cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
The Design of Position and Velocity Servos for Multiplying and Function Generation

The design of position and velocity servos used in analog computation and simulation for multiplying and function generation is considered. The important characteristics of potentiometers, gear train, motor, amplifier, and tachometer are defined and discussed. Nonlinear performance requirement, such as velocity and acceleration limits, overshoot for large step inputs, and static resolution, are defined in terms of component parameters. A minimum gear reduction ratio is determined on the basis of acceleration, frictional torque ratio, overshoot for large step inputs, or static resolution. Linear system analysis is made and related to system components and nonlinear performance; in particular, it is shown that static resolution is limited by servo amplifier bandwidth for given motor, potentiometers, and gear train. The selection of damping methods and the reduction of steady-state errors is described. An example design is considered.
A Note of Caution: The International CPA Designation.

The National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) is pursuing initiatives to make the U.S. Uniform CPA Examination more accessible to candidates outside of the United States. At the heart of their plan is a desire to ensure that the U.S.-CPA retains its position as a gold standard in the world of professional accountancy. Over the last 15 years, the author has been involved with programs directed at Japanese candidates for the U.S. CPA exam. This paper suggests that the international initiative of NABSA needs to be reconsidered from the perspective of an Asian candidate for the U.S. Uniform CPA Examination. That perspective reveals some unintended consequences for the U.S. CPA designation. This paper explores those consequences in order to draw attention to them. Any policy initiative should maintain the successful balance of education, experience, and technical examination that has created the great value and respect afforded to those with a U.S. CPA license.
Low-cost, transportable hydrogen fueling station for early market adoption of fuel cell electric vehicles

Abstract Thousands of public hydrogen fueling stations are needed to support the early Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) market in the U.S.; as of July 2014 there were 12. Government agencies are the largest investors in the U.S. hydrogen fueling infrastructure and are developing stations that cost anywhere from $1.8–$5.9 million each. To attract private investors and decrease dependence on government funding, a low-cost, mobile hydrogen dispensing system must be developed. This paper describes a transportable 700 bar hydrogen fueling station that has been designed with an off-the-shelf component cost of $423,000; less than 23% of the capital cost of current stations. The design utilizes liquid hydrogen storage and a novel cryogenic compression system which can be factory built for high volume, rapid production. These stations are contained in a standard 40 foot ISO shipping container to adapt to varying locational demand. The demand adjusted cost to sell hydrogen is estimated to be $9.62/kg. This paper presents the mechanical design and operation of the fueling station. This design won the grand prize for the 2014 Hydrogen Student Design competition and a complete report including an economic analysis and safety features is available elsewhere.
Low cost, injection molded 120 Gbps optical backplane

A low cost, blind mate, injection molded optical backplane is presented. The optical backplane consists of a 12 channel optical broadcast bus operating at 10Gbps/channel with six blind mate optical output ports spaced 1U apart.
Types of Fully Ordered Groups

(1973). Types of Fully Ordered Groups. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 80, No. 2, pp. 159-169.
Factors associated with treatment success in veterans with diabetes and hyperlipidemia: a retrospective study.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify factors related to achieving a LDL 140/90 mmHg, and/or glycated hemoglobin (A1C) >9.0%, and/or LDL >100 mg/dL. The current analysis is focused on 275 patients in either treatment group who, at baseline, had LDL >100 mg/dL. Baseline characteristics and variables obtained during the trial of the 95 patients who reached goal LDL were compared to the 180 who did not.ResultsPatients who reached goal LDL had higher rates of preexisting coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), congestive heart failure (CHF), and HMG-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) use. After adjustment for baseline LDL, preexisting CAD, CVA, and CHF increased the odds of ...
Understanding Women’s Needs for Weather and Climate Information in Agrarian Settings: The Case of Ngetou Maleck, Senegal

AbstractWhile climate services have the potential to reduce precipitation- and temperature-related risks to agrarian livelihoods, such outcomes are possible only when they deliver information that is salient, legitimate, and credible to end users. This is particularly true of climate services intended to address the needs of women in agrarian contexts. The design of such gender-sensitive services is hampered by oversimplified framings of women as a group in both the adaptation and climate services literatures. This paper demonstrates that even at the village level, women have different climate and weather information needs, and differing abilities to act on that information. Therefore, starting with preconceived connections between identities and vulnerability is likely to result in overgeneralizations that hinder the ability to address the climate-related development and adaptation needs of the most vulnerable. Instead, as is demonstrated in this paper, the design and implementation of effective gender-s...
Clinic value of B ultrasounic examination in monitoring follicle development of infertile patients

Objective:To explore clinic value of B ultrasound examination in monitoring follicle development of infertile patients.Methods:Selected 50 infertile cases.Employed B ultrasonic examination,determined level in urine,evaluated cervical mucus and monitored ovulation based on basic temperature for 121 menstrual cycles.Results:The result showed 116 cases had LH peak in urine,with accuracy rate as 96%,which consisted with ultrasonic examination.Conclusion:LH peak level in urine is valuable in anticipating ovulation.Combined with B-ultrasonic examination,it can forecast ovulation swiftly and accurately to guide the family planning,seize the best chance for pregnancy and explore the relationship of various indexes and clinic value.
Surveillance for avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in outer environment in Yongjia 325102,Zhejiang

Objective To understand the distribution of avian influenza A( H7N9) virus in outer environment in Yongjia,Zhejiang province and provide evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with H7N9 virus. Methods The samples of chicken or duck throat secreta,anus fecess,blood,wing smear,egg smear,cage smear,egg trough smear and water were collected from poultry farms,farm produce markets,slaughter houses and rural restaurants to detect H7N9 virus by using nucleic acid detection reagent kit produced by Shanghai Zj Bio-Tech Co. Ltd. Excel software was used to analyze the results statistically. Results During the 8 months surveillance,H7N9 viruses were detected in 4 months( 50%),and the viruses were detected in 7 of 68 surveillance sites( 10. 29%). The surveillance sites were far from each other. A total of1670 samples were detected,including 1138 chicken related samples( 23 were positive,accounting for 2. 02%) and 532 duck related samples( none was positive). H7N9 viruses were detected in 3 of 15 poultry farms( 20%),among the 623 chicken samples,14 were positive( 2. 25%). And H7N9 viruses were detected in 4 of 38 farm produce markets( 10. 53%),among the 355 chicken samples,9 were positive( 2. 54%). All the 26 persons with close contacts with H7N9 positive alive poultry were negative in testing of their throat swabs and no human infections with H7N9 virus were detected.Conclusion H7N9 virus circulated in outer environment. The probability of circulation of H7N9 virus in chickens was higher than that in ducks,indicating that the virus is prone to spread in chickens. The pathogenicity of H7N9 is low to humans and the transmissibility is weak.
Looking Back and Moving Forward

In this concluding chapter, I recapitulate key points of interest raised in the preceding chapters. In particular, I reiterate how unequal power relations ultimately affected language learning possibilities among marginalized individuals and emphasize the need to reconceptualize language learning through an ideology and identity lens. Such an understanding, I point out, focuses on how learners engage in acts of discursive positioning in relation to language ideologies and circulating ideologies around them. Following this overview of the book, I discuss implications of this study for second language acquisition (SLA) scholarship and emphasize how the findings are relevant to educators, researchers, and policy makers. Directions for future SLA research are also discussed in order to expand our understanding of the dynamics of language learning.
Micro-motion signatures in radar angular velocity measurements

An analysis of the micro-motion signatures in interferometric angular velocity measurements of walking humans is given, and comparisons are drawn to micro-Doppler measurements of the radial velocity of walking humans. It is shown that the interferometric radar signal is mathematically similar to that of a Doppler radar, and that the time-frequency responses of both modes to a walking human show similar characteristics. Simulations of both detection modes are shown, separating out the signatures of the torso, arms, and legs, and comparing the time-frequency signatures of the responses for both the interferometric and Doppler radars. Along with a comparison of the peak signal responses for the various body parts, it is shown that the resulting time-frequency micro-motion signatures are similar for both detection modes, indicating the potential for using developed micro-Doppler classification algorithms for interferometric angular velocity signal classification. Challenges to implementing the interferometric measurement are described, including non-linear processing effects and wide-angle frequency scaling, and recently published potential solutions to these challenges are discussed.
Vertebrate Nervous System, Development of the

This entry briefly surveys the major processes during nervous system development, from determination of polarity, induction, segmentation, neuron and glial differentiation, to migration, cell death, formation of synaptic connections, and, in vertebrates, myelination. Disruption of these events can result in neurological or psychiatric illnesses and intellectual disability. Near the end of gestation, the nervous system begins to function and this provides essential feedback that will refine the pattern of synaptic connections both structurally and functionally, and modify relationships between neurons and glia including myelination of axons. Many of these processes of nervous system development take place postnatally, and some, such as myelination, continue for several decades. This allows nervous system development to be influenced by environmental experience to optimize development according to the environment experienced during rearing. The mechanisms driving this activity-dependent plasticity persist throughout the life of the organism, sustaining a constant process of adaptation to its environment, compensating to a remarkable extent for developmental errors, disease, and injury.
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) or Alternative Fractionation Schedules

The use of hypofractionated regimens for the treatment of tumors with radiation has come full circle. After the discovery of X-rays and their utilization for cancer treatment, the initial fractionation schemes were primarily hypofractionated in nature. However, due to technical limitations and associated toxicities, more protracted fractionated regimens eventually became the foundation for modern radiation therapy. With the advance of imaging and radiation delivery systems, interest in more hypofractionated approaches was revived. Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR; also referred as stereotactic body radiation therapy, SBRT) is the most abbreviated form of hypofractionation, typically utilizing 1–5 fractions for treatment. Its strengths include high rates of tumor control via a convenient, noninvasive outpatient procedure. Toxicities related to high, ablative radiation doses still are a potential concern; however, recent clinical trials for a variety of tumor sites have shown good outcomes in properly selected patients. This chapter will discuss the potential for SBRT/SABR to improve the therapeutic response. The use of SBRT/SABR regimens to treat lesions within the lung, liver, spine, and prostate will be reviewed. Due to more mature data in regard to the safety and efficacy, cost-effectiveness of the treatment, and potential for immunomodulatory effects, SBRT/SABR has become more wildly utilized in cancer treatment.
Selective Lysosomal Transporter Degradation by Organelle Membrane Fusion.

Lysosomes rely on their resident transporter proteins to return products of catabolism to the cell for reuse and for cellular signaling, metal storage, and maintaining the lumenal environment. Despite their importance, little is known about the lifetime of these transporters or how they are regulated. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model, we discovered a new pathway intrinsic to homotypic lysosome membrane fusion that is responsible for their degradation. Transporter proteins are selectively sorted by the docking machinery into an area between apposing lysosome membranes, which is internalized and degraded by lumenal hydrolases upon organelle fusion. These proteins have diverse lifetimes that are regulated in response to protein misfolding, changing substrate levels, or TOR activation. Analogous to endocytosis for controlling surface protein levels, the "intralumenal fragment pathway" is critical for lysosome membrane remodeling required for organelle function in the context of cellular protein quality control, ion homeostasis, and metabolism.
Monitoring oocyte/embryo respiration using electrochemical-based oxygen sensors

Abstract This paper presents a disposable three-electrode, Clark-type biosensor suitable for mitochondrial respirometry in single oocytes and embryos. The biosensor was embedded in a PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) micro-chamber to allow investigation of single oocytes/embryos immersed in up to 100 μl of respiration buffer. The micro-chamber was sealed to avoid oxygen exchange between the inside of the chamber and the atmosphere, while being maintained at a temperature of 38.5 °C to preserve cell viability. Using amperometry, the oxygen consumption of cells inside the micro-chamber was measured. The measurements from the sensor system revealed basal cell respiration supported by endogenous substrates, respiration associated with proton leak induced by inhibition of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase (complex V) with oligomycin, and the maximal non-coupled respiratory capacity revealed by carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) titration. Potential applications of this oxygen sensor system include evaluating effects of metabolic therapies on oocyte bioenergetics and monitoring mitochondrial function throughout oocyte maturation and blastocyst development to predict embryo viability to compliment assisted reproductive technologies.
Analytical validation of soluble fms-like tyrosine and placental growth factor assays on B·R·A·H·M·S KRYPTOR Compact Plus automated immunoassay platform.

Abstract Background Preeclampsia is one of the leading hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Angiogenic biomarkers such as anti-angiogenic factor soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) and pro-angiogenic factor placental growth factor (PlGF) are involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Objective The aim of this study is to validate the analytical performance of sFlt1 and PlGF on the B·R·A·H·M·S KRYPTOR Compact Plus (ThermoFisher Scientific). Study design We examined K2-EDTA plasma samples from 50 patients on B·R·A·H·M·S KRYPTOR Compact Plus, an automated immunoassay platform. QC materials were used to assess intra- and inter-precision of the assay. Lower limit of quantitation and interference studies were determined using pooled patient plasma. Results The sFlt1 and PlGF assays demonstrated an analytical measuring range of 90–69,000 pg/mL and 11–7000 pg/mL, respectively (r2 > 0.99). Lower limit of quantitation (20% CV) was interpolated to be 35 pg/mL for sFlt1 and 10 pg/mL for PlGF. Total precision for both assay displayed CVs of Conclusion Plasma levels of sFlt1 and PlGF measured on the B·R·A·H·M·S KRYPTOR Compact Plus platform demonstrate excellent analytical performance and are acceptable as clinical grade assays.
Developmental Factors and Their Relationship to the Identification and Treatment of Behavior Problems of Childhood

Larry, 4 years, 4 months old, is the third child of an intact family. He was a full-term baby born after a 5 hour labor. He weighed \(8\frac{1}{2}\) pounds at birth, had a strong cry, and good color. His general health has always been good and his developmental milestones well within normal limits.
Estrogen receptors in resistance to hormone therapy.

Estrogen and its receptors α and β (ERα and ERβ) play a major role in tumor progression and approximately two-thirds of breast cancers express these functional receptors. Thus, the ER is a major target for current and developing therapies. Although most ER-positive tumors initially respond to hormonal therapies such as tamoxifen, many tumors will eventually become resistant to tamoxifen induced growth inhibition. This chapter will discuss molecular mechanisms that contribute to hormonal resistance of current therapies including ERα mutations, the roles of proliferation and apoptosis in tumor homeostasis and receptor coregulator proteins. Additionally, the role of nonclassical ERα signaling through growth factor receptors and the subsequent downstream-initiated signaling, and the role of the progesterone receptors will be discussed.
From 2D to 3D: Using geometry and group theory to model motivic structure in musical composition

In this paper, I propose to model motivic development using the concept of manifolds. Compositional space is represented by a manifold that consist of musical "charts", and the music itself is represented by a path. This concept forms the basis of my two compositions, Torus and 12 Variations on a Dodecahedron. In Torus, the idea of a path on a two-dimensional manifold in three dimensions is used to manifest different levels of circularity. In 12 Variations on a Dodecahedron, the elements in the group of rotational symmetries of a dodecahedron are represented musically by exploiting its isomorphism with the alternating group on five elements.
Management of Pain of Oral-Dental Origin: An Evidence-Based Approach

Dental management of tooth-related facial pain is well established. As mentioned in another chapter, odontogenic pain is so prevalent that pain of oral-dental origin should be presumed odontogenic (tooth-related) until ruled out (Lipton et al., J Am Dent Assoc 124:115–121, 1993). Management of tooth-related pain is amenable to randomized clinical trials due to its prevalence, standard presentation, and objective physical and imaging findings. It is the ability to do randomized clinical trials that creates the highest levels of evidence for evidence-based management.
The elephant in the room: the importance of the details of massive star formation in molecular clouds

Most simulations of galaxies and massive giant molecular clouds (GMCs) cannot explicitly resolve the formation (or predict the main-sequence masses) of individual stars. So they must use some prescription for the amount of feedback from an assumed population of massive stars (e.g. sampling the initial mass function, IMF). We perform a methods study of simulations of a star-forming GMC with stellar feedback from UV radiation, varying only the prescription for determining the luminosity of each stellar mass element formed (according to different IMF sampling schemes). We show that different prescriptions can lead to widely varying (factor of ∼3) star formation efficiencies (on GMC scales) even though the average mass-to-light ratios agree. Discreteness of sources is important: radiative feedback from fewer, more-luminous sources has a greater effect for a given total luminosity. These differences can dominate over other, more widely recognized differences between similar literature GMC-scale studies (e.g. numerical methods, cloud initial conditions, presence of magnetic fields). Moreover the differences in these methods are not purely numerical: some make different implicit assumptions about the nature of massive star formation, and this remains deeply uncertain in star formation theory.
E-109 Short-term in-hospital outcomes of thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke patients with non-primary brain tumors and electrolyte imbalances

Background Intravenous thrombolysis remains an underutilized treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to several relative and absolute contraindications. Previous studies have found similar outcomes after thrombolysis between AIS patients with benign brain tumors and AIS patients without. This study aims to investigate short-term outcomes of thrombolytic treatment for the greater majority of AIS patients who have no history of primary brain tumors, particularly those with electrolyte imbalances. Methods This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the 2012–2015Q3 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). ICD-9 codes identified adult patients (ages 18+) who suffered acute ischemic stroke and received intravenous thrombolysis, and then further isolated patients diagnosed with electrolyte imbalances. Data for patients who were missing important clinical identifiers (age, gender, race, mortality), did not receive IV thrombolysis, and had primary brain tumors (benign or malignant) were excluded. Data analyses assessed hospital mortality rate, length of stay (LOS), inpatient charges, and average age of admission. Results Of the 24692 encounters with AIS patients treated with thrombolysis and had no history of primary brain tumors, 5450were diagnosed with electrolyte imbalances (EI). Mean mortality rate of patients was significantly increased (10.4% with EI vs. 6.0% with no EI, p Mean LOS was significantly longer (9.21 days with EI vs. 5.53 days with no EI, p Average total charges were significantly increased ($117,906.49 with EI vs. $77,032.77 with no EI, p Average age at admission was significantly older (67.88 years with EI vs. 66.81 years with no EI, p Conclusion This study aims to inform physicians to better manage AIS patients receiving IV thrombolysis with electrolyte imbalances and no history of primary brain tumors. These patients experience higher mortality rate, longer LOS, increased total hospital charges, and older age at admission than those without EI. These findings suggest that placing clinical focus on managing electrolyte imbalances before administering IV thrombolysis for AIS may be critical for improving short-term in-hospital outcomes. Future research should aim to investigate different thrombolytic agents to determine the most optimal choice for patients with electrolyte imbalances. Disclosures K. Tong: None. A. Wang-Selfridge: None. P. Brauer: None.
Inhibitory control and receptive vocabulary influence aspect comprehension in children

Although many researchers appeal to performance limitations to account for children’s non-adult-like use of language, few studies have explicitly linked specific cognitive abilities to specific dimensions of language. This study investigated a well-studied underextension in children’s language involving linguistic aspect and tested participants in an aspectual comprehension task as well as a series of assessments evaluating neurocognitive and linguistic skills. Adults (N = 32) and 5-year-old children (N = 32) participated. The results for the children replicated the classic pattern of underextension, with children showing an uneven pattern of success even though all items were equally grammatical. In addition, children’s skill with items that involved overriding lexical information in favor of morphological information was predicted by their performance on an inhibitory control task while children’s skill with items that involved integrating contextual world knowledge was predicted by their performance on a receptive vocabulary task. These results demonstrate how specific dimensions of linguistic processing are supported differentially and sensibly by specific dimensions of cognition.
Control Mechanisms: Endocrine System and Autonomic Nervous System

The body’s cells require a stable internal environment in which to carry out their functions despite variations in the external environment to which the body is exposed. The maintenance of a stable internal environment is accomplished by complex regulatory devices involving the endocrine system and the autonomic subdivision of the nervous system. Not only do these systems function to maintain homeostasis, but they also permit the individual to respond quickly to the requirements for increased energy use when the situation demands mobilization of the body’s resources.
Weapons-of-Choice for Identity Crimes

Over the past decade, formal and anecdotal reports claim that pirated software spreads malware, malware can be used to steal personal and financial information, and organized crime groups may be exploiting these activities to help carry out and finance their operations. This study looked at trends in secondary data regarding malware distribution, pirated software, data breaches and the commission of identity crimes. Analyzing authoritative data from 2013 to 2016 shows: the correlation between pirated software and the number of records exposed in data breaches is statistically insignificant; the number of data breaches cannot be used confidently to predict increases or decreases in identity crimes; so pirated software and data breaches cannot be definitively established as root causes of identity crime. The specifics of organized criminal involvement in pirated software distribution and identity crimes merits further research since those activities could only be inferred from the literature used in this study.
Determination of Chloramphenicol and Nitrofuran Metabolites in Cobia, Croaker, and Shrimp Using Microwave-Assisted Derivatization, Automated SPE, and LC-MS/MS–Results from a U.S. Food and Drug Administration Level Three Inter-Laboratory Study

BACKGROUND An interlaboratory study was conducted to test a published, peer-reviewed manuscript in the Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL Vol 98, No. 3, 2015, "Quantitation of Chloramphenicol and Nitrofuran Metabolites in Aquaculture Products Using Microwave-Assisted Derivatization, Automated Solid-Phase Extraction, and LC-MS/MS." OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the performance of the method in shrimp, cobia, and croaker matrices. METHOD Three U.S. Food and Drug Administration laboratories participated in the collaborative study. The laboratories tested matrix blanks and laboratory-fortified matrix blanks at various levels in three separate matrices. The method evaluation included determination of the LOQ, accuracy, and precision. RESULTS The reproducibility and repeatability of the RSD, % levels for matrix spikes fortified below the action level were < 10% for all residues in shrimp, < 13% for all residues in cobia except for 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone which was ≤ 22%, and < 16% for croaker. The RSD, % levels for all other spikes in the study were < 14%. Average percent recoveries for all matrices ranged from 81.6% - 102%. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that the method is acceptable for use for the combined determination of chloramphenicol and nitrofuran metabolites in the study matrices. HIGHLIGHTS The study showed acceptable quantitation for the high-throughput chloramphenicol and nitrofuran metabolites method.
The Contraceptive Vaginal Ring

Contraceptive vaginal rings (CVR) are plastic polymer rings containing sex steroids that are directly absorbed through the vaginal epithelium into systemic circulation for highly effective contraception without the need for daily dosing. There are currently two CVRs that are FDA-approved for use in the United States. The ENG/EE ring (NuvaRing) contains etonogestrel (ENG) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) and was approved for use in the United States in 2001. It is the most widely used and studied CVR. The SA/EE ring (Annovera), which contains segesterone acetate (SA) and ethinyl estradiol (EE), was just approved by the FDA in 2018 and should be available within the next year. Both the ENG/EE and SA/EE rings are highly effective, similar to other combined hormonal methods, and have excellent cycle control. A third progesterone-only CVR, the Progering, is only available in Latin America for postpartum lactating women. This chapter primarily focuses on the ENG/EE ring but also includes currently available data on the SA/EE ring. Pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, clinical use, and adverse effects of CVRs are addressed in this chapter.
Association between paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis and hypertrophic olivary degeneration

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a condition caused by interruption of white matter tracts within the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway (DROP), resulting in inferior olivary T2 hyperintensity and enlargement on MRI. Olivary atrophy may be seen as a sequela of HOD.1 HOD has been described in association with brainstem infarcts, tumours, demyelination and vascular lesions such as cavernous malformations.2 However, HOD can also be seen in the absence of any lesion in the DROP and is sometimes idiopathic.3 Rhombencephalitis refers to inflammation involving the brainstem and/or cerebellum and can rarely be caused by paraneoplastic syndromes. Several neural specific antibodies are classically associated with paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis, including anti-Ma2 and antineuronal nuclear antibody type 2 (ANNA2 or anti-Ri). Kelch-like protein 11 (KLHL11) IgG is another recently described serological biomarker that has a strong association with paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis.4 The tumours frequently associated with paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis include testicular seminoma, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer and gynaecological malignancies. Brain MRI is often normal or shows progressive brainstem and cerebellar atrophy. MRI in these patients can also rarely show brainstem T2 hyperintensity and enhancement. A recently reported KLHL11 rhombencephalitis patient was incidentally noted to have left-sided HOD caused by a dentate lesion.4 However, no clear association between paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis and HOD has been previously suggested, even in comprehensive reviews.5 Here, we report six patients with onconeural antibody-associated paraneoplastic rhombencephalitis who developed HOD. Electronic medical records were queried to identify patients evaluated at our institution from 2005 to 2020 whose serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid demonstrated seropositivity to any of the following autoantibodies: type-1 antineuronal nuclear antibody (ANNA1/anti-Hu), KLHL11, Ma2, ANNA-2 (anti-Ri), Purkinje cell antibody type 1 (PCA-1, anti-Yo), collapsin response mediator 5 (CRMP5 or anti-CV2), amphiphysin and PCA-Tr (DNER). This revealed 177 total patients (KLHL11, n=24; Ma2, n=11; ANNA-1, n=60; ANNA-2, n=14; …
Mirror symmetry for Script N = 1 QED in three dimensions

We construct three-dimensional = 1 QED with Nf flavors using branes of type-IIB string theory. This theory has a mirror, which can be realized using the S-dual brane configuration. As in examples with more supersymmetry, the Higgs branch of the original theory gets mapped into the Coulomb branch of the mirror. We use parity invariance to argue that these branches cannot be lifted by quantum corrections.
Impacts of COVID-19 local spread and Google search trend on the US stock market

Abstract We develop a novel temporal complex network approach to quantify the US county level spread dynamics of COVID-19. We use both conventional econometric and Machine Learning (ML) models that incorporate the local spread dynamics, COVID-19 cases and death, and Google search activities to assess if incorporating information about local spreads improves the predictive accuracy of models for the US stock market. The results suggest that COVID-19 cases and deaths, its local spread, and Google searches have impacts on abnormal stock prices between January 2020 to May 2020. Furthermore, incorporating information about local spread significantly improves the performance of forecasting models of the abnormal stock prices at longer forecasting horizons.
Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic relationship, Metabolism and Plasma Protein Binding of the novel antitumor agent, 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), following oral administration in patients with solid tumors.

EVALUATION OF THE PHARMACOKINETIC-PHARMACODYNAMIC RELATIONSHIP, METABOLISM & PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING OF THE NOVEL ANTITUMOR AGENT, 2-METHOXYESTRADIOL (2ME2), FOLLOWING ORAL ADMINISTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH SOLID TUMORS By Nehal J. Lakhani, M.B; B.S., Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2005 Major Director: Jurgen Venitz, M.D., Ph.D. Associate Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Pharmaceutics Major Director: William D. Figg, Pharm.D., M.B.A. Head, Clinical Pharmacology Research Core & Molecular Pharmacology Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health The goal of this research was to determine safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of 2ME2 in patients with solid tumors and determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The following hypotheses were tested: 1) 2ME2 will be well tolerated in clinic when given orally and will have quantifiable effects on the ex vivo markers of angiogenesis and
Chapter 20 Assays for Gene Function in Developing Xenopus Embryos

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses assays for gene function in developing Xenopus embryos. The strategies discussed are to over- or underexpress genes by injection of cloned DNA, synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA), or antibodies. This method results in fairly high levels of expression of cloned complementary DNAs (cDNAs) in much of the embryo. Such overexpression has resulted in specific phenotypic effects with approximately one-third of the mRNAs so far tested, and the speed and ease of performing this analysis make it an excellent choice as a rapid functional screen. The major disadvantage of this method is that injected mRNAs are stable only up to the gastrula or neurula stage of development, and so this approach is limited to the analysis of genes acting very early in development. The injection of DNA, although useful for the analysis of promoter function, is less well suited to the study of the role gene products play in early developmental decisions. The mosaic expression pattern observed in DNA–injected embryos are useful for overexpressing extracellular proteins, such as growth factors, or for mosaic analysis, but until methods which result in a more even distribution of expression, developed this approach will probably be of only limited applicability.
Power system transient stability design using reachability based stability-region computation

This paper presents a reachability based method to compute the stability region of a stable equilibrium point and uses it to design controls for transient stability of power systems. First, a Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) partial differential equation (PDF) is obtained for the propagation of the backward reachability set of a nonlinear system. This computation when used to obtain the backward reachable set of a stable equilibrium point yields its stability region. Using the stability regions of various discrete controls (also called modes) transient stability design is performed. For example the effectiveness of a control can be verified by checking whether a post-fault initial state is in the stability region of the system with that control switched on. We illustrate our method by applying it to a single-machine infinite-bus system equipped with series and shunt capacitive compensation.
Conclusion: What Does the Future Hold?

Diagnosis and therapy must proceed hand in hand. At present practitioners in the field believe that we are affecting the outcome of our patients’ illness, but is that indeed true? We need carefully controlled randomized clinical trials to study outcome measures in patients with dysphagia. End points of disease must be expanded. For example, the prevention of or development of aspiration pneumonia would seem to be too extreme an outcome measure for aspiration-related disease. Perhaps measures such as change in total lung capacity or in forced expiratory volume over time would predict a poor prognosis before the patient develops a full-blown aspiration pneumonia and perhaps dies. Prognostic factors need to be defined: for example, why do some patients aspirate only a small amount and die of pneumonia and others aspirate large volumes and live out a full life span without disease related to the copious aspiration?
The moduli space of quadratic rational maps

Let be the space of quadratic rational maps , modulo the action by conjugation of the group of Mobius transformations. In this paper a compactification of is defined, as a modification of Milnor's , by choosing representatives of a conjugacy class such that the measure of maximal entropy of has conformal barycenter at the origin in and taking the closure in the space of probability measures. It is shown that is the smallest compactification of such that all iterate maps extend continuously to , where is the natural compactification of coming from geometric invariant theory.
Studies of Reticuloendothelial Function in the Mouse with Model Immune Complexes I. Serum Clearance and Tissue Uptake in Normal C3H Mice

We have used stable immune complexes site-specifically cross-linked by way of their combining sites to characterize the elimination of immune complexes in the mouse. These complexes, prepared from rabbit or mouse anti-DNP IgG antibodies, were separated into relatively homogeneous preparations of monomers, dimers, and heavy oligomers. We found that oligomers consisting of rabbit antibodies were cleared from the serum at rates similar to oligomers of homologous mouse antibody. Serum clearance of dimeric immunoglobulin was indistinguishable from clearance of monomer, but dimer accumulated in the liver at least three times faster than monomer. In addition, dimer, like heavy oligomer, bound to circulating blood cells whereas monomer did not. Heavy oligomers were removed from the serum initially at rates about 3-fold that of monomer, principally by the liver. Eighty per cent of heavy oligomers were located within the liver at 1 hr, with less than 1% in the spleen, kidneys, or lungs. Recovery data suggest that oligomers that remain primarily within the intravascular space before liver uptake were removed considerably more rapidly than those oligomers diffusing into the interstitial space.
Revealing Opportunities and Obstacles for Changing Non-Tenure-Track Faculty Practices: An Examination of Stakeholders' Awareness of Institutional Contradictions

Over a period of several decades, non-tenure-track faculty members (NTTF) have become a majority of instructional faculty among nonprofit higher education institutions. A growing volume of research points to a relationship between the poor working conditions or lack of support these faculty members often experience and adverse effects on student learning outcomes. Research also suggests there is limited awareness about the rising numbers of NTTFs and nature of these problems. This study utilized a modified Policy Delphi approach to surface and examine the perspectives of approximately 40 individuals representing a broad range of higher education stakeholder groups (e.g., boards, accreditation agencies, unions) about the causes and implications of rising contingency in the academic workforce. The findings suggest that awareness about how NTTF practices are inefficient and misaligned with stakeholders’ common commitments to student learning and the health of the academic profession has the potential to facilitate change. However, conditions were also identified that are currently obstacles for change. This study contributes to a better understanding of factors influencing change in higher education and suggests how a set of resonant values and interests may be evoked by change agents to increase awareness and support for revising or replacing existing NTTF practices.
Sex composition and the intensive group experience

Charlene J. Carlock, Ph.D., is As sistant Professor, Division of Educa tional Leadership and Human Services, Program of Counseling Education, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio. Patricia Yancey Mar tin, Ph.D., is Associate Professor and Research Associate, School of Social Work, The Florida State University, Tallahassee. Feminist activist organizations, tionships to outside people and events, many women's studies courses, and and that the possibility of hetero other groups in which women of raised sexual pairings appeared to cause a consciousness gather have excluded group to concentrate on itself, creating men from their meetings. Men, they a sense of excitement and purpose and contend, dominate group conversation resulting in increased tension. Finally, and decision-making whenever they Aries found that women in male-female are present, while women withdraw, groups were more passive than those in accede to male authority, and assume all-female groups and allowed the men patterns of manipulation. to initiate and take part in interaction In keeping with this contention, with greater frequency than them Meador, Solomon, and Bowen claim selves, that when groups are composed of women only ( as opposed to being comOVERVIEW posed of both women and men), mem bers are encouraged to talk about themselves as persons, express their doubts, fears, hopes, and fantasies, ex plore their role expectations, and re flect on their relationships with other women.1 These investigators consider groups composed of both men and women to be sexist, paternalistic struc tures that reinforce traditional patterns and roles and stifle the development of , , , . . . . , , ,, The study s design is quasi-experimen assertive, straightforward, self-confi.. , . , . , , . , rol IT» T/"\ r"TY» o T kilt kiirrrutitin/-i K»r /1110I1 The study described in this article re ports on one aspect of a larger project aimed at determining the effects on female participants of the sex compo sition of growth-oriented groups.4 Spe cifically, concern is focused on the manner in which the behaviors, per ceptions, and emotional experiences of female group members may vary in all-female and male-female groups.
College science majors' perceptions of secondary school science: An exploratory investigation

This investigation collected and analyzed the perceptions of 45 college science majors regarding their formal science experiences in junior high and high school. Data were gathered using a 72-item survey developed by the author and distributed through subjects' college classes. Analysis included a comparison of subjects' responses with the perceptions of young adults not attending college. Results suggested that college science majors (a) generally hold science in higher regard than do noncollegiate young adults, (b) preferred science teachers who were enthusiastic, knowledgeable, friendly, inspirational, and “fun,” and (c) favored science classes that offered laboratory work, teacher demonstrations, projects, and audiovisual materials. Discrepancies were discovered, however, between subjects' preferences and their recollected experiences in science classrooms, especially at the junior high level.
The oxidation and CO reduction kinetics of a platinum surface

A thermogravimetric technique was used to study the oxidation and CO reduction kinetics of Pt as a function of temperature, T. The measurements were performed on Pt powder (particle sizes 0.8–2.5 μm) at 1 atm pressure. After exposure to 1 atm of oxygen at 600 K for 1 h, the total uptake of oxygen by the powder amounted to less than one oxygen atom per Pt surface atom and followed a logarithmic growth law. For 400 < T < 600 K, the logarithmic rate constant, K0, could be described by an Arrhenius law with an apparent activation energy of 2.6 kcal/mole. Above 600 K, K0 slowly decreased, an effect believed to be associated with the dissociation of the oxide between 650 and 850 K. Oxidation isotherms were calculated using the low pressure oxygen sticking coefficient data of Hopster et al. The calculated and measured oxidation isotherms were found to be in remarkable agreement. The CO reduction data were more difficult to analyze but showed that the reduction rate had a stronger temperature dependence (~11 kcal/mole) than the oxidation rate. For427 < T<487 K, the general time scale of the reduction process was 10–50 min. Typical durations of the oxidation and CO reduction processes are consistent with the periods observed in studies of the oscillatory rate of CO oxidation over a Pt catalyst.
RECENT STUDIES IN THE CORPUS CHRISTI MYSTERY PLAYS

ELR bibliographical articles are intended to combine a topical review of research with a reasonably complete bibliography. Scholarship is organized by authors or titles of anonymous works; titles of journals are abbreviated in accordance with the practice of PMLA. Items included represent the combined entries listed in the annual bibliographies published by PMLA, SP, YWES, and MHRA from 1945 through, in the present instance, 1973. The format was devised by Terence P. Logan and Denzel S. Smith. The series is edited by Elizabeth H. Hageman of the University of New Hampshire and supported by the Department of English, University of New Hampshire, Durham.
Role of the Umo Proteins and the Rcs Phosphorelay in the Swarming Motility of the Wild Type and an O-Antigen (waaL) Mutant of Proteus mirabilis

Proteus mirabilis is a Gram-negative bacterium that exists as a short rod when grown in liquid medium, but during growth on surfaces it undergoes a distinct physical and biochemical change that culminates in the formation of a swarmer cell. How P. mirabilis senses a surface is not fully understood; however, the inhibition of flagellar rotation and accumulation of putrescine have been proposed to be sensory mechanisms. Our lab recently isolated a transposon insertion in waaL, encoding O-antigen ligase, that resulted in a loss of swarming but not swimming motility. The waaL mutant failed to activate flhDC, the class 1 activator of the flagellar gene cascade, when grown on solid surfaces. Swarming in the waaL mutant was restored by overexpression of flhDC in trans or by a mutation in the response regulator rcsB. To further investigate the role of the Rcs signal transduction pathway and its possible relationship with O-antigen surface sensing, mutations were made in the rcsC, rcsB, rcsF, umoB (igaA), and umoD genes in wild-type and waaL backgrounds. Comparison of the swarming phenotypes of the single and double mutants and of strains overexpressing combinations of the UmoB, UmoD, and RcsF proteins demonstrated the following: (i) there is a differential effect of RcsF and UmoB on swarming in wild-type and waaL backgrounds, (ii) RcsF inhibits UmoB activity but not UmoD activity in a wild-type background, and (iii) UmoD is able to modulate activity of the Rcs system.