cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A glimpse into the history of the contributions of women to American radiotherapy.

Curious, adventuresome, resourceful, flexible, persistent, and caring! These stellar qualities are exhibited by the many women in Radiation Oncology who have pioneered through difficult times. These women are recognized as researchers, healers, and mentors. They have emerged as our leaders and models and, thus, have influenced hundreds of women. Like a human pyramid, they have helped build our discipline. There have been many inspiring women, from all over the world, who have contributed as physicists, biologists, and clinicians over the past 100 years. This article highlights only a few of the women who have contributed as research-scientists, clinician-healers, and educators. In acknowledging these women it is important to remember that in the early days it was not acceptable for a woman to be educated, let alone study science, or work with large heavy machines and dangerous equipment. These women have made numerous scientific contributions that stand out in history, but their personal stories reveal their many qualities that have contributed to their success. These personal stories are described in the following vignettes of a few of the pioneering women in Radiation Oncology.
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF CASINOS ON QUALITY OF LIFE

Recent attention has focused upon the socialand economic impact of legalized gambling,particularly casino gambling. Thoughconsiderable attention has been paid to theeffects on individuals in such areas as problemgambling, less attention has been given to theeffect casino gambling has on citizens'day-to-day life. In particular, how does theintroduction of casino gambling affect theirquality of life? This paper explores thisissue utilizing multiple indicators gathered aspart of an in depth study of the effects ofcasino gambling on crime and quality of life ineight new casino jurisdictions.
A psychobiological perspective on working memory performance at 8 months of age.

Fifty 8-month-old infants participated in a study of the interrelations among cognition, temperament, and electrophysiology. Better performance on a working memory task (assessed using a looking version of the A-not-B task) was associated with increases in frontal–parietal EEG coherence from baseline to task, as well as elevated levels of frontal–occipital coherence during both baseline and task. Enhanced performance was also associated with decreased heart period (increased heart rate) from baseline to task. Infants with better working memory performance had parents who rated them high on activity level and distress to limitations. When considered collectively, EEG coherence and heart period contributed unique variance in the prediction of high and low performance groups. Implications for the study of infant cognition are discussed.
Effects of Job Redesign: A Field Experiment1

A telephone company project to redesign the job of directory assistance operator was: studied in order to determine the effects on workers of “job enrichment” programs. The change increased the amount of variety and the decisionmaking autonomy in the operator's job. However, no change in work motivation, job involvement, or growth need satisfaction occurred as a result of the changes; instead, the changes had a significant negative impact on interpersonal relationships. After the changes, the older employees reported less satisfaction with the quality of their interpersonal relationships, and those supervisors whose jobs were affected by the changes reported less job security and reduced interpersonal satisfaction. Implications of these findings for the theory of job redesign proposed by Hackman and Lawler (1971) are discussed.
Response of postharvest tree nut lepidopteran pests to vacuum treatments.

Industry concerns over insect resistance, regulatory action, and the needs of organic processors have renewed interest in nonchemical alternative postharvest treatments to fumigants used for California tree nuts. The development of inexpensive polyvinyl chloride containers capable of holding low pressures has increased the practicality of vacuum treatments for durable commodities such as tree nuts. To develop vacuum treatment protocols, we determined the relative tolerance to vacuum (50 mmHg) at 25 and 30°C of different life stages of three postharvest pests of tree nuts: codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitelle (Walker), and Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner). At both temperatures, nondiapausing codling moth larvae were the least tolerant stage tested. LT95 values for diapausing Indianmeal moth larvae were similar to Indianmeal moth eggs at both temperatures. Indianmeal moth diapausing larvae and eggs were the most tolerant at 25°C, whereas navel orangeworm eggs were most tolerant at 30°C. Field tests using GrainPro Cocoons (GrainPro, Inc., Concord, MA) to treat shelled almonds, Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb, in bins at vacuum levels of 18–43 mmHg at average winter temperatures (6–10°C) showed that diapausing codling moth larvae were the most tolerant under these conditions and that exposures of 7–13 d provided incomplete control. Summer field tests treating in-shell almonds in bags at average temperatures of 25–30°C provided complete control with 48 h exposure to average vacuum levels of 50 mmHg, and navel orangeworm eggs were the most tolerant stage.
Strategic Trade in the Presence of Reputation Spillovers

With the emergence of North-South intra-industry trade in products where consumers value quality, exporting countries potentially face significant barriers to entry. Due to the existence of asymmetric information about new products in a foreign market, the producer's reputation becomes an important factor in determining whether consumers choose to make a purchase. The purpose of this paper is to add learning externalities across multiple products to a model of endogenous firm entry and quality in order to examine the implications for commercial intervention. Building on the work of Mayer (1984) and Grossman and Horn (1988), we introduce learning across multiple products in the presence of incomplete information. If the reputation of the initial entrants from a country is poor, it raises the informational barriers to entry. Consequently, strategic trade policy depends on both the quality choice of firms entering the market for exports as well as the degree of product inter-relatedness. In the presence of high and low-quality producers, across-the-board subsidization hinders rather than promote exports.
Developing probabilistic graphical models for identifying text patterns and semantics

In this dissertation, we discuss a new probabilistic graphical model called the data sequence dependence model (DSDM). This model is derived from the joint probability function for a sequence of class assignments given a sequence of input symbols (words) under fewer and different conditional independence assumptions than the commonly used probabilistic graphical models, such as hidden Markov models (HMMs), maximum entropy Markov models (MEMMs), and conditional random fields (CRF s). Our model accounts for the data sequence dependency rather than the class sequence dependency. In order to find a sequence of optimal class assignments for a sequence of input symbols, the HMM and CRF models have to employ dynamic programming. In contrast to these models, our method does not need to employ dynamic programming. Although dynamic programming is an efficient optimization technique, our model leads to an algorithm whose computational complexity is less than dynamic programming and whose performance is just as good or better. Based on DSDM, we develop algorithms for identifying semantics in texts. In this research, semantics consists of three types of text patterns. They are the semantic arguments of a verb, the sense of a polysemous word, and the noun phrases of a sentence. In addition, two other probabilistic graphical models are described. They are called the context independence model (CIM) and the class sequence dependence model (CSDM). These models have the same economic gain function as DSDM. However, they are derived under the different conditional independence assumptions. Finally, statistical testing methodologies are employed to validate these models. For our task of identifying semantic patterns, we compare each pair of the models by testing the null hypothesis that the two models are equally good at identifying semantic patterns against the alternative hypothesis that one model is better able to identify semantic patterns. The resulting p-value shows that DSDM is better able to identify semantic patterns than the other models.
The Utility of Cerebral Blood Flow as a Biomarker of Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease

There is accumulating evidence suggesting that changes in brain perfusion are present long before the clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), perhaps even before amyloid-β accumulation or brain atrophy. This evidence, consistent with the vascular hypothesis of AD, implicates cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the pathogenesis of AD and suggests its utility as a biomarker of preclinical AD. The extended preclinical phase of AD holds particular significance for disease modification, as treatment would likely be most effective in this early asymptomatic stage of disease. This highlights the importance of identifying reliable and accurate biomarkers of AD that can differentiate normal aging from preclinical AD prior to clinical symptom manifestation. Cerebral perfusion, as measured by arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI), has been shown to distinguish between normal controls and adults with AD. In addition to demonstrating diagnostic utility, CBF has shown usefulness as a tool for identifying those who are at risk for AD and for predicting subtle cognitive decline and conversion to mild cognitive impairment and AD. Taken together, this evidence not only implicates CBF as a useful biomarker for tracking disease severity and progression, but also suggests that ASL-measured CBF may be useful for identifying candidates for future AD treatment trials, especially in the preclinical, asymptomatic phases of the disease.
Home Sweet Home: A Place to Deliver, Care for, and Raise Our Children

In the United States women are generally thought to have the right to choose the circumstances of their childbirth. More specifically, women can choose between various hospitals, physicians, shared...
Cardiac function and dysfunction in hypertension.

BACKGROUND Hypertension is the most common condition of increased left ventricular afterload that affects the cardiovascular system. OBJECTIVE To review the effects of increased blood pressure on cardiac function. SUMMARY In early or borderline hypertension, cardiac output increases but intravascular volume remains normal. In uncomplicated established hypertension, left ventricular systolic function is generally normal at rest; however, the left ventricular filling rate is reduced in approximately 30% of hypertensive patients without associated alterations in systolic function. In the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, overall left ventricular systolic performance remains within normal limits; however, left hypertrophy in hypertension is associated with a high morbidity rate, possibly due to increased collagen concentration leading to reduced left ventricular compliance, fewer adrenergic receptors, reduced responsiveness of the adenylate cyclase system, and reduced coronary flow reserve. Acute increases in blood pressure in a hypertensive patient may worsen cardiac function, particularly in the presence of medications that interfere with the adrenergic support of the heart. New, accurate, noninvasive techniques can assess cardiac structural and functional aspects of hypertension under precise circumstances. CONCLUSIONS Assessing both systolic and diastolic function is important in the follow-up of hypertensive patients and in the choice of therapy.
Impacts of ±800 kV DC Power Transmission From Yunnan to Guangdong on Stability of China Southern Power Grid

To examine technical feasibility of transmission network structure of China Southern Power Grid in the year 2010,based on the network structure of multi-infeed system containing five DC transmission lines,i.e.,the ±800 kV DC transmission line from Yunnan to Guangdong with rated capacity of 5 000 MW,the HVDC transmission line called Gui-Guang No.1 from Guizhou to Guangdong with capacity of 3 000 MW,the HVDC transmission line called Gui-Guang No.2 from Guizhou to Guangdong with capacity of 3 000 MW,the HVDC transmission line from Three Gorges to Guangdong with capacity of 3 000 MW and the HVDC transmission line from Tianshengqiao to Guangdong with capacity of 1 800 MW,under high water and heavy load operation mode a dynamic equivalent scheme for the year 2010 is proposed.By use of EMTDC program a research model for multi-feed system is built,and using this model the dynamic performance of AC/DC system and interaction between AC and DC system are researched under the condition of single fault or severe fault occurred in Guangdong AC system that is the landing point of above-mentioned five DC transmission lines,emergency outage of ±800 kV DC transmission line due to bipolar DC blocking and failures of ±800 kV DC transmission line.Research results show that as for system security and stability this network structure is feasible.
$$CO_2$$: Design Fault-Tolerant Relay Node Deployment Strategy for Throwbox-Based DTNs

Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are not like the Internet, where contemporaneous connectivity among all nodes is always available. We need to design a new relay node deployment strategy, which can make DTNs more reliable and fault-tolerant. In this paper, we propose a fault-tolerant relay node deployment strategy for throwbox-based DTNs. It employs an approximation algorithm to choose throwbox placement locations, and to construct a 2-COnnected DTN, called \(CO_2\), where each mobile node can communicate with at least two relay nodes within its activity scope. Simulation results based on Tuscaloosa bus transit system have shown its effectiveness and high efficiency when compared to two types of popular relay node deployment strategies in the literature.
Abstract B28: Spatial analysis of socioeconomic status and breast cancer stage in Louisiana

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Louisiana women; in 2007 approximately 3,800 cases and 730 deaths will be reported. Recent data from the Louisiana Tumor Registry indicates that the age-adjusted mortality rate for black women in LA shows significant excess when compared to white women in LA (36% higher) and black women throughout the U.S. (16% higher). Methods: Women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1996 and 2004 were identified from the Louisiana Tumor Registry database. Information about breast cancer diagnosis, such as stage, race (black, white only), age and the woman9s address of residence at the time of diagnosis were ascertained. Geographic and population data for LA census tracts was obtained from the US Census Bureau9s population files. Reference databases for geocoding were built from the newly released Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/line shapefiles. ArcSDE address locators for each Louisiana parish were built from these reference databases and patient addresses geocoded to census tract and latitude and longitude. The Spatial Scan Statistic developed by Kulldorf was utilized to identify geographic areas with significantly elevated rates of women diagnosed with late stage breast cancer in Louisiana between 1996 and 2004. Breast cancer incidence rates were modeled using SatScan. The identified areas were mapped using ArcGIS. The identified areas were characterized using area based measures derived from the 2000 U.S. Census data. Results: Results from the SatScan Poisson models for white & black women revealed three clusters of census tracts with significantly elevated or decreased breast cancer incidence as estimated by the spatial scan statistic. Two clusters were statistically significant in terms of an excess risk of late stage breast cancer. One cluster was associated with an almost seven fold increase rate of late stage breast cancer among white women relative to white women in the other regions of the state. This region may be characterized be a younger female population with a greater proportion of white females below poverty, than the state of LA overall Conclusions: This approach has profound implications for identifying vulnerable populations at the highest risk for late stage disease and to guide future breast cancer control efforts. Further, the methodology may be applicable to other cancers that are amenable to large scale screening efforts. Identifying communities with lower rates of screening or advanced stage cancers are critical first steps toward cancer control.
Cognitive Control Processes Underlying Individual Differences in Self-Control

Abstract The strength model suggests that individual differences in the strength of self-control lead to benefits across many domains. In the current chapter, we review research that has employed an alternative cognitive control framework to understand these individual differences. This leads to three conclusions that would not be apparent from the classic strength model. First, individual differences in self-control are not entirely consistent across different domains. Domain-specific differences in motivation can lead to better or worse self-control than a person exhibits in other areas of life. Second, individual differences in monitoring are critical to self-control. If a person never notices the need for self-control, self-control is not initiated. Third, the resources underlying self-control are not entirely unitary. Separable operations are involved in inhibition, updating, and switching. We suggest that these three insights from individual difference research may help researchers improve self-control training protocols and better understand ego depletion effects.
Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES) test: A new measure of rapid picture naming for concussion

Abstract Objective This study introduces a rapid picture naming test, the Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System (MULES), as a novel, vision-based performance measure for concussion screening. The MULES is a visual-verbal task that includes 54 original photographs of fruits, objects and animals. We piloted MULES in a cohort of volunteers to determine feasibility, ranges of picture naming responses, and the relation of MULES time scores to those of King-Devick (K-D), a rapid number naming test. Methods A convenience sample (n = 20, age 34 ± 10) underwent MULES and K-D (spiral bound, iPad versions). Administration order was randomized; MULES tests were audio-recorded to provide objective data on temporal variability and ranges of picture naming responses. Results Scores for the best of two trials for all tests were 40–50 s; average times required to name each MULES picture (0.72 ± 0.14 s) was greater than those needed for each K-D number ((spiral: 0.33 ± 0.05 s, iPad: 0.36 ± 0.06 s, 120 numbers), p t -test). MULES scores showed the greatest degree of improvement between trials (9.4 ± 4.8 s, p r = 0.49, p = 0.03). Conclusion The MULES test is a rapid picture naming task that may engage more extensive neural systems than more commonly used rapid number naming tasks. Rapid picture naming may require additional processing devoted to color perception, object identification, and categorization. Both tests rely on initiation and sequencing of saccadic eye movements.
Bcr/Abl Increases Bcatenin Protein and Activity in An ICSBP-Dependent Manner in Myeloid Cells.

Abstract 2958 Poster Board II-934 The interferon consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) is an interferon regulatory transcription factor (also referred to as IRF8). Similar to other IRF proteins, ICSBP regulates transcription of genes involved in the inflammatory response. However, ICSBP also functions as a myeloid leukemia tumor suppressor. Specifically, decreased ICSBP expression in myeloid progenitor cells results in cytokine hypersensitivity and resistance to apoptosis in response to Fas-activation or IL3 withdrawal. Consistent with function as a tumor suppressor, decreased ICSBP-expression is found in the bone marrow of human subjects with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Expression of ICSBP increases during remission and decreasing ICSBP expression is associated with progression to CML blast crisis (BC). In murine models, ICSBP-deficiency induces a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) which resembles CML. And, ICSBP overexpression blocks MPD in mice transplanted with Bcr/abl expressing bone marrow. Increased Bcatenin activity is also associated with CML-BC. However, the impact of ICSBP on Bcatenin expression or activity has not been previously investigated. In these studies, we hypothesized that ICSBP-deficiency in CML-BC increases Bcatenin-expression. In support of this hypothesis, we found that Bcatenin protein and activity were increased in myeloid cell lines with ICSBP-knock-down and decreased in cells with ICSBP-overexpression. Bcatenin protein and activity were also increased in primary myeloid progenitors from ICSBP-/- mice in comparison to wild type or ICSBP+/- mice, in an ICSBP-dose dependent manner. Expression of Bcr/abl decreased ICSBP-expression in myeloid cells and increased Bcatenin protein and activity. Also supporting our hypothesis, the effect of Bcr/abl on Bcatenin was abolished by re-expression of ICSBP in Bcr/abl expressing myeloid cell lines or primary murine myeloid progenitor cells. In each of these situations, the increase in Bcatenin protein was not due to increased expression of Bcatenin mRNA. These results suggest ICSBP influences expression of target genes involved in Bcatenin protein stability. Therefore, these studies identify a pathway by which Bcr/abl activity impairs ICSBP expression in immature myeloid cells, thereby increasing stability of Bcatenin protein and Bcatenin activity. Poor prognosis and BC are associated with Fas resistance and increased Bcatenin activity in CML leukemia stem cells (LSC). Bcr/abl activity is also associated with decreased expression of ICSBP. Our prior studies implicated ICSBP-deficiency in Fas-resistance in CML via the ICSBP target gene PTPN13. Our current studies implicate ICSBP-deficiency in increased Bcatenin expression in CML. These results suggest that decreased ICSBP expression drives multiple aspects of the poor prognosis LSC phenotype in CML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Continuity testing of lightning protection systems

The paper examines two areas of continuity testing of lightning protection systems (LPS). Firstly the testing of the continuity of steel reinforcement used as down conductors of the LPS is considered. The paper shows that diagonal testing or the continuity, from say the top right back of the building to the bottom left front of the building, has some advantage over vertical testing where the test connections are vertically one above the other. Some theoretical multi-dimensional principles of this type of testing are formulated. Secondly continuity testing of the above-ground parts of an external LPS is considered. Consideration is given to testing with an applied voltage at various frequencies. This shows that there is an advantage when the frequency is al least 10 kHz and that conventional testing using a DC source is not of much value in an LPS with a meshed air termination.
Submarine Mass Transport Within Monterey Canyon: Benthic Disturbance Controls on the Distribution of Chemosynthetic Biological Communities

Documenting mass transport within Monterey Canyon and Fan has been a focus of remotely operated vehicle (ROV) observations, sampling, monitoring, and multibeam mapping studies. These efforts indicate that major mass transport events occur within upper Monterey Canyon ( 2 km water depths) and onto Monterey Fan for ~100 years. Simultaneous efforts to document the distribution of benthic taxa observed in the video records from 668 ROV dives conducted by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) provide a uniquely detailed record of the occurrence of chemosynthetic biological communities (CBC). The combined results of these studies provide an understanding of the relationship between disturbance caused by episodic mass wasting events and the distribution of CBC. CBC are common within the canyon's axis below ~2.5 km water depth, but have not been found within the canyon's axis at depths shallower than 2 km. Moreover, CBC occur on the canyon walls at essentially any depth, primarily within young (~hundreds of years old) slump scars. The distribution of CBC provides evidence about the disturbance history of the seafloor. Major mass transport events will destroy communities that lie in their path. Erosion associated with major mass transport events can create environments to support CBC by exposing methane-bearing strata. This can happen as a result of slumping events on the sidewalls of the canyon or where major gravity flow events have excavated the base of canyon walls. Once fresh strata are exposed, geochemical conditions to support CBC will persist for a few centuries. Because CBC are composed of slow-growing and long-lived organisms, it will take decades for these communities to be established. Their existence indicates that environmental stability has occurred over a similar time scale.
Who Am I, and Who Do I Strive to Be? Applying a Theory of Self-Conscious Emotions to Medical Education

The self-conscious emotions of shame, guilt, and pride are a distinct set of cognitively complex, powerful, and ubiquitous emotions that arise when an individual engages in self-evaluation. Currently, little is known about the influence or outcomes of self-conscious emotions in medical learners. In this article, the authors present a leading theory of self-conscious emotions that outlines the appraisals and attributions that give rise to and differentiate shame, guilt, and two forms of pride. The authors then apply the theory to three relevant topics in medical education: perfectionism, professional identity formation, and motivation. In doing so, the authors present novel ways of viewing these topics through the lens of self-conscious emotion, suggest areas of future research, and outline a framework for emotional resilience training. Ultimately, the goal of this article is to highlight the fundamental nature of shame, guilt, and pride, which the authors believe are underappreciated and understudied in medical education, and to inform future empirical study on the role that these emotions might play in medical education. Additionally, from a practical standpoint, this article aims to encourage educators and learners to recognize self-conscious emotions in themselves and their colleagues, and to begin developing more resilient approaches to learning-approaches that acknowledge and confront shame, guilt, and pride in medical education.
Inhalant Allergy Evaluation in ENT Patients

The purpose of this article is to educate the reader on the current trends in the evaluation of allergic rhinitis, with a focus on inhalant allergy, in otolaryngic patients. Recent literature emphasizes the need for a thorough history and physical examination that can lead the practitioner to a clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Looking at patient cues such as allergic shiners, the allergic salute, polypoid tissue on middle turbinate, tonsillar and adenoid hypertrophy, laryngeal edema, and patients with chronic suppurative otitis media or otitis media with mucopurulent drainage may lead to further diagnostic testing. Diagnostic testing should be determined on an individual basis dependent on their particular geographic location. Negative testing does not rule out allergen sensitivity, and patients should be treated based on their symptoms.
Ultrasound Guidance for Botulinum Neurotoxin Chemodenervation Procedures

Injections of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are prescribed by clinicians for a variety of disorders that cause over-activity of muscles; glands; pain and other structures. Accurately targeting the structure for injection is one of the principle goals when performing BoNTs procedures. Traditionally; injections have been guided by anatomic landmarks; palpation; range of motion; electromyography or electrical stimulation. Ultrasound (US) based imaging based guidance overcomes some of the limitations of traditional techniques. US and/or US combined with traditional guidance techniques is utilized and or recommended by many expert clinicians; authors and in practice guidelines by professional academies. This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of available guidance techniques including US as well as technical aspects of US guidance and a focused literature review related to US guidance for chemodenervation procedures including BoNTs injection.
A Much-Needed Boost for the Dwindling Antibiotic Pipeline.

In this issue of Molecular Cell, Pantel et al. (2018) identify and synthetically optimize a novel ribosome-targeting antimicrobial from a potentially rich new source of bioactive natural products.
Queueing and related models

Part 1 Some general techniques for analyzing queuing and related models: level-crossing analysis of queues, Bharat Doshi random allocation in a waiting room problem, J. Gani dynamic analysis of matrix Lindley process with replacement, Ysushi Masuda et al reversibility and compound birth-death and migration processes, Richard S. Serfozo. Part 2 Some queuing models: feedback retrial queuing systems, B.D Choi and V.G. Kulkarni a limit theorem on the output of GI/M/00 queues, Haya Kaspi and Michael Rubinovitch a tandem fluid network with LEvy input, Offer Kella and Ward Whitt second-order properties of single-stage queuing systems, Liwan Liynanage and J.George Shanthikumar on the relationship between stationary and palm moments of backlog in the G/G/1 priority queue, M.A. Wortman and Ralph L. Disney. Part 3 Approximations and numerical analysis: inequalities concerning the waiting time in single-server queues - a survey, D.J. Daely et al an algorithm for finding characteristic roots of quasi-triangular Markov chains, Carl M. Harris approximating the distribution of the maximum queue length for M/M/s queues, William P. McCormick and You Sung Park numerical transient solution of finite Markovian queueing systems, Jogesh K. Muppala and Kishor S. Trivedi approximations of performance characteristics in periodic Poisson queues, Tomasz Rolski. Part 4 Control and inference: admission to a general stochastic congestion system - comparison of individuality and socially optimal policies, Marcello Bartroli and Shaler Stidham Jr equential inference for single server queues, I.V. Basawa and B.R. Bhat some results on inference for stationary processes and queuing systems, C.C. Heyde.
Non-Homogeneity of Growths

This chapter will be the first of three to be devoted to the relationships between a space X and its growth X* = βX\X. In order to be certain that in considering growths of Stone-Cech compactifications we will not be discussing a restricted class of spaces, we will first follow the outline of [GJ, ex. 9K] to show that any completely regular space can be expressed in the form βS\S for a suitable choice of S.
Improved assessment of intravascular Doppler coronary flow velocity profile.

Easy and safe in- vivo flow velocity studies in small coronary arteries have become feasible using a 0.014 ‘ or 0.018 ’ guidewire with an integrated Doppler probe in its tip (FloWire, Cardiometrics). Assessment of the flow velocity profile by the ratio of diastolic to systolic flow velocity (DSVR) is used as a diagnostic parameter. However, DSVR is a coarse quantifier of the flow velocity profile, and is subject to large physiologic variance and depends crucially on the quality of the Doppler signal. The aim of our study was to test parameters derived from statistical time series analysis for monitoring the quality of the instantaneous peak velocity (IPV) signal. Improvement of quantification of changes in quality and shape of flow velocity profiles by these parameters as compared to DSVR was a second goal. We investigated analog-digital converted IPV- signals and video registrations of corresponding greyscale spectra of intracoronary Doppler flow velocity signals. The signals were analyzed by using the autocorrelation function (ACF) in the time domain and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) in the frequency domain (standard time series statistics). The first minimum of autocorrelation function turned out to be very sensitive to signal quality, and Fisher's g of the periodogram was the parameter of choice for shape analysis. In 11 patients with coronary artery disease, pre and post PTCA, the sensitivity of DSVR and signal to noise ratio to changes in shape and quality of the flow velocity signals was compared to that of the new parameters. Nineteen Doppler flow velocity samples of good quality from measurements in nonstenotic vessels and 7 flow velocity tracings with visible artefacts were used to assess the value of these parameters in monitoring signal quality. By comparison with corresponding parameters in use (SNR and DSVR) a significantly improved performance of the new statistical parameters was observed with respect to sensitivity to changes in signal quality and flow profile. In view of these results and because of the short calculation time of these variables they should be used for on-line quality control and analysis of flow velocity profiles.
Psychological reactance as a motivation in psychopathy

Abstract This study proposed that among persons with elevated levels of psychopathy would be the motivational tendency to maintain or restore freedoms perceived as threatened or lost, known as psychological reactance (PR). Exploring the relationship between these two distinct characterological traits is essential to understanding the motivations of psychopaths in society, as well as clinical and forensic settings. This study also examined the relationship of PR to the three-factor model of psychopathy (i.e., egocentric, antisocial, and callous). College undergraduates (N = 169) were administered the Therapeutic Reactance Scale (Dowd et al., 1991) and Levenson's Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (Levenson, Kiehl, & Fitzpatrick, 1995) to assess these constructs. Sequential (hierarchical) regression analyses that controlled for demographics known to be predictors of psychopathy evidenced PR as a salient predictor of psychopathy, specifically the self-serving, manipulative, angry and impulsive facets. Although procedures were implemented to attempt to control for socially desirable response sets, omission of these sets did not appear to impact the results. Treatment implications are presented.
Genesis of Visual Connections in the Rhesus Monkey

The basic afferent connections of the visual system in the rhesus monkey are laid down before birth, although the process of segregation of terminals and synaptogenesis continue into postnatal period. Autoradiographic studies show that projections subserving each eye initially overlap in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGd) and in the cerebral cortex of fetal monkeys. In the LGd, retinal terminals originating from each eye become segregated from each other during the middle of the 165-day gestational period. In the cortex, axons representing each eye are intermixed in layer 4 until three weeks before birth when ocular dominance stripes first begin to emerge. This process of segregation in the distribution of geniculocortical afferents is not completed until the second postnatal month. Cortical efferents also begin to develop at the end of the first half of gestation. Corticogeniculate terminals appear characteristically wedge-shaped and topographically organized by midgestation.
The Effects of Observation Errors on the Attack Vulnerability of Complex Networks

Abstract : Identifying the key nodes to target in a social network is an important problem in several application areas, including the disruption of terrorist networks and the crafting of effective immunization strategies. One important issue that has received limited attention is how such targeting strategies are affected by erroneous data about network structure. This paper describes simulation experiments that investigate this issue.
The Beginnings of Automated Loan Decisioning During Japan’s Lost Decades: The Case of Gate Finance

Following the bursting of Japan’s “bubble economy” in the 1990s and the subsequent start of the country’s two-decade period of economic stagnation, a number of foreign companies were eager to look for business opportunities by introducing “best practices” they had successfully implemented elsewhere and adapting them to the needs of the Japanese market. The early 1990s was also the start of the global e-commerce economy, and in many cases, companies were looking for ways to leverage technologies to help them do this. Conversely, many local companies had been caught up in the speculative bubble and were now struggling to survive and needed to raise capital by shedding assets.
Mindfulness Approaches to Athlete Well-Being

The present chapter explored the application of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) to athlete well-being. Although the application of MBIs to the sport domain is in its relative infancy, there has been significant growth in recent years in terms of mindfulness research and application in both clinical and sport psychology. Based upon this research literature, the present chapter described how MBIs can be utilized to help athletes deal with sport-related stressors and improve their overall well-being. In particular, this chapter discussed how promoting cognitive defusion, acceptance, and present moment awareness can be beneficial to athlete well-being.
Acute Spinal Cord Contusion in a Patient with Multiple Upper Cervical Fractures, Parkinson's Disease, and Torticollis: Surgical Management.

Case Report. Spine surgery in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves increased risk. We describe a case of cervical myelopathy in a patient with PD, multiple fractures involving the atlas and axis vertebrae, and spasmodic torticollis. The patient was successfully treated with an upper cervical decompression and occipital-cervical (OC) fusion surgery. Strategies for torticollis reduction and successful surgical outcome are discussed. Risks and benefits must be carefully weighed when considering occipital cervical fusion in PD patients. Conclusion. Intraoperative manual reduction of laterocollis is possible after general endotracheal anesthesia, and continuous neuromonitoring is established. Use of optimizing strategies such as perioperative botulinum injections and intraoperative O-arm navigation should be considered.
Development of a machine learning algorithm to predict intubation among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a machine learning algorithm to predict future intubation among patients diagnosed or suspected with COVID-19. Materials and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed or under investigation for COVID-19. A machine learning algorithm was trained to predict future presence of intubation based on prior vitals, laboratory, and demographic data. Model performance was compared to ROX index, a validated prognostic tool for prediction of mechanical ventilation. Results 4087 patients admitted to five hospitals between February 2020 and April 2020 were included. 11.03% of patients were intubated. The machine learning model outperformed the ROX-index, demonstrating an area under the receiver characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.84 and 0.64, and area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.30 and 0.13, respectively. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients alerted by the model were more likely to require intubation during their admission (p Conclusion In patients diagnosed or under investigation for COVID-19, machine learning can be used to predict future risk of intubation based on clinical data which are routinely collected and available in clinical setting. Such an approach may facilitate identification of high-risk patients to assist in clinical care.
NATURALISTIC DRIVING: USER AND TASK ANALYSIS

Cognitive Task Analysis and methods for analyzing Naturalistic Decision Making are powerful tools that can be applied to transportation research. In conjunction with simulators, these methods allow increased understanding of real user interactions with their in-vehicle systems, and the decision processes involved in the operational aspects of driving, navigating, and using infotainment support systems. Adopting this approach facilitates investigation of driver performance under a range of workload and stress conditions, which supports future development of a prototypical model that will encapsulate the cognitive and perceptual-motor demands of driving in the presence of situational stressors under both high- and low-workload conditions.
Opportunities for Partnership in Local Food Procurement: Mississippi Delta Schools

Objectives Procuring food for school meals is costly in a region like the fertile MS Delta. Hence, efforts to procure foods locally may yield substantial benefits in terms of economic return to the area and positive impacts on children's diets. The objective of this study was to determine food procurement amounts in two Mississippi Delta school districts, one participating in the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) and illustrate potential economic impacts of purchasing local.
Hyperspectral Pansharpening Based on Improved Deep Image Prior and Residual Reconstruction.

Hyperspectral pansharpening aims to synthesize a low-resolution hyperspectral image (LR-HSI) with a registered panchromatic image (PAN) to generate an enhanced HSI with high spectral and spatial resolution. Recently proposed HS pansharpening methods have obtained remarkable results using deep convolutional networks (ConvNets), which typically consist of three steps: (1) up-sampling the LR-HSI, (2) predicting the residual image via a ConvNet, and (3) obtaining the final fused HSI by adding the outputs from first and second steps. Recent methods have leveraged Deep Image Prior (DIP) to up-sample the LR-HSI due to its excellent ability to preserve both spatial and spectral information, without learning from large data sets. However, we observed that the quality of up-sampled HSIs can be further improved by introducing an additional spatial-domain constraint to the conventional spectral-domain energy function. We define our spatial-domain constraint as the $L_1$ distance between the predicted PAN image and the actual PAN image. To estimate the PAN image of the up-sampled HSI, we also propose a learnable spectral response function (SRF). Moreover, we noticed that the residual image between the up-sampled HSI and the reference HSI mainly consists of edge information and very fine structures. In order to accurately estimate fine information, we propose a novel over-complete network, called HyperKite, which focuses on learning high-level features by constraining the receptive from increasing in the deep layers. We perform experiments on three HSI datasets to demonstrate the superiority of our DIP-HyperKite over the state-of-the-art pansharpening methods. The deployment codes, pre-trained models, and final fusion outputs of our DIP-HyperKite and the methods used for the comparisons will be publicly made available at this https URL.
Greedy initialization for distributed persistent monitoring in network systems

Abstract This paper considers the optimal multi-agent persistent monitoring problem defined for a team of agents on a set of nodes (targets) interconnected according to a fixed network topology. The aim is to control this team so as to minimize a measure of overall node state uncertainty evaluated over a finite time interval. A class of distributed threshold-based parametric controllers has been proposed in prior work to control agent dwell times at nodes and next-node destinations by enforcing thresholds on the respective node states. Under such a Threshold Control Policy (TCP), an on-line gradient technique was used to determine optimal threshold values. However, due to the non-convexity of the problem, this approach often leads to a poor local optima highly dependent on the initial thresholds used. To overcome this initialization challenge, we develop a computationally efficient off-line greedy technique based on the asymptotic analysis of the network system. This analysis is then used to generate a high-performing set of initial thresholds. Extensive numerical results show that such initial thresholds are almost immediately (locally) optimal or quickly lead to optimal values. In all cases, they perform significantly better than the locally optimal solutions known to date.
Successful Orthotopic Heart Transplantation in Patient With Anti-U Antibody.

OBJECTIVE The U (universal) antigen is part of the MNS blood group present at a frequency of nearly 100% in Caucasians and 98% of African Americans. The anti-U antibody is clinically significant and has been reported to cause hemolytic transfusion reactions and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn. METHODS Routine forward and backward typing, direct antiglobulin testing, and an antibody screen were performed. In addition, red blood cell phenotype and adsorption studies were also performed. RESULTS The patient was found to have a rare anti-U antibody, rendering all available inventory in our hospital incompatible for transfusion. CONCLUSION This is the first reported case of solid organ transplantation in a patient with an anti-U alloantibody. Appropriate pretransplant evaluation and coordination between the clinical team and transfusion medicine service must be optimized to procure rare packed red blood cell units in a timely manner.
Bilateral Agreements and Litigations

Bilateral agreements (or treaties) are, by far, the most popular and resilient mechanism for resolving international water conflicts. Of the 145 water-related treaties that govern the 263 international river basins, 86% (124) are bilateral and only 14% (21) are multilateral (Abukhater and Sanders 2010).
Cytosolic Ca2+ buffering determines the intra-SR Ca2+ concentration at which cardiac Ca2+ sparks terminate

2+ spark Ryanodine receptor Ca 2+ -induced Ca 2+ release Confocal microscopy a b s t r a c t