-watching in the United States. Alejandro Jodorowsky is a Chilean filmmaker, wellknown for directing El Topo (1971). He was recently featured in the documentary Jodorowsky’s Dune (2013) detailing his failed ambition to direct a spiritually infused version of the science fiction novel Dune. He also recently released The Dance of Reality (2013) to positive critical reviews after a thirty-year hiatus from filmmaking.
CHAPTER 4 – SUBSUMPTION

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the incorporation of clause elimination by θ-subsumption. It is seen that θ-subsumption can be utilized with most of the variants. For the most restrictive variants, special constraints arise for implementing θ-subsumption. For the indexing restriction, the chapter presents a proof of the safety of replacement and proper forward θ-subsumption only for the empty setting and when merging and factoring occur only for like-indexed literals. These conditions can be weakened, but it is either difficult to state or to prove the generalizations. Nonlinear restrictions such as set-of-support and dual A-ordering resolution are seen to permit normal use of replacement and proper forward θ-subsumption. Linear variants employing ordering and s-resolvents need to utilize the device of shadow literals in O-clauses to retain the advantages of the s-resolution operation while permitting replacement and proper forward θ-subsumption. Such a device is not needed for less constrained linear resolutions. Subsumption rules permit the elimination of clauses already generated. They are particularly of interest when the deductions of concern are refutations. With subsumption, not only is deleting newly generated clauses other than tautologies and variants explored in the chapter but also the elimination or replacement by simpler clauses of clauses that are indeed necessary to retain until a better clause is derived.
Development of the Friendships and Social Skills Test (FASST): A Parent Report Measure

This paper describes the initial development of the Friendships and Social Skills Test (FASST), a clinically oriented 25-item parent report measure of child peer relationships and social skills in a community (N = 423) and clinical sample (N = 159) of elementary school age children. Confirmatory factor analyses supported five factors measuring pro-social skills, negative peer directed behavior, friendship interactions, peer victimization, and the level of concern expressed about a child’s social functioning. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability of the FASST factors predominately ranged from moderate to very good. Validity was supported through higher scores in at-risk and clinical groups compared to children in the community and through correlations with an existing measure of social skills and emotional and behavioral functioning. Cross-informant validity was supported by correlations with teacher-report. Moreover, the scales measuring negative social behaviors and pro-social skills predicted changes in peer victimization and concern expressed about the child over a 1-year duration. By assessing positive and negative aspects of peer-directed behaviors and relationships the FASST has the potential to facilitate the identification and treatment of childhood social deficits in mental health settings.
Two-Dimensional Flow Over Sills in Open Channels

An ideal fluid is used to approximate the two-dimensional flow of a real fluid over sills in an open channel. The computation of the location of the free surface, the velocity, and the pressure at any point in the flow is made possible by a general theory that used complex function theory and conformal mapping. This general theory is derived by considering flow over a simple, vertical step in an open channel. The theory is expanded to include flow over polygonal sills and, finally, to cover flow over smooth sills and through smooth transitions. Numerical examples are given for particular flow configurations.
Band-selective ballistic energy transport in alkane oligomers: toward controlling the transport speed.

Intramolecular transport of vibrational energy in two series of oligomers featuring alkane chains of various length was studied by relaxation-assisted two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. The transport was initiated by exciting various end-group modes (tags) such as different modes of the azido (ν(N≡N) and ν(N═N)), carboxylic acid (ν(C═O)), and succinimide ester (νas(C═O)) with short mid-IR laser pulses. It is shown that the transport via alkane chains is ballistic and the transport speed is dependent on the type of the tag mode that initiates the transport. The transport speed of 8.0 A/ps was observed when initiated by either ν(C═O) or νas(C═O). When initiated by ν(N≡N) and ν(N═N), the transport speed of 14.4 ± 2 and 11 ± 4 A/ps was observed. Analysis of the vibrational relaxation channels of different tags, combined with the results for the group velocity evaluation, permits identification of the chain bands predominantly contributing to the transport for different cases of the transport initiation. F...
Promotion of Sun-Protective Behaviors

Promoting sun-protective behaviors is important because decreased exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) reduces the risk of skin cancer. However, many individuals deliberately engage in overexposure to UVR for cosmetic purposes. Due to this and other factors, the need for prevention programs is clear. Several efficacious prevention strategies have been developed for the health care setting.
Electronic medical record phenotyping using the anchor and learn framework

Background Electronic medical records (EMRs) hold a tremendous amount of information about patients that is relevant to determining the optimal approach to patient care. As medicine becomes increasingly precise, a patient’s electronic medical record phenotype will play an important role in triggering clinical decision support systems that can deliver personalized recommendations in real time. Learning with anchors presents a method of efficiently learning statistically driven phenotypes with minimal manual intervention. Materials and Methods We developed a phenotype library that uses both structured and unstructured data from the EMR to represent patients for real-time clinical decision support. Eight of the phenotypes were evaluated using retrospective EMR data on emergency department patients using a set of prospectively gathered gold standard labels. Results We built a phenotype library with 42 publicly available phenotype definitions. Using information from triage time, the phenotype classifiers have an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of infection 0.89, cancer 0.88, immunosuppressed 0.85, septic shock 0.93, nursing home 0.87, anticoagulated 0.83, cardiac etiology 0.89, and pneumonia 0.90. Using information available at the time of disposition from the emergency department, the AUC values are infection 0.91, cancer 0.95, immunosuppressed 0.90, septic shock 0.97, nursing home 0.91, anticoagulated 0.94, cardiac etiology 0.92, and pneumonia 0.97. Discussion The resulting phenotypes are interpretable and fast to build, and perform comparably to statistically learned phenotypes developed with 5000 manually labeled patients. Conclusion Learning with anchors is an attractive option for building a large public repository of phenotype definitions that can be used for a range of health IT applications, including real-time decision support.
First Annual Competition Winners for Best Articles of the Year

We want to begin by thanking the Eastern Academy of Management Fellows as well as our publisher, Routledge, Taylor & Francis for their kind donations of a total of $500 to fund the two Best Article...
The Preliminary Discussion on Modeling of Warfare Decision-making Behavior (WDMB)Based on the Technique of Multi-agent

There is the great practical significance to research on the decision-making behavior of crises using scientific means and methods that can result in military conflicts or wars. The method of modeling based on agent is one of the most energetic and influencing methods in the field of modeling. The paper systematically summarizes the prime viewpoints and the achievements of decision-making behavior modeling and simulation in recent years in the field of cognitive science, psychology, behavioral science, sociology, computer science and so on, puts forward some problems that should intensively study and break through during the research of modeling and simulation (MS) of WDMB, and also analyzes the trend of MS of WDMB in a certain degree.
Neuroleptic withdrawal in patients meeting criteria for supersensitivity psychosis

In an attempt to prospectively validate the existence of supersensitivity psychosis (SSP), five schizophrenic patients meeting Chouinard's criteria for SSP and five non-SSP schizophrenic controls had neuroleptic treatment withdrawn for 2 weeks under double-blind conditions. The sudden worsening of psychotic symptoms and tardive dyskinesia postulated in the SSP group was not observed on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Clinical Global Impressions scale, and the Abbreviated Dyskinesia Rating Scale. In conclusion, the authors' pilot data do not seem to support the existence of SSP.
Getting Started: Questions, Community Agreements, Consent, Institutional Approval, and Funding

Given the increasingly multicultural nature of much of the world and the multiplicity of sub-cultures recognized within a culture, it would be unusual for a researcher to enter any research study without some cross-cultural issues being present. This chapter covers what one must consider when getting started in cross-cultural research: one’s motivation, the generation of questions, establishing connections, receiving consent for entering another culture, and the funding to do so.
Danger and Difference: The Stakes of Hebephilia

The diagnostic category of “hebephilia” (the erotic preference for pubescent children) was suggested in 2008 for inclusion in the DSM-5. Immediately, a violent debate took place about whether this condition should be considered a disease or not, and the proposal to include hebephilia in the DSM-5 was rejected in 2012. In this paper I argue that the debate about the diagnostic validity of hebephilia was profoundly misguided. I first describe how the diagnosis of hebephilia plays a role in “sexually violent predator” (SVP) laws, which can preventively deprive “dangerous” people of their liberty if they are deemed mentally ill (for instance by suffering from hebephilia). I show that the legal requirement of mental illness for the application of SVP laws is supposed to serve two functions: to identify the most dangerous people, and to define them out of humanity by transforming them into quasi animals, thus safeguarding the constitutionality of SVP laws in a liberal context. I then argue that it fails to accomplish both tasks, and that the debate about hebephilia should have targeted this unsound legal requirement itself. Instead, because it was centered around the issue of diagnostic validity, the hebephilia debate rested on an implicit acceptance of the requirement of mental illness for the application of SVP laws.
ON-BOARD STORAGE OF HYDROGEN FOR VEHICULAR USE

The storage of hydrogen onboard an automobile-size vehicle remains the most critical, technical problem to be solved before hydrogen may be considered a truly viable alternate fuel. Technological advances in light-weight, high pressure vessels now allow consideration of gas storage; continued developments of metallic hydride and cryogenic systems assure a workable system albeit for a range less than that customary today. The use of chemical compounds rich in hydrogen (methanol, ammonia) that may be decomposed to yield hydrogen in a controlled manner offer hope for greater range, but pose severe control problems. Each method is reviewed, its advantages and disadvantages discussed.
Laparoscopic approach to colo-renal fistula with renal preservation and omentoplasty: A case report

Colorenal fistula as a result of percutaneous cryoablation has not been extensively reported. We report a gentleman who presented with urosepsis after percutaneous biopsy of a renal mass complicated by colorenal fistula. After failed attempts at conservative management, he underwent laparoscopic resection of his fistula with renal salvage and omentoplasty highlighting that nephrectomy is not always indicated.
Troubled Traditions: Female Adaptive Education in British Colonial Africa

ABSTRACTThis article examines African female education reform between the wars as a conjuncture of transnational philanthropic initiatives and state and missionary objectives on the ground. Through a comparative treatment of four schools in West, East and South-Central Africa, it shows that the search to recover and re-create the authentic African subject was a gendered process that aimed to critique one brand of colonialism (settler and industrial capitalism) by bolstering another (indirect rule). The schools at Achimota (Gold Coast), Kabete (Kenya), Hope Fountain (Southern Rhodesia) and Mbereshi (Northern Rhodesia) all idealised women’s traditional education as the key to offsetting the dangers of modernisation and preserving the integrity of the social body, and ‘adapted’ their curricula accordingly to their perception of women’s normative economic and social roles. However, the internal contradictions of this project stymied any possibility of implementing it in a cohesive way, and even its advocates ...
Perceived motivations for corporate social responsibility initiatives in socially stigmatized industries

Abstract This CSR study explores how company-cause relationships and acknowledgement of benefit impacts perceived motivations and skepticism. Low-fit CSR appeared to be more in the public’s interest and more values-driven than high-fit. Acknowledgement of benefit did not impact skepticism—for a socially-stigmatized company, CSR fit appears most fundamental to public response.
Not All Perceptual Gaps Were Created Equal: Explicating the Third-Person Perception (TPP) as a Cognitive Fallacy

Explicating the third-person perception (TPP) as a cognitive fallacy in the process of comparative social judgment of media effects, we propose that not all self–other perceptual gaps in media effects should be considered as TPP. When there is reasonably valid and accurate information regarding self vis-a-vis others on media consumption and vulnerability to media influence, the associated self–other gaps in media effects are not exaggerations, hence, not TPP. TPP results from cognitive biases in information retrieval and application in the process of comparative social judgments. Such biases are in the forms of self-other information differential, assimilation, contrast, and anchoring effects. Caveats in interpretation of extant evidence and implications for future TPP research are discussed.
ERBB Signaling Interrupted: Targeting Ligand-Induced Pathway Activation

A patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma harboring a CD74-NRG1 gene rearrangement, which promotes ERBB2-ERBB3 heterodimerization and activation of downstream signaling, had an exceptional therapeutic response to an experimental anti-ERBB3 antibody. This result illustrates how NRG1 rearrangements, which are observed at a low frequency in a variety of solid tumors, may represent tractable therapeutic targets. Cancer Discov; 8(6); 676-8. ©2018 AACR.See related article by Drilon et al., p. 686.
Premio Javier Carvajal 2012: Notas sobre cultura arquitectónica británica 1945-1965

The abstract, white architecture of the inter-war British avant garde comes to a decisive end with the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. As a result the postwar period emerges somewhat divided as to what should become the new architecture of the moment with which to accommodate the needs and express the values of a newly progressive society. Although the allocation of certain stylistic tropes to different, socio-cultural situations was not so categorical as in the pre-war totalitarian societies, there were nonetheless comparable semantic inflections in British architecture over the twenty-year period which followed the end of the war. This is perhaps first evident in the prefabricated, lightweight modular building systems adopted for both emergency housing and school building; respectibely, for the accommodation of the bombed out population in the first instance and for the production of some 2500 schools in the second, most of which were built over the fifteen years between 1945 and 1960 as a consequence of the Education Act, put in place by the socialist government in 1946. Emergency housing needs were met by the minimalist, single story, prefabricated Portal house which was extensively built on vacant sites in major cities after the end of the war. The equally modular, prefabricated school system developed by the Ministry of Education came into being initially through the architect’s department of the Hertfordshire County Council, under the direction of C. H. Aslin. In both instances what one effectively encountered was a lightweight, steel panel system, bereft of any recognizable iconography apart from the fact the internal walls of the schools were finished in primary colors and were furnished with stackable Scandinavian wood and metal furniture plus indoor plants; the whole often being set in diminutive picturesque landscape.
Towards population scale activity recognition: a framework for handling data diversity

The rising popularity of the sensor-equipped smartphone is changing the possible scale and scope of human activity inference. The diversity in user population seen in large user bases can overwhelm conventional one-size-fits-all classication approaches. Although personalized models are better able to handle population diversity, they often require increased effort from the end user during training and are computationally expensive. In this paper, we propose an activity classification framework that is scalable and can tractably handle an increasing number of users. Scalability is achieved by maintaining distinct groups of similar users during the training process, which makes it possible to account for the differences between users without resorting to training individualized classifiers. The proposed framework keeps user burden low by leveraging crowd-sourced data labels, where simple natural language processing techniques in combination with multiinstance learning are used to handle labeling errors introduced by low-commitment everyday users. Experiment results on a large public dataset demonstrate that the framework can cope with population diversity irrespective of population size.
Statins in aortic stenosis: new data from a prospective clinical trial.

Degenerative aortic stenosis is the valve lesion in which our understanding of pathophysiology is most advanced. Degenerative changes in the aortic valve increase with age but do not inexorably lead to stenosis ([1][1]). Degenerative aortic stenosis has many similarities to atherosclerotic plaque
Inhibition of pancreatic secretion by enkephalin and morphine in dogs

Abstract The nature and extent of enkephalin- and morphine-induced inhibition of pancreatic bicarbonate and protein secretion were studied in dogs with chronic pancreatic fistulae after administering exogenous secretin or octapeptide of cholecystokinin and stimulants for the endogenous release of these hormones. Enkephalin and morphine competitively inhibited the pancreatic bicarbonate secretion induced either by exogenous secretin or duodenal acidification. This inhibition was partially reversed by naloxone, an opiate antagonist. Opiate substances also profoundly inhibited pancreatic protein response to octapeptide of cholecystokinin and to various stimulants of endogenous cholecystokinin release. We conclude that enkephalin and morphine strongly inhibit the pancreatic responses to exogenous and endogenous stimulants by a mechanism involving separate opiate receptors.
Molecular characterization of genomic regions for resistance to Pythium ultimum var. ultimum in the soybean cultivar Magellan

Two novel QTL for resistance to Pythium ultimum var. ultimum were identified in soybean using an Illumina SNP Chip and whole genome re-sequencing. Pythium ultimum var. ultimum is one of numerous Pythium spp. that causes severe pre- and post-emergence damping-off of seedlings and root rot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The objective of this research was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to P. ultimum var. ultimum in a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross of ‘Magellan’ (moderately resistant) and PI 438489B (susceptible). Two different mapping approaches were utilized: the universal soybean linkage panel (USLP 1.0) and the bin map constructed from whole genome re-sequencing (WGRS) technology. Two genomic regions associated with variation in three disease-related parameters were detected using both approaches, with the bin map providing higher resolution. Using WGRS, the first QTL were mapped within a 350-kbp region on Chr. 6 and explained 7.5–13.5% of the phenotypic variance. The second QTL were positioned in a 260-kbp confidence interval on Chr. 8 and explained 6.3–16.8% of the phenotypic variation. Candidate genes potentially associated with disease resistance were proposed. High-resolution genetic linkage maps with a number of significant SNP markers could benefit marker-assisted breeding and dissection of the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean resistance to Pythium damping-off in ‘Magellan.’ Additionally, the outputs of this study may encourage more screening of diverse soybean germplasm and utilization of genome-wide association studies to understand the genetic basis of quantitative disease resistance.
Impact of pre-travel consultation on clinical management and outcomes of travelers’ diarrhea: a retrospective cohort study

International travelers are at high risk of acquiring travelers’ diarrhea. Pre-travel consultation has been associated with lower rates of malaria, hepatitis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. The objective was to study the impact of pre-travel consultation on clinical management and outcomes of travelers’ diarrhea. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 1160 patients diagnosed with travelers’ diarrhea at Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN from 1994 to 2017. Variables included high-risk activities, post-travel care utilization, antimicrobial prescriptions, hospitalizations, and complications. Travelers were divided into those who sought (n = 256) and did not seek (n = 904) pre-travel consultation. The two groups were compared using the Wilcoxon test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for differences in traveler characteristics. More pre-travel consultation recipients were young Caucasians who had more post-travel infectious disease (ID) consultation [OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.9–5.3)], more stool sampling [OR 1.6 (95% CI 1.1–2.4)], and more antimicrobial prescriptions [OR 1.6 (95% CI 1.1–2.5)] for travelers’ diarrhea compared to the non-pre-travel consultation group. The pre-travel consultation group had shorter hospital stays (mean 1.8 days for pre-travel versus 3.3 days for non-pre-travel consultation group, p = 0.006) and reduced gastroenterology consultation rates [OR 0.4 (95% CI 0.2–0.9)]. 23 patients with positive stool cultures had Campylobacter susceptibilities performed; 65% (15/23) demonstrated intermediate susceptibility or resistance to ciprofloxacin. Pre-travel consultation was associated with higher rates of stool testing and antimicrobial prescriptions. The high rate of quinolone-resistant Campylobacter in our small sample suggests the need for judicious antimicrobial utilization. The pre-travel consultation group did have a shorter duration of hospitalization and reduced need for gastroenterology consultation for prolonged or severe symptoms, which are positive outcomes that reflect reduced morbidity of travelers’ diarrhea.
A Soft-Matter Biomolecular Memristor Synapse for Neuromorphic Systems

The goal of neuromorphic computing is to recreate the computational power and efficiency of the human brain with circuitry. The ability of the brain to solve complex real time tasks, while consuming 20 W of power on average, is made possible through its connection density, adaptability, and parallel processing. Recreating these features using traditional electronics circuit elements is incredibly difficult, and therefore, soft-matter memristors made of biomolecules similar to those found in biological synapses and capable of emulating various synaptic features can be used as neuromorphic hardware. In this work, we introduce and experimentally demonstrate an electronic neuron circuit capable of interacting with ionic, soft-matter memristors. These memristors are proven to exhibit short-term plasticity, especially paired-pulse facilitation and depression found in presynaptic terminals - features that are not found in state-of-the-art solid-state memristors. We make use of these features for applications in online learning by developing a synapse-neuron circuit which implements spike-rate-dependent plasticity (SRDP) as a learning function.
L-Splines

In this paper, we study the problem of unique interpolation and approximation by a class of spline functions,L-splines, containing as special cases the deficient and generalized spline functions ofAhlberg, Nilson, andWalsh [3, 5, 6], the Chebyshevian spline functions ofKarlin andZiegler [27], and the piecewise Hermite polynomial functions, as considered in [17]. We first give sufficient conditions for unique interpolation byL-spline functions in Section 2. Then, we obtain newL ? andL 2 error estimates for interpolation byL-splines in Section 4, and show that these error estimates are, in a certain sense, sharp. In addition, we make a similar study for theg-splines ofSchoenberg, cf. [44, 3], in Section 5. In Section 6, an application of these new error estimates is made to the analysis of the error made in the use of finite dimensional subspaces ofL-splines andg-splines. in the Rayleigh-Ritz procedure for the class of nonlinear two-point boundary value problems studied in [17]. Because of the rapid growth of the number of papers devoted to or connected with the topic of splines, we believe that a compilation of papers on splines for the reader's use is desirable, and such a list is found in the References at the end of this paper.
CholedochoClip: A Case of Obstructive Jaundice 14 Years after Cholecystectomy

Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal pathology that may result in surgical intervention. While cholecystectomy has relatively minimal risks, surgical clip migration is a rare complication that can cause severe morbidity and mortality. This report describes a rare phenomenon of a biliary stone forming onto a migrated surgical clip 14 years after cholecystectomy causing an obstructive jaundice. This case illustrates the importance of keeping a migrated surgical clip on the differential when encountering patients with symptoms of cholangitis after cholecystectomy.
Persons with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome exhibit altered pelvifemoral coordination during weightbearing and non-weightbearing tasks.

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported that persons with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) have diminished posterior tilt of the pelvis during functional tasks. It is not known how this movement impairment impacts pelvifemoral coordination during weightbearing and non-weightbearing movements. Methods Fifteen persons with a diagnosis of FAIS and 15 matched controls performed a deep squat (weightbearing) and a maximum height stepping task (non-weightbearing). Peak hip flexion, posterior pelvis tilt excursion, and the ratio of sagittal plane pelvis to femur motion during the period of pelvis posterior tilt were calculated for each task. Two factor ANOVAs were used to evaluate differences between groups and tasks. Findings With regards to peak hip flexion, there were no significant group differences for either task. When averaged across tasks, the FAIS group exhibited significantly less posterior tilt excursion (12.1° (SD 9.1°) vs 20.6° (SD 9.3°)) and smaller pelvifemoral ratios (0.24 (SD 0.14) vs 0.39 (SD 0.16)) compared to the control group. Interpretation Persons with FAIS exhibit altered pelvifemoral coordination regardless of weightbearing status. This finding suggests that decreased hip and/or lumbopelvic mobility may contribute to altered movement patterns at the hip.
Ultrasound-Assisted Diagnosis of Optic Neuritis in the Emergency Department: A Case Report

Abstract Background Optic neuritis is a common cause of subacute unilateral vision loss, occurring in 1–5 per 100,000 persons per year. It is more common in Caucasians, women, and those from countries with northern latitudes. Those aged 20–49 years are at greatest risk. The condition arises due to inflammation of the optic nerve. Inflammation may occur due to systemic inflammatory disorders, most commonly multiple sclerosis. Case Report A 21-year-old African-American male presented to our emergency department with a complaint of painful unilateral vision loss. On examination he was found to have a relative afferent pupillary defect and red desaturation. A bedside ultrasound suggested pseudopapilledema suggestive of optic neuritis. He was admitted to Neurology for confirmation of and treatment for optic neuritis. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed optic neuritis. The patient was treated with i.v. steroids and discharged after improvement in visual function. Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This? Optic neuritis is a clinical diagnosis. The subtle historical components and examination findings make it a diagnostic challenge for the busy emergency physician. Early diagnosis may improve visual outcomes. Discovery of pseudopapilledema on bedside ultrasound may be seen in optic neuritis, and is another finding that emergency physicians may assess for in patient presenting with unilateral vision loss.
The Social Homelessness on US Campuses

Photography is drawing with light. It is a series of selfie (self-portrait photograph) with light and computer algorithm. Initially, it began with an interactive art, Being Ignored Version 1.0, to recognize the dignity and humanity of those who are homeless, being invisibly treated, and ignored, in Porter County, Indiana, which is relatively a wealthy county, compared with neighboring counties in Indiana. Later it has extended to the project, the Social Homelessness on US Campuses. It was inspired by the book, “Here I am, Faith Stories of Korean American Clergy-women”. It defines that social homelessness has no friends with whom they can associate or count on, they have no place to go. They seem to be very isolated, and alienated [1]. Asian female faculty on US campuses may experience the highest levels of isolation, and marginalization on US campuses [2], compared with other minority faculty groups. Particularly the Asian female faculty from predominantly patriarchal Asian cultures may be deeply challenged to navigate where they belong between two distinguished communities, Asian, and American. For instance, their conventional social role as being a full-time mother would be more supportive, inclusive and welcome in their traditional ethnic groups, but working as Asian female faculty may occasionally face less hospitable and somewhat harsh responses from the groups since their existences may impact negatively their patriarchal hierarchy led by men. Simultaneously the Asian female faculty may invisibly being demanded to be more persistent, dutiful, and non-complaining for extra service activities without compensatory supports on US campuses. Also, they may be subject to harsh teaching environments by student resistances and lower student evaluations on US campuses. It is routinely challenged for the Asian female faculty to find psychological comfort zones to rest between two exclusive communities, Asian, and American. The social homelessness on US campuses is a multidisciplinary art research project to raise awareness of the Asian female faculty on US campuses by using a series of self-portrait photograph with the software, Being Ignored 1.0.
Altered States of Combat: Veteran Trauma and the Quest for Novel Therapeutics in Psychedelic Substances:

For veterans with moral conflicts brought on by war work, evidence-based approaches designed for posttraumatic stress disorder tend not to attend to resulting spiritual and ethical forms of sufferi...