cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Talar Anchor Placement for Modified Brostrom Lateral Ankle Stabilization Procedure

The modified Brostrom procedure has been a proven procedure with excellent utility in the treatment of lateral ankle instability within limitation. Multiple variations of the original technique have been described in the literature to date. Included in these variations are differences in anchor placement, suture technique, or both. In this research study, we propose placing a bone screw anchor into the lateral shoulder of the talus rather than the typical placement at the lateral malleolus for anatomic reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligaments. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 98(6): 473–476, 2008)
Secrecy capacity region of a class of one-sided interference channel

We derive an outer bound for the secrecy capacity region of a class of one-sided interference channel. The transmitters are assumed to be trustworthy while the message is secure against the non-intended receiver. The outer bound is applied to a deterministic channel in which the outer bound is showed to be tight, and to a Gaussian one-sided interference channel where a scheme is proposed that can come within one bit of the outer bound.
Synthesis of 4‐, 5‐, and 6‐Methyl‐2,2′‐Bipyridine by a Negishi Cross‐Coupling Strategy: 5‐Methyl‐2,2′‐Bipyridine

5-Methyl-2, 2′-bipyridine R 2-Amino-5-methylpyridine I 2-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine 1 5-Methyl-2(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) oxypyridine 2 R 2-Bromopyridine P 5-Methyl-2, 2′-bipyridine 3 Keywords: diazotization; replacement reactions, amino by oxygen; heterocycles, six-membered, one nitrogen; pyridine, [110-86-1]; sulfonation, o-sulfonation; halogen compounds, fluorine compounds; heterocycles, six-membered, one nitrogen; sulfur compounds; coupling; metal-catalyzed reactions, palladium; heterocycles, six-membered, one nitrogen; Negishi cross-coupling reaction; 2-pyridyl triflates; methyl 2,2'-bipyridines
Effects of Intracarotid Injections of Hypertonic Solutions on Arterial Pressure in the Rabbit

The intracarotid injection of hypertonic saline in the rabbit induces a brief drop in arterial pressure followed by a somewhat longer pressor phase. The "osmoreceptors" activating these changes are related to the hindbrain and are not the elements responsible for releasing neurohypophysial hormones. The pressure changes are not prevented by vagotomy, deafferentation of the carotid body and sinus, adrenalectomy, or parasympathetic blockade. The blood pressure effects are interpreted as resulting from sequential inhibition and stimulation of medullary vasomotor centers by the hypertonic solutions.
Effects of linkage on rates of molecular evolution

Abstract When an advantageous mutation is fixed in a population by selection, a closely linked selectively neutral or mildly detrimental mutation may "hitchhike" to fixation along with it. It has been suggested that hitchhiking might increase the rate of molecular evolution. Computer simulations and a mathematical argument show that complete linkage to either advantageous or deleterious mutations does not affect the substitution of selectively neutral mutations. However, the simulations show that linkage to selected background mutations decreases the rate of fixation of advantageous mutations and increases the rate of fixation of detrimental mutations. This is true whether the linked background mutations are advantageous or detrimental, and it verifies and extends previous observations that linkage tends to reduce the effects of selection on evolution. These results can be interpreted in terms of the Hill-Robertson effect: a locus linked to another locus under selection experiences a reduction in effective population size. The interpretation of differences in evolutionary rates between different genomes or different regions of a genome may be confounded by the effects of strong linkage and selection. Recombination is expected to reduce the overall rate of molecular evolution while enhancing the rate of adaptive evolution.
Racial differences in self-reported infertility and risk factors for infertility in a cohort of black and white women: the CARDIA Women's Study.

Objective To determine racial differences in self-reported infertility and in risk factors for infertility in a cohort of black and white women. Design A cross-sectional analysis of data from the longitudinal Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, a prospective, epidemiologic investigation of the determinants and evolution of cardiovascular risk factors among black and white young adults and from the ancillary CARDIA Women's Study (CWS). Setting Population-based sample from four US communities (Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; Oakland, CA). Patient(s) Women aged 33–44 years who had complete data (n = 764). Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Self-report of ever having unprotected sexual intercourse for at least 12 months without becoming pregnant. Result(s) Among nonsurgically sterile women, blacks had a twofold increased odds (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–3.1) of infertility compared with whites after adjustment for socioeconomic position (education and ability to pay for basics), correlates of pregnancy intent (marital status and hormonal contraceptive use), and risk factors for infertility (age, smoking, T, fibroid presence, and ovarian volume). The corresponding odds ratio among all women was 1.5 (95% CI 1.0–2.2). Difficulty paying for basics and ovarian volume were associated with infertility among black but not white women. Conclusion(s) In this population-based sample, black women were more likely to have experienced infertility. This disparity is not explained by common risk factors for infertility, such as smoking and obesity, and among nonsurgically sterile women, it is not explained by gynecologic risk factors such as fibroids and ovarian volume.
Nucleic acids within urinary exosomes/microvesicles are potential biomarkers for renal disease

Urinary exosomes or microvesicles are being studied intensively to identify potential new biomarkers for renal disease. We sought to identify whether these microvesicles contain nucleic acids. We isolated microvesicles from human urine in the same density range as that previously described for urinary exosomes and found them to have an RNA integrity profile similar to that of kidney tissue, including 18S and 28S rRNA. This profile was better preserved in urinary microvesicles compared with whole cells isolated from urine, suggesting that microvesicles may protect RNA during urine passage. We were able to detect mRNA in the human urinary microvesicles encoding proteins from all regions of the nephron and the collecting duct. Further, to provide a proof of principle, we found that microvesicles isolated from the urine of the V-ATPase B1 subunit knockout mice lacked mRNA of this subunit while containing a normal amount of the B2 subunit and aquaporin 2. The microvesicles were found to be contaminated with extraneous DNA potentially on their surface; therefore, we developed a rapid and reliable means to isolate nucleic acids from within urine microvesicles devoid of this extraneous contamination. Our study provides an experimental strategy for the routine isolation and use of urinary microvesicles as a novel and non-invasive source of nucleic acids to further renal disease biomarker discovery.
Recent Advances in Compressible Cake Filtration Theory

In compressible cake filtration, variables desired as a function of time are; filtrate volume/area, cake thickness, average cake porosity, and applied pressure.
Indirect Fracture Reduction: A Technique for Minimizing Surgical Trauma

In recent years, the treatment of fractures has evolved away from the rigid, anatomic internal fixation advocated in the 1960s and 1970s toward stable, “biologically benign” internal fixation, utilizing minimal soft-tissue dissection and retraction. Application of this concept appears to avoid complications that can be produced by additional surgical soft-tissue trauma and bone devascularization. Achieving this goal requires the surgeon to assess the degree of soft-tissue injury so as to be able to optimally time the procedure and plan the surgical dissection. Preoperative planning of the location of the internal fixation enables precise placement of the incisions. The author describes techniques of indirect reduction that enable the surgeon to achieve an adequate reduction without the extensive additional soft-tissue dissection previously required to allow fragment manipulation. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1994;2:247-254
Ballistic Thermal Transport in Carbyne and Cumulene with Micron-Scale Spectral Acoustic Phonon Mean Free Path.

Ballistic Thermal Transport in Carbyne and Cumulene with Micron-Scale Spectral Acoustic Phonon Mean Free Path
Adult Cortical Dynamics

Gilbert, Charles D. Adult Cortical Dynamics. Physiol. Rev. 78: 467–485, 1998. — There are many influences on our perception of local features. What we see is not strictly a reflection of the physic...
Abstract CN03-03: Cancer survivorship and health equity research: Lessons learned from pediatric, adolescent, and young adult survivors

Pediatric, adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for premature morbidity and mortality due to their cancer treatment at a young age. They require lifetime follow-up care for targeted surveillance for late effects detection and risk-reduction counseling. Yet, disparities in the receipt of and access to high quality survivorship care can exist. In this session, we will describe outcomes by race/ethnicity in adult survivors of pediatric cancer. We will also characterize risks for disparities in the young adult childhood cancer survivor population. New research paradigms designed to outreach to minority childhood cancer survivors aimed at improving access to risk-based survivorship care will be described Citation Format: Jacqueline Casillas. Cancer survivorship and health equity research: Lessons learned from pediatric, adolescent, and young adult survivors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr CN03-03. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-CN03-03
Antigenic Variation in Rabies and Rabies-Related Viruses: Cross-Protection Independent of Glycoprotein-Mediated Virus-Neutralizing Antibody

Immunization experiments with vaccines prepared from the PM and ERA strains of rabies virus demonstrated that in mice, only ERA vaccine primes for an anamnestic response to the rabies-related strain Duvenhage (DUV6); in rabbits, both ERA and PM vaccines induced immunologic memory to DUV6 virus. In mice, ERA vaccine, but not an equal concentration of PM vaccine, conferred protection against a lethal challenge infection with DUV6 virus. This result indicated that the protective activity correlated with the vaccine's ability to induce immunologic memory. A vaccine prepared from a sequentially selected, neutralization-resistant, multiple-variant virus conferred protection against challenge with the parental strain, a result indicating that antigenic variation of the glycoprotein may not be the sole factor in determining the relative efficacy of rabies prophylaxis. We found no correlation between titers of neutralizing antibody and mortality rates in mice immunized with purified glycoprotein from these viruses.
Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of nanoporous polyvinylidence fluoride (PVDF) films

A nanoporous polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) thin film was developed for applications in energy harvesting, medical surgeries, and industrial robotics. This sponge-like nanoporous PVDF structure dramatically enhanced the piezoelectric effect because it yielded considerably large deformation under a small force. A casting-etching method was adopted to make films, which is effective to control the porosity, flexibility, and thickness of the film. The films with various Zinc Oxide (ZnO) mass fractions ranging from 10 to 50% were fabricated to investigate the porosity effect. The piezoelectric coefficient d33 as well as dielectric constant and loss of the films were characterized. The results were analyzed and the optimal design of the film with the right amount of ZnO nanoparticles was determined.
Image guided surgery in the management of head and neck cancer

Complete resection of head and neck tumors relies on palpation and visual inspection. Achieving a negative margin in remote locations in the head and neck region, especially in close proximity to critical structures, is often difficult to achieve. Positive resection margins in head and neck cancer are at high risk to develop recurrent disease and associated with poor prognosis. Near-infrared fluorescence-guided optical imaging is an emerging technology with the potential to move the surgical field forward and facilitate surgeons to visualize tumors in real-time intra-operatively. In this review, our focus is to discuss the recent advances and the potential application of near infrared (NIR) fluorescent-guided surgery in the management of head and neck cancer.
Expound The Emotion Ducation Int The Teaching Of Philosophy

The main defect is to ignore the emotion education and the cultivation of students' perceptual factor in the traditional education pattern the education of tackling tests.The nature and characteristic of philosophy make teachers apt to have a wrong opinion that explanations is the only necessary way to get philosophy through to students,and the empathy is impossible and unnecessary.The article tries to expound the necessity and pressingness of the emotion education in the teaching of philosophy by analyzing the general function of education work and the basic goal of the quality education and the characteristic of philosophy etc.In the meantime,the article provides some enlightments of the methodolgy about how to move students' feeling in the teaching of philosophy.
Nonlinear Total Energy Control for the Longitudinal dynamics of an aircraft

Many common altitude and airspeed control schemes for an aircraft assume that the altitude and airspeed dynamics are decoupled which leads to errors. The Total Energy Control System (TECS) is an approach that controls the altitude and airspeed by manipulating the total energy rate and energy distribution rate, of the aircraft, in a manner which accounts for the dynamic coupling. In this paper, a nonlinear controller based on the TECS principles are derived. Simulation results show that the nonlinear controller has better performance than the standard PI type TECS control schemes.
Martian polar vortices: Comparison of reanalyses

The structure and evolution of the Martian polar vortices is examined using two recently available reanalysis systems: version 1.0 of the Mars Analysis Correction Data Assimilation (MACDA) and a preliminary version of the Ensemble Mars Atmosphere Reanalysis System (EMARS). There is quantitative agreement between the reanalyses in the lower atmosphere, where Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) data are assimilated, but there are differences at higher altitudes reflecting differences in the free-running general circulation model simulations used in the two reanalyses. The reanalyses show similar potential vorticity (PV) structure of the vortices: There is near-uniform small PV equatorward of the core of the westerly jet, steep meridional PV gradients on the polar side of the jet core, and a maximum of PV located off of the pole. In maps of 30 sol mean PV, there is a near-continuous elliptical ring of high PV with roughly constant shape and longitudinal orientation from fall to spring. However, the shape and orientation of the vortex varies on daily time scales, and there is not a continuous ring of PV but rather a series of smaller scale coherent regions of high PV. The PV structure of the Martian polar vortices is, as has been reported before, very different from that of Earth's stratospheric polar vortices, but there are similarities with Earth's tropospheric vortices which also occur at the edge of the Hadley Cell, and have near-uniform small PV equatorward of the jet, and a large increase of PV poleward of the jet due to increased stratification.
Indirect Distance Functions

The thought that firms are restricted by cost or revenue targets is developed in this chapter. Cost and revenue indirect distance functions are introduced in Section 4.1. These functions are related to the cost and revenue functions in Chapter Three, respectively. Duality theorems between the direct and indirect distance function are proved in Section 4.2, and the well-known relationship between the direct and indirect production function is generalized to the multi-output case. Derivative properties of the two indirect distance functions are developed in Section 4.3, and in the last section the cost indirect distance function is used to derive a nonparametric test for multi-output “maximization.”
BMP4/Madh5 Dependent Signaling Is Required for the Expansion of a Population of Stress Erythroid Progenitors in the Fetal Liver.

Fetal liver hematopoiesis is primarily erythropoiesis, which robustly produces erythrocytes to meet the growing need of the developing embryo. In many ways fetal liver erythropoiesis resembles stress erythropoiesis in the adult, where in response to acute anemia, a unique population of stress erythroid progenitors is rapidly expanded in the spleen. The development of these stress progenitors requires BMP4/Madh5 dependent signals. Spleen stress progenitors exhibit properties that are distinct from bone marrow steady state progenitors in that they are able to rapidly form large BFU-E colonies, which require only Epo stimulation for their generation. Mice mutant at the flexed-tail locus exhibit a defective stress erythroid response because of a mutation in Madh5 . In addition to this defect, flexed-tail mice also exhibit a severe fetal-neonatal anemia. We have analyzed fetal liver erythropoiesis in flexed-tail and control embryos. We show that BMP4 is expressed in the fetal liver and its expression correlates with the time of maximum erythropoiesis. In flexed-tail mutant embryos the expression is delayed and this correlates with both a delay and a defect in the expansion of erythroid progenitors. Our analysis also shows that the fetal liver contains two types of erythroid progenitors. One type exhibits the properties of stress BFU-E found in the adult spleen, which are compromised in flexed-tail embryos and a second type that is similar to bone marrow steady state BFU-E. These data demonstrate that BMP4 dependent signaling drives the expansion of erythroid progenitors in the fetal liver in a manner similar to stress erythropoiesis in the adult spleen.
In situ synchrotron investigation of grain growth behavior of nano-grained UO2

Abstract The study of grain growth kinetics in nano-grained UO2 samples is reported. Dense nano-grained UO2 samples with well-controlled stoichiometry and grain size were fabricated using the spark plasma sintering technique. To determine the grain growth kinetics at elevated temperatures, a synchrotron wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) study was performed in situ to measure the real-time grain size evolution based on the modified Williamson-Hall analysis. The unique grain growth kinetics of nanocrystalline UO2 at 730 °C and 820 °C were observed and explained by the difference in mobility of various grain boundaries.
Almost output regulation of switched linear dynamics with switched exosignals

Summary For systems with switched linear dynamics and affected by persistent switched exosignals, we propose a new hybrid control approach to achieve not only closed-loop stability but also tracking and/or rejection of persistent references/disturbances generated by multiple exosystems, namely, output regulation. It is assumed that both controlled plant and exosystem are described by switched linear models. The proposed hybrid controller/output regulator is specified as a switching impulsive system, where the controller states will undergo impulsive jumps at each switching instant. Based on the average dwell time switching technique, it has been shown how to completely reduce the synthesis problem of the hybrid controller to a set of linear matrix equations and linear matrix inequalities. Both continuous-time and discrete-time cases are discussed. To demonstrate its usefulness, the proposed hybrid control method has been applied to solve the output regulation problem for a mechanical system. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Song of the South Side: A Fine Romance in Southside with You

AbstractLove stories are important tools for building cultural communities. Paying attention to the culturally established process by which new members are initiated in a group is a way of keeping loyalty to and satisfaction with the group. The recent movie Southside with You depicts the beginning of the love story of Michelle and Barack Obama. It differs from the usual movie biographies of important people. Their future importance is not emphasized, and the usual devices of serious conflict, exciting action, and sentimental love scenes are absent. The happy couple do not even end up together in love. But the themes alluded to and the audience attitudes aroused are cultural achievements that are useful to cultural communities.
Long Noncoding RNA uc.173 Promotes Renewal of the Intestinal Mucosa by Inducing Degradation of MicroRNA 195.

Background and Aims The mammalian intestinal epithelium self-renews rapidly and homeostasis is preserved via tightly controlled mechanisms. Long noncoding RNAs transcribed from ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) control different cell functions, but little is known about their role in maintaining the integrity of the intestinal epithelium. We searched for T-UCRs that regulate growth of the intestinal mucosa and investigated the mechanism by which T-UCR uc.173 regulates epithelial renewal. Methods C57BL/6J mice were deprived of food for 48 hours in fasting experiments. Some mice were given intraperitoneal injections of a plasmid encoding LNA-anti-uc.173, to knock down endogenous uc.173 . For studies using organoids, primary enterocytes were isolated from the intestine and transfected with the uc.173 transgene to increase uc.173 levels. Intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2 and IEC-6 lines) were transfected with LNA-anti-uc.173 or uc.173 transgene. We quantified intestinal epithelial renewal based on BrdU incorporation, villus height and crypt depth, and cell number. The association of uc.173 with microRNA 195 (miRNA195) was determined by RNA pull-down assays. Results Genome-wide profile analyses identified 21 T-UCRs, including uc.173, that were differentially expressed between intestinal mucosa of fasted vs non-fasted mice. Increasing levels of uc.173 by expression of a transgene increased growth of intestinal epithelial cells and organoids. Decreasing uc.173 levels by LNA-anti-uc.173 in mice reduced renewal of the intestinal epithelium. We found that uc.173 interacted directly with the primary transcript of miRNA195, leading to miRNA195 degradation. Conclusions In analyses of intestinal epithelial cells and mice, we identified uc.173 noncoding RNA that regulates growth of the intestinal mucosa and stimulates intestinal epithelial renewal by reducing levels of miRNA195.
The Senegal urban reproductive health initiative: a longitudinal program impact evaluation.

Abstract Objectives This paper presents the impact of key components of the Senegal Urban Reproductive Health Initiative, including radio, television, community-based activities, Muslim religious-leader engagement and service quality improvement on modern contraceptive use by all women and the sub-sample of poor women. Study design This study uses baseline (2011) and endline (2015) longitudinal data from a representative sample of urban women first surveyed in 2011 to examine the impact of the Initiative's demand- and supply-side activities on modern contraceptive use. Results By endline, there was increased exposure to radio and television programming, religious leaders speaking favorably about contraception, and community-based initiatives. In the same period, modern contraceptive use increased from 16.9% to 22.1% with a slightly larger increase among the poor (16.6% to 24.1%). Multivariate analyses demonstrate that women exposed to community-based activities were more likely to use modern contraception by endline (marginal effect (ME): 5.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.50–7.74) than those not exposed. Further, women living within 1 km of a facility with family planning guidelines were more likely to use (ME: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.88–5.20) than women without a nearby facility with guidelines. Among poor women, community-based activities, radio exposure (ME: 4.21; 95% CI: 0.49–7.93), and living close to program facilities (ME: 4.32; 95% CI: 0.04–8.59) impacted use. Conclusions Community-based activities are important for reaching urban women, including poor women, to achieve increased contraceptive use. Radio programming is also an important tool for increasing demand, particularly among poor women. Impacts of other program activities on contraceptive use were modest. Implications This study demonstrates that community-based activities led to increased modern contraceptive use among all women and poor women in urban Senegal. These findings can inform future programs in urban Senegal and elsewhere in francophone Africa.
Tumor in the Lower Chest Wall and Upper Abdomen

Tumors involving the ribs of the lower chest wall, the hemidiaphragm (or a portion of it), and the upper abdominal wall pose special problems in reconstruction. In the case depicted, a large sarcoma on the left side of the lower chest and upper abdominal wall is protruding and is easily palpable. Assuming that the tumor is roughly spherical, the direction of the incision is preferably oblique, following the direction of the lower ribs (Fig. 20.1). The usual position of the patient is a lateral one, with the affected side up. The previous biopsy incision is included in an elliptical incision. Skin flaps then are raised several centimeters beyond the palpable extent of the tumor (Fig. 20.2). The fascia covering the muscles is incised around the tumor (Fig. 20.3).
Adult Basic Education: A Mandate for Teacher Training

(1976). Adult Basic Education: A Mandate for Teacher Training. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Western College Reading Association: Vol. 9, Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference of the WCRA. The Spirit of '76: Revolutionizing College Learning Skills, pp. 126-131.
Glassy Phases in Ceramics

Publisher Summary This chapter elaborates the formation, microstructural distribution, chemical composition, and functional microstructure of glassy phases in ceramics. The glassy phase is believed to be the uncrystallized remnant of a liquid phase present during densification. In cases where the volume fraction of glassy phase is high, as in certain refractories or only partially crystallized glass-ceramics, it can be readily seen by optical microscopy between grains and as pockets at three-grain junctions. Examination by electron microprobe reveals that the glassy phases are highly siliceous and contain elements, such as sodium, aluminum, calcium, and iron, known to be commonly present as impurities in the starting powders. The existence of glassy phases along grain boundaries, particularly along the three-grain junctions, implies that the glass phase is topologically continuous through the microstructure. The presence of intergranular glassy phases has little effect on room temperature mechanical properties. Selected-area diffraction patterns recorded in the transmission electron microscope from the pockets of glassy phase down to approximately 3 nm in size exhibit the symmetrical ring symmetry and spacings expected from bulk glasses.
Fired Up, Ready to Go: The Impact of Age, Campaign Enthusiasm, and Civic Duty on African American Voting

Does the decision to vote signify that African Americans are “fired up” (i.e., that they are excited about the election), or is it a function of Blacks’ long-term commitment to activism (i.e., that their sense of social responsibility keeps them “ready to go” to the polls)? We argue that campaign enthusiasm and civic duty can work together, exerting an interactive influence in some contexts, and moving independently in others. Using survey data from the 2012 and 2016 American National Election Studies, we discover that both enthusiasm or civic duty matter in the sense that high levels of civic duty can substitute for a lack of enthusiasm, and that high levels of enthusiasm can substitute for the lack of a sense of civic duty. This pattern of enthusiasm and civic duty being “mutually-attenuating” conditions of Black turnout is clearest in 2016: the stronger the effect of one variable, the weaker the impact of the other, and this conditional effect is exists regardless of age. Our findings join the ongoing and spirited conversation about racial politics in the United States, and they contribute to the study of campaign enthusiasm and civic duty, two of the strongest and most reliable motivators of political behavior.
Pilot study of iPad-based patient-reported outcomes at the MGH Cancer Center.

190Background: Patient reported outcomes (PROs) have been shown to improve outcomes in cancer patients in clinical trials and have also been shown to improve the patient experience, provide real-time access to patient reported symptoms and are increasingly used across disciplines. Given the importance of PROs, at the MGH Cancer Center, we implemented a pilot using iPADs to capture patient reported outcomes for patients receiving IV chemotherapy in the breast and lymphoma clinics as well all IV chemotherapy patients at one of the MGH satellite clinics where patients across all disease groups are seen. Methods: 12 measures from the PRO-CTCAE were selected to be applicable to all cancer patients. Working with the technology team and EPIC team at MGH the selected PROs were loaded into iPADs and are automatically assigned to patients receiving IV chemotherapy. Staff and clinicians were trained in the breast, lymphoma and satellite clinic. Patient who were receiving IV chemotherapy were assigned iPADs at check ...
The theory and practical applications of liposome-protoplast interactions.

Although liposomes have been known for about 80 years (Lehman 1904) it is only in the past 2 decades that they have been the subject of extensive scientific scrutiny. Despite this the literature is already too vast for a short chapter to cover in any great depth. Accordingly the intent of this article is to describe, albeit briefly, some theoretical and technical aspects relevant to the production of liposomes and their interaction with protoplasts and then to review examples of specific liposome protoplast interactions. Hopefully these descriptions will be sufficient to permit interested scientists to select which liposome techniques could be of use to them and act as a source of references to full experimental details and to reviews emphasising other areas of reasearch involving liposomes. The emphasis here is that liposomes either with or without associated compounds can interact with protoplasts (and other types of cell that lack cell walls) to promote cell fusion, transformation, transfection and the delivery of a variety of biologically active substances into living cytoplasm.
Rotating Parker wind

We reconsider the structure of thermally driven rotating Parker wind. Rotation, without \Bf, changes qualitatively the structure of the subsonic region: solutions become non-monotonic and do not extend to the origin. For small angular velocities solutions have two critical points - X-point and O-points, which merge at the critical angular velocity of the central star $\Omega_{crit} = G M_\ast/(2 \sqrt{2} c_s R_{b}^2)$ (where $M_\ast$ and $R_{b}$ are mass and radius of the central star, $c_s$ is the sound speed in the wind). For larger spins there is no critical points in the solution. For disk winds (when the base of the wind rotates with Keplerian velocity) launched equatorially the coronal sound speed should be smaller than $\approx 0.22 v_K$ in order to connect to the critical curve ($v_K$ is the Keplerian velocity at a given location on the disk).
Connected Cars: Automotive Cybersecurity and Privacy for Smart Cities

Abstract This chapter examines the cybersecurity and privacy of the twin notions of smart transportation and intelligent transportation systems with a focus on the role of personal automobiles. Smart transportation encompasses the individual and joint capabilities of connected cars, or more generally, vehicles, and so comprises the internal workings of autonomous vehicles and the complex interdependencies introduced by vehicle-to-vehicle communications. An intelligent transportation system introduces smart technology to civil transportation infrastructure, and the connected car further creates the opportunity for vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. We identify threats and attacks enabled by smart transportation and intelligent transportation systems, and survey methods for providing security and privacy.
Noncooperative Distributed Social Welfare Optimization with EV Charging Response

This paper presents a novel non-cooperative strategic game-theoretic framework to model electric vehicle (EV) aggregators (such as fast-charging stations and aggregated building charging infrastructures) and enable their participation in integrated economic dispatch and demand response, as known as social welfare optimization. Each EV aggregator acts as a selfish and independent player with focus on only its own benefits. A special type of non-cooperative strategic game, called potential game, is applied to model the interaction between all palyers. Spatial adaptive play (SAP) is applied to for the players to learn and react in the proposed game, with guaranteed convergence to a Nash equilibrium (NE) which is also a global optimizer to the social welfare optimization problem. Simulations on a IS-bus IEEE network have been conducted to validate the framework. Results match expected outcomes and dynamics of the proposed EV charzina response 2ame.
Chapter 19 – Pathology Informatics

Informatics plays an important role in every aspect of the clinical pathology laboratory, blood bank, and transfusion medicine service. Part of this chapter focuses on regulatory standards including Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), International Classification of Diseases (ICD), Health Level Seven (HL7), and Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC). The remainder of the chapter focuses on relevant topics in informatics including: bar coding and tracking; laboratory information systems; laboratory automation; middleware; workflow optimization; and database schemas.
DISCORDANT VALUES IN LOWER EXTREMITY PHYSIOLOGIC STUDIES AS MARKER OF CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOME IN A LARGE COHORT

Lower extremity physiologic testing also known as ankle-brachial indices (ABIs) are an important non-invasive diagnostic tool for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and a risk marker for cardiovascular outcome. ABI is calculated by adapting the highest systolic blood pressure of the dorsalis pedis or
Relapsed T Cell ALL: Current Approaches and New Directions

Patients with relapsed T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) have limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Although a variety of salvage chemotherapy regimens may be used, response rates are unsatisfactory. This article summarizes current approaches and promising emerging strategies for the treatment of relapsed T-ALL. Although nelarabine is the only agent approved specifically for T-ALL, recent studies have identified a variety of genetic alterations and signaling pathways that are critical in its pathogenesis. Based on these findings, a number of small-molecule inhibitors and other targeted therapies are being studied for relapsed T-ALL, including gamma-secretase inhibitors, BCL-2 inhibitors, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, and mTOR inhibitors. In addition, pre-clinical studies of chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CD5 and CD7 as well as the monoclonal antibody daratumumab have shown promising results for T-ALL. Relapsed T-ALL currently remains challenging to treat, but recent pre-clinical studies of targeted and immunotherapeutic agents have shown encouraging results. A number of clinical trials investigating these approaches for T-ALL are currently underway.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging of wear and corrosion products within joint capsule tissue from total hip replacements patients

Implant debris generated by wear and corrosion is a prominent cause of joint replacement failure. This study utilized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging (FTIR-I) to gain a better understanding of the chemical structure of implant debris and its impact on the surrounding biological environment. Therefore, retrieved joint capsule tissue from five total hip replacement patients was analyzed. All five cases presented different implant designs and histopathological patterns. All tissue samples were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Unstained, 5 μm thick sections were prepared. The unstained sections were placed on BaF2 windows and deparaffinized with xylene prior to analysis. FTIR-I data were collected at a spectral resolution of 4 cm-1 using an Agilent Cary 670 spectrometer coupled with Cary 620 FTIR microscope. The results of study demonstrated that FTIR-I is a powerful tool that can be used complimentary to the existing histopathological evaluation of tissue. FTIR-I was able to distinguish areas with different cell types (macrophages, lymphocytes). Small, but distinct differences could be detected depending on the state of cells (viable, necrotic) and depending on what type of debris was present (polyethylene [PE], suture material, and metal oxides). Although, metal oxides were mainly below the measurable range of FTIR-I, the infrared spectra of tissues exhibited noticeable difference in their presence. Tens of micrometer sized polyethylene particles could be easily imaged, but also accumulations of submicron particles could be detected within macrophages. FTIR-I was also able to distinguish between PE debris, and other birefringent materials such as suture. Chromium-phosphate particles originating from corrosion processes within modular taper junctions of hip implants could be identified and easily distinguished from other phosphorous materials such as bone. In conclusion, this study successfully demonstrated that FTIR-I is a useful tool that can image and determine the biochemical information of retrieved tissue samples over tens of square millimeters in a completely label free, nondestructive, and objective manner. The resulting chemical images provide a deeper understanding of the chemical nature of implant debris and their impact on chemical changes of the tissue within which they are embedded.
Co-Existence of LTE-U and Wi-Fi with Direct Communication

One of the most prominent cellular technologies, Long Term Evolution (LTE), is currently operating on some 800MHz, 2GHz, and 3.5GHz licensed bands. Wi-Fi is currently operating on 2.5GHz and 5GHz unlicensed bands. The declaration stating that 5GHz bands are unlicensed enables LTE to operate on 5GHz bands. It is challenging, however, for different wireless technologies to co-exist. The two standards, LTE-U and LTE-LAA, for LTE to coexist with Wi-Fi on the 5GHz band have evolved. The LTE-U standard is based on the duty cycle, while LTE-LAA is based on listen-before-talk (LBT). In existing LTE-U systems, the LTE base station (eNB) estimates the fair portion of Wi-Fi usage based on channel state information. The usage estimation from channel state information is not as accurate enough as well as the fair portion. In this paper, we study the fair coexistence between LTE-U and Wi-Fi in the scenario where an LTE eNB can exchange information with Wi-Fi access points (AP). The communication can be done in both wired and wireless mediums. The wired medium is ethernet point-to-point communication, and the wireless communication is done using the reserved bits in Wi-Fi packets. Both ways are applicable to the operator, who has both LTE and Wi-Fi coverage. Therefore, the Wi-Fi AP can collect information about other APs and send it to its LTE eNB. The LTE eNB can adjust its parameters according to the received information to achieve fairness.
Characterizing Woody Breast Myopathy in a Meat Broiler Line by Heat Production, Microbiota, and Plasma Metabolites.

Selection for quantitative traits in meat broilers such as breast yield and growth rate exert physiological pressure leading to ante mortem histological and biochemical alterations in muscle tissues. The poultry industry has recently witnessed a myopathy condition affecting Pectoralis major (breast muscle) of broilers, called woody breast (WB), an etiology still unclear to scientific community. A study was conducted to characterize the WB myopathy in a meat broiler line at its finishing phase (d 41) in terms of heat production (HP), microbiota and plasma metabolites. Two treatment groups were studied – WB affected (myopathy) and normal (non-myopathy) broiler; n=20 in each group. Indirect calorimetry was utilized for HP measurement. Furthermore, body composition (BC) analysis was also performed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Microbiota in ileal digesta was studied with PCR amplified 16s rRNA gene. LC-MS targeted metabolomics was performed to understand differential expression of plasma metabolites. Results showed that there was difference in fasting HP (P < 0.05) between these two treatment groups, with non-myopathy broiler producing more heat which was indicative of higher body protein content validated by higher protein: fat ratio by BC results. Less protein content in myopathy bird could be due to probable higher mixed muscle degradation occurring in lean tissue as marked by elevated 3-methylhistidine expression in plasma. Microbiota results showed unclassified Lactobacillus as predominant genus with higher abundance occurring in myopathy group; whereas at species level, L. acidipiscis was predominant bacteria for non-myopathy broiler. Differentially significant metabolites (P < 0.05) identified from plasma metabolome between these two treatment groups were homocysteine, cyclic GMP, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), tyramine, carnitine and acetylcarnitine, which were all associated to cardiovascular system. The findings suggest that more research in meat broilers could be opted towards delivering reduced vascularity issues to alleviate this myopathy condition.
A preliminary examination of brain morphometry in youth with Down syndrome with and without parent-reported sleep difficulties.

Abstract Background Down syndrome is associated with poor sleep but little is known about its neural correlates. Aims The current research compared brain morphometry in youth with Down syndrome with parent-reported sleep problems (DS-S) to peers with Down syndrome (DS) and typical development (TD) without parent-reported sleep problems matched on age (M = 15.15) and sex ratio (62 % female). Methods and procedures Magnetic resonance imaging was completed on a 3 T scanner. Participants were stratified into groups based on parent-report: DS-S (n = 17), DS (n = 9), TD (n = 22). Brain morphometry, processed with the FreeSurfer Image Analysis Suite, was compared across groups. In addition, the co-occurrence of medical conditions in the DS groups was examined. Outcomes and results Youth with DS-S had reduced total, frontal, parietal, and temporal brain volumes relative to DS and TD peers. They also had higher rates of congenital heart defects than the DS-only group; however, this comorbidity did not appear to account for morphometry differences. Conclusions and implications Parent-reported sleep problems in DS appear to relate to global and localized volume reductions. These preliminary results have implications for understanding the neural correlates of poor sleep in DS; they also highlight the importance of examining relations between sleep and other medical comorbidities.
Are Chondrocytes Overlying Cam Morphology Suitable for Therapeutic Use

Objectives:Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) results in extra bone and cartilage on the anterolateral femoral head-neck junction, causing abnormal contact between the femur and the acetab...
Macrocyclic tetranuclear double-butterfly Fe/S carbonyl clusters as [FeFe]-hydrogenase models

Cyclic bis(diironhexacarbonyl) dithiolates with double-butterfly architecture and centrosymmetricity are supramolecular coordination complexes that mimic the structure and function of the diiron un...
Effects of Noninvasive Cervical Vagal Nerve Stimulation on Cognitive Performance But Not Brain Activation in Healthy Adults.

OBJECTIVES While preliminary evidence suggests that noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS) may enhance cognition, to our knowledge, no study has directly assessed the effects of nVNS on brain function and cognitive performance in healthy individuals. The aim of this study was therefore to assess whether nVNS enhances complex visuospatial problem solving in a normative sample. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine underlying neural substrates. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants received transcutaneous cervical nVNS (N = 15) or sham (N = 15) stimulation during a 3 T fMRI scan. Stimulation lasted for 2 min at 24 V for nVNS and at 4.5 V for sham. Subjects completed a matrix reasoning (MR) task in the scanner and a forced-choice recognition task outside the scanner. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess group differences in cognitive performance. And linear mixed effects (LMEs) regression analysis was used to assess main and interaction effects of experimental groups, level of MR task difficulty, and recall accuracy on changes in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal. RESULTS Subjects who received nVNS showed higher accuracy for both easy (p = 0.017) and hard (p = 0.013) items of the MR task, slower reaction times for hard items (p = 0.014), and fewer false negative errors during the forced-choice recognition task (p = 0.047). MR task difficulty related to increased activation in frontoparietal regions (p < 0.001). No difference between nVNS and sham stimulation was found on BOLD response during performance of the MR task. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that nVNS increased attention compared to sham, and that this effect led to enhanced executive functions, and consequently to better performance on visuospatial reasoning and recognition tasks. Results provide initial support that nVNS may be a low risk, low-cost treatment for cognitive disorders.
Variations in RTI Literacy Implementation in Grades 6-12: A National Study

Despite the need for Response to Intervention (RTI) in secondary grades, research is scant with most studies exploring state-level policy guidance and RTI implementation surveys in classrooms. Addi...