cssi/SciSciGPT-SciSciNet huggingface dataset:
Perturbation theory via the Ricatti equation

We present summary results of a bound-state perturbation theory for a one-space and one-time dimension nonrelativistic spinless (Schrodinger) particle, a relativistic spinless (Klein-Gordon) particle, and a relativistic spin-half (Dirac) particle in central fields due to scalar or fourth-component vector-type interactions for an arbitrary bound state. This is accomplished by the reduction of the wave equations to Ricatti form. This enables a decoupling between the pair of coupled first order differential equations on the large and small component Dirac wave functions or a decoupling of the second order differential equation in the Schrodinger or Klein-Gordon equations. All corrections to the energies and wave functions, including corrections to the positions of the nodes in excited states, are expressed in quadratures in a hierarchial scheme, without the use of either the Green's function or the sum over intermediate states. For the ground states of a Schrodinger particle, it is possible to extend this technique to multidimension in the case where the perturbation is due to noncentral fields, for example, in the problem of a nonrelativistic hydrogen atom in a linear combination of multiple fields.
Transient responses of alternative vehicle configurations: A theoretical and experimental study on the effects of atypical moments of inertia

With the rise of efficient powertrain technologies, future vehicles may exhibit a large variance in mass distribution and inertial parameters. This paper asserts the importance of understanding the effects of atypical inertial properties on vehicle handling and driver experience. Atypically low moments of inertia result in changes to the driver's perception of the lateral acceleration, and the transient development of rear tire force. Both effects can be understood conceptually through an analysis of the center of rotation, and are illustrated experimentally in a comparison of data from two vehicles: a production vehicle with typical mass and inertia properties, and a by-wire electric research vehicle with significantly different properties. The information provided in this paper can be used in the future as a new design tool when considering vehicle mass properties.
Taxonomy as a fundamental discipline.

There are at present, at rough estimate, ca. 6000 taxonomists at work worldwide on all organisms combined. That is a tiny slice of the biological community as a whole, and their discipline remains one of the weakest and most underfunded (Wilson 2002). From my own museum experience, I believe that twice this number, with several technical assistants each and the aforementioned new technologies, could move the global biodiversity survey to near completion within a single human generation.
The vector-thread architecture

The vector-thread (VT) architectural paradigm describes a class of architectures that unify the vector and multithreaded execution models. VT architectures compactly encode large amounts of structured parallelism in a form that lets simple microarchitectures attain high performance at low power by avoiding complex control and data path structures and by reducing activity on long wires
Alcohol's Effects on Lipid Bilayer Properties

Alcohols are known modulators of lipid bilayer properties. Their biological effects have long been attributed to their bilayer-modifying effects, but alcohols can also alter protein function through direct protein interactions. This raises the question: Do alcohol's biological actions result predominantly from direct protein-alcohol interactions or from general changes in the membrane properties? The efficacy of alcohols of various chain lengths tends to exhibit a so-called cutoff effect (i.e., increasing potency with increased chain length, which that eventually levels off). The cutoff varies depending on the assay, and numerous mechanisms have been proposed such as: limited size of the alcohol-protein interaction site, limited alcohol solubility, and a chain-length-dependent lipid bilayer-alcohol interaction. To address these issues, we determined the bilayer-modifying potency of 27 aliphatic alcohols using a gramicidin-based fluorescence assay. All of the alcohols tested (with chain lengths of 1-16 carbons) alter the bilayer properties, as sensed by a bilayer-spanning channel. The bilayer-modifying potency of the short-chain alcohols scales linearly with their bilayer partitioning; the potency tapers off at higher chain lengths, and eventually changes sign for the longest-chain alcohols, demonstrating an alcohol cutoff effect in a system that has no alcohol-binding pocket.
Comparison of the antiarrhythmic effects of acebutolol and propranolol in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias

Abstract This study was designed to assess the relative antiarrhythmic activity of fixed doses of 2 betaadrenergic blocking agents, propranolol and ace-butolol, in a prospective double-blind crossover trial. Twenty-one patients who had at least 30 premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) per hour while receiving placebo were entered into the study. Ten patients were randomized to initially receive propranolol, 40 mg every 8 hours, and 11 were assigned to receive acebutolol, 300 mg every 8 hours. After 6 weeks of treatment, patients were weaned off medication for 1 week and then placed on placebo for 1 week. Eighteen patients were available and eligible for crossover to the alternative regimen for an additional 6 weeks. All 21 patients completed courses with propranolol and 17 completed courses with acebutolol. The mean number of PVCs per hour during placebo, propranolol and acebutolol treatment were 267, 87 and 119, respectively. Using paired t test statistics on observation differences, both propranolol and acebutolol significantly reduced the number of PVCs per hour compared with placebo, whereas similar analysis revealed no significant difference in the antiarrhythmic effect. However, with the current sample size the power of the test is too low for the latter conclusion to be stated with confidence. Side effects were mild and infrequent, requiring discontinuation of acebutolol in 2 patients and discontinuation of propranolol in 1. Thus, acebutolol is a safe and effective antiarrhythmic agent and compares favorably with propranolol.
Self-reported adverse tattoo reactions: a New York City Central Park study.

SummaryBackground Although permanent tattoos are becoming increasingly commonplace, there is a paucity of epidemiological data on adverse tattoo reactions. Several European studies have indicated that tattoo reactions may be relatively common, although the extent of this phenomenon in the United States is largely unknown. Objectives To provide insights into the prevalence and nature of adverse tattoo reactions. Patients/materials/methods We administered a survey about adverse tattoo reactions to 300 randomly selected tattooed people in Central Park, New York City. Results Of 300 participants, 31 (10.3%) reported experiencing an adverse tattoo reaction, 13 (4.3%) reported acute reactions, and 18 (6.0%) suffered from a chronic reaction involving a specific colour lasting for >4 months. Forty-four per cent of colour-specific reactions were to red ink, which was only slightly higher than the frequency of red ink in the sampled population (36%). Twenty-five per cent of chronic reactions were to black ink, which was less than expected based on the number of respondents with black tattoos (90.3%). Study participants with chronic, colour-specific reactions had more tattoo colours than those without reactions. Conclusions This study shows that tattoo reactions are relatively common, and that further investigation into the underlying causes is merited.
Minimum-norm method without eigendecomposition

The minimum-norm method (MNM) for high-resolution angles-of-arrival (AOA) estimation relies on special-purpose hardware or software for obtaining the signal and noise subspace eigenvectors of autocorrelation (AC) matrices. It is shown that the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of the AC matrix (DFT-of-AC) essentially performs an equivalent task of separating the signal and noise subspaces. Furthermore, when the signal-subspace part of the DFT-of-AC vectors are used in MNM, almost identical high-resolution AOA estimates are produced. >
Chronic mastopathy and breast cancer: A Follow‐Up Study

Over an average period of seven years 2,900 cases of benign breast lesions diagnosed by biopsy between 1948 and 1973 in the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Foundation Hospital, Oakland, were followed for breast cancer development. When classified according to traditional diagnostic categories, the cancer incidence per 1,000 person-years varies between 2.7 and 7.9 and appears to be elevated in comparison to expectations obtained from the Third National Cancer Survey, San Francisco Bay Area. Two thousand four hundred biopsies were also scored by the Black-Chabon method. There is an upward trend in the breast cancer incidence as the atypia score rises, a finding which confirms conclusions from a retrospective case-control study by Black et al.1
Disassociation of electrons from partially stripped ion beams due to strong magnetic fields

The probability of disassociating an electron from partially stripped ions in the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) is investigated. Calculation indicates that the probability for electron disassociation due to the strong external magnetic field in the AGS is very small for tightly bounded electrons. Two methods are used to estimate this effect: a one-dimensional JWKB method and an energy density approximation. Both methods yield a consistent picture to support the idea of accelerating the partially stripped ions in the AGS, which requires some upgrade in the vacuum pressure due to other processes such as electron capture and ionization. >
Contemporary Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bacterial Pathogens Commonly Associated with Febrile Patients with Neutropenia

One of the most challenging problems in antimicrobial chemotherapy is the effective empirical treatment of infection in patients with neutropenia. The rates of occurrence for pathogens have significantly changed (from predominance of gram-negative to gram-positive organisms) under selective pressure of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy or prophylaxis, and novel resistance mechanisms have emerged. To address the need for appropriate monotherapy or combination regimens for patients with neutropenia, physicians must prescribe agents with a spectrum of antimicrobial activity to inhibit the major, prevalent pathogens encountered in bloodstream infection and pneumonia; in addition, these selected agents must be active against recently described resistant organisms. Data from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program indicate that several broad-spectrum agents remain highly active and can be used alone or in combinations. In most cases, the newer compounds with increased activity and spectrum against gram-positive cocci (i.e., carbapenems, cefepime, levofloxacin, and trovafloxacin) offer a greater inhibitory potential for empirical therapy among patients with neutropenia and severe infections.
The role of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies

Gynecologic malignancies annually account for over 91,000 new cancer cases and approximately 28,000 deaths in the United States. Although there have been advancements in cytotoxic chemotherapies, there has not been significant improvement in overall survival in these patients. While targeted therapies have shown some benefit in many solid tumors, further development of these agents is needed for the treatment of gynecologic malignancies. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) catalyzes the polyADP-ribosylation of proteins involved in DNA repair. Inhibitors of PARP were originally developed for cancers with homologous recombination deficiencies, such as those harboring mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. However, preclinical research and clinical trials have suggested that the activity of PARP inhibitors is not limited to those with BRCA mutations. PARP inhibitors may have activity in cancers deficient in other DNA repair genes, signaling pathways that mitigate DNA repair, or in combination with DNA-damaging agents independent of DNA repair dysfunction. Currently there are seven different PARP inhibitors in clinical development for cancer. While there has been promising clinical activity for some of these agents, there are still significant unanswered questions regarding their use. Going forward, specific questions that must be answered include timing of therapy, use in combination with cytotoxic agents or as single agent maintenance therapy, and whether there is a predictive biomarker that can be used with PARP inhibition. Even with large strides in the treatment of many gynecologic malignancies in recent years, it is imperative that we develop newer agents and methods to identify patients that may benefit from these compounds. The focus of this review will be on preclinical data, current clinical trials, and the future of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of ovarian, endometrial and cervical cancer.
Activation of the Arp2/3 Complex by the Actin Filament Binding Protein Abp1p

The actin-related protein (Arp) 2/3 complex plays a central role in assembly of actin networks. Because distinct actin-based structures mediate diverse processes, many proteins are likely to make spatially and temporally regulated interactions with the Arp2/3 complex. We have isolated a new activator, Abp1p, which associates tightly with the yeast Arp2/3 complex. Abp1p contains two acidic sequences (DDW) similar to those found in SCAR/WASp proteins. We demonstrate that mutation of these sequences abolishes Arp2/3 complex activation in vitro. Genetic studies indicate that this activity is important for Abp1p functions in vivo. In contrast to SCAR/WASp proteins, Abp1p binds specifically to actin filaments, not monomers. Actin filament binding is mediated by the ADF/cofilin homology (ADF-H) domain of Abp1p and is required for Arp2/3 complex activation in vitro. We demonstrate that Abp1p recruits Arp2/3 complex to the sides of filaments, suggesting a novel mechanism of activation. Studies in yeast and mammalian cells indicate that Abp1p is involved functionally in endocytosis. Based on these results, we speculate that Abp1p may link Arp2/3-mediated actin assembly to a specific step in endocytosis.
Factors influencing adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to influenza A virus-infected cell cultures.

Abstract A quantitative radioassay was used to study the factors affecting the adherence of 3H-labeled Staphylococcus aureus 1071 to Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, either uninfected or infected with the human FM1 strain of influenza A virus. Enhanced adherence to virus-infected cell cultures was independent of nonspecific factors—hydrophobicity, surface charge, and monolayer cell density. Viral hemagglutinin and neuraminidase did not act as the cell receptors for S. aureus because the growth of virus-inoculated monolayers in tunicamycin (an inhibitor of glycosylation) and the pretreatment of virus-infected cells with trypsin or virus-specific antiserum, which inhibit hemadsorption, had no effect on staphylococcal adherence. In contrast, adherence to uninfected and virus-infected cells was significantly reduced by protease treatment of either monolayers or staphylococci and by heat treatment of staphylococci. UV irradiation and treatment of bacteria with 0.1 M EDTA enhanced adherence. Pretreatment of monolayers with a thermal extract of S. aureus decreased adherence by 89 to 97%. The staphylococcal adhesin, which blocks adherence to virus-infected cells, appears to be a remarkably heat-stable, protease- and trypsin-sensitive macromolecule which is distinct from protein A, clumping factor, and teichoic acid. Lastly, pretreatment of S. aureus with human fibrinogen significantly enhanced adherence to virus-infected cells (P < 0.005) compared with binding with untreated S. aureus. The treated bacteria also adsorbed virus out of suspension. These results suggest that fibrinogen forms a bridge between S. aureus and receptors present on virus-infected cells and free virus.
Participation in Victim–Offender Mediation: Lessons Learned From Observations

Victim—offender mediation has grown to establish itself among criminal justice practices as an alternative to traditionally retributive notions of justice. As the number of programs claiming to be restorative in nature continues to grow, victim—offender mediation programs are emerging as one of the state's preferred delivery methods for restorative justice. Restorative practices, including victim—offender mediation, are inclusive practices. Participation is not only encouraged, it is a necessary element for victim—offender mediation to achieve restorative outcomes. Through the use of observations and content analysis of agreements produced in victim—offender mediation, this research uncovers several impediments to individual participation, including problems in the implementation of restorative practices; participant domination, including victim lecturing; and a lack of awareness among the participants about the restorative vision of justice.
Analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus-Regulated Host Gene Expression Changes through Primary B-Cell Outgrowth Reveals Delayed Kinetics of Latent Membrane Protein 1-Mediated NF-κB Activation

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic human herpesvirus that dramatically reorganizes host gene expression to immortalize primary B cells. In this study, we analyzed EBV-regulated host gene expression changes following primary B-cell infection, both during initial proliferation and through transformation into lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). While most EBV-regulated mRNAs were changed during the transition from resting, uninfected B cells through initial B-cell proliferation, a substantial number of mRNAs changed uniquely from early proliferation through LCL outgrowth. We identified constitutively and dynamically EBV-regulated biological processes, protein classes, and targets of specific transcription factors. Early after infection, genes associated with proliferation, stress responses, and the p53 pathway were highly enriched. However, the transition from early to long-term outgrowth was characterized by genes involved in the inhibition of apoptosis, the actin cytoskeleton, and NF-κB activity. It was previously thought that the major viral protein responsible for NF-κB activation, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), is expressed within 2 days after infection. Our data indicate that while this is true, LCL-level LMP1 expression and NF-κB activity are not evident until 3 weeks after primary B-cell infection. Furthermore, heterologous NF-κB activation during the first week after infection increased the transformation efficiency, while early NF-κB inhibition had no effect on transformation. Rather, inhibition of NF-κB was not toxic to EBV-infected cells until LMP1 levels and NF-κB activity were high. These data collectively highlight the dynamic nature of EBV-regulated host gene expression and support the notion that early EBV-infected proliferating B cells have a fundamentally distinct growth and survival phenotype from that of LCLs.
Exosome-Driven Antigen Transfer for MHC Class II Presentation Facilitated by the Receptor Binding Activity of Influenza Hemagglutinin

The mechanisms underlying MHC class I-restricted cross-presentation, the transfer of Ag from an infected cell to a professional APC, have been studied in great detail. Much less is known about the equivalent process for MHC class II-restricted presentation. After infection or transfection of class II-negative donor cells, we observed minimal transfer of a proteasome-dependent “class I-like” epitope within the influenza neuraminidase glycoprotein but potent transfer of a classical, H-2M–dependent epitope within the hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein. Additional experiments determined transfer to be exosome-mediated and substantially enhanced by the receptor binding activity of incorporated HA. Furthermore, a carrier effect was observed in that incorporated HA improved exosome-mediated transfer of a second membrane protein. This route of Ag presentation should be relevant to other enveloped viruses, may skew CD4+ responses toward exosome-incorporated glycoproteins, and points toward novel vaccine strategies.
The Price of Tags in Protein Localization Studies

dynamics of fluorescently labeled proteins has had a huge impact in understanding the organization of DNA, RNA, and protein complexes in all cells, particularly in bacteria, which do not have many features visible by electron microscopic methods (17). Yet the fluorescent protein tags used for live cell imaging, as well as small epitope tags used for purification and/or immunolocalization, are a double-edged sword. There have always been suspicions that tags could cause localization artifacts, but these suspicions usually remain just that, as publishing a paper that claims a previous localization pattern as an artifact requires an extra measure of proof, not just negative data. Swulius and Jensen, in an article in this issue (26), have obtainedpreciselythestrongconfirmatoryevidenceneededtorefute somepreviouspublishedlocalizationpatterns.Byusingcryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) on Escherichia coli cells producing a tagged and untagged protein, they show that MreB, the bacterial actin homolog required for cylindrical cell wall growth, does not localizeasahelixunlessitistaggedwithyellowfluorescentprotein (YFP) at its N terminus. This is important because several papers had shown beautiful helical patterns of fluorescence using YFPMreB in E. coli (21, 33‐35). Images from immunofluorescence microscopy of native MreB proteins using anti-MreB did not differ significantly from this helical pattern, so the live cell data were not questioned. Finally, it was very satisfying esthetically that a relatively stable actin cable network was the organized scaffold needed to direct and orient cell wall biosynthesis. It was hard to believethatthesestrongpatternswerenotreal,andconsequently, these patterns, including MreB rings that flanked the E. coli septal ring, were assumed to be physiologically relevant by many. In Bacillus subtilis, functional green fluorescent protein (GFP)tagged MreB homologs also formed helix-like filaments and moved along helical tracks (4), consistent with immunofluorescence data (13), in support of the general helical model. MreB’s helical facade began to crack last year with the publica
CRINOID DISTRIBUTION AND FEEDING MORPHOLOGY THROUGH A DEPOSITIONAL SEQUENCE: KOPE AND FAIRVIEW FORMATIONS, UPPER ORDOVICIAN, CINCINNATI ARCH REGION

Abstract Crinoid columnals are major faunal components of interbedded shales and carbonates of the Upper Ordovician Kope to Fairview formations (Edenian-Maysvillian) of the Cincinnati Arch region. Six species can be identified on the basis of distinctive morphological characters of the columnals. Crinoid distribution was plotted from point-counted carbonate samples taken through a 68-m thick composite section of the Kope to Fairview formations in Campbell County, Kentucky. This section spans a shallowing-upward, third-order depositional sequence (C1), part of C2, and the Edenian-Maysvillian Stage boundary. The slender cladid crinoid Merocrinus occurs in the lowermost Kope below the base of this section. The slender disparids Cincinnaticrinus and Ectenocrinus occur throughout the section but are most abundant in the lower 25 m where the shale percentage is 60–90 percent. The larger, more robust disparid Iocrinus appears within the carbonate-rich Grand Avenue member of the Kope at 40–50 m, and the large, pl...
Leiomyoma of the fallopian tube: A cause of tubal pregnancy

nal bleeding, and where the uterine size is larger than expected for an ectopic. In both cases presented, the diagnosis could have been made by preoperative ultrasonic examination. With the increased availability of diagnostic ultrasound, I suggest that all such patients receive such scans as part of their routine workup, in addition to postoperative monitoring of serum HCG levels, which is useful in those early cases where the results of the intrauterine scan can be inconclusive.
Incorporating Health Literacy Screening Into Patients’ Health Assessment

Low health literacy (HL) has been associated with several negative health outcomes, yet routine HL screening is not commonplace. This study's purpose was to determine the feasibility of incorporating HL screening into the electronic health record (EHR) of patients admitted to a large Mid-Atlantic teaching hospital. After Registered Nurse (RN) training, the HL screening was implemented for all adult patients upon admission. After implementation, RNs were surveyed about the feasibility of HL screening, and patient EHRs were reviewed for HL status. Results indicated that RNs were receptive to HL screening. Approximately 20% of all patients screened were at risk for low HL, with HL scores decreasing as age increased. Patients with low HL had significantly higher hospital readmissions, even when controlling for age and number of health conditions. Further research is needed to determine how healthcare providers alter their patient interactions if they have knowledge that patients are at risk for having low HL.
Little Change Seen In Part-Time Employment As A Result Of The Affordable Care Act

There has been speculation that the Affordable Care Act’s coverage provisions and employer mandate have led to an increase in part-time employment. Using the Current Population Survey for the period 2005–15, we examined data on weekly hours worked by firm size, reason for working part time, age, education, and health insurance. We found only limited evidence to support this speculation.
The biogeography and community structure of kelp forest macroinvertebrates

Understanding species distributions and their community structure is increasingly important when taking an ecosystem-based approach to conservation and management. However, knowledge of the distribution and community structure of species in mid-range trophic levels (e.g. macroinvertebrates) is lacking in most marine ecosystems. Our study aimed to examine the spatial distribution and community-level biogeographic patterns of common kelp forest–rocky reef macroinvertebrates in Southern California and to evaluate the effects of environmental gradients on these communities. Quantitative SCUBA surveys were used to estimate macroinvertebrate densities at 92 sites from 2008–2012. Non-metric multidimensional scaling was used to evaluate spatial patterns of macroinvertebrate communities among Regions. We found that kelp forest–rocky reef macroinvertebrate communities are distinct among different island and mainland regions, and their community patterns exhibited a strong relationship with an environmental gradient (i.e. sea surface temperature) even after controlling for geographic distance between sites. High abundances of urchin species (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Strongylocentrotus franciscanus) were strong drivers of regional differences. Macroinvertebrate community patterns were driven by characteristic species that were typically more prevalent at warmer or colder sites. Our results provide the first quantitative analysis of macroinvertebrate community structure within the California kelp forest ecosystem. We also describe the distribution and abundance of 92 conspicuous kelp forest-rocky reef macroinvertebrates among nine pre-defined Regions. This study provides important preliminary information on these macroinvertebrate species that will be directly useful to inform management of invertebrate fisheries and spatial protection of marine resources.
Oöcyte Development in Blattella germanica and Blattella vaga (Blattaria)

In these oviparous cockroaches the corpora allata are inhibited while the female carries its ootheca, and consequently the oocytes fail to mature. The inhibition of the corpora allata is due to nervous stimuli that result from the presence of the egg case in the oothecal chamber, which are transmitted via the nerve cord to the brain. Inhibition of the corpora allata may cease and oocyte development resume in virgin females carrying oothecae that contain undeveloped eggs. It is suggested that activation of the corpora allata in these unmated females is due to adaptation of mechano- or proprioceptors, or adaptation in the central nervous system.
Composition and phase control for molybdenum nitride thin films

Molybdenum nitrides are active and selective hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) catalysts. The catalytic properties of molybdenum nitrides were found to be dependent on the structural properties. The purpose of research described in this paper was to synthesize molybdenum nitride thin films with well defined structures and stoichiometries using ion beam assisted deposition. The films were deposited by evaporating Mo metal, and simultaneously bombarding the growing film with low energy nitrogen ions. The phase constituents of the films were determined using x-ray diffraction and the film composition was obtained by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. The film composition and phase constituents were strong functions of the ion-to-atom arrival rate ratio, ion energy and ion angle of incidence. Differences in the film composition for different arrival rate ratios and ion angles of incidence were interpreted based on reflection and sputtering effects. Our results suggest that phase formation was governed by the effective energy density per deposited atom. Evaluation of the effective energy density per deposited atom and its physical significance in ion beam assisted deposition is discussed.
Fe, Mg, Mn-bearing phosphates in the GRA 95209 meteorite; occurrences and mineral chemistry

Two large regions of Fe, Mg, Mn-bearing phosphates, together with metal and various silicate phases, have been observed in the GRA 95209 meteorite (a primitive achondrite belonging to the acapulcoite-lodranite group). Numerous grains of an orthophosphate intermediate in composition between farringtonite and graftonite/sarcopside are found in association with Fe- and Mn-rich chladniite. The chladniite occurs as rims around the Ca-free phosphate (termed Mg-graftonite here) and along boundaries between Fe, Ni metal and silicate grains. Relict metal grains are included within both phosphates. Textures, as well as mineral compositions, suggest formation of the Mg-graftonite by reaction of Fe, Ni metal with surrounding silicates (olivine and orthopyroxene). Chladniite probably formed both through replacement of Mg-graftonite and directly by reaction of metal with silicates, including plagioclase. Apatite appears to have played only a minor role in the formation of these phosphates.
An analysis of HIV antibody detection results in 2008-2009 in Weihai

Objective:To analyze the epidemic features of AIDS in Weihai City and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control.Methods:The information for HIV detection data of different population groups in Weihai City from 2008 to 2009 was analyzed.Results:A total of 208929 samples from different population groups were detected and 56 cases of anti-HIV positive were identified,with a positive rate of 0.027%,of whom sexual partners of positive people,floating population,voluntary counseling and testing,prostitues,other hospital patients and detainees of the positive rate was18.18%,0.57%,0.27%,0.18% and0.15%.HIV positive people in the floating population much higher than the local population,accounting for 83.93%,the main route of transmission was the sexual transmission,accounting for 60.71%.Conclusion:At present,Weihai City is still at a low infection stage.To strengthen the monitoring and prevention of AIDS knowledge publicity efforts,carry out health education based behavioral intervention and curb the AIDS epidemic and spreading is important.
An SET-free, fully-digital point-of-load regulator for next-generation spacecraft power systems

This paper presents a digitally controlled point-of-load regulator for next-generation power systems. It is intended for spacecraft with limited energy harvesting capability and on board battery storage such as micro- and nano-satellites as well as multi-tier power distribution networks of conventional satellite and spacecraft subsystems. The novel control loop was designed to minimize radiation induced single-event effects (SEE) and resulting transients. The design was implemented in 14nm bulk complimentary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process and validated with post layout simulations. It attains a peak efficiency of 95% at heavy load conditions and 79% at light loads with a maximum voltage ripple of 25mV at light loads. The most susceptible elements of the proposed regulator have a relatively high energy threshold (∼ 15pJ corresponding to 40 MeV.cm2/mg) indicating a small probability of occurrence in harsh environments and no catastrophic failure.
Parental Attitudes Toward Children’s Advertising: Some Preliminary Findings

For a decade now the Federal Trade Commission has debated the pros and cons of children’s advertising. The Federal Trade Commission has considered a ban of all advertising on children’s programs, a ban of any commercials of highly sugared foods, and/or a disclosure of nutritional value of such products. Ironically, however, the FTC has announced that TV ads aimed at children are no longer a target of FTC restrictions (Wall Street Journal, 1981). These debates have prompted a tremendous amount of research concerning children’s advertising. However, the majority of this research has focused on the advertisements themselves, the children’s perceptions of the advertisements, or the effects of the ads on the children. The research underlying this paper is designed to analyze parental attitudes toward children’s advertising. The results indicate that parents have a negative attitude toward children’s advertising, and the advertising industry might want to analyze possibilities of self-regulation, even if the FTC has decided not to make restrictions.
Melorheostosis: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis of 24 Patients at the Mayo Clinic.

Abstract Background Current understanding of the clinical features of persons with melorheostosis is restricted primarily to individual case reports and small case series. Objective To assess the clinical features of patients with melorheostosis treated at our institution from 1972 through 2010. Design Chart review. Setting Tertiary academic medical center. Participants Twenty-three patients with "definite" and one patient with "probable" melorheostosis based on radiographic criteria. Methods The eligible study cohort was identified through the Rochester Medical Index database. Further diagnostic confirmation of patients with melorheostosis was performed by radiographic review. Main Outcome Measurements We evaluated age at first visit to our institution, gender, affected body area, number of bones affected, presenting symptoms, surgical evaluation, and therapies provided. Results The average age at first evaluation at our clinic was 36.5 years (median 41.5 years, range 3-68 years). The female to male ratio was 4:1. The lower extremity was most commonly affected (66.6%), followed by upper extremity (33.3%), spine (16.6%), and head (8.3%). One-third of patients had involvement of a single bone; two-thirds had multiple bone involvement. Pain was the most common presenting concern (83.3%), followed by deformity (54.1%), limitation of movement (45.8%), numbness (37.5%), and weakness (25.0%). Most patients had a physician evaluation (87.5%); patients also underwent orthopedic surgery (45.8%), physical therapy (33.3%), and occupational therapy (12.5%). Conclusions Melorheostosis is a rare sclerotic bone disease resulting in pain, deformity, and dysfunction. An interdisciplinary approach to care should include nonoperative and operative evaluation, as well as appropriate therapies. A prospective approach to evaluation, including imaging and physical examinations, would provide valuable longitudinal data. Level of Evidence IV
How to Build a Desiring Machine: Quad I & II (1981)

Beckett’s inexorable movement towards the creation of a pure, non-subjective image-form reaches its apogee in Quad I & II, his first and only colour production, which was first transmitted in Germany by SDR in October 1981 under Beckett’s own direction as Quadrat I & II.1 As Herren notes, ‘Beckett defines Quadrat I + II as “A piece for four players, light and percussion”, giving equal billing to each element, and treating no element as more important — let alone more “human” — than the other’ (Herren, 2007, p. 127). Unlike Eh Joe, Ghost Trio and …but the clouds…, there was no original BBC version, just a new introduction in English for its December 1982 UK broadcast made by Martin Esslin. As a result, our only means of performance comparison is with an American 1988 Global Village production expertly choreographed by Suzanne Lek. According to Bignell, this dearth of BBC involvement is indicative of a larger reverse trend within British television — which, as we will see, extends to the subsequent 1983 SDR production of Nacht und Traume — so that ‘by the 1980s the flow of original Beckett productions for television and the money to finance them was from continental Europe to Britain, rather than the other way around as hitherto’ (Bignell, 2003, p. 168). In short, ‘Beckett’s work became virtually invisible on television until the production of programmes marking his death in 1989’ (Bignell, 2009, p. 82).
Restaurant servers’ risk perceptions and risk communication-related behaviors when serving customers with food allergies in the U.S.

Abstract Communication between and among customers with food allergies and foodservice staff has become a concern in the restaurant industry. The purpose of this research was to explore the perceived risks and risk communication-related behaviors of restaurant servers when serving customers with food allergies in the U.S. An online survey instrument was developed based on interviews with full service restaurant managers, pilot-tested, and distributed through an online survey research firm. The results indicated that most servers lacked knowledge about food allergies and perceived that initiating communication and preventing allergic reactions were mostly the responsibilities of customers with food allergies. Servers’ risk reduction and communication behaviors were affected by their perceived severity of food allergy reactions, previous training, sources of media exposure, and the perceived responsibilities of preventing food allergy reactions. Restaurateurs and foodservice educators may use these findings to develop training and strategies for food allergy risk communication in the restaurant industry.
Amping Up the PA for 5G: Efficient GaN Power Amplifiers with Dynamic Supplies

Signals designed for high-capacity communications result in high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) waveforms that the transmitter power amplifier (PA) must amplify with low distortion. With emerging fifth-generation (5G) wireless systems, carrier frequencies and signal bandwidths are expected to increase significantly from the current S- and C-band allocations. All these factors are contributing to the increasingly challenging goals of maintaining transmitter PA efficiency for the following reasons.
Fracture Tolerance of Asphalt Binder at Intermediate Temperatures

AbstractLoad-induced fatigue cracking is one of the primary distress modes in asphalt pavements at intermediate temperatures. The asphalt community is still searching for a reliable methodology to ...
Responses of neonicotinoid resistant and susceptible Frankliniella fusca life stages to multiple insecticide groups in cotton.

BACKGROUND Detection of neonicotinoid resistance in populations of tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca Hinds, throughout the southeastern USA has motivated an examination of alternative insecticides to control problematic infestations on seedling cotton. The objective of this study was to refine understanding of stage-specific mortality and reduced oviposition of several common insecticides (acephate, abamectin, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, imidacloprid, imidacloprid+thiodicarb, thiamethoxam) on neonicotinoid resistant and susceptible F. fusca populations under laboratory and field conditions. RESULTS Laboratory studies revealed that the average number of eggs per female and larval or adult survivorship responses differed by insecticide and were dependent on the resistance status of the population. In the presence of neonicotinoids, the resistant F. fusca populations exhibited lower mortality and higher egg counts than the susceptible population. In the field study, similar patterns of oviposition suppression were observed, indicating that some insecticides may impact reproductive rate. CONCLUSION This study shows that insecticides have different effects on F. fusca oviposition events, larval and adult mortality that are dependent on neonicotinoid resistance status. Because insecticides tested in this study have varied activity on specific F. fusca life stages (e.g. oviposition suppression, larvicidal activity, adulticidal activity), knowledge of stage-specific activity can be used to improve control and enhance long-term product stewardship. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cost-effective vehicular radar through minimally-modified IEEE 802.11 devices

Increasing safety and automation in transportation systems has led to the proliferation of radar and IEEE 802.11 dedicated short range communication (DSRC) in vehicles. Conceivably, vehicles could be equipped with both options, as DSRC enables detection around corners through communications as a supplement to standard radar detection. While DSRC devices are cost-effective, vehicular radar devices are currently expensive. We suggest an alternative where DSRC is used for both communications and radar. This is accomplished with minimal modification to existing IEEE 802.11 devices via algorithm processing only on frequency-domain channel estimates. Simulations show that our solution can deliver acceptable vehicular radar performance with the 10–20 MHz of spectrum provided by IEEE 802.11, demonstrating the feasibility of substantial cost reduction in vehicular radar.
A comparative analysis of cyclists’ paths through shared space and non-shared intersections in Coventry, England

This paper investigates the impact that road design may have on how cyclists ride through intersections. Using video observations of two intersections in Coventry, England, one shared and one non-treatment, an analysis of the paths taken by cyclists examines the variation in the paths ridden through the non-treatment intersection as compared to the shared space intersection. The results of this comparative analysis indicate that a significant proportion of observed cyclists ride similarly through both shared and non-treatment intersections. These findings indicate that shared space designs may not influence cyclists as the design theory itself states.
Reward Capacity Predicts Leptin Dynamics During Laboratory-Controlled Eating in Women as a Function of Body Mass Index.

OBJECTIVE The role of leptin in mesolimbic signaling of non-food-related rewards has been well established at the preclinical level, yet studies in humans are lacking. The present investigation explored the association between hedonic capacity and leptin dynamics and whether this association differed by BMI class. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of 75 women (42 with BMIs in the lean range and 33 with BMIs in the obesity range), serum leptin before and after meal consumption was measured. Reward capacity was assessed using the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). Multiple regression tested whether reward capacity was associated with the leptin area under the curve (AUC), with an interaction term to test differences between the lean and obesity groups. RESULTS The interaction of SHAPS by BMI group was robust (β = -0.40, P = 0.005); among women with obesity, a greater SHAPS score was associated with a lower leptin AUC (β = -0.35, P = 0.002, adjusted R2 = 0.66). Among those in the lean group, the association was not statistically significant (β = -0.16, P = 0.252, adjusted R2 = 0.22). Findings were above and beyond BMI and age. CONCLUSIONS In this sample, a robust negative association between reward capacity and circulating leptin was stronger in women with obesity compared with lean counterparts. These findings suggest that despite likely leptin resistance, inhibitory leptin functioning related to nonfood rewards may be spared in women with obesity.
P-008 Normoglycemia following thrombectomy is associated with improved 90-day favorable outcomes in ischemic stroke patients

Background It is well known that hyperglycemia is induced by ischemic stroke and causes detrimental outcomes. Hyperglycemia causes neurons to become stunned with the subsequent arrest of protein synthesis and mitochondrial activity. This arrest can lead to cell death following ischemia. What is unknown however is whether normoglycemia following thrombectomy is protective. We proposed that normoglycemia (blood glucose Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed with 187 patients admitted to Ruby Memorial Hospital for acute ischemic stroke and who underwent thrombectomy intervention with or without tPA. Baseline NIHSS and mRS were collected as well diabetes status at time of admission. Glucose levels were recorded within the first 12 hours following thrombectomy. 90 day outcome was grouped into favorable or non-favorable. Analysis was formed by χ2 analysis and student t-tests with p Results Normoglycemia following thrombectomy is an independent risk for favorable 90 day outcome χ2=10.716, p=0.001. The average blood glucose level within 12 hours following thrombectomy for the favorable outcome group was 117 whereas it was 140 for the poor outcome group (t=3.2, p=0.0017). Interestingly, patients with diabetes were not statistically different than patients without diabetes on 90 day outcome results χ2=0.763, p=0.382. 36% of patients with diabetes had favorable outcomes whereas 43.22% of patients without diabetes had favorable outcomes. 91 patients were successfully recanulized and 57.14% had favorable outcomes compared to the 18.87% in the non-recanulized group χ2=21.214, p Conclusions Normoglycemia is an important marker following thrombectomy. If patients have normoglycemia following thrombectomy and recanculization, they are likely to have a favorable long-term course. Hyperglycemia following thrombectomy however is an indication of poor future outcome. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the validity of normoglycemia as a marker for long-term favorable outcome following thrombectomy. Disclosures B. Lucke-Wold: None. S. Boo: None. J. Carpenter: None. A. Tarabishy: None. A. Rai: None.