cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Spinal transection increases the potency of clonidine on the tail-flick and hindlimb flexion reflexes.

Abstract The effect of intrathecal clonidine on thermal nociception and hindlimb flexion was assessed in acute and chronic spinally transected rats. After an acute, 1-day spinalization, there was no change in the antinociceptive dose–response function to clonidine, relative to intact rats. However, there was a significant increase in potency 31 days after spinalization. Low doses of clonidine (0.25, 1, 4 and 20 μg) did not affect the nonnociceptive flexion reflex of acute spinal rats, but they elicited a dose-dependent response in chronic spinal rats. These data provide behavioral evidence of supersensitivity to α-adrenoceptor agonists in chronic spinal rats.
An assessment of vertical banded gastroplasty-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity.

Abstract Objective: To analyze retrospectively the mortality, morbidity, and weight loss of a specific form of gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity. The technique incorporates a small pouch along the lesser curvature of the stomach, an outlet restricted by a nondistensible band and a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Material and methods: We analyzed 652 consecutive patients with no previous bariatric surgery who underwent our present form of gastric bypass. Parameters used to evaluate the technique included mortality, weight loss at 5 years and complications. The operation is a combination of vertical banded gastroplasty and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (VBG-RGB). The patients followed up to 5 years had an initial weight of 140 kg [range, 94 to 288] and a BMI of 50 [range, 38 to 86]. Superobese individuals (BMI of 60 [range, 48 to 86]) made up 42% of the group. Results: There was an early reoperation rate of 0.5%. The incidence of late complications that required reoperation was 0.5%. There were 2 deaths in the study from pulmonary embolism for a mortality of 0.3%. At 5 years, the patients had lost an average of 58kg [range, 14 to 143] and had a percentage excess weight loss of 77 [range, 32 to 108]. Their BMI was reduced to 29 kg/m 2 [range, 20 to 43] and 93% lost more than 50% of the excess weight. Conclusions: VBG-RGB is effective in producing superior weight loss in morbid and superobese patients and has a low mortality and morbidity. We recommend this procedure without reservations.
Recidivism Among Child Sexual Abusers: Initial Results of a 13 Year Longitudinal Random Sample

In the initial analysis of data from a random sample of all those charged with child sexual abuse in Idaho over a 13-year period, only one predictive variable was found that related to recidivism of those convicted. Variables such as ethnicity, relationship, gender, and age differences did not show a significant or even large association with recidivism. The only variable that seemed to show both a significant and almost moderate association to recidivism was the Risk Assessment in the Sex Offender Evaluation reoffense. Comparisons were made to prior research as well as a discussion of implications of the sex offender evaluation for the legal process. Finally, a call for the continued need for further research is discussed.
The stability criteria for linear systems

It is shown that the various stability criteria for linear systems can be conveniently obtained, and interrelated, by means of continued fractions. A new canonical form for a Hurwitz polynomial as a product of continued fractions is also given, together with an alternative set of determinantal criteria with determinants of about half the order of the Hurwitz determinants.
Practical aspects of the calibration and use of the Aminco-Bowman spectrophotofluorometer.

Abstract Although the Aminco-Bowman spectrophotofluorometer is widely employed as an analytical tool, relatively few users of the instrument seem to be familiar with its basic optical features. As a result, optimal performance of the apparatus is frequently not obtained, although it can be adapted to a wide range of fluorescence measurements including corrected excitation and emission spectra, quantum yields, polarization of fluorescence, as well as simple measurements of fluorescence intensity. Increasing interest in emission spectroscopy in recent years has generated a demand for more sophistication in the use of instruments for measuring fluorescence. Fortunately, coincident with these requirements, there have been marked improvements in the stability of lamp sources and in the quality of optical components. It does not seem unreasonable, therefore, that commercially available fluorescence spectrometers may be used for purposes other than the simple measurements for which they were originally intended. The present paper discusses some practical aspects of the use of the Aminco-Bowman spectrophotofluorometer for accurate measurement of spectra in the hope that such a communication will be helpful to those who wish to extend the usefulness of the instrument.
Introduction to the Second Donne Cluster: Three Papers from The Texas A&M John Donne Collection: A Symposium and Exhibition

This paper introduces the second Literature Compass panel cluster arising from The Texas A&M John Donne Collection: A Symposium and Exhibition. Comprising an introduction by Gary Stringer and three of the papers presented at the symposium, this cluster seeks to examine the current state of Donne Studies and aims to provide a snapshot of the field. The symposium was held April 6–7, 2006. The cluster is made up of the following articles: ‘Introduction to the Second Donne Cluster: Three Papers from The Texas A&M John Donne Collection: A Symposium and Exhibition’, Gary A. Stringer, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00551.x. ‘Donne into Print: The Seventeenth-Century Collected Editions of Donne's Poetry’, Ted-Larry Pebworth, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00552.x. ‘“a mixed Parenthesis”: John Donne's Letters to Severall Persons of Honour’, M. Thomas Hester, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00553.x. ‘What We Think About Donne: A History of Donne Criticism in Twenty Minutes’, Paul A. Parrish, Literature Compass 5 (2008), DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-4113.2008.00554.x.
The Hydrogen Games and Other Adventures in Chemistry

I seem to have started off on the wrong foot in life, but I am extremely fortunate that I soon found my footing in the company of physical chemists. I consider myself to be very lucky to be doing something that constantly brings me in contact with bright minds, stimulating conversations, and exciting experiments. My work has allowed me to learn astounding facts about the molecules and atoms that make up our surroundings and ourselves. For this article, I focus on one aspect of my research, understanding the fundamental principles of the simple reaction between a hydrogen atom and a hydrogen molecule. Although my group and others have been studying this seemingly simple reaction for well over 30 years, it continues to provoke questions about the properties of matter.
Technical Note: Effect of a partial cutoff on seepage rates

Conformal transformations are used in determining the effectiveness of a partial impervious barrier in an idealized seepage channel. The variation of the quantity of flow with the extent of penetration and the geometrical proportions of the channel is obtained in terms of elliptic functions; both analytical and graphical results are given. Only for effectively short channels do cutoff walls reduce significantly the rate of flow.
Content, Cause, and Consequences of Job Insecurity: A Theory-Based Measure and Substantive Test

This research assessed the causes and consequences of job insecurity using a new theory-based measure incorporating recent conceptual arguments. We also compared the measure's reliability and const...
Characteristics of Response of Piezoelectric Actuators in Electron Flux Excitation

In this paper the working parameters of non-contact strain control for piezoelectric ceramics are evaluated. The piezoelectric material functions as an actuator that transforms electrical into mechanical energy, and the electrical input is carried out by electron flux on the positive surface. The sample is exposed to some quasi-static inputs, and its responses are recorded using strain gages. The data shows faster and more stable response in the positive regime, but significantly slower response with drift in the negative regime. An electron collector is introduced on the positive surface to enhance the response in the negative regime. Theoretical analyses of energy transfer and electron movements is discussed, and a string of working conditions for controlling the surface strain of piezoelectric material are given as conclusions.
Girls in the juvenile justice system: leave no girl's health un-addressed.

Despite an increase in middle to older aged adolescent females' early contact with the juvenile justice system, inadequate health care remains a concern. This descriptive study surveyed the physical and mental health needs of 130 self-selected, nonrandomized girls aged 12 to 18 years, with a mean age of 15.42 years (SD, 1.24), who were involved with a juvenile justice diversional program located in a southeastern region of the United States. Findings revealed early initiation of sexual-related activities (mean age, 13.9 years; SD, 1.49) and substance use (mean age, 12.9 years; SD, 1.53). The data suggest an increasing need for pediatric nurses, and in particular advanced practice nurses, to provide gender-responsive health care and health promotion services to early middle-childhood females in the juvenile justice system.
Integrating Biochemical Separation and Purification Steps in Fermentation Processes

La necessite d'ameliorer la concentration du produit final a conduit a mettre au point cette technique de fermentation avec produit immobilise. Une resine non toxique est ajoutee directement au bouillon de fermentation, la production d'antibiotique est augmentee d'un facteur 3 ou plus. La resine est recuperee facilement a partir du milieu de fermentation et l'antibiotique est extrait par solvant. L'application de la technique est decrite pour le cycloheximide
Yard Sign Displays and the Enthusiasm Gap in the 2008 and 2010 Elections

In the run up to the 2010 midterm elections, pundits and politicos often talked of an “enthusiasm gap” between Republicans and Democrats. Although conventional treatments have typically equated these gaps with changes in turnout and the composition of the electorate, we argue that the term better describes the participatory patterns of highly engaged voters. Using multiple data sources, including a geocoded, county-wide study that tracked yard sign displays between 2008 and 2010, we examine the visible evidence of enthusiasm gaps in voters' neighborhoods. Our findings echo recent narratives, yet suggest that scholars have missed important dimensions in their examinations of these “wave” elections.
On the motion of a porous sphere in a Stokes flow parallel to a planar confining boundary

An analysis is presented of the three-dimensional creeping flow in and around a porous sphere, modelled as a generalized Brinkman medium, near a smooth plane where the sphere (i) translates uniformly without rotating in an otherwise quiescent Newtonian fluid, (ii) rotates uniformly without translating in an otherwise quiescent Newtonian fluid, and (iii) is fixed in a shear field, which is uniform in the far field and has a linearly increasing velocity profile with increasing distance from the plane. The linear superposition of these three flow regimes is also considered for the special case of the free translational and rotational motion of a neutrally buoyant porous sphere in a shear field that is uniform in the far field. Exact series solutions to the momentum equations are derived for the velocity and pressure fields in the Brinkman and Stokes-flow regions. Coefficients in the series solutions for each flow regime are determined using recursion relations derived from the continuity equations in the Brinkman and Stokes-flow regions, from the interfacial boundary conditions on the porous spherical surface, and from the no-slip condition on the plane. Results are presented in terms of the drag force on the porous sphere and torque about the sphere centre as a function of the dimensionless clearance distance between the sphere and the rigid plane for several values of the dimensionless hydraulic permeability of the Brinkman medium. The free motion of the neutrally buoyant sphere is calculated by requiring that the net hydrodynamic drag force and torque acting on the sphere vanish. Results for this case are presented in terms of the dimensionless translational and rotational speeds of the porous sphere relative to the far-field shear rate as a function of the dimensionless clearance distance for several values of the dimensionless hydraulic permeability. The work is motivated by insights it offers into the behaviour of porous agglomerates, and by its potential utility in industrial, biological, biophysical, medicinal and environmental applications wherever gas or liquid suspensions of porous agglomerates might arise.
Fluctuation-exchange theory for general lattice Hamiltonians

The fluctuation-exchange, or FLEX, approximation for interacting electrons is derived for lattice Hamiltonians with general instantaneous one- and two-body terms. The use of a two-body basis set indexed by relative separation, rather than relative momentum, is emphasized. The fluctuation-exchange approximation for the three-orbital CuO{sub 2} model with on-site and near-neighbor Coulomb interactions is solved for one-particle properties. Unit-cell densities corresponding to both {open_quotes}hole doping{close_quotes} and {open_quotes}electron doping{close_quotes} are studied. The model is found to be far from a charge-density instability for all reasonable parameter values. The only nearly unstable particle-hole channel for unit-cell densities close to unity has {bold Q}{approximately}({pi},{pi}) and S=1 (antiferromagnetic). The Fermi surface of the interacting system is computed, and the Luttinger theorem verified numerically in its most general context. Orbital-projected occupancy factors and spectral densities are examined. {copyright} {ital 1996} {ital The American Physical Society}
Functional Analysis of the Carboxy-Terminal Region of Bacillus subtilis TnrA, a MerR Family Protein

The Bacillus subtilis TnrA transcription factor belongs to the MerR family of proteins and regulates gene expression during nitrogen-limited growth. When B. subtilis cells are grown with excess nitrogen, feedback-inhibited glutamine synthetase forms a protein-protein complex with TnrA that prevents TnrA from binding to DNA. The C-terminal region of TnrA is required for the interaction with glutamine synthetase. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the C-terminal region of TnrA identified three classes of mutants that altered the regulation by glutamine synthetase. While expression of the TnrA-regulated amtB gene was expressed constitutively in the class I (M96A, Q100A, and A103G) and class II (L97A, L101A, and F105A) mutants, the class II mutants were unable to grow on minimal medium unless a complex mixture of amino acids was present. The class III tnrA mutants (R93A, G99A, N102A, H104A, and Y107A mutants) were partially defective in the regulation of TnrA activity. In vitro experiments showed that feedback-inhibited glutamine synthetase had a significantly reduced ability to inhibit the DNA-binding activity of several class I and class II mutant TnrA proteins. A coiled-coil homology model of the C-terminal region of TnrA is used to explain the properties of the class I and II mutant proteins. The C-terminal region of TnrA corresponds to a dimerization domain in other MerR family proteins. Surprisingly, gel filtration and cross-linking analysis showed that a truncated TnrA protein which contained only the N-terminal DNA binding domain was dimeric. The implications of these results for the structure of TnrA are discussed.
MYOGENIN AND MEF2 FUNCTION SYNERGISTICALLY TO ACTIVATE THE MRF4 PROMOTER DURING MYOGENESIS

The basic helix-loop-helix muscle regulatory factor (MRF) gene family encodes four distinct muscle-specific transcription factors known as MyoD, myogenin, Myf-5, and MRF4. These proteins represent key regulatory factors that control many aspects of skeletal myogenesis. Although the MRFs often exhibit overlapping functional activities, their distinct expression patterns during embryogenesis suggest that each protein plays a unique role in controlling aspects of muscle development. As a first step in determining how MRF4 gene expression is developmentally regulated, we examined the ability of the MRF4 gene to be expressed in a muscle-specific fashion in vitro. Our studies show that the proximal MRF4 promoter contains sufficient information to direct muscle-specific expression. Located within the proximal promoter are a single MEF2 site and E box that are required for maximum MRF4 expression. Mutation of the MEF2 site or E box severely impairs the ability of this promoter to produce a muscle-specific response. In addition, the MEF2 site and E box function in concert to synergistically activate the MRF4 gene in nonmuscle cells coexpressing MEF2 and myogenin proteins. Thus, the MRF4 promoter is regulated by the MEF2 and basic helix-loop-helix MRF protein family through a cross-regulatory circuitry. Surprisingly, the MRF4 promoter itself is not transactivated by MRF4, suggesting that this MRF gene is not subject to an autoregulatory pathway as previously implied by other studies. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating expression of each MRF gene is central to fully understanding how these factors control developmental events.
Cryptococcal hand infection: a case report.

Cryptococcus neoformans, a nonmycelial budding yeast, is most commonly noted for its predilection for the central nervous system. As a systemic disease, cryptococcemia may affect other organs, particularly in individuals with a compromised immune defense mechanism. We report a hand infection in an immunologically suppressed individual. Case Report A 66-year-old man presented for evaluation of a large nonhealing cutaneous wound of his left hand. He had suffered from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring almost 30 years of prednisone therapy. Also, diabetes recently had been diagnosed for which insulin was required. The average dose of prednisone had been 20 mg/day for the past IO years. He had developed a vesicle over the dorsum of his left hand that spontaneously ruptured and was treated by a dermatologist for I week with various topical ointments. He was referred to an infectious disease consultant who referred him to plastic surgery. At that time, his symptoms were limited to his hand with no signs of systemic disease. On examination, the patient had a 10 x 8 cm irregular suppurative wound, without satellite lesions, involving the entire dorsum of his left hand (Fig. 1). He was free of adenopathy and was afebrile. He underwent debridement of devitalized tissues in preparation for skin grafting. The pathology revealed only full-thickness cellulitis of the skin. No
N1'‐(p‐[18F]Fluorobenzyl)naltrindole (p‐[18F]BNTI) as a potential PET imaging agent for DOP receptors

The N1'-(p-fluorobenzyl)naltrindole 5 has been synthesized by reaction of 3-O-benzyl NTI 3 with p-fluorobenzylbromide under phase transfer catalysis. The subsequent 3-O-benzyldeprotection of 4 in HBr/CH3COOH gave the target compound 5 in three steps from naltrindole 2. p-FBNTI 5 is a novel delta opioid receptor antagonist (Ki=0.00312 nM) and antagonizes the delta opioid (DOP) agonist, DPDPE, with a Ke=1.55 nM in the mouse vas deferens preparation. Using the same synthetic strategy the synthesis of p-[18F]BNTI 10 was undertaken. The final yield was 4% and the specific activity varied in a range of 250–400 mCi/µmol. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stimulation of action potentials with radiation in single cells of Nitella gracilis.

SummaryAll-or-none action potentials from single algal cells, Nitella gracilis, were stimulated with ionization radiation. Short pulses (0·1 to 2·0 sec or more) of α-particles (4/2He nuclei) were restricted to a 13 per cent segment of mature, internodal cells. Radiation intercepted cells between stimulating and recording reversible electrodes. Individual pulses of α-particles were presented to each cell to test if they could cause excitation. The electric threshold for excitation was routinely determined prior to and after radiation. Initiation of action potentials required about 1 to 2 × 105 rads/sec of α-particles, although dose-rates from 0·05 to 2·00 Mrads/sec were available. The amount of radiation necessary to trigger an action potential depended upon the radiation previously absorbed by each cell. The radiation threshold (dose and dose-rate) for excitation steadily increased as a function of the accumulated dose. Electric shocks, applied to a non-irradiated segment of each cell, revealed that the e...
Observational evaluation of sertaconazole nitrate cream 2% in the treatment of pruritus related to tinea pedis.

Tinea pedis typically presents as a pruritic, erythematous, and scaly eruption on the foot, with symptoms correlated with the severity of infection. Although many clinical studies have assessed the antifungal action of various agents, relatively little attention has been devoted to evaluating if antifungal agents are capable of improving subjective symptoms while treating the infection. A single-center, open-label, observational, proof of concept study was conducted in 21 participants (age range, 16–74 years) to evaluate if sertaconazole nitrate cream 2% used twice daily for 7 days was able to reduce participants’ perceived itching while treating the infection. Findings included participants’ overall assessment of quality of life (QOL) with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and participants’ overall satisfaction with treatment. The pruritus visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the subjective symptom of itching. Results indicated the mean total score of changes in perception of QOL was 8.95 at baseline and 3.38 at day 7, a within-group change of 25.57 (P,.0001), and the mean reduction in reported itching from baseline to day 7 was 263.10% (P,.0001). Fifteen of 21 participants (71.4%) were somewhat or very satisfied with the results of their treatment. The implication of these findings is that successful elimination of the inflammatory symptoms of tinea pedis, such as pruritus, may promote adherence to therapy by directly affecting participants’ perception of QOL. Furthermore, early and rapid relief of symptoms, as seen in this study, may encourage patients to continue therapy for the full recommended period of 4 to 6 weeks, thereby reducing the risk for relapse that leads to chronic disease. Cutis. 2009;84:279-283.
Management of Airway, Hoarseness, and Vocal Cord Dysfunction After Esophagectomy

The incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury from esophagectomy has been quoted anywhere from 2 to 20 %. This is more often associated with cervical anastomoses and three-field lymph node dissection. Dysfunction of the RLN results in a change in voice, dysphagia, increased perioperative pulmonary complications, as well as decreased quality of life.
Food Insecurity, the National School Lunch Program and Educational Achievement: Evidence from Georgia's Public Schools

In 2011, nearly 1.7 million Georgians, 17.9% of the population, lived in poverty, and of those, 24.8% were children. Poverty is closely associated with food insecurity. Food insecurity has been associated with various developmental consequences for U.S. children. Research indicates that hungry children do more poorly in school and have lower academic achievement because they are not well prepared for school and cannot concentrate. This research examines the relationship between food insecurity, the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and academic achievement of 5 th grade students in Georgia.
Postpartum contraception: An exploratory study of lactation consultants' knowledge and practices.

Abstract Objective Lactation consultants interact with women during the postpartum period; however, they may not have comprehensive education on postpartum contraception and the impact on breastfeeding. The aims of this study were to assess lactation consultants' knowledge and practices about postpartum contraception and assess whether lactation consultants are interested in more education on postpartum contraception. Study Design We distributed a 30-question survey to self-identified lactation consultants and recruited participants via email, social media and at the 2015 California Breastfeeding Summit. Results We surveyed a total of 194 lactation consultants. Seventy-seven percent (137/177) stated they offer advice about postpartum contraception and its impact on breastfeeding. The majority of lactation consultants felt the theoretical or proven risks outweighed the benefits or there was an unacceptable health risk for the progestin-only pill 76.3% (100/131), progestin injection 90.1% (118/131) and progestin implant 93.1% (122/131) if used within 21 days of delivery. Although 68.7% (92/134) reported prior education on postpartum contraception, 82.1% (110/134) reported wanting more education on this topic, specifically in the form of a webinar 61.9% (83/134). Only 29.9% (40/134) reported knowledge of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2011 Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use (USMEC) guidance for postpartum contraception. Conclusion There is a disconnect between the USMEC guidance and lactation consultants' knowledge regarding the safety of immediate postpartum contraception. Implications This study explores lactation consultants' knowledge and practices about postpartum contraception, demonstrating that more evidence-based education is needed on this topic.
The effect of rod diameter on correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at two years follow-up.

Study Design: The review of multicenter national pediatric scoliosis database. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent scoliosis surgery utilizing different rod diameter constructs by the posterior approach. Background: Little attention has specifically been focused on the effect of rod diameter on correction of spinal deformity after posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods: The review of national database comprised of 1125 patients, of which 352 patients had a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Of these, 163 patients received 5.5 mm and 189 patients received 6.35 mm diameter rods for posterior spinal instrumentation. Results: The 6.35 mm rods were used more often for patients who were male, taller, heavier, with larger coronal curves, and more flexible curves. Larger diameter rods were also more likely to be stainless steel, implanted with an increased number of implants per level, and an increased number of pedicle screws used on the concavity of the curve. Univariate analysis of coronal curve showed a significant difference between 5.5 and 6.35 mm rods in correction (67.0% vs. 57.3%) at 2 years. Multivariate analysis revealed that the most significant factors affecting coronal curve correction at 2 years were rod diameter, the patient’s preoperative coronal major curve and flexibility, and the implant density. In the sagittal plane, preoperative sagittal curve and rod diameter are the predictors of sagittal correction at 2 years. Conclusions: The study did not support our hypothesis that larger rods would be associated with a greater correction of frontal and sagittal plane in patients with AIS. In addition to rod diameter, implant density and the inherent flexibility and deformity of the patient were found to be influential factors contributing for the correction and maintenance of coronal and sagittal curves in AIS.
Investigation of the Biochromes of Mites

Paper chromatography using a 4 to 1 mixture of white kerosene and xylene was used to characterize the pigmentation of nine species of spider mites. Pigmentation was complex, and 10 constituents were isolated from the citrus red mite. From Re values, fluorescence, and absorption spectra it was determined that the biochromes are derived from dietary chlorophylls and carotenoids.
St. Augustinegrass antibiosis to southern chinch bug (Hemiptera: lygaeidae) and to St. Augustine decline strain of panicum mosaic virus

Antibiosis to Texas populations of southern chinch bug, Blissus insularis Barber, was tested in 38 selected cultivars and experimental lines of St. Augustinegrass, Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze. High levels of resistance were measured in the experimental lines PI-410357, New Zealand-2, Mutant-5, TXSA-8202 (=Mutant-6), TXSA- 8218 (=Mutant-8), and the cultivar ’Floralawn.’ Although some B. insularis in Florida reportedly have overcome resistance by ’Floratam,’ we encountered no evidence of such a phenomenon. FA-243 was susceptible and FA-82 was slower acting than ‘Floratam.’ Both lines have been reported to be highly resistant to Florida B. insularis . Experimental lines DALSA-8208, DALSA-8216, and DALSA-8401 demonstrated moderate levels of antibiosis. The cultivars ‘Raleigh’ and ‘Seville’ and several experimental lines were susceptible. Bioassays of the grasses for resistance to the St. Augustine decline strain of the Panicum mosaic virus (PMV-SAD) indicated that all were resistant to the virus except FA-82, ‘Texas Common,’ TXSA-8262, DALSA-8203, DALSA-8207, DALSA-8209, DALSA-8210, DALSA-8212, DALSA-8217, DALSA-8403, and WT-1.
A Fully Nonlinear Primary Atomization Model

A nonlinear model has been developed to assess the time-dependent evolution of an axisymmetric liquid jet using a boundary element method. Vorticity transported from the boundary layer in the ori ce passage to the free surface is modeled using a potential ring vortex placed at the ori ce exit plane. The vortexstrength is approximated using information from a Navier-Stokes solution (or equivalent) of the ori ce internal ow. It is observed that the primary breakup can occur even without the presence of the gas phase. Using a secondary stability analysis after Ponstein's,23 the size of droplets is estimated based on the size of the ring-type structures shed from the periphery of the jet. Computed droplet sizes are in reasonable agreement with experimental data.
Continuing Education Interests of Certified Health Education Specialists

Abstract The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Health Education, after being designated as a provider of continuing education by the National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc. (NCHEC), conducted a survey of a random sample of 1,000 Certified Health Education Specialists (CHES). The purpose of the survey was to determine continuing education preferences of CHES. The majority of the respondents possessed graduate degrees with about one-third working in a community setting, while approximately one-fourth reported working in the medical setting. Relative to continuing education addressing competencies listed in Responsibilities and Competencies for Entry-Level Health Educators, respondents identified programs in the area of evaluation as being of most interest. Respondents also indicated concern about lack of local programs, program cost, and availability of programs for CHES with advanced degrees. Suggestions for future assessments are provided.
The Tenth Frederick H. Verhoeff lecture. What else did 1864 contribute to ophthalmology

In summary we can say that the AOS was founded at a time when ophthalmology established itself as an independent scientific medical specialty. A hundred years earlier, in 1750, ophthalmology became an independent surgical specialty when Jacques Daviel of Marseille had begun extracting a cataract instead of merely couching or dislocating the lens. Now in the middle of the 19th century a new era dawned on the ophthalmic horizon. An era which Julius Hirschberg calls "the reform of ophthalmology." It was effected mainly by a group of unusual, gifted and genial scholars. Hermann v. Helmholtz, who not only invented the ophthalmoscope, but established with his handbook physiologic optics as an advanced, sophisticated branch of optics and mathematics; F.C. Donders, who put refraction, refractive errors and accommodation on a sound scientific footing, the great A. v. Graefe, who contributed so much to the concept and treatment of glaucoma, to strabismus, to various diseases of the fundus, to neuro-ophthalmology and to many other fields and finally William Bowman, the great investigator, clinician and surgeon. It was during this time of reform, of fermentation, of maturation, that a group of farsighted American ophthalmologists decided to establish a society to further the aims and objectives of our specialty in America. The time was right; the effort succeeded and our society developed into one of the decisive forces of American ophthalmology. I hope that my address has met the objectives which I had outlined earlier: To present and illuminate the circumstances and external conditions which were effective in 1864 when our society was founded. At the same time I hope I have done justice to the memory of this outstanding American ophthalmologist, Frederick Verhoeff, who contributed so much to the American Ophthalmological Society. On this the quasquicentennial jubilee of the AOS we find the Society healthy and flourishing. May it continue as an association of the most prominent and most promising American ophthalmologists who consider the practice of our specialty a scholarly profession and not a mercenary trade. I can only conclude with wishing the AOS a happy birthday, many successful returns, ad multos annos!
A comparison of heat-induced gel strengths of bovine plasma and egg albumen proteins.

The heat-induced gel strength in suspensions of two types of plasma protein isolates and egg albumen were compared to investigate the use of bovine blood plasma in food systems as a replacement for egg albumen and other proteins. A viscosity index, based on a counter-flow back-extrusion model, was used to measure gel strength. The optimum pH for gel formation was 7.0 for phosphated and nonphosphated plasma protein suspensions and 9.0 for egg albumen. The protein gel strengths were compared at 8% protein concentrations and at their respective pH optima. The gel strength of heated bovine plasma protein suspensions was greater (P .05). Greater concentrations substantially decreased (P < .01) the gel strength in both types of heated plasma protein suspensions and egg albumen, revealing that all three protein types exhibited an ionic strength dependency.
TINDAKAN AFIRMATIF SEBAGAI BENTUK KEADILAN PADA PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI LAUT : STUDI KASUS MV HAI FA DAN NELAYAN UJUNG KULON

Abstrak Upaya penegakan hukum yang tegas merupakan salah satu cara untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Instrumen hukum lingkungan dibuat dan ditegakkan untuk mencegah terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan. Namun pada pelaksanaannya, penegakan hukum lingkungan tidak senada dengan konsep pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penegakan hukum lingkungan seolah hanya tajam ke bawah namun tumpul ke atas. Dalam tulisan ini, akan dibahas mengenai penegakan hukum lingkungan di sektor maritim dalam dua kasus yang berbeda, berkaitan dengan pelanggaran Undang-Undang Konservasi Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 Tentang Koservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistemnya. Perbedaan sebab akibat dalam kasus yang berbeda tidak membuat hukum memperlakukan kedua kasus tersebut secara berbeda karena adanya asas kesamaan (equality before the law) dalam hukum. Tulisan ini akan memaparkan penegakan hukum, terutama hukum pidana, ditinjau dengan perspektif pembangunan berkelanjutan pada kasus nelayan dan kasus illegal fishing yang melibatkan korporasi. Berangkat dari perspektif tersebut, tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis alasan pentingnya tindakan afirmatif bagi penegakan hukum di masing-masing kasus. Abstract One of the means to protect the environment is to firmly enforce the environmental law. Environmental legal instruments are made and enforced in order to prevent environmental damage. However, environmental law enforcement in practice is not always consistent with the concept of sustainable development. Environmental enforcement is sharper to the poor people, but dull to big corporations. This article attempts to discuss the enforcement of environmental law in the maritime sector in two different cases, with regard to the violation of Law no. 5 of 1990 regarding Conservation. Despite the different causation and magnitude of impacts, the law treats those cases equally due to the equality before the law principle. This article also elaborates the law enforcement, especially criminal law, with the perspective of sustainable development in the case of involving fishermen and the illegal fishing case involving a corporation. From this perspective, this paper analyzes the importance affirmative action for the law enforcement in each case.
Character based String Kernels for Bio-Entity Relation Detection

Extracting bio-entity relations has emerged as an important task due to the ever-growing number of bio-medical documents. In this paper, we present a simple and novel representation for extracting bio-entity relationships. The state-of-theart systems for such tasks rely on word based representations and variations of linguistic driven features. In contrast, we model bio-text by the most basic character based string representation with a family of string kernels. This eliminates time consuming parsing, issue of rare words and domain specific pre-processing. This simple representation makes our approach fast and flexible for any bio-NLP dataset. We demonstrate comparable performance and faster computation time of our approach versus previous state-of-the-art kernel methods.
Adaptive integral sliding mode controller for longitudinal rotation control of a tilt-rotor aircraft

This paper presents an adaptive integral sliding mode controller for longitudinal rotation control of a tilt-rotor aircraft (TRA). The movable mass, which slides along the wing of the TRA, is considered an unknown disturbance in this paper. The simplified dynamics of the TRA is proposed for the control of the longitudinal rotation during its landing, and application of the adaptive integral sliding mode controller is presented. In the design process of the controller, we applied a sliding surface including an integral term for reinforcing the control performance of the system. This paper compares the results of applying a PID controller and the adaptive integral sliding mode controller with the proposed sliding surface for improved robustness and stability to unknown disturbance.
Quadratic forms representing all integers coprime to 3

Following Bhargava and Hanke’s celebrated 290-theorem, we prove a universality theorem for all positive-definite integer-valued quadratic forms that represent all positive integers coprime to 3. In particular, if a positive-definite quadratic form represents all positive integers coprime to 3 and \(\le \)290, then it represents all positive integers coprime to 3. We use similar methods to those used by Rouse to prove (assuming GRH) that a positive-definite quadratic form representing every odd integer between 1 and 451 represents all positive odd integers.
Genome Sequence of Bacillus cereus Group Phage SalinJah

ABSTRACT The double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) Myoviridae Bacillus cereus group bacteriophage SalinJah was isolated from soil collected in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. SalinJah, a cluster C phage with a broad host range, suggests the need to create a new subcluster with SalinJah and Helga as founding members.
Identification of a novel lipid binding motif in apolipoprotein B by the analysis of hydrophobic cluster domains.

Apolipoprotein B (apoB) is a large amphipathic protein that is the structural scaffold for the formation of several classes of lipoproteins involved in lipid transport throughout the body. The goal of the present study was to identify specific domains in the apoB sequence that contribute to its lipid binding properties. A sequence analysis algorithm was developed to identify stretches of hydrophobic amino acids devoid of charged amino acids, which are referred to as hydrophobic cluster domains (HCDs). This analysis identified 78 HCDs in apoB with hydrophobic stretches ranging from 6 to 26 residues. Each HCD was analyzed in silico for secondary structure and lipid binding properties, and a subset was synthesized for experimental evaluation. One HCD peptide, B38, showed high affinity binding to both isolated HDL and LDL, and could exchange between lipoproteins. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations indicate that B38 inserts 3.7A below the phosphate plane of the bilayer. B38 forms an unusual α-helix with a broad hydrophobic face and polar serine and threonine residues on the opposite face. Based on this structure, we hypothesized that B38 could efflux cholesterol from cells. B38 showed a 12-fold greater activity than the 5A peptide, a bihelical Class A amphipathic helix (EC50 of 0.2658 vs. 3.188μM; p<0.0001), in promoting cholesterol efflux from ABCA1 expressing BHK-1 cells. In conclusion, we have identified novel domains within apoB that contribute to its lipid biding properties. Additionally, we have discovered a unique amphipathic helix design for efficient ABCA1-specific cholesterol efflux.
Framing Film: Cinema and the Visual Arts

In our cinematically informed visual culture moviegoers know in varying degrees that an exotic cross-pollination exists between film and the visual arts (including comic books, paintings, photo-nov...
Abstract A33: Population and evolutionary genomics of prostate cancer-associated variants: implications for health disparities in men of African descent

To determine why African men are more likely to suffer from prostate cancer (CaP), we integrated GWAS results and scans of selection with allele frequency data from 64 global populations. Despite substantial overlap in genetic risk scores across populations, we find that predicted CaP risk is highest in West Africans and that a small number of loci drive these differences in risk. There is a strong concordance between genetic risk scores and clinical estimates of CaP mortality. Although most CaP-associated loci are evolving neutrally, we find multiple instances where alleles have hitchhiked to high frequencies with linked locally adaptive alleles. Citation Format: Joseph Lachance, Ali Berens, Matthew Hansen, Andrew Teng, Sarah Tishkoff, Timothy Rebbeck. Population and evolutionary genomics of prostate cancer-associated variants: implications for health disparities in men of African descent [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR International Conference: New Frontiers in Cancer Research; 2017 Jan 18-22; Cape Town, South Africa. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(22 Suppl):Abstract nr A33.
The Becton Dickinson Barricor Tube Does Not Introduce Isobaric Interferences in Mass Spectrometry-based Measurements of Testosterone.

Background: Testosterone analysis by mass spectrometry is essential for accurate low-level results. Unfortunately, the commonly used gel-based separator tubes introduce an intense, isobaric interference that can coelute with testosterone and impede analysis. The new Becton Dickinson (BD) Barricor TM tube (BT) uses an elastomer separator that might not introduce such interferences. Methods: Testosterone concentrations and chromatograms were obtained for plasma samples from plasma separator tubes (PSTs) and the new BTs using a laboratory-developed liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Results: Intense signals close to the testosterone retention time were observed in the testosterone quantifier transition (289.2→97.0) from the PSTs; resolving these signals required longer chromatographic run times. No isobaric interferences were introduced by the BTs, allowing for shorter chromatographic run times and faster inject-to-inject times. Conclusion: BTs do not introduce the interferences observed in PSTs in LC-MS/MS testosterone analysis. These tubes can be used as a single tube that both separates cells and is amenable to LC-MS/MS testosterone analysis without additional chromatographic run times.
Pioneers in Social Work Practice With the Addictions: An Interview With Mario De La Rosa, MSSA, PhD

De La Rosa is a professor at the School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work. He is also a professor at the College of Medicine, Florida International University ...
Measurement of Time Involvement in Family Activities: Alternative Scaling Procedures for the Family Leisure Activity Profile

ABSTRACTThis research note describes an alternative scaling procedure for the Family Leisure Activity Profile (FLAP; Zabriskie & McCormick, 2001). The alternative scaling procedure preserves the ra...
Long-Term Outcomes of Women With Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis After a Course of Maintenance Antifungal Therapy.

ObjectivesData about long-term clinical outcome after a course of maintenance fluconazole in those with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) is lacking. We aimed to determine the rate of recurrence at a minimum of 6 months after completion of maintenance therapy.MethodsA retrospective analysis
The Role of Experiential Avoidance in Problematic Pornography Viewing

Research suggests that online pornography use can have harmful consequences for some individuals, but the psychological processes that contribute to problematic viewing are unclear. This study sought to evaluate the role of experiential avoidance in the negative consequences of online pornography viewing in a small cross-sectional survey sample of 91 male college students who reported viewing. Results indicated that viewing pornography for experientially avoidant motivations was related to more frequent viewing and predicted self-reported negative consequences of viewing over and above other motivations (e.g., sexual pleasure, curiosity, excitement seeking). Although more frequent viewing was related to more self-reported negative consequences, this relation was consistently mediated by viewing for experiential avoidance in this sample. Study limitations included a homogeneous sample of primarily white students, a relatively low rate of reported pornography viewing, and use of only self-report assessment. Results suggest that viewing to avoid unwanted emotions might account for both frequent viewing and its negative consequences, highlighting a promising target for future interventions seeking to reduce problematic pornography viewing.
Remarks on the Map Defined by Solutions

In this section, we give some specific examples of functional differential equations in order to contrast the behavior with ordinary differential equations. The examples will also serve to familiarize the reader with the idea of looking at the solution of (2.1) in the space C rather than Rn.
The Question of Cycling of the Blood Neutrophil Concentrations and Pitfalls in the Statistical Analysis of Sampled Data

To test the hypothesis that there is normally a 14-21 day cycle in blood neutrophil concentration, the blood of 13 normal male volunteers was sampled daily for 42 consecutive days. No evidence for cyclic variation in neutrophil concentration was found. The effect of deleting four samples per week and interpolating values linearly or parabolically was tested by power spectrum analysis, since this type of analysis was used in the studies in which cycling was found. The interpolation of missing values was found to introduce apparent cycling, and the results of the analysis of daily neutrophil counts was no different than that obtained with a series of random numbers.