cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
SpBase: the sea urchin genome database and web site

SpBase is a system of databases focused on the genomic information from sea urchins and related echinoderms. It is exposed to the public through a web site served with open source software (http://spbase.org/). The enterprise was undertaken to provide an easily used collection of information to directly support experimental work on these useful research models in cell and developmental biology. The information served from the databases emerges from the draft genomic sequence of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and includes sequence data and genomic resource descriptions for other members of the echinoderm clade which in total span 540 million years of evolutionary time. This version of the system contains two assemblies of the purple sea urchin genome, associated expressed sequences, gene annotations and accessory resources. Search mechanisms for the sequences and the gene annotations are provided. Because the system is maintained along with the Sea Urchin Genome resource, a database of sequenced clones is also provided.
The Biological Behavior of Autologous Collagen Injected into the Rabbit Bladder

AbstractGrowing interest in the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux and urinary incontinence has led to the development of safe reliable techniques that use an injectable bulking agent. A variety of injectable materials has been studied, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, fat and bovine collagen. We evaluated autologous collagen extracted from the dermis of skin for potential use in the urinary tract. Therefore, an animal model was developed to study the biological behavior of autologous collagen within the bladder. Collagen was extracted from the skin of rabbits and radiolabeled with 125iodine. An aliquot of radiolabeled autologous collagen was injected submucosally in the bladder. The animals were monitored weekly under a gamma camera. The decay of the radiolabeled collagen was recorded during 50 days. The animals were then sacrificed and the bladder wall at the site of injection was studied histologically and on electron microscopy. Decay of the injected collagen within the urinary tract was si...
Note-Taking and Memory in Different Media Environments

Through this study the authors investigated undergraduate students’ memory recall in three media environments with three note-taking options, following an A x B design with nine experiments. The three environments included no-distraction, auditory-distraction, and auditory–visual-distraction; while the three note-taking options included no-note-taking, taking-notes-on-paper, and taking-notes-on-computer. The results of word recalls from 21 participants showed significant interactions between media environments and note-taking options. In the no-distraction environment, the participants had better word recall taking notes on paper than taking notes on computer or not taking notes. However, in the auditory–visual-distraction environment, the participants had better word recall with no note taking than taking notes on computer or taking notes on paper. The participants’ comments provided insights for implications for learning in different media environments.
Bad Touches, Getting Away, and Never Keeping Secrets Assessing Student Knowledge Retention of the “Red Flag Green Flag People” Program

School-based prevention programs that target sexual abuse are commonplace in many elementary schools across the United States. This study examines the efficacy of the “Red Flag Green Flag People” program presented to elementary school children in two school districts in the Midwest. A brief, 11-question survey is given to students to assess knowledge retention of the curriculum from this sexual abuse prevention program. The results of this study indicate that students are retaining information taught in the Red Flag Green Flag People program for up to 2 years after the program was administered.
Optimization of multilayer antireflection coating for photovoltaic applications

Abstract Multilayer antireflection coating (ARC) for photovoltaics is optimized using Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. A general transfer-matrix based mathematical formulation is used for evaluating reflection spectra of the system. Exact and complete values of refractive indices are used in the analysis to provide higher accuracy of the results. The proposed optimization method takes into account the solar irradiance spectra, absorption characteristics of semiconductors and angle of incidence to maximize efficiency. This method is found to reduce the average reflectance for a wide range of angles of incidence. The proposed method is used to design ARC for silicon solar cell and a multi-junction AlGaAs/GaAs/Ge solar cell. Finally, comparative analysis of different ARC designs is provided in terms of corresponding solar cell characteristics.
Measuring value and return on investment of academic libraries

The value of an academic library to its parent institution is difficult, but important, to measure. Many different methods have been used to measure value, including return on investment (ROI), contingent valuation, and other explicit and implicit measures. In a recent study we looked at the value and ROI of the library e-journal collections in the grants process in eight universities in eight countries.The results show that library-provided access to scholarly journals supports faculty productivity and that faculty members value and use electronic resources to support their research, grant and publishing activities.
Neuroendocrinology and Brain Peptides An Emerging New Frontier in Neurobiology

This chapter will describe recent advances in the field of neuroendocrinology and brain peptides. First, principles of neurosecretion, including the processes of peptide hormone biosynthesis, are considered. Then, two examples of hy-pothalamic-pituitary regulatory systems, those for prolactin and ACTH, are examined because they illustrate principles of neuroendocrine control. Last, the emerging field of brain peptides is reviewed. It is apparent that peptide substances, which include the hormones of the hypothalamus and pituitary, are of great importance for an understanding of brain function.
ANALYSIS OF SHARP SUPERCONVERGENCE OF LOCAL DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN METHOD FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL LINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATIONS *

In this paper, we study the superconvergence of the error for the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) finite element method for one-dimensional linear parabolic equations when the alternating flux is used. We prove that if we apply piecewise k-th degree polynomials, the error between the LDG solution and the exact solution is (k+2)-th order superconvergent at the Radau points with suitable initial discretization. Moreover, we also prove the LDG solution is (k + 2)-th order superconvergent for the error to a particular projection of the exact solution. Even though we only consider periodic boundary condition, this boundary condition is not essential, since we do not use Fourier analysis. Our analysis is valid for arbitrary regular meshes and for P k polynomials with arbitrary k � 1. We perform numerical experiments to demonstrate that the superconvergence rates proved in this paper are sharp.
Reusable Modular Software Interfaces for Outdoor Augmented Reality Applications in Engineering

An Augmented Reality (AR) application is essentially a platform that integrates the selected hardware components via their corresponding software interfaces. In the context of this research, a software interface is a piece of code implemented to establish communication channels between a hardware device and the AR application platform. The implementation of such an interface for each piece of hardware in an AR application requires a significant amount of time and coding effort. In all engineering and scientific applications of AR developed thus far, although they largely integrate and communicate with the same set of hardware components, the effort invested in implementing the required software interfaces has been repeatedly duplicated. The objective of the presented research has been to remedy this situation by designing and implementing an extensible software framework that allows application developers to communicate with typical AR hardware components. This paper describes the design of a software interface that enables generic communication with peripheral positioning and orientation devices that are typical components in all scientific and engineering AR applications.
A Note on the Methodological Comments

The article presents a response from Kae H. Chung to a comment from Dr. Goronzy about an earlier article by the author titled “Developing A Comprehensive Model of Motivation and Performance” in the...
Spatial Structure and Intraspecific Interactions in Notonecta Populations

The densities of Notonecta lunata and N. undulata (Hemiptera: Notonectidae) populations decreased with water depth in the ponds studied. In four of five ponds, all age classes had similar distributions in relation to water depth. In one pond containing a breeding population of N. undulata , the earlier instars were confined to shallow areas less than 10cm deep, whereas adults and instar V nymphs were most numerous in water 11 to 40 cm deep. The restricted distribution of young juveniles in this pond is attributed to cannibalism by adults and older nymphs. In the laboratory when adult N. undulata were excluded, instar I and II nymphs dispersed randomly over a depth gradient from 2 to 42 cm deep. However. when adults were present, a large percentage of the nymphs were cannibalized. Most of the cannibalized nymphs were found in the deeper end of the gradient. Similar experiments with N. lunata provided little evidence of cannibalism or other interaction between adults and early-instar nymphs.
Using the ICF’s environmental factors framework to develop an item bank measuring built and natural environmental features affecting persons with disabilities

Objectives To develop a measure of natural environment and human-made change features (Chapter 2 of the international classification of functioning, disability, and health) and evaluate the influence of perceived barriers on health-related quality of life.
Noninvasive Localization of Urinary Tract Infection: Clinical Investigations and Experience

AbstractPreviously we evaluated new methods to localize the source of bacteriuria in monkeys with experimental urinary tract infection. A high level of diagnostic accuracy was obtained with studies of antibody coating of urinary bacteria by immunofluorescence, 131iodine hippuran quantitative scintillation camera studies with the patient in the hydropenic state and 67gallium citrate scintiphotos. We identified unique patterns that differentiated cystitis, ureteritis, pyelonephritis and renal or perinephric abscess.Herein we review our clinical experience with these combined techniques in 40 patients and correlate the degree of accuracy of these studies with that of standard radiographic examinations. In 20 patients diagnostic studies also were compared to the findings of split ureteral urine cultures or bacteriologic culture of renal tissue obtained from surgical specimens or autopsy. The use of the quantitative scintillation camera studies done with the patient in a state of controlled hydropenia increase...
Large Caliber Urethral False Passage After Catheterization: A Case Report

Abstract We report a case of a large false passage in the penile urethra, masquerading as a severely strictured urethra. Successful surgical repair was accomplished using the optical urethrotome.
Historical Persecution Reaction Complex: Exploring a Link Between Racial Identity and Poor Leadership Outcomes

This original study examines the reluctance of oppressed populations to publicly criticize the recognized performance shortcomings of leaders who are members of their identity group. Using critical race theory (CRT), this article utilizes three case examples of Black American leadership that present evidence of what the authors identify as Historical Persecution Reaction Complex (HPRC). HPRC describes four elemental arguments reflecting an oppressed identity group’s attempt to protect itself from perceived further social marginalization, limit the exacerbation of oppression, and to preserve the identity group’s leadership gains in the larger society by supporting leadership despite recognized shortcomings in the leadership. Although asserting HPRC operates as a functional reaction to oppression by serving both as an act of cohesion and resistance to oppressive structures, the authors suggest that HPRC is paradoxically detrimental to oppressed identity groups due to maintaining substandard leadership.
Suppressing oncogenic transcription with a little healthy competition

Therapeutic strategies that stabilize wild-type MLL proteins have selective activity in MLL-rearranged leukemias.
Cardiomyocyte Ca 2+ homeostasis as a therapeutic target in heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure is a highly prevalent syndrome of multiple etiologies and associated comorbidities, and aberrant intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is a hallmark finding in heart failure patients. The cyclical changes in Ca2+ concentration within cardiomyocytes control cycles of cardiac contraction and relaxation, and dysregulation of Ca2+ handling processes leads to systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction, and adverse remodeling. For this reason, greater understanding of Ca2+ handling mechanisms in heart failure is critical for selection of appropriate treatment strategies. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of altered Ca2+ handling in two subsets of heart failure, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and outline current and experimental treatments that target cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling processes.
Sport philosophy now: the culture of sports after the Lance Armstrong scandal

In this book, Matthew James McNees offers a philosophical critique of contemporary society through an analysis of the Lance Armstrong scandal. One of the primary questions of the book is whether or...
Distinct Mechanisms of Nuclease-Directed DNA-Structure-Induced Genetic Instability in Cancer Genomes

Summary Sequences with the capacity to adopt alternative DNA structures have been implicated in cancer etiology; however, the mechanisms are unclear. For example, H-DNA-forming sequences within oncogenes have been shown to stimulate genetic instability in mammals. Here, we report that H-DNA-forming sequences are enriched at translocation breakpoints in human cancer genomes, further implicating them in cancer etiology. H-DNA-induced mutations were suppressed in human cells deficient in the nucleotide excision repair nucleases, ERCC1-XPF and XPG, but were stimulated in cells deficient in FEN1, a replication-related endonuclease. Further, we found that these nucleases cleaved H-DNA conformations, and the interactions of modeled H-DNA with ERCC1-XPF, XPG, and FEN1 proteins were explored at the sub-molecular level. The results suggest mechanisms of genetic instability triggered by H-DNA through distinct structure-specific, cleavage-based replication-independent and replication-dependent pathways, providing critical evidence for a role of the DNA structure itself in the etiology of cancer and other human diseases.
Clozapine pharmacogenomics: a review of efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and agranulocytosis.

Purpose of review To examine recent literature regarding the pharmacogenomics of clozapine (CLZ) efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and agranulocytosis. Recent findings Several genetic loci (FKBP5, NR3C1, BDNF, NTRK2) along the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis have been investigated as targets for CLZ response. Homozygous FKBP5-rs1360780, homozygous NTRK2-rs1778929, and homozygous NTRK2-rs10465180 conferred significant risks for CLZ nonresponse - 2.11x risk [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22-3.64], 1.7x risk (95% CI 1.13-2.59), and 2.15x risk (95% CI 1.3-3.55), respectively. BDNF and NR3C1 had no significant associations with CLZ response. Candidate genes within neurotransmitter pathways continue to be explored including dopaminergic (DRD1-4, COMT) and glutamatergic pathways (GRIN2B, SLC1A2, SLC6A9, GRIA1, GAD1). Despite promising trending data, no significant associations between CLZ response and glutamatergic system variants have been found. Synergistic effect of catecholamine O-methyltransferase (COMT) Met and dopamine receptor-4 (DRD4) single 120 bp duplicate associated with improved CLZ response odds ratio (OR) 0.15 (95% CI 0.03-0.62) while COMT Val/Val confer a risk of CLZ nonresponse OR 4.34 (95% CI 0.98-23.9). Diagnostic performance testing continues through human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and other genetic loci but have yet to find statistically or clinically meaningful results. Summary Current landscape of pharmacogenomic research in CLZ continues to be limited by small sample sizes and low power. However, many promising candidate genes have been discovered and should be further investigated with larger cohorts.
The Application of High Pressure DSC to Catalytic Reduction Studies

The efficient reduction of aromatic nitro compounds for use in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals and numerous intermediates depends to a large extent on the activity of precious metal catalysts such as Platinum and Palladium. The measure of this activity dictates the ratio of catalyst to starting material and in turn the economics of the batch reduction process. Catalysts are presently evaluated by duplicating the reaction in a laboratory autoclave and measuring either the rate of hydrogen consumption or product yield per unit time. These reactions can be time consuming, expensive and hazardous.
Dynamic Material Flow Analysis-Based Life Cycle Optimization Framework and Application to Sustainable Design of Shale Gas Energy Systems

We propose a novel modeling framework integrating the dynamic material flow analysis (MFA) approach with life cycle optimization (LCO) methodology for sustainable design of energy systems. This dynamic MFA-based LCO framework provides high-fidelity modeling of complex material flow networks with recycling options, and it enables detailed accounting of time-dependent life cycle material flow profiles. The decisions regarding input, output, and stock of materials are seamlessly linked to their environmental impacts for rigorous quantification of environmental consequences. Moreover, by incorporating an additional dimension of resource sustainability, the proposed modeling framework facilitates the sustainable supply chain design and operations with a more comprehensive perspective. The resulting optimization problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear fractional program and solved by an efficient parametric algorithm. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed modeling framework and solution algori...
The Divine Hanswurst: Nietzsche on Laughter and Comedy

The purpose of this paper is to explore the philosophical significance of laughter and comedy in Nietzsche’s works. Although a few scholars have noted this dimension of Nietzsche’s project, these themes have yet to make their way into mainstream Nietzsche scholarship. Moreover, references to Nietzsche in current philosophical work on laughter, humor, and comedy are rare. By bringing attention to the important role that laughter and comedy play in Nietzsche’s later works, I implicitly advance the case that Nietzsche scholars should pay more attention to laughter and comedy and that Nietzsche should be discussed more frequently in contemporary work on the philosophy of laughter, humor, and comedy.
Abstract IA39: Explaining the obesity paradox in cancer: The role of muscle

Although overweight and obesity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), are reliably related to an increased risk of cancer, data on the relationship between BMI and cancer prognosis are inconsistent. An emerging literature suggests that the relationship between BMI and cancer survival is often U-shaped and that overweight, and in some cases mild obesity, may not increase risk and might even offer protection. This is termed the “obesity paradox” and has been demonstrated in patients with lymphoma, leukemia, colorectal, endometrial, thyroid, and renal cancers. Reasons provided to explain the obesity paradox in cancer include methodologic biases such as reverse causality, confounding, detection bias, or collider bias. Yet others posit that the association reflects true benefits of a higher BMI, including extra nutritional reserves, greater muscle mass, a lower likelihood of dose-limiting toxicity, and less aggressive tumors, each of which may be independently associated with better prognosis. We will present evidence of the obesity paradox in breast and colorectal cancer. We will also present data on the importance of adequate muscle reserves to optimal cancer outcomes and explain how muscle may explain the U-shaped relationship between BMI and survival in these cancers. We will show that BMI is not an accurate measure of either adiposity or muscle, especially among cancer survivors. We will illustrate that when BMI is used to measure body size, an obesity paradox can emerge because “overweight” patients often have higher levels of protective muscle but lack adiposity levels sufficient to increase their risk of mortality. Citation Format: Bette Caan. Explaining the obesity paradox in cancer: The role of muscle [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Tenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2017 Sep 25-28; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018;27(7 Suppl):Abstract nr IA39.
Clinical evaluation of the lightening effect of cytidine on hyperpigmented skin.

Background Melanocytes, which reside in the basal layer of the epidermis, produce the pigment melanin in cytoplasmic organelles known as melanosomes. Melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes which provide the color in our skin. Recently, Diwakar et al reported the crucial roles of protein glycosylation in both melanogenesis and melanosome transfer to keratinocytes, and each was inhibited by the nucleotide cytidine. Objective The main objective of this study was to determine the clinical effects of topical application of cytidine to the hyperpigmented regions of the face in a group of human volunteers. Methods A randomized, vehicle-controlled study was conducted for 12 weeks on healthy Korean female subjects. Cytidine was formulated into the lotion at concentrations of 2%, 3%, and 4% (w/w) and compared to the vehicle control formulation. The clinical outcomes were evaluated by performing visual assessment grading, measuring melanin index, skin brightness, and skin color parameters. In vitro skin penetration studies were conducted using Franz cell chambers for the 2% cytidine test formulation. Results The test group showed significant improvements in the visual assessment scores, melanin index, skin brightness, and skin color compared to the control group. Although significant dose-dependent improvements were seen in the clinical study, the in vitro Franz cell studies indicated that the clinical efficacy and potency of cytidine might be further enhanced by formulating a better topical delivery system, which will be the goal of our future studies. Conclusions This randomized, double-blind, 12-week clinical study successfully demonstrated the efficacy of cytidine on skin depigmentation in a dose-dependent manner.
Multidisciplinary treatment for stage IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Does institution matter?

7512 Background: It has been reported that survival is improved for early stage NSCLC when surgery is performed at high volume academic centers. However, the impact of institution has not been well...
Marked point processes in discrete time

We develop a general framework for stationary marked point processes in discrete time. We start with a careful analysis of the sample paths. Our initial representation is a sequence $$\{(t_j,k_j): j\in {\mathbb {Z}}\}$$ of times $$t_j\in {\mathbb {Z}}$$ and marks $$k_j\in {\mathbb {K}}$$ , with batch arrivals (i.e., $$t_j=t_{j+1}$$ ) allowed. We also define alternative interarrival time and sequence representations and show that the three different representations are topologically equivalent. Then, we develop discrete analogs of the familiar stationary stochastic constructs in continuous time: time-stationary and point-stationary random marked point processes, Palm distributions, inversion formulas and Campbell’s theorem with an application to the derivation of a periodic-stationary Little’s law. Along the way, we provide examples to illustrate interesting features of the discrete-time theory.
Changes in fermentation and animal performance during recovery from classical diet-induced milk fat depression using corn with differing rates of starch degradability.

ABSTRACT Diet-induced milk fat depression (MFD) is a multifactorial disorder that can be triggered by a variety of conditions. Feeding high amounts of starch and unsaturated fatty acids has been shown to reduce milk fat yield and composition, as well as alter ruminal biohydrogenation patterns. However, little is known about how starch degradability in the rumen influences recovery from diet-induced MFD and if production of milk fat–inhibiting isomers will persist following an episode of MFD. The objective of this study was to evaluate production performance and ruminal fermentation in cows recovering from MFD when corn with a low or high starch degradability is fed. Six ruminally fistulated Holstein cows were used in a crossover design with 2 periods. During each period, MFD was induced for 10 d by feeding a diet with low fiber, high starch, and high unsaturated fatty acid. The polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration of the diet during the induction phase was modified primarily through inclusion of soybean oil. Following induction, cows were switched to either a high degradable starch recovery diet (HDS) or a low degradable starch recovery diet (LDS) for 18 d. The 7-h starch degradability was 66.5% for LDS and 87.8% for HDS. Milk was collected every 3 d for component and fatty acid analysis. On d 0, 4, 7, 10, 16, 22, and 28 of each period, ruminal pH and rumen fluid were collected every 2 h. Milk fat yield and composition was reduced during MFD induction and progressively increased by day in both HDS and LDS during recovery. Dry matter intake was similar among treatments and increased steadily over time during recovery. Preformed fatty acids were greater for HDS-fed animals, and de novo fatty acid in milk fat was greater for LDS-fed animals. Milk trans-10 C18:1 tended to be greater for HDS, and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid was significantly greater for HDS. cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid was not affected by starch degradability during recovery. Total volatile fatty acids, butyrate, and valerate tended to differ or differed with recovery treatment, but ruminal pH and ammonia concentration were unaffected. The HDS diet responded similarly to the LDS diet during recovery with regard to milk fat percentage, but milk and fat yield tended to consistently be lower in HDS. When considering approaches to ameliorate diet-induced MFD, the degradability of the starch within rations should be evaluated. Although animal performance was similar, some trans fatty acid isomers were persistent in the milk through the recovery phase with HDS-fed animals, suggesting that milk fat synthesis might be potentially inhibited and biohydrogenation pathways modified in the rumen following an episode of MFD.
Cost barriers to asthma care by health insurance type among children with asthma.

Objective: Children with asthma have ongoing health care needs and health insurance is a vital part of their health care access. Health care coverage may be associated with various cost barriers to...
Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos

Cancer is the leading cause of death among Latinos, who have a unique demographic profile that departs from the US public health pattern. Latinos have a lower incidence than non-Latino whites for some common cancers such as breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate, yet they are disproportionately affected by some less common cancers, such as gall bladder and infection-related cancers of the liver, intrahepatic bile duct, stomach, and uterine cervix. In addition to increased incidence for some cancers, US Latinos experience other cancer disparities. For one, cancer is often diagnosed at a later stage in Latinos when the disease is more difficult to treat, perhaps the result of economic and cultural barriers to cancer care and lower use of prevention screening. Second, accurately characterizing Latino cancer risk is challenging, because Latinos are underrepresented in cancer registries, research, and clinical trials. Thus, these data do not reflect the proportion of Latinos in the US population. Compounding the problem is the fact that these data commonly consider Latinos as a single group when, in fact, Latinos are heterogeneous and may differ by genetic admixture, country of origin, nativity, degree of acculturation, and socioeconomic status—all factors that have been implicated in cancer risk. The conference, Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos, brought together cancer disparities researchers to discuss the latest research findings, identify knowledge gaps, and stimulate ideas for new research in cancer health disparities among Latinos. Conference topics covered the entire cancer continuum, including advances in risk assessment, primary prevention, screening, detection, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship.
Non-contact Vibration Monitoring of Rotating Wind Turbines Using a Semi-autonomous UAV

Abstract With the recent demands for more efficient clean renewable energy sources, wind turbines are designed that have large rotor blade diameters. These large-sized wind turbines need to be periodically monitored to prevent catastrophic failures. This paper aims to develop a practice for obtaining the vibration characteristics of wind turbine blades that can be eventually used for structural health monitoring of these structures. This monitoring technique needs to be robust and non-contact to prevent any interference with the operation of the wind turbine. In this work, a digital image correlation (DIC) system installed on a drone is used as a sensing technique to obtain the dynamic characteristics of rotating wind turbine blades. The DIC uses a stereo-camera system to record the deflections of the blades and provides non-contact measurements. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) enables on-site robust measurements. Furthermore, a dynamic stitching technique is used after DIC measurement to obtain vibration characteristics of the entire blade with high accuracy. The proposed health monitoring technique can be used by engineers for remote structural health monitoring of wind turbines during operation in both offshore and inland wind farms.
Colloidal interactions get patchy and directional

Biology is the master of self-assembly, and proteins are the proof. Relying on interactions specified by the sequence of amino acids, proteins are able to precisely assemble into a multitude of intricate configurations, each with a unique functionality dictated by its three-dimensional structure. At an abstract level, one can think about the sophistication of protein folding as arising from three main principles governing the interactions between assembling components: valency, directionality, and specificity. Valency, or patchiness, refers to the number and spatial distribution of interacting domains (Fig. 1 A ). When attractive patches are present, the number of ways two interacting components can be positioned relative to one another will be limited. Directionality refers to the tendency for building blocks to interact with an orientational dependence (Fig. 1 B ). For a highly directional interaction, the number of ways two components can be rotated relative to one another will be limited. Finally, specificity refers to the presence of chemical complementarity that facilitates a selective attachment between building blocks (Fig. 1 C ). For a component with a highly specific attractive interaction, the number of unique complementary partners that can be recognized will be limited. Each of these traits can be thought of as being orthogonal axes representing the types of interactions that can occur between assembling components. As each type of interaction becomes more well defined, the information content of the building block increases, and the number of plausible final states is decreased. Thus, the final assembled structure possesses a greater degree of programmed structural sophistication (1). Although biological systems have mastered these tools, it has long been the goal of chemists and physicists to instill artificial systems with similarly complex interactions so as to self-assemble advanced materials from the bottom up with limited human intervention (2). To date, researchers have been able to strongly instantiate one … [↵][1]1To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: mrj{at}rice.edu. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1
Finger Force Matching and Verbal Reports: Testing Predictions of the Iso-Perceptual Manifold Concept.

We used force matching and verbal reports of finger force to explore a prediction of the iso-perceptual manifold concept, which assumes that stable percepts are associated with a manifold in the af...
Percutaneous coronary intervention for delayed coronary obstruction due to endothelialization of self-expandable transcatheter heart valve: a case report.

Background Coronary obstruction is one of the serious complications associated with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Delayed coronary obstruction (DCO) is a rare manifestation of coronary obstruction. Case summary A 91-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis. She underwent TAVI with a self-expandable valve, without any complications. After 8 months, she was readmitted to our hospital for effort angina. Transthoracic echocardiogram and myocardial scintigraphy suggested left coronary artery ischaemia. Computed tomography revealed that the transcatheter heart valve (THV) frame was covered with a low-density mass that occluded the left coronary sinus (LCS). Transoesophageal echocardiogram showed a Doppler signal flowing from the non-coronary sinus to the LCS through the roundabout route between the aortic wall and the THV. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed for the roundabout route. Although intravascular ultrasound after the implantation of one drug-eluting stent showed the underexpansion of the stent, another stent deployment improved the expansion. After the procedure, her symptom improved. Discussion Reportedly, the mechanism of DCO occurring months or years after TAVI is thought to be thrombus formation or THV endothelialization. In our case, the low-density mass was considered to be endothelium which developed along the THV frame. Low sinotubular junction height and higher THV position could be the underlying mechanisms of DCO. Percutaneous coronary intervention is a possible treatment option for DCO caused by THV endothelialization.
402. Spontaneous pneumothorax in COVID-19

Background: Pneumothorax has been reported with the use of positive pressure ventilation in COVID-19 pneumonia Literature on spontaneous pneumothorax (PTX) in COVID-19 patients is scant We present a case series of 7 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, who developed spontaneous pneumothorax without prior mechanical ventilation Methods: A retrospective chart review of 7 cases was performed from two different hospitals in the US between 4/6/2020-5/15/2020 Hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 by nasopharyngeal RT-PCR who developed spontaneous pneumothorax were included Collected data included demographics, co-morbidities, inflammatory biomarkers, chest imaging and management strategies Length of stay, transfer to intensive care unit and death were the assessed outcomes A descriptive analysis was done Results: There were 3 patients from Henry Ford Health System, Michigan and 4 patients from Silver Cross Hospital, Illinois Median age was 75 years and 6 out of 7 (85 7%) were males (Table 1) There were no co-morbidities associated with spontaneous pneumothorax except for one patient with COPD None of the patients' imaging prior to diagnosis of pneumothorax revealed any underlying blebs Median time from symptom onset to diagnosis of pneumothorax was 17 days One of the patients had tension pneumothorax, two had bilateral pneumothorax and three had pneumomediastinum (Figure 1) Four patients required chest tube placement, three required escalation to ICU, of which two died Conclusion: Spontaneous pneumothorax may be an unrecognized late complication of COVID-19 pneumonia In hospitalized patients with acute respiratory decompensation, spontaneous pneumothorax should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis Repeat chest imaging should be considered in these cases
Erythema Elevatum Diutinum

Erythema elevatum diutinum can be thought of as a rare presentation of chronic cutaneous vasculitis. Although the exact pathogenesis is unknown, it has been associated with a wide range of clinical illnesses including IgA monoclonal gammopathy, myelodysplastic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, streptococcal infection, and HIV. Lesions typically present as asymptomatic, red-brown papules and nodules symmetrically distributed with a predilection for skin overlying joints, buttocks, and the Achilles tendon. Dapsone is considered first-line treatment.
Seeing Is the Hardest Thing to See: Using Illusions to Teach Visual Perception.

This chapter describes three examples of using illusions to teach visual perception. The illusions present ways for students to change their perspective regarding how their eyes work and also offer opportunities to question assumptions regarding their approach to knowledge.
Historical Overview of Formative Evaluation of Instructional Media Products.

Though the term “formative evaluation” was coined only in 1967, formative evaluation activities, by different labels, have been going on for a long time. This article traces those activities—from study of World War I training films in the 1920s to detailed models and microcomputer technology currently employed.
Textbook of neuropathology

eurons and astrocytes the ependyma and choroid plexus oligodendrocytes and central nervous system myelin microglia the meninges and their reaction of injury choroid plexus, cerebrospinal fluid, hydrocephalus and cerebral oedema central nervous system herniation phenomenon congenital malformations of the nervous system perinatal neuropathology pathology of epilepsy metabolic disease exogenous toxic-metabolic diseases including vitamin deficiency nervous system manifestations of systemic disease demyelinating diseases circulatory disorders and their effects on the brain neurologic infections due to bacteria, fungi and parasites viral infections of the nervous system degenerative diseases of the nervous system cerebrospinal trauma peripheral nerve pathology.
Soybean seedling emergence and yield in the presence of Fusarium virguliforme

Early planting of soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] is critical to maximize yield in Iowa. Cold soil temperatures that occur with early planting result in prolonged germination and emergence, promoting infection by soilborne pathogens. Fusarium virguliforme is a soilborne pathogen associated with cool and wet soil conditions at planting and is the cause of soybean disease sudden death syndrome (SDS). Our objective was to determine the effect of planting depth and planting date on SDS disease severity and soybean yield. Field studies were conducted 2008 and 2009 at two locations in Iowa with a history of SDS. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a split-split plot arrangement with four replications. Whole plots were three planting dates, sub-plots were three planting depths, and sub-sub-plots were inoculated and non-inoculated plots. Overall, early planted soybean had the greatest SDS incidence and severity, but the disease did not affect yield in both 2008 and 2009. In 2009, however soybean planted early with F. virguliforme inoculum reduced yield by 1050 kg ha -1 compared to the non-inoculated plots with no differences in yield observed between inoculated and non-inoculated plots for the latter two planting dates. Sudden death syndrome disease incidence and severity was not influenced by planting depth. Results from this study indicate that planting depth and its relation to soil temperature may not be a critical factor for infection of F. virguliforme and subsequent SDS disease
The effects of an afterschool physical activity program on working memory in preadolescent children

The present study examined the effects of a 9-month randomized control physical activity intervention aimed at improving cardiorespiratory fitness on changes in working memory performance in preadolescent children relative to a waitlist control group. Participants performed a modified Sternberg task, which manipulated working memory demands based on encoding set sizes, while task performance and the contingent negative variation (CNV) event-related brain potential were measured. Analyses revealed that the physical activity intervention led to increases in cardiorespiratory fitness and improved Sternberg task performance. Further, the beneficial effects of the physical activity intervention were greater for a task condition requiring greater working memory demands. In addition, the intervention group exhibited larger initial CNV at the frontal electrode site, relative to the waitlist group at post-test; an effect not observed during the pre-test. These results indicate that increases in cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with improvements in the cognitive control of working memory in preadolescent children.
Characteristics of Excellence in Social Work Education

Abstract The author defines and explains a set of 14 characteristics of excellence to assist schools that wish to develop measures of excellence and to conduct an excellence assessment process. The characteristics of excellence were developed in focus group research used in undergraduate and graduate programs. Distinctive and practical aspects of excellence are explained in relation to educational organizations and the accreditation process, and serve as the philosophical distinctions that guided group efforts. Seven excellence characteristics relate to distinctive aspects of educational programs, and seven relate to the practical aspects of program functioning.
Epidermal growth factor binding and biologic effects on mouse pancreatic acini

We have examined the receptor binding of radio-iodinated murine epidermal growth factor and the effects of epidermal growth factor on both amylase release and incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein in isolated adult mouse pancreatic acini in primary culture. Binding of radioiodinated murine epidermal growth factor was specific, saturable, and reversible at 37 degrees C. Analysis of competitive inhibition plots was consistent with single class of receptors with a dissociation constant of 4.0 X 10(-10) M and a binding capacity of 40,000 sites per cell. The binding of epidermal growth factor by acini was accompanied by minimal degradation of the peptide present in the medium or of that associated with the cells. Epidermal growth factor increased the basal and cholecystokinin-octapeptide-stimulated release of amylase from cultured acini with half-maximal effects at 1.5 X 10(-10) M. This effect on amylase release required a relatively long exposure to epidermal growth factor, being half-maximal after 3 h and maximal after 10 h. Epidermal growth factor also increased the incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein with a half-maximal effect at 3.0 X 10(-10) M. This effect was half-maximal after 2.5 h and maximal in 8-10 h. These data, therefore, suggest that epidermal growth factor may have a physiologic role in regulating the exocrine pancreas.
Semicontinuous Automated Measurement of Organic Carbon in Atmospheric Aerosol Samples

A fully automated measurement system for ambient aerosol organic carbon, capable of unattended operation over extended periods, is described. Particles are collected in a cyclone with water as the collection medium. The collected sample is periodically aspirated by a syringe pump into a holding loop and then delivered to a wet oxidation reactor (WOR). Acid is added, and the WOR is purged to measure dissolved CO2 or inorganic carbonates (IC) as evolved CO2. The IC background can often be small and sufficiently constant to be corrected for, without separate measurement, by a blank subtraction. The organic material is now oxidized stepwise or in one step to CO2. The one-step oxidation involves UV-persulfate treatment in the presence of ozone. This treatment converts organic carbon (OC) to CO2, but elemental carbon is not oxidized. The CO2 is continuously purged from solution and collected by two sequential miniature diffusion scrubbers (DSs), a short DS preceding a longer one. Each DS consists of a LiOH-fill...
Applying time series models with spatial correlation to identify the scale of variation in habitat metrics related to threatened coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the Pacific Northwest

Trend analyses are common in the analysis of fisheries data, yet the majority of them ignore either observation error or spatial correlation. In this analysis, we applied a novel hierarchical Bayes...
Sjögren's syndrome with immune-complex tubulointerstitial renal disease.

Abstract Renal functional abnormalities and evidence of interstitial nephritis are common in Sjogren's syndrome, and it has been suggested that the interstitial changes may be on an immunologic basis. We report a patient with the sicca complex variety of Sjogren's syndrome who presented with renal functional insufficiency and intense interstitial nephritis. Focal tubular basement membrane (TBM) deposits were observed, and immunofluorescence showed focal TBM deposits of IgG and C3. Glomeruli contained no deposits. Therapy with prednisone and cyclophosphamide was associated with marked clinical improvement and regression of tissue leukocyte infiltration. We propose local or in situ formation of immune complexes, as in the rabbit model of autologous immune-complex interstitial nephritis, and suggest that this mechanism may be operative in some patients with Sjogren's syndrome and tubulointerstitial renal disease. Immunosuppressive therapy may have helped to preserve renal function.
Functional approach to strong-coupling theory in static models. I. Charged-scalar model

The strong-coupling theory in static models is formulated in terms of functional integrations. The method is demonstrated for the charged-scalar model. The expression of elastic and inelastic meson-nucleon scattering amplitudes is obtained to leading order in the strong-coupling expansion $\frac{1}{g}$ expansion), while the isobar energy levels are obtained up to the next to the leading order.
Clarification of the dual task dilemma : lateralized effects for perfunctory and purposeful tasks in left-and right-handed males

The hypothesis that behavioral asymmetries with the dual task paradigm represent manual dominance was investigated with right- and left-handed males performing verbal and spatial tasks ordered by complexity. Lateralization was assessed for nonideational (perfunctory) and ideational (purposeful) components of tasks with multivariate and ANCOVA procedures. The outcomes of prerequisite tests showed the assumptions for conducting ANCOVA procedures were not satisfied with different handedness groups in the same design. However, results of the multivariate analyses suggest lateralized effects are more likely to represent the cognitive task when interference is high and may represent manual dominance when interference is low.