cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Comparison of methods for 3D target localization from seismic and acoustic signatures

An important application of seismic and acoustic unattended ground sensors (UGS) is the estimation of the 3D position of an emitting target. Seismic and acoustic data derived from UGS systems provide the raw information to determine these locations, but can be processed and analyzed in a number of ways using varying amounts of auxiliary information. Processing methods to improve arrival time picking for continuous wave sources and methods for determining and defining the seismic velocity model are the primary variables affecting the localization accuracy. Results using field data collected from an underground facility have shown that using an iterative time picking technique significantly improves the accuracy of the resulting derived target location. Other processing techniques show little advantage over simple crosscorrelation alone in terms of accuracy, but may improve the ease with which time picks can be made. An average velocity model found through passive listening or a velocity model determined from a calibration source near the target source both result in similar location accuracies. Surprisingly, the use of average station corrections severely increases the location error.
A faculty development program

The Computer and Information Science (CIS) Department at Brooklyn College is unable to use full-time CIS faculty for most sections of the introductory programming course. Instead of using adjuncts, the administration of the College would like to use full-time faculty from overstaffed departments to teach these courses. In an attempt to certify these people, the CIS Department launched a two part Faculty Development Program in the Summer of 1981. Program I was an intensive introduction to computing for those with no previous experience. Program II was designed to enable those with some previous computing experience to teach computer programming. Both programs were successful. The participants in Program I gained quite a bit of programming experience. Almost half of those in Program II have taught in the CIS Department in the Fall of 1981, with others planning to do so next year. Based in part on the information gathered from this model, the entire City University is offering a Faculty Development Program in computer science as well.
Incidence and significance of Aspergillus cultures following liver and kidney transplantation.

Aspergillus infection is a rare but devastating complication following solid organ transplantation, with mortality rates that approach 100%. Aspergillus species (sp) * are also ubiquitous in our environment and may contaminate culture plates. To determine the significance of positive Aspergillus cultures, we analyzed all positive cultures from the liver and kidney transplant services at our center for the treatments used and clinical outcomes. Aspergillus sp. were cultured from 4.5% of liver and 2.2% of kidney transplant recipients. A. fumigatus was the most common isolate, followed by A. niger and A. flavus. The lung was the most common site of positive cultures. Body fluids (ascites, pleural fluid) were common sources of positive cultures but were never associated with clinical disease. Positive brain biopsies occurred in 10% of patients. Analysis of risk factors for significant infection revealed that cultures with > 2 colonies or more than one site of infection were predictive of significant infection and portended a poor prognosis even with aggressive therapy. Two or fewer colonies from a single site likely represented contamination and may be followed with repeat cultures. The high mortality rate associated with Aspergillus sp. infections in transplant recipients highlights the need for better anti-fungal prophylaxis and treatment.
A Multi-cultural and Multi-disciplinary Approach to Integrating the Principles of Sustainable Development into Human Resource Management Curriculums in Hospitality and Tourism

The sustainability of the hospitality and tourism industry is dependent upon managers who adopt sustainable development principles as part of their management philosophy. Achieving this aim requires the integration of the principles of sustainable development into the curriculum of hospitality and tourism management courses. The article explains how a multi-cultural and multi-disciplinary team of academics and practitioners used the nominal group technique to reach consensus on a curriculum module that integrated sustainability principles into a human resource management course. The process and the results of the consensus building process are discussed. The relationship between sustainable development principles in human resource management and socio-economic, cultural, and environmental issues is explained.
The Meaning of Existence

I DO not know whether anyone has directed attention to the striking agreement of the conclusion of “The Mysterious Universe” with the final form in which Kant expressed his conclusion concerning the nature of the objective world in the “Critique of Judgment”. My particular reference is to Remarks 1 and 2 appended to the 57th Section. In this passage Kant makes the distinction between the AEsthetic Idea and the Rational Idea, and it marks the transition from the consideration of the aesthetic judgment of taste to that of the teleological judgment of purpose in Nature. But the real significance of the passage is seen to lie in Kant's complete grasp of the relation between the intuitive knowledge of the world in sense perception and the objective knowledge of the world in scientific reasoning. It is this which makes Kant's theory so relevant to the modern scientific interpretation of physical reality.
Altered immune response in adult women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero

OBJECTIVE: Between 1940 and 1970, 1.5 million female fetuses were exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Numerous deleterious effects on reproductive anatomic and physiologic characteristics have been documented in these women. However, the effects of this exposure on nonreproductive systems, which may have lifelong consequences as this cohort of women progresses beyond the childbearing years, have received little attention. On the basis of an earlier preliminary observation of altered immune reponse, we hypothesized that diethylstilbestrol-exposed women may show abnormalities in T-cell-mediated immune response. STUDY DESIGN: Thirteen women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero were compared with 13 age- and menstrual cycle phase-matched control subjects with respect to the in vitro T-cell response to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and interleukin 2. RESULTS: As compared with controls, tritiated thymidine incorporation by T cells harvested from diethylstilbestrol-exposed women was increased 3-fold over a range of concentrations in response to concanavalin A (P <.001), increased by 50% over a range of concentrations in response to phytohemagglutinin (P <.001), and increased 2-fold in response to the endogenous mitogen interleukin 2 (P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: In vitro evidence suggests that women exposed to diethylstilbestrol have alterations in T-cell-mediated immunity. These changes require further attention with regard to their characterization, their role in the pathogenesis of cancer and autoimmunity, and their presence in normal women exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero.
Alternate procedure for the preparation of the coenzyme A-synthesizing protein complex of Bakers' yeast.

Abstract The coenzyme A-synthesizing protein complex (CoA-SPC) of Bakers' yeast synthesizes coenzyme A in an in vitro system from the precursors ATP, D-pantothenic acid and L-cysteine. CoA-SPC has been produced on a small scale by freezing Bakers' yeast cells in a mixture of diethyl ether and solid CO2. followed by a thawing period, and subsequent removal of the diethyl ether by vacuum. The resulting yeast lysate was then stirred for 18 h in the presence of t-Factor to solubilize CoA-SPC. When a greater quantity of CoA-SPC was needed, the danger associated with the use of a large volume of diethyl ether was apparent. Therefore, the freezing step involving diethyl ether and solid CO2 has been replaced by a process of slowly drying fresh Bakers' yeast until approximately 34% of the initial weight of the yeast remained as dry solids. The yeast solids were ground to further disrupt the cell wall and membrane structure. The grinding step was followed by rehydration of the dry yeast solids with deionized H2O an...
The Effect of Experimenter Absence and Response Delay on Nonreinforced Imitation

Summary Present research attempted to demonstrate the effect of response delay and the presence or absence of the experimenter on the performance of nonreinforced imitative behaviors in retarded children. A multiple baseline design, counterbalanced for conditions, was used. The results indicated that the degree of control exercised by the experimenter's presence or absence was partially determined by the response delay. Other variables that may have affected the imitative performance were (a) other nonimitative behaivors displayed by the subject(s); (b) additional stimuli generated by the experimenter; and (c) the subject's pre-experimental history with the experimenter.
Orthopaedic residency training: a survey of the graduates' perspective.

Study Design A survey of residency graduates. Objectives To establish a profile of the typical graduate and to determine the value and influence of residency training on professional development, particularly on clinical expertise. Background Physical therapists are involved in direct access in some states as a result of health care reform. There is increasing interest within the physical therapy profession in evaluating residency education as an avenue for providing physical therapists with the advanced skills to meet the changing nature of providing care. Methods and Measures A questionnaire was sent to 98 graduates of a yearlong advanced orthopaedic manual therapy residency program. A response rate of 94.9% was obtained. Results Influence of residency training on clinical skills and expertise received high (“major positive”) ratings on the abilities to logically reason (94%), thoroughly examine (95%), treat effectively (84%) and efficiently (79%), and to “diagnose” (85%). Graduates spend 23% of their t...
Modons in spherical geometry

Abstract The analytical form of equivalent modons in spherical geometry is derived along with the dispersion relationship relating the modon frequency, spatial extent and interior wavenumber. The structure of equivalent modons in spherical geometry is more asymmetric as the geographic pole is approached, thus giving improved kinematic agreement with atmospheric blocking patterns than beta-plane modons. Numerical experiments demonstrating the robustness of spherical modons to background vorticity perturbations and structural augmentations of the governing equation are performed. Lastly, speculations concerning the applicability of spherical modons as models of blocking situations with preferential poleward geographic formation mechanisms are given.
On the Dember-effect and a new trap-controlled photo-polarization

Abstract The paper presents numerical calculations of the Dember-effect and describes a new and additional source of voltage: trap-controlled photo-polarization. The two emfs, though small, are of the same order of magnitude. Trap-controlled polarization occurs even when the carrier mobilities are equal.
Equivariant splittings of supermanifolds

Let G be a group acting on a supermanifold (M, A). We ask whether (M, A) is equivariantly isomorphic to the exterior sheaf of a vector bundle. When G is a Lie group and the underlying vector bundle of A is G-homogeneous, the question can be reduced to a finite-dimensional group-cohomology calculation. In particular, we obtain a vanishing theorem for the obstruction to an equivariant isomorphism, in case the isotropy subgroup is compact or semisimple.
Excited-state quenching of dye-linked oligonucleotides

Fluorescence energy transfer (FET) can be used to obtain structural and dynamic information on duplex and branched DNA molecules suitably labeled with donor and acceptor dyes. However, dye-DNA interaction cause excited-state quenching of the dyes and complicate the analysis of FET data. We have investigated the excited-state quenching of two common FET dyes, fluorescein and tetramethyl rhodamine, covalently linked to synthetic oligonucleotides. The rate of quenching is shown to depend on the base sequence and association state of the oligonucleotide, and also the length of the linker chain. Furthermore, the dyes can adopt more than one configuration with respect to the oligonucleotide strand and the degree of quenching is different in each configuration. The implications of these findings for FET measurements in nucleic acids are discussed.© (1992) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Stability of career aspirations: a longitudinal test of Gottfredson’s theory

Gottfredson’s theory of the career compromise process was evaluated using a longitudinal data set of 2353 female and 321 male students recruited for Zuckerman’s ‘Seven College Study’, who reported their career aspirations twice over a one-year period. Expressed career aspirations were coded on the dimensions of sex type, prestige, and the interest-based things/people and data/ideas dimensions. Stability of aspirations over a one-year period were analyzed using partial correlation analyses to control for the nonindependence of measures. Discrepancies between current and idealized career aspirations were also examined using the same methods. Contrary to predictions based upon Gottfredson’s theory, student career aspirations were more stable along the prestige and things/people dimensions than on the sex type dimension. Implications for theory, research, and career counseling practice are discussed.
Improved Outcomes for Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis

We conducted a retrospective study of patients with culture-confirmed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) at Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center (South Bronx, NY) to determine what factors affected clinical and microbiological responses and survival. For the 38 patients with MDR-TB, reporting of first-line drug susceptibilities was relatively rapid (median time, 30 days). Thirty-four patients (89%) were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and initial and overall response rates were 59% and 50%, respectively; the median survival was 315 days; and 50% of these patients died of tuberculosis. Bivariate analysis revealed that the following factors had a positive impact on response and survival: receiving > or = 2 consecutive weeks of appropriate therapy with at least two drugs to which the isolate was susceptible in vitro; starting appropriate therapy within 4 weeks of the diagnosis; and having tuberculosis that was limited to the lungs. Multivariate analysis revealed that the only variable associated with response was receipt of appropriate therapy for > or = 2 consecutive weeks. In contrast to findings in the published literature, our results indicate the outcome of MDR-TB can be improved, particularly for severely immunosuppressed HIV-infected patients. Rapid reporting of susceptibilities and prompt initiation and continuation of appropriate antituberculous therapy improved response and survival.
A Comparison of the Prevalence of Lead-Contaminated Imported Chinese Ceramic Dinnerware Purchased Inside Versus Outside Philadelphia's Chinatown

Lead-contaminated ceramics can be a clinically significant source of lead poisoning, with the potential to cause illness in children and adults; one death in a child has been described. We hypothesized that the prevalence of lead-contaminated ceramics would be higher within Chinatown versus outside of Chinatown. The study was a prospective observational cross-sectional study. Two areas were defined geographically as being within and outside of Philadelphia's Chinatown, and a predefined number of items were purchased in each area. Each item was screened for lead utilizing a colorimetric testing swab. Positive items were leached for lead using the ASTM C738-94 protocol for lead level quantification. The primary outcome was the prevalence of ceramics not compliant with the FDA standard for leachable lead within and outside of Philadelphia's Chinatown. A total of 132 items were purchased, 46 outside of and 86 within Chinatown. More lead-positive items originated within Chinatown than outside of Chinatown [five positive items, 5.8 % prevalence within Chinatown (95 % confidence interval, CI, 2.5–12.9 %), and zero positive, 0 % prevalence outside of Chinatown (95 % CI 0–7.5 %)]. However, this difference was not found to be statistically significant (P = 0.1624). The leachable lead-positive items were up to 40-fold the acceptable FDA levels. Testing a larger number of items may demonstrate a significant source of lead exposure.
Use of oxygen for burning fuel in rotary kilns

Preheating mazut oil up to 100°C and using hot producer gas with a temperature of 300°C, and also preheating air to 250°C may provide an increase in the furnace temperature of approximately 10%. Enriching the air used for combustion with oxygen is an effective method of boosting the combustion temperature in rotary furnaces.
Assessment of an Optimal Bus Stop Spacing Model Using High Resolution Archived Stop-Level Data

With increasing attention being paid to performance and financial issues related to the operation of public transportation systems, it is necessary to develop tools for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of service offerings. With the availability of high resolution archived stop-level bus performance data, it is shown that a bus stop spacing model can be generated and tested with the aim of minimizing the operating cost while maintaining a high degree of transit accessibility. In this paper, two cost components are considered in the stop spacing model including passenger access cost and in-vehicle passenger stopping cost, and are combined and optimized to minimize total cost. A case study is conducted using one bus route in Portland, Oregon, using one yearrs stop-level archived Bus Dispatch System (BDS) data provided by TriMet, the regional transit provider for the Portland metropolitan area. Based on the case study, the theoretical optimized bus stop spacing is 1,200 feet compared to the current value of 950 feet. The paper discusses trade-offs and presents an estimate of transit operating cost savings based on the optimized spacing. Given the availability of high resolution archived data, the paper illustrates that this modeling tool can be applied in a routine way across multiple routes as part of an ongoing service planning and performance measurement process.
Formation of metal oxyfluorides from specific metal reactions with oxygen difluoride: infrared spectroscopic and theoretical investigations of the OScF2 radical and OScF with terminal single and triple Sc-O bonds.

The scandium oxydifluoride free radical, OScF(2), is produced by the spontaneous, specific reaction of laser ablated Sc atoms with OF(2) in solid argon and characterized by using matrix infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The OScF(2) molecule is predicted to have C(2v) symmetry and a (2)B(2) ground state with an unpaired electron located primarily on the terminal oxygen atom, which makes it a scandium difluoride molecule coordinated by a neutral oxygen atom radical in forming the Sc-O single bond. The closed shell singlet OScF molecule with an obtuse bent geometry has a much shorter Sc-O bond of 1.682 A than that of the OScF(2) radical (1.938 A) on the basis of B3LYP calculations. The Sc-O bond in OScF consists of two covalent bonds and a dative bond in which the oxygen 2p(π) lone pair donates electron density into an empty Sc 3d orbital thus forming a triple oxo bond. Density functional calculations suggest it is highly exothermic for fluorine transfer from OF(2) to scandium, which favors the formation of the OScF(2) radical species as well as the OScF molecule after fluorine loss.
α-Thrombin Rapidly Induces Tyrosine Phosphorylation of a Novel, 74–78-kDa Stress Response Protein(s) in Lung Fibroblast Cells

We demonstrated previously that exposure of CCL39 lung fibroblasts to alpha-thrombin rapidly inhibits interleukin 6-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (Stat3). While studying the cross-talk between alpha-thrombin and interleukin 6, we observed that the phospho-specific (tyrosine) anti-Stat3 antibody specifically cross-reacted with a 74-78-kDa protein(s) in alpha-thrombin-treated cells. In this study, we demonstrate that in alpha-thrombin-treated CCL39 cells, the 74-78-kDa protein(s) rapidly undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation. The phosphorylation by alpha-thrombin was detected as early as 5 min and reached a maximum at 15 min; however, low levels were present at 2 h. alpha-Thrombin receptor agonist peptide (SFLLRN) induced its tyrosine phosphorylation, suggesting that alpha-thrombin mediates the effects via protease-activated receptor type 1. Anti-Stat3 antibodies specific to different regions of Stat3 failed to recognize the 74-78-kDa protein(s), suggesting that it is unrelated to Stat3. Cell fractionation experiments showed that it is localized to the cytoplasm. Mass spectrometric analysis of the immunoprecipitated protein showed that the 74-78-kDa protein(s) is related to glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP-75), a member of the heat shock/stress-response protein family. Consistent with these data, we observed tyrosine phosphorylation of GRP-75 in alpha-thrombin-treated cells. Exposure of cells to pervanadate, a stress-inducing agent, stimulated its tyrosine phosphorylation; however, cytokines and growth factors were ineffective. This is the first report of tyrosine phosphorylation of GRP-75-related stress protein(s) by alpha-thrombin and suggests that this pathway may contribute to the ability of alpha-thrombin to prevent apoptosis in cells exposed to stress or in the injured tissue.
Bacteriophage P1 in Retrospect and in Prospect

In consenting to publish an extravagantly long report of the most tedious kind—a genome analysis (10)—this journal has shown what appears to be extraordinary indulgence. The genome is that of P1, a bacteriophage that, unlike certain of its cousins, neither raises hopes nor instills fear. P1 phage particles are not the “great hope of universal therapy and prophylaxis,” as Felix d'Herelle believed bacteriophages that target pathogens might be (quoted in reference 14). In the more than 50 years since the discovery of P1, the phage has not been drafted for a combat role in therapy (11). As for the P1 prophage, it does not confer toxigenicity on a harmless bacterium, as do the prophages that have given us, among other troubles, diphtheria, cholera, toxic shock syndrome, and botulism (4), nor does P1 normally subvert antibiotic treatments, despite its capacity to acquire and transfer multidrug resistance genes while sacrificing nothing more than some of its extensive terminal redundancy. P1, if not a phage “of interest,” is nevertheless an interesting phage. It has long been the workhorse of gene transduction, and its packaging and recombination systems are much in use for the genetic engineering of eukaryotes. What sets P1 apart from the majority of characterized temperate phages is the autonomy of the prophage. P1 lysogenizes its hosts as a plasmid of low copy number and, because it has the viral option, can be manipulated more conveniently than other large plasmids, most of which are horizontally transmitted by conjugation without extensive amplification. But is P1 such a very important phage as to merit the royal treatment accorded the analysis of its genome? Yes, it is. P1 opens new perspectives on familiar biological topics, to one of which I shall return shortly. It also boasts a distinguished history.
Structural and Enzymatic Characterization of a Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugar Hydrolase from Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.

Given the broad range of substrates hydrolyzed by Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked to X) enzymes, identification of sequence and structural elements that correctly predict a Nudix substrate or characterize a family is key to correctly annotate the myriad of Nudix enzymes. Here, we present the structure determination and characterization of Bd3179 –- a Nudix hydrolase from Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus–that we show localized in the periplasmic space of this obligate Gram-negative predator. We demonstrate that the enzyme is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar hydrolase (NDPSase) and has a high degree of sequence and structural similarity to a canonical ADP-ribose hydrolase and to a nucleoside diphosphate sugar hydrolase (1.4 and 1.3 A Cα RMSD respectively). Examination of the structural elements conserved in both types of enzymes confirms that an aspartate-X-lysine motif on the C-terminal helix of the α-β-α NDPSase fold differentiates NDPSases from ADPRases.
A Los Alamos design study for a high-power spallation-neutron-source driver

A design study for an accelerator-driven spallation-neutron source is underway at Los Alamos. The driver, based on the LAMPF facility, produces a 1-MW proton beam and is upgradable to 5 MW. After linear acceleration to full energy, an H/sup -/ beam is accumulated for approximately 1.2 ms in an accumulator ring and then extracted to produce an intense proton burst, less than 1 /spl mu/s long, onto a spallation-target system with a 60-Hz pulse rate. The design uses existing infrastructure insofar as possible while maintaining project goals. This paper summarizes the system specifications and design status. >
Evaluation of a low, weight-based dose of rasburicase in adult patients for the treatment or prophylaxis of tumor lysis syndrome.

Purpose: Rasburicase is a recombinant urate oxidase enzyme generally reserved for the treatment or prevention of hyperuricemia in patients that are at high risk of developing tumor lysis syndrome (...
Adult Child–Parent Relationships

In this essay I review recent studies of adult child–parent relationships, with an emphasis on studies using nationally representative samples. Adult children and their parents have frequent contact and emotionally satisfying relationships, but exchanges of practical and financial assistance are uncommon. Continuing relationships between adult children and their parents depend on women's work as kinkeepers. Parental divorce greatly weakens adult children's relationships with their fathers and also tends to weaken relationships with mothers. Adult child–parent relationships are not stronger in black families than in white families. The most pressing need for future research is the development of new theoretical formulations.
Rising Energy Prices and Regional Economic Development

Traditionally, development planners and policymakers have based their activities and programs on the export base theory embedded in a Clark-Fisher development model. The propulsive force of economic development in the model is technological progress and the gains in productivity that new technology engenders. A review of the model shows that it stands up well when used to explain the pattern of regional development in the United States between the Civil War and the beginning of World War II. The most immediate impact of the energy crisis (on the fiscal positions of various states) is discussed first; then the impact on the location of industry is analyzed briefly. The author points out that two major regional development programs started in the 1960s--the Appalachian Regional Commission and the Economic Development Administration--have not been outstandingly successful in reducing interregional disparities. He concludes that ''neither conventional regional development policies nor reliance on market forces will permit the nation to cope with the difficulties that will be faced by energy-poor, highly industrialized regions. New policies will have to be devised to help these regions adjust to the structural changes which further increases in energy prices are almost certain to engender.'' (MCW)
Effects of interest and relatedness on estimated duration of verbal material

Two 1-min selections of English prose were recorded, differing on the dimension of interest to the listener. They were re-recorded with the words in random order, so as to differ from the first tapes on the dimension of relatedness. Each tape was heard by 20 volunteer undergraduates who estimated the duration of the selection. Interesting tapes were judged significantly shorter (p < .05) than uninteresting ones, and unrelated tapes were judged slightly (p < .10) shorter than related ones. This contradicts a storage size theory of duration, since the related tapes should have been easier to code.
Hyperuricemia in Childhood Primary Hypertension

Experimental animal models suggest that uric acid might have a pathogenic role in the early development of primary hypertension. We hypothesized that serum uric acid is correlated with blood pressure in children with new-onset, untreated, primary hypertension. We evaluated 125 consecutive children referred to the Baylor Pediatric Renal Program for evaluation of hypertension. None of the subjects had previously been evaluated or treated for hypertension. The children ranged in age from 6 to 18 years (mean, 13.4+/-3.3) and had normal renal function (creatinine clearance >80 mL x min(-1) x 1.73 m(-2)). Sixty-three children had primary hypertension, 40 had secondary hypertension, and 22 had white-coat hypertension. Forty controls with normal blood pressure were recruited from the renal clinic. Uric acid levels were directly correlated with systolic (r=0.80, P=0.0002) and diastolic (r=0.66, P=0.0006) blood pressure in controls and in subjects with primary hypertension and were independent of renal function. Serum uric acid concentrations >5.5 mg/dL were found in 89% of subjects with primary hypertension, in 30% with secondary hypertension, in 0% with white-coat hypertension, and in 0% of controls. We conclude that serum uric acid is directly correlated with blood pressure in untreated children and that a serum uric acid value >5.5 mg/dL in an adolescent being evaluated for hypertension strongly suggests primary hypertension as opposed to white-coat or secondary hypertension. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that uric acid might have a role in the early pathogenesis of primary hypertension.
Comorbid Externalising Disorders and Child Anxiety Treatment Outcomes

Examined the effects of comorbid externalising disorders (i.e., attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], oppositional defiant disorder [ODD], conduct disorder [CD]) on the long-term outcome (7.4 years) of individuals treated for anxiety disorders as youth. Ninety-four anxiety-disordered children (aged 8-13) were provided with a 16-session manual-based cognitive behavioural treatment (CBT). Assessments were completed at pretreatment, posttreatment, 1-year posttreatment (see Kendall, et al., 1997) and for 88 of the original 94 subjects at 7.4-years posttreatment (see Kendall, Safford, Flannery-Schroeder, & Webb, in press). At pretreatment, all participants received principal anxiety diagnoses (generalised anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia). Nineteen had comorbid externalising disorders (11 ADHD, 7 ODD and 1 CD). These 19 subjects were matched on age (within an average of 3 months), gender and race with 19 previously treated youths who were not comorbid with an externalising disorder. Examining parent- and child-reports, respectively, comparable rates of comorbid versus non-comorbid cases were free of their principal anxiety disorder at the 7.4-year follow-up on all dependent measures. Parents of anxiety-disordered children with a comorbid externalising disorder reported higher levels of child externalising behaviour than did parents of anxiety-disordered children without comorbidity. Comorbid children reported greater self-efficacy in coping with anxiety-provoking situations than did non-comorbid children. Thus, it appears that overall anxiety-disordered children with and without comorbid externalising disorders showed comparable improvements following CBT.
Interannual variation in diatom bloom dynamics: roles of hydrology, nutrient limitation, sinking, and whole lake manipulation.

Abstract Spring development of diatoms in Ford Lake, Michigan, USA was markedly different in 2004 from 2005 and 2006. In 2004, diatom biovolume surpassed 15 mm3 l−1 but in 2005 and 2006 maximum biovolume was less than 5 mm3 l−1. Soluble reactive silica (SRSi) in 2004 fell below 5 μM whereas in 2005 and 2006, SRSi remained above 30 μM. Taxonomic composition was similar among years and consisted mainly of Asterionella, Cyclotella, Fragilaria, Aulacoseira, and Synedra. Bioassay experiments in 2005 demonstrated that P rather than Si was the element most limiting biomass development. However, P supply rate did not account for the differences among years. Model simulations of Si uptake, washout rates, and sinking implicated hydrologic differences among years as the cause of differential success by diatom populations in April of each year. Bioassay experiments performed after overturn demonstrated that diatoms could grow well in unamended lake water, but they did not flourish in the lake; model simulations implicated sinking losses as the reason. In summer 2006, we performed a selective withdrawal of hypolimnetic water from the outlet dam and weakened density stratification. An Aulacoseira bloom resulted in early to mid-August, depleting SRSi to less than 30 μM. The lake, which had been acting as a P source, changed to a P sink during the bloom, and cyanobacteria did not develop as they had in all previous years. Stoichiometric calculations indicate that the net SRSi uptake and the net DP uptake during the induced bloom were consistent with diatom production.
Current driven series resonant converter

The current driven series resonant converter (SRC) is presented as a nonresonant driven converter in which both the input current and input voltage are constant. This converter has many advantages over the conventional SRC, such as better control characteristics over a wide load range and a larger range of converter gain. The analysis and design procedure of this converter are presented. Experimental and computer results are presented to verify theoretical work. >
Urbanization and Development in Uganda: Growth, Structure, and Change

THE PART played by cities and the significance of urbanization have been much discussed by those who in recent years have struggled with the problems of the developing nations. In the ensuing discussion three viewpoints have emerged: one emphasizing economic factors, two asserting the priority of social and political aspects, and three supporting the United Nations' approach of "balanced social and economic development." 1 The partisans involved in the discussion have not consistently followed the biases of their own disciplines. For example, Everett Hagen, an economist, following a frustrating experience as adviser to the Government of Burma, has written a book, On the Theory of Social Change, in which he assigns priority to social factors in the emergence of societies from traditional into urban-industrialized states.2 On the other hand, William McCord, a sociologist with wide experience with developing nations in Africa and Asia, has judged the more classical economic factors related directly to production to be more central to the explanation of change than social and political variables.3 After reading the work of each of these scholars, one is led inevitably to the common experience which they and many others have shared in recent years, namely, an awareness of the inadequacy of our academic and theoretical formulations to meet the tests posed by the development problems of the new nations.
Standards of Best Practice: Simulation Standard I: Terminology

Colleen Meakim, MSN, RN, Teri Boese, MSN, RN, Sharon Decker, PhD, RN, ANEF, FAAN, Ashley E. Franklin, MSN, RN, CCRN, CNE, Donna Gloe, EdD, RN-BC, Lori Lioce, DNP, FNP-BC, CHSE, FAANP, Carol R. Sando, PhD, RN, CNE, Jimmie C. Borum, MSN, RN, CNS* Director, Simulation and Learning Resources, Villanova University, College of Nursing, Villanova, PA 19085, USA Associate Professor, Clinical, Director Center for Simulation Innovation, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, School of Nursing, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA Professor and Director of The F. Marie Hall SimLife Center, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, School of Nursing, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA Instructor and Simulation Specialist, Oregon Health and Science University, School of Nursing, Portland, OR 97201, USA Assistant Professor, Coordinator of Simulation Center, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO 65897, USA Clinical Assistant Professor and Simulation Coordinator, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, College of Nursing, Huntsville, AL 35802, USA Associate Professor, Delaware State University, College of Education, Health, and Public Policy, Department of Nursing, Dover, DE 19901, USA Assistant Professor of Professional Practice, Director, Health Professions Learning Center, Harris College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
Semantic Proto-Roles

We present the first large-scale, corpus based verification of the seminal work of Dowty on the notion of thematic proto-roles. Our results demonstrate both the need for and the feasibility of a property-based annotation scheme of semantic relationships, as opposed to the currently dominant notion of categorical roles.
Two Aspects of the Methodology of Modeling Deterministic Processes and Evaluation

A continuing interest of Camilo Dagum has been with the methodology of economics and of econometric modeling as seen in Dagum (1968), (1985) and (1989). Since the appearance of that work two areas of possible importance that have been developed concern the re-emergence of deterministic processes and relationships and the new, growing emphasis on the evaluation of theories and models. In this essay I will discuss these topics and their inter-action. It builds on the work by Camilo but I will not attempt to discuss it, as mainly I would be taken too far from my theme, although into interesting and important topics concerning methodology.
A New Capacitance-Voltage Model for Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond Mosfet

A new device model that takes into account of a surface adsorbate layer (ADL) is generated to study the C-V characteristics of the hydrogen-terminated diamond (HTD) MOSFET. In this model, the ADL acts like a reservoir of hole carriers and forms a hetero-structure with the hydrogen-terminated diamond surface. Our device model is applied to the C-V characteristics of a practical device and the results match well. This work is helpful in computer-aided design and optimization of future HDT devices.
Nitrite reduction by Fe(II) associated with kaolinite

Interactions of iron (Fe) with the nitrogen (N) cycle have emerged and contain elements of abiotic and biological reactions. One such abiotic reaction which has received little study is the reactivity of NO2 − and Fe(II) associated with a major clay mineral, kaolinite. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the reactivity of NO2 − with Fe(II) added to kaolinite under anoxic conditions. Stirred batch reactivity experiments were carried out with 10 g L−1 kaolinite spiked with 25 and 100 µM Fe(II) at pH 6.45 in an anaerobic chamber. Approximately 500 µM NO2 − was added to initiate the reaction with Fe(II)-loaded kaolinite. The rate of nitrite removal from solution was 2.4-fold slower in the high Fe(II) treatment when compared with the low Fe(II) treatment. A large portion of the NO2 − removed from solution was confirmed to be reduced to N2O(g) in the Fe(II)-kaolinite slurries. However, NO2 − reduction was also noticed in the presence of kaolinite-alone and to somewhat lesser extent in the presence of dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-treated kaolinite. Chemical extractions coupled with infrared spectroscopy suggest that Fe(III) oxide mineral impurities and structural Fe(III) in kaolinite may participate in NO2 − removal from solution. Furthermore, a magnetite mineral was identified based on X-ray diffraction analysis of untreated kaolinite and DCB-treated kaolinite. Our findings reveal a novel pathway of NO2 − transformation in the environment in the presence of Fe(II) associated (sorbed and impurity) with kaolinite.
RESPONSE TO CYNTHIA HOLDER RICH, “MENTAL ILLNESS IN MADAGASCAR: A MODEL OF COMMUNITY-BASED CARE”

I want to thank Cynthia Holder Rich for an engaging contextual theology paper informed by economic and social development theories. I also want to thank her for revisiting her original paper on "Mental Illness in Madagascar" to consider the pastoral care implications of the shepherds and the healing camps and for entering into an interdisciplinary dialogue with pastoral theology. I will use the four implications that Cynthia proposes to structure my response, and in responding to these implications, I hope to address the theme of the Faith and Health Theological Study Group session—that is, the distinction between healing and curing and what we think we are or should be doing as pastoral caregivers.
Engineering High Dielectric Constant Materials for Band-Edge CMOS Applications

This paper summarizes studies performed using capping layers in conjunction with high-K dielectrics to obtain band-edge CMOS devices. MgO and Al2O3 cap layers are evaluated for nFET and pFET devices respectively. By precisely positioning the cap materials in the gate stack and evaluating their effect as a function of process temperature and capping layer thickness, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of threshold voltage shift caused by the capping layers is obtained. MgO is observed to readily diffuse into the HfO2 stack at temperatures as low as 600 oC while Al2O3 diffuses through HfO2 at higher temperatures of 1000 oC. MgO caps located below the HfO2 and processed at 600 oC provide the best scaling and maximum voltage shift, while a trade-off between scaling and voltage shift has to be made when using Al2O3 caps.
Aerostructural Design Optimization of an Adaptive Morphing Trailing Edge Wing

Adaptive morphing trailing edge technology offers the potential to decrease the fuel burn of transonic transport aircraft by allowing wings to dynamically adjust to changing flight conditions. Current aircraft use flap and aileron droop to adjust the wing during flight. However, this approach offers only a limited number of degrees of freedom, and the gaps in the wing created when using these devices introduce unnecessary drag. Morphing trailing edge technology offers more degrees of freedom, with a seamless interface between the wing and control surfaces. In this paper we seek to quantify the extent to which this technology can improve the fuel burn of transonic commercial transport sized aircraft. Starting from the undeformed Common Research Model (uCRM) geometry, we perform fixed-planform aerostructural optimizations of a standard wing, a wing retrofitted with a morphing trailing edge, and a clean sheet wing designed with the morphing trailing edge. The wing retrofitted with the morphing trailing edge improved the fuel burn as effectively as the full wing redesign without morphing. Additional fuel burn reductions were observed for the clean sheet design. The morphing trailing edge decreased the fuel burn by performing load alleviation at the maneuver condition, weakening the trade-off between cruise performance and maneuver structural constraints, resulting in lighter wingboxes and more aerodynamically efficient cruise configurations.
Longshore Bar Generation Mechanisms

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate mechanisms of bar formation with particular focus on infragravity wave and break point mechanisms. With one exception, all tests commenced with a planar beach composed of fine sand. Infragravity (IG) waves, the result of a biharmonic primary wave spectrum, were generated and documented. For various frequency differences of the components of the primary spectrum and thus the frequencies of the IG wave, the changes in nodal/antinodal positions were compared with the changes in positions of the bar formed during the experiment. It was found that the bar position experienced relatively small movements whereas the nodal/antinodal positions changed substantially as expected with the difference frequency of the primary waves. The approximately constant bar position was interpreted as due to the relatively constant primary wave height characteristics. The effects of the wave spectrum and wave height distribution on bar formation were investigated. The shape of the wave height probability distribution function was found to exert a noticeable control on the degree of bar relief, with those distributions characterized by a substantial concentration near the maximum wave height causing the more prominent bars. This is interpreted in terms of a transport influence function which, if held stationary, would result in a narrow prominent bar. The distributions with a small concentration near the maximum wave height resulted in a less prominent bar. A conceptual model is proposed which incorporates the transport distribution function and which results in bar characteristics which depend on the initial conditions.
Optimization of Undervoltage Sensing Protection Logic in Guizhou-Guangdong HVDC Line I

Aiming at a fault of protection misoperation emerged from switches breakdown in the 500 kV Yandu station of Guangdong,this paper analyses the logic of undervoltage sensing protection and the reasons of the protection misoperation according to the transient fault record,and proposes an optimization scheme of undervoltage sensing protection. Based on simulations on different working situations with the PSCAD /EMTDC simulation model for the HVDC Guizhou-Guangdong Line I,the rationality of protection threshold value selected in this paper is proved. With modified HVDC protection software of RTDS for the HVDC Guizhou-Guangdong Line I based on the proposed optimization scheme,the on-spot fault recorder playback experiment shows that the optimization protection logic can avoid the undervoltage sensing protection misoperation caused by AC exterior fault.
Epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Shenhe district of Shenyang city from 2005 to 2011

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features and trend of mumps and to provide basis for formulating and adjusting strategies in mumps prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the surveillance data on mumps in Shenhe district of Shenyang city from 2005 to 2011 from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.Results There were 2 699 cases of mumps reported between 2005 to 2011,with an average annual incidence rate of 50.56 per 100 000.The prevalence of mumps in the area demonstrated an obvious seasonality with two peaks in spring and summer and the greatest number of cases in May.The number of incidence was the highest in Wulihe sub-district,accounting for 12.56% of the total cases.Morbidity was significantly higher in the male,with a male to female ratio of 1.51:1.00.The highest mumps incidence occurred in the children aged 5-14 years,accounting for 68.40% of the all cases.Among the children cases,the proportion of the students were the most(66.37%).Conclusion The crowded places and institutions are the key sites for the prevention and control of mumps.We should carry out supplementary immunization campaigns timely to prevent and control the mumps epidemic.
The memorial’s arc: Between Berlin’s Denkmal and New York City’s 9/11 Memorial:

Without direct reference to the Holocaust or its contemporary “counter-monuments,” Michael Arad’s design for the National 9/11 Memorial at Ground Zero is nonetheless inflected by an entire post-war...