cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Effect of erythropoietin on RNA synthesis by normal and leukemic bone marrow and spleen cell suspensions in vitro.

Erythropoietin (EPO) induced a 42% increase in 3H-uridine incorporation into RNA after a 5-hr culture of normal bone marrow cell suspensions. Bone marrow cells obtained from rats 3-5 days after the initiation of a myelogenous leukemia exhibited a decreased responsivity to EPO. At this time incorporation of the isotope into RNA in the presence of EPO was approximately 50% of controls. Rats rendered leukemic 8-10 days prior to culture showed no bone marrow response to EPO even in those instances where leukemic cells comprised a relatively small percentage of the marrow compartment. EPO had little or no effect on RNA synthesis by spleen cells obtained from normal and leukemic rats. This was noted even in those leukemic spleens in which erythropoiesis was observed. The data suggest that the anemia associated with myelogenous leukemia may, in part, be due to a loss of EPO-responsive cells and/or a loss of sensitivity of these elements to normal humoral control.
Advancing public mental health research in Latin America

This special issue on Mental Health of the Journal of the School of Medicine, represents a significant contribution to the advance of public mental health research and training in Latin America. The editors (as well as the authors) deserve much credit for having conceived and implemented the joint publication of these papers. In this brief introduction, I draw attention to four ways in which their effort is likely to accelerate progress in this field...
The adjuvant effect of pertussis vaccine in experimental thyroiditis of the rat.

SummarySingle injections of rat thyroid extract with complete Freund adjuvant were not consistent in eliciting significant thyroid pathology in Lewis rats. Identical treatment accompanied by a simultaneous but separate injection of 100 billion killed pertussis organisms was consistently effective in inducing marked thyroid changes at an earlier time. Lewis rats developed thyroid lesions approximately 1 week earlier than Fischer 344 rats receiving the same treatment. Pertussis vaccine also seemed to increase the level of circulating autoantibodies to thyroid.
Spin-Valve Effect in Magnetic Resonant Tunneling Devices

We propose a new electronic device utilizing resonant tunneling between two magnetic materials. The device is comprised of a semiconductor quantum well sandwiched between two insulating barriers and two ferromagnetic electrodes. The situation in which a resonant level fits in the energy interval where the minority density of states of a ferromagnetic emitter is zero can be considered as an almost ideal spin valve and leads to a great enhancement of magnetoresistance. This situation can be achieved by tuning the width of the quantum well. As an example we will consider GaMnAs/AlAs/GaAs/AlAs/GaMnAs double-barrier heterostructure. We can demonstrate that at a certain thickness of the quantum well and the barriers this system can significantly outperform conventional tunneling junctions comprised of one insulating barrier sandwiched between two ferromagnetic electrodes.
Terror, Trauma, Transitions: Representing Violence in Sri Lankan Literature

Because of Sri Lanka’s 26-year-long ethnic conflict between the Sri Lankan government and militant groups like the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and the comparatively brief but bloody conflict between the Sri Lankan government and the Janata Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP), violence has occupied an important place in contemporary Sri Lankan literature. This essay surveys the role of violence in contemporary Sri Lanka literature in English, Tamil, and Sinhala, considering the ways in which literature bears witness to violence, mourns violence, protests violence, and calls for and models dialogue and reconciliation.
Effectiveness Evaluation on Control Measures of Iodine Deficiency Disorders in a City for the Recent 50 Years

Objective To summarize and analyse the control effects and measures of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD)in Jingmen City for about 50 years, and provide evidence for the consolidation of achievements in prevention and control of IDD.Methods The data of the prevention and control of IDD were collected and filed,and statistical analysis and effectiveness analysis were made according to different stages of the prevention and control.Results The prevalence of goiter has decreased from 25.29% in 1975 to 1.6% in 1985.The goiter rate in children aged 7-14 has decreased from 32.5%in 1990 to 15.47%in 1994.The goiter rate in children aged 8-10 has decreased from 26.17% in 1996 to 6.88% in 2007,and there have been no current cretinism for 20 years.The median of salt iodine increased from 14.8mg/kg in 1994 to 35.88% in 2001.The qualified rate of iodized salt in households and the coverage rate of iodized salt and the eating rate of qualified iodized salt continued to reached 90%above for 9 years.The median of urinary iodine in children continued to reach 300μg/L for 10 years.Conclusions Jingmen City had reached the national elimination IDD standard by 2009,and had made remarkable results.It is suggested in the paper that the concentration of iodized salt in households which was the reason for the overly high urinary iodine in children aged 8-10 should been reduced as soon as possible.Health education on iodized salt is not ignorable for the awareness rate in the pupils graded 5 for IDD was not high.
Evaluation of thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary function.

The clinical signs and endocrinologic abnormalities that characterize horses with pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal dysfunction are described. Laboratory tests and hormonal assays useful for evaluating horses with suspected endocr-nopathies are discussed.
Say What? The Affordable Care Act, Medicare, and Hearing Aids

One of the most common consequences of aging is hearing loss, representing the third most prevalent chronic medical condition among seniors. Empirical evidence links hearing loss to a variety of other medical conditions, including depression, falls, and cognitive problems. Additionally, there is a demonstrated relationship between hearing loss and dementia. And yet, most insurance programs do not cover the cost of hearing aids. Even Medicare, the federal insurance program for those aged sixty-five and over, statutorily excludes coverage of hearing aids, which cost between $2,000 and $7,000 a pair.The Affordable Care Act (“ACA”), reflecting a radical departure from the goals embodied in the 1965 Medicare law, presents a lens for examining this issue anew. Numerous statutory provisions and the philosophy embodied in the ACA are useful catalysts for reform of the Medicare law. This Article elaborates on one specific provision of the ACA that could be utilized to authorize insurance coverage under the Medicare program. It also addresses other provisions in the ACA, including required preventive screenings and selected “Essential Health Benefits,” that, absent the Medicare exclusion, arguably would provide for such coverage. Acknowledging the tension between the ACA and Medicare law, this Article argues that the ACA is a useful tool for amending the Medicare law and eliminating this antiquated coverage exclusion. Finally, it suggests strategies for effectuating that result.
Controlling the ultrafast hot electron response in plasmonic nanostructures

We report on efficient generation of energetic (hot) electrons in plasmonic nanostructures. By changing the geometry and composition of the samples we demonstrate that the ultrafast dynamics of hot electron generation can be controlled at will.
Bouvard's Boulevards: Beaux-Arts Planning in Istanbul

From the early 18th century on, the ruling elite of the Ottoman Empire equated European civilization with progress. Not only technological innovations, but also social, cultural, and aesthetic values of the Western World were warmly embraced. A renovation project prepared in 1902 for the imperial capital, Istanbul, reflected this attitude in the field of urban design and architecture. Its author was a prominent Beaux-Arts-trained Parisian architect, Joseph Antoine Bouvard. Bouvard9s five large-sized watercolor drawings, now in the Istanbul University Library, depict his proposals for the Hippodrome, Beyazit Square, Valide Square, and the Galata Bridge. The Hippodrome is made a geometrically landscaped park; Beyazit Square is converted into a civic center; the new Valide Square duplicates the Trocadero scheme of the 1878 Paris International Exposition; and the design features of the 1900 Pont Alexandre III in Paris are adopted for the Galata Bridge. Largely disregarding the architectural heritage as well as the geographical characteristics of the capital, the architect proposed a major facelifting operation with the intention of turning Istanbul into the Paris of the East. Although the abstract nature of this project made its application impossible, the image, transmitted through Bouvard9s masterful drawings, enjoyed a great deal of praise from Sultan Abdulhamit II and his entourage. This article analyzes Bouvard9s avant-projet against the background of early-20th-century Istanbul9s urban fabric.
Assistive Technology: Decision-making Practices in Public Schools:

The Amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 require schools to consider assistive technology for students receiving special education. In order to gain insight to the ...
Considering the indirect effects of colonialism: Example from a Great Plains middle ground

Abstract Historically, there have been many archaeological and ethnographic works that examined the impacts of colonialism on indigenous peoples where direct contact took place. More recently, archaeological scholarship has drawn increasing attention towards examining the far-reaching effects that colonialism had on indigenous peoples by considering communities on the periphery of colonial control. Here, I argue that it is the indirect or down-the-line effects of colonialism that can best inform us of the extent and intensity of social, economic, and demographic change seen in regions adjacent to colonial centers. This paper considers methodological frameworks utilized in several regions and applies elements of these models to the Great Plains of North America to examine the ways indigenous social networks and Spanish colonialism forever changed the lives of people living hundreds of miles away from actual colonies. Evidence of blended technological and manufacturing styles at sites in western Kansas point to a creolized Puebloan/Plains Apache community that formed as a direct result of the indirect effects of Spanish colonial activities, highlighting the significant role of the Central Plains middle ground for many Native peoples.
Intelligent Process Planning Using a Machine Learning Approach

Abstract This paper presents a framework for integrating the paradigm of case-base reasoning with the knowledge based approach in intelligent process planning. The proposed case based system uses process planning cases to represent the process planning knowledge and possesses self-learning capability in the sense that it develops its knowledge from the past and the new planning experiences. It therefore can overcome some weakness in the knowledge-based expert systems. The proposed framework combines the strength of both the case base reasoning and knowledge based reasoning approaches. The case based system contains four major elements: retriever, modifier, simulator and repairer . A feature based representation scheme is used to represent and index process planning cases in the system's memory. The retriever uses a similarity metric to retrieve an old case which is the most similar case, among all old ones, to the new case. The modifier is then activated to adapt the process plan of the retrieved case to fit the needs for the new case. The simulator is used to verify the feasibility of the modified plan. If the modified plan is proven to be infeasible, the repairer will be used to repair the failed plan. The knowledge based system is used as a complementary unit to assist the case based system in the framework. In this paper, rotational parts are used to show how the four elements in the case based system integrated with the knowledge based system can be used to support learning capability in automated process planning.
An intercomparative study of the effects of aircraft emissions on surface air quality

This study intercompares, among five global models, the potential impacts of all commercial aircraft emissions worldwide on surface ozone and particulate matter (PM (sub 2.5)). The models include climate-response models (CRMs) with interactive meteorology, chemical-transport models (CTMs) with prescribed meteorology, and models that integrate aspects of both. Model inputs are harmonized in an effort to achieve a consensus about the state of understanding of impacts of 2006 commercial aviation emissions. Models find that aircraft increase near-surface ozone (0.3 to 1.9 percent globally), with qualitatively similar spatial distributions, highest in the Northern Hemisphere. Annual changes in surface-level PM (sub 2.5) in the CTMs (0.14 to 0.4 percent) and CRMs (-1.9 to 1.2 percent) depend on differences in nonaircraft baseline aerosol fields among models and the inclusion of feedbacks between aircraft emissions and changes in meteorology. The CTMs tend to result in an increase in surface PM (sub 2.5) primarily over high-traffic regions in the North American midlatitudes. The CRMs, on the other hand, demonstrate the effects of aviation emissions on changing meteorological fields that result in large perturbations over regions where natural emissions (e.g., soil dust and sea spray) occur. The changes in ozone and PM (sub 2.5) found here may be used to contextualize previous estimates of impacts of aircraft emissions on human health.
Cytomorphological features of cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis on ThinPrep.

Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is an uncommon entity and challenging to distinguish from breast carcinoma, both clinically and upon imaging. Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM) is a histologically distinct GM with clear "cystic" spaces (CS) surrounded by neutrophils and may contain Gram-positive bacilli (such as Corynebacterium species). Cytologic features of GM, in particular CNGM, on ThinPrep (TP), are limited. We reviewed the cytological features of GM with a special focus on CNGM on TP. Ten cases with a concurrent/recent FNA and histologic diagnosis of GM or CNGM, or positive culture for Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, were identified over an 11-y period (2007-2017). A double-blinded review of the TP slides was performed by two independent cytopathologists. Data were analysed using Fisher's exact test. Six cases were histologically proven CNGM and 1 FNA only case had a positive culture for C. kroppenstedtii. Three had a histological diagnosis of GM. TP from the 7 CNGM cases demonstrated CS, including 1 case with a cellblock (CB) study showing well-formed clear CS, while none of the non-CNGM cases had CS (P = .01). Bacteria were identified within CS in 5 of 7 cases of CNGM. Multinucleated giant cells, granulomas, histiocytes, and neutrophils were variably observed. All histologically confirmed cases of CNGM showed distinct CS on TP. Cellblock study is a valuable adjunct to evaluate CNGM and for ancillary studies. Although our study was limited by a small sample size, our findings necessitate the need for studies with a larger cohort.
Febrile Infection-Related Epilepsy Syndrome (FIRES): A Literature Review and Case Study

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a catastrophic epileptic syndrome that strikes previously healthy children aged 3-15 years and has an unknown pathogenesis and few treatments. These children experience a nonspecific febrile illness that is followed by prolonged refractory status epilepticus. Although the etiology is unknown, FIRES has a biphasic presentation, with the acute phase beginning as seizure activity lasting 1-12 weeks, then followed by the chronic phase, which is characterized by refractory seizures that cluster every 2-4 weeks, and may continue to be multifocal and independent. Treatment of FIRES is difficult, typically unresponsive to antiepileptic drugs. Some children resolve temporarily with drug-induced burst suppression comas. Other therapies such as a ketogenic diet have limited benefit. The outcome varies with the length of the acute phase and is usually poor, with up to 30% of cases ending in death and 66-100% of survivors having intellectual disability. The authors present a case of a 6-year-old child presenting with FIRES and refractory status epilepticus, which continued despite multidrug therapy. The patient underwent immunomodulatory therapy with the eventual resolution of status, but she developed a chronic, moderately severe encephalopathy, including intractable epilepsy. This case highlights the challenges of FIRES and the potential of immunomodulatory therapies for children with this disorder.
The FDA, Politics and Criticism

An organization charged with regulating nearly 25 % of the country’s economy, including the food supply, human and veterinary medicines, tobacco and cosmetics, not only cannot remain free from criticism but must by necessity be perceived as unfair and performing poorly by one or another of the many elements of society affected by its activities. Focusing only on the biomedical industry, FDA- regulated activities employ an estimated 1.5 million people plus over 6 million people in its supply chain, all of whom are likely at one time or another to be directly impacted by an FDA decision.
Exploring meaning-making and innovation in makerspaces: An ethnographic study of student and faculty perspectives

In academic makerspaces, students explore innovative practices. Whether they see these spaces as a means to pursue innovation, however, remains to be understood. This paper examines how makerspaces and innovation are connected by the meanings that students and faculty attribute to makerspaces. Ethnographic techniques were used as the methodology to uncover these meanings. The findings presented in this paper are from the Fall 2016 semester where one graduate researcher explored and observed the engineering makerspaces, an elite student group, and an interdisciplinary collaborative research team. Through the field notes, meanings of interaction, functionality, environment, and innovation provide insight into how students and faculty perceive the value and impact of engineering makerspaces.
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of a Caspase-3 Apoptosis Reporter.

Caspase-3 is a proteolytic enzyme that functions as a key effector in apoptotic cell death. Determining activity of caspase-3 provides critical information about cancer cell viability and response to treatment. To measure apoptosis in intact cells and living mice, a fluorescence imaging reporter that detects caspase-3 activity by Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) was used. Changes in FRET by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) were measured. Unlike FRET measurements based on fluorescence intensity, lifetime measurements are independent of reporter concentration and scattering of light in tissue, making FLIM a robust method for imaging in 3D environments. Apoptosis of breast cancer cells in 2D culture, spheroids, and in vivo murine breast tumor xenografts in response to a variety of genetic and pharmacologic methods implicated in apoptosis of cancer cells was studied. This approach for quantifying apoptosis of cancer cells is based on caspase-3 activity at single-cell resolution using FLIM. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A study of topological effects in 1D and 2D mechanical lattices

Abstract Topological insulators are new phases of matter whose properties are derived from a number of qualitative yet robust topological invariants rather than specific geometric features or constitutive parameters. Their salient feature is that they conduct localized waves along edges and interfaces with negligible scattering and losses induced by the presence of specific varieties of defects compatible with their topological class. The paper investigates two lattice-based topological insulators in one and two spatial dimensions. In 1D, relevant background on topological invariants, how they arise in a classical mechanical context and how their existence influences the dynamic behavior within bandgaps, is provided in a simple analytical framework. In 2D, we investigate Kagome lattices based on an asymptotic continuum model. As an outcome, topological waves localized at the interface between two Kagome lattices are fully characterized in terms of existence conditions, modal shapes, decay rates, group velocities and immunity to scattering by various defects. The paper thus helps bridge a gap between quantum mechanical constructs and their potential application in classical mechanics by reinterpreting known results in 1D and deriving new ones in 2D.
Viruses: Biological Highjackers

Imagine that you want to force a cell to make a certain protein in large quantity. What could you do to subvert the cell’s normal operations to do your bidding? It might be enough to inject a short piece of DNA that encodes the protein. The molecular machinery in the nucleus would then transcribe the foreign DNA into mRNA, which would in turn be translated into your protein in the cytoplasm. This is how many genetic engineering companies currently coax bacteria and yeast cells to make large quantities of insulin and growth hormone for medical applications.
Introduction to Emerging Technologies for the Classroom: A Learning Sciences Perspective

This chapter provides a historical overview of the role of technology in schools and describes strategies used to address technological innovations in school settings. Four types of emerging technologies are then introduced: (a) technologies that support learning to understand and create; (b) technologies that support learning by collaborating; (c) technologies that support anytime, anyplace learning; and (d) technologies that support learning by gaming. A summary of each chapter presented in this volume is also provided. The chapter concludes with thoughts on future directions of emerging technologies.
Enacted software development routines based on waterfall and agile software methods: socio-technical event sequence study

In recent decades, "agile" software development methodologies have been put forth as an alternative to traditional "waterfall" methodologies. These agile methods advance a fundamentally different approach to software development. Empirical evidence indicates differences between the two with respect to outcomes and development experience. Yet little is known to what extent the actual development practices based on either agile or traditional life cycle methodologies differ. In the current study we examine the variation in performative routines during software development by contrasting agile and traditional lifecycle process models using event sequencing method for detecting activity variations among recorded performative processes in the selected projects. Our analysis shows that performative enactment of waterfall and agile ostensive routines do differ in terms of activity types carried out in the early requirements steps. However, performative routines did show conformance to ostensive specifications in iterations, affordance types, and design objects used.
A deep learning framework for imputing missing values in genomic data

Motivation: The presence of missing values is a frequent problem encountered in genomic data analysis. Lost data can be an obstacle to downstream analyses that require complete data matrices. State-of-the-art imputation techniques including Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) based methods usually achieve good performances, but are computationally expensive especially for large datasets such as those involved in pan-cancer analysis. Results: This study describes a new method: a denoising autoencoder with partial loss (DAPL) as a deep learning based alternative for data imputation. Results on pan-cancer gene expression data and DNA methylation data from over 11,000 samples demonstrate significant improvement over standard denoising autoencoder for both data missing-at-random cases with a range of missing percentages, and missing-not-at-random cases based on expression level and GC-content. We discuss the advantages of DAPL over traditional imputation methods and show that it achieves comparable or better performance with less computational burden. Availability: https://github.com/gevaertlab/DAPL
Emerging Role of the Gut Microbiome in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Composition to Function

The gut microbiome, a diverse microbial community in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of health. The gut microbiome metabolizes dietary and host-derived molecules to produce bioactive metabolites, which have a wide array of effects on host metabolism and immunity. ‘Dysbiosis' of the gut microbiome, commonly considered as perturbation of microbiome diversity and composition, has been associated with intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A number of endogenous and exogenous factors, such as nutritional intake and xenobiotic exposure, can alter the gut microbiome. We will review the evolving methods for studying the gut microbiome and how these profiling techniques have been utilized to further our understanding of the gut microbial community composition and functional potential in the clinical spectrum of NAFLD. We will highlight microbiome-host interactions that may contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD, with a primary focus on mechanisms related to the metabolic output of the gut microbiome. Finally, we will discuss potential therapeutic implications of the gut microbiome in NAFLD.
Late MIS 3 stabilization of dunes in the eastern Central Great Plains, USA

Abstract Extensive luminescence and 14C dating of aeolian sand dunes and sheets in the Central Great Plains (CGP) have been biased toward the western part of the region, targeted relatively large dune fields, and produced primarily Holocene (Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 1) and latest Pleistocene (MIS 2) ages. This research luminescence dated a small discontinuous dune field perched on the high terrace of the Kansas River valley, situated on the eastern side of the CGP. These dunes have been stable since at least 30–28 ka, indicating that they are among the oldest recognizable dunes preserved in the CGP, as well as the entire North American Great Plains. The inferred stabilization of these dunes was coeval with pedogenesis and low sediment accumulation rates in upland loess, playa lunettes, and alluvial sequences in the CGP, in a time period with maximum summer insolation and relatively warm conditions. Source of the sand is presumed to have been fluvial sediments from the adjacent Kansas River, now preserved as the Buck Creek Terrace. Sand-mobilizing winds were southerly to southwesterly given that the dunes mantle only the high-terrace remnants on the north side of the valley. Long-term dune stability after MIS 3 appears to indicate that latest-Pleistocene and Holocene megadroughts were not sufficiently severe and eastward penetrating to reactivate these eastern CGP dunes.
From Target Identification to Drug Development in Space: Using the Microgravity Assist

The unique nature of microgravity encountered in space provides an opportunity for drug discovery and development that cannot be replicated on Earth. From the production of superior protein crystals to the identification and validation of new drug targets to microarray analyses of transcripts attenuated by microgravity, there are numerous examples which demonstrate the benefit of exploiting the space environment. Moreover, studies conducted on Space Shuttle missions, the International Space Station and other craft have had a direct benefit for drug development programmes such as those directed against reducing bone and muscle loss or increasing bone formation. This review will highlight advances made in both drug discovery and development and offer some future insight into how drug discovery and associated technologies may be further advanced using the microgravity assist.
Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion in sporadic breast cancer and benign breast tumor

1727 The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 4977-bp deletion (ΔmtDNA4977), one of the most frequently observed mtDNA mutations in human tissues, has been suggested to play a role in carcinogenesis. Only a limited number of studies with small sample sizes have been conducted to evaluate ΔmtDNA4977 in tissue samples from patients with breast cancer or benign breast disease, and the findings have been inconsistent. The inconsistency in previous studies may be in part due to the use of non-quantitative detecting methods or primers which co-amplify nuclear DNA. In this study, we developed a quantitative real-time PCR assay to assess the level of the ΔmtDNA4977 in tissue samples of malignant and benign breast tumors. The PCR primers were designed to target mtDNA with non-homologue to nuclear DNA sequences to amplify PCR products containing the ΔmtDNA4977 and the total mtDNA (mtDNAtotal). The PCR products were cloned to plasmids and used for constructing standard curves in the copy number quantifications. TaqMan real-time PCR was performed and the copy number of ΔmtDNA4977 and mtDNAtotal were calculated from corresponding standard curves. We investigated ΔmtDNA4977 in tumor tissue and adjacent normal tissue from 55 primary breast cancer patients and 21 patients diagnosed with benign breast diseases (BBD) collected in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. The ΔmtDNA4977 was detected in all of the samples with the levels varying from 0.000149% to 7.0%. The ΔmtDNA4977 levels were lower in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal tissues in both breast cancer and BBD subjects. The differences, however, were not statistically significant. No significant difference was found in the ΔmtDNA4977 levels between breast cancer and BBD in both tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues. The ΔmtDNA4977 levels were not significantly associated with clinicopathological characteristics (age, histology, tumor stage, and ER/PR status) in breast cancer or BBD patients. These results do not support the notion that the mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion plays a major role in breast carcinogenesis.
Tracking metabolic dynamics of apoptosis with high-speed two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.

Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is an essential process in development and homeostasis, and disruptions in associated pathways are responsible for a wide variety of diseases such as cancer, developmental abnormalities, and Alzheimer’s disease. On the other hand, cell death, in many cases, is the desired outcome of therapeutic treatments targeting diseases such as cancer. Recently, metabolic imaging based on two-photon fluorescence microscopy has been developed and shown to be highly sensitive to certain cell death processes, most notably apoptosis, thus having the potential as an advanced label-free screening tool. However, the typically low acquisition rates of this imaging technique have resulted in a limited throughput approach, allowing only a small population of cells to be tracked at well-separated time points. To address this limitation, a high-speed two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2P-FLIM) platform capable of video-rate imaging is applied to study and further characterize the metabolic dynamics associated with cell death. Building upon previous work demonstrating the capabilities of this system, this microscope is utilized to study rapid metabolic changes during cell death induction, such as dose-dependency of metabolic response, response in invasive vs. noninvasive cancer cells, and response in an apoptosis-resistant cell line, which is further shown to undergo autophagy in response to toxic stimuli. Results from these experiments show that the early apoptosis-related metabolic dynamics are strongly correlated with important cellular parameters including responsiveness to apoptosis-inducing stimuli. The high speed and sensitivity of the presented imaging approach enables new investigations into this highly dynamic and complex process.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Connectedness with Health Care Providers Scale for Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer.

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to (1) develop an instrument of connectedness with health care providers (HCPs) for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer (ages 13 to 21 years); (2) e...
Ancient Rome’s Institutional Religions as European Backstory

All persons professionally interested in or merely curious about Rome’s history, from shadowy beginnings in legend to the well-documented first centuries of Empire, should welcome this synthesis of...
Mental Health in the Pediatric Athlete

Sport participation directly impacts the mental health of young athletes. Physical activity and team culture are two features that shape the influence of sport on self-esteem and mental health. Children and adolescents with anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and conduct disorder (CD) benefit when parents, coaches, and healthcare providers are knowledgeable on how to adapt the sporting experience to the needs of young athletes with mental illness.
Intestinal supply of amino acids in sheep fed alkaline hydrogen peroxide-treated wheat straw-based diets supplemented with soybean meal or combinations of corn gluten meal and blood meal.

The intestinal supply of amino acids (AA) in sheep fed alkaline hydrogen peroxide-treated wheat straw (AHPWS)-based diets supplemented with soybean meal (SBM) or corn grain plus combinations of corn gluten meal (CGM) and blood meal (BM) was measured in a 5 X 5 latin square. Sheep (avg wt 45 kg) with ruminal, duodenal and ileal cannulas were fed diets containing 65% AHPWS supplemented with the following protein sources: soybean meal (SBM), corn gluten meal (CGM), blood meal (BM), 2/3 CGM:1/3 BM and 1/3 CGM:2/3 BM. Total nitrogen (N) flow at the duodenum was not affected (P greater than .05) by protein source. Flows of bacterial N and AA increased (P less than .05) and flows of nonbacterial N and AA decreased (P less than .05) when wethers were fed SBM vs corn plus other protein sources. When diets contained SBM, quantities of total AA at the duodenum were lower (P less than .05) and the profile of AA supplied to the intestine was altered substantially. Total flows of AA at the duodenum and total quantities of AA disappearing from the small intestine were similar (P greater than .05) for all diets containing BM and CGM, but flows and disappearance of valine, histidine, lysine and arginine increased linearly (P less than .05), whereas flows and disappearance of leucine, isoleucine and methionine decreased linearly (P less than .05) as BM replaced CGM in the diets. Results suggest that quantities of individual AA flowing to the duodenum and disappearing from the intestine of wethers fed AHPWS-based diets can be altered by source of dietary protein. Furthermore, feeding protein sources resistant to ruminal degradation in combination may improve the profile of AA supplied to the intestine.
Professional Practices, Beliefs, and Incomes of Postdoctoral Trainees: The AACN, NAN, SCN 2020 Practice and 'Salary Survey'.

Objective Within a portion of the 2020 professional practice and "salary survey," to update key information regarding neuropsychology postdoctoral trainees. Methods Postdoctoral trainees were contacted via a variety of membership listings, including the listserv used by the program directors of the Association of Postdoctoral Programs in Clinical Neuropsychology (APPCN). Invitations sent in multiple waves to members of numerous neuropsychological organizations via e-messages and physical postcards included the request that postdoctoral trainees participate. The survey website was opened on January 17, 2020 and closed on April 2, 2020, during which time a total of 178 postdoctoral trainees in the USA and 3 in Canada participated. Results Response rate was estimated to be 56.4%, which adequately represents the target sample. The modal postdoctoral trainee is a woman whose internship was American Psychological Association (APA)-accredited and whose postdoctoral training is in an APPCN program that adheres to Houston Conference training guidelines. Extensive clinical experiences in neuropsychology in the form of externship practica and during internship were reported by the majority of trainees prior to postdoctoral training. There are few differences between APPCN and non-APPCN trainees and reported training experiences. Job satisfaction is high. Salaries appear to have increased substantially in recent years. There is universal interest in pursuing board certification. Support for the empirical foundations justifying assessment of response validity is high. Conclusions Surveys of postdoctoral trainees continue to provide valuable perspectives regarding training background, clinical experiences, practice beliefs, and incomes of individuals who will soon launch their careers in clinical neuropsychology.
"Ahead of the Lawmen": Law and Morality in Disney Animated Films 1960-1998

This article examines the relationship between law and morality in a selection of animated Disney movies released between 1960 and 1998. The authors analyze all of the fully-animated, G-rated movie...
Targeting DNA damage repair functions of two histone deacetylases, HDAC8 and SIRT6, sensitizes acute myeloid leukemia to NAMPT inhibition

Purpose: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitors (NAMPTi) are currently in development, but may be limited as single-agent therapy due to compound-specific toxicity and cancer metabolic plasticity allowing resistance development. To potentially lower the doses of NAMPTis required for therapeutic benefit against acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify rational disease-specific partners for a novel NAMPTi, KPT-9274. Experimental Design: Cell lines and primary cells were analyzed for cell viability, self-renewal, and responses at RNA and protein levels with loss-of-function approaches and pharmacologic treatments. In vivo efficacy of combination therapy was evaluated with a xenograft model. Results: We identified two histone deacetylases (HDAC), HDAC8 and SIRT6, whose knockout conferred synthetic lethality with KPT-9274 in AML. Furthermore, HDAC8-specific inhibitor, PCI-34051, or clinical class I HDAC inhibitor, AR-42, in combination with KPT-9274, synergistically decreased the survival of AML cells in a dose-dependent manner. AR-42/KPT-9274 cotreatment attenuated colony-forming potentials of patient cells while sparing healthy hematopoietic cells. Importantly, combined therapy demonstrated promising in vivo efficacy compared with KPT-9274 or AR-42 monotherapy. Mechanistically, genetic inhibition of SIRT6 potentiated the effect of KPT-9274 on PARP-1 suppression by abolishing mono-ADP ribosylation. AR-42/KPT-9274 cotreatment resulted in synergistic attenuation of homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining pathways in cell lines and leukemia-initiating cells. Conclusions: Our findings provide evidence that HDAC8 inhibition- or shSIRT6-induced DNA repair deficiencies are potently synergistic with NAMPT targeting, with minimal toxicity toward normal cells, providing a rationale for a novel–novel combination-based treatment for AML.
Nonlinear state-space modeling using recurrent multilayer perceptrons with unscented Kalman filter

The most important characteristics required in dynamic systems modeling using neural networks are fast convergence and generalization capability. To achieve these, this paper presents an approach to nonlinear state-space modeling using recurrent multilayer perceptrons (RMLP) trained with the unscented Kalman filter (UKF). The recently proposed UKF, which is proper to state-space representation, offers not only fast convergence but also derivative-free computations and an easy implementation, compared with the extended Kalman filter (EKF) widely used for neural networks. Through modeling experiments of nonlinear systems, the effectiveness of the RMLP with the UKF is demonstrated.
The Black Survivors: Courage, Strength, Creativity and Resilience in the Cultural Traditions of Black Caribbean Immigrants

The United States has long been a beacon of hope for generations of immigrants seeking better opportunities. While the debate regarding immigration reform and what place, if any, immigrants have in a country with a struggling economy continues to rage, it is important to recognize the unique assets and strengths immigrant communities possess. Black Caribbean immigrants have made significant contributions to the rich cultural mosaic of the United States. The traditions and practices from this immigrant population are presented to highlight the creativity, resilience, and other positive attributes exhibited by these cultural groups.
Sylvia Plath and Confessional Poetry: A Reconsideration

XX in The North Ship, and there is "that lifted, rough-tongued bell / (Art if you like)" from "Reasons for Attendance" in The Less Deceived. 14 Poem VI from The North Ship; a similar loneliness is described in IV, XVI, XVIII. 15 Geoffrey Thurley describes "failure" as the "great theme of all Larkin's work," in The Ironic Harvest: English Poetry in the Twentieth Century (London: Arnold, 1974), p. 147. Calvin Bedient, in gentler tones, refers to Larkin's "ancient familiarity with de feat" in his critical study, Eight Contemporary Poets (London: Oxford University Press, 1974), p. 70. 16 "No Right of Entry," Phoenix (Autumn and Winter, 1973-74), p. 107. 17 David Timms in this connection remarks: "Larkin has a fine dramatic sense, within poems and within collections." " 'Church Going' Revisited: 'The Building' and The Notion of Development in Larkin's Poetry," Phoenix (Autumn and Winter, 1973-74), p. 15.
An Uneasy Marriage

Origin 5.0. Microcal Software Inc.. Northampton, MA. $595; $200, upgrades Phone: 800-969-7720. http://www.microcal.com. In his New Media review, McCallum evaluates the newest release of Origin, version 5.0. This software integrates spreadsheet features of Excel and the graphics presentation features of PowerPoint, with mixed results.
Urinary amine alterations in drug-addiction pregnancy.

Abstract Urinary amines were measured in 122 drug-addiction pregnancies. The profile of the patient indicates that 86 per cent were black and had a total of 2.98 pregnancies and 1.97 living children. She made 5.4 prenatal visits to our special drug-abuse prenatal clinic. The 208 antepartum 24 hour urine determinations indicated a mean excretion of epinephrine to be 28 ± 1.6 μg which rises to 60 μg on the first day post partum. These values indicate increased adrenal gland activity and are more than six times greater than seen in normal pregnancy. The antepartum mean 24 hour urine excretion of morepinephrine is 49.7 ± 2.6 μg which does not change on the first postpartum day. The antepartum norepinephrine values are 50 per cent higher than seen in normal pregnancy. Drug-addiction pregnancy in patients who are well controlled on methadone have markedly increased adrenal gland activity as evidenced by increased levels of epinephrine. The sympathetic nervous system activity as evidenced by urinary norepinephrine is only slightly increased. Drug addiction alters the normal homeostatic mechanisms of pregnancy.
Generalizing from case studies: a case study

Abstract Most empirical evaluations of machine learning algorithms are case studies – evaluations of multiple algorithms on multiple databases. Authors of case studies implicitly or explicitly hypothesize that the pattern of their results, which often suggests that one algorithm performs significantly better than others, is not limited to the small number of databases investigated, but instead holds for some general class of learning problems. However, these hypotheses are rarely supported with additional evidence, which leaves them suspect. This paper describes an empirical method for generalizing results from case studies and an example application. This method yields rules describing when some algorithms significantly outperform others on some dependent measures. Advantages for generalizing from case studies and limitations of this particular approach are also described.
UV time-dependent emission in SY Muscae

Ultraviolet spectra acquired with the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) of SY Mus = HD 10036 on 20 September 1980 and 11 June 1981 indicate a substantial enhancement of UV emission over a nine month period. The general UV flux level appears to have increased by approximately one order of magnitude between the first and second observing epochs. The strong ultraviolet continuum evident throughout the entire IUE spectral range λλ1200–3200 A on 11 June 1981 is closely approximated by a star with Teff = 40,000 K, where previously on 20 September 1980 the continuum distribution presented a more complex structure that is possibly explained by a combination of thermal emission from an early type main sequence star, and nebular recombination emission (Michalitsianos et al. 198l).
Integrated STEM learning within health science, mathematics and computer science

In this integrated STEM learning module we developed a data collection tool and used innovative analysis methods to investigate the relationship between academic achievement and risky wellness behaviors among college students. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed using data from college students (n = 1,499) at a large north-central university. Advanced machine learning analysis techniques found a strong connection between student wellness behavior and academic achievement and that this relationship can be predicted using wellness behavior data. The real world research project in this study integrated educational activities among Mathematics, Computer Science, and Health Science creating an interdisciplinary learning experience within Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).