cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
A fast persistence-based segmentation of noisy 2D clouds with provable guarantees

We design a new fast algorithm to automatically segment a 2D cloud of points into persistent regions. The only input is a dotted image without any extra parameters, say a scanned black-and-white map with almost closed curves or any image with detected edge points. The output is a hierarchy of segmentations into regions whose boundaries have a long enough life span (persistence) in a sequence of nested neighborhoods of the input points. We give conditions on a noisy sample of a graph, when the boundaries of resulting regions are geometrically close to original cycles in the unknown graph.
Isoprene NO3 Oxidation Products from the RO2 + HO2 Pathway.

We describe the products of the reaction of the hydroperoxy radical (HO2) with the alkylperoxy radical formed following addition of the nitrate radical (NO3) and O2 to isoprene. NO3 adds preferentially to the C1 position of isoprene (>6 times more favorably than addition to C4), followed by the addition of O2 to produce a suite of nitrooxy alkylperoxy radicals (RO2). At an RO2 lifetime of ∼30 s, δ-nitrooxy and β-nitrooxy alkylperoxy radicals are present in similar amounts. Gas-phase product yields from the RO2 + HO2 pathway are identified as 0.75–0.78 isoprene nitrooxy hydroperoxide (INP), 0.22 methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) + formaldehyde (CH2O) + hydroxyl radical (OH) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and 0–0.03 methacrolein (MACR) + CH2O + OH + NO2. We further examined the photochemistry of INP and identified propanone nitrate (PROPNN) and isoprene nitrooxy hydroxyepoxide (INHE) as the main products. INHE undergoes similar heterogeneous chemistry as isoprene dihydroxy epoxide (IEPOX), likely contributing to atmosph...
Public environmental concern in China: Determinants and variations

Abstract How much are Chinese people and various citizen groups concerned about the environment relative to other major public problems? What are the key factors and to what extent do these factors shape individual Chinese environmental concern? Based on a micro-macro model and a county fixed model proposed in this study, we employ nationwide representative public opinion survey data and provincial statistics to examine the determinants and variations of public environmental concern in China. The data shows that environmental concern is not among the top-ranked issue concerns in China overall, but in the urban areas and in the east-coastal region environmental protection features as a rather important issue. Our regression analyses further demonstrate that the Chinese environmental concern is significantly affected by both micro-level socio-demographic variables and macro-level regional economic conditions and environmental risks. In the east-coastal region, such individuals as urbanites with high income are most environmentally concerned. There is a lack of concern over environmental issues among the public in the west region, where little association between individual sociodemographics and their environmental concern is detected. In the central-northeast region, education effect is evident in the rural area. Location contextual factors such as economic development and environmental risk account for most of the observed variations in public environment concern.
The Necessity of High-Fidelity Simulation in Cardiology Training Programs

The past decade of graduate medical education (GME) has been marked by several major changes, including duty hour restrictions [(1)][1] and the Institute of Medicine’s landmark paper “To Err Is Human” [(2)][2]. The Institute of Medicine’s report suggested that nearly 100,000 patients died
Learning Disabilities/Special Education

Special education is one of the many foundations of response to intervention (RTI) in addition to public health, medicine, and others. Evaluation and determination of eligibility for special education services, particularly under the category of specific learning disabilities (LD), was one of the main catalysts to trigger widespread adoption of RTI. This chapter presents the research base for aspects of LD and special education in relation to the important components of RTI. Universal screening, progress monitoring, and the use of evidence-based practices (EBPs) that are implemented with fidelity are applicable throughout the tiers of service delivery characteristic of RTI. Although students with LD are included within these in an RTI system, there are some additional considerations. The research base is better developed in some areas than others, and is in a constant state of improvement. Areas for future research within each of the components of RTI are discussed as well as implications for practice from the current research base.
Heterosis in an Inter-Strain Cross of White Leghorns

Abstract INTRODUCTION WHILE there is general agreement that some degree of heterosis is to be expected from crossing different breeds, and also from crossing inbred strains of one breed, there is still much to be discovered about (1) the ways in which that heterosis may be shown and (2) the amount of inbreeding of parent strains that is necessary to induce it. This report presents some evidence on both of these points. It comes from reciprocal crosses made in two successive years between two strains of White Leghorns which, although maintained for some years as distinctly separate strains, were only slightly inbred. STRAINS CROSSED The Leghorns crossed were of the C-Resistant and K-Resistant strains which, since 1935, have been bred by the authors for resistance to leucosis and, concurrently, for increased egg production, for eggs of about 58 to 60 grams, and for a body weight of about 2,000 grams. Details . . .
Characterization of Candidate Materials for Remote Recession Measurements of Ablative Heat Shield Materials

A method of remotely measuring surface recession of a material sample in a plasma flow through emission spectroscopy of the post shock layer was characterized through experiments in the NASA Langley HYMETS arc jet facility. Different methods for delivering the seed products into the Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator (PICA) material samples were investigated. Three samples were produced by seeding the PICA material with combinations of Al, Si, HfO2, VB2, Al2O3, SiO2, TiC, HfC, NaCl, and MgCl2 through infusing seed materials into a core of PICA, or through encapsulating seed material in an epoxy disk, mechanically bonding the disk to a PICA sample. The PICA samples seeded with the candidate tracers were then tested at surface temperatures near 2400 K under low pressure air plasma. The emission of Al, Ti, V, Na, and Mg in the post-shock layer was observed in the UV with a high resolution imaging spectrometer viewing the whole stagnation line from the side, and from UV to NIR with a fiber-coupled miniaturized spectrometer observing the sample surface in the wavelength range from 200 nm to 1,100 nm from the front through a collimator. Al, Na, and Mg were found to be emitting in the post-shock spectra even before the recession reached the seeding depth - therefore possibly characterizing the pyrolysis process rather than the recession itself. The appearance of Ti and V emission in the spectra was well correlated with the actual recession which was monitored through a video of the front surface of the sample. The applicability of a seed material as an indicator for recession appears to be related to the melting temperature of the seed material. Future parametric studies will be carried out in low power plasma facilities at the University of Kentucky.
Budget Sequestration and the U.S. Health Sector

The failure of Congress and the President to agree on a deficit-reduction plan is triggering $85 billion in cuts in federal agencies and programs that will curtail many important government functions and activities affecting the health sector and Americans' health.
Computing Seeds for LFSR-Based Test Generation From Nontest Cubes

In test data compression methods that are based on the use of a linear-feedback shift register (LFSR), a seed that produces a test for a target fault is computed based on a test cube for the fault. With a given LFSR, a seed may not exist for a given test cube, even though a seed may exist for a different test cube that detects the same fault. This issue is addressed in this brief by computing seeds for LFSR-based test generation without using test cubes. Instead, the procedure described in this brief is based on the use of nontest cubes. A nontest cube for a fault must be avoided in any test or test cube for the fault in order to allow the fault to be detected. Therefore, nontest cubes do not limit the ability of the procedure to compute seeds with a given LFSR. Experimental results demonstrate the advantages that the use of nontest cubes provides, and the associated computational cost.
The Invariant σ

In this chapter we prove the Invariant Theorem of Chapter II, § 1 and deduce the three properties of σ of (II, § 1).
Research and Realization of Virtual Experiment Process with Design Based on Object Factory

The virtual laboratory based on Internet is a crucial education resource,it is important to study this laboratory system.Using the object technology of Java component,this design method based on object factory resolved to some problems effectively in virtual laboratory,such as loading,creating,and calling dynamic objects,and communicating between the heterogeneous objects.Visual tools to design experiment process and reuse of software were realized by this technology.
A survey of MAC protocols for sensor networks

In this chapter, we continue the discussion on medium access control protocols designed for wireless sensor networks. This builds upon the background material and protocols presented in Chapter 4. We first present protocols that are based on random access techniques such as Carrier Sense Multiple Access. These include the Sift protocol, the T-MAC protocol and other protocols. The second set of protocols are based on static access and scheduling mechanisms. These include the UNPF framework, T-RAMA protocols and other related protocols.
Probiotic supplementation and fast freezing to improve quality attributes and oxidation stability of frozen chicken breast muscle

The study was conducted to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation and fast freezing on quality attributes and oxidation stability of frozen/thawed chicken breast muscle. Broilers (n = 168) were fed with a basal diet or the basal diet plus 250 mg of Sporulin (three strains of Bacillus subtilis)/kg of basal diet for 45 days. Pairs of breasts were separated from chicken carcasses and randomly assigned to either slow (−30 °C) or fast freezing (−70 °C) and stored at −30 °C. After thawing at 2 °C for 24 h, half of the thawed breasts from each treatment were stored for an additional 48 h. Probiotic supplementation increased phospholipid content in breasts (P < 0.05), but substantially delayed both primary and secondary lipid oxidation products shown by the results from peroxide value and 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (P < 0.05). Further, the breasts from probiotic chicken group had a significantly lower nonheme iron content than those from control chicken group. Fast freezing significantly reduced thaw/purge loss and minimized lipid oxidation (P < 0.05). Our results suggest that oxidative deterioration and increased purge/thaw loss of frozen chicken breasts can be effectively minimized by probiotic supplementation coupled with fast freezing.
Alkali halide crystals as integrating radiation detectors

Three of the alkali halides (LiF, NaCl and KBr) have been used' as integrating crystal detectors for X and cathode rays with energies up to 3 million volts. The dosage measurements were based on the photoelectric and optical absorption characteristics of crystals colored by X-ray and cathode ray bombardment. Doses ranging from 20 to 105 roentgens were measured photoelectrically with the crystal arrangement illustrated schematically in Fig. 1 After the crystal has become colored by photon or particle bombardment, the color centers, electrons trapped at halogen ion lattice vacancies, are released by illumination in the color band while an electric field is applied. The resulting photo-currents> which drop essentially to zero in a few minures due to the space charge which builds uo in the crystal, were recorded, and the charge Q c representing the area under the photo-current curve was measured as a function of the X-ray dose, Q c increases with the X-ray dose as shown in Fig. 2 for KBr crystals.
Effect of strong coupling on Stokes shift in dye molecules

We found that strong coupling with the cavity can increase Stokes shift of the dye molecules. The experimental finding is qualitatively explained with the simple model based on the splitting of the excited state parabola.
Kenyan Girls as Agents of Peace: Enhancing the Capacity of Future Women Peacebuilders.

The role of women in peacebuilding efforts has been recognized through various international instruments that have advanced the ability of women to access the peace table. In order for women to act...
The emotional costs of computers: an expectancy-value theory analysis of predominantly low-socioeconomic status minority students’ STEM attitudes

There is a strong push to increase American students’ interest in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematic (STEM) careers. However, minority and female students remain underrepresented in t...
Kantian Universalizability and the Objectivity of Moral Judgments

In the Grundlegung zur Methaphysik der Sitten, Kant derives five conclusions that are among the fundamental fixtures of his moral philosophy. Kant concludes that (1) there is but one “supreme principle of morality”. In the penultimate paragraph of the Preface Kant states that “[t]he sole aim of the present groundwork is to seek out and establish the supreme principle of morality ’(Kant’s italics). Kant believes that we can understand more easily what that principle is, if we consider it under three different formulations, which, he thinks, are equivalent for two reasons. The first reason is that each formulation selects the same actions as being either morally obligatory, morally forbidden, or morally permitted, in complete agreement with the sound natural understanding of man. he second reason is that each for-mulation emphasizes an essential aspect of morality that is conceptually distinguishable, but inseparable from the other two. The first of these aspects is that the moral worth of an action depends entirely upon whether or not reason can sanction everybody’s doing it. This is the aspect of universality. The second aspect is that rational nature is an absolute end. The third is that autonomous agent-legislators are peers. In the process of understanding each one of these aspects, we come to understand the others and see their necessary interconnections. We also see that all three are grounded upon the same foundations.
Facilitating Student Success in Introductory Chemistry with Feedback in an Online Platform

Instructional technologists and faculty in post-secondary institutions have increasingly adopted learning analytics interventions such as dashboards that provide real-time feedback to students to support student’ ability to regulate their learning. But analyses of the effectiveness of such interventions can be confounded by measures of students’ prior learning as well as their baseline level of self-regulated learning. For this research study, we sought to examine whether the frequency of accessing a dashboard was associated with learning outcomes after matching subjects on confounding variables. And because prior research has suggested that measures of prior learning are associated with students’ likelihood to use learning analytics interventions, we sought to adequately control for learners’ likelihood to access the feedback by using a propensity score matching with a non-binary treatment variable. We administered the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire and also collected demographic information for a propensity score matching process. Users’ frequency of accessing the intervention was categorized as High, Moderate, or Low/No usage. After matching users on characteristics associated with dashboard usage (gender, high school GPA, and the “Test Anxiety” and “Self Efficacy” factors) we found that both the “High” and “Moderate” users achieved significantly higher course grades than the “Low/No” users. The results suggest learners benefited from regularly accessing the feedback, but extreme amounts of usage were not necessary to achieve a positive effect. We discuss the implications for recommending how students use learning analytics interventions without excessively accessing feedback.
An Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) analysis of hospitalization, functional status, and mortality after mechanical circulatory support in adults with congenital heart disease

Background Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) prevalence is increasing worldwide, with advanced heart failure (HF) as a leading cause of death. Limited data are available on durable mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in ACHD patients. Methods ACHD patients from the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) database were identified and propensity matched with non-ACHD patients using risk factors from the INTERMACS Seventh Annual Report. We compared these groups for the primary outcome of post-MCS mortality. We also investigated adverse event rates, functional status, and health-related quality of life. Results ACHD (n = 128) and non-ACHD (n = 512) patients were appropriately matched by baseline characteristics. ACHD patients had a longer length of stay at MCS implant (24 vs 19 days, p = 0.006) but similar rates of post-MCS adverse events and hospitalization. There were similar improvements in functional status and health related quality of life post-MCS in both groups. ACHD patients had significantly higher mortality post-MCS exclusively during the first 5 months after implant (p = 0.003) and a lower probability of receiving a transplant (p = 0.003). Risk factors for early mortality were biventricular or total artificial heart device implant and age > 50 years. Conclusions ACHD patients experience a higher early mortality after MCS but have similar adverse event rates and similar improvements in functional capacity and quality of life compared with non-ACHD patients. These data support expansion of MCS use in selected ACHD patients.
Sensibility Testbed: Automated IRB Policy Enforcement in Mobile Research Apps

Due to their omnipresence, mobile devices such as smartphones could be tremendously valuable to researchers. However, since research projects can extract data about device owners that could be personal or sensitive, there are substantial privacy concerns. Currently, the only regulation to protect user privacy for research projects is through Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) from researchers' institutions. However, there is no guarantee that researchers will follow the IRB protocol. Even worse, researchers without security expertise might build apps that are vulnerable to attacks. In this work, we present a platform, Sensibility Testbed, for automated enforcement of the privacy policies set by IRBs. Our platform enforces such policies when a researcher runs code on mobile devices. The enforcement mechanism is a set of obfuscation layers in a secure sandbox, that can be customized for any level of IRB compliance, and can be augmented by policies set by the device owner.
Dithionated Nucleobases as Effective Photodynamic Agents against Human Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells

Sulfur-substituted nucleobases (i.e. thiobases) are a prospective class of compounds for clinical and cosmetic topical phototherapies. Recent investigations of several thiobases have revealed the ultrafast and efficient population of reactive triplet states upon UVA irradiation and the subsequent generation of singlet oxygen in high yield. In this contribution, we examine the photosensitizing activities of three of the most promising thiobase derivatives discovered to date, 2,4-dithiothymine, 2,4-dithiouracil, and 2,6-dithiopurine. These derivatives are shown to decrease the proliferation of human epidermoid carcinoma cells by up to 63% in vitro, only upon activation with a low dose of UVA radiation (5 J/cm2). The generation of reactive oxygen species plays a minor role in the mode of action, suggesting these dithiobases may be effective within oxygen-deficient environments. Importantly, the photosensitized activity correlates with the magnitude of the triplet lifetime, which should guide the molecular design of next generation photodynamic agents.
Generation of a genetic map for Sorghum bicolor

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is one of the five most important grain crops worldwide, comprising the staple food source for over 300 million people in Africa and Asia (Doggett 1988). Sorghum is a very hardy plant that produces reasonable yields in locations with poor soils or limiting rainfall. In favorable environments, sorghum is a high yielding plant that has become a major feed crop throughout the developed and developing world. Sorghum is the closest relative to maize (Zea mays)and sugarcane (Saccharum species) among the major crops (Springer et al. 1989) and apparently arose as a unique species in Northeast Africa (Mann et al. 1983).
Pencils down! Phones up!: an interdisciplinary capstone project

This paper introduces the case of a new public service technology. We believe it is an ideal project for a CS capstone experience. The case is based on a text messaging mobile-phone emergency service called "E711" (or "IMOK") which forwards wellness and location information about the caller. The proposed E711 messages are delivered as guaranteed SMS packets to an emergency registry operated by a fictional public safety organization. Entries in this registry could be accessed by the public in a variety of ways. Additionally non-guaranteed SMS copies of those messages can be forwarded to family and friends. Successful implementation of this capstone project will require students to integrate concepts and skills from many different areas of the CS curriculum including web and embedded programming, networking, databases, security, and systems analysis and design.
Clean Intermittent Catheterization for Spinal Cord Injury Patients

Charts were reviewed retrospectively for 65 patients with traumatic spinal cord injury discharged from the hospital between 1972 and 1977 on clean intermittent catheterization for management of neurogenic bladders. While 54 patients were still using clean intermittent catheterization 9 had discontinued its use and 2 were lost to followup. Complete urologic followup records were available for 28 long-term clean intermittent catheterization users, with an average followup of 3.7 years. Complications seen in this group included nephrolithiasis-3 cases, cystolithiasis--3, epididymitis--4 and urinary tract infection--12. No patient had hydronephrosis or radiographic pyelonephritis. Clean intermittent catheterization appears to be a safe and satisfactory alternative for long-term management of the neurogenic bladder of selected spinal cord injury patients, since the incidence of serious renal complications is low. Factors that should be considered before long-term clean intermittent catheterization is recommended include type of neurogenic bladder, prognosis for recovery, incontinence despite medication, history of urethral trauma, host resistance, physical independence in self-catheterization, compliance and patient preference.
Local production of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in the coronary circulation is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction in humans

Background Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a proinflammatory biomarker associated with immune activation and fibrinolysis inhibition. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PA...
SEE Sensitivity Changes in ISSI DDR2 Memories

SEE evaluation of a new revision of ISSI DDR2 devices shows a significant increase in low LET SEFI behavior while SBU sensitivity increases somewhat.
FLIM, FRET and FLIRR assay for investigating the mitochondrial redox state in cancer cells (Conference Presentation)

Molecular native fluorescence (autofluorescence) can be used as a research tool to understand the underlying mechanisms of molecular interactions and cellular processes under physiological conditions in cells and tissues. Autofluorescent NAD(P)H, and flavins (FAD) are widely utilized as biomarkers for cellular energy metabolism. Tryptophan (Trp) is another endogenous fluorescent biomarker in cancer investigations. Understanding of the intricacies of an array of diseases, from cancer to diabetes to Alzheimer’s disease requires high-resolution imaging techniques such as FLIM, FRET and FLIRR (Fluorescence Lifetime Redox Ratio) for gaining insights to cellular behavior at the molecular level. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is a sensitive technique to investigate NAD(P)H, FAD and Trp in living cancer cells and tissues. The characterization of these endogenous molecules help us to understand the heterogeneous distribution of the metabolic signals or mapping of the metabolic signals in these pathologies. The traditional intensity-based redox ratio includes intensity artefacts, particularly in tissues, due to differential absorption and scattering in tissues and usage of various average excitation intensity levels at different depths. We developed the FLIRR assay, measured by discrete ROIs (1 or 2x2 pixels), mapping cellular morphology and analyzing the heterogeneous environment of the lifetime distribution in prostate cancer cells. Increasing FLIRR levels serve as indicators of changing metabolic states and increased E% between Trp and NAD(P)H was seen at various time durations upon treatment with doxorubicin.
Malware Anomaly Detection on Virtual Assistants

This work explores the application of anomaly detection techniques, specifically one-class support vector machine (SVM) and online change-point detection, to construct a model that can distinguish, in real-time, between the normal operation of an Amazon Alexa Virtual Assistant IoT device from anomalous operation due to malware infections. Despite the current absence of widespread malware for IoT devices, the anticipated rapid growth in deployment and use of IoT devices will likely attract many different malware attacks in the near future. Because of their highly specialized and, hence, predictable expected behavior, malware detection on IoT devices is not difficult given large training sets, long testing vectors, and extensive computational power. The challenge we address in this paper is to ascertain how quickly malware may be detected, i.e., the distribution on the number of system calls before a suitably high confidence decision may be made.
Selecting Technology to Promote Learning in an Online Introductory Statistics Course

Online courses are becoming an increasingly more common option for college students and technology plays a critically important role. How can an online course be taught in a way that engages the students so that they master the material just as well as in a traditional classroom? In order to help accomplish this goal, various technological packages must be chosen to bridge the gap between the traditional and online course. This chapter will discuss the technological setup of a new online Statistics course, review why the specific technologies were chosen, its implementation, and some problems that have arisen. The chapter will concentrate discussion on four areas: content building software (interactive websites), interactive communication programs (chat rooms, etc.), online grading, and the necessary computer hardware.
Marketers Never Tire of Improving Online Customer Experiences - Digital interventions by B2B Firms to improve conversion and purchase occurrences

The purpose of this research is to examine the online customer experience (OCE) and customer journeys’ process from the perspective of B2B marketers, in order to better understand the digital brand touch-points, and where journeys stall, stop or cease in B2B website settings. In turn this provides opportunities to explore intervention approaches adopted by B2B marketers to rectify these dissatisfaction issues, whilst aiming to improve relational outcomes.
Ubiquitous learning, ubiquitous computing, and lived experience

Ubiquitous learning is more than just the latest educational idea or method. At its core the term conveys a vision of learning that is connected across all the stages on which we play at our lives. Learning occurs not just in classrooms, but in the home, workplace, playground, library, museum, nature center, and in our daily interactions with others. Moreover, learning becomes part of doing; we do not learn in order to live more fully but rather learn as we live to the fullest. Learning happens through active engagement, and significantly, it is no longer identified with reading a text or listening to lectures but rather occurs through all the senses - sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. It is understandable to think that ubiquitous computing is necessary for this kind of ubiquitous learning and sufficient to make it possible. Education would certainly be easier to promote if we could simply identify some new technologies that would make ubiquitous learning occur. But in the sense presented above, the new technologies are neither necessary nor sufficient for this to happen. This chapter develops these ideas further, arguing that it is our vision for ubiquitous learning that matters most, not just the technical affordances. We need to define ubiquitous learning in a historically legitimate way, one that recognizes the possibilities presented by the new technologies without reducing the argument to a technocentric position.
446 Synchronous tumors of endometrium and unilateral fallopian tube: a rare case report

Synchronous multiple tumors of female genital tract are relatively rare comprising only 1–6% of genital neoplasms. This is a case report of a 62 year old woman with a double primary carcinoma of the endometrium and fallopian tube and is the first reported case in our institution. Fallopian tube is an uncommon tumor accounting for 0.14–1.8% of female genital malignancies. Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. In the Philippines, endometrial cancer ranks 11th in the most common cancer with 4,048 newly diagnosed cases in 2018 alone. To be able to distinguished it from a metastatic one, criteria should be fulfilled. It includes conditions such that every tumor must be malignant. The pathological type of each tumor must be different and metastases from the primary tumor must be excluded. In our case, the patient’s malignancy occurred in the uterus and left fallopian tube. The pathological types are significantly different from each other and all tumors were diagnosed at the same time, consistent with the diagnostic criteria for multiple primary malignant tumors. Herein, we present a case of a woman with a concurrent simultaneous endometrial and fallopian tubal carcinoma with different histopathological characteristics. Final pathology result was reported as synchronous stage IB, well differentiated, endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus, stage IA clear cell carcinoma, left fallopian tube. At present, the diagnosis of double primary malignancies mainly depends on clinical findings and histopathology. Criteria’s were also set to define between and synchronous and metastatic tumor.
Testing H 0 in acoustic dark energy models with P l a n c k and ACT polarization data

The canonical acoustic dark energy model (cADE), which is based on a scalar field with a canonical kinetic term that rapidly converts potential to kinetic energy around matter radiation equality, alleviates the Hubble tension found in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$. We show that it successfully passes new consistency tests in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) damping tail provided by the ACT data, while being increasingly constrained and distinguished from alternate mechanisms by the improved CMB acoustic polarization data from $Planck$. The best fit cADE model to a suite of cosmological observations, including the SH0ES ${H}_{0}$ measurement, has ${H}_{0}=70.25$ compared with $68.23\text{ }\text{ }(\mathrm{km}\text{ }{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\text{ }{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{\ensuremath{-}1})$ in $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ and a finite cADE component is preferred at the $2.8\ensuremath{\sigma}$ level. The ability to raise ${H}_{0}$ is now mainly constrained by the improved $Planck$ acoustic polarization data, which also plays a crucial role in distinguishing cADE from the wider class of early dark energy models. Atacama Cosmology Telescope and $Planck$ TE polarization data are currently mildly discrepant in normalization and drive correspondingly different preferences in parameters. Improved constraints on intermediate scale polarization approaching the cosmic variance limit will be an incisive test of the acoustic dynamics of these models and their alternatives.
Constructing the Sociology of Disability: An Analysis of Syllabi.

The sociology of disability has emerged relatively recently as a subfield in sociology and has seen growing institutionalization within the field, including the establishment of a section in the Am...
State of the art of bacterial chemotaxis

Bacterial chemotaxis is a biased movement of bacteria toward the beneficial chemical gradient or away from a toxic chemical gradient. This movement is achieved by sensing a chemical gradient by chemoreceptors. In most of the chemotaxis studies, Escherichia coli has been used as a model organism. E. coli have about 4-6 flagella on their surfaces, and the motility is achieved by rotating the flagella. Each flagellum has reversible flagellar motors at its base, which rotate the flagella in counterclockwise and clockwise directions to achieve "run" and "tumble." The chemotaxis of bacteria is regulated by a network of interacting proteins. The sensory signal is processed and transmitted to the flagellar motor by cytoplasmic proteins. Bacterial chemotaxis plays an important role in many biological processes such as biofilm formation, quorum sensing, bacterial pathogenesis, and host infection. Bacterial chemotaxis can be applied for bioremediation, horizontal gene transfer, drug delivery, or maybe some other industry in near future. This review contains an overview of bacterial chemotaxis, recent findings of the physiological importance of bacterial chemotaxis in other biological processes, and the application of bacterial chemotaxis.
Abstract P162: Butyrate, a Microbial Metabolite, Attenuates Angiotensin II-induced Hypertension and Gut Dysbiosis

Objectives: We have previously established that hypertension (HTN) is associated with gut dysbiosis in rat models and patients with high blood pressure. Gut dysbiosis was associated with an increas...
Cahokia's influence in the Yazoo Basin: a ceramic analysis of Early Mississippian features at the Carson site

Ceramic assemblages from pithouses at the Carson site in Mississippi show distinctly nonlocal trends that indicate Cahokian influence in the region. This study evaluates pottery collections from mu...
The Über-Union: Re-Thinking Collective Bargaining for the Gig Economy

America’s nearly century-old approach to employment and labor law is at a crossroads. The gig economy has re-defined work for millions of people; people who value the flexibility and freedom inherent in platform work. However, independent contractors were historically capable of negotiating their fees, working conditions, and term of contract. But most on-demand workers no longer have that power; platform companies offer contracts on a “take-it-or-leave-it” basis. The scales are tipped, and it is in the best interest of society to help re-empower the contractors involved with on-demand work. Interestingly, Uber, the very company that brought this problem to the forefront of the country’s attention, may have stumbled upon a solution. Uber’s proposed settlement in O'Connor involved funding and facilitating a Driver’s Association. Though sponsored by Uber, the group would be “comprised of elected driver leaders who can create a dialogue for further programmatic relief that comes from the drivers themselves.” Uber agreed to meet with these elected representatives “to discuss and, in good faith, try to address driver concerns.” This article suggests that these quasi-union “Contractor Associations” are the key to striking that magic balance, and giving on-demand employees a voice within platform companies.
Salivary microbiome differences in prepubertal children with and without adrenal androgen excess.

Premature adrenarche is a condition of childhood adrenal androgen excess (AAE) in the absence of gonadotropin-dependent puberty, and has been linked to insulin resistance and progression to metabolic syndrome. Microbial dysbiosis is associated with progression of inflammatory states and chronic diseases. Here, we aimed to examine the salivary microbiomes of children with AAE and assess the relationship with adrenal androgens and metabolic parameters. In a prospective cross-sectional study of children with AAE and healthy controls, adrenal and metabolic parameters were characterized and salivary microbiome was profiled using V3–V4 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing. There was increased α-diversity in AAE (5 M, 15 F) compared to controls (3 M, 8 F), with positive correlation of 11OHA4, 11KA4, testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA, and DHEAS. Subanalyses showed increased α-diversity in both overweight/obese AAE and normal weight AAE compared to normal weight controls. Genus Peptostreptococcus, Veillonella, and Streptococcus salivarius were increased in normal weight AAE. Genus Prevotella, Abiotrophia, and Neisseria were increased in overweight/obese AAE. These pilot data demonstrate differences in salivary microbiome profiles of children with and without AAE. Further studies are needed to assess the causal relationships between adrenal androgens, metabolic dysfunction, and salivary microbiome composition.
Cardiotoxicity of Cancer Treatments: Focus on Anthracycline Cardiomyopathy.

Significant progress has been made in developing new treatments and refining the use of preexisting ones against cancer. Their successful use and the longer survival of cancer patients have been as...
Predicting 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ester transformation rates in periphyton-dominated ecosystems.

Using batch cultures, we determined transformation rate coefficients for microbial transformation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE) in periphyton-dominated ecosystems. Rates of 2,4-DBE loss were measured over short periods of time (usually less than 10 h), and first-order transformation rate coefficients (k1) were determined under the specific conditions of low 2,4-DBE concentrations and no growth. Values for k1 were divided by total plate counts and by biomass measured as ash-free dry weight to give second-order rate coefficients (kb and kAFDW, respectively) for use in predictive models. Using periphyton attached to Teflon strips, we also determined second-order rate coefficients based on the ratio of colonized surface area to container volume (kA). Mean second-order rate coefficients were used to predict 2,4-DBE transformation rates in microcosms having diverse chemical and biological environments. The observed transformation rates among the microcosms were most accurately predicted by using kA.
Does Reading Moral Stories Build Character

The assumption of traditional character educators that children build moral literacy from reading or hearing moral stories is challenged based on research findings. First, research in text comprehension indicates that readers do not understand texts the same way due to differences in reading skill and background knowledge. Second, moral comprehension research indicates that moral arguments are understood differently based on differences in moral schema development. Third, moral texts (e.g., that contain embedded moral reasoning) are understood and distorted differently by readers with different moral schemas. Fourth, children do not extract moral story themes as intended by the writer.
Reversed phase HPLC analysis of α- and β-carotene from selected raw and cooked vegetables

Traditional AOAC colorimetric procedures for carotenoid analysis are known to lack specificity and accuracy. Newer HPLC methods provide the investigator with a more precise tool for carotenoid quantification in foods and tissues. In the present studies, reverse phase HPLC was utilized to evaluate the alpha- and beta-carotene content in raw and cooked leaves of lettuce, spinach and winged bean as well as in the carrot root. The vegetables were boiled or steamed and the true retention of alpha- and beta-carotene in the cooked products was determined. Boiling for 30 minutes resulted in a 53 and 40% loss of beta-carotene from lettuce and carrots, respectively. Full retention or even an increase in beta-carotene content in boiled winged bean leaves and spinach was noted. Steaming resulted in very good retention of alpha- and beta-carotene in all vegetables (83-139% retention). Thus, although cooking procedures (especially boiling) may result in oxidative loss of carotenoids in some vegetables, heat treatment increases the chemical extractability of alpha- and beta-carotene in others. The presence of carotenoproteins in some vegetables may affect the heat stability of extractability of alpha- and beta-carotene.
Neurophysiologische Grundlagen von Instinkt-Verhalten und Emotionen

An Emotionen lassen sich sowohl mentale wie physische Komponenten unterscheiden: (1) Cognition (Erkennen, d. i. Bewustwerden einer Empfindung und meist auch ihrer Ursache), (2) Affekt (das Fuhlen selbst), (3) Conation (Antrieb, d. i. der Drang zu handeln) und (4) physische Veranderungen (z. B. Hypertension, Tachykardie, Schweisausbruch). Die Physiologie befast sich vorwiegend mit den physischen Manifestationen emotioneller Zustande, die Psychologie hingegen mit den Emotionen an sich; beider Interessen treffen jedoch bei Hypothalamus und limbischem System zusammen, da man diesen Gehirnteilen nicht nur eine wichtige Rolle bei der Auslosung der physischen Begleiterscheinungen und Auswirkungen von Emotionen, sondern auch bei der Entstehung der Emotionen selbst zuschreibt.
Ion transport by heart mitochondria: XXVI. Carrier-mediated anion transport by isolated beef heart mitochondria

The uptake and release of Pi and substrate anions has been examined in isolated beef heart mitochondria. Evidence is presented that these mitochondria like those from rat liver, contain a PiOH− exchanger which is sensitive to mercurials and to N-ethylmaleimide and a dicarboxylate exchanger which is capable of exchanging Pi for Pi, Pi for dicarboxylate, and dicarboxylate for dicarboxylate. Exchange on this carrier is inhibited by mercurials and the ability of this transporter to catalyze Pi for dicarboxylate exchange in either direction is quantitatively much less than is found in liver mitochondria. It is concluded that previous indications of differences in divalent anion uptake between liver and heart mitochondria are the result of this quantitative discrepancy and do not indicate that fundamental differences in anion uptake mechanism are in operation. Heart mitochondria also contain an α-keto-glutarate exchanger and a tricarboxylate exchanger with properties analogous to the transporters described for other mitochondria, but with quantitative differences apparent in various measuring systems. These studies agree, for the most part, with the conclusions of Sluse, Meijer, and Tager (Fed. Eur. Biochem. Soc. Lett.18, 149, 1971) using rat heart mitochondria.
Measurement of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Images: Intraobserver and Interobserver Reliability

Purpose To evaluate intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of measurement of images obtained during ultrasound biomicroscopy. Methods Four anterior segment images of four normal patients were obtained by a single examiner. The measurements of three independent observers were compared to assess interobserver reproducibility in quantifying the images. Thirteen different anterior segment parameters were measured by each observer on each image. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of measurement were assessed by calculating the coefficient of variation for each individual observer and by using the F test to detect a difference among observers. Results Intraobserver reproducibility was high. Interobserver reproducibility for the measured parameters varied considerably and was affected by subjective interpretation of visualized anatomic landmarks. Conclusions The optimal parameters for quantitative ultrasound biomicroscopy require refinement. Measurements of alterable parameters are best measured presently by a single observer. Ultrasound biomicroscopy has the potential to elucidate anatomic relationships underlying much anterior segment disease, but caution in interpreting quantitative differences is warranted.
Arachidonic acid, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid and 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid: Dietary manipulation of the levels of these acids in rat liver and platelet phospholipids and their incorporation into human platelet lipids

Rats were fed diets in which the sole source of fat was either ethyl oleate, linoleate, linolenate or an equal mixture of ethyl linoleate and linolenate. The fatty acid composition of individual phospholipids from platelets and liver was compared to define how total body metabolism regulates which unsaturated fatty acids are produced and incorporated into platelet lipids for potential release and conversion to eicosanoids. The level of 20:4(n-6) in all phospholipids was not markedly altered by feeding linoleate versus that found in chow-fed controls. In oleate fed rats, the 20:3(n-9)/20:4(n-6) ratio varied from 0.5 in liver PE to 4.1 for liver PI, while ratios of 1.0, 1.1, 0.7 and 1.3 were found respectively for platelet PE, PC, PS and PI. Platelet PE contained a component tentatively identified as 22:3(n-9), which is consistent with the finding that this lipid contains significant amounts of 22:4(n-6) and 22:5(n-3) when rats received respectively linoleate or linolenate. Rats fed linolenate have a tight coupling between the regulation of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and the selective acylation of 20:5(n-3) into all lipids. The 20:5(n-3)/20:4(n-6) ratio, however, varied between lipids. In liver PE, PC, PS and PI it was respectively 4.3, 4.9, 3.8 and 0.4, while in the analogous platelet lipids it was 3.0, 4.0, 0.9 and 0.6. Feeding linolenate did not markedly elevate the levels of 22:5(n-3) or 22:6(n-3) in platelet PI, but the combined amounts of 22:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3) in liver PI were 21.2%, versus 2.9% in chow-fed controls. When the diet contained linoleate and linolenate, there was selective conversion of 18:2(n-6) to 20:4(n-6) and its acylation into lipids versus analogous metabolism of 18:3(n-3) to 20:5(n-3) and its subsequent incorporation. Again, the 20:5(n-3)/20:4(n-6) ratio was lowest for platelet PI and PS and liver PI. Washed human platelets readily incorporated 20:3(n-9), 20:4(n-6) and 20:5(n-3) into phospholipids. With each substrate, PI had the highest specific activity; this effect was most pronounced with 20:3(n-9). These incorporation studies are consistent with the feeding studies which show that oleate is converted to 20:3(n-9) and incorporated into PI more readily than the analogous metabolism of 18:3(n-3) to 20:5(n-3) and its acylation into PI, which is an important source of unsaturated fatty acids for prostaglandin biosynthesis.