cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Letter to the Editor re: Superselective arterial embolisation with a liquid polyvinyl alcohol copolymer in patients with acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage

Sir, We read with great interest the article by Lenhart and colleagues recently published in European Radiology and reporting effectiveness of selective arterial embolisation using Onyx® in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding [1]. We have several comments. First of all, we would like to congratulate the authors for their study which represents the first series to date reporting results on arterial embolotherapy with Onyx® as an embolic agent in the gastrointestinal tract. Until now, the only available data on the use of this embolic material for peripheral applications came from case reports. Indeed, Onyx® is a new liquid embolic agent composed of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), with emerging applications in neurovascular procedures, predominantly embolisation of cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations [2]. The main advantages of Onyx® are its nonadhesive properties, high radiopacity, and long solidification periods, which, compared with acrylic glues, make the embolisation procedure more controllable and predictable. However, the authors did not bring to attention several important disadvantageous characteristics of the use of Onyx®. First, DMSO can cause severe vasospasm if injected rapidly. This is most likely to occur early in the procedure and can be avoided by using no more than 0.2 ml of DMSO in the first minute of injection. Even if the authors reported a total injection time of DMSO and Onyx® of 10 min on average for their procedure, in our experience, the duration of injection is often much longer and varies depending on the amount of Onyx® used. Secondly, DMSO is volatile and is excreted via respiration and sweat. This has a typical smell not unlike that of diabetic ketoacidosis and may last a few days. The patient and ward staff should be warned to expect this. Lastly, the use of Onyx® has cost implications as it is much more expensive than alternative embolic materials and it requires specific DMSO-compatible microcatheters. The prohibitive costs of using Onyx® have led to its restricted use in neuroradiology in most of the institutions around the world. In conclusion, we think this embolic agent is very promising but the important cost aspect needs to be borne in mind when there are other cheaper alternatives that would be as effective and faster when used on an emergency basis.
Incidence versus degrees of rotation on the Minnesota Percepto-Diagnostic Test in brain-damaged and schizophrenic patients

Summary.-20 brain-damaged and 20 process schizophrenic inpatients, equated for average age and educational level, were administered the Minnesota Percepto-Diagnostic Test and the Vocabulary and Block Design subtests from the WAIS. When the Minnesota was scored for incidence of rotations as well as for total number of degrees of rotation, only the degrees measure discriminated between the two groups. However, when IQ was held constant through the use of partial correlation or the IQ correction procedure presented in the test manual, the degrees measure was no longer discriminating. However, since the degrees measure was superior to the incidence measure, it was suggested that visualmotor design reproduction tests with scoring systems using incidence measures may be under-utilizing the modest discriminating power the rotational error type possesses. The psychological deficit literature contains many references to the spontaneous rotational errors brain-damaged patients often make on visual-motor design reproduction tasks. This rotation tendency has been measured in two different ways. The first of these measurement strategies scores for incidence of rotations of various magnitudes, such as 45' or more. Well-known tests using this approach are the Bender Visual-motor Gescalt Tesc, the Graham-Kendall Memory- , for-Designs test, and the Benton Visual Retention Test. The second of these measurement strategies scores for total number of degrees of rotation summed across a series of designs. Shapiro's Block Design Rotation Test and the Minnesota Percepto-Diagnoscic Test are examples of this second approach. Occasionally investigators studying the rotation tendency of various psycho
Ocular and Orbital Phycomycosis

Cerebro-rhino-orbital phycomycosis (CROP) occurs predominantly in individuals with diabetes mellitus in a state of metabolic acidosis. Other forms of metabolic acidosis, especially in infants, may predispose to phycomycotic infections. CROP has also been reported in patients with leukemia or lymphoma. CROP usually begins in the palate or paranasal sinuses and rapidly spreads to the orbital contents. Proptosis, loss of vision, and ophthalmoplegia occur and death from cerebral involvement commonly ensues. The fungus tends to invade arteries and cause thrombosis and tissue infarction. Rhizopus is the most commonly isolated genus in CROP, accounting for almost all cases. The diagnosis can be strongly suspected by the characteristic clinical manifestations. Therapy includes treatment of the underlying disease, surgical excision of the necrotic tissue containing fungal elements and the systemic administration of amphotericin-B. The effect of treatment has improved since the disease was first described, but the condition still has a high mortality, especially if it is not diagnosed early.
An essay: prostaglandins and toxemia of pregnancy.

Abstract Toxemia is defined in empiric, clinical terms because the pathogenesis and etiology of this complication of pregnancy remain unknown. Toxemia of pregnancy is characterized by the development of edema, hypertension, proteinuria, and a complex of symptoms which may culminate in convulsions. Eclampsia means nothing more than convulsions and coma, therefore the classification of this condition into pre-eclampsia and eclampsia might better give way to mild and severe toxemia, the latter with or without convulsions and/or coma. Hypertension in pregnancy continues to be a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, and probably is a significant factor in cases of central nervous system deficiency because of an inadequate intrauterine environment. Prevention of this condition is preferable to curative attempts after the disease is established. However prevention requires a clear understanding of the causative factors involved in this syndrome, and such explanations are lacking. Toxemia of pregnancy is a condition explained by many theories, and the intention here is not to add a new theory, but to support an old one. Because this clinical condition resembles a toxic state, the concept that the utero-placental unit liberates a toxic substance or substances into the maternal blood stream is not new, dating back to the 18th century; hence the name toxemia.
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Relieved by Compulsive Bathing

Cannabinoid hyperemesis is a clinical syndrome characterized by repeated vomiting and associated learned compulsive hot water bathing behavior due to long-term marijuana use. Research has indentified type 1 cannabinoid receptors in the intestinal nerve plexus that have an inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal motility. This inhibitory effect may lead to hyperemesis in marijuana users. The thermoregulatory role of endocannabinoids may be responsible for the patient's need to take hot showers. We report 2 cases of cannabinoid hyperemesis that demonstrate this unusual adverse effect of marijuana use.
Electrochemical Migration of Copper in Adsorbed Moisture Layers

Abstract Electronic devices are subject to failure through various electrochemical processes including moisture adsorption, corrosion, electrodeposition, current leakage, etc. The object of the present investigation was to characterize the effects of a contaminant on the moisture-adsorption process on a model electronic device. In addition the growth of “dendrite-like” structures on deliberately contaminated devices under humid conditions has also been examined. The electronic devices consisted of two copper conducting lines deposited on α-alumina substrates, which were contaminated with controlled amounts of cupric chloride. In order to assess the effects of the contaminant, the water up-take characteristics of the unmetallized substrate were determined on both clean and contaminated α-alumina as a function of relative humidity. In addition, the effects of contamination on dendrite-like growth was investigated in experiments where a 30 V bias was applied across the conducting lines. The resulting growth ...
Mechanistic aspects in syntheses and reactions of dipivaloylmethylmercury compounds

Abstract Several mechanistic aspects in the syntheses and reactions of dipivaloylmethylmercury compounds were studied. It was found that mercuric acetate adds to dipivaloylmethane (HDPM) in 75% aqueous ethanol to provide an 80% yield of dipivaloylmethylmercuric acetate (DPMHgOAc). The addition of mercuric acetate to HDPM is postulated to occur via electrophilic attack of + HgOAc on the double bond of the enol tautomer of HDPM to give, after loss of a proton, a C -bonded Hg compound, DPMHgOAc, which can symmetrize in 95% ethanol to afford, after the addition of water, bis(dipivaloylmethyl)mercury (DPM 2 Hg). DPMHgOAc undergoes an oxymercuration reaction with styrene in 80% aqueous methanol to yield a product from addition of + HgOAc and − OCH 3 to styrene. Photolysis of DPMHgOAc in chloroform with a Pyrex filter gave a quantitative yield of HDPM and mercurous acetate. Homolytic cleavage of the carbon—mercury bond followed by abstraction of hydrogen from CHCl 3 by DPM and radical dimerization of HgOAc provides a rationalization for the observed products. Electrophilic cleavage of (DPM) 2 Hg with HgCl 2 and Hg(OAc) 2 according to the equation: (DPM) 2 Hg + HgX 2 ⇌ 2 DPMHgX give equilibrium constants ( K ) which lie toward DPMHgX. Thus when X = Cl, K = 620 ± 60, and when X = OAc, K = 1.3 x 10 5 ± 1 x 10 4 . Electrophilic cleavage of (DPM) 2 Hg with glacial acetic acid gave DPMHgOAc and HDPM in quantitative yield. A discussion of the importance of σ—π conjugation in properties of dipivaloylmethylmercury compounds will also be presented.
Isolation and structural characterization of the murine tryptophan hydroxylase gene

The mouse tryptophan hydroxylase gene was isolated and its intron/exon boundaries and putative regulatory sequences identified. To isolate the gene a mouse mastocytoma cDNA clone encoding tryptophan hydroxylase was used to identify and isolate ten overlapping DNA fragments from a mouse genomic library. Restriction mapping and sequence analysis of the clones revealed that the gene contains 11 exons and covers a region of DNA of approximately 21 kb. The transcription initiation site was mapped and the major site of initiation yields an untranslated leader sequence of 124 nucleotides. A minor initiation site is located 9 nucleotides 3' of the major site. The 5' untranslated sequence is interrupted by the first intron. Analysis of the sequence upstream of the initiation site showed the presence of several putative promoter and regulatory sequences. Nine of the ten intron/exon boundaries of tryptophan hydroxylase are conserved with tyrosine hydroxylase and phenylalanine hydroxylase, further delineating the evolutionary relationship of these three genes.
Effective elastic moduli of heterogeneous granular solids

Abstract A micro-mechanical model is employed to study the elastic stress-strain behavior of heterogeneous granular solids. The granular material is idealized as a collection of spherical particles interacting through inter-particle contacts. Based on this idealized model an equivalent continuum description of the granular solid is envisaged and the overall stiffness tensor of the granular solid is determined in terms of the stiffness of the inter-particle deformation. To facilitate the derivation of overall stiffness tensor, the granular solid is considered to be composed of continuum cells made of a single particle and the associated void space. A local stiffness tensor is defined for each cell. The local stiffness tensor is obtained in terms of the inter-particle stiffness, the number of contacts and the relative position of the neighboring particles. The local stiffness tensor is utilized to obtain the overall behavior of a representative volume of granular solid through the “self consistent” averaging technique. The overall stress and strain for the representative volume are determined as a volume average of the corresponding local quantities. To account for the heterogeneity of deformation in the granular medium, a “concentration” factor is defined for each cell. Based on the concept of volume averaging and the “concentration” tensor an overall stiffness tensor is derived for the granular solid. The applicability of the derived micro-mechanical model is evaluated by comparing its results with those obtained from the computer simulation method.
Photoinduced Charge Separation Involving an Unusual Double Electron Transfer Mechanism in a Donor−Bridge−Acceptor Molecule

A series of rodlike donor−bridge−acceptor (D−B−A) molecules was synthesized to study the role of bridge energy levels on electron transfer (ET) rates. In these compounds, a 4-aminonaphthalene-1,8-imide (ANI) electron donor is linked to a 1,8:4,5-naphthalenediimide acceptor (NI) via the 1,4 positions on a phenyl bridge. The phenyl bridge is substituted at the 2 and 5 positions with methyl or methoxy groups to yield ANI-diMe-NI and ANI-diMeO-NI. These molecules differ only in the energy levels of the bridge molecular orbitals. Other parameters affecting ET rates such as donor−acceptor distance, orientation, and driving force are constant between the two systems. The rate constants for charge separation (CS) and charge recombination (CR) within ANI-diMeO-NI in toluene are 32 and 1400 times larger, respectively, than the corresponding rate constants for ANI-diMe-NI. Solvents of higher polarity diminish these differences in rate constants, making them comparable to those observed for ANI-diMe-NI. The relative ...
Differential equation solutions of MOS transmission line models generalized to lossy cases

Abstract Lumped transmission line equivalent circuit models offer a proven technique for calculating small signal admittances of MOS capacitors. Typically, this is done by means of 6 × 6 matrix multiplications. Recently, however, we derived for the lossless MOSC a set of three differential equations which are easier and more convenient to solve than the more general matrix method. Here we review simple circuit topology to explore the fundamental limitations of the three differential equation system and find that minority carrier scattering and bulk recombination losses can be included. Each of these losses contributes an additional term to each of the three lossless equations, resulting in a system of equations that is modular with respect to the inclusion of either of these two losses. The majority carrier scattering loss is more easily taken care of by the matrix method, but is only important at very high frequency (e.g. 107 Hz).
The QuakeSim Project: Web Services for Managing Geophysical Data and Applications

We describe our distributed systems research efforts to build the “cyberinfrastructure” components that constitute a geophysical Grid, or more accurately, a Grid of Grids. Service-oriented computing principles are used to build a distributed infrastructure of Web accessible components for accessing data and scientific applications. Our data services fall into two major categories: Archival, database-backed services based around Geographical Information System (GIS) standards from the Open Geospatial Consortium, and streaming services that can be used to filter and route real-time data sources such as Global Positioning System data streams. Execution support services include application execution management services and services for transferring remote files. These data and execution service families are bound together through metadata information and workflow services for service orchestration. Users may access the system through the QuakeSim scientific Web portal, which is built using a portlet component approach.
Closed-loop frequency response of nonlinear systems

WHEN A NONLINEAR feedback control system includes saturation, the output of the system may oscillate with either the input frequency or the l/n order subharmonic of the input frequency, where n is a positive integer greater than l. When the frequency of the output is l/n times that of the input, the output oscillation is called the l/n order pure subharmonic oscillation. The possibility of the occurrence of pure subharmonic oscillations as the response of a nonlinear feedback control system may be predicted from an accurate closed-loop attenuation-frequency curve for a given input amplitude. That is, if the maximum ratio of the system output amplitude to the system input amplitude is large (about 3 db or more), there is a possibility that the output of the system may oscillate with a subharmonic of the input frequency. However, if the maximum ratio of the output amplitude to the input amplitude is small (about 2 db or less), the possibility of the occurrence of pure subharmonic oscillations is very small, if any. Because of the fact that the wave form of the output of a nonlinear element is often extremely nonsinusoidal and it is difficult, in general, to handle nonlinear differential equations, graphical techniques are usually employed for finding the closed-loop frequency response of nonlinear feedback control systems.
The Asphyxiated Neonatal Thalamus: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Background and Aims: Perinatal asphyxia is an important cause of permanent brain injury in term infants. An important neuroimaging indicator of neurodevelopmental prognosis following perinatal asphyxia is the extent of thalamic involvement. However the different patterns of injury seen within thalamus remain unclear. We used diffusion tensor imaging to study these patterns. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analysed DTI scans of 24 patients diagnosed with perinatal asphyxia, scanned between day 4-7 after birth. Images were acquired using a GE 1.5 Tesla system. Regions of interest were manually placed in four different thalamic regions (ventrolateral, medial, anterior and posterior region) and four localisations in cortex (prefrontal, parietal (post S1), occipital and temporal). ADC values were calculated using ‘DTI-studio’. Pearson's correlation coefficient and a multiple regression analysis were used (SPSS 17.0) to study relations between cortical and thalamic values. Results: We found significant correlations between prefrontal cortical ADC values and (connected) anterior- and medial thalamic regions. Temporal ADC values were correlated to Posterior thalamic regions. Occipital and parietal cortex showed highest correlation with posterior thalamic regions. Conclusions: Our study reveals significant correlations between the decrease of ADC values of thalamic nuclei and their anatomically corresponding cortical areas in perinatal asphyxia. These findings help explain different injury patterns seen within the asphyxiated thalamus. Unravelling these thalamic injury patterns using DTI could provide insights needed to improve our prognostication following perinatal asphyxia.
A chemically regenerative redox fuel cell

A novel chemically regenerative redox fuel cell is described. The electrode reactions are based on the following redox reactions: cathodic reaction: anodic reaction: VO 2 + +2H++e → VO2++H2O (E 0 ∼+1V), SiW12O 40 5− → SiW12O 40 4− +e (E 0∼ 0V). Regeneration of the oxidant by direct oxidation with O2 was achieved by using the soluble heteropoly acid catalysts, H3PMo12O40 or H5PMo10V2O40, whereas regeneration of the tungstosilicic acid, H3SiW12O40, was accomplished by direct reduction with H2 utilizing small amounts of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru or the soluble Pd-4, 4′, 4″, 4″'-tetrasulphophthalocyanine complex as catalysts. Some aspects of the regeneration kinetics and their influence on the overall performance of the redox fuel cell are discussed.
Calcium is an inhibitor of luteinizing hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the luteal cell.

Both prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and LHRH inhibit LH-stimulated cAMP accumulation and progesterone secretion in the intact luteal cell, but have no effect on LH-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity in isolated membranes. The present studies were conducted to assess the possibility that calcium (Ca2+) may mediate the inhibitory activity of PGF2α and LHRH in the rat luteal cell. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ significantly enhanced cAMP accumulation in response to LH by about 2-fold, but blunted LH-stimulated progesterone secretion. Incubation of luteal cells with A23187 caused a highly significant and dose-related decrease in LH-stimulated cAMP accumulation with a concentration for half-maximal inhibition (IC50) of about 1 μm. No effect of A23187 was seen on LH-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity, but the ionophore elicited significant inhibition of LH-stimulated intracellular cAMP accumulation in the presence of isobutyl-methylxanthine (MIX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Inhibition by A23187 was Ca2+ depe...
Long term health monitoring systems for bridges

A number of efforts had been sought to instrument bridges for the purpose of structural monitoring and assessment. The outcome of these efforts, as gauged by advances in the understanding of the definition of structural damage and their role in sensor selection as well as in the design of cost and data-effective monitoring systems, has itself been difficult to assess. The authors' experience with the design, calibration, and operation of a monitoring system for the Kishwaukee Bridge in Illinois has provided several lessons that bear upon these concerns. The systems have performed well in providing a continuous, low-cost monitoring platform for bridge engineers with immediate relevant information. Experiences learned from the design and installation of health monitoring systems for several major long span bridges in Japan and China will be addressed.
Serum alpha-feto protein (α-FP) and hepatoma in Rhodesian Africans.

Abstract Alpha-feto protein (α-FP) is now accepted as a very useful serum marker of hepatocarcinoma, and since its discovery in 1963, surveys have been carried out in various regions of the world, where hepatoma is particularly prevalent, which have shown that α-FP may be detected in 50 to 80% of patients with liver cancer. The sera of 30 Rhodesian African patients with histologically proven hepatoma were tested in this study for the presence of α-FP. In only 47% was α-FP detected. Thus it is our experience that a positive result is strong evidence in favour of a diagnosis of hepatocarcinoma whilst a negative result is of little value, necessitating that liver biopsy be carried out in all patients with a clinical suspicion of liver cancer.
Experimental Characterization of Fatigue Crack Tip Processes

Many analytical models have been proposed to describe the physical processes attendant to a fatigue crack tip, as well as the rate at which fatigue cracks grow. By applying advanced experimental methods (such as electron channeling, stereoimaging, and in-situ cyclic loading in an SEM) to a broad range of structural materials, it has been shown that it is possible to critically assess the physical assumptions incorporated into the models. Refinements in existing models and the development of new ones have resulted. New insights into materials' behavior are providing guidelines for improving the fatigue resistance of structural alloys. In the near future, even more advanced experimental methods, such as high temperature SEM stages and small angle neutron scattering, will be available to study creep/fatigue interactions in metals and ceramics.
Three-dimensional separation induced by a convected disturbance

A three-dimensional inviscid velocity distribution is selected to mimic the flow produced at the wall by a three-dimensional vortex convected above an infinite wall. The main interest is in determining the viscous response of the boundary layer on the wall to the imposed pressure distribution. It is demonstrated that complex effects occur in the boundary layer (including the formation of zones of apparent recirculation) that eventually lead to separation. Solutions are obtained in both a conventional Eulerian frame of reference and with a three-dimensional Lagrangian method. The separation takes the form of a sharply focused eruptive tongue of fluid in a manner consistent with modern asymptotic theories of three-dimensional separation, which indicate the boundary-layer solution will develop a singularity in the absence of interaction with the external flow. The unsteady separation structure is similar to that in two dimensions when viewed in the appropriate direction. The possible relevance of the results to the dynamics of turbulent boundary layers is described
Do consumers prefer round prices? Evidence from pay-what-you-want decisions and self-pumped gasoline purchases

Abstract Consumers selected round prices and/or sales-totals at greater than chance levels across two different pay-what-you-want situations and one self-pumped gasoline purchase. The differences among these situations suggest that the tendency to select round prices/sales-totals reflects a subjective preference (or liking) for round prices and not a variety of other potential explanatory processes. Discussion focuses on possible economic consequences of this revealed preference for round prices as well as directions for future research.
Effects of the Teach-Model-Coach-Review Instructional Approach on Caregiver Use of Language Support Strategies and Children's Expressive Language Skills

Purpose In this study, the authors examined the effects of the Teach-Model-Coach-Review instructional approach on caregivers' use of four enhanced milieu teaching (EMT) language support strategies and on their children's use of expressive language. Method Four caregiver–child dyads participated in a single-subject, multiple-baseline study. Children were between 24 and 42 months of age and had language impairment. Interventionists used the Teach-Model-Coach-Review instructional approach to teach caregivers to use matched turns, expansions, time delays, and milieu teaching prompts during 24 individualized clinic sessions. Caregiver use of each EMT language support strategy and child use of communication targets were the dependent variables. Results The caregivers demonstrated increases in their use of each EMT language support strategy after instruction. Generalization and maintenance of strategy use to the home was limited, indicating that teaching across routines is necessary to achieve maximal outcomes. ...
Hypertrophied Papillary Muscles as a Masquerade of Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

![Figure][1] [![Graphic][3] ][3][![Graphic][4] ][4][![Graphic][5] ][5][![Graphic][6] ][6] A 63-year-old woman with coronary artery bypass grafting 3 years ago presented with continued fatigue and mild chest tightness since her surgery. Her resting electrocardiogram
Effects of zero-point and thermal vibrational averaging on computed NMR properties of a model compound for purine nucleosides

A method for the incorporation of thermal averaging into the calculation of nuclear magnetic resonance properties is given. These properties are computed using density functional theory, anharmonic first-order perturbation corrections to a normal-mode analysis, and standard statistical mechanical averaging. The method is applied to the calculation of chemical shieldings and spin−spin coupling constants (J couplings) of 1‘-imidazolyl-2‘-deoxy-β-ribofuranose (IDR), a model compound for purine nucleosides, at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level of theory. Thermal averaging causes substantial changes in the values of computed parameters. The calculated harmonic normal modes of IDR are also investigated; we find reasonable agreement with published results from vibrational spectroscopy on DNA fragments. Finally, the calculated magnetic and structural data regarding the reported hydrogen bond between H8 on the imidazole ring and O5‘ on the sugar ring are investigated; we find that such data do not strongly support th...
Cardiac MRI in the management of congenital heart disease in children, adolescents, and young adults

Recent advances in MRI have made this modality an important tool for evaluating heart disease. Faster scanning techniques, high spatial resolution, lack of ionizing radiation, lack of dependence on contrast material, and capability for functional imaging have made it an emerging noninvasive diagnostic tool with great potential in younger patients with heart disease. This article discusses the role of cardiac MRI, methods of evaluation, and newer application of MRI in evaluating congenital heart disease in pediatric and young adult patients.
721-4 Quantitative Echocardiographic Analysis of Aortic Arch Morphometry Predicts Outcome of Balloon Angioplasty of Native Coarctation of the Aorta

To determine whether quantitative analysis of aortic arch morphometry can predict outcome of balloon angioplasty (BA) of native coarctation of the aorta (COA), we reviewed pre-angioplasty echocardiograms available on 105 patients undergoing BA from 1983–1994. Multiple aortic arch measures were digitized off-line and indexed to BSA. Patients were categorized as angioplasty successes (residual systolic gradient l 20 mmHg and freedom from in tervention for recoarctation) or failures at immediate (0-1 mo.). intermediate (1–72 mos.) and long-term ( g 72 mos.) follow-up (FU) intervals. Comparisons between categories of arch measures were performed for each FU interval Results At immediate FU, the following differences between outcome categories were observed: Echo Measurement Success (n = 83) Failure (n = 22) P value Aortic Annulus (cm/BSA 0.5 ) 1.48 ± 020 135 ± 023 l 0.025 Distal Aortic Arch (cm/BSA 0.5 ) 115 ± 020 095 ± 0.17 l00001 Isthmus Icm/BSA 0.5 ) 1.04 ± 0.17 0.79 ± 0.10 l00001 Isthmus z-score -1.14 ± 0.98 -2.61 ± 0.53 l00001 Isthmic Volume (ml/BSA 1.5 ) 0.63 ± 0.35 0.30 ± 0.20 l0.0001 Coarctation Site (cm/BSA 0.5 ) 0.54 ± 014 0.49 ± 0.10 NS Isthmus/Descending Aorta 0.91 ± 0.18 0.68 ± 0.14 l0.0001 At intermediate FU, the above variables achieved similar statistical significance in describing differences between success (n = 54) and failure (n = 21). Logistic regression analysis using isthmus z-score yielded a prediction model P (Fail) = (1 +e -6.22-2.39Z )- 1 in the immediate group. An isthmus zscore ≤ -2.16 predicted failure (91% sensitivity, 85% specificity). In the intermediate FU group, stepwise logistic regression with aortic annulus, isthmus z-score and coarctation site/isthmus ratio yielded a model predicting failure with 91% sensitivity and 81% specificity. Though less sensitive (39%), echocardiographic presence of patent ductus arteriosus was a highly specific (93%) predictor of failure at immediate and intermediate FU, with positive predictive value of 81%. A single patient failed during the long-term FU interval Conclusion Quantitative echocardiographic analysis of aortic arch morphometry predicts outcome of BA of native COA. These data may improve selection of candidates for BA
Band 3 “Neapolis”: ciao ciao aldolase

Comment on Perrotta et al, page [4359][1] The N-terminal region of protein band 3 plays an important role in associating several cytoplasmic proteins with the red cell membrane. Perrotta and colleagues have identified a novel band 3 mutation, “Neapolis,” which causes severe hemolytic anemia,
The Research of Electronical Control System Based on OSEK/VDX

The standard of OSEK/VDX which used in the embedded operating system of car was analysized, and based on this, to select the open-source real-time operating system μC/OS-II as a operation system that will be loaded in the control chip. After that the kernel structure of the μC/OS-II was analysized, and modified the kernel of the system in accordance with OSEK/VDX standards, then translated the μC/OS-II system to the LPC2131 development board for the follow-up application development laid the foundation.
Origin of background electron concentration in InxGa1-xN alloys

The origin of high background electron concentration ($n$) in In${}_{x}$Ga${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$N alloys has been investigated. A shallow donor was identified as having an energy level (${E}_{D}$${}_{1}$) that decreases with $x$ (${E}_{D}$${}_{1}$ = 16 meV at $x$ = 0 and ${E}_{D}$${}_{1}$ = 0 eV at $x$ \ensuremath{\sim} 0.5) and that crossover the conduction band at $x$ \ensuremath{\sim} 0.5. This shallow donor is believed to be the most probable cause of high $n$ in InGaN. This understanding is consistent with the fact that $n$ increases sharply with an increase in $x$ and becomes constant for $x$ g 0.5. A continuous reduction in $n$ was obtained by increasing the V/III ratio during the epilayer growth, suggesting that nitrogen vacancy-related impurities are a potential cause of the shallow donors and high background electron concentration in InGaN.
Pulsed NMR in superfluid3He-B

Abstract We have performed pulsed NMR experiments in superfluid 3 He-B under conditions of high H 0 and H 1 homogeneity in order to study non-linear spin dynamics. We made extensive measurements near the “magic” tipping angle in order to measure its temperature dependence. We report the discovery of new effects, including a small negative frequency shift at tipping angles close to, but slightly less than the “magic” tipping angle. We also discuss the evolution of the precession frequency as the system relaxes after the RF pulse.
Fielding and Initiating Questions in Class

(1985). Fielding and Initiating Questions in Class. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas: Vol. 58, No. 6, pp. 270-273.
Leukoplakia: molecular understanding of pre-malignant lesions and implications for clinical management

Oral leukoplakia is a white patch or plaque of the oral mucosa that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other diagnosable disease. Although oral leukoplakia is a well-known oral premalignant lesion with a high risk for development of oral cancer, little is known about its genetic basis. The development of oral cancer is a multistep process and it is believed that multiple genetic alterations are involved. Understanding this underlying genetic basis of oral cancer development will help us design better diagnosis and treatment plans in the cancer clinic. This review discusses recent progress in the identification of genetic and cytogenetic alterations in oral pre-maglignant lesions and their potential clinical applications.
Spectrophotometric assay for choline acetyltransferase

Abstract A rapid and simple spectrophotometric assay for choline acetyltransferase is described. The method employs 4,4′-dithiodipyridine to measure the coenzyme A produced by the enzymic reaction. The conditions of the assay are described. The results are compared with those obtained by the radiochemical assay of the enzyme.
Regulation of Retinoschisin Secretion in Weri-Rb1 Cells by the F-Actin and Microtubule Cytoskeleton

Retinoschisin is encoded by the gene responsible for X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS), an early onset macular degeneration that results in a splitting of the inner layers of the retina and severe loss in vision. Retinoschisin is predominantly expressed and secreted from photoreceptor cells as a homo-oligomer protein; it then associates with the surface of retinal cells and maintains the retina cellular architecture. Many missense mutations in the XLRS1 gene are known to cause intracellular retention of retinoschisin, indicating that the secretion process of the protein is a critical step for its normal function in the retina. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying retinoschisin's secretion remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of the F-actin cytoskeleton in the secretion of retinoschisin by treating Weri-Rb1 cells, which are known to secrete retinoschisin, with cytochalasin D, jasplakinolide, Y-27632, and dibutyryl cGMP. Our results show that cytochalasin D and jasplakinolide inhibit retinoschisin secretion, whereas Y-27632 and dibutyryl cGMP enhance secretion causing F-actin alterations. We also demonstrate that high concentrations of taxol, which hyperpolymerizes microtubules, inhibit retinoschisin secretion. Our data suggest that retinoschisin secretion is regulated by the F-actin cytoskeleton, that cGMP or inhibition of ROCK alters F-actin structure enhancing the secretion, and that the microtubule cytoskeleton is also involved in this process.
“Doing Religion” In a Secular World Women in Conservative Religions and the Question of Agency

Sociological studies of women's experiences with conservative religions are typically framed by a paradox that ponders women's complicity. The prevailing view associates agency with strategic subjects who use religion to further extra-religious ends and pays little attention to the cultural and institutional contexts that shape “compliance.” This paper suggests an alternative framing. Rather than asking why women comply, I examine agency as religious conduct and religiosity as a constructed status. Drawing on a study that examined how orthodox Jewish Israeli women observe, negotiate, and make sense of regulations of marital sexuality, this paper explains religious women's agency as religious conduct, or the “doing” of religion. I demonstrate that doing religion is associated with a search for authentic religious subjecthood and that religiosity is shaped in accordance with the logics of one's religion, and in the context of controlling messages about threatened symbolic boundaries and cultural Others.
Poly(2,4‐perfluoroalkylene‐6‐Perfluoroalkyltriazine)s, new high temperature elastomers

Poly(perfluoroalkyleneimidoylperfluoroalkylenoamidine)s have been prepared by the reaction of perfluoroalkane dinitriles with ammonia or with the diamidines of the dinitriles. The imidoylamidine polymers were treated with anhydrides to give poly(perfluoroalkyIenetriazine)s. Treatment of the imidoylamidine polymer with perfluoroglutaric anhydride or 4-cyanoperfluorobutyryl chloride gave pendant carboxyl or nitrile groups, respectively, on the triazine polymer which served as crosslinking sites. The formation of triazine crosslinks from the nitrile-pendant groups by trimerization with catalysts such as tetraphenyltin has given crosslinked polymers with tensile strengths of 1500 p.s.i., 70% elongation, and with thermal stability aproaching that of the original gum. The milling of catalysts and fillers with the polymer decreased the thermal stability in comparison with the original gum. PolyperfluoralkyIenimidoyl-perfluoralkylenamidine wurden durch Reaktion von Perfluoralkandinitrilen mit Ammoniak oder mit den Diamidinen der Nitrile hergestellt. Die Imidoylamidin-Polymeren wurden mit Anhydriden zu Polyperflouralkylentriazinen umagesetzt. Mit Perfluorglutarsaureanhydrid oder 4-Cyanoperfluorbutyrylchlorid entstanden Triazine mit anhangenden Carboxyl- bzw. Nitrilgruppen, die als Vernetzungsstellen dienten. Bei der Vernetzung durch Trimerisation mit Katalvsatoren wie Tetraphenylzinn ergaben sich vernetzte Polymere mit Zugfestigkeiten von 1500 p.s.i., 70% Dehnung, und hoher thermischer Stabilitat. Beim Vermahlen von Katalysatoren und Fullstoffen mit dem Polymeren nahm die Temperaturbestandigkeit gegenuber der Ausgangsprobe ab.
Glutamate levels and activity of the T cell voltage-gated potassium Kv1.3 channel in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective Alterations in glutamate homeostasis and Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channel function have been independently associated with T cell dysfunction, whereas selective blockade of Kv1.3 channels inhibits T cell activation and improves T cell–mediated manifestations in animal models of autoimmunity. Because low extracellular glutamate concentrations enhance the activity of this channel in normal T cells ex vivo, we undertook this study to examine serum glutamate concentrations and Kv1.3 channel activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods We used high-performance liquid chromatography for glutamate measurements, and we used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique for electrophysiologic studies performed in freshly isolated, noncultured peripheral T cells. Results Mean ± SD serum concentrations of glutamate were lower in patients with either clinically quiescent SLE (77 ± 27 μM [n = 18]) or active SLE (61 ± 36 μM [n = 16]) than in healthy controls (166 ± 64 μM [n = 24]) (both P < 0.0001). The intrinsic gating properties of the Kv1.3 channels in lupus T cells were found to be comparable with those in healthy control–derived T cells. Notably, electrophysiologic data from SLE patient–derived T cells exposed to extracellular glutamate concentrations similar to their respective serum levels (50 μM) demonstrated Kv1.3 current responses enhanced by almost 20% (P < 0.01) compared with those subsequently obtained from the same cell in the presence of glutamate concentrations within control serum levels (200 μM). Conclusion Based on the key role of Kv1.3 channel activity in lymphocyte physiology, an enhancing in vivo effect of low serum glutamate concentrations on the functional activity of this channel may contribute to lupus T cell hyperactivity. Studies to further elucidate Kv1.3 responses in SLE, as well as the possible pathogenetic role of this unsuspected metabolic abnormality, may have therapeutic implications for SLE patients.
Arthroscopic Particulated Juvenile Cartilage Allograft Transplantation for the Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

Several options exist for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Particulated juvenile cartilage allograft transplantation (PJCAT) has become a viable treatment modality for osteochondral lesions of the talus that are not amenable to microfracture or for which microfracture has failed. Arthroscopic placement of this type of graft obviates the need for osteotomy or plafondplasty and does not prevent additional procedures from being performed through an anterior approach. Special instrumentation and setup are not required to perform this procedure. Our arthroscopic technique for placement of particulated juvenile cartilage into osteochondral lesions of the talus is described. Case series and outcomes after arthroscopic ankle PJCAT are currently not reported within the literature; however, it is believed that the outcomes are at least similar to those of open ankle PJCAT.
The transfer and Whitehead's conjecture

In this paper we present a proof of G. W. Whitehead's conjecture about symmetric products of the sphere spectrum S. Our methods are based on the transfer, the Steinberg module, and the structure of the Hecke algebra. Our results are valid for all primes and extend those of the first author for p = 2 [7]. As originally stated, the conjecture asserts thatis zero on p-primary components in positive degrees [11]. By considering the quotients L(k) = Σ-kSPpkS/SPk-1-S, this is seen to be equivalent to the exactness ofon homotopy groups, where ∂k is the connecting map and e is the inclusion of the bottom cell. Here and throughout all spaces and spectra are localized at p.
Variations in bovine plasma A-esterase activity and the relationship between plasma and milk A-esterase activities.

Abstract The distribution of plasma A-esterase levels for 83 cows selected from one herd was determined. Some of these values ( n = 61) were related with corresponding milk A-esterase levels. Considerable inter- and intrabreed variations in plasma A-esterase levels were observed. Holsteins as a group tended to have higher plasma activities ( X ¯ = 152 enzyme units, n = 37) than Jerseys and Guernseys ( X ¯ = 98, n = 19, and X ¯ = 110, n = 27, respectively). The standard deviations for plasma A-esterase levels among Holsteins, Jerseys, and Guernseys were 27, 21, and 28 enzyme units, respectively. The average standard deviation in plasma A-esterase levels within individual cows during a four-month period was 12 enzyme units. Milk and plasma A-esterase levels were related ( r = 0.56 for 51 cows from three breeds; r = 0.23, n = 26 for Holsteins; r = 0.48, n = 17 for Jerseys; and r = 0.18, n = 18 for Guernseys). The average plasma-to-milk A-esterase ratio was 1,800:1.
Quantitative Feedback Design of Decentralized Control Systems

In the spirit of practical applicability, design transparency and quantitative specifications, this paper presents a new robust decentralized control design framework-model reference quantitative feedback design (MRQFD)-for multivariable control systems with large plant uncertainty and strong cross-coupling. The MRQFD method provides a connection between Rosenbrock's Nyquist array and Horowitz's quantitative feedback theory. There are two main stages in the MRQFD method. First, an internal model reference loop, based on non-negative matrix theory, is used to obtain robust generalized diagonal dominance and hence the reduction of uncertainty in the resultant compensated internal loop system
Doing disaffiliation with now-prefaced utterances

Like prosody and gestures, discourse markers are part of the contextualization cues (Gumperz, 1982) that signal subtle meanings in interaction. In this paper, I detail a particular type of utterance that involves one such marker – now. Using data from audio and video recordings from various contexts, I investigate what now-prefaced utterances (NPUs) are used to accomplish in interaction. The methodology is predominantly conversation analytic, complemented by acoustic readings. The findings show that NPUs are important resources for doing disaffiliation, either self-directed or other-directed.
Quantum calculation of giant magnetoresistance in layered magnetic films.

We compute the magnetoresistance of a step-potential model of an FeCr multilayer. We use a Boltzmann-equation method incorporating exact quantum-mechanical wave functions obtained by a transfer-matrix method. The only parameters required are the (spin-dependent) potentials and effective masses of the bulk materials, and the bulk and surface densities of point scatterers. Oscillatory magnetoresistances of the order of several percent are obtained without spin-dependent scattering, due to Fermi-surface necking effects.
Physical model for strong optical-amplitude fluctuations in a turbulent medium

Tatarskii’s geometrical-optics model of scintillation has been generalized to include both diffraction and the loss of spatial coherence of the wave as it propagates through the turbulent medium. An estimate is obtained of the amplitude fluctuations that agrees with the results of perturbation theory for σϒ2⪡1 and saturates to a constant value of the order unity for σT2⪢1 ( σT2 is the amplitude variance calculated on the basis of perturbation theory). In addition, we have calculated the amplitude correlation function. For σT2⪡1, the amplitude correlation function agrees with the results of perturbation theory and for the Kolmogorov spectrum is characterized by a correlation length of the order (L/k)1/2, where L is the propagation distance and k is the optical wave number. Conversely, for σT2⪢1 the amplitude correlation length decreases with increasing propagation distance and is shown to be equal to the lateral coherence length of the wave ρ0(L). In this regime, a residual correlation tail is obtained in agreement with recent experiments.
The sex of home and the home of sex in the contemporary travel text

(1996). The sex of home and the home of sex in the contemporary travel text. Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory: Vol. 7, No. 2-3, pp. 87-101.