cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Clinical introduction of a novel prosthesis for valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction for annuloaortic ectasia.

Abstract Objective: Most patients with annuloaortic ectasia are young. They are at risk for complications related to a lifetime of anticoagulation when composite grafts containing mechanical valves are used for reconstruction. The majority of patients have near normal valve cusps. Valve-preserving techniques have been developed to maintain valve function and avoid anticoagulation. The eddy currents occurring within the sinuses of Valsalva in the natural aortic root have been shown to be important in the smooth, gradual, and gentle closure of the valve. Compliance of the sinuses is important in reducing stress in the leaflets. A novel ascending aortic prosthesis with "built in" compliant sinuses (Robicsek-Thubrikar graft) was developed for clinical aortic root replacement. Methods: Woven Dacron tubes were used to make the prostheses. Three precisely measured square pieces were cut to make the expandable, individual sinuses. Sewing the individual neo-sinuses to a scalloped end of the Dacron tube graft created the neo-sinotubular junction and sinotubular ridge. Five patients with annuloaortic ectasia underwent valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction. Results: All intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic images after the valve-preserving procedure showed a normal appearing root with 10% radial expansion of each sinus in systole. The space between the cusps and neo-sinus wall in systole was normal. No patient has more than mild aortic regurgitation. Conclusions: Valve-preserving aortic root reconstruction with a novel Dacron prosthesis with compliant "built in" sinuses re-establishes normal aortic root geometry with near normal valve motion. This may enhance the durability of the valve-preserving operation. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000;120:692-8)
Extra-cardiac findings at cardiac CT: experience with 1,764 patients

To investigate incidental extra-cardiac findings (ECF) at cardiac CT based on indication and impact on patient management. We retrospectively reviewed the reports of 1,764 patients who underwent a cardiac CT study between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2006, including 463 calcium scorings (CS), 737 coronary CT angiograms (CTA), 341 pulmonary vein stenoses (PVS), and 223 bypass grafts (CABG). ECFs were categorized by type of examination, anatomical location and clinical significance. Comparisons were made between examination types to determine if incidental findings varied by indication. There were 507 ECFs with at least one ECF in 441 patients (25.0%). By examination, there was at least 1 ECF in 79/463 CS studies (17.1%), 196/737 CTAs (26.6%), 80/341 PVSs (23.4%) and 86/223 CABGs (38.6%). In 325 patients (18.4%), the findings were considered clinically important and occurred in 60/463 (12.9%) CSs, 149/737 (20.2%) CTAs, 56/341 (16.4%) PVSs and 60/223 (26.9%) CABGs. Differences between CABG and other indications and CTA vs. CS for incidental and clinically important findings were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Extra-cardiac findings requiring follow-up occur in 18% of patients and are significantly more frequent in coronary artery CTA and coronary artery bypass studies than in calcium scoring studies.
Accuracy of three interocclusal recording materials used to mount a working cast

When remaining occlusal contacts of a dental posterior quadrant have been prepared to receive complete or partial coverage restorations, it is necessary to use an interocclusal recording material to approximate the casts for laboratory mounting procedures. Inaccuracy in working cast approximation leads to occlusal discrepancies in the fabricated restorations that require correction by the dentist at the time of insertion. Traditionally waxes, impression compounds, plasters, and zinc oxide-eugenol pastes have been used intraorally to record maxillomandibular relationships. Elastomeric materials have also been advocated. Manufacturers of thermoplastic resins have recently suggested that these materials may be used with ease and accuracy for interocclusal records. This investigation measured and compared the accuracies of a thermoplastic resin, an acrylic resin, and a vinyl polysiloxane interocclusal recording material. A measuring method was developed in which a computerized axiograph was used to record positional errors in three planes, next to the posterior teeth, with the interocclusal recording materials listed.
Thermal transport of single-crystal HoNi2B2C and DyNi2B2C

Abstract The quaternary intermetallic rare-earth nickel borocarbides, RNi 2 B 2 C, are a family of compounds that show magnetic behavior, superconducting behavior, and/or both. Thermal transport measurements reveal both electron and phonon scattering mechanisms, and can provide information on the interplay of these two long-range phenomena. For R=Dy and Ho, the thermal conductivity is dominated by electrons and the low temperature thermal conductivity exhibits a marked loss of scattering at the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature, T N . Unlike the case for R=Y and Lu non-magnetic superconductors, a phonon peak in the thermal conductivity below T c is not observed down to T =1.4 K for the R=Dy and Ho magnetic superconductors.
Zero voltage switching double-wing multilevel modular switched-capacitor DC-DC converter with voltage regulation

This paper presents a phase-shift control method for double-wing multilevel modular switched-capacitor dc-dc converter (DW-MMCCC) to achieve output voltage regulation and zero voltage switching features. By utilizing the circuit stray inductance and the proposed phase-shift control method, the output voltage of DW-MMCCC can be controlled without sacrificing efficiency significantly. The DW-MMCCCs with odd conversion ratio and even conversion ratio are analyzed separately. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. A 500 W prototype is built; and experimental results is provided to validate the proposed operating method.
EFIMOV'S EFFECT: A NEW PATHOLOGY OF THREE-PARTICLE SYSTEMS. II.

By studying the eigenvalue spectrum of the Faddeev kernel in a certain singular limit, we give an independent proof of an effect recently deduced by Efimov: When three identical particles interact via short-range pairwise potentials, the number of three-body bound states grows without limit when the pairwise scattering length $a$ becomes large. [The number of bound states is then roughly $(\frac{1}{\ensuremath{\pi}})\mathrm{ln}(\ensuremath{\Lambda}|a|)$, where $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ is a momentum cutoff]. We extend our proof to the case where only two particles are identical and show that Efimov's effect persists in the special limiting cases with two heavy and one light particle, and with two light and one heavy particle.
Hemiplegia: A study of home rehabilitation☆

Abstract A study of 46 patients with hemiplegia has demonstrated the feasibility of rehabilitation in the home environment. Age, family income, and site of the hemiplegia seemed to affect prognosis.
Specific φX174 DNA fragments as internal markers for the mapping of φX174 DNA molecules in the electron microscope

φX174 RF II^‡ molecules were constructed in vitro by annealing circular φX174 viral DNA and linear φX174 complementary strand DNA. When a specific fragment of φX174 RF purified from a digestion with the restriction endonuclease Hind from Hemophilus influenzae was included in the renaturation mixture φX174 RF II molecules containing a loop corresponding in size to the fragment were seen. This was confirmed for three different DNA fragments. φX174 RF II molecules were constructed in the presence of two restriction fragments. In addition to molecules containing one loop corresponding in size to one of the fragments, molecules containing two loops were seen. The two loops corresponded in size to the two restriction fragments and the distances between the two loops corresponded to the distances between the two fragments on the Hind cleavage map of φX174 RF. By including two fragments of distinguishable size that map asymmetrically on the cleavage map in the renaturation mixture, φX174 RF II molecules were constructed which could be oriented on the cleavage map. Using the two loops as internal markers the φX174 genetic map was superimposed on the electron micrographs of these molecules.
Transposable element dynamics and PIWI regulation impacts lncRNA and gene expression diversity in Drosophila ovarian cell cultures

Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) repress transposable elements (TEs) from mobilizing in gonadal cells. To determine the spectrum of piRNA-regulated targets that may extend beyond TEs, we conducted a genome-wide survey for transcripts associated with PIWI and for transcripts affected by PIWI knockdown in Drosophila ovarian somatic sheet (OSS) cells, a follicle cell line expressing the Piwi pathway. Despite the immense sequence diversity among OSS cell piRNAs, our analysis indicates that TE transcripts are the major transcripts associated with and directly regulated by PIWI. However, several coding genes were indirectly regulated by PIWI via an adjacent de novo TE insertion that generated a nascent TE transcript. Interestingly, we noticed that PIWI-regulated genes in OSS cells greatly differed from genes affected in a related follicle cell culture, ovarian somatic cells (OSCs). Therefore, we characterized the distinct genomic TE insertions across four OSS and OSC lines and discovered dynamic TE landscapes in gonadal cultures that were defined by a subset of active TEs. Particular de novo TEs appeared to stimulate the expression of novel candidate long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in a cell lineage-specific manner, and some of these TE-associated lncRNAs were associated with PIWI and overlapped PIWI-regulated genes. Our analyses of OSCs and OSS cells demonstrate that despite having a Piwi pathway to suppress endogenous mobile elements, gonadal cell TE landscapes can still dramatically change and create transcriptome diversity.
Benign prostate glandular tissue at radical prostatectomy surgical margins.

Objective To determine whether the presence of benign glandular tissue at the radical prostatectomy surgical margin is associated with technique (open radical prostatectomy [ORP] or robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy [RALRP]) and if benign glandular tissue increases the risk of biochemical recurrence. Methods Surgical specimens from men with clinical T1-T2 disease who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) between 2004 and 2010 were re-reviewed by a single uropathologist, examining all sections from the prostate apex and base for the presence of benign glandular tissue and tumor at the margin. Regression analysis was used to examine associations of benign glandular tissue with surgical approach and biochemical recurrence. Results Of 934 cases reviewed, 431 were managed by ORP and 503 by RALRP with a median follow-up of 49 and 28 months, respectively. Overall, benign glandular tissue was found in 274 cases (29%): 98 (36%) at the apex, 138 (50%) at the base, and 38 (14%) at both. Compared with those who underwent ORP, patients who underwent RALRP had 3-fold greater odds of benign glandular tissue at the margin (P Conclusion Patients undergoing RALRP were more likely to have benign glandular tissue at the surgical margin. However, the presence of benign glandular tissue was not an independent risk factor for biochemical recurrence.
Influence of cholera toxin on the growth and development of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary carcinomas.

Abstract Daily injections of cholera toxin (2.0 μg/rat/day) for 4 weeks to female Sprague-Dawley rats did not significantly affect the growth of palpable N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced rat mammary carcinomas. Percent increase in tumor volume was + 78.8% for control animals and + 72.8% for cholera toxin treated animals. Daily treatment for 16 weeks of female Sprague-Dawley rats with cholera toxin (1.0 μg/rat/day), commencing 3 days after MNU treatment, resulted in a significant (P
Chromatographic fractionation and characterization of antibody based on the thermal dissociation of the specific antigen-antibody complex.

Chromatographic Fractionation and Characterization of Antibody Based on the Thermal Dissociation of the Specific Antigen–Antibody Complex
Dual growth factor releasing multi-functional nanofibers for wound healing

The objective of this research is to develop a dual growth factor-releasing nanoparticle-in-nanofiber system for wound healing applications. In order to mimic and promote the natural healing procedure, chitosan and poly(ethylene oxide) were electrospun into nanofibrous meshes as mimics of extracellular matrix. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was loaded within nanofibers to promote angiogenesis in the short term. In addition, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles were embedded inside nanofibers to generate a sustained release of PDGF-BB for accelerated tissue regeneration and remodeling. In vitro studies revealed that our nanofibrous composites delivered VEGF quickly and PDGF-BB in a relayed manner, supported fibroblast growth and exhibited anti-bacterial activities. A preliminary in vivo study performed on normal full thickness rat skin wound models demonstrated that nanofiber/nanoparticle scaffolds significantly accelerated the wound healing process by promoting angiogenesis, increasing re-epithelialization and controlling granulation tissue formation. For later stages of healing, evidence also showed quicker collagen deposition and earlier remodeling of the injured site to achieve a faster full regeneration of skin compared to the commercial Hydrofera Blue® wound dressing. These results suggest that our nanoparticle-in-nanofiber system could provide a promising treatment for normal and chronic wound healing.
Prospects for dinuclear transition metal chemistry illustrated by recent advances in the chemistry of dimolybdenum and ditungsten

Abstract : This manuscript represents both a final report and a technical report. (1) Publications, including those currently in press, acknowledging ONR support are listed. (2) Recent advances in the chemistry of Dimolybdenum and Ditungsten are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed upon the reactivity patterns of dinuclear compounds and the prospects for the future developments in this new area of transition metal chemistry. (Author)
Video recommendations for the open video project

We describe a DL multimedia recommender system implemented for the Open Video project. Recommendations are generated by a spreading activation algorithm operating on a video network created from log download sequences. We compared the system's recommendations to those generated by a collaborative filtering technique.
Single-Molecule Super-Resolution Imaging of TcpP Dynamics in Vibrio Cholerae in Response to Virulence Pathway Deactivation by Increased Cell Density

The agent of the epidemic human disease cholera is Vibrio cholerae, a bacterium which produces cholera toxin via a virulence pathway that has previously been described biochemically. Various environmental stimuli affect this pathway, which is halted when the cell density is low. One virulence pathway component, TcpP, is a transcription activator that acts in concert with other membrane proteins, ToxS, TcpH and ToxR to regulate ToxT expression. TcpP regulation is itself mediated by various cellular signaling pathways. One popular model for the life of each TcpP molecule suggests that TcpP is coupled to a complex made up of ToxR, TcpH and DNA during transcription, and that TcpP is decoupled from this group upon the deactivation of the virulence pathway before degradation by regulated intramembrane proteolysis. This volume change of the diffusing TcpP particle should cause a measurable change in the rate of diffusion as predicted by the Einstein-Stokes equation. Here, we use single-molecule super-resolution fluorescence microscopy to measure the motion of individual TcpP molecules labeled with the photo-activatable fluorescent protein PAmCherry in live V. cholerae cells. Furthermore, we prepare our samples for imaging within an agarose microfluidic device, in which we set up a linear gradient of spent media inside to simulate increasing cell density. By imaging single cells at different signal concentrations on a single slide, variations in preparation or initial cell state will be decoupled from the effect of cell density on the mobility of TcpP, and we observe changes in TcpP-PAmCherry diffusion that we explain in the context of differences in the virulence pathway activity level.
CHALLENGES AND DILEMMAS IN IMPLEMENTING THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT: LESSONS FROM THE FIRST DECADE

The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 represents a strong national commitment to protecting the full rights and opportunities of persons with disabilities. This article traces evidence of the impact of the ADA's implementation and compliance during its first decade and is organized around the key political and policy arenas associated with disability rights. This includes examination of the sustainability of public support for the ADA and the regulatory mandates that it contains, enforcement of ADA protections in the important context of public and private sector employment, and compliance activity in the state and local public sectors as well as the private sector service industry.
Using Many Machines to Handle an Enormous Error-Correcting Code

We investigate the problem of using many machines to represent, encode and decode an error-correcting code with an extremely large block length. Standard algorithms for encoding and decoding run into problems when scaled to a block length that does not allow random access to the data. We apply the massive computing infrastructure at Google together with the MapReduce programming abstraction to encode and decode a Tornado code over the erasure channel.
SOI-based monolithic integration of SiON and Si planar optical circuits

In recent years there has been a growing interest in using Silicon on Insulator (SOI) as a platform for integrated planar optical circuits, this is mainly due to the high quality yield volume processes demonstrated by the CMOS manufacturing industry and recent MEMS technology progress. In this work we present monolithic integration of Silicon and SiON planar lightwave circuits on a single SOI chip processed in a CMOS fabrication environment. The demonstration of a processing scheme that yields low loss waveguides for both silicon and SiON as well as efficient transition of light between the two materials is the goal of this present work. The patterning of waveguides in both silicon and SiON regions is done in a self aligned process using one lithography mask and two separate dry etch steps each highly selective to one of the two materials. The effect of a high temperature anneal on the IR absorption of SiON related N-H bond was measured using FTIR and waveguide optical loss. Up to 98% reduction in absorption is demonstrated which allows acceptable loss across the C-band. We have achieved low propagation loss, single mode, and rib waveguides for both Silicon and SiON core regions as well as low loss silicon-SiON waveguides junction. The silicon-SiON junction loss has been measured to be 0.9+/-0.1dB, only 0.3dB greater than the theoretical value determined by Fresnel's facet reflection.
Analysis of density-fractionated rat red blood cells of different ages by partitioning in two-polymer aqueous phase systems

Abstract Rats were injected with radioactive iron and bled at different times thereafter. This gave rise to cell populations in which the bulk of labeled cells corresponded in age to the time elapsed between injection and bleeding. Such cell populations were centrifuged and the 7–10% least dense and the 7–10% most dense cells subjected to counter-current distribution in a charge-sensitive two-polymer aqueous phase system which fractionates cells on the basis of surface properties. While it is known that there is a tendency for cell density to increase with cell age and that rat red cells of different ages have characteristic partition ratios, we were able, by applying partitioning analysis to density-separated cells, to gather data not obtainable by use of either method alone. These include: (1) the demonstration of two very young cell populations having different surface properties in the most dense fraction; (2) the finding that in the least dense layer labeled mature erythrocytes (at least those labeled 18 days and beyond) and unlabeled red cells have overlapping distribution curves which indicate that the label in the top fraction can represent young or early middle-aged but never old cells; and (3) the presence, as judged by surface properties, of some middled-aged red cells, in addition to old cells, in the most dense cell layer.
Modulation of alkaline phosphatases in LoVo, a human colon carcinoma cell line.

Abstract LoVo, a continuous cell line derived from a human colon carcinoma produces two alkaline phosphatases: the heat-labile, l -homoarginine-insensitive, intestinal form, characteristic of its tissue of origin and the heat-stable, term-placental form, ectopically produced by a variety of tumors. Under basal conditions the activity levels of both enzymes are similar. Hyperosmolality and sodium butyrate induce increased levels of activity of the two alkaline phosphatases in a disparate fashion; whereas hyperosmolality augments the activity of both to the same extent, the effect of butyrate is more pronounced on the activity of the intestinal enzyme. When the two inducers are combined, induction of term-placental alkaline phosphatase is additive and that of the intestinal enzyme is synergistic. The effect of hyperosmolality is blocked by cycloheximide, and induction by sodium butyrate is inhibited by thymidine, cordycepin and cycloheximide. The known alkaline phosphatase inducer, prednisolone, has no effect on the enzymes of LoVo cells. Our results suggest that in these tumor cells the activity levels of the closely homologous term-placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatases appear to be independently controlled.
Catchability of Larval and Juvenile Northern Pike in Quatrefoil Light Traps

Abstract New approaches are needed for sampling northern pike Esox lucius in the complex habitats they use as nursery areas. We evaluated the potential of Quatrefoil light traps to measure differences in density of larval and juvenile northern pike, and we monitored changes in capture probability as the fish grew in size and their swimming capabilities improved. In hatchery raceways, light traps were effective for collecting northern pike at densities that seemed most realistic relative to natural nursery habitat (4–20 fish/m2 surface area). Light-trap catch rates differentiated among different densities in raceways, but efficiency decreased as density increased. Light traps effectively caught all sizes of fish, ranging from the stage when larvae first became active (12–13 mm total length [TL]) until the fish became too large to fit through the trap entrance (>66 mm TL). We also tried to apply the technique for sampling managed wetlands that simulated a more natural environment than the raceways. Light-tr...
Recent trends and open issues in reverse engineering

This paper discusses recent trends in the field of reverse engineering, particularly those highlighted at the Second Working Conference on Reverse Engineering, held in July 1995. The trends observed include increased orientation toward tasks, grounding in complex real-world applications, guidance from empirical study, analysis of non-code sources, and increased formalization. The paper also summarizes open research issues and provides pointers to future events and sources of information in this area.
Melaleuca Oil Poisoning

A 23-month-old boy became confused and was unable to walk thirty minutes after ingesting less than 10 mL of T36-C7, a commercial product containing 100% melaleuca oil. The child was referred to a nearby hospital. His condition improved and he was asymptomatic within 5 hours of ingestion. He was discharged to home the following day. Melaleuca oil, extracted from the Melaleuca alternifolia, contains 50-60% terpenes and related alcohols. Clinical experience with products containing melaleuca oil is limited. This case report suggests that ingestion of a modest amount of a concentrated form of this oil may produce signs of toxicity.
Schizophrenia: A Review for Family Counselors:

Management of schizophrenia presents a challenge to family counselors and families. Marriage and family counselors can play important roles for both the person with schizophrenia and his or her fam...
Adolescent Risk-Taking: Integrating Personal, Cognitive, and Social Aspects of Judgment.

Developmental research has examined individual differences, cognitive developmental bases, and psychosocial factors of adolescent risk-taking. The current paper presents a general adolescent risk-taking model that adopts aspects of each of these primarily independent areas. This model is based on the premise that adolescents take risks when (a) they are given the opportunity to take risks (a social component), (b) they perceive the benefits of the risks (a cognitive component), and (c) they have the propensity to take risks (a personal trait component). A self-report instrument was designed to assess the viability of this model. The results from two mid-late adolescent samples, explored with a variety of statistical techniques, showed that risk-taking was predicted by opportunities, outcome perception, and several of the proposed propensities. In addition, however, the analyses suggest that the actual role of certain propensity factors may have been obscured in prior studies.
Abnormal spirometry after the Fontan procedure is common and associated with impaired aerobic capacity.

Impaired exercise capacity is common after the Fontan procedure and is attributed to cardiovascular limits. The Fontan circulation, however, is also distinctively vulnerable to unfavorable lung mec...
Factors affectingin vitro establishment and shoot proliferation ofRosa hybrida L. andRosa Chinensis minima

The effects of nodal explants collected at different plastochrones, use of various benzyladenine (BA) concentrations, sources of carbohydrates, and phases of the culture medium on shoot establishment and proliferation ofRosa hybrida L. andR. chinensis minima were evaluated. Higher numbers of shoots per explant were obtained fromR. hybrida cv. Carefree Beauty explants proximal to the apical meristem than those from distal nodes. However, proliferating shoots derived from plastochrones proximal to the apical meristem had a lower number of leaves/explant and were shorter than those derived from other distal plastochrones. Although shoot proliferation increased with higher BA concentration in the medium, a concentration of 4.4 μM BA was found optimum for axillary bud-break and shoot development forR. hybrida cvs. Adelaide Hoodless and Cuthert Grant. A higher shoot proliferation rate was observed forR. hybrida cv. Carefree Beauty explants grown on a medium containing 55.5 mM fructose than 58.4 mM sucrose. However, no differences were observed forR. hybrida cv. Cuthert Grant grown on a medium containing either fructose or sucrose. The mean number of shoots/explant was higher forR. chinensis minima cv. Red Sunblaze explants grown on a liquid (4.5) than on a solid medium (1.7) for the first reculture; while no significant differences between the two phases of the medium were observed for the second reculture. However, a higher mean number of shoots/explant was observed on solid-phase (4.0) than liquid-phase medium (3.4) for the third reculture. A higher mean number of leaves/shoot was obtained on a solidified medium rather than liquid medium in the first two consecutive recultures, while no differences were observed for the third reculture. Although a significant effect of BA concentration on mean number of shoots/explant was observed for Red Sunblaze nodal explants, the influence of BA concentration decreased in the two consecutive cultures for both phases of the medium. Hyperhydricity was observed on Red Sunblaze shoots grown on the liquid-phase medium.
Glucocorticoid Receptors of Normal Human Epidermis

Epidermal cytosol of adult humans can bind dexamethasone, and this binding resembles that by glucocorticoid receptors of other tissues as judged by 4 criteria: affinity of binding, specificity of binding, molecular size of receptor-steroid complexes, and ability of these complexes to bind to nuclei. For demonstration of these receptors, epidermis can be separated by trypsinization but only after preliminary incubation of the skin with molybdate ion, which prevents inactivation of receptors when heated to 22°C. The presence of these receptors suggest that glucocorticoids may act directly on the epidermis. Five glucocorticoids that are used topically all displaced 3 H-dexamethasone from the receptor in vitro but the affinity of this binding correlates imperfectly with the potency of the steroids when used in vivo .
Static and dynamic properties of random-field systems.

Time-persistent properties of weak random-field systems are considered. Onset of irreversibility occurs [at ${T}_{D}$(H)\ensuremath{\gtrsim}${T}_{c}$(H)] as the correlation length \ensuremath{\xi} reaches the very large scale of ${L}_{D}$(H)\ensuremath{\simeq}(${T}^{2}$/${H}^{2}$${)}^{1/\ensuremath{\zeta}}$, where \ensuremath{\zeta}1 is a nonuniversal effective exponent. The disconnected correlations, susceptibility and static structure factor in the regime Tg${T}_{D}$(H) are investigated based on a gradual freezing of the domains. At low temperatures [T${T}_{c}$(H)], the effect of untypical configurations on the mobility of the interfaces is accounted for and may explain why the size of the field-cooled domains do not expand substantially beyond ${L}_{D}$(H).
Modification of Mouse Liver Alcohol and Aldehyde-Dehydrogenase by Chlorpromazine

ABSTRACTThe in vivo and in vitro effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on female mouse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (L-ADH) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (L-ALDH) was studied as a function of illumination conditions. Chlorpromazine was injected once daily in a gradual dose build-up from 5 to 30 mg/kg, i.p., over 21 consecutive days. This resulted in a noncompetitive inhibition of endogenous L-ALDH of mice housed under UV light exposure but not those maintained under standard laboratory fluorescent lighting and receiving identical CPZ treatment. No changes occurred in L-ADH in vivo but a noncompetitive inhibition of mouse L-ADH was determined in the presence of 50 μMol of CPZ in vitro. The results are discussed in reference to possible toxic mechanism underlying CPZ and ethanol interaction.
Proximal Effects of Two and Four Hour Naps Within Extended Performance Without Sleep

Subjects performed on a battery of tests for 3 days and nights with minimal or no sleep. Three nap schedules were investigated: 2 hrs from 0800-1000 following Nights 1 and 2 (morning naps); 2 hrs from 2200–2400 prior to Nights 2 and 3 (evening naps): 4 hrs from 2000–2400 prior to Night 2. There was n no-nap control group. Measures from a 30-min addition task and subjective measures of sleepiness were analyzed. The measures used were from approximately 2 hrs before and 2 hrs after the experimental conditions. The data show an ameliorative proximal effect of naps through at least the second night.
Pharmacodynamic evaluation of temsirolimus in patients with newly diagnosed advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in surgical margins of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a predictor of recurrence and patients with minimal residual disease may benefit from adjuvant therapy with temsirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. Methods: The effects of 3 weekly doses of 25 mg of temsirolimus on Akt/mTOR pathway biomarkers were evaluated in tumor and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with HNSCC. Adverse events were assessed. Results: Temsirolimus significantly decreased pS6 and p4E-BP1 in tumors, and pS6 and pAkt in PBMCs (p < .05). There was no significant upregulation of pAkt(Ser473) in tumor tissue. Side effects were minimal and reversible. Conclusion: Significant inhibition of the mTOR pathway was noted in both tumors and PBMCs of HNSCC with minimal side effects. The mTOR inhibitors can potentially be used as adjuvant therapy for patients with minimal residual disease and PBMCs are potential surrogate markers in this setting. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Balloon observations of the radiance of the earth between 2100 cm(-1) and 2700 cm(-1).

A grating spectrometer capable of measuring small radiation fluxes with a spectral resolution of 95 at 4.3 μ is described. Bands of CO2, N2O, and O3 are identified in spectra between 2100 cm−1 and 2700 cm−1 of the earth and lower atmosphere obtained from an altitude of 30 km with this instrument. Scattering of solar radiation by clouds was observed between 2400 cm−1 and 2700 cm−1. A temperature profile of the atmosphere to 30 km determined from an analysis of the measurements in the region of the 4.3 μ CO2 band is compared with radiosonde observations made during the flight.
Individual needs as correlates of satisfaction and involvement with a modified Scanlon Plan company

Abstract This investigation examined individual need strengths as they relate to job satisfaction and job involvement with a company using a modified Scanlon Plan. Participants in the study were 78 production workers. The company utilized a unique management system which stressed employee participation, semi-autonomous work teams, individual pay incentives, and a plant-wide bonus system based on yearly profits. The study focused on four of H. A. Murray's ( Explorations in personality , New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1938 ) original needs: n Ach, n Aff, n Aut, and n Dom. Satisfaction and involvement were positively related to n Ach and n Dom, but negatively related to n Aut. Results pertaining to the n Aff scale could not be interpreted due to a low degree of internal consistency. Issues related to the internal consistency of the Manifest Needs Questionnaire ( R. M. Steers & D. N. Braunstein, Journal of Vocational Behavior , 1976 , 9 , 251–266) are discussed along with the potential role of individual differences in understanding employee reactions to the Scanlon Plan process.
PARSONS VERSUS MARX: “An earnest warning…”*

Parsons's analysis of Marx and its conclusion that Marx was a utilitarian are criticized. I endeavor to demonstrate that Marx succeeded in avoiding the pitfalls of both idealism and positivism and that he must be viewed as the founder of the voluntaristic theory of social action. In addition, I contend that this categorization makes a difference; if we incorporate Marx into action theory, build action theory on a Marxian foundation, certain problems within Parsons's work can be resolved. I illustrate this contention in a discussion of the relationship between structural and functional theory. “An earnest warning is given against… premature claims to finality. The author has been more or less intensively concerned with the major works of the men treated in this study over periods ranging from six to ten years. After considerable periods of occupation in other fields, he has come back to intensive reconsideration of their works. Every time this reconsideration brought to light fundamentally important things about them which had been missed before. The most important points, for the purposes of this study, were not understood at the first reading, but generally only after repeated consideration.” (Parsons, 1948:40)
Lagrangian formalism for vibrations in some damped continuous systems

While dissipative effects in discrete and continuous mechanical systems have usually been treated, in the Lagrangian formalism, via the introduction of either the Rayleigh dissipative function or fictitious co-ordinates and fields, subsequent work has shown that certain discrete-mass, damped systems can be treated entirely within Lagrangian dynamics. Here this method is extended to vibrations in some linearly-damped continuous systems, including transverse waves on a string, longitudinal vibrations in a rod, and to damped acoustic waves in a viscous fluid in narrow channels.
Confinement versus open range for Bronze turkey breeders.

Abstract TO OBSERVE the effects of confinement of turkey breeders under the stimulus of artificial lighting, two groups of Bronze turkeys were selected on December 17, 1936, and cared for, one in complete confinement and the other on open range. Both groups were made as identical as possible. Group one (confined) consisted of 24 pullets, 6 hens, and 1 tom. Group two (range) consisted of 22 pullets, 7 hens, and 1 tom. Several toms were available for use during the breeding season. These were alternated twice weekly allowing but one torn per group at any one time. All birds were fed the New England Turkey Breeder ration with the addition of condensed buttermilk and moist mash. The confined group received these supplements beginning on the third week, whereas the range group received their first feedings of these supplements on the twelfth week. Due to the extreme weather conditions it was inadvisable . . .
Sensitivity to the non‐COX inhibiting celecoxib derivative, OSU03012, is p21WAF1/CIP1 dependent

OSU03012 is a non-COX inhibiting celecoxib derivative with growth inhibiting and apoptotic activity in many cancer cell lines. To investigate mechanisms related to cell cycle proteins in growth inhibition and apoptosis induced by OSU03012, the primary human oral epithelial cell line, TE1177, was transformed with HPV16 E6 (TE/E6), HPV16 E7 (TE/E7) or empty vector (TE/V). TE/E6 cell lines exhibiting low levels of p53 and undetectable levels of p21(WAF1/CIP1) were sensitized to the growth inhibiting and apoptotic effects of OSU03012. The TE/E7 cell lines expressing low levels of Rb and elevated levels of p53 and p21(WAF1/CIP1) were resistant. OSU03012 reduced the number of cells in the S phase of the TE/E7 and TE/V cell lines with intact p53-p21(WAF1/CIP1) checkpoint, but not in the checkpoint defective TE/E6 cell lines. Treatment with OSU03012 also markedly reduced the levels of cyclin A and Cdk2 in TE/E7 and TE/V, but not in TE/E6 cell lines, which had significantly enhanced basal levels of cyclin A and Cdk2. Consistent with the TE/E6 cell line, p21(WAF1/CIP1)-/- mouse embryo fibroblasts were more sensitive to OSU03012-induced apoptosis as evidenced by PARP and caspase 3 cleavages. These data suggest that p21(WAF1/CIP1) is an important factor in the sensitivity of cells to the growth inhibiting and apoptotic effects of OSU03012.
The effects of test disclosure on equated scores and pass rates

This paper examines the effects of test item disclo sure on resulting examinee equated scores and popula tion passing rates. The equating model studied was the common-item nonequivalent-populations design under Tucker linear equating procedures. The research in volved simulating disclosure by placing correct an swers of "disclosed" items into response vectors of selected examinees. The degree of exposure the dis closed items received in the population was manipu lated by varying the number of items disclosed and the number of examinee records receiving the correct an swers. Other factors considered among the 10 experi mental conditions included the characteristics of the disclosed items (difficulty of disclosed items and whether they were anchor or nonanchor test items) and the ability level of the subgroup receiving the dis closed items. Results suggest that effects of disclosure depend on the nature of the released items. Specific effects of disclosure on particular examinees are also discussed.
A comparison of the evaluation and treatment of cervical dysplasia by gynecologists and nurse practitioners.

ABSTRACTCervical dysplasia, a precursor to cervical cancer, affects approximately 6% to 10% of women in the United States. Although cervical dysplasia traditionally is diagnosed and treated by gynecologists, nurse practitioners with special education and expertise in the evaluation and treatment of
Quantum Poincaré covariance of the two-dimensional string

We show that the free massive quantum string in two space-time dimensions is Poincar\'e covariant. This is true for both lightlike and timelike gauge choices. When the massless limit is taken, the massless string is also seen to be Poincar\'e covariant. The set of classical string variables which is chosen to define the quantum theory drastically affects the proof of Poincar\'e covariance and also the mass spectrum. We therefore suggest that other dynamical systems may exhibit similar phenomena.
A diet, physical activity, and stress reduction intervention in men with rising prostate-specific antigen after treatment for prostate cancer

Abstract Background : Nearly 35% of men treated for prostate cancer (PrCA) will experience biochemically defined recurrence, noted by a rise in PSA, within 10 years of definitive therapy. Diet, physical activity, and stress reduction may affect tumor promotion and disease progression. Methods : A randomized trial of an intensive diet, physical activity, and meditation intervention was conducted in men with rising post-treatment PSA after definitive treatment for PrCA. Intention-to-treat methods were used to compare usual care to the intervention in 47 men with complete data. Signal detection methods were used to identify dietary factors associated with PSA change. Results : The intervention and control groups did not differ statistically on any demographic or disease-related factor. Although the intervention group experienced decreases of 39% in intakes of saturated fatty acid (SFA as percent of total calories) ( p p Conclusion : Results are discussed in the context of conventional treatment strategies that were more aggressive when this study was being conducted in the mid-2000s. Positive health changes in a number of lifestyle parameters were observed with the intervention, and both increased fruit and reduced saturated fat intakes were associated with maintaining PSA levels in men with biochemically recurrent disease.
Reduction of coherent scattering noise with multiple receiver Doppler.

Abstract Doppler ultrasound (US) velocity estimates are inherently subject to error as a result of both Doppler ambiguity and coherent scattering. The coherent scattering error is a result of changes in the phase of the returned echo as particles enter and leave the sample volume. This phase depends on the distance from the transmitter to the scatterer and then to the receiver. This distance, in turn, depends on the angle of the receiver. A numerical simulation has been used to determine whether velocity estimates obtained from receiver probes at different angles are independent of one another. If so, then it is possible to obtain an improved velocity estimate from the combination of several receivers at different angles. The simulation results show that the cross-correlation between velocity estimates is reduced to 0.3 when receiver probes are oriented 5° apart. These results suggest a new Doppler method that can significantly reduce velocity estimation error. (E-mail: sajones@coes.latech.edu)
Hemispheric asymmetries in memory processes as measured in a false recognition paradigm.

Although memory differs in important ways between the left and right cerebral hemispheres, the nature of these differences remains controversial. We examined this issue in two experiments using a false memory paradigm that allowed novel tests of two theories that have not been assessed in a common paradigm previously. Lists of semantically related words (e.g., bed, rest, wake...), all highly associated to one "critical" word (e.g., sleep), were presented auditorily during a study phase. Memory for both the related words and the critical words was measured in a subsequent old/new recognition test using divided-visual-field word presentations. The most important results were that the ability to correctly reject previously unpresented words was greater when test items were presented to the right visual field/left hemisphere (RVF/LH) than to the left visual field/right hemisphere (LVF/RH) and that participants were more confident in correctly rejecting unpresented words when test items were presented to the RVF/LH than to the LVF/RH. Results were in line with the theory that associative activation of semantic information is restricted in the left hemisphere but diffuse in the right; however, these results contrasted with the theory that memory traces are interpretive in the left hemisphere but veridical in the right. A potential resolution to the seemingly contradictory theories of asymmetries in memory processing is briefly discussed.
Inverse scattering of homogeneous dielectric cylinders using genetic programming

Inverse scattering is an important application that can be used to test geometry optimization methods. Indeed, inverse scattering can be conceived as a proxy for design, since an object is sought that scatters waves in a prescribed fashion. The method presented here for homogenous dielectric inverse scattering used genetic programming in the inverse scattering computation of conducting cylinders. To solve dielectric inverse scattering, material parameters must be optimized. This work considers nonmagnetic dielectric materials so materials are represented with a single complex number. Because dielectric inverse scattering is much more demanding than reconstructing conducting cylinders, only convex scatterers are treated here.
ADoc-oriented programming

We present a new programming model targeted at collaborative business process integration applications. This model is based on object-oriented technology, but elevates the programming model to cover a new breed of business applications that are currently evolving. These applications are differentiated by their strong emphasis on "collaborations" in which a set of "collaborators" works together to attain business objectives, and on integration where new functionality is derived by integrating legacy systems with new components and applications. We propose two new modeling artifacts, ADoc (adaptive document) and collaboration, to model this class of applications. We present an in depth analysis of this programming model. We conclude by discussing our experience of using this model in real world applications.
Synthesis of 2,5‐Diformylfuran and Furan‐2,5‐Dicarboxylic Acid by Catalytic Air‐Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural. Unexpectedly Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol to Benzaldehyde with Metal=Bromide Catalysts

The alcohol group of hydroxymethylfurfural (compound 1, HMF) is preferentially oxidized by dioxygen and metal/bromide catalysts [Co/Mn/Br, Co/Mn/Zr/Br; Co/Mn=Br/(Co+Mn) = 1.0 mol/mol] to form the dialdehyde, 2,5-diformylfuran (compound 2, DFF) in 57% isolated yield. HMF can be also oxidized, via a network of identified intermediates, to the highly insoluble 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (compound 5, FDA) in 60% yield. For comparison, benzyl alcohol gives benzaldehyde in 80% using the same catalyst system. Over-oxidation (to CO2) of HMF is much higher than that of the benzyl alcohol but can be greatly reduced by increasing catalyst concentration.
Spectral Effects of LED Forward Lighting: Visibility and Glare

Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are considered for vehicle headlamps.The spectral power distribution of LEDs is discussed, especially the their effect on drivers' comfort and target detection. Research is described that sheds some light on the issues of glare and visibility in night driving, as related to LEDs.