cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Proteasome modulator 9 gene SNPs, responsible for anti-depressant response, are in linkage with generalized anxiety disorder.

Proteasome modulator 9 (PSMD9) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1043307/rs2514259 (E197G) is associated with significant clinical response to the anti-depressant desipramine. PSMD9 SNP rs74421874 [intervening sequence (IVS) 3 + nt460 G>A], rs3825172 (IVS3 + nt437 C>T) and rs1043307/rs2514259 (E197G A>G) are all linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D), maturity-onset-diabetes-of the young 3 (MODY3), obesity and waist circumference, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, T2D-macrovascular and T2D-microvascular disease, T2D-neuropathy, T2D-carpal tunnel syndrome, T2D-nephropathy, T2D-retinopathy, non-diabetic retinopathy and depression. PSMD9 rs149556654 rare SNP (N166S A>G) and the variant S143G A>G also contribute to T2D. PSMD9 is located in the chromosome 12q24 locus, which per se is in linkage with depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety. In the present study, we wanted to determine whether PSMD9 is linked to general anxiety disorder in Italian T2D families. Two-hundred Italian T2D families were phenotyped for generalized anxiety disorder, using the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV. When the diagnosis was unavailable or unclear, the trait was reported as unknown. The 200 Italians families were tested for the PSMD9 T2D risk SNPs rs74421874 (IVS3 + nt460 G>A), rs3825172 (IVS3 +nt437 T>C) and for the T2D risk and anti-depressant response SNP rs1043307/rs2514259 (E197G A>G) for evidence of linkage with generalized anxiety disorder. Non-parametric linkage analysis was executed via Merlin software. One-thousand simulation tests were performed to exclude results due to random chance. In our study, the PSMD9 gene SNPs rs74421874, rs3825172, and rs1043307/rs2514259 result in linkage to generalized anxiety disorder. This is the first report describing PSMD9 gene SNPs in linkage to generalized anxiety disorder in T2D families. J. Cell. Physiol. 229: 1157–1159, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effect of Culture on Perspective Taking

People consider the mental states of other people to understand their actions. We evaluated whether such perspective taking is culture dependent. People in collectivistic cultures (e.g., China) are said to have interdependent selves, whereas people in individualistic cultures (e.g., the United States) are said to have independent selves. To evaluate the effect of culture, we asked Chinese and American pairs to play a communication game that required perspective taking. Eye-gaze measures demonstrated that the Chinese participants were more tuned into their partner's perspective than were the American participants. Moreover, Americans often completely failed to take the perspective of their partner, whereas Chinese almost never did. We conclude that cultural patterns of interdependence focus attention on the other, causing Chinese to be better perspective takers than Americans. Although members of both cultures are able to distinguish between their perspective and another person's perspective, cultural patt...
Effect of Oxidation on Phase Transformation in Ti-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag

Abstract. Effect of oxidation on phase transformation in Ti-bearing blast furnace slag is studied. The slag is analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX and metallographic microscope. The experiment results indelicate that the phase composition of the oxidized slag is simpler which are only rutile and glass phase. The titanaugite, Ti-rich diopside and perovskite phase are vanished and most of the Ti components were enriched in the rutile phase.
Vehicle #3: heliotropic furniture - an autonomous installation

My objective is to exhibit a group of furniture pieces titled Vehicle #3: Heliotropic Furniture. With the help of funding from San Diego State University, I have been engaged in the research, development, and construction of a body of work that features solar-powered electromechanical furniture objects that respond to changes in their immediate environment. These benches will move within an environment based on their own logic. Together they will create a autonomous interactive via photovoltaics. To work with the limited energy generated by the photovoltaic panels, I have incorporated composite materials, known for their incredible strength-to-weight ratio, to create ultra-light structures. I intend to exhibit Vehicle #3: Heliotropic Furniture as an interior installation allowing the furniture to roam within a delimited space.
Pareto optimal design of absorbers using a parallel elitist nondominated sorting genetic algorithm and the finite element-boundary integral method

Microwave absorbing structures have many applications including the lining of anechoic chambers and the reduction of electromagnetic interference. Pareto optimization is an important tool in the design of absorbers, since most absorbers must be designed keeping both performance and economy in mind. In this paper, a new elitist strategy is implemented into the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) to effectively and efficiently design broadband high performance electromagnetic absorbers. The absorbers are analyzed using the finite element boundary integral method, and the optimization is accelerated with parallel processing. Numerical tests demonstrate that the elitist NSGA proposed in this paper converges faster that the standard NSGA and other classical techniques for a wide variety of absorber design problems. Finally, this efficient elitist NSGA is applied to design complex polygonal absorbers. Numerical results not only demonstrate the robustness of the design algorithm, but also reveal some important information and advantages related to absorber designs based on Pareto optimization.
The Principle of Credulity and Religious Experience

In The Existence of God Richard Swinburne argues that certain religious experiences support the hypothesis that God exists. Indeed, the argument from religious experience is of crucial importance in Swinburne's philosophical theology. For, according to Swinburne, without the argument from religious experience the combined weight of the other arguments he considers, e.g. the teleological, the cosmological, or the argument from miracles, does not render the theistic hypothesis very probable. However, the argument from religious experience combined with these other arguments makes theism more probable than its rivals.
The Preparation of TiO2 Electrodes with Minimum Mott‐Schottky Frequency Dispersion

A preparation procedure for is described which produces electrodes with nearly ideal Mott‐Schottky plots in . The Mott‐Schottky plots are linear and exhibit slopes and intercepts nearly independent of applied frequency from 105 Hz to 50 KHz. Based on Mott‐Schottky intercepts and photocurrent onset potentials, vs. SCE in . Frequency dispersion increases when the electrodes are soaked in , examined in , or used to generate photocurrent in . The origins and possible remedies for frequency dispersion are discussed. The need for statistical analyses of Mott‐Schottky plots over a range of frequencies is emphasized.
Building systems for universal health coverage in South Korea

Na, Sanggon; Kwon, Sooman.March, 2015.Building systems for universal health coverage in South Korea,Reports,Washington, D.C.The World Bank,Discussion Paper/98266,34
Implementation of the power system weighted least absolute value state estimator using an improved l/sub 1/ linear approximation algorithm

Power system states can be estimated using the weighted least absolute value (WLAV) estimation technique. The estimation procedure is carried out iteratively by solving an l/sub 1/-linear approximation problem at each iteration. While the approximation problem can be solved by the standard simplex method, the special structure of the system equations makes further improvements in the algorithm possible. Such a procedure is developed using an algorithm originally suggested by L. Barrodale and F.D.K. Roberts (1973). The adaptation of this algorithm to the solution of the power system states in a WLAV estimator is carried out, and the problem size is considerably reduced, exploiting the characteristics of the measurement equations. Implementation details of the developed program together with some numerical results of running it on realistic size power systems are presented. >
Wall-to-platform migration in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry.: Part 2. Low-temperature migration characteristics of thallium, lead, cadmium, and manganese during thermal pretreatment

Abstract Analyte migration, with respect to graphite surface temperature, was investigated quantitatively by observing analyte transfer from the initial deposition site on the inner wall of a graphite furnace to a cooler L'vov platform. Under typical thermal pretreatment conditions, species of thallium, lead, cadmium, and manganese were observed to migrate from the wall at temperatures of 250, 400–500, 300–350, and 1000°C, respectively. Migration probably occurs through low-temperature vaporization of oxides, metals, or salts of the analyte. These results highlight errors that may occur during routine analysis. Analytes that have migrated during thermal pretreatment may be atomized at a lower temperature, or may be lost through diffusion out of the ends of the furnace. The routine use of modifiers, such as mixtures containing palladium salts, is especially important for stabilizing analytes during thermal pretreatment, and thus preventing low-temperature migration.
Volume and osmotic properties of human neutrophils

Quantitative models describing the dynamics of human neutrophils in the microcirculation require accurate morphometric parameters such as volume and surface membrane area. Using both a micropipette technique and video light microscopy (LM) to measure the diameters of the spherical cells, we have accurately determined the volume of the human neutrophil. Our value, 299 +/- 32 microns 3, is in good agreement with our earlier results, but 55% larger than that reported by Schmid-Schonbein et al (Blood 56:866, 1980). However, the measurements of Schmid-Schonbein et al were based on the actual mass of the cells derived from transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images. The membrane surface area, at lysis, was calculated to be 2.6 times its initial projected area. After lysis, the cells do not reduce their size, indicative of the possibility of a F-actin network formation that would stiffen the structure. Further, we show that neutrophils behave as ideal osmometers when exposed to anisotonic solutions at 21 degrees C, as predicted by the Boyle-Van't Hoff relationship. The calculated Ponder's value, R, is 0.77, which corresponds to 77% of the cell volume being osmotically active under isotonic conditions. However, at 37 degrees C, the cells are able to regulate their volumes toward the original volumes after an osmotic stress.
Increased fatigue of isovelocity vs. isometric contractions of canine diaphragm

A comparison of fatigue as a loss of force with repeated contractions over time was performed in canine respiratory muscle by isometric (nonshortening) and isovelocity (shortening) contractions. In situ diaphragm muscle strips were attached to a linear ergometer and electrically stimulated (30 or 40 Hz) via the left phrenic nerve to produce either isometric (n = 12) or isovelocity (n = 12) contractions (1.5 s) from optimal muscle length (Lo = 8.8 cm). Similar velocities of shortening between isovelocity experiments [0.19 +/- 0.02 (SD) Lo/S] were produced by maximizing the mean power output (Wmax = 210 +/- 27 mW/cm2) that could be developed over 1.5 s when displacement was approximately 0.30 Lo. Initial peak isometric tension was 1.98 kg/cm2, whereas initial peak isovelocity tension was 1.84 kg/mc2 (P less than 0.01) or 93% of initial isometric tension. Fatigue trials of 5 min were conducted on muscles contracting at a constant duty cycle (0.43). At the end of the trials, peak isovelocity tension had fallen to 50% of initial isometric tension (P less than 0.01), whereas peak isometric tension had only fallen by 27%. These results indicate that muscle shortening during force production has a significant influence on diaphragm muscle fatigue. We conclude that the effects of shortening on fatigue must be considered in models of respiratory muscle function, because these muscles typically shorten during breathing.
Optimum Location, Number and Size of Processing Plants with Raw Product and Final Product Shipments

The transhipment model of linear programming is utilized in this study to consider simultaneously the costs of shipping raw materials, processing, and shipping final product. The problem concerns the location and size of California cattle slaughtering plants given the location and quantity of slaughter animals and the final product demand. An iterative procedure is used to incorporate economies of scale in processing in addition to transfer costs in obtaining the minimum cost solution. Thirty-two regions in California plus two regions each for out-of-state animals and dressed beef shipments are considered. Slaughtering is indicated for 12 in-state regions with plants of varying scale, a solution which indicates the importance of assembly and distribution costs as well as economies of scale in processing in determining the optimum size of plant.
Early eukaryotic origins for cilia-associated bioactive peptide-amidating activity

Ciliary axonemes and basal bodies were present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor and play crucial roles in sensing and responding to environmental cues. Peptidergic signaling, generally considered a metazoan innovation, is essential for organismal development and homeostasis. Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is crucial for the last step of bioactive peptide biosynthesis. However, identification of a complete PAM-like gene in green algal genomes suggests ancient evolutionary roots for bioactive peptide signaling. We demonstrate that the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii PAM gene encodes an active peptide-amidating enzyme (CrPAM) that shares key structural and functional features with the mammalian enzyme, indicating that components of the peptide biosynthetic pathway predate multicellularity. In addition to its secretory pathway localization, CrPAM localizes to cilia and tightly associates with the axonemal superstructure, revealing a new axonemal enzyme activity. This localization pattern is conserved in mammals, with PAM present in both motile and immotile sensory cilia. The conserved ciliary localization of PAM adds to the known signaling capabilities of the eukaryotic cilium and provides a potential mechanistic link between peptidergic signaling and endocrine abnormalities commonly observed in ciliopathies.
Public Attitudes About Land Use Policy and Their Impact on State Policy-Makers

Results from a study in Ohio, and replicated in six additional states, show public opinion toward state land use regulation to be aggregated around two major attitudes: the Environmentalists stress the impact of negative developmental externalities and favor broader review of land use decisions; the Localists are concerned with accountability and local control of decision-making. An intensive analysis of the Ohio Land Use Work Group reveals the policy-making elite in basic sympathy with the Environmentalists, but constrained by intra-agency rivalries and apprehensions about public reaction. Discussion focuses on the shifting public consensus toward greater land use control, and the implications for state policy-making. Attitudes toward property have always been fundamental in distinguishing political ideologies from one another, and no concept is more closely identified with property than land. The question of land use in this country, as Elkin (1974:165) has noted, has always been characterized by conflict, and in this respect we need only recall the early range wars, the battles over open grazing land vs. fencing and among cattlemen and sheep herders. Despite these divisions, Americans were in general agreement that the marketplace, not government, would settle them: land would ultimately be allocated among competing uses according to return on investment. Only in the 20th century did Americans accept government interference that *Originally read at a meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, 1975. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial assistance from the Academy for Contemporary Problems, Columbus, Ohio, and from the Ohio Office of Budget and Management. Special appreciation is expressed to the Academy's president, Ralph R. Widner, and to Dean Clark and Paul Goesling who, at the time of the study, were affiliated with OBM. Gratitude also to individuals who facilitated the national-regional interviewing: David Gillespie, Brij Khare, Michael Obrey, Michael Shay, Joseph Thomas, and Hugh Winebrenner. ? PUBLIUS, The Journal of Federalism, The Center for The Study of Federalism, Winter 1976
Cross-links in carbon nanotube assembly introduced by using polyacrylonitrile as precursor.

Individual carbon nanotube (CNT) exhibits extraordinary mechanics. However, the properties of the macroscopic CNT-based structure, such as CNT fibers and films, are far lower than that of individual CNT. One of the main reasons is the weak interaction between tubes and bundles in the CNT assemblies. It is understood that the cross-links in CNT assembly play a key role to improve the performance of CNT-based structure. Different approaches have been taken to create CNT joints. Most of these approaches focus on connecting CNTs by generating new covalent bonding between tubes. In this work, we intend to reinforce the CNT network by locking the contacted CNTs. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) was used as precursor because PAN can form graphitic structures after carbonization. The freestanding superthin CNT sheet and CNT yarn were used to evaluate the effects of the PAN precursor to form cross-links between CNTs. The tensile strength of CNT yarn is improved when the yarn is partially infiltrated with PAN and consequent...
Quantifying food consumption and growth in insects

Relative consumption rate is frequently calculated as weight of food consumed divided by mean body weight over the course of the feeding period. However, mean weight incorporates weight change, which is a function of digestive efficiency; relative consumption rate, therefore, is inherently dependent on physiological responses. In short-term (within one instar) experiments quantifying insect behavior, the maximum amount of food an insect can eat is not likely to vary directly with body weight. Under such circumstances, it is more appropriate to relate consumption to the weight of the insect at the beginning of the test, not to mean weight. The use of mean weights produces a similar bias in relative growth rate.
Life in an extreme environment: Characterizing wave-imposed forces in the rocky intertidal zone using high temporal resolution hydrodynamic measurements

Hydrodynamic forces produced by breaking waves make the rocky intertidal zone one of the most physically stressful environments on the planet, and for many ecological studies, it is important to quantify intertidal flows. However, hydrodynamic measurements with a response time rapid enough to reliably identify “impingement events” – large, transient increases in force occurring at wave arrival – have not been made, although impingement events are hypothesized to be the largest hydrodynamic forces in the intertidal zone. We built a custom force transducer to measure short-duration flows in the intertidal zone, and took measurements of force acting on both a drag sphere and a rigid limpet model. Based on our results, we estimate impingement events occur in 7–14% of waves, and when present, they are the dominant force in the wave. The mean ratio of maximum force to the second largest force within a wave was approximately 1.5 for impingement waves, in contrast to 1.2 for non-impingement waves. However, contrary to previous hypotheses, impingement events are not necessarily the largest forces imposed on intertidal organisms. At our site, non-impingement waves recorded on the drag sphere had a mean maximum force 61% greater than the mean maximum force of waves with impingement events. Our results thus suggest that impingement is not necessarily the greatest hydrodynamic danger to organisms. Future studies should use high temporal resolution measurements to identify the largest transient forces regardless of when they occur in a wave, and to assess how such brief forces might affect intertidal organisms.
Abstract B67: Identifying obesity-linked gene expression changes in prostate cancer

Background: Obese men are at higher risk of advanced prostate cancer and have higher rates of cancer-specific mortality after diagnosis. The biological mechanisms explaining this association are unknown. Using mRNA expression profiles of tissue from prostate cancer patients, we aimed to identify pathways that are differentially altered among overweight/obese men compared to healthy weight men. Methods: The study includes men with prostate cancer in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and the Physicians9 Health Study, for whom archival tissue and long-term follow-up is available. Whole genome mRNA expression profiling was performed on tumor (N=402) and adjacent normal (N=200) tissue using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST Array. Body mass index (BMI) was taken from questionnaires before diagnosis. Among 402 men in the study, 113 lethal events (metastasis or death) were recorded. We identified top Gene Ontology biological processes differentially expressed by obesity status using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Pathway scores were computed for each tumor by averaging the normalized signal intensities of all member genes. Odds ratios for lethal disease were estimated using logistic regression. Results: 48% of men were healthy weight (BMI 18.5 to To look further into the role of chromatin remodeling, we calculated a pathway score based on 35 chromatin-related leading edge genes from the obesity GSEA. As expected, the score was significantly associated with BMI. In addition, the score was positively associated with pathologic stage and Gleason grade. After adjustment for age and year at diagnosis, the score was associated with lethal progression, with an odds ratio of 6.78 (95% CI: 3.42, 14.16) for lethal outcome comparing extreme quartiles. After further adjusting for stage and Gleason grade the odds ratio decreased slightly but remained significant. In a mediation analysis, we found that 36% of the BMI effect on lethal outcome was mediated by the score. Conclusion: Genes involved in chromatin regulation were enriched in tumor tissue of obese men. Tumors with high expression of these genes were found to have worse clinical characteristics and poorer outcomes. Our findings support a role for epigenetic regulation in the obesity-lethal prostate cancer relationship. Citation Format: Ericka M. Ebot, Travis Gerke, Svitlana Tyekucheva, David P. Labbe, Giorgia Zadra, Rachel S. Kelly, Michaela Bowden, Jennifer R. Rider, M Kathryn Wilson, Neil E. Martin, Myles Brown, Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Edward L. Giovannucci, Massimo Loda, Lorelei A. Mucci. Identifying obesity-linked gene expression changes in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Metabolism and Cancer; Jun 7-10, 2015; Bellevue, WA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2016;14(1_Suppl):Abstract nr B67.
Decentering the Human in the Design of Collaborative Cities

Abstract Cities are currently being redesigned with sensors and data at their core. Environmental monitoring, crime tracking and traffic mapping are just a few examples of the socio-technical syste...
Poverty and inequality

Poverty Capitalism holds out the promise of economic well-being for those who immerse themselves in the market, the “cash nexus” as Marx refers to it. Admission to the market is open to anyone with something to sell. By the same token, however, the market is closed to those with nothing of (market) value. The market is the ultimate arbiter of who has something of value and how much that something is worth. The market has no interest in assuring that we all have something of value or that the value of what we own will be sufficient to provide us income adequate to meet our needs. The possibility always exists that we will be left out. If we are left out, then the private enterprise economy tells us that we must bear the burden of the worthlessness of our endowment. Those left in this state are the poor, and their state is one of poverty (see Dreze and Sen 1989). Poverty means deprivation, but deprivation of what? Poverty means unsatisfied wants, but wants of what kind? Before exploring the relation of poverty to capitalism, we need to consider further what it means to be poor. Clearly, we could take survival as a benchmark, perhaps treating famine as the limiting point of poverty. Yet famine differs from poverty in that, unlike famine, poverty is a way of life. Understanding poverty as a way of life demands that we define it in broader terms than those suggested by the notion of survival.
Current-Based Resonant Power Delivery With Multi-Cycle Switching for Extended-Range Inductive Power Transmission

A current-based resonant power delivery (CRPD) technique with multi-cycle switching has been presented that enables efficient inductive power transmission at large distances. Unlike the conventional inductive link, in which the receiver (Rx) LC-tank is utilized as a voltage source, the proposed CRPD switches the Rx LC-tank for several cycles in a novel fashion to utilize it as a current source. Therefore, the voltage across the load $(R_{L})$ can be significantly higher than the Rx LC-tank voltage. This eliminates the need for DC-DC charge pumps or AC-DC voltage multipliers, which require several capacitors and diodes. In CRPD, the energy is first stored in the Rx coil by shorting the Rx LC-tank for several power carrier cycles. At the peak of Rx coil current, the coil energy is then transferred to $R_{L}$ for a quarter of the power carrier cycle. The circuit theory behind CRPD has been developed and verified with simulation results. A proof-of-concept CRPD was also characterized in measurements to demonstrate its feasibility. In measurements, CRPD was capable of achieving the DC voltage of 3.1 V across an $R_{L}$ of 100 $\text{k}\Omega$ , by switching the Rx LC-tank at 50 kHz with an AC voltage amplitude of 1 V across the Rx coil at the operation frequency of 1 MHz. Moreover, compared to a conventional inductive link followed by a passive rectifier, to achieve a minimum DC voltage of 2.8 V across an $R_{L}$ of 100 $\text{k}\Omega$ the proposed CRPD extended the range from 7 cm to 13 cm for the same voltage across the transmitter coil.
Research opportunities for nanoscale CMOS

In this paper, the authors analyze the potential performance advantages of using III-V compound semiconductors to provide high device performance. The performance of ultra-thin body double-gate FETs of various III-V compound semiconductors (GaAs, InAs, InSb) was analyzed and compared with Ge and Si. The performance limits of ultra-thin body double-gated (DG) III-V channel MOSFETs are presented in this paper. An analytical ballistic model including all the valleys (Gamma-, X- and L-), was used to simulate the source to drain current. The band-to-band (BTBT) limited off currents, including both the direct and the indirect components, were simulated using TAURUSTM. Our results show that at significantly high gate fields, the current in the III-V materials is largely carried in the heavier L-valleys than the lighter Gamma- valleys, due to the low density of states (DOS) in the Gamma, similar to current conduction in Ge. Moreover, these high mobility materials like InAs, InSb and Ge suffer from excessive BTBT which seriously limits device performance. Large bandgap III-V materials like GaAs exhibit best performance due to an ideal combination of low conductivity effective electron mass and a large bandgap.
The Early Life of Harold Hotelling

While the names Gauss , Galton and Fisher may not be well known to finance students of statistics, the name Hotelling often elicits at least some acknowledgment. This is perhaps because he helped establish statistics, economics and econometrics from a distinctly American perspective. Fisher was experiencing resistance in England over his theories that defied the powers that be in Britain’s statistical community. America was more receptive. Its embracement of Fisherian statistics caused the center of mass of the statistics world to migrate across the ocean. The primary proponent was an American mathematician and economist whose ancestors made the same migration as founders of America’s first colonies.
A Robust Iterated Extended Kalman Filter for Power System Dynamic State Estimation

This paper develops a robust iterated extended Kalman filter (EKF) based on the generalized maximum likelihood approach (termed GM-IEKF) for estimating power system state dynamics when subjected to disturbances. The proposed GM-IEKF dynamic state estimator is able to track system transients in a faster and more reliable way than the conventional EKF and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) thanks to its batch-mode regression form and its robustness to innovation and observation outliers, even in position of leverage. Innovation outliers may be caused by impulsive noise in the dynamic state model while observation outliers may be due to large biases, cyber attacks, or temporary loss of communication links of PMUs. Good robustness and high statistical efficiency under Gaussian noise are achieved via the minimization of the Huber convex cost function of the standardized residuals. The latter is weighted via a function of robust distances of the two-time sequence of the predicted state and innovation vectors and calculated by means of the projection statistics. The state estimation error covariance matrix is derived using the total influence function, resulting in a robust state prediction in the next time step. Simulation results carried out on the IEEE 39-bus test system demonstrate the good performance of the GM-IEKF under Gaussian and non-Gaussian process and observation noise.
Deep convolutional neural network for survival analysis with pathological images

Traditional Cox proportional hazard model for survival analysis are based on structured features like patients' sex, smoke years, BMI, etc. With the development of medical imaging technology, more and more unstructured medical images are available for diagnosis, treatment and survival analysis. Traditional survival models utilize these unstructured images by extracting human-designed features from them. However, we argue that those hand-crafted features have limited abilities in representing highly abstract information. In this paper, we for the first time develop a deep convolutional neural network for survival analysis (DeepConvSurv) with pathological images. The deep layers in our model could represent more abstract information compared with hand-crafted features from the images. Hence, it will improve the survival prediction performance. From our extensive experiments on the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) lung cancer data, we show that the proposed DeepConvSurv model improves significantly compared with four state-of-the-art methods.
Risks at the DNA Replication Fork: Effects upon Carcinogenesis and Tumor Heterogeneity

The ability of all organisms to copy their genetic information via DNA replication is a prerequisite for cell division and a biological imperative of life. In multicellular organisms, however, mutations arising from DNA replication errors in the germline and somatic cells are the basis of genetic diseases and cancer, respectively. Within human tumors, replication errors additionally contribute to mutator phenotypes and tumor heterogeneity, which are major confounding factors for cancer therapeutics. Successful DNA replication involves the coordination of many large-scale, complex cellular processes. In this review, we focus on the roles that defects in enzymes that normally act at the replication fork and dysregulation of enzymes that inappropriately damage single-stranded DNA at the fork play in causing mutations that contribute to carcinogenesis. We focus on tumor data and experimental evidence that error-prone variants of replicative polymerases promote carcinogenesis and on research indicating that the primary target mutated by APOBEC (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like) cytidine deaminases is ssDNA present at the replication fork. Furthermore, we discuss evidence from model systems that indicate replication stress and other cancer-associated metabolic changes may modulate mutagenic enzymatic activities at the replication fork.
Is a person-affecting solution to the nonidentity problem impossible? Axiology, accessibility and additional people

This paper considers two objections based in axiological considerations against the position that whether a given outcome, or possible future or world, is morally worse than a second world may depend in part on what is going on at a third world. Such a wide-angled approach to determining worseness is critical to the solution I have previously proposed in connection with the nonidentity problem. I argue that both objections fail.
Country-Specific Investments and the Rights of Non-Citizen

In a 2007 article, Adam Cox and Eric Posner developed a “Second Order” theory of immigration law that offered predictions about when countries are likely to provide non-citizens with strong legal protections from removal. They argued that states benefit when migrants make “country-specific” investments, but that migrants are only willing to make those investments when they are afforded strong legal protections that would secure their place in the host country. One implication of this theory was that because countries with less common national languages require greater country-specific investments from migrants, those countries are likely to provide migrants with strong legal protections. In this essay, we empirically evaluate that hypothesis. Consistent with the theory, we find that countries with less common national languages are more likely to provide a Right to Asylum in their constitution or sign Bilateral Labor Agreements.
Will succession planning at the Department of Energy/Nevada succeed?

TABLE OF CHARTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INTRODUCTION SUCCESSION PLANNING SUCCESSION PLANNING AT DOE NEVADA RESEARCH METHODS RESULTS AND FINDINGS IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUSION REFERENCES CITED APPENDICES iv v vii 8 11 15 18 20 42 47 49
Sustainable Business: Toward a Nature-Centered Process

Abstract Do human beings have a moral obligation to preserve the planet for future generations? Humankind is forward thinking; we create dowries, legacies, endowments, and pass down heirlooms and traditions for future generations. We belabor our regrets of the past but remain hopeful and anxious for the future. Patek Philippe watches capture this sentiment in the “you never actually own a Patek Philippe, you merely take care of it for the next generation” advertisements. If humans tend to look toward the future to right wrongs, then why do we not have the same sentiment when it comes to the planet? Why do institutions struggle to find a balance between profitability and sustainability? This article will provide an overview of the influences that motivate corporations to uphold sustainability in business. The use of leadership styles that complement a greener platform will be emphasized. However, it will be argued that any leader in the role of transforming a company from profit-motivated to sustainability...
Reduced Order H∞ Filters with Singular Measurements

Abstract This paper deals with the problem of reduced order H ∞ filters for systems with singular measurements. A detailed derivation is given to demonstrate how the bounded real lemma can be judiciously used to obtain the filter design equations for systems with purely singular measurements. New results of filter design for systems with partially singular measurement are also presented.
Sigmoid volvulus and its management: a study of 38 cases

Background: Sigmoid volvulus is one of the commonest causes of distal colonic obstruction. Early diagnosis and early surgical intervention reduces mortality and morbidity. Study design: Case series. Aim of the study: To study the incidence of intestinal obstruction, age distribution, procedures adopted in the management and post operative outcome. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted upon 38 patients diagnosed with sigmoid volvulus in surgical unit of our institute from November 2008 – October 2010. Results: 38 patients were with sigmoid volvulus, initially treated conservatively by initially passing a flatus tube and soap and water enema. All the cases were operated of which three underwent Sigmoidopexy, three underwent exteriorization, one underwent Hartmann procedure and others underwent primary resection and anastomosis. Post operative period was uneventful but for 3 cases (7.9%) who had fatal outcome. Recurrence was nil up to 3 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Early intervention by primary resection and end-to-end anastomosis is superior to all other procedures and can be safely employed with satisfactory results.
The C6 zinc cluster dictates asymmetric binding by HAP1.

Abstract Unlike other C6 zinc cluster proteins such as GAL4 and PPR1, HAP1 binds selectively to asymmetric DNA sites containing a direct repeat of two CGG triplets. Here, we show that the HAP1 zinc cluster is solely responsible for asymmetric binding by HAP1. An asymmetric interaction between two zinc clusters of a HAP1 dimer must position the zinc clusters in a directly repeated orientation, and enable them to recognize two CGG triplets in a direct repeat. Further, our data suggest that this asymmetric interaction acts cooperatively with the interaction between dimerization elements to promote HAP1 dimerization, and locks HAP1-DNA complexes in a stable, dimeric conformation.
On the Smoothness of Elements of Ext

For X a compact metrizable space Brown, Fillmore and I introduced in [2] the study of a certain class of C*-algebra extensions of K(H) by C(X), where K(H) is the C*-algebra of compact operators on the complex separable Hilbert space H. In this note we want to consider some questions concerning the fine analytical structure of such extensions. The partial answers seem sufficient to suggest that further study would be worthwhile.
Anisotropic Plastic Potentials for Porous Metallic Materials

In all the constitutive models for porous plastic materials presented in previous chapters, it was presumed that the matrix can be regarded as isotropic. However, most engineering materials display plastic anisotropy (see Chaps. 5 and 6 ). In this chapter are presented key contributions toward understanding the role played by the matrix plastic anisotropy on yielding and damage evolution in single crystals and strongly textured polycrystalline materials containing randomly distributed spherical voids.
Glassy Carbon, NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM 3600): Hydrogen Content, Neutron Vibrational Density of States and Heat Capacity

Commercial glassy carbon plates being used as absolute intensity calibration standards in small-angle X-ray scattering applications (NIST SRM 3600) have been characterized in several recent publications. This contribution adds to the characterization by measuring the hydrogen content of a plate to be (4.8 ± 0.2) × 10−4 (mol H)/(mol C), and by measuring the vibrational spectrum by neutron inelastic scattering. The spectrum bears a strong resemblance to published measurements on graphite, allowing the identification of several spectral features. The measured spectrum is used to calculate the heat capacity of low-hydrogen-content glassy carbon for comparison with measurements reported here from 20 to 295 K.
Energy savings and usability of zero-client computing in office settings

This study provides a detailed comparison of the power consumption, usability, and applicability of virtual machines (VMs)—accessed through zero-client devices—and traditional laptop computers in o...
Determinants of Fertilizer Use in Maharashtra

The study was conducted for regionwise determinants of fertilizer use for major crops in Maharashtra. Regression model was used to study the determinants of fertilizer use in year 2013-14 for selected major crops viz., paddy, wheat, Rabi jowar , gram, red gram, oilseeds, groundnut and soybean, cotton and sugarcane in the area under study. At overall level in Maharashtra state determinants of fertilizer use of major crops showed that, irrigated area under crops showed positive relationship with fertilizer consumption in case of wheat, cotton and Adsali sugarcane. Gross family income received has significant positive association with the fertilizer consumption in groundnut and gram. Fertilizer expenditure incurred showed significant positive association with the consumption of fertilizers in red gram and cotton. The variable one year lagged price of crop output observed to be positive and significant in case of wheat and gram. Area under commercial crop showed significant influence on fertilizer consumption in red gram and Rabi jowar . Fertilizer expenditure in wheat and soybean crop, gross family income in cotton crop, one year lagged price in red gram and Rabi jowar crop and area under commercial crop in gram output had negatively significant effect output of these crops for varied reasons ranging from less preference for staple crop, excess inventory in the market and over use of resource resulting in declining in marginal product. The variable rainfall depicted a significant influence on fertilizer consumption in cotton and soybean crop. All these variables together explained 71 to 89 per cent of total variation in the consumption of fertilizes in all the selected crops.
Advances in pediatric antimicrobial agents development.

Purpose of review Rising rates of multidrug-resistant organisms has necessitated the development of novel antimicrobials. In this review, we will highlight agents that have recently received licensure and those that are in clinical development. Recent findings In recent years, development of novel antimicrobial agents has accelerated. Although most studies have targeted the adult population, studies in pediatric patients are underway. Adequately powered clinical trials are needed to establish the safety and role of these new drugs. Summary The recent development of novel antimicrobials to combat multidrug-resistant organisms is encouraging; however, more studies in the pediatric population are needed.
Effective and Novel Application of Hydrodynamic Voltammetry to the Study of Superoxide Radical Scavenging by Natural Phenolic Antioxidants

The reactions of antioxidants with superoxide radical were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV)—and hydrodynamic voltammetry at a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE). In both methods, the superoxide is generated in solution from dissolved oxygen and then measured after being allowed to react with the antioxidant being studied. Both methods detected and measured the radical scavenging but the RRDE was able to give detailed insight into the antioxidant behavior. Three flavonoids, chrysin, quercetin and eriodictyol, were studied, their scavenging activity of superoxide was assessed and the molecular structure of each flavonoid was related to its scavenging capability. From our improved and novel RRDE method, we determine the ability of these 3 antioxidants to react with superoxide radical in a more quantitative manner than the classical CV. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and single crystal X-ray diffraction data provide structural information that assists in clarifying the scavenging molecular mechanism. Hydroxyls associated with the A ring, as found in chrysin, scavenge superoxide in a different manner than those found in the B ring of flavonoids, as those in quercetin and eriodictyol.
Forty years of editorship of psychiatry research

The astonishing 20 fold growth of the yearly published psychiatric research literature over the past four decades has been paralleled and facilitated by the internet application of electronic publishing. This personal history highlights the decade by decade 1978-2018 augmentation and erosion of this interelationship from the founding of Psychiatry Research to the present day.
Computational speckle contrast optical tomography

We present and validate a forward model for modeling light propagation in brain tissue. The model is a dynamic light scattering Monte Carlo simulation that tracks the dynamic scattering events of a photon through a brain tissue geometry. We use the simulation to create a simulated laser speckle contrast image, and compare the simulated image with experimental images.
Smartphone Augmented Reality CT-Based Platform for Needle Insertion Guidance: A Phantom Study

To develop and assess the accuracy of an augmented reality (AR) needle guidance smartphone application. A needle guidance AR smartphone application was developed using Unity and Vuforia SDK platforms, enabling real-time displays of planned and actual needle trajectories. To assess the application’s accuracy in a phantom, eleven operators (including interventional radiologists, non-interventional radiology physicians, and non-physicians) performed single-pass needle insertions using AR guidance (n = 8) and CT-guided freehand (n = 8). Placement errors were measured on post-placement CT scans. Two interventional radiologists then used AR guidance (n = 3) and CT-guided freehand (n = 3) to navigate needles to within 5 mm of targets with intermediate CT scans permitted to mimic clinical use. The total time and number of intermediate CT scans required for successful navigation were recorded. In the first experiment, the average operator insertion error for AR-guided needles was 78% less than that for CT-guided freehand (2.69 ± 2.61 mm vs. 12.51 ± 8.39 mm, respectively, p < 0.001). In the task-based experiment, interventional radiologists achieved successful needle insertions on each first attempt when using AR guidance, thereby eliminating the need for intraoperative CT scans. This contrasted with 2 ± 0.9 intermediate CT scans when using CT-guided freehand. Additionally, average procedural times were reduced from 13.1 ± 6.6 min with CT-guided freehand to 4.5 ± 1.3 min with AR guidance, reflecting a 66% reduction. All operators exhibited superior needle insertion accuracy when using the smartphone-based AR guidance application compared to CT-guided freehand. This AR platform can potentially facilitate percutaneous biopsies and ablations by improving needle insertion accuracy, expediting procedural times, and reducing radiation exposures.