cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes After Radiofrequency Ablation for T1 Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abstract Background Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is used to obtain local control of small renal masses. However, available long-term oncologic outcomes for RFA of RCC are limited by small numbers, short follow-up, and lack of pathologic diagnoses. Objective To assess the oncologic effectiveness of RFA for the treatment of biopsy-proven RCC. Design, setting, and participants Exclusion criteria included prior RCC or metastatic RCC, familial syndromes, or T2 RCC. We retrospectively reviewed long-term oncologic outcomes for 185 patients with sporadic T1 RCC. Median follow-up was 6.43 yr (interquartile range [IQR]: 5.3–7.7). Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare proportions and medians, respectively. Disease-specific survival and overall survival (OS) were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, then stratified by tumor stage, and comparisons were made using log-rank analysis. The 5-yr disease-free survival (DFS) and OS rates are reported. A p value Results and limitations Median tumor size was 3cm (IQR: 2.1−3.9cm). Tumor stage was T1a: 143 (77.3%) or T1b: 42 (22.7%). Twenty-four patients (13%) were retreated for residual disease. There were 12 local recurrences (6.5%), 6 recurrences in T1a disease (4.2%) and 6 in T1b disease (14.3%) ( p =0.0196). Median time to recurrence was 2.5 yr. Local salvage RFA was performed in six patients, of whom five remain disease free at 3.8-yr median follow-up. Tumor stage was the only significant predictor of DFS on multivariate analysis. At last follow-up, 164 patients (88.6%) were disease free (T1a: n =132 [92.3%]; T1b: n =32 [76.2%]; p =0.0038). OS was similar regardless of stage ( p =0.06). Five patients developed metachronous renal tumors (2.7%). Four patients developed extrarenal metastases (2.2%), three of whom died of metastatic RCC (1.6%). Conclusions In poor surgical candidates, RFA results in durable local control and low risk of recurrence in T1a RCC. Higher stage correlates with a decreased disease-free survival. Long-term surveillance is necessary following RFA. Patient selection based on tumor characteristics, comorbid disease, and life expectancy is of paramount importance.
Evidence that a B12-Adenosyl Transferase Is Encoded within the Ethanolamine Operon of Salmonella enterica

Adenosylcobalamin (Ado-B12) is both the cofactor and inducer of ethanolamine ammonia lyase (EA-lyase), a catabolic enzyme for ethanolamine. De novo synthesis of Ado-B12 by Salmonella enterica occurs only under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, aerobic growth on ethanolamine requires import of Ado-B12 or a precursor (CN-B12 or OH-B12) that can be adenosylated internally. Several known enzymes adenosylate corrinoids. The CobA enzyme transfers adenosine from ATP to a biosynthetic intermediate in de novo B12 synthesis and to imported CN-B12, OH-B12, or Cbi (a B12 precursor). The PduO adenosyl transferase is encoded in an operon (pdu) for cobalamin-dependent propanediol degradation and is induced by propanediol. Evidence is presented here that a third transferase (EutT) is encoded within the operon for ethanolamine utilization (eut). Surprisingly, these three transferases share no apparent sequence similarity. CobA produces sufficient Ado-B12 to initiate eut operon induction and to serve as a cofactor for EA-lyase when B12 levels are high. Once the eut operon is induced, the EutT transferase supplies more Ado-B12 during the period of high demand. Another protein encoded in the operon (EutA) protects EA-lyase from inhibition by CN-B12 but does so without adenosylation of this corrinoid.
A bivariate meta-Gaussian density for use in hydrology

Convenient bivariate densities found in the literature are often unsuitable for modeling hydrologic variates. They either constrain the range of association between variates, or fix the form of the marginal distributions. The bivariate meta-Gaussian density is constructed by embedding the normal quantile transform of each variate into the Gaussian law. The density can represent a full range of association between variates and admits arbitrarily specified marginal distributions. Modeling and estimation can be decomposed into i) independent analyses of the marginal distributions, and ii) investigation of the dependence structure. Both statistical and judgmental estimation procedures are possible. Some comparisons to recent applications of bivariate densities in the hydrologic literature motivate and illustrate the model.
Ionic N–B–N- and B–N–B-Substituted Benzene Analogues: A Theoretical Analysis

Calculations are presented on six-π-electron N–B–N- and B–N–B-substituted benzene rings, [C3BN2H6]+ and [C3NB2H6]−, and their isomers. These compounds display a wide range of thermodynamic stability in those molecules, with N–B–N connectivity favored strongly in the cation, B–N–B in the anion. That stability order is easily understood using the charge distribution in a benzene polarized by heteroatom substitutions or the underlying allyl anion and cation. Deprotonation at N in [C3BN2H6]+ leads to a set of BN-substituted pyridines. The calculations predicted three B–N-substituted pyridines clearly more stable thermodynamically than those synthesized so far. The order of stability of the B–N–B-substituted benzenoid systems, which are as yet not well known experimentally, shows similar features. We investigated in a preliminary way the reactivity and potential stabilization by substitution of the energetically most stable structures and by examining possible escape routes by dimerization. Our study suggests ...
Recoil considerations for railguns

The firing of any gun, electromagnetic or otherwise, imparts substantial momentum to the launcher, and ultimately the weapon platform. The objectives of the future combat system program call for similar lethality to a current heavy tank on an extremely lightweight vehicle of nominally twenty tons. Prior experience with the M551 Sheridan, a light tank first put into production by the United States in 1966, raises concern that firing large caliber armaments from light vehicles may result in unacceptable crew discomfort and vehicular reaction during recoil. It is the purpose of this paper to provide a future combat system armament integration perspective for railgun recoil.
Stability analysis for liquid water accumulation in low temperature fuel cells

In this paper we analyze the stability and two-phase dynamics of the equilibrium water distributions inside the porous media of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell gas diffusion layer (GDL), which is described with first and second-order parabolic partial differential equations (PDE). A Lyapunov function-based stability criterion is implemented for the liquid mass continuity PDE, while physics and math-based arguments are used to demonstrate a key range of liquid distribution that cannot attain equilibrium. The quantity of water within the fuel cell directly affects performance, efficiency, and durability. High membrane humidity is desirable for proton conductivity, yet excess liquid water in the anode has been experimentally shown to be a cause of output voltage degradation. We identify the unstable state(s) representing unbounded growth of liquid water and show that stabilization of channel water mass is sufficient for a stable liquid distribution.
Universal codes with finite block lengths

Following Root and Varaiya's compound channel coding theorem, we examine the performance limit of codes with finite block length under a compound channel. Although the theorem promises a uniform convergence of the probability of error for individual channels when the block length approaches infinity, the performance can differ considerably with finite block length. The compound channel theorem is applied to the design of universal codes for periodic erasure channels and MIMO channels. Design criteria are proposed in both cases.
Slow-wave bandpass filters using ring or stepped-impedance hairpin resonators

This paper proposes a new class of slow-wave bandpass filters that uses a microstrip line periodically loaded with microstrip ring or stepped-impedance hairpin resonators. The new slow-wave periodic structures utilize the parallel and series resonance characteristics of the resonators to construct a bandpass filter. Unlike conventional slow-wave filters, the proposed bandpass filters are designed to produce a narrow passband at the fundamental mode of the resonators. The new filters provide lower insertion loss than that of parallel- or cross-coupled ring and stepped-impedance hairpin bandpass filters. The calculated frequency responses of the filters agree well with experiments.
Optoelectronic exclusive-OR (XOR) gate

An optoelectronic circuit that implements the exclusive-OR (XOR) logic function is described. The circuit uses two unmatched heterojunction phototransistors and a light amplifying optical switch (LAOS) monolithically integrated on an InGaAs/InP wafer grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. The circuit was operated from DC up to the limit of the probe stand (90 kHz). The ease of operation and high ON/OFF contrast ratio (>50) make this XOR gate ideal for applications that require optical binary comparison or addition. >
Thermoacoustic excitation of sonar projector plates by free-standing carbon nanotube sheets

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) generate smooth-spectra sound over a wide frequency range (1–105 Hz) by means of thermoacoustics (TA). The protective encapsulation of CNT sheets in inert gases between rigid vibrating plates provides resonant features in the TA sound projector. The vibrational modes of plates and the compliance of the soft sealing spacers between those plates are studied with the aim of creating efficient, tunable underwater sound generation at relatively low frequencies, 10 Hz–10 kHz.
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast from a single-center cohort

Abstract Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the breast is a rare breast tumor, comprising less than 1% of breast adenocarcinomas. Histopathologically, it is estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2-negative (i.e., triple negative) but has a more indolent course than typical triple negative breast cancers. Most of what is known regarding ACC of the breast's treatment and prognosis is from case reports and case series. This case series reports a single institution's experience with ACC. Between 2003 and 2014, seven patients were found to have ACC of the breast. Most (6 of 7 cases) presented as a mammogram abnormality on routine screening. One patient was lost to follow up after initial diagnosis. All six patients underwent lumpectomy, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), and adjuvant radiation. None received systemic endocrine therapy or chemotherapy. All of the patients are without disease recurrence at median follow up of 6.2 years (range 0.4–10). Given the generally excellent prognosis of ACC of the breast and low tumor metastatic potential, it is reasonable to withhold adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of ACC and instead manage this malignancy with local therapy.
State of the Art of Empirical Research on Ethics and Integrity in Governance

This paper reviews and assesses the body of empirical research conducted on ethics and integrity in governance with a focus on the United States. The review is structured around five major themes: (1) ethical decision making and moral development, (2) ethics laws and regulatory agencies, (3) organizational performance and ethics, (4) ethics management experiences and strategies, and (5) community, culture, and the ethical environment.
Hollywood's White Legal Heroes and the Legacy of Slave Codes

This chapter explores the portrayal of black defendants in mainstream legal cinema and draws connections between these portrayals, the legacy of slave codes, and the Supreme Court's rejection of statistical and historical proof of racism in the application of the death penalty. I focus on a sub-genre of legal cinema, what I call the "White Legal Hero" narrative. The typical white legal hero film tells the story of an innocent or otherwise righteous black male defendant facing a capital charge. He is represented by a white male "hero" lawyer who tries to overcome the racist justice system. The failure of this genre lies in the disconnect between the macroscopic findings of social scientists and moralized film narratives about individual lawyers. Studies show that racial disparities are prevalent throughout the legal system, from arrest through conviction and punishment, and eradicating these disparities will require deep, institutional changes, not the actions of one white legal hero.I argue here that white legal hero films arise from the desire of American liberals to see today's manifestations of racism as manageable and tolerable. In turn, the films' overwhelming violence numbs audiences to the institutional racism of the American criminal justice system, making this racism easier to ignore. I ground this argument in a consideration of the criminal laws of slavery and how these laws continue to exert influence. I examine the U.S. Supreme Court opinion McCleskey v. Kemp (1987), which upheld capital punishment despite evidence of racial disparities in capital sentencing. I then examine two legal hero films that arose in the shadow of McCleskey: A Time To Kill (1996) and Amistad (1997). This reading reveals how white legal hero films diminish the popular importance of the racism revealed by the McCleskey opinion, creating a context in which the opinion, despite major logical and moral flaws, seems acceptable.
Numerical study on influences of bed resettling, breeding zone orientation, and purge gas on temperatures in solid breeders

Abstract We apply coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method (CFD-DEM) modeling tools with new numerical implementations of pebble fragmentation to study the combined effects of granular crushing and ensemble restructuring, granular fragment size, and initial packing for different breeder volume configurations. In typical solid breeder modules, heat removal from beds relies on maintaining pebble–pebble and pebble–wall contact integrity. However, contact is disrupted when an ensemble responds to individually crushed pebbles. Furthermore, restructuring of metastable packings after crushing events are, in part, dependent on gravity forces acting upon the pebbles. We investigate two representative pebble bed configurations under constant volumetric heat sources; modeling heat removed from beds via inter-particle conduction, purge gas convection, and contact between pebble beds and containers. In one configuration, heat is removed from at walls oriented parallel to the gravity vector (no gap formation possible); in the second, heat is removed at walls perpendicular to gravity, allowing for the possibility of gap formation between bed and wall. Judging beds on increase in maximum temperatures as a function of crushed pebble amount, we find that both pebble bed configurations to have advantageous features that manifest at different stages of pebble crushing. However, all configurations benefit from achieving high initial packing fractions.
Metabolic Complications of Antipsychotic Therapy for Tourette Syndrome

Seventy-three children with Tourette syndrome treated with antipsychotics were monitored for metabolic and neurologic side effects every six months in a study at University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
The Construction and Analysis on Supply Chain of CBA

Through the means of expert interview and literature consultation,the insight of the status of CBA makes it possible for the research,the attempt of which is to set up series of comprehensive analysis on the supply chain of CBA players.The main purpose is to heap the favor for the wholesome and scientific development of CBA.The result shows that the supply chain,a value chain by nature,is a kind of demand and supply network assembled by multiple parties of interests.Cooperation and Coordination in between minimize cost on one hand and maximize interest and profit on the other.The dominating feature of trade in CBA is of service and entertainment,thus it is marked with low degree of industrialization.But the degree of association between enterprises is remarkably extensive.CBA clubs,the sole conducting agent of Chinese basketball industry,is also the only object of supply.The two types of physical distribution,apparent and hidden,leave no place for the others in system of CBA supply chain.The flow of information is generally reciprocal,while the capital flow represented in such a trend as it moves from the bottom to the top.Meanwhile,the mode of orchestration in the supply chain is categorized as a form of push-and-pull set.
Application of Environmental Psychology to Landscape Design and Planning

Starting from the concept of environmental psychology,the paper discussed the application of it to the design and planning of landscape,regarding its emergency as a new discipline in 1970's and the interaction of environment with human and architecture.Situation of its development in China was presented.
Renal Transplantation in Children with Obstructive Uropathy

AbstractThe outcome of renal transplantation was examined in 52 pediatric patients (mean age 13 years) whose primary renal disease was obstructive uropathy. The bladder was used at transplantation in 45 allograft recipients, 39 of whom had had a previous lower urinary tract operation or bladder defunctionalization. An ileal loop was used in 7 recipients. The 52 patients received 73 renal allografts from 58 cadaver and 15 live-related donors. Presently, 40 patients (77 per cent) have functioning allografts, 4 have returned to dialysis and 8 (15 per cent) have died. The results indicate that the outcome of renal transplantation in patients with obstructive uropathy is similar to that of other transplant recipients. Damaged and defunctionalized bladders may be used successfully in most cases. If necessary an ileal conduit is an effective alternative. Post-transplant urologic complications occur with increased frequency but with appropriate management allograft salvage and patient survival are excellent.
Capillary flow characteristics of a novel micropillar array for applications in capillary-driven two-phase cooling systems

Micro/nanopillars have attracted increasing attention as wicking structures for applications in passive capillary-driven cooling technologies. Maximizing capillary pressure and thermal conductivity are the most common methods for increasing heat removal in these types of applications. It is well known that closely packed wicking structures produce a higher capillary pressure. However, a smaller spacing adversely affects the permeability of the fluid, resulting in a reduced heat removal capability. Thus, a key challenge is how to maximize the capillary pressure while maintaining necessary fluid permeability. This paper aims to address this issue. A numerical simulation is performed to study the capillary flow characteristics of an array of mushroom-like micropillars. These novel micropillar structures have a larger spacing at the base of the micropillars to provide a higher liquid permeability and mushroom-like structures on the top surface of the micropillars with a smaller spacing to provide a greater capillary pressure. The results indicate that the performance of mushroom-like structures is significantly higher than those of standard micropillar arrays.
I’m Watching You: Cyberstalking Behaviors of University Students in Romantic Relationships

As technology has become an ever-present facet in the lives of young people, they have become reliant on it to form and maintain relationships. It has also helped facilitate negative relationship behaviors, such as the monitoring of romantic partners without their permission (aka cyberstalking). The purpose of this study is to investigate theoretical predictors of cyberstalking in a sample of university students by applying General Theory of Crime and Social Learning Theory. Results indicated that low selfcontrol and deviant peer association are significant predictors of cyberstalking, specifically attempting to log-in to a person’s social media, as well as social media presence and sex.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Digital Templating for Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Abstract Background Digital templating is becoming more prevalent in orthopedics. Recent investigations report high accuracy using digital templating in total hip arthroplasty (THA); however, the effect of body mass index (BMI) on templating accuracy is not well described. Methods Digital radiographs of 603 consecutive patients (645 hips) undergoing primary THA by a single surgeon were digitally templated using OrthoView (Jacksonville, FL). A 25-mm metallic sphere was used as a calibration marker. Preoperative digital hip templates were compared with the final implant size. Hips were stratified into groups based on BMI: BMI 40 (101). Results Accuracy between templating and final size did not vary by BMI for acetabular or femoral components. Digital templating was within 2 sizes of the final acetabular and femoral implants in 99.1% and 97.1% of cases, respectively. Conclusion Digital templating is an effective means of predicting the final size of THA components. BMI does not appear to play a major role in altering THA digital templating accuracy.
Impact of Age on Change in Self-Image 5 Years After Complex Spinal Fusion (≥5 Levels)

Background Spinal deformities that require ≥5 fusion levels are difficult and challenging for both the surgeon and patient. Corrections of moderate to severe deformities have been shown to improve patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and provide patients with a better quality of life. Self-image is an important PRO because it sheds insight into the patient's perception of health, as well as serving as a proxy of satisfaction for patients with spine deformity undergoing corrective surgery. However, with an aging population, the impact of age on long-term change in self-image is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of age on self-image 5 years after undergoing an elective complex spinal fusion (≥5 levels). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 55 adult patients (≥18 years old) undergoing ≥5 levels of spinal fusion to the sacrum with iliac fixation from January 2002 to December 2008. Patients were grouped by age: young ( Results Baseline characteristics and preoperative variables were similar in both cohorts. There were no significant differences in intraoperative variables, including the mean ± standard deviation number of fusion levels between the cohorts (young, 11.2 ±4.3 vs. older, 12.1 ± 4.0; P = 0.42). Complication rates were similar between the cohorts, with no significant differences in the types of complications (young, 29.63% vs. older, 25.0%; P = 0.77). There were no significant differences in preoperative and follow-up PROs between the cohorts. The mean ± standard deviation preoperative and follow-up self-image scores were (young, 2.35±0.58 vs. older, 2.68 ± 0.64; P = 0.51) and (young, 3.82 ± 0.63 vs. older, 3.51 ± 0.94), respectively. There were no significant differences in the change of function, mental health, or pain between the cohorts. However, the younger cohort experienced a significantly greater overall change in self-image than did the older cohort (young, 1.49 ± 0.87 vs. older, 0.70±1.14; P = 0.01). Conclusions Our study suggests that age significantly affects the perception of self-image after deformity correction surgery; with younger patients reporting a greater change from baseline in self-image after surgery. Further studies are necessary to corroborate our observed findings.
Testing the General Validity of the Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem

We exploit Japan's mid-nineteenth century transition from autarky to open trade to test Alan Deardorff's (1982) seminal and parsimonious autarky price formulation of the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem. Factor price data from Japan's late autarky period impose a refutable restriction on Japan's factor content of trade. Our data are constructed from many historical sources, including a major Japanese survey of agricultural techniques and a rich set of nineteenth century comparative cost studies. Evaluating Japan's factor content of trade during 1865-1876 under alternative theoretical assumptions about technology, we provide robust evidence in favor of the Heckscher-Ohlin hypothesis.
Saharan Heat Low Biases in CMIP5 Models

AbstractRepresenting the West African monsoon (WAM) is a major challenge in climate modeling because of the complex interaction between local and large-scale mechanisms. This study focuses on the representation of a key aspect of West African climate, namely the Saharan heat low (SHL), in 22 global climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) multimodel dataset. Comparison of the CMIP5 simulations with reanalyses shows large biases in the strength and location of the mean SHL. CMIP5 models tend to develop weaker climatological heat lows than the reanalyses and place them too far southwest. Models that place the climatological heat low farther to the north produce more mean precipitation across the Sahel, while models that place the heat low farther to the east produce stronger African easterly wave (AEW) activity. These mean-state biases are seen in model ensembles with both coupled and fixed sea surface temperatures (SSTs). The importance of SSTs on West African climat...
Abstract 415: Differential expression of therapeutic targets across tumor micro-environments and at infiltrative margins in glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM; WHO grade IV) is the most common primary brain tumor and is associated with a poor prognosis. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has revealed discrete molecular classes of GBM, raising the possibility of targeted therapies. Molecular heterogeneity across tumor microenvironments presents a challenge to targeted therapy, since effective therapies will be directed at targets near resection margins rather than those expressed in bulk resected tumor. To this end, we initiated studies to delineate spatial and temporal variations of potential druggable targets in GBM, focusing on potential protein targets at the tumor margin. By utilizing 5-ALA (5-aminolevulinic acid, an oral compound that accumulates in malignant glioma cells and is metabolized to the fluorescent agent, protoporphyrin IX) fluorescence-guided surgery of primary and recurrent GBMs in a Phase II clinical trial, we were able to precisely define perinecrotic, bulk, and marginal regions within the glioma intraoperatively in order to sample tissues for further molecular characterization. Tissues harvested from these 3 tumor regions from 5 patients were analyzed using reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analysis with 218 antibodies (Array-Pro). Relative protein levels were determined and a heatmap was generated as a hierarchical cluster using Pearson Correlation and a center metric. Forty proteins had statistically significant altered expression at the tumor margin compared with bulk and perinecrotic tumor. Among these, STAT1, STAT2, STAT3, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, EGFR, JAK2, MET, PIK3R1, and ERBB2 were upregulated at the margins and are potential druggable targets worthy of further investigation. Also upregulated at the tumor margins were NFKBIA, JUN, ZAP70, GAPDH, and CD28, whereas STAT5A, EFNB2, NTRK1, KDR, FGFR1, PTPRA, IFNGR1, and EFNB1 were downregulated at margins. Our data demonstrate significant variation of druggable targets and signaling networks across tumor microenvironments in GBM. Marginal tumor differs from bulk and perinecrotic tumor by the relative overexpression of STAT proteins, growth factor receptors, and receptor kinases. Directing therapy at networks and targets present at the tumor margin of GBM may be an effective strategy. Citation Format: Myles R. McCrary, David Gutman, William Dunn, Milota Kaluzova, Alexandros Bouros, Merete Williams, Xialong Zhang, Lee AD Cooper, Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis, Daniel J. Brat. Differential expression of therapeutic targets across tumor micro-environments and at infiltrative margins in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 415. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-415
The Impact of Fellow Consumers’ Presence, Appeal Type, and Action Observability on Consumers’ Donation Behaviors:

Many hospitality consumption experiences are shared with fellow consumers such as acquaintances, friends, or family members. Yet research examining the impact of fellow consumers’ presence on consu...
WITHDRAWN: Associations between mental contamination, disgust, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the context of trauma

Abstract Mental contamination (MC), feeling dirty in the absence of a physical contaminant, has been linked to the basic emotion of disgust. Both MC and disgust have been associated with posttraumatic stress (PTS) and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms occurring separately as well as together. However, there is no consensus on the specific ways in which these constructs interact with each other, PTS, or OC symptoms. Thus, this study sought to specify the associations between self-reported MC, disgust constructs, and OC symptoms amongst 250 undergraduates endorsing lifetime traumatic events. Results showed MC to significantly predict OC symptom severity above and beyond the effects of disgust propensity (DP) and disgust sensitivity (DS), controlling for gender, general negative affect, and PTS symptom severity, in both the large trauma-exposed sample and a subgroup (n = 49) endorsing PTS symptoms approximating DSM-5 criteria. Further, DS significantly moderated the strength of the association between DP and MC, controlling for gender, negative affect, PTS symptoms, and OC symptoms, such that higher levels of DS strengthened the conditional effects of DP on MC. These findings suggest that MC predicts OC symptom severity amongst trauma-exposed individuals, and that the interaction of disgust constructs contributes to MC in this population.
General Methodology for the Preparation of Unsymmetrical α-Linked Bisenones via Ligandless Cross-Coupling Reactions.

A stereocontrolled Stille cross-coupling reaction, involving the use of Pd2dba3, provides a general procedure for the synthesis of unsymmetrical α-linked bisenone systems. The transformation is achieved in the absence of phosphine ligands under conditions that promote the stabilization of “ligandless” palladium catalysis. The extension of these studies illustrates Suzuki–Miyaura reactions of 2-boryl-2-cyclohexen-1-one with iodide and triflate partners for the synthesis of novel electron-deficient 1,3-dienes.
Enantioselective CuH-Catalyzed Hydroacylation Employing Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids as Aldehyde Surrogates

The direct asymmetric copper hydride (CuH)-catalyzed coupling of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to aryl alkenes to access chiral α-aryl dialkyl ketones is reported. A variety of substrate substitution patterns, sensitive functional groups, and heterocycles are tolerated in this reaction, which significantly expands the range of accessible products compared with existing hydroacylation methodology. Although mechanistic studies are ongoing, we propose that CuH-catalyzed silylation of unsaturated acids occurs to access a uniquely effective acyl electrophilic coupling partner.
Deaf Culture and the Cochlear Implant Debate: Cyborg Politics and the Identity of People with Disabilities

Bodies can be articulated in a variety of politically charged ways, and recent work has introduced the cyborg as a radically new way of imagining the body. In this paper I critically examine the po...
Simian Varicella Virus

Several outbreaks of a varicella-like exanthematous disease have occurred in captive nonhuman primate populations. In each of these epizootics, the causative agent isolated from infected monkeys was determined to be a simian herpesvirus with properties resembling human varicella-zoster virus [VZV].
A Rare Case of Glioblastoma Multiforme with Osseous Metastases

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common malignant primary central nervous system neoplasm in adults. It has a very aggressive natural history with a median overall survival estimated at 14.6 months despite multimodality treatment. Extracranial metastases are very rare with few case reports published to date. We report the case of a 65-year-old male who underwent maximal safe resection for a newly diagnosed brain mass after presentation with new neurologic symptoms. He then received standard postsurgical adjuvant treatment for glioblastoma. Subsequently, he underwent another resection for early progressive disease. Several months later, he was hospitalized for new-onset musculoskeletal complaints. Additional investigation revealed new metastatic osseous lesions which were initially felt to be a new malignancy. The patient opted for supportive care and died 12 days later. Despite choosing no treatment, he elected to undergo a bone biopsy to understand the new underlying process. Results were that of metastatic GBM and were reported after the patient expired. Physicians caring for patients with GBM and new nonneurologic symptoms may contemplate body imaging.
Pharmacology of Inhaled Anesthetics

Inhalational agents are chemical compounds that produce general anesthesia and are delivered via inhalation. They are used in anesthesia primarily to produce a loss of consciousness, but may have other lesser effects such as muscle relaxation and analgesia. Nitrous oxide is the only currently used inorganic inhalational agent. Volatile anesthetics, including halothane, methoxyflurane, enflurane, isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane, exert their effects at multiple sites throughout the central nervous system. Each agent has its own specific chemical structure that leads to different solubilities, potencies, biotransformation, and side effects of each drug. The modern volatile inhalational agents of fluorinated ethers including isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane were introduced in the 1980s. The modern volatile agents mainly resist metabolism and make organ toxicity unlikely. As research continues, the noble gas, xenon, has a potential for future development.
Predictors and Effects of Anti-Obesity Message Fatigue: A Thought-Listing Analysis

The prevalence of messages advocating weight management has likely resulted in considerable anti-obesity message fatigue but the phenomenon remains understudied. This study examined two aspects of ...
Giant siliconoma mimicking locally advanced breast cancer: A case report and review of literature.

Abstract Introduction Silicone prosthetics are widely used for breast augmentation and reconstruction. These devices may extrude free silicone into surrounding tissue, stimulating a granulomatous foreign body reaction. The resulting mass can mimic breast cancer. Presentation of Case 71 year old female with a history of a ruptured silicone implant presents with an enlarging left breast mass. Exam demonstrated and ulcerated, fungating mass with active infection. CT scan demonstrated a 23 × 15 cm mass involving the breast and chest wall with axillary lymphadenopathy. Preoperative biopsies were inconclusive and the patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy. Pathology demonstrated a siliconoma. Discussion While benign, silicone granulomas of the breast can present similarly to malignancy and are an important differential in the diagnosis of a breast or axillary mass for appropriate patients. MRI is the study of choice and core needle biopsies cannot always establish the diagnosis preoperatively. PET scans can be falsely positive and the diagnosis requires an extensive workup to rule out cancer. Conclusion Siliconomas develop as a result of implant rupture and present with many of the signs and symptoms of breast cancer. The majority of patients should undergo surgery for symptom relief or to rule out cancer.
East African Perceptions of Barriers/Facilitators for Pediatric Clinical Research Participation and Development of the Inclusive Research Model.

Abstract Purpose This study sought to gain a greater understanding of perceptions related to barriers/facilitators for pediatric (ages 0–17) clinical research participation among East African immigrant community members. Design and Methods Community leader interviews (n = 6) and focus groups with lay members (n = 16) from the three largest East African communities in the Seattle area (Eritrean, Ethiopian and Somali) were conducted. Discussions were semi-structured based on existing barrier/facilitator research and analyzed using directed content analysis to identify major themes. Results Analysis revealed two novel barrier sub-themes: inadequate interpretation and translation of information even when services were available and a lack of adequate vocabulary in preferred languages. Participants also confirmed previously identified logistical barriers/facilitators (lack of knowledge regarding clinical research; time, cost, transportation, and child care challenges; providing incentives) and psychosocial barriers/facilitators (mistrust of research; cultural and/or religious differences; connecting benefits to the community; involving religious/community leaders or organizations and including community members on the research team; transparency in the research process; presenting results to the community) for clinical research participation among underrepresented groups. Conclusion Perceptions of barriers/facilitators for pediatric clinical research participation among East African immigrants identified two novel sub-themes and confirmed those previously described by other underrepresented communities. Practice Implications To facilitate more inclusive research participation, researchers, nurses and other health care providers might consider ensuring adequate time for discussion of the research study and process, engaging the community in the research process, employing lay reviews of translated materials and/or oral consent processes, and other strategies outlined in the Inclusive Research Model.
PHOTO-EXCITATION EFFECTS IN MOLECULES CONCEALED IN NORMAL ACTION SPECTRA

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses a new phenomenon in excited states of molecules. Biprotonic photoautomerism is a new phenomenon in excited states of molecules. This is an excited-state tautomerization that occurs only if a cooperative transfer of a proton can occur between two hydrogen-bonded species. In the excited state of the H-bonded dimer, a proton goes over from the pyrrole nitrogen to the pyridine nitrogen and the fluorescence changes from violet to green. The dimer of the 7-azaindole is a double hydrogen-bonded dimer, called the 7-azaindole-pairing, pairing that is also found in adenine crystals but not naturally in DNA. It seems possible that a very fast tautomerization in the excited state could be occurring, associated with the purine–pyrimidine hydrogen bonding and not with excimer formation between adjacent based pair components. This could be an important phenomenon in the photochemistry of hydrogen-bonded species.
Long-Term Tamoxifen Therapy: An Appropriate Chemosuppressive Treatment for Breast Cancer

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex®) is a non-steroidal antioestrogen and the first-line endocrine therapy for breast cancer [1–3]. The drug has proved to have efficacy as an adjuvant in node-positive disease [3,4] and increasing numbers of node-negative breast cancer patients are being treated with tamoxifen [5]. A remarkable feature of treatment with tamoxifen is the low incidence of side effects [1,3]. These clinical observations and the large body of evidence from the laboratory [6,7] have focussed clinical attention on long-term, or indefinite (treatment until relapse), adjuvant tamoxifen therapy [5,8–10].
Sleep-Disordered Breathing Preliminary Natural History and Mortality Results

Although the description of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) appeared as far back as 1877 (Lavie, 1984), clinicians first began recognizing it as a serious problem only some thirty years ago (Guilleminault and Dement, 1978). SDB is described as respiratory cessation (apnea) or a decrease in the amplitude of respiration (hypopnea) during sleep. Clinically, there are often hundreds of apneas and hypopneas seen during the night, accompanied by drops in oxygen saturation levels. The apneas and hypopneas are followed by brief arousals (awakenings) that allow respiration to resume. Given this pattern, many clinical patients are unable to sleep and breathe at the same time.
Color coding patient medications.

"When I first met Mr. K, he had just been discharged from the hospital, where he was treated for congestive heart failure. This was his third admission this year--his physician thought he might not be taking his medications correctly. The doctor had referred him to our home care agency for instructions in taking his medications and for cardiopulmonary assessment." A home care nurse explains how she developed a simple medication coding method to ensure an elderly patient's independence--and health.
Is Sex Work Sex or Work? Forming Collective Identity in Bangalore

While sex worker activism grows increasingly vibrant around the world, the forms and practices of sex work vary widely, and are often secret. How do sex workers come to see themselves as sex worker activists? What tensions emerge in the formation of collective identity within sex worker activist organizations, especially when the term “sex work” has often traveled linked to transnational organizations and funding? To answer these questions, this article analyzes in-depth interviews and participant observation on sex worker activism in Bangalore, India. Focusing on an organization I call the Union, I argue that it was first within the “shop floor” of transnationally funded HIV prevention organizations, and then within the activist work of the Union, that sex workers came to identify collectively as activists at a large scale. However, distinct configurations of practice among gendered groups of sex workers in Bangalore meant each group related differently to the formation of a sex worker activist collective identity. Two aspects of sex workers’ practice emerged as particularly central: varying experiences of sex work as “sex” or as “work,” and varying levels of anonymity and visibility in public spaces. Organizing through transnationally funded HIV prevention programs helped solidify these categories of differentiation even as it provided opportunities to develop shared self-hood.
An unsupervised deep learning framework with variational autoencoders for genome-wide DNA methylation analysis and biologic feature extraction applied to breast cancer

Recent advances in deep learning, particularly unsupervised approaches, have shown promise for furthering our biological knowledge through their application to gene expression datasets, though applications to epigenomic data are lacking. Here, we employ an unsupervised deep learning framework with variational autoencoders (VAEs) to learn latent representations of the DNA methylation landscape from three independent breast tumor datasets. Through interrogation of methylation-based learned latent dimension activation values, we demonstrate the feasibility of VAEs to track representative differential methylation patterns among clinical subtypes of tumors. CpGs whose methylation was most correlated VAE latent dimension activation values were significantly enriched for CpG sparse regulatory regions of the genome including enhancer regions. In addition, through comparison with LASSO, we show the utility of the VAE approach for revealing novel information about CpG DNA methylation patterns in breast cancer.
Music Technology and the Project Studio: Synthesis and Sampling

Music Technology and the Project Studio: Synthesis and Sampling provides clear explanations of synthesis and sampling techniques and how to use them effectively and creatively. Starting with analog-style synthesis as a basic model, this textbook explores in detail how messages from a MIDI controller or sequencer are used to control elements of a synthesizer to create rich, dynamic sound. Since samplers and sample players are also common in today’s software, the book explores the details of sampling and the control of sampled instruments with MIDI messages. This book is not limited to any specific software and is general enough to apply to many different software instruments. Overviews of sound and digital audio provide students with a set of common concepts used throughout the text, and "Technically Speaking" sidebars offer detailed explanations of advanced technical concepts, preparing students for future studies in sound synthesis. Music Technology and the Project Studio: Synthesis and Sampling is an ideal follow-up to the author’s An Introduction to Music Technology, although each book can be used independently. The Companion Website includes: Audio examples demonstrating synthesis and sampling techniques Interactive software that allows the reader to experiment with various synthesis techniques Guides relating the material in the book to various software synthesizers and samplers Links to relevant resources, examples, and software
Legal Issues and Documentation

The investigation of suspected child abuse is a multidisciplinary effort; police officers, child protective services (CPS) workers, prosecutors, and healthcare professionals all have vital roles to play in the identification and protection of the abused child. There are tensions inherent in the multidisciplinary approach. Professionals must maintain their distinct roles and perform individual responsibilities while recognizing that their actions have a great impact on the efficacy of the investigative effort. Because physicians, nurses, hospital social workers, and paramedics are often the first professionals to have contact with the abused child and his or her family, healthcare providers become crucial participants in the gathering of information for the investigation and potential prosecution of the perpetrator. The safety of a child often depends on the healthcare provider’s awareness of the information needed by law enforcement officials and prosecutors to identify and prosecute the perpetrator successfully.
Alcoholic Hepatitis Syndrome: Prognosis and Course

The alcoholic hepatitis syndrome is a disease that is relatively easy to define for groups of patients. It is much more difficult to define for individual patients. This acute disorder of the liver is characterized by a history of excessive alcohol intake, by jaundice and hepatomegaly, and by laboratory abnormalities that include increased serum aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity and leukocytosis composed largely of neutrophils. Prolongation of prothrombin time is common. Fever, ascites, and splenomegaly are often present. Abdnominal pain and anorexia occur frequently.
A Model of Mediated Social Connections

A model of mediated social connections is explored as a contemporary extension of imaginary social relationships based on parasocial interaction with digital media. The chapter looks historically at the notion of celebrity, fame and media figures and uses as the starting point the theoretical model of imaginary social relationships proposed by John Caughey and the process of parasocial interaction developed by Horton and Wohl. The chapter provides an understanding of how these theoretical concepts may be applied to a world in which digital media change our relationship, not only to technologies but also to ways we connect to people we may admire, like, love or perhaps hate—people we know about, but really do not know.
We Are Family, or Are We? An Activity on Identifying Differences in Attachment Styles and Family Communication Patterns through Music Media.

This piece builds upon literature using media to teach not only college students in economics, social justice, and sociology, but also those college students in family and interpersonal communicati...