cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Continuing challenges in lithium battery development

In these days of emphasizing standardization, Acquisition Reform, Non-Developed Items (NDI) and Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) technologies, we are facing new challenges associated with these trends. Program managers are pressured to use a standard or COTS battery, while simultaneously, the new systems being developed have increasingly complex and demanding power requirements. Hardware must be developed with shorter schedules, and policies of Acquisition Reform limit the amount of control the government has over the development of a given item. In this paper, we review battery development efforts that have resulted in unexpected problems. Relevant data from both current and past test programs are presented. Recommendations are provided concerning how to best avoid duplication of effort, while ensuring that the final product will have the best chances of succeeding.
Buprenorphine therapy: an increasing challenge in oral and maxillofacial surgery

Suboxone is a 4:1 mixture of buprenorphine and naloxone and Subutex is buprenorphine alone. The high affinity μ-receptor binding of buprenorphine (Suboxone and Subutex) renders other opioids ineffective. Inadequate procedural sedation, inadequate analgesia, and significant drug interactions complicate the treatment of patients taking Suboxone or Subutex. Careful planning and an understanding of buprenorphine pharmacology can minimize potential perioperative complications in patients taking Suboxone or Subutex.
The Use of Polyvalent Sera for the Serotyping of Mycobacteria within the Mycobacterium avium– M. intracellulare‐M. scrofulaceum Complex

A modification to Schaefer's agglutination method for serotyping mycobacteria within the Mycobacterium avium-M. intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum complex is described. The antigens are screened against polyvalent sera and subsequently a reduced range of absorbed antisera. This expedites the serotyping procedure and conserves expensive antiserum stocks.
True digestibility of phosphorus in canola and soybean meals for growing pigs: Influence of microbial phytase

Two studies with growing pigs were conducted using the regression analysis technique to estimate the true digestibility of P (TPD) in canola (CM) and soybean (SBM) meals, and quantify the ef- fect of microbial phytase on TPD of CM and SBM. In each study, 48 (Exp. 1) or 36 (Exp. 2) 17-kg barrows were assigned to 6 dietary treatments arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial of 3 graded levels of CM (Exp. 1) or SBM (Exp. 2) at 132, 264, or 396 g/kg, and 2 levels of phytase at 0 or 1,000 units/kg. The total collection method was used to calculate P digestibilities. In Exp. 1, phytase supplementation increased (P < 0.01) the apparent total tract digestibility of P in CM with values ranging from 26 to 33% without phytase and from 57 to 62% with supplemental phytase. Regression of digested P against dietary P intake resulted in a decreased (P < 0.05) TPD estimate of 34.3% for the diet without phytase than the 61.4% TPD estimate for diet with added phytase. In Exp. 2, phytase supplementation im- proved (P < 0.05) apparent total tract P digestibility for SBM with values ranging from 34.3 to 38.6% with- out phytase and from 68 to 71.2% with supplemental phytase. True P digestibility estimate for SBM without phytase at 40.9% was different (P < 0.05) from that with added phytase at 70.8%. These results indicate a TPD of 34 or 41% in growing pigs fed CM or SBM and demonstrate that the addition of microbial phytase at 1,000 units/kg improves true digestibility of P in CM and SBM by 78 and 73%, respectively.
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction can occur at the supravalvar, valvar, or subvalvar level. Each level of obstruction is associated with distinct symptomatology, natural history, and operative approach. Reconstructive techniques can usually be used with low operative risk and excellent immediate and longer-term outcomes. Valve replacement for valvar obstruction is advised when reconstruction is not possible. The Ross procedure has greatly improved the results of valve replacement in children.
SEASONAL EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL CALCIUM, ESTRADIOL, AND ACTH ON THE SERUM CALCIUM AND SODIUM LEVELS OF FUNDULUS KANSAE.

Abstract The annual changes in serum calcium levels of Fundulus kansae , the effect of environmental calcium on serum calcium levels, and seasonal responses to estradiol and/or mammalian ACTH as judged by changes in serum calcium and sodium levels are reported. The serum calcium levels of the males remain fairly constant throughout the year; the females have elevated serum calcium levels prior to and during the spawning season. The hypercalcemic response seen in females following estradiol treatment depends upon both endogenous and exogenous calcium. Winter fish held in deionized water show elevated serum sodium and depressed serum calcium levels following injections of ACTH. Gravid females are refractory to ACTH. The responses to ACTH seen in the winter months may be blocked by pretreating the animals with estradiol.
Epinephrine for prehospital cardiac arrest with non-shockable rhythm

Cardiopulmonary arrest research and guidelines have generally focused on the treatment and management of ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular fibrillation (electrical shockable rhythms). Less investigation has been done on the subpopulation of cardiopulmonary arrest victims that present with non-shockable rhythms. In a new paper, Goto, Maeda, and Goto present evidence that early use of epinephrine for treatment is associated with better survival with functional outcome. While there is a lack of evidence to support epinephrine for management of cardiopulmonary arrest presenting with initial shockable rhythms (presumed primary cardiac origin), there is now evidence that epinephrine may potentially benefit those presenting with non-shockable cardiopulmonary arrest (presumed heterogeneous origins). Further research on non-shockable rhythm cardiopulmonary arrest is needed to understand the subpopulation and develop better treatment guidelines.
Surface Analysis Methods

Parametric polynomial surfaces defined to satisfy given interpolatory or boundary constraints often suffer extraneous undesired features because of poor control over their many degrees of freedom. Current techniques for detecting and remedying such unexpected surface characteristics are primitive and inadequate. This article describes several surface analysis tools useful in detecting such anomalous surface features. These include standard techniques such as contouring and high-resolution shaded image displays based on direct ray tracing, and some novel methods such as maps of the principal curvatures, the integration of lines of curvature to show the variation ofthe principal directions, and the determination of geodesic paths on the surface.
Analysis of the Role of Unique Loop L5 in Rice Kinesin K16 Motor Domain

L5 is one of the unique loops locates in the vicinity of ATP binding site of kinesin. We have previously demonstrated that the point mutation at the L5 dramatically alters ATPase activity and interaction with microtubules. Therefore, the loop may be functional key region. The novel rice plant specific kinesin K16 has several unique enzymatic characteristics comparing with conventional kinesin. The most interesting property is that the ADP-free K16 motor domain is very stable, contrast to conventional kinesin that is very labile in ADP-free state. Recently, we have determined crystal structure of the novel rice kinesin K16 motor domain. The crystal structure revealed that the length of the loop L5 was much shorter than that of conventional kinesin. In the present study, we have tried to clarify how the shorter L5 relate to the function of K16. The K16 mutants that have elongated different length L5 were prepared. Microtubule dependent ATPase activity of K16 mutant that has same size of L5 to that of Eg5 was almost abolished. And the monastrol that is known as Eg5 specific inhibitor did not bind to the mutant. On the other hand the K16 mutant that has same size of L5 to that of conventional kinesin showed normal range of ATPase activity. We have also prepared the K16 mutant Q101C that has a single reactive cysteine reside in the L5. Photochromic molecule of azobenzene derivative PAM was incorporated into the cysteine residue to induce conformational change of L5 by ultraviolet and visible light irradiation. However, the kinesin modified by PAM did not alter the ATPase activity by light irradiations.
Transport, Binding, and Polyglutamation of Methotrexate in Freshly Isolated Rat Hepatocytes

Influx of [3H]methotrexate into freshly isolated hepatocytes in suspension is mediated by two routes, one with a high affinity (Km = 5.9 microM) and another with a low affinity for methotrexate. Both transport routes are equally sensitive to the sulfhydryl group inhibitor, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid, alterations in temperature, substitution of extracellular Na+ with choline, and inhibition by ouabain or azide. The high-affinity pathway for methotrexate shows specificity for the 4-amino group of the pteridine moiety as methotrexate and aminopterin similarly inhibit influx of the labeled drug. On the other hand, 100 microM concentrations of the naturally occurring folates, folic acid, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, and 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, are not inhibitory to influx of 1 microM methotrexate. Once in the cell, methotrexate rapidly reaches molar equivalence with dihydrofolate reductase following which both exchangeable and nonexchangeable intracellular methotrexate accumulates. The exchangeable component reaches steady state within 0.5 hr while the nonexchangeable component increases for at least 1 hr. The nonexchangeable component represents both bound methotrexate and methotrexate polyglutamates. Polyglutamates of methotrexate are a trivial component of total 3H within the cell until about 15 min, but thereafter, their rate of accumulation is constant so that by 1 hr they represent approximately 30% of total intracellular 3H. At steady state, there is a transmembrane chemical gradient for exchangeable methotrexate of 2.4:1; this is 24 times greater than the chemical gradient predicted for equilibrium when the transcellular membrane potential is considered. These results indicate that there are multiple routes for methotrexate transport in the rat hepatocyte that appear to be, at least in part, distinct from the routes for folic acid and the tetrahydrofolate cofactors. The data suggest that transport is energy and Na+ dependent and that the transport carrier requires intact sulfhydryl groups. Net association of methotrexate with the cells is a complex process determined by transport and binding to multiple sites within the cell and metabolism to polyglutamate derivatives that are retained within the cell.
CTLA4 aptamer delivers STAT3 siRNA to tumor-associated and malignant T cells

Intracellular therapeutic targets that define tumor immunosuppression in both tumor cells and T cells remain intractable. Here, we have shown that administration of a covalently linked siRNA to an aptamer (apt) that selectively binds cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA4apt) allows gene silencing in exhausted CD8+ T cells and Tregs in tumors as well as CTLA4-expressing malignant T cells. CTLA4 expression was upregulated in CD8+ T cells in the tumor milieu; therefore, CTLA4apt fused to a STAT3-targeting siRNA (CTLA4apt–STAT3 siRNA) resulted in internalization into tumor-associated CD8+ T cells and silencing of STAT3, which activated tumor antigen–specific T cells in murine models. Both local and systemic administration of CTLA4apt–STAT3 siRNA dramatically reduced tumor-associated Tregs. Furthermore, CTLA4apt–STAT3 siRNA potently inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in various mouse tumor models. Importantly, CTLA4 expression is observed in T cells of patients with blood malignancies, and CTLA4apt–STAT3 siRNA treatment of immunodeficient mice bearing human T cell lymphomas promoted tumor cell apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition. These data demonstrate that a CTLA4apt-based siRNA delivery strategy allows gene silencing in both tumor-associated T cells and tumor cells and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis.
Incidence of “Secondary Drowning” after saltwater submersion

Most authorities recommend admission of all near-drowning victims out of fear of "secondary drowning." Identifying victims at risk could promote vigorous evaluation and reduce unnecessary hospitalization. We prospectively studied 52 swimmers with symptoms of respiratory distress after submersion. Thirty-one (60%) were released on the beach, and none of 26 followed up by telephone sought medical care or exhibited symptoms of respiratory distress as many as five days later. Twenty-one patients (40%) were transported to a hospital for further evaluation. All who required admission displayed signs of respiratory distress within four hours. No patient developed "secondary drowning" after an asymptomatic interval, indicating that emergency department observation for four to six hours could effectively screen for those patients requiring inpatient therapy. We question the existence of "secondary drowning" as anything other than established, detectable respiratory insufficiency.
Success in Science or Engineering

This study tests several hypotheses concerning the effects that family structure has on an individual's personality development and its influence on his success in a science or engineering curriculum. One of the principal ideas tested is that success in college in science or engineering requires that the student develop strong feelings of independence and consequently be free from over-concern with interpersonal relations. Data were gathered on sixty undergraduates at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Two groups of thirty students each were selected: one a "successful" group and the other an "unsuccessful" group. Success and lack of success were defined in terms of academic performance. In general, the successful students come from homes in which the power structure and the roles of the parents are more clearly defined, thus allowing these boys to have a stronger identification with their fathers. The successful students are also found to be less concerned with interpersonal relations. The low achievers showed a stronger preference to work with people than did the high achievers. To explore further the origins of concern with interpersonal relations, two deviate subgroups, one from each sample, were studied in depth: the high achievers who preferred to work with people, and the low achievers who preferred not to work with people.
A new quantum dot transistor

Summary form only given. The authors propose and demonstrate a novel quantum dot transistor (QDT), which consists of a nanoscale dot-gate inside the gap of a split-gate. The dot-gate consists of an 80-nm-diameter metal dot in the middle of a 30-nm-wide metal wire; when positively biased, the gate creates a quantum box connected by two 1D wires beneath the gate. The negatively biased split-gate is used to change the Fermi level and therefore the electron concentration in the quantum box. The gates are fabricated on top of a delta -doped AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure using electron-beam lithography followed by a lift-off of Ti/Au. As the dot-gate voltage was scanned from 0 to 160 mV with the split-gate voltage fixed at -0.5 V, four distinct oscillation peaks appeared in drain current at T=0.5 K. >
Effects of chronic cetamolol therapy on resting, ambulatory, and exercise blood pressure and heart rate.

We studied blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses in 12 patients with hypertension who were receiving cetamolol, a cardioselective β-blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. The BP and HR parameters were evaluated at rest (casual, office readings), with ambulatory BP monitoring, and after treadmill exercise testing. At a mean (± SD) dose of 46 ± 21 mg/day, casual supine BP decreased by 10/12 mm Hg (P < 0.05 for systolic; P < 0.01 for diastolic) compared with placebo, while HR decreased 4 bpm. Cetamolol resulted in a significant reduction in the mean 24-hour systolic BP. The most striking reduction occurred in the BP at work (23 mm Hg), with almost no decrease in the BP during sleep. Ambulatory HR reductions occurred while the subjects were at work (9 bpm; P < 0.05) but not while at home (awake) or during sleep. The mean duration of exercise was the same during cetamolol and placebo phases, but both HR and BP fell significantly at peak performance after cetamolol. These data suggest that cetamolol reduces BP without lowering HR at rest. During periods of increased adrenergic activity such as work and dynamic exercise, both HR and BP are reduced. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1986) 39, 664–668; doi:10.1038/clpt.1986.116
Pair Correlations in Superfluid Helium 3

In 1996 Lee, Osheroff and Richardson received the Nobel Prize for their 1971 discovery of superfluid helium 3 - a discovery which opened the door to the most fascinating system known in condensed matter physics. The superfluid phases of helium 3, originating from pair condensation of helium 3 atoms, turned out to be the ideal test-system for many fundamental concepts of modern physics, such as macroscopic quantum phenomena, (gauge-)symmetries and their spontaneous breakdown, topological defects, etc. Thereby they enriched condensed matter physics enormously and contributed significantly to our understanding of various other physical systems, from heavy fermion and high-T c superconductors all the way to neutron stars and the early universe. A pedagogical introduction is presented.
Influence of Helicobacter pylori Infection During Atherogenesis In Vivo in Mice

Inflammatory diseases may have a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Several epidemiological and clinical studies have explored the possible association between Helicobacter pylori seropositivity, cardiovascular risk factors, and ischemic heart disease. The contradictory results of these studies have fueled a debate regarding the link between H pylori infection and atherogenesis. This study tested the hypothesis that H pylori infection might influence atherosclerosis in vivo in mice. Male wild-type C57/Bl6 mice and LDL-receptor deficient congenic mice were randomly assigned for infection with H pylori. All animals were fed a high-cholesterol diet (1.25%) for 6 or 12 weeks. At autopsy, we compared aortic atherosclerotic lesion formation and lipid deposition. H pylori infection influenced neither the progression of atherosclerotic lesions nor lipid deposition. Moreover, the cellularity of atherosclerotic lesions (macrophages and T cells) did not differ between mice infected or not infected with H p...
Effectiveness of dual hedging with price and yield futures

Futures price contracts and options on price futures have been used for quite some time to manage price risk. However, similar market-based instruments for managing yield risk have not been available. Instead, fed­ eral agricultural support programs such as deficiency payments and non­ recourse loan programs along with subsidized crop yield insurance pro­ grams have served as alternatives to market-based risk management mechanisms. On 2 June 1995, the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) launched an interesting innovation into the agricultural markets, namely the quantity-based crop yield futures and options contracts. The first listed for trading was the Iowa Corn Yield Insurance Futures and Options contract, which started with fairly modest volume and open interest. Then, surprisingly, on 19 January 1996, the CBOT added a U.S. contract plus four additional state corn yield contracts for Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Nebraska, thereby further diluting the already thin market in the existing Iowa contract. The idea behind the move was that the low cor-
A Dissociation between the Representation of Tool-use Skills and Hand Dominance: Insights from Left- and Right-handed Callosotomy Patients

& The overwhelming majority of evidence indicates that the left cerebral hemisphere of right-handed humans is dominant both for manual control and the representation of acquired skills, including tool use. It is, however, unclear whether these functions involve common or dissociable mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that the disconnected left hemispheres of both right- and left-handed split-brain patients are specialized for representing acquired tool-use skills. When required to pantomime actions associated with familiar tools (Experiment 2), both patients show a right-hand (left hemisphere) advantage in response to tool names, pictures, and actual objects. Accuracy decreases as stimuli become increasingly symbolic when using the left hand (right hemisphere). Tested in isolation with lateralized pictures (Experiment 3), each patient’s left hemisphere demonstrates a significant advantage over the right hemisphere for pantomiming tool-use actions with the contralateral hand. The fact that this asymmetry occurs even in a left-handed patient suggests that the left hemisphere specialization for representing praxis skills can be dissociated from mechanisms involved in hand dominance located in the right hemisphere. This effect is not attributable to differences at the conceptual level, as the left and right hemispheres are equally and highly competent at associating tools with observed pantomimes (Experiment 4). &
J.G. Herder, the Origin of Language, and the Possibility of Transcultural Narratives

Herder's ideas on cultural plurality in language offer an explanation for how narrative might bridge cultural boundaries. In his Essay on the Origin of Language, Herder focuses on language as the specifically human trait that distinguishes humanity from all other species on the one hand and the creator of human differences and diversity of cultures on the other hand. The crucial issue for Herder's aesthetics of language is the reception process whereby a particular experience acquires linguistic form. This process functions in the origin of language and in the translation from one language to another in a similar way. In both cases, the particular environmental forces that are significant in the mind of the receiver become crucial for the shaping of the final linguistic or narrative construct being received. If this is true, then cases of transcultural narrative are not examples of the creation of a ‘common’ narrative. Rather, narrative ‘proliferates’ across cultures by multiplying itself in a process tha...
Entropy and Memory Constrained Vector Quantization with Separability Based Feature Selection

An iterative model selection algorithm is proposed. The algorithm seeks relevant features and an optimal number of code-words (or codebook size) as part of the optimization. We use a well-known separability measure to perform feature selection, and we use a Lagrangian with entropy and codebook size constraints to find the optimal number of codewords. We add two model selection steps to the quantization process: one for feature selection and the other for choosing the number of clusters. Once relevant and irrelevant features are identified, we also estimate the probability density function of irrelevant features instead of discarding them. This can avoid the bias of problem of the separability measure favoring high dimensional spaces.
Threshold Optimization for Distributed Detection using Particle Filtering Methods

Local processing on the nodes of a distributed sensing and processing system has the benefits of reducing the data volume transferred from the nodes to the fusion center, reducing both transmission power requirements and the computational burden on the fusion center. The individual nodes obtain measurements from the environment and transmit a quantized detection statistic to the fusion center. Quantization threshold levels need to be found for each sensor that maximize the performance of the system. We propose a global optimization method, the particle filtering optimization method, that uses particle filtering to propagate the values of the thresholds of a distributed detection system to sensor threshold values that are optimal with respect to some measure of system performance. We demonstrate, through simulations, the effectiveness of the particle filtering optimization method in finding the threshold of each of the sensors used in detection scenario
PTF-based Test Automation for JAVA Applications on Mobile Phones

Automation of tests for JAVA Applications on Mobile Phones is as a critical aspect for software companies. This report is devoted to Motorola St.-Petersburg experience in this area. Both technical details and ROI (Return on Investment) analysis are provided.
Automated feedback for unachievable high-level robot behaviors

One of the main challenges in robotics is the generation of controllers for autonomous, high-level robot behaviors comprising a non-trivial sequence of actions. Recently, formal methods have emerged as a powerful tool for automatically generating autonomous robot controllers that guarantee desired behaviors expressed by a class of temporal logic specifications. However, when there is no controller that fulfills the specification, these approaches do not provide the user with a source of failure, making the troubleshooting of specifications an unstructured and time-consuming process. In this paper, we describe a procedure for analyzing an unsynthesizable specification to identify causes of failure. We also provide an interactive game for exploring possible causes of failure, in which the user attempts to fulfill the robot specification against an adversarial environment. Our approach is implemented within the LTLMoP toolkit for robot mission planning.
Shakespeare and Girlhood

This article examines the burgeoning field of Shakespeare and Girls’ Studies, highlighting some of the exciting developments that have taken place in the past 5–10 years. Inspired by the growing interest in early modern children and childhood, scholars have begun to ask where girls fit into the equation. Although Shakespeare uses the word “girl” nearly seventy times, only four of his characters are what we would identify as pre-adolescent female children: Clarence’s daughter in RichardIII, the infant Perdita in The Winter’s Tale, the infant Marina in Pericles, and the infant Elizabeth I in HenryVIIII. More difficult to categorize are young characters like Juliet, who is only thirteen but poised on the cusp of womanhood, and young women like Miranda in The Tempest, who are romantic heroines but still under the authority of their fathers. The category of the girl is slippery and contested in Shakespeare’s time as well as our own, and since constructions of girlhood have changed over time, it can be even more difficult to pin down exactly what is meant by Shakespeare’s girls. These problems of definition have required scholars of Shakespeare’s girls to carefully define what they mean by the term, but those challenges have also helped them produce nuanced accounts of how his plays produce female characters as girls and how his plays have been used to produce ideas about girlhood over time.
The effect of deterministic noise in subgradient methods

In this paper, we study the influence of noise on subgradient methods for convex constrained optimization. The noise may be due to various sources, and is manifested in inexact computation of the subgradients and function values. Assuming that the noise is deterministic and bounded, we discuss the convergence properties for two cases: the case where the constraint set is compact, and the case where this set need not be compact but the objective function has a sharp set of minima (for example the function is polyhedral). In both cases, using several different stepsize rules, we prove convergence to the optimal value within some tolerance that is given explicitly in terms of the errors. In the first case, the tolerance is nonzero, but in the second case, the optimal value can be obtained exactly, provided the size of the error in the subgradient computation is below some threshold. We then extend these results to objective functions that are the sum of a large number of convex functions, in which case an incremental subgradient method can be used.
Outdoor facility for quarantine of wild rodents infected with hantavirus.

Abstract Wild-caught deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) may harbor the highly pathogenic Sin Nombre hantavirus. Founding of new colonies of deer mice and use of the species indoors require that they first be shown to be free of the virus. We developed a safe and inexpensive outdoor facility for extended quarantine of deer mice. It consists of 34 self-enclosed artificial burrows (nest boxes) contained within a fenced enclosure (20 by 20 m). The nest box used in this study allowed us to maintain juvenile and adult wild-caught Peromyscus successfully for extended periods (≤18 weeks) through fluctuating weather, including heavy rains, snow, and ambient temperatures of −7.6–41.1°C. Nest boxes were effective for protection against predators, and rodents were unable to escape. Outdoor standards for safe handling of wild hantavirus-infected rodents are applicable in this setting rather than those applying to laboratories intended for high-level biological containment. Use of such enclosures should facilitate the ...
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Related Stand-off Detection Technologies

The state of-the-art of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy is presented highlighting current problems for the analysis/detection of organic compounds at remote locations as well as possible workarounds and hyphenation with other analytical techniques.
SHARED DECISION MAKING AND TREATMENT PREFERENCES AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY

Guidelines recommend shared decision making when selecting a treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD). It is unknown if patients undergoing coronary angiography wish to participate in decision making or what they prefer for treatment. We surveyed 98 patients prior to angiography at an academic
Tracking Control for a Non-Minimum Phase Autonomous Helicopter

This paper develops a general control algorithm for precision output tracking of nonlinear non-minimum phase dynamics of an autonomous three degree-of-freedom unmanned helicopter. Previous approaches in ight control literature have shown approximate tracking by neglecting the coupling between the forces and moments generated by the control eectors. However, it is shown that this coupling is signicant in the model under study and cannot be neglected. In this paper the coupling is retained and natural time-scale decomposition of the vehicle model is employed for accomplishing asymptotic tracking. The design procedure determines the desired internal state trajectory and the control scheme to stabilize the helicopter in hover. Stability is analyzed using Lyapunov methods and results show that the approach is able to accomplish perfect tracking while stabilizing the closed-loop system and keeping all closed-loop signals bounded.
A Temperature-Dependent Model for Fall Armyworm Development,

The influence of temperature on egg-to-adult developmental times and rates of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), was studied in the laboratory at a variety of constant and variable temperatures. Mean total developmental time ranged from 66.6 days (15.6°C) to 18.4 days (35.0°C). Male and female development times were not significantly different. Means and standard deviations of fall armyworm developmental rates (= times−1) were inputs into a previously derived absolute reaction rate model designed to generate a set of kinetic constants usable in predicting developmental times. The distribution of cohort developmental times was compared to predictions from an existing stochastic cohort model and was found to be in reasonable agreement at all temperatures tested.
Tobacco and the Nonsmoker: A Study of Subjective Symptoms

(1968). Tobacco and the Nonsmoker. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal: Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 443-446.
Sunflower Insect Pests

Publisher Summary Cultivated sunflowers have conspicuous heads, abundant pollen and nectar, and are grown together in large plots, all of which contribute to the attractiveness of sunflowers to insects. The most identifiable beneficial insects in sunflowers are bees, which improve sunflower yields by increasing pollination, even for some hybrids considered to be self-fertile. Sunflowers also attract an astounding diversity of herbivorous insects. However, crop losses and management challenges with insect pests are most severe in the native range of sunflowers. In addition to the concentration of host plants, morphological and chemical changes produced by domestication of sunflower appear to make the crop more susceptible to insect damage than wild sunflowers. This chapter provides updated information on the biology and management of a few key pests of oilseed sunflowers in North America. It also discusses the costs of insect pests, sunflower insects in other settings, e.g., outside of North America, in non-oilseed sunflowers, and the potential for breeding to reduce costs associated with sunflower insects.
Minocycline: Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label Drug Facts, a publication available from Wolters Kluwer Health. Off-Label Drug Facts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific drug uses that are unapproved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This new guide to the literature enables the health care professional or clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information before patient care decisions are made. Direct questions or comments regarding Off-Label Drug Uses to jgeneral@ku.edu.
Assessing Intercultural Outcomes in Engineering Programs

This chapter provides readers with a foundation for understanding the assessment process as it relates to intercultural outcomes by discussing tool educators can use to frame assessment efforts for gauging students ?> cultural competence. It provides a general overview of assessment processes within intercultural learning and examines principles associated with good assessment practices within this particular topic area. The author shares examples of intercultural outcomes assessment and provides readers with a checklist that can be used in developing related assessment plans for engineering programs. In reviewing outcomes assessment from higher education studies conducted in various parts of the world, it is helpful to understand limitations of intercultural outcomes assessment in engineering. Based on research and given the complexity of intercultural competence, an assessment plan involving a multi-method, multi-perspective assessment approach is desired. The complexities of intercultural learning translate into assessment strategies that require time and effort.
Performing the Academy: Alterity and David Mamet’s Oleanna

In dramatic contrast with David Lodge’s academic characters who engage in seemingly endless quests for romance, the protagonists in David Mamet’s Oleanna (1992) have little use for love within the more tenuous boundaries of their own, much smaller world" Utterly unable to communicate on nearly any meaningful level, Mamet’s characters retreat into their own situational ethos and cede responsibility for their predicaments outward to their academic others" Mamet’s pejorative poetics reaches its satirical zenith when he forces his characters, in the play’s fnal act, to confront their expectations about the intellectual - and, in many instances, social – manna that they feel the academy should be obligated to provide them" The resulting tension between each of the protagonist’s expectations and their inevitable power struggle allows Mamet to establish the premise for his academic satire in Oleanna"
Impact of mTOR Inhibition on FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells as Compared to Conventional T Cells after Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation.

Abstract FoxP3+CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells (Treg) have been shown to effectively reduce the severity of experimental acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) while sparing graft-versus-leukemia activity. These findings, in concert with the observation that human and murine Treg share functional characteristics, have fueled interest in clinical trials to control aGvHD. Recent data indicates that the immunosuppressant rapamycin (RAPA) in contrast to cyclosporine A does not interfere with in vivo function of Treg and could enhance Treg expansion in vitro by a yet unknown mechanism. To investigate the impact of mTOR inhibition on proliferating Treg and Tconv, both cell types were exposed to CD3/CD28 Mabs in the presence of different RAPA concentrations in vitro. Phosphorylation of mTOR downstream products p70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 were assessed by western blot and flow cytometry. Inhibition of the phosphorylation of p70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 was observed in both populations in the presence of RAPA. Interestingly, Treg were more resistant to mTOR inhibition as compared to Tconv and displayed significantly higher phosphorylated products in the presence of RAPA at 10 nM (MFI Treg vs Tconv, p To investigate whether Treg and RAPA protect from aGvHD in a synergistic manner, BALB/c recipients were transplanted with H-2 disparate BM and 1.6x10e6 T-cells (FVB/N) after lethal irradiation (8 Gy). aGvHD lethality was only slightly reduced when suboptimal Tconv:Treg ratios were employed (4:1, 8:1), or when recipients were treated with a non-protective RAPA dose (0.5 mg/kg bodyweight). Combining a suboptimal Tconv:Treg ratio with a non-protective RAPA dose reduced expansion of luciferase expressing (luc+) Tconv and pro-inflamatory cytokines and improved survival indicative for an additive in vivo effect of RAPA and Treg. To evaluate the impact of RAPA on in vivo T cell expansion, either luc+ Tconv or luc+ Treg were adoptively transferred. In vivo bioluminescence imaging demonstrated that RAPA had a more potent inhibitory effect on proliferation of Tconv as compared to Treg (p Thus, increased Treg numbers observed in RAPA containing expansion cultures are likely due to a lower susceptibility of this cell population to mTOR inhibition. This could explain the observed synergistic effect of RAPA and Treg in aGvHD protection which has relevance for clinical trials utilizing Treg to prevent aGvHD.
Population Diversity of Grape Phylloxera in California and Evidence for Sexual Reproduction

Until recently the foliar forms of grape phylloxera have been absent or very rare in California, and nodosities have not been common on resistant rootstocks. Foliar phylloxera are now widely spread in the mothervine plantings of grape rootstock nurseries in Yolo and Solano counties. There have also been frequent observations of nodosities on resistant rootstocks. To determine the genetic relationships within and among these seemingly new types of phylloxera, collections were made across California from 2009 to 2011. Foliar-feeding phylloxera strains were collected from rootstock mothervines at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Winters, CA, the University of California, Davis (UCD) vineyards, and six commercial rootstock nursery plantings in Yolo and Solano Counties. Root-feeding samples were collected from a rootstock trial at the UCD Oakville research station vineyard in Napa County, which had previously been sampled in 2006 and 2007. Root-feeding samples were also collected from commercial vineyards in Napa and Sonoma Counties, and the UCD vineyard. All samples were tested and genotyped using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and the genetic structure of the populations was analyzed. The results identified four genetically distinct populations of phylloxera in California, which were named Davis, Foliar, Napa1 and Napa2. Davis, Napa1 and Napa2 were composed of root-feeding samples. Multilocus genotypes (MLG) with identical DNA fingerprint profiles were detected in the 2006–07 samples from the Oakville research station. More genetic divergence was observed in the Davis, Napa1 and Napa2 populations with evidence for sexual reproduction between members of Napa1 and Napa2. The Foliar population consisted of only foliar-feeding samples with MLGs that were not detected prior to 2009 and asexual reproduction was clearly the primary reproductive mode.
Human AML-iPSCs Reacquire Leukemic Properties after Differentiation and Model Clonal Variation of Disease.

Understanding the relative contributions of genetic and epigenetic abnormalities to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) should assist integrated design of targeted therapies. In this study, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from AML patient samples harboring MLL rearrangements and found that they retained leukemic mutations but reset leukemic DNA methylation/gene expression patterns. AML-iPSCs lacked leukemic potential, but when differentiated into hematopoietic cells, they reacquired the ability to give rise to leukemia in vivo and reestablished leukemic DNA methylation/gene expression patterns, including an aberrant MLL signature. Epigenetic reprogramming was therefore not sufficient to eliminate leukemic behavior. This approach also allowed us to study the properties of distinct AML subclones, including differential drug susceptibilities of KRAS mutant and wild-type cells, and predict relapse based on increased cytarabine resistance of a KRAS wild-type subclone. Overall, our findings illustrate the value of AML-iPSCs for investigating the mechanistic basis and clonal properties of human AML.
Relocation Consideration by Central City Manufacturing Firms

This paper considers issues related to firm relocation decisions using a set of survey responses from non-mover industrial establishments in Milwaukee. The empirical analysis uses probit analysis to test for signfiicant differences in the characteristics of establishments and their surroundings between those non-movers which seriously considered relocation to another part of the city and those that did not. The answers to this analysis will be useful to better evaluate and target public policies for central city economic development.
An Investigation of Couples’ Help-Seeking: A Multiple Case Study

Research of the effectiveness of couples counseling has demonstrated clear benefits (e.g.; Lebow et al. (Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 38(1):145–168, 2012)). However, relatively few couples initiate counseling and seek help. This exploratory study employed a qualitative multiple case study approach to heterosexual couples (N = 7) that were currently in the process of seeking conjoint therapy to identify intra and interpersonal factors that influence relational help-seeking. Participants reported that female partners were the first to perceive a problem and suggest seeking professional help. In turn, male partners reported feeling a sense of failure and fear of judgment when considering couples counseling. Patterns of blame, withdrawal, and aggression contributed to increased distress, which eventually led these couples to counseling, some with mixed-agendas for services.
Vibration of a Doubly Curved Orthotropic Panel with Families of Holes and Inclusions of Any Shape

Within the framework of an improved model taking into account transverse shear strains, we present a solution of the problem of steady-state vibration of a doubly curved orthotropic panel with families of holes and absolutely rigid inclusions of any geometric shapes, orientations, and locations, as well as with various types of junctions with the panel. The case of translational motion of the inclusions in the direction normal to the median surface of the panel is analyzed. The outer boundary of the panel has a complex geometric configuration. We consider different boundary conditions harmonic in time both on the outer boundary of the panel and on the contours of the holes. The solution is constructed by using the indirect boundary-element method. The sequential approach to the representation of Green’s functions is used. Integral equations are solved by the collocation method.
Dressing “in code”: Clothing rules, propriety, and perceptions

Does dressing in line with societal clothing rules make a woman appear more professional and competent? We used a within-subjects design and tested if participants rated women dressed in compliance...
A microwave tomographic technique to enhance real-imaginary permittivity image quality

Typical microwave tomographic techniques reconstruct the real part of the permittivity with much greater accuracy as compared to the imaginary part. In this paper, we propose a method to mitigate the imbalance between the reconstructed complex permittivity components. To do so, the cross-sectional complex permittivity is expressed as summation of some known permittivities weighted by their corresponding fractions. We reconstruct the unknown complex permittivity of the imaging domain by computing the fractions of the known permittivities. A modified Gauss-Newton algorithm formulated for this particular scenario, is employed. Simulation results show that while direct reconstructions of the complex permittivity sometimes fail to obtain balance between relative permittivity and conductivity images, the proposed method leads to excellent reconstruction for both permittivity components.
Mayo Clinic Care Network: A Collaborative Health Care Model

By leveraging its experience and expertise as a consultative clinical partner, the Mayo Clinic developed an innovative, scalable care model to accomplish several strategic goals: (1) create and sustain high-value relationships that benefit patients and providers, (2) foster relationships with like-minded partners to act as a strategy against the development of narrow health care networks, and (3) increase national and international brand awareness of Mayo Clinic. The result was the Mayo Clinic Care Network.
Home Glucose Monitoring Offers No Benefit to Patients Not Using Insulin.

Home glucose monitoring of patients in primary care does not improve A1C scores or quality of life over one year in patients who are not taking insulin.
Motor loss and temperature reduction with high switching frequency SiC-based inverters

This paper presents motor loss and temperature reduction performed with high switching frequency SiC-Based inverter for high speed motor. We developed prototype SiC inverter with proposed SiC gate drivers and custom SiC power modules. The proposed gate driver can reduce switching losses and switching delay time for higher switching frequency. We also developed SiC power modules without anti-parallel SBDs to reduce switching time and make it possible to enhance switching frequency higher. This paper shows some experimental results confirmed that the prototype SiC inverter reduces inverter loss compare to Silicon IGBT inverter at the same switching frequency, and also the prototype SiC inverter reduces motor loss and temperature with higher switching frequency.
Simulations of Sorption in Pores With Constrictions

Abstract Molecular dynamics computer simulations of the sorption of krypton at 100 K in three model pores are reported. The averaged energies and the local densities of the sorbed atoms were evaluated as functions of the pore loadings. The pores were cylindrical, with radii that varied sinusoidally along their lengths. In addition, the atomic structure of the pore walls was explicitly taken into account. It is demonstrated that both the monolayer adsorption and the condensation of atoms into the central pore volumes begins long before the monolayer is complete in the constricted regions of the pores. Because of surface heterogeneity in these pores, condensation occurs not as a sharp transition but rather as a minor anomaly in the average Kr-Kr energy.